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aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] glycogen is what type of fat?
carbohydrate storage short term storage in animals
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] what is the cytoskeleton?
consist of microtubes and microfilaments...forms a framework for the soft plasma membrane and it also supports and anchors the other structure w/in cell
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] what is the cilia and flagella?
cilia- are hairlike particles in a few cells (2-10 microns long) moves material along the surface of with a brushing motion flagella-(200 microns long) are ONLY found in sperm cells and allows them to swim
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] what is catabolism?
requires enzymes breakdown of molecules may release energy used in breaking down nutrients and recycling all components used to access energy storage
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] why is glucose so important for the cell?
it provides energy for the cell energy in glucose is used to generate ATP in absense of glucose other carbs, fats, proteins, can be catabolized to generate ATP
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] what are the four stages of cellular respiration?
glycolisis preparatory step citric acid cycle electron transport system
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] what is glycolysis?
occurs int eh cytoplasm series of ten reactions that split glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid 2 ATP are produced high energy electrons and hydrogen ions are removed and picked up by a coenzyme NAD+ forming NADH
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
aea52a35_Test___1_Flashcards___Cram_com__ace_it_is_composed_by_elements
[what is matter?] what is the citric acid cycle?
occurs in mitochondria also known as krebs cycle extracts high energy electrons to form NADH and FADH2 produces 2 ATP and carbon dioxide
[]
Human Biology Test # 1 Flashcards - Cram.com
anything that has mass and occupies space it is composed by elements
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/human-biology-test-1-1915133
29/1438042990123.20_20150728002310-00191-ip-10-236-191-2_398452854_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Annuals [2]
complete life cycle in one year and have little or no secondary growth
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Anther [2]
part of a stamen that produces and contains pollen
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Antipodal cells [2]
group of cells, situated at the opposite end to the micropyle
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Apomixis [2]
Asexual production of seeds
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Bracts [2]
A leaflike or scalelike plant part, usually small, sometimes showy or brightly colored, and located just below a flower, a flower stalk, or an inflorescence
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Biennials [2]
two years to complete life cycle. first year, store carbohydrates. second year, stored carbohydrates are used to produce flowers and seeds
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Bulbs [2]
fleshy, modified leaves for food storage
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Cadastral genes [2]
refine floral organ identity gene expression within whorls
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Circadian oscillations [2]
components of the biological clocks that regulate the activities of organisms in relation to environmental cycles and provide an internal temporal framework
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Circadian rhythms [2]
a roughly 24-hour cycle in the biochemical, physiological, or behavioural processes of living entities, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Critical day length [2]
The period of daylight, specific in length for any given species, that appears to initiate flowering
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Critical night length [2]
The period of darkness, specific in length for any given species, that appears to initiate flowering
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Complete flower [2]
having all four floral parts: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Corms [2]
disc-like underground stems that consist primarily of stem tissue
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Cotyledon [2]
nutrient storage area in angiosperm seeds
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Day-neutral plants [2]
Do not rely on length of day or night to control flowering or other responses
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Dioecious [2]
Plants that bear either male-only or female-only flowers on an individual plant
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Double fertilization [2]
One sperm cell fuses with egg cell, forming 2n zygote. Other sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei in central cell, forming triploid nucleus
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Embryo sac [2]
megagametophyte of a seed plant, within which the embryo develops
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Endosperm [2]
Triploid (3n) nutritive tissue within seeds of flowering plants, surrounding and absorbed by the embryo
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Floral meristems [2]
give rise to a flower. produces four whorls or spirals of organs, with very short internodes
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Florigen [2]
hormone-like molecules responsible for controlling and/or triggering flowering
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] FOI genes [2]
homeotic genes –major regulatory genes that control other genes
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Fruit [2]
Develops from ovary wall. carpel becomes wall of fruit surrounding seed. protect seed from damage by animals and infection by microbes
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Generative cell [2]
one of two haploid 1n cells within the pollen grain in seed plants undergoes one mitotic division to produce two 1n sperm cells
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Grafting [2]
Process of attaching bud or piece of stem from one plant onto root or stem (with roots) of another plant
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Imperfect flower [2]
have only functional stamens or only functional carpels
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Inflorescence [2]
an orderly cluster of flowers
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Inflorescence meristem [2]
produces bracts and new meristems in angle between bract and stem
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Integuments [2]
tissues surrounding megasporangium that develop into the seed coat
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] indeterminate growth [2]
Apical meristems continuously produce leaves, stems, and axillary buds
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Long-day plant [2]
Flower when day is longer than critical maximum. Flower in midsummer
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Meristem [2]
the tissue in most plants consisting of undifferentiated cells found in zones of the plant where growth can take place
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Megagametophyte [2]
The female gametophyte that arises from a megaspore of a heterosporous plant.
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Megasporangium [2]
female sporangia produce megasporocytes that yield megaspores
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Megaspores [2]
give rise to a female gametophyte
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Microgametophyte [2]
male gametophyte that develops from the microspores of heterosporous plants. The pollen grains of gymnosperms and angiosperms
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Microsporangium [2]
produces spores that give rise to male gametophytes
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Microspores [2]
develops a spore wall and divides mitotically to form two 1n cells in each pollen grain (microgametophyte)
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Megasporocyte [2]
undergoes meiosis to produce four 1n megaspores —all but one degenerates
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Microsporocyte [2]
2n cell, located in the anter, that undergoes meiosis to produce four 1n microspores
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Monoecious [2]
Plants that bear both male and female flowers on an individual plant
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Ovary [2]
at base of pistil. containing ovules, each of which contain a megasporangium
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Ovule [2]
a small body in seed-bearing plants that consists of the integument(s), nucellus, and embryosac (containing the egg cell) and develops into the seed after fertilization
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Perfect flower [2]
have both functional stamens and carpels
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Perennials [2]
live three or more years. Typically flower every year
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Pericarp [2]
The wall of a ripened ovary; fruit wall
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Photoperiodism [2]
control of flowering and other responses by length of day or night. synchronizes flowering in the same species so that cross-pollination and successful reproduction is promoted
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Plantlets [2]
a tiny version of a plant still attached somewhere to its parent plant. The plantlets obtain food from the parent plant until they are established
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Pistil [2]
composed of one or more carpels
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Polar nuclei [2]
two haploid nuclei found in the centre of the embryo sac after division of the megaspore. They combine with one sperm cell to form the 3n (triploid) endosperm
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Pollen grain [2]
one of the granular microspores that occur in pollen and give rise to the male gametophyte of a seed plant
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Pollen tube [2]
grows through style to reach ovule. Downward growth is guided by chemical signal released by synergids
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Pollination [2]
transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Rhizomes [2]
horizontal underground stems that give rise to new shoots
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Runners [2]
horizontal stems that form roots at intervals and can develop into new plants
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Scion [2]
part grafted onto the stock
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Self-incompatibility [2]
When plants reject pollen from their own flowers. promotes outcrossing and increases heterozygosity. S gene is responsible for self-incompatibility
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Short-day plants [2]
Flower when day is shorter than critical maximum. Flower in late summer or fall
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Stamen [2]
male sex organs, has a filament with two-lobed anther, containing four fused microsporangia
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Stigma [2]
receptive tip of a carpel recieves pollen at pollination
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Stock [2]
Root-bearing plant (in grafting)
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Stolons [2]
horizontal stems that form roots at intervals and can develop into new plants
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Style [2]
stalk of pistil, with stigma at the end
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Suckers [2]
young plants that sprout from the horizontal roots of a parent plant. form interconnected stands of genetically identical individuals
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Suspensor [2]
a daughter cell that becomes a supporting structure after double fertilization
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Synergids [2]
one of two small cells lying near the micropyle of the embryo sac of an angiosperm. attract pollen tube and receive sperm nuclei
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Tip layers [2]
branches that sag to the ground and a new plant grows from the branch tip
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Tissue culture [2]
a practice used to propagate plants under sterile conditions, often to produce clones of a plant
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Torpedo stage [2]
Tissues begin to differentiate. Shoot apex forms between cotyledons. Root apex forms at other end
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Totipotency [2]
undifferentiated cells can give rise to entire plants
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Tube cell [2]
The cell in the pollen grain that develops into the pollen tube
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Tubers [2]
enlarged underground stems called
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Vegetative reproduction [2]
A form of asexual reproduction in plants, in which multicellular structures become detached from the parent plant and develop into new individuals that are genetically identical to the parent plant
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
9a54b4c5_d_Chp_38_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Vernalization [2]
Process of inducing flowering by low temperatures
[]
Life: The Science of Biology 9th Ed Chp 38 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/life-the-science-of-biology-9th-ed-chp-38-1914857
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00042-ip-10-236-191-2_382409898_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
extra-capsular: nucleus and cortex removed from capsule, leaving posterior capsule, peripheral part of the anterior capsule and the zonules intact intra-capsular: whole lens removal [cataract]
types of cataract surgerys
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
Phakia: with natural crystalline lens Aphakia: w/o natural crystalline lens Pseudophakia: IOL implant following surgery [cataract]
Phakia Aphakia Pseudophakia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
Gullstrand's Simplified Schematic Eye [cataract]
what schematic eye model is used for a aphakic eye
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
high plus lens contact lens [cataract]
how do you treat aphakia with spectacles
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
edge of plus lens act as a prism object located in the shadowed areas are not seen used to treat aphakia with spectacles [cataract]
what is ring scotoma? what does it treat?
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
associated with the ring scotoma 1. a patient turns head to see an object 2. object disappears in the peripheral of the ring scotoma 3. object then reappears once the image is in the visual area [cataract]
what is the jack in the box phenomenon
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
mag. of image is more at the peripheral than in the center of the lens due to prismatic effect object appears stretched out at the corners like a pin-cushion [cataract]
spherical aberration effect of high plus lens
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
a decline in accommodative ability that occurs normally with age and necessitates a plus lens addition to perform near task [cataract]
presbyopia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
incipient functional absolute premature [cataract]
what to the 4 classification of presbyopia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
1. axial thickness of the lens increase with age 2. radius of curvature of the central anterior surface decreases with age [cataract]
how does the lens change throughout lifetime
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
up to half [cataract]
in clinic how much accommodation should the patient sustain on their own
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
spectacle lens contact lens special IOL surgery [cataract]
what are four ways to treat presbyopia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
crystalline lens hardening reducing the efficiency of the ciliary muscles crystalline lens gets larger throughout lifetime [cataract]
what are some classical reasoning for presbyopia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
equal refractive errors between the two eyes [cataract]
Isometropia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
unequal refractive errors between the two eyes [cataract]
Anisometropia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
one eye is myopic and one eye is hyperopic [cataract]
Antimetropia
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json
5f3c1ccc_s_Test_2_Flashcards___Cram_com__cataract
developmental ocular surgeries (monocular cataract surgery) [cataract]
when does Anisometropia occurs
[]
Visual Optics Test 2 Flashcards - Cram.com
cataract
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/visual-optics-test-2-1671829
29/1438042987628.47_20150728002307-00170-ip-10-236-191-2_385036897_0.json