0 stringlengths 12 494 | embeddings listlengths 384 384 |
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Melse-Boonstra\tand\tJaiswal,\t2010\n),\tin\tthe\tUnited\nStates\tand\tother\tWesternized\tcountries,\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\taccounts\tfor\tthe\tmajority\tof\tcases\n(\nEbert,\t2010\n).\nAlthough\tthe\trisk\tof\tiodine\tdeficiency\tfor\tpopulations\tliving\tin\tiodine-deficient\tareas\twithout | [
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adequate\tiodine\tfortification\tprograms\tis\twell\trecognized,\tconcerns\thave\tbeen\traised\tthat\tcertain\nsubpopulations\tmay\tnot\tconsume\tadequate\tiodine\tin\tcountries\tconsidered\n\tiodine\tsufficient.\nVegetarian\tand\tnonvegetarian\tdiets\tthat\texclude\tiodized\tsalt,\tfish,\tand\tseaweed\thave\tbeen\tfou... | [
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contain\tvery\tlittle\tiodine.\nIron.\nHistorically\tit\thas\tbeen\tthought\tthat\tlow\tthyroid\tfunction\tmay\tcontribute\tto\tanemia.\tRecent\tstudies\nsuggest\tthat\tlow\tthyroid\tfunction\tmay\tbe\tsecondary\tto\tlow\tiron\tstatus\tor\tanemia.\tThe\treason\tfor\tthis\nis\tbecause\tTPO\tis\ta\tglycosylated\theme\ten... | [
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that\tis\tiron\tdependent.\tThe\tinsertion\tof\theme\tiron\ninto\tTPO\tis\tnecessary\tfor\tthe\tenzyme\tto\ttranslocate\tto\tthe\tapical\tcell\tsurface\tof\tthyrocytes\t(or\nthyroid\tepithelial\tcells),\tthus\tassisting\tTPO\tto\tcatalyze\tthe\ttwo\tinitial\tsteps\tof\tthyroid\thormone\nsynthesis.\tA\tfull\tassessment\... | [
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thyroid\tmalfunction.\tTreatment\tof\tanemic\twomen\n\twith\timpaired\tthyroid\tfunction\twith\tiron\timproves\nthyroid-hormone\tconcentrations,\twhile\tT\n4\n\t(hormone\treplacement\tmedication)\tand\tiron\ttogether\tare\nmore\teffective\tin\timproving\tiron\tstatus\t(\nHu\tand\tRayman,\t2017\n).\nSelenium. | [
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0.02... |
Hu\tand\tRayman,\t2017\n).\nSelenium.\nSelenium,\tas\tselenocysteine,\tis\ta\tcofactor\tfor\t5-deiodinase.\tIf\tselenium\tis\tdeficient,\tthe\tdeiodinase\nactivity\tis\timpaired,\tresulting\tin\ta\tdecreased\tability\tto\tdeiodinate\tT\n4\n\tto\tT\n3\n.\tIn\tanimals,\tdeficiencies\tof\nselenium\tare\tassociated\twith\t... | [
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0.02674... |
reduced\tT\n3\n\tlevels.\tEvidence\tsuggests\ta\tstrong\tlinear\tassociation\tbetween\tlower\tT\n3\n/T\n4\n\tratios\tand | [
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reduced\tselenium\tstatus,\teven\tamong\tindividuals\tconsidered\tto\tbe\teuthyroid\tbased\ton\tstandard\nlaboratory\tparameters.\tThis\tassociation\tis\tparticularly\tstrong\tin\tolder\tadults,\n\tpossibly\tas\tthe\tresult\tof\nimpaired\tperipheral\tconversion.\tAn\tinverse\trelationship\tbetween\tT\n3\n\tand\tbreast\... | [
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3\n\tand\tbreast\tcancer\tis\tassociated\nwith\tdecreased\tselenium\tstatus,\teven\twhen\tplasma\tT\n4\n\tand\tTSH\tconcentrations\tmay\tbe\tsimilar.\tThis\ncombination\tof\tfactors\tstrongly\tsuggests\tthat\tlow\tT\n3\n\tmay\tbe\tdue\tto\tfaulty\tconversion\tof\tT\n4\n\tto\tT\n3\nexpected\tin\tselenium\tdeficiency\t(\... | [
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0.048... |
De\tSibio\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nSelenium\tparticipates\n\tin\tthe\tantioxidant\tnetwork.\tIt\tis\ta\tcofactor\tfor\tglutathione\tperoxidase,\tan\nenzyme\twhose\tmain\tbiologic\trole\tis\tto\tprotect\tthe\torganism\tfrom\toxidative\tdamage.\tSeveral\tstudies\nreported\ton\tthe\tbenefit\tof\tselenium\ttreatment\tin\tHashim... | [
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0.0530323... |
According\tto\ta\tsystematic\treview\tand\tmeta-analysis\tstudies,\tselenium\tsupplementation\treduced\nserum\tTPO\tAb\tlevels\tin\tpatients\twith\tchronic\n\tautoimmune\tthyroiditis\t(AIT)\t(\nWichman\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nEvidence\talso\tsuggests\tthat\texcessive\tintakes\tof\tselenium\tmay\texert\ta\tdetrimental\tinfl... | [
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thyroid\thormone\tmetabolism.\tAlthough\tindividuals\texposed\tto\thigh\tdietary\tlevels\tof\tselenium\ntypically\thave\tnormal\tlevels\tof\tT\n4\n,\tT\n3\n,\tand\tTSH,\ta\tsignificant\tinverse\tcorrelation\thas\tbeen\tfound\nbetween\tT\n3\n\tand\tselenium.\tSome\tresearchers\thave\thypothesized\n\tthat\tthe\tactivity\... | [
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0.00874438... |
that\tthe\tactivity\tof\t5-deiodinase\tmay\nbecome\tdepressed\tafter\ta\thigh\tdietary\tintake\tof\tselenium,\tsuggesting\ta\tsafe\tlevel\tof\tdietary\tselenium\nat\tor\tbelow\t500\tmcg\tdaily.\tThere\tis\tevidence\tfrom\tobservational\tstudies\tand\trandomized\tcontrolled\ntrials\tthat\tselenium/selenoproteins\tcan\tr... | [
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0.04879442... |
thyroiditis\t(\nHu\tand\tRayman,\t2017\n).\tIn\ta\t2016\tstudy\ton\tselenium\n\tsupplementation,\tauthors\tconclude\nthat\tselenium\tsupplementation\t(83\tmcg\tof\tselenomethionine\tper\tday\torally\tfor\t4\tmonths)\tcould\nrestore\teuthyroidism\t(healthy\tthyroid\thormone\tbalance)\tin\tone\tthird\tof\tsubclinical\thy... | [
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0.0267... |
patients\twith\tAIT\t(\nPirola\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nMagnesium.\nMagnesium\tis\tthe\tfourth\tmost\tabundant\tmineral\tin\tthe\tbody.\tIt\thas\tbeen\trecognized\tas\ta\tcofactor\tfor\nmore\tthan\t300\tenzymatic\n\treactions,\twhere\tit\tis\tcrucial\tfor\tadenosine\ttriphosphate\t(ATP)\tmetabolism\nand\tcellular\tenergy\tp... | [
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0.089... |
including\tthyroid\tdisease.\tA\tcross-sectional\tstudy\tof\tover\t1200\tChinese\tparticipants\trevealed\tthat\nseverely\tlow\tserum\tmagnesium\twas\tassociated\twith\tincreased\trisks\tof\tpositive\tantithyroglobulin\nantibody\tand\thypothyroidism.\n\tThe\trisks\tof\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\tdiagnosed\tusing\tultraso... | [
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The\trisks\tof\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\tdiagnosed\tusing\tultrasonography\nin\tthe\tlowest\tquartile\tgroup\twere\thigher\tthan\tthose\tin\tthe\tadequate\tmagnesium\tgroup\t(0.851\tto\n1.15mmol/L)\t(\np\n<0.01,\todds\tratios\t[ORs]\t=\t2.748\tto\t3.236).\tThe\trisks\tof\ttotal\tand\tsubclinical-only | [
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hypothyroidism\tin\tthe\tlowest\tquartile\tgroup\twere\thigher\tthan\tthose\tin\tthe\tadequate\tmagnesium\ngroup\t(0.851\tto\t1.15mmol/L)\t(\np\n\t<\t0.01,\tORs\n\t=\t4.482\tto\t4.971)\t(\nWang\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\nIdeal\tintake\tfor\tmagnesium\tshould\tbe\tbased\ton\tthe\tDRI.\tMagnesium\tsupplements\tare\tavailable\ta... | [
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magnesium\toxide,\tmagnesium\tchloride,\tmagnesium\tcitrate,\tmagnesium\ttaurate,\tmagnesium\torotate,\nas\twell\tas\tother\tamino\tacid\tchelates.\tIn\tthe\ttreatment\tof\tmagnesium\tdeficiency,\torganic\tbound\nmagnesium\tsalts,\tsuch\tas\tmagnesium\tcitrate,\tgluconate,\torotate,\tor\taspartate\n\trecommendations\nw... | [
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were\tmade\tdue\tto\ttheir\thigh\tbioavailability\t(\nKisters,\t2013\n).\nVitamin\tD.\nLower\tvitamin\tD\tstatus\thas\tbeen\tfound\tin\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\tpatients\tthan\tin\tcontrols,\tand\ninverse\trelationships\tof\tserum\tvitamin\tD\twith\tTPO/TGB\tAb\thave\tbeen\treported.\tHowever,\tother\tdata | [
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and\tthe\tlack\tof\ttrial\tevidence\tsuggest\tthat\tlow\tvitamin\tD\tstatus\tis\tmore\tlikely\tthe\tresult\tof\nautoimmune\tdisease\n\tprocesses\tthat\tinclude\tvitamin\tD\treceptor\tdysfunction\t(\nHu\tand\tRayman,\t2017\n).\nOral\tvitamin\tD\tsupplementation\twas\tfound\tto\treduce\ttiters\tof\tthyroid\tantibodies\ti... | [
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0.0499474... |
treated\twomen\twith\tpostpartum\tthyroiditis\tand\tlow\tvitamin\tD\tstatus.\tVitamin\tD\tincreased\tserum\nlevels\tof\t25-hydroxy\tvitamin\tD,\tas\twell\tas\treduced\ttiters\tof\tthyroid\tantibodies.\tThis\teffect\twas\tmore\npronounced\tfor\tTPO\tthan\tfor\n\tTGB\tAb\tand\tcorrelated\twith\ttheir\tbaseline\ttiters.\t... | [
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0.024652... |
TGB\tAb\tand\tcorrelated\twith\ttheir\tbaseline\ttiters.\tAuthors\tconcluded\nthat\tvitamin\tD\tpreparations\tmay\treduce\tthyroid\tautoimmunity\tin\tlevothyroxine-treated\twomen\twith\nHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\tand\tnormal\tvitamin\tD\tstatus\t(\nKrysiak\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\tTaking\tinto\tconsideration | [
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0.01652... |
Krysiak\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\tTaking\tinto\tconsideration\nthe\tlow\tcost\tand\tthe\tminimal\tside\teffects\tof\tvitamin\tD\tsupplementation,\tscreening\tfor\tvitamin\tD\ndeficiency\tand\tcareful\tvitamin\tD\tsupplementation\n\twith\tmonthly\tmonitoring\tcalcium\tand\t25-hydroxy\nvitamin\tD\tlevels,\twhen\trequired,\tmay... | [
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0.00... |
(\nLiontiris\tand\tMazokopakis,\t2017\n).\nManagement\tof\tthyroid\tdisorders\tduring\tpregnancy\nThe\tAmerican\tThyroid\tAssociation\trecommendations\ton\tdiagnosis\tand\tmanagement\tof\tthyroid\ndisease\tduring\tpregnancy\tand\tthe\tpostpartum\tperiod\twere\treported\tin\ta\treview\tarticle\n\tin\t2017\twith\nthe\tfo... | [
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-0.007... |
Kalra\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nHypothyroidism\tand\tpregnancy\nLaboratory\tassessment\n1.\t\nTSH\tassessment\tshould\tbe\tbased\ton\tpopulation-based\ttrimester\tspecific\treference\tranges,\ncalculated\tfrom\tdata\tof\thealthy\tpregnant\twomen\twithout\thistory\tof\tthyroid\tdisease,\twith\noptimal\tiodine\tintake,\tand\tn... | [
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0.0789252370595932,
0.03971058875322342,
-0.023045741021633148,
0.11204198002815247,
0.12901361286640167,
-0.024831663817167282,
-0.0007976969936862588,
0.006... |
optimal\tiodine\tintake,\tand\tnegative\tTPO\tAb\tstatus.\n2.\t\nIf\tpregnancy\tspecific\tpopulation-based\tdata\n\tis\tnot\tavailable,\tupper\treference\tlimit\t(URL)\tof\n4.0\tmU/L\tmay\tbe\tused.\n3.\t\nA\tlevel\t0.5mU/L\tlower\tthan\tnonpregnant\tURL\tcan\talso\tbe\ttaken\tas\tURL\tfor\tTSH\tin\npregnancy.\n4.\t\nS... | [
0.003695504739880562,
-0.06850753724575043,
0.022095773369073868,
-0.061966195702552795,
-0.11417394131422043,
0.025466924533247948,
0.0640246570110321,
0.05956968292593956,
-0.010854401625692844,
0.07319395989179611,
0.09825735539197922,
0.03171708434820175,
0.0267011821269989,
0.01680763... |
pregnancy.\n4.\t\nSerum\tT\n4\n\t(thyroxin)\tis\ta\thighly\treliable\tmarker\tfor\tthyroid\tfunction\tin\tlast\ttrimester\tof\npregnancy. | [
-0.0176866352558136,
-0.03972434252500534,
0.039089836180210114,
-0.0036119467113167048,
0.013448536396026611,
0.0414462611079216,
0.057406775653362274,
0.04712273180484772,
-0.042614009231328964,
0.08693388849496841,
0.02196984924376011,
-0.03869739547371864,
-0.03941802307963371,
0.00941... |
Preconception\tinvestigations\n1.\t\nTest\tTSH\tin\tall\twomen\tpresenting\twith\tinfertility.\n2.\t\nTest\tTSH\teither\tbefore,\tor\t1\n\tto\t2\tweeks\tafter,\tcontrolled\tovarian\thyper\tstimulation\t(COHS).\n3.\t\nNonpregnant\twomen\twith\tmild\tTSH\televation\tfollowing\tCOHS\tshould\tundergo\trepeat\ntesting\tafte... | [
0.0013547481503337622,
-0.029600314795970917,
0.06427006423473358,
-0.015376631170511246,
-0.1031525507569313,
0.03682764247059822,
0.05046423524618149,
0.049925949424505234,
0.0045686871744692326,
0.09282538294792175,
0.14390695095062256,
-0.024986056610941887,
0.004981364123523235,
0.004... |
testing\tafter\t2\tto\t4\tweeks.\n4.\t\nTest\tTSH\tat\ttime\tof\tdiagnosis\tof\tpregnancy,\tin\teuthyroid,\tantibody\tpositive\twomen.\nIodine\tintake\n1.\t\nEnsure\tiodine\tintake\tof\t250\tmg/day,\tat\tleast\t3\tmonths\tbefore\tconception.\n2.\t\nSuch\tintake\tis\tnot\trequired\tin\n\twomen\twho\tare\ton\ttreatment\t... | [
-0.011729303747415543,
-0.010263429023325443,
0.029235288500785828,
-0.031301647424697876,
-0.061282768845558167,
-0.005477428436279297,
0.04325861483812332,
0.08760061115026474,
-0.04674358665943146,
0.0793178454041481,
0.10046527534723282,
-0.035926055163145065,
0.046583376824855804,
0.0... |
thyroidism.\n3.\t\nAvoid\tiodine\tintake\t>500\tmg/day.\n4.\t\nAvoid\tiodine\tcontaining\tsupplements\tin\texcess.\nAdditional\ttherapies\n1.\t\nSelenium\tsupplementation\tis\tnot\trecommended\tfor\ttreatment\tof\tantibody\tpositive\tpregnant\nwomen.\n2.\t\nT\n3\n\tor\tdesiccated\tthyroid\tis\tnot\trecommended\tduring\... | [
0.00041040804353542626,
-0.05080798640847206,
-0.016684280708432198,
0.02143690176308155,
-0.029924819245934486,
-0.019428154453635216,
0.05230921506881714,
0.025725021958351135,
-0.09064459055662155,
0.0535719096660614,
0.050839658826589584,
-0.006366785615682602,
0.01609194278717041,
-0.... |
Polycystic\tovary\tsyndrome\nPolycystic\tovary\tsyndrome\t(PCOS)\n\tis\ta\tcommon\tendocrine\tdisorder\tof\tunknown\tcause\tthat\taffects\nan\testimated\t3%\tto\t12%\tof\twomen\tof\treproductive\tage\tin\tWestern\tsocieties\t(\nMoran\tet\tal,\t2010\n;\t\nVelez\nand\tMotta,\t2014\n).\tThe\tcondition\tis\tcharacterized\t... | [
0.014493738301098347,
-0.09307762235403061,
0.007334541063755751,
-0.0031772302463650703,
-0.11247583478689194,
0.0006553144194185734,
0.04870617762207985,
0.031711313873529434,
-0.04415358603000641,
0.12188899517059326,
0.10077927261590958,
0.004544087685644627,
0.008626376278698444,
0.09... |
other\tmenstrual\tirregularities,\tanovulation,\tenlarged\tovaries\twith\tmultiple\tcysts,\tand\tinfertility.\tMore\ngeneralized\tsymptoms\tinclude\tinsulin\n\tresistance,\tacne,\thirsutism\t(excessive\tor\tabnormal\tdistribution\nof\thair\tgrowth),\tmale-pattern\tbaldness,\tweight\tgain,\tand\tsleep\tapnea\t(\nTable\t... | [
-0.020001137629151344,
-0.04385412856936455,
0.030040249228477478,
0.00725479144603014,
-0.07375061511993408,
-0.033096883445978165,
0.0772310271859169,
0.08009743690490723,
-0.010046809911727905,
0.05162731558084488,
0.10519320517778397,
-0.004657907877117395,
-0.03560899943113327,
0.0566... |
Table\t30.3\n).\nTABLE\t30.3\nNutrition\tTreatment\tfor\tPolycystic\tOvary\tSyndrome\nObesity\nInstitute\tweight\tmanagement\tprogram\tof\tdiet\tand\texercise.\nInsulin\tresistance\nRestrict\trefined\tcarbohydrates\t(low–glycemic\tindex\tdiet)\tand\ttotal\ncalories.\nIncrease\thigh-fiber\n\tfoods.\nRecommend\tsmall,\tf... | [
-0.021656962111592293,
-0.05527432635426521,
-0.00026240776060149074,
0.06801317632198334,
-0.0705561712384224,
-0.020281266421079636,
0.04106413945555687,
0.0454932264983654,
-0.08981761336326599,
0.012950530275702477,
0.07791731506586075,
-0.005357544869184494,
-0.019359709694981575,
-0.... |
Increase\thigh-fiber\n\tfoods.\nRecommend\tsmall,\tfrequent\tmeals.\nMonitor\tcarefully\tto\tascertain\tbenefit\tfrom\thigh-\tversus\tlow-\ncarbohydrate\tdiet.\nConsider\tsupplementation\twith\tchromium\tpicolinate.\nLow\tserum\t25\thydroxy\tvitamin\tD\nAdminister\tvitamin\tD\n3\n\t(cholecalciferol).\nClomiphene-citrat... | [
0.0012131170369684696,
-0.10589389503002167,
0.02766832895576954,
-0.020717034116387367,
-0.11725770682096481,
-0.02176930196583271,
0.03655770421028137,
0.06980226933956146,
-0.07572479546070099,
0.05642731487751007,
0.09564045071601868,
0.008457579649984837,
0.005206407513469458,
-0.0130... |
Use\tshort-term\tNAC\tas\tadjunct.\nLaboratory\tor\tclinical\tevidence\tof\nhypothyroidism\nInstitute\tthyroid\thormone\n\treplacement.\nUse\tfoods\tor\tsupplements\twith\tselenium\tand\tiodine.\nNAC,\tN\n-acetylcysteine.\nPathophysiology\nBiochemical\tand\tendocrine\tabnormalities\tin\twomen\twith\tPCOS\tinclude\ta\th... | [
0.01597646251320839,
-0.07848415523767471,
0.022687600925564766,
-0.026009509339928627,
-0.035018183290958405,
0.04426627233624458,
0.06200910359621048,
0.05325331538915634,
-0.03250749036669731,
0.07537207007408142,
0.101492740213871,
-0.03914889693260193,
0.02086222916841507,
0.038502607... |
which\tthere\tis\ta\thigher\tconcentration\tof\tfree\tandrogens\t(dehydroepiandrosterone,\ttestosterone,\tand\nandrostenedione)\tand\tdecreased\thepatic\tproduction\tof\tsex\thormone\tbinding\tglobulin\t(\nSirmans\tand\nPate,\t2013\n).\tIn\taddition\tto\tthe\televated\tlevels\tof\tandrogens,\thyperinsulinemia\t(which\t... | [
-0.012458296492695808,
-0.04533311352133751,
0.02575378678739071,
-0.02265024743974209,
-0.0035061517264693975,
0.03376667946577072,
0.049576591700315475,
0.08462294936180115,
-0.03476222977042198,
0.055177778005599976,
0.1122574731707573,
-0.012237927876412868,
-0.03469347581267357,
0.014... |
insulin\tresistance),\timpaired\tglucose\ttolerance,\tand\thyperlipidemia\tare\tseen.\tHyperandrogenism\tis\nresponsible\tfor\tmany\tof\tthe\tsymptoms\tof\tPCOS,\tsuch\tas\treproductive\tand\tmenstrual\tabnormalities,\nhirsutism,\tand\tacne.\tElevated\tandrogen\tlevels,\tin\tturn,\tappear\tto\tbe\tdue\tin\tpart\tto\thy... | [
-0.010487915948033333,
-0.01576835662126541,
-0.01777791976928711,
0.03380248695611954,
-0.038789406418800354,
0.031732529401779175,
0.11188467592000961,
0.019618503749370575,
-0.06803498417139053,
0.05167923867702484,
0.04030575230717659,
0.010930035263299942,
-0.009706277400255203,
0.003... |
which\n\ttriggers\tthe\tincrease\tin\tandrogen\tproduction.\tThus\tinterventions\tthat\timprove\tinsulin\nresistance\tand\thyperinsulinemia\tmay\treverse\tsome\tof\tthe\tmanifestations\tof\tPCOS.\nThe\tinsulin\tresistance\tseen\tin\t50%\tto\t70%\tof\twomen\twith\tPCOS\tis\tunique\tin\tthat\tit\toccurs | [
-0.010391552932560444,
-0.042271047830581665,
0.032741013914346695,
-0.022994885221123695,
-0.027473459020256996,
0.019021281972527504,
0.11536186933517456,
0.041971828788518906,
0.00011282922059763223,
0.09199532121419907,
0.10848257690668106,
-0.06841796636581421,
-0.014010629616677761,
... |
independent\tof\tbody\tweight\tto\tsome\textent\tand\tis\tnot\talways\tcorrected\tby\tweight\tloss.\tIt\tappears\tto\nresult\tfrom\tinsulin\treceptor\tphosphorylation\n\tabnormalities\tin\tan\tinsulin-mediated\tsignaling\tpathway\n(\nSirmans\tand\tPate,\t2013\n).\tConventional\ttreatment\tof\tPCOS\tincludes\tdiet\tand\... | [
-0.005660349503159523,
-0.0971265584230423,
0.03552571311593056,
0.03926769271492958,
-0.06464116275310516,
-0.008208108134567738,
0.1322147101163864,
0.02792437933385372,
0.006348560098558664,
0.03011482208967209,
0.1108778715133667,
0.0019694489892572165,
-0.0009357030503451824,
0.063129... |
weight\tloss.\tIn\twomen\twho\thave\tgained\tan\texcessive\tamount\tof\tweight,\tweight\tloss\tmay\timprove\ninsulin\tresistance,\tdecrease\tandrogen\tlevels\tand\thirsutism,\tand\trestore\tovulation\tin\tsome\tcases.\nLow-glycemic\tload\tdiets\thistorically\thave\tbeen\trecommended\n\twith\tevidence\tof\ttheir\tclinic... | [
0.0064069186337292194,
-0.01291987206786871,
0.0680796280503273,
0.07145863026380539,
-0.059051625430583954,
-0.014864742755889893,
0.12460467219352722,
0.012799977324903011,
-0.05355279520153999,
0.03563854843378067,
0.07293074578046799,
-0.06822597235441208,
0.0195000059902668,
-0.018492... |
with\tevidence\tof\ttheir\tclinical\neffectiveness.\tThe\tcapacity\tof\tdietary\tcarbohydrates\tto\tincrease\tpostprandial\tblood\tsugar\tresponse\nmay\tbe\tan\timportant\tconsideration\tfor\toptimizing\tmetabolic\tand\tclinical\toutcomes\tin\tPCOS.\nFurthermore,\tindependent\tof\tweight\tloss,\ta\tlow-glycemic\tload\t... | [
0.01697068102657795,
-0.08431553840637207,
0.033671166747808456,
0.04158661887049675,
-0.08657904714345932,
-0.004219387657940388,
0.12737414240837097,
0.01822148822247982,
-0.02120017260313034,
0.035876352339982986,
0.06574956327676773,
-0.08119837939739227,
0.040390804409980774,
0.011391... |
improvements\tin\thealth,\tincluding\timproved\tinsulin\tsensitivity,\timproved\tmenstrual\n\tregularity,\tbetter\nemotion\tscores\t(on\ta\tquestionnaire\tdesigned\tto\tdetect\tchanges\tin\tquality\tof\tlife),\tand\tdecreased\nmarkers\tof\tinflammation\tcompared\twith\ta\tconventional\tlow-fat\tdiet\twhen\tmatched\tclo... | [
-0.00028418784495443106,
-0.020007271319627762,
0.06017381697893143,
-0.01940041221678257,
-0.11510372906923294,
-0.013727923855185509,
0.08169446885585785,
0.02751581184566021,
-0.008312097750604153,
0.0484173558652401,
0.07170219719409943,
-0.01997366175055504,
0.01258796639740467,
0.030... |
macronutrient\tand\tfiber\tcontent\t(\nMarsh\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nMedical\tmanagement\nHypothyroidism\toccurs\tin\tsome\tcases\tof\tPCOS.\tLaboratory\ttests\tfor\tthyroid\tfunction\tare\tfrequently\nnormal\tin\tpatients\n\twith\tclinical\tevidence\tof\thypothyroidism,\tand\ttreatment\twith\tthyroid\thormone | [
-0.016878435388207436,
-0.02282828465104103,
0.0480598621070385,
-0.000601895444560796,
-0.005014562513679266,
0.03184133768081665,
0.08456047624349594,
0.08121249824762344,
-0.03131502866744995,
0.018175704404711723,
0.08496645838022232,
-0.0029862341471016407,
0.039432015269994736,
0.014... |
results\tin\tclinical\timprovement\tin\tmany\tpatients.\tTherefore\tan\tempirical\ttrial\tof\tthyroid\thormone\nshould\tbe\tconsidered\tfor\tpatients\twith\tPCOS\twho\thave\tclinical\tevidence\tof\thypothyroidism.\nThyroid\tantibody\tstatus\tshould\tbe\ttaken\tinto\taccount\twhen\tconsidering\ttreatment\twith\tthyroid\... | [
0.0048622558824718,
0.01427428051829338,
0.04976656287908554,
-0.023357855156064034,
-0.06186342239379883,
0.0006846131291240454,
0.07332780957221985,
0.05761019513010979,
-0.01824205368757248,
0.026695962995290756,
0.08811958134174347,
-0.007104257121682167,
0.06089195981621742,
0.0413157... |
hormone\tin\twomen\twith\tPCOS.\tMetformin\n\tfrequently\tis\tprescribed\tto\timprove\tinsulin\tresistance,\tand\ntreatment\twith\tthis\tdrug\tmay\tlead\tto\tresumption\tof\tovulation.\tOther\ttherapies\tinclude\tthe\tdrugs\nclomiphene\tcitrate\t(to\tinduce\tovulation)\tand\tspironolactone\t(an\tantiandrogen),\tas\twel... | [
-0.02514658495783806,
-0.05896751210093498,
0.01994817890226841,
0.010815483517944813,
-0.09811872243881226,
0.031566865742206573,
0.07695185393095016,
0.003588966792449355,
0.013797770254313946,
0.07638639211654663,
0.1252913475036621,
-0.04933411255478859,
-0.031379859894514084,
0.014976... |
contraceptives\t(to\ttreat\tmenstrual\tirregularities\tand\thirsutism).\nMedical\tnutrition\ttherapy\nNutritional\tinterventions\tthat\tmay\tbe\tbeneficial\tfor\n\twomen\twith\tPCOS\tinclude\tdietary\tmodifications\ndesigned\tto\tenhance\tinsulin\tsensitivity.\tThis\tincludes\trecommending\ta\tlow-glycemic\tload\tdiet, | [
-0.02581067569553852,
-0.0007346336496993899,
0.008632682263851166,
0.03232664614915848,
-0.061309751123189926,
0.011245589703321457,
0.12516051530838013,
0.06441067159175873,
-0.021711789071559906,
0.05924857780337334,
0.11521261185407639,
-0.004865584429353476,
-0.008340236730873585,
-0.... |
consuming\thigh-fiber\tfoods,\tand\tpreventing\texcess\tweight\tgain\tvia\tcalorie\tawareness\tand\tpromotion\nof\tphysical\tactivity.\tEating\ta\tdiet\tthat\tkeeps\tblood\tsugar\tbalanced,\tincluding\tcombining\tlow-glycemic\ncarbohydrates\twith\tprotein\tand\teating\tsmaller\tmeals\tmay\talso\n\tbe\tof\tbenefit.\tIt\... | [
0.018855968490242958,
-0.0886857882142067,
0.06818969547748566,
0.05125350132584572,
-0.0804770365357399,
-0.02781205251812935,
0.1335284262895584,
0.006384591571986675,
-0.08579734712839127,
0.02865453064441681,
0.08654878288507462,
-0.05740417540073395,
-0.010950502939522266,
-0.00799518... |
be\tof\tbenefit.\tIt\tis\timportant\tto\tensure\noptimal\tnutrient\tstatus\tfor\tvitamin\tD\tand\tto\tscreen\tfor\tsub\toptimal\tthyroid\tfunction\t(see\t\nTable\t30.3\n).\nComplementary\tand\tintegrative\tapproaches\nA\tcritical\treview\tof\tthe\t12\trandomized\tcontrolled\ttrials\t(RCTs)\thighlights\tthat\toral\tadmi... | [
0.012192981317639351,
-0.0736432671546936,
0.062282025814056396,
-0.08049964159727097,
-0.06856366991996765,
-0.021703870967030525,
0.1268310397863388,
0.06409946084022522,
-0.034327518194913864,
0.05082161724567413,
0.09845450520515442,
-0.0028023002669215202,
0.038003042340278625,
0.0313... |
myoinositol,\talone\tor\tin\tcombination\twith\tD-chiro-inositol,\ttwo\tstereoisomers\tof\tinositol\t(an\nintracellular\n\tmessenger\tmolecule),\tis\tcapable\tof\trestoring\tinsulin\tsensitivity\tand\tspontaneous\novulation\tand\timproving\tfertility\tin\twomen\twith\tPCOS.\tThese\tRCT\tstudies\tsupport\tthe\thypothesi... | [
-0.05328386276960373,
-0.05005946382880211,
0.010524285025894642,
-0.04482764005661011,
-0.07008850574493408,
-0.027964051812887192,
0.0860525444149971,
0.055479396134614944,
0.013668921776115894,
0.08376940339803696,
0.11405542492866516,
-0.030449096113443375,
-0.03879154846072197,
0.0550... |
a\tprimary\trole\tof\tinositol\tphosphoglycans\t(IPGs)\tas\tsecond\tmessengers\tof\tinsulin\tsignaling\tand\ndemonstrate\tthat\tmyoinositol\tsupplementation\tbeneficially\taffects\tthe\thormonal\tmilieu\tof\tPCOS\npatients.\tIndeed,\tthese\ttrials\n\tprovide\tevidence\tthat\tmyoinositol\treduces\tinsulin\tlevels,\tprob... | [
-0.008364773355424404,
-0.08221054822206497,
0.04654999077320099,
-0.03282388299703598,
-0.05581439286470413,
-0.05867451801896095,
0.10236888378858566,
0.053073231130838394,
0.026041606441140175,
0.0789162740111351,
0.1146053597331047,
0.004980437457561493,
0.025712165981531143,
0.0515849... |
provide\tevidence\tthat\tmyoinositol\treduces\tinsulin\tlevels,\tprobably\neither\tby\tconversion\tto\tD-chiro-inositol\t(via\tthe\tepimerase\tenzyme)\tor\tby\tserving\tas\tsubstrate\tfor\tthe\nformation\tof\tIPGs\tand\tD-chiro-inositol-containing\tIPGs,\twhich\twould\tin\tturn\tamplify\tinsulin\tsignaling\n(\nUnfer\te... | [
-0.028256231918931007,
-0.03265361860394478,
0.01947665959596634,
-0.0688062310218811,
-0.05705169960856438,
-0.03712067753076553,
0.053115371614694595,
0.0022634435445070267,
-0.033299770206213,
0.07175015658140182,
0.12703081965446472,
-0.04210357367992401,
0.03493176028132439,
0.0394146... |
(\nUnfer\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nN-Acetylcysteine\t(NAC)\tis\tan\tamino\tacid–derived\tsupplement\tthat\tmay\thelp\timprove\tinsulin\nreceptor\tactivity,\n\treduce\ttestosterone,\tand\tincrease\tspontaneous\tovulation\tin\tPCOS.\tIn\ta\trecent\nreview\tof\teight\tRCTs\tthat\tcompared\tmetformin\tor\tplacebo\tand\tNAC,\twom... | [
-0.03466827794909477,
-0.04290173947811127,
0.04045605659484863,
-0.022281698882579803,
-0.07901396602392197,
-0.012596173211932182,
0.08180548995733261,
0.005659318994730711,
0.018490254878997803,
0.08427081257104874,
0.11544103175401688,
-0.04690488427877426,
0.003336728550493717,
0.0473... |
more\tlikely\tto\tachieve\tpregnancy\tand\tto\tdeliver\ta\tlive\tbaby,\tespecially\tif\tresistant\tto\tthe\tfertility\tdrug\nclomiphene\tcitrate.\tThere\twas\tno\tbenefit\tfrom\tNAC\tfor\timproving\tmenstrual\tregularity,\tacne,\nhirsutism,\tbody\tmass\tindex\t(BMI),\n\tfasting\tinsulin,\tor\tfasting\tglucose.\tThe\tty... | [
-0.005832765717059374,
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0.022204577922821045,
0.02226254902780056,
-0.12709051370620728,
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0.0961930900812149,
0.052789803594350815,
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0.03961198031902313,
0.13018758594989777,
-0.03590855002403259,
-0.003634396707639098,
0.02... |
1200\tto\t1800\tmg/day\t(\nThakker\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nHyperthyroidism\nGraves’\tdisease\n\tis\tan\tautoimmune\tdisease\tin\twhich\tthe\tthyroid\tis\tdiffusely\tenlarged\t(goiter)\tand\noveractive,\tproducing\tan\texcessive\tamount\tof\tthyroid\thormones.\tIt\tis\tthe\tmost\tcommon\tcause\tof\nhyperthyroidism\n\t(overa... | [
0.02049003541469574,
-0.01941758766770363,
0.06849075108766556,
-0.02660786546766758,
-0.08775334805250168,
-0.00513786356896162,
0.09761576354503632,
0.06961099058389664,
-0.02995898202061653,
0.047565724700689316,
0.09438404440879822,
-0.033022794872522354,
0.02819756418466568,
0.0211424... |
(overactive\tthyroid)\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates.\tPhysical\tsymptoms\n\tfrequently\tinclude\nred,\tdry,\tswollen,\tpuffy,\tand\tbulging\teyes\t(exophthalmos),\theat\tintolerance,\tdifficulty\tsleeping,\tand\nanxiety\t(see\t\nBox\t30.2\n).\tHowever,\tthe\tmost\tcommon\tsign\tof\tGraves’\tdisease\tis\tgoiter\tor\tthyroid\... | [
-0.0003495154087431729,
-0.05147369205951691,
0.06925563514232635,
-0.05765977129340172,
-0.09808890521526337,
-0.041135527193546295,
0.13785254955291748,
0.060276299715042114,
-0.04262388497591019,
0.06430607289075851,
0.11609109491109848,
0.005110075231641531,
0.019591817632317543,
-0.00... |
enlargement\t(\nFig.\t30.4\n).\tThe\texcessive\tthyroid\thormones\tmay\tcause\ta\tserious\tmetabolic\timbalance\ncalled\t\nthyrotoxicosis\n.\tThe\tprevalence\tof\tmaternal\tthyrotoxicosis\tis\tapproximately\t1\tcase\n\tper\t1500\npersons,\twith\tmaternal\tGraves’\tdisease\tbeing\tthe\tmost\tcommon\tcause\t(80%\tto\t85%... | [
0.024011923000216484,
-0.0751195177435875,
0.049186039716005325,
-0.03271441534161568,
-0.12785321474075317,
-0.05468127876520157,
0.04686707258224487,
0.08642325550317764,
-0.03603696450591087,
0.04493965581059456,
0.0968708023428917,
-0.040900684893131256,
0.026444299146533012,
0.0131829... |
FIG.\t30.4\nA,\n\tExophthalmos.\t(From\tSPL/Photo\tResearchers,\tInc.)\t\nB,\n\tThyroid\tenlargement.\n\t\nSource:\n\t(From\tBuck\tC:\n2011\tICD-9-CM,\tfor\tHospitals\n,\tvols\t1-3,\tSt\tLouis,\t2011,\tWB\tSaunders.)\nPathophysiology\nCommonly,\tpatients\thave\ta\tfamily\thistory\tinvolving\ta\twide\tspectrum\tof\tauto... | [
-0.012800934724509716,
-0.03978797793388367,
0.020834295079112053,
-0.10062187165021896,
-0.08139746636152267,
-0.043576713651418686,
0.03267308324575424,
0.13285627961158752,
-0.04117723926901817,
0.04852069169282913,
0.11493862420320511,
-0.01870173029601574,
0.009190725162625313,
0.0595... |
such\tas\tGraves’\tdisease,\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis,\tor\tpostpartum\tthyroiditis.\tIn\tGraves’\tdisease,\n\tthe\nTRH\treceptor\titself\tis\tthe\tprimary\tautoantigen\tand\tis\tresponsible\tfor\tthe\tmanifestation\tof\nhyperthyroidism.\tThe\tthyroid\tgland\tis\tunder\tcontinuous\tstimulation\tby\tcirculating\tautoant... | [
0.030526496469974518,
-0.048029445111751556,
0.07125205546617508,
-0.07712681591510773,
-0.1021125316619873,
0.01559795718640089,
0.0441342331469059,
0.01972263678908348,
-0.031594499945640564,
0.09251435846090317,
0.08577011525630951,
-0.0029419027268886566,
0.015024243853986263,
0.052712... |
against\tthe\tTRH\treceptor,\tand\tpituitary\tTSH\tsecretion\tis\tsuppressed\tbecause\tof\tthe\tincreased\nproduction\tof\tthyroid\thormones.\tThese\tthyroid-stimulating\tantibodies\tcause\trelease\tof\tthyroid\nhormone\tand\tTg,\tand\n\tthey\talso\tstimulate\tiodine\tuptake,\tprotein\tsynthesis,\tand\tthyroid\tgland\t... | [
0.026981577277183533,
-0.0592162050306797,
0.039087019860744476,
-0.07178575545549393,
-0.05350608378648758,
0.042027946561574936,
0.09721401333808899,
0.052253201603889465,
-0.007892127148807049,
0.13187414407730103,
0.08449160307645798,
-0.012244963087141514,
0.01912122592329979,
0.03092... |
The\tTg\tand\tTPO\tAbs\tappear\tto\thave\tlittle\trole\tin\tGraves’\tdisease.\tHowever,\tas\tmentioned\tearlier,\nthey\tare\tmarkers\tof\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis\tautoimmune\tdisease\tagainst\tthe\tthyroid.\tA\tTSH\tantibody\n—typically\treferred\tto\tas\tthyroid-stimulating\timmunoglobulin—test\tis\tused\tto\tidentif... | [
0.021540584042668343,
-0.05601475015282631,
0.052673861384391785,
-0.06772476434707642,
-0.08241203427314758,
-0.03128286451101303,
0.10198543965816498,
0.08454011380672455,
-0.058700915426015854,
0.07294891029596329,
0.06651760637760162,
0.017723355442285538,
0.024058872833848,
0.04502857... |
hyperthyroidism,\tor\tGraves’\tdisease.\nTriggers\nGraves’\tdisease\tis\tan\tautoimmune\tdisorder,\tinfluenced\tby\ta\tcombination\tof\tenvironmental\tand\ngenetic\tfactors.\tGenetic\tfactors\tcontribute\tto\tapproximately\t20%\tto\t30%\tof\toverall\tsusceptibility.\nOther\tfactors\tinclude\tinfection,\texcessive\tiodi... | [
0.013761729001998901,
-0.06520747393369675,
0.04062110185623169,
-0.04711458459496498,
-0.05200130119919777,
-0.004861261695623398,
0.07830843329429626,
0.04081909358501434,
-0.019148150458931923,
0.061609283089637756,
0.10464750230312347,
-0.07137087732553482,
0.015665384009480476,
0.0164... |
Smoking\thas\tbeen\timplicated\tin\tthe\tworsening\tof\tGraves’\tophthalmopathy\t(eye\tdisease)\t(\nWiersinga,\n2016\n).\tGraves’\tdisease\talso\thas\tbeen\tassociated\twith\tinfectious\tagents\tsuch\tas\t\nYersinia\nenterocolitica\n\tand\t\nBorrelia\tburgdorferi\n,\tas\tthese\tbacteria\thave\tbeen\tshown\tto\tcontain\... | [
0.0020720339380204678,
-0.011353855952620506,
0.06627140939235687,
-0.02594367042183876,
-0.10304678231477737,
0.0238545760512352,
0.08477441966533661,
0.018106650561094284,
-0.034169696271419525,
0.06942300498485565,
0.12853877246379852,
-0.044661421328783035,
-0.007436706218868494,
0.023... |
binding\tsites\tfor\tthe\thormone\tTSH\t(\nHargreaves\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nGenetics.\nSeveral\tautoimmune\tthyroid\tdisease\tsusceptibility\tgenes\thave\tbeen\tidentified\tand\tappear\tto\tbe\nspecific\tto\teither\tGraves’\tdisease\tor\tHashimoto’s\n\tthyroiditis,\twhereas\tothers\tconfer\tsusceptibility\tto | [
-0.01714247278869152,
-0.08793965727090836,
0.051920171827077866,
-0.06839330494403839,
-0.10074488818645477,
0.0038137976080179214,
0.07026869803667068,
0.03989939019083977,
-0.02012704871594906,
0.11181234568357468,
0.1058378666639328,
-0.014961856417357922,
0.035356681793928146,
0.06917... |
thyroiditis,\twhereas\tothers\tconfer\tsusceptibility\tto\nboth\tconditions.\tThe\tgenetic\tpredisposition\tto\tthyroid\tautoimmunity\tmay\tinteract\twith\tenvironmental\nfactors\tor\tevents\tto\tprecipitate\tthe\tonset\tof\tGraves’\tdisease.\tHLA-DRB1\tand\tHLA-DQB1\tappear\tto\tbe\nassociated\twith\tGraves’\tdisease\... | [
0.015411041676998138,
-0.06602613627910614,
0.0553344264626503,
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-0.061794210225343704,
0.01564101129770279,
0.04973744973540306,
0.031713858246803284,
-0.0692446380853653,
0.048848167061805725,
0.0684547945857048,
-0.05081503465771675,
0.03441423922777176,
0.02481633... |
associated\twith\tGraves’\tdisease\tsusceptibility.\nStress.\nStress\tcan\tbe\ta\tfactor\tfor\tthyroid\tautoimmunity.\tAcute\tstress-induced\timmunosuppression\n\tmay\tbe\nfollowed\tby\timmune\tsystem\thyperactivity,\twhich\tcould\tprecipitate\tautoimmune\tthyroid\tdisease.\tThis\nmay\toccur\tduring\tthe\tpostpartum\tp... | [
0.008145713247358799,
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0.04321519657969475,
-0.004931418225169182,
-0.0779106393456459,
0.028643641620874405,
0.05308708921074867,
0.05183568596839905,
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0.06784959137439728,
0.09872937947511673,
-0.028277842327952385,
0.05844201147556305,
0.01257... |
delivery.\tEstrogen\tmay\tinfluence\tthe\timmune\tsystem,\tparticularly\tthe\tbeta-cells.\tTrauma\tto\tthe\nthyroid\talso\thas\tbeen\treported\tto\tbe\tassociated\twith\tGraves’\tdisease.\tThis\tmay\tinclude\tsurgery\tof\nthe\n\tthyroid\tgland,\tpercutaneous\tinjection\tof\tethanol,\tand\tinfarction\tof\ta\tthyroid\tad... | [
0.018925851210951805,
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0.013121096417307854,
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0.06514809280633926,
0.07380905002355576,
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0.11811938881874084,
0.11602379381656647,
0.024315064772963524,
0.010018725879490376,
0.03907... |
Medical\tmanagement\nFor\tpatients\twith\tsustained\tforms\tof\thyperthyroidism,\tsuch\tas\tGraves’\tdisease\tor\ttoxic\tnodular\ngoiter,\tantithyroid\tmedications\tcan\tbe\tused.\tThe\tgoal\twith\tthis\tform\tof\tdrug\ttherapy\tis\tto\tprevent\tthe\nthyroid\tfrom\tproducing\thormones\t(\nTable\t30.4\n). | [
-0.011575836688280106,
-0.0032905363477766514,
0.04550940543413162,
-0.07225014269351959,
-0.08495734632015228,
-0.007729353383183479,
0.058629605919122696,
0.07832425832748413,
-0.00997645128518343,
0.03340030834078789,
0.0825861319899559,
0.018567165359854698,
0.04054592177271843,
0.0322... |
TABLE\t30.4\nTreatments\tfor\tHyperthyroidism\nMedication\nBrand\tName\nMedication\nGeneric\tName\nUse\tand\tComments\nTapazole\nMethimazole\n(MMI)\nBoth\tdrugs\tinterfere\twith\tthe\tthyroid\tgland’s\tproduction\tof\thormones.\nBoth\thave\tside\teffects,\twhich\tinclude\trash,\titching,\tjoint\tpain,\tand\nfever.\nNor... | [
-0.000018398070096736774,
-0.03662370517849922,
0.04149061068892479,
-0.07889934629201889,
-0.05080263316631317,
0.011049984022974968,
0.08188370615243912,
0.07556482404470444,
-0.02965877205133438,
0.09299448877573013,
0.10289707034826279,
-0.018769778311252594,
0.04474038630723953,
0.036... |
fever.\nNorthyx\nPropylthiouracil\n(PTU)\nLiver\tinflammation\tor\treduction\tin\twhite\tblood\tcells\tmay\toccur.\nUnderlying\thyperthyroidism\tcan\treturn\twhen\tpatient\n\tis\tno\tlonger\ntaking\tthe\tmedication.\nRadioactive\niodine\nThis\tis\tthe\tmost\twidely\trecommended\tpermanent\ttreatment\tof\nhyperthyroidis... | [
0.032357651740312576,
-0.04088540002703667,
0.04349386319518089,
-0.04457496106624603,
-0.08134442567825317,
0.005399131681770086,
0.05488993600010872,
0.050549909472465515,
-0.01837858185172081,
0.058356426656246185,
0.07478759437799454,
0.0017850834410637617,
0.08386188000440598,
0.04021... |
Thyroid\tcells\tabsorb\tradioactive\tiodine,\twhich\tdamages\tor\tkills\nthem.\nIf\ttoo\tmany\tof\tthe\tthyroid\tcells\tare\tdamaged,\tremaining\tthyroid\ndoes\tnot\tproduce\tenough\thormone,\tresulting\tin\thypothyroidism,\nand\tsupplemental\tthyroid\thormone\tmay\tbe\tnecessary.\nSurgical\tTreatment\n•\t\nPartial\tor... | [
0.01987195760011673,
-0.052909187972545624,
0.04409058764576912,
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0.02503531612455845,
0.06382309645414352,
0.02790909819304943,
-0.0350072868168354,
0.09500664472579956,
0.06621924042701721,
-0.0033070966601371765,
0.07990509271621704,
0.00938112... |
Surgical\tTreatment\n•\t\nPartial\tor\tcomplete\tremoval\tof\tthe\tthyroid\n•\t\nNot\tas\tcommon\tas\tpharmacologic\tmodes\tof\ttreatment\nThe\teffects\tof\timmunotherapy\tdrugs\tare\talso\tbeing\tevaluated\t(\nSalvi,\t2014\n)\t(see\t\nPathophysiology\nand\tCare\tManagement\tAlgorithm:\n\tThyroid\tDysfunction\n).\nMana... | [
-0.02088465727865696,
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0.04157901555299759,
-0.04412302374839783,
-0.09978610277175903,
-0.0027643837966024876,
0.07249492406845093,
0.07704596221446991,
-0.007587405852973461,
0.06718750298023224,
0.0627443864941597,
0.01570332795381546,
0.054235536605119705,
0.04992... |
).\nManaging\timbalances\tof\tthe\thypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid\taxis\nThe\tthyroid\thas\ta\trelationship\tto\thypothalamic,\tpituitary,\timmune,\tadrenal,\n\tand\tcardiovascular\nfunctions\tthat\taffect\tclinical,\tcellular,\tand\tmolecular\toutcomes.\tA\tchecklist\tof\tconsiderations\tis\tfound\nin\t\nBox\t30.3\n\t... | [
-0.0010668420000001788,
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0.06205638125538826,
-0.03644256666302681,
-0.06896409392356873,
0.035242192447185516,
0.09981848299503326,
0.03775913640856743,
-0.033750973641872406,
0.06590276956558228,
0.07480625808238983,
-0.05997534468770027,
0.036821119487285614,
0.0110... |
in\t\nBox\t30.3\n\tand\tis\tdiscussed\there.\nBOX\t30.3\nFactors\tPromoting\tThyroid\tHealth\tin\tAdults\nConsider\nProtein:\t0.8\tg/kg/day\nIodine\t(once\tautoimmune\tdisease\thas\tbeen\truled\tout):\t150\tmcg/day\nSelenium\t(as\tL-selenomethionine):\t75-200\tmcg/day\nZinc\t(as\tzinc\tcitrate):\n\t10\tmg/day\nVitamin\... | [
-0.011724893003702164,
-0.04291592538356781,
0.016648750752210617,
-0.005696440581232309,
-0.07018645852804184,
-0.06693337112665176,
0.04837776720523834,
0.11267726868391037,
-0.04746321588754654,
-0.04496243968605995,
0.06747492402791977,
-0.055065907537937164,
0.036462508141994476,
0.01... |
10\tmg/day\nVitamin\tD\t(as\tD\n3\n\tor\tcholecalciferol):\t1000\tIU/day\nVitamin\tE\t(as\tD-alpha\ttocopherol\tsuccinate):\t100\tIU/day\nVitamin\tC\t(as\tascorbic\tacid):\t100-500\tmg/day\nGuggulsterones\t(from\tguggul\textract):100\tmg/day\nAshwaganda:\t100\tmg/day\nReduce\tor\teliminate\nGluten\t(found\tin\twheat,\t... | [
-0.04423515871167183,
-0.022683527320623398,
0.005230412352830172,
0.026792192831635475,
-0.05303019657731056,
-0.042964641004800797,
0.04406173527240753,
0.09893229603767395,
-0.04271693527698517,
-0.05740680173039436,
0.084884874522686,
-0.0781044140458107,
0.0428389273583889,
0.01131527... |
Gluten\t(found\tin\twheat,\trye,\toats,\tand\tbarley)\nProcessed\tsoy\nExcessive\tuncooked\tgoitrogenic\tfoods\nStress\nProvide\tadequate\n\tprecursors\tfor\tthe\tformation\tof\tT\n4\n.\nIodide\tis\ta\tlimiting\tnutrient\tin\tmany\tindividuals\tfor\tthe\tproduction\tof\tT\n4\n.\tAdequate\tlevels\tof\torganic | [
-0.027332397177815437,
-0.10633432865142822,
0.03054830990731716,
-0.01705797016620636,
-0.050783671438694,
0.030959799885749817,
0.07791418582201004,
0.033743005245923996,
-0.02454490400850773,
0.029082557186484337,
0.1498413234949112,
-0.03361538425087929,
0.018425678834319115,
0.0092423... |
4\n.\tAdequate\tlevels\tof\torganic\niodide,\twhich\tcan\tcome\tfrom\tsea\tvegetables,\tiodized\tsalt,\tand\tseafood,\tare\timportant\tin\tT\n4\nproduction.\tAdequate\tdietary\tprotein\tintake\tis\timportant\tin\testablishing\tproper\tprotein\tcalorie\nnutrition.\tSupplementation\twith\ttyrosine\tdoes\tnot\tappear\tto\... | [
0.03359600901603699,
-0.09763466566801071,
0.06363306939601898,
-0.04972033202648163,
-0.10933327674865723,
0.03634682670235634,
0.10206752270460129,
0.047979630529880524,
-0.0091891223564744,
0.0888851135969162,
0.10672512650489807,
-0.028391079977154732,
0.05332624539732933,
0.0391011163... |
effect\ton\televating\nthyroid\thormones.\nReduce\tantithyroidal\tantibodies.\nA\tvariety\tof\tfood\tantigens\tcould\tinduce\tantibodies\tthat\tcross-react\twith\tthe\tthyroid\tgland.\tA\tfood\nelimination\tdiet\tusing\tgluten-free\tgrains\tand\tpossible\telimination\tof\tcasein,\tthe\tpredominant\tmilk | [
0.01684408448636532,
-0.03423707187175751,
0.08194564282894135,
-0.06073256582021713,
-0.040023718029260635,
0.05943979695439339,
0.07633103430271149,
0.0767921432852745,
-0.007636941038072109,
0.06606896221637726,
0.10236097872257233,
-0.0332714319229126,
-0.003182661486789584,
0.00097451... |
protein,\tmay\tbe\tconsidered\tfor\thypothyroidism\tof\tunexplained\torigin.\tIt\talso\thas\tbeen\tsuggested\tthat\nenvironmental\ttoxins\tsuch\n\tas\tcadmium\tand\tlead\tmay\tplay\ta\trole\tin\tinducing\tAIT\tand\tthyroid\ndysfunction\t(\nBajaj\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tImplementing\tnutritional\tsupport\tand\tproviding\tad... | [
0.00719310762360692,
-0.06031489744782448,
0.091254323720932,
-0.04639551416039467,
-0.03305617347359657,
0.04186802729964256,
0.10117405652999878,
0.03218529373407364,
-0.03824496641755104,
0.07268339395523071,
0.10288504511117935,
-0.025657150894403458,
0.0064122905023396015,
0.022996131... |
).\tImplementing\tnutritional\tsupport\tand\tproviding\tadequate\tlevels\tof\nvitamin\tD\tand\tselenium\tto\tsupport\tthe\timmune\tsystem\tmay\tbe\tbeneficial.\nImprove\tthe\tconversion\tof\tT\n4\n\tto\tT\n3\n.\nNutritional\tagents\tthat\thelp\tsupport\tproper\tdeiodination\tby\tthe\ttype\t1,\t5-deiodinase\tenzyme\tinc... | [
0.0032397082541137934,
-0.07642391324043274,
0.047607891261577606,
0.011196144856512547,
-0.01750476099550724,
0.022405458614230156,
0.09310474991798401,
0.06282785534858704,
-0.052438944578170776,
0.013949211686849594,
0.1280333250761032,
-0.026618165895342827,
0.025963136926293373,
0.037... |
selenium\t(as\tL-selenomethionine)\n\tand\tzinc\t(as\tzinc\tglycinate\tor\tzinc\tcitrate).\tHuman\tstudies\nrepeatedly\thave\tdemonstrated\tconsequent\treduced\tconcentrations\tof\tthyroid\thormones\twhen\ta\tzinc | [
-0.007581560872495174,
-0.028417721390724182,
0.04242279380559921,
0.009107145480811596,
-0.08240892738103867,
-0.024685131385922432,
0.08357465267181396,
0.027188271284103394,
-0.0009009548812173307,
-0.006736439187079668,
0.09000276774168015,
-0.014292149804532528,
0.025909068062901497,
... |
deficiency\tis\tpresent\t(\nBlazewicz\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tIn\tchildren\twith\tDown’s\tsyndrome,\tzinc\tsulfate\tmay\nreduce\tthyroidal\tantibodies,\timprove\tthyroid\tfunction,\tand\treduce\tthe\tincidence\tof\tsubclinical\nhypothyroidism\t(\nMazurek\tand\tWyka,\t2016\n).\nZinc\tsupplementation\n\twas\talso\tshown\tto\... | [
-0.030830731615424156,
-0.015723880380392075,
0.05606164038181305,
-0.03415023535490036,
-0.07573971897363663,
0.015522297471761703,
0.05619671940803528,
0.11225218325853348,
-0.05068286135792732,
0.06374481320381165,
0.09273084998130798,
-0.03036676160991192,
0.027956796810030937,
0.04263... |
indices\t(\nAl\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nEnhance\tT\n3\n\tinfluence\ton\tmitochondrial\tfunction.\nA\tnumber\tof\timportant\tnutritional\trelationships\timprove\tthyroid\thormones’\teffects\ton\tthe\nmitochondria,\tthe\torganelles\tresponsible\tfor\tthe\tmajority\tof\tcellular\tenergy\tproduction\t(\nLanni\tet\tal,\n2016\n).... | [
-0.0010237341048195958,
-0.04741169884800911,
0.04060937464237213,
-0.023662656545639038,
-0.059482138603925705,
0.024534014984965324,
0.07338079810142517,
0.012949720025062561,
0.003378447378054261,
0.05931961536407471,
0.12654362618923187,
-0.06148615851998329,
0.05991370603442192,
0.040... |
production\tof\tT\n3\n\tand\tlower\nautoantibodies\tto\tthyroid\thormones\twhile\timproving\tenergy\tproduction.\tSupplementation\twith\nselenomethionine\tresults\tin\timproved\tdeiodination\tof\tT\n4\n,\twhich\tmay\timprove\tATP\tformation\tby\nsupporting\timproved\tmitochondrial\tactivity.\tFood\tsources\tof\tseleniu... | [
0.011223788373172283,
-0.08626890182495117,
0.0313778854906559,
-0.03057413548231125,
-0.01981361396610737,
0.042525243014097214,
0.108164943754673,
0.08118550479412079,
-0.04592546820640564,
0.08537843823432922,
0.1088690385222435,
-0.04000510275363922,
0.06474760174751282,
0.058584995567... |
snapper,\tcod,\thalibut,\tyellowfin\ttuna,\tsalmon,\tsardines,\tshrimp,\tmushrooms,\tand\tbarley.\nMonitor\tuse\tof\tbotanical\tproducts.\nBased\ton\tanimal\tstudies,\tit\tappears\tthat\tcertain\tbotanical\tpreparations\tinfluence\tthyroid\tactivity.\tThe\nmost\tsignificant\tproducts\tinclude\t\nCommiphora\tmukul\n\t(g... | [
-0.017817463725805283,
-0.074961818754673,
0.06232282146811485,
-0.016583452001214027,
-0.12297341227531433,
-0.008682294748723507,
0.05415919050574303,
-0.04249963164329529,
-0.008665637113153934,
0.04501338303089142,
0.10287632793188095,
-0.06890852749347687,
0.02186371199786663,
-0.0114... |
(guggulsterones,\tfrom\tguggul\textract)\tand\nWithania\tsomnifera\n\t(ashwagandha).\t\nC.\tmukul\n\tdemonstrates\tstrong\tthyroid\tstimulatory\taction.\tIts\nadministration\t(1\tmg/100\tg\tbody\tweight)\tincreases\tiodine\tuptake\tby\tthe\n\tthyroid,\tincreases\tTPO\nactivity,\tand\tdecreases\tlipid\tperoxidation,\tsu... | [
-0.021664690226316452,
-0.09068737179040909,
-0.01827523112297058,
0.03064987063407898,
-0.12285537272691727,
0.013786371797323227,
0.0508054681122303,
0.05658372864127159,
-0.03669722005724907,
0.03745604306459427,
0.09998760372400284,
-0.02210145816206932,
0.025300554931163788,
-0.001404... |
3\nmight\tbe\tmediated\tby\tthis\tplant’s\tantioxidant\teffects.\t\nW.\tsomnifera\n\t(ashwagandha)\troot\textract\t(1.4\ng/kg)\tmay\tincrease\tT\n3\n\tand\tT\n4\n\tconcentrations\twithout\tchanging\t5-deiodinase\tactivity\t(\nSharma\tet\tal,\n2018\n).\nAvoid\tdisruption\tof\tthyroid\thormone\tmetabolism\tfrom\tflavonoi... | [
-0.03774213045835495,
-0.04074358567595482,
-0.008557031862437725,
0.032956648617982864,
-0.09382755309343338,
0.05161547660827637,
0.023683873936533928,
-0.0013134772889316082,
-0.010701103135943413,
0.02571886219084263,
0.10668609291315079,
-0.0699104517698288,
-0.0018094037659466267,
-0... |
Flavonoids,\n\tnatural\tand\tsynthetic,\thave\tthe\tpotential\tto\tdisrupt\tthyroid\thormone\tmetabolism.\nSynthetic\tflavonoid\tderivatives\tcan\tdecrease\tserum\tT\n4\n\tconcentrations\tand\tinhibit\tthe\tconversion\tof\nT\n4\n\tto\tT\n3\n\tand\tthe\tmetabolic\tclearance\tof\trT\n3\n\tby\tthe\tselenium-dependent\t5-d... | [
-0.005097596440464258,
-0.09194877743721008,
0.004202296491712332,
0.0157804936170578,
-0.04083767533302307,
0.0647042766213417,
0.06082087755203247,
0.041964273899793625,
-0.0038056576158851385,
0.030624615028500557,
0.10616041719913483,
-0.004546307027339935,
-0.016026323661208153,
0.014... |
3\n\tby\tthe\tselenium-dependent\t5-deiodinase.\tNaturally\noccurring\tflavonoids\tappear\tto\thave\ta\tsimilar\tinhibitory\teffect.\tOf\tthe\tnaturally\toccurring\tflavonoids,\nluteolin\t(most\toften\n\tfound\tin\tleaves,\tbut\talso\tseen\tin\tcelery,\tthyme,\tdandelion,\tgreen\tpepper,\tthyme, | [
-0.011455196887254715,
-0.11259786784648895,
-0.0014233218971639872,
0.03277641907334328,
-0.04394315928220749,
0.0561118982732296,
0.07977066189050674,
0.033026520162820816,
0.0035976951476186514,
0.021287690848112106,
0.09927868843078613,
-0.054511744529008865,
-0.0077185798436403275,
-0... |
perilla,\tchamomile\ttea,\tcarrots,\tolive\toil,\tpeppermint,\trosemary,\tand\toregano)\tis\tthe\tmost\tactive\ninhibitor\tof\t5-deiodinase\tactivity.\tBecause\tisolated\tor\tconcentrated\tflavonoids\tare\tincreasingly\tused\nas\ttherapeutic\tinterventions,\tmore\tresearch\ton\tthe\tpotential\tinfluence\tof\tthese\tsub... | [
-0.015094746835529804,
-0.07890395820140839,
0.04022548720240593,
-0.030058633536100388,
-0.06640622764825821,
0.03213849291205406,
0.05712568387389183,
0.03642946481704712,
0.030441638082265854,
0.05486362427473068,
0.11331811547279358,
-0.046660248190164566,
0.020643755793571472,
0.00670... |
hormone\tmetabolism\n\tis\tdesirable\t(\nGonçalves\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tHowever,\tin\tpatients\twith\tthyroid\tcancer\nwho\thave\treduced\tability\tto\tuptake\tiodide,\tflavonoids\tsuch\tas\trutin\tand\tapigenin\t(found\tin\nasparagus,\tfigs,\tand\tgreen\tand\tunpeeled\tapples)\tare\table\tto\tincrease\tiodide\tuptake\t... | [
-0.006213871296495199,
-0.06194877251982689,
-0.014821851626038551,
-0.020297393202781677,
-0.08897341042757034,
0.032260432839393616,
0.07143779844045639,
0.038071636110544205,
-0.002151167020201683,
0.04767417162656784,
0.09452205151319504,
-0.020714839920401573,
-0.01818639598786831,
-0... |
useful\tand\tadjuvant\tin\tradioiodine\ttherapy\tsince\tthis\tflavonoid\tincreased\tthyroid\tuptake\twithout\naffecting\tadversely\taffecting\tthyroid\n\tfunction\t(\nGonçalves\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nGonçalves\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nUse\tcaution\twith\tsupplements.\nLipoic\tacid\treduces\tthe\tconversion\tof\tT\n4\n\tto\tT\... | [
0.009107336401939392,
-0.0422474667429924,
0.018419228494167328,
-0.07783012092113495,
-0.048579659312963486,
0.04717560112476349,
0.10257875919342041,
0.04529266059398651,
-0.0497840940952301,
0.04993332922458649,
0.07476634532213211,
0.0000018962992953674984,
0.03123820386826992,
0.02451... |
4\n\tto\tT\n3\n.\tBecause\tit\tis\tusually\tnot\ta\ttherapeutic\tadvantage\tto\ndecrease\tperipheral\tactivation\tof\tT\n3\n\tsubsequent\tto\tT\n4\n\ttherapy,\tuse\tof\tlipoic\tacid\tsupplements\tin\nhypothyroid\tpatients\treceiving\texogenous\thormone\ttherapy\tshould\tbe\tapproached\twith\tcaution.\nHowever,\tlipoic | [
0.02876656875014305,
-0.1047656312584877,
0.04579959437251091,
-0.034882497042417526,
-0.08901655673980713,
0.03549419716000557,
0.06950937956571579,
0.026041656732559204,
-0.029037872329354286,
0.06528213620185852,
0.11035782098770142,
-0.030149895697832108,
0.03120150975883007,
0.0444792... |
However,\tlipoic\n\tacid\thas\tbeen\tmore\trecently\tshown\tto\tbe\ta\tpotential\tadjuvant\ttherapy\tfor\tadvanced\nthyroid\tcancer\tbecause\tit\tcould\tactivate\tadenosine\tmonophosphate\tactivated\tprotein\tkinase\t(AMPK)\nand\tinhibit\ttransforming\tgrowth\tfactor\tβ-TGFβ\tpathway\tby\treducing\tcancer\tcell\tmigrat... | [
-0.015700459480285645,
-0.08676676452159882,
0.010450873523950577,
-0.06430692225694656,
-0.03241904079914093,
-0.003663351759314537,
0.06857132166624069,
0.08240025490522385,
-0.006021010223776102,
0.05643448978662491,
0.11783536523580551,
0.021383294835686684,
0.04792489856481552,
0.0606... |
suppressing\ttumor\tgrowth\t(\nJeon\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nMaintain\tvitamin\tsufficiency.\nOne\tnutrient\tthat\tis\tcritically\timportant\tfor\n\testablishing\timmune\tbalance\tand\tpreventing\tthe\nproduction\tof\tautoantibodies\tis\tvitamin\tD.\tVitamin\tD\tis\tconsidered\ta\tprohormone\twith | [
0.03315100446343422,
-0.008006332442164421,
0.06107450649142265,
-0.020965807139873505,
-0.03668568655848503,
0.04891754314303398,
0.06949994713068008,
-0.031390972435474396,
-0.002473355969414115,
0.08028732240200043,
0.12407979369163513,
-0.030101465061306953,
0.07375314086675644,
-0.001... |
antiproliferative,\tdifferentiating,\tand\timmunosuppressive\tactivities.\tVitamin\tD\tis\tan\teffective\timmune\nmodulator\tand\tmay\tsuppress\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\tautoimmune\tdiseases,\tsuch\tas\tarthritis\tand\nmultiple\tsclerosis\t(\nBaeke\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tConversely,\ta\tvitamin\tD\tdeficiency\n\tis\tassociat... | [
0.01983288861811161,
-0.05010776221752167,
0.06214847043156624,
0.01199252624064684,
-0.06725654006004333,
0.03534307703375816,
0.0994255393743515,
0.02074441872537136,
-0.016118178144097328,
0.0900052934885025,
0.094625324010849,
-0.011546538211405277,
0.009820660576224327,
0.038644261658... |
).\tConversely,\ta\tvitamin\tD\tdeficiency\n\tis\tassociated\twith\nnumerous\tautoimmune\tconditions,\tincluding\tHashimoto’s\tthyroiditis.\tMore\tthan\t90%\tof\tpeople\twith\nautoimmune\tthyroid\tdisease\thave\ta\tgenetic\tdefect\taffecting\ttheir\tability\tto\tmetabolize\tvitamin\tD\n(\nFeng\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nKivi... | [
-0.013983212411403656,
-0.05970693379640579,
0.06126800552010536,
-0.05949543043971062,
-0.09512799233198166,
0.011413910426199436,
0.1132478192448616,
0.05038692429661751,
-0.0689106434583664,
0.05939341336488724,
0.09430882334709167,
-0.02086906135082245,
0.05752075836062431,
0.049243226... |
(\nFeng\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nKivity\tet\tal,\t2011\n).\tVitamin\tD\talso\tappears\tto\twork\twith\tother\tnutritional\tfactors\tto\nhelp\tregulate\timmune\tsensitivity\tand\tmay\tprotect\tagainst\tdevelopment\tof\tautoantibodies.\n\tAfter\nexposure\tto\theavy\tmetals,\tdecreases\tin\ta\tvariety\tof\thepatic\tantioxidan... | [
-0.03318222612142563,
-0.05205816775560379,
0.012463676743209362,
-0.030390223488211632,
-0.051403459161520004,
0.021877281367778778,
0.07553669065237045,
0.053377002477645874,
-0.03195442259311676,
0.05878397822380066,
0.12951438128948212,
-0.029297688975930214,
0.035522859543561935,
0.04... |
oxidative\tdegradation\tof\tlipids)\tsystems\thave\tbeen\tobserved.\tAscorbic\tacid\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\tbe\neffective\tin\tpreventing\tlead-induced\tdecreases\tin\tT\n3\n\tand\thepatic\t5-deiodination\tin\tan\tanimal\tmodel\n(\nAmbali\tet\tal,\t2011\n).\nAdrenal\tdisorders\nCushing’s\tsyndrome\nIn\tCushing’s\tsyndro... | [
-0.0020439792424440384,
-0.051475200802087784,
0.09147419035434723,
-0.005090990569442511,
-0.03877774626016617,
0.021435445174574852,
0.03893500939011574,
0.01852104440331459,
-0.004420843441039324,
0.08465345948934555,
0.10910583287477493,
-0.02351548708975315,
-0.0006949413218535483,
0.... |
Adrenal\tdisorders\nCushing’s\tsyndrome\nIn\tCushing’s\tsyndrome,\ttoo\tmuch\n\tcortisol\tremains\tin\tthe\tbloodstream\tover\ta\tlong\tperiod.\tThe\nexogenous\tform\toccurs\twhen\tindividuals\ttake\tsteroids\tor\tother\tsimilar\tmedications\tand\tceases\twhen\nthe\tmedication\tis\tstopped.\tEndogenous\tCushing’s\tsynd... | [
0.0342264361679554,
-0.06555475294589996,
0.08354777097702026,
-0.0391344279050827,
-0.12324404716491699,
0.03651919960975647,
0.01995067484676838,
0.01473768800497055,
-0.006076957564800978,
0.05187184363603592,
0.09490755200386047,
-0.03884177654981613,
-0.004271563608199358,
0.034560617... |
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