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Document-oriented database Relationship to relational databases Document_database > Relationship to other databases > Relationship to relational databases This leads to problems when trying to translate programming objects to and from their associated database rows, a problem known as object-relational impedance mismat... |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B Summary Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences,_India_Section_B Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of biological science. It is published by Springer on beha... |
Ecosystem models The Lotka–Volterra equations Ecosystem_models > Examples > The Lotka–Volterra equations X . Y {\displaystyle {\frac {dX}{dt}}=\alpha .X-\beta .X.Y} d Y d t = γ . β . |
Robert H. Crabtree Manganese di-μ-oxo Dimers for Oxygen Evolution Robert_H._Crabtree > Research > Manganese di-μ-oxo Dimers for Oxygen Evolution Oxygen-18 isotope labeling experiments have demonstrated that the oxygen atoms in the evolved molecular oxygen originate from water. This system thus serves as a functional mo... |
Social affordance Social affordances trends in social software Social_affordance > Social affordances trends in social software Wiki- Web 2.0 technologies (e.g., Wikis, blogs, social bookmarking) are being used as a tool to support collaborative learning among students. Wiki is an effective form to support collaborativ... |
Minoru Ozima Papers Minoru_Ozima > Bibliography > Papers Hiyagon, H; Ozima, M (September 1986). "Partition of noble gases between olivine and basalt melt". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. |
Ovum quality Meiotic arrest and loss of cohesion Ovum_quality > Factors > Age > Meiotic arrest and loss of cohesion This cohesion is later broken by the enzyme separase, allowing the chiasmata to be broken and homologous chromosomes to segregate in a normal way. Age-related degeneration of the inhibitors and regulators... |
Transcriptome analysis Summary Transcriptome_analysis It would be almost impossible to interpret the information contained in a transcriptome without the knowledge of previous experiments. Measuring the expression of an organism's genes in different tissues or conditions, or at different times, gives information on how... |
Powers of 2 Computer science Power_of_two > Computer science Two to the exponent of n, written as 2n, is the number of ways the bits in a binary word of length n can be arranged. A word, interpreted as an unsigned integer, can represent values from 0 (000...0002) to 2n − 1 (111...1112) inclusively. Corresponding signed... |
Data structure alignment Data structure padding Data_padding > Data structure padding For example, a structure containing a single byte (such as a char) and a four-byte integer (such as uint32_t) would require three additional bytes of padding. A large array of such structures would use 37.5% less memory if they are pa... |
DNA data storage Summary DNA_digital_data_storage DNA digital data storage is the process of encoding and decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA.While DNA as a storage medium has enormous potential because of its high storage density, its practical use is currently severely limited because of its h... |
Cas9 DNA cleavage Cas9_nickase > Structural and biochemical studies > DNA cleavage The kinetics of DNA cleavage by Cas9 have been of great interest to the scientific community, as this data provides insight into the intricacies of the reaction. While the cleavage of DNA by RNA-bound Cas9 has been shown to be relatively... |
Kernel methods for vector output Regularization perspective Kernel_methods_for_vector_output > Notation > Regularization perspective From the regularization perspective, the problem is to learn f ∗ {\displaystyle f_{*}} belonging to a reproducing kernel Hilbert space of vector-valued functions ( H {\displaystyle {\math... |
HL7 Services Aware Interoperability Framework Governance Framework HL7_Services_Aware_Interoperability_Framework > Document Divisions > Governance Framework The Governance Framework (GF) describes the motivation for, the structure, content and utilization of the GF. The ECCF and BF are discussed in detail in separate d... |
Anaerobic exercise Examples Anaerobic_exercise > Examples Anaerobic exercises are high-intensity workouts completed over shorter durations, while aerobic exercises include variable-intensity workouts completed over longer durations. Some examples of anaerobic exercises include sprints, high-intensity interval training ... |
Bring radical Solution of the general quintic Bring_radical > Solution of the general quintic The roots of the polynomial can be expressed in terms of the Bring radical as and its four conjugates. The problem is now reduced to the Bring–Jerrard form in terms of solvable polynomial equations, and using transformations i... |
Classification rule False positives Classification_rule > Application with Bayes’ Theorem > False positives We can use Bayes' theorem to determine the probability that a positive result is in fact a false positive. We find that if a disease is rare, then the majority of positive results may be false positives, even if ... |
Weighted planar stochastic lattice Properties of WPSLs Weighted_planar_stochastic_lattice > Properties of WPSLs It exhibits multiscaling.Before 2000 epidemic models, for instance, were studying by applying them on regular lattices like square lattice assuming that everyone can infect everyone else in the same way. The ... |
Cognitive Biology Cognitive biology as a category Cognitive_Biology > Cognitive biology as a category Some, for example, considered evolutionary epistemology a fellow-traveler. Others appropriated the keyword, as for example Donald Griffin in 1978, when he advocated the establishment of cognitive ethology.Meanwhile, br... |
Proton tunneling Summary Proton_tunneling Electron tunneling is well-known. A proton is about 2000 times more massive than an electron, so it has a much lower probability of tunneling; nevertheless, proton tunneling still occurs especially at low temperatures and high pressures where the width of the potential barrier ... |
Noncoding RNA Distinction between functional RNA (fRNA) and ncRNA Non-coding_RNA > Distinction between functional RNA (fRNA) and ncRNA Scientists have started to distinguish functional RNA (fRNA) from ncRNA, to describe regions functional at the RNA level that may or may not be stand-alone RNA transcripts. This implies... |
Armored mud ball Pre-lithification Armored_mud_ball > Formation > Pre-lithification In the early 20th century, James Gardner hypothesized that these structures formed by the accumulation of fine clay particles as they flowed along a stream, gradually building up concentric rings of sediments by adhesion until their wei... |
Chemical Thermodynamics Chemical affinity Chemical_energetics > Chemical reactions > Chemical affinity 37.62), and to the use of the partial derivative ∂G/∂ξ (in place of the widely used "ΔG", since the quantity at issue is not a finite change). The result is an understandable expression for the dependence of dG on che... |
Propeller speed reduction unit Summary Propeller_speed_reduction_unit A propeller speed reduction unit is a gearbox or a belt and pulley device used to reduce the output revolutions per minute (rpm) from the higher input rpm of the powerplant. This allows the use of small displacement internal combustion engines to tur... |
Protocol Buffers Overview Google_Protocol_Buffers > Overview This compilation generates code that can be invoked by a sender or recipient of these data structures. For example, example.pb.cc and example.pb.h are generated from example.proto. |
Mixed electoral systems Types of combinations Mixed_electoral_systems > Types of mixed systems > Types of combinations These may be seen in coexistence, when different methods are used in different regions of a country, such as when FPTP is used in single-member districts and list-PR in multi-member districts, but ever... |
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution SNAr reaction mechanism Nucleophilic_aromatic_substitution > SNAr reaction mechanism Backside attack is blocked and this reaction is therefore not possible. An SN1 reaction is possible but very unfavourable. It would involve the unaided loss of the leaving group and the formation of a... |
Elliptic modular form Examples Nebentype_character > Modular forms for SL(2, Z) > Examples A celebrated conjecture of Ramanujan asserted that when Δ(z) is expanded as a power series in q, the coefficient of qp for any prime p has absolute value ≤ 2p11/2. This was confirmed by the work of Eichler, Shimura, Kuga, Ihara, ... |
Hydrogen molecular ion Precision spectroscopy Hydrogen_molecule_ion > Experimental studies > Precision spectroscopy Because of its relative simplicity, the dihydrogen cation is the molecule that is most precisely understood, in the sense that theoretical calculations of its energy levels match the experimental results ... |
Zero-shot learning Background and history Zero-shot_learning > Background and history The first paper on zero-shot learning in natural language processing appeared in 2008 at the AAAI’08, but the name given to the learning paradigm there was dataless classification. The first paper on zero-shot learning in computer vis... |
True vacuum Inflation Higgs_vacuum > Implications > Inflation A number of theories suggest that cosmic inflation may be an effect of a false vacuum decaying into the true vacuum. The inflation itself may be the consequence of the Higgs field trapped in a false vacuum state with Higgs self-coupling λ and its βλ function... |
SCADA Security issues Supervisory_Control_and_Data_Acquisition > Security issues Security researcher Jerry Brown submitted a similar advisory regarding a buffer overflow vulnerability in a Wonderware InBatchClient ActiveX control. Both vendors made updates available prior to public vulnerability release. |
Scientific denialism HIV/AIDS Scientific_denialism > Politics and science > HIV/AIDS AIDS denialism is the denial that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the cause of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS denialism has been described as being "among the most vocal anti-science denial movements". Some ... |
Zero to the power of zero As a limiting form Zero_to_the_power_of_zero > History > As a limiting form Euler, when setting 00 = 1, mentioned that consequently the values of the function 0x take a "huge jump", from ∞ for x < 0, to 1 at x = 0, to 0 for x > 0. In 1814, Pfaff used a squeeze theorem argument to prove that xx... |
Nambu−Goldstone boson Breaking of spacetime symmetries Nambu–Goldstone_bosons > Extensions > Breaking of spacetime symmetries When solutions do exist, this is because the Goldstone modes are linearly dependent among themselves, in that the resulting mode can be expressed as a gradients of another mode. Since the spacet... |
C6H6O Summary C6H6O The molecular formula C6H6O (molar mass: 94.11 g/mol, exact mass: 94.0419 u) may refer to: Oxanorbornadiene (OND) Oxepin Phenol, also called carbolic acid or phenolic acid |
Civic application Current Applications Civic_application > Current Applications For example, many civic applications struggle with financial sustainability. Such applications often have either non-profit or not-for-profit corporate strategies, which prevent them from adopting stable strategies of fundraising and a majo... |
Richard Lathe Gene technology Richard_Lathe > Gene technology The most highly cited paper regards a tool for isolating coding sequences, published in 1985 in the Journal of Molecular Biology. This paper makes him among the 1000 citations clan of authors who have achieved a thousand citations for a single-author work |
Effect sizes Summary Effect_size The cluster of data-analysis methods concerning effect sizes is referred to as estimation statistics. Effect size is an essential component when evaluating the strength of a statistical claim, and it is the first item (magnitude) in the MAGIC criteria. The standard deviation of the effe... |
P element Use in molecular biology P_elements > Use in molecular biology The normal genetic tools are DNA coding for transposase with no transposase recognition sequences so it cannot insert and a "P Plasmid". P Plasmids always contain a Drosophila reporter gene, often a red-eye marker (the product of the white gene), ... |
Models of communication Classifications Models_of_communication > Classifications Models of communication are classified in many ways and the proposed classifications often overlap. Some models are general in the sense that they aim to describe all forms of communication. Others are specialized: they only apply to spec... |
Licensing factor Example in yeast Licensing_factor > Example in yeast Immediately after mitosis has finished the cell cycle starts again, entering G1 phase of the cycle. At this point protein synthesis of various products required for the rest of the cycle begins. Two of the proteins synthesised are called Cdc6 and Cdt... |
BFG Technologies Summary BFG_Technologies BFG Technologies was a privately held U.S.-based supplier of power supplies and video cards based on Nvidia graphics technology and a manufacturer of high-end gaming/home theater computer systems. BFG Technologies branded products were available in North America and Europe at r... |
Ventilator-associated lung injury Cause Ventilator-associated_lung_injury > Cause This may be reduced by using smaller tidal volumes.During positive pressure ventilation, atelectatic regions will inflate, however, the alveoli will be unstable and will collapse during the expiratory phase of the breath (atelectotrauma).... |
Acceleration voltage Summary Acceleration_voltage See also shunt impedance. For the special case of an electrostatic field that is surpassed by a particle, the acceleration voltage is directly given by integrating the electric field along its path. The following considerations are generalized for time-dependent fields. |
Law of averages Chicago Cubs Law_of_averages > Examples > Chicago Cubs The Steve Goodman song "A Dying Cub Fan's Last Request" mentions the Law of Averages in reference to the Chicago Cubs lack of championship success. At the time Goodman recorded the song in 1981, the Cubs had not won a National League championship si... |
Electronic switches Types Electronic_switches > Types The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) cutoff and saturation regions of operation can respectively be treated as a closed and open switch. The most widely used electronic switch in digital circuits is the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET).The... |
Internet of Everything Space considerations The_Internet_of_Things > Trends and characteristics > Space considerations However, the challenges that remain include the constraints of variable spatial scales, the need to handle massive amounts of data, and an indexing for fast search and neighbour operations. On the Inte... |
Outline of cell biology Cellular metabolism Outline_of_cell_biology > Biological activity of cells > Cellular metabolism Cellular respiration – Glycolysis – The foundational process of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, glycolysis is the archetype of universal metabolic processes known and occurring (with variatio... |
Kidney infections Follow-up Chronic_pyelonephritis > Management > Follow-up If no improvement is made in one to two days post therapy, inpatients should repeat a urine analysis and imaging. Outpatients should check again with their doctor. |
Cache coherency protocols (examples) Bus transactions Cache_coherency_protocols_(examples) > Snoopy coherency protocol > Snoopy coherency operations > Bus transactions Also the updating of the H in (H-MESI) state can be defined as snarfing. In the first case this happens in a write broadcast operation, on the second ca... |
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics The "new quantum theory" Mathematical_foundation_of_quantum_field_theory > History of the formalism > The "new quantum theory" Born's idea was soon taken over by Niels Bohr in Copenhagen who then became the "father" of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. Sch... |
Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay Summary Enzyme-linked_immunosorbent_assay The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (, ) is a commonly used analytical biochemistry assay, first described by Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann in 1971. The assay uses a solid-phase type of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect the presence... |
Partitioned data set Partitioned data set Data_set_(IBM_mainframe) > Partitioned data set PDS files can only reside on DASD, not on magnetic tape, in order to use the directory structure to access individual members. Partitioned data sets are most often used for storing multiple job control language files, utility cont... |
Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens Limitations Genome-wide_CRISPR-Cas9_knockout_screens > Limitations This section will specifically address genome-wide CRISPR screens. For a review of CRISPR limitations see Lino et al. (2018) |
Methodological naturalism Providing assumptions required for science Philosophical_naturalism > Providing assumptions required for science According to Robert Priddy, all scientific study inescapably builds on at least some essential assumptions that cannot be tested by scientific processes; that is, that scientists mu... |
Geometric space Points Geometric_space > Main concepts > Objects > Points Points are generally considered fundamental objects for building geometry. They may be defined by the properties that they must have, as in Euclid's definition as "that which has no part", or in synthetic geometry. In modern mathematics, they are... |
Lemierre's syndrome Pathophysiology Lemierre's_syndrome > Pathophysiology In this vein, the bacteria cause the formation of a thrombus containing these bacteria. Furthermore, the internal jugular vein becomes inflamed. This septic thrombophlebitis can give rise to septic microemboli that disseminate to other parts of t... |
Power engineering Summary Power_systems_engineering Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of electrical engineering that deals with the generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization of electric power, and the electrical apparatus connected to such systems. Although much of th... |
Fick's laws of diffusion Sorption rate and collision frequency of diluted solute Diffusion_constant > Applications > Sorption rate and collision frequency of diluted solute The diffusion constant need to be updated to the relative diffusion constant between two diffusing molecules. This estimation is especially useful ... |
Metallic bonds History Metallic_bond > History Much research went into the study of clustering of metal atoms. As powerful as the concept of the band structure model proved to be in describing metallic bonding, it has the drawback of remaining a one-electron approximation of a many-body problem. In other words, the ene... |
Ambient Vibrations Material needed Seismic_noise > Material needed For measurements in civil engineering structures, the amplitude is generally higher as well as the frequencies of interest, allowing the use of accelerometers or velocimeters with a higher corner frequency. However, since recording points on the ground ... |
Epitranscriptome Disease Epitranscriptome > Chemical Modifications of RNA > N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) > Disease On the other hand, increased m6A levels inhibit tumor progression in certain types of cancer. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the gene encoding FTO have been associated with increased ri... |
Input-to-state stability Summary Input-to-state_stability ISS unified the Lyapunov and input-output stability theories and revolutionized our view on stabilization of nonlinear systems, design of robust nonlinear observers, stability of nonlinear interconnected control systems, nonlinear detectability theory, and super... |
Macdonald River railway bridge, Woolbrook History Macdonald_River_railway_bridge,_Woolbrook > History During the 20-year period 1873–1893 there was a massive program of public works in New South Wales, particularly in expanding the road and rail networks. It was a boom period that ended with a severe economic depressio... |
Case hardening (woodworking) Summary Case_hardening_(woodworking) However, any shrinkage is resisted by the already 'set' shell. This leads to reversed stresses; compression stresses on the shell and tension stresses in the core. This results in unrelieved stress called case hardening. Case-hardened may warp considera... |
Information entropy Example Information_entropy > Example Every time it is tossed, one side is more likely to come up than the other. The reduced uncertainty is quantified in a lower entropy: on average each toss of the coin delivers less than one full bit of information. For example, if p = 0.7, then Uniform probabili... |
History of gravitational theory Islamic world History_of_gravitational_theory > Islamic world Ibn Sina made distinction between 'force' and 'inclination' (mayl), and argued that an object gained mayl when the object is in opposition to its natural motion. He concluded that continuation of motion is attributed to the in... |
Insect morphology Dermaptera Insect_morphology > Internal morphology of different taxa > Dermaptera The neuroendocrine system is typical of insects. There is a brain, a subesophageal ganglion, three thoracic ganglia, and six abdominal ganglia. Strong neurone connections connect the neurohemal corpora cardiaca to the br... |
Theory of Special Relativity Journal articles Relativistic_velocities > Further reading > Journal articles 56 (6): 4405–09. Bibcode:1997PhRvA..56.4405W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.56.4405. |
Comparative physiology Methodology Comparative_physiology > Methodology To use the "kind of animal" as an experimental variable. "While other branches of physiology use such variables as light, temperature, oxygen tension, and hormone balance, comparative physiology uses, in addition, species or animal type as a variab... |
Nierenstein reaction Reaction mechanism Nierenstein_reaction > Reaction mechanism The result is a neutral diazoketone, which does not react with the chloride. Instead, the byproduct, diazonium-methyl from the other diazomethane molecule, can be attacked by the chloride to produce chloromethane. The unreactive diazoketo... |
Galilean reference frame Summary Inertial_frame_of_reference the physics of a system can be described in terms of an inertial frame without causes external to the respective system, with the exception of an apparent effect due to so-called distant masses.In a non-inertial reference frame, viewed from a classical physic... |
Animal model of schizophrenia Uses and limitations Animal_model_of_schizophrenia > Uses and limitations Developing models based on a particular sign or symptom of schizophrenia has thus become a more common approach. This approach has the advantage that the results are more likely to be valid across the species boundar... |
Chelsea Bridge Battersea Park Chelsea_Bridge > Background > Battersea Park In the early 1840s Thomas Cubitt and James Pennethorne had proposed a plan to use 150,000 tons of rocks and earth from the excavation of the Royal Victoria Dock to infill the marshy Battersea Fields and create a large public park to serve the gr... |
Telecommunications circuit Definitions Data_transmission_circuit > Definitions A telecommunication circuit may be defined as follows: The complete path between two terminals over which one-way or two-way communications may be provided. An electronic path between two or more points, capable of providing a single or mult... |
N = 1 supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory Gauge symmetry N_=_1_supersymmetric_Yang–Mills_theory > Symmetries of the action > Gauge symmetry The preliminary theory defined on spacetime is manifestly gauge invariant as it is built from terms studied in non-supersymmetric gauge theory which are gauge invariant. The superfiel... |
Training Simulation Purpose Training_Simulation > Purpose In recent years, however, this classification has become somewhat impractical, as increasing numbers of training simulations are involving both elements, and combining both an overall view of the industry with some decisions relating to specific sectors. Trainin... |
Group Theory Combinatorics Group_Theory > Applications of group theory > Combinatorics In combinatorics, the notion of permutation group and the concept of group action are often used to simplify the counting of a set of objects; see in particular Burnside's lemma. |
Dessin d'enfant Summary Dessin_d'enfant It is natural to ask which Riemann surfaces arise in this way. The answer is provided by Belyi's theorem, which states that the Riemann surfaces that can be described by dessins are precisely those that can be defined as algebraic curves over the field of algebraic numbers. The a... |
Flywheel energy storage Pulse power Flywheel_energy_storage > Applications > Pulse power Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESS) are found in a variety of applications ranging from grid-connected energy management to uninterruptible power supplies. With the progress of technology, there is fast renovation involved in FE... |
Document database Relationship to key-value stores Document_database > Relationship to other databases > Relationship to key-value stores A document-oriented database is a specialized key-value store, which itself is another NoSQL database category. In a simple key-value store, the document content is opaque. A documen... |
Industrial fans Functions and industries Industrial_fans > Functions and industries There are many uses for the continuous flow of air or gas that industrial fans generate, including combustion, ventilation, aeration, particulate transport, exhaust, cooling, air-cleaning, and drying, to name a few. The industries serve... |
Adenocarcinoma of the lung Immunotherapy Lung_adenocarcinoma > Treatment > Immunotherapy Immune response can be prevented via activation of immune checkpoints, which consist in the binding of a ligand protein (e.g. PD-L1) to a receptor (e.g. PD-1) on the immune cell surface. As a consequence, cancer cells expressing PD... |
Eberlein–Šmulian theorem Statement Eberlein–Šmulian_theorem > Statement Eberlein–Šmulian theorem: If X is a Banach space and A is a subset of X, then the following statements are equivalent: each sequence of elements of A has a subsequence that is weakly convergent in X each sequence of elements of A has a weak cluster... |
Computability Beyond recursively enumerable languages Computability > Power of automata > Power of Turing machines > Beyond recursively enumerable languages The halting problem is easy to solve, however, if we allow that the Turing machine that decides it may run forever when given input which is a representation of a ... |
Cathepsin Cathepsin K Cathepsin > Clinical significance > Cathepsin K The genetic knockout for cathepsin S and K in mice with atherosclerosis was shown to reduce the size of atherosclerotic lesions. The expression of cathepsin K in cultured endothelial cells is regulated by shear stress. Cathepsin K has also been shown... |
Environmental finance Strategies Environmental_finance > Strategies Removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide has been proposed as a solution to mitigate climate change, by increasing tree densities to absorb carbon dioxide. Other methods involve new technologies which are still in research development stages.Research in e... |
Heat source Bryan (1907) Heat_energy > History > Classical thermodynamics > Bryan (1907) When two bodies act thermically on one another the quantities of heat gained by one and lost by the other are not necessarily equal. In the case of bodies at a distance, heat may be taken from or given to the intervening medium. Th... |
Right ventricle Dimensions Cardiac_ventricles > Function > Dimensions The heart and its performance are also commonly measured in terms of dimensions, which in this case means one-dimensional distances, usually measured in millimeters. This is not as informative as volumes but may be much easier to estimate with (e.g.,... |
Peano–Russell notation Variables Peano–Russell_notation > Variables In the notation, variables are ambiguous in denotation, preserve a recognizable identity appearing in various places in logical statements within a given context, and have a range of possible determination between any two variables which is the same or... |
Neural substrate Summary Neural_substrate A neural substrate is a term used in neuroscience to indicate the part of the central nervous system (i.e., brain and spinal cord) that underlies a specific behavior, cognitive process, or psychological state. Neural is an adjective relating to "a nerve or the nervous system", ... |
Macaulay's method Summary Macaulay's_method over the span and a number of concentrated loads are conveniently handled using this technique. The first English language description of the method was by Macaulay. The actual approach appears to have been developed by Clebsch in 1862. Macaulay's method has been generalized ... |
Rheological weldability Nonlinear viscoelasticity Rheological_weldability > Viscoelasticity > Nonlinear viscoelasticity A polymer's response to fast and large deformation forces is a non linear behavior and is more representative of the reactions experienced during the welding processes.Knowing the viscoelastic behavio... |
Synthetic DNA Summary Synthetic_DNA Synthetic genomics is a nascent field of synthetic biology that uses aspects of genetic modification on pre-existing life forms, or artificial gene synthesis to create new DNA or entire lifeforms. |
Carotid body Relay Carotid_body > Function > Relay The feedback from the carotid body is sent to the cardiorespiratory centers in the medulla oblongata via the afferent branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve. The efferent fibres of the aortic body chemoreceptors are relayed by the vagus nerve. These centers, in turn, r... |
Many Eyes Human perception/cognition and data visualization Many_Eyes > Principles > Visual perception and data visualization > Human perception/cognition and data visualization When properties of symbolic data are mapped to visual properties, humans can browse through large amounts of data efficiently. It is estimated... |
The Machine Question Critical reception The_Machine_Question > Critical reception Blay Whitby, in a review for AISB Quarterly, lauded The Machine Question for its "clear exposition" and wide range of references to other works, concluding that the book is "essential reading for philosophers interested in AI, robot ethic... |
Entity-attribute-value model History Entity-attribute-value_model > History Codd's relational database model were available, though HELP was much later ported to a relational architecture and commercialized by the 3M corporation. (Note that while Codd's landmark paper was published in 1970, its heavily mathematical ton... |
Pressure retarded osmosis History Pressure-retarded_osmosis > History This method of generating power was invented by Prof. Sidney Loeb in 1973 at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel. In 2014 researchers verified that 95% of a PRO system's theoretical power output can be produced with a membrane t... |
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