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1001.2230
Andr\'es Ace\~na
Andr\'es E. Ace\~na
Minimal data at a given point of space for solutions to certain geometric systems
26 pages, no figures
null
10.1088/0264-9381/27/15/155006
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a geometrical system of equations for a three dimensional Riemannian manifold. This system of equations has been constructed as to include several physically interesting systems of equations, such as the stationary Einstein vacuum field equations or harmonic maps coupled to gravity in three dimensions. We give a characterization of its solutions in a neighbourhood of a given point through sequences of symmetric trace free tensors (referred to as `null data'). We show that the null data determine a formal expansion of the solution and we obtain necessary and sufficient growth estimates on the null data for the formal expansion to be absolutely convergent in a neighbourhood of the given point. This provides a complete characterization of all the solutions to the given system of equations around that point.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Jan 2010 16:45:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-18
[ [ "Aceña", "Andrés E.", "" ] ]
We consider a geometrical system of equations for a three dimensional Riemannian manifold. This system of equations has been constructed as to include several physically interesting systems of equations, such as the stationary Einstein vacuum field equations or harmonic maps coupled to gravity in three dimensions. We give a characterization of its solutions in a neighbourhood of a given point through sequences of symmetric trace free tensors (referred to as `null data'). We show that the null data determine a formal expansion of the solution and we obtain necessary and sufficient growth estimates on the null data for the formal expansion to be absolutely convergent in a neighbourhood of the given point. This provides a complete characterization of all the solutions to the given system of equations around that point.
2103.06516
Tatsuki Washimi Dr.
T. Washimi, T. Yokozawa, M. Nakano, T. Tanaka, K. Kaihotsu, Y. Mori, T. Narita
Effects of lightning strokes on underground gravitational waves observatories
null
JINST 16 P07033 (2021)
10.1088/1748-0221/16/07/P07033
JGW-P2112426
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
For ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors, lightning strokes in the atmosphere are sources of environmental noise. Some GW detectors are built or planned in underground facilities, and knowledge of how lightning strokes affect them is of interest. In this paper, the lightning detection system in KAGRA is introduced, and the properties of the magnetic field measured inside and outside the KAGRA tunnel are shown. One lightning-induced event in the GW channel of the KAGRA main interferometer is also shown. Finally, possible applications of lightning events for the GW experiments are discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Mar 2021 08:03:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Mar 2021 00:56:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 6 Jun 2021 07:42:30 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-07-22
[ [ "Washimi", "T.", "" ], [ "Yokozawa", "T.", "" ], [ "Nakano", "M.", "" ], [ "Tanaka", "T.", "" ], [ "Kaihotsu", "K.", "" ], [ "Mori", "Y.", "" ], [ "Narita", "T.", "" ] ]
For ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors, lightning strokes in the atmosphere are sources of environmental noise. Some GW detectors are built or planned in underground facilities, and knowledge of how lightning strokes affect them is of interest. In this paper, the lightning detection system in KAGRA is introduced, and the properties of the magnetic field measured inside and outside the KAGRA tunnel are shown. One lightning-induced event in the GW channel of the KAGRA main interferometer is also shown. Finally, possible applications of lightning events for the GW experiments are discussed.
1911.06520
Srijita Sinha
Srijita Sinha and Narayan Banerjee
Density perturbation in an interacting holographic dark energy model
17 pages, 11 figures, minor changes, references added; version matches the accepted one
Eur. Phys. J. Plus 135, 779 (2020)
10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00803-z
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The present work deals with the evolution of the density contrasts for a cosmological model where along with the standard cold dark matter (CDM), the present Universe also contains holographic dark energy (HDE). The characteristic infra-red (IR) cut-off is taken as the future event horizon. The HDE is allowed to interact with the CDM. The equations for the density contrasts are integrated numerically. It is found that irrespective of the presence of an interaction, the matter perturbation has growing modes. The HDE is also found to have growth of perturbation, so very much like the CDM, thus can also cluster. The interesting point to note is that the density contrast corresponding to HDE has a peak at recent past and is decaying at the present epoch. Another feature is that IR cut-off as the event horizon does not naturally produce accelerated expansion of the Universe in the presence of an interaction.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Nov 2019 08:52:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 3 Jan 2020 09:51:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Oct 2020 02:35:45 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-12-07
[ [ "Sinha", "Srijita", "" ], [ "Banerjee", "Narayan", "" ] ]
The present work deals with the evolution of the density contrasts for a cosmological model where along with the standard cold dark matter (CDM), the present Universe also contains holographic dark energy (HDE). The characteristic infra-red (IR) cut-off is taken as the future event horizon. The HDE is allowed to interact with the CDM. The equations for the density contrasts are integrated numerically. It is found that irrespective of the presence of an interaction, the matter perturbation has growing modes. The HDE is also found to have growth of perturbation, so very much like the CDM, thus can also cluster. The interesting point to note is that the density contrast corresponding to HDE has a peak at recent past and is decaying at the present epoch. Another feature is that IR cut-off as the event horizon does not naturally produce accelerated expansion of the Universe in the presence of an interaction.
1601.03941
Massimo Tessarotto
Massimo Tessarotto (Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Italy and Institute of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Bezru\v{c}ovo n\'am.13, CZ-74601 Opava, Czech Republic) and Claudio Cremaschini (Institute of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Bezru\v{c}ovo n\'am.13, CZ-74601 Opava, Czech Republic)
Theory of non-local point transformations - Part 2: General form and Gedanken experiment
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The problem is posed of further extending the axiomatic construction proposed in Part 1 for non-local point transformations mapping in each other different curved space times. The new transformations apply to curved space times when expressed in arbitrary coordinate systems. It is shown that the solution permits to achieve an ideal (Gedanken) experiment realizing a suitable kind of phase-space transformation on point-particle classical dynamical systems. Applications of the theory are discussed both for diagonal and non-diagonal metric tensors.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Jan 2016 08:07:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-01-18
[ [ "Tessarotto", "Massimo", "", "Department of Mathematics and Geosciences,\n University of Trieste, Italy and Institute of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy\n and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Bezručovo nám.13, CZ-74601\n Opava, Czech Republic" ], [ "Cremaschini", "Claudio", "", "Institute of Physics, Faculty\n of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Bezručovo\n nám.13, CZ-74601 Opava, Czech Republic" ] ]
The problem is posed of further extending the axiomatic construction proposed in Part 1 for non-local point transformations mapping in each other different curved space times. The new transformations apply to curved space times when expressed in arbitrary coordinate systems. It is shown that the solution permits to achieve an ideal (Gedanken) experiment realizing a suitable kind of phase-space transformation on point-particle classical dynamical systems. Applications of the theory are discussed both for diagonal and non-diagonal metric tensors.
1411.0125
Bushra Majeed
Bushra Majeed, Mubasher Jamil and Azad A. Siddiqui
Holographic Dark Energy with Time Varying n^2 Parameter in Non-Flat Universe
8 pages, 2 figures, Published in: International Journal of Theoretical Physics
Int. J. Theor. Phys. (2015) 54:42-49
10.1007/s10773-014-2197-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a holographic dark energy model, with a varying parameter, n, which evolves slowly with time. We obtain the differential equation describing evolution of the dark energy density parameter, $\Omega_d$, for the flat and non-flat FRW universes. The equation of state parameter in this generalized version of holographic dark energy depends on n.
[ { "created": "Sat, 1 Nov 2014 14:56:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-01-28
[ [ "Majeed", "Bushra", "" ], [ "Jamil", "Mubasher", "" ], [ "Siddiqui", "Azad A.", "" ] ]
We consider a holographic dark energy model, with a varying parameter, n, which evolves slowly with time. We obtain the differential equation describing evolution of the dark energy density parameter, $\Omega_d$, for the flat and non-flat FRW universes. The equation of state parameter in this generalized version of holographic dark energy depends on n.
2404.16093
Prashant Kocherlakota
Prashant Kocherlakota and Ramesh Narayan
Self-Gravitating Matter in Stationary and Axisymmetric Black Hole Spacetimes
25 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
All black holes (BHs) in nature are expected to be described by the Kerr vacuum solution of general relativity. However, the Kerr solution comes with several difficulties such as the existence of Cauchy horizons, curvature singularities, and causality-violating regions. Attempts to resolve some of these issues include phenomenological BH models, which typically contain nontrivial matter content. We introduce a simple framework here to examine the properties of matter in such phenomenological models for a broad class of stationary and axisymmetric spinning BH spacetimes, generated from nonspinning seed solutions via a metric ansatz. We apply this framework to a representative set of spinning BH spacetimes and the non-spinning seeds from which they are derived. The models span different types of matter - fluids, scalar fields, electromagnetic fields. For each model, we calculate the timelike four-velocity of the matter and thereby identify the rest frame of the matter, both outside and inside the horizon. We then examine the spatial distribution of the matter rest-frame energy density $\epsilon$ and the principal pressures. This provides a complete picture of how the matter moves, what its material properties are, and whether it obeys the classical energy conditions. Notably, at a horizon, the normal component of the pressure always satisfies $p_n = -\epsilon$. We also investigate the expansions of the principal null congruences and explore the Hawking mass profiles of these spacetimes. These provide glimpses into the geometry of the stationary BH exterior as well as the nonstationary interior cosmology. The axisymmetric metric ansatz we work with can be used to generate new spinning solutions from a variety of nonspinning seeds. The matter in these models often satisfies the weak energy condition, at least in the BH exterior, and some models exhibit non-rigid, differential rotation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Apr 2024 18:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-04-26
[ [ "Kocherlakota", "Prashant", "" ], [ "Narayan", "Ramesh", "" ] ]
All black holes (BHs) in nature are expected to be described by the Kerr vacuum solution of general relativity. However, the Kerr solution comes with several difficulties such as the existence of Cauchy horizons, curvature singularities, and causality-violating regions. Attempts to resolve some of these issues include phenomenological BH models, which typically contain nontrivial matter content. We introduce a simple framework here to examine the properties of matter in such phenomenological models for a broad class of stationary and axisymmetric spinning BH spacetimes, generated from nonspinning seed solutions via a metric ansatz. We apply this framework to a representative set of spinning BH spacetimes and the non-spinning seeds from which they are derived. The models span different types of matter - fluids, scalar fields, electromagnetic fields. For each model, we calculate the timelike four-velocity of the matter and thereby identify the rest frame of the matter, both outside and inside the horizon. We then examine the spatial distribution of the matter rest-frame energy density $\epsilon$ and the principal pressures. This provides a complete picture of how the matter moves, what its material properties are, and whether it obeys the classical energy conditions. Notably, at a horizon, the normal component of the pressure always satisfies $p_n = -\epsilon$. We also investigate the expansions of the principal null congruences and explore the Hawking mass profiles of these spacetimes. These provide glimpses into the geometry of the stationary BH exterior as well as the nonstationary interior cosmology. The axisymmetric metric ansatz we work with can be used to generate new spinning solutions from a variety of nonspinning seeds. The matter in these models often satisfies the weak energy condition, at least in the BH exterior, and some models exhibit non-rigid, differential rotation.
2407.14122
Gamal G.L. Nashed
Waleed El Hanafy, Mahmoud Hashim, and G.G.L. Nashed
Revisiting Flat Rotation Curves in Chern-Simons Modified Gravity
13 pages, 2 figures, match the version that will appear in Phys. Lett. B
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138882
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We revisit slow rotating black hole (BH) solutions in Chern-Simons modified gravity (CSMG) by considering perturbative solution about Schwarzschild BH. In particular, the case when nondynamical CSMG with noncanonical CS scalar is considered. We provide a new solution different from the previously obtained one \cite{Konno:2007ze} which we refer to as KMT model. The present solution accounts for frame dragging effect which includes not only radial dependence as in the KMT. Nevertheless, it reduces to KMT as a particular case. We show that the tidal gravitational force (Kretschmann invariant) associated to the present solution contains a term of order $1/r^3$ additional to Schwarzschild but absent from directional divergence, unlike KMT model which diverges along the axis of symmetry. We derive the corresponding circular velocity of a massive test particle in which the KMT velocity is recovered in addition to an extra term $\propto r$. We investigate possible constraints on KMT and the present solutions from the observed rotation curve of UGC11455 galaxy as an example. We show that perturbation solutions cannot physically explain the flattening of galactic rotation curves.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jul 2024 08:41:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-22
[ [ "Hanafy", "Waleed El", "" ], [ "Hashim", "Mahmoud", "" ], [ "Nashed", "G. G. L.", "" ] ]
We revisit slow rotating black hole (BH) solutions in Chern-Simons modified gravity (CSMG) by considering perturbative solution about Schwarzschild BH. In particular, the case when nondynamical CSMG with noncanonical CS scalar is considered. We provide a new solution different from the previously obtained one \cite{Konno:2007ze} which we refer to as KMT model. The present solution accounts for frame dragging effect which includes not only radial dependence as in the KMT. Nevertheless, it reduces to KMT as a particular case. We show that the tidal gravitational force (Kretschmann invariant) associated to the present solution contains a term of order $1/r^3$ additional to Schwarzschild but absent from directional divergence, unlike KMT model which diverges along the axis of symmetry. We derive the corresponding circular velocity of a massive test particle in which the KMT velocity is recovered in addition to an extra term $\propto r$. We investigate possible constraints on KMT and the present solutions from the observed rotation curve of UGC11455 galaxy as an example. We show that perturbation solutions cannot physically explain the flattening of galactic rotation curves.
1909.07803
Subhajit Saha
Subhajit Saha
How to obtain a class of emergent universes with a general form of dissipation?
5 pages; Under Review
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we have assumed a flat Friedmann-Lemaitr\'e-Robertson-Walker universe endowed with a general form of dissipation. The source of dissipation is considered to be a bulk viscous pressure $\Pi$ which leads to an adiabatic creation of particles induced by the gravitational field. Further, the cosmic substratum is assumed to satisfy the equation of state $p=(\gamma -1)\rho$ and $\Pi$ is considered to be proportional to $H^{2k+1}$, where $H$ is the Hubble parameter and $k$ is the index of dissipation. This choice of dissipation is consistent with the pioneering works by Barrow and Clifton. Finally, by assuming an exponential form for $H$ given by $H=e^{m(t-t_0)}$, where $m$ is a positive real parameter and which bears all the signatures of an emergent universe, we have been able to establish that the sufficiency of the inequality $\gamma k \leq 0$ can produce a class of emergent universes. However, this condition is by no means necessary for the existence of an emergent universe.
[ { "created": "Sun, 15 Sep 2019 10:07:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-09-18
[ [ "Saha", "Subhajit", "" ] ]
In this paper, we have assumed a flat Friedmann-Lemaitr\'e-Robertson-Walker universe endowed with a general form of dissipation. The source of dissipation is considered to be a bulk viscous pressure $\Pi$ which leads to an adiabatic creation of particles induced by the gravitational field. Further, the cosmic substratum is assumed to satisfy the equation of state $p=(\gamma -1)\rho$ and $\Pi$ is considered to be proportional to $H^{2k+1}$, where $H$ is the Hubble parameter and $k$ is the index of dissipation. This choice of dissipation is consistent with the pioneering works by Barrow and Clifton. Finally, by assuming an exponential form for $H$ given by $H=e^{m(t-t_0)}$, where $m$ is a positive real parameter and which bears all the signatures of an emergent universe, we have been able to establish that the sufficiency of the inequality $\gamma k \leq 0$ can produce a class of emergent universes. However, this condition is by no means necessary for the existence of an emergent universe.
gr-qc/0702075
Salvatore Capozziello
S. Capozziello, R. Garattini
The cosmological constant as an eigenvalue of f(R)-gravity Hamiltonian constraint
16 pages, to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Class.Quant.Grav.24:1627-1646,2007
10.1088/0264-9381/24/6/016
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
In the framework of ADM formalism, it is possible to find out eigenvalues of the WDW equation with the meaning of vacuum states, i.e. cosmological constants, for f(R) theories of gravity, where f(R) is a generic analytic function of the Ricci curvature scalar R. The explicit calculation is performed for a Schwarzschild metric where one-loop energy is derived by the zeta function regularization method and a renormalized running Lambda constant is obtained.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Feb 2007 08:43:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Capozziello", "S.", "" ], [ "Garattini", "R.", "" ] ]
In the framework of ADM formalism, it is possible to find out eigenvalues of the WDW equation with the meaning of vacuum states, i.e. cosmological constants, for f(R) theories of gravity, where f(R) is a generic analytic function of the Ricci curvature scalar R. The explicit calculation is performed for a Schwarzschild metric where one-loop energy is derived by the zeta function regularization method and a renormalized running Lambda constant is obtained.
1702.05246
Tao Wang
Shao-Jun Wang, Xin-Xuan Guo, Towe Wang
Maximal volume behind horizons without curvature singularity
11 pages, 4 figures, Sect III improved
Phys. Rev. D 97, 024039 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.024039
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The black hole information paradox is related to the area of event horizon, and potentially to the volume and singularity behind it. One example is the complexity/volume duality conjectured by Stanford and Susskind. Accepting the proposal of Christodoulou and Rovelli, we calculate the maximal volume inside regular black holes, which are free of curvature singularity, in asymptotically flat and anti-de Sitter spacetimes respectively. The complexity/volume duality is then applied to anti-de Sitter regular black holes. We also present an analytical expression for the maximal volume outside the de Sitter horizon.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Feb 2017 07:51:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Jan 2018 09:52:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-01-31
[ [ "Wang", "Shao-Jun", "" ], [ "Guo", "Xin-Xuan", "" ], [ "Wang", "Towe", "" ] ]
The black hole information paradox is related to the area of event horizon, and potentially to the volume and singularity behind it. One example is the complexity/volume duality conjectured by Stanford and Susskind. Accepting the proposal of Christodoulou and Rovelli, we calculate the maximal volume inside regular black holes, which are free of curvature singularity, in asymptotically flat and anti-de Sitter spacetimes respectively. The complexity/volume duality is then applied to anti-de Sitter regular black holes. We also present an analytical expression for the maximal volume outside the de Sitter horizon.
gr-qc/0002003
Leonid Ya. Kobelev
L.Ya.Kobelev
Maxwell equation, Shroedinger equation, Dirac equation, Einstein equation defined on the multifractal sets of the time and the space
RevTeX
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
What forms will have an equations of modern physics if the dimensions of our time and space are fractional? The generalized equations enumerated by title are presented by help the generalized fractional derivatives of Riemann-Liouville.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Feb 2000 10:23:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kobelev", "L. Ya.", "" ] ]
What forms will have an equations of modern physics if the dimensions of our time and space are fractional? The generalized equations enumerated by title are presented by help the generalized fractional derivatives of Riemann-Liouville.
1712.09878
Kristina Giesel
Kristina Giesel, Adrian Herzog
Gauge invariant canonical cosmological perturbation theory with geometrical clocks in extended phase space - a review and applications
Added some references, corrected typos
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27, 1830005 (2018)
10.1142/S0218271818300057
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The theory of cosmological perturbations is a well elaborated field. To deal with the diffeomorphism invariance of general relativity one generally introduces combinations of the metric and matter perturbations which are gauge invariant up to the considered order in the perturbations. For linear cosmological perturbations one works with the so-called Bardeen potentials widely used in this context. However, there exists no common procedure to construct gauge invariant quantities also for higher order perturbations. Usually, one has to find new gauge invariant quantities independently for each order in perturbation theory. With the relational formalism introduced by Rovelli and further developed by Dittrich and Thiemann, it is in principle possible to calculate manifestly gauge invariant quantities, that is quantities that are gauge invariant up to arbitrary order once one has chosen a set of so-called reference fields, often also called clock fields. This article contains a review of the relational formalism and its application to canonical general relativity following the work of Garcia, Pons, Sundermeyer and Salisbury. As the starting point for our application of this formalism to cosmological perturbation theory, we also review the Hamiltonian formulation of the linearized theory for perturbations around FLRW spacetimes. The main aim of our work will be to identify clock fields in the context of the relational formalism that can be used to reconstruct quantities like the Bardeen potential as well as the Mukhanov-Sasaki variable. This requires a careful analysis of the canonical formulation in the extended ADM-phase space where lapse and shift are treated as dynamical variables. The actual construction of such observables and further investigations thereof will be carried out in our companion paper.
[ { "created": "Thu, 28 Dec 2017 14:51:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Mar 2018 14:19:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-31
[ [ "Giesel", "Kristina", "" ], [ "Herzog", "Adrian", "" ] ]
The theory of cosmological perturbations is a well elaborated field. To deal with the diffeomorphism invariance of general relativity one generally introduces combinations of the metric and matter perturbations which are gauge invariant up to the considered order in the perturbations. For linear cosmological perturbations one works with the so-called Bardeen potentials widely used in this context. However, there exists no common procedure to construct gauge invariant quantities also for higher order perturbations. Usually, one has to find new gauge invariant quantities independently for each order in perturbation theory. With the relational formalism introduced by Rovelli and further developed by Dittrich and Thiemann, it is in principle possible to calculate manifestly gauge invariant quantities, that is quantities that are gauge invariant up to arbitrary order once one has chosen a set of so-called reference fields, often also called clock fields. This article contains a review of the relational formalism and its application to canonical general relativity following the work of Garcia, Pons, Sundermeyer and Salisbury. As the starting point for our application of this formalism to cosmological perturbation theory, we also review the Hamiltonian formulation of the linearized theory for perturbations around FLRW spacetimes. The main aim of our work will be to identify clock fields in the context of the relational formalism that can be used to reconstruct quantities like the Bardeen potential as well as the Mukhanov-Sasaki variable. This requires a careful analysis of the canonical formulation in the extended ADM-phase space where lapse and shift are treated as dynamical variables. The actual construction of such observables and further investigations thereof will be carried out in our companion paper.
gr-qc/0006063
Manfred Requardt
Manfred Requardt
Let's call it Nonlocal Quantum Physics
47 pages, Latex, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
In the following we undertake to derive quantum theory as a stochastic low-energy and coarse-grained theory from a more primordial discrete and basically geometric theory living on the Planck scale and which (as we argue) possibly underlies also \tit{string theory}. We isolate the so-called \tit{ideal elements} which represent at the same time the cornerstones of the framework of ordinary quantum theory and show how and why they encode the \tit{non-local} aspects, being ubiquituous in the quantum realm, in a, on the surface, local way. We show that the quantum non-locality emerges in our approach as a natural consequence of the underlying \tit{two-storey} nature of space-time or the physical vacuum, that is, quantum theory turns out to be a residual effect of the geometric depth structure of space-time on the Planck scale. We indicate how the \tit{measurement problem} and the emergence of the \tit{macroscopic sub-regime} can be understood in this framework.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Jun 2000 08:56:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Requardt", "Manfred", "" ] ]
In the following we undertake to derive quantum theory as a stochastic low-energy and coarse-grained theory from a more primordial discrete and basically geometric theory living on the Planck scale and which (as we argue) possibly underlies also \tit{string theory}. We isolate the so-called \tit{ideal elements} which represent at the same time the cornerstones of the framework of ordinary quantum theory and show how and why they encode the \tit{non-local} aspects, being ubiquituous in the quantum realm, in a, on the surface, local way. We show that the quantum non-locality emerges in our approach as a natural consequence of the underlying \tit{two-storey} nature of space-time or the physical vacuum, that is, quantum theory turns out to be a residual effect of the geometric depth structure of space-time on the Planck scale. We indicate how the \tit{measurement problem} and the emergence of the \tit{macroscopic sub-regime} can be understood in this framework.
2402.18237
Houri Ziaeepour
Houri Ziaeepour
Quantum state of fields in $SU(\infty)$ Quantum Gravity ($SU(\infty)$-QGR)
18+12 pages, 1 figure. v2: citation extended
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Our Universe is ruled by quantum mechanics and should be treated as a quantum system. {$SU(\infty)$-QGR is a recently proposed quantum model for the Universe, in which gravity is associated to $SU(\infty)$ symmetry of its Hilbert space. Clustering/blockization of its infinite dimensional state due to random quantum fluctuations divides the Universe to approximately isolated subsystems. In addition to parameters of their {\it internal} finite rank symmetries, states and dynamics of subsystems are characterized by 4 continuous parameters, and the perceived classical spacetime is their effective representation, reflecting quantum states of subsystems and their relative evolution. At lowest order the effective Lagrangian of {$SU(\infty)$-QGR has the form of Yang-Mills gauge theories for both $SU(\infty)$ - gravity - and internal symmetries defined on the aforementioned 4D parameter space. In the present work we study more thoroughly some of the fundamental aspects of {$SU(\infty)$-QGR. Specifically, we clarify impact of the degeneracy of $\mathcal{SU}(\infty)$; describe mixed states of subsystems and their purification; calculate measures of their entanglement to the rest of the Universe; and discuss their role in the emergence of local gauge symmetries. We also describe the relationship between what is called {\it internal space} of $SU(\infty)$ Yang-Mills with the 4D parameter space, and analytically demonstrate irrelevance of the geometry of parameter space for physical observables. Along with these topics, we demonstrate the equivalence of two sets of criteria for compositeness of a quantum system, and show uniqueness of the limit of various algebras leading to $\mathcal{SU}(\infty)$.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Feb 2024 11:06:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 7 Jul 2024 09:20:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-09
[ [ "Ziaeepour", "Houri", "" ] ]
Our Universe is ruled by quantum mechanics and should be treated as a quantum system. {$SU(\infty)$-QGR is a recently proposed quantum model for the Universe, in which gravity is associated to $SU(\infty)$ symmetry of its Hilbert space. Clustering/blockization of its infinite dimensional state due to random quantum fluctuations divides the Universe to approximately isolated subsystems. In addition to parameters of their {\it internal} finite rank symmetries, states and dynamics of subsystems are characterized by 4 continuous parameters, and the perceived classical spacetime is their effective representation, reflecting quantum states of subsystems and their relative evolution. At lowest order the effective Lagrangian of {$SU(\infty)$-QGR has the form of Yang-Mills gauge theories for both $SU(\infty)$ - gravity - and internal symmetries defined on the aforementioned 4D parameter space. In the present work we study more thoroughly some of the fundamental aspects of {$SU(\infty)$-QGR. Specifically, we clarify impact of the degeneracy of $\mathcal{SU}(\infty)$; describe mixed states of subsystems and their purification; calculate measures of their entanglement to the rest of the Universe; and discuss their role in the emergence of local gauge symmetries. We also describe the relationship between what is called {\it internal space} of $SU(\infty)$ Yang-Mills with the 4D parameter space, and analytically demonstrate irrelevance of the geometry of parameter space for physical observables. Along with these topics, we demonstrate the equivalence of two sets of criteria for compositeness of a quantum system, and show uniqueness of the limit of various algebras leading to $\mathcal{SU}(\infty)$.
1802.02334
Tuhina Manna
Tuhina Manna, Farook Rahaman, Sabiruddin Molla, Jhumpa Bhadra and Hasrat Hussain Shah
Strong Lensing of a Regular Black Hole with an Electrodynamics Source
Accepted in General Relativity and Gravitation
Gen.Rel.Grav. 50 (2018) 5, 54
10.1007/s10714-018-2375-3
GERG-D-18-00048
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we have investigated the gravitational lensing phenomenon in the strong field regime for a regular, charged, static, non-linear black hole having a electrodynamics source. We have obtained the angle of deflection and compared it to a Schwarzschild black hole and Reissner Nordstrom black hole with similar properties. We have also done a graphical study of the relativistic image positions and magnifications. We hope that this method may be useful in the detection of non-luminous bodies like this current black hole.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Feb 2018 08:01:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Mar 2018 17:11:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Nov 2023 15:29:54 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-11-09
[ [ "Manna", "Tuhina", "" ], [ "Rahaman", "Farook", "" ], [ "Molla", "Sabiruddin", "" ], [ "Bhadra", "Jhumpa", "" ], [ "Shah", "Hasrat Hussain", "" ] ]
In this paper we have investigated the gravitational lensing phenomenon in the strong field regime for a regular, charged, static, non-linear black hole having a electrodynamics source. We have obtained the angle of deflection and compared it to a Schwarzschild black hole and Reissner Nordstrom black hole with similar properties. We have also done a graphical study of the relativistic image positions and magnifications. We hope that this method may be useful in the detection of non-luminous bodies like this current black hole.
gr-qc/9801077
Alfio Bonanno
Alfio Bonanno (Istituto di Astronomia, Catania)
The Cauchy Horizon in Higher-derivative Gravity Theories
REVTex, 13 pages, to appear on the proceedings of the workshop on " The Internal Structure of Black Holes and Spacetime Singularities", held at Technion -Israel Institute of Technology-, Haifa,Israel,June 29-July 3, 1997
null
null
Istituto di Astronomia, preprint 2-1998
gr-qc
null
A class of exact solutions of the field equations with higher derivative terms is presented when the matter field is a pressureless null fluid plus a Maxwellian static electric component. It is found that the stable solutions are black holes in anti de Sitter background. The issue of the stability of the Cauchy horizon is discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Jan 1998 12:35:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Bonanno", "Alfio", "", "Istituto di Astronomia, Catania" ] ]
A class of exact solutions of the field equations with higher derivative terms is presented when the matter field is a pressureless null fluid plus a Maxwellian static electric component. It is found that the stable solutions are black holes in anti de Sitter background. The issue of the stability of the Cauchy horizon is discussed.
1801.03426
Vasilis Oikonomou
V.K. Oikonomou
Exponential Inflation with $F(R)$ Gravity
PRD Accepted
Phys. Rev. D 97, 064001 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.064001
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we shall consider an exponential inflationary model in the context of vacuum $F(R)$ gravity. By using well-known reconstruction techniques, we shall investigate which $F(R)$ gravity can realize the exponential inflation scenario at leading order in terms of the scalar curvature, and we shall calculate the slow-roll indices and the corresponding observational indices, in the context of slow-roll inflation. We also provide some general formulas of the slow-roll and the corresponding observational indices in terms of the $e$-foldings number. In addition, for the calculation of the slow-roll and of the observational indices, we shall consider quite general formulas for which the assumption that all the slow-roll indices are much smaller than unity, is not necessary to hold true. Finally, we investigate the phenomenological viability of the model by comparing it with the latest Planck and BICEP2/Keck-Array observational data. As we demonstrate, the model is compatible with the current observational data for a wide range of the free parameters of the model.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Jan 2018 15:46:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Feb 2018 01:57:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-03-14
[ [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ] ]
In this paper we shall consider an exponential inflationary model in the context of vacuum $F(R)$ gravity. By using well-known reconstruction techniques, we shall investigate which $F(R)$ gravity can realize the exponential inflation scenario at leading order in terms of the scalar curvature, and we shall calculate the slow-roll indices and the corresponding observational indices, in the context of slow-roll inflation. We also provide some general formulas of the slow-roll and the corresponding observational indices in terms of the $e$-foldings number. In addition, for the calculation of the slow-roll and of the observational indices, we shall consider quite general formulas for which the assumption that all the slow-roll indices are much smaller than unity, is not necessary to hold true. Finally, we investigate the phenomenological viability of the model by comparing it with the latest Planck and BICEP2/Keck-Array observational data. As we demonstrate, the model is compatible with the current observational data for a wide range of the free parameters of the model.
1411.1943
Marcello Ortaggio
Marcello Ortaggio, Jiri Podolsky, Martin Zofka
Static and radiating p-form black holes in the higher dimensional Robinson-Trautman class
34 pages. v2: improved discussion following eq. (84), references updated, minor changes to match the published version
JHEP 1502 (2015) 045
10.1007/JHEP02(2015)045
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study Robinson-Trautman spacetimes in the presence of an aligned p-form Maxwell field and an arbitrary cosmological constant in n>=4 dimensions. As it turns out, the character of these exact solutions depends significantly on the (relative) value of n and p. In odd dimensions the solutions reduce to static black holes dressed by an electric and a magnetic field and whose horizon is an Einstein space (further constrained by the Einstein-Maxwell equations) -- both the Weyl and Maxwell type are D. Even dimensions, however, open up more possibilities. In particular, when 2p=n there exist non-static solutions describing black holes acquiring (or losing) mass by receiving (or emitting) electromagnetic radiation. In this case the Weyl type is II (D) and the Maxwell type can be II (D) or N. Conditions under which the Maxwell field is self-dual (for odd p) are also discussed, and a few explicit examples presented. Finally, the case p=1 is special in all dimensions and leads to static metrics with a non-Einstein transverse space.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Nov 2014 15:05:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 2 Mar 2015 15:20:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-03
[ [ "Ortaggio", "Marcello", "" ], [ "Podolsky", "Jiri", "" ], [ "Zofka", "Martin", "" ] ]
We study Robinson-Trautman spacetimes in the presence of an aligned p-form Maxwell field and an arbitrary cosmological constant in n>=4 dimensions. As it turns out, the character of these exact solutions depends significantly on the (relative) value of n and p. In odd dimensions the solutions reduce to static black holes dressed by an electric and a magnetic field and whose horizon is an Einstein space (further constrained by the Einstein-Maxwell equations) -- both the Weyl and Maxwell type are D. Even dimensions, however, open up more possibilities. In particular, when 2p=n there exist non-static solutions describing black holes acquiring (or losing) mass by receiving (or emitting) electromagnetic radiation. In this case the Weyl type is II (D) and the Maxwell type can be II (D) or N. Conditions under which the Maxwell field is self-dual (for odd p) are also discussed, and a few explicit examples presented. Finally, the case p=1 is special in all dimensions and leads to static metrics with a non-Einstein transverse space.
2407.19017
Arwa Elhashash
Arwa Elhashash, David A. Nichols
Waveform models for the gravitational-wave memory effect: Extreme mass-ratio limit and final memory offset
23 pages, 13 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The gravitational-wave (GW) memory effect is a strong-field relativistic phenomenon that is associated with a persistent change in the GW strain after the passage of a GW. The nonlinear effect arises from interactions of GWs themselves in the wave zone and is an observable effect connected to the infrared properties of general relativity. The detection of the GW memory effect is possible with LIGO and Virgo in a population of binary-black-hole (BBH) mergers or from individual events with next-generation ground- and space-based GW detectors or pulsar timing arrays. Matched-filtering-based searches for the GW memory require accurate, and preferably rapid-to-evaluate waveform models of the memory effect's GW signal. One important element of such a waveform model is a model for the final memory offset -- namely, the net change in strain between early and late times. In this paper, we construct a model for the final memory offset from the merger of nonspinning BBH systems in quasicircular orbits. A novel ingredient of this model is that we first compute the memory signal for extreme mass-ratio inspirals using a high post-Newtonian-order analytic calculation, and we use this analytical result to fix the coefficient in the fit which is linear in the mass-ratio. The resulting memory-offset fit could be used for detecting the GW memory for binaries that merge on a timescale that is short relative to the inverse of the low-frequency cutoff of a GW detector. Additionally, this fit will be useful for analytic waveform models of the GW memory signals in the time and frequency domains.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Jul 2024 18:01:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-30
[ [ "Elhashash", "Arwa", "" ], [ "Nichols", "David A.", "" ] ]
The gravitational-wave (GW) memory effect is a strong-field relativistic phenomenon that is associated with a persistent change in the GW strain after the passage of a GW. The nonlinear effect arises from interactions of GWs themselves in the wave zone and is an observable effect connected to the infrared properties of general relativity. The detection of the GW memory effect is possible with LIGO and Virgo in a population of binary-black-hole (BBH) mergers or from individual events with next-generation ground- and space-based GW detectors or pulsar timing arrays. Matched-filtering-based searches for the GW memory require accurate, and preferably rapid-to-evaluate waveform models of the memory effect's GW signal. One important element of such a waveform model is a model for the final memory offset -- namely, the net change in strain between early and late times. In this paper, we construct a model for the final memory offset from the merger of nonspinning BBH systems in quasicircular orbits. A novel ingredient of this model is that we first compute the memory signal for extreme mass-ratio inspirals using a high post-Newtonian-order analytic calculation, and we use this analytical result to fix the coefficient in the fit which is linear in the mass-ratio. The resulting memory-offset fit could be used for detecting the GW memory for binaries that merge on a timescale that is short relative to the inverse of the low-frequency cutoff of a GW detector. Additionally, this fit will be useful for analytic waveform models of the GW memory signals in the time and frequency domains.
1903.04845
Mohammad Ali Gorji
Mohammad Ali Gorji, Shinji Mukohyama, Hassan Firouzjahi
Cosmology in Mimetic SU(2) Gauge Theory
18 pages, 14 figures
JCAP 2019 (2020) no.05, 019
10.1088/1475-7516/2019/05/019
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is well known that the standard scalar field mimetic cosmology provides a dark matter-like energy density component. Considering $SU(2)$ gauge symmetry, we study the gauge field extension of the mimetic scenario in spatially flat and curved FLRW spacetimes. Because of the mimetic constraint, the standard Yang-Mills term plays the role of the cosmological constant while the mimetic term provides two different contributions: one is the standard radiation scaling like $ a^{-4}$ while the other contribution in energy density scales as $\propto a^{-2}$. Consequently, in the Friedmann equation we have two different energy densities which scale as $\propto a^{-2}$: one is the mimetic spatial curvature-like and the other is the standard spatial curvature which can compete with each other. The degeneracy between these two contributions are disentangled in this scenario since the mimetic spatial curvature-like term shows up only at the dynamical level while the standard spatial curvature term shows up at both dynamical and kinematical levels.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Mar 2019 11:18:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-06-03
[ [ "Gorji", "Mohammad Ali", "" ], [ "Mukohyama", "Shinji", "" ], [ "Firouzjahi", "Hassan", "" ] ]
It is well known that the standard scalar field mimetic cosmology provides a dark matter-like energy density component. Considering $SU(2)$ gauge symmetry, we study the gauge field extension of the mimetic scenario in spatially flat and curved FLRW spacetimes. Because of the mimetic constraint, the standard Yang-Mills term plays the role of the cosmological constant while the mimetic term provides two different contributions: one is the standard radiation scaling like $ a^{-4}$ while the other contribution in energy density scales as $\propto a^{-2}$. Consequently, in the Friedmann equation we have two different energy densities which scale as $\propto a^{-2}$: one is the mimetic spatial curvature-like and the other is the standard spatial curvature which can compete with each other. The degeneracy between these two contributions are disentangled in this scenario since the mimetic spatial curvature-like term shows up only at the dynamical level while the standard spatial curvature term shows up at both dynamical and kinematical levels.
gr-qc/0401061
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif
Symmetries of the Energy-Momentum Tensor of Cylindrically Symmetric Static Spacetimes
42 pages, no figure, LaTeX, Accepted for publication in J. Math. Phys
J.Math.Phys. 45 (2004) 1532-1560
10.1063/1.1668335
null
gr-qc
null
We investigate matter symmetries of cylindrically symmetric static spacetimes. These are classified for both cases when the energy-momentum tensor is non-degenerate and also when it is degenerate. It is found that the non-degenerate energy-momentum tensor gives either three, four, five, six, seven or ten independent matter collineations in which three are isometries and the rest are proper. The worth mentioning cases are those where we obtain the group of matter collineations finite-dimensional even the energy-momentum tensor is degenerate. These are either three, four, five or ten. Some examples are constructed satisfying the constraints on the energy-momentum tensor.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Jan 2004 12:44:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ] ]
We investigate matter symmetries of cylindrically symmetric static spacetimes. These are classified for both cases when the energy-momentum tensor is non-degenerate and also when it is degenerate. It is found that the non-degenerate energy-momentum tensor gives either three, four, five, six, seven or ten independent matter collineations in which three are isometries and the rest are proper. The worth mentioning cases are those where we obtain the group of matter collineations finite-dimensional even the energy-momentum tensor is degenerate. These are either three, four, five or ten. Some examples are constructed satisfying the constraints on the energy-momentum tensor.
2005.02616
Konstantin Osetrin
Evgeny Osetrin, Konstantin Osetrin, Altair Filippov, Ilya Kirnos
Wave-like spatially homogeneous models of Stackel spacetimes (3.1) type in the scalar-tensor theory of gravity
7 pages
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2020
10.1142/S0219887820501844
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
All classes of spatially homogeneous space-time models in the generalized scalar-tensor theory of gravity are found that allow the integration of the equations of motion of test particles and the eikonal equation by the method of %complete separation of variables by type (3.1). Three classes of exact solutions are obtained that relate to wave-like spacetime models. The resulting spacetime models are of type IV, VI, and VII according to the Bianchi classification and type N according to Petrov's classification.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 May 2020 06:54:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-10-06
[ [ "Osetrin", "Evgeny", "" ], [ "Osetrin", "Konstantin", "" ], [ "Filippov", "Altair", "" ], [ "Kirnos", "Ilya", "" ] ]
All classes of spatially homogeneous space-time models in the generalized scalar-tensor theory of gravity are found that allow the integration of the equations of motion of test particles and the eikonal equation by the method of %complete separation of variables by type (3.1). Three classes of exact solutions are obtained that relate to wave-like spacetime models. The resulting spacetime models are of type IV, VI, and VII according to the Bianchi classification and type N according to Petrov's classification.
gr-qc/0409090
Thomas Roman
Thomas A. Roman
Some Thoughts on Energy Conditions and Wormholes
24 pages; to appear in the Proceedings of the Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity and Gravitation
null
10.1142/9789812704030_0236
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
This essay reviews some of the recent progress in the area of energy conditions and wormholes. Most of the discussion centers on the subject of ``quantum inequality'' restrictions on negative energy. These are bounds on the magnitude and duration of negative energy which put rather severe constraints on its possible macroscopic effects. Such effects might include the construction of wormholes and warp drives for faster-than-light travel, and violations of the second law of thermodynamics. Open problems and future directions are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Sep 2004 15:56:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-09
[ [ "Roman", "Thomas A.", "" ] ]
This essay reviews some of the recent progress in the area of energy conditions and wormholes. Most of the discussion centers on the subject of ``quantum inequality'' restrictions on negative energy. These are bounds on the magnitude and duration of negative energy which put rather severe constraints on its possible macroscopic effects. Such effects might include the construction of wormholes and warp drives for faster-than-light travel, and violations of the second law of thermodynamics. Open problems and future directions are also discussed.
2405.08857
Michele Vallisneri
Michele Vallisneri, Marco Crisostomi, Aaron D. Johnson, Patrick M. Meyers
Rapid parameter estimation for pulsar-timing-array datasets with variational inference and normalizing flows
6 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the gravitational-wave analysis of pulsar-timing-array datasets, parameter estimation is usually performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to explore posterior probability densities. We introduce an alternative procedure that relies instead on stochastic gradient-descent Bayesian variational inference, whereby we obtain the weights of a neural-network approximation of the posterior by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence of the approximation from the exact posterior. This technique is distinct from simulation-based inference with normalizing flows, since we train the network for a single dataset, rather than the population of all possible datasets, and we require the computation of the data likelihood and its gradient. Unlike Markov Chain methods, our technique can transparently exploit highly parallel computing platforms. This makes it extremely fast on modern graphical processing units, where it can analyze the NANOGrav 15-yr dataset in few tens of minutes, depending on the probabilistic model, as opposed to hours or days with the analysis codes used until now. We expect that this speed will unlock new kinds of astrophysical and cosmological studies of pulsar-timing-array datasets. Furthermore, variational inference would be viable in other contexts of gravitational-wave data analysis as long as differentiable and parallelizable likelihoods are available.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 May 2024 18:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-05-16
[ [ "Vallisneri", "Michele", "" ], [ "Crisostomi", "Marco", "" ], [ "Johnson", "Aaron D.", "" ], [ "Meyers", "Patrick M.", "" ] ]
In the gravitational-wave analysis of pulsar-timing-array datasets, parameter estimation is usually performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to explore posterior probability densities. We introduce an alternative procedure that relies instead on stochastic gradient-descent Bayesian variational inference, whereby we obtain the weights of a neural-network approximation of the posterior by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence of the approximation from the exact posterior. This technique is distinct from simulation-based inference with normalizing flows, since we train the network for a single dataset, rather than the population of all possible datasets, and we require the computation of the data likelihood and its gradient. Unlike Markov Chain methods, our technique can transparently exploit highly parallel computing platforms. This makes it extremely fast on modern graphical processing units, where it can analyze the NANOGrav 15-yr dataset in few tens of minutes, depending on the probabilistic model, as opposed to hours or days with the analysis codes used until now. We expect that this speed will unlock new kinds of astrophysical and cosmological studies of pulsar-timing-array datasets. Furthermore, variational inference would be viable in other contexts of gravitational-wave data analysis as long as differentiable and parallelizable likelihoods are available.
1605.06635
Michael Good
Michael R.R. Good, Paul R. Anderson, and Charles R. Evans
Mirror Reflections of a Black Hole
25 pages, 7 figures
Phys. Rev. D 94, 065010 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.065010
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An exact correspondence between a black hole and an accelerating mirror is demonstrated. It is shown that for a massless minimally coupled scalar field the same Bogolubov coefficients connecting the "in" and "out" states occur for a (1+1)D flat spacetime with a particular perfectly reflecting accelerating boundary trajectory and a (1+1)D curved spacetime in which a null shell collapses to form a black hole. Generalization of the latter to the (3+1)D case is discussed. The spectral dynamics is computed in both (1+1)-dimensional spacetimes along with the energy flux in the spacetime with a mirror. It is shown that the approach to equilibrium is monotonic, asymmetric in terms of the rate, and there is a specific time which characterizes the system when it is the most out-of-equilibrium.
[ { "created": "Sat, 21 May 2016 12:23:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Sep 2016 15:10:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-09-26
[ [ "Good", "Michael R. R.", "" ], [ "Anderson", "Paul R.", "" ], [ "Evans", "Charles R.", "" ] ]
An exact correspondence between a black hole and an accelerating mirror is demonstrated. It is shown that for a massless minimally coupled scalar field the same Bogolubov coefficients connecting the "in" and "out" states occur for a (1+1)D flat spacetime with a particular perfectly reflecting accelerating boundary trajectory and a (1+1)D curved spacetime in which a null shell collapses to form a black hole. Generalization of the latter to the (3+1)D case is discussed. The spectral dynamics is computed in both (1+1)-dimensional spacetimes along with the energy flux in the spacetime with a mirror. It is shown that the approach to equilibrium is monotonic, asymmetric in terms of the rate, and there is a specific time which characterizes the system when it is the most out-of-equilibrium.
gr-qc/0006045
Marcus Ansorg
Marcus Ansorg
Differentially rotating disks of dust: Arbitrary rotation law
23 pages, 3 figures, submitted to 'General Relativity and Gravitation'
Gen.Rel.Grav. 33 (2001) 309-338
10.1023/A:1002705402248
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper, solutions to the Ernst equation are investigated that depend on two real analytic functions defined on the interval [0,1]. These solutions are introduced by a suitable limiting process of Backlund transformations applied to seed solutions of the Weyl class. It turns out that this class of solutions contains the general relativistic gravitational field of an arbitrary differentially rotating disk of dust, for which a continuous transition to some Newtonian disk exists. It will be shown how for given boundary conditions (i. e. proper surface mass density or angular velocity of the disk) the gravitational field can be approximated in terms of the above solutions. Furthermore, particular examples will be discussed, including disks with a realistic profile for the angular velocity and more exotic disks possessing two spatially separated ergoregions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Jun 2000 12:35:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Ansorg", "Marcus", "" ] ]
In this paper, solutions to the Ernst equation are investigated that depend on two real analytic functions defined on the interval [0,1]. These solutions are introduced by a suitable limiting process of Backlund transformations applied to seed solutions of the Weyl class. It turns out that this class of solutions contains the general relativistic gravitational field of an arbitrary differentially rotating disk of dust, for which a continuous transition to some Newtonian disk exists. It will be shown how for given boundary conditions (i. e. proper surface mass density or angular velocity of the disk) the gravitational field can be approximated in terms of the above solutions. Furthermore, particular examples will be discussed, including disks with a realistic profile for the angular velocity and more exotic disks possessing two spatially separated ergoregions.
1906.04048
Pardyumn Kumar Sahoo
Parbati Sahoo, Annika Kirschner, P.K. Sahoo
Phantom fluid wormhole in $f(R,T)$ gravity
12 pages, 8 Figures. Revision submitted to MPLA
Modern Physics Letters A 34(37), (2019), 1950303
10.1142/S0217732319503036
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Wormholes (WHs) are considered as hypothetical shortcuts or tunnels in spacetime. In general relativity (GR), the fundamental ingredient of WH geometry is the presence of exotic matter at the throat, which is responsible for the violation of null energy condition (NEC). However, the modified gravity theories has shown to be able to provide WH solutions satisfying energy conditions (ECs). In this paper, we study the static spherically symmetric WH solutions in modified $f(R,T)$ gravity for a phantom fluid case. The exact solutions of this model are obtained through the equation of state (EoS), $p=\omega \rho$, associated with phantom dark energy (DE) $\omega<-1$. We find the existence of spherically symmetric WH solution supported by phantom energy distribution. The shape function of the WH is obtained in this model obeys all the WH metric conditions. In modified gravity scenario the phantom fluid WH violates the NEC in radial case, unlike in the tangential case. Furthermore, using the "volume integral quantifier" (VIQ) method, the total amount of EC violating matter in spacetime is discussed briefly.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Jun 2019 16:01:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-02-19
[ [ "Sahoo", "Parbati", "" ], [ "Kirschner", "Annika", "" ], [ "Sahoo", "P. K.", "" ] ]
Wormholes (WHs) are considered as hypothetical shortcuts or tunnels in spacetime. In general relativity (GR), the fundamental ingredient of WH geometry is the presence of exotic matter at the throat, which is responsible for the violation of null energy condition (NEC). However, the modified gravity theories has shown to be able to provide WH solutions satisfying energy conditions (ECs). In this paper, we study the static spherically symmetric WH solutions in modified $f(R,T)$ gravity for a phantom fluid case. The exact solutions of this model are obtained through the equation of state (EoS), $p=\omega \rho$, associated with phantom dark energy (DE) $\omega<-1$. We find the existence of spherically symmetric WH solution supported by phantom energy distribution. The shape function of the WH is obtained in this model obeys all the WH metric conditions. In modified gravity scenario the phantom fluid WH violates the NEC in radial case, unlike in the tangential case. Furthermore, using the "volume integral quantifier" (VIQ) method, the total amount of EC violating matter in spacetime is discussed briefly.
gr-qc/9806084
Dr. BG Sidharth
B.G. Sidharth
Space Time Quantization and the Big Bang
5 pages, TeX
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A recent cosmological model is recapitulated which deduces the correct mass, radius and age of the universe as also the Hubble constant and other well known apparently coincidental relations. It also predicts an ever expanding accelerating universe as is confirmed by latest supernovae observations. Finally the Big Bang model is recovered as a suitable limiting case.
[ { "created": "Sun, 21 Jun 1998 02:49:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Sidharth", "B. G.", "" ] ]
A recent cosmological model is recapitulated which deduces the correct mass, radius and age of the universe as also the Hubble constant and other well known apparently coincidental relations. It also predicts an ever expanding accelerating universe as is confirmed by latest supernovae observations. Finally the Big Bang model is recovered as a suitable limiting case.
gr-qc/9903077
N. K. Dadhich
Naresh Dadhich and L.K. Patel
A simple shear-free non-singular spherical model with heat flux
7 pages, LaTEX version
Grav.Cosmol. 6 (2000) 11-13
null
IUCAA-14/99
gr-qc
null
We obtain an exact simple solution of the Einstein equation describing a spherically symmetric cosmological model without the big-bang or any other kind of singularity. The matter content of the model is shear free isotropic fluid with radial heat flux and it satisfies the weak and strong energy conditions. It is pressure gradient combined with heat flux that prevents occurrence of singularity. So far all known non-singular models have non-zero shear. This is the first shear free non-singular model, which is also spherically symmetric.
[ { "created": "Sat, 20 Mar 1999 07:14:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Dadhich", "Naresh", "" ], [ "Patel", "L. K.", "" ] ]
We obtain an exact simple solution of the Einstein equation describing a spherically symmetric cosmological model without the big-bang or any other kind of singularity. The matter content of the model is shear free isotropic fluid with radial heat flux and it satisfies the weak and strong energy conditions. It is pressure gradient combined with heat flux that prevents occurrence of singularity. So far all known non-singular models have non-zero shear. This is the first shear free non-singular model, which is also spherically symmetric.
0901.0603
Li Xiang
Li Xiang and X. Q. Wen
Black hole thermodynamics with generalized uncertainty principle
18 pages, great improvement on the first version; a Kerr-Newman black hole is considered
JHEP 0910:046,2009
10.1088/1126-6708/2009/10/046
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the standard viewpoint, the temperature of a stationary black hole is proportional to its surface gravity, $T_H=\hbar\kappa/2\pi$. This is a semiclassical result and the quantum gravity effects are not taken into consideration. This Letter explores a unified expression for the black hole temperature in the sense of a generalized uncertainty principle(GUP). Our discussion involves a heuristic analysis of a particle which is absorbed by the black hole. Besides a class of static and spherically symmetric black holes, an axially symmetric Kerr-Newman black hole is considered. Different from the existing literature, we suggest that the black hole's irreducible mass represent the characteristic size in the absorption process. The information capacity of a remnant is also discussed by Bousso's D-bound in de Sitter spacetime.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Jan 2009 08:06:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Mar 2009 16:06:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-19
[ [ "Xiang", "Li", "" ], [ "Wen", "X. Q.", "" ] ]
In the standard viewpoint, the temperature of a stationary black hole is proportional to its surface gravity, $T_H=\hbar\kappa/2\pi$. This is a semiclassical result and the quantum gravity effects are not taken into consideration. This Letter explores a unified expression for the black hole temperature in the sense of a generalized uncertainty principle(GUP). Our discussion involves a heuristic analysis of a particle which is absorbed by the black hole. Besides a class of static and spherically symmetric black holes, an axially symmetric Kerr-Newman black hole is considered. Different from the existing literature, we suggest that the black hole's irreducible mass represent the characteristic size in the absorption process. The information capacity of a remnant is also discussed by Bousso's D-bound in de Sitter spacetime.
2105.04283
Guillaume Boileau
Guillaume Boileau, Astrid Lamberts, Nelson Christensen, Neil J. Cornish, Renate Meyer
Spectral separation of the stochastic gravitational-wave background for LISA in the context of a modulated Galactic foreground
null
null
10.1093/mnras/stab2575
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Within its observational band the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, LISA, will simultaneously observe orbital modulated waveforms from Galactic white dwarf binaries, a binary black hole produced gravitational-wave background, and potentially a cosmologically created stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). The overwhelming majority of stars end their lives as white dwarfs, making them very numerous in the Milky Way. We simulate Galactic white dwarf binary gravitational-wave emission based on distributions from various mock catalogs and determine a complex waveform from the Galactic foreground with $3.5 \times 10^{7}$ binaries. We describe the effects from the Galactic binary distribution population across mass, position within the Galaxy, core type, and orbital frequency distribution. We generate the modulated Galactic white dwarf signal detected by \textit{LISA} due to its orbital motion, and present a data analysis strategy to address it. The Fisher Information and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods give an estimation of the \textit{LISA} noise and the parameters for the different signal classes. We estimate the detectable limits for the future LISA observation of the SGWB in the spectral domain with the 3 \textit{LISA} channels $A$, $E$, and $T$. We simultaneously estimate the Galactic foreground, the astrophysical and cosmological backgrounds. Assuming the expected astrophysical background and a Galactic foreground, a cosmological background energy density of around $\Omega_{GW,Cosmo} \approx 8 \times 10^{-13}$ could be detected by LISA. LISA will either detect a cosmologically produced SGWB, or set a limit that will have important consequences.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 May 2021 11:48:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Oct 2021 11:21:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-10-08
[ [ "Boileau", "Guillaume", "" ], [ "Lamberts", "Astrid", "" ], [ "Christensen", "Nelson", "" ], [ "Cornish", "Neil J.", "" ], [ "Meyer", "Renate", "" ] ]
Within its observational band the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, LISA, will simultaneously observe orbital modulated waveforms from Galactic white dwarf binaries, a binary black hole produced gravitational-wave background, and potentially a cosmologically created stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). The overwhelming majority of stars end their lives as white dwarfs, making them very numerous in the Milky Way. We simulate Galactic white dwarf binary gravitational-wave emission based on distributions from various mock catalogs and determine a complex waveform from the Galactic foreground with $3.5 \times 10^{7}$ binaries. We describe the effects from the Galactic binary distribution population across mass, position within the Galaxy, core type, and orbital frequency distribution. We generate the modulated Galactic white dwarf signal detected by \textit{LISA} due to its orbital motion, and present a data analysis strategy to address it. The Fisher Information and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods give an estimation of the \textit{LISA} noise and the parameters for the different signal classes. We estimate the detectable limits for the future LISA observation of the SGWB in the spectral domain with the 3 \textit{LISA} channels $A$, $E$, and $T$. We simultaneously estimate the Galactic foreground, the astrophysical and cosmological backgrounds. Assuming the expected astrophysical background and a Galactic foreground, a cosmological background energy density of around $\Omega_{GW,Cosmo} \approx 8 \times 10^{-13}$ could be detected by LISA. LISA will either detect a cosmologically produced SGWB, or set a limit that will have important consequences.
2309.14375
Vladimir Kassandrov
Vladimir V. Kassandrov and Ildus Sh. Khasanov
The algebrodynamics: super-conservative collective dynamics on a "Unique Worldline'' and the Hubble's law
7 pages
Gravitation and Cosmology, 2023, Vol.29, No.1, pp.50-56
10.1134/S0202289323010048
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study the properties of roots of a polynomial system of equations which define a set of identical point particles located on a Unique Worldline (UW), in the spirit of the old Wheeler-Feynman's conception. As a consequence of the Vieta's formulas, a great number of conservation laws is fulfilled for collective algebraic dynamics on the UW. These, besides the canonical ones, include the laws with higher derivatives and those containing multi-particle correlation terms as well. On the other hand, such a ``super-conservative'' dynamics turns to be manifestly Lorentz invariant and quite nontrivial. At great values of ``cosmic time'' $t$ roots-particles demonstrate universal recession (resembling that in the Milne's cosmology and simulating ``expansion'' of the Universe) for which the Hubble's law does hold true, with Hubble parameter being inversely proportional to $t$.
[ { "created": "Sun, 24 Sep 2023 12:06:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-09-27
[ [ "Kassandrov", "Vladimir V.", "" ], [ "Khasanov", "Ildus Sh.", "" ] ]
We study the properties of roots of a polynomial system of equations which define a set of identical point particles located on a Unique Worldline (UW), in the spirit of the old Wheeler-Feynman's conception. As a consequence of the Vieta's formulas, a great number of conservation laws is fulfilled for collective algebraic dynamics on the UW. These, besides the canonical ones, include the laws with higher derivatives and those containing multi-particle correlation terms as well. On the other hand, such a ``super-conservative'' dynamics turns to be manifestly Lorentz invariant and quite nontrivial. At great values of ``cosmic time'' $t$ roots-particles demonstrate universal recession (resembling that in the Milne's cosmology and simulating ``expansion'' of the Universe) for which the Hubble's law does hold true, with Hubble parameter being inversely proportional to $t$.
2310.07872
Patryk Mach
Patryk Mach, Adam Cie\'slik, Andrzej Odrzywolek
Monte Carlo methods for stationary solutions of general-relativistic Vlasov systems: Collisionless accretion onto black holes
21 pages, 16 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop a Monte Carlo simulation method for computing stationary solutions of the general-relativistic Vlasov equation describing a gas of non-colliding particles. As specific examples, we select planar or spherically symmetric accretion models on the Schwarzschild background spacetime. In all cases the gas extends to infinity, which poses an additional difficulty in the Monte Carlo approach. We discuss models with monoenergetic particles as well as solutions obeying the Maxwell-J\"{u}ttner distribution at infinity. For all models, exact expressions for the particle current density are known or can be computed analytically. We demonstrate perfect agreement between exact expressions for the particle current density and the results of our Monte Carlo simulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Oct 2023 20:25:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-13
[ [ "Mach", "Patryk", "" ], [ "Cieślik", "Adam", "" ], [ "Odrzywolek", "Andrzej", "" ] ]
We develop a Monte Carlo simulation method for computing stationary solutions of the general-relativistic Vlasov equation describing a gas of non-colliding particles. As specific examples, we select planar or spherically symmetric accretion models on the Schwarzschild background spacetime. In all cases the gas extends to infinity, which poses an additional difficulty in the Monte Carlo approach. We discuss models with monoenergetic particles as well as solutions obeying the Maxwell-J\"{u}ttner distribution at infinity. For all models, exact expressions for the particle current density are known or can be computed analytically. We demonstrate perfect agreement between exact expressions for the particle current density and the results of our Monte Carlo simulations.
1704.08311
Alvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz
Artyom V. Astashenok (1), Alvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz (2) and Sergei D. Odintsov (3) ((1) I. Kant Baltic Federal University, (2) Cape Town U., Dept. Math. & Cape Town U., Cosmology & Gravity group, (3) ICREA and IEEC-CSIC)
The realistic models of relativistic stars in f(R) = R + alpha R^2 gravity
Version published in Class. Quantum Grav. 34 (2017) 205008, 15 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, conclusions unchanged
Class. Quantum Grav. 34 (2017) 205008
10.1088/1361-6382/aa8971
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the context of f(R)=R + alpha R^2 gravity, we study the existence of neutron and quark stars with no intermediate approximations in the generalised system of Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equations. Analysis shows that for positive alpha's the scalar curvature does not drop to zero at the star surface (as in General Relativity) but exponentially decreases with distance. Also the stellar mass bounded by star surface decreases when the value alpha increases. Nonetheless distant observers would observe a gravitational mass due to appearance of a so-called gravitational sphere around the star. The non-zero curvature contribution to the gravitational mass eventually is shown to compensate the stellar mass decrease for growing alpha's. We perform our analysis for several equations of state including purely hadronic configurations as well as hyperons and quark stars. In all cases, we assess that the relation between the parameter $\alpha$ and the gravitational mass weakly depend upon the chosen equation of state. Another interesting feature is the increase of the star radius in comparison to General Relativity for stars with masses close to maximal, whereas for intermediate masses around 1.4-1.6 solar masses, the radius of star depends upon alpha very weakly. Also the decrease in the mass bounded by star surface may cause the surface redshift to decrease in R^2-gravity when compared to Einsteinian predictions. This effect is shown to hardly depend upon the observed gravitational mass. Finally, for negative values of alpha our analysis shows that outside the star the scalar curvature has damped oscillations but the contribution of the gravitational sphere into the gravitational mass increases indefinitely with radial distance putting into question the very existence of such relativistic stars.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 Apr 2017 19:22:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Sep 2017 07:52:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-10-04
[ [ "Astashenok", "Artyom V.", "" ], [ "de la Cruz-Dombriz", "Alvaro", "" ], [ "Odintsov", "Sergei D.", "" ] ]
In the context of f(R)=R + alpha R^2 gravity, we study the existence of neutron and quark stars with no intermediate approximations in the generalised system of Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equations. Analysis shows that for positive alpha's the scalar curvature does not drop to zero at the star surface (as in General Relativity) but exponentially decreases with distance. Also the stellar mass bounded by star surface decreases when the value alpha increases. Nonetheless distant observers would observe a gravitational mass due to appearance of a so-called gravitational sphere around the star. The non-zero curvature contribution to the gravitational mass eventually is shown to compensate the stellar mass decrease for growing alpha's. We perform our analysis for several equations of state including purely hadronic configurations as well as hyperons and quark stars. In all cases, we assess that the relation between the parameter $\alpha$ and the gravitational mass weakly depend upon the chosen equation of state. Another interesting feature is the increase of the star radius in comparison to General Relativity for stars with masses close to maximal, whereas for intermediate masses around 1.4-1.6 solar masses, the radius of star depends upon alpha very weakly. Also the decrease in the mass bounded by star surface may cause the surface redshift to decrease in R^2-gravity when compared to Einsteinian predictions. This effect is shown to hardly depend upon the observed gravitational mass. Finally, for negative values of alpha our analysis shows that outside the star the scalar curvature has damped oscillations but the contribution of the gravitational sphere into the gravitational mass increases indefinitely with radial distance putting into question the very existence of such relativistic stars.
0910.1323
Sonia Markes
Sonia Markes and Lucien Hardy
Entropy for theories with indefinite causal structure
11 pages, 2 figures
J.Phys.Conf.Ser.306:012043,2011
10.1088/1742-6596/306/1/012043
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Entropy is a concept that has traditionally been reliant on a definite notion of causality. However, without a definite notion of causality, the concept of entropy is not all lost. Indefinite causal structure results from combining probabilistic predictions and dynamical space-time. Combining the probabilistic nature of quantum theory and dynamical treatment space-time from general relativity is an approach to the problem of quantum gravity. The causaloid framework lays the mathematical groundwork to be able to treat indefinite causal structure. In this paper, we build on the causaloid mathematics and define a causally-unbiased entropy for an indefinite causal structure. In defining a causally-unbiased entropy, there comes about an emergent idea of causality in the form of a measure of causal connectedness, termed the Q factor.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Oct 2009 17:26:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-13
[ [ "Markes", "Sonia", "" ], [ "Hardy", "Lucien", "" ] ]
Entropy is a concept that has traditionally been reliant on a definite notion of causality. However, without a definite notion of causality, the concept of entropy is not all lost. Indefinite causal structure results from combining probabilistic predictions and dynamical space-time. Combining the probabilistic nature of quantum theory and dynamical treatment space-time from general relativity is an approach to the problem of quantum gravity. The causaloid framework lays the mathematical groundwork to be able to treat indefinite causal structure. In this paper, we build on the causaloid mathematics and define a causally-unbiased entropy for an indefinite causal structure. In defining a causally-unbiased entropy, there comes about an emergent idea of causality in the form of a measure of causal connectedness, termed the Q factor.
gr-qc/0507011
Sanjit Mitra
S. Mitra, S. V. Dhurandhar and L. S. Finn
Improving the efficiency of the detection of gravitational wave signals from inspiraling compact binaries: Chebyshev interpolation
23 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 102001
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.102001
IUCAA - 19/05
gr-qc
null
Inspiraling compact binaries are promising sources of gravitational waves for ground and space-based laser interferometric detectors. The time-dependent signature of these sources in the detectors is a well-characterized function of a relatively small number of parameters; thus, the favored analysis technique makes use of matched filtering and maximum likelihood methods. Current analysis methodology samples the matched filter output at parameter values chosen so that the correlation between successive samples is 97% for which the filtered output is closely correlated. Here we describe a straightforward and practical way of using interpolation to take advantage of the correlation between the matched filter output associated with nearby points in the parameter space to significantly reduce the number of matched filter evaluations without sacrificing the efficiency with which real signals are recognized. Because the computational cost of the analysis is driven almost exclusively by the matched filter evaluations, this translates directly into an increase in computational efficiency, which in turn, translates into an increase in the size of the parameter space that can be analyzed and, thus, the science that can be accomplished with the data. As a demonstration we compare the present "dense sampling" analysis methodology with our proposed "interpolation" methodology, restricted to one dimension of the multi-dimensional analysis problem. We find that the interpolated search reduces by 25% the number of filter evaluations required by the dense search with 97% correlation to achieve the same efficiency of detection for an expected false alarm probability. Generalized to higher dimensional space of a generic binary including spins suggests an order of magnitude increase in computational efficiency.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Jul 2005 05:24:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Mitra", "S.", "" ], [ "Dhurandhar", "S. V.", "" ], [ "Finn", "L. S.", "" ] ]
Inspiraling compact binaries are promising sources of gravitational waves for ground and space-based laser interferometric detectors. The time-dependent signature of these sources in the detectors is a well-characterized function of a relatively small number of parameters; thus, the favored analysis technique makes use of matched filtering and maximum likelihood methods. Current analysis methodology samples the matched filter output at parameter values chosen so that the correlation between successive samples is 97% for which the filtered output is closely correlated. Here we describe a straightforward and practical way of using interpolation to take advantage of the correlation between the matched filter output associated with nearby points in the parameter space to significantly reduce the number of matched filter evaluations without sacrificing the efficiency with which real signals are recognized. Because the computational cost of the analysis is driven almost exclusively by the matched filter evaluations, this translates directly into an increase in computational efficiency, which in turn, translates into an increase in the size of the parameter space that can be analyzed and, thus, the science that can be accomplished with the data. As a demonstration we compare the present "dense sampling" analysis methodology with our proposed "interpolation" methodology, restricted to one dimension of the multi-dimensional analysis problem. We find that the interpolated search reduces by 25% the number of filter evaluations required by the dense search with 97% correlation to achieve the same efficiency of detection for an expected false alarm probability. Generalized to higher dimensional space of a generic binary including spins suggests an order of magnitude increase in computational efficiency.
2108.07023
Quentin Ansel
Quentin Ansel
Loop quantum gravity with optimal control path integral, and application to black hole tunneling
25 pages, 5 figures, source codes in supplementary materials
null
10.1007/s10714-022-02923-6
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper presents a novel path integral formalism for Einstein's theory of gravitation from the viewpoint of optimal control theory. Despite its close relation to the well-known variational principles of physicists, optimal control turns out to be more general. Within this context, a Lagrangian different from the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian is defined. Einstein field equations are recovered exactly with variations of the new action functional. The quantum theory is obtained using Ashtekar variables and the loop scalar product. By means of example, the tunneling process of a black hole into another black hole or into a white hole is investigated with a toy model.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Aug 2021 11:24:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Aug 2021 08:32:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-05-11
[ [ "Ansel", "Quentin", "" ] ]
This paper presents a novel path integral formalism for Einstein's theory of gravitation from the viewpoint of optimal control theory. Despite its close relation to the well-known variational principles of physicists, optimal control turns out to be more general. Within this context, a Lagrangian different from the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian is defined. Einstein field equations are recovered exactly with variations of the new action functional. The quantum theory is obtained using Ashtekar variables and the loop scalar product. By means of example, the tunneling process of a black hole into another black hole or into a white hole is investigated with a toy model.
2205.03842
Shokoufe Faraji
Shokoufe Faraji, Audrey Trova, Hernando Quevedo
Relativistic equilibrium fluid configurations around rotating deformed compact objects
null
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11075-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the physical properties of equilibrium sequences of non-self-gravitating surfaces that characterize thick disks around a rotating deformed compact object described by a stationary generalization of the static q-metric. The spacetime corresponds to an exact solution of Einstein's field equations so that we can perform the analysis for arbitrary values of the quadrupole moment and rotation parameter. To study the properties of this disk's model, we analyze bounded trajectories in this spacetime. Further, we find that depending on the values of the parameters, we can have various disc structures that can easily be distinguished from the static case and also from the Schwarzschild background. We argue that this study may be used to evaluate the rotation and quadrupole parameters of the central compact object.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 May 2022 11:55:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-04
[ [ "Faraji", "Shokoufe", "" ], [ "Trova", "Audrey", "" ], [ "Quevedo", "Hernando", "" ] ]
We investigate the physical properties of equilibrium sequences of non-self-gravitating surfaces that characterize thick disks around a rotating deformed compact object described by a stationary generalization of the static q-metric. The spacetime corresponds to an exact solution of Einstein's field equations so that we can perform the analysis for arbitrary values of the quadrupole moment and rotation parameter. To study the properties of this disk's model, we analyze bounded trajectories in this spacetime. Further, we find that depending on the values of the parameters, we can have various disc structures that can easily be distinguished from the static case and also from the Schwarzschild background. We argue that this study may be used to evaluate the rotation and quadrupole parameters of the central compact object.
gr-qc/0307061
Yongge Ma
Xuejun Yang, Yongge Ma, Jianbing Shao, and Wei Zhou
Killing Reduction of 5-Dimensional Spacetimes
9 pages, references added
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 024006
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.024006
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In a 5-dimensional spacetime ($M,g_{ab}$) with a Killing vector field $\xi ^a$ which is either everywhere timelike or everywhere spacelike, the collection of all trajectories of $\xi ^a$ gives a 4-dimensional space $S$. The reduction of ($M,g_{ab}$) is studied in the geometric language, which is a generalization of Geroch's method for the reduction of 4-dimensional spacetime. A 4-dimensional gravity coupled to a vector field and a scalar field on $S$ is obtained by the reduction of vacuum Einstein's equations on $M$, which gives also an alternative description of the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory. Besides the symmetry-reduced action from the Hilbert action on $M$, an alternative action of the fields on $S$ is also obtained, the variations of which lead to the same fields equations as those reduced from the vacuum Einstein equation on $M$.
[ { "created": "Sat, 12 Jul 2003 08:12:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 25 Jul 2003 03:26:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Yang", "Xuejun", "" ], [ "Ma", "Yongge", "" ], [ "Shao", "Jianbing", "" ], [ "Zhou", "Wei", "" ] ]
In a 5-dimensional spacetime ($M,g_{ab}$) with a Killing vector field $\xi ^a$ which is either everywhere timelike or everywhere spacelike, the collection of all trajectories of $\xi ^a$ gives a 4-dimensional space $S$. The reduction of ($M,g_{ab}$) is studied in the geometric language, which is a generalization of Geroch's method for the reduction of 4-dimensional spacetime. A 4-dimensional gravity coupled to a vector field and a scalar field on $S$ is obtained by the reduction of vacuum Einstein's equations on $M$, which gives also an alternative description of the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory. Besides the symmetry-reduced action from the Hilbert action on $M$, an alternative action of the fields on $S$ is also obtained, the variations of which lead to the same fields equations as those reduced from the vacuum Einstein equation on $M$.
1510.00085
Shao-Wen Wei
Shao-Wen Wei, Peng Cheng, Yu-Xiao Liu
Analytical and exact critical phenomena of $d$-dimensional singly spinning Kerr-AdS black holes
16 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Phys. Rev. D 93, 084015 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.084015
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the extended phase space, the $d$-dimensional singly spinning Kerr-AdS black holes exhibit the van der Waals's phase transition and reentrant phase transition. Since the black hole system is a single characteristic parameter thermodynamic system, we show that the form of the critical point can be uniquely determined by the dimensional analysis. When $d=4$, we get the analytical critical point. The coexistence curve and phase diagrams are obtained. The result shows that the fitting form of the coexistence curve in the reduced parameter space is independent of the angular momentum. When $d=5$---$9$, the exact critical points are numerically solved. It demonstrates that when $d\geq6$, there are two critical points. However, the small one does not participate in the phase transition. Moreover, the exact critical reentrant phase transition points are also obtained. All the critical points are obtained without any approximation.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Oct 2015 01:36:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 12 Apr 2016 02:45:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-04-13
[ [ "Wei", "Shao-Wen", "" ], [ "Cheng", "Peng", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yu-Xiao", "" ] ]
In the extended phase space, the $d$-dimensional singly spinning Kerr-AdS black holes exhibit the van der Waals's phase transition and reentrant phase transition. Since the black hole system is a single characteristic parameter thermodynamic system, we show that the form of the critical point can be uniquely determined by the dimensional analysis. When $d=4$, we get the analytical critical point. The coexistence curve and phase diagrams are obtained. The result shows that the fitting form of the coexistence curve in the reduced parameter space is independent of the angular momentum. When $d=5$---$9$, the exact critical points are numerically solved. It demonstrates that when $d\geq6$, there are two critical points. However, the small one does not participate in the phase transition. Moreover, the exact critical reentrant phase transition points are also obtained. All the critical points are obtained without any approximation.
1812.06970
Ido Ben-Dayan
Ido Ben-Dayan, Judy Kupferman
Sourced Scalar Fluctuations in Bouncing Cosmology
Corrected an error in writing the coupling to the gauge field in terms of the scalar field and the corresponding equations. As a result, the prediction is r=1/9. Matches the published erratum
JCAP 2019 (2019) no.07, 050, JCAP 12 (2020) E01 (erratum)
10.1088/1475-7516/2019/07/050
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the scalar power spectrum generated by sourced fluctuations due to coupling between the scalar field, which holds most of the energy density of the universe, and a gauge field for a general FLRW metric. For this purpose we calculate the curvature perturbation to second order in the presence of gauge fields, and show that the gauge fields behave like an additional potential term. We then apply the analysis to the case of slow-contraction. Due to the interaction between the scalar field and gauge fields additional 'sourced' tensor and scalar spectra are generated. The resulting spectra are chiral, slightly blue and arbitrarily close to scale invariance. The only difference between the tensor and scalar spectra is the coupling constant with an ${\mathcal O}(1)$ numerical coefficient, and some momentum space polarization vectors. As a result the tilt of the spectra are the same. For the nearly scale invariant case, the momentum integration gives the same leading contribution. Hence, $r\simeq 1/9$ where the deviation from this value is controlled by the deviation from scale invariance, and is not in agreement with CMB observations. Deviating considerably from near scale invariance, and considering a bluer tilt with $n_T>0.12$, the model cannot account for CMB observations, but can be detected by LIGO and/or LISA in the future.
[ { "created": "Sun, 16 Dec 2018 21:01:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 7 Aug 2019 20:35:08 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 18 Feb 2021 17:11:22 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-02-19
[ [ "Ben-Dayan", "Ido", "" ], [ "Kupferman", "Judy", "" ] ]
We calculate the scalar power spectrum generated by sourced fluctuations due to coupling between the scalar field, which holds most of the energy density of the universe, and a gauge field for a general FLRW metric. For this purpose we calculate the curvature perturbation to second order in the presence of gauge fields, and show that the gauge fields behave like an additional potential term. We then apply the analysis to the case of slow-contraction. Due to the interaction between the scalar field and gauge fields additional 'sourced' tensor and scalar spectra are generated. The resulting spectra are chiral, slightly blue and arbitrarily close to scale invariance. The only difference between the tensor and scalar spectra is the coupling constant with an ${\mathcal O}(1)$ numerical coefficient, and some momentum space polarization vectors. As a result the tilt of the spectra are the same. For the nearly scale invariant case, the momentum integration gives the same leading contribution. Hence, $r\simeq 1/9$ where the deviation from this value is controlled by the deviation from scale invariance, and is not in agreement with CMB observations. Deviating considerably from near scale invariance, and considering a bluer tilt with $n_T>0.12$, the model cannot account for CMB observations, but can be detected by LIGO and/or LISA in the future.
1008.1127
Francisco Lobo
Francisco S. N. Lobo
Closed timelike curves and causality violation
19 pages, 6 figures. Invited chapter to appear in an edited collection 'Classical and Quantum Gravity: Theory, Analysis and Applications'
Classical and Quantum Gravity: Theory, Analysis and Applications, chap.6 , (2008), Nova Sci. Pub
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The conceptual definition and understanding of time, both quantitatively and qualitatively is of the utmost difficulty and importance. As time is incorporated into the proper structure of the fabric of spacetime, it is interesting to note that General Relativity is contaminated with non-trivial geometries which generate closed timelike curves. A closed timelike curve (CTC) allows time travel, in the sense that an observer that travels on a trajectory in spacetime along this curve, may return to an event before his departure. This fact apparently violates causality, therefore time travel and it's associated paradoxes have to be treated with great caution. The paradoxes fall into two broad groups, namely the consistency paradoxes and the causal loops. A great variety of solutions to the Einstein field equations containing CTCs exist and it seems that two particularly notorious features stand out. Solutions with a tipping over of the light cones due to a rotation about a cylindrically symmetric axis and solutions that violate the energy conditions. All these aspects are analyzed in this review paper.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Aug 2010 07:24:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-10-21
[ [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ] ]
The conceptual definition and understanding of time, both quantitatively and qualitatively is of the utmost difficulty and importance. As time is incorporated into the proper structure of the fabric of spacetime, it is interesting to note that General Relativity is contaminated with non-trivial geometries which generate closed timelike curves. A closed timelike curve (CTC) allows time travel, in the sense that an observer that travels on a trajectory in spacetime along this curve, may return to an event before his departure. This fact apparently violates causality, therefore time travel and it's associated paradoxes have to be treated with great caution. The paradoxes fall into two broad groups, namely the consistency paradoxes and the causal loops. A great variety of solutions to the Einstein field equations containing CTCs exist and it seems that two particularly notorious features stand out. Solutions with a tipping over of the light cones due to a rotation about a cylindrically symmetric axis and solutions that violate the energy conditions. All these aspects are analyzed in this review paper.
2008.04737
Gabriele Umberto Varieschi
Gabriele U. Varieschi
Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity and Disk Galaxies
23 pages, including 6 figures: references added and other minor changes after peer review. Final version to be published in The European Physical Journal Plus, Springer
Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 183 (2021)
10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01165-w
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper continues previous work on a novel alternative model of gravity, based on the theory of fractional-dimension spaces applied to Newton's law of gravitation. In particular, our Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity is now applied to axially-symmetric structures, such as thin/thick disk galaxies described by exponential, Kuzmin, or other similar mass distributions. As in the case of spherically-symmetric structures, which was studied in previous work on the subject, we examine a possible connection between our model and Modified Newtonian Dynamics, a leading alternative gravity model, which accounts for the observed properties of galaxies and other astrophysical structures without requiring the dark matter hypothesis. By relating the MOND acceleration constant $a_{0} \simeq 1.2 \times 10^{ -10}\mbox{m}\thinspace \mbox{s}^{ -2}$ to a natural scale length $l_{0}$ of our model, namely $a_{0} \approx GM/l_{0}^{2}$ for a galaxy of mass $M$, and by using the empirical Radial Acceleration Relation, we are able to explain the connection between the observed radial acceleration $g_{obs}$ and the baryonic radial acceleration $g_{bar}$ in terms of a variable local dimension $D$. As an example of this methodology, we provide a detailed rotation curve fitting for the case of the field dwarf spiral galaxy NGC 6503.
[ { "created": "Sat, 8 Aug 2020 05:09:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 29 Sep 2020 23:36:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Feb 2021 01:35:59 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-02-15
[ [ "Varieschi", "Gabriele U.", "" ] ]
This paper continues previous work on a novel alternative model of gravity, based on the theory of fractional-dimension spaces applied to Newton's law of gravitation. In particular, our Newtonian Fractional-Dimension Gravity is now applied to axially-symmetric structures, such as thin/thick disk galaxies described by exponential, Kuzmin, or other similar mass distributions. As in the case of spherically-symmetric structures, which was studied in previous work on the subject, we examine a possible connection between our model and Modified Newtonian Dynamics, a leading alternative gravity model, which accounts for the observed properties of galaxies and other astrophysical structures without requiring the dark matter hypothesis. By relating the MOND acceleration constant $a_{0} \simeq 1.2 \times 10^{ -10}\mbox{m}\thinspace \mbox{s}^{ -2}$ to a natural scale length $l_{0}$ of our model, namely $a_{0} \approx GM/l_{0}^{2}$ for a galaxy of mass $M$, and by using the empirical Radial Acceleration Relation, we are able to explain the connection between the observed radial acceleration $g_{obs}$ and the baryonic radial acceleration $g_{bar}$ in terms of a variable local dimension $D$. As an example of this methodology, we provide a detailed rotation curve fitting for the case of the field dwarf spiral galaxy NGC 6503.
gr-qc/0701097
Eri Mena
E. Mena, O. Obregon and M. Sabido
WKB-type Approximation to Noncommutative Quantum Cosmology
Revtex4, 6 pages, no figures
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D18:95-106,2009
10.1142/S0218271809014376
null
gr-qc
null
In this work, we develop and apply the WKB approximation to several examples of noncommutative quantum cosmology, obtaining the time evolution of the noncommutative universe, this is done starting from a noncommutative quantum formulation of cosmology where the noncommutativity is introduced by a deformation on the minisuperspace variables. This procedure gives a straightforward algorithm to incorporate noncommutativity to cosmology and inflation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Jan 2007 23:12:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-03-24
[ [ "Mena", "E.", "" ], [ "Obregon", "O.", "" ], [ "Sabido", "M.", "" ] ]
In this work, we develop and apply the WKB approximation to several examples of noncommutative quantum cosmology, obtaining the time evolution of the noncommutative universe, this is done starting from a noncommutative quantum formulation of cosmology where the noncommutativity is introduced by a deformation on the minisuperspace variables. This procedure gives a straightforward algorithm to incorporate noncommutativity to cosmology and inflation.
gr-qc/9503064
Troy Schilling
Troy A. Schilling
Non-covariance of the generalized holonomies: Examples
Silly LaTeX error fixed so that figure is properly included
J.Math.Phys.37:4041-4052,1996
10.1063/1.531615
GCPG-95/3-1
gr-qc
null
A key aspect of a recent proposal for a {\em generalized loop representation} of quantum Yang-Mills theory and gravity is considered. Such a representation of the quantum theory has been expected to arise via consideration of a particular algebra of observables -- given by the traces of the holonomies of {\em generalized loops}. We notice, however, a technical subtlety, which prevents us from reaching the conclusion that the generalized holonomies are covariant with respect to small gauge transformations. Further analysis is given which shows that they are {\em not} covariant with respect to small gauge transformations; their traces are {\em not} observables of the gauge theory. This result indicates what may be a serious complication to the use of generalized loops in physics.
[ { "created": "Fri, 31 Mar 1995 21:50:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 Apr 1995 02:03:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-11-01
[ [ "Schilling", "Troy A.", "" ] ]
A key aspect of a recent proposal for a {\em generalized loop representation} of quantum Yang-Mills theory and gravity is considered. Such a representation of the quantum theory has been expected to arise via consideration of a particular algebra of observables -- given by the traces of the holonomies of {\em generalized loops}. We notice, however, a technical subtlety, which prevents us from reaching the conclusion that the generalized holonomies are covariant with respect to small gauge transformations. Further analysis is given which shows that they are {\em not} covariant with respect to small gauge transformations; their traces are {\em not} observables of the gauge theory. This result indicates what may be a serious complication to the use of generalized loops in physics.
1911.09639
Marcin Kisielowski PhD
Marcin Kisielowski
Homogeneous-isotropic sector of loop quantum gravity: new approach
[v2] Published version. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI
Class. Quantum Grav. 37 (2020) 185004
10.1088/1361-6382/ab9bb9
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Recently, a new class of scalar constraint operators has been introduced in loop quantum gravity. They are defined on a space of solutions to the Gauss constraint and partial solutions to the vector constraint, called a vertex Hilbert space. We propose a subspace of the vertex Hilbert space formed by homogeneous-isotropic states, which is invariant under the action of the new scalar constraint operators. As a result, the operators can be reduced to our homogeneous-isotropic subspace. The (generalized) eigenstates of the reduced operator are eigenstates of the full operator. We discuss the feasibility of numerical diagonalization of the reduced scalar constraint operator.
[ { "created": "Thu, 21 Nov 2019 17:52:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 30 Apr 2021 10:55:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-05-03
[ [ "Kisielowski", "Marcin", "" ] ]
Recently, a new class of scalar constraint operators has been introduced in loop quantum gravity. They are defined on a space of solutions to the Gauss constraint and partial solutions to the vector constraint, called a vertex Hilbert space. We propose a subspace of the vertex Hilbert space formed by homogeneous-isotropic states, which is invariant under the action of the new scalar constraint operators. As a result, the operators can be reduced to our homogeneous-isotropic subspace. The (generalized) eigenstates of the reduced operator are eigenstates of the full operator. We discuss the feasibility of numerical diagonalization of the reduced scalar constraint operator.
1507.07845
Yen Chin Ong
Yen Chin Ong
Hawking Evaporation Time Scale of Topological Black Holes in Anti-de Sitter Spacetime
Published version
Nucl. Phys. B 903 (2016) 387
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2016.01.005
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It was recently pointed out that if an absorbing boundary condition is imposed at infinity, an asymptotically anti-de Sitter Schwarzschild black hole with a spherical horizon takes only a finite amount of time to evaporate away even if its initial mass is arbitrarily large. We show that this is a rather generic property in AdS spacetimes: regardless of their horizon topologies, neutral AdS black holes in general relativity take about the same amount of time to evaporate down to the same size of order L, the AdS length scale. Our discussion focuses on the case in which the black hole has toral event horizon. A brief comment is made on the hyperbolic case, i.e. for black holes with negatively curved horizons.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Jul 2015 16:55:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 13 Feb 2016 21:26:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-02-16
[ [ "Ong", "Yen Chin", "" ] ]
It was recently pointed out that if an absorbing boundary condition is imposed at infinity, an asymptotically anti-de Sitter Schwarzschild black hole with a spherical horizon takes only a finite amount of time to evaporate away even if its initial mass is arbitrarily large. We show that this is a rather generic property in AdS spacetimes: regardless of their horizon topologies, neutral AdS black holes in general relativity take about the same amount of time to evaporate down to the same size of order L, the AdS length scale. Our discussion focuses on the case in which the black hole has toral event horizon. A brief comment is made on the hyperbolic case, i.e. for black holes with negatively curved horizons.
2403.09388
Che-Yu Chen
Che-Yu Chen, Yuki Yokokura
Imaging a semi-classical horizonless compact object with strong redshift
15 pages, 10 figures. Matching published version
Phys. Rev. D 109 (2024) 104058
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.104058
RIKEN-iTHEMS-Report-24
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The recent advancements in black hole imaging have opened a new era of probing horizon-scale physics with electromagnetic radiation. However, a feature of the observed images, a bright ring encircling a relatively dark region, has not sufficiently proved the existence of event horizons. It thus requires extreme care when studying the possibility of using such image features to examine quantum effects that may change the classical picture of black holes slightly or drastically. In this work, we investigate the image of a horizonless compact object, whose interior metric satisfies the 4D semi-classical Einstein equation non-perturbatively for the Planck constant, and whose entropy agrees with the Bekenstein-Hawking formula. Although the absence of an event horizon allows light rays to pass through the dense interior, the extremely strong redshift significantly darkens the image, making it almost identical to the classical black-hole image. In particular, if there is light emission a bit inside the surface of the object, the intensity around the inner shadow is slightly enhanced, which could be a future observable prediction to characterize the object. We also find through a phenomenological parameter that the image is further darkened due to interactions inside. Thus, the image is consistent with current observations, and the object could be a candidate for black holes in quantum theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 Mar 2024 13:39:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 May 2024 08:47:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-22
[ [ "Chen", "Che-Yu", "" ], [ "Yokokura", "Yuki", "" ] ]
The recent advancements in black hole imaging have opened a new era of probing horizon-scale physics with electromagnetic radiation. However, a feature of the observed images, a bright ring encircling a relatively dark region, has not sufficiently proved the existence of event horizons. It thus requires extreme care when studying the possibility of using such image features to examine quantum effects that may change the classical picture of black holes slightly or drastically. In this work, we investigate the image of a horizonless compact object, whose interior metric satisfies the 4D semi-classical Einstein equation non-perturbatively for the Planck constant, and whose entropy agrees with the Bekenstein-Hawking formula. Although the absence of an event horizon allows light rays to pass through the dense interior, the extremely strong redshift significantly darkens the image, making it almost identical to the classical black-hole image. In particular, if there is light emission a bit inside the surface of the object, the intensity around the inner shadow is slightly enhanced, which could be a future observable prediction to characterize the object. We also find through a phenomenological parameter that the image is further darkened due to interactions inside. Thus, the image is consistent with current observations, and the object could be a candidate for black holes in quantum theory.
1010.1124
Stefan Danilishin
Farid Khalili, Stefan Danilishin, Helge Mueller-Ebhardt, Haixing Miao, Yanbei Chen and Chunnong Zhao
Negative optical inertia for enhancing the sensitivity of future gravitational-wave detectors
7 pages, 3 figures
Phys.Rev.D83:062003,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.062003
null
gr-qc physics.optics
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider enhancing the sensitivity of future gravitational-wave detectors by using double optical spring. When the power, detuning and bandwidth of the two carriers are chosen appropriately, the effect of the double optical spring can be described as a "negative inertia", which cancels the positive inertia of the test masses and thus increases their response to gravitational waves. This allows us to surpass the free-mass Standard Quantum Limit (SQL) over a broad frequency band, through signal amplification, rather than noise cancelation, which has been the case for all broadband SQL-beating schemes so far considered for gravitational-wave detectors. The merit of such signal amplification schemes lies in the fact that they are less susceptible to optical losses than noise cancelation schemes. We show that it is feasible to demonstrate such an effect with the {\it Gingin High Optical Power Test Facility}, and it can eventually be implemented in future advanced GW detectors.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Oct 2010 11:21:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-03-22
[ [ "Khalili", "Farid", "" ], [ "Danilishin", "Stefan", "" ], [ "Mueller-Ebhardt", "Helge", "" ], [ "Miao", "Haixing", "" ], [ "Chen", "Yanbei", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Chunnong", "" ] ]
We consider enhancing the sensitivity of future gravitational-wave detectors by using double optical spring. When the power, detuning and bandwidth of the two carriers are chosen appropriately, the effect of the double optical spring can be described as a "negative inertia", which cancels the positive inertia of the test masses and thus increases their response to gravitational waves. This allows us to surpass the free-mass Standard Quantum Limit (SQL) over a broad frequency band, through signal amplification, rather than noise cancelation, which has been the case for all broadband SQL-beating schemes so far considered for gravitational-wave detectors. The merit of such signal amplification schemes lies in the fact that they are less susceptible to optical losses than noise cancelation schemes. We show that it is feasible to demonstrate such an effect with the {\it Gingin High Optical Power Test Facility}, and it can eventually be implemented in future advanced GW detectors.
gr-qc/0607125
Farook Rahaman
F.Rahaman, M.Kalam, R.Mondal and B.Raychaudhuri
Global monopole, dark matter and scalar tensor theory
8 pages, Accepted in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Mod.Phys.Lett.A22:971-978,2007
10.1142/S0217732307021317
null
gr-qc
null
In this article, we discuss the space-time of a global monopole field as a candidate for galactic dark matter in the context of scalar tensor theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Jul 2006 08:50:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Rahaman", "F.", "" ], [ "Kalam", "M.", "" ], [ "Mondal", "R.", "" ], [ "Raychaudhuri", "B.", "" ] ]
In this article, we discuss the space-time of a global monopole field as a candidate for galactic dark matter in the context of scalar tensor theory.
2107.14522
Fabrizio Esposito
Fabrizio Esposito, Sante Carloni, Roberto Cianci, Stefano Vignolo
Reconstructing isotropic and anisotropic $f(\mathcal{Q})$ cosmologies
12 pages, 16 figures
Phys. Rev. D 105, 084061 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.084061
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present a reconstruction algorithm for cosmological models based on $f(\mathcal{Q})$ gravity. We specifically focus on obtaining exact Bianchi Type-I and Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker solutions, finding solutions that might have application in a variety of scenarios such as spontaneous isotropization of Bianchi Type-I models, dark energy, inflation as well as pre-Big Bang cosmologies.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Jul 2021 10:10:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Oct 2021 08:06:54 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 11 May 2022 09:47:36 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-05-12
[ [ "Esposito", "Fabrizio", "" ], [ "Carloni", "Sante", "" ], [ "Cianci", "Roberto", "" ], [ "Vignolo", "Stefano", "" ] ]
We present a reconstruction algorithm for cosmological models based on $f(\mathcal{Q})$ gravity. We specifically focus on obtaining exact Bianchi Type-I and Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker solutions, finding solutions that might have application in a variety of scenarios such as spontaneous isotropization of Bianchi Type-I models, dark energy, inflation as well as pre-Big Bang cosmologies.
2309.10282
Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj Dr.
Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj, Anil Kumar Yadav, Lalit Kumar Gupta, Rajendra Prasad, Sudhir Kumar Srivastava
Constraining hybrid potential scalar field cosmological model in Lyra's geometry with recent observational data
24 pages, 12 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
In the current study, we investigate a scalar field cosmological model with Lyra's geometry to explain the present cosmic expansion in a homogeneous and isotropic flat FRW universe. In Einstein's field equations, we presupposed a variable displacement vector as an element of Lyra's geometry. In the context of the conventional theory of gravity, we suggest a suitable parameterization of the scalar field's dark energy density in the hybrid function of redshift $z$, confirming the essential transition behavior of the universe from a decelerating era to the present accelerated scenario. We present constraints on model parameters using the most recent observational data sets from OHD, BAO/CMB, and Pantheon, taking Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis into account. For the proposed model, the best estimated values of parameters for the combined dataset (OHD, BAO/CMB, and Pantheon) are $ H_0 = 71.15\pm 0.26$ km/s/Mpc, $ \Omega_{m0}=0.2625\pm 0.0024$, $ \Omega_{\phi0} = 0.676\pm0.038$, $ \alpha=-0.22\pm0.13$, $n = 0.096\pm0.079$, and $k = 0.38\pm0.32$. The model exhibits a flipping nature, and the redshift transition occurs at $z_t = 0.756^{+0.005}_{-0.015}$. The current value of the decelerated parameter for the proposed model is calculated as $q_0 = -0.625^{+0.067}_{-0.085}$ for the combined dataset. Some dynamical properties of the model like energy density ($\rho_{\phi}$), scalar field pressure ($p_{\phi}$), EoS parameter of scalar field ($\omega_{\phi}$), and effective EoS parameter ($\omega_{eff}$) are analyzed and presented. Further, we have also examined the statefinder diagnosis and jerk parameters of the derived model. The total density parameter for the derived model is found to be unity which is in nice agreement with recent standard findings.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Sep 2023 03:11:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 14 Jul 2024 06:37:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-16
[ [ "Bhardwaj", "Vinod Kumar", "" ], [ "Yadav", "Anil Kumar", "" ], [ "Gupta", "Lalit Kumar", "" ], [ "Prasad", "Rajendra", "" ], [ "Srivastava", "Sudhir Kumar", "" ] ]
In the current study, we investigate a scalar field cosmological model with Lyra's geometry to explain the present cosmic expansion in a homogeneous and isotropic flat FRW universe. In Einstein's field equations, we presupposed a variable displacement vector as an element of Lyra's geometry. In the context of the conventional theory of gravity, we suggest a suitable parameterization of the scalar field's dark energy density in the hybrid function of redshift $z$, confirming the essential transition behavior of the universe from a decelerating era to the present accelerated scenario. We present constraints on model parameters using the most recent observational data sets from OHD, BAO/CMB, and Pantheon, taking Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis into account. For the proposed model, the best estimated values of parameters for the combined dataset (OHD, BAO/CMB, and Pantheon) are $ H_0 = 71.15\pm 0.26$ km/s/Mpc, $ \Omega_{m0}=0.2625\pm 0.0024$, $ \Omega_{\phi0} = 0.676\pm0.038$, $ \alpha=-0.22\pm0.13$, $n = 0.096\pm0.079$, and $k = 0.38\pm0.32$. The model exhibits a flipping nature, and the redshift transition occurs at $z_t = 0.756^{+0.005}_{-0.015}$. The current value of the decelerated parameter for the proposed model is calculated as $q_0 = -0.625^{+0.067}_{-0.085}$ for the combined dataset. Some dynamical properties of the model like energy density ($\rho_{\phi}$), scalar field pressure ($p_{\phi}$), EoS parameter of scalar field ($\omega_{\phi}$), and effective EoS parameter ($\omega_{eff}$) are analyzed and presented. Further, we have also examined the statefinder diagnosis and jerk parameters of the derived model. The total density parameter for the derived model is found to be unity which is in nice agreement with recent standard findings.
gr-qc/9902082
Leor Barack
Leor Barack and Amos Ori
Late-time decay of scalar perturbations outside rotating black holes
Submitted to PRL in 16Nov98, resubmitted in 3Feb99; Reference added
Phys.Rev.Lett. 82 (1999) 4388
10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.4388
null
gr-qc
null
We present an analytic method for calculating the late-time tails of a linear scalar field outside a Kerr black hole. We give the asymptotic behavior at timelike infinity (for fixed $r$), at future null infinity, and along the event horizon (EH). In all three asymptotic regions we find a power-law decay. We show that the power indices describing the decay of the various modes at fixed $r$ differ from the corresponding Schwarzschild values. Also, the scalar field oscillates along the null generators of the EH (with advanced-time frequency proportional to the mode's magnetic number $m$).
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Feb 1999 21:07:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 28 Feb 1999 20:13:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Barack", "Leor", "" ], [ "Ori", "Amos", "" ] ]
We present an analytic method for calculating the late-time tails of a linear scalar field outside a Kerr black hole. We give the asymptotic behavior at timelike infinity (for fixed $r$), at future null infinity, and along the event horizon (EH). In all three asymptotic regions we find a power-law decay. We show that the power indices describing the decay of the various modes at fixed $r$ differ from the corresponding Schwarzschild values. Also, the scalar field oscillates along the null generators of the EH (with advanced-time frequency proportional to the mode's magnetic number $m$).
2207.10039
Bernardo Araneda
Steffen Aksteiner, Bernardo Araneda
Kaehler geometry of black holes and gravitational instantons
6 pages
null
10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.161502
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We obtain a closed formula for the Kaehler potential of a broad class of four-dimensional Lorentzian or Euclidean conformal "Kaehler" geometries, including the Plebanski-Demianski class and various gravitational instantons such as Fubini-Study and Chen-Teo. We show that the Kaehler potentials of Schwarzschild and Kerr are related by a Newman-Janis shift. Our method also shows that a class of supergravity black holes, including the Kerr-Sen spacetime, is Hermitian (but not conformal Kaehler). We finally show that the integrability conditions of complex structures lead naturally to the (non-linear) Weyl double copy, and we give new vacuum and non-vacuum examples of this relation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Jul 2022 17:08:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-05-03
[ [ "Aksteiner", "Steffen", "" ], [ "Araneda", "Bernardo", "" ] ]
We obtain a closed formula for the Kaehler potential of a broad class of four-dimensional Lorentzian or Euclidean conformal "Kaehler" geometries, including the Plebanski-Demianski class and various gravitational instantons such as Fubini-Study and Chen-Teo. We show that the Kaehler potentials of Schwarzschild and Kerr are related by a Newman-Janis shift. Our method also shows that a class of supergravity black holes, including the Kerr-Sen spacetime, is Hermitian (but not conformal Kaehler). We finally show that the integrability conditions of complex structures lead naturally to the (non-linear) Weyl double copy, and we give new vacuum and non-vacuum examples of this relation.
2002.03186
Tiberiu Harko
Shahab Shahidi, Tiberiu Harko, Zolt\'an Kov\'acs
Distinguishing Brans-Dicke-Kerr type naked singularities and black holes with their thin disk electromagnetic radiation properties
20 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in EPJC; references added
The European Physical Journal C 80, 162 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7736-x
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The possible existence of naked singularities, hypothetical astrophysical objects, characterized by a gravitational singularity without an event horizon is still an open problem in present day astrophysics. From an observational point of view distinguishing between astrophysical black holes and naked singularities also represents a major challenge. One possible way of differentiating naked singularities from black holes is through the comparative study of thin accretion disks properties around these different types of compact objects. In the present paper we continue the comparative investigation of accretion disk properties around axially-symmetric rotating geometries in Brans-Dicke theory in the presence of a massless scalar field. The solution of the field equations contains the Kerr metric as a particular case, and, depending on the numerical values of the model parameter $\gamma$, has also solutions corresponding to non-trivial black holes and naked singularities, respectively. Due to the differences in the exterior geometries between black holes and Brans-Dicke-Kerr naked singularities, the thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties of the disks (energy flux, temperature distribution and equilibrium radiation spectrum) are different for these two classes of compact objects, consequently giving clear observational signatures that could discriminate between black holes and naked singularities.
[ { "created": "Sat, 8 Feb 2020 15:37:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 14 Feb 2020 08:25:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-05-19
[ [ "Shahidi", "Shahab", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ], [ "Kovács", "Zoltán", "" ] ]
The possible existence of naked singularities, hypothetical astrophysical objects, characterized by a gravitational singularity without an event horizon is still an open problem in present day astrophysics. From an observational point of view distinguishing between astrophysical black holes and naked singularities also represents a major challenge. One possible way of differentiating naked singularities from black holes is through the comparative study of thin accretion disks properties around these different types of compact objects. In the present paper we continue the comparative investigation of accretion disk properties around axially-symmetric rotating geometries in Brans-Dicke theory in the presence of a massless scalar field. The solution of the field equations contains the Kerr metric as a particular case, and, depending on the numerical values of the model parameter $\gamma$, has also solutions corresponding to non-trivial black holes and naked singularities, respectively. Due to the differences in the exterior geometries between black holes and Brans-Dicke-Kerr naked singularities, the thermodynamic and electromagnetic properties of the disks (energy flux, temperature distribution and equilibrium radiation spectrum) are different for these two classes of compact objects, consequently giving clear observational signatures that could discriminate between black holes and naked singularities.
1105.1540
Yuri Pavlov
A. A. Grib, Yu. V. Pavlov, O. F. Piattella
High energy processes in the vicinity of the Kerr's black hole horizon
13 pages, 2 figures, added some formulas and one reference
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 26, No. 22 (2011) 3856-3867
10.1142/S0217751X11054310
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Two particle collisions close to the horizon of the rotating nonextremal black hole are analyzed. It is shown that high energy of the order of the Grand Unification scale in the centre of mass of colliding particles can be obtained when there is a multiple collision - the particle from the accretion disc gets the critical momentum in first collision with the other particle close to the horizon and then there is a second collision of the critical particle with the ordinary one. High energy occurs due to a great relative velocity of two particles and a large Lorentz factor. The dependence of the relative velocity on the distance to horizon is analyzed, the time of movement from the point in the accretion disc to the point of scattering with large energy as well as the time of back movement to the Earth are calculated. It is shown that they have reasonable order.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 May 2011 18:11:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 May 2011 15:29:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-03-23
[ [ "Grib", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Pavlov", "Yu. V.", "" ], [ "Piattella", "O. F.", "" ] ]
Two particle collisions close to the horizon of the rotating nonextremal black hole are analyzed. It is shown that high energy of the order of the Grand Unification scale in the centre of mass of colliding particles can be obtained when there is a multiple collision - the particle from the accretion disc gets the critical momentum in first collision with the other particle close to the horizon and then there is a second collision of the critical particle with the ordinary one. High energy occurs due to a great relative velocity of two particles and a large Lorentz factor. The dependence of the relative velocity on the distance to horizon is analyzed, the time of movement from the point in the accretion disc to the point of scattering with large energy as well as the time of back movement to the Earth are calculated. It is shown that they have reasonable order.
gr-qc/0508035
David Delphenich
David Delphenich
Symmetries and pre-metric electromagnetism
53 pages. Annalen der Physik (Leipzig) (2005), to be published
AnnalenPhys.14:663-704,2005
10.1002/andp.200510159
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
The equations of pre-metric electromagnetism are formulated as an exterior differential system on the bundle of exterior differential 2-forms over the spacetime manifold. The general form for the symmetry equations of the system is computed and then specialized to various possible forms for an electromagnetic constitutive law, namely, uniform linear, non-uniform linear, and uniform nonlinear. It is shown that in the uniform linear case, one has four possible ways of prolonging the symmetry Lie algebra, including prolongation to a Lie algebra of infinitesimal projective transformations of a real four-dimensional projective space. In the most general non-uniform linear case, th effect of non-uniformity on symmetry seems inconclusive in the absence of further specifics, and in the uniform nonlinear case, the overall difference from the uniform linear case amounts to a deformation of the electromagnetic constitutive tensor by the electromagnetic fields strengths, which induces a corresponding deformation of the symmetry Lie algebra that was obtained in the uniform linear case.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Aug 2005 20:15:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Delphenich", "David", "" ] ]
The equations of pre-metric electromagnetism are formulated as an exterior differential system on the bundle of exterior differential 2-forms over the spacetime manifold. The general form for the symmetry equations of the system is computed and then specialized to various possible forms for an electromagnetic constitutive law, namely, uniform linear, non-uniform linear, and uniform nonlinear. It is shown that in the uniform linear case, one has four possible ways of prolonging the symmetry Lie algebra, including prolongation to a Lie algebra of infinitesimal projective transformations of a real four-dimensional projective space. In the most general non-uniform linear case, th effect of non-uniformity on symmetry seems inconclusive in the absence of further specifics, and in the uniform nonlinear case, the overall difference from the uniform linear case amounts to a deformation of the electromagnetic constitutive tensor by the electromagnetic fields strengths, which induces a corresponding deformation of the symmetry Lie algebra that was obtained in the uniform linear case.
gr-qc/9707056
Yoonbai Kim
Nakwoo Kim, Yoonbai Kim and Kyoungtae Kimm
Global Vortex and Black Cosmic String
35 pages, Latex
Phys.Rev. D56 (1997) 8029-8044
10.1103/PhysRevD.56.8029
SNUTP-97-088
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study global vortices coupled to (2+1) dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant. We found nonsingular vortex solutions in $\phi^4$-theory with a broken U(1) symmetry, of which the spacetimes do not involve physical curvature singularity. When the magnitude of negative cosmological constant is larger than a critical value at a given symmetry breaking scale, the spacetime structure is a regular hyperbola, however it becomes a charged black hole when the magnitude of cosmological constant is less than the critical value. We explain through duality transformation the reason why static global vortex which is electrically neutral forms black hole with electric charge. Under the present experimental bound of the cosmological constant, implications on cosmology as a straight black cosmic string is also discussed in comparison with global U(1) cosmic string in the spacetime of the zero cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Sun, 27 Jul 1997 10:20:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Kim", "Nakwoo", "" ], [ "Kim", "Yoonbai", "" ], [ "Kimm", "Kyoungtae", "" ] ]
We study global vortices coupled to (2+1) dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant. We found nonsingular vortex solutions in $\phi^4$-theory with a broken U(1) symmetry, of which the spacetimes do not involve physical curvature singularity. When the magnitude of negative cosmological constant is larger than a critical value at a given symmetry breaking scale, the spacetime structure is a regular hyperbola, however it becomes a charged black hole when the magnitude of cosmological constant is less than the critical value. We explain through duality transformation the reason why static global vortex which is electrically neutral forms black hole with electric charge. Under the present experimental bound of the cosmological constant, implications on cosmology as a straight black cosmic string is also discussed in comparison with global U(1) cosmic string in the spacetime of the zero cosmological constant.
1806.03924
Jakub Mielczarek Ph.D.
Michal Artymowski, Jakub Mielczarek
Quantum Hubble horizon
15 pages, 3 figures
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7131-7
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The article addresses a possibility of obtaining cosmologically relevant effects from the quantum nature of the Hubble horizon. Following the observation made by E.~Bianchi and C.~Rovelli in Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 84} (2011) 027502 we explore relationship between the Planck scale discreteness of the Hubble horizon and deformations of the symmetry of rotations. We show that the so-called $q$-deformations in a natural way lead to a mechanism of condensation in the very early Universe. We argue that this provides a possible resolution of the problem of initial homogeneity at the onset of inflation. Furthermore, we perform entropic analysis of the quantum Hubble horizon and show that the $\Lambda$CDM model may arise from linearly (in area of the horizon) corrected Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Based on this, we have shown that the current accelerating expansion can be associated with the entropy decrease in the Hubble volume. The presented results open new ways to explore relation between the Planck scale effects and observationally relevant features of our Universe.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Jun 2018 11:43:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-09-04
[ [ "Artymowski", "Michal", "" ], [ "Mielczarek", "Jakub", "" ] ]
The article addresses a possibility of obtaining cosmologically relevant effects from the quantum nature of the Hubble horizon. Following the observation made by E.~Bianchi and C.~Rovelli in Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 84} (2011) 027502 we explore relationship between the Planck scale discreteness of the Hubble horizon and deformations of the symmetry of rotations. We show that the so-called $q$-deformations in a natural way lead to a mechanism of condensation in the very early Universe. We argue that this provides a possible resolution of the problem of initial homogeneity at the onset of inflation. Furthermore, we perform entropic analysis of the quantum Hubble horizon and show that the $\Lambda$CDM model may arise from linearly (in area of the horizon) corrected Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Based on this, we have shown that the current accelerating expansion can be associated with the entropy decrease in the Hubble volume. The presented results open new ways to explore relation between the Planck scale effects and observationally relevant features of our Universe.
gr-qc/0602020
Plyatsko Roman
Roman Plyatsko
Some partial solutions of Mathisson-Papapetrou equations in a Schwarzschild field
27 pages, 8 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The analytical and numerical solutions of the Mathisson-Papapetrou equations under the Mathisson-Pirani supplementary condition describing highly relativistic (ultrarelativistic) motions of a spinning particle in a Schwarzschild field are investigated. The known condition S/mr<<1, which is necessary for a test particle, holds on all these solutions. The explicit expressions for the non-equatorial circular orbits, in particular for the space boundaries of the region of existence of these orbits, are obtained. The dynamics of the deviation of a spinning particle from the equatorial ultrarelativistic circular orbit with r=3M caused by the non-zero initial value of the radial particle's velocity is studied. It is shown in the concrete cases that spin can considerable influence the shape of an ultrarelativistic trajectory, as compared to the corresponding geodesic trajectory, for the short time, less than the time of one or two revolutions of a spinning particle around a Schwarzschild mass.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Feb 2006 14:21:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Feb 2006 09:28:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Plyatsko", "Roman", "" ] ]
The analytical and numerical solutions of the Mathisson-Papapetrou equations under the Mathisson-Pirani supplementary condition describing highly relativistic (ultrarelativistic) motions of a spinning particle in a Schwarzschild field are investigated. The known condition S/mr<<1, which is necessary for a test particle, holds on all these solutions. The explicit expressions for the non-equatorial circular orbits, in particular for the space boundaries of the region of existence of these orbits, are obtained. The dynamics of the deviation of a spinning particle from the equatorial ultrarelativistic circular orbit with r=3M caused by the non-zero initial value of the radial particle's velocity is studied. It is shown in the concrete cases that spin can considerable influence the shape of an ultrarelativistic trajectory, as compared to the corresponding geodesic trajectory, for the short time, less than the time of one or two revolutions of a spinning particle around a Schwarzschild mass.
1511.03578
Maria Laura Pucheu
F. Briscese and M. L. Pucheu
Palatini formulation of non-local gravity
10 pages
null
10.1142/S0219887817500190
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the dynamical equations for a non-local gravity model in the Palatini formalism and we discuss some of the properties of this model. We have shown that, in some specific cases, the vacuum solutions of general relativity are also vacuum solutions of the non-local model, so we conclude that, at least in this case, the singularities of Einstein's gravity are not removed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Nov 2015 17:11:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Jan 2016 22:27:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Nov 2016 12:42:11 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-12-16
[ [ "Briscese", "F.", "" ], [ "Pucheu", "M. L.", "" ] ]
We derive the dynamical equations for a non-local gravity model in the Palatini formalism and we discuss some of the properties of this model. We have shown that, in some specific cases, the vacuum solutions of general relativity are also vacuum solutions of the non-local model, so we conclude that, at least in this case, the singularities of Einstein's gravity are not removed.
1912.04604
Mar\'ia Jos\'e Guzm\'an
Alexey Golovnev, Maria Jose Guzman
Disformal transformations in modified teleparallel gravity
12 pages, no figures; prepared for proceedings of the 10th Mathematical Physics Meeting: School and Conference on Modern Mathematical Physics, 9 - 14 September 2019, Belgrade, Serbia, in which one of us (AG) participated; matches the published version
Symmetry 12 (2020) 152
10.3390/sym12010152
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
In this work, we explore disformal transformations in the context of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity and modified teleparallel gravity. We present explicit formulas in components for disformal transformations of the main geometric objects in these theories such as torsion tensor, torsion vector and contortion. Most importantly, we consider the boundary term which distinguishes the torsion scalar from the Ricci scalar. With that we show for $f(T)$ gravity that disformal transformations from the Jordan frame representation are unable to straightforwardly remove local Lorentz breaking terms that characterize it. However, we have shown that disformal transformations have interesting properties, which can be useful for future applications in scalar-torsion gravity models, among others.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Dec 2019 10:01:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Jan 2020 03:22:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-01-15
[ [ "Golovnev", "Alexey", "" ], [ "Guzman", "Maria Jose", "" ] ]
In this work, we explore disformal transformations in the context of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity and modified teleparallel gravity. We present explicit formulas in components for disformal transformations of the main geometric objects in these theories such as torsion tensor, torsion vector and contortion. Most importantly, we consider the boundary term which distinguishes the torsion scalar from the Ricci scalar. With that we show for $f(T)$ gravity that disformal transformations from the Jordan frame representation are unable to straightforwardly remove local Lorentz breaking terms that characterize it. However, we have shown that disformal transformations have interesting properties, which can be useful for future applications in scalar-torsion gravity models, among others.
gr-qc/0307001
Richard O'Shaughenssy
R. O'Shaughnessy
Geometrical optics analysis of the short-time stability properties of the Einstein evolution equations
Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D68:084024,2003
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.084024
null
gr-qc
null
Many alternative formulations of Einstein's evolution have lately been examined, in an effort to discover one which yields slow growth of constraint-violating errors. In this paper, rather than directly search for well-behaved formulations, we instead develop analytic tools to discover which formulations are particularly ill-behaved. Specifically, we examine the growth of approximate (geometric-optics) solutions, studied only in the future domain of dependence of the initial data slice (e.g. we study transients). By evaluating the amplification of transients a given formulation will produce, we may therefore eliminate from consideration the most pathological formulations (e.g. those with numerically-unacceptable amplification). This technique has the potential to provide surprisingly tight constraints on the set of formulations one can safely apply. To illustrate the application of these techniques to practical examples, we apply our technique to the 2-parameter family of evolution equations proposed by Kidder, Scheel, and Teukolsky, focusing in particular on flat space (in Rindler coordinates) and Schwarzchild (in Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates).
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Jun 2003 20:08:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-04-03
[ [ "O'Shaughnessy", "R.", "" ] ]
Many alternative formulations of Einstein's evolution have lately been examined, in an effort to discover one which yields slow growth of constraint-violating errors. In this paper, rather than directly search for well-behaved formulations, we instead develop analytic tools to discover which formulations are particularly ill-behaved. Specifically, we examine the growth of approximate (geometric-optics) solutions, studied only in the future domain of dependence of the initial data slice (e.g. we study transients). By evaluating the amplification of transients a given formulation will produce, we may therefore eliminate from consideration the most pathological formulations (e.g. those with numerically-unacceptable amplification). This technique has the potential to provide surprisingly tight constraints on the set of formulations one can safely apply. To illustrate the application of these techniques to practical examples, we apply our technique to the 2-parameter family of evolution equations proposed by Kidder, Scheel, and Teukolsky, focusing in particular on flat space (in Rindler coordinates) and Schwarzchild (in Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates).
0801.0212
Sergey Cherkas L
K. A. Viarenich, V. L. Kalashnikov, S. L. Cherkas
Quantum mechanics of the closed collapsing Universe
8 pages 1 figire
Vestnik Belarus State U., ser. Fiz. 2 (2007) 3-7
null
null
gr-qc
null
Two approaches to quantization of Freedman's closed Universe are compared. In the first approach, the Shrodinger's norm of the wave function of Universe is used, and in the second approach, the Klein-Gordon's norm is used. The second one allows building the quasi-Heisenberg operators as functions of time and finding their average values. It is shown that the average value of the Universe scale factor oscillates with damping and approaches to some constant value at the end of the Universe evolution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 Dec 2007 14:52:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-01-03
[ [ "Viarenich", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Kalashnikov", "V. L.", "" ], [ "Cherkas", "S. L.", "" ] ]
Two approaches to quantization of Freedman's closed Universe are compared. In the first approach, the Shrodinger's norm of the wave function of Universe is used, and in the second approach, the Klein-Gordon's norm is used. The second one allows building the quasi-Heisenberg operators as functions of time and finding their average values. It is shown that the average value of the Universe scale factor oscillates with damping and approaches to some constant value at the end of the Universe evolution.
0705.1565
Christopher Eling
Christopher Eling, Ted Jacobson, M. Coleman Miller
Neutron stars in Einstein-aether theory
25 pages, 4 figures; v2: simplified the discussion of aether-matter couplings, removed one extraneous mass vs. pressure plot, added brief discussion of ae-theory effects in Ozel's mass determination method; v3: corrected the equation for aether stress tensor, results unchanged since correct form was used in calculations
Phys.Rev.D76:042003,2007; Erratum-ibid.D80:129906,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.042003 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.129906
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
As current and future experiments probe strong gravitational regimes around neutron stars and black holes, it is desirable to have theoretically sound alternatives to general relativity against which to test observations. Here we study the consequences of one such generalization, Einstein-aether theory, for the properties of non-rotating neutron stars. This theory has a parameter range that satisfies all current weak-field tests. We find that within this range it leads to lower maximum neutron star masses, as well as larger surface redshifts at a particular mass, for a given nuclear equation of state. For non-rotating black holes and neutron stars, the innermost stable circular orbit is only slightly modified in this theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 May 2007 23:16:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Aug 2007 20:01:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 6 Dec 2009 14:19:48 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-11-18
[ [ "Eling", "Christopher", "" ], [ "Jacobson", "Ted", "" ], [ "Miller", "M. Coleman", "" ] ]
As current and future experiments probe strong gravitational regimes around neutron stars and black holes, it is desirable to have theoretically sound alternatives to general relativity against which to test observations. Here we study the consequences of one such generalization, Einstein-aether theory, for the properties of non-rotating neutron stars. This theory has a parameter range that satisfies all current weak-field tests. We find that within this range it leads to lower maximum neutron star masses, as well as larger surface redshifts at a particular mass, for a given nuclear equation of state. For non-rotating black holes and neutron stars, the innermost stable circular orbit is only slightly modified in this theory.
2107.05656
Theodoros Nakas
Athanasios Bakopoulos and Theodoros Nakas
Analytic and asymptotically flat hairy (ultra-compact) black-hole solutions and their axial perturbations
23 pages, 8 figures, title changed, analysis extended, references updated, typos corrected, matches published version (to appear in JHEP)
null
10.1007/JHEP04(2022)096
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we consider a very simple gravitational theory that contains a scalar field with its kinetic and potential terms minimally coupled to gravity, while the scalar field is assumed to have a coulombic form. In the context of this theory, we study an analytic, asymptotically flat, and regular (ultra-compact) black-hole solutions with non-trivial scalar hair of secondary type. At first, we examine the properties of the static and spherically symmetric black-hole solution -- firstly appeared in 1504.08209 [gr-qc] -- and we find that in the causal region of the spacetime the stress-energy tensor, needed to support our solution, satisfies the strong energy conditions. Then, by using the slow-rotating approximation, we generalize the static solution into a slowly rotating one, and we determine explicitly its angular velocity $\omega(r)$. We also find that the angular velocity of our ultra-compact solution is always larger compared to the angular velocity of the corresponding equally massive slow-rotating Schwarzschild black hole. In addition, we investigate the axial perturbations of the derived solutions by determining the Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation and the effective potential. We show that there is a region in the parameter space of the free parameters of our theory, which allows for the existence of stable ultra-compact black hole solutions. Specifically, we calculate that the most compact and stable black hole solution is 0.551 times smaller than the Schwarzschild one, while it rotates 2.491 times faster compared to the slow-rotating Schwarzschild black hole. Finally, we present without going into details the generalization of the derived asymptotically flat solutions to asymptotically (A)dS solutions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Jul 2021 18:00:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Apr 2022 17:00:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-04-21
[ [ "Bakopoulos", "Athanasios", "" ], [ "Nakas", "Theodoros", "" ] ]
In this work, we consider a very simple gravitational theory that contains a scalar field with its kinetic and potential terms minimally coupled to gravity, while the scalar field is assumed to have a coulombic form. In the context of this theory, we study an analytic, asymptotically flat, and regular (ultra-compact) black-hole solutions with non-trivial scalar hair of secondary type. At first, we examine the properties of the static and spherically symmetric black-hole solution -- firstly appeared in 1504.08209 [gr-qc] -- and we find that in the causal region of the spacetime the stress-energy tensor, needed to support our solution, satisfies the strong energy conditions. Then, by using the slow-rotating approximation, we generalize the static solution into a slowly rotating one, and we determine explicitly its angular velocity $\omega(r)$. We also find that the angular velocity of our ultra-compact solution is always larger compared to the angular velocity of the corresponding equally massive slow-rotating Schwarzschild black hole. In addition, we investigate the axial perturbations of the derived solutions by determining the Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation and the effective potential. We show that there is a region in the parameter space of the free parameters of our theory, which allows for the existence of stable ultra-compact black hole solutions. Specifically, we calculate that the most compact and stable black hole solution is 0.551 times smaller than the Schwarzschild one, while it rotates 2.491 times faster compared to the slow-rotating Schwarzschild black hole. Finally, we present without going into details the generalization of the derived asymptotically flat solutions to asymptotically (A)dS solutions.
gr-qc/0406005
Grigory Volovik
G.E. Volovik
On thermodynamic and quantum fluctuations of cosmological constant
4 pages, version submitted to JETP Letters
JETP Lett. 80 (2004) 465-468
10.1134/1.1839291
null
gr-qc cond-mat.stat-mech hep-ph
null
We discuss from the condensed-matter point of view the recent idea that the Poisson fluctuations of cosmological constant about zero could be a source of the observed dark energy. We argue that the thermodynamic fluctuations of Lambda are much bigger. Since the amplitude of fluctuations is proportional to V^{-1/2}, where V is the volume of the Universe, the present constraint on the cosmological constant provides the lower limit for V, which is much bigger than the volume within the cosmological horizon.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Jun 2004 13:36:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Jun 2004 12:26:58 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Jul 2004 14:56:18 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 23 Jul 2004 13:55:49 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Sep 2004 10:57:04 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Volovik", "G. E.", "" ] ]
We discuss from the condensed-matter point of view the recent idea that the Poisson fluctuations of cosmological constant about zero could be a source of the observed dark energy. We argue that the thermodynamic fluctuations of Lambda are much bigger. Since the amplitude of fluctuations is proportional to V^{-1/2}, where V is the volume of the Universe, the present constraint on the cosmological constant provides the lower limit for V, which is much bigger than the volume within the cosmological horizon.
1812.09623
\.Izzet Sakall{\i}
\.Izzet Sakall{\i} and G\"ulnihal Tokg\"oz
Spectroscopy of Stringy Black Hole
Some typos have been fixed. 8 pages & 1 figure. The 10th International Physics Conference of the Balkan Physical Union (BPU10), 26-30 August 2018. To be published in AIP Conference Proceedings in April 2019
AIP Conference Proceedings 2075, 040001 (2019)
10.1063/1.5091161
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Maggiore's method, which evaluates the transition frequency that appears in the adiabatic invariant from the highly damped modes, is used to investigate the entropy/area spectra of the Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger black hole (GHS-BH). We compute the resonance modes of the GHS-BH by using the confined scalar waves having high azimuthal quantum number. Although the area and entropy are characterized by the GHS-BH parameters, their quantizations are shown to be independent of those parameters. However, both spectra are equally spaced.
[ { "created": "Sat, 22 Dec 2018 23:21:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 16 Feb 2019 20:44:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-02-11
[ [ "Sakallı", "İzzet", "" ], [ "Tokgöz", "Gülnihal", "" ] ]
The Maggiore's method, which evaluates the transition frequency that appears in the adiabatic invariant from the highly damped modes, is used to investigate the entropy/area spectra of the Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger black hole (GHS-BH). We compute the resonance modes of the GHS-BH by using the confined scalar waves having high azimuthal quantum number. Although the area and entropy are characterized by the GHS-BH parameters, their quantizations are shown to be independent of those parameters. However, both spectra are equally spaced.
gr-qc/0512027
Peter Kuhfittig K.F.
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
More on wormholes supported by small amounts of exotic matter
8 pages AMSTeX; 3 figures added
Phys.Rev. D73 (2006) 084014
10.1103/PhysRevD.73.084014
null
gr-qc
null
Recent papers by Fewster and Roman have emphasized that wormholes supported by arbitrarily small amounts of exotic matter will have to be incredibly fine-tuned if they are to be traversable. This paper discusses a wormhole model that strikes a balance between two conflicting requirements, reducing the amount of exotic matter and fine-tuning the metric coefficients, ultimately resulting in an engineering challenge: one requirement can only be met at the expense of the other. The wormhole model is macroscopic and satisfies various traversability criteria.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Dec 2005 15:34:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 28 Apr 2006 20:24:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Kuhfittig", "Peter K. F.", "" ] ]
Recent papers by Fewster and Roman have emphasized that wormholes supported by arbitrarily small amounts of exotic matter will have to be incredibly fine-tuned if they are to be traversable. This paper discusses a wormhole model that strikes a balance between two conflicting requirements, reducing the amount of exotic matter and fine-tuning the metric coefficients, ultimately resulting in an engineering challenge: one requirement can only be met at the expense of the other. The wormhole model is macroscopic and satisfies various traversability criteria.
2401.12454
Ming Chen
Ming Chen, Gabriele Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Yao-Zhong Zhang
Charged massless scalar fields in a charged $C$-metric black hole: Exact solutions, Hawking radiation and scattering of scalar waves
33 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We study Hawking radiation and wave scattering of charged scalar fields in a charged $C$-metric black hole background. The conformally invariant wave equation for charged scalar fields can be separated into radial and angular parts, each with five singularities. We show that the radial and angular equations can be respectively transformed into the general Heun equation. We explore exact solutions of the radial Heun equation in terms of the local Heun functions and connection coefficients. Exact behaviours of the asymptotic wave functions are determined without approximations. We apply the exact results to derive Hawking radiation, quasi-normal modes and superradiance. Since quasinormal modes are significant for black holes through gravitional waves, we present the numeric results for quasinormal modes, and show the dependence upon the $C$-metric parameters and the charge of scalar fields. The analytic expressions of the solutions allow us to make fast numerical calculations of high precision without restrictions on the model parameters.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Jan 2024 02:50:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 11 Feb 2024 01:00:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-02-13
[ [ "Chen", "Ming", "" ], [ "Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli", "Gabriele", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Yao-Zhong", "" ] ]
We study Hawking radiation and wave scattering of charged scalar fields in a charged $C$-metric black hole background. The conformally invariant wave equation for charged scalar fields can be separated into radial and angular parts, each with five singularities. We show that the radial and angular equations can be respectively transformed into the general Heun equation. We explore exact solutions of the radial Heun equation in terms of the local Heun functions and connection coefficients. Exact behaviours of the asymptotic wave functions are determined without approximations. We apply the exact results to derive Hawking radiation, quasi-normal modes and superradiance. Since quasinormal modes are significant for black holes through gravitional waves, we present the numeric results for quasinormal modes, and show the dependence upon the $C$-metric parameters and the charge of scalar fields. The analytic expressions of the solutions allow us to make fast numerical calculations of high precision without restrictions on the model parameters.
0710.1430
Natalia Kiriushcheva
K. R. Green, N. Kiriushcheva, S. V. Kuzmin
Analysis of Hamiltonian formulations of linearized General Relativity
Section Discussion is modified and references are added; 19 pages
Eur. Phys. J. C71:1678,2011
10.1140/epjc/s10052-011-1678-2
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The different forms of the Hamiltonian formulations of linearized General Relativity/spin-two theories are discussed in order to show their similarities and differences. It is demonstrated that in the linear model, non-covariant modifications to the initial covariant Lagrangian (similar to those modifications used in full gravity) are in fact unnecessary. The Hamiltonians and the constraints are different in these two formulations but the structure of the constraint algebra and the gauge invariance derived from it are the same. It is shown that these equivalent Hamiltonian formulations are related to each other by a canonical transformation which is explicitly given. The relevance of these results to the full theory of General Relativity is briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 7 Oct 2007 16:28:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Aug 2008 17:53:21 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Jul 2011 00:20:04 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-07-18
[ [ "Green", "K. R.", "" ], [ "Kiriushcheva", "N.", "" ], [ "Kuzmin", "S. V.", "" ] ]
The different forms of the Hamiltonian formulations of linearized General Relativity/spin-two theories are discussed in order to show their similarities and differences. It is demonstrated that in the linear model, non-covariant modifications to the initial covariant Lagrangian (similar to those modifications used in full gravity) are in fact unnecessary. The Hamiltonians and the constraints are different in these two formulations but the structure of the constraint algebra and the gauge invariance derived from it are the same. It is shown that these equivalent Hamiltonian formulations are related to each other by a canonical transformation which is explicitly given. The relevance of these results to the full theory of General Relativity is briefly discussed.
1701.06087
Anzhong Wang
Anzhong Wang
Ho\v{r}ava Gravity at a Lifshitz Point: A Progress Report
revtex4, three figures. Corrected various typos. Int. J. Mod. Phys. D26 (2017) 1730014
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D26 (2017) 1730014
10.1142/S0218271817300142
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Ho\v{r}ava gravity at a Lifshitz point is a theory intended to quantize gravity by using techniques of traditional quantum field theories. To avoid Ostrogradsky's ghosts, a problem that has been plaguing quantization of general relativity since the middle of 1970's, Ho\v{r}ava chose to break the Lorentz invariance by a Lifshitz-type of anisotropic scaling between space and time at the ultra-high energy, while recovering (approximately) the invariance at low energies. With the stringent observational constraints and self-consistency, it turns out that this is not an easy task, and various modifications have been proposed, since the first incarnation of the theory in 2009. In this review, we shall provide a progress report on the recent developments of Ho\v{r}ava gravity. In particular, we first present four most-studied versions of Ho\v{r}ava gravity, by focusing first on their self-consistency and then their consistency with experiments, including the solar system tests and cosmological observations. Then, we provide a general review on the recent developments of the theory in three different but also related areas: (i) universal horizons, black holes and their thermodynamics; (ii) non-relativistic gauge/gravity duality; and (iii) quantization of the theory. The studies in these areas can be generalized to other gravitational theories with broken Lorentz invariance.
[ { "created": "Sat, 21 Jan 2017 21:12:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Feb 2017 00:27:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Apr 2017 00:53:16 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-04-05
[ [ "Wang", "Anzhong", "" ] ]
Ho\v{r}ava gravity at a Lifshitz point is a theory intended to quantize gravity by using techniques of traditional quantum field theories. To avoid Ostrogradsky's ghosts, a problem that has been plaguing quantization of general relativity since the middle of 1970's, Ho\v{r}ava chose to break the Lorentz invariance by a Lifshitz-type of anisotropic scaling between space and time at the ultra-high energy, while recovering (approximately) the invariance at low energies. With the stringent observational constraints and self-consistency, it turns out that this is not an easy task, and various modifications have been proposed, since the first incarnation of the theory in 2009. In this review, we shall provide a progress report on the recent developments of Ho\v{r}ava gravity. In particular, we first present four most-studied versions of Ho\v{r}ava gravity, by focusing first on their self-consistency and then their consistency with experiments, including the solar system tests and cosmological observations. Then, we provide a general review on the recent developments of the theory in three different but also related areas: (i) universal horizons, black holes and their thermodynamics; (ii) non-relativistic gauge/gravity duality; and (iii) quantization of the theory. The studies in these areas can be generalized to other gravitational theories with broken Lorentz invariance.
1410.2581
Ilya Lvovich Shapiro
Ilya L. Shapiro (UFJF), Ana M. Pelinson (UFSC), Filipe de O. Salles (UFJF)
Gravitational Waves and Perspectives for Quantum Gravity
21 pages, 4 figures. LaTeX with WS style. Invited Brief Review published in Modern Physics Letters A
Modern Physics Letters. A29 No. 30 (2014) 1430034-1
10.1142/S0217732314300341
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Understanding the role of higher derivatives is probably one of the most relevant questions in quantum gravity theory. Already at the semiclassical level, when gravity is a classical background for quantum matter fields, the action of gravity should include fourth derivative terms to provide renormalizability in the vacuum sector. The same situation holds in the quantum theory of metric. At the same time, including the fourth derivative terms means the presence of massive ghosts, which are gauge-independent massive states with negative kinetic energy. At both classical and quantum level such ghosts violate stability and hence the theory becomes inconsistent. Several approaches to solve this contradiction were invented and we are proposing one more, which looks simpler than those what were considered before. We explore the dynamics of the gravitational waves on the background of classical solutions and give certain arguments that massive ghosts produce instability only when they are present as physical particles. At least on the cosmological background one can observe that if the initial frequency of the metric perturbations is much smaller than the mass of the ghost, no instabilities are present.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Oct 2014 19:18:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-10-10
[ [ "Shapiro", "Ilya L.", "", "UFJF" ], [ "Pelinson", "Ana M.", "", "UFSC" ], [ "Salles", "Filipe de O.", "", "UFJF" ] ]
Understanding the role of higher derivatives is probably one of the most relevant questions in quantum gravity theory. Already at the semiclassical level, when gravity is a classical background for quantum matter fields, the action of gravity should include fourth derivative terms to provide renormalizability in the vacuum sector. The same situation holds in the quantum theory of metric. At the same time, including the fourth derivative terms means the presence of massive ghosts, which are gauge-independent massive states with negative kinetic energy. At both classical and quantum level such ghosts violate stability and hence the theory becomes inconsistent. Several approaches to solve this contradiction were invented and we are proposing one more, which looks simpler than those what were considered before. We explore the dynamics of the gravitational waves on the background of classical solutions and give certain arguments that massive ghosts produce instability only when they are present as physical particles. At least on the cosmological background one can observe that if the initial frequency of the metric perturbations is much smaller than the mass of the ghost, no instabilities are present.
2201.00599
Yang Liu
Yang Liu
The effect of quantum correction on Hawking radiation for Schwarzschild black holes
null
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate the effect of quantum correction on Hawking radiation for Schwarzschild black holes. We consider Hawking temperature and entropy to order G^2 and find that the area law of black holes should be modified. We think of Hawking radiation as tunneling and find that at certain frequency {\omega} the radiation spectrum of black holes can be pure blackbody spectrum. Therefore, it is possible to break down information conservation. In order to ensure information conservation at any energy scales, we suggest that black holes cannot release all information they have. We briefly discuss the bound on greybody factors for Schwarzschild black holes as well. Since the modification of horizon is very tiny, the bound on greybody factors has a very small difference between classical metric and quantum corrected metric.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Jan 2022 12:02:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-04
[ [ "Liu", "Yang", "" ] ]
We investigate the effect of quantum correction on Hawking radiation for Schwarzschild black holes. We consider Hawking temperature and entropy to order G^2 and find that the area law of black holes should be modified. We think of Hawking radiation as tunneling and find that at certain frequency {\omega} the radiation spectrum of black holes can be pure blackbody spectrum. Therefore, it is possible to break down information conservation. In order to ensure information conservation at any energy scales, we suggest that black holes cannot release all information they have. We briefly discuss the bound on greybody factors for Schwarzschild black holes as well. Since the modification of horizon is very tiny, the bound on greybody factors has a very small difference between classical metric and quantum corrected metric.
1105.2658
Jackson Levi Said
Jackson Levi Said, Kristian Zarb Adami
Rotating Charged Cylindrical Black Holes as Particle Accelerators
6 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. D 83, 104047 (2011)
Phys.Rev.D83:104047,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.104047
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has recently been pointed out that arbitrary center-of-mass energies may be obtained for particle collisions near the horizon of an extremal Kerr black hole. We investigate this mechanism in cylindrical topology. In particular we consider the center-of-mass energies of a cylindrical black hole with an extremal rotation and charge parameter. The geodesics are first derived with a rotating charged cylindrical black hole producing the background gravitational field. Finally the center-of-mass is determined for this background and its extremal limit is taken.
[ { "created": "Fri, 13 May 2011 08:40:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 28 May 2011 13:07:49 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 10 Jul 2011 21:27:01 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-03-19
[ [ "Said", "Jackson Levi", "" ], [ "Adami", "Kristian Zarb", "" ] ]
It has recently been pointed out that arbitrary center-of-mass energies may be obtained for particle collisions near the horizon of an extremal Kerr black hole. We investigate this mechanism in cylindrical topology. In particular we consider the center-of-mass energies of a cylindrical black hole with an extremal rotation and charge parameter. The geodesics are first derived with a rotating charged cylindrical black hole producing the background gravitational field. Finally the center-of-mass is determined for this background and its extremal limit is taken.
2007.03211
Handhika Ramadhan
A S. Habibina and H.S. Ramadhan
Geodesic of nonlinear electrodynamics and stable photon orbits
30 pages, 19 figures
Phys.Rev. D101 (2020) no.12, 124036
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.124036
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the geodesics of charged black holes in polynomial Maxwell Lagrangians, a subclass of models within the nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED). Specifically, we consider black holes in Kruglov, power-law, and Ayon-Beato-Garcia models. Our exploration on the corresponding null bound states reveals that photon can orbit the extremal black holes in stable radii outside the corresponding horizon. The reason behind this is the well-known theorem that a photon in a NLED background propagates along its own {\it effective} geometry. This nonlinearity is able to shift the local minimum of the effective potential away from its corresponding outer horizon. For the null scattering states we obtain corrections to the weak deflection angle off the black holes. We rule out the power-law model to be physical since its deflection angle does not reduce to the Schwarzschild in the limit of the vanishing charge.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Jul 2020 05:46:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-07-08
[ [ "Habibina", "A S.", "" ], [ "Ramadhan", "H. S.", "" ] ]
We study the geodesics of charged black holes in polynomial Maxwell Lagrangians, a subclass of models within the nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED). Specifically, we consider black holes in Kruglov, power-law, and Ayon-Beato-Garcia models. Our exploration on the corresponding null bound states reveals that photon can orbit the extremal black holes in stable radii outside the corresponding horizon. The reason behind this is the well-known theorem that a photon in a NLED background propagates along its own {\it effective} geometry. This nonlinearity is able to shift the local minimum of the effective potential away from its corresponding outer horizon. For the null scattering states we obtain corrections to the weak deflection angle off the black holes. We rule out the power-law model to be physical since its deflection angle does not reduce to the Schwarzschild in the limit of the vanishing charge.
gr-qc/9606022
Jorge Pullin
Carsten Gundlach and Jorge Pullin
Ill-posedness of a double null free evolution scheme for black hole spacetimes
5 pages, RevTeX, 1 figure, changes in introduction, title and conclusions, figure added, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav. 14 (1997) 991
10.1088/0264-9381/14/4/014
CGPG-96/6-3, LAEFF-96/11
gr-qc
null
We suggest that ``free evolution'' integration schemes for the Einstein equations (that do not enforce constraints) may contain exponentially growing modes that render them useless in numerical integrations of black hole spacetimes, independently of how the equations are differenced. As an example we consider the evolution of Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetimes in double null coordinates.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Jun 1996 15:22:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Jan 1997 15:23:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Gundlach", "Carsten", "" ], [ "Pullin", "Jorge", "" ] ]
We suggest that ``free evolution'' integration schemes for the Einstein equations (that do not enforce constraints) may contain exponentially growing modes that render them useless in numerical integrations of black hole spacetimes, independently of how the equations are differenced. As an example we consider the evolution of Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstr\"om spacetimes in double null coordinates.
1705.01378
Peter Horvathy
P.-M. Zhang, C. Duval, G. W. Gibbons and P. A. Horvathy
Soft Gravitons & the Memory Effect for Plane Gravitational Waves
40 pages, many figures. Matches published version
Phys. Rev. D 96, 064013 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.064013
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The "gravitational memory effect" due to an exact plane wave provides us with an elementary description of the diffeomorphisms associated with soft gravitons. It is explained how the presence of the latter may be detected by observing the motion of freely falling particles or other forms of gravitational wave detection. Numerical calculations confirm the relevance of the first, second and third time integrals of the Riemann tensor pointed out earlier. Solutions for various profiles are constructed. It is also shown how to extend our treatment to Einstein-Maxwell plane waves and a midi-superspace quantization is given.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 May 2017 12:13:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 May 2017 14:52:46 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 30 May 2017 06:06:09 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Sep 2017 16:53:54 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2017-10-02
[ [ "Zhang", "P. -M.", "" ], [ "Duval", "C.", "" ], [ "Gibbons", "G. W.", "" ], [ "Horvathy", "P. A.", "" ] ]
The "gravitational memory effect" due to an exact plane wave provides us with an elementary description of the diffeomorphisms associated with soft gravitons. It is explained how the presence of the latter may be detected by observing the motion of freely falling particles or other forms of gravitational wave detection. Numerical calculations confirm the relevance of the first, second and third time integrals of the Riemann tensor pointed out earlier. Solutions for various profiles are constructed. It is also shown how to extend our treatment to Einstein-Maxwell plane waves and a midi-superspace quantization is given.
0810.1120
Roberto A. Sussman
Roberto A. Sussman
Quasi-local variables and inhomogeneous cosmological sources with spherical symmetry
8 pages, 2 pdf figures. Provides a concise summary of some of the results of arXiv:0801.3324v4 [gr-qc]. Submitted to the AIP Conference Proceedings of the III International Meeting on Gravitation and Cosmology, Morelia, Mexico, May 26-30, 2008
AIP Conf.Proc.1083:228-235,2008
10.1063/1.3058574
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine a large class of inhomogeneous spherically symmetric spacetimes that generalize the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi dust solutions to nonzero pressure ("LTB spacetimes"). Local covariant LTB objects can be expressed as perturbations of covariant quasi-local (QL) scalars that satisfy evolution equations of equivalent Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) scalars. Thus, the dynamics of these spacetimes can be rigorously described as non-linear, gauge invariant and covariant perturbations on a formal FLRW background given by the QL scalars. Since LTB spacetimes are compatible with a wide variety of "equations of state" and theoretical assumptions, they provide an ideal framework for numerical models of cosmological sources under idealized but fully non-linear conditions. As an illustrative example, we briefly examine the formation of a black hole in an expanding Chaplygin gas universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Oct 2008 08:13:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-05-12
[ [ "Sussman", "Roberto A.", "" ] ]
We examine a large class of inhomogeneous spherically symmetric spacetimes that generalize the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi dust solutions to nonzero pressure ("LTB spacetimes"). Local covariant LTB objects can be expressed as perturbations of covariant quasi-local (QL) scalars that satisfy evolution equations of equivalent Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) scalars. Thus, the dynamics of these spacetimes can be rigorously described as non-linear, gauge invariant and covariant perturbations on a formal FLRW background given by the QL scalars. Since LTB spacetimes are compatible with a wide variety of "equations of state" and theoretical assumptions, they provide an ideal framework for numerical models of cosmological sources under idealized but fully non-linear conditions. As an illustrative example, we briefly examine the formation of a black hole in an expanding Chaplygin gas universe.
gr-qc/0109033
Nashed Gamal Gergess Lamee
Gamal G.L. Nashed
Vacuum Non Singular Black Hole Solutions in Tetrad Theory of Gravitation
11 pages, LaTex, no figures, Submitted to GRG
Gen.Rel.Grav. 34 (2002) 1047-1058
10.1023/A:1016509920499
null
gr-qc
null
Starting from a spherically symmetric tetrad with three unknown functions of the radial coordinate, a general solution of M{\o}ller's field equations in case of spherical symmetry nonsingular black hole is derived. The previously obtained solutions are verified as special cases of the general solution. The general solution is characterized by an arbitrary function and two constants of integration. The general solution gives no more than the spherically symmetric nonsingular black hole solution. The energy content of the general solution depends on the asymptotic behavior of the arbitrary function, and is different from the standard one.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Sep 2001 21:08:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-10-20
[ [ "Nashed", "Gamal G. L.", "" ] ]
Starting from a spherically symmetric tetrad with three unknown functions of the radial coordinate, a general solution of M{\o}ller's field equations in case of spherical symmetry nonsingular black hole is derived. The previously obtained solutions are verified as special cases of the general solution. The general solution is characterized by an arbitrary function and two constants of integration. The general solution gives no more than the spherically symmetric nonsingular black hole solution. The energy content of the general solution depends on the asymptotic behavior of the arbitrary function, and is different from the standard one.
2402.11343
Anele Ncube
Alan S. Cornell, Sheldon R. Herbst, Hajar Noshad, Anele M. Ncube
Solving the Regge-Wheeler and Teukolsky equations: supervised vs. unsupervised physics-informed neural networks
22 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Expanding on the research on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve the eigenvalue problems in black hole (BH) perturbation theory, the supervised learning approach was investigated to solve the Regge-Wheeler and Teukolsky equations governing gravitational perturbations of Schwarzschild and Kerr BHs. Previous works have applied unsupervised PINNs to compute quasinormal mode frequencies, i.e. the discrete spectra of eigenvalues that satisfy the BH perturbation equations; however, that was limited to only the zeroth and first overtone (i.e. n = 0, 1). In this paper, supervised learning is used to compute higher overtones with approximation errors accentuated primarily by the input data rather than the PINNs themselves. Our results show the ability of PINNs to approximate overtones up to the limits set by the input data, which concurs with the universal approximation theory of neural networks.
[ { "created": "Sat, 17 Feb 2024 17:35:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-20
[ [ "Cornell", "Alan S.", "" ], [ "Herbst", "Sheldon R.", "" ], [ "Noshad", "Hajar", "" ], [ "Ncube", "Anele M.", "" ] ]
Expanding on the research on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve the eigenvalue problems in black hole (BH) perturbation theory, the supervised learning approach was investigated to solve the Regge-Wheeler and Teukolsky equations governing gravitational perturbations of Schwarzschild and Kerr BHs. Previous works have applied unsupervised PINNs to compute quasinormal mode frequencies, i.e. the discrete spectra of eigenvalues that satisfy the BH perturbation equations; however, that was limited to only the zeroth and first overtone (i.e. n = 0, 1). In this paper, supervised learning is used to compute higher overtones with approximation errors accentuated primarily by the input data rather than the PINNs themselves. Our results show the ability of PINNs to approximate overtones up to the limits set by the input data, which concurs with the universal approximation theory of neural networks.
1612.03259
Michael Maziashvili
Michael Maziashvili
Light incoherence due to background space fluctuations
6 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 94, 124044 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.124044
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Working by analogy, we use the description of light fluctuations due to random collisions of the radiating atoms to figure out why the reduction of the coherence for light propagating a cosmological distance in the fluctuating background space is negligibly small to be observed by the stellar interferometry.
[ { "created": "Sat, 10 Dec 2016 06:22:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-12-30
[ [ "Maziashvili", "Michael", "" ] ]
Working by analogy, we use the description of light fluctuations due to random collisions of the radiating atoms to figure out why the reduction of the coherence for light propagating a cosmological distance in the fluctuating background space is negligibly small to be observed by the stellar interferometry.
1105.5830
J\"org Hennig
Gernot Neugebauer and J\"org Hennig
Stationary two-black-hole configurations: A non-existence proof
27 pages, 1 figure
J. Geom. Phys. 62, 613 (2012)
10.1016/j.geomphys.2011.05.008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Based on the solution of a boundary problem for disconnected (Killing) horizons and the resulting violation of characteristic black hole properties, we present a non-existence proof for equilibrium configurations consisting of two aligned rotating black holes. Our discussion is principally aimed at developing the ideas of the proof and summarizing the results of two preceding papers (Neugebauer and Hennig, 2009 [29], Hennig and Neugebauer, 2011 [12]). From a mathematical point of view, this paper is a further example (Meinel et al., 2008 [22]) for the application of the inverse ("scattering") method to a non-linear elliptic differential equation.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 May 2011 21:31:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-01-17
[ [ "Neugebauer", "Gernot", "" ], [ "Hennig", "Jörg", "" ] ]
Based on the solution of a boundary problem for disconnected (Killing) horizons and the resulting violation of characteristic black hole properties, we present a non-existence proof for equilibrium configurations consisting of two aligned rotating black holes. Our discussion is principally aimed at developing the ideas of the proof and summarizing the results of two preceding papers (Neugebauer and Hennig, 2009 [29], Hennig and Neugebauer, 2011 [12]). From a mathematical point of view, this paper is a further example (Meinel et al., 2008 [22]) for the application of the inverse ("scattering") method to a non-linear elliptic differential equation.
1608.07511
Klaus Kassner
Klaus Kassner
Why ghosts don't touch: a tale of two adventurers falling one after another into a black hole
Submitted to European Journal of Physics, 1 figure with 2 panels
European Journal of Physics 38.1 (2016): 015605
10.1088/0143-0807/38/1/015605
null
gr-qc physics.ed-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The case for the utility of Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates in classroom made by Augousti et al. in this journal (Eur. J. Phys. 33:1--11, 2012) is strengthened by extending their discussion beyond the event horizon of the black hole. Observations made by two adventurers following one another into a Schwarzschild black hole are examined in terms of these nonsingular coordinates. Two scenarios are considered, the first corresponding to one observer following the other closely, the second to a significant distance between the two of them, precluding the existence of a common inertial system. In particular, the concepts of distance and temporal separation near the horizon and the redshift of the first infaller's image as seen by the second are investigated. The results show that the notion of "touching ghosts" does not correspond to the local physics of two observers falling into a black hole. The story line is interesting enough and the mathematical details are sufficiently simple to use the example in a general relativity course, even at the undergraduate level.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Aug 2016 16:34:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-03-13
[ [ "Kassner", "Klaus", "" ] ]
The case for the utility of Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates in classroom made by Augousti et al. in this journal (Eur. J. Phys. 33:1--11, 2012) is strengthened by extending their discussion beyond the event horizon of the black hole. Observations made by two adventurers following one another into a Schwarzschild black hole are examined in terms of these nonsingular coordinates. Two scenarios are considered, the first corresponding to one observer following the other closely, the second to a significant distance between the two of them, precluding the existence of a common inertial system. In particular, the concepts of distance and temporal separation near the horizon and the redshift of the first infaller's image as seen by the second are investigated. The results show that the notion of "touching ghosts" does not correspond to the local physics of two observers falling into a black hole. The story line is interesting enough and the mathematical details are sufficiently simple to use the example in a general relativity course, even at the undergraduate level.
1303.1308
Tatyana P. Shestakova
T. P. Shestakova
Hamiltonian dynamics in extended phase space for gravity and its consistency with Lagrangian formalism: a generalized spherically symmetric model as an example
4 pages, talk presented at the XIII Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Stockholm, Sweden, July 2012
Proceedings of the Thirteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity (Stockholm, Sweden, 2012), eds. by R. T Jantzen, K. Rosquist and R. Ruffini, World Scientific, Singapore (2015), P. 1880 - 1882
10.1142/9789814623995_0305
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Among theoretical issues in General Relativity the problem of constructing its Hamiltonian formulation is still of interest. The most of attempts to quantize Gravity are based upon Dirac generalization of Hamiltonian dynamics for system with constraints. At the same time there exists another way to formulate Hamiltonian dynamics for constrained systems guided by the idea of extended phase space. We have already considered some features of this approach in the previous MG12 Meeting by the example of a simple isotropic model. Now we apply the approach to a generalized spherically symmetric model which imitates the structure of General Relativity much better. In particular, making use of a global BRST symmetry and the Noether theorem, we construct the BRST charge that generates correct gauge transformations for all gravitational degrees of freedom.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Mar 2013 12:09:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-04-09
[ [ "Shestakova", "T. P.", "" ] ]
Among theoretical issues in General Relativity the problem of constructing its Hamiltonian formulation is still of interest. The most of attempts to quantize Gravity are based upon Dirac generalization of Hamiltonian dynamics for system with constraints. At the same time there exists another way to formulate Hamiltonian dynamics for constrained systems guided by the idea of extended phase space. We have already considered some features of this approach in the previous MG12 Meeting by the example of a simple isotropic model. Now we apply the approach to a generalized spherically symmetric model which imitates the structure of General Relativity much better. In particular, making use of a global BRST symmetry and the Noether theorem, we construct the BRST charge that generates correct gauge transformations for all gravitational degrees of freedom.
2110.02242
Parampreet Singh
Jorge Pullin, Parampreet Singh
Report on the session Loop Quantum Gravity: Cosmology and Black Holes of the 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting
5 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We summarize the main results of 19 talks presented at the QG3 session (loop quantum gravity: cosmology and black holes) of the 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting held online from July $5^{\mathrm{th}}$-10$^{\mathrm{th}}$, 2021.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Oct 2021 18:00:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-10-07
[ [ "Pullin", "Jorge", "" ], [ "Singh", "Parampreet", "" ] ]
We summarize the main results of 19 talks presented at the QG3 session (loop quantum gravity: cosmology and black holes) of the 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting held online from July $5^{\mathrm{th}}$-10$^{\mathrm{th}}$, 2021.
1909.13272
Jing-Bo Wang
Jingbo Wang
Hawking Radiation from Boundary Scalar Field
7 pages;v2, add the discussion about the impact on the information loss paradox,
Universe 2023, 9, 154
10.3390/universe9030154
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Hawking radiation is one essential property of quantum black hole. It results in the information loss paradox, and give important clue to the unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity. In the previous works, the boundary scalar field on the horizon of black holes were used to give the microstates of BTZ black holes and Kerr black holes. They are account for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. In this paper, we show that the Hawking radiation can also be derived from those scalar fields. Actually the Hawking radiation are superposition of thermal radiation of right/left sector at different temperatures. We also discuss the impact on the information loss paradox.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 Sep 2019 12:51:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 31 Dec 2019 08:30:45 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-24
[ [ "Wang", "Jingbo", "" ] ]
Hawking radiation is one essential property of quantum black hole. It results in the information loss paradox, and give important clue to the unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity. In the previous works, the boundary scalar field on the horizon of black holes were used to give the microstates of BTZ black holes and Kerr black holes. They are account for the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. In this paper, we show that the Hawking radiation can also be derived from those scalar fields. Actually the Hawking radiation are superposition of thermal radiation of right/left sector at different temperatures. We also discuss the impact on the information loss paradox.
0911.5560
Ryosuke Mizuno
Ryosuke Mizuno, Seiju Ohashi, Tetsuya Shiromizu
Static black hole uniqueness and Penrose inequality
6 pages
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.81.044030
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Under certain conditions, we give a new way to prove the uniqueness of static black hole in higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the proof, the Penrose inequality plays a key role in higher dimensions as well as four dimensions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Nov 2009 07:34:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-05-29
[ [ "Mizuno", "Ryosuke", "" ], [ "Ohashi", "Seiju", "" ], [ "Shiromizu", "Tetsuya", "" ] ]
Under certain conditions, we give a new way to prove the uniqueness of static black hole in higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the proof, the Penrose inequality plays a key role in higher dimensions as well as four dimensions.
2407.18790
Rubens R. S. Oliveira
R. R. S. Oliveira
Comment on "Exact massless spinor quasibound states of Schwarzschild black hole"
3 pages. Comment on "Exact massless spinor quasibound states of Schwarzschild black hole'' (DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138714)
Phys. Lett. B 856 (2024) 138888
10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138888
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this comment, we point out a series of errors made by Senjaya in your paper (2024) \cite{Senjaya}. In particular, these errors involved the Dirac equation in the 3+1 dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime, tetrad field, curved gamma matrices, and the time-independent Dirac equation written in terms of the inner/scalar product between the gamma matrices and the orbital angular momentum (i.e., $\vec{\gamma}\cdot\vec{L}$). Besides, the strange/peculiar thing about all this is that even Senjaya \cite{Senjaya} citing Collas and Klein \cite{Collas}, where the (mathematical) formalism is correct, everything indicates that he ``ignored'' or ``forgot'' to use such formalism in your paper. Therefore, using Ref. \cite{Collas}, we show here the correct form of the errors made by Senjaya \cite{Senjaya}.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Jul 2024 14:52:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-29
[ [ "Oliveira", "R. R. S.", "" ] ]
In this comment, we point out a series of errors made by Senjaya in your paper (2024) \cite{Senjaya}. In particular, these errors involved the Dirac equation in the 3+1 dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime, tetrad field, curved gamma matrices, and the time-independent Dirac equation written in terms of the inner/scalar product between the gamma matrices and the orbital angular momentum (i.e., $\vec{\gamma}\cdot\vec{L}$). Besides, the strange/peculiar thing about all this is that even Senjaya \cite{Senjaya} citing Collas and Klein \cite{Collas}, where the (mathematical) formalism is correct, everything indicates that he ``ignored'' or ``forgot'' to use such formalism in your paper. Therefore, using Ref. \cite{Collas}, we show here the correct form of the errors made by Senjaya \cite{Senjaya}.
gr-qc/9412021
Harald Mueller
Harald F. Muller and Christoph Schmid
Energy Density Fluctuations in Inflationary Cosmology
20 pages, uses AMSTex, 7 figures (not included)
null
null
ETH-TH/94-25
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We analyze the energy density fluctuations contributed by scalar fields $\Phi$ with vanishing expectation values, $\langle\Phi\rangle=0$, which are present in addition to the inflaton field. For simplicity we take $\Phi$ to be non--interacting and minimally coupled to gravity. We use normal ordering to define the renormalized energy density operator $\rho$, and we show that any normal ordering gives the same result for correlation functions of $\rho$. We first consider massless fields and derive the energy fluctuations in a single mode $\vk$, the two--point correlation function of the energy density, the power spectrum, and the variance of the smeared energy density, $\ddR$. Mass effects are investigated for energy fluctuations in single modes. All quantities considered are scale invariant at the second horizon crossing (Harrison--Zel'dovich type) for massless and for unstable massive fields. The magnitude of the relative fluctuations $\de\rho/\rt$ is of order $(\Hi/\Mp)^2$ in the massless case, where $\Hi$ is the Hubble constant during inflation. For an unstable field of mass $m_\Phi\ll\Hi$ with a decay rate $\Gamma_\Phi$ the magnitude is enhanced by a factor $\sqrt{m_\Phi/\Gamma_\Phi}$. Finally, the prediction for the cosmic variance of the average energy density in a sample is given in the massless case.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Dec 1994 15:27:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-25
[ [ "Muller", "Harald F.", "" ], [ "Schmid", "Christoph", "" ] ]
We analyze the energy density fluctuations contributed by scalar fields $\Phi$ with vanishing expectation values, $\langle\Phi\rangle=0$, which are present in addition to the inflaton field. For simplicity we take $\Phi$ to be non--interacting and minimally coupled to gravity. We use normal ordering to define the renormalized energy density operator $\rho$, and we show that any normal ordering gives the same result for correlation functions of $\rho$. We first consider massless fields and derive the energy fluctuations in a single mode $\vk$, the two--point correlation function of the energy density, the power spectrum, and the variance of the smeared energy density, $\ddR$. Mass effects are investigated for energy fluctuations in single modes. All quantities considered are scale invariant at the second horizon crossing (Harrison--Zel'dovich type) for massless and for unstable massive fields. The magnitude of the relative fluctuations $\de\rho/\rt$ is of order $(\Hi/\Mp)^2$ in the massless case, where $\Hi$ is the Hubble constant during inflation. For an unstable field of mass $m_\Phi\ll\Hi$ with a decay rate $\Gamma_\Phi$ the magnitude is enhanced by a factor $\sqrt{m_\Phi/\Gamma_\Phi}$. Finally, the prediction for the cosmic variance of the average energy density in a sample is given in the massless case.
1407.1188
Yusuf Kucukakca
Yusuf Kucukakca
Teleparallel dark energy model with a fermionic field via Noether symmetry
7 pages, no figure, the version accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal C
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3086-x
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the present work, we consider a model with a fermionic field that is non-minimally coupled to gravity in the framework of teleparallel gravity. In order to determine forms of the coupling and potential function of fermionic field for the considered model, we use Noether symmetry approach. By applying this approach, for the Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric, we obtain respective potential and coupling function as a linear and power-law form of the bilinear $\Psi$. Further we search the exact cosmological solution of the model. It is shown that the fermionic field plays role of the dark energy.
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Jul 2014 10:54:37 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Sep 2014 07:23:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-22
[ [ "Kucukakca", "Yusuf", "" ] ]
In the present work, we consider a model with a fermionic field that is non-minimally coupled to gravity in the framework of teleparallel gravity. In order to determine forms of the coupling and potential function of fermionic field for the considered model, we use Noether symmetry approach. By applying this approach, for the Friedman-Robertson-Walker metric, we obtain respective potential and coupling function as a linear and power-law form of the bilinear $\Psi$. Further we search the exact cosmological solution of the model. It is shown that the fermionic field plays role of the dark energy.
2402.14265
Wen-Di Guo
Wen-Di Guo and Qin Tan
Quasinormal modes of a charged black hole with scalar hair
10 pages, 4 figures, and 3 tables
Universe 9, 97, 320 (2023)
10.3390/universe9070320
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
From a five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory, Bah et al. constructed a singularity free topology star/black hole [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 151101 (2021)]. After the Klein-Kluza reduction, i.e., integrating the extra space dimension, it can obtain an effective four-dimensional static spherical charged black hole with scalar hair. In this paper, we study the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the scalar field, electromagnetic field, and gravitational field on the background of this effective four-dimensional charged black hole. The radial parts of the perturbed fields all satisfy a Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation. Using the asymptotic iteration method, we obtain the QNM frequencies semianalytically. For low overtone QNMs, the results obtained from the asymptotic iteration method and the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation method agree well. In the null coordinates, the evolution of a Gaussian package is also studied. The QNM frequencies obtained by fitting the evolution data also agree well with the results obtained by the asymptotic iteration method.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Feb 2024 04:03:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-02-23
[ [ "Guo", "Wen-Di", "" ], [ "Tan", "Qin", "" ] ]
From a five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory, Bah et al. constructed a singularity free topology star/black hole [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 151101 (2021)]. After the Klein-Kluza reduction, i.e., integrating the extra space dimension, it can obtain an effective four-dimensional static spherical charged black hole with scalar hair. In this paper, we study the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of the scalar field, electromagnetic field, and gravitational field on the background of this effective four-dimensional charged black hole. The radial parts of the perturbed fields all satisfy a Schr\"{o}dinger-like equation. Using the asymptotic iteration method, we obtain the QNM frequencies semianalytically. For low overtone QNMs, the results obtained from the asymptotic iteration method and the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation method agree well. In the null coordinates, the evolution of a Gaussian package is also studied. The QNM frequencies obtained by fitting the evolution data also agree well with the results obtained by the asymptotic iteration method.
gr-qc/9512036
Bernd Bruegmann
Bernd Bruegmann
On the constraint algebra of quantum gravity in the loop representation
17 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures included with epsf
Nucl.Phys.B474:249-268,1996
10.1016/0550-3213(96)00241-6
null
gr-qc
null
Although an important issue in canonical quantization, the problem of representing the constraint algebra in the loop representation of quantum gravity has received little attention. The only explicit computation was performed by Gambini, Garat and Pullin for a formal point-splitting regularization of the diffeomorphism and Hamiltonian constraints. It is shown that the calculation of the algebra simplifies considerably when the constraints are expressed not in terms of generic area derivatives but rather as the specific shift operators that reflect the geometric meaning of the constraints.
[ { "created": "Wed, 20 Dec 1995 16:15:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Bruegmann", "Bernd", "" ] ]
Although an important issue in canonical quantization, the problem of representing the constraint algebra in the loop representation of quantum gravity has received little attention. The only explicit computation was performed by Gambini, Garat and Pullin for a formal point-splitting regularization of the diffeomorphism and Hamiltonian constraints. It is shown that the calculation of the algebra simplifies considerably when the constraints are expressed not in terms of generic area derivatives but rather as the specific shift operators that reflect the geometric meaning of the constraints.
0707.1202
Emanuele Berti
Emanuele Berti, Jaime Cardoso, Vitor Cardoso, Marco Cavaglia
Matched-filtering and parameter estimation of ringdown waveforms
19 pages, 9 figures, matches version in press in PRD
Phys.Rev.D76:104044,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.76.104044
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Using recent results from numerical relativity simulations of non-spinning binary black hole mergers we revisit the problem of detecting ringdown waveforms and of estimating the source parameters, considering both LISA and Earth-based interferometers. We find that Advanced LIGO and EGO could detect intermediate-mass black holes of mass up to about 1000 solar masses out to a luminosity distance of a few Gpc. For typical multipolar energy distributions, we show that the single-mode ringdown templates presently used for ringdown searches in the LIGO data stream can produce a significant event loss (> 10% for all detectors in a large interval of black hole masses) and very large parameter estimation errors on the black hole's mass and spin. We estimate that more than 10^6 templates would be needed for a single-stage multi-mode search. Therefore, we recommend a "two stage" search to save on computational costs: single-mode templates can be used for detection, but multi-mode templates or Prony methods should be used to estimate parameters once a detection has been made. We update estimates of the critical signal-to-noise ratio required to test the hypothesis that two or more modes are present in the signal and to resolve their frequencies, showing that second-generation Earth-based detectors and LISA have the potential to perform no-hair tests.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Jul 2007 09:10:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 18 Nov 2007 03:25:22 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Berti", "Emanuele", "" ], [ "Cardoso", "Jaime", "" ], [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ], [ "Cavaglia", "Marco", "" ] ]
Using recent results from numerical relativity simulations of non-spinning binary black hole mergers we revisit the problem of detecting ringdown waveforms and of estimating the source parameters, considering both LISA and Earth-based interferometers. We find that Advanced LIGO and EGO could detect intermediate-mass black holes of mass up to about 1000 solar masses out to a luminosity distance of a few Gpc. For typical multipolar energy distributions, we show that the single-mode ringdown templates presently used for ringdown searches in the LIGO data stream can produce a significant event loss (> 10% for all detectors in a large interval of black hole masses) and very large parameter estimation errors on the black hole's mass and spin. We estimate that more than 10^6 templates would be needed for a single-stage multi-mode search. Therefore, we recommend a "two stage" search to save on computational costs: single-mode templates can be used for detection, but multi-mode templates or Prony methods should be used to estimate parameters once a detection has been made. We update estimates of the critical signal-to-noise ratio required to test the hypothesis that two or more modes are present in the signal and to resolve their frequencies, showing that second-generation Earth-based detectors and LISA have the potential to perform no-hair tests.
2108.04146
Mengjie Wang
Yunhe Lei, Mengjie Wang, Jiliang Jing
Maxwell perturbations in a cavity with Robin boundary conditions: two branches of modes with spectrum bifurcation on Schwarzschild black holes
11 pages, 5 figures, published in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09942-8
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform a systematic study of the Maxwell quasinormal spectrum in a mirror-like cavity following the generic Robin type vanishing energy flux principle, by starting with the Schwarzschild black holes in this paper. It is shown that, for black holes in a cavity, the vanishing energy flux principle leads to \textit{two} different sets of boundary conditions. By solving the Maxwell equations with these two boundary conditions both analytically and numerically, we observe \textit{two} distinct sets of modes. This indicates that the vanishing energy flux principle may be applied not only to asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes but also to black holes in a cavity. In the analytic calculations, the imaginary part of the Maxwell quasinormal modes are derived analytically for both boundary conditions, which match well with the numeric results. While in the numeric calculations, we complete a thorough study on the two sets of the Maxwell spectrum by varying the mirror radius $r_m$, the angular momentum quantum number $\ell$, and the overtone number $N$. In particular, we proclaim that the Maxwell spectrum may \textit{bifurcate} for both modes when the mirror is placed around the black hole event horizon, which is analogous to the spectrum bifurcation effects found for the Maxwell fields on asymptotically AdS black holes. This observation provides another example to exhibit the similarity between black holes in a cavity and the AdS black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Aug 2021 16:15:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Dec 2021 09:50:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-12-28
[ [ "Lei", "Yunhe", "" ], [ "Wang", "Mengjie", "" ], [ "Jing", "Jiliang", "" ] ]
We perform a systematic study of the Maxwell quasinormal spectrum in a mirror-like cavity following the generic Robin type vanishing energy flux principle, by starting with the Schwarzschild black holes in this paper. It is shown that, for black holes in a cavity, the vanishing energy flux principle leads to \textit{two} different sets of boundary conditions. By solving the Maxwell equations with these two boundary conditions both analytically and numerically, we observe \textit{two} distinct sets of modes. This indicates that the vanishing energy flux principle may be applied not only to asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes but also to black holes in a cavity. In the analytic calculations, the imaginary part of the Maxwell quasinormal modes are derived analytically for both boundary conditions, which match well with the numeric results. While in the numeric calculations, we complete a thorough study on the two sets of the Maxwell spectrum by varying the mirror radius $r_m$, the angular momentum quantum number $\ell$, and the overtone number $N$. In particular, we proclaim that the Maxwell spectrum may \textit{bifurcate} for both modes when the mirror is placed around the black hole event horizon, which is analogous to the spectrum bifurcation effects found for the Maxwell fields on asymptotically AdS black holes. This observation provides another example to exhibit the similarity between black holes in a cavity and the AdS black holes.
2307.13041
Marcelo E. Rubio
Marcelo E. Rubio, \'Aron D. Kov\'acs, M. Herrero-Valea, Miguel Bezares, Enrico Barausse
Well-posed evolution of field theories with anisotropic scaling: the Lifshitz scalar field in a black hole space-time
28 pages, 11 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in JCAP
JCAP11(2023)001
10.1088/1475-7516/2023/11/001
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Partial differential equations exhibiting an anisotropic scaling between space and time -- such as those of Horava-Lifshitz gravity -- have a dispersive nature. They contain higher-order spatial derivatives, but remain second order in time. This is inconvenient for performing long-time numerical evolutions, as standard explicit schemes fail to maintain convergence unless the time step is chosen to be very small. In this work, we develop an implicit evolution scheme that does not suffer from this drawback, and which is stable and second-order accurate. As a proof of concept, we study the numerical evolution of a Lifshitz scalar field on top of a spherically symmetric black hole space-time. We explore the evolution of a static pulse and an (approximately) ingoing wave-packet for different strengths of the Lorentz-breaking terms, accounting also for the effect of the angular momentum eigenvalue and the resulting effective centrifugal barrier. Our results indicate that the dispersive terms produce a cascade of modes that accumulate in the region in between the Killing and universal horizons, indicating a possible instability of the latter.
[ { "created": "Mon, 24 Jul 2023 18:00:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Sep 2023 09:26:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-11-23
[ [ "Rubio", "Marcelo E.", "" ], [ "Kovács", "Áron D.", "" ], [ "Herrero-Valea", "M.", "" ], [ "Bezares", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Barausse", "Enrico", "" ] ]
Partial differential equations exhibiting an anisotropic scaling between space and time -- such as those of Horava-Lifshitz gravity -- have a dispersive nature. They contain higher-order spatial derivatives, but remain second order in time. This is inconvenient for performing long-time numerical evolutions, as standard explicit schemes fail to maintain convergence unless the time step is chosen to be very small. In this work, we develop an implicit evolution scheme that does not suffer from this drawback, and which is stable and second-order accurate. As a proof of concept, we study the numerical evolution of a Lifshitz scalar field on top of a spherically symmetric black hole space-time. We explore the evolution of a static pulse and an (approximately) ingoing wave-packet for different strengths of the Lorentz-breaking terms, accounting also for the effect of the angular momentum eigenvalue and the resulting effective centrifugal barrier. Our results indicate that the dispersive terms produce a cascade of modes that accumulate in the region in between the Killing and universal horizons, indicating a possible instability of the latter.
0911.0593
Sandipan Sengupta
Sandipan Sengupta
Quantum realizations of Hilbert-Palatini second-class constraints
Published version
Class.Quant.Grav.27:145008,2010
10.1088/0264-9381/27/14/145008
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a classical theory of gravity, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter ($\eta$) appears as a topological coupling constant through the Lagrangian density containing the Hilbert-Palatini term and the Nieh-Yan invariant. In a quantum framework, the topological interpretation of $\eta$ can be captured through a rescaling of the wavefunctional representing the Hilbert-Palatini theory, as in the case of the QCD vacuum angle. However, such a rescaling cannot be realized for pure gravity within the standard (Dirac) quantization procedure where the second-class constraints of Hilbert-Palatini theory are eliminated beforehand. Here we present a different treatment of the Hilbert-Palatini second-class constraints in order to set up a general rescaling procedure (a) for gravity with or without matter and (b) for any choice of gauge (e.g. time gauge). The analysis is developed using the Gupta-Bleuler and the coherent state quantization methods.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Nov 2009 15:35:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 29 May 2010 03:27:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-20
[ [ "Sengupta", "Sandipan", "" ] ]
In a classical theory of gravity, the Barbero-Immirzi parameter ($\eta$) appears as a topological coupling constant through the Lagrangian density containing the Hilbert-Palatini term and the Nieh-Yan invariant. In a quantum framework, the topological interpretation of $\eta$ can be captured through a rescaling of the wavefunctional representing the Hilbert-Palatini theory, as in the case of the QCD vacuum angle. However, such a rescaling cannot be realized for pure gravity within the standard (Dirac) quantization procedure where the second-class constraints of Hilbert-Palatini theory are eliminated beforehand. Here we present a different treatment of the Hilbert-Palatini second-class constraints in order to set up a general rescaling procedure (a) for gravity with or without matter and (b) for any choice of gauge (e.g. time gauge). The analysis is developed using the Gupta-Bleuler and the coherent state quantization methods.
2009.02928
Naoki Seto
Naoki Seto
Measuring Parity Asymmetry of Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with a Heliocentric Detector Network in the mHz Band
6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in PRL
Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 251101 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.251101
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss exploration for isotropic gravitational wave backgrounds around 1 mHz by correlation analysis, targeting both parity odd and even polarization modes. Even though the space interferometer LISA alone cannot probe the two modes due to cancellations, the outlook is being changed drastically by the strong development of other space detectors such as Taiji. In fact, a heliocentric interferometer network holds a preferable geometrical symmetry {illuminated by a virtual sphere off-center from the Sun}. By utilizing an internal symmetry of data streams, we can optimally decompose the odd and even parity modes at correlation analysis. By simultaneously using LISA and Taiji for 10 years, our sensitivity to the two modes could reach $\sim 10^{-12}$ in terms of the normalized energy density.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Sep 2020 08:00:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 20 Nov 2020 03:35:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-01-04
[ [ "Seto", "Naoki", "" ] ]
We discuss exploration for isotropic gravitational wave backgrounds around 1 mHz by correlation analysis, targeting both parity odd and even polarization modes. Even though the space interferometer LISA alone cannot probe the two modes due to cancellations, the outlook is being changed drastically by the strong development of other space detectors such as Taiji. In fact, a heliocentric interferometer network holds a preferable geometrical symmetry {illuminated by a virtual sphere off-center from the Sun}. By utilizing an internal symmetry of data streams, we can optimally decompose the odd and even parity modes at correlation analysis. By simultaneously using LISA and Taiji for 10 years, our sensitivity to the two modes could reach $\sim 10^{-12}$ in terms of the normalized energy density.
1803.10947
Song Ming Du
Song Ming Du and Yanbei Chen
Searching for near-horizon quantum structures in the binary black-hole stochastic gravitational-wave background
5 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 051105 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051105
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been speculated that quantum gravity corrections may lead to modifications to space-time geometry near black hole horizons. Such structures may cause reflections to gravitational waves, causing {\it echoes} that follow the main gravitational waves from binary black hole coalescence. We show that such echoes, if exist, will give rise to a stochastic gravitational-wave background, which is very substantial if the near-horizon structure has a near unity reflectivity for gravitational waves, readily detectable by Advanced LIGO. In case reflectivity is much less than unity, the background will mainly be arising from the first echo, with a level proportional to the power reflectivity of the near-horizon structure, but robust against uncertainties in the location of the structure --- as long as it is very close to the horizon. Sensitivity of third-generation detectors allows the detection of a background that corresponds to power reflectivity $\sim 10^{-3}$, if the uncertainties in the binary black-hole merger rate can be removed. We note that the echoes do alter the $f^{2/3}$ power law of the background spectra at low frequencies, which is rather robust against the uncertainties.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Mar 2018 07:49:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 4 Aug 2018 21:18:14 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-08-07
[ [ "Du", "Song Ming", "" ], [ "Chen", "Yanbei", "" ] ]
It has been speculated that quantum gravity corrections may lead to modifications to space-time geometry near black hole horizons. Such structures may cause reflections to gravitational waves, causing {\it echoes} that follow the main gravitational waves from binary black hole coalescence. We show that such echoes, if exist, will give rise to a stochastic gravitational-wave background, which is very substantial if the near-horizon structure has a near unity reflectivity for gravitational waves, readily detectable by Advanced LIGO. In case reflectivity is much less than unity, the background will mainly be arising from the first echo, with a level proportional to the power reflectivity of the near-horizon structure, but robust against uncertainties in the location of the structure --- as long as it is very close to the horizon. Sensitivity of third-generation detectors allows the detection of a background that corresponds to power reflectivity $\sim 10^{-3}$, if the uncertainties in the binary black-hole merger rate can be removed. We note that the echoes do alter the $f^{2/3}$ power law of the background spectra at low frequencies, which is rather robust against the uncertainties.
1901.09808
B. S. Ratanpal
B. S. Ratanpal
Cracking and Stability of Non-Rotating Relativistic Spheres with Anisotropic Internal Stresses
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The stability of static uncharged spheres with anisotropic internal stresses is studied in general relativity. It has been noticed that pressure anisotropy plays an important role for stability of stellar structure. It is shown that radial profile of the stress anisotropy can be considered to decide potentially stable/unstable regions. Finally, pontentially stable/unstable regions of two known models of relativistic star have been examined.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jan 2019 05:50:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Jun 2020 08:42:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-06-29
[ [ "Ratanpal", "B. S.", "" ] ]
The stability of static uncharged spheres with anisotropic internal stresses is studied in general relativity. It has been noticed that pressure anisotropy plays an important role for stability of stellar structure. It is shown that radial profile of the stress anisotropy can be considered to decide potentially stable/unstable regions. Finally, pontentially stable/unstable regions of two known models of relativistic star have been examined.