source_doi stringlengths 13 57 | source_mag_paper_id int64 490k 157M | source_abstract stringlengths 8 10.7k | target_doi stringlengths 14 27 | target_summary stringlengths 42 889 |
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10.1126/sciadv.aax1157 | 62,579,333 | Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous, and considerable quantities prevail even in the Arctic; however, there are large knowledge gaps regarding pathways to the North. To assess whether atmospheric transport plays a role, we analyzed snow samples from ice floes in Fram Strait. For comparison, we investigated snow samples ... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00292-x | This comprehensive study presents MP particle quantitative characterization in snow deposited on Arctic ice floes and remote areas in Europe |
10.1073/pnas.1300262110 | 81,395,851 | The production, size, and chemical composition of sea spray aerosol (SSA) particles strongly depend on seawater chemistry, which is controlled by physical, chemical, and biological processes. Despite decades of studies in marine environments, a direct relationship has yet to be established between ocean biology and the... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00292-x | This is an assessment of ocean sea spray aerosols within a laboratory setting to unravel the complexity of chemical conentrations, flux and exchange |
10.1186/s43591-021-00006-y | 83,990,802 | Abstract Over the last several years there has been an increase in studies reporting the presence of microplastic particles (MPs) in both indoor and outdoor air. Data reported reflect a variety of different types of air samples, which have helped to demonstrate the ubiquity of MPs in the atmosphere and their potential ... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00292-x | This is an assessment and comparison of field and laboratory methodologies of atmospheric MP research, considering blanks, sample contamination, preparation and analysis protocols |
10.5194/amt-13-4353-2020 | 45,470,184 | Abstract. Aerosol particles are essential constituents of the Earth's atmosphere, impacting the earth radiation balance directly by scattering and absorbing solar radiation, and indirectly by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. In contrast to most greenhouse gases, aerosol particles have short atmospheric residence ti... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00292-x | This paper presents GAW programme research, with a comprehensive global assessment and representation of aerosol properties |
10.1029/93gb00375 | 29,148,196 | A seven‐component upper ocean ecosystem model of nitrogen cycling calibrated with observations at Bermuda Station “S” has been coupled to a three‐dimensional seasonal general circulation model (GCM) of the North Atlantic ocean. The aim of this project is to improve our understanding of the role of upper ocean biologica... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00154-2 | This regional model of the North Atlantic is probably the first true OBM, that is, an ocean circulation model with explicit representation of plankton dynamics. |
10.1029/93gb01355 | 124,614,823 | A state‐of‐the‐art report is given of the Hamburg model of the oceanic carbon cycle. The model advects geochemical tracers important to the carbon cycle by the currents of a general circulation model. The geochemical cycling is driven by a Michaelis‐Menten type production kinetics. The model is an extension of the Baca... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00154-2 | This seminal paper describes one of the first marine biogeochemical models of the global ocean. |
10.1126/science.1138544 | 62,222,847 | A marine ecosystem model seeded with many phytoplankton types, whose physiological traits were randomly assigned from ranges defined by field and laboratory data, generated an emergent community structure and biogeography consistent with observed global phytoplankton distributions. The modeled organisms included types ... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00154-2 | This paper is the first to explore competition among a large number of phytoplankton groups within a global ocean model. |
10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095138 | 104,378,883 | Aquatic environments experiencing low-oxygen conditions have been described as hypoxic, suboxic, or anoxic zones; oxygen minimum zones; and, in the popular media, the misnomer “dead zones.” This review aims to elucidate important aspects underlying oxygen depletion in diverse coastal systems and provides a synthesis of... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00154-2 | This review of coastal hypoxia puts forward a simple non-dimensional number to elucidate key factors controlling hypoxia in diverse coastal systems. |
10.3847/1538-4365/aae5d2 | 103,743,526 | Abstract To date, 204 individual molecular species, comprised of 16 different elements, have been detected in the interstellar and circumstellar medium by astronomical observations. These molecules range in size from 2 atoms to 70, and have been detected across the electromagnetic spectrum from centimeter wavelengths t... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0198-0 | This work presents an overview of all known interstellar molecules, providing statistics on ions in relation to other types of species |
10.1063/1.449127 | 105,378,423 | The first infrared spectra of protonated hydrogen clusters in the gas phase have been observed. Predissociation spectra were taken with a tandem mass spectrometer: mass selected hydrogen cluster ions were irradiated inside a rf ion trap by a tunable infrared laser, and the fragment ions created by photodissociation of ... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0198-0 | This study demonstrates action spectroscopy using predissociation in an ion trap |
10.1063/1.1634254 | 103,233,242 | A novel experimental technique is described in which radiation from a free electron laser is used to measure infrared spectra of gas-phase cluster ions via vibrational predissociation of the corresponding ion–messenger atom complexes. The weakly bound complexes are formed in a temperature-controllable, radio frequency ... | 10.1038/s42254-020-0198-0 | This study reports the tagging of cations with He in an ion trap |
10.1126/science.271.5250.795 | 103,649,366 | Single molecules of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) were stretched with force-measuring laser tweezers. Under a longitudinal stress of ∼65 piconewtons (pN), dsDNA molecules in aqueous buffer undergo a highly cooperative transition into a stable form with 5.8 angstroms rise per base pair, that is, 70% longer than B-form dsD... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00021-6 | This study reveals that DNA undergoes an overstretching transition at around 65 pN, a feature that has been commonly exploited in numerous subsequent studies |
10.1126/science.1207598 | 83,469,284 | A multidimensional folding pathway can be observed online in single-molecule experiments. | 10.1038/s43586-021-00021-6 | This study makes direct observations of conformational folding transitions of single calmodulin molecules using dynamic force spectroscopy |
10.1073/pnas.0806085105 | 38,441,504 | Dynamic force spectroscopy probes the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of single molecules and molecular assemblies. Here, we propose a simple procedure to extract kinetic information from such experiments. The cornerstone of our method is a transformation of the rupture-force histograms obtained at different force... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00021-6 | This study provides the theoretical framework for dynamic force spectroscopy studies by mapping rupture force histograms from constant loading-rate experiments to force-dependent lifetimes in constant-force experiments |
10.1126/science.1235441 | 45,515,400 | In cells, RNA polymerase (RNAP) must transcribe supercoiled DNA, whose torsional state is constantly changing, but how RNAP deals with DNA supercoiling remains elusive. We report direct measurements of individual Escherichia coli RNAPs as they transcribed supercoiled DNA. We found that a resisting torque slowed RNAP an... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00021-6 | This study presents the measurement of the torque generated by RNA polymerase during transcription, and is the first application of the angular optical trap to study a motor protein |
10.1126/science.1071152 | 124,209,829 | Recent advances in statistical mechanical theory can be used to solve a fundamental problem in experimental thermodynamics. In 1997, Jarzynski proved an equality relating the irreversible work to the equilibrium free energy difference, Δ G . This remarkable theoretical result states that it is possible to obtain equili... | 10.1038/s43586-021-00021-6 | This study demonstrates the mechanical unfolding and refolding of RNA and is the first experimental validation of Jarzynski’s equality, which relates irreversible work to equilibrium free energy difference |
10.1126/science.aba2412 | 83,468,113 | Although perovskite solar cells have produced remarkable energy conversion efficiencies, they cannot become commercially viable without improvements in durability. We used gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to reveal signature volatile products of the decomposition of organic hybrid perovskites under thermal ... | 10.1038/s43246-022-00281-z | GC-MS identified signature volatile products of the thermal decomposition of organic hybrid perovskites and a simple low-cost pressure-tight encapsulation enables PSCs to pass IEC tests |
10.1126/science.aba1628 | 103,792,527 | Longevity has been a long-standing concern for hybrid perovskite photovoltaics. We demonstrate high-resilience positive-intrinsic-negative perovskite solar cells by incorporating a piperidinium-based ionic compound into the formamidinium-cesium lead-trihalide perovskite absorber. With the bandgap tuned to be well suite... | 10.1038/s43246-022-00281-z | A p-i-n inverted planar PSC utilizing the BMPBF 4 additive for suppressing deep trap states, the thermally stable HTL polyTPD, and Cr-modified Au electrode to achieve 1200 h stability under full sunlight at 85 °C |
10.1126/science.abf5602 | 122,996,078 | Iodine-terminated self-assembled monolayer (I-SAM) was used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) to achieve a 50% increase of adhesion toughness at the interface between the electron transport layer (ETL) and the halide perovskite thin film to enhance mechanical reliability. Treatment with I-SAM also increased the power co... | 10.1038/s43246-022-00281-z | The importance of interface on PSCs’ stability was emphasized and an I-terminated self-assembly monolayer method was proposed |
10.1126/science.aau5701 | 41,655,117 | The components with soft nature in the metal halide perovskite absorber usually generate lead (Pb) 0 and iodine (I) 0 defects during device fabrication and operation. These defects serve as not only recombination centers to deteriorate device efficiency but also degradation initiators to hamper device lifetimes. We sho... | 10.1038/s43246-022-00281-z | Eu 3+ -Eu 2+ can shuttle electrons and recover lead and iodine ions to suppress the formation of defects in PSCs under aging conditions |
10.1002/solr.202100527 | 134,498,488 | One of the key challenges of perovskite photovoltaics (PV) is the long‐term stability. Although efforts are made to improve the lifetime of perovskite PV devices, their degradation under reverse‐bias conditions is barely addressed. Herein, perovskite solar cells with carbon‐based electrodes are presented which demonstr... | 10.1038/s43246-022-00281-z | The first report on passing the IEC hot-spot test for PSCs, exhibiting the inherent stability of the triple mesoscopic device structure |
10.1098/rstb.2013.0122 | 20,841,177 | Although it is well established that soils are the dominating source for atmospheric nitrous oxide (N 2 O), we are still struggling to fully understand the complexity of the underlying microbial production and consumption processes and the links to biotic (e.g. inter- and intraspecies competition, food webs, plant–micr... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | An overview of the current state of knowledge, level of process understanding and new research advances related to soil N 2 O fluxes |
10.1073/pnas.1702902114 | 81,644,061 | Permafrost in the Arctic is thawing, exposing large carbon and nitrogen stocks for decomposition. Gaseous carbon release from Arctic soils due to permafrost thawing is known to be substantial, but growing evidence suggests that Arctic soils may also be relevant sources of nitrous oxide (N 2 O). Here we show that N 2 O ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | Showed a direct release of N 2 O from thawing permafrost peatland mesocosms for the first time |
10.1111/gcb.13069 | 122,986,554 | Abstract Release of greenhouse gases from thawing permafrost is potentially the largest terrestrial feedback to climate change and one of the most likely to occur; however, estimates of its strength vary by a factor of thirty. Some of this uncertainty stems from abrupt thaw processes known as thermokarst (permafrost co... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | Observation of elevated N 2 O concentrations in thermokarst erosion features |
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02663.x | 124,461,737 | Abstract Many of the world's northern peatlands are underlain by rapidly thawing permafrost. Because plant production in these peatlands is often nitrogen ( N )‐limited, a release of N stored in permafrost may stimulate net primary production or change species composition if it is plant‐available. In this study, we aim... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | Showed high mineralization rates and biologically relevant release of mineral nitrogen from thawing permafrost peat |
10.1002/2015gb005370 | 103,179,398 | Abstract Recent field studies have shown that there are habitats in the subarctic tundra emitting N 2 O at exceptionally high rates. In this study, stable isotope techniques were applied to characterize the processes responsible for these high N 2 O emissions which have been found from bare peat surfaces in permafrost ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | Identified mechanisms governing high emissions in Arctic N 2 O hotspots using stable isotopes |
10.1038/s41467-018-03540-1 | 124,599,710 | Abstract Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a powerful greenhouse gas and the main driver of stratospheric ozone depletion. Since soils are the largest source of N 2 O, predicting soil response to changes in climate or land use is central to understanding and managing N 2 O. Here we find that N 2 O flux can be predicted by model... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | A global field survey identifying the main drivers of N 2 O emissions in (non-permafrost) soils |
10.5194/acp-19-4257-2019 | 101,198,432 | Abstract. The microbial by-product nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas and ozone depleting substance, has conventionally been assumed to have minimal emissions in permafrost regions. This assumption has been questioned by recent in situ studies which have demonstrated that some geologic features in permafrost ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0063-9 | The first study reporting N 2 O emissions at the landscape scale over Arctic Alaska using an airborne eddy covariance system |
10.1029/jb089ib07p05953 | 83,103,705 | A method is presented for the inversion of waveform data for the three‐dimensional distribution of seismic wave velocities. The method is applied to data from the global digital networks (International Deployment of Accelerometers, Global Digital Seismograph Network); the selected data set consists of some 2000 seismog... | 10.1038/s43017-019-0003-8 | The first application of global waveform tomography in earthquake seismology using mantle waves |
10.1111/j.1365-2478.1990.tb01846.x | 29,219,265 | A bstract Frequency‐domain methods are well suited to the imaging of wide‐aperture cross‐hole data. However, although the combination of the frequency domain with the wavenumber domain has facilitated the development of rapid algorithms, such as diffraction tomography, this has also required linearization with respect ... | 10.1038/s43017-019-0003-8 | Successful application of frequency-domain waveform inversion using crosshole transmitted waves |
10.1029/96jb01306 | 18,200,222 | We present a three‐dimensional shear velocity model of the whole mantle developed using S H waveform data. The model is expressed horizontally in terms of spherical harmonics up to degree 12, and vertically in terms of Legendre polynomials up to degrees 5 and 7 in the upper and lower mantle, respectively. What distingu... | 10.1038/s43017-019-0003-8 | Construction of a global shear wave speed model based on NACT |
10.1126/science.1241335 | 57,949,030 | We constructed a three-dimensional azimuthally anisotropic model of Europe and the North Atlantic Ocean based on adjoint seismic tomography. Several features are well correlated with historical tectonic events in this region, such as extension along the North Atlantic Ridge, trench retreat in the Mediterranean, and cou... | 10.1038/s43017-019-0003-8 | Continental-scale horizontal transverse isotropy FWI of the European crust and upper mantle |
10.1126/science.1171245 | 20,674,691 | Growing Graphene The highest quality graphene samples, single-atom-thick layers of carbon, are suspended flakes exfoliated from graphite, but these samples are very small in size (square micrometers). For many electronics applications, larger areas are needed. Li et al. (p. 1312 , published online 7 May) show that grap... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00005-y | This paper is the first report of large-area monolayer graphene films via CVD |
10.1002/adem.201700622 | 102,893,388 | Advances in device technology have been accompanied by the development of new types of materials and device fabrication methods. Considering device design, initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) inspires innovation as a platform technology that extends the application range of a material or device. iCVD serves as a... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00005-y | This review article highlights the synthesis of polymers via an advanced CVD method |
10.1126/sciadv.aat5780 | 20,607,614 | Air-stable, lightweight, and electrically conductive polymers are highly desired as the electrodes for next-generation electronic devices. However, the low electrical conductivity and low carrier mobility of polymers are the key bottlenecks that limit their adoption. We demonstrate that the key to addressing these limi... | 10.1038/s43586-020-00005-y | This paper shows that the electrical conductivity and carrier mobility of a mechanically flexible CVD organic polymer thin film reaches the levels found in mechanical brittle ITO |
10.1126/science.1135941 | 125,285,885 | The slow rate of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is the main limitation for automotive applications. We demonstrated that the Pt 3 Ni(111) surface is 10-fold more active for the ORR than the corresponding Pt(111) surface and 90-fold more active than the current ... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0304-9 | An experimental and theoretical study on the catalytic activity of different lattice planes of Pt 3 Ni, suggesting that the Pt 3 Ni(111) surface is more active than Pt(111) because of an unusual d-band centre position |
10.1002/adma.201706758 | 62,624,320 | Abstract Due to the Fenton reaction, the presence of Fe and peroxide in electrodes generates free radicals causing serious degradation of the organic ionomer and the membrane. Pt‐free and Fe‐free cathode catalysts therefore are urgently needed for durable and inexpensive proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). He... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0304-9 | An atomically dispersed and nitrogen-coordinated Co site catalyst derived from Co-doped ZIF-8 demonstrated promising performance in PEMFCs |
10.1002/adma.201807615 | 107,289,084 | Abstract In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the development of platinum group metal‐free (PGM‐free) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. At the same time the limited durability of these catalysts remains a great challenge that needs to be addre... | 10.1038/s41929-019-0304-9 | A short summary of stability challenges of current PGM-free cathode catalysts in PEMFCs and possible solutions to address them |
10.5194/tc-2020-59 | 104,396,160 | Abstract. Antarctic geothermal heat flow (GHF) affects the temperature of the ice sheet, determining its ability to slide and internally deform, as well as the behaviour of the continental crust. However, GHF remains poorly constrained, with few and sparse local, borehole-derived estimates, and large discrepancies in t... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00348-y | Review of geothermal heat flow ( GHF) in Antarctica of broad scope that includes glaciological, geophysical, geological and marine geoscience approaches |
10.1017/jog.2021.38 | 135,672,519 | Abstract In this study, we explore small-scale (~1 to 20 km) thermal-refractive effects on basal geothermal heat flux (BGHF) at subglacial boundaries resulting from lateral thermal conductivity contrasts associated with subglacial topography and geologic contacts. We construct a series of two-dimensional, conductive, s... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00348-y | An exploration of GHF anomalies owing to refraction of heat associated with subglacial topography and contrasts in the thermal properties of geological materials |
10.3390/ph14090875 | 132,592,026 | Presented are the results of 99mTc and 101Tc production via neutron irradiation of natural isotopic molybdenum (Mo) with epithermal/resonance neutrons. Neutrons were produced using a deuterium-deuterium (D-D) neutron generator with an output of 2 × 1010 n/s. The separation of Tc from an irradiated source of bulk, low-s... | 10.1038/s42004-022-00746-9 | Work from our group on fusion-based production of Tc-101 and its isolation and its proposed use as a medical radioisotope, which served as the motivation behind this review |
10.1139/cjp-2014-0558 | 99,970,811 | A systematic study of the evolution of the nuclear structure (at low and medium energies) of odd-A 95–103 Tc isotopes is presented. These changes are indeed affected predominantly by changes in deformation and subsequently the position of the Fermi level. Hence a complete study of previously observed positive and negat... | 10.1038/s42004-022-00746-9 | Decription of nuclear structure shape and systematic change across odd-A Tc isotopes, which gives context to the Tc-101 nucleus and how it compares with other odd-A Tc isotopes |
10.1515/ract-2020-0052 | 81,890,578 | Abstract The formation of carbonyl complexes using atom-at-a-time quantities of short-lived transition metals from fusion and fission reactions was reported in 2012. Numerous studies focussing on this chemical system, which is also applicable for the superheavy elements followed. We report on a novel two-chamber approa... | 10.1038/s42004-022-00746-9 | Report on the use of volatilization as a separation pathway for recovery of Mo-101 / Tc-101 fission fragments from a thermalized fission source |
10.1038/s41467-020-16316-3 | 124,078,163 | Abstract Understanding the circumstances of the undeclared 2017 nuclear release of ruthenium that led to widespread detections of the radioisotope 106 Ru in the Eurasian region, and whether it derives from a civilian or military source, is of major importance for society and future improvements in nuclear safety. Until... | 10.1038/s42004-022-00746-9 | Reports the use of Ru-101 in context with the A = 101 isobar for identifying origins of material from an undeclared atmospheric release |
10.3322/caac.21572 | 103,845,394 | Abstract Mesothelioma affects mostly older individuals who have been occupationally exposed to asbestos. The global mesothelioma incidence and mortality rates are unknown, because data are not available from developing countries that continue to use large amounts of asbestos. The incidence rate of mesothelioma has decr... | 10.1038/s41598-023-27625-0 | Epub 2019 Jul 8, Erratum in: CA Cancer J Clin. 2020; 70: 313-314 |
10.1038/s41467-021-26674-1 | 133,997,028 | Abstract Rare genetic diseases are typically caused by a single gene defect. Despite this clear causal relationship between genotype and phenotype, identifying the pathobiological mechanisms at various levels of biological organization remains a practical and conceptual challenge. Here, we introduce a network approach ... | 10.1038/s43588-022-00203-6 | This paper showed how network analyses and visualizations can be used to study rare diseases |
10.1038/s41467-021-22570-w | 84,032,571 | Abstract Networks provide a powerful representation of interacting components within complex systems, making them ideal for visually and analytically exploring big data. However, the size and complexity of many networks render static visualizations on typically-sized paper or screens impractical, resulting in proverbia... | 10.1038/s43588-022-00203-6 | This paper introduced a VR platform for visualizing and exploring large networks |
10.1002/adma.201707476 | 38,363,004 | Abstract Solid‐state electrolytes are the key to the development of lithium‐based batteries with dramatically improved energy density and safety. Inspired by ionic channels in biological systems, a novel class of pseudo solid‐state electrolytes with biomimetic ionic channels is reported herein. This is achieved by comp... | 10.1038/s42004-019-0184-6 | Electrolyte anions are coordinated to the MOF structure to create ion channels with high lithium-ion conductivities |
10.1002/anie.201712872 | 18,887,955 | Abstract We report a new method to promote the conductivities of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) by 5 to 7 magnitudes, thus their potential in electrochemical applications can be fully revealed. This method combines the polarity and porosity advantages of MOFs with the conductive feature of conductive polymers, in this... | 10.1038/s42004-019-0184-6 | This paper demonstrated porosity and pore geometry within MOFs direct ion diffusion in lithium-sulfur batteries |
10.3390/proceedings2019033008 | 22,531,040 | As key building blocks for modern data processing and analysis methods—ranging from AI, ML and UQ to model comparison, density estimation and parameter estimation—Bayesian inference and entropic concepts are in the center of this rapidly growing research area. [...] | 10.1038/s43586-022-00121-x | Nested sampling was first presented at MAXENT 2004 and appeared in these subsequent proceedings |
10.1093/mnras/staa2345 | 37,958,590 | ABSTRACT Nested sampling (NS) is an invaluable tool in data analysis in modern astrophysics, cosmology, gravitational wave astronomy, and particle physics. We identify a previously unused property of NS related to order statistics: the insertion indexes of new live points into the existing live points should be uniform... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00121-x | This work identifies a previously unused property of nested sampling and shows how it can be used to test individual nested sampling runs |
10.1093/mnrasl/slv047 | 20,681,630 | Abstract polychord is a novel nested sampling algorithm tailored for high-dimensional parameter spaces. In addition, it can fully exploit a hierarchy of parameter speeds such as is found in cosmomc and camb. It utilizes slice sampling at each iteration to sample within the hard likelihood constraint of nested sampling.... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00121-x | This work opens up high-dimensional problems with slice-sampling implementation of nested sampling |
10.1177/1466138108099586 | 20,810,943 | Today, ethnographers and qualitative researchers in fields such as urban poverty, immigration, and social inequality face an environment in which their work will be read, cited, and assessed by demographers, quantitative sociologists, and even economists. They also face a demand for case studies of poor, minority, or i... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00150-6 | This article convincingly demonstrates how the logic of qualitative research differs from quantitative research and its goal of representativeness. |
10.1177/1468794120975657 | 13,831,869 | Conceiving of interviews as relationships of knowledge creation involving a researcher and a research participant, we engage with the ethical implications of the unpredictabilities of this relationship when conducting research in conflict and post-conflict contexts. Through a conservative application of the precautiona... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00150-6 | This article highlights how interviews need to be considered as ethically unpredictable moments where engaging with change among participants can itself be ethical. |
10.1177/08912432211046303 | 134,514,735 | While we know that career interruptions shape men’s and women’s professional trajectories, we know less about how job loss may matter for this process. Drawing on interviews with unemployed, college-educated men and women in professional occupations, I show that while both men and women interpret their job loss as due ... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00150-6 | This article used interview data from unemployed men and women to illuminate how job loss becomes a pivotal moment shaping men’s and women’s orientation to paid work, especially in terms of curtailing women’s participation in paid work. |
10.1177/0038040715591285 | 118,383,792 | Racially diverse schools are often presented as places where students can learn to challenge racist discourse and practice. Yet there are a variety of processes through which such schools reproduce the very hierarchies they are meant to dismantle. Drawing on 18 months of fieldwork in two racially diverse South African ... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00150-6 | This article leverages deviant cases in an interview study with South African high schoolers to understand why the majority of participants were reluctant to code racially charged incidents at school as racist. |
10.1155/2012/491604 | 61,937,119 | Complex electrochemical reactions such as Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) involving multi-electron transfer is an electrocatalytic inner-sphere electron transfer process that exhibit strong dependence on the nature of the electrode surface. This criterion (along with required stability in acidic electrolytes) has large... | 10.1038/s41929-022-00787-2 | Understanding the electron transfer mechanism in acid and alkaline environments |
10.1126/science.aag1381 | 83,536,833 | Human aging is associated with an increased frequency of somatic mutations in hematopoietic cells. Several of these recurrent mutations, including those in the gene encoding the epigenetic modifier enzyme TET2, promote expansion of the mutant blood cells. This clonal hematopoiesis correlates with an increased risk of a... | 10.1038/s44161-021-00015-3 | This study demonstrated accelerated atherosclerosis in a mouse model of Tet2 deficiency CH and implicated NLRP3 inflammasome activation as a major underlying mechanism |
10.1161/circulationaha.119.044362 | 125,299,428 | Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) refers to clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells attributable to acquired leukemic mutations in genes such as DNMT3A or TET2 . In humans, CHIP associates with prevalent myocardial infarction. In mice, CHIP accelerates atherosclerosis and increases... | 10.1038/s44161-021-00015-3 | In people with TET2 or DNMT3A clonal hematopoiesis the increased risk of atherosclerotic CVD was reversed if they also carried a genetic variant in the IL-6 receptor that reduced its function |
10.1175/2011jcli4148.1 | 98,455,375 | Abstract El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is driven by large-scale ocean–atmosphere interactions in the equatorial Pacific and is sensitive to change in the mean state. Whereas conceptual models of ENSO usually consider the depth of the thermocline to be influential on the stability of ENSO, the observed changes in ... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00199-z | Refines the theoretical framework showing intensified ocean–atmosphere coupling as the mean upper-ocean stratification increases |
10.1126/science.aax2000 | 58,814,134 | The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) shapes global climate patterns yet its sensitivity to external climate forcing remains uncertain. Modeling studies suggest that ENSO is sensitive to sulfate aerosol forcing associated with explosive volcanism but observational support for this effect remains ambiguous. Here, we u... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00199-z | Shows that proxy records reveal an insignificant tendency for an El Nino-like response in the year after a strong volcanic eruption, at odds with the strong tendencies found in climate models |
10.5194/cp-12-31-2016 | 124,614,694 | Abstract. Inferring climate from palaeodata frequently assumes a direct, linear relationship between the two, which is seldom met in practice. Here we simulate an idealized proxy characterized by a nonlinear, thresholded relationship with surface temperature, and we demonstrate the pitfalls of ignoring nonlinearities i... | 10.1038/s43017-021-00199-z | Demonstrates the pitfalls of ignoring nonlinearities in the proxy–climate relationship, which often exaggerates climate variability changes inferred by proxies and leads to reconstructions with poorly quantified uncertainties |
10.1126/science.1238409 | 81,253,749 | Noninvasive studies of human brain function hold great potential to unlock mysteries of the human mind. The complexity of data generated by such studies, however, has prompted various simplifying assumptions during analysis. Although this has enabled considerable progress, our current understanding is partly contingent... | 10.1038/s43588-023-00423-4 | A review article that presents the properties and complexity of functional neuroimaging data. |
10.1038/sdata.2016.92 | 124,724,017 | Abstract Here we present an update of the studyforrest ( http://studyforrest.org ) dataset that complements the previously released functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data for natural language processing with a new two-hour 3 Tesla fMRI acquisition while 15 of the original participants were shown an audio-vis... | 10.1038/s43588-023-00423-4 | This paper describes one of the data sets used in our study. |
10.1126/science.1120411 | 104,420,153 | Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been designed and successfully synthesized by condensation reactions of phenyl diboronic acid {C 6 H 4 [B(OH) 2 ] 2 } and hexahydroxytriphenylene [C 18 H 6 (OH) 6 ]. Powder x-ray diffraction studies of the highly crystalline products (C 3 H 2 BO) 6 ·(C 9 H 12 ) 1 (COF-1) and C 9 ... | 10.1038/s44160-023-00241-6 | This paper expands the scope of reticular chemistry by introducing covalent organic frameworks. |
10.1002/anie.201913055 | 83,296,289 | Abstract Tiara[5]arenes (T[5]s), a new class of five‐fold symmetric oligophenolic macrocycles that are not accessible from the addition of formaldehyde to phenol, were synthesized for the first time. These pillar[5]arene‐derived structures display both unique conformational freedom, differing from that of pillararenes,... | 10.1038/s44160-023-00241-6 | This paper reports the design and synthesis of the desymmetrized macrocyclic precursor for COP-1. |
10.1073/pnas.84.1.136 | 102,486,949 | When primary mouse mammary epithelial cells are cultured on plastic, they rapidly lose their ability to synthesize and secrete most milk proteins even in the presence of lactogenic hormones, whereas cells cultured on released type I collagen gels show greatly enhanced mRNA levels and secretion rates of beta-casein and ... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00174-y | This work demonstrates that Matrigel could support in vitro 3D culture and cell functions. |
10.1038/s41467-019-11867-6 | 62,627,035 | Abstract Lung cancer shows substantial genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity across individuals, driving a need for personalised medicine. Here, we report lung cancer organoids and normal bronchial organoids established from patient tissues comprising five histological subtypes of lung cancer and non-neoplastic bronchia... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00174-y | This work establishes personalized lung cancer organoids and normal bronchial organoids from patient tissues. |
10.1126/sciadv.abl3674 | 136,304,676 | Chordomas are rare tumors of notochordal origin, most commonly arising in the sacrum or skull base. Chordomas are considered insensitive to conventional chemotherapy, and their rarity complicates running timely and adequately powered trials to identify effective treatments. Therefore, there is a need for discovery of n... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00174-y | This publication is the first showing that patient-derived tumour organoids can be established for rare, indolent cancers and maintain the original tissue’s morphological and functional profiles. |
10.1242/dev.096628 | 62,219,228 | In the context of a cellular therapy for diabetes, methods for pancreatic progenitor expansion and subsequent differentiation into insulin-producing beta cells would be extremely valuable. Here we establish three-dimensional culture conditions in Matrigel that enable the efficient expansion of dissociated mouse embryon... | 10.1038/s43586-022-00174-y | This work presents the first fetal tissue organoid culture system that recapitulates pancreas progenitor development. |
10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031247 | 82,908,466 | The growing scale and declining cost of single-cell RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) now permit a repetition of cell sampling that increases the power to detect rare cell states, reconstruct developmental trajectories, and measure phenotype in new terms such as cellular variance. The characterization of anatomy and development... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02477-4 | This study explores the conept of plant cell types and how single-cell transcriptomics strategies can be leveraged to identify and characterize them |
10.1126/science.aaf2403 | 62,604,497 | Analysis of the pattern of proteins or messengerRNAs (mRNAs) in histological tissue sections is a cornerstone in biomedical research and diagnostics. This typically involves the visualization of a few proteins or expressed genes at a time. We have devised a strategy, which we call “spatial transcriptomics,” that allows... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02477-4 | This study was one of the first to apply genome-wide spatially-resolved transcriptomics on a near-single-cell scale |
10.1101/2020.06.29.178863 | 125,289,809 | Summary Cell fate acquisition is a fundamental developmental process in all multicellular organisms. Yet, much is unknown regarding how a cell traverses the pathway from stem cell to terminal differentiation. Advances in single cell genomics 1 hold promise for unraveling developmental mechanisms 2–3 in tissues 4 , orga... | 10.1038/s42003-021-02477-4 | Shahan et al. integrated multiple RNA-seq datasets together to generate the largest single-cell dataset for Arabidopsis roots |
10.1152/ajpgi.00079.2013 | 45,550,054 | Shortcomings of previously reported preclinical models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) include inadequate methods used to induce disease and assess liver pathology. We have developed a dietary model of NASH displaying features observed clinically and methods for objectively assessing disease progression. Mice fe... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y | The authors developed the AMLN Western-diet mouse model of NASH |
10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319664 | 20,788,389 | Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing healthcare burden worldwide. We examined the role of dietary cholesterol in driving NAFLD–HCC through modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites. Design High-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC), high-fat/low-choles... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y | This study demonstrates that a low-cholesterol Western diet does not induce spontaneous NASH–HCC in C57BL/6 mice |
10.1111/iep.12240 | 85,600,157 | Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) is a common cancer worldwide and represents the outcome of the natural history of chronic liver disease. The growing rates of HCC may be partially attributable to increased numbers of people with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis ( NAS... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y | The authors developed the CDAHFD model of NASH–HCC in lean mice |
10.1111/iep.12008 | 29,250,500 | Summary Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis ( NASH ) is a progressive fibrotic disease, the pathogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. One of the most common models used in NASH research is a nutritional model where NASH is induced by feeding a diet deficient in both methionine and choline. However, the dietary met... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y | The authors developed the CDAHFD model of NASH in lean mice |
10.1152/ajpgi.90272.2008 | 38,948,569 | The aims of this study were to determine whether combining features of a western lifestyle in mice with trans fats in a high-fat diet, high-fructose corn syrup in the water, and interventions designed to promote sedentary behavior would cause the hepatic histopathological and metabolic abnormalities that characterize n... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y | The authors developed the ALIOS model of NASH in mice |
10.1096/fj.202200346r | 143,145,716 | Abstract Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) results from the accumulation of excessive liver lipids leading to hepatocellular injury, inflammation, and fibrosis that greatly increase the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the well‐characterized clinical and histological pathology for NASH‐driven HCC in ... | 10.1038/s42255-022-00700-y | This paper shows that a Western diet with sugar water can induce NASH and NASH–HCC in C57BL/6N mice |
10.1126/science.abf7136 | 133,512,727 | A passive turnoff Passive radiative cooling technology uses the infrared atmospheric window to allow outer space to be a cold sink for heat. However, this effect is one that is only helpful for energy savings in the warmer months. Wang et al . and Tang et al . used the metal-insulator transition in tungsten-doped vanad... | 10.1038/s41893-022-01030-3 | This work reports a W x V 1– x O 2 mid-IR thermochromic coating for opaque building envelopes. |
10.1038/s41467-020-19790-x | 83,110,072 | Abstract The heating and cooling energy consumption of buildings accounts for about 15% of national total energy consumption in the United States. In response to this challenge, many promising technologies with minimum carbon footprint have been proposed. However, most of the approaches are static and monofunctional, w... | 10.1038/s41893-022-01030-3 | This paper reports the energy saving capability of integrating daytime sub-ambient radiative cooling and solar heating. |
10.1073/pnas.0611508104 | 41,620,183 | Data drawn from a global compilation of studies quantitatively confirm the long-articulated contention that erosion rates from conventionally plowed agricultural fields average 1–2 orders of magnitude greater than rates of soil production, erosion under native vegetation, and long-term geological erosion. The general e... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0061-y | Provides evidence from 201 different field studies globally that the soil-erosion rates in no-till agriculture is similar to soil-production rates and can be considered as a sustainable agricultural practice |
10.1073/pnas.1116437108 | 62,642,812 | Global food demand is increasing rapidly, as are the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion. Here, we project global demand for crop production in 2050 and evaluate the environmental impacts of alternative ways that this demand might be met. We find that per capita demand for crops, when measured as caloric or... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0061-y | Found that the global crop demand of 2050 could be achieved by attaining high yields on existing croplands of underyielding nations |
10.1104/pp.116.3.1063 | 103,808,854 | Abstract Plant accumulation of Fe and other metals can be enhanced under Fe deficiency. We investigated the influence of Fe status on heavy-metal and divalent-cation uptake in roots of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Sparkle) seedlings using Cd2+ uptake as a model system. Radiotracer techniques were used to quantify unidirect... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0061-y | Provides evidence that plant accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s can be improved under iron deficiency in soil |
10.1038/ncomms13219 | 103,734,624 | Abstract The subterranean world hosts up to one-fifth of all biomass, including microbial communities that drive transformations central to Earth’s biogeochemical cycles. However, little is known about how complex microbial communities in such environments are structured, and how inter-organism interactions shape ecosy... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0061-y | Provides evidence that inter-organism interactions of soil microorganisms are significant in biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and hydrogen |
10.1111/geb.12070 | 80,778,131 | Abstract Aim While soil microorganisms play key roles in E arth's biogeochemical cycles, methodological constraints and sparse data have hampered our ability to describe and understand the global distribution of soil microbial biomass. Here, we present a comprehensive quantification of the environmental drivers of soil... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0061-y | Illustrates that soil microbial biomass is not primarily driven by soil temperature but by soil moisture and nutrients availability |
10.1099/mic.0.037143-0 | 20,717,829 | Microbes play key geoactive roles in the biosphere, particularly in the areas of element biotransformations and biogeochemical cycling, metal and mineral transformations, decomposition, bioweathering, and soil and sediment formation. All kinds of microbes, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their symbiotic associ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0061-y | Microbial transformations of metals and minerals are vital biosphere processes, with both beneficial and detrimental impacts on human society |
10.1126/science.1154622 | 61,937,080 | Time has always had a special status in physics because of its fundamental role in specifying the regularities of nature and because of the extraordinary precision with which it can be measured. This precision enables tests of fundamental physics and cosmology, as well as practical applications such as satellite naviga... | 10.1038/s42005-019-0249-y | First fundamental physics test via a frequency comb enabled optical clock comparison, to constrain possible time variations of the fine structure constant. |
10.1126/science.288.5466.635 | 125,300,948 | We stabilized the carrier-envelope phase of the pulses emitted by a femtosecond mode-locked laser by using the powerful tools of frequency-domain laser stabilization. We confirmed control of the pulse-to-pulse carrier-envelope phase using temporal cross correlation. This phase stabilization locks the absolute frequenci... | 10.1038/s42005-019-0249-y | First experimental demonstrations of full phase stabilization of Ti:sapphire modelocked lasers for realization of the first optical frequency combs. |
10.1126/science.abd8872 | 20,417,480 | Branch-point singularities known as exceptional points (EPs), which carry a nonzero topological charge, can emerge in non-Hermitian systems. We demonstrate with both theory and acoustic experiments an “exceptional nexus” (EX), which is not only a higher-order EP but also the cusp singularity of multiple exceptional arc... | 10.1038/s42254-022-00516-5 | This study experimentally verified that multiple VWNs can exist for a single higher-order EP |
10.1038/s41467-018-07105-0 | 18,424,284 | Abstract Non-Hermitian singularities are ubiquitous in non-conservative open systems. Owing to their peculiar topology, they can remotely induce observable effects when encircled by closed trajectories in the parameter space. To date, a general formalism for describing this process beyond simple cases is still lacking.... | 10.1038/s42254-022-00516-5 | A study on the permutation of non-Hermitian eigenstates when driven around EPs |
10.1093/nsr/nwac010 | 131,443,351 | Abstract Eigenstates of a non-Hermitian system exist on complex Riemannian manifolds, with multiple sheets connecting at branch cuts and exceptional points (EPs). These eigenstates can evolve across different sheets, a process that naturally corresponds to state permutation. Here, we report the first experimental reali... | 10.1038/s42254-022-00516-5 | An experimental verification of non-Abelian state permutations in a three-state non-Hermitian system |
10.1002/ieam.4071 | 61,746,492 | ABSTRACT Deep‐sea mining refers to the retrieval of marine mineral resources such as Mn nodules, FeMn crusts, and seafloor massive sulfide deposits, which contain a variety of metals that serve as crucial raw materials for a range of applications, from electronic devices to renewable energy technologies to construction... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0027-0 | A comprehensive, transdisciplinary discussion of the environmental and societal consequences and impacts of future mining of polymetallic nodules, crusts and sulfides |
10.5194/essd-14-1917-2022 | 135,643,616 | Abstract. Accurate assessment of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial biosphere in a changing climate is critical to better understand the global carbon cycle, support the development of climate policies, and project future climate change. He... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x | This work is the most recent version of the GCB, an international effort led by the Global Carbon Project to synthesize all components of the global carbon cycle |
10.1126/science.1097403 | 41,552,346 | Using inorganic carbon measurements from an international survey effort in the 1990s and a tracer-based separation technique, we estimate a global oceanic anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sink for the period from 1800 to 1994 of 118 ± 19 petagrams of carbon. The oceanic sink accounts for ∼48% of the total fossil-fu... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x | This work is the first observation-based global inventory of anthropogenic CO 2 providing a key constraint for the global anthropogenic CO 2 budget |
10.1126/science.aau5153 | 83,394,723 | We quantify the oceanic sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) over the period 1994 to 2007 by using observations from the global repeat hydrography program and contrasting them to observations from the 1990s. Using a linear regression–based method, we find a global increase in the anthropogenic CO 2 inventory o... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x | This work presents an inventory of anthropogenic CO 2 that provided a second time point describing the accumulation of anthropogenic CO 2 in the ocean based on ocean interior observations |
10.1126/science.aab2620 | 19,030,508 | Uptake uptick Has global warming slowed the uptake of atmospheric CO 2 by the Southern Ocean? Landschützer et al. say no (see the Perspective by Fletcher). Previous work suggested that the strength of the Southern Ocean carbon sink fell during the 1990s. This raised concerns that such a decline would exacerbate the ris... | 10.1038/s43017-022-00381-x | This work assesses the decadal variability of the ocean carbon sink and reveals it is driven by the extratropical latitudes in both hemispheres |
10.5194/hess-23-3117-2019 | 104,416,749 | Abstract. In low-lying coastal regions, flooding arises from oceanographic (storm surges plus tides and/or waves), fluvial (increased river discharge), and/or pluvial (direct surface run-off) sources. The adverse consequences of a flood can be disproportionately large when these different sources occur concurrently or ... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0060-z | Quantifies the compound flooding risk associated with high skew surges and high river discharge across the UK, revealing the atmospheric drivers behind compound-flooding events (multivariate event) |
10.1002/wcc.252 | 62,650,462 | Climate and weather variables such as rainfall, temperature, and pressure are indicators for hazards such as tropical cyclones, floods, and fires. The impact of these events can be due to a single variable being in an extreme state, but more often it is the result of a combination of variables not all of which are nece... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0060-z | First introduced a framework for a systematic analysis of compound events |
10.1029/2019wr024841 | 45,571,788 | Abstract Inferring the mechanisms causing river flooding is key to understanding past, present, and future flood risk. However, a quantitative spatially distributed overview of the mechanisms that drive flooding across Europe is currently unavailable. In addition, studies that classify catchments according to their flo... | 10.1038/s43017-020-0060-z | Illustrates that floods in Europe are rarely caused by rainfall extremes, but, rather, by snowmelt and by the concurrence of heavy precipitation with high antecedent soil moisture (preconditioned event) |
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