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10.1002/adma.201904711 | 123,109,097 | Abstract Scintillators are widely utilized for radiation detections in many fields, such as nondestructive inspection, medical imaging, and space exploration. Lead halide perovskite scintillators have recently received extensive research attention owing to their tunable emission wavelength, low detection limit, and eas... | 10.1038/s43246-023-00348-5 | A promising one-dimensional all-inorganic perovskites with strong carrier confinement and near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield (98.6%). |
10.1038/s43246-020-0038-x | 62,390,194 | Abstract Two-dimensional lead halide perovskites have demonstrated their potential as high-performance scintillators for X- and gamma-ray detection, while also being low-cost. Here we adopt lithium chemical doping in two-dimensional phenethylammonium lead bromide (PEA) 2 PbBr 4 perovskite crystals to improve the proper... | 10.1038/s43246-023-00348-5 | An implication of lithium doping on the (PEA) 2 PbBr 4 with a promising fast decay time of 11 ns (80%). |
10.1002/adom.202200304 | 127,837,088 | Abstract Low‐dimensional perovskite halides have shown a great potential as X‐ray detection materials because of efficient exciton emissions originating from strongly spatially localized charge carriers. Nonetheless, most of them have a scintillation yield far below their theoretical limits. Here, it is found that the ... | 10.1038/s43246-023-00348-5 | In(I) doped perovskite with excellent X-ray detection limit of 96.2 nGy air s −1 , and a superior scintillation yield of 53 000 photons per MeV. |
10.1126/science.abm9293 | 130,047,640 | Bombardment of materials by high-energy particles often leads to light emission in a process known as scintillation. Scintillation has widespread applications in medical imaging, x-ray nondestructive inspection, electron microscopy, and high-energy particle detectors. Most research focuses on finding materials with bri... | 10.1038/s43246-023-00348-5 | A demonstration on the nanophotonic structures with the ability to shape the spectral, angular, and polarization characteristics of scintillation. |
10.1038/s41467-017-02117-8 | 83,285,871 | Abstract Thick biological tissues give rise to not only the multiple scattering of incoming light waves, but also the aberrations of remaining signal waves. The challenge for existing optical microscopy methods to overcome both problems simultaneously has limited sub-micron spatial resolution imaging to shallow depths.... | 10.1038/s42254-019-0143-2 | A report of a reflection matrix analysis algorithm to correct aberrations without using guide stars |
10.1126/sciadv.1600370 | 39,269,341 | Multiple scattering of waves in disordered media is a nightmare whether it is for detection or imaging purposes. So far, the best approach to get rid of multiple scattering is optical coherence tomography. This basically combines confocal microscopy and coherence time gating to discriminate ballistic photons from a pre... | 10.1038/s42254-019-0143-2 | A study analysing the time-gated reflection eigenchannels for deep optical imaging |
10.1126/science.1207385 | 62,297,467 | Mitochondrial division occurs at positions where endoplasmic reticulum tubules contact mitochondria and mediate constriction. | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This study in yeast demonstrated the importance of MERCs in early steps of mitochondrial fission processing |
10.1101/gad.17276711 | 38,367,720 | Cellular senescence acts as a potent barrier to tumorigenesis and contributes to the anti-tumor activity of certain chemotherapeutic agents. Senescent cells undergo a stable cell cycle arrest controlled by RB and p53 and, in addition, display a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) involving the production o... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This paper was the first to demonstrate the role of NF-κB pathway in the regulation of pro-inflammatory SASP |
10.1186/s12964-021-00731-0 | 76,435,460 | Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly prevalent and represents a growing challenge in terms of prevention and treatment. A minority of affected patients develops inflammation, subsequently fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is a leading cause of cancer-rel... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This study is the first to investigate the use of senolytics (Dasatinib + Quercetin) treatment in a fully recapitulated model of NAFLD-induced HCC. Questioning this treatment, the authors demonstrate no effects, even a detrimental effect of using senolytics in the context of age-associated NAFLD-induced HCC |
10.1101/706408 | 74,578,779 | ABSTRACT Eukaryotic cells are complex systems containing internal compartments with specialised functions. Among these compartments, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a major role in processing proteins for modification and delivery to other organelles, whereas mitochondria generate energy in the form of ATP. Mitoch... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This in vivo work using synthetic linker in fly constituted the first evidence of the beneficial role of MERCs in lifespan in a model of Alzheimer’s disease |
10.1111/acel.13083 | 122,868,908 | Abstract Senescent cells in tissues and organs are considered to be pivotal to not only the aging process but also the onset of chronic disease. Accumulating evidence from animal experiments indicates that the magnitude of senescence can vary within and between aged tissue samples from the same animal. However, whether... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This review constituted the first meta-analysis correlating age and senescence markers in various tissues underlying tissue-specificity of accumulation of senescent cells. |
10.1073/pnas.1302455110 | 83,272,784 | The target of rapamycin (TOR) is a highly conserved protein kinase and a central controller of growth. Mammalian TOR complex 2 (mTORC2) regulates AGC kinase family members and is implicated in various disorders, including cancer and diabetes. Here we report that mTORC2 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) sub... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This study highlighted the MERCs-localisation of mTOR complex, and its role in modulating MERCs physiology through AKT-dependent phosphorylation of IP3R, Hexokinase 2, and phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 |
10.1126/science.1189157 | 20,560,564 | The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) tumor suppressor is a pleiotropic modulator of apoptosis. However, the molecular basis for such a diverse proapoptotic role is currently unknown. We show that extranuclear Pml was specifically enriched at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and at the mitochondria-associated membranes, signa... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This work demonstrated the importance of PML at MERCs to mediate IPR3R-phosphorylation and calcium-mediated apoptosis |
10.3390/cells9071637 | 75,935,769 | Contact sites between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are points in which the two organelles are in close proximity. Due to their structural and functional complexity, their exploitation as pharmacological targets has never been considered so far. Notwithstanding, the number of compounds described to target... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02840-5 | This review focused on the importance of druggable targets to modulate MERCs function and opened new perspectives to extend investigations on MERCs importance |
10.1182/blood-2010-04-281931 | 4,804,973 | Abstract Adoptive transfer of genetically modified T cells is an attractive approach for generating antitumor immune responses. We treated a patient with advanced follicular lymphoma by administering a preparative chemotherapy regimen followed by autologous T cells genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen r... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00042-8 | This article reports one of the first applications of CAR T cell therapy in human patients. |
10.1152/physrev.00021.2021 | 133,082,236 | Optogenetics combines light and genetics to enable precise control of living cells, tissues, and organisms with tailored functions. Optogenetics has the advantages of noninvasiveness, rapid responsiveness, tunable reversibility, and superior spatiotemporal resolution. Following the initial discovery of microbial opsins... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00042-8 | This article presents a comprehensive summary of photogenetic tools used to control cells of the immune system and host cell physiology. |
10.1073/pnas.1714900115 | 4,581,632 | While cell-based immunotherapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells, is becoming a paradigm-shifting therapeutic approach for cancer treatment, there is a lack of general methods to remotely and noninvasively regulate genetics in live mammalian cells and animals for cancer immunotherapy within... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00042-8 | This article reports ultrasound stimulation of CAR expression through cell signalling by a mechanosensitive ion channel. |
10.1126/science.1261821 | 83,054,702 | Exciting nerve cells deep inside the brain Current techniques to stimulate regions inside the brain need a permanently implanted wire or an optical fiber. Working in mice, Chen et al. developed a method to overcome this problem (see the Perspective by Temel and Jahanshahi). They introduced heat-sensitive capsaicin rece... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00042-8 | This article reports alternating magnetic field-induced magnetothermia for wireless deep-brain neurostimulation. |
10.1073/pnas.90.2.720 | 20,575,646 | The generation of tumor-specific lymphocytes and their use in adoptive immunotherapy is limited to a few malignancies because most spontaneous tumors are very weak or not at all immunogenic. On the other hand, many anti-tumor antibodies have been described which bind tumor-associated antigens shared among tumors of the... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00042-8 | This article reports one of the first designs of CAR T cells. |
10.1073/pnas.1916349117 | 123,931,451 | Cytochrome P450 enzymes have tremendous potential as industrial biocatalysts, including in biological lignin valorization. Here, we describe P450s that catalyze the O -demethylation of lignin-derived guaiacols with different ring substitution patterns. Bacterial strains Rhodococcus rhodochrous EP4 and Rhodococcus josti... | 10.1038/s41929-022-00747-w | Cytochromes P450 from two Rhodococcus species catalyze the O-demethylation of lignin-derived |
10.1002/pro.3525 | 83,047,639 | Abstract Many flavoenzymes catalyze hydroxylation of aromatic compounds especially phenolic compounds have been isolated and characterized. These enzymes can be classified as either single‐component or two‐component flavin‐dependent hydroxylases (monooxygenases). The hydroxylation reactions catalyzed by the enzymes in ... | 10.1038/s41929-022-00747-w | Provides a comprehensive review of FMO mechanisms and structures for aromatic hydroxylation |
10.1126/science.286.5440.746 | 102,555,482 | A solution of cadmium selenide nanocrystals was used to print inorganic thin-film transistors with field effect mobilities up to 1 square centimeter per volt second. This mobility is an order of magnitude larger than those reported for printed organic transistors. A field effect was achieved by developing a synthesis t... | 10.1038/s41928-019-0301-7 | This paper reported the early effort in thin-film electronics constructed from 0D quantum dots |
10.1126/science.aad0371 | 123,091,567 | Assembling nanocrystal devices A wide range of materials can be grown as high-quality colloidal nanocrystals, with properties spanning from conductors to semiconductors and insulators. Although these materials have been included in electronic devices, they usually only form a single component within the device. Choi et... | 10.1038/s41928-019-0301-7 | This paper presented state-of-the-art thin-film electronics on a flexible substrate constructed from 0D quantum dots |
10.1063/1.1564291 | 19,665,182 | We report on the transport properties of random networks of single-wall carbon nanotubes fabricated into thin-film transistors. At low nanotube densities (∼1 μm−2) the networks are electrically continuous and behave like a p-type semiconductor with a field-effect mobility of ∼10 cm2/V s and a transistor on-to-off ratio... | 10.1038/s41928-019-0301-7 | This paper presented the early exploration of nanotube networks for thin-film electronics |
10.1002/chin.201118179 | 39,893,178 | Abstract Layered compounds such as MoS 2 , WS 2 , MoSe 2 , TaSe 2 , NbSe 2 , NiTe 2 , BN, and Bi 2 Te 3 are exfoliated by sonication of powders of the materials in a number of solvents with varying surface tensions and deposited as individual flakes or formed into films. | 10.1038/s41928-019-0301-7 | This paper presented the liquid-phase exfoliation of diverse 2D crystals into solution-processable ink materials |
10.1002/wcms.1538 | 123,050,354 | Abstract This article provides an overview on an automated reaction path search method called artificial force induced reaction (AFIR). The AFIR method induces various chemical transformations by applying force between pairs of fragments in a system. By pushing fragments from their various mutual orientations or by app... | 10.1038/s44160-022-00133-1 | A review article that presents applications of the AFIR method. |
10.1002/chem.202100812 | 62,021,579 | Abstract A three‐component reaction (3CR) for the synthesis of difluoroglycine derivatives has been achieved by using amines, difluorocarbene (generated in situ), and the abundant, inexpensive, and nontoxic C 1 source CO 2 . Various tert ‐amines and pyridine, (iso)quinoline, imidazole, thiazole, and pyrazole derivative... | 10.1038/s44160-022-00133-1 | This paper reports the synthesis of difluoroglycine derivatives based on the AFIR method and its applications. |
10.1029/2012gl052928 | 41,653,852 | The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident resulted in extensive radioactive contamination of the surrounding forests. In this study, we analyzed fallout 137 Cs, 134 Cs, and 131 I in rainwater, throughfall, and stemflow in coniferous forest plantations immediately after the accident. We show selective fractiona... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0099-x | Quantification of the initial canopy interception of the Fukushima-accident-derived 137 Cs by Japanese evergreen coniferous trees, based on intensive field sampling of rainwater in the context of initial atmospheric deposition |
10.1038/srep37618 | 84,333,934 | Abstract Our study focused on radiocaesium ( 137 Cs) partitioning in forests, three vegetation periods after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident. 137 Cs distribution in forest components (organic and mineral soil layers as well as tree compartments: stem, bark, needles, branches and roots) was measured f... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0099-x | Comprehensive dataset of the temporal changes of 137 Cs concentrations in hydrological and vegetal forest samples in Japanese cedar and oak stands in Fukushima |
10.1098/rstb.2019.0299 | 102,877,732 | Language is our mind's most powerful generative system for the expression of meaning and thought. What are the neural mechanisms of our ability to compose complex meanings from simpler representations? This question is impossible to answer unless we decompose the notion of ‘meaning composition’ in some theoretically gu... | 10.1038/s43588-022-00361-7 | A review article that presents the current progress in understanding meaning composition in the brain. |
10.1073/pnas.2111530118 | 128,121,187 | Significance Plastic waste causes harm to marine life and has become a major global environmental concern. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased demand for single-use plastic, intensifying pressure on this already out-of-control problem. This work shows that more than eight million tons of pandemic-assoc... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article quantifies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the plastic waste generation |
10.1126/science.aah5744 | 41,646,543 | Polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene ( i PP) constitute nearly two-thirds of the world’s plastic. Despite their similar hydrocarbon makeup, the polymers are immiscible with one another. Thus, common grades of PE and i PP do not adhere or blend, creating challenges for recycling these materials. We synthesized ... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article discusses using a copolymer designed to function as a compatibilizer to mechanically recycle mixed PE and PP waste |
10.1126/science.aaf7810 | 41,632,792 | Formaldehyde protects and serves The lignin found in plants is a desirable renewable feedstock for fuels and other useful compounds. Breaking down such a strong, energy-dense polymer, however, requires pretreatment of plant biomass under harsh conditions. These pretreatment steps often cause side reactions within the p... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article presents a stratagem to produce a high yield of lignin monomer from biomass depolymerization via formaldehyde stabilization |
10.1002/adma.202102766 | 128,472,247 | Abstract Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) containing short‐ and medium/long‐chain‐length monomers, abbreviated as SCL‐ co ‐MCL/LCL PHAs, generate suitable thermal and mechanical properties. However, SCL‐ co ‐MCL/LCL PHAs with carbon chain longer than nine are difficult to synthesize due to the low specificity of P... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This research reports polymerization of a series of PHAs with 3HA ranging from 9 to 18 carbon atoms based on a high-performing bacterial platform |
10.1126/science.abi8183 | 134,133,418 | Polyethylene with a nickel’s worth of CO The biggest problem with polyethylene, the most abundantly manufactured plastic, is that it doesn’t break down easily once it is discarded. Chemists have long sought to introduce small quantities of carbon monoxide (CO) into polyethylene chains to promote photodegradation, but t... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article discusses introducing carbonyl groups into PE chains to promote the photodegradation of PE |
10.1002/marc.202000415 | 104,117,236 | Abstract The current global plastics economy is highly linear, with the exceptional performance and low carbon footprint of polymeric materials at odds with dramatic increases in plastic waste. Transitioning to a circular economy that retains plastic in its highest value condition is essential to reduce environmental i... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This review article provides a progressive summary of mechanical recycling of mainstream plastics |
10.1126/sciadv.aas9024 | 41,532,128 | Stable isotope labeling of agricultural polyesters enables demonstration of their microbial utilization in soils. | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This research article tracks the conversion of carbon into CO 2 and biomass during soil biodegradation studies using 13 C isotope labelling |
10.1126/science.aah5281 | 41,643,044 | A metathesis reaction yields a strategy to cross-link and enhance polymers without compromising easy processing and recycling. | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article reports the synthesis, processing and properties of vitrimers from rapid and thermally robust metathesis of dioxaborolanes |
10.1126/sciadv.abe0026 | 17,174,710 | For almost a century, petrochemical-based monomers like acrylates have been widely used as the basis for coatings, resins, and paints. The development of sustainable alternatives, integrating the principles of green chemistry in starting material, synthesis process, and product function, offers tremendous challenges fo... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article reports a high-performance coating from natural alkoxybutenolides, which could be a bio-based alternative for acrylates |
10.1093/database/baz119 | 81,511,345 | Abstract Since the invention over a hundred years ago, plastics have been used in many applications, and they are involved in every aspect of our lives. The extensive usage of plastics results in a tremendous amount of waste, which has become a severe burden on the environment. Several degradation approaches exist in n... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article reports a database related to plastics microbial biodegradation, used for identifying and predicting the enzyme for plastic biodegradation |
10.1038/ncomms8170 | 62,324,353 | Abstract Today’s consumer electronics, such as cell phones, tablets and other portable electronic devices, are typically made of non-renewable, non-biodegradable, and sometimes potentially toxic (for example, gallium arsenide) materials. These consumer electronics are frequently upgraded or discarded, leading to seriou... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00124-8 | This article reports a novel and fully bio-based transparent wood biocomposite based on green synthesis of a new limonene acrylate monomer from renewable resources |
10.1093/oso/9780190844073.003.0003 | 103,489,830 | The meaning of “conspiracy theory” constantly contracts and expands. On one hand, the phrase is regularly used to describe fringe views that do not involve alleged conspiracies. On the other hand, people tend to avoid using the phrase when describing conspiracy claims embraced by the mainstream, even when those ideas a... | 10.1038/s41893-021-00749-9 | This paper reflects on the notion of ‘urgency’ in climate change debates, finding that it acts as a boundary object between science, policy, civil society and media, but can also trigger a range of psychological effects |
10.1177/030437540603100204 | 122,973,020 | This article challenges the increasingly prevalent idea that since September 11, 2001, we have moved into a state of permanent emergency and an abandonment of the rule of law. The article questions this idea, showing that historical developments in the twentieth century have actually placed emergency powers at the hear... | 10.1038/s41893-021-00749-9 | This paper provides a historical overview of the deployment of emergency declarations by governments as a tool for political oppression |
10.1002/wcc.263 | 60,962,521 | Geoengineering, especially its potentially fast and high‐leverage versions, is often justified as a necessary response to possible future climate emergencies. In this article, we take the notion of ‘necessity’ in international law as a starting point in assessing how rapid, high‐leverage geoengineering might be justifi... | 10.1038/s41893-021-00749-9 | Using the example of geoengineering, this paper argues that emergency frames can provide pre-emptive justification for certain solutions and foreclose deliberations in environmental governance |
10.1093/med/9780198713005.003.0008 | 115,924,451 | The United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative offers a framework to facilitate integrative research to clarify core mechanisms of human mental distress and dysfunction. The RDoC was developed to provide an alternative to research, designed around clinical syndro... | 10.1038/s44220-022-00012-w | This is a description of the National Institutes of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria Initiative, which promotes a dimensional model for understanding psychopathology, integrating genes, molecules and cells, neural circuits, physiology, behavior and self-reporting. |
10.1038/s41539-017-0007-4 | 38,208,063 | Abstract For the past 30 years, research on the amygdala has largely focused on the genesis of defensive behaviors as its main function. This focus originated from early lesion studies and was supported by extensive anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological data. Here we argue that while much data is consistent wi... | 10.1038/s44220-022-00012-w | This is an example of traditional connectivity analyses that examine the association between psychiatric symptoms and a neural circuit between two brain regions |
10.1523/jneurosci.2335-09.2009 | 42,507,310 | Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and showed that the strength of an axonal pathway identified between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex predicted individual differences in trait anxiety. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) functional localizer that has been shown to produce reliable amygdala act... | 10.1038/s44220-022-00012-w | Circuit –disorder : this is an empirical account of the role of the structural integrity of the amygdala – prefrontal circuits and anxiety psychopathology. |
10.1098/rstb.2017.0025 | 62,374,790 | Through advances in both basic and clinical scientific research, Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction have become an exemplary translational model for understanding and treating anxiety disorders. Discoveries in associative and neurobiological mechanisms underlying extinction have informed techniques for optimizi... | 10.1038/s44220-022-00012-w | This is an illustration of how advances in neuroscience and cognitive science around fear learning inform targeted and efficient interventions for anxiety disorders. |
10.1002/wps.20493 | 81,273,765 | Most psychotherapies for depression have been developed in high‐income Western countries of North America, Europe and Australia. A growing number of randomized trials have examined the effects of these treatments in non‐Western countries. We conducted a meta‐analysis of these studies to examine whether these psychother... | 10.1038/s44220-022-00012-w | This meta-analysis shows the effectiveness of psychotherapies for depression in low- to middle-income countries, with larger effect sizes in non-Western countries than in Western countries. |
10.1556/2006.8.2019.52 | 125,194,941 | Background and aims : Despite the many benefits of technological advancements, problematic use of emerging technologies may lead to consumers experiencing harms. Substantial problems and behavioral addictions, such as gambling and gaming disorders, are recognized to be related to Internet-based technologies, including ... | 10.1038/s44159-023-00153-4 | The framework proposed in this article emphasizes the relative roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders for the minimization of harms associated with potentially problematic and addictive use of online applications |
10.1556/2006.8.2019.49 | 62,351,110 | Background and aims Many people present excessive patterns of social networking site (SNS) use and try to self-regulate it. However, little is known regarding the strategies employed by young adult SNS users and their role in preventing the emergence of addiction-like symptoms in relation to SNS use. Methods In Study 1... | 10.1038/s44159-023-00153-4 | The naturalistic-qualitative approach used in this article might inspire further research aimed at uncovering the types of self-control strategies routinely enacted by individuals to regulate their involvement in online activities |
10.1126/science.1209300 | 41,736,673 | Tiny minerals trapped inside Brazilian diamonds show that Earth’s carbon cycle extends down to the lower mantle. | 10.1038/s43017-020-00138-4 | Mineralogical evidence of deep mantle cycling of subducted crustal materials record in super-deep diamonds |
10.1098/rstb.2016.0324 | 115,263,705 | In parts of rural China male-biased sex ratios at birth, combined with out-migration of women, have led to highly male-biased adult sex ratios, resulting in large numbers of men being unable to marry, in a culture where marriage and reproduction are an expectation. The aim of this study was to test the hypotheses that ... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | One of the few studies in humans that targets well-being as an outcome, showing concerning mental health implications of sex ratio skew |
10.1111/jeb.12415 | 83,128,944 | Abstract Adult sex ratio ( ASR ) exhibits immense variation in nature, although neither the causes nor the implications of this variation are fully understood. According to theory, the ASR is expected to influence sex roles and breeding systems, as the rarer sex in the population has more potential partners to mate wit... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A comprehensive overview of mate choice, mating systems and parental care in relation to ASR |
10.1098/rstb.2016.0313 | 62,439,137 | Adult sex ratio (ASR, the proportion of males in the adult population) is a central concept in population and evolutionary biology, and is also emerging as a major factor influencing mate choice, pair bonding and parental cooperation in both human and non-human societies. However, estimating ASR is fraught with difficu... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A methodology-focused review highlighting the pros and cons of various ASR estimation methods used in wildlife biology |
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01540.x | 18,978,511 | Abstract Conventional sex roles imply caring females and competitive males. The evolution of sex role divergence is widely attributed to anisogamy initiating a self‐reinforcing process. The initial asymmetry in pre‐mating parental investment (eggs vs. sperm) is assumed to promote even greater divergence in post‐mating ... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A landmark theoretical study that explains the complex relationships between parental care, ASR and OSR |
10.1098/rstb.2016.0323 | 115,271,217 | In Black population centres in the USA, adult sex ratios (ASRs) are strongly female-biased primarily due to high male incarceration and early mortality rates. I explore the system of social determinants that shape these ASRs, and describe their apparent consequences. Evidence suggests that female-biased ASRs play a rol... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | An important study on humans that bridges the gap between theory and policy illustrating a societal issue related to sex ratio imbalance and sexually transmitted diseases risk in a vulnerable sub-population in the USA |
10.1098/rsos.140402 | 41,716,149 | Characterizations of coy females and ardent males are rooted in models of sexual selection that are increasingly outdated. Evolutionary feedbacks can strongly influence the sex roles and subsequent patterns of sex differentiated investment in mating effort, with a key component being the adult sex ratio (ASR). Using da... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A pioneering study of a small-scale population that demonstrates mating strategies vary with the sex ratio at local level |
10.1038/ncomms12517 | 123,536,000 | Abstract Sex-role evolution theory attempts to explain the origin and direction of male–female differences. A fundamental question is why anisogamy, the difference in gamete size that defines the sexes, has repeatedly led to large differences in subsequent parental care. Here we construct models to confirm predictions ... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A theoretical study showing that under a simple null scenario the sex ratio of male to female care does not evolve in response to ASR, but rather to the sex ratio at maturation |
10.1098/rstb.2016.0317 | 42,612,779 | Human adult sex ratios have been studied extensively across the biological and social sciences. While several studies have examined adult sex ratio effects in a multilevel perspective, many studies have focused on effects at an aggregated level only. In this paper, we review some key issues relating to such analyses. W... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A critical study that highlights shortcomings inherent in much of the early sex ratio literature, which stems in part from using nation- rather than local-level data |
10.1098/rstb.2016.0318 | 19,526,701 | Evidence from animal species indicates that a male-biased adult sex ratio (ASR) can lead to higher levels of male parental investment and that there is heterogeneity in behavioural responses to mate scarcity depending on mate value. In humans, however, there is little consistent evidence of the effect of the ASR on pai... | 10.1038/s42003-022-04223-w | A seminal study on humans demonstrating the impacts of local sex ratio skew depending on individual status on the mating market |
10.1126/science.1228771 | 20,794,741 | Coordinating Metabolism Growth factors help to coordinate metabolism with growth in part by stimulating the activity of the protein kinase mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1). Ben-Sahra et al. (p. 1323 , published online 21 February) and Robitaille et al. (p. 1320 , published online 21 February) independ... | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | The studies in refs. 27–29 demonstrate that mTORC1 stimulates de novo nucleotide synthesis: ref. 27 and ref. 29 show that metabolic flux through the pyrimidine-nucleotide-synthesis pathway is acutely stimulated through S6K1-mediated phosphorylation of the first enzyme in the pathway, CAD; ref. 28 shows that mTORC1 acti... |
10.1073/pnas.0914798107 | 45,345,837 | The livers of insulin-resistant, diabetic mice manifest selective insulin resistance, suggesting a bifurcation in the insulin signaling pathway: Insulin loses its ability to block glucose production (i.e., it fails to suppress PEPCK and other genes of gluconeogenesis), yet it retains its ability to stimulate fatty acid... | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | Together with ref. 2 , the studies in refs. 32 and 33 reveal that mTORC1 induces de novo lipid synthesis through activation of the SREBP family of transcription factors. |
10.1126/science.aar2663 | 82,980,547 | A selective autophagy receptor identified Autophagosomes engulf and degrade cellular components in lysosomes. Degradation of ribosomes is called ribophagy and is an important source of nutrients. Using a recently reported method to isolate lysosomes, Wyant et al. profiled the dynamics of the lysosomal proteome under di... | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | The studies in refs. 58 and 59 reveal that mammalian cells degrade ribosomes through either bulk autophagy (ref. 58 ) or selective autophagy (ref. 59 ), referred to as ribophagy. |
10.1126/science.1157535 | 38,441,260 | The multiprotein mTORC1 protein kinase complex is the central component of a pathway that promotes growth in response to insulin, energy levels, and amino acids and is deregulated in common cancers. We find that the Rag proteins—a family of four related small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases)—interact with mTORC1 in ... | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | This is the first study indicating that mTORC1 translocates to a specific subcellular compartment, now established to be the lysosome, in response to amino acids, where it encounters and is activated by Rheb. |
10.1126/science.1257132 | 125,134,161 | Sensing amino acids at the lysosome The mTORC1 protein kinase is a complex of proteins that functions to regulate growth and metabolism. Activity of mTORC1 is sensitive to the abundance of amino acids, but how the sensing of amino acids is coupled to the control of mTORC1 has been unclear. Wang et al. searched for pred... | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | The studies in ref. 82 and ref. 83 identify SLC38A9 as a lysosomal amino acid transporter that engages Rag heterodimers and regulates mTORC1 in response to amino acids. |
10.1126/scisignal.2004112 | 58,644,102 | A complex that inactivates a GTPase keeps the TORC1 pathway in check in times of amino acid deprivation. | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | The studies in ref. 101 and ref. 102 identify evolutionarily conserved protein complexes (GATOR1 and GATOR2 in mammalian cells) as essential upstream regulators of mTORC1 activity by amino acid signals that influence the Rag GTPases, and show that GATOR1 serves as a RagA/B GAP. |
10.1126/science.aao3265 | 104,439,755 | mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates cell growth and metabolism in response to multiple environmental cues. Nutrients signal via the Rag guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) to promote the localization of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface, its site of activation. We identified SAMTOR, a previously uncharacterized protein, wh... | 10.1038/s42255-019-0038-7 | Collectively, the studies in refs. 105–109 identify and molecularly characterize direct amino acid sensors that act upstream of the GATOR complexes and regulate mTORC1. |
10.1073/pnas.1919921117 | 18,212,563 | The ability to modulate cellular electrophysiology is fundamental to the investigation of development, function, and disease. Currently, there is a need for remote, nongenetic, light-induced control of cellular activity in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) platforms. Here, we report a breakthrough hybrid ... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00022-y | This article reports templated graphene nanostructures that enable remote, non-genetic photothermal stimulation with laser energies as low as sub-hundred nanojoules without generating cellular stress. |
10.1007/s12551-022-00943-9 | 129,067,553 | Abstract The observation that membrane capacitance increases with temperature has led to the development of new methods of neuronal stimulation using light. The optocapacitive effect refers to a light-induced change in capacitance produced by the heating of the membrane through a photothermal effect. This change in cap... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00022-y | This article explains the theoretical basis of optocapacitive-based photothermal excitation. |
10.1073/pnas.1914345117 | 101,719,454 | Two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) nanomaterials are an emerging class of biomaterials that are photoresponsive at near-infrared wavelengths (NIR). Here, we demonstrate the ability of 2D MoS 2 to modulate cellular functions of human stem cells through photothermal mechanisms. The interaction of MoS 2 an... | 10.1038/s44222-023-00022-y | This article demonstrates photothermal modulation of gene expression and cellular functions in human stem cells using 2D transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS 2 |
10.1093/oso/9780199655441.001.0001 | 20,682,265 | First recognized in 1822, polymorphism of crystals is now a widely recognized and observed phenomenon, with both fundamental and commercial ramifications in disciplines and industries that study and utilize solid forms of matter. The purpose of this edition is to summarize and to bring up to date the current knowledge ... | 10.1038/s42004-020-0279-0 | Ground basis definition of different concepts relevant to the subject were based on this work |
10.1002/adfm.201603489 | 107,150,241 | Direct observations of the ferroelectric domain boundaries in LiNbO 3 are performed using high‐resolution high‐angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging, revealing a very narrow width of the domain wall between the 180° domains. The domain walls demonstrate local side‐way meandering, wh... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0235-z | On the nanoscale, domain walls in LiNbO 3 are not straight but exhibit meanders and kinks, which result in local head-to-head or tail-to-tail sections where bound charges accumulate |
10.1038/ncomms15768 | 81,516,762 | Abstract The properties of ferroelectric domain walls can significantly differ from those of their parent material. Elucidating their internal structure is essential for the design of advanced devices exploiting nanoscale ferroicity and such localized functional properties. Here, we probe the internal structure of 180°... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0235-z | Observation of non-Ising components of the domain wall polarization in lithium tantalate by optical second-harmonic generation |
10.1063/1.4869851 | 57,923,479 | Using conductive and piezoforce microscopy, we reveal a complex picture of electronic transport at weakly conductive 109° domain walls in bismuth ferrite films. Even once initial ferroelectric stripe domains are changed/erased, persistent conductive paths signal the original domain wall position. The conduction at such... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0235-z | When conducting domain walls are moved by applied electric fields, enhanced conduction persists where the domain walls were before the field-induced movement |
10.1063/1.5122954 | 122,743,500 | Ferroelectric materials exhibit the largest dielectric permittivities and piezoelectric responses in nature, making them invaluable in applications from supercapacitors or sensors to actuators or electromechanical transducers. The origin of this behavior is their proximity to phase transitions. However, the largest pos... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0235-z | The denomination ‘transitional’ comes from the observation of a gradual change of structure from tetragonal symmetry at the top of a thick film to orthorhombic symmetry at the bottom |
10.1126/science.283.5404.971 | 20,756,586 | Long, continuous, marine sediment records from the subpolar North Atlantic document the glacial modulation of regional climate instability throughout the past 0.5 million years. Whenever ice sheet size surpasses a critical threshold indicated by the benthic oxygen isotope (δ 18 O) value of 3.5 per mil during each of th... | 10.1038/s43017-020-00106-y | Provides evidence for millennial-scale climatic variability in the North Atlantic over the past 500,000 years and, particularly, during intermediate glacial states |
10.1002/palo.20042 | 80,042,384 | Dansgaard‐Oeschger (D‐O) cycles are the most dramatic, frequent, and wide‐reaching abrupt climate changes in the geologic record. On Greenland, D‐O cycles are characterized by an abrupt warming of 10 ± 5°C from a cold stadial to a warm interstadial phase, followed by gradual cooling before a rapid return to stadial con... | 10.1038/s43017-020-00106-y | Presents observational evidence for the expression of D–O variability in the Nordic Seas, highlighting the possibility of the occurrence of convective overturning events |
10.1073/pnas.1104772108 | 41,688,053 | Episodic iceberg-discharge events from the Hudson Strait Ice Stream (HSIS) of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, referred to as Heinrich events, are commonly attributed to internal ice-sheet instabilities, but their systematic occurrence at the culmination of a large reduction in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-00106-y | Provides evidence for subsurface warming in the North Atlantic during stadials and suggests that this warming led to a destabilization of the LIS |
10.1029/93pa02200 | 81,029,997 | Ice‐rafted debris in sediment cores from the North Atlantic suggests that the Laurentide ice sheet (LIS) periodically disgorged icebergs in brief but violent episodes which occurred approximately every 7,000 years. Here, I propose that Heinrich events (i.e., what these episodes are called) were caused by free oscillati... | 10.1038/s43017-020-00106-y | Suggests that Heinrich events are due to growth–purge oscillations of the LIS |
10.1126/science.1225942 | 41,774,732 | Movers and Shakers We tend to view earthquakes as unpredictable phenomena caused by naturally shifting stresses in Earth's crust. In reality, however, a range of human activity can also induce earthquakes. Ellsworth (p. 10.1126/science.1225942 ) reviews the current understanding of the causes and mechanics of earthquak... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0049-7 | Foundational paper on the rise of injection-induced earthquakes in the central USA and key mechanism of triggering-induced seismicity |
10.1126/science.aag2583 | 83,105,930 | Triggered quakes get unconventional The big earthquakes induced by human activity are mostly linked with disposal of wastewater. However, Bao and Eaton implicate hydraulic fracturing (or fracking) as the culprit in western Canada (see the Perspective by Elsworth). Fracking near Fox Creek, Alberta, reactivated faults, c... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0049-7 | First detailed analysis of HF-triggered seismicity, linking HF operations to several distinct clusters of seismicity and showing evidence of both pore pressure and stress perturbation activating pre-existing faults |
10.1126/sciadv.aav7172 | 83,112,283 | Models for hydraulic fracturing–induced earthquakes in shales typically ascribe fault activation to elevated pore pressure or increased shear stress; however, these mechanisms are incompatible with experiments and rate-state frictional models, which predict stable sliding (aseismic slip) on faults that penetrate rocks ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0049-7 | High-resolution analysis of HF-triggered seismicity showing events triggered at a depth 100s of metres above the injection zone, with evidence of aseismic slip and long-lived seismicity after the completion of injection |
10.1126/science.aao0159 | 45,492,146 | Seismicity curbed by lowering volume Determining why hydraulic fracturing (also known as fracking) triggered earthquakes in the Duvernay Formation in Canada is important for future hazard mitigation. Schultz et al. found that injection volume was the key operational parameter correlated with induced earthquakes in the ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0049-7 | Canadian case studies showing that seismic productivity scales linearly with injection volume and using a modified framework for induced seismicity forecasting relying on the seismogenic index |
10.1002/2016jb012818 | 39,888,541 | Abstract A major question for the hazard posed by injection‐induced seismicity is how large induced earthquakes can be. Are their maximum magnitudes determined by injection parameters or by tectonics? Deterministic limits on induced earthquake magnitudes have been proposed based on the size of the reservoir or the volu... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0049-7 | Seminal paper on relationships between injected fluid volume, seismogenic index b -value and maximum observed magnitude; maximum induced earthquake magnitudes are consistent with Gutenberg–Richter sampling statistics |
10.1126/science.aax1878 | 124,210,290 | The Pohang quake shows the need for new methods to assess and manage evolving risk | 10.1038/s43017-020-0049-7 | Learnings from the Pohang EGS project show that induced earthquake magnitudes are not limited by injection volume and that the largest earthquake was a runaway earthquake; highlights need to consider risk, not just hazard |
10.1002/anie.202012678 | 82,278,358 | Abstract An unprecedented catalytic asymmetric allylation of isatins and isatin‐derived ketimines is reported enabled by a gold and chiral organocatalyst cooperative catalysis strategy. This method offers expeditious access to chiral 2,5‐disubsituted alkylideneoxazolines containing vicinal stereogenic centers, mainly i... | 10.1038/s44160-022-00049-w | This paper reports the application of gold/organo cooperative catalysis in the asymmetric allylation reaction |
10.1002/anie.201205449 | 20,453,650 | Abstract Charged intermediates and reagents are ubiquitous in organic transformations. The interaction of these ionic species with chiral neutral, anionic, or cationic small molecules has emerged as a powerful strategy for catalytic, enantioselective synthesis. This review describes developments in the burgeoning field... | 10.1038/s44160-022-00049-w | This review article presents the developments in the field of asymmetric ion-pairing catalysis that contribute to high asymmetric induction |
10.1016/j.jalz.2018.02.018 | 20,855,358 | Abstract In 2011, the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association created separate diagnostic recommendations for the preclinical, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease. Scientific progress in the interim led to an initiative by the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's... | 10.1038/s43587-022-00232-w | This paper reports the National Institute of Aging-Alzheimer’s Association biological Alzheimer’s disease research framework |
10.1038/s41467-021-22884-9 | 103,509,108 | Abstract 1.5 °C scenarios reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) rely on combinations of controversial negative emissions and unprecedented technological change, while assuming continued growth in gross domestic product (GDP). Thus far, the integrated assessment modelling community and the IPC... | 10.1038/s43016-022-00514-x | In this paper, the authors quantitatively model degrowth scenarios for the energy system |
10.5194/gmd-12-1299-2019 | 61,968,178 | Abstract. The open-source modeling framework MAgPIE (Model of Agricultural Production and its Impact on the Environment) combines economic and biophysical approaches to simulate spatially explicit global scenarios of land use within the 21st century and the respective interactions with the environment. Besides various ... | 10.1038/s43016-022-00514-x | This paper describes the food system modelling framework used in our analysis |
10.1002/wcc.677 | 81,428,290 | Abstract Should economic growth continue in a world threatened by the prospect of catastrophic climate change? The scientific and public debate has brought forth a broad spectrum of views and narratives on this question, ranging from neoclassical economics to degrowth. We argue that different positions can be attribute... | 10.1038/s43016-022-00514-x | A review that compares and aims to reconcile degrowth and neoclassical economic approaches |
10.1038/ncomms15448 | 104,250,109 | Abstract Information processing in the brain takes place in a network of neurons that are connected with each other by an immense number of synapses. At the same time, neurons are immersed in a common electrochemical environment, and global parameters such as concentrations of various hormones regulate the overall netw... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article is the first demonstration of electrolyte-gated neuromorphic devices with global connectivity |
10.1038/s41467-020-17547-0 | 41,576,697 | Abstract Ions are ubiquitous biological regulators playing a key role for vital processes in animals and plants. The combined detection of ion concentration and real-time monitoring of small variations with respect to the resting conditions is a multiscale functionality providing important information on health states.... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article is the first demonstration of local detection and amplification with an iontronic integrated amplifier for multifunctional bioelectronics |
10.1038/s41467-018-05235-z | 82,809,308 | Abstract Label-free single-molecule detection has been achieved so far by funnelling a large number of ligands into a sequence of single-binding events with few recognition elements host on nanometric transducers. Such approaches are inherently unable to sense a cue in a bulk milieu. Conceptualizing cells’ ability to s... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article is the first demonstration of single-molecule detection with a millimetre-sized EGT |
10.1039/c9mh01544b | 62,224,810 | A systematic comparison between electrochemical and organic bioelectronic sensors reveals a unified rational description for a transistor amplified detection. | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article provides a critical review of organic bioelectronic sensors operating in potentiometric and amperometric mode |
10.1126/sciadv.1400251 | 83,418,473 | Despite recent interest in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), sparked by their straightforward fabrication and high performance, the fundamental mechanism behind their operation remains largely unexplored. OECTs use an electrolyte in direct contact with a polymer channel as part of their device structure. Hen... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article is the first demonstration of bioelectronics exploiting the volumetric ionic–electronic charge interaction |
10.1126/sciadv.aat4253 | 104,357,213 | Advances in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture materials and techniques, which more accurately mimic in vivo systems to study biological phenomena, have fostered the development of organ and tissue models. While sophisticated 3D tissues can be generated, technology that can accurately assess the functionality of these... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article demonstrates a new route to three-dimensional bioelectronics with EGTs |
10.1126/science.aao0098 | 62,660,808 | The distributed network of receptors, neurons, and synapses in the somatosensory system efficiently processes complex tactile information. We used flexible organic electronics to mimic the functions of a sensory nerve. Our artificial afferent nerve collects pressure information (1 to 80 kilopascals) from clusters of pr... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00065-8 | This article is the first demonstration of an artificial afferent nerve with EGTs |
10.1073/pnas.2011048118 | 42,620,907 | Recent dramatic and deadly increases in global wildfire activity have increased attention on the causes of wildfires, their consequences, and how risk from wildfire might be mitigated. Here we bring together data on the changing risk and societal burden of wildfire in the United States. We estimate that nearly 50 milli... | 10.1038/s41893-022-00958-w | This paper finds that wildfire smoke has contributed nearly 25% of the particulate matter across the USA in recent decades and up to 50% in the Western US states. |
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