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Rectangular mask short-time Fourier transform Advantage and disadvantage Rectangular_mask_short-time_Fourier_transform > Advantage and disadvantage Compared with the Fourier transform: Advantage: The instantaneous frequency can be observed. Disadvantage: Higher complexity of computation.Compared with other types of tim... |
Autonomous bus Technology used in vehicular automation Automated_Driving > Technology used in vehicular automation These instances include allowing the user to minimize time, follow a precise route and accommodate any possible disabilities that the operator may have. Along with accommodating the driver, autonomous vehi... |
Radon Transform Reconstruction approaches Filtered_back_projection > Reconstruction approaches The process of reconstruction produces the image (or function f {\displaystyle f} in the previous section) from its projection data. Reconstruction is an inverse problem. |
Fatigue cracking Stress-life (S-N) method Fatigue_life > Predicting fatigue life > Stress-life and strain-life methods > Stress-life (S-N) method Analysis of fatigue data requires techniques from statistics, especially survival analysis and linear regression. The progression of the S-N curve can be influenced by many f... |
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema Diagnosis Combined_pulmonary_fibrosis_and_emphysema > Diagnosis The diagnosis is confirmed with high resolution CT scan. |
Special and general relativity General relativity Theory_of_Relativity > General relativity Some of the consequences of general relativity are: Gravitational time dilation: Clocks run slower in deeper gravitational wells. Precession: Orbits precess in a way unexpected in Newton's theory of gravity. (This has been obser... |
Permissioned blockchain Summary Blockchain_2.0 Blockchains are typically managed by a peer-to-peer (P2P) computer network for use as a public distributed ledger, where nodes collectively adhere to a consensus algorithm protocol to add and validate new transaction blocks. Although blockchain records are not unalterable,... |
Sedimentation Summary Sedimentation In geology, sedimentation is the deposition of sediments which results in the formation of sedimentary rock. The term is broadly applied to the entire range of processes that result in the formation of sedimentary rock, from initial erosion through sediment transport and settling to ... |
Systemic acquired resistance Mechanism Systemic_acquired_resistance > Mechanism Pathogens can then evolve and develop new effectors for overcoming ETI, to which plants can respond by developing new R genes capable of recognizing the pathogen effector, thereby providing a new ETI. When PTI and ETI are activated in the l... |
Thermoelectric generator Materials for TEG Thermoelectric_power_source > Materials for TEG During operation, ideally, the thermoelectric generator has a large temperature gradient across it. Thermal expansion will then introduce stress in the device which may cause fracture of the thermoelectric legs or separation from... |
Somatization disorder DSM-IV-TR Somatization_disorder > Criteria > DSM-IV-TR The DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria are: A history of somatic complaints over several years, starting prior to the age of 30. Such symptoms cannot be fully explained by a general medical condition or substance use or, when there is an associated... |
ADO.NET data provider Architecture ADO.NET > Architecture They can also provide access to hierarchical data stores such as email systems. Because different data store technologies can have different capabilities, every ADO.NET provider cannot implement every possible interface available in the ADO.NET standard. Microso... |
Einstein Equations Mathematical form Vacuum_field_equations > Mathematical form The EFE is a tensor equation relating a set of symmetric 4 × 4 tensors. Each tensor has 10 independent components. The four Bianchi identities reduce the number of independent equations from 10 to 6, leaving the metric with four gauge-fixin... |
Authentication History and state-of-the-art Authentication > History and state-of-the-art That the originator (or anyone other than an attacker) knows (or doesn't know) about a compromise is irrelevant. However, it is not known whether these cryptographically based authentication methods are provably secure, since unan... |
Newton's Second Law Antiquity and medieval background Newton's_laws_of_motion > History > Antiquity and medieval background The subject of physics is often traced back to Aristotle; however, the history of the concepts involved is obscured by multiple factors. An exact correspondence between Aristotelian and modern con... |
Limit price Summary Limit_price A limit price (or limit pricing) is a price, or pricing strategy, where products are sold by a supplier at a price low enough to make it unprofitable for other players to enter the market. It is used by monopolists to discourage entry into a market, and is illegal in many countries. The ... |
Flexible drive Advantages Compliant_mechanism > Advantages Compliant structures are often created as an alternative to similar mechanisms that use multiple parts. There are two main advantages for using compliant mechanisms: Low cost: A compliant mechanism can usually be fabricated into a single structure, which is a d... |
First law of thermodynamics Cited sources First_law_of_thermodynamics > References > Cited sources See English Translation: On the Moving Force of Heat, and the Laws regarding the Nature of Heat itself which are deducible therefrom. Phil. Mag. |
Prior knowledge for pattern recognition Knowledge of the data Prior_knowledge_for_pattern_recognition > Knowledge of the data Other forms of prior knowledge than class-invariance concern the data more specifically and are thus of particular interest for real-world applications. The three particular cases that most ofte... |
Secular equation Properties Characteristic_polynomial_of_a_graph > Properties The characteristic polynomial p A ( t ) {\displaystyle p_{A}(t)} of a n × n {\displaystyle n\times n} matrix is monic (its leading coefficient is 1 {\displaystyle 1} ) and its degree is n . {\displaystyle n.} The most important fact about the... |
Optical bandpass filter Summary Optical_bandpass_filter Optical filters selectively transmit light in a particular range of wavelengths, that is, colours, while absorbing the remainder. They can usually pass long wavelengths only (longpass), short wavelengths only (shortpass), or a band of wavelengths, blocking both lo... |
Maschke's theorem Category-theoretic Maschke's_theorem > Formulations > Category-theoretic Reformulated in the language of semi-simple categories, Maschke's theorem states |
Interactive kiosk Regulatory Issues Internet_kiosk > Kiosk industry segments > Regulatory Issues The main regulatory issues are ADA and Accessibility, PCI-EMV, UL, CE, and HIPAA. There are many more regulations including state-specific regulations (e.g. Unruh Act in California). In 2019 the Kiosk Association released a... |
Biliary fistula Diagnosis Biliary_fistula > Diagnosis For bronchobiliary fistula, the following tests are performed: 1) ultrasound abdomen, may show subdiaphragmatic collection around the surface of the right lobe of the liver. 2) preoperative chest X-ray, may demonstrate mild to moderate right-sided pleural effusion w... |
Greenhouse warming Effective temperature Greenhouse_Effect > Energy balance and temperature > Effective temperature The power of outgoing longwave radiation emitted by a planet corresponds to the effective temperature of the planet. The effective temperature is the temperature that a planet radiating with a uniform tem... |
Guanylyl cyclase Effects Guanylyl_cyclase > Effects sGC expression has been shown to be highest in the striatum compared to other brain regions and has been explored as a possible candidate for restoring striatal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. sGC acts as an intracellular intermediary for regulating dopamine and g... |
Modularity (biology) Evolution of Modularity Modularity_(biology) > Evolution of Modularity Compounded effect of stabilizing and directional selection: This is the explanation seemingly favored by Wagner and his contemporaries as it provides a model through which modularity is constricted, but still able to unidirectio... |
Isotopic shift Mass effects Isotopic_shift > Atomic spectra > Mass effects However, for a nucleus with finite mass M N {\displaystyle M_{N}} , reduced mass is used in the expression of Rydberg constant instead of mass of electron: With two isotopes with atomic mass approximately A ′ M p {\displaystyle A^{\prime }M_{p}}... |
Contraction principle (large deviations theory) Summary Contraction_principle_(large_deviations_theory) In mathematics — specifically, in large deviations theory — the contraction principle is a theorem that states how a large deviation principle on one space "pushes forward" (via the pushforward of a probability measu... |
Factory automation Agent-assisted automation Automatic_control_system > Recent and emerging applications > Industrial automation > Agent-assisted automation Agent-assisted automation refers to automation used by call center agents to handle customer inquiries. The key benefit of agent-assisted automation is compliance ... |
Arantza Díaz de Ilarraza Sánchez Academic career Arantza_Díaz_de_Ilarraza_Sánchez > Academic career In 2015, the DeepL translator provided quality results in translations across ten languages, but Basque was not among them; the Ixa Group began working on that in the TADEEP project, and the first public demo was availab... |
Hardwired control unit Summary Control_unit The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs the operation of the processor. A CU typically uses a binary decoder to convert coded instructions into timing and control signals that direct the operation of the other units (mem... |
Inclusion (disability rights) Inclusion in the U.S. Inclusion_(disability_rights) > Inclusion in the U.S. Additionally, the attitudes and prejudices held by people without disabilities towards the disabled community remain a persistent issue. To this end, when it comes to societal perceptions of individuals with disabi... |
Micromachinery Transducers Micromachinery > Transducers The field competes with a restoring force on the rotor (usually a spring force produced by the bending or stretching of the rotor) to move the rotor. The greater the electric field, the farther the rotor will move. Thermal actuators use the force of thermal expans... |
Transpiration stream Osmosis Transpiration_stream > Osmosis After this, the water moves up the xylem vessels to the leaves through diffusion: A pressure change between the top and bottom of the vessel. Diffusion takes place because there is a water potential gradient between water in the xylem vessel and the leaf (as w... |
Jennifer Logan Research Jennifer_Logan > Research An overarching theme of Logan's research is how anthropogenic activities influence the composition of the atmosphere. Broadly, her research includes investigations into how fires impact particles in the atmosphere, how changes in climate impact air quality, the use of s... |
Classification of manifolds Dimension 4: exotic Classification_of_manifolds > Dimension 4: exotic Four-dimensional manifolds are the most unusual: they are not geometrizable (as in lower dimensions), and surgery works topologically, but not differentiably. Since topologically, 4-manifolds are classified by surgery, the... |
Variational free energy Variational Bayesian inference Variational_free_energy > Motivation > Variational Bayesian inference Since there are not many explicitly parametrized distribution families (all the classical distribution families, such as the normal distribution, the Gumbel distribution, etc, are far too simplis... |
Homeotic genes Summary Homeotic_genes Homeotic genes are genes which regulate the development of anatomical structures in various organisms such as echinoderms, insects, mammals, and plants. Homeotic genes often encode transcription factor proteins, and these proteins affect development by regulating downstream gene ne... |
Web accessibility United Kingdom Web_accessibility > Web accessibility legislation > United Kingdom 2006). PAS 78, produced by the Disability Rights Commission and usable by disabled people. The standard has been designed to introduce non-technical professionals to improved accessibility, usability and user experience ... |
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Differential diagnosis Idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis > Diagnosis > Differential diagnosis Recognizing IPF in clinical practice can be challenging as symptoms often appear similar to those of more common diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and congestive h... |
Converting (metallurgy) Equipment Converting_(metallurgy) > Equipment A hood for the purpose of the loading/unloading operations is located on the upper side of the converter. Two belts of tuyeres come along the axis on either sides of the converter. Molten sulfide material, referred to as matte, is poured through the ... |
Aldolase B Mechanism Aldolase_B > Mechanism Depending on the reactant, F1P or FBP, the products are DHAP and glyceraldehyde or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, respectively.The ΔG°’ of this reaction is +23.9 kJ/mol. Though the reaction may seem too uphill to occur, it is of note that under physiological conditions, the ΔG o... |
FirstClass FCP, the FirstClass Protocol FirstClass > FCP, the FirstClass Protocol Both the client and server could communicate over any of these links, allowing a user to move from office to home and have access to the same server. FCP was based on a sliding window protocol, using a wide variety of packet sizes tuned t... |
Classical geometry 17th century: Descartes Plane_geometry > Later history > 17th century: Descartes In terms of analytic geometry, the restriction of classical geometry to compass and straightedge constructions means a restriction to first- and second-order equations, e.g., y = 2x + 1 (a line), or x2 + y2 = 7 (a circle... |
Inorganic compounds by element Sn Calcium_salt > T > Sn Stannane – SnH4 Tin(II) bromide – SnBr2 Tin(II) chloride (stannous chloride) – SnCl2 Tin(II) fluoride – SnF2 Tin(II) hydroxide – Sn(OH)2 Tin(II) iodide – SnI2 Tin(II) oxide – SnO Tin(II) sulfate – SnSO4 Tin(II) sulfide – SnS Tin(IV) bromide – SnBr4 Tin(IV) chlorid... |
Euler's criterion Examples Euler's_criterion > Examples We can find quadratic residues or verify them using the above formula. To test if 2 is a quadratic residue modulo 17, we calculate 2(17 − 1)/2 = 28 ≡ 1 (mod 17), so it is a quadratic residue. To test if 3 is a quadratic residue modulo 17, we calculate 3(17 − 1)/2 ... |
Data Matrix Technical specifications Data_matrix_(computer) > Technical specifications Each data region is delimited by a finder pattern, and this is surrounded on all four sides by a quiet zone border (margin). (Note: The modules may be round or square- no specific shape is defined in the standard. For example, dot-pe... |
Adult stem cells Cell division Adult_stem_cells > Properties > Cell division Perturbed niches cause the stem cell to begin actively dividing again to replace lost or damaged cells until the niche is restored. In hematopoietic stem cells, the MAPK/ERK pathway and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway regulate this transition. The abili... |
Bell's Theorem The Copenhagen Interpretation Bell_test_loopholes > Interpretations of Bell's theorem > The Copenhagen Interpretation The Copenhagen interpretation is a collection of views about the meaning of quantum mechanics principally attributed to Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg. It is one of the oldest of numero... |
Stress–strain analysis Experimental methods Stress_analysis > Experimental methods Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are the ultimate tensile strength, maximum elongation and reduction in cross-section area. From these measurements, properties such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield stren... |
Deaf rights movement Public accommodations Deaf_rights_movement > Public accommodations The Americans with Disabilities Act, also known as the ADA, has made a huge impact on the deaf community. In 1990 it was a landmark for people with disabilities. The ADA has been a great benefit for hard of hearing and deaf people t... |
Gaps between prime numbers Upper bounds Prime_gaps > Further results > Upper bounds {\displaystyle \theta >(1+4c)/(2+4c).} Here, O refers to the big O notation, ζ denotes the Riemann zeta function and π the prime-counting function. |
Slip fit Force fits Slip_fit > ANSI fit classes (USA only) > Interference fits > Force fits Force fits are designed to maintain a controlled pressure between mating parts, and are used where forces or torques are being transmitted through the joining point. Like interference fits, force fits are achieved by applying a ... |
Cyclic sequence Summary Cyclic_sequence Any linear order can be bent into a circle, and any cyclic order can be cut at a point, resulting in a line. These operations, along with the related constructions of intervals and covering maps, mean that questions about cyclic orders can often be transformed into questions abou... |
Acid soil pH effects on soil biota Soil_pH > pH effects on soil biota Soil biota (soil microflora, soil animals) are sensitive to soil pH, either directly upon contact or after soil ingestion or indirectly through the various soil properties to which pH contributes (e.g. nutrient status, metal toxicity, humus form). Ac... |
Kelvin temperature Summary Kelvin_temperature Thermodynamic temperature is a quantity defined in thermodynamics as distinct from kinetic theory or statistical mechanics. Historically, thermodynamic temperature was defined by Lord Kelvin in terms of a macroscopic relation between thermodynamic work and heat transfer as ... |
History of entropy Information theory History_of_entropy > Information theory "Why don’t you call it entropy", von Neumann suggested. "In the first place, a mathematical development very much like yours already exists in Boltzmann's statistical mechanics, and in the second place, no one understands entropy very well, s... |
List decoding Applications in complexity theory and cryptography List_decoding > Applications in complexity theory and cryptography Algorithms developed for list decoding of several interesting code families have found interesting applications in computational complexity and the field of cryptography. Following is a sa... |
Differential privacy The Laplace mechanism Differential_privacy > ε-differentially private mechanisms > The Laplace mechanism and f {\displaystyle f\,\!} is the original real valued query/function we planned to execute on the database. |
Genome editing Targeted gene modification in plants Cytosine_base_editing > Applications > Targeted gene modification in plants Genome editing using Meganuclease, ZFNs, and TALEN provides a new strategy for genetic manipulation in plants and are likely to assist in the engineering of desired plant traits by modifying e... |
Data Mining Summary Knowledge_discovery_in_databases It also is a buzzword and is frequently applied to any form of large-scale data or information processing (collection, extraction, warehousing, analysis, and statistics) as well as any application of computer decision support system, including artificial intelligence... |
Memory dependency speculation Detecting RAW dependence violations Memory_dependency_speculation > Memory disambiguation mechanisms > RAW dependence violations > Detecting RAW dependence violations Modern out-of-order CPUs can use a number of techniques to detect a RAW dependence violation, but all techniques require tr... |
Deep Image Prior Specifics Deep_Image_Prior > Method > Specifics In this approach, the R ( x ) {\displaystyle R(x)} prior is replaced with the implicit prior captured by the neural network (where R ( x ) = 0 {\displaystyle R(x)=0} for images that can be produced by a deep neural networks and R ( x ) = + ∞ {\displaystyl... |
Light-front computational methods Renormalization group Light-front_computational_methods > Renormalization group The two types of concepts of renormalization mentioned above are associated with the following two questions: How should the parameters p {\displaystyle p} depend on the cutoffs Λ {\displaystyle \Lambda } s... |
RNA therapeutics Mechanisms RNA_therapeutics > mRNA > Mechanisms In vitro transcription (IVT) is performed on a linearized DNA plasmid template containing the targeted coding sequence. Then, naked mRNA or mRNA complexed in a nanoparticle will be delivered systemically or locally. Subsequently, a part of the exogenous n... |
Wilms tumor protein Effects of editing Wilms_tumor_protein > RNA editing > Effects of editing RNA editing results in an alternative amino acid being translated. The changes in amino acid occur in a region identified as a domain involved in transcription activation function.Editing has been shown to decrease repressive ... |
List of model organisms Prokaryotes List_of_model_organisms > Prokaryotes Bacteria: Escherichia coli (E. coli), common Gram-negative gut bacterium widely used in molecular genetics. Main lab strain is 'K-12'. Bacillus subtilis, endospore forming Gram-positive bacterium. Main lab strain is '168'. |
PID control Origins PI_controller > History > Origins Pressure control provided only a proportional control that, if the control gain was too high, would become unstable and go into overshoot with considerable instability of depth-holding. The pendulum added what is now known as derivative control, which damped the osc... |
Ductile-brittle transition Materials science Ductile-to-brittle_transition > Materials science Ductility is especially important in metalworking, as materials that crack, break or shatter under stress cannot be manipulated using metal-forming processes such as hammering, rolling, drawing or extruding. Malleable materia... |
Lactobacillus sakei Other genes Lactobacillus_sakei > Genetics > Other genes In strain LTH677, a starter organism used in meat fermentation, there is an oxygen-dependent regulation of the expression of the catalase gene katA.In strain LTH681, the stress operon dnaK has been characterized in 1999 as a heat shock protein... |
Sleep onset Direct mechanism Sleep_onset > Neural circuit > Direct mechanism This mutual inhibition may provide the basis for establishing periods of sleep and waking. A reciprocal inhibition also characterizes an electronic circuit known as the flip-flop. A flip-flop can assume one of two states, usually referred to a... |
Polyelectrolyte Charge Polyelectrolyte > Charge Acids are classified as either weak or strong (and bases similarly may be either weak or strong). Similarly, polyelectrolytes can be divided into "weak" and "strong" types. A "strong" polyelectrolyte is one that dissociates completely in solution for most reasonable pH va... |
OBject EXchange Comparison to HTTP OBject_EXchange > Comparison to HTTP HTTP transactions are inherently stateless; generally an HTTP client opens a connection, makes a single request, receives its response, and either closes the connection or makes other unrelated requests. In OBEX, a single transport connection may b... |
Integer number Cardinality Rational_integer > Cardinality . {\displaystyle \mathbb {N} =\{0,1,2,...\}.} Such a function may be defined as f ( x ) = { − 2 x , if x ≤ 0 2 x − 1 , if x > 0 , {\displaystyle f(x)={\begin{cases}-2x,&{\mbox{if }}x\leq 0\\2x-1,&{\mbox{if }}x>0,\end{cases}}} with graph (set of the pairs ( x , f... |
Anti-CRISPR Reducing CRISPR-Cas9 off-target cuts Anti-CRISPR > Applications > Reducing CRISPR-Cas9 off-target cuts AcrIIA4 is one of the proteins responsible for the CRISPR-Cas9 system inhibition, the mechanism used in mammalian cells edition. Addition of AcrIIA4 in human cells avoids Cas9 interaction with the CRISPR s... |
Insulin Secretion Insulin > Function > Secretion Upon depolarization, voltage-gated calcium ion (Ca2+) channels open, allowing calcium ions to move into the cell by facilitated diffusion. The cytosolic calcium ion concentration can also be increased by calcium release from intracellular stores via activation of ryanodi... |
Casimir vacuum Papers, books and lectures Dynamical_Casimir_Effect > Further reading > Papers, books and lectures arXiv:quant-ph/0106045. Bibcode:2001PhR...353....1B. doi:10.1016/S0370-1573(01)00015-1. |
Mixed methods In Contrast to Quantitative and Qualitative Methodologies Mixed_methods > In Contrast to Quantitative and Qualitative Methodologies "Methodology" connotes a discourse about methods — i.e., a discourse about the adequacy and appropriateness of particular combination of research principles and procedures. T... |
Proof by exhaustion Summary Proof_by_cases Expert systems can be used to arrive at answers to many of the questions posed to them. In theory, the proof by exhaustion method can be used whenever the number of cases is finite. However, because most mathematical sets are infinite, this method is rarely used to derive gene... |
Value-stream mapping Using the method Value_Stream_Mapping > Using the method He calls the value stream the process and the non-value streams the operations. The thinking here is that the non–value-adding steps are often preparatory or tidying up to the value-adding step and are closely associated with the person or ma... |
Maxwell's demon Criticism and development Maxwell's_demon > Criticism and development In 1960, Rolf Landauer raised an exception to this argument. He realized that some measuring processes need not increase thermodynamic entropy as long as they were thermodynamically reversible. |
Discrimination learning Summary Discrimination_learning Classical conditioning involves learning through association when two stimuli are paired together repeatedly. This conditioning demonstrates discrimination through specific micro-instances of reinforcement and non-reinforcement. |
Ternary tree Internal nodes Ternary_tree > Common operations > Insertion > Internal nodes Insertion on internal nodes is more complex than on external nodes. Say that the internal node is node A and that node B is the child of A. (If the insertion is to insert a right child, then B is the right child of A, and similarl... |
Environmental gradient Impact of climate change Environmental_gradient > Impact of climate change Current models predict that as climate change intensifies, certain environmental gradients may experience the effects as changing rates of natural processes or impacts on distribution and characteristics of species within ... |
Khmer script Consonants with no dependent vowel Khmer_alphabet > Dependent vowels > Consonants with no dependent vowel In some words, however, the inherent vowel is pronounced in its reduced form, as if modified by a bântăk diacritic, even though the diacritic is not written (e.g. សព "corpse"). Such reduction regularl... |
Amoxicillin Pharmacology Amoxicillin > Pharmacology As a derivative of ampicillin, amoxicillin is a member of the penicillin family and, like penicillins, is a β-lactam antibiotic. It inhibits cross-linkage between the linear peptidoglycan polymer chains that make up a major component of the bacterial cell wall. It has... |
FK-space Summary FK-space Thus the name coordinate space because a sequence in an FK-space converges if and only if it converges for each coordinate. FK-spaces are examples of topological vector spaces. They are important in summability theory. |
QED vacuum Quantization of the fields QED_vacuum > Fluctuations > Quantization of the fields The standard approach to the quantization of the electromagnetic field begins by introducing a vector potential A and a scalar potential V to represent the basic electromagnetic electric field E and magnetic field B using the r... |
Tracing garbage collection Basic algorithm Generational_garbage_collection > Basic algorithm Tracing collectors are so called because they trace through the working set of memory. These garbage collectors perform collection in cycles. It is common for cycles to be triggered when there is not enough free memory for the ... |
Jet force Drag Jet_force > Thrust, lift, weight and drag > Drag Drag, or air resistance, is a force that opposes motion. Since the thrust is a force that provides "forward motion" and, lift one that produces "upward motion", the drag opposes both of these forces. Air resistance is friction between the air itself and th... |
Apodization Apodization in astronomy Apodization > Apodization in optics > Apodization in astronomy In fact, the notion of resolution, as it is commonly defined with the Rayleigh criterion, is in this case partially irrelevant. One has to understand that the image formed in the focal plane of a lens (or a mirror) is mo... |
T helper 17 cell Role in autoimmune disorders T_helper_17_cell > In disease > Role in autoimmune disorders Th17 cells, particularly auto-specific Th17 cells, are associated with autoimmune disease such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. Th17 overactivation against autoantigen will cause type 3 ... |
Jacobi rotation Summary Jacobi_rotation That is, Qkℓ is an identity matrix except for four entries, two on the diagonal (qkk and qℓℓ, both equal to c) and two symmetrically placed off the diagonal (qkℓ and qℓk, equal to s and −s, respectively). Here c = cos θ and s = sin θ for some angle θ; but to apply the rotation, t... |
Noble gases Occurrence and production Rare_gases > Occurrence and production Helium is typically produced by separating it from natural gas, and radon is isolated from the radioactive decay of radium compounds. The prices of the noble gases are influenced by their natural abundance, with argon being the cheapest and xe... |
Wolfgang Pauli Scientific research Wolfgang_Pauli > Scientific research Pauli made repeated criticisms of the modern synthesis of evolutionary biology, and his contemporary admirers point to modes of epigenetic inheritance as supporting his arguments.Paul Drude in 1900 proposed the first theoretical model for a classic... |
Feedforward (behavioral and cognitive science) Summary Feedforward_(behavioral_and_cognitive_science) Feedforward often works in concert with feedback loops for guidance systems in cybernetics or self-control in biology. Feedforward in management theory enables the prediction and control of organizational behavior. The... |
Home prime Summary Home_prime Investigations into home primes make up a minor side issue in number theory. Its questions have served as test fields for the implementation of efficient algorithms for factoring composite numbers, but the subject is really one in recreational mathematics. The outstanding computational pro... |
Expressed gene Inheritance Number_of_genes > Inheritance Organisms inherit their genes from their parents. Asexual organisms simply inherit a complete copy of their parent's genome. Sexual organisms have two copies of each chromosome because they inherit one complete set from each parent. : 1 |
GQL Graph Query Language Project for a new International Standard Graph Query Language GQL_Graph_Query_Language > History > Project for a new International Standard Graph Query Language Such structures can be easily encoded into the graph model as edges. This can be more convenient than the relational model, which requ... |
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