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mg/dL\tand\tthe\tpresence\tof\tketones\tare\tdanger\tsignals\tindicating\tthat\tadditional\tinsulin\tis\nneeded.\n3.\t\nAmple\tamounts\tof\tliquid\tneed\tto\tbe\tconsumed\tevery\thour.\tIf\tvomiting,\tdiarrhea,\tor\tfever\tis\npresent,\tsmall\tsips—1\tor\t2\ttablespoons\tevery\t15-30\tmin—can\tusually\tbe\tconsumed.\tI...
[ -0.03007178194820881, -0.07262087613344193, 0.036998406052589417, -0.05976060777902603, -0.08449780195951462, -0.0023069344460964203, 0.13409464061260223, 0.016515342518687248, 0.007452766876667738, 0.023730535060167313, 0.0907619297504425, -0.04765687882900238, 0.07273776084184647, 0.0065...
vomiting\tcontinues\tand\tthe\tindividual\tis\tunable\tto\ttake\tfluids\tfor\tlonger\tthan\t4\thr,\tthe\nhealth\tcare\tteam\tshould\tbe\tnotified.\n4.\t\nIf\tregular\tfoods\tare\tnot\ttolerated,\tliquid\tor\tsoft\tcarbohydrate-containing\tfoods\t(such\tas\nregular\tsoft\tdrinks,\tsoup,\tjuices,\tand\tice\tcream)\tshoul...
[ 0.039544641971588135, -0.06429613381624222, 0.05144676938652992, -0.0520746186375618, -0.027056926861405373, -0.027654025703668594, 0.11115318536758423, 0.06103815883398056, -0.02304580993950367, -0.02398080937564373, 0.061903759837150574, -0.03304290771484375, 0.05449927970767021, 0.01571...
carbohydrate\tevery\t1-2\thr\t(or\t50\tg\tof\tcarbohydrate\tevery\t3-4\thr)\tis\tusually\tsufficient.\n5.\t\nThe\thealth\tcare\tteam\tshould\tbe\tcalled\tif\tillness\tcontinues\tfor\tmore\tthan\t1\tday.\nAdapted\tfrom\tKaufman\tF:\t\nMedical\tmanagement\tof\ttype\t1\tdiabetes\n,\ted\t6,\tAlexandria,\tVA,\t2012,\tAmeric...
[ -0.012045872397720814, -0.08289959281682968, 0.017336193472146988, 0.026792427524924278, -0.10758575797080994, 0.03695208579301834, 0.08935636281967163, 0.00619822321459651, -0.03965728357434273, 0.03629577159881592, 0.051512546837329865, -0.026282798498868942, -0.03722769021987915, -0.007...
,\ted\t6,\tAlexandria,\tVA,\t2012,\tAmerican\nDiabetes\tAssociation.\nFasting\n\thyperglycemia\tis\ta\tcommon\tfinding\tin\tpersons\twith\tdiabetes.\tThe\tamount\tof\tinsulin\nrequired\tto\tnormalize\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tduring\tthe\tnight\tis\tless\tin\tthe\tpredawn\tperiod\t(from\t1\tam
[ -0.007462223060429096, -0.053469330072402954, 0.051679182797670364, 0.024177197366952896, -0.10985549539327621, 0.03245964273810387, 0.11603928357362747, -0.03930298611521721, 0.0038243597373366356, 0.06813398748636246, 0.09526632726192474, -0.01537315919995308, -0.02735716663300991, -0.01...
to\t3\tam)\tthan\tat\tdawn\t(from\t4\tam\tto\t8\tam).\tThe\tincreased\tneed\tfor\tinsulin\tat\tdawn\tcauses\ta\trise\tin\nFBG\tlevels\treferred\tto\tas\tthe\t\ndawn\tphenomenon\n.\tIt\tresults\tif\tinsulin\tlevels\tdecline\tbetween\npredawn\tand\tdawn\tor\tif\n\tovernight\thepatic\tglucose\toutput\tbecomes\texcessive\t...
[ -0.028657637536525726, -0.06924451887607574, 0.03125834837555885, -0.0650985911488533, -0.1215774416923523, -0.018516818061470985, 0.09204648435115814, 0.015550347976386547, 0.013337167911231518, 0.05583711341023445, 0.1083378791809082, -0.025951115414500237, 0.034185461699962616, 0.031392...
To\tidentify\tthe\tdawn\tphenomenon,\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tare\tmonitored\tat\tbedtime\tand\tat\t2\tam\tto\t3\nam.\tWith\tthe\tdawn\tphenomenon,\tpredawn\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\twill\tbe\tin\tthe\tlow\trange\tof\tnormal\tbut\nnot\tin\tthe\thypoglycemic\trange.\tFor\tpatients\twith\tT2DM,\tmetformin\toften\tis\tused...
[ -0.004796397406607866, -0.032404907047748566, 0.04364046826958656, -0.019767334684729576, -0.0762900710105896, 0.02437947876751423, 0.07999149709939957, 0.037297382950782776, 0.0118460264056921, -0.0014482985716313124, 0.0910363495349884, -0.0014061336405575275, 0.03536122664809227, -0.001...
decreases\thepatic\tglucose\toutput.\tFor\tpersons\n\twith\tT1DM,\tadministering\tinsulin\tthat\tdoes\tnot\tpeak\nat\t1\tam\tto\t3\tam,\tsuch\tas\ta\tlong-acting\tinsulin,\tshould\tbe\tconsidered.\nHypoglycemia\tfollowed\tby\trebound\thyperglycemia\tis\tcalled\tthe\t\nSomogyi\teffect\n.\tThis\tphenomenon
[ 0.020453909412026405, -0.05093902349472046, 0.037943948060274124, 0.025961922481656075, -0.04384233057498932, 0.014302873983979225, 0.060890570282936096, 0.12506026029586792, -0.016828225925564766, 0.047050412744283676, 0.05011287331581116, 0.0406353659927845, 0.025742338970303535, 0.04564...
Somogyi\teffect\n.\tThis\tphenomenon\noriginates\tduring\thypoglycemia\twith\tthe\tsecretion\tof\tcounterregulatory\thormones\t(glucagon,\nepinephrine,\tgrowth\thormone,\tand\tcortisol)\tand\tusually\tis\tcaused\tby\texcessive\texogenous\tinsulin\ndoses.\tHepatic\tglucose\tproduction\tis\tstimulated,\tthus\traising\tbl...
[ 0.029649173840880394, -0.07813922315835953, 0.039476651698350906, -0.011252888478338718, -0.052123330533504486, 0.06355077773332596, 0.04649105295538902, 0.010774333961308002, 0.02366544120013714, 0.08015133440494537, 0.10731096565723419, -0.0352119579911232, -0.00023051568132359535, 0.015...
hyperglycemia\tgoes\tunrecognized\tand\tinsulin\tdoses\tare\tincreased,\ta\tcycle\tof\toverinsulinization\tmay\nresult.\tDecreasing\tevening\tinsulin\tdoses\tor,\tfor\tthe\tdawn\tphenomenon,\ttaking\ta\tlong-acting\tinsulin\nshould\tbe\tconsidered.\nLong-term\tcomplications
[ -0.022395191714167595, -0.057339638471603394, 0.02539248764514923, 0.020632121711969376, -0.07307185977697372, 0.006864529103040695, 0.11545702815055847, 0.05001632124185562, -0.03539861738681793, 0.032254163175821304, 0.05230511724948883, -0.02605479024350643, -0.019268589094281197, 0.014...
Long-term\tcomplications\tof\tdiabetes\tinclude\tmacrovascular\n\tdiseases,\tmicrovascular\tdiseases,\tand\nneuropathy.\t\nMacrovascular\tdiseases\n\tinvolve\tdiseases\tof\tlarge\tblood\tvessels.\tIn\tcontrast,\nmicrovascular\tdiseases\n\tassociated\twith\tdiabetes\tinvolve\tthe\tsmall\tblood\tvessels\tand\tinclude\nne...
[ 0.012936834245920181, -0.09660898894071579, 0.03188338130712509, 0.04099898785352707, -0.07742828130722046, -0.002678600372746587, 0.0569024458527565, 0.07961577922105789, -0.06801466643810272, 0.06616035848855972, 0.055259060114622116, 0.024514252319931984, -0.0071618701331317425, 0.06266...
nephropathy\tand\tretinopathy.\nCommon\tconsequences\tof\tdiabetic\tneuropathy\tand/or\tperipheral\tarterial\tdisease\t(PAD)\tinclude\nfoot\tulcers\tand\tamputation,\tand\tboth\trepresent\tmajor\tcauses\n\tof\tmorbidity\tand\tmortality\tin\tpeople\nwith\tdiabetes.\tEarly\tdetection\tis\tkey\tin\ttreatment\tof\tpatients...
[ 0.005440773908048868, -0.039342157542705536, 0.07162158936262131, 0.03266241028904915, -0.08679617196321487, -0.024678105488419533, 0.09633993357419968, 0.039698440581560135, -0.063312828540802, 0.009240807965397835, 0.07945042103528976, 0.011567379347980022, -0.001224335515871644, -0.0011...
and\tamputations.\tRisk\tfactors\tinclude\tpoor\tglycemic\tcontrol,\tperipheral\tneuropathy\twith\tloss\tof\nprotective\tsensation\t(LOPS),\tcigarette\tsmoking,\tfoot\tdeformities,\tpreulcerative\tcallus\tor\tcorn,\tPAD,\nhistory\tof\tfoot\tulcer\tor\tamputation,\tvisual\timpairment,\n\tand\tdiabetic\tkidney\tdisease\t...
[ 0.0002224505296908319, -0.10641102492809296, 0.056189656257629395, -0.011404055170714855, -0.1481698453426361, -0.0360042043030262, 0.03873278945684433, 0.03817777335643768, -0.032655395567417145, 0.04835199564695358, 0.07573965936899185, 0.0015843970468267798, 0.012168108485639095, 0.0193...
patients\ton\tdialysis)\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\nMNT\tis\timportant\tin\tmanaging\tseveral\tlong-term\tcomplications\tof\tdiabetes.\tNutrition\ttherapy\tis\nalso\ta\tmajor\tcomponent\tin\treducing\trisk\tfactors\tfor\tchronic\tcomplications,\tespecially\tthose\trelated\tto\nmacrovascular\tdisease.\nMacrovascular\tdiseases
[ -0.03520750626921654, -0.07844537496566772, 0.028009489178657532, -0.04156245291233063, -0.1824210286140442, -0.027555158361792564, 0.05042126402258873, 0.091196209192276, 0.0013862915802747011, 0.04895840212702751, 0.04603259637951851, 0.004158540163189173, -0.01133650355041027, 0.0541751...
macrovascular\tdisease.\nMacrovascular\tdiseases\nInsulin\tresistance,\twhich\tmay\tprecede\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\tT2DM\tand\tmacrovascular\n\tdisease\tby\nmany\tyears,\tinduces\tnumerous\tmetabolic\tchanges\tknown\tas\tthe\t\nmetabolic\tsyndrome\n\t(see\t\nChapter\n20\n).\tIt\tis\tcharacterized\tby\tintraabdominal\tob...
[ 0.02474469318985939, -0.0773526206612587, 0.04897618666291237, -0.036736439913511276, -0.1162177249789238, -0.001720590516924858, 0.047579575330019, 0.07423464208841324, -0.01498209685087204, 0.10215426981449127, 0.12344735115766525, 0.0022776948753744364, 0.004260457586497068, 0.100591957...
circumference\tgreater\tthan\t102\tcm\t[40\tin]\tin\tmen\tand\tgreater\tthan\t88\tcm\t[35\tin]\tin\twomen)\tand\tis\nassociated\twith\tdyslipidemia,\thypertension,\tglucose\tintolerance,\tand\tincreased\tprevalence\tof\nmacrovascular\tcomplications.\tOther\trisk\tfactors\tinclude\tgenetics,\tsmoking,\tsedentary\tlifest...
[ -0.006742438767105341, -0.06053451821208, 0.02646588161587715, 0.002747310558333993, -0.0766276940703392, -0.031355712562799454, 0.08542416244745255, 0.08986974507570267, -0.05146896466612816, 0.038301981985569, 0.05851386487483978, -0.030794782564044, 0.025324832648038864, 0.0490031875669...
fat\tdiet,\trenal\tfailure,\tand\tmicroalbuminuria.\nMacrovascular\tdiseases\tincluding\tatherosclerotic\tcardiovascular\tdisease\t(ASCVD),\tperipheral\nvascular\tdisease\t(PVD),\tand\tcerebrovascular\tdisease\tare\tmore\tcommon,\ttend\tto\toccur\tat\tan\tearlier\nage,\tand\tare\tmore\textensive\tand\tsevere\tin\tpeopl...
[ 0.002965090097859502, -0.06965150684118271, 0.05579216033220291, 0.02088303677737713, -0.06473767757415771, -0.011738053523004055, 0.09174010902643204, 0.055947840213775635, -0.03616317734122276, 0.029698660597205162, 0.08576615899801254, -0.029641980305314064, -0.002058994024991989, 0.028...
People\twith\tdiabetes\thave\tthe\tCVD\nrisk\tequivalent\tto\tpersons\twith\tpreexisting\tCVD\tand\tno\tdiabetes\t(\nLow\tWang\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nFurthermore,\tin\twomen\twith\tdiabetes\tthe\tincreased\trisk\tof\tmortality\tfrom\theart\tdisease\tis\tgreater\nthan\tin\tmen,\tin\tcontrast\tto\tthe\tnondiabetic\tpopulati...
[ -0.006036888808012009, 0.004028170835226774, 0.04137787967920303, -0.03595665469765663, -0.13526852428913116, 0.005702801514416933, 0.116549551486969, -0.04806361347436905, -0.008961456827819347, 0.08424218744039536, 0.1497446894645691, -0.05847187340259552, 0.017112676054239273, -0.009626...
men\tthan\tin\twomen\t(\nRecarti\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nDyslipidemia\nPatients\twith\tdiabetes\n\thave\tan\tincreased\tprevalence\tof\tlipid\tabnormalities\tthat\tcontribute\tto\thigher\nrates\tof\tCVD.\tFor\texample,\tin\tT2DM\tthe\tprevalence\tof\tan\televated\tcholesterol\tlevel\tis\tabout\t28%\tto
[ 0.006997347809374332, -0.018665621057152748, 0.024197569116950035, 0.007921074517071247, -0.09619242697954178, -0.019642483443021774, 0.11986716091632843, -0.019636310636997223, -0.02899806760251522, 0.050118736922740936, 0.09018588811159134, -0.04486699029803276, -0.01947808638215065, 0.0...
34%.\tSimilarly,\tabout\t5%\tto\t14%\tof\tpatients\twith\tT2DM\thave\thigh\ttriglyceride\tlevels.\tLower\tHDL\ncholesterol\tlevels\tare\tcommon.\tPeople\twith\tT2DM\ttypically\thave\tsmaller,\tdenser\tLDL\tparticles,\nwhich\tincrease\tatherogenicity\n\teven\tif\tthe\ttotal\tLDL\tcholesterol\tlevel\tis\tnot\tsignificant...
[ 0.024558795616030693, -0.06759250164031982, -0.018313098698854446, -0.034082911908626556, -0.09643680602312088, -0.060674067586660385, 0.07516893744468689, 0.10531692206859589, -0.037712011486291885, -0.00041156908264383674, 0.0935969352722168, -0.03323201835155487, -0.012763384729623795, ...
Lifestyle\tintervention,\tincluding\tMNT,\talong\twith\tweight\tloss\t(if\tindicated)\tthrough\treduced\tenergy\nintake\tand\tincreased\tphysical\tactivity\tand\tsmoking\tcessation\tshould\tbe\tconsidered.\tEvidence\tis\ninconclusive\tfor\tthe\tideal\tamount\tof\ttotal\tfat\tintake;\tfat\tquality\tmay\tas\timportant\ta...
[ 0.00690367491915822, -0.03298547491431236, 0.09709358215332031, -0.004558604676276445, -0.06240719556808472, 0.006755463313311338, 0.12383075803518295, -0.02797843888401985, -0.04024986922740936, 0.037412673234939575, 0.12076855450868607, -0.09270424395799637, 0.04219845309853554, 0.021866...
Evert\net\tal,\t2013\n).\tDiet\tshould\tbe\n\tfocused\ton\treduction\tof\tsaturated\tfat,\ttrans\tfat,\tand\tcholesterol\tand\nincreased\tintake\tof\tomega-3\tfat\t(in\tfood,\tnot\tas\tsupplements),\tviscous\tfiber,\tand\tplant\tstanols/sterols\n(\nADA,\t2018\n).\tIn\tpeople\twith\tT2DM,\ta\tMediterranean-style,\tMUFA-...
[ -0.04071057587862015, -0.03936493396759033, 0.07131638377904892, -0.04472551867365837, -0.09104973077774048, -0.0020789452828466892, 0.06108720228075981, -0.007758934050798416, -0.00648924708366394, -0.01621951535344124, 0.12699945271015167, -0.07052040845155716, -0.0015343023696914315, -0...
glycemic\tcontrol\tand\tCVD\trisk\tfactors.\tOther\tCVD\tnutrition\trecommendations\tfor\tpeople\twith\ndiabetes\tare\tthe\tsame\tas\tfor\tthe\tgeneral\n\tpublic.\tThe\tmost\tcurrent\tAmerican\tCollege\tof\tCardiology\n(ACC)/American\tHeart\tAssociation\t(AHA)\trecommendations\tare\tfor\tuse\tof\tthe\tDASH\tdiet\teatin...
[ 0.01257631741464138, -0.06879674643278122, 0.040221188217401505, 0.01593555510044098, -0.09756485372781754, 0.018615704029798508, 0.09736265242099762, -0.006537445820868015, 0.0013387517537921667, 0.034914594143629074, 0.06886859983205795, -0.04850923269987106, -0.012127296067774296, -0.00...
pattern\t(see\t\nChapter\t32\n).\tIn\taddition\tto\tnutrition\ttherapy,\tstatin\ttherapy\tis\ttypically\trecommended,\nregardless\tof\tlipid\tlevels,\tfor\tall\tadults\tover\t40\twith\tdiabetes\t(\nADA,\t2018\n)\t(\nTable\t29.9\n).\nTABLE\t29.9\nRecommendations\tfor\tLipid\tand\tBlood\tPressure\n\tfor\tMost\tAdults\tWi...
[ -0.06708386540412903, -0.010018710047006607, -0.012654274702072144, -0.05002612993121147, -0.09469033032655716, -0.04616148769855499, 0.014152675867080688, 0.050925448536872864, -0.018448766320943832, 0.05399861931800842, 0.08319457620382309, 0.015816248953342438, 0.012007462792098522, 0.0...
Lipids/Blood\tPressure\nCriteria\nLDL\tcholesterol\n<100\tmg/dL\t(<2.6\tmmol/l)\n*\nHDL\tcholesterol\nMen:\t>40\tmg/dL\t(>1.0\tmmol/l)\nWomen:\t>50\tmg/d\t(>1.3\tmmol/l)\nTriglycerides\n<150\tmg/dL\t(<1.7\tmmol/l)\nBlood\tpressure\n<140/90\tmm\tHg\n*
[ -0.04047130420804024, -0.06697441637516022, -0.030181728303432465, 0.019915569573640823, -0.12745079398155212, -0.0690804198384285, -0.0006671089795418084, 0.10228943079710007, -0.026660414412617683, -0.046004924923181534, 0.04007818177342415, -0.07474474608898163, -0.01643180474638939, -0...
Triglycerides\n<150\tmg/dL\t(<1.7\tmmol/l)\nBlood\tpressure\n<140/90\tmm\tHg\n*\nFor\tpatients\twith\tdiabetes\tand\tatherosclerotic\tcardiovascular\tdisease,\tif\tLDL\tcholesterol\tis\tgreater\tthan\tor\tequal\tto\t70\tmg/dL\ton\tmaximally\n\ttolerated\nstatin\tdose,\tconsider\tadding\tadditional\tLDL\tlowering\tthera...
[ -0.021677959710359573, -0.06294403970241547, 0.000035090488381683826, -0.033739883452653885, -0.15593436360359192, -0.05702158063650131, 0.052724435925483704, 0.1443663090467453, -0.029857784509658813, -0.04169055074453354, 0.04206114634871483, -0.02792668342590332, -0.0086048673838377, 0....
HDL\n,\tHigh-density\tlipoprotein;\t\nLDL\n,\tlow-density\tlipoprotein.\nData\tfrom\tAmerican\tDiabetes\tAssociation:\tCardiovascular\tdisease\tand\trisk\tmanagement:\tStandards\tof\tmedical\tcare\tin\tdiabetes—2018,\t\nDiabetes\nCare\n\t41(S1):S86-104,\t2018.\nHypertension\nHypertension\tis\ta\tcommon\tcomorbidity\tof...
[ -0.009319424629211426, -0.09216006100177765, -0.037218112498521805, -0.019942110404372215, -0.08504372090101242, -0.041957203298807144, 0.060700349509716034, 0.06701168417930603, -0.03877275064587593, 0.03507881984114647, -0.0024672835133969784, 0.035632383078336716, -0.0006608620169572532, ...
diabetes,\twith\tabout\t74%\tof\tadults\twith\tdiabetes\thaving\nblood\tpressure\tof\t140/90\tmm\tHg\tor\thigher\tor\tusing\tprescription\tmedications\tfor\thypertension\t(\nCDC,\n2018\n).\tIn\torder\tto\treduce\tthe\trisk\tof\tmacrovascular\tand\tmicrovascular\tdisease,\ttreatment\tof\nhypertension\tin\tpeople\twith\t...
[ -0.027748484164476395, -0.0317792147397995, 0.030065547674894333, 0.004637471865862608, -0.062203265726566315, -0.014229027554392815, 0.11230143904685974, 0.034568995237350464, -0.04994403198361397, 0.04659479111433029, 0.05314220115542412, -0.0114927152171731, 0.014737570658326149, 0.0025...
every\troutine\tvisit,\twith\ta\tgoal\tfor\tblood\tpressure\tcontrol\n\tof\tless\tthan\t140/80\tmm\tHg.\tMNT\ninterventions\tfor\tpeople\twith\thypertension\tinclude\tweight\tloss\t(if\toverweight),\tDASH-style\teating
[ -0.022669170051813126, 0.000701452954672277, 0.06262233108282089, 0.005884453188627958, -0.019821275025606155, 0.030852526426315308, 0.15214361250400543, 0.008874348364770412, -0.054080456495285034, 0.020307855680584908, 0.06187478080391884, -0.07512499392032623, 0.005716361571103334, 0.01...
pattern\t(\nAppendix\t17\n),\treducing\tsodium\tintake\tand\tincreasing\tpotassium\tintake,\tmoderation\tof\nalcohol\tintake,\tand\tincreased\tphysical\tactivity\t(see\t\nChapter\t32\n).\tThe\trecommendation\tfor\tthe\tgeneral\npopulation\tto\treduce\tsodium\tto\tless\tthan\t2300\tmg/day\tis\talso\tappropriate\n\tfor\t...
[ -0.02165912091732025, -0.040664080530405045, 0.05664002522826195, -0.02489040046930313, -0.0779019221663475, -0.01365840807557106, 0.0979011207818985, 0.02090003713965416, -0.021532932296395302, 0.03467334806919098, 0.11616074293851852, -0.04670526459813118, 0.015854062512516975, 0.0500307...
for\tpeople\twith\tdiabetes\nand\thypertension\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\tFor\tindividuals\twith\tboth\tdiabetes\tand\thypertension,\tfurther\nreduction\tin\tsodium\tintake\tshould\tbe\tindividualized.\tConsideration\tmust\tbe\tgiven\tto\tissues\tsuch\tas\nthe\tavailability,\tpalatability,\tand\tadditional\tcost\tof\tlow\tsod...
[ -0.022971168160438538, -0.037335529923439026, 0.0511895976960659, 0.0015095635317265987, -0.04249146953225136, 0.019387098029255867, 0.11832845211029053, 0.05518458038568497, -0.05196775123476982, 0.05997329577803612, 0.10577798634767532, -0.02342171221971512, 0.015990719199180603, 0.05502...
for\thypertension\tincludes\teither\tan\tangiotensin-converting\tenzyme\t(ACE)\tinhibitor,\n\tangiotensin\nreceptor\tblockers,\tthiazide-like\tdiuretics,\tand/or\tdihydropyridine\tcalcium\tchannel\tblockers\t(\nADA,\n2018\n).\tSee\t\nTable\t29.9\n.\nMicrovascular\tdiseases\nDiabetic\tkidney\tdisease
[ -0.01815452054142952, -0.0581534206867218, -0.021652447059750557, 0.004183486569672823, -0.03787842020392418, 0.004614250268787146, 0.05815645679831505, 0.08304570615291595, -0.029985705390572548, 0.017371732741594315, 0.0646326020359993, -0.033418092876672745, -0.03313186392188072, 0.0449...
).\tSee\t\nTable\t29.9\n.\nMicrovascular\tdiseases\nDiabetic\tkidney\tdisease\nDiabetic\tkidney\tdisease\t(DKD)\tor\tdiabetic\tnephropathy\toccurs\tin\t20%\tto\t40%\tof\tpatients\twith\ndiabetes\tand\tis\tthe\tsingle\tleading\tcause\tof\tend-stage\trenal\tdisease\t(ESRD).\tBecause\tof\tthe\tmuch\ngreater\tprevalence\to...
[ 0.0019290675409138203, -0.05165823921561241, 0.0004818247980438173, 0.0003892226086463779, -0.10188091546297073, -0.02168138511478901, 0.05947067588567734, 0.06763026118278503, -0.008273106999695301, 0.0012664372334256768, 0.017787257209420204, 0.028799494728446007, -0.020324207842350006, ...
currently\tstarting\ton\tdialysis\t(see\t\nChapter\t34\n).\nAn\tannual\tscreening\tto\tquantitate\turine\talbumin\texcretion\trate\tshould\tbe\tperformed\tin\tpatients\nwho\thave\thad\tT1DM\tfor\tmore\tthan\t5\tyears,\tand\tin\tall\tpatients\twith\tT2DM\tstarting\tat\tdiagnosis\t(\nADA,\n2014b\n).\tThe\tserum\tcreatini...
[ -0.029585950076580048, -0.07326697558164597, 0.05305340141057968, -0.034670598804950714, -0.13337576389312744, -0.04264630749821663, 0.051233284175395966, 0.06667397171258926, -0.023838339373469353, 0.0006103763007558882, 0.07029908150434494, 0.04274509474635124, 0.02444024197757244, 0.046...
and\tstage\tthe\tlevel\nof\tchronic\tkidney\tdisease\t(CKD),\tif\tpresent.\nTo\treduce\tthe\trisk\tand\tslow\tthe\tprogression\tof\tDKD,\tblood\tglucose\tand\tblood\tpressure\tcontrol\nshould\tbe\toptimized.\tAlthough\tlow\tprotein\tdiets\t(below\t0.6\tto\t0.8\tg/kg)\thave\tbeen\tshown\tto\tlower
[ -0.01163750421255827, -0.029753705486655235, 0.06905174255371094, -0.07431236654520035, -0.11149546504020691, -0.0018694405443966389, 0.1007988229393959, 0.04899359866976738, 0.012039943598210812, 0.04835382476449013, 0.08079046756029129, -0.03780796006321907, 0.02546686865389347, 0.021857...
albuminuria,\tthey\tdo\tnot\talter\tthe\tcourse\tof\tGFR\tdecline\tor\timprove\tglycemic\tor\tCVD\trisk\tmeasures,\nand\ttherefore\tare\tnot\trecommended\t(\nEvert\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nRetinopathy\nDiabetic\tretinopathy\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\tthe\tmost\tfrequent\tcause\tof\tnew\tcases\tof\tblindness\tamong
[ 0.0036295917816460133, -0.08551041036844254, 0.019940361380577087, 0.0019063579384237528, -0.08320560306310654, -0.012671499513089657, 0.0953197106719017, 0.10270506143569946, -0.03813386708498001, 0.03229612112045288, 0.09744563698768616, -0.011252285912632942, 0.014455411583185196, 0.035...
adults\t20\tto\t74\tyears\tof\tage.\tGlaucoma,\tcataracts,\tand\tother\tdisorders\tof\tthe\teye\talso\toccur\tearlier\nand\tmore\tfrequently\twith\tdiabetes\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\tLaser\tphotocoagulation\tsurgery\tcan\treduce\tthe\trisk\nof\tfurther\tvision\tloss\tbut\tusually\tdoes\tnot\trestore\tlost\tvision—thus\tthe\t...
[ 0.0053866589441895485, -0.04059525206685066, 0.07065330445766449, -0.022561090067029, -0.10515854507684708, -0.010893886908888817, 0.07338939607143402, 0.0407123900949955, -0.0343824103474617, 0.06568695604801178, 0.14010347425937653, -0.02587287314236164, 0.037699103355407715, 0.050791271...
for\ta\tscreening\nprogram\tto\tdetect\tdiabetic\tretinopathy.\nNeuropathy\nChronic\thigh\tlevels\tof\tblood\tglucose\talso\tare\tassociated\twith\tnerve\tdamage,\tand\tan\testimated\t50%\nof\tpeople\twith\tdiabetes\thave\tmild\tto\tsevere\tforms\tof\tnervous\tsystem\tdamage\t(\nCDC,\t2018\n).\tIntensive
[ 0.015880225226283073, -0.0882018655538559, 0.01431281864643097, 0.01259544212371111, -0.07783803343772888, -0.046647168695926666, 0.08936433494091034, 0.10240621864795685, -0.09798064827919006, 0.059212446212768555, 0.06379101425409317, -0.009596717543900013, 0.0007004315848462284, 0.04779...
CDC,\t2018\n).\tIntensive\ntreatment\tof\thyperglycemia\treduces\tthe\trisk\tand\tslows\tprogression\tof\tdiabetic\tneuropathy\tbut\tdoes\nnot\treverse\tneuronal\tloss.\tPeripheral\n\tneuropathy\tusually\taffects\tthe\tnerves\tthat\tcontrol\tsensation\tin\nthe\tfeet\tand\thands.\tAutonomic\tneuropathy\taffects\tnerve\t...
[ 0.038667913526296616, -0.07445809245109558, 0.033818867057561874, -0.014233269728720188, -0.10379602760076523, 0.014811547473073006, 0.053181957453489304, 0.05007702484726906, -0.01978643238544464, 0.0717698335647583, 0.08665118366479874, -0.03646191954612732, 0.02482970990240574, 0.028834...
Cardiovascular\teffects\tinclude\tpostural\thypotension\tand\tdecreased\tresponsiveness\tto\tcardiac\tnerve\nimpulses,\tleading\tto\tpainless\tor\tsilent\tischemic\theart\tdisease.\tSexual\tfunction\tmay\tbe\taffected,\twith\nimpotence\tthe\tmost\tcommon\tmanifestation.\nDamage\tto\tnerves\tinnervating\tthe\tgastrointe...
[ 0.03277047723531723, -0.05949058756232262, 0.04905245453119278, 0.02801126055419445, -0.08619079738855362, -0.010127105750143528, 0.06435848772525787, -0.008175420574843884, -0.04892019182443619, 0.07435641437768936, 0.07809179276227951, -0.050394583493471146, -0.008378474973142147, 0.0181...
Neuropathy\tcan\tbe\tmanifested\tin\tthe\tesophagus\tas\tnausea\tand\tesophagitis,\tin\tthe\tstomach\tas\nunpredictable\temptying,\tin\tthe\tsmall\tbowel\tas\tloss\tof\tnutrients,\tand\tin\tthe\tlarge\tbowel\tas\tdiarrhea\tor\nconstipation.\nGastroparesis\n\tis\tcharacterized\tby\tdelayed\tgastric\temptying\tin\tthe\ta...
[ 0.021763276308774948, -0.08070691674947739, 0.054004449397325516, 0.06719645857810974, -0.11216609179973602, -0.044618889689445496, 0.06236675754189491, 0.014913867227733135, -0.037446942180395126, 0.020298955962061882, 0.11353689432144165, -0.0003637353365775198, 0.05654583126306534, 0.05...
obstruction\n\tof\tthe\tstomach.\tCommon\tsymptoms\tinclude\tfeelings\tof\tfullness,\tbloating,\tnausea,\nvomiting,\tdiarrhea,\tor\tconstipation.\tOne\tstudy\tfound\tthat\tthe\tprevalence\tof\tgastroparesis\tin\tpatients\nwith\tdiabetes\twas\t64%,\twhich\tis\thigher\tthan\treported\tin\tsome\tprevious\tstudies\t(\nAlip...
[ 0.012407874688506126, -0.027538198977708817, 0.024129003286361694, -0.015220518223941326, -0.09590417146682739, -0.005057933274656534, 0.047145046293735504, 0.031188156455755234, -0.011705610901117325, 0.013192765414714813, 0.07615317404270172, 0.016435028985142708, 0.03092852048575878, 0....
Alipour\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nTherefore\tgastroparesis\tshould\tbe\tsuspected\tin\tindividuals\twith\terratic\tglucose\tcontrol.\nThe\tfirst\tstep\tin\tmanagement\n\tof\tpatients\twith\tneuropathy\tshould\tbe\tto\taim\tfor\tstable\tand\toptimal\nglycemic\tcontrol.\tMNT\tinvolves\tminimizing\tabdominal\tstress.\tSmall,\tf...
[ 0.028871744871139526, -0.023145431652665138, 0.05748900771141052, -0.01969153620302677, -0.06014163792133331, 0.010758614167571068, 0.11191537231206894, 0.009517836384475231, 0.004224753938615322, 0.010899179615080357, 0.10250259935855865, -0.038739532232284546, 0.050744347274303436, 0.026...
tolerated\tthan\tthree\tfull\tmeals\ta\tday,\tand\tthese\tmeals\tshould\tbe\tlow\tin\tfiber\tand\tfat.\tIf\tsolid\tfoods\nare\tnot\twell\ttolerated,\tliquid\tmeals\tmay\thave\tto\tbe\trecommended.\tFor\tpatients\tusing\tinsulin,\tthe\ntiming\tof\tinsulin\tadministration\n\tshould\tbe\tadjusted\tto\tmatch\tthe\tusually\...
[ 0.05013560876250267, -0.03578127548098564, 0.030535677447915077, -0.0336257703602314, -0.09334514290094376, -0.022762563079595566, 0.12475687265396118, -0.02393444813787937, -0.03945307806134224, 0.009047933854162693, 0.10815654695034027, -0.03872014209628105, 0.0620977059006691, 0.0548226...
should\tbe\tadjusted\tto\tmatch\tthe\tusually\tdelayed\tnutrient\tabsorption.\nInsulin\tinjections\tmay\teven\tbe\trequired\tafter\teating.\tFrequent\tblood\tglucose\tmonitoring\tis\timportant\nto\tdetermine\tappropriate\tinsulin\ttherapy.\nA\tprokinetic\tagent\tsuch\tas\tmetoclopramide\tis\tused\tmost\tcommonly\tto\tt...
[ 0.031783442944288254, -0.09784179925918579, 0.04491252452135086, -0.0586053803563118, -0.1266796588897705, 0.021556932479143143, 0.11242218315601349, 0.06523412466049194, -0.01279260590672493, 0.06855008751153946, 0.10506508499383926, -0.014498114585876465, 0.048499464988708496, 0.06195120...
Antiemetic\tagents\tmay\tbe\thelpful\tfor\tthe\trelief\tof\tsymptoms.\tIn\tvery\tsevere\tcases,\tgenerally\twith\nunintentional\tweight\tloss,\ta\tfeeding\ttube\tis\tplaced\tin\tthe\tsmall\tintestine\tto\tbypass\tthe\tstomach.\nGastric\telectric\tstimulation\twith\telectrodes\tsurgically\timplanted\tin\tthe\tstomach\tm...
[ 0.05254886671900749, -0.036716364324092865, 0.0840034931898117, -0.013438921421766281, -0.08924931287765503, -0.024005362764000893, 0.08864490687847137, -0.002786125522106886, -0.010615071281790733, 0.06513996422290802, 0.13269680738449097, -0.032396767288446426, 0.04224751144647598, 0.016...
medications\tfail\tto\tcontrol\tnausea\tand\tvomiting.\nHypoglycemia\tof\tnondiabetic\torigin\nHypoglycemia\tof\tnondiabetic\torigin\n\thas\tbeen\tdefined\tas\ta\tclinical\tsyndrome\twith\tdiverse\tcauses\nin\twhich\tlow\tlevels\n\tof\tplasma\tglucose\teventually\tlead\tto\tneuroglycopenia.\tHypoglycemia\tmeans\tlow
[ -0.006613418459892273, -0.03628978133201599, -0.0066737518645823, 0.008917377330362797, -0.05710316821932793, -0.013927481137216091, 0.0918632373213768, 0.06377369165420532, -0.04681018367409706, 0.062430743128061295, 0.020615458488464355, 0.0255462434142828, 0.05854342505335808, 0.0400228...
(hypo-)\tblood\tglucose\t(glycemia).\tNormally\tthe\tbody\tis\tremarkably\tadept\tat\tmaintaining\tfairly\tsteady\nblood\tglucose\tlevels—usually\tbetween\t60\tand\t100\tmg/dL\t(3.3\tto\t5.6\tmmol/L),\tdespite\tthe\nintermittent\tingestion\tof\tfood.\tMaintaining\tnormal\tlevels\tof\tglucose\tis\timportant\tbecause\tbo...
[ 0.02577822469174862, -0.08927235007286072, 0.036810148507356644, 0.024418488144874573, -0.0688207745552063, -0.013218690641224384, 0.09726917743682861, 0.08918190002441406, -0.04931141063570976, 0.0183649230748415, 0.10356995463371277, -0.026108941063284874, 0.011023747734725475, 0.0228239...
especially\tthe\tbrain\tand\tcentral\n\tnervous\tsystem,\tmust\thave\ta\tsteady\tand\tconsistent\tsupply\tof\tglucose\nto\tfunction\tproperly.\tUnder\tphysiologic\tconditions\tthe\tbrain\tdepends\talmost\texclusively\ton\tglucose\nfor\tits\tenergy\tneeds.\tThis\tis\ttrue\teven\twith\tthe\tpresence\tof\thunger.
[ 0.04685784876346588, -0.07843393832445145, 0.08909767121076584, -0.020823845639824867, -0.11437632888555527, 0.013537855818867683, 0.10361827909946442, 0.019168362021446228, 0.02005232870578766, 0.05605899170041084, 0.07315276563167572, -0.02849552035331726, 0.030249742791056633, 0.0507942...
Pathophysiology\nIn\ta\tsmall\tnumber\tof\tpeople,\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tdrop\ttoo\tlow.\tSymptoms\tare\toften\tfelt\twhen\tblood\nglucose\tis\tbelow\t65\tmg/dL\t(3.6\tmmol/L).\tIf\n\tthe\tbrain\tand\tnervous\tsystem\tare\tdeprived\tof\tthe\tglucose\nthey\tneed\tto\tfunction,\tsymptoms\tsuch\tas\tsweating,\tshaking,...
[ 0.022862056270241737, -0.060620058327913284, 0.06924005597829819, -0.0185533594340086, -0.12009575963020325, -0.002469877013936639, 0.094258151948452, 0.028983725234866142, 0.0011288864770904183, 0.05595443770289421, 0.09129974246025085, -0.029965681955218315, 0.02072274126112461, 0.027461...
irritability\tcan\tdevelop.\tSymptoms\tof\thypoglycemia\thave\tbeen\trecognized\tat\tplasma\tglucose\tlevels\tof\nabout\t60\tmg/dL,\tand\timpaired\tbrain\tfunction\thas\toccurred\tat\tlevels\tof\tabout\t50\tmg/dL.\tA\nhypoglycemia\talert\tvalue\tgreater\tthan\tor\tequal\tto\t70mg/dL\t(3.9mmol/L)\n\tcan\thelp\tdetermine
[ -0.0003124233044218272, -0.05604018270969391, 0.04173457622528076, -0.0177669245749712, -0.06286387890577316, -0.0334930419921875, 0.08651852607727051, 0.10259230434894562, -0.05392264574766159, 0.06449329853057861, 0.05835440754890442, -0.024100933223962784, 0.06487708538770676, 0.0714740...
can\thelp\tdetermine\ntherapeutic\tdose\tadjustment\tof\tglucose-lowering\tdrugs\tand\tis\toften\trelated\tto\tsymptomatic\nhypoglycemia\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\nHypoglycemia\tcan\tbe\tdifficult\tto\tdiagnose\tbecause\tthese\ttypical\tsymptoms\tcan\tbe\tcaused\tby\tmany\ndifferent\thealth\tproblems.\tFor\texample,\tadrenali...
[ 0.019000256434082985, -0.06143813952803612, 0.0227341428399086, -0.02534429170191288, -0.08614138513803482, 0.02818869985640049, 0.073825903236866, 0.06747268885374069, -0.02826625294983387, 0.06948582082986832, 0.07332827895879745, -0.005310624372214079, 0.04862567037343979, 0.07429432868...
stress\tcan\ttrigger\tthe\tsymptoms\tsimilar\tto\tthose\tof\thypoglycemia.\n\tThe\tonly\tway\tto\tdetermine\nwhether\thypoglycemia\tis\tcausing\tthese\tsymptoms\tis\tto\tmeasure\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\twhile\tan\nindividual\tis\texperiencing\tthe\tsymptoms.\tHypoglycemia\tcan\tbest\tbe\tdefined\tby\tthe\tpresence\tof\...
[ 0.0076959263533353806, -0.020224612206220627, 0.04724162071943283, 0.047927118837833405, -0.050520457327365875, 0.0426047220826149, 0.11125634610652924, 0.013090468943119049, -0.017206011340022087, 0.027900004759430885, 0.05297144874930382, -0.04103255644440651, 0.027158120647072792, 0.006...
features\tknown\tas\t\nWhipple’s\ttriad\n:\t(1)\ta\tlow\tplasma\tor\tblood\tglucose\tlevel,\t(2)\tsymptoms\tof\nhypoglycemia\tat\tthe\tsame\ttime,\tand\t(3)\tresolution\tof\tthe\tsymptoms\tonce\tthe\tblood\tglucose\n\treturns\tto\nnormal.\nA\tfairly\tsteady\tblood\tglucose\tlevel\tis\tmaintained\tby\tthe\tinteraction\t...
[ -0.005310191307216883, -0.04081578180193901, 0.06278570741415024, -0.026218101382255554, -0.048602331429719925, 0.0364067479968071, 0.05699798837304115, 0.027085091918706894, -0.029716353863477707, 0.02763836830854416, 0.08756358921527863, -0.005879629403352737, 0.046477172523736954, 0.022...
eating,\tcarbohydrates\tare\tbroken\tdown\tinto\tglucose\tand\tenter\tthe\tbloodstream.\tAs\tblood\tglucose\nlevels\trise,\tthe\tpancreas\tresponds\tby\treleasing\tthe\thormone\tinsulin,\twhich\tallows\tglucose\tto\tleave\nthe\tbloodstream\tand\tenter\tvarious\tbody\tcells,\twhere\tit\tfuels\tthe\tbody’s\tactivities.\n...
[ 0.03368522599339485, -0.05887463688850403, 0.09270371496677399, -0.0047851549461483955, -0.11428969353437424, 0.02604934200644493, 0.13069863617420197, -0.07054959237575531, -0.02606194093823433, 0.08094391971826553, 0.07562907040119171, -0.07271148264408112, 0.0020514121279120445, 0.00866...
Glucose\tis\talso\ntaken\tup\tby\tthe\tliver\tand\tstored\tas\tglycogen\tfor\tlater\tuse.\nWhen\tglucose\tconcentrations\tfrom\tthe\tlast\tmeal\tdecline,\tthe\tbody\tgoes\tfrom\ta\tfed\tto\ta\tfasting\nstate.\tInsulin\tlevels\tdecrease,\twhich\tkeeps\tthe\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tfrom\tfalling\ttoo\tlow.\tStored
[ -0.04719361290335655, -0.0607149600982666, -0.0021588867530226707, 0.01764237880706787, -0.07293432950973511, 0.030414899811148643, 0.07608135044574738, 0.021001730114221573, -0.02232700027525425, 0.046415701508522034, 0.05419031158089638, -0.02712118811905384, -0.029263826087117195, 0.002...
glucose\tis\treleased\tfrom\tthe\tliver\tback\tinto\tthe\tbloodstream\twith\tthe\thelp\tof\tglucagon\tfrom\tthe\npancreas.\tNormally\tthe\tbody’s\tability\n\tto\tbalance\tglucose,\tinsulin,\tand\tglucagon\t(and\tother\ncounterregulatory\thormones)\tkeeps\tglucose\tlevels\twithin\tthe\tnormal\trange.\tGlucagon\tprovides...
[ -0.015179110690951347, -0.07215186208486557, -0.013160677626729012, -0.008036047220230103, -0.11724154651165009, 0.021369777619838715, 0.06417980790138245, 0.024905987083911896, -0.006897922605276108, 0.055557671934366226, 0.05671069025993347, -0.024871060624718666, -0.04004878178238869, 0...
primary\tdefense\tagainst\thypoglycemia;\twithout\tit,\tfull\trecovery\tdoes\tnot\toccur.\tEpinephrine\tis\tnot\nnecessary\tfor\tcounterregulation\twhen\tglucagon\tis\tpresent.\tHowever\tin\tthe\tabsence\tof\tglucagon,\nepinephrine\thas\tan\timportant\trole.\nTypes\tof\thypoglycemia
[ -0.0019838090520352125, -0.013899915851652622, -0.00898648239672184, -0.031186293810606003, -0.03603142127394676, 0.04314296320080757, 0.0865018293261528, 0.06279060989618301, -0.006401193793863058, 0.05423848703503609, 0.06482669711112976, -0.01238818559795618, 0.010685242712497711, -0.01...
epinephrine\thas\tan\timportant\trole.\nTypes\tof\thypoglycemia\nTwo\ttypes\tof\thypoglycemia\tcan\toccur\tin\tpeople\twho\tdo\tnot\thave\tdiabetes.\tIf\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tfall\nbelow\tnormal\tlimits\twithin\t2\tto\t5\thours\tafter\teating,\tthis\tis\t\npostprandial\t(reactive)\thypoglycemia\n.
[ -0.010628326795995235, -0.052320174872875214, 0.027341097593307495, 0.0005602269666269422, -0.018484357744455338, 0.07696335762739182, 0.11356168240308762, 0.09095793217420578, -0.04769894480705261, 0.10269007086753845, 0.04325171932578087, -0.014771477319300175, 0.025010688230395317, -0.0...
postprandial\t(reactive)\thypoglycemia\n.\nIt\tcan\tbe\tcaused\tby\tan\texaggerated\tor\tlate\tinsulin\tresponse\tcaused\tby\teither\tinsulin\tresistance\tor\nelevated\tGLP-1,\talimentary\thyperinsulinism,\trenal\tglycosuria,\tdefects\tin\tglucagon\tresponse,\tor\thigh\ninsulin\tsensitivity.\tAdditionally\tit\tcan\tbe\...
[ -0.03297657519578934, -0.04303223639726639, 0.03759782016277313, 0.010798867791891098, -0.06730914860963821, -0.0006172240246087313, 0.04905375838279724, 0.05360933020710945, -0.03514120355248451, 0.04550211876630783, 0.06389975547790527, 0.01477667037397623, 0.014014264568686485, 0.031120...
intolerance,\tgalactosemia,\tleucine\tsensitivity\tor\ta\trare\tbeta-cell\tpancreatic\ttumor\t(insulinoma),\ncausing\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tto\tdrop\ttoo\tlow.\tAlimentary\thyperinsulinism\tis\tcommon\tafter\tgastric\nsurgery,\tassociated\twith\trapid\tdelivery\tof\tfood\tto\tthe\tsmall\tintestine,\trapid\tabsorption...
[ 0.007965430617332458, -0.06688018888235092, -0.055395402014255524, 0.0017612354131415486, -0.07046554237604141, -0.0065374369733035564, 0.11096042394638062, 0.06365377455949783, -0.00941272359341383, 0.0505199208855629, 0.07915513217449188, -0.004820991773158312, 0.011899400502443314, 0.02...
exaggerated\tinsulin\tresponse.\tThese\tpatients\trespond\tbest\tto\tmultiple,\tfrequent\tfeedings.\nThe\tingestion\tof\talcohol\tafter\ta\tprolonged\tfast\tor\tthe\tingestion\tof\tlarge\tamounts\tof\talcohol\tand\ncarbohydrates\ton\tan\tempty\tstomach\t(“gin-and-tonic”\tsyndrome)\talso\tmay\tcause\thypoglycemia\twithi...
[ 0.006076224613934755, -0.05177498608827591, 0.06475160270929337, 0.008870122022926807, -0.10323343425989151, -0.0035788582172244787, 0.09921680390834808, 0.0132502606138587, -0.00819446798413992, 0.006836915388703346, 0.07320062816143036, 0.0023613108787685633, 0.03592253476381302, 0.02395...
3\tto\t4\thours\tin\tsome\thealthy\tpersons.\nIdiopathic\treactive\thypoglycemia\tis\tcharacterized\tby\tnormal\tinsulin\tsecretion\n\tbut\tincreased\tinsulin\nsensitivity\tand,\tto\tsome\textent,\treduced\tresponse\tof\tglucagon\tto\tacute\thypoglycemia\tsymptoms.\tThe\nincrease\tin\tinsulin\tsensitivity\tassociated\t...
[ 0.01282886229455471, -0.062174513936042786, 0.033661849796772, -0.012231349013745785, -0.10672274976968765, 0.01599833555519581, 0.07371795922517776, 0.04892931878566742, -0.021805567666888237, 0.07696865499019623, 0.07758403569459915, -0.01291858870536089, 0.02321566827595234, 0.046180766...
hypoglycemia\tlate\tpostprandially.\tIdiopathic\treactive\thypoglycemia\thas\tbeen\tinappropriately\noverdiagnosed\tby\tphysicians\tand\tpatients,\tto\tthe\tpoint\tthat\tsome\tphysicians\tdoubt\tits\texistence.\nAlthough\trare,\tit\tdoes\texist\tbut\tcan\tbe\tdocumented\tonly\tin\tpersons\twith\thypoglycemia\tthat\tocc...
[ 0.013423548080027103, -0.005955943837761879, 0.03950256109237671, 0.02376767061650753, -0.06231081485748291, 0.008619849570095539, 0.09665735810995102, 0.033182885497808456, -0.04751685634255409, 0.013515979051589966, 0.06212013214826584, -0.010520821437239647, 0.038034722208976746, -0.015...
spontaneously\tand\tin\tpersons\twho\tmeet\tthe\tcriteria\tof\tWhipple’s\ttriad.\nFasting\thypoglycemia\n,\tor\tpostabsorptive\thypoglycemia,\toften\tis\trelated\tto\tan\tunderlying\tdisease.\nThis\tfood-deprived\thypoglycemia\tmay\toccur\tin\tresponse\tto\thaving\tgone\twithout\tfood\tfor\t8\thours\tor\nlonger\tand\tc...
[ -0.017520908266305923, -0.02558693289756775, 0.08093888312578201, 0.03297506272792816, -0.017963556572794914, 0.059039145708084106, 0.10531456023454666, -0.00003160124833812006, -0.0004867914249189198, 0.06755926460027695, 0.12189290672540665, -0.035550251603126526, 0.046166833490133286, -...
longer\tand\tcan\tbe\tcaused\tby\tconditions\n\tthat\tupset\tthe\tbody’s\tability\tto\tbalance\tblood\tglucose.\tThese\ninclude\teating\tdisorders\tand\tother\tserious\tunderlying\tmedical\tconditions,\tincluding\thormone\ndeficiency\tstates\t(e.g.,\thypopituitarism,\tadrenal\tinsufficiency,\tcatecholamine\tor\tglucago...
[ 0.030062392354011536, -0.07915108650922775, 0.060198619961738586, -0.0033069741912186146, -0.11064552515745163, 0.015191666781902313, 0.056316256523132324, 0.03935059532523155, -0.015426856465637684, 0.04775511473417282, 0.09561779350042343, -0.010761171579360962, 0.020394405350089073, 0.0...
acquired\tliver\tdisease,\trenal\tdisease,\tcertain\tdrugs\t(e.g.,\talcohol,\tpropranolol,\tsalicylate),\tinsulinoma\n(of\twhich\tmost\tare\tbenign,\tbut\n\t6%\tto\t10%\tcan\tbe\tmalignant),\tand\tother\tnonpancreatic\ttumors.\nTaking\thigh\tdoses\tof\taspirin\talso\tmay\tlead\tto\tfasting\thypoglycemia.\tFactitious\th...
[ -0.020498255267739296, -0.020612459629774094, -0.00041112577309831977, -0.002592823700979352, -0.07669366896152496, -0.0028019812889397144, 0.05402955412864685, 0.10990936309099197, -0.016529740765690804, 0.03142327070236206, 0.06815626472234726, 0.03969481587409973, 0.01674395240843296, -...
administration\tof\tinsulin\tor\tsulfonylurea\tin\tpeople\twho\tdo\tnot\thave\tdiabetes,\tis\ta\tcause\tas\twell.\nSymptoms\trelated\tto\tfasting\thypoglycemia\ttend\tto\tbe\tparticularly\tsevere\tand\tcan\tinclude\ta\tloss\tof\nmental\tacuity,\tseizures,\tand\tunconsciousness.\n\tIf\tthe\tunderlying\tproblem\tcan\tbe\...
[ 0.038669366389513016, -0.02208581380546093, 0.033021632581949234, -0.004477635491639376, -0.06246791034936905, 0.013038254342973232, 0.08744300901889801, -0.011648065410554409, -0.04424119368195534, 0.067204549908638, 0.10914155095815659, -0.036826036870479584, 0.0427028052508831, 0.028778...
hypoglycemia\tis\tno\tlonger\ta\tproblem.\nDiagnostic\tcriteria\nOne\tof\tthe\tcriteria\tused\tto\tconfirm\tthe\tpresence\tof\thypoglycemia\tis\ta\tblood\tglucose\tlevel\tof\tless\tthan\n70\tmg/dL\t(3.9\tmmol/L);\thowever,\tclinically\tsignificant\thypoglycemia\t(level\t2),\tis\t54\tmg/dL\t(3.0\nmmol/L)\t(\nADA,\t2018
[ -0.01557400356978178, -0.033270593732595444, 0.0006844065501354635, -0.013901432044804096, -0.04152531921863556, 0.001930028316564858, 0.024822253733873367, 0.10134729743003845, -0.03412194922566414, 0.015246712602674961, 0.06486891955137253, -0.058865513652563095, 0.050403643399477005, 0....
mmol/L)\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\tPreviously\tthe\tOGTT\ttest\twas\tthe\tstandard\ttest\tfor\tthis\tcondition;\thowever,\nthis\ttest\tis\tno\tlonger\tused.\tRecording\tfinger\tstick\tblood\tglucose\tmeasurements\tduring\tspontaneous,\nsymptomatic\tepisodes\tat\thome\tis\tused\tto\testablish\tthe\tdiagnosis.\tAn\talternative\...
[ 0.02253667451441288, -0.08513938635587692, 0.07233461737632751, -0.040293529629707336, -0.12841913104057312, 0.011229311116039753, 0.05024256184697151, 0.04221600666642189, 0.00246608117595315, 0.07558910548686981, 0.0982162281870842, -0.04042472317814827, 0.021037831902503967, 0.023420523...
a\tglucose\ttest\tin\ta\tmedical\toffice\tsetting,\tin\twhich\tcase\tthe\tpatient\tis\tgiven\ta\ttypical\tmeal\tthat\thas\nbeen\tdocumented\tin\tthe\tpast\tto\tlead\tto\tsymptomatic\tepisodes.\tWhipple’s\ttriad\tcan\tbe\tconfirmed\n\tif\nsymptoms\toccur.\tIf\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tare\tlow\tduring\tthe\tsymptomatic\t...
[ 0.03562396392226219, -0.007380960043519735, 0.05666636675596237, 0.0008774357847869396, -0.11196266114711761, -0.02903037890791893, 0.0824793130159378, 0.02217770926654339, 0.02669181302189827, 0.02985556051135063, 0.10133028030395508, -0.019195925444364548, 0.05168811231851578, 0.02054287...
disappear\ton\teating,\thypoglycemia\tis\tprobably\tresponsible.\tIt\tis\tessential\tto\tmake\ta\tcorrect\tdiagnosis\nin\tpatients\twith\tfasting\thypoglycemia\tbecause\tthe\timplications\tare\tserious.\nManagement\tof\thypoglycemia\nThe\tmanagement\tof\thypoglycemic\tdisorders\tinvolves\ttwo\tdistinct\tcomponents:\t(1...
[ -0.02576788142323494, 0.0023413943126797676, 0.06314859539270401, 0.015486863441765308, -0.037839557975530624, 0.044173285365104675, 0.07715296000242233, 0.04067079722881317, 0.016856646165251732, 0.021283654496073723, 0.10474621504545212, 0.0031374457757920027, 0.06253021210432053, -0.007...
of\nneuroglycopenic\tsymptoms\tby\trestoring\tblood\tglucose\tconcentrations\tto\tthe\tnormal\trange\tand\t(2)\ncorrection\tof\tthe\tunderlying\tcause.\tThe\timmediate\ttreatment\tis\tto\teat\tfoods\tor\tbeverages\tcontaining\ncarbohydrates.\tAs\tthe\tglucose\tfrom\tthe\tbreakdown\tof\tcarbohydrates\tis\tabsorbed\tinto...
[ 0.03152155503630638, -0.1016673669219017, 0.0448637455701828, -0.011679504066705704, -0.1225353553891182, -0.004219801165163517, 0.11899106949567795, 0.00449792668223381, 0.02400035969913006, 0.08893678337335587, 0.0902128666639328, -0.02304728329181671, 0.021932365372776985, 0.01233310066...
bloodstream,\tit\tincreases\tthe\tlevel\tof\tglucose\tin\tthe\tblood\tand\trelieves\tthe\tsymptoms.\tIf\tan\nunderlying\tproblem\tis\n\tcausing\thypoglycemia,\tappropriate\ttreatment\tof\tthis\tdisease\tor\tdisorder\tis\nessential.\nThe\tgoal\tof\ttreatment\tis\tto\tadopt\teating\thabits\tthat\twill\tkeep\tblood\tgluco...
[ 0.01280858926475048, -0.06860027462244034, 0.03888783976435661, -0.01663127727806568, -0.08240597695112228, 0.021322036162018776, 0.09661367535591125, 0.06917431950569153, 0.009774388745427132, 0.04774083197116852, 0.04322780296206474, 0.0033832029439508915, 0.014698619022965431, 0.0736502...
possible\t(\nInternational\tDiabetes\tCenter,\t2013\n).\tTo\tstay\tsymptom-free,\tit\tis\timportant\tfor\tindividuals\nto\teat\tfive\tto\tsix\tsmall\tmeals\tor\tsnacks\tper\tday,\tas\tthis\thelps\tto\tprovide\tmanageable\tamounts\tof\nglucose\tto\tthe\n\tbody.\tRecommended\tguidelines\tare\tlisted\tin\t\nBox\t29.8\n.\n...
[ -0.03757113590836525, -0.05929848924279213, 0.019889837130904198, 0.003934493288397789, -0.0511181578040123, 0.013648265972733498, 0.08652053773403168, 0.036858852952718735, -0.018530935049057007, 0.05175652354955673, 0.09447728842496872, -0.0008487996528856456, 0.06609392911195755, 0.0248...
.\nBOX\t29.8\nGuidelines\tfor\tPreventing\tHypoglycemic\tSymptoms\tin\tPeople\nWho\tDo\tNot\tHave\tDiabetes\n1.\t\nEat\tsmall\tmeals,\twith\tsnacks\tinterspersed\tbetween\tmeals\tand\tat\tbedtime.\tThis\tmeans\neating\tfive\tto\tsix\tsmall\tmeals\trather\tthan\ttwo\tto\tthree\tlarge\tmeals\tto\tsteady\tthe\trelease\tof...
[ -0.016371235251426697, -0.05752391740679741, 0.08240911364555359, -0.03188580647110939, -0.06555107980966568, -0.006393488962203264, 0.1143285408616066, -0.02845161221921444, -0.01806546002626419, 0.07268576323986053, 0.06939120590686798, -0.029177973046898842, 0.0574154295027256, -0.02128...
glucose\tinto\tthe\tbloodstream.\n2.\t\nSpread\tthe\tintake\tof\tcarbohydrate\n\tfoods\tthroughout\tthe\tday.\tMost\tindividuals\tcan\teat\ttwo\nto\tfour\tservings\tof\tcarbohydrate\tfoods\tat\teach\tmeal\tand\tone\tto\ttwo\tservings\tat\teach\tsnack.\nIf\tcarbohydrates\tare\tremoved\tfrom\tthe\tdiet\tcompletely,\tthe\...
[ -0.0074922130443155766, -0.06010647863149643, 0.0008391559822484851, -0.027740316465497017, -0.07739824801683426, 0.008119834586977959, 0.08795259892940521, -0.0030307509005069733, -0.014326236210763454, 0.06685809791088104, 0.0583101250231266, -0.05252813175320625, 0.023434186354279518, -...
carbohydrates\tproperly,\tso\tthis\tis\tnot\trecommended.\tCarbohydrate\tfoods\tinclude\tstarches,\nfruits\tand\tfruit\tjuices,\tmilk\tand\tyogurt,\tand\tfoods\tcontaining\tsugar.\n3.\t\nAvoid\tor\tlimit\tfoods\thigh\tin\tsugar\tand\tcarbohydrate,\tespecially\ton\tan\tempty\tstomach.\nExamples\tof\tthese\tfoods\tare\tr...
[ -0.024592915549874306, -0.04322061315178871, 0.003770023351535201, 0.013592194765806198, -0.05440578982234001, 0.00957466196268797, 0.09996525943279266, -0.014764460735023022, -0.022242698818445206, 0.0332958847284317, 0.11316896229982376, -0.07209179550409317, 0.05715583637356758, -0.0388...
yogurts,\tpies,\tand\tcakes.\n4.\t\nAvoid\tbeverages\tand\tfoods\tcontaining\tcaffeine.\tCaffeine\tcan\tcause\tthe\tsame\tsymptoms\tas\nhypoglycemia\tand\tmake\tthe\tindividual\tfeel\tworse.\n5.\t\nLimit\tor\tavoid\talcoholic\tbeverages.\tDrinking\n\talcohol\ton\tan\tempty\tstomach\tand\twithout\tfood\ncan\tlower\tbloo...
[ -0.005297800060361624, -0.043472956866025925, 0.07196763157844543, 0.02745230868458748, -0.029725689440965652, 0.021655304357409477, 0.12786078453063965, 0.005644561722874641, -0.021316172555088997, 0.022103173658251762, 0.0759258046746254, -0.03017164021730423, 0.05050453916192055, 0.0111...
glucose\t(gluconeogenesis).\tIf\tan\tindividual\tchooses\tto\tdrink\talcohol,\tit\tshould\tbe\tdone\tin\nmoderation\t(one\tor\ttwo\tdrinks\tno\tmore\tthan\ttwice\ta\tweek),\tand\tfood\talways\tshould\tbe\neaten\talong\twith\tthe\talcoholic\tbeverage.\nModified\tfrom\tInternational\tDiabetes\tCenter:\t\nReactive\tand\tf...
[ -0.052277885377407074, -0.06353139877319336, 0.022460035979747772, 0.01745501346886158, -0.03483063355088234, 0.02668522484600544, 0.0993083044886589, 0.022261498495936394, -0.0527927428483963, 0.02812727726995945, 0.060973696410655975, -0.030384168028831482, -0.029934365302324295, -0.0060...
,\tMinneapolis,\t2013,\nInternational\tDiabetes\tCenter.\nPatients\twith\thypoglycemia\talso\tmay\tbenefit\tfrom\tlearning\tcarbohydrate\tcounting\tand,\tto\tprevent\nhypoglycemia,\teating\tthree\tto\tfour\tcarbohydrate\tservings\t(15\tg\tof\tcarbohydrate\tper\tserving)\tat\nmeals\tand\tone\tto\ttwo\tfor\tsnacks\t(see\...
[ -0.025242794305086136, -0.03544674441218376, 0.04844972863793373, -0.005708253011107445, -0.03547681123018265, 0.020590195432305336, 0.1038912832736969, 0.006291098427027464, -0.0012731087626889348, 0.029072007164359093, 0.08487065136432648, -0.04879116639494896, 0.05032169446349144, -0.01...
Appendix\t18\n).\tFoods\tcontaining\tprotein\tcan\tbe\teaten\tat\tmeals\nor\twith\tsnacks.\n\tThese\tfoods\twould\tbe\texpected\tto\thave\tminimum\teffect\ton\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tand\ncan\tadd\textra\tfood\tfor\tsatiety\tand\tcalories.\tHowever,\tbecause\tprotein\tand\tcarbohydrate\tstimulate\ninsulin\trelease,\ta...
[ 0.02975473366677761, -0.07154187560081482, 0.050994887948036194, -0.02906319685280323, -0.0662664845585823, -0.02139556221663952, 0.07041293382644653, 0.0068425084464251995, -0.0200135987251997, 0.028013166040182114, 0.13140201568603516, -0.010493206791579723, 0.056224606931209564, 0.00904...
CLINICAL\tCASE\tSTUDY\nMP\tis\ta\t65-year-old,\tnonsmoking\tHispanic\tfemale\twho\tis\tbeing\tseen\tfor\tmanagement\tof\ttype\t2\ndiabetes.\tHer\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tare\tuncontrolled\n\tas\tevidenced\tby\tan\tA1C\t>\t10,\tand\tshe\ncomplains\tof\tincreasing\tnumbness\tin\ther\tfeet\tand\toccasionally\tin\ther\tfin...
[ -0.016100654378533363, -0.021718068048357964, 0.042189665138721466, 0.011420458555221558, -0.09477581828832626, 0.0173451229929924, 0.1274697631597519, 0.05286472290754318, -0.05670424550771713, 0.01932198740541935, 0.09180861711502075, -0.03406210243701935, -0.03640985116362572, 0.0420512...
urination\tduring\tthe\tday\tand\tovernight.\tFrom\tinterviewing\ther\tand\treviewing\ther\thealth\trecord,\nyou\tlearn\tthe\tfollowing\tabout\ther:\nEducation:\tdid\tnot\tcomplete\thigh\tschool,\tattended\tthrough\tmiddle\tschool.\nOccupation:\tnot\temployed\toutside\tthe\thome,\tbabysits\tinfant\tgrandchild\n\ton\ta\...
[ 0.015817267820239067, -0.055027108639478683, 0.0851067528128624, -0.04864174500107765, -0.1601363867521286, -0.03601747006177902, 0.08629656583070755, -0.015851689502596855, -0.013946912251412868, 0.06943188607692719, 0.06980261951684952, 0.0023331898264586926, 0.024284809827804565, 0.0234...
on\ta\tdaily\tbasis.\nHousehold\tMembers:\tlives\twith\ther\thusband\tand\twith\tone\tof\ther\tfour\tadult\tchildren.\nEthnic\tBackground:\tLatin\tAmerican,\tborn\tin\tMexico,\temigrated\tto\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tin\t1980.\nReligious\tAffiliation:\tCatholic.\nLanguage:\tNative\tSpanish,\tspeaks\tEnglish—has\tdifficulty...
[ 0.020252274349331856, -0.005910934414714575, 0.05959951877593994, -0.051109571009874344, -0.09943118691444397, 0.018142033368349075, 0.030212488025426865, -0.04888240620493889, -0.013934806920588017, 0.03071080707013607, 0.09981340169906616, -0.07641521841287613, 0.050276849418878555, 0.00...
Patient\tHistory:\tWeighed\tmore\tthan\t9\tlb\tat\tbirth.\nMP\twas\tdiagnosed\twith\tT2DM\t10\tor\t15\tyears\n\tago\tand\ther\tdiabetes\tmanagement\thistory\tis\tas\nfollows:\nType\tof\tTreatment:\tNutrition\ttherapy\tplus\toral\tdiabetes\tmedication\tand\tlong-acting\tinsulin\tat\nbedtime\t(HS)\nMedications:\tglargine...
[ -0.04725530743598938, 0.021429436281323433, 0.007432817481458187, -0.031440068036317825, -0.07203077524900436, -0.007646986749023199, 0.0634751096367836, 0.07793440669775009, -0.005360891111195087, 0.0034229313023388386, 0.06366290897130966, 0.05432242155075073, 0.03634554147720337, 0.0302...
simvastatin\t40\tmg\tdaily,\tlevothyroxine\t75\tmcg\tdaily\nFamily\tHistory:\tMother\thad\ttype\t2\tdiabetes,\t12-year-old\tgrandson\trecently\tdiagnosed\twith\nprediabetes\nMedical\tHistory:\ttype\t2\tdiabetes,\thypertension,\thyperlipidemia,\thypothyroidism,\tepisodic\nmigraines\t(last\toccurrence\t2017)\nPhysical\te...
[ -0.03559676557779312, -0.010312894359230995, 0.02830539643764496, -0.01665046624839306, -0.04190681502223015, -0.010443615727126598, 0.04649052396416664, 0.07536209374666214, -0.05467800423502922, 0.031370796263217926, 0.07034440338611603, -0.03709971904754639, 0.04895999655127525, 0.01149...
Weight:\t201\tlbs.\nHeight:\t5’2”.\nTemperature:\t98.6°F\nBlood\tPressure:\t143/88\tmm\tHg\nHeart\tRate:\t80\tbpm\nLaboratories:\tA1C\t10\nNutrition\tdiagnostic\tstatement\n•\t\nAltered\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\trelated\tto\tdifficulty\n\tmatch\tinsulin\tto\tcarbohydrate\tintake\tas\nevidenced\tby\texcessive\tmealtime\t...
[ -0.02581479772925377, -0.04129882529377937, 0.033177752047777176, 0.0207302737981081, -0.09461324661970139, -0.03205437213182449, 0.08390388637781143, 0.041859038174152374, -0.041328370571136475, -0.0032234617974609137, 0.05262765288352966, -0.10529980063438416, 0.015385839156806469, 0.003...
monitoring\tof\tblood\tglucose\t(SMBG)\tdownload\tdata\treport.\nInterventions\n•\t\nFor\teach\tof\tthe\ttwo\tproblem,\tetiology,\tand\tsigns\tand\tsymptoms\t(PES)\tstatements,\twrite\ta\ngoal\tbased\ton\tsigns\tand\tsymptoms.\n•\t\nFor\tthe\ttwo\tgoals,\twrite\ttwo\tto\tthree\tnutrition\tinterventions\tbased\n\ton\tth...
[ 0.0015030800132080913, -0.005113259889185429, -0.006062231957912445, -0.034994084388017654, -0.03128647059202194, -0.0010884463554248214, 0.10088560730218887, 0.015728767961263657, 0.015755727887153625, 0.09605817496776581, 0.08916623145341873, -0.018267646431922913, 0.058923423290252686, ...
on\tthe\tetiology\tthat\twould\nbe\tappropriate\tfor\tMP.\nNOTE:\tIn\ta\treal\tface-to-face\tappointment\tbetween\ta\tregistered\tdietitian\tnutritionist\t(RDN)/\nCertified\tDiabetes\tEducator\t(CDE)\tand\tMP,\tthey\twould\tcollaboratively\tdevelop\ther\tgoals\ttogether.\nEvaluation\tand\tmonitoring\n•\t\nWhen\tshould\...
[ 0.005919004324823618, -0.018984956666827202, 0.07151524722576141, -0.04993163421750069, -0.10666094720363617, 0.001202339306473732, 0.08745096623897552, -0.011501956731081009, -0.010874321684241295, 0.06013190373778343, 0.09522759914398193, -0.06037747859954834, 0.014732222072780132, 0.017...
•\t\nWhat\twould\tyou\tassess\tat\tthe\tfollow-up\tvisit\n\tbased\ton\tthe\tnutrition\tgoals\tand\tinterventions\ndeveloped\tat\tthe\tinitial\tappointment?\nUseful\twebsites\nAcademy\tof\tNutrition\tand\tDietetics\t(AND)\nAcademy\tof\tNutrition\tand\tDietetics\tEvidence\tAnalysis\tLibrary\nAmerican\tAssociation\tof\tDi...
[ 0.03346473351120949, -0.06428585946559906, 0.03893231600522995, -0.01584518514573574, -0.08944961428642273, 0.009422693401575089, 0.08284593373537064, -0.029676446691155434, -0.01683928817510605, 0.07002613693475723, 0.11026308685541153, -0.025825120508670807, -0.011940881609916687, 0.0164...
American\tDiabetes\tAssociation\t(ADA)\nDiabetes\tCare\tand\tEducation\tPractice\tGroup\t(DCE)\nDCE\tPatient\tEducation\tHandouts\nInternational\n\tDiabetes\tCenter\t(IDC)\nIDC\tPublishing\nJoslin\tDiabetes\tCenter\nNational\tDiabetes\tEducation\tProgram\t(NDEP)\nNational\tInstitute\tof\tDiabetes\tand\tDigestive\tKidne...
[ -0.003942375537008047, -0.026740098372101784, 0.007614617235958576, 0.017925113439559937, -0.05464376509189606, 0.027998413890600204, 0.08796513080596924, 0.030367864295840263, 0.0024446877650916576, -0.014844335615634918, 0.025557538494467735, 0.04512990266084671, -0.055272895842790604, -...
Resources\tfor\tHealthcare\tProfessionals\nPortions\tof\tthis\tchapter\twere\twritten\tby\tMarion\tJ\tFranz,\tMS,\tRDN,\tLD,\tCDE\tand\tAlison\tB\tEvert,\tMS,\tRDN,\nCDE\tfor\tthe\tprevious\tedition\tof\tthis\ttext.
[ -0.03512812778353691, -0.02152441442012787, -0.04528813064098358, -0.00036219152389094234, 0.005679403897374868, 0.009654996916651726, 0.10842405259609222, 0.016203664243221283, 0.022392475977540016, 0.02351718209683895, 0.04032539576292038, 0.019277947023510933, 0.07533995062112808, 0.032...
30\nMedical\tnutrition\ttherapy\tfor\nthyroid,\tadrenal,\tand\tother\nendocrine\tdisorders\nSheila\tDean,\tDSc,\tRDN,\tLDN,\tCCN,\tIFMCP\nKEY\tTERMS\n5-deiodinase\nAddison’s\tdisease\nadrenal\tfatigue\nautoimmune\tthyroid\tdisorders\t(AITDs)\ncalcitonin\ncortisol\ncretinism\neuthyroid\tsick\tsyndrome\nfree\tT\n4\ngoitr...
[ -0.00030320597579702735, -0.07357601821422577, 0.023541491478681564, -0.05751838907599449, -0.07368440181016922, -0.003380803856998682, 0.031512994319200516, 0.09934116154909134, -0.07251240313053131, 0.10568676143884659, 0.077291339635849, 0.003894736524671316, 0.05238247662782669, 0.0511...
4\ngoitrin\nGraves’\tdisease\nHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\nhyperthyroidism\nhypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid\n\taxis\t(HPT\taxis)\nhypothalamus\nhypothyroidism\npituitary\tgland\npolycystic\tovary\tsyndrome\t(PCOS)\nreverse\tT\n3\n\t(rT\n3\n)\nSchmidt’s\tsyndrome\nthyroglobulin\tantibodies\t(TGB\tAb)\nthyroid-binding\tglobu...
[ -0.006449354812502861, -0.05769696086645126, -0.01116983499377966, -0.0028553777374327183, -0.041961800307035446, 0.000030287550544016995, 0.04867773875594139, 0.05700523406267166, -0.07213259488344193, 0.07712352275848389, 0.06715759634971619, 0.006629935931414366, 0.01905827224254608, 0....
thyroid-binding\tglobulin\t(TBG)\nthyroid\tperoxidase\t(TPO)\nthyroid\tperoxidase\tantibodies\t(TPO\tAb)\nthyroid-stimulating\thormone\t(TSH)\nthyrotoxicosis\nthyrotropin-releasing\thormone\t(TRH)\nthyroxine\t(T\n4\n)\ntriiodothyronine\t(T\n3\n)\ntyrosine\nDiabetes\tmellitus\tis\tthe\tmost\tcommon\tendocrine-related\tc...
[ 0.004389845300465822, -0.06476879864931107, -0.006457703188061714, -0.013803605921566486, -0.04044220596551895, 0.04193732142448425, 0.05060265213251114, 0.0642053633928299, -0.03135101869702339, 0.05644448846578598, 0.027529101818799973, -0.010958295315504074, 0.03182856738567352, 0.01366...
Centers\tfor\tDisease\nControl\tand\tPrevention\t[CDC],\t2018\n;\t\nNational\tInstitutes\tof\tHealth\t[NIH]\tMedlinePlus,\t2018\n).\nHowever,\taccording\tto\ta\tcomprehensive\treview\tof\tthe\tprevalence\tand\tincidence\tof\tendocrine\tand\nmetabolic\tdisorders\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\t(2009),\tabout\t5%\tof\tthe\tU.S...
[ 0.02245340682566166, -0.012940163724124432, 0.03705340251326561, -0.05733577534556389, -0.0707232803106308, 0.026103297248482704, 0.044783394783735275, 0.003955402877181768, 0.041683416813611984, 0.050931960344314575, 0.06307640671730042, -0.023001855239272118, 0.015004617162048817, 0.0008...
has\thypothyroidism,\n\tand\tmore\tthan\thalf\tremain\tundiagnosed.\tFurthermore,\tindividuals\twith\tdiabetes\ntend\tto\thave\ta\thigher\tprevalence\tof\tthyroid\tdisorders.\tAccording\tto\tNational\tHealth\tand\tNutrition\nExamination\tSurvey\t(NHANES)\tdata,\tthe\tlargest\tcommunity-based\tstudy\tof\tthyroid\tfuncti...
[ 0.0011019802186638117, -0.0070592318661510944, 0.06948747485876083, -0.06013033539056778, -0.07887820154428482, 0.006832494400441647, 0.11226145923137665, 0.032518986612558365, -0.029704350978136063, 0.04191961884498596, 0.07086117565631866, -0.012690511532127857, 0.009533902630209923, 0.0...
United\tStates,\tthe\tprevalence\tof\thigh\tserum\tthyroid-stimulating\thormone\t(a\tmarker\tfor\nunderfunctioning\tthyroid)\twas\n\t2%\tin\tpeople\taged\t60\tto\t69\tyears,\t6%\tin\tthose\taged\t70\tto\t79\tyears,\nand\t10%\tin\tthose\taged\t80\tyears\tand\tolder\t(\nHollowell\tet\tal,\t2002\n).
[ 0.024871306493878365, -0.0352114774286747, 0.05943714827299118, -0.07544394582509995, -0.08543176203966141, -0.008039640262722969, 0.14837773144245148, 0.0002160034200642258, -0.05011729151010513, 0.05434209108352661, 0.08687705546617508, -0.050176359713077545, 0.03653425723314285, 0.02874...
In\tan\tanalysis\tthat\texamined\tthyroid\tdisease\trisk\tamong\tmultiple\tethnicities\tin\tthe\tU.S.\tmilitary,\nthe\tincident\trate\tfor\tthyroid\tdisease,\tspecifically\tGraves’\tdisease\t(autoimmune\thyperthyroid),\twas\nsignificantly\thigher\tamong\tblacks\tand\tAsian/Pacific\tIslanders.\tThe\n\tincidence\tof\taut...
[ 0.05206814035773277, -0.02046453021466732, 0.027625437825918198, -0.07678844034671783, -0.08401067554950714, 0.007161235902458429, 0.11188691854476929, 0.044378917664289474, -0.01253382209688425, 0.08994147181510925, 0.09272464364767075, -0.030079616233706474, 0.019216543063521385, 0.03119...
incidence\tof\tautoimmune\nhypothyroid,\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis,\twas\thighest\tin\twhites\tand\tlowest\tin\tblacks\tand\tAsian/Pacific\nIslanders\t(\nMcLeod\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nIn\ta\tstudy\tthat\texamined\tgender,\trace,\tand\tsocioeconomic\tinfluence\ton\tdiagnosis\tand\ttreatment\tof\nthyroid\tdisorders\tin\tBraz...
[ 0.02838054671883583, 0.020007098093628883, 0.06662949919700623, -0.03195832669734955, -0.04344312846660614, 0.0047307368367910385, 0.07464554905891418, 0.05566556751728058, -0.05957463011145592, 0.08575780689716339, 0.10633046925067902, 0.005617222748696804, 0.04002038389444351, 0.04793741...