page_content stringlengths 51 3.15k |
|---|
Embedding problem Summary Embedding_problem In Galois theory, a branch of mathematics, the embedding problem is a generalization of the inverse Galois problem. Roughly speaking, it asks whether a given Galois extension can be embedded into a Galois extension in such a way that the restriction map between the correspond... |
3D Aerobatics Aeroplane Manoeuvres 3D_Aerobatics > Aeroplane Manoeuvres Then neutralize aileron and lessen elevator and the plane will spin while motionless in the air. This manoeuvre has a large "wow factor" because the plane is literally stopped dead in the air for a second or two. Turn-Around A Turn-Around is a figu... |
Software performance analysis Data granularity in profiler types Software_performance_analysis > Data granularity in profiler types Profilers, which are also programs themselves, analyze target programs by collecting information on their execution. Based on their data granularity, on how profilers collect information, ... |
Augustin-Louis Cauchy Argument principle, stability Augustin-Louis_Cauchy > Work > Argument principle, stability In a paper published in 1855, two years before Cauchy's death, he discussed some theorems, one of which is similar to the "Principle of the argument" in many modern textbooks on complex analysis. In modern c... |
Gravitometer Summary Gravitometer Gravitometer may refer to: Gravimeter, an instrument for measuring the local gravitational field Hydrometer, referred to in pipeline work as a gravitometer |
Minkowski's theorem Proof Minkowski's_theorem > Proof The following argument proves Minkowski's theorem for the specific case of L = ℤ2. Proof of the Z 2 {\textstyle \mathbb {Z} ^{2}} case: Consider the map f: S → R 2 / 2 L , ( x , y ) ↦ ( x mod 2 , y mod 2 ) {\displaystyle f:S\to \mathbb {R} ^{2}/2L,\qquad (x,y)\mapst... |
COVID-19 pandemic Vaccines COVID-19_pandemic > Disease > Prevention > Vaccines The initial focus of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines was on preventing symptomatic and severe illness. The COVID-19 vaccines are widely credited for their role in reducing the severity and death caused by COVID-19.As of March 2023, more than 5.5 billion... |
Neural modeling fields Neural modeling fields hierarchical organization Neural_modeling_fields > Neural modeling fields hierarchical organization The activated models initiate other actions. They serve as input signals to the next processing level, where more general concept-models are recognized or created. Output sig... |
Thermochemistry Summary Thermochemistry Thermochemistry is useful in predicting reactant and product quantities throughout the course of a given reaction. In combination with entropy determinations, it is also used to predict whether a reaction is spontaneous or non-spontaneous, favorable or unfavorable. Endothermic re... |
Game balance Feedback Game_difficulty > Methods and tools > Feedback While tester feedback is important when developing and updating a game, there are certain things to be kept in mind: Skill and the ability to explain do not necessarily correlate with each other. There are typically more players than developers, so th... |
Computational simulation In science Computer_model > In science A two-dimensional model might be used to simulate the drag forces on the cross-section of an aeroplane wing. A three-dimensional simulation might estimate the heating and cooling requirements of a large building. An understanding of statistical thermodynam... |
Transient-key cryptography Summary Transient-key_cryptography Transient-key cryptography is a form of public-key cryptography wherein keypairs are generated and assigned to brief intervals of time instead of to individuals or organizations, and the blocks of cryptographic data are chained through time. In a transient-k... |
Authentication protocol CHAP - Challenge-handshake authentication protocol Authentication_protocol > Types > Authentication protocols developed for PPP Point-to-Point Protocol > CHAP - Challenge-handshake authentication protocol The authentication process in this protocol is always initialized by the server/host and ca... |
Empirical laws Conservation and symmetry Physical_law > Laws of physics > Conservation laws > Conservation and symmetry In general, this is only approximative because with the advent of relativity and experiments in nuclear and particle physics: mass can be transformed into energy and vice versa, so mass is not always ... |
Procedural control Techniques Procedural_control > Techniques This method evolved from similar techniques used in railroad dispatch. It simplifies conflict detection because aircraft on different routes can only possibly conflict at intersection points with other routes, or with aircraft on the same route. Each interse... |
Human kidney Summary Kidney The global estimated prevalence of CKD is 13.4%, and patients with kidney failure needing renal replacement therapy are estimated between 5 and 7 million. Procedures used in the management of kidney disease include chemical and microscopic examination of the urine (urinalysis), measurement o... |
Visual search Guided search model Visual_search > Theory > Guided search model This likelihood is based on preattentive, featural information of the perceiver. According to the guided search model, the initial processing of basic features produces an activation map, with every item in the visual display having its own ... |
Radiologic test Ultrasound Radiologic_test > Diagnostic imaging modalities > Ultrasound A clot, embedded deep in one of the inner veins of the legs, can be found via ultrasound before it dislodges and travels to the lungs, resulting in a potentially fatal pulmonary embolism. Ultrasound is useful as a guide to performin... |
Scale (map) Summary Map_scale_factor The map projection becomes critical in understanding how scale varies throughout the map. When scale varies noticeably, it can be accounted for as the scale factor. Tissot's indicatrix is often used to illustrate the variation of point scale across a map. |
PKIoverheid Summary PKIoverheid PKIoverheid is the public key infrastructure (PKI) from the Dutch government. Like any other PKI, the system issues and manages digital certificates such that they can be realized. PKIoverheid is run by Logius. |
Tiled merge sort In-place merge sort Merge_sort > In-place merge sort It merges in linear time and constant extra space. The algorithm takes little more average time than standard merge sort algorithms, free to exploit O(n) temporary extra memory cells, by less than a factor of two. Though the algorithm is much faster ... |
Anti-transglutaminase antibodies Mechanism of autoimmunity Anti-transglutaminase_antibodies > Mechanism of autoimmunity ATA changes the behavior of tTG. Some studies have revealed that antibodies increase the activity of tTG, instead of inhibiting activity as is commonly encountered with function-altering antibodies. A... |
Outline of algebra Algebraic equations Outline_of_algebra > Algebraic equations Differential equation – equation involving derivatives. Integral equation – equation involving integrals. Diophantine equation – equation where the only solutions of interest of the unknowns are the integer ones. |
Kinetic friction Dry friction Dynamic_friction > Dry friction It is parallel to the surface, in a direction opposite to the net applied force. μ {\displaystyle \mu } is the coefficient of friction, which is an empirical property of the contacting materials, F n {\displaystyle F_{\mathrm {n} }} is the normal force exert... |
Quadratic equations Quadratic factorization Quadratic_equation > Solving the quadratic equation > Quadratic factorization The term x − r {\displaystyle x-r} is a factor of the polynomial a x 2 + b x + c {\displaystyle ax^{2}+bx+c} if and only if r is a root of the quadratic equation a x 2 + b x + c = 0. {\displaystyle ... |
Galectin Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing Galectin > Function > Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing Galectin-1 and galectin-3 have been found, surprisingly, to associate with nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes including the spliceosome. Studies revealed that galectin-1 and -3 are required splicing factors, since removal of the galecti... |
Healthy dietary pattern Research Health_food > Research Preliminary research indicated that a diet high in fruit and vegetables may decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease and death, but not cancer. Eating a healthy diet and getting enough exercise can maintain body weight within the normal range and reduce the ris... |
Glossary of aerospace engineering A Glossary_of_aerospace_engineering > A Aerodynamics is a sub-field of gas dynamics, which in turn is a sub-field of fluid dynamics. Many aspects and principles of aerodynamics theory are common to these three fields. Aeroelasticity – is the branch of physics and engineering that studi... |
Peltier element Operating principle Thermoelectric_cooler > Operating principle Thermoelectric coolers operate by the Peltier effect (one of three phenomena that make up the thermoelectric effect). A thermoelectric module is made from three components; the conductors, legs, and the substrate, and many of these modules ... |
WebAssembly SIMD SIMD multi-versioning WebAssembly_SIMD > Software > SIMD multi-versioning Consumer software is typically expected to work on a range of CPUs covering multiple generations, which could limit the programmer's ability to use new SIMD instructions to improve the computational performance of a program. The ... |
Slosh dynamics Summary Slosh_dynamics In fluid dynamics, slosh refers to the movement of liquid inside another object (which is, typically, also undergoing motion). Strictly speaking, the liquid must have a free surface to constitute a slosh dynamics problem, where the dynamics of the liquid can interact with the conta... |
Boundary Layer Predicting transient boundary layer thickness in a cylinder using dimensional analysis Shear_layers > Predicting transient boundary layer thickness in a cylinder using dimensional analysis By using the transient and viscous force equations for a cylindrical flow you can predict the transient boundary lay... |
Layout extraction Summary Circuit_extraction The electric circuit extraction or simply circuit extraction, also netlist extraction, is the translation of an integrated circuit layout back into the electrical circuit (netlist) it is intended to represent. This extracted circuit is needed for various purposes including c... |
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD34 Summary Small_nucleolar_RNA_SNORD34 snoRNA U34 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNA... |
Actuality and potentiality Influence on early modern physics Actuality_and_potentiality > Post-Aristotelian usage > Influence on early modern physics The definition of energy in modern physics as the product of mass and the square of velocity, was derived by Leibniz, as a correction of Descartes, based upon Galileo's i... |
Nondeterministic tree automaton Completeness and reduction Pumping_lemma_for_regular_tree_languages > Properties > Completeness and reduction A non-deterministic finite tree automaton is complete if there is at least one transition rule available for every possible symbol-states combination. A state q is accessible if ... |
Supramolecular polymer Copolymers Supramolecular_polymer > Copolymers A copolymer is formed from more than one monomeric species. Advanced polymerization techniques have been established for the preparation of covalent copolymers, however supramolecular copolymers are still in its infancy and is slowly progressing. In ... |
Closed system (control theory) Summary Closed_system_(control_theory) The terms closed system and open system have long been defined in the widely (and long before any sort of amplifier was invented) established subject of thermodynamics, in terms that have nothing to do with the concepts of feedback and feedforward. T... |
Algorithm Ancient Near East Algorithm_design > History: Development of the notion of "algorithm" > Ancient Near East Algorithms were later used in ancient Hellenistic mathematics. Two examples are the Sieve of Eratosthenes, which was described in the Introduction to Arithmetic by Nicomachus,: Ch 9.2 and the Euclidean a... |
Open Platform Management Architecture Adoption Open_Platform_Management_Architecture > Adoption According to AMD's press releases, there has been significant interest in OPMA by the server industry platform and infrastructure providers. Some of the motherboards may be seen using links in the external links section. To ... |
OpenVMS Database management OpenVMS > Features > Programming > Database management Common Data Dictionary (CDD) – a central database schema repository, which allowed schemas to be shared between different applications, and data definitions to be generated for different programming languages. DATATRIEVE – a query and re... |
Quantum triviality Summary Quantum_triviality In a quantum field theory, charge screening can restrict the value of the observable "renormalized" charge of a classical theory. If the only resulting value of the renormalized charge is zero, the theory is said to be "trivial" or noninteracting. Thus, surprisingly, a clas... |
Ten-dimensional space Mirror symmetry Ten-dimensional_space > Connections to mathematics > Mirror symmetry Inspired by physicists' work on mirror symmetry, mathematicians have therefore constructed their own arguments proving the enumerative predictions of mirror symmetry. Today mirror symmetry is an active area of res... |
Negative feedback control system Environmental Science Negative_feedback_control_system > Areas of application > Environmental Science An increase in cloud cover leads to higher albedo, or surface reflectivity, of the Earth. As albedo increases, however, the amount of solar radiation decreases. This, in turn, affects t... |
Thermal Radiation Properties Thermal_Radiation > Properties There are four main properties that characterize thermal radiation (in the limit of the far field): Thermal radiation emitted by a body at any temperature consists of a wide range of frequencies. The frequency distribution is given by Planck's law of black-bod... |
C2HBrClF3 Ozone depletion C2HBrClF3 > Society and culture > Ozone depletion Halothane is an ozone depleting substance with an ODP of 1.56 and it is calculated to be responsible for 1% of total stratospheric ozone layer depletion. |
Goal setting Feedback Goal_setting > Secondary ideas > Feedback Feedback and goal setting are highly interrelated and more effective when used in conjunction with each other. : 708 Feedback cannot be given without goals in the same way that goals can not be established without providing feedback.Goal setting can lead t... |
Pyruvate kinase Hormonal control Pyruvate_kinase > Regulation > Hormonal control In order to prevent a futile cycle, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are heavily regulated in order to ensure that they are never operating in the cell at the same time. As a result, the inhibition of pyruvate kinase by glucagon, cyclic AMP ... |
Density Functional Theory Derivation and formalism Density-functional_theory > Derivation and formalism As usual in many-body electronic structure calculations, the nuclei of the treated molecules or clusters are seen as fixed (the Born–Oppenheimer approximation), generating a static external potential V, in which the ... |
Design for Six Sigma Summary Design_for_Six_Sigma It is used for product or process design in contrast with process improvement. Measurement is the most important part of most Six Sigma or DFSS tools, but whereas in Six Sigma measurements are made from an existing process, DFSS focuses on gaining a deep insight into cu... |
Holo-(acyl-carrier-protein) synthase Summary Holo-(acyl-carrier-protein)_synthase In enzymology and molecular biology, a holo- synthase (ACPS, EC 2.7.8.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: CoA- + apo-acyl carrier protein ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + holo-acyl car... |
Genetic engineering in agriculture In popular culture Genetic_engineering_in_agriculture > In popular culture Genetic engineering methods are weakly represented in film; Michael Clark, writing for the Wellcome Trust, calls the portrayal of genetic engineering and biotechnology "seriously distorted" in films such as The... |
Binary logit model Bayesian Logit_regression > Model fitting > Bayesian In a Bayesian statistics context, prior distributions are normally placed on the regression coefficients, for example in the form of Gaussian distributions. There is no conjugate prior of the likelihood function in logistic regression. When Bayesia... |
Public Internet IPv6 Public_Internet > Internet Protocol Suite > Internet protocol > IPv6 Because of the growth of the Internet and the depletion of available IPv4 addresses, a new version of IP IPv6, was developed in the mid-1990s, which provides vastly larger addressing capabilities and more efficient routing of Inte... |
Problems with economic models Restrictive, unrealistic assumptions Problems_with_economic_models > Restrictive, unrealistic assumptions Probably unrealistic assumptions are pervasive in neoclassical economic theory (also called the "standard theory" or "neoclassical paradigm"), and those assumptions are inherited by si... |
Spinning wheel Treadle wheel Spinning_wheel > Types > Treadle wheel This type of wheel is powered by the spinner's foot rather than their hand or a motor. The spinner sits and pumps a foot treadle that turns the drive wheel via a crankshaft and a connecting rod. This leaves both hands free for drafting the fibres, whic... |
Paxos (computer science) Basic Paxos Paxos_(computer_science) > Basic Paxos This protocol is the most basic of the Paxos family. Each "instance" (or "execution") of the basic Paxos protocol decides on a single output value. The protocol proceeds over several rounds. |
Beier variable-ratio gear Summary Beier_variable-ratio_gear When the disks are moved outwards, the central rim drives on the outside radius of the similar-sized tapered disks and the overall ratio is around 1:1. As the swing arms are moved inwards, the tapered disks are forced between the central rims against their spr... |
Key signing party Summary Key_signing_party The fingerprint is created by a cryptographic hash function, which condenses the public key down to a string which is shorter and more manageable. Participants exchange these fingerprints as they verify each other's identification. Then, after the party, they obtain the publi... |
Q-system (genetics) Intersectional expression Q-system_(genetics) > Use in Drosophila > Intersectional expression A variety of expression patterns may be achieved by combination of the three binary expression systems and the FLP/FRT or other recombinases. Expression patterns may be constructed as AND, OR, NOR etc. logi... |
Organic radical Homolysis Free_radical > Formation > Radical formation from spin-paired molecules > Homolysis Homolysis makes two new radicals from a spin-paired molecule by breaking a covalent bond, leaving each of the fragments with one of the electrons in the bond. Because breaking a chemical bond requires energy, h... |
John Tyndall Molecular physics of radiant heat John_Tyndall > Main scientific work > Molecular physics of radiant heat Invisible molecular behaviours were the ultimate basis of all physical activity. With this mindset, and his experiments, he outlined an account whereby differing types of molecules have differing absor... |
Equilibrium chemistry Determination Equilibrium_chemistry > Equilibrium constant > Determination Usually a Non-linear least squares procedure is used. A weighted sum of squares, U, is minimized. The weights, wi and quantities y may be vectors. Values of the equilibrium constants are refined in an iterative procedure. |
Fructolysis Summary Fructolysis Fructolysis refers to the metabolism of fructose from dietary sources. Though the metabolism of glucose through glycolysis uses many of the same enzymes and intermediate structures as those in fructolysis, the two sugars have very different metabolic fates in human metabolism. Unlike glu... |
Pierre-Simon Laplace Potential theory Théorie_analytique_des_probabilités > On the figure of the Earth > Potential theory An analogous result for the velocity potential of a fluid had been obtained some years previously by Leonhard Euler.Laplace's subsequent work on gravitational attraction was based on this result. Th... |
Biquadratic function Ferrari's solution Fourth-degree_equation > Solution > Solution methods > Ferrari's solution Therefore, the solutions of the original quartic equation are x = − a 3 4 a 4 + ± 1 2 m ± 2 − ( 2 p + 2 m ± 1 2 q m ) 2 . {\displaystyle x=-{a_{3} \over 4a_{4}}+{\pm _{1}{\sqrt {2m}}\pm _{2}{\sqrt {-\left(2... |
Petroleum source rock Types of source rocks Source_rock > Types of source rocks Source rocks are classified from the types of kerogen that they contain, which in turn governs the type of hydrocarbons that will be generated: Type I source rocks are formed from algal remains deposited under anoxic conditions in deep lake... |
Fourier Transform Translation / time shifting Table_of_Fourier_transforms > Properties of the Fourier transform > Basic properties > Translation / time shifting For any real number x0, if h(x) = f(x − x0), then ĥ(ξ) = e−i2πx0ξ f̂(ξ). |
Solar power Potential Solar_electricity > Potential This limits the amount of energy that solar panels can absorb in one day. Cloud cover can affect the potential of solar panels because clouds block incoming light from the Sun and reduce the light available for solar cells. |
Graph (abstract data type) Breadth first search and depth first search Graph_(data_structure) > Graph traversal > Breadth first search and depth first search Breadth-first search (BFS) and depth-first search (DFS) are two closely-related approaches that are used for exploring all of the nodes in a given connected compo... |
Chemical basis of life Photosynthesis Biological_sciences > Cells > Photosynthesis The transport of electrons is coupled to the movement of protons (or hydrogen) from the stroma to the thylakoid membrane, which forms a pH gradient across the membrane as hydrogen becomes more concentrated in the lumen than in the stroma... |
Organizational ergonomics Methods Organizational_ergonomics > Methods Industry specific applications based on PTS are Seweasy, MODAPTS and GSD as seen in paper: Miller, Doug (2013). "Towards Sustainable Labour Costing in UK Fashion Retail". |
Structural Dynamics Time history analysis Structural_Dynamics > Time history analysis A full time history will give the response of a structure over time during and after the application of a load. To find the full time history of a structure's response, you must solve the structure's equation of motion. |
God gene Religious response God_gene > Religious response It shows the poverty of reductionist thinking. "Walter Houston, the chaplain of Mansfield College, Oxford, and a fellow in theology, told the Telegraph: "Religious belief is not just related to a person's constitution; it's related to society, tradition, charact... |
Electromagnetic wave equation Spectral decomposition Electromagnetic_wave_equation > Solutions to the homogeneous electromagnetic wave equation > Spectral decomposition Because of the linearity of Maxwell's equations in a vacuum, solutions can be decomposed into a superposition of sinusoids. This is the basis for the F... |
Phage ecology Relationship with bacteria Phage_ecology > Phage community ecology > Relationship with bacteria Some phages have been found to be immune to this mechanism as well. In some way or another, the phages have managed to get rid of the sequence that would be replicated. A third way that bacteria have managed to... |
Synchronous coordinates Synchronization in an arbitrary frame of reference Synchronous_coordinates > Synchronization in an arbitrary frame of reference To this class are assigned cases where g0α can be made zeros by a simple change in the time coordinate which does not involve a choice of a system of objects that defin... |
Asymptotic theory Summary Asymptotically_equal This is often written symbolically as f (n) ~ n2, which is read as "f(n) is asymptotic to n2". An example of an important asymptotic result is the prime number theorem. Let π(x) denote the prime-counting function (which is not directly related to the constant pi), i.e. π(x... |
Grunwald–Winstein equation m values Grunwald–Winstein_equation > Definition > m values The equation parameter m, called the sensitivity factor of solvolysis, describes the compound’s ability to form the carbocation intermediate in given solvent system. It is the slope of the plot of log(ksol/k80%EtOH) vs Y values. Sinc... |
Coordinate time Coordinate time scales Coordinate_time_scale > Coordinate time scales A coordinate time scale (or coordinate time standard) is a time standard designed for use as the time coordinate in calculations that need to take account of relativistic effects. The choice of a time coordinate implies the choice of ... |
Cumulative learning Theory Cumulative_learning > Theory American psychologist Robert M. Gagne first introduced the concept of cumulative learning in 1968 on the basis that intellectual skills can be broken down into simpler ones. His model proposed that new learning builds upon prior learning and is dependent on the co... |
Period 4 element Calcium Period_4_element > s-block elements > Calcium Calcium (Ca) is the second element in the period. An alkali earth metal, calcium is almost never found in nature due to its high reactivity with water. It has one of the most widely known and acknowledged biological roles in all animals and some pla... |
One particle irreducible correlation function Summary Effective_action In quantum field theory, the quantum effective action is a modified expression for the classical action taking into account quantum corrections while ensuring that the principle of least action applies, meaning that extremizing the effective action ... |
Flash memory controller Garbage collection Flash_controller > Garbage collection Once every block of a solid-state storage device has been written one time, the flash controller will need to return to some of the initial blocks which no longer have current data (also called stale blocks). The data in these blocks were ... |
SI defining constants Kilogram SI_defining_constants > Impact on base unit definitions > Kilogram The definition of the kilogram fundamentally changed from an artifact (the International Prototype of the Kilogram) to a constant of nature. The new definition relates the kilogram to the mass equivalent of the energy of a... |
Stem-cell research Mesenchymal stem cells Stem_Cell > Embryonic > Mesenchymal stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) or mesenchymal stromal cells, also known as medicinal signaling cells are known to be multipotent, which can be found in adult tissues, for example, in the muscle, liver, bone marrow and adipose tissue.... |
Ethics of technology Technoethics Ethics_of_technology > External links > Technoethics RoboWarfare: can robots be more ethical than humans on the battlefield. Journal of Ethics and Information Technology, Vol. 12(3), 263–275. |
Image noise Useful noise Visual_noise > Useful noise High levels of noise are almost always undesirable, but there are cases when a certain amount of noise is useful, for example to prevent discretization artifacts (color banding or posterization). Some noise also increases acutance (apparent sharpness). Noise purposel... |
Virtualization Hardware virtualization Nested_virtualization > Hardware virtualization Instead of relying on the old model of "one server, one application" that leads to underutilized resources, virtual resources are dynamically applied to meet business needs without any excess fat" (ConsonusTech).Hardware virtualizati... |
Multiple sclerosis diagnosis Relapsing-remitting Diagnosis_of_multiple_sclerosis > Clinical courses > Relapsing-remitting On the other hand, the term malignant multiple sclerosis is used to describe people with MS having reached significant level of disability in a short period. The relapsing-remitting subtype usually ... |
Diophantus and Diophantine Equations Topics Diophantus_and_Diophantine_Equations > Topics In the sense considered in the book, a Diophantine equation is an equation written using polynomials whose coefficients are rational numbers. These equations are to be solved by finding rational-number values for the variables tha... |
Spectral geometry Summary Spectral_geometry Spectral geometry is a field in mathematics which concerns relationships between geometric structures of manifolds and spectra of canonically defined differential operators. The case of the Laplace–Beltrami operator on a closed Riemannian manifold has been most intensively st... |
Sónia Rocha Career and research highlights Sónia_Rocha > Career and research highlights In July 2017, she took up the position of head of the Biochemistry Department in the Institute of Integrative Biology, and from 2020 has been promoted to become executive dean of the Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Bio... |
Data access Details Data_access > Details Two fundamental types of data access exist: sequential access (as in magnetic tape, for example) random access (as in indexed media)Data access crucially involves authorization to access different data repositories. Data access can help distinguish the abilities of administrato... |
Hash-based cryptography One-time signature schemes Hash-based_cryptography > One-time signature schemes Commonly used one-time signature schemes include the Lamport–Diffie scheme, the Winternitz scheme and its improvements, such as the W-OTS+ scheme. Unlike the seminal Lamport–Diffie scheme, the Winternitz scheme and v... |
Robust linear regression Presence of outliers Robust_regression > Applications > Presence of outliers Although it is sometimes claimed that least squares (or classical statistical methods in general) are robust, they are only robust in the sense that the type I error rate does not increase under violations of the model... |
Cardiotocography Accelerations Cardiotocography > Interpretation > Accelerations The NICHD nomenclature defines an acceleration as a visually apparent abrupt increase in fetal heart rate. An abrupt increase is defined as an increase from the onset of acceleration to the peak in 30 seconds or less. To be called an accel... |
TeX markup Hyphenation and justification TeX_markup > Aspects > Hyphenation and justification In comparison, the total-fit line-breaking algorithm used by TeX and developed by Donald Knuth and Michael Plass considers all the possible breakpoints in a paragraph, and finds the combination of line breaks that will produce... |
Log-structured File System (BSD) Design Log-structured_File_System_(BSD) > Design Inode map blocks updated to point at (3).Unlike UFS, inodes in LFS do not have fixed locations. An inode map—a flat list of inode block locations—is used to track them. As with everything else, inode map blocks are also written to the log... |
Wizard of Oz experiment Concept Wizard_of_Oz_experiment > Concept The phrase Wizard of Oz (originally OZ Paradigm) has come into common usage in the fields of experimental psychology, human factors, ergonomics, linguistics, and usability engineering to describe a testing or iterative design methodology wherein an exper... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.