Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
571a2ee410f8ca1400304f3d	Americans with African ancestry have always been classified as what race?	black (historically) or African American	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a2ee410f8ca1400304f3e	What were slaves and others of African ancestry classified by what term?	hypodescent	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a2ee410f8ca1400304f3f	Melungeons are generally classified as white but what are they genetically what other races?	European and sub-Saharan African ancestry	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a2ee410f8ca1400304f40	What did many with European ancetry "marry white" and want to be part of the white society?	for its social and economic advantages	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a98164faf5e1900b8aafa	Which Americans have been historically classified as African American or black?	Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a98164faf5e1900b8aafb	What caused lower classification status for African Americans?	slavery became a racial caste	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a98164faf5e1900b8aafc	How did many multiracial Americans attain social and economic advantages?	Many of majority European ancestry and appearance "married white" and assimilated into white society	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a98164faf5e1900b8aafd	What is the group called who are genetically sub Saharan and European but are classified as white?	Melungeons,	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a98164faf5e1900b8aafe	What are some historical reasons multiracial Americans have been classified as black?	slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571ddbf65569731900639074	What is Melungeon?	genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571ddbf65569731900639075	What does it mean to have "marred white"?	assimilated into white society	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571ddbf65569731900639076	What were slaves and Africans classified by?	hypodescent	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571ddbf65569731900639077	What were those with Sub-Saharan African ancestory classified as?	black (historically) or African American	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAmericans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American o...
571a328b4faf5e1900b8a908	When was there a period of formal racial segregation?	in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a328b4faf5e1900b8a909	What is the effect of there no longer being a stigma on interracial marriage?	more people are openly forming interracial unions	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a328b4faf5e1900b8a90a	What has caused more people of mixed races to the US?	Diverse immigration	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a328b4faf5e1900b8a90b	Why were Americans allowed to start checking more than one box to identify their race in the Census in 200?	Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a328b4faf5e1900b8a90c	Who was elected and was the first multiracial president of the United States?	Barack Obama	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a9a134faf5e1900b8ab1a	Who was the first multiracial president elected in the US	In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a9a134faf5e1900b8ab1b	When did the US begin to experience a growing multiracial identity movement?	Since the 1980s, the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a9a134faf5e1900b8ab1c	When did the US census start to allow residents to mark more than one ethno-racial identity on the census form?	the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a9a134faf5e1900b8ab1d	What has brought more mixed race people to the US?	. Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a9a134faf5e1900b8ab1e	Who are "mestizos"?	large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571ddd93b64a571400c71dac	What was it once considered socially advantageous to do?	try to "pass" as white	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571ddd93b64a571400c71dad	What is an example of the multiracial identity movement at work?	Loving Day	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571ddd93b64a571400c71dae	What does the first multiracial president identify as?	African American	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571ddd93b64a571400c71daf	When did the census begin allowing multiple boxes to be checked?	2000	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571ddd93b64a571400c71db0	When was an African American president elected?	2008	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era, and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country, more people are openly forming interracial unions. In addition, social conditions have changed and many multiraci...
571a441a10f8ca1400304f93	What were put in place to prevent the mix of races?	Anti-miscegenation laws	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a441a10f8ca1400304f94	Why did the anti-miscegenation not insure that there was no interracial mixing?	white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a441a10f8ca1400304f95	Where was there greater numbers of Latinos and Asian residents?	In California and the western US	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a441a10f8ca1400304f96	What races were prohibited from official relationships with whites?	Latino and Asian residents	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a441a10f8ca1400304f97	When were the laws against marriage between Asians and Europeans lifted?	1950s	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a9c0e10f8ca14003051a9	When were anti-miscegenation laws passed?	Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a9c0e10f8ca14003051aa	Did these laws change behavior of white slaveholders and other powerful white men?	this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a9c0e10f8ca14003051ab	Which region has greater numbers of Latino and Asian residents?	In California and the western US,	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a9c0e10f8ca14003051ac	Were there any laws against marriage between whites and Asians in the US?	White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a9c0e10f8ca14003051ad	Were Latino residents also prohibited from marrying whites?	were prohibited from official relationships with whites.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571dde31b64a571400c71db6	In the western US, who were not allowed to have relationships with whites?	Latino and Asian residents	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571dde31b64a571400c71db7	When did laws stop banning marriage between whites and asians?	the 1950s	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571dde31b64a571400c71db8	Who were taking slaves as concubines?	white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAnti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the west...
571a481910f8ca1400304fb5	When did the numbers of free people of color increase dramatically?	After the American Revolutionary War	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a481910f8ca1400304fb6	How were the laws in New York abolished?	in programs of gradual emancipation	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a481910f8ca1400304fb7	How long did it take for states like New York to abolish all slave laws?	more than two decades to be completed	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a481910f8ca1400304fb8	Who in the south were urging their churches to free their slaves in the south?	Quaker and Methodist preachers	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a9d964faf5e1900b8ab32	When were the last slaves freed in New York state?	The last slaves in New York were not freed until 1827.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a9d964faf5e1900b8ab33	Who implored slaveholders to free their slaves?	Quaker and Methodist preachers in the South urged slaveholders to free their slaves	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a9d964faf5e1900b8ab34	What caused many slaveholder to free their slaves?	Revolutionary ideals led many men to free their slaves	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a9d964faf5e1900b8ab35	How much did the percentage of free people in the South change from 1782 to 1810?	the percentage of free people of color rose from less than one percent to nearly 10 percent of blacks in the South.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a9d964faf5e1900b8ab36	When did the number of free people of color begin to increase in the North and South?	After the American Revolutionary War	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571ddf15556973190063907c	What is it called when it takes several years for slaves to be freed in a program?	gradual emancipation	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571ddf15556973190063907d	The last slave in New York was freed when?	1827	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571ddf15556973190063907e	What caused Quaker and Methodist preachers to want to free slaves?	Second Great Awakening	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571ddf15556973190063907f	In 1810, how many black people were considered free?	nearly 10 percent	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571ddf155569731900639080	What caused many men to free slaves from 1782 to 1810?	Revolutionary ideals	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nAfter the American Revolutionary War, the number and proportion of free people of color increased markedly in the North and the South as slaves were freed. Most northern states abolished slavery, sometimes, like New York, in programs of gradual emancipation that took more than two decades t...
571a48dd10f8ca1400304fcd	What is the one-drop rule?	defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571a48dd10f8ca1400304fce	What did some courts call the one-drop rule?	"the traceable amount rule."	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571a48dd10f8ca1400304fcf	What is a hypodesecnt rule?	meaning that racially mixed persons were assigned the status of the socially subordinate group	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571a48dd10f8ca1400304fd0	When was the one-drop rule in effect?	in the early 20th century	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571aa01210f8ca14003051d3	What is the one-drop rule?	black, persons with any known African ancestry.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571aa01210f8ca14003051d4	What is the hypodescent rule?	racially mixed persons were assigned the status of the socially subordinate group.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571aa01210f8ca14003051d5	Why were laws like the one drop rule enacted?	In their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571aa01210f8ca14003051d6	What made the one drop rule stricter than rules in the 19th century?	it ignored the many mixed families in the state and went against commonly accepted social rules of judging a person by appearance and association.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571ddffdb64a571400c71dbc	In the early 1900s, what was did black mean in southern states?	persons with any known African ancestry	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571ddffdb64a571400c71dbd	Prior to the 1900s, what was the socially accepted rule for racial interpretation?	judging a person by appearance and association.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571ddffdb64a571400c71dbe	What rule means multiracial people are given status of the socially subordinate group?	a hypodescent rule	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571ddffdb64a571400c71dbf	What was the rule used in law in the 1900s called?	the one-drop rule	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571ddffdb64a571400c71dc0	What was the rule in the 1800s called?	the traceable amount rule	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn their attempt to ensure white supremacy decades after emancipation, in the early 20th century, most southern states created laws based on the one-drop rule, defining as black, persons with any known African ancestry. This was a stricter interpretation than what had prevailed in the 19th ...
571a8c4810f8ca140030510e	Before the mid-20th century were people open about their muticultural heritage and why or why not?	Prior to the mid-20th century, many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571a8c4810f8ca140030510f	Are all muticultural Americans aware of their cultural heritage?	While many Americans may be biologically multiracial, they often do not know it	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571a94b04faf5e1900b8aac4	Approximentally how many Americans identified themselves as multiracial in the 2010 US census?	In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals, or 2.9% of the population, self-identified as multiracial.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571a94b04faf5e1900b8aac5	What is the accepted definition of "multicultural" ancestry?	Multiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of "two or more races".	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571a94b04faf5e1900b8aac6	Why did muticultural Americans hid their heritage?	Prior to the mid-20th century, many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571a94b04faf5e1900b8aac7	Are all multicultural Americans aware of their heritage?	While many Americans may be biologically multiracial, they often do not know it	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571a94b04faf5e1900b8aac8	Which cultural do multicultural people usually identify with?	, generally that of the culture in which they were raised.	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571da1b05569731900639059	What are people most likely to identify themselves as?	the culture in which they were raised	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571da1b0556973190063905a	Would DNA show a higher number or lower number of mutliracial people than those reported in the census?	higher number	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571dd9035569731900639060	What does it mean to be a mutliracial?	two or more races	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571dd9035569731900639061	How many multiracial people in the US were there in 2010?	approximately 9 million individuals	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571dd9035569731900639063	When did people stop hiding mutliracial heritage?	the mid-20th century	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nMultiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\". The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf. the one-drop rule). In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals,...
571de14eb64a571400c71dc6	What occured from 1955 to 1968?	The African-American Civil Rights Movement	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nThe American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been conti...
571de14eb64a571400c71dc7	How much of the population identified as mixed race in the 2000s?	less than 5%	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nThe American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been conti...
571de14eb64a571400c71dc8	What is race sometimes seen as?	a social construct	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nThe American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been conti...
571de14eb64a571400c71dc9	Who are descendents of various culturally distinct groups?	The American people	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nThe American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been conti...
571de14eb64a571400c71dca	What does affect recent identification in many cases?	mixed racial ancestry	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nThe American people are mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various culturally distinct immigrant groups, many of which have now developed nations. Some consider themselves multiracial, while acknowledging race as a social construct. Creolization, assimilation and integration have been conti...
571de2575569731900639086	Who were considered "white Indians"?	Europeans living among Indigenous Americans	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSome Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called \"white Indians\". They \"lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions.\" More numerous and typical were traders and trapper...
571de2575569731900639087	Who had Indigenous "Country wives"?	Some traders	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSome Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called \"white Indians\". They \"lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions.\" More numerous and typical were traders and trapper...
571de2575569731900639088	Who lived in native communities, speaking the language and participating in the affairs of tribes?	"white Indians"	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSome Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called \"white Indians\". They \"lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions.\" More numerous and typical were traders and trapper...
571de2575569731900639089	Why were some multiracial children sent to Europe?	for their education	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSome Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called \"white Indians\". They \"lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions.\" More numerous and typical were traders and trapper...
571de257556973190063908a	Where were legal wives usually kept?	in the city	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSome Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called \"white Indians\". They \"lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions.\" More numerous and typical were traders and trapper...
571de30db64a571400c71dd0	When could white women and black men be in a union?	In the colonial years	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free peopl...
571de30db64a571400c71dd1	Where did 80% of free people of color in NC come from?	Virginia in colonial years	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free peopl...
571de30db64a571400c71dd2	What is Paul Heinegg?	scholar	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free peopl...
571de30db64a571400c71dd3	What censuses did he study?	from 1790–1810	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nIn the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free peopl...
571de3ebb64a571400c71dd8	Who were not identified by name on the census before the civil war?	slaves	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSometimes people of mixed African-American and Native American descent report having had elder family members withholding pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, as censuses did not identify slaves by name before the Am...
571de3ebb64a571400c71dd9	Who was Thomas Jefferson in a relationship with?	Sally Hemings	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSometimes people of mixed African-American and Native American descent report having had elder family members withholding pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, as censuses did not identify slaves by name before the Am...
571de3ebb64a571400c71dda	Not recognizing white fatherhood for multiracial slave children cause what to be lost?	paternity	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSometimes people of mixed African-American and Native American descent report having had elder family members withholding pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, as censuses did not identify slaves by name before the Am...
571de3ebb64a571400c71ddb	Who will not reveal full ancestral data to mixed race people?	elder family members	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nSometimes people of mixed African-American and Native American descent report having had elder family members withholding pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, as censuses did not identify slaves by name before the Am...
571de4b45569731900639090	Who brought Christian missionaries to Hawaii?	traders	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nDuring the 1800s Christian missionaries from Great Britain and the United States followed traders to the Hawaiian islands. Long-termly, the Anglo-Saxon presence negatively impacted the level of regard Hawaiian royal women held for their own indigenous looks. For centuries prior the arrival ...
571de4b45569731900639091	What cause royal Hawaiian females to find themselves ugly?	the Anglo-Saxon presence	[ "Multiracial_American\n\nDuring the 1800s Christian missionaries from Great Britain and the United States followed traders to the Hawaiian islands. Long-termly, the Anglo-Saxon presence negatively impacted the level of regard Hawaiian royal women held for their own indigenous looks. For centuries prior the arrival ...

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