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in\twhich\nPA\t=\tPhysical\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=\t1\t(Sedentary)\nPA\t=\t1.12\t(Low\tactive)\nPA\t=\t1.27\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t1.45\t(Very\tactive)\nEER\tfor\tpregnant\twomen\n14-18\tyears:\tEER\t=\tAdolescent\tEER\t+\tPregnancy\tenergy\tdeposition\nFirst\ttrimester\t=\tAdolescent\tEER\t+\t0\t(Pregnancy\tenergy\t...
[ 0.05162161961197853, -0.052921779453754425, 0.03052785061299801, 0.001853628666140139, -0.044821180403232574, -0.017685312777757645, 0.01627662591636181, 0.10798106342554092, -0.04325391352176666, 0.064707912504673, 0.1103096529841423, -0.08173869550228119, 0.03339902684092522, 0.017687784...
Second\ttrimester\n\t=\tAdolescent\tEER\t+\t160\tkcal\t(8\tkcal/wk\t1\t×\t20\twk)\t+\t180\tkcal\nThird\ttrimester\t=\tAdolescent\tEER\t+\t272\tkcal\t(8\tkcal/wk\t×\t34\twk)\t+\t180\tkcal\n19-50\tyears:\t=\tAdult\tEER\t+\tPregnancy\tenergy\tdeposition\nFirst\ttrimester\t=\tAdult\tEER\t+\t0\t(Pregnancy\tenergy\tdepositio...
[ -0.03091205097734928, -0.018236611038446426, 0.012638425454497337, -0.021679628640413284, -0.028911104425787926, 0.006987601984292269, -0.03355146571993828, 0.09079821407794952, -0.023488378152251244, 0.03849140182137489, 0.09891911596059799, -0.061809007078409195, 0.002066322136670351, 0....
Third\ttrimester\t=\tAdult\tEER\t+\t272\tkcal\t(8\tkcal/wk\t×\t34\twk)\t+\t180\tkcal\nEER\tfor\tlactating\twomen\n14-18\tyears:\tEER\t=\tAdolescent\tEER\t+\tMilk\tenergy\toutput\t−\tWeight\tloss\nFirst\t6\tmonths\t=\tAdolescent\tEER\t+\t500\t−\t170\t(Milk\tenergy\toutput\t−\tWeight\tloss)\nSecond\t6\tmonths\t=\tAdolesc...
[ -0.055765215307474136, -0.09211255609989166, 0.010058186948299408, 0.004687677603214979, -0.0338842011988163, -0.010665369220077991, -0.021105926483869553, 0.07147908955812454, -0.05669910088181496, 0.014038574881851673, 0.058180633932352066, -0.056639015674591064, 0.008219658397138119, 0....
19-50\tyears:\tEAR\t=\tAdult\tEER\t+\tMilk\tenergy\toutput\t−\tWeight\tloss\nFirst\t6\tmonths\t=\tAdult\tEER\t+\t500\t−\t70\t(Milk\tenergy\toutput\t−\tWeight\tloss)\nSecond\t6\tmonths\t=\tAdult\tEER\t+\t400\t−\t0\t(Milk\tenergy\toutput\t−\tWeight\tloss)\nWeight\tmaintenance\tTEE\tfor\toverweight\tand\tat-risk\tfor\tove...
[ -0.024777578189969063, -0.044323235750198364, 0.024317804723978043, 0.02749687060713768, -0.04403381422162056, 0.0027744353283196688, 0.013832305558025837, 0.11579617112874985, -0.10750836879014969, -0.007455315440893173, 0.044810276478528976, -0.0865263119339943, -0.009159807115793228, 0....
>85th\tpercentile\tfor\toverweight)\nTEE\t=\t114\t−\t50.9\t×\tAge\t(yr)\t+\tPA\t×\t(19.5\t×\tWeight\t[kg]\t+\t1161.4\t×\tHeight\t[m])\nin\twhich\nPA\t=\tPhysical\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=\t1\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.0\t<\t1.4\t(Sedentary)\nPA\t=\t1.12\tif\n\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.4\t<\t1.6\...
[ 0.05533535033464432, -0.004918215796351433, 0.03473825380206108, 0.0225860346108675, -0.09708916395902634, -0.02906276099383831, 0.0423281267285347, 0.1018020436167717, -0.03663942217826843, 0.046756308525800705, 0.05721767246723175, -0.091620072722435, 0.08206482231616974, 0.0273880399763...
PA\t=\t1.24\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.6\t<\t1.9\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t1.45\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.9\t<\t2.5\t(Very\tactive)\nWeight\tmaintenance\tTEE\tfor\toverweight\tand\tat-risk\tfor\toverweight\tgirls\t3-18\tyears\t(BMI\n>85th\tpercentile\tfor\toverweight)\nTEE\t=\t389\t−\t41.2\t×\tAge\t(yr)\...
[ -0.024108249694108963, 0.012707676738500595, -0.01201587077230215, 0.018347186967730522, -0.0506400465965271, -0.021072909235954285, 0.006188553292304277, 0.06126125901937485, -0.04108213260769844, 0.013556519523262978, 0.03920106962323189, -0.053906090557575226, 0.03252008557319641, 0.020...
in\twhich\nPA\t=\tPhysical\n\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=\t1\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1\t<\t1.4\t(Sedentary)\nPA\t=\t1.18\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.4\t<\t1.6\t(Low\tactive)\nPA\t=\t1.35\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.6\t<\t1.9\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t1.60\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1....
[ 0.06854065507650375, -0.006147637497633696, 0.06874262541532516, 0.02843920886516571, -0.06711570173501968, -0.03880810737609863, 0.05262339115142822, 0.06543734669685364, -0.018143605440855026, 0.05676979199051857, 0.04297401383519173, -0.11017897725105286, 0.06386686861515045, 0.05110047...
Overweight\tand\tobese\tmen\t19\tyears\tand\tolder\t(BMI\t≥\t25\tkg/m\n2\n)\nTEE\t=\t1086\t−\t10.1\t×\tAge\t(yr)\t+\tPA\t×\t(13.7\t×\tWeight\t[kg]\t+\t416\t×\tHeight\n\t[m])\nin\twhich\nPA\t=\tPhysical\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=\t1\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1\t<\t1.4\t(Sedentary)\nPA\t=\t1.12\tif\tPAL\tis...
[ 0.03358984738588333, -0.009944041259586811, 0.04712030664086342, 0.01940292678773403, -0.06444476544857025, -0.026802919805049896, 0.05627020448446274, 0.0983089804649353, -0.02747017703950405, 0.023888520896434784, 0.031503502279520035, -0.08983504772186279, 0.05398343503475189, 0.0415570...
PA\t=\t1.12\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.4\t<\t1.6\t(Low\tactive)\nPA\t=\t1.29\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.6\t<\t1.9\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t1.59\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.9\t<\t2.5\t(Very\tactive)\nOverweight\tand\tobese\twomen\t19\tyears\tand\tolder\t(BMI\t≥\t25\tkg/m\n2\n)\nTEE\t=\t448\t−\t7...
[ 0.008679906837642193, 0.023915467783808708, 0.011648736894130707, -0.0003969394019804895, -0.07718559354543686, -0.05852523446083069, -0.0009407659526914358, 0.09206214547157288, -0.009426098316907883, 0.049829624593257904, 0.01929997280240059, -0.07217516750097275, 0.03285972774028778, 0....
(11.4\t×\tWeight\t[kg]\t+\t619\t×\tHeight\t[m])\nwhere\nPA\t=\tPhysical\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=\t1\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1\t<\t1.4\t(Sedentary)\nPA\t=\t1.16\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.4\t<\t1.6\t(Low\tactive)\nPA\t=\t1.27\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.6\t<\t1.9\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t...
[ 0.060874439775943756, -0.014775333926081657, 0.06438228487968445, 0.014920545741915703, -0.1115700826048851, -0.05044908449053764, 0.03342748060822487, 0.1163763627409935, -0.03474711999297142, 0.05049340799450874, 0.026996398344635963, -0.07409773021936417, 0.07448960095643997, 0.03053551...
PA\t=\t1.44\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.9\t<\t2.5\t(Very\tactive)\nNormal\tand\toverweight\tor\tobese\tmen\t19\tyears\tand\tolder\t(BMI\t≥\t18.5\tkg/m\n2\n)\nTEE\t=\t864\t−\t9.72\t×\tAge\t(yr)\t+\tPA\t×\t(14.2\t×\tWeight\t[kg]\t+\t503\t×\tHeight\t[m])\nin\twhich\nPA\t=\tPhysical\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=...
[ -0.047100696712732315, -0.00742952898144722, 0.05403369665145874, 0.008218704722821712, -0.07306141406297684, -0.021753473207354546, 0.030438005924224854, 0.0742303654551506, -0.017001690343022346, 0.03445712476968765, 0.021762778982520103, -0.09058540314435959, 0.05143405869603157, 0.0287...
PA\t=\t1\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1\t<\t1.4\t(Sedentary)\nPA\t=\t1.12\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.4\t<\t1.6\t(Low\tactive)\nPA\t=\t1.27\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.6\t<\t1.9\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t1.54\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.9\t<\t2.5\t(Very\tactive)\nNormal\tand\toverweight\tor...
[ 0.04039919376373291, 0.008208771236240864, 0.06747857481241226, 0.017255749553442, -0.10101352632045746, -0.048879437148571014, 0.04397138953208923, 0.06303714215755463, -0.02619234099984169, 0.062005165964365005, 0.05127153545618057, -0.09547515213489532, 0.06884131580591202, 0.0342021360...
women\t19\tyears\tand\tolder\t(BMI\t≥\t18.5\tkg/m\n2\n)\nTEE\t=\t387\t−\t7.31\t×\tAge\t(yr)\t+\tPA\t×\t(10.9\t×\tWeight\t[kg]\t+\t660.7\t×\tHeight\t[m])\nin\twhich\nPA\t=\tPhysical\tactivity\tcoefficient:\nPA\t=\t1\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1\t<\t1.4\t(Sedentary)
[ 0.012412134557962418, -0.029237180948257446, 0.0473131388425827, 0.03997678682208061, -0.09275048226118088, -0.022635942324995995, 0.02536938712000847, 0.062328290194272995, -0.0619402676820755, -0.013404645957052708, 0.06394412368535995, -0.10108865797519684, 0.04059264808893204, 0.023049...
PA\t=\t1.14\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.4\t<\t1.6\t(Low\tactive)\nPA\t=\t1.27\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.6\t<\t1.9\t(Active)\nPA\t=\t1.45\tif\tPAL\tis\testimated\tto\tbe\t≥\t1.9\t<\t2.5\n\t(Very\tactive)\nBMI,\n\tBody\tmass\tindex;\t\nEER,\n\testimated\tenergy\trequirement;\t\nPA,\n\tphysical\t\nac...
[ -0.010741738602519035, -0.02289373055100441, 0.063343346118927, 0.002849484561011195, -0.0846232920885086, -0.05475648120045662, 0.055024173110723495, 0.059486024081707, -0.04230401664972305, 0.09319945424795151, 0.06397558748722076, -0.07033243030309677, 0.05036428943276405, 0.04970234632...
PAL,\n\tphysical\tactivity\nlevel;\t\nTEE,\n\ttotal\t\nenergy\texpenditure.\nFrom\tInstitute\tof\tMedicine,\tFood\tand\t\nNutrition\tBoard:\t\nDietary\treference\tintakes\tfor\tenergy,\t\ncarbohydrate,\nfiber,\tfat,\tfatty\tacids,\tcholesterol,\tprotein,\tand\tamino\tacids,\n\tWashington,\tDC,\t2002,\tThe\tNational\nAc...
[ 0.020236296579241753, -0.07771027088165283, 0.05459151789546013, 0.004729205742478371, -0.08518803119659424, 0.004292862024158239, 0.0949481651186943, 0.031122663989663124, 0.008171099238097668, 0.025911320000886917, 0.07532583177089691, -0.023572929203510284, 0.014127836562693119, 0.02792...
Washington,\tDC,\t2002,\tThe\tNational\nAcademies\tPress,\t\nwww.nap.edu\n.\n*EER\tis\tthe\taverage\tdietary\tenergy\tintake\tthat\tis\tpredicted\tto\tmaintain\tenergy\tbalance\tin\ta\thealthy\tadult\tof\ta\ndefined\tage,\tgender,\tweight,\theight,\tand\tlevel\tof\tphysical\tactivity\tconsistent\twith\tgood\thealth.\tI...
[ 0.03397044166922569, -0.06303364783525467, 0.08851664513349533, -0.013857303187251091, -0.04511908441781998, 0.03789103031158447, 0.10550448298454285, -0.0003161802014801651, -0.02567274495959282, 0.0527142696082592, 0.06274517625570297, -0.06404092907905579, 0.048813674598932266, 0.019018...
pregnant\tand\tlactating\twomen,\tthe\tEER\tincludes\tthe\tneeds\tassociated\twith\tthe\tdeposition\tof\ttissues\tor\tthe\nsecretion\tof\tmilk\tat\trates\tconsistent\twith\tgood\thealth.\n†PAL\tis\n\tthe\tphysical\tactivity\tlevel\tthat\tis\tthe\tratio\tof\tthe\ttotal\tenergy\texpenditure\tto\tthe\tbasal\tenergy\texpen...
[ 0.037803374230861664, -0.04769377037882805, 0.08523855358362198, 0.020512772724032402, -0.05739825963973999, 0.014865276403725147, 0.10103848576545715, -0.00272156554274261, -0.01203378476202488, 0.057420384138822556, 0.10445421189069748, -0.060421671718358994, -0.012667586095631123, 0.026...
‡TEE\tis\tthe\tsum\tof\tthe\tresting\tenergy\texpenditure,\tenergy\texpended\tin\tphysical\tactivity,\tand\tthe\tthermic\teffect\tof\nfood.\n§BMI\tis\tdetermined\tby\tdividing\t\nthe\tweight\t(in\tkilograms)\tby\tthe\tsquare\tof\tthe\theight\t(in\t\nmeters).\nThe\tEER\tincorporates\n\tage,\tweight,\theight,\tgender,\ta...
[ 0.013487409800291061, -0.07573111355304718, 0.060459937900304794, 0.03391221538186073, -0.03451032564043999, -0.02359006367623806, 0.08961184322834015, 0.034054093062877655, -0.031755030155181885, 0.045729801058769226, 0.11123540997505188, -0.09622464329004288, 0.023111382499337196, 0.0546...
years\tand\tolder.\tAlthough\tvariables\tsuch\tas\tage,\tgender,\tand\tfeeding\ttype\t(i.e.,\tbreast\tmilk,\tformula)\ncan\taffect\tTEE\tamong\tinfants\tand\tyoung\tchildren,\tweight\thas\tbeen\tdetermined\tas\tthe\tsole\tpredictor\nof\tTEE\tneeds\t(\nIOM,\t2002\n;\t\n2005\n).\tBeyond\tTEE\trequirements,\tadditional\tc...
[ -0.02011379785835743, 0.01429626066237688, 0.09422284364700317, -0.044526390731334686, -0.08998531848192215, 0.03903234377503395, 0.04583875834941864, -0.029853714630007744, 0.0006761444383300841, 0.054518602788448334, 0.09295851737260818, -0.06399863958358765, 0.03735724836587906, -0.0192...
infants,\tyoung\tchildren,\n\tand\tchildren\tages\t3\tthrough\t18\tto\tsupport\tthe\tdeposition\tof\ttissues\tneeded\nfor\tgrowth,\tand\tfor\tpregnant\tand\tlactating\twomen.\tThus\tthe\tEER\tamong\tthese\tsubsets\tof\tthe\npopulation\tis\tthe\tsum\tof\tTEE\tplus\tthe\tcaloric\trequirements\tfor\tenergy\tdeposition.
[ 0.04936090484261513, -0.03199276328086853, 0.048146266490221024, -0.04032256454229355, -0.1053793877363205, 0.037065763026475906, 0.06572835892438889, -0.007365328259766102, 0.026013335213065147, 0.13712622225284576, 0.1270897090435028, -0.04501695558428764, -0.005121479742228985, 0.040495...
The\tprediction\tequations\tinclude\ta\tphysical\tactivity\t(PA)\tcoefficient\tfor\tall\tgroups\texcept\tinfants\nand\tyoung\tchildren\t(see\t\nBox\t2-1\n).\tPA\tcoefficients\n\tcorrespond\tto\tfour\t\nphysical\tactivity\tlevel\t(PAL)\nlifestyle\tcategories:\tsedentary,\tlow\tactive,\tactive,\tand\tvery\tactive.\tBecau...
[ 0.029555626213550568, -0.03862762823700905, 0.04475913196802139, -0.02557317540049553, -0.10267085582017899, -0.012632547877728939, 0.04363285377621651, -0.012592441402375698, 0.04561375454068184, 0.06320352107286453, 0.08115430921316147, -0.07165908068418503, 0.0647091269493103, 0.0191622...
BEE,\tthe\tenergy\tspent\tduring\tactivities\tof\tdaily\tliving,\tthe\tsedentary\tlifestyle\tcategory\thas\ta\tPAL\nrange\tof\t1\tto\t1.39.\tPAL\tcategories\tbeyond\tsedentary\tare\tdetermined\taccording\tto\tthe\tenergy\tspent\nby\tan\tadult\twalking\tat\ta\tset\tpace\t(\nTable\t2.3\n).\tThe\twalking\tequivalents\ttha...
[ 0.02338217757642269, -0.09434925764799118, 0.09360834956169128, -0.014469064772129059, -0.08040322363376617, 0.004760501906275749, 0.10441528260707855, -0.028182124719023705, -0.015294079668819904, 0.06557498872280121, 0.11818160116672516, -0.05324689671397209, 0.05033741891384125, 0.03926...
Table\t2.3\n).\tThe\twalking\tequivalents\tthat\tcorrespond\tto\teach\tPAL\ncategory\tfor\tan\taverage-weight\tadult\twalking\tat\t3\tto\t4\tmph\tare\t2,\t7,\tand\t17\tmiles\tper\tday,\tfor\tlow\nactive,\tactive,\tand\tvery\tactive\t(\nIOM,\t2002\n;\t\n2005\n).\tAll\tequations\tare\tonly\testimates\tand\tindividual\nva...
[ 0.016599081456661224, -0.02102929726243019, 0.009905247949063778, -0.02399698831140995, -0.09893234819173813, 0.009603330865502357, 0.02734946832060814, 0.005627123173326254, 0.0012522091856226325, 0.061165958642959595, 0.08337840437889099, -0.04729776829481125, 0.03651346638798714, -0.007...
O’Riordan\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nTABLE\t2.3\nPhysical\tActivity\tLevel\tCategories\tand\tWalking\tEquivalence\n*\nPAL\n\tCategory\nPAL\tValues\nWalking\tEquivalence\t(Miles/Day\tat\t3-4\tmph)\nSedentary\n1-1.39\nLow\tactive\n1.4-1.59\n1.5,\t2.2,\t2.9\tfor\tPAL\t=\t1.5\nActive\n1.6-1.89\n3,\t4.4,\t5.8\tfor\tPAL\t=\t1.6\n5....
[ 0.013576613739132881, -0.007234353572130203, 0.059507325291633606, 0.003242284059524536, -0.0684434026479721, 0.0018227515975013375, 0.053197529166936874, 0.02579040639102459, 0.003484576940536499, -0.010348400101065636, 0.053225234150886536, -0.09925416857004166, -0.023145882412791252, -0...
Very\tactive\n1.9-2.5\n7.5,\t10.3,\t14\tfor\tPAL\t=\t1.9\n12.3,\t16.7,\t22.5\tfor\tPAL\t=\t2.2\n17,\t23,\t31\tfor\tPAL\t=\t2.5\n*\nIn\taddition\tto\tenergy\tspent\tfor\tthe\tgenerally\tunscheduled\tactivities\n\tthat\tare\tpart\tof\ta\tnormal\tdaily\tlife.\tThe\tlow,\tmiddle,\tand\thigh\tmiles/day\tvalues
[ 0.00041284991311840713, 0.02519220858812332, 0.0796063095331192, -0.019033068791031837, -0.060115888714790344, 0.0028557502664625645, 0.09262591600418091, 0.016708562150597572, -0.05658178776502609, 0.04144202917814255, 0.11656130850315094, -0.0440041720867157, 0.002798275789245963, 0.0141...
apply\tto\trelatively\theavyweight\t(120-kg),\tmidweight\t(70-kg),\tand\tlightweight\t(44-kg)\tindividuals,\trespectively.\nPAL,\n\tPhysical\tactivity\tlevel.\nFrom\tInstitute\tof\tMedicine,\tThe\tNational\tAcademies:\t\nDietary\treference\tintakes\tfor\tenergy,\tcarbohydrate,\tfiber,\tfat,\tfatty\tacids,\tcholesterol,...
[ -0.010435033589601517, -0.05487876757979393, 0.014788683503866196, -0.005356122273951769, -0.12633945047855377, -0.023302162066102028, 0.0539245568215847, 0.08701451867818832, -0.0705418586730957, -0.028075583279132843, 0.038754742592573166, -0.07511856406927109, 0.011052769608795643, 0.00...
and\tamino\tacids\n,\tWashington,\n\tDC,\t2002/2005,\tThe\tNational\tAcademies\tPress.\nEstimated\tenergy\texpended\tin\tphysical\tactivity\nEnergy\texpenditure\tin\tphysical\tactivity\tcan\tbe\testimated\tusing\teither\tthe\tmethod\tshown\tin\t\nAppendix\n10\n,\twhich\trepresents\tenergy\tspent\tduring\tcommon\tactivi...
[ 0.009540279395878315, -0.07871685922145844, 0.09481015056371689, 0.024318736046552658, -0.0702376663684845, -0.00404773373156786, 0.09615682065486908, 0.012518659234046936, -0.043235957622528076, 0.03447655960917473, 0.08794192224740982, -0.07873334735631943, 0.03282526507973671, 0.0654297...
duration\tof\ttime\tfor\teach\tactivity\tas\tvariables,\tor\tusing\tinformation\tin\t\nFig.\t2.3\n,\twhich\trepresents\nenergy\n\tspent\tby\tadults\tduring\tvarious\tintensities\tof\tphysical\tactivity—energy\tthat\tis\texpressed\tas\nmetabolic\tequivalents\t(METs)\t(\nIOM,\t2002\n;\t\n2005\n).\nEstimating\tenergy\texp...
[ 0.038278281688690186, -0.08483253419399261, 0.07902436703443527, 0.03595861792564392, -0.09720932692289352, -0.0001300754229305312, 0.04794395714998245, -0.011175042949616909, -0.005404973402619362, 0.06880149990320206, 0.07599116861820221, -0.09210607409477234, -0.016181090846657753, 0.05...
METs\n\tare\tunits\tof\tmeasure\tthat\tcorrespond\twith\ta\tperson’s\tmetabolic\trate\tduring\tselected\tphysical\nactivities\tof\tvarying\tintensities\tand\tare\texpressed\tas\tmultiples\tof\tREE.\tA\n\tMET\tvalue\tof\t1\tis\tthe\noxygen\tmetabolized\tat\trest\t(3.5\tmL\tof\toxygen\tper\tkilogram\tof\tbody\tweight\tpe...
[ -0.001705277943983674, 0.0023260272573679686, 0.07101187855005264, -0.025715142488479614, -0.02519109472632408, -0.03079635091125965, 0.05079404264688492, 0.022917617112398148, -0.01765962317585945, 0.08574792742729187, 0.03386734053492546, -0.07113392651081085, 0.009436119347810745, 0.011...
can\tbe\texpressed\tas\t1\tkcal/kg\tof\tbody\tweight\tper\thour.\tThus\tthe\tenergy\texpenditure\tof\tadults\tcan\tbe\nestimated\tusing\tMET\tvalues\t(1\tMET\t=\t1\tkcal/kg/hr).\tFor\texample,\tan\tadult\twho\tweighs\t65\tkg\tand\tis\nwalking\tmoderately\tat\ta\tpace\tof\t4\tmph\t(which\tis\ta\tMET\tvalue\tof\t4.5)\two...
[ -0.04424702376127243, 0.015936272218823433, 0.05036836862564087, -0.021046318113803864, -0.09163954854011536, -0.055489737540483475, 0.002229887992143631, -0.009819412603974342, -0.009542991407215595, 0.040186699479818344, 0.02176111936569214, -0.07489225268363953, 0.03360414877533913, 0.0...
TABLE\t2.4\nIntensity\tand\tEffect\tof\tVarious\tActivities\ton\tPhysical\tActivity\tLevel\tin\tAdults\n*\nPhysical\tActivity\nMETs\n†\nΔ\tPAL/10\tmin\n‡\nΔ\tPAL/hr\n‡\nDaily\tActivities\nLying\tquietly\n1\n0\n0\nRiding\tin\ta\tcar\n1\n0\n0\nLight\n\tactivity\twhile\tsitting\n1.5\n0.005\n0.03\nVacuuming\n3.5\n0.024\n0....
[ 0.04184248298406601, -0.04355012625455856, 0.039218805730342865, 0.009016834199428558, -0.058190204203128815, 0.0061294096522033215, 0.04711290821433067, -0.00706134969368577, -0.03431711718440056, 0.03716138377785683, 0.07974054664373398, -0.06364170461893082, 0.02600962109863758, 0.03655...
3.5\n0.024\n0.14\nGardening\t(no\tlifting)\n4.4\n0.032\n0.19\nMowing\tlawn\t(power\tmower)\n4.5\n0.033\n0.20\nLeisure\tActivities:\tMild\nWalking\t(2\tmph)\n2.5\n0.014\n0.09\nPaddling\t(leisurely)\n2.5\n0.014\n0.09\nGolfing\t(with\tcart)\n2.5\n0.014\n0.09\nDancing\n2.9\n0.018\n0.11\nLeisure\tActivities:\tModerate\nWalk...
[ -0.013064474798738956, 0.01216591615229845, 0.018800633028149605, 0.015691112726926804, -0.12848076224327087, 0.006515356246381998, 0.02202632836997509, 0.004698107950389385, -0.010984190739691257, 0.0325397253036499, 0.06648833304643631, -0.09078913182020187, 0.0005866948631592095, 0.0404...
Walking\t(3\tmph)\n3.3\n0.022\n0.13\nCycling\t(leisurely)\n3.5\n0.024\n0.14\nWalking\t(4\tmph)\n4.5\n0.033\n0.20\nLeisure\tActivities:\tVigorous\nChopping\twood\n4.9\n0.037\n0.22\nPlaying\ttennis\t(doubles)\n5\n0.038\n0.23\nIce\tskating\n5.5\n0.043\n0.26\nCycling\t(moderate)\n5.7\n0.045\n0.27\nSkiing\t(downhill\tor\twa...
[ -0.019752198830246925, -0.03138437867164612, 0.0649590715765953, 0.010876278392970562, -0.08077722042798996, -0.01813499629497528, 0.028184344992041588, 0.011164751835167408, -0.04801506921648979, 0.020503100007772446, 0.013379755429923534, -0.08893908560276031, 0.007993518374860287, 0.049...
6.8\n0.055\n0.33\nSwimming\n7\n0.057\n0.34\nClimbing\thills\t(5-kg\tload)\n7.4\n0.061\n0.37\nWalking\t(5\tmph)\n8\n0.067\n0.40\nJogging\t(10-min\tmile)\n10.2\n0.088\n0.53\nSkipping\trope\n12\n0.105\n0.63\n*\nPAL\tis\tthe\tphysical\tactivity\tlevel\tthat\tis\tthe\tratio\tof\tthe\ttotal\tenergy\texpenditure\tto\tthe\tbas...
[ -0.0218916367739439, -0.05351324379444122, 0.03423586115241051, 0.014339219778776169, -0.10794519633054733, -0.06614043563604355, 0.07823800295591354, 0.11860647052526474, -0.06296853721141815, 0.0032900439109653234, 0.029853682965040207, -0.10691262781620026, -0.01077395398169756, 0.01142...
†\nMETs\tare\tmultiples\tof\tan\tindividual’s\tresting\toxygen\tuptakes,\tdefined\tas\tthe\trate\tof\toxygen\t(O\n2\n)consumption\tof\t3.5\tmL\tof\tO\n2\n/min/kg\tbody\tweight\tin\nadults.\n‡\nThe\tΔ\tPAL\tis\tthe\tallowance\tmade\tto\n\tinclude\tthe\tdelayed\teffect\tof\tphysical\tactivity\tin\tcausing\texcess\tpost\t...
[ -0.043423570692539215, -0.0406242273747921, 0.04264066740870476, 0.03342461213469505, -0.05783392861485481, -0.03958306461572647, 0.08195611834526062, 0.029466288164258003, 0.01256333664059639, 0.028365399688482285, 0.08438558876514435, -0.037424344569444656, -0.00544779235497117, -0.00167...
dissipation\tof\tsome\tof\tthe\tfood\tenergy\tconsumed\tthrough\tthe\tthermic\teffect\tof\tfood.\nMET,\n\tMetabolic\tequivalent;\t\nPAL,\n\tphysical\tactivity\tlevel.\nModified\tfrom\tInstitute\tof\tMedicine\tof\tThe\tNational\tAcademies:\t\nDietary\treference\tintakes\tfor\tenergy,\tcarbohydrate,\tfiber,\tfat,\tfatty\...
[ 0.03535273298621178, -0.1387726217508316, 0.028590837493538857, 0.0060000354424119, -0.08450155705213547, 0.0073282113298773766, 0.10085796564817429, 0.05395131930708885, 0.00020779897749889642, 0.04512874782085419, 0.09421025216579437, -0.05020754411816597, 0.05819583311676979, 0.04823779...
and\namino\tacids,\n\tWashington,\tDC,\t2002,\tThe\tNational\tAcademies\tPress.\nEstimating\ta\tperson’s\tenergy\trequirements\tusing\tthe\tIOM’s\tEER\tequations\trequires\tidentifying\ta\nPAL\tvalue\tfor\tthat\tperson.\tA\tperson’s\tPAL\tvalue\tcan\tbe\taffected\tby\tvarious\tactivities\tperformed
[ 0.0057886503636837006, -0.11966081708669662, 0.08950232714414597, -0.08572611957788467, -0.120930515229702, 0.05970395356416702, 0.04911106452345848, -0.048671551048755646, -0.011272364296019077, 0.038849152624607086, 0.06208495423197746, -0.08379001915454865, 0.03320547193288803, 0.003135...
throughout\tthe\tday\tand\tis\treferred\tto\tas\tthe\tchange\tin\tphysical\tactivity\tlevel\t(Δ\tPAL).\tTo\tdetermine\tΔ\nPAL,\ttake\tthe\tsum\tof\tthe\tΔ\tPALs\n\tfor\teach\tactivity\tperformed\tfor\t1\tday\tfrom\tthe\tDRI\ttables\t(\nIOM,\n2002\n;\t\n2005\n).\tTo\tcalculate\tthe\tPAL\tvalue\tfor\t1\tday,\ttake\tthe\t...
[ 0.03829529508948326, -0.08441615104675293, 0.045067258179187775, -0.034329239279031754, -0.10035248100757599, -0.0073628779500722885, 0.05565820261836052, 0.00033572534448467195, 0.001710308133624494, 0.0511954203248024, 0.10134202986955643, -0.017656004056334496, 0.040564753115177155, 0.0...
10%\tto\taccount\tfor\tthe\tTEF\t(1\t+\t0.1\t=\t1.1).\tFor\texample,\tto\tcalculate\tan\tadult\twoman’s\tPAL\tvalue,\ntake\tthe\tsum\tof\tthe\tΔ\tPAL\tvalues\tfor\tactivities\tof\tdaily\tliving,\tsuch\tas\twalking\tthe\tdog\t(0.11)\tand\nvacuuming\t(0.14)\tfor\t1\thour\teach,\n\tsitting\tfor\t4\thours\tdoing\tlight\tac...
[ 0.02916524186730385, -0.03471621870994568, 0.03597651422023773, -0.0014302777126431465, -0.06488611549139023, -0.03695810213685036, 0.08876363188028336, 0.028777291998267174, 0.008480364456772804, 0.025228796526789665, 0.11017822474241257, -0.05896091088652611, 0.029517145827412605, 0.0778...
sitting\tfor\t4\thours\tdoing\tlight\tactivity\t(0.12),\tand\tthen\tperforming\nmoderate\tto\tvigorous\tactivities\tsuch\tas\twalking\tfor\t1\thour\tat\t4\tmph\t(0.20)\tand\tice\tskating\tfor\t30\nminutes\t(0.13)\tfor\ta\ttotal\tof\t0.7.\tTo\tthat\tvalue\tadd\tthe\tBEE\tadjusted\tfor\tthe\t10%\tTEF\t(1.1)\tfor\tthe\nfi...
[ 0.02042330428957939, -0.007384486496448517, 0.04468081519007683, -0.026097562164068222, -0.10517511516809464, -0.02479996532201767, 0.053582824766635895, 0.018734855577349663, -0.020534517243504524, 0.041890937834978104, 0.08810097724199295, -0.05530637502670288, 0.04562713950872421, 0.056...
final\tcalculation:\nFor\tthis\twoman,\tthe\tPAL\tvalue\t(1.8)\tfalls\twithin\n\tan\tactive\trange.\tThe\tPA\tcoefficient\tthat\tcorrelates\nwith\tan\tactive\tlifestyle\tfor\tthis\twoman\tis\t1.27.\nTo\tcalculate\tthe\tEER\tfor\tthis\tadult\twoman,\tage\t30,\tuse\tthe\tEER\tequation\tfor\twomen\t19\tyears\tand\nolder\t...
[ 0.017155267298221588, 0.009296714328229427, 0.05989200621843338, -0.0423465296626091, -0.08515685051679611, -0.03335319831967354, -0.004039605148136616, 0.02528860606253147, -0.011507281102240086, 0.05176610127091408, 0.08462856709957123, -0.12229693681001663, 0.034388765692710876, 0.02441...
older\t(BMI\t18.5-25\tkg/m\n2\n);\tsee\t\nBox\t2.1\n.\tThe\tfollowing\tcalculation\testimates\tthe\tEER\tfor\ta\t30-year-\nold\tactive\twoman\twho\tweighs\t65\tkg,\tis\t1.77\tm\ttall,\twith\ta\tPA\tcoefficient\t(1.27):
[ 0.028617646545171738, 0.062102288007736206, -0.006620270200073719, 0.026753488928079605, -0.12130695581436157, -0.05353812500834465, -0.06941540539264679, 0.05416394770145416, -0.09496735781431198, -0.004012031480669975, 0.0729457437992096, -0.1617649793624878, 0.0028414505068212748, -0.03...
Physical\tactivity\tin\tchildren\nEnergy\tspent\tduring\tvarious\tactivities\tand\tthe\tintensity\n\tand\timpact\tof\tselected\tactivities\talso\tcan\tbe\ndetermined\tfor\tchildren\tand\tteens\t(see\t\nBox\t2.1\n).\nCalculating\tfood\tenergy\nThe\ttotal\tenergy\tavailable\tfrom\ta\tfood\tis\tmeasured\twith\ta\tbomb\tca...
[ 0.04404669627547264, -0.08034929633140564, 0.08013174682855606, 0.009370788931846619, -0.09640119969844818, -0.0054891230538487434, 0.14460349082946777, -0.04885590821504593, -0.03146669641137123, 0.09563621878623962, 0.11410684883594513, -0.10619058459997177, 0.021165594458580017, 0.06300...
closed\tcontainer\tin\twhich\ta\tweighed\tfood\tsample,\tignited\twith\tan\telectric\tspark,\tis\tburned\tin\tan\noxygenated\tatmosphere.\tThe\tcontainer\tis\timmersed\tin\ta\tknown\tvolume\tof\twater,\n\tand\tthe\trise\tin\tthe\ntemperature\tof\tthe\twater\tafter\tigniting\tthe\tfood\tis\tused\tto\tcalculate\tthe\thea...
[ 0.03980705887079239, -0.05533992871642113, 0.10972466319799423, -0.010951901786029339, -0.0794149786233902, 0.01154203712940216, 0.11340558528900146, -0.03426713868975639, 0.004124900326132774, 0.057095013558864594, 0.0971597358584404, -0.09479308873414993, 0.003503160085529089, 0.00783335...
Not\tall\tof\tthe\tenergy\tin\tfoods\tand\talcohol\tis\tavailable\tto\tthe\tbody’s\tcells,\tbecause\tthe\tprocesses\tof\ndigestion\tand\tabsorption\tare\tnot\tcompletely\tefficient.\tIn\taddition,\tthe\tnitrogenous\tportion\tof\tamino\nacids\tis\tnot\toxidized\tbut\tis\texcreted\tin\tthe\tform\tof\turea.\tTherefore\tth...
[ 0.04073126241564751, -0.08272542804479599, 0.07079701125621796, -0.008108185604214668, -0.07366655766963959, 0.014143881388008595, 0.12792566418647766, 0.026222391054034233, -0.048071663826704025, 0.0761876106262207, 0.0908706933259964, -0.04584329202771187, 0.041053567081689835, 0.0572653...
available\tenergy\nfrom\tfoods\tand\talcohol\tis\texpressed\tin\tvalues\trounded\toff\tslightly\tbelow\tthose\tobtained\tusing\tthe\ncalorimeter.\tThese\tvalues\tfor\tprotein,\tfat,\tcarbohydrate,\tand\talcohol\t(\nFig.\t2.4\n)\tare\t4,\t9,\t4,\tand\t7\nkcal/g,\trespectively.\tFiber\tis\tan\t“unavailable\tcarbohydrate”...
[ 0.02001660317182541, -0.07389012724161148, 0.03521158546209335, -0.0001576696668053046, -0.022237712517380714, 0.03840367868542671, 0.12332671880722046, 0.005651372019201517, -0.027654053643345833, -0.026972835883498192, 0.11716917902231216, -0.03593907132744789, 0.01965229958295822, 0.011...
energy\tcontribution\tis\tminimal.\nFIG.\t2.4\nEnergy\tvalue\tof\tfood.\nAlthough\tthe\tenergy\tvalue\tof\teach\tnutrient\tis\tknown\tprecisely,\tonly\ta\tfew\tfoods,\tsuch\tas\toils\tand\nsugars,\tare\tmade\tup\tof\ta\tsingle\tnutrient.\tMore\tcommonly,\tfoods\tcontain\ta\tmixture\tof\tprotein,\tfat,\tand
[ -0.008502667769789696, -0.05322933942079544, 0.026462217792868614, 0.041053928434848785, -0.000009517342732578982, 0.025232253596186638, 0.08673670142889023, -0.013649488799273968, -0.011121955700218678, 0.02484223060309887, 0.12859958410263062, -0.08423013985157013, 0.032110199332237244, ...
carbohydrate.\tFor\texample,\tthe\tenergy\tvalue\tof\tone\tmedium\t(50\tg)\tegg\tcalculated\tin\tterms\tof\tweight\nis\tderived\tfrom\tprotein\t(13%),\tfat\t(12%),\tand\tcarbohydrate\t(1%)\n\tas\tfollows:\nThe\tenergy\tvalue\tof\talcoholic\tbeverages\tcan\tbe\tdetermined\tusing\tthe\tfollowing\tequation:
[ 0.023238053545355797, -0.1114901676774025, 0.021627429872751236, 0.019041050225496292, -0.07375200092792511, 0.014460306614637375, 0.10542947053909302, 0.07040911912918091, -0.021243592724204063, 0.014033864252269268, 0.0700242668390274, -0.06279026716947556, 0.03030417487025261, 0.0243605...
Proof\tis\ta\tdescription\tused\tfor\talcoholic\tbeverages.\tIt\tis\tthe\tproportion\tof\talcohol\tto\twater\tor\tother\nliquids\tin\tan\talcoholic\tbeverage.\tThe\tstandard\tin\tthe\tUnited\n\tStates\tdefines\t100-proof\tas\tequal\tto\t50%\nof\tethyl\talcohol\tby\tvolume.\tTo\tdetermine\tthe\tpercentage\tof\tethyl\tal...
[ -0.0018450572388246655, -0.04641655832529068, 0.026444414630532265, -0.046170614659786224, -0.01886202022433281, 0.02577134780585766, 0.12664100527763367, 0.005881851073354483, -0.03950062021613121, 0.027143439278006554, 0.11902600526809692, -0.05776286497712135, 0.058649029582738876, 0.09...
proof\tvalue\tby\t2.\tFor\texample,\t86-proof\twhiskey\tcontains\t43%\tethyl\talcohol.\tThe\tlatter\tpart\tof\tthe\nequation—0.8\tkcal/proof/1\toz—is\tthe\tfactor\tthat\taccounts\tfor\tthe\tcaloric\tdensity\tof\talcohol\t(7\tkcal/g)\nand\tthe\tfact\tthat\tnot\tall\tof\tthe\talcohol\tin\tliquor\tis\n\tavailable\tfor\ten...
[ 0.004968326073139906, -0.006610151845961809, 0.04244495555758476, -0.04889708384871483, -0.052594829350709915, 0.04277383163571358, 0.11136522144079208, 0.054871995002031326, 0.00024359129020012915, 0.05434342473745346, 0.08744952082633972, -0.11225168406963348, 0.0667685717344284, 0.08312...
available\tfor\tenergy.\tFor\texample,\tthe\tnumber\tof\nkilocalories\tin\t1½\toz\tof\t86-proof\twhiskey\twould\tbe\tdetermined\tas\tfollows:\nSee\t\nAppendix\t24\n\tfor\tthe\tcaloric\tcontent\tof\talcoholic\tbeverages.\nEnergy\tvalues\tof\tfoods\tbased\ton\tchemical\tanalyses\tmay\tbe\tobtained\tfrom\tthe\tU.S.\tDepar...
[ -0.019460437819361687, -0.05993928387761116, -0.024555649608373642, 0.01363234780728817, -0.031767554581165314, 0.012047438882291317, 0.07776107639074326, -0.024096347391605377, -0.023697679862380028, 0.04361854866147041, 0.13262821733951569, -0.05817636102437973, 0.0657731220126152, -0.00...
of\nAgriculture\t(USDA)\tNutrient\tData\tLaboratory\twebsite\tor\tfrom\t\nBowes\tand\tChurch’s\tFood\tValues\tof\nPortions\tCommonly\tUsed\n\t(\nPennington\tand\tSpungen,\t2009\n).\nMany\tcomputer\tsoftware\tprograms\tthat\tuse\tthe\tUSDA\tnutrient\tdatabase\tas\tthe\tstandard\treference\nare\talso\tavailable\tand\tman...
[ -0.016557490453124046, -0.02135779894888401, 0.01677687279880047, -0.05244825780391693, -0.08005866408348083, -0.008321676403284073, 0.06597089767456055, -0.022070853039622307, 0.02303350903093815, 0.07565765827894211, 0.10652489960193634, -0.03361627459526062, 0.06202007085084915, -0.0238...
Chapter\t4\n).\nRecommendations\tfor\tmacronutrient\tpercentages\tvary\tbased\ton\tthe\tgoal\tof\tthe\n\tclient\tand\tany\nunderlying\tor\toverriding\tdisease\tprocess.\tThis\tis\tdiscussed\tin\tother\tchapters.\nUseful\twebsites/apps\nThe\tAcademy\tof\tNutrition\tand\tDietetics:\tEvidence\tAnalysis\tLibrary\nAmerican\...
[ 0.03011997975409031, -0.012783695943653584, 0.03266627714037895, -0.06703471392393112, -0.051453523337841034, 0.025910593569278717, 0.09303785860538483, -0.010495576076209545, -0.021709227934479713, 0.06741116940975189, 0.12220986932516098, -0.01042676530778408, 0.05515466630458832, -0.001...
American\tSociety\tfor\tParenteral\tand\tEnteral\tNutrition\nFood\tProdigy\nmyfitnesspal\nMyPlate\tTracker\nNational\tAcademy\tPress—Publisher\tof\tInstitute\tof\tMedicine\tDRIs\tfor\tEnergy\nU.S.\tDepartment\tof\tAgriculture\n\tFood\tComposition\tTables\nReferences\nCompher\tC,\tFrankenfield\tD,\tKeim\tN.\tet\tal.\t\n...
[ 0.02966172620654106, -0.07036729156970978, 0.01336580514907837, -0.01912441849708557, -0.043385036289691925, 0.027852393686771393, 0.08199696242809296, 0.009958074428141117, -0.001839807373471558, 0.020245293155312538, 0.0835254043340683, -0.005037885159254074, 0.016081279143691063, 0.0104...
Best\tpractice\tmethods\tto\tapply\tto\tmeasurement\tof\nresting\tmetabolic\trate\tin\tadults:\ta\tsystematic\treview\n\tJ\tAm\tDiet\tAssoc\t2006;106:\t881-903.\nCooney\tRN,\tFrankenfield\tDC.\t\nDetermining\tenergy\tneeds\tin\tcritically\till\tpatients:\tequations\tor\nindirect\tcalorimeters\n\tCurr\tOpin\tCrit\tCare\...
[ -0.03311007097363472, -0.027671294286847115, 0.061323851346969604, -0.08841968327760696, -0.1250876635313034, -0.02089613676071167, 0.08176986128091812, 0.09265919774770737, -0.05771311745047569, 0.0007826238870620728, 0.03407171368598938, -0.0006636535981670022, 0.04190473258495331, 0.049...
Cooper\tJA,\tManini\n\tTM,\tPaton\tCM.\tet\tal.\t\nLongitudinal\tchange\tin\tenergy\texpenditure\tand\teffects\non\tenergy\trequirements\tof\tthe\telderly\n\tNutr\tJ\t1,\t2013;12:\t73.\nDombrowski\tA,\tHeuberger\tR.\t\nPatients\treceiving\tdialysis\tdo\tnot\thave\tincreased\tenergy\tneeds\ncompared\twith\thealthy\tadul...
[ -0.06402161717414856, -0.015902632847428322, 0.013741347938776016, -0.026004314422607422, -0.10979501903057098, 0.0003053383552469313, 0.08233319967985153, 0.09729325026273727, -0.024366727098822594, -0.006386963184922934, 0.044027794152498245, -0.026560058817267418, 0.029114913195371628, ...
compared\twith\thealthy\tadults\n\tJ\tRen\tCare\t2018;\tdoi:1111/jorc.12248.\nFerraro\tR,\tLillioja\tS,\tFontvieille\tAM.\tet\tal.\t\nLower\tsedentary\tmetabolic\trate\tin\twomen\tcompared\nwith\n\tmen\n\tJ\tClin\tInvest\t1992;90:\t780-784.\nFrankenfield\tDC,\tRowe\tWA,\tSmith\tJS.\tet\tal.\t\nValidation\tof\tseveral\t...
[ -0.002592565258964896, -0.023708518594503403, 0.014193194918334484, -0.09048134833574295, -0.12383581697940826, -0.015548236668109894, -0.012605893425643444, 0.056546881794929504, 0.0020282072946429253, 0.031779054552316666, 0.035178106278181076, -0.061202678829431534, 0.04093678668141365, ...
Validation\tof\tseveral\testablished\tequations\tfor\nresting\tmetabolic\trate\tin\tobese\tand\tnonobese\tpeople\n\tJ\tAm\tDiet\tAssoc\t2003;103:\t1152-1159.\nGallagher\tD,\tBelmonte\tD,\tDeurenberg\tP.\tet\tal.\t\nOrgan-tissue\tmass\tmeasurement\tallows\tmodeling\nof\tREE\tand\tmetabolically\tactive\ttissue\tmass\n\tA...
[ -0.04850625991821289, 0.003286197083070874, 0.041899312287569046, -0.049136072397232056, 0.008363986387848854, -0.03133969381451607, -0.013597850687801838, 0.031239334493875504, -0.02473088540136814, 0.02292543649673462, 0.05995861813426018, -0.05375020205974579, 0.018129469826817513, 0.01...
Am\tJ\tPhysiol\t1998;275:\tE249-\tE258.\nGöktepe\n\tAS,\tCakir\tB,\tYilmaz\tB.\tet\tal.\t\nEnergy\texpenditure\tof\twalking\twith\tprostheses:\ncomparison\tof\tthree\tamputation\tlevels\n\tProsthet\tOrthot\tInt\t1,\t2010;34:\t31-36.\nHardy\tJD,\tDuBois\tEF.\t\nRegulation\tof\theat\tloss\tfrom\tthe\thuman\tbody\n\tProc\...
[ -0.04212421178817749, 0.022876273840665817, 0.029300544410943985, -0.07073352485895157, -0.09799766540527344, -0.036356810480356216, 0.016607675701379776, 0.030026474967598915, -0.016670437529683113, 0.04880419000983238, 0.061272673308849335, -0.06829332560300827, 0.044782403856515884, 0.0...
Proc\tNatl\tAcad\tSci\tU\tS\tA\n1937;23:\t624-631.\nHarris\tJA,\tBenedict\tFG.\tA\tbiometric\tstudy\tof\tbasal\tmetabolism\tin\tman,\tPub\tno.\t279\t1919;\nCarnegie\tInstitute\tof\tWashington\tWashington,\n\tDC.\nHeymsfield\tSB,\tPeterson\tCM,\tBourgeois\tB.\tet\tal.\t\nHuman\tenergy\texpenditure:\tadvances\tin\norgan-...
[ -0.05138947814702988, -0.0782647654414177, 0.03021218255162239, -0.1224362924695015, -0.02289626933634281, 0.04291988164186478, 0.020126953721046448, 0.011120288632810116, -0.03545992076396942, 0.04437742382287979, 0.06088465824723244, -0.09080025553703308, 0.03987102583050728, 0.038568142...
organ-tissue\tprediction\tmodels\n\tObes\tRev\t9,\t2018;19:\t1177-1188.\nHipskind\tP,\tGlass\tC,\tCharlton\tD.\tet\tal.\t\nDo\thandheld\tcalorimeters\thave\ta\trole\tin\tassessment\tof\nnutrition\tneeds\tin\thospitalized\tpatients?\tA\tsystematic\treview\tof\tliterature\n\tNutr\tClin\tPract\n2011;26:\t426-433.\nHursel\...
[ -0.01822470687329769, -0.039263248443603516, 0.04500507563352585, -0.061672329902648926, -0.11052408069372177, -0.033664215356111526, 0.034251049160957336, 0.08377446234226227, -0.02617448754608631, 0.03909866884350777, 0.08982118964195251, -0.023017464205622673, -0.017307223752141, 0.0533...
2011;26:\t426-433.\nHursel\tR,\tWesterterp-Plantenga\tMS.\t\nThermogenic\tingredients\tand\tbody\tweight\tregulation\n\tInt\tJ\nObes\t(Lond)\t2010;34:\t659-669.\nInstitute\tof\tMedicine,\tFood\tand\tNutrition\tBoard.\tDietary\treference\tintakes\tfor\tenergy,\ncarbohydrate,\tfiber,\tfat,\tfatty\tacids,\tcholesterol,\tp...
[ -0.032416705042123795, -0.06054164841771126, 0.00009364839206682518, -0.00387873244471848, -0.010979696176946163, 0.01695541851222515, 0.08635378628969193, 0.09831283986568451, -0.0448678582906723, 0.0074297054670751095, 0.11373414844274521, -0.019397778436541557, -0.002167903818190098, -0...
Academies\tPress\tWashington,\tDC.\nInstitute\tof\tMedicine\tof\tthe\tNational\tAcademies,\tFood\tand\tNutrition\tBoard.\tDietary\treference\nintakes\n\tfor\tenergy,\tcarbohydrate,\tfiber,\tfat,\tfatty\tacids,\tcholesterol,\tprotein,\tand\tamino\tacids\n2005;\tNational\tAcademies\tPress\tWashington,\tDC.\nIreton-Jones\...
[ -0.0515587255358696, -0.058970071375370026, 0.005877787247300148, -0.07321648299694061, 0.013519559986889362, 0.08090110123157501, -0.02803650125861168, -0.014504327438771725, -0.04290251061320305, 0.03073250874876976, -0.0023357034660875797, -0.07457642257213593, 0.0012434273958206177, 0....
Ireton-Jones\tC.\t\nIndirect\tcalorimetry\n\tSkipper\tA\tThe\tdietitian’s\thandbook\tof\tenteral\tand\nparenteral\tnutrition\ted.\t3,\t2010;\tJones\tand\tBartlett\tSudbury,\tMA.\nJaved\tF,\tHe\tQ,\tDavidson\tLE.\tet\tal.\t\nBrain\tand\thigh\tmetabolic\trate\torgan\tmass:\tcontributions\tto\nresting\tenergy\n\texpenditu...
[ -0.042864780873060226, -0.03268019109964371, 0.04332592710852623, -0.016592081636190414, -0.040698256343603134, -0.024012088775634766, 0.09579679369926453, 0.007397267501801252, -0.033259157091379166, 0.01548015233129263, 0.03131045028567314, 0.003022866090759635, -0.0034630070440471172, 0...
expenditure\tbeyond\tfat-free\tmass\n\tAm\tJ\tClin\tNutr\t2010;91:\t907-912.\nKee\tAL,\tIsenring\tE,\tHickman\tI.\tet\tal.\t\nResting\tenergy\texpenditure\tof\tmorbidly\tobese\tpatients\nusing\tindirect\tcalorimetry:\ta\tsystematic\treview\n\tObes\tRev\t2012;13:\t753-765.
[ -0.017072970047593117, 0.00952599011361599, 0.01749737747013569, -0.0036778475623577833, -0.052094265818595886, -0.0003936812572646886, 0.12336080521345139, 0.09578543901443481, -0.008339693769812584, -0.006256950553506613, 0.06181633844971657, -0.034719958901405334, -0.008875327184796333, ...
3\nClinical:\tWater,\telectrolytes,\tand\nacid–base\tbalance\nMandy\tL.\tCorrigan,\tMPH,\tRDN,\tCNSC,\tFAND,\tFASPEN,\tLauren\tKruse,\tMS,\tRDN,\tCNSC\nKEY\tTERMS\nacid–base\tbalance\nacidemia\nalkalemia\nanion\tgap\nantidiuretic\thormone\nbuffer\ncontraction\talkalosis\ncorrected\tcalcium\ndehydration\nedema\nelectrol...
[ -0.014646190218627453, -0.1212397962808609, 0.000019350929505890235, -0.08121214807033539, -0.04266262426972389, -0.04191860929131508, 0.05836134031414986, 0.08807843923568726, 0.012925186194479465, 0.023737475275993347, 0.07730482518672943, -0.06946536153554916, 0.0673116073012352, 0.0736...
extracellular\tfluid\t(ECF)\nhydrostatic\tpressure\nhypervolemia\nhyponatremia\ninsensible\n\twater\tloss\ninterstitial\tfluid\nintracellular\tfluid\t(ICF)\nlymph\tedema\nmetabolic\tacidosis\nmetabolic\talkalosis\nmetabolic\twater\nNa/K-ATPase\tpump\noncotic\tpressure\t(colloidal\tosmotic\tpressure)\nosmolality\nosmola...
[ -0.007818647660315037, -0.07549267262220383, 0.01982119306921959, -0.030327480286359787, -0.04251469671726227, -0.026919597759842873, -0.005521601531654596, 0.10368379205465317, -0.0006592471618205309, 0.041937973350286484, 0.052869703620672226, -0.07823905348777771, 0.02743871882557869, 0...
osmolality\nosmolarity\nosmotic\tpressure\nrenin-angiotensin\tsystem\nrespiratory\tacidosis\nrespiratory\talkalosis\nsensible\twater\tloss\n“third\tspace”\tfluid\nTotal\tBody\tWater\t(TBW)\nvasopressin\nFluid,\n\telectrolyte,\tand\tacid–base\tmanagement\tis\tcomplex\tand\trequires\tan\tunderstanding\tof\tthe
[ 0.0033978926949203014, -0.06830248236656189, 0.05832165107131004, -0.001295544090680778, -0.05133850499987602, -0.03180756792426109, 0.08732999861240387, 0.060165394097566605, -0.024668414145708084, 0.021839933469891548, 0.07748666405677795, -0.043863534927368164, 0.03272860497236252, 0.06...
functions\tand\thomeostatic\tmechanisms\tthe\tbody\tuses\tto\tmaintain\tan\toptimal\tenvironment\tfor\tcell\nfunction.\tAlterations\tin\tfluid,\telectrolyte,\tand\tacid–base\tbalance\tare\tcommonly\tseen\tin\thospitalized\npatients\tand\tcan\taffect\thomeostasis\tboth\tacutely\tand\tchronically.\tUnderstanding\tthe\tfu...
[ 0.014044244773685932, -0.03155586123466492, 0.06866315752267838, -0.044933006167411804, -0.08493181318044662, -0.014407147653400898, 0.09489008784294128, 0.01458816509693861, 0.00748394476249814, 0.06444179266691208, 0.05160887539386749, -0.0810561329126358, 0.008363641798496246, 0.0495147...
regulation\tof\tfluid\n\tand\telectrolytes\tlends\tthe\tability\tto\tprevent\tand\ttreat\tthese\timbalances\tin\tpatients\nacross\tany\tdisease\tstate.\nThe\tvolume,\tcomposition,\tand\tdistribution\tof\tbody\tfluids\thave\tprofound\teffects\ton\tcell\tfunction.\tA
[ 0.010451083071529865, -0.04777355119585991, -0.0030308424029499292, -0.06306477636098862, -0.04544484615325928, 0.027796154841780663, 0.11946600675582886, 0.060115933418273926, 0.0031520272605121136, 0.024943633005023003, 0.08291269838809967, -0.052270468324422836, 0.015981018543243408, 0....
stable\tinternal\tenvironment\tis\tmaintained\tthrough\ta\tsophisticated\tnetwork\tof\thomeostatic\nmechanisms,\twhich\tare\tfocused\ton\tensuring\tthat\twater\tintake\tand\twater\tloss\tare\tbalanced.\tDisease,\ntrauma,\tand\tsurgery\tcan\tdisrupt\tfluid,\telectrolyte,\tand\t\nacid–base\tbalance\n\tand\talter\tthe
[ 0.01928209327161312, -0.028626512736082077, 0.05963985621929169, -0.03666457161307335, -0.07729785144329071, 0.011811753734946251, 0.05565512925386429, 0.010663227178156376, -0.007135299034416676, 0.05727432668209076, 0.05783578008413315, -0.05483100935816765, 0.0005518593825399876, 0.0100...
acid–base\tbalance\n\tand\talter\tthe\ncomposition,\tdistribution,\tor\tamount\tof\tbody\tfluids.\tEven\tsmall\tchanges\tin\tpH,\telectrolyte\nconcentrations,\tand\tfluid\tstatus\tcan\tadversely\timpact\tcell\tfunction.\tIf\tthese\talterations\tare\tnot\ncorrected,\tsevere\tconsequences\tor\tdeath\tcan\tensue.\nBody\tw...
[ 0.002497660228982568, -0.06261564046144485, 0.01328520942479372, -0.07739654928445816, -0.04677477478981018, 0.02629319578409195, 0.07418425381183624, 0.03988432511687279, 0.03358624130487442, 0.03540298342704773, 0.09216856956481934, -0.05514049157500267, 0.057595111429691315, 0.020178733...
Body\twater\nWater\tis\tthe\tlargest\tsingle\tcomponent\tof\tthe\tbody.\tAt\n\tbirth,\twater\tis\tat\tthe\thighest\tproportion\tthat\tit\nwill\tbe\tthroughout\tthe\tentire\thuman\tlife\tspan\tand\taccounts\tfor\t75%\tto\t85%\tof\ttotal\tbody\tweight;\tthis\nproportion\tdecreases\twith\tage\tand\tadiposity.\tWater\tacco...
[ 0.006865983828902245, -0.011556524783372879, 0.05829852074384689, 0.020064836367964745, -0.024388110265135765, -0.03451324254274368, 0.12086308747529984, -0.004965569358319044, -0.061276718974113464, 0.03371606767177582, 0.06830225884914398, -0.09307160973548889, 0.03402208909392357, 0.007...
the\tlean\tadult\tbut\tonly\t45%\tto\t55%\tin\tthe\tobese\tadult.\tMetabolically\tactive\tcells\tof\tthe\tmuscle\tand\nviscera\thave\tthe\thighest\tconcentration\tof\twater;\n\tcalcified\ttissue\tcells\thave\tthe\tlowest.\tTotal\tbody\nwater\tis\thigher\tin\tathletes\tthan\tin\tnonathletes,\tdecreases\twith\tage,\tand\...
[ 0.01911114528775215, -0.002349129179492593, 0.07354734092950821, -0.03439202532172203, -0.07452668249607086, -0.0014869124861434102, 0.11661460250616074, -0.029910963028669357, -0.05062859505414963, 0.060807693749666214, 0.02592066116631031, -0.06062484160065651, 0.0746058002114296, -0.003...
muscle\tmass.\tAlthough\tthe\tproportion\tof\tbody\tweight\taccounted\tfor\tby\twater\tvaries\twith\tgender,\nage,\tand\tbody\tfat,\tthere\tis\tlittle\tday-to-day\tvariation\tin\tan\tindividual.\nFunctions\nWater\tmakes\tsolutes\tavailable\tfor\tcellular\treactions,\tregulates\n\tbody\ttemperature,\tmaintains\tblood
[ 0.008457743562757969, -0.050508588552474976, 0.09696673601865768, -0.002073071664199233, -0.1126324012875557, -0.006966730579733849, 0.14356844127178192, -0.022877849638462067, -0.07945507019758224, 0.047306131571531296, 0.08901681751012802, -0.0778786689043045, 0.0031800291035324335, 0.01...
body\ttemperature,\tmaintains\tblood\nvolume,\ttransports\tnutrients,\tand\tis\tinvolved\twith\tdigestion,\tabsorption,\tand\texcretion.\tLoss\tof\t20%\nof\tbody\twater\t(\ndehydration\n)\tmay\tcause\tdeath;\tloss\tof\tonly\t10%\tmay\tlead\tto\tdamage\tto\tessential\nbody\tsystems.\tEven\tmild\tdehydration\t(loss\tof\t...
[ -0.0024393561761826277, -0.035663243383169174, 0.04232685640454292, -0.0040745786391198635, -0.028663884848356247, -0.02336197905242443, 0.12460219860076904, 0.0183438528329134, -0.014172577299177647, 0.026333363726735115, 0.06343934684991837, -0.037398871034383774, 0.0631292462348938, 0.0...
alertness,\tan\tincrease\tin\theart\trate,\tand\ta\tdecrease\tin\texercise\tperformance\n\t(\nMurray,\t2007\n).\tHealthy\nadults\tcan\tlive\tup\tto\t10\tdays\twithout\twater,\tand\tchildren\tcan\tlive\tup\tto\t5\tdays,\twhereas\ta\tperson\tcan\nsurvive\tfor\tseveral\tweeks\twithout\tfood.\nDistribution\nTotal\tbody\twa...
[ -0.0021312949247658253, -0.02855922468006611, 0.03553164750337601, -0.015759799629449844, -0.0121042774990201, -0.027724891901016235, 0.14272774755954742, -0.02145650051534176, 0.005492689087986946, 0.009653137065470219, 0.07232855260372162, -0.06499382853507996, 0.05323617905378342, 0.027...
is\tmainly\tdistributed\tin\tthe\t\nintracellular\tfluid\t(ICF)\n\tand\t\nextracellular\nfluid\t(ECF)\n.\tThe\ttranscellular\tfluid\tis\tcomprised\tof\t3%\tof\tTBW\tand\tis\tthe\tsmall\tamount\tof\tfluid\nmaking\tup\tcerebral\tspinal,\n\tpericardial,\tand\tpleural\tfluids\tas\twell\tas\tfluid\tsurrounding\tthe\teye.\t\...
[ 0.019421404227614403, -0.0916726142168045, 0.030512062832713127, -0.06287647038698196, -0.04891938716173172, -0.036444291472435, 0.07055313885211945, 0.014705986715853214, 0.019192570820450783, 0.05532524362206459, 0.08186277002096176, -0.06934679299592972, -0.0036508834455162287, 0.072077...
ICF\n\tis\ncontained\twithin\tcells\tand\taccounts\tfor\ttwo-thirds\tof\ttotal\tbody\twater.\tECF\taccounts\tfor\tthe\nremaining\tone-third\tof\ttotal\tbody\twater.\tECF\tis\tthe\twater\tand\tdissolved\tsubstances\tin\tthe\tplasma\nand\tlymph,\tand\talso\tincludes\t\ninterstitial\tfluid\n\t(the\tfluid\taround\tthe\tcel...
[ 0.005372646730393171, -0.040969572961330414, 0.01489624660462141, -0.06452533602714539, -0.0075247082859277725, -0.0330796055495739, 0.0842287689447403, -0.021633636206388474, 0.029379231855273247, 0.04597453400492668, 0.05757184699177742, -0.1057366281747818, 0.050939641892910004, 0.02893...
distribution\tof\tbody\twater\tvaries\n\tunder\tdifferent\tcircumstances,\tthe\ttotal\tamount\tin\tthe\tbody\nremains\trelatively\tconstant.\tWater\tintake\tof\tfoods\tand\tbeverages\tis\tbalanced\tby\twater\tlost\tthrough\nurination,\tperspiration,\tfeces,\tand\trespiration.\tEdema\tis\tthe\tabnormal\taccumulation\tof...
[ 0.0018503459868952632, -0.06877569109201431, 0.035041436553001404, -0.056987687945365906, -0.0540459081530571, -0.004680601879954338, 0.06414348632097244, -0.031000759452581406, 0.022865239530801773, 0.06505376845598221, 0.12308065593242645, -0.06678277999162674, 0.08126664906740189, 0.047...
“\nthird\tspace\n,”\tincluding\tintercellular\ttissue\tspaces\tor\tbody\tcavities.\tFluid\tin\tthe\t“third\tspace”\tis\nisolated\tand\ttherefore\tdoes\tnot\tcontribute\n\tto\tthe\tfunctional\tduties\tof\tbody\twater\twithin\tthe\tbody.\nCLINICAL\tINSIGHT\nEdema\nEdema\n\tis\tthe\tabnormal\taccumulation\tof\tinterstitia...
[ -0.012869413010776043, -0.08666090667247772, 0.049000728875398636, -0.04714053124189377, -0.08260547369718552, -0.03642905503511429, 0.08548634499311447, -0.0028364313766360283, 0.029263610020279884, 0.06532631069421768, 0.08289524167776108, -0.034927092492580414, 0.05140683427453041, 0.04...
intercellular\ttissue\tspaces\tor\tbody\tcavities,\tthat\tleads\tto\ta\tpalpable\tand/or\tvisible\tswelling.\tFluid\nin\tthe\t“third\tspace”\tis\tisolated\tand\ttherefore\tdoes\tnot\tcontribute\tto\tthe\tfunctional\tduties\tof\tbody\nwater\twithin\n\tthe\tbody.\nThe\tcauses\tof\tedema\tcan\tbe\tmultifactorial\tand\thav...
[ 0.0038124965503811836, -0.13376358151435852, 0.02790362387895584, -0.055094197392463684, -0.0588490292429924, -0.029212692752480507, 0.08337918668985367, 0.024040022864937782, 0.03181115910410881, 0.06755350530147552, 0.0838569924235344, -0.021438226103782654, 0.04435146600008011, 0.069326...
(\nFig.\t3.1\n).\n1.\t\nDecrease\tin\t\noncotic\tpressure\n\t(the\tpressure\tat\tthe\tcapillary\tmembrane):\tCirculating\nplasma\tproteins\tdecrease\tin\tstates\tlike\tprotein\tlosing\tenteropathy,\tnephrotic\tsyndrome,\tor\nliver\tdisease.\tCirculating\tproteins\tnormally\tdraw\twater\tinto\tthe\tvascular\tspace,\tbut...
[ -0.021607117727398872, -0.0880262553691864, 0.030710475519299507, -0.007972018793225288, -0.09673266857862473, -0.012434476986527443, 0.0689249187707901, 0.04407082870602608, 0.004955191630870104, 0.05145421251654625, 0.08796005696058273, -0.04787773638963699, 0.04742845520377159, 0.094299...
less\tcirculating\n\tproteins\tthere\tis\ta\tdecrease\tin\tcolloid\tpressure\t(albumin\tis\tthe\tlargest\ncontributor\tto\toncotic\tpressure).\n2.\t\nIncrease\tin\tthe\tpermeability\tof\tthe\tcapillaries:\tAllows\tprotein\tleaks\tinto\tthe\tinterstitial\nspace,\tthereby\tattracting\tmore\twater\tout\tof\tthe\tvascular\...
[ 0.03863281011581421, -0.05814196541905403, 0.06621978431940079, -0.045945506542921066, -0.09511476010084152, 0.01792139746248722, 0.0905199646949768, 0.0450555719435215, 0.02052570879459381, 0.04377526789903641, 0.0907893031835556, -0.06273458898067474, 0.05482713505625725, 0.0105187017470...
respiratory\tdistress\tsyndrome,\ttrauma,\tburns,\tor\tinflammation.\n3.\t\nIncrease\tin\t\nhydrostatic\tpressure\n:\tThe\n\tforce\tfrom\tthe\tincreased\tpressure\tor\tblood\tvolume\npushes\tfluid\tinto\tthe\tinterstitial\tspace\tas\tseen\tin\tdisease\tstates\tsuch\tas\tcirrhosis,\ncongestive\theart\tfailure,\trenal\tf...
[ -0.008455656468868256, -0.08086042106151581, 0.026011576876044273, -0.019399112090468407, -0.10706450045108795, 0.0063401092775166035, 0.03403453156352043, 0.053979936987161636, -0.008802066557109356, 0.07642272859811783, 0.04134172201156616, 0.011361822485923767, 0.08132173866033554, 0.06...
4.\t\nLymphatic\tdysfunction:\t\nLymph\tedema\n\tis\tusually\tlocalized\tto\tspecific\tareas\tof\tthe\tbody\nwhen\tthere\tis\tan\tobstruction\tof\tthe\tlymphatic\tvessels.\tIt\toccurs\twhen\tfluid\tand\tprotein\ncannot\treturn\tto\tcirculation,\n\tand\tthe\ttrapped\tprotein-rich\tlymph\tfluid\tattracts\twater.\nLymph\t...
[ 0.029605040326714516, -0.0567178949713707, 0.07478566467761993, -0.03780267387628555, -0.09912389516830444, 0.00004724692917079665, 0.09088695794343948, 0.0400177463889122, 0.011535221710801125, 0.06497249007225037, 0.06979680806398392, -0.03276848420500755, 0.04382452368736267, 0.04314858...
dissection.\nEdema\tis\tgraded\tbased\ton\tseverity\t(grades\t1,\t2,\t3,\t4+)\tand\tcan\tbe\tclassified\tas\tpitting\tor\nnonpitting.\tIf\tpressure\tis\tapplied\tby\ta\tfinger\tor\tthumb\tto\tan\tarea\twith\tedema,\tit\tis\tclassified\tas\npitting\tedema\twhen\tan\timpression\tor\t“pit”\tremains\tafter\n\tthe\tfinger\t...
[ -0.06288279592990875, 0.0022474268916994333, 0.08216100931167603, -0.03838072344660759, -0.10199731588363647, -0.029096605256199837, 0.05137887969613075, 0.008216711692512035, -0.007961951196193695, 0.06399152427911758, 0.08679426461458206, 0.02103530988097191, -0.010673555545508862, 0.072...
the\tfinger\tis\tremoved\t(\nFig.\t3.2\n).\nEdema\tis\ttypically\treferred\tto\tby\tthe\tlocation\tit\tis\tpresent\t(e.g.,\tpedal\tedema\twhen\tpresent\tin\nthe\tfeet\tor\tperipheral\tedema\twhen\tfound\tin\tthe\textremities).\tEdema\tcan\talso\tbe\tfurther\ncategorized\tas\tdependent,\tindependent,\tor\tgeneralized.\t...
[ 0.0026878623757511377, -0.05075070261955261, 0.050464145839214325, -0.044120918959379196, -0.14529627561569214, 0.007344561163336039, 0.06133086606860161, -0.035633400082588196, 0.035344649106264114, 0.07862981408834457, 0.1250690370798111, 0.029828108847141266, 0.024668417870998383, 0.015...
accumulation\tof\tfluid\tin\tinferior\tareas.\tFor\texample,\ta\tpatient\ton\tbed\trest\twith\tperipheral\n\tedema
[ 0.023068416863679886, -0.07036340236663818, 0.013443740084767342, -0.036166001111269, -0.06166058033704758, -0.014564775861799717, 0.11051934212446213, 0.08146938681602478, 0.04305334761738777, 0.0018877260154113173, 0.07011765241622925, -0.0348917581140995, 0.039827749133110046, 0.0839383...
and\televated\tlegs/feet\tmay\texperience\tdependent\tedema\tin\tthe\tsacrum\tand\thips\twith\tthe\tfluid\nshifting\tto\tan\tinferior\tarea\tof\tthe\tbody.\tGeneralized\tedema\tis\tnot\tconfined\tto\tone\tarea\trather\tfluid\naccumulates\tall\tthroughout\tthe\tbody.\tIn\tcontrast,\tindependent\tedema\tis\tisolated\tto\...
[ 0.0023488097358494997, -0.038996823132038116, 0.10407527536153793, -0.041921015828847885, -0.08507668972015381, -0.012191785499453545, 0.07715436816215515, -0.02155478484928608, 0.003408962395042181, 0.07937908917665482, 0.07354487478733063, -0.012099691666662693, 0.002440007869154215, 0.0...
the\tbody\t(\nRatliff,\t2015\n).\nWhen\tconducting\tnutrition\tfocused\tphysical\texamination\tas\tpart\tof\tthe\tnutrition\n\tassessment,\tit’s\nimportant\tto\tevaluate\tboth\tsides\tof\tthe\tbody,\tleft\tand\tright,\tfor\tthe\tpresence\tor\tabsence\tof\tedema\nsince\tedema\tcan\tbe\tunilateral\tor\tbilateral.\nFIG.\t...
[ -0.03133087977766991, -0.030438821762800217, 0.023524390533566475, -0.025737423449754715, -0.07768558710813522, -0.015392924658954144, 0.07217419147491455, 0.028035223484039307, 0.007548005785793066, 0.04926850646734238, 0.08628750592470169, 0.001957179279997945, 0.06788869202136993, 0.037...
Effects\tof\tIntravascular\tand\tInterstitial\tPressure\ton\tFluid\tMovement\nFIG.\t3.2\nPitting\tEdema\nWater\tbalance\nWater\tmovement\tis\tdictated\tby\thydrostatic\tpressure,\tdiffusion,\tosmosis,\tand\tactive\ttransport.\tWater\nmoves\tin\tand\tout\tof\tthe\tICF\tand\tECF\tbased\ton\tthe\t\nosmolarity\n\t(ability\...
[ -0.009935052134096622, -0.02754403091967106, 0.09032873064279556, -0.011382965371012688, -0.01885044202208519, 0.05413760617375374, 0.05225198715925217, 0.07954312115907669, -0.011063018813729286, 0.05309527367353439, 0.056319233030080795, -0.009250698611140251, 0.01229776255786419, 0.0605...
osmolarity\n\t(ability\tfor\tosmotic\tpressure\tto\tmove\nfluid\tbetween\tcompartments)\tto\tobtain\tequilibrium.\tOsmotic\tpressure\tis\tdirectly\tproportional\tto\tthe\nnumber\tof\tparticles\tin\tthe\tsolution\tand\tusually\trefers\n\tto\tthe\tpressure\tat\tthe\tcell\tmembrane.\tThe\nsodium-potassium\tadenosine\ttrip...
[ 0.004162270575761795, -0.1159912720322609, 0.03567419573664665, 0.005048682913184166, -0.09685543924570084, -0.006021453067660332, 0.083938367664814, 0.0773886889219284, -0.01975654438138008, 0.010267039760947227, 0.05473118647933006, -0.024463634938001633, 0.022110052406787872, 0.05148286...
Na/K-ATPase\tpump\n)\tplays\ta\tkey\trole\tin\nregulating\twater\tbalance.\tIn\tsimple\tterms,\tosmotic\tpressure\tof\tthe\tICF\tis\ta\tfunction\tof\tits\tpotassium\ncontent\tbecause\tpotassium\tis\tthe\tpredominant\tintracellular\tcation.\tThe\tosmotic\tpressure\tof\tECF\tis\nrelative\tto\tthe\tsodium\tcontent\tbecaus...
[ 0.011435299180448055, -0.0823943242430687, 0.0863824114203453, -0.042242780327796936, -0.10114608705043793, 0.009108664467930794, 0.1081608459353447, -0.02551376074552536, 0.010569380596280098, 0.0849231407046318, 0.07504995167255402, -0.10524648427963257, 0.08278011530637741, 0.0707015544...
cation.\tAlthough\tvariations\nin\tthe\tdistribution\tof\tsodium\tand\tpotassium\tions\tare\tthe\tprincipal\tcauses\tof\twater\tshifts\tbetween\tthe
[ 0.0455160029232502, -0.07770693302154541, 0.06462787836790085, -0.0009518167353235185, -0.05937706679105759, 0.020695935934782028, 0.12036608159542084, 0.0014348413096740842, 0.0205568578094244, 0.062100302428007126, 0.046121105551719666, -0.08530416339635849, 0.03338300436735153, 0.027078...
various\tfluid\tcompartments,\tchloride\tand\tphosphate\talso\tare\tinvolved\twith\twater\tbalance\t(see\tthe\nelectrolyte\n\tsection\tlater\tin\tthis\tchapter).\nOsmolality\n\tis\ta\tmeasure\tof\tthe\tosmotically\tactive\tparticles\tper\tkilogram\tof\tthe\tsolvent\tin\twhich\nthe\tparticles\tare\tdispersed.\n\tThe\tav...
[ -0.020143035799264908, -0.04676171764731407, 0.057334765791893005, -0.04971383884549141, -0.058443181216716766, -0.019777964800596237, 0.10468243807554245, 0.029557686299085617, 0.02351299673318863, 0.05661837011575699, 0.05424347519874573, -0.0523175448179245, 0.053739216178655624, 0.0451...
The\taverage\tsum\tof\tthe\tconcentration\tof\tall\tthe\tcations\tin\tserum\tis\napproximately\t150\tmEq/L.\tThe\tcation\tconcentration\tis\tbalanced\tby\t150\tmEq/L\tof\tanions,\tyielding\ta\ntotal\tserum\tosmolality\tof\tapproximately\t300\tmOsm/L.\tOsmolality\tor\ttonicity\tare\twords\tused
[ 0.01160980761051178, -0.05351924151182175, 0.018515832722187042, -0.053833846002817154, -0.08278850466012955, 0.005065992474555969, 0.05169227346777916, 0.016610506922006607, 0.02146158181130886, 0.04006689786911011, 0.09213129431009293, -0.0469454750418663, 0.036654964089393616, 0.0373505...
interchangeably\tin\tclinical\tpractice.\tNormal\tosmolality\tor\ttonicity\tis\t280\tto\t300\tmOsms\tand\tvalues\nabove\tor\tbelow\tthis\trange\tare\ttermed\thypotonic\n\t(typically\ta\tsign\tof\twater\texcess)\tor\thypertonic\n(often\ta\tsign\tof\twater\tdeficit).\nShifts\tin\twater\tbalance\tcan\thave\tadverse\tconse...
[ -0.045412853360176086, -0.0813278928399086, 0.053128015249967575, -0.07302116602659225, -0.10554619133472443, 0.01792236976325512, 0.03187350928783417, 0.01061744149774313, 0.040439117699861526, 0.022547587752342224, 0.07978798449039459, -0.05108882486820221, 0.031645484268665314, 0.058673...
gastrointestinal\t(GI)\ttract,\tkidneys,\tand\tbrain,\twhich\tkeeps\tbody\twater\tcontent\tfairly\tconstant.\tSkin,\nthe\tbody’s\tlargest\torgan,\talso\tplays\ta\trole\tin\tregulating\ttemperature\tand\tbody\twater.\tIn\tgeneral,\tthe\namount\tof\twater\tintake\n\tis\tapproximately\tequivalent\tto\toutput\teach\tday.
[ 0.02148604579269886, -0.0937589779496193, 0.06067657470703125, -0.02599436230957508, -0.10121680796146393, -0.0039017321541905403, 0.11792514473199844, -0.01658507063984871, 0.004010599572211504, 0.02522985450923443, 0.08512447774410248, -0.030365558341145515, 0.00767110800370574, 0.033268...
is\tapproximately\tequivalent\tto\toutput\teach\tday.\nMechanisms\tto\tmaintain\twater\tequilibrium\tcome\tfrom\ta\tnumber\tof\thormones\tincluding\nantidiuretic\thormone\n\t(aka\t\nvasopressin\n),\taldosterone,\tangiotensin\tII,\tcortisone,\tnorepinephrine,\nand\tepinephrine\t(\nCanada\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\tIncreased\ts...
[ 0.029428165405988693, -0.08759959787130356, 0.016409991309046745, -0.04385329410433769, -0.09715732932090759, 0.025179481133818626, 0.054019104689359665, 0.03997953236103058, 0.014766165986657143, 0.07414467632770538, 0.07005385309457779, -0.032534368336200714, 0.056815460324287415, 0.0953...