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J\tAm\tColl\tCardiol\n\t46:e1,\n2005.)\nTABLE\t32.5\nClassifications\tof\tHeart\tFailure\nClass\tI\nNo\tundue\tsymptoms\tassociated\twith\tordinary\tactivity\tand\tno\tlimitation\tof\tphysical\tactivity\nClass\tII\nSlight\tlimitation\tof\tphysical\tactivity;\tpatient\n\tcomfortable\tat\trest\nClass\tIII\nMarked\tlimita...
[ 0.03227723762392998, -0.03907070681452751, 0.06554990261793137, -0.00714969914406538, -0.0896272137761116, 0.015707658603787422, 0.05273069813847542, 0.011172891594469547, -0.0472240224480629, 0.02427186630666256, 0.08095234632492065, -0.04814694821834564, 0.00870779249817133, 0.0639440417...
Class\tIV\nInability\tto\tcarry\tout\tphysical\tactivity\twithout\tdiscomfort;\tsymptoms\tof\tcardiac\tinsufficiency\tor\nchest\tpain\tat\trest\nModified\tfrom\tHunt\tSA,\tet\tal:\tACC,\tAHA,\t2005\tguideline\tupdate\tfor\tthe\tdiagnosis\tand\tmanagement\tof\tchronic\theart\tfailure\tin\tthe\tadult:\ta\treport\tof\nthe...
[ 0.001533006434328854, -0.0355256125330925, 0.025662362575531006, -0.023171130567789078, -0.0758698508143425, 0.01031164638698101, 0.04766907915472984, -0.04021577164530754, -0.04915808141231537, 0.06699453294277191, 0.0916241928935051, -0.04678633064031601, 0.05118606239557266, 0.044971827...
the\tAmerican\tCollege\n\tof\tCardiology/American\tHeart\tAssociation\tTask\tForce\ton\tpractice\tguidelines,\t\nJ\tAm\tColl\tCardiol\n\t46:e1,\t2005.\nThe\tprogressive\tinsult\talters\tthe\tfunction\tand\tshape\tof\tthe\tleft\tventricle\tsuch\tthat\tit\thypertrophies\nin\tan\teffort\tto\tsustain\tblood\tflow,\ta\tproc...
[ 0.0011027478612959385, -0.06804752349853516, 0.0795217975974083, -0.015053527429699898, -0.10927066951990128, 0.04166702926158905, 0.03185250610113144, 0.006281801499426365, 0.021544165909290314, 0.06599999964237213, 0.08218635618686676, -0.030126528814435005, 0.016684843227267265, 0.02600...
arise\tuntil\tmonths\tor\tyears\tafter\tcardiac\tremodeling\tbegins.\tMany\tcompensatory\tmechanisms\n\tfrom\nthe\tSNS,\tRAS,\tand\tcytokine\tsystem\tare\tactivated\tto\trestore\thomeostatic\tfunction.\tProinflammatory\ncytokines,\tsuch\tas\tTNF-α,\tIL-1,\tand\tIL-6,\tare\tincreased\tin\tblood\tand\tthe\tmyocardium\tan...
[ -0.029116682708263397, -0.08293536305427551, 0.04231422394514084, 0.0028643840923905373, -0.11025740206241608, -0.005691262893378735, 0.10168194025754929, 0.03806928172707558, -0.006370073650032282, 0.056825488805770874, 0.09211511164903641, -0.029611611738801003, 0.005595971364527941, 0.0...
found\tto\tregulate\tcardiac\tremodeling.\nAnother\tsubstance,\t\nB-natriuretic\tpeptide\t(BNP)\n,\tis\tsecreted\tby\tthe\tventricles\tin\tresponse\tto\npressure\tand\tis\tpredictive\tof\tthe\tseverity\tof\tHF\tand\tmortality\tat\n\tany\tlevel\tof\tBMI.\tBNP\tis\toften\thighly\nelevated\tin\tpatients\twith\tHF\t(greate...
[ 0.016442222520709038, -0.056626301258802414, 0.05127890408039093, -0.008710814639925957, -0.08778489381074905, -0.010143970139324665, 0.07910890877246857, 0.021267808973789215, -0.011309103108942509, 0.032179348170757294, 0.09703338891267776, -0.0202968530356884, 0.0471600703895092, 0.0476...
more\tthan\t3000\tpg/mL).\tFor\tevery\t100\tpg/mL\trise\tin\tBNP\tconcentration,\tthere\tis\ta\tcorresponding\n35%\tincrease\tin\tthe\trelative\trisk\tof\tdeath\t(\nDesai,\t2013\n).\nEventually\toveruse\tof\tcompensatory\tsystems\tleads\tto\tfurther\tventricle\tdamage,\tremodeling,\tand\nworsening\tof\tsymptoms
[ 0.04034572094678879, -0.09155665338039398, -0.0013866991503164172, -0.06450115889310837, -0.059220798313617706, -0.0318579263985157, 0.05662526562809944, 0.04362262785434723, 0.0022512252908200026, 0.06567186117172241, 0.1047491505742073, -0.06556301563978195, 0.052399683743715286, 0.02130...
worsening\tof\tsymptoms\n\t(stage\tC).\tHF\tpatients\thave\televated\tlevels\tof\tnorepinephrine,\tangiotensin\tII,\naldosterone,\tendothelin,\tand\tvasopressin;\tall\tof\tthese\tare\tneurohormonal\tfactors\tthat\tincrease\tthe\nhemodynamic\tstress\ton\tthe\tventricle\tby\tcausing\tsodium\tretention\tand\tperipheral\tv...
[ 0.030300108715891838, -0.04585973918437958, 0.03824080899357796, 0.023929033428430557, -0.10702233761548996, 0.011705012992024422, 0.037339527159929276, 0.11977580189704895, 0.003423690563067794, -0.0008061243570409715, 0.03604328632354736, 0.0010820113820955157, 0.04979488626122475, 0.069...
These\tneurohormones\tand\tthe\tproinflammatory\tcytokines\tcontribute\tto\tdisease\tprogression;\thence,\ncurrent\tstudies\tfocus\n\ton\tinhibition\tof\tthese\tundesirable\tpathways\tand\tpromotion\tof\tdesirable\tones.\nFor\tthe\tfinal\tstages\tof\tHF,\tthere\tis\ta\tsubjective\tscale\tused\tto\tclassify\tsymptoms\tb...
[ 0.04173720255494118, -0.07574348896741867, 0.04825035110116005, -0.06835617870092392, -0.11682238429784775, 0.0184488408267498, 0.10387669503688812, -0.01730109378695488, -0.0017000877996906638, 0.0679633691906929, 0.07996205240488052, -0.043034423142671585, 0.04413040727376938, 0.03490456...
degree\tof\tlimitation\tin\tdaily\tactivities\t(\nTable\t32.5\n).\tThe\tseverity\tof\tsymptoms\tin\tthis\tclassification\nsystem\tis\tweakly\trelated\tto\tthe\tseverity\tof\tleft\tventricular\tdysfunction;\ttherefore\ttreatment\nencompasses\timproving\tfunctional\n\tcapacity\tand\tlessening\tprogression\tof\tthe\tunder...
[ 0.03890493884682655, -0.060791514813899994, 0.032459937036037445, -0.02538934163749218, -0.08113810420036316, -0.0033139947336167097, 0.06813619285821915, 0.01720627397298813, -0.02113734371960163, 0.06031192094087601, 0.06860776990652084, -0.05125992372632027, 0.03386436402797699, 0.03947...
TABLE\t32.6\nSkeletal\tMuscle\tChanges\tin\tHeart\tFailure\nFunction\tloss\nWeakness\nFatigability\nStructural\nLoss\tof\tmuscle\tmass\nAtrophy,\tfibrosis,\tno\t≠\tapoptosis\nFiber\ttype\tswitch\ttype\tI–type\tIIb\nLoss\tof\tmitochondria\nEndothelial\tdamage\nBlood\tflow\nCapillary\tdensity\t↓\nVasodilation\nPeak\tleg\...
[ 0.002056438010185957, -0.08930493146181107, 0.029584771022200584, -0.034025076776742935, -0.13889111578464508, -0.028823522850871086, 0.06424932926893234, 0.05849376693367958, -0.01007829885929823, 0.05828818306326866, 0.05621569976210594, -0.01780281774699688, 0.05720198526978493, 0.02522...
Vasodilation\nPeak\tleg\tblood\tflow\t↓\nMetabolism\nProteolysis\nOxidative\tmetabolism\t↓\tAcidosis\tglycolysis\t≠\nInflammation\nCytokine\tand\toxidative\tmarkers\nNeuroendocrine\nGH,\tIGF-1,\tepinephrine,\tnorepinephrine,\tcortisol\nInactivity\nTNF-α\t≠\t≠\nGenetic\tfactors\nMyostatin,\tIGF\nGH\n,\tGrowth\thormone;\...
[ 0.01823253557085991, -0.1258833259344101, 0.02678018808364868, -0.026536135002970695, -0.08524728566408157, -0.00644217524677515, 0.08019530028104782, 0.07157997041940689, 0.010766488499939442, 0.06268496811389923, 0.06787803769111633, -0.020420800894498825, 0.01385505497455597, 0.02343315...
GH\n,\tGrowth\thormone;\t\nIGF\n,\tinsulin-like\tgrowth\tfactor;\t\nTNF-\nα,\ttumor\tnecrosis\tfactor\talpha.\nFrom\tStrassburg\tS,\tet\tal:\tMuscle\twasting\tin\tcardiac\tcachexia,\t\nInt\tJ\tBiochem\n\tCell\tBiol\n\t37:1938,\t2005.\nIn\tHF\tthe\theart\tcan\tcompensate\tfor\tpoor\tcardiac\toutput\tby\t(1)\tincreasing\...
[ -0.031287338584661484, -0.040488991886377335, 0.06414001435041428, -0.07228680700063705, -0.09230571985244751, -0.0010076749604195356, 0.043749842792749405, 0.058249738067388535, -0.022343026474118233, 0.07702229917049408, 0.08359236270189285, -0.028284920379519463, 0.045846134424209595, 0...
(2)\tincreasing\tin\tsize,\t(3)\tpumping\tmore\toften,\tand\t(4)\tstimulating\tthe\tkidneys\tto\tconserve\tsodium\nand\twater.\tFor\ta\ttime\tthis\tcompensation\tmaintains\tnear-normal\tcirculation,\tbut\teventually\tthe\theart\ncan\tno\tlonger\tmaintain\ta\tnormal\toutput\t(decompensation).\tAdvanced\tsymptoms\n\tcan\...
[ 0.010648979805409908, -0.04865655675530434, 0.07919134199619293, -0.006460349075496197, -0.09422177076339722, -0.01927383430302143, 0.06720231473445892, -0.0033902956638485193, -0.01742996834218502, 0.04439050331711769, 0.09597976505756378, -0.06749449670314789, 0.030097218230366707, 0.032...
weeks\tor\tmonths,\tand\tsudden\tdeath\tcan\toccur\tat\tany\ttime.\nThree\tsymptoms—fatigue,\tshortness\tof\tbreath,\tand\tfluid\tretention—are\tthe\thallmarks\tof\tHF.\nShortness\tof\tbreath\ton\texertion,\tor\teffort\tintolerance,\tis\tthe\tearliest\tsymptom.\tThe\tshortness\tof\nbreath\tknown\tas\torthopnea\tis\tbre...
[ 0.021387992426753044, -0.04309339448809624, 0.07871605455875397, 0.010335857048630714, -0.033721983432769775, 0.012707856483757496, 0.09961079061031342, 0.041181325912475586, -0.06348384916782379, -0.001844514743424952, 0.026831960305571556, -0.05723198130726814, 0.031271059066057205, 0.02...
pulmonary\tcongestion\tor\tperipheral\tedema.\n\tEvidence\tof\thypoperfusion\tincludes\tcool\tforearms\tand\nlegs,\tsleepiness,\tdeclining\tserum\tsodium\tlevel\tcaused\tby\tfluid\toverload,\tand\tworsening\trenal\nfunction.\nDecreased\tcranial\tblood\tsupply\tcan\tlead\tto\tmental\tconfusion,\tmemory\tloss,\tanxiety,\...
[ 0.0019423931371420622, -0.07929324358701706, 0.06594064086675644, 0.008101558312773705, -0.08423196524381638, -0.00713189085945487, 0.10653354972600937, 0.02781623974442482, -0.006920170038938522, 0.021647661924362183, 0.05241335183382034, 0.006532033905386925, 0.05774384364485741, 0.05362...
syncope\n\t(loss\tof\toxygen\tto\tthe\tbrain\tcausing\tbrief\tloss\tof\tconsciousness),\tand\theadache.\tThe\tlatter\nsymptoms\tare\tmore\tcommon\tin\tolder\tpatients\tand\n\toften\tare\tthe\tonly\tsymptoms;\tthis\tcan\tlead\tto\ta\ndelay\tin\tdiagnosis.\tOften\tthe\tfirst\tsymptom\tin\tolder\tadults\tis\ta\tdry\tcough...
[ 0.013088298961520195, -0.047812726348638535, 0.0455961637198925, 0.003820195561274886, -0.11083901673555374, 0.01687708869576454, 0.09514300525188446, 0.011779027990996838, 0.002456540009006858, -0.018967146053910255, 0.06939506530761719, -0.011619983240962029, 0.05822480842471123, -0.0047...
and\tanorexia.\nCardiac\tcachexia\n\tis\tthe\tend\tresult\tof\tHF\tin\t10%\tto\t15%\tof\tpatients.\tIt\tis\tdefined\tas\tinvoluntary\nweight\tloss\tof\tat\tleast\t6%\tof\tnonedematous\tbody\tweight\tduring\ta\t6-month\tperiod\t(\nSpringer\tet\tal,\n2006\n).\tUnlike\tnormal\tstarvation,\twhich\n\tis\tcharacterized\tby\t...
[ 0.06087258830666542, -0.1127772182226181, 0.021320808678865433, 0.02082776091992855, -0.13309571146965027, -0.03809955716133118, 0.09261079132556915, 0.030143287032842636, -0.054911207407712936, 0.0103591438382864, 0.06299624592065811, -0.0020518701057881117, -0.0014260614989325404, 0.0519...
is\tcharacterized\tby\tadipose\ttissue\tloss,\tthis\tcachexia\tis\ncharacterized\tby\ta\tsignificant\tloss\tof\tlean\tbody\tmass.\tThis\tdecrease\tin\tlean\tbody\tmass\tfurther\nexacerbates\tHF\tbecause\tof\tthe\tloss\tof\tcardiac\tmuscle\tand\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\ta\theart\tthat\tis\tsoft\tand
[ 0.04552068933844566, -0.04511421546339989, 0.06085702404379845, -0.04828137904405594, -0.1094767227768898, 0.008303534239530563, 0.09162072837352753, -0.04729558899998665, -0.03838339447975159, 0.09160494059324265, 0.0950126126408577, -0.015927519649267197, 0.03226957097649574, 0.088222004...
flabby.\tIn\taddition,\tthere\tare\tstructural,\tcirculatory,\tmetabolic,\tinflammatory,\tand\tneuroendocrine\nchanges\tin\tthe\tskeletal\tmuscle\tof\tpatients\twith\n\tHF\t(\nDelano\tand\tMoldawer,\t2006\n)\t(\nTable\t32.6\n).\tSome\nchanges\tin\tcardiac\tfunction\tcan\tbe\tattributed\tto\taging\tand\tare\tlisted\tin\...
[ -0.015365390107035637, -0.049741167575120926, 0.03938506543636322, -0.019683528691530228, -0.08557859063148499, -0.007545698434114456, 0.13977402448654175, 0.053293462842702866, -0.03528035432100296, 0.004043978173285723, 0.0805170014500618, -0.026952894404530525, 0.032853852957487106, 0.0...
Box\t32.7\n.\nBOX\t32.7\nPrincipal\tEffects\tof\tAging\ton\tCardiovascular\tStructure\tand\nFunction\nIncreased\tvascular\tstiffness\nIncreased\tmyocardial\tstiffness\nDecreased\tbeta-adrenergic\tresponsiveness\nImpaired\tmitochondrial\tATP\tproduction\nDecreased\tbaroreceptor\tresponsiveness\nImpaired\tsinus\tnode\tfun...
[ 0.005477163475006819, -0.07420464605093002, 0.046551551669836044, 0.001991567201912403, -0.07828016579151154, -0.025280246511101723, 0.0440777949988842, 0.08798635751008987, -0.037938669323921204, 0.0525846853852272, 0.05043202266097069, -0.04505537450313568, -0.012943653389811516, 0.06098...
Impaired\tsinus\tnode\tfunction\nImpaired\tendothelial\tfunction\nNet\teffect:\tMarked\treduction\tin\tcardiovascular\treserve\nATP,\n\tAdenosine\ttriphosphate.\nFrom\tRich\tMW:\tOffice\tmanagement\tof\theart\tfailure\tin\tthe\telderly,\t\nAm\tMed\n\t118:342,\t2005.\nCardiac\tcachexia\tis\ta\tserious\tcomplication\tof\...
[ -0.01706118695437908, -0.11438151448965073, 0.041597574949264526, -0.036730360239744186, -0.09673435240983963, -0.006844914983958006, 0.05462843179702759, 0.1263570487499237, -0.061785414814949036, 0.0608627013862133, 0.05031011253595352, -0.0076308525167405605, 0.01849086955189705, 0.0822...
in\t18\tmonths\t(\nCarlson\tand\tDahlin,\t2014\n).\tSymptoms\tthat\treflect\n\tinadequate\tblood\tsupply\tto\tthe\nabdominal\torgans\tinclude\tanorexia,\tnausea,\ta\tfeeling\tof\tfullness,\tconstipation,\tabdominal\tpain,\nmalabsorption,\thepatomegaly,\tand\tliver\ttenderness.\tAll\tof\tthese\tcontribute\tto\tthe\thigh...
[ 0.06645286083221436, -0.042761996388435364, 0.03661563992500305, -0.060200318694114685, -0.15175075829029083, -0.008016817271709442, 0.076473169028759, 0.012420300394296646, -0.017385443672537804, 0.04947527498006821, 0.11090459674596786, -0.01994141936302185, 0.005446024239063263, 0.01101...
malnutrition\tobserved\tin\thospitalized\tpatients\twith\tHF.\tLack\tof\tblood\tflow\tto\tthe\tgut\tleads\tto\tloss\tof\nbowel\tintegrity;\tbacteria\tand\tother\tendotoxins\tmay\tenter\tthe\tbloodstream\n\tand\tcause\tcytokine\nactivation.\tProinflammatory\tcytokines\tsuch\tas\tTNF-α\tand\tadiponectin\tare\thighest\tin...
[ -0.0111900819465518, -0.06187588348984718, 0.017519351094961166, 0.01597045548260212, -0.06509669125080109, 0.01724196970462799, 0.0779377743601799, 0.1100466251373291, -0.012019885703921318, 0.0018134681740775704, 0.08582116663455963, 0.018917910754680634, 0.030514206737279892, 0.06396930...
cardiac\tcachexia.\tAn\tincreased\tlevel\tof\tTNF-α\tis\tassociated\twith\ta\tlower\tBMI,\tsmaller\tskinfold\nmeasurements,\tand\tdecreased\tplasma\ttotal\tprotein\tlevels,\tindicative\tof\ta\tcatabolic\tstate.\nAdiponectin\tlevels\tare\thigh\tin\tHF\tand\tare\ta\tmarker\tfor\twasting\tand\ta\tpredictor\tof\tmortality....
[ 0.018187129870057106, -0.034244272857904434, 0.057852502912282944, -0.008527799509465694, -0.06466270238161087, -0.01815841905772686, 0.08807544410228729, 0.015865908935666084, -0.01605876535177231, 0.027661781758069992, 0.0736275240778923, -0.03374241665005684, 0.002458340022712946, 0.059...
with\tTNF-α,\tadiponectin\tlevels\talso\tare\tcorrelated\tinversely\twith\tBMI.\tPharmacologic\ttreatments\tfor\nmuscle\twasting\tare\tbeing\texplored.\nRisk\tfactors\nThe\tFramingham\tHeart\tStudy\t(see\t\nFocus\tOn:\n\tFramingham\tHeart\tStudy\n)\tshowed\tthe\trisk\tfactors\tfor\nHF\twere\thypertension,\tdiabetes,\tA...
[ 0.0002942144637927413, -0.0974394679069519, 0.03611204773187637, -0.047831565141677856, -0.06261362135410309, 0.025450222194194794, 0.025493912398815155, 0.04735347628593445, 0.004749014042317867, 0.052010614424943924, 0.09463696926832199, 0.0026207908522337675, 0.023953663185238838, 0.049...
left\tventricular\thypertrophy\t(LVH)\n\t(enlargement\tof\nthe\tleft\tventricle\tof\tthe\theart).\tAntecedent\thypertension\n\tis\tpresent\tin\tabout\tthree\tfourths\tof\tHF\npatients.\tIndividuals\twho\thave\tdiabetes\tmellitus\tand\tischemic\theart\tdisease\tmore\tfrequently\tdevelop\nHF\tcompared\twith\tpatients\twi...
[ 0.013620455749332905, -0.04455402493476868, 0.0532483272254467, -0.0187918059527874, -0.05018587410449982, 0.027753477916121483, 0.062044039368629456, 0.03469660505652428, -0.019067851826548576, 0.055579785257577896, 0.11403550207614899, 0.007445929571986198, 0.04071507602930069, 0.0169770...
Rosano\tet\tal,\t2006\n).\tLeft\tventricular\tdysfunction\nwithout\tischemia\tis\toften\trelated\tto\texcessive\talcohol\tintake.\tDiabetes\tis\tan\tespecially\tstrong\trisk\nfactor\tfor\tHF\tin\twomen.\tThe\tprevalence\tof\thypertension\tand\tdiabetes\n\tincreases\twith\tage,\tmaking\tthe
[ 0.006296068429946899, -0.08141764253377914, 0.04691591486334801, 0.016293788328766823, -0.03023521788418293, 0.04423271492123604, 0.13422541320323944, 0.033684469759464264, -0.016779059544205666, 0.0518953837454319, 0.06654145568609238, -0.03145989403128624, -0.03616786748170853, -0.018984...
increases\twith\tage,\tmaking\tthe\nelderly\tparticularly\tvulnerable\tto\tHF.\tAnother\tlarge\tcohort\tstudy\tof\tolder\tadults\t(70\tto\t79\tyears\told)\nshowed\tthat\twaist\tcircumference\tand\tpercentage\tof\tbody\tfat\twere\tthe\tstrongest\tpredictors\tof\twho\nwould\tdevelop\tHF\t(\nNicklas\tet\tal,\t2006\n).\tA\...
[ 0.019176049157977104, -0.06595399975776672, 0.0419442281126976, -0.057681962847709656, -0.0839017927646637, -0.009700283408164978, 0.08056112378835678, 0.041553281247615814, 0.03199000284075737, 0.07799634337425232, 0.06191486120223999, -0.011030981317162514, 0.08065753430128098, 0.0385297...
).\tA\trecent\tstudy\tof\telderly\tindividuals\twith\tHF\tfound\ta\tstrong\nassociation\tbetween\tvitamin\tD\tdeficiency\tand\tHF\trisk\t(\nPorto,\t2018\n).\tData\tfrom\tthe\tMulti-ethnic\nStudy\tof\tAtherosclerosis\t(also\tknown\tas\tMESA)\tconcluded\tthat\thigh\tEPA\tblood\tlevels\twere\nsignificantly\tinversely\tcor...
[ 0.021978046745061874, -0.04220475256443024, 0.07331614196300507, -0.03215983510017395, -0.1252356618642807, -0.019193360581994057, 0.08312733471393585, -0.03369932994246483, -0.013908414170145988, 0.054641760885715485, 0.13688240945339203, -0.07011718302965164, 0.011399753391742706, -0.016...
significantly\tinversely\tcorrelated\twith\trisk\tof\tHF\t(\nBlock,\t2019\n).\tNumerous\tchanges\tin\tcardiovascular\nstructure\tand\tfunction\talso\tplace\tthe\telderly\tat\thigh\trisk\tfor\tdeveloping\tHF\t(see\t\nBox\t32.7\n).\nPrevention\nBecause\tlong-term\tsurvival\trates\tfor\tpersons\twith\tHF\tare\tlow,\tpreve...
[ 0.01710110530257225, -0.015784747898578644, 0.07599575817584991, -0.06768210232257843, -0.08890258520841599, -0.009056249633431435, 0.06686580181121826, 0.03076593391597271, 0.011150269769132137, 0.08606985211372375, 0.08810460567474365, -0.029870530590415, -0.0066261328756809235, 0.021531...
is\tcritical.\tHF\tis\ncategorized\tinto\tfour\tstages\tranging\tfrom\tpersons\twith\trisk\tfactors\t(stage\tA—primary\tprevention)\tto\npersons\twith\tadvanced\tHF\t(stage\tD—severe\tdisease).\tFor\tstages\tA\tand\tB\tthe\taggressive\ttreatment\tof\nunderlying\trisk\tfactors\tand\tdiseases\tsuch\tas\tdyslipidemia,\thy...
[ 0.03592122346162796, -0.020789971575140953, 0.043404292315244675, -0.03965277224779129, -0.06738849729299545, 0.02546846494078636, 0.06427428126335144, 0.07589777559041977, -0.009698577225208282, 0.06909758597612381, 0.09008803963661194, -0.03292413800954819, 0.01940017193555832, 0.0379063...
prevent\tstructural\tdamage\tto\tthe\tmyocardium\tand\tthe\tappearance\tof\tHF\tsymptoms.\n\tSuch\tprevention\nhas\tbeen\tvery\teffective.\tEven\tpatients\twho\texperience\tan\tMI\tcan\treduce\tthe\trisk\tof\tHF\twith\nantihypertensive\ttherapy.\tPatients\tare\toften\tasymptomatic\tduring\tthese\ttwo\tstages.
[ 0.006246235687285662, 0.013274487107992172, 0.06299734860658646, -0.006899944506585598, -0.07421959191560745, 0.006182284560054541, 0.08736404776573181, 0.014822755008935928, -0.008525723591446877, 0.01672789826989174, 0.0879269689321518, -0.028334645554423332, 0.04228923097252846, 0.05392...
For\tstages\tC\tand\tD,\tsecondary\tprevention\tstrategies\tto\tprevent\tfurther\tcardiac\tdysfunction\tare\nwarranted.\tThese\tstrategies\tinclude\tthe\tuse\tof\tACE\tinhibitors\t(first\tline\tof\ttherapy),\tARBs,\naldosterone\tblockers,\n\tbeta-blockers,\tand\tdigoxin.\tEarly\tdetection,\tcorrection\tof\tasymptomatic...
[ -0.04426206275820732, -0.07734144479036331, 0.0541607029736042, -0.03665323927998543, -0.07825624197721481, -0.027249515056610107, 0.09344029426574707, 0.042932216078042984, -0.011706304736435413, 0.059422943741083145, 0.06913747638463974, -0.05680938437581062, 0.009387270547449589, 0.0382...
ventricular\tdysfunction,\tand\taggressive\tmanagement\tof\trisk\tfactors\tare\tneeded\tto\tlower\tthe\nincidence\tand\tmortality\tof\tHF.\nMedical\tmanagement\nTherapy\trecommendations\tcorrespond\tto\tthe\tstage\tof\tHF.\tFor\tpatients\tat\thigh\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\tHF\n(stage\tA),\ttreatment\tof\tthe\tunderlying\t...
[ 0.0216213446110487, -0.03425148129463196, 0.023930687457323074, -0.048643603920936584, -0.07124940305948257, -0.016657162457704544, 0.013859410770237446, 0.065143883228302, 0.002403235761448741, -0.006569424644112587, 0.0440635159611702, 0.0016015840228646994, 0.039665982127189636, 0.01940...
thyroid\tdisorders,\narrhythmias),\tavoidance\tof\thigh-risk\tbehaviors\t(tobacco,\texcessive\talcohol,\tillicit\tdrug\tuse),\tand\nlifestyle\tchanges\t(weight\treduction,\texercise,\treduction\tof\tsodium\tintake,\theart-healthy\tdiet)\tare\nrecommended.\tAll\tthese\trecommendations\tare\tcarried\tthrough\tthe\tother\...
[ 0.00489853834733367, -0.0526936873793602, 0.0513768345117569, 0.027332788333296776, -0.045536961406469345, 0.022841863334178925, 0.08104264736175537, 0.033320795744657516, -0.07937875390052795, 0.032730940729379654, 0.08286166191101074, -0.05553632974624634, -0.006015049293637276, -0.03051...
implantable\tdefibrillator,\twhich\tshocks\tthe\theart\twhen\tit\tstops,\tcan\tbe\tplaced\tin\tpatients\n\tat\trisk\tof\nsudden\tdeath.\tPharmacologic\ttreatment\tof\tHF\tis\tthe\thallmark\tof\ttherapy\twith\tprogressive\tstages.\nThe\tlast\tstage\talso\tincludes\tsurgically\timplanted\tventricular-assist\tdevices,\the...
[ -0.012822499498724937, -0.04882514476776123, 0.06639670580625534, -0.044473472982645035, -0.1273670494556427, -0.007920867763459682, 0.08898486942052841, 0.04372745007276535, -0.015382749028503895, 0.048496395349502563, 0.10456240922212601, -0.023706814274191856, 0.054415974766016006, 0.04...
and\tcontinual\tintravenous\ttherapy.\nThe\tshort-term\tgoals\tfor\tthe\ttreatment\tof\tHF\tare\tto\trelieve\tsymptoms,\timprove\tthe\tquality\tof\tlife,\nand\treduce\tdepression\tif\tit\tis\tpresent.\tThe\tlong-term\n\tgoal\tof\ttreatment\tis\tto\tprolong\tlife\tby\tlessening,\nstopping,\tor\treversing\tleft\tventricu...
[ 0.02934170328080654, -0.04689127579331398, 0.05872081220149994, -0.005079206079244614, -0.1140170693397522, 0.011748069897294044, 0.05355691909790039, 0.008352279663085938, 0.009429595433175564, 0.05969644710421562, 0.07951299846172333, -0.0015008082846179605, 0.023787736892700195, 0.03360...
hemodynamic\tprofiles\twith\tevidence\tof\thypoperfusion\tand\tcongestion.\tIn\tsome\tcases,\tsurgical\nprocedures\tare\tneeded\tto\talleviate\tthe\tHF\tcaused\tby\tvalvular\tdisease;\tmedical\tmanagement\tis\nlimited\tin\tthese\tinstances.\nStandard\tfluid\trestrictions\tare\n\tto\tlimit\ttotal\tfluid\tintake\tto\t2\t...
[ 0.01177973859012127, -0.008910147473216057, 0.039001770317554474, -0.03614560514688492, -0.07009091228246689, -0.016765732318162918, 0.04712167754769325, 0.09639263898134232, 0.022891510277986526, 0.0005231320392340422, 0.0526609793305397, 0.0030958133284002542, 0.03894757106900215, 0.0359...
severely\tdecompensated,\ta\tmore\trestrictive\tfluid\tintake\t(1000\tto\t1500\tmL\tdaily)\tmay\tbe\twarranted\nfor\tadequate\tdiuresis.\tA\tsodium-restricted\tdiet\tshould\tbe\tmaintained\tdespite\tlow-sodium\tblood\tlevels\nbecause\tin\tthis\tcase\tthe\tsodium\thas\tshifted\tfrom\tthe\tblood\tto\tthe\ttissues.\tSerum...
[ -0.0075965928845107555, -0.059443213045597076, 0.04715773090720177, -0.024614207446575165, -0.05858316272497177, -0.04811767116189003, 0.07321961969137192, 0.07497858256101608, -0.06002457067370415, -0.02516184002161026, 0.08756937831640244, -0.024573655799031258, 0.06479094922542572, 0.05...
in\ta\tpatient\twho\tis\tfluid\toverloaded\n\tbecause\tof\tdilution;\tdiuresis\timproves\tthe\tlevels\tby\tdecreasing\nthe\tamount\tof\twater\tin\tthe\tvascular\tspace.\nAn\tACE\tinhibitor\tis\tthe\tfirst\tline\tof\tpharmacologic\ttreatment\tfor\tHF.\tAs\tthe\tstages\tprogress,\ta\tbeta-\nblocker\tor\tangiotensin\trece...
[ 0.007783180568367243, -0.04892605543136597, 0.03997812792658806, -0.024478953331708908, -0.10258524119853973, -0.012600052170455456, 0.08684461563825607, 0.0327821709215641, 0.02980460599064827, 0.015688784420490265, 0.07579821348190308, -0.0009886820334941149, 0.06855794787406921, 0.05334...
take\ta\tdiuretic,\taldosterone\tantagonists,\tdigitalis,\tand\tvasodilators\t(e.g.,\thydralazine).\n\tBasically\tthese\nmedications\treduce\texcess\tfluid,\tdilate\tblood\tvessels,\tand\tincrease\tthe\tstrength\tof\tthe\theart’s\ncontraction.\tSeveral\tof\tthese\tmedications\thave\tneurohormonal\tbenefits\talong\twith...
[ 0.02051212266087532, -0.06561179459095001, 0.043920524418354034, -0.07489713281393051, -0.03622860461473465, -0.02518954686820507, 0.08485668152570724, 0.06654500216245651, -0.007444868795573711, 0.06289595365524292, 0.11014045029878616, -0.016081763431429863, 0.0349186472594738, 0.0595146...
mechanism\tof\taction.\tFor\texample,\tACE\tinhibitors\t(e.g.,\tcaptopril,\tenalapril)\tnot\tonly\tinhibit\tthe\tRAS\nbut\talso\timprove\tsymptoms,\tquality\tof\tlife,\texercise\ttolerance,\tand\tsurvival.\tSimilarly,\n\tspironolactone\nhas\tdiuretic\tand\taldosterone-blocking\tfunctions\tthat\tresult\tin\treduced\tmor...
[ -0.036309968680143356, -0.05131734907627106, 0.012959916144609451, -0.028482407331466675, -0.11851677298545837, -0.01464271079748869, 0.06821800023317337, 0.06262168288230896, 0.019610358402132988, 0.06397965550422668, 0.0784856453537941, -0.039332952350378036, 0.024920204654335976, 0.0452...
patients.\tMost\tof\tthese\tmedications\tcan\taffect\tnutrition\tstatus\t(see\t\nChapter\t8\n).
[ -0.00044302086462266743, -0.03585624694824219, -0.011355818249285221, -0.03585995361208916, -0.11046429723501205, 0.000048227426304947585, 0.09922316670417786, 0.09953135251998901, 0.028641177341341972, 0.01861102133989334, 0.08513204008340836, 0.00029044103575870395, 0.010291719809174538, ...
Medical\tnutrition\ttherapy\nThe\tRDN\tprovides\tMNT,\twhich\tincludes\tassessment,\ta\tnutrition\tdiagnosis,\tand\tinterventions\n(education,\tcounseling).\tAs\tpart\tof\ta\tmultidisciplinary\tteam\t(physician,\tpharmacist,\n\tpsychologist,\nnurse,\tand\tsocial\tworker),\tthe\tRDN\tpositively\taffects\tpatient\toutcom...
[ 0.05181427672505379, -0.029395289719104767, 0.04958740621805191, -0.027008019387722015, -0.13288889825344086, -0.020460421219468117, 0.057118747383356094, 0.03759298846125603, -0.018275504931807518, 0.007191465236246586, 0.08465408533811569, -0.003906824626028538, -0.022619787603616714, 0....
hospital,\tfewer\tdays\tin\tthe\thospital,\timproved\tcompliance\twith\trestricted\tsodium\tand\tfluid\tintakes,\nand\timproved\tquality\tof\tlife\tscores\tare\tthe\tgoals\tin\tHF\tpatients.\nNutrition\tscreening\tfor\tHF\tin\tolder\tadults\tcan\thelp\tprevent\tdisease\tprogression\tand\timprove\ndisease\tmanagement,\t...
[ -0.012951272539794445, -0.0016330721555277705, 0.04901023954153061, -0.006380259059369564, -0.08807703852653503, 0.007130772341042757, 0.0900021567940712, 0.02474038116633892, 0.009167540818452835, 0.012253537774085999, 0.08112907409667969, -0.030353963375091553, 0.04756403714418411, 0.022...
disease\tmanagement,\toverall\n\thealth,\tand\tquality-of-life\toutcomes.\tThe\tfirst\tstep\tin\tscreening\tis\ndetermination\tof\tbody\tweight.\tAltered\tfluid\tbalance\tcomplicates\tassessment\tof\tbody\tweight\tin\tthe\npatient\twith\tHF.\tWeights\tshould\tbe\ttaken\tbefore\teating\tand\tafter\tvoiding\tat\tthe\tsam...
[ 0.02272866666316986, -0.033476345241069794, 0.06429161876440048, -0.002451301086694002, -0.08479432016611099, 0.0071143195964396, 0.10117960721254349, 0.018425947055220604, -0.04194800183176994, 0.07222399860620499, 0.09950485825538635, -0.040499333292245865, 0.04041330888867378, 0.0397820...
A\tdry\tweight\t(weight\twithout\tedema)\tshould\tbe\tdetermined\ton\tthe\tscale\tat\thome.\tPatients\tshould\nrecord\tdaily\tweights\tand\tadvise\ttheir\n\tcare\tproviders\tif\tweight\tgain\texceeds\tmore\tthan\t1\tlb\ta\tday\tfor\npatients\twith\tsevere\tHF,\tmore\tthan\t2\tlb\ta\tday\tfor\tpatients\twith\tmoderate\t...
[ -0.0171511247754097, -0.017931099981069565, 0.05103030428290367, 0.008850989863276482, -0.10287315398454666, -0.0044640409760177135, 0.07198847830295563, -0.006107479799538851, -0.012017577886581421, 0.01183773297816515, 0.10671404004096985, -0.028777459636330605, 0.06688477098941803, 0.02...
with\tmild\tHF.\tRestricting\tsodium\tand\tfluids\talong\twith\tdiuretic\ttherapy\tis\trecommended\tto\trestore\nfluid\tbalance.\nDietary\tassessments\tin\tHF\tpatients\treveal\tthat\tmore\tthan\thalf\thave\tmalnutrition,\tusually\trelated\tto\nthe\tcardiac\tcachexia\n\tmentioned\tearlier.\tNegative\tenergy\tbalance\ta...
[ 0.03205972537398338, -0.05693558603525162, 0.012346558272838593, -0.02471068874001503, -0.1368362009525299, -0.030064022168517113, 0.10987624526023865, 0.061189696192741394, -0.040556974709033966, 0.029944006353616714, 0.1047188937664032, -0.0037576856557279825, 0.012818191200494766, 0.054...
be\tnoted.\tIn\toverweight\tpatients,\tcaloric\treduction\tmust\tbe\tmonitored\tcarefully\tto\tavoid\texcessive\nand\trapid\tbody\tprotein\tcatabolism.\tNutrition\teducation\tto\tpromote\tbehavior\tchange\tis\ta\tcritical\ncomponent\tof\tMNT.\tThe\tbenefits\tof\tMNT\tshould\tbe\tcommunicated\tto\tpatients.\nThe\ttotal\...
[ 0.02832336723804474, -0.03773433715105057, 0.06204628944396973, -0.000024573075279477052, -0.13405555486679077, -0.012642726302146912, 0.08286221325397491, -0.004245095420628786, -0.02392396330833435, 0.0007146738353185356, 0.08242638409137726, -0.031043853610754013, 0.032804764807224274, ...
The\ttotal\tdiet\tmust\tbe\taddressed\tin\tpatients\twith\n\tHF\tbecause\tunderlying\trisk\tfactors\tare\toften\npresent;\tdietary\tchanges\tto\tmodify\tthese\trisk\tfactors\tare\tan\timportant\tcomponent\tof\tMNT.\tFor\ndyslipidemia\tor\tatherosclerosis,\ta\theart-healthy\tdiet\tlow\tin\tSFAs,\ttrans\tfatty\tacids,\ta...
[ -0.031134415417909622, -0.053304869681596756, 0.03658859431743622, 0.002842107554897666, -0.11016857624053955, -0.011352906003594398, 0.09126551449298859, 0.03947818651795387, -0.024679608643054962, 0.0013213378842920065, 0.10777382552623749, -0.013708950020372868, 0.04351726919412613, -0....
and\thigh\tin\tfiber,\twhole\tgrains,\tfruits,\tand\tvegetables\tis\trecommended.\tFor\tpersons\twith\nhypertension,\tthe\tDASH\tdiet\tis\trecommended.\tBoth\tof\tthese\tdietary\tpatterns\n\temphasize\tlower-\nsodium\tfoods\tand\thigher\tintake\tof\tpotassium.\tTotal\tenergy\texpenditure\tis\thigher\tin\tHF\tpatients
[ 0.03502274304628372, -0.045167841017246246, 0.054929036647081375, -0.01713605225086212, -0.08529848605394363, -0.019864536821842194, 0.11309973895549774, 0.024018030613660812, -0.04918907955288887, 0.043660905212163925, 0.08080831915140152, -0.012064341455698013, 0.05084901303052902, 0.003...
because\tof\tthe\tcatabolic\tstate;\tadequate\tprotein\tand\tenergy\tshould\tbe\tprovided\t(\nAcademy\tof\nNutrition\tand\tDietetics,\tEvidence\tAnalysis\tLibrary,\t2017\n).\nSalt\trestriction\nExcessive\tsodium\tintake\tis\tassociated\twith\tfluid\tretention\tand\t\nedema\n.\tA\t2-g\tsodium\trestriction\tis\nregularly...
[ 0.003911284264177084, -0.10028979927301407, 0.07446449249982834, -0.017264632508158684, 0.016377951949834824, 0.0035798216704279184, 0.09934589266777039, 0.0647897869348526, 0.04869585484266281, 0.08100318163633347, 0.062599316239357, -0.040347591042518616, -0.0028865383937954903, 0.059866...
edema\n.\tA\t2-g\tsodium\trestriction\tis\nregularly\tprescribed\n\tfor\tpatients\twith\tHF.\tThe\tAND\t(2012)\tEAL\trecommends\ta\t2-g\tsodium\trestriction\nbut\tnotes\tthat\tthe\tevidence\tfor\tthis\trecommendation\tis\tonly\t“fair.”\tThe\tHeart\tFailure\tSociety\tof\nAmerica\trecommends\t2\tto\t3\tg\tof\tsodium\tdai...
[ -0.03478250652551651, -0.018381929025053978, 0.07789992541074753, -0.00558363227173686, -0.05491531640291214, -0.018662886694073677, 0.0660637840628624, 0.024248497560620308, 0.003171281423419714, 0.03679352626204491, 0.07154255360364914, -0.0011326809180900455, 0.009881310164928436, -0.00...
recommendation\tis\tfor\t2\tg\t(\nGupta\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tThe\tupdated\tAHA\trecommendation\tis\tfor\t“moderate”\nsodium\trestriction.\t\nTable\t32.7\n\tsummarizes\n\tthe\trecommendations\tfrom\tmultiple\torganizations.\tThe\ninconsistencies\tin\tthe\tdifferent\torganizations\tare\tdue\tto\tthe\tweak\tdatabase\tof\ts...
[ 0.009516707621514797, -0.041514016687870026, 0.010284806601703167, -0.0175781287252903, -0.06139310449361801, 0.010811497457325459, 0.08400999754667282, 0.012105809524655342, -0.06873864680528641, 0.027684852480888367, 0.07367247343063354, 0.011265522800385952, 0.05036577209830284, 0.01895...
small\tsample\tsizes\tand\tmany\twere\tnot\trandomized\ttrials.\tThree\tof\tthe\tlarger\tstudies\tthat\twere\nrandomized\thad\tconsistent\tresults\tbut\tshowed\tthat\tsodium\trestriction\twas\tassociated\twith\tworse\noutcome\t(\nGupta\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tIt\tis\thypothesized\tthat\tthis\n\teffect\tmay\tbe\trelated\tto...
[ 0.06143036484718323, -0.019018247723579407, 0.10910578817129135, -0.022367997094988823, -0.08100783079862595, 0.037981171160936356, 0.06701906025409698, -0.018266092985868454, -0.002914279466494918, 0.09414973855018616, 0.09061818569898605, -0.009885909967124462, 0.026939203962683678, -0.0...
effect\tmay\tbe\trelated\tto\tneurohormones\nincluding\taldosterone,\tnorepinephrine,\tand\tangiotensin\tII,\tall\tof\twhich\tincreased\twith\tdietary\nrestriction.\tThese\thormones\tact\tto\tconserve\tfluid,\tthus\ttrying\tto\trestore\tblood\tflow.\tAldosterone\npromotes\tsodium\treabsorption,\tand\tvasopressin\tpromo...
[ 0.018816834315657616, -0.07623692601919174, 0.037886522710323334, -0.002312934957444668, -0.02974671684205532, 0.03908812254667282, 0.04737598076462746, 0.08943059295415878, 0.013239122927188873, 0.035466741770505905, 0.08864089101552963, -0.009525866247713566, 0.04439757391810417, 0.04118...
the\tnephron.\tThis\tcomplex\tbalance\tis\tfurther\tcomplicated\tby\tthe\tmedications\n\tused\tfor\tHF.
[ 0.025144299492239952, 0.0005582681042142212, 0.03205889090895653, -0.020692039281129837, -0.07526818662881851, 0.05677447095513344, 0.09653479605913162, -0.05123189091682434, 0.08584289997816086, 0.05151064693927765, 0.06174027919769287, -0.023113533854484558, 0.034266967326402664, -0.0052...
TABLE\t32.7\nDietary\tSodium\tIntake\tin\tHeart\tFailure\nGuideline\nYear\nSodium/Fluid\tRestriction\nRecommendations\nLevel\tof\nEvidence\nNational\tHeart\tFoundation\tof\nAustralia/Cardiac\tSociety\tof\nAustralia\tand\tNew\tZealand\n2006\n<3\tg/day\tfor\tNYHA\tclass\tII\twithout\tperipheral\nedema/<2\tg/day\tfor\tNYH...
[ 0.03068300522863865, 0.000914057600311935, 0.04805637523531914, 0.0376877523958683, -0.05817153677344322, -0.017276501283049583, 0.023408405482769012, 0.0348418764770031, -0.04501798376441002, -0.026321860030293465, 0.041958171874284744, -0.0630871132016182, 0.024346936494112015, 0.0555149...
C\n<2\tL/day\tfor\tall\tpatients\tand\t<1.5\tL/day\tduring\nfluid\tretention\tepisodes\nHeart\tFailure\tSociety,\tIndia\n2007\n<2\tg/day\nNot\tstated\n<2\tL/day\nEuropean\tSociety\tof\tCardiology\n2008\nModerate\trestriction\t1.5-2\tL/day\tin\tpatients\twith\nsevere\tsymptoms\tand\tespecially\twith\nhyponatremia\nC\nCa...
[ 0.028635958209633827, 0.017814699560403824, 0.059940531849861145, 0.03897609934210777, -0.09809146821498871, -0.012736501172184944, 0.06426353752613068, 0.07273042947053909, -0.07089242339134216, -0.003532671369612217, 0.07930369675159454, -0.06936240196228027, 0.013767541386187077, 0.0661...
C\nCanadian\tCardiovascular\tSociety\n2008\n<2\tg/day\nNot\tstated\n2\tL/day\nAmerican\tCollege\tof\nCardiology/American\tHeart\nAssociation\n2009\nModerate\trestriction\t(≤2\tg/day\tif\tvolume\noverload,\tfollowed\tby\tfluid\tintake\trestriction\nto\t2\tL/day\tif\tfluid\tretention\n\tpersists)\nC\nRoyal\tCollege\tof\t...
[ 0.02917439118027687, -0.032967861741781235, 0.05394475907087326, 0.010781222023069859, -0.08133750408887863, -0.020972000434994698, 0.012920518405735493, -0.03068600408732891, -0.02527235820889473, 0.06502866744995117, 0.10245287418365479, -0.11214607954025269, -0.0260453000664711, 0.04581...
2010\nSalt\treduction\nFluid\trestriction\nLimited;\nfurther\nresearch\nrequired\nHeart\tFailure\tSociety\tof\tAmerica\n2010\n2-3\tg/day;\t<2\tg/day\tmay\tbe\tconsidered\tin\nmoderate\tto\tsevere\theart\tfailure\nC\n<2\tL/day,\tif\tfluid\tretention\tpersists\tand\tif\tsevere\nhyponatremia\t(serum\tNa\t<130\tmEq/L)\tis\...
[ -0.0054778470657765865, -0.015654277056455612, 0.07078991830348969, -0.005945104174315929, -0.04614425450563431, 0.004916816018521786, 0.027187660336494446, 0.04686553776264191, -0.08498384058475494, 0.025940483435988426, 0.09666910022497177, -0.05119733139872551, -0.007458907086402178, 0....
present\nScottish\tIntercollegiate\tGuidelines\nNetwork\n2010\n<2.4\tg/day\n\ttailored\tfluid\trestriction\n1+\nAmerican\tDietetic\tAssociation\n2011\n<2\tg/day\t1.4-1.9\tL/day\tdepending\ton\tclinical\nsymptoms\nFair\nLevel\tof\tEvidence:\t\nC\n,\tLimited\tpopulations\tevaluated.\tOnly\tconsensus\topinion\tof\texperts...
[ -0.005917064379900694, 0.006299949716776609, 0.04768872633576393, -0.012261423282325268, -0.09260077029466629, -0.007898237556219101, 0.04540254920721054, 0.010504459030926228, -0.02175912819802761, 0.06654271483421326, 0.04887573421001434, -0.06982699781656265, 0.05009959638118744, 0.0236...
Fair\n,\tBenefits\texceed\tthe\nharms\tbut\tquality\tof\tevidence\tis\tnot\tas\tstrong;\t\n1\n+,\twell-conducted\tmeta-analysis,\tsystemic\treviews,\tor\trandomized\tcontrolled\n\ttrials\twith\tlow\trisk\tof\nbias.\nNYHA\n,\tNew\tYork\tHeart\tAssociation.\nFrom\tAmerican\tHeart\tAssociation:\t\nContemporary\treviews\ti...
[ -0.008951581083238125, -0.04893820360302925, 0.02148132212460041, -0.033713966608047485, -0.062433164566755295, -0.0049667963758111, 0.046294305473566055, 0.030429374426603317, 0.019240792840719223, 0.11803004890680313, 0.09132154285907745, -0.043541599065065384, 0.0006407113978639245, 0.0...
Contemporary\treviews\tin\tcardiovascular\tmedicine\n\t(website).\nhttp://circ.ahajournals.org/content/126/4/479/T1.expansion.html\n,\t2015.\nPatient\tcompliance\twith\tsodium\trestriction\tof\t2\tg/day\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\tbe\tpoor.\tThis\tcan\tlead\tto\ngenerally\tinadequate\tnutritional\tintake\tthat\tmay\tbe\ta\t...
[ -0.006136038806289434, -0.023451734334230423, 0.05318567529320717, -0.005901343189179897, -0.10170864313840866, -0.016550583764910698, 0.07360932976007462, 0.04728289321064949, 0.012972284108400345, 0.048591021448373795, 0.10602299869060516, -0.025472503155469894, 0.023175576701760292, 0.0...
factor\tto\tpoor\toutcomes\nassociated\twith\tsodium\trestriction.\tA\tone-size-fits-all\tsodium\trestriction\tis\tnot\tpossible.\tThe\tHF\nstage,\tamount\tof\tedema\tpresent,\toverall\tnutritional\tstatus,\tand\tmedications\tmust\tbe\ttaken\tinto\nconsideration.\tThere\tis\tconsensus\tthat\thigh\tsodium\tintake\t(abov...
[ 0.054550886154174805, -0.034123051911592484, 0.0687338262796402, 0.019624968990683556, -0.0580541267991066, -0.002206366276368499, 0.09705227613449097, 0.039016954600811005, -0.07948904484510422, 0.054159410297870636, 0.09126032143831253, -0.03191389888525009, 0.028757648542523384, 0.01965...
The\tdegree\tof\trestriction\tdepends\ton\tthe\tindividual\t(see\t\nFocus\tOn:\n\tSodium\tand\tSalt\tMeasurement\nEquivalents\n).\n\t\nFOCUS\tON\nSodium\tand\tSalt\tMeasurement\tEquivalents\nSodium\tchloride\tis\tapproximately\t40%\t(39.3%)\tsodium\tand\t60%\tchloride.\tTo\tconvert\ta\tspecified
[ -0.004757237154990435, -0.06705563515424728, 0.025015853345394135, 0.004083100240677595, -0.06542016565799713, -0.028626032173633575, 0.09693624824285507, 0.0498831607401371, 0.012540816329419613, 0.037039127200841904, 0.08803049474954605, -0.07089801132678986, -0.0003531079273670912, 0.05...
weight\tof\tsodium\tchloride\tto\tits\tsodium\tequivalent,\tmultiply\tthe\tweight\tby\t0.393.\tSodium\talso\tis\nmeasured\tin\tmilliequivalents\t(mEq).\tTo\tconvert\tmilligrams\tof\tsodium\tto\tmEq,\n\tdivide\tby\tthe\tatomic\nweight\tof\t23.\tTo\tconvert\tsodium\tto\tsodium\tchloride\t(salt),\tmultiply\tby\t2.54.\tMil...
[ -0.05964783951640129, -0.08045271039009094, 0.004934038035571575, 0.06835474818944931, -0.03893234208226204, -0.05588942766189575, 0.08365093916654587, 0.04662378504872322, -0.03861337900161743, -0.00949264969676733, 0.04317261651158333, -0.10164234042167664, 0.011267022229731083, 0.041759...
milliequivalents\t(mEq)\tof\tsodium\tare\tthe\tsame.\tFor\texample:\n1\ttsp\tof\tsalt\t=\tapproximately\t6\tg\tNaCl\t=\t6096\tmg\tNaCl\n6096\tmg\tNaCl\t×\t0.393\t=\t2396\tmg\tNa\t(approximately\t2400\tmg)\n2396\tmg\tNa/23\t=\t104\tmEq\tNa\n1\tg\tNa\t=\t1000\tmg/23\t=\t43\tmEq\tor\tmmol\n1\ttsp\tof\tsalt\t=\t2400\tmg\to...
[ -0.07863481342792511, -0.042186420410871506, -0.005986450240015984, -0.06087108701467514, -0.08505542576313019, -0.08831929415464401, 0.08458261936903, 0.08949632197618484, -0.005099672824144363, -0.00878764595836401, 0.053060032427310944, -0.04506015032529831, 0.10938351601362228, 0.05587...
1\ttsp\tof\tsalt\t=\t2400\tmg\tor\t104\tmEq\n\tNa\nAdherence\tto\tsodium\trestrictions\tcan\tbe\tproblematic\tfor\tmany\tindividuals,\tand\tindividualized\ninstruction\tis\trecommended.\tEthnic\tdifferences\tin\tsodium\tconsumption\tmust\tbe\tconsidered.\tSome\ncultures\thave\ttraditional\tdiets\tthat\tare\tvery\thigh\...
[ 0.012233873829245567, -0.04058803990483284, 0.047041524201631546, -0.04038206487894058, -0.0913253128528595, -0.034215524792671204, 0.13005460798740387, -0.013897417113184929, -0.04676645249128342, 0.07458968460559845, 0.06880409270524979, -0.04002116993069649, 0.04666785150766373, 0.03067...
cases\tregional\tcooking,\tlike\tin\tsome\tareas\tin\tthe\tsouthern\tUnited\tStates,\tdepends\theavily\ton\tsalt.
[ 0.027662552893161774, -0.015068231150507927, 0.04829674959182739, -0.05033697560429573, -0.15625397861003876, -0.009527258574962616, 0.0899919793009758, 0.0023801347706466913, 0.004825083073228598, 0.037834372371435165, 0.06788813322782516, -0.04201716557145119, 0.05128965526819229, 0.0328...
Positive\toutcomes\t(i.e.,\tdecreased\turinary\tsodium\texcretion,\tless\tfatigue,\tless\tfrequent\tedema)\nhave\tbeen\tobserved\tin\tHF\tpatients\treceiving\tMNT.\tThe\ttype\tof\tsodium\trestriction\tprescribed\tshould\nbe\tthe\tleast\trestrictive\tdiet\tthat\twill\tachieve\tthe\tdesired\tresults.\tThe\tfirst\tstep\ti...
[ 0.020557943731546402, -0.0013634356437250972, 0.04641784355044365, -0.010480538941919804, -0.09379491955041885, 0.02767290733754635, 0.08933106809854507, 0.013344084843993187, 0.03383677452802658, 0.05479438230395317, 0.11681193113327026, -0.020972618833184242, 0.07483711838722229, 0.03736...
eliminate\tthe\tuse\tof\ttable\tsalt\tand\thigh-sodium\tfoods\t(\nBox\t32.8\n)\t(see\t\nAppendix\t46\n\tfor\tsodium\tcontent\nof\tfoods).\nBOX\t32.8\nTop\tTen\tCategories\tof\tHigh-Sodium\tFoods\n1.\t\nSmoked,\tprocessed,\tor\tcured\tmeats\tand\tfish\t(e.g.,\tham,\tbacon,\tcorned\tbeef,\tcold\tcuts,\thot\ndogs,\tsausag...
[ 0.017006831243634224, 0.0010269621852785349, 0.022600647062063217, -0.0290895476937294, -0.022128954529762268, -0.004444926977157593, 0.06956621259450912, -0.022648675367236137, -0.052559010684490204, -0.002035371959209442, 0.08484336733818054, -0.05420558527112007, 0.09600905328989029, -0...
2.\t\nTomato\tjuices\tand\ttomato\tsauce,\tunless\tlabeled\totherwise\n3.\t\nMeat\textracts,\tbouillon\tcubes,\tmeat\tsauces,\tMSG,\tand\ttaco\tseasoning\tand\tother\tpackaged\nseasonings\n4.\t\nSalted\tsnacks\t(potato\tchips,\ttortilla\tchips,\tcorn\tchips,\tpretzels,\tsalted\tnuts,\tpopcorn,\tand\ncrackers)\n5.
[ -0.013356481678783894, -0.04243719205260277, 0.015911396592855453, -0.03839338570833206, -0.10116888582706451, -0.0001809022796805948, 0.0765923336148262, -0.021384311839938164, -0.003926269710063934, 0.04937715455889702, 0.12579931318759918, -0.01575556956231594, 0.005481771193444729, -0....
crackers)\n5.\t\nPrepared\tsalad\tdressings,\tcondiments,\trelishes,\tketchup,\tWorcestershire\tsauce,\tbarbecue\nsauce,\tcocktail\tsauce,\tteriyaki\tsauce,\tsoy\tsauce,\tcommercial\tsalad\tdressings,\tsalsa,\tpickles,\nolives,\tand\tsauerkraut\n6.\t\nPackaged\tmixes\tfor\tsauces,\tgravies,\tcasseroles,\tand\tnoodle,\t...
[ -0.055532075464725494, -0.040696363896131516, 0.014667702838778496, 0.01823924481868744, -0.06621694564819336, 0.011884216219186783, 0.06649348139762878, -0.035148631781339645, -0.012743967585265636, 0.027596279978752136, 0.08529523015022278, -0.0306533332914114, 0.008404253982007504, -0.0...
or\tpotato\tdishes;\nmacaroni\tand\tcheese;\tstuffing\tmix\n7.\t\nCheeses\t(processed\tand\tcheese\tspreads)\n8.\t\nFrozen\tentrees\tand\tpot\tpies\n9.\t\nCanned\tsoup\n10.\t\nFoods\teaten\taway\tfrom\thome\nNote:\tReading\tlabels\tis\tmost\timportant;\tsome\tbrands\tare\tlower\tin\tsodium\tthan\tothers.\nMSG\n,\tMonos...
[ -0.02303823083639145, -0.04497121274471283, 0.033661454916000366, -0.030436547473073006, -0.03972030431032181, 0.022860046476125717, 0.09296718239784241, 0.027734888717532158, -0.005815648473799229, 0.018584446981549263, 0.07836011052131653, -0.03199838474392891, 0.025747425854206085, 0.02...
MSG\n,\tMonosodium\tglutamate.\nPoor\tadherence\tto\tlow-sodium\tdiets\toccurs\tin\tpart\tas\ta\tresult\tof\tlack\tof\tknowledge\tabout\tsodium\nand\n\tlower-sodium\tfood\tchoices\tby\tthe\tpatient,\tand\tperception\tthat\tthe\tdiet\tinterferes\twith\tthe\tsocial\naspects\tof\teating.\tLack\tof\tcooking\tskills\tor\tad...
[ -0.000872866774443537, -0.07211072742938995, 0.07465589046478271, -0.01363786868751049, -0.07484462857246399, 0.006816483568400145, 0.10934989899396896, 0.03503438085317612, -0.026340274140238762, 0.03508419543504715, 0.09941501915454865, -0.02127465419471264, 0.09509222954511642, 0.027923...
leads\tpatients\tto\teat\tpremade\tfoods\tthat\ttend\tto\tbe\thigh\tin\tsalt.\tMemory\tloss,\tsevere\tfatigue,\tand\neconomic\tissues\tare\tall\tchallenges\tto\tfollowing\ta\tlow-sodium\tdiet.\tIn\taddition,\tfood\tlabels,\talthough\ninformative,\tmay\tbe\thard\tfor\tmany\tpatients\tor\ttheir\tcaregivers\tto\tcomprehen...
[ -0.03924327343702316, -0.03622376173734665, 0.05814666673541069, -0.028614163398742676, -0.06856374442577362, -0.0065505243837833405, 0.04346775636076927, 0.026127206161618233, -0.05262481048703194, -0.021175360307097435, 0.10777375847101212, -0.008861425332725048, 0.052862707525491714, 0....
Box\t32.9\n).\nBOX\t32.9\nFood\tLabeling\tGuide\tfor\tSodium\nSodium-free\nLess\tthan\t5\tmg\tper\tstandard\tserving;\tcannot\tcontain\tany\tsodium\tchloride\nVery\tlow\tsodium\n35\tmg\tor\tless\tper\tstandard\tserving\nLow\tsodium\n140\tmg\tor\tless\tper\tstandard\tserving\nReduced\tsodium\nAt\tleast\t25%\tless\tsodiu...
[ -0.03744511306285858, -0.04393826425075531, 0.01496914867311716, 0.006277258973568678, 0.02000843733549118, -0.008483153767883778, 0.08587941527366638, 0.0024797827936708927, -0.06173219159245491, -0.00554294791072607, 0.07260703295469284, -0.04366487264633179, 0.031652357429265976, 0.0143...
the\tregular\tfood\nLight\tin\tsodium\n50%\tless\tsodium\tper\tstandard\tserving\tthan\tin\tthe\tregular\tfood\nUnsalted,\twithout\tadded\nsalt,\tor\tno\tsalt\tadded\nNo\tsalt\tadded\tduring\tprocessing;\tthe\tproduct\tit\tresembles\tis\tnormally\nprocessed\twith\tsalt\nLightly\tsalted\n50%\tless\tadded\tsodium\tthan\t...
[ -0.005891464184969664, -0.03709327429533005, 0.01124105229973793, -0.03988156467676163, -0.09410975128412247, -0.042985301464796066, 0.10527875274419785, 0.014035855419933796, -0.0076853083446621895, 0.0485081821680069, 0.12180466204881668, -0.03175348788499832, 0.04138815402984619, 0.0043...
low-sodium\tfood”\tif\tthat\tcriterion\tis\tnot\tmet\nhttps://www.labelcalc.com/nutrient-content-claims/low-sodium-nutrition-label-guidelines-for-your-food-\nproduct/\n.\nAlcohol\nIn\texcess,\talcohol\tcontributes\tto\tfluid\tintake\tand\traises\tblood\tpressure.\tMany\tcardiologists\nrecommend\tavoiding\talcohol.\tChr...
[ 0.012885850854218006, -0.07118621468544006, 0.02498280070722103, 0.004008569288998842, -0.04821890592575073, 0.00010249861952615902, 0.07100667804479599, 0.0410335399210453, -0.06535156816244125, -0.05429444462060928, 0.07909037917852402, -0.08900892734527588, 0.024146011099219322, -0.0080...
(\nMirijello,\t2017\n).\tAlthough\theavy\tdrinking\tshould\tbe\tdiscouraged,\tthere\tis\tno\tevidence\tto\tsupport\ntotal\tabstinence\tfrom\talcohol\t(\nAND,\t2012\n).\tQuantity,\tdrinking\tpatterns,\tand\tgenetic\tfactors\tinfluence\nthe\trelationship\tbetween\talcohol\tconsumption\tand\tHF\t(\nDjoussé\tand\tGaziano,\...
[ 0.030784066766500473, -0.05666875094175339, 0.06726909428834915, -0.023310963064432144, -0.10467509925365448, 0.03928076848387718, 0.07202494144439697, -0.044162847101688385, -0.02313731238245964, 0.012351986020803452, 0.10861533880233765, 0.004243717063218355, -0.00620367843657732, 0.0344...
Djoussé\tand\tGaziano,\t2008\n).\tIf\talcohol\tis\nconsumed,\tintake\tshould\tnot\texceed\tone\tdrink\tper\tday\tfor\twomen\tand\ttwo\tdrinks\tper\tday\tfor\tmen.\tA\ndrink\tis\tequivalent\tto\t1\toz\tof\talcohol\t(1\toz\tof\tdistilled\tliquor),\t5\toz\tof\twine,\tor\t12\toz\tof\tbeer.\nCaffeine\nUntil\trecently\tcaffe...
[ 0.0019153185421600938, -0.05293003469705582, 0.029401589184999466, -0.07162898033857346, -0.13132894039154053, 0.028497613966464996, 0.09143805503845215, -0.014374562539160252, 0.013136395253241062, 0.042378298938274384, 0.04952824488282204, 0.0019825994968414307, 0.030441490933299065, 0.0...
to\nirregular\theartbeats.\tHowever,\ta\tstudy\tin\tthe\tNetherlands\tsuggests\tthat\tmoderate\tintake\tof\teither\ntea\tor\tcoffee\treduces\tASCVD\trisk;\ttea\tactually\treduces\tASCVD\tdeaths\t(\nde\tKoning\tGans\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nResearchers\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tfollowed\t130,054\tmen\tand\twomen\tand\tfound\...
[ 0.0019284429727122188, -0.027025187388062477, 0.053105052560567856, -0.08949419856071472, -0.0758804902434349, 0.01772475801408291, 0.0441189706325531, -0.06828206032514572, -0.012518242001533508, 0.05160190165042877, 0.06033641844987869, -0.05231473222374916, 0.03611348569393158, -0.00567...
reported\tdrinking\tfour\tor\tmore\tcups\tof\tcoffee\teach\tday\thad\tan\t18%\tlower\trisk\tof\thospitalization\tfor\nheart\trhythm\n\tdisturbances.\tThose\twho\treported\tdrinking\tone\tto\tthree\tcups\teach\tday\thad\ta\t7%\nreduction\tin\trisk\t(\nKlatsky,\t2010\n).\tThe\tantioxidant\teffects\tof\tcoffee\tand\ttea\t...
[ -0.018992317840456963, -0.004099606536328793, -0.0016682109562680125, -0.031464025378227234, -0.06454050540924072, 0.02565077506005764, 0.08597719669342041, -0.009180614724755287, -0.025708060711622238, 0.04504956305027008, 0.09907546639442444, 0.0021506210323423147, 0.05514561012387276, 0...
).\tThe\tantioxidant\teffects\tof\tcoffee\tand\ttea\tmay\tbe\tbeneficial.\tA\nrecently\tpublished\trandomized\ttrial\tconcluded\tthat\ta\thigh\tdose\tof\tcaffeine\tdid\tnot\tinduce\narrhythmias\tin\tpatients\twith\tsystolic\tHF\t(\nZuchinali,\t2016\n).\nCalcium\nPatients\twith\tHF\tare\tat\tincreased\trisk\tof\tdevelop...
[ 0.009305588901042938, -0.04314999282360077, 0.03584479168057442, 0.03873620927333832, -0.08054064214229584, 0.013580637983977795, 0.08732516318559647, 0.03091670200228691, -0.03107324242591858, 0.030234795063734055, 0.07530452311038971, -0.005280467681586742, 0.0416184701025486, 0.00779441...
because\tof\tlow\tactivity\tlevels,\nimpaired\trenal\tfunction,\tand\tprescription\tdrugs\tthat\talter\tcalcium\tmetabolism\t(\nZittermann\tet\tal,\n2006\n).\tCachectic\tHF\tpatients\thave\tlower\tbone\tmineral\tdensity\tand\tlower\tcalcium\tlevels\tthan\tHF\npatients\twithout\tcachexia\t(\nAnker\tet\tal,\t2006\n).\tCa...
[ 0.043006762862205505, -0.026923635974526405, 0.05706882104277611, -0.04789375513792038, -0.06581553816795349, 0.024446461349725723, 0.08840623497962952, 0.07598133385181427, 0.07769044488668442, 0.047099482268095016, 0.06190863996744156, 0.0014167276676744223, 0.07466419041156769, 0.044579...
Anker\tet\tal,\t2006\n).\tCaution\tmust\tbe\tused\twith\tcalcium\tsupplements\nbecause\tthey\thave\tbeen\tshown\tto\tbe\tassociated\twith\tadverse\toutcomes\t(\nDrozd\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nL-arginine\nIn\tpatients\twith\tHF,\tdecreased\texercise\tcapacity\tmay\tbe\tin\tpart\tdue\tto\treduced\tperipheral\tblood\tflow
[ -0.020705878734588623, -0.031902577728033066, 0.05592483654618263, -0.029625533148646355, -0.147084042429924, 0.004021665547043085, 0.1069505363702774, 0.021019043400883675, 0.030380304902791977, 0.012500269338488579, 0.08637689054012299, -0.016557684168219566, 0.06298569589853287, 0.00448...
related\tto\timpairment\tof\tendothelium-dependent\tvasodilation.\tl-Arginine\tis\tconverted\tto\tNO,\tan\nendothelium-derived\trelaxing\tfactor.\tAt\tleast\tfour\tstudies\thave\tshown\tsome\tbenefit\twith\nsupplementation.\tThe\tstudies\twere\tsmall,\tand\tmore\tresearch\tis\tneeded\tto\testablish\tclear\nrecommendati...
[ -0.03163066506385803, -0.08382359892129898, 0.00182806805241853, 0.004827809985727072, -0.08315587043762207, 0.035452958196401596, 0.025959573686122894, 0.050262726843357086, -0.003578560659661889, 0.06017555296421051, 0.11883275955915451, 0.014682460576295853, -0.004794581327587366, 0.070...
Coenzyme\tQ\n10\nSome\tstudies\ton\tthe\tuse\tof\tcoenzyme\tQ\n10\n\t(CoQ\n10\n)\tsupplementation\tin\tHF\tpatients\tshowed\tpositive\noutcome.\tOutcomes\tincluded\tsignificantly\timproved\texercise\ttolerance,\tdecreased\tsymptoms,\tand\nimproved\tquality\tof\tlife.\tCoQ\n10\n\tlevels\tare\tgenerally\tlow\tin\tHF\tpat...
[ -0.012102307751774788, -0.02689983695745468, 0.0353257842361927, -0.01301301084458828, -0.11132799088954926, 0.04808131977915764, 0.05437451973557472, 0.05570237338542938, -0.03118010424077511, 0.014296311885118484, 0.1022321805357933, -0.016843412071466446, 0.02786971814930439, 0.05884445...
can\tprevent\toxidative\tstress\tand\tfurther\tmyocardial\tdamage.\tA\tsystematic\treview\tof\t7\tstudies\n\tand\nover\t900\tpatients\ton\tthe\tuse\tof\tCoQ\n10\n\tin\tHF\tpatients\tconcluded\tthat\tthe\tstudies\twere\ttoo\tsmall\tand\ntoo\tdiverse\tin\tstudy\tdesign\tto\tdraw\tany\tuseful\tconclusions\t(\nMadmani\tet\...
[ -0.02647649683058262, -0.026979589834809303, 0.05044828727841377, -0.04053756594657898, -0.0832236260175705, 0.023625044152140617, 0.0842851772904396, 0.03164799138903618, -0.015841864049434662, 0.003507141023874283, 0.09964989870786667, 0.0016983936075121164, 0.03730437532067299, 0.050045...
Madmani\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tPatients\ton\tstatins\n(HMG-CoA\treductase\tinhibitors)\tmay\thave\ta\tdifferent\treason\tto\tconsider\tsupplementation.\tHMG-CoA\nreductase\tinhibitors\tare\ta\tclass\tof\tcholesterol-lowering\tdrugs\tthat\tare\tknown\tto\tinterfere\twith\nsynthesis\tof\tCoQ\n10\n.\nD-ribose
[ -0.10038148611783981, -0.06214263662695885, -0.0400044210255146, -0.06320679932832718, -0.06678371876478195, 0.009581194259226322, 0.016571538522839546, 0.08012155443429947, -0.016064150258898735, 0.0005864672129973769, 0.08605135232210159, -0.027439679950475693, 0.007388146128505468, 0.01...
synthesis\tof\tCoQ\n10\n.\nD-ribose\nD-ribose\tis\ta\tcomponent\tof\tadenosine\ttriphosphate\t(ATP)\tfor\tcellular\tmetabolism\tand\tenergy\nproduction.\tMyocardial\tischemia\tlowers\tcellular\tenergy\tlevels,\tintegrity,\tand\tfunction.\tThe\tfailing\nheart\tis\tenergy\tstarved.\tD-ribose\tis\tbeing\ttested\tto\tcorre...
[ -0.02367180399596691, -0.07127691805362701, 0.028103958815336227, -0.07172907143831253, -0.05694412812590599, 0.028493421152234077, 0.045360811054706573, 0.09871912747621536, -0.003991585224866867, 0.0779765173792839, 0.018688688054680824, -0.041935864835977554, 0.01736973039805889, 0.0761...
naturally\toccurring\tcarbohydrate\t(\nShecterle\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tA\trecent\tprospective\n\tstudy\tthat\tgave\t6\nweeks\tof\tD-ribose\tsupplement\twas\tinconclusive\tin\tdetermining\tbenefit\t(\nBayram\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nEnergy\nThe\tenergy\tneeds\tof\tpatients\twith\tHF\tdepend\ton\ttheir\tcurrent\tdry\tweight,\ta...
[ -0.0038680697325617075, -0.07916618138551712, 0.03800264000892639, 0.00017175928223878145, -0.05942423641681671, 0.021629318594932556, 0.11155113577842712, 0.07391119003295898, -0.05997127667069435, 0.04176299646496773, 0.08407363295555115, -0.021528154611587524, 0.04386564716696739, 0.082...
the\tseverity\tof\tthe\tHF.\tOverweight\tpatients\twith\tlimited\tactivity\tshould\tbe\tencouraged\tto\tmaintain\tan\nappropriate\tweight\tthat\twill\tnot\tstress\tthe\tmyocardium.\tHowever,\tthe\tnutrition\n\tstatus\tof\tthe\tobese\npatient\tmust\tbe\tassessed\tto\tensure\tthat\tthe\tpatient\tis\tnot\tmalnourished.\tI...
[ 0.04075208306312561, -0.013507949188351631, 0.05637846887111664, 0.051040008664131165, -0.07252330332994461, 0.013789218850433826, 0.0852535292506218, 0.020597267895936966, -0.06584130227565765, -0.00007747781637590379, 0.09628205001354218, -0.03938562795519829, 0.039908502250909805, 0.020...
needs\tare\tunclear.\tAt\tleast\ttwo\tstudies\tfound\tthat\tstandard\tenergy\tequations\tused\tto\tdetermine\ncalorie\tneeds\tunderestimated\tthe\tneeds\tof\tHF\tpatients.\tAnother\tstudy\tfound\tlower\tcalorie\tneeds\ncompared\twith\thealthy\tcontrols\t(\nAND,\t2012\n).\tThis\tarea\trequires\tmore\tresearch.\tStandard...
[ -0.032872214913368225, 0.027154305949807167, 0.07009018957614899, -0.046813301742076874, -0.07235756516456604, 0.03718624636530876, 0.10109473019838333, 0.030715325847268105, -0.05453890189528465, -0.009551449678838253, 0.07106824219226837, -0.064598448574543, 0.031120313331484795, 0.05157...
nutritional\nassessment\tshould\tbe\temployed\twith\tcareful\tmonitoring.\nFats\nFish\tconsumption\tand\tfish\toils\trich\tin\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\tcan\tlower\televated\ttriglyceride\tlevels\tand\nmay\tprevent\tatrial\tfibrillation\tin\tHF\tpatients\t(\nRoth\tand\tHarris,\t2010\n).\tIntake\tof\tat\tleast\t1\tg\tdaily...
[ -0.03588259592652321, -0.02837640419602394, 0.0561823770403862, -0.011704537086188793, -0.09666629135608673, -0.006770753301680088, 0.1064998134970665, 0.017795540392398834, -0.07058459520339966, -0.016181910410523415, 0.09123100340366364, -0.0990162193775177, -0.027325071394443512, 0.0152...
Roth\tand\tHarris,\t2010\n).\tIntake\tof\tat\tleast\t1\tg\tdaily\tof\nomega-3\tfatty\tacids\tfrom\teither\toily\tfish\tor\tfish-oil\tsupplements\twas\tused\tin\tthe\tstudy.\tHowever,\nfurther\tstudies\n\tare\tneeded.\tSome\tevidence\tsuggests\tthat\thigh\tsaturated\tfat\tfeeding\tin\tmild\tto\nmoderate\tHF\tpreserves\t...
[ -0.03831298276782036, -0.02837664633989334, 0.038329508155584335, -0.006814389955252409, -0.058955445885658264, 0.004805753007531166, 0.07625779509544373, -0.022086305543780327, -0.008065635338425636, 0.01703018695116043, 0.08229444175958633, -0.02787451073527336, 0.012200473807752132, 0.0...
metabolism,\tthus\tserving\ta\tcardioprotective\trole\t(\nChess\tet\tal,\t2009\n;\t\nChristopher\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nMeal\tstrategies\nPatients\twith\tHF\toften\ttolerate\tsmall,\tfrequent\tmeals\tbetter\tthan\tlarger,\tinfrequent\tmeals\tbecause\nthe\tlatter\n\tare\tmore\ttiring\tto\tconsume,\tcan\tcontribute\tto\tabd...
[ -0.0019544297829270363, -0.08420439809560776, 0.04076956957578659, -0.033224403858184814, -0.09652132540941238, 0.0074098976328969, 0.10874787718057632, 0.0376499779522419, 0.0033466352615505457, 0.04453893378376961, 0.10869704931974411, -0.04314993694424629, 0.032409243285655975, 0.014544...
oxygen\tconsumption.\tAll\tthese\tfactors\ttax\tthe\talready\tstressed\theart.\tCaloric\tsupplements\tcan\thelp\nto\tincrease\tenergy\tintake;\thowever,\tthis\tintervention\tmay\tnot\treverse\tthis\tform\tof\tmalnutrition\n(\nAnker\tet\tal,\t2006\n).\nFolate,\tvitamin\tB\n6\n,\tand\tvitamin\tB\n12\nHigh\tdietary\tintak...
[ -0.024812746793031693, -0.07230620831251144, 0.0649908185005188, 0.0009130894322879612, -0.012650258839130402, 0.01142714824527502, 0.09909138828516006, 0.01757507026195526, -0.025352464988827705, 0.06802427023649216, 0.09405256062746048, -0.0684034675359726, 0.02433091774582863, 0.0195303...
12\nHigh\tdietary\tintakes\tof\tfolate\tand\tvitamin\tB\n6\n\thave\n\tbeen\tassociated\twith\treduced\trisk\tof\tmortality\nfrom\tHF\tand\tstroke\tin\tsome\tpopulations\t(\nCui\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tHowever,\tdeficiencies\tof\tvitamin\tB\n12\n\tand\nfolate\thave\tbeen\tstudied\tand\tfound\tto\tbe\trelatively\trare\tin\tH...
[ 0.018463987857103348, -0.012577691115438938, 0.026970425620675087, -0.05243690684437752, -0.12321611493825912, 0.04179760813713074, 0.06067638844251633, 0.03279668837785721, -0.05133730545639992, 0.03256174176931381, 0.12487979978322983, -0.011339038610458374, 0.024201931431889534, 0.02077...