0 stringlengths 12 494 | embeddings listlengths 384 384 |
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commonly\tused\tindicator\tto\tassess\tthe\tsize\tand\tgrowth\tpatterns\n\tof\tchildren\tand\tteens\taged\t2\tto\t20\nyears\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\t(see\t\nAppendix\t4\n).\tConsistent\tplotting\twithin\ta\tgrowth\tchannel\tbetween\nthe\t5%\tto\t85%\tis\tconsidered\tnormal\tgrowth\talthough\thealthy\toutliers\tdo\texi... | [
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0.02959257736802101,
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0.0637257993221283,
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0.0575823076069355,
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0.02238461561501026,
0.01643889... |
status\tcategories\tare\tnoted\tin\t\nBox\t5.3\n.\nBOX\t5.3\nInterpretation\tof\tBMI-for-Age\tPercentiles\tin\tChildren\tand\nTeens\nPercentile\tRange\nInterpretation\nLess\tthan\n\t5th\tpercentile\nUnderweight\n5th\tpercentile\tto\tless\tthan\t85th\tpercentile\nHealthy\tweight\n85th\tpercentile\tto\tless\tthan\tthe\t9... | [
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Overweight\nEqual\tto\tor\tgreater\tthan\tthe\t95th\tpercentile\nObese\nInterpretation\tof\theight\tand\tweight\tin\tadults\nIn\tadults,\theight\tand\tweight\tmeasurements\tare\talso\tuseful\tfor\tevaluating\tnutrition\tstatus.\tBoth\nshould\tbe\tmeasured\tbecause\tthe\ttendency\n\tis\tto\toverestimate\theight\tand\tun... | [
0.018329907208681107,
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0.050424061715602875,
0.06694845855236053,
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0.06583103537559509,
0.05902331694960594,
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0.025... |
is\tto\toverestimate\theight\tand\tunderestimate\tweight,\nresulting\tin\tan\tunderestimation\tof\tthe\trelative\tweight\tor\tBMI.\tIn\taddition,\tmany\tadults\tare\tlosing\nheight\tas\ta\tresult\tof\tosteoporosis,\tjoint\tdeterioration,\tand\tpoor\tposture,\tand\tthis\tshould\tbe\ndocumented. | [
0.03823382779955864,
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0.09206079691648483,
0.020382815971970558,
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0.08282589912414551,
0.07815218716859818,
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0.012803911231458187,
0.030365... |
documented.\nMeasurements\tof\theight\tcan\tbe\tobtained\tusing\ta\tdirect\tor\tan\tindirect\tapproach.\tThe\tdirect\tmethod\ninvolves\ta\tstadiometer,\tand\tthe\tadult\tmust\n\tbe\table\tto\tstand\tstraight\tor\trecline\tflat.\tIndirect\tmethods,\nincluding\tknee-height\tmeasurements,\tarm\tspan,\tor\trecumbent\tlengt... | [
-0.013588367030024529,
0.024653233587741852,
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0.03345482051372528,
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0.02186... |
options\tfor\tthose\twho\tcannot\tstand\tor\tstand\tstraight,\tsuch\tas\tindividuals\twith\tscoliosis,\tkyphosis\n(curvature\tof\tthe\tspine),\tcerebral\tpalsy,\tmuscular\tdystrophy,\tcontractures,\tparalysis,\tor\tthose\twho\nare\tbedridden\t(see\t\nAppendix\t6\n).\tRecumbent\n\theight\tmeasurements\tmade\twith\ta\tta... | [
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0.034200578927993774,
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0.05088925361633301,
0.08924825489521027,
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0.002418999094516039,
0.05168703... |
).\tRecumbent\n\theight\tmeasurements\tmade\twith\ta\ttape\tmeasure\twhile\nthe\tperson\tis\tin\tbed\tmay\tbe\tappropriate\tfor\tindividuals\tin\tinstitutions\twho\tare\tcomatose,\tcritically\till,\nor\tunable\tto\tbe\tmoved.\tHowever,\tthis\tmethod\tcan\tbe\tused\tonly\twith\tpatients\twho\tdo\tnot\thave\nmusculoskele... | [
-0.01279465388506651,
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0.1176256313920021,
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0.047810450196266174,
0.01058476... |
Using\tHeight\tand\tWeight\tto\tAssess\ta\tHospitalized\tPatient’s\nNutritional\tStatus\n•\t\nMeasure.\tDo\tnot\tjust\task\ta\tperson’s\theight.\n•\t\nMeasure\tweight\t(at\tadmission\tat\tadmission\tand\tcurrent).\n•\t\nDetermine\tpercentage\tof\tweight\tchange\tover\ttime\t(weight\tpattern).\n•\t\nDetermine\tpercentag... | [
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0.023414524272084236,
0.05918... |
•\t\nDetermine\tpercentage\tabove\tor\tbelow\tusual\tor\tideal\tbody\tweight.\nIdeal\tweight\tfor\theight\treference\tstandards\tsuch\tas\tthe\tMetropolitan\tLife\tInsurance\tTables\tfrom\n1959\tand\t1983\tor\tthe\tNational\tHealth\tand\tNutrition\n\tExamination\tSurvey\tpercentiles\tare\tno\tlonger\nused.\tA\tcommonly... | [
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0.0516539067029953,
0.10322512686252594,
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0.06179463490843773,
0.0199891... |
Hamwi\tet\nal,\t1964\n).\tIt\tdoes\tnot\tadjust\tfor\tage,\trace,\tor\tframe\tsize\tand\tits\tvalidity\tis\tquestionable.\tNonetheless,\nit\tis\tin\twidespread\tuse\tby\tclinicians\tas\ta\tquick\tmethod\tfor\testimation\tof\tideal\tweight:\nMen:\t106\tlb\tfor\tfirst\t5\tfeet\tof\theight\tand\t6\tlb\tper\tinch\tover\n\t... | [
0.008473278023302555,
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0.0012996247969567776,
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0.02530258148908615,
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0.03546052426099777,
0.0548913... |
5\tfeet;\tor\t6\tlb\tsubtracted\tfor\teach\ninch\tunder\t5\tfeet\nWomen:\t100\tlb\tfor\tfirst\t5\tfeet\tof\theight\tand\t5\tlb\tper\tinch\tover\t5\tfeet;\tor\t5\tlb\tsubtracted\tfor\neach\tinch\tunder\t5\tfeet\nUsing\tthe\tHamwi\tmethod\ta\tfemale\twho\tis\t5\tfeet\t5\tinches\ttall\twould\thave\tan\tideal\tweight\tof\n... | [
-0.05053655430674553,
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0.07203353941440582,
0.06816429644823074,
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0.02030276320874691,
0.04... |
125\tlb.\nActual\tbody\tweight\tis\tthe\tweight\tmeasurement\tobtained\tat\tthe\ttime\tof\texamination.\tThis\nmeasurement\tmay\tbe\tinfluenced\tby\tchanges\n\tin\tthe\tindividual’s\tfluid\tstatus.\tWeight\tloss\tcan\treflect\ndehydration\tbut\talso\tcan\treflect\ta\tpattern\tof\tsuboptimal\tfood\tintake.\tThe\tpercent... | [
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0.04897088557481766,
0.04397526755928993,
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0.025616442784667015,
0.09088809043169022,
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0.016337880864739418,
0.00839... |
highly\tindicative\tof\tthe\textent\tand\tseverity\tof\tan\tindividual’s\tillness.\tThe\tCharacteristics\tof\nMalnutrition\tdefined\tby\tthe\tAcademy\tof\tNutrition\tand\tDietetics\t(AND)\tand\tthe\tAmerican\tSociety\tfor\nParenteral\tand\tEnteral\tNutrition\t(ASPEN)\n\tserve\tas\ta\tbenchmark\tfor\tevaluating\tweight\... | [
0.03938258811831474,
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0.06514322757720947,
0.029344916343688965,
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0.10269338637590408,
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0.0332... |
White\tet\nal,\t2012\n):\n•\t\nSignificant\tweight\tloss:\t5%\tloss\tin\ta\tmonth,\t7.5%\tloss\tin\t3\tmonths,\t10%\tloss\tin\t6\tmonths\n•\t\nSevere\tweight\tloss:\t>5%\tweight\tloss\tin\ta\tmonth,\t>7.5%\tweight\tloss\tin\t3\tmonths,\t>10%\nweight\tloss\tin\t6\tmonths\n•\t\nFor\texample,\tif\ta\tperson’s\tusual\tweig... | [
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0.0... |
loss\tof\t20\tlb.\n•\t\nIf\tthis\tperson\thas\tlost\tthis\t10%\tin\t2\tmonths,\tthat\twould\tbe\tmore\tthan\t7.5%\tin\t3\tmonths\tand\nconsidered\tSEVERE\tweight\tloss.\nAnother\tmethod\tfor\tevaluating\tthe\tpercentage\tof\n\tweight\tloss\tis\tto\tcalculate\tan\tindividual’s\tcurrent\nweight\tas\ta\tpercentage\tof\tus... | [
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0.08152405917644501,
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0.02344341389834881,
-0.0... |
Usual\tbody\tweight\t(UBW)\n\tis\ta\tmore\tuseful\tparameter\nthan\t\nideal\tbody\tweight\t(IBW)\n\tfor\tthose\twho\tare\texperiencing\tinvoluntary\tweight\tloss.\tHowever,\none\tproblem\twith\tusing\tUBW\tis\tthat\tit\tmay\tdepend\ton\tthe\tpatient’s\tmemory.\nBody\tmass\tindex\nThe\t\nQuetelet\tindex\t(W/H\n2\n)\n\to... | [
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0.08061939477920532,
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0... |
2\n)\n\tor\tthe\t\nbody\tmass\tindex\t(BMI)\n\tis\tused\tto\n\tdetermine\twhether\tan\nadult’s\tweight\tis\tappropriate\tfor\theight\tand\tcan\tindicate\tovernutrition\tor\tundernutrition.\tBMI\naccounts\tfor\tdifferences\tin\tbody\tcomposition\tby\tdefining\tthe\tlevel\tof\tadiposity\tand\trelating\tit\tto\nheight,\tt... | [
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0.040377091616392136,
0.0858866274356842,
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0.046086445450782776,
0.033... |
Stensland\tand\tMargolis,\t1990\n).\tNumerous\nresearch\tstudies\thave\tdemonstrated\tthat\tindividuals\twith\ta\thigher\tBMI\tare\tmore\tlikely\tto\texperience\nobesity-related\thealth\tissues\t(\nFlegal\tet\tal,\t2013\n),\thowever\tthere\tis\tno\tsingle\tbody\tfat\tmeasure\tthat\nclearly\tdifferentiates\tbetween\thea... | [
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0.06652029603719711,
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0.03754135221242905,
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0.0652732402086258,
0.08734018355607986,
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0.0186... |
Metric:\tBMI\t=\tWeight\t(kg)\t÷\tHeight\t(m)\n2\nEnglish:\tBMI\t=\tWeight\t(lb)\t÷\tHeight\t(in)\n2\n\t×\t703\nNomograms\tare\talso\tavailable\tto\tcalculate\tBMI,\tas\tare\tvarious\tcharts\t(see\t\nAppendix\t8\n).\tThe\nClinical\n\tInsight\tbox:\t\nCalculating\tBMI\tand\tDetermining\tAppropriate\tBody\tWeight\n\tgive... | [
0.017469918355345726,
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0.06140202656388283,
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0.01403674203902483,
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0.056857... |
gives\tan\texample\tof\nthe\tBMI\tcalculation.\nCLINICAL\tINSIGHT\nCalculating\tBMI\tand\tDetermining\tAppropriate\tBody\tWeight | [
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0.026... |
Example:\tWoman\twho\tis\t5′8″\t(68\tin)\ttall\tand\tweighs\t185\tpounds\t(lb)\nStep\t1:\tCalculate\tcurrent\tBMI:\nFormula:\n(Metric)\nWeight\t(kg)\t84\tkg\t÷\tHeight\t(m\n2\n)\t\n(1.72\tm)\t×\t(1.72\tm)\t=\t84\t÷\t2.96\tm\n2\n\t=\tBMI\t=\t28.4\n\t=\noverweight\nStep\t2:\tAppropriate\tweight\trange\tto\thave\ta\tBMI\t... | [
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0.042607251554727554,
0.040615539997816086,
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0.07065314054489136,
0.004565692972391844,
0.015651972964406013,
0.027114327996969223,
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0.029865777119994164,
0.0... |
18.5\n(18.5)\t×\t(2.96)\t=\t54.8\tkg\t=\t121\tlb\n24.9\n(24.9)\t×\t(2.96)\t=\t73.8\tkg\t=\t162\tlb\nAppropriate\tweight\trange\t=\t121\t−\t162\tlb\tor\t54.8\t−\t73.8\tkg\nFormula\t(English)\tWeight\t(lb)\t\n÷\t(Height\t[in]\t×\tHeight\t[in])\t×\t703\t=\tBMI\nBMI\n,\tBody\tmass\tindex.\nStandards\tclassify\ta\tBMI\tof\t... | [
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0.04087948426604271,
0.027347708120942116,
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0.0357554629445076,
0.05486273020505905,
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0.02904633805155754,
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0.013273040764033794,
0.03576... |
adult\tas\tunderweight,\ta\tBMI\tbetween\t25\tand\t29.9\nas\toverweight,\tand\ta\tBMI\tgreater\tthan\t30\tas\tobese.\tA\thealthy\tBMI\tfor\tadults\tis\tconsidered\tbetween\n18.5\tand\t24.9\t(\nCDC,\t2018\n).\tThere\tare\tsome\tclinical\tlimitations\tto\tthe\tuse\tof\tBMI\tas\ta\tmeasure\tof\nbody\tfatness.\tAge,\tsex,\... | [
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0.06441333144903183,
0.05228754132986069,
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0.0003050862578675151,
0.08933866769075394,
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0.001851... |
body\tfat.\tBMI\tdoes\tnot\tdistinguish\tbetween\texcess\tfat,\n\tmuscle,\tand\tbone\tmass\tor\tfat\tdistribution.\nBMI\tis\tcorrelated\twith\tweight\tmore\tthan\tfat\t(\nCDC,\t2018\n).\tBMI\tvalues\ttend\tto\tincrease\twith\tage\tand\nthereby\tincreasing\trisk\tfor\tobesity-related\thealth\tissues.\tHowever,\tfor\told... | [
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0.025875017046928406,
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0.003125441027805209,
0.11118625104427338,
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0.0200333334505558,
0.038424458... |
conditions,\tthere\tis\tincreasing\tevidence\tthat\tan\tobesity\tparadox\texists\tin\twhich\tan\televated\tBMI\tis\nassociated\twith\tlower\tall-cause\tand\tcardiovascular\tmortality\n\tcompared\twith\tpatients\twith\tlower\nweight\t(\nWinter\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nHainer\tand\tAldhoon-Hainerová,\t2013\n;\tsee\t\nChapter... | [
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0.03702637925744057,
0.10604695975780487,
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0.05415840074419975,
0.09200755506753922,
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0.02552558109164238,
0.10718133300542831,
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0.02077021822333336,
0.0317642... |
;\tsee\t\nChapter\t19\n).\nBody\tcomposition\nBody\tcomposition\n\tis\ta\tcritical\tcomponent\tof\tnutrition\tassessment\tand\tmedical\tstatus.\tIt\tis\tused\nconcurrently\twith\tother\tassessment\tfactors\tto\tdifferentiate\tthe\testimated\tproportions\tof\tfat\tmass,\nsoft\ttissue\tbody\tmass,\tand\tbone\tmass.\tFor\... | [
0.04027063399553299,
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0.08005347847938538,
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0.032336361706256866,
0.07483357191085815,
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0.049296073615550995,
0.07490262389183044,
-0.055881746113300323,
0.06021486967802048,
0.0049297... |
and\tathletes\tmay\tbe\twrongly\nclassified\tas\toverweight\tbecause\tof\texcess\tmuscle\tmass\tcontributing\tto\tincreased\tweight\trather\tthan\nexcessive\tadipose\ttissue.\tOlder\tadults\ttend\tto\thave\tlower\tbone\tdensity\tand\treduced\tlean\tbody\tmass\nand\ttherefore\tmay\tweigh\tless\tthan\tyounger\tadults\tof... | [
0.02199401892721653,
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0.06868735700845718,
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0.082088902592659,
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0.07723147422075272,
0.05423136055469513,
-0.04684002697467804,
0.0700073093175888,
0.02800031... |
Variation\tin\tbody\tcomposition\texists\tamong\tdifferent\tpopulation\tgroups\tas\n\twell\tas\twithin\tthe\tsame\ngroup.\tThe\tmajority\tof\tbody\tcomposition\tstudies\tthat\twere\tperformed\ton\twhites\tmay\tnot\tbe\tvalid\tfor\nother\tethnic\tgroups.\tThere\tare\tdifferences\tand\tsimilarities\tbetween\tblacks\tand\... | [
0.07788470387458801,
-0.0606389120221138,
0.08464165776968002,
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0.03751000016927719,
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0.014111680909991264,
0.05470173433423042,
0.06452967971563339,
-0.03853048384189606,
0.0776587724685669,
-0.00481... |
free\tbody\tmass,\tfat\tpatterning,\tand\tbody\tdimensions\tand\tproportions;\tblacks\thave\tgreater\tbone\nmineral\tdensity\tand\tbody\tprotein\tcompared\twith\twhites\t(\nWagner\tand\tHeyward,\t2000\n).\tIn\taddition,\noptimal\tBMIs\tfor\tAsian\tpopulations\tmust\tbe\tin\tthe\tlower\tranges\tof\t“normal”\tfor\toptima... | [
0.009076331742107868,
0.005605893209576607,
0.06520852446556091,
-0.03448686748743057,
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-0.015790410339832306,
0.10006193071603775,
0.006833197548985481,
0.012652356177568436,
0.06268054991960526,
0.09872782230377197,
-0.02633187174797058,
0.04389301314949989,
0.0207899... |
reflect\ttheir\thigher\trisk\tfor\tcardiovascular\tdisease\tand\tdiabetes\t(\nAraneta\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\tThese\tfactors\nmust\tbe\tconsidered\tto\tavoid\tinaccurate\testimation\tof\tbody\tfat\tand\tinterpretation\tof\trisk.\nImaging\ttechniques\tsuch\tas\tdual-energy\tx-ray\tabsorptiometry\t(DXA)\tand\tmagnetic\treson... | [
-0.04787302389740944,
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0.05514255538582802,
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0.06935106962919235,
0.04263361543416977,
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0.07526758313179016,
0.08283108472824097,
-0.04444294795393944,
0.004242080729454756,
0.0459... |
imaging\n\t(MRI)\tare\tused\tin\tresearch\tand\tclinical\tsettings\tto\tassess\tbody\tcomposition.\tThe\tfocus\tof\tthe\nresearch\ton\tdifferent\timaging\tmethodologies\tis\tto\tquantify\tcharacteristics\tof\tlean\tsoft\ttissue\t(LST)\nthat\tpredicts\tclinical\trisk\tand\tnutrition\tstatus.\tAreas\tof\tgreatest\tresear... | [
0.019147993996739388,
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0.0714704766869545,
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0.06770501285791397,
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0.019817685708403587,
0.0413205549120903,
0.07174983620643616,
0.005771113093942404,
0.06678423285484314,
0.043605... |
sarcopenia,\tsarcopenic\tobesity\t(individuals\twith\tobesity,\tlow\tmuscle\tmass,\tlow\tmuscle\tstrength,\tand\nlow\n\tphysical\tperformance),\tand\tosteosarcopenic\tobesity\t(individuals\twith\tobesity,\tbone\tloss,\tlow\nmuscle\tmass,\tlow\tmuscle\tstrength,\tand\tlow\tphysical\tperformance)\t(\nPrado\tand\tHeymsfie... | [
0.02415725216269493,
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0.03903169929981232,
0.02272116206586361,
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0.09943407773971558,
0.01847136951982975,
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0.05271982029080391,
0.08313056081533432,
-0.039974987506866455,
0.012769707478582859,
0.0797... |
Prado\tand\tHeymsfield,\t2014\n).\nSubcutaneous\tfat\tin\tskinfold\tthickness\nIn\tresearch\tstudies\tand\tselected\thealth\tcare\tsettings,\tfat-fold\tor\tskinfold\tthickness\tmeasurements\nmay\tbe\tused\tto\testimate\tbody\tfat\tin\tan\tindividual.\tSkinfold\tmeasurement\n\tassumes\tthat\t50%\tof\tbody | [
0.00807477068156004,
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0.061895739287137985,
0.016182206571102142,
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0.12430930137634277,
0.027779674157500267,
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0.06347052752971649,
0.12401673942804337,
-0.04700489714741707,
-0.0392274484038353,
0.033796... |
assumes\tthat\t50%\tof\tbody\nfat\tis\tsubcutaneous.\tBecause\tof\tlimitations\twith\taccuracy\tand\treproducibility,\tthese\tmeasurements\nare\tnot\tused\troutinely\tin\tclinical\tsettings.\nCircumference\tmeasurements\nCircumference\tmeasurements\tmay\tbe\tuseful\tin\thealth\tcare\tsettings\tin\twhich\tthese\tmeasure... | [
0.018830278888344765,
-0.0020755489822477102,
0.04813046380877495,
0.01788339577615261,
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0.09960783272981644,
0.05367136001586914,
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0.045563310384750366,
0.08971800655126572,
-0.09047616273164749,
0.023980475962162018,
0.062014... |
are\trecorded\tperiodically\t(e.g.,\tmonthly\tor\tquarterly)\tand\ttracked\tover\ttime\tto\tidentify\ttrends\tand\npotential\n\trisk\tfactors\tfor\tchronic\tconditions.\tHowever,\tin\tacutely\till\tindividuals\twith\tdaily\tfluid\tshifts\nmeasures\tof\tarm\tcircumference\tand\ttriceps\tskinfold\t(TSF)\tmeasurements\tus... | [
-0.002100250916555524,
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0.032928839325904846,
-0.04016488045454025,
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0.055868275463581085,
0.03221356123685837,
0.015013128519058228,
0.03634608909487724,
0.07045505940914154,
-0.03540105000138283,
0.024398623034358025,
0.034... |
Use\tof\tneck\tcircumference\t(NC)\thas\tbeen\tproposed\tas\ta\tmarker\tof\toverweight,\tobesity,\tand\nassociated\tdisease\trisk\tin\tchildren\tand\tadults.\tIts\tmeasurement\tis\ta\tnovel,\tnoninvasive\tscreening\ttool\nthat\tis\n\teasy\tto\tdo\twithout\tthe\tprivacy\tconcerns\tassociated\twith\twaist\tand\thip\tcirc... | [
0.04259735718369484,
-0.04751399904489517,
0.042406171560287476,
-0.00824563205242157,
-0.05411819741129875,
0.021284030750393867,
0.12377152591943741,
-0.0024466942995786667,
0.01069012563675642,
0.04463301971554756,
0.04807020351290703,
-0.0688810646533966,
0.042870618402957916,
0.075392... |
measurements.\tNC\tis\tmeasured\ton\tbare\tskin\tbetween\tthe\tmidcervical\tspine\tand\tmidanterior\tneck\njust\tbelow\tthe\tlaryngeal\tprominence\t(the\tAdam’s\tapple)\twith\tthe\thead\tin\tthe\tFrankfurt\tplane\n(looking\tstraight\tahead).\tThe\ttape\tshould\tbe\tas\tclose\tto\thorizontal\tas\tanatomically\tfeasible\... | [
0.03054390475153923,
-0.04828421026468277,
0.05367964133620262,
-0.011179548688232899,
-0.14033499360084534,
-0.0016829348169267178,
0.06487394124269485,
0.031647078692913055,
0.0024651195853948593,
0.05514487251639366,
0.0866718515753746,
-0.07248645275831223,
0.024865951389074326,
0.0316... |
tape\tline\tin\tthe\tfront\tof\tthe\n\tneck\twill\tbe\tat\tthe\tsame\theight\tas\tthe\ttape\tline\tin\tthe\tback\tof\tthe\tneck)\n(\nCoelho\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\nStudies\tof\tadults\tand\telderly\treport\tthat\tNC\tis\tassociated\thighly\twith\twaist\tcircumference,\tweight,\nBMI,\tand\tpercent\tbody\tfat.\tLarge\tNC\t(>... | [
-0.000779304071329534,
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0.06096576899290085,
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0.008854197338223457,
0.07174566388130188,
0.039507389068603516,
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-0.0016398492734879255,
0.11782283335924149,
-0.052836935967206955,
0.02207903191447258,
0.... |
with\thypertension\tand\ttype\t2\tdiabetes\t(\nCoelho\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tFindings\tfrom\tstudy\tof\ta\tpredominantly | [
0.017839856445789337,
0.035019394010305405,
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0.028532186523079872,
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0.0... |
African\n\tAmerican\tcohort\tinclude\tsignificant\tcorrelations\tbetween\tserum\tinsulin,\ttriglycerides,\tLDL\ncholesterol\tlevels,\tand\tNC\t(\nArnold\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nNC\tcan\tbe\tused\tas\ta\treliable\ttool\tto\tidentify\tadolescents\twith\thigh\tBMIs\t(\nKelishadi\tet\tal,\t2016\n;\nAndroutsos,\t2012\n).\tThe\t... | [
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-0.0... |
interpretation\tof\tNC\tmeasurements\tin\tCanadian\tchildren\t(\nKatz\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nBioelectrical\timpedance\tanalysis\t(BIA)\nBioelectrical\tImpedance\tAnalysis\t(BIA)\n\testimates\tbody\tcomposition\tand\tcellular\tactivity\tby\nmeasuring\tthe\tbulk\tof\tthe\telectrical\timpedance\tin\tthe\tbody.\tThe\tbody\tco... | [
0.019121337682008743,
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0.03972533345222473,
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0.007781684398651123,
0.0738939717411995,
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0.0578867569565773,
0.08119392395019531,
0.08525730669498444,
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0.02418561838567257,
0.0756076... |
is\tbased\ton\tthe\tprinciple\tthat,\trelative\tto\twater,\tlean\ttissue\thas\ta\thigher\telectrical\tconductivity\tand\nlower\timpedance\tthan\tfatty\ttissue\tbecause\tof\tits\telectrolyte\n\tcontent.\tThe\ttesting\tinvolves\tapplication\nof\telectrical\tconductors\tto\tthe\tpatient’s\thand\tand\tfoot,\tsending\ta\tlo... | [
0.021533900871872902,
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0.08416584879159927,
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0.10610009729862213,
-0.021887997165322304,
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0.03824152052402496,
0.09652885049581528,
-0.02403782308101654,
0.055155761539936066,
0.01754... |
through\tthe\tbody.\tEach\tbody\ttissue\ttype\thas\ta\tdifferent\telectrical\tconductivity\tproperty.\tAn\talgorithm\nderived\tfrom\tstatistical\tanalysis\tof\tBIA\tmeasurements\tis\tused\tto\tcalculate\tthe\tparameters\tmeasured\nby\tthis\ttechnology.\tParameters\tinclude\ttotal\tbody\twater,\n\tintracellular\tand\tex... | [
0.023061435669660568,
-0.0774950385093689,
0.057972196489572525,
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0.0966082289814949,
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0.07235243916511536,
0.101788230240345,
-0.06141957268118858,
0.040087468922138214,
0.0380055... |
intracellular\tand\textracellular\tbody\twater\n(i.e.,\tthird\tspacing\tof\tbody\tfluids),\tfat-free\tmass,\tpercent\tbody\tfat,\tphase\tangle,\tand\tcellular\nmetabolism.\tThe\tevaluation\tof\tcellular\tmetabolism\tis\tbased\ton\tthe\tphase\tangle.\tThe\tphase\tangle\nmeasures\tthe\trelationship\tbetween\treactance,\t... | [
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0.038682498037815094,
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-0.02883007936179638,
0.058101799339056015,
0.02481328509747982,
0.02530372329056263,
0.04099017754197121,
0.10754147917032242,
-0.03485880419611931,
-0.015283475629985332,
0.06692... |
cell\tmembranes.\tHigh\tphase\tangles\tshow\tthat\ta\tcell\tis\tstrong\tenough\n\tto\thold\twater\tand\tis\ta\tgood\nmarker\tfor\toverall\thealth.\tLow\tphase\tangle\tshow\tthat\tthe\tcell\tmembrane\tis\tweak\tand\tmay\tnot\tbe\nable\tto\thold\twater.\tBIA\tcan\tbe\tused\tto\tassess\tfor\tthird\tspacing\tof\tfluids\tev... | [
-0.006409779191017151,
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0.04614845663309097,
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0.07953339070081711,
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0.011344478465616703,
0.03009267896413803,
0.06696313619613647,
-0.046992864459753036,
0.009614498354494572,
0.0... |
The\tBIA\tmethod\tis\tsafe,\tnoninvasive,\tportable,\tand\trapid.\tFor\taccurate\tresults\tthe\tpatient\tshould\nbe\twell\thydrated;\thave\tnot\texercised\tin\tthe\tprevious\t4\tto\t6\thours;\tand\thave\n\tnot\tconsumed\talcohol,\ncaffeine,\tor\tdiuretics\tin\tthe\tprevious\t24\thours.\tIf\tthe\tperson\tis\tdehydrated,... | [
0.014923426322638988,
-0.024652086198329926,
0.0578739233314991,
-0.02367641218006611,
-0.1056029200553894,
0.020351089537143707,
0.09738460183143616,
-0.02066359482705593,
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0.04194670915603638,
0.0679183304309845,
-0.006339326035231352,
0.031935468316078186,
0.0185686... |
body\tfat\tthan\treally\texists\tis\tmeasured.\tFever,\telectrolyte\timbalance,\tand\textreme\tobesity\talso\tmay\naffect\tthe\treliability\tof\tmeasurements\t(\nSergi\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\tPresently\tthere\tare\tno\tuniversally\taccepted\nreference\tnorms\tfor\tinterpretation\tof\tdata.\tThere\tis\tlimited\tresearch\n\t... | [
0.01406905334442854,
-0.05928720906376839,
0.06409890949726105,
-0.014720589853823185,
-0.09392591565847397,
-0.027010463178157806,
0.1076987162232399,
-0.006803044583648443,
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0.050580333918333054,
0.1019059494137764,
-0.05627556890249252,
0.003968098666518927,
0.01739... |
using\tBIA\tin\tcritical\tcare\npatients.\tMonitoring\ttrends\tin\tdata\tmay\tbe\thelpful.\tBIA\tis\tcontraindicated\tfor\tindividuals\twho\tare\npregnant,\tdue\tto\tethical\tconcerns,\tor\twho\thave\tan\timplanted\tpacemaker\tor\tdefibrillator\t(\nBuch\tet\tal,\n2012\n;\t\nLee\tand\tGallagher,\t2008\n).\t\nFig.\t5.4\n... | [
-0.04726918414235115,
-0.008068597875535488,
0.02830231375992298,
-0.031445618718862534,
-0.07328440994024277,
0.021122343838214874,
0.06883785128593445,
0.009220289997756481,
-0.0011297446908429265,
0.063878133893013,
0.08169691264629364,
-0.10191620141267776,
0.04198071360588074,
0.07134... |
illustrates\ta\tBIA\ttest.\nFIG.\t5.4\nBioelectrical\timpedance\tanalysis.\n\tSource:\t\n(Image\treproduced\twith\tpermission\tof\tImpediMed\tLimited.)\nCircumference\tmeasurements\tin\tchildren\nHead\tcircumference\n\tmeasurements\tare\tuseful\tin\tchildren\tyounger\tthan\t3\tyears\tof\tage,\tprimarily | [
-0.023142153397202492,
0.006787462625652552,
0.03964062035083771,
-0.060899265110492706,
-0.005039993207901716,
-0.022862324491143227,
0.09899388253688812,
0.03825824707746506,
0.015613431110978127,
0.04800685867667198,
0.0809694454073906,
-0.09723258763551712,
0.023835929110646248,
0.0675... |
as\tan\tindicator\tof\tnonnutritional\tabnormalities\t(i.e.,\tcongenital\tmicrocephaly,\thydrocephalus).\nUndernutrition\tmust\tbe\tvery\tsevere\tto\taffect\thead\n\tcircumference;\tsee\t\nBox\t5.5\n\tand\t\nChapter\t15\n.\nBOX\t5.5\nMeasuring\tHead\tCircumference\nIndications\n•\t\nHead\tcircumference\tis\ta\tstandard... | [
0.021735945716500282,
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0.06571654975414276,
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0.01629263535141945,
0.08102595061063766,
0.0015771730104461312,
-0.023724980652332306,
0.06695770472288132,
0.10396268218755722,
-0.03741096705198288,
-0.018607215955853462,
0.0238... |
from\tbirth\tto\t36\tmonths\tand\tin\tany\tchild\twhose\thead\tsize\tis\tin\tquestion.\nEquipment\n•\t\nPaper\tor\tmetal\ttape\tmeasure\t(cloth\tcan\tstretch)\tmarked\tin\ttenths\tof\ta\tcentimeter\tbecause\ngrowth\tcharts\tare\tlisted\n\tin\t0.5-cm\tincrements\nTechnique\n•\t\nThe\thead\tis\tmeasured\tat\tits\tgreates... | [
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0.04687099903821945,
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0.07712429761886597,
0.020114896818995476,
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0.06028031185269356,
0.09360193461179733,
-0.05964352935552597,
0.028656931594014168,
0.07015... |
•\t\nThe\tgreatest\tcircumference\tis\tusually\tabove\tthe\teyebrows\tand\tpinna\tof\tthe\tears\tand\taround\nthe\toccipital\tprominence\tat\tthe\tback\tof\tthe\tskull.\n•\t\nMore\tthan\tone\tmeasurement\tmay\tbe\tnecessary\tbecause\tthe\tshape\tof\tthe\thead\tcan\taffect\tthe\nlocation\tof\tthe\tmaximum\tcircumference... | [
0.023327898234128952,
-0.032677941024303436,
0.08367759734392166,
-0.03501112386584282,
-0.10052373260259628,
0.02315143682062626,
0.08834026008844376,
-0.023951459676027298,
0.022970961406826973,
0.06430258601903915,
0.07193569093942642,
-0.0031307453755289316,
0.06873617321252823,
0.0243... |
•\t\nCompare\tthe\tmeasurement\twith\n\tthe\tNational\tCenter\tfor\tHealth\tStatistics\tstandard\tcurves\nfor\thead\tcircumference\t(see\t\nAppendices\t5\n\tand\t\n9\n).\nData\tfrom\tHockenberry\tMJ,\tWilson\tD:\t\nWong’s\tnursing\tcare\tof\tinfants\tand\tchildren\n,\ted\t9,\tSt\tLouis,\t2015,\nMosby.\nMeasuring\tcircu... | [
-0.03745005652308464,
-0.0606987439095974,
0.07736228406429291,
-0.07239483296871185,
-0.05534660443663597,
-0.007001444697380066,
0.11315479874610901,
-0.02286810614168644,
0.03824375942349434,
0.0704721212387085,
0.12284281104803085,
-0.033433616161346436,
0.03721732273697853,
0.02364836... |
Mosby.\nMeasuring\tcircumference\nMidarm\tcircumference\t(MAC)\n\tis\tmeasured\tin\tcentimeters\thalfway\tbetween\tthe\tacromion\tprocess\nof\tthe\tscapula\tand\tthe\tolecranon\tprocess\tat\tthe\ttip\n\tof\tthe\telbow.\tMAC\tshould\tbe\tmeasured\twhen\nassessing\tfor\tnutritional\tstatus\tof\tchildren\tand\tcompared\tw... | [
0.02053925208747387,
-0.0500844269990921,
0.09718383103609085,
-0.06181615963578224,
-0.06982363015413284,
-0.01742122694849968,
0.11555536836385727,
-0.02533329278230667,
0.02380526065826416,
0.02143039181828499,
0.0699753537774086,
-0.029745791107416153,
0.04144088551402092,
0.0390957444... |
children\taged\t6\tto\t59\tmonths\tof\tage\t(de\tOnis\tet\tal,\t1997).\tIt\tis\tan\tindependent\tanthropometric\nassessment\ttool\tin\tdetermining\tmalnutrition\tin\tchildren.\nCircumference\tmeasurements\tin\tadults\nMAC\tis\tmeasured\tthe\tsame\tway\tin\tadults\tas\tin\tchildren.\tCombining\n\tMAC\twith\t\ntriceps\ts... | [
-0.01726001873612404,
-0.013479935005307198,
0.07148431986570358,
0.009418989531695843,
-0.08739788085222244,
-0.019981469959020615,
0.11575260758399963,
0.008974053896963596,
0.021503299474716187,
0.07411188632249832,
0.10566085577011108,
-0.044380877166986465,
0.00885709933936596,
0.0482... |
MAC\twith\t\ntriceps\tskin\tfold\n(TSF)\n\tmeasurements\tallows\tindirect\tdetermination\tof\tthe\tarm\tmuscle\tarea\t(AMA)\tand\tarm\tfat\tarea\nwhich\tcan\tbe\ttracked\tagainst\ta\tstandard\tand\tused\tas\tan\tassessment\tof\tmalnutrition.\tBecause\tof\nlimitations\twith\taccuracy\tand\treproducibility,\tthese\tmeasu... | [
0.00348116597160697,
-0.012388776056468487,
0.07079698890447617,
0.014113844372332096,
-0.05466626584529877,
-0.021564779803156853,
0.0987054854631424,
-0.007063616998493671,
-0.010294412262737751,
0.058728620409965515,
0.08186212182044983,
-0.052989985793828964,
0.04134170711040497,
0.031... |
nutrition\tstatus.\nWaist\tand\thip\tcircumference,\twaist-to-hip\tratio,\tand\twaist-to-height\n\tratio\nSelected\tcircumference\tmeasurements\tmay\tbe\tuseful\tin\tdetermining\testimated\trisk\tfor\tchronic\ndiseases\tand\tassessing\tchanges\tin\tbody\tcomposition.\t\nWaist\tcircumference\t(WC)\n\tis\tobtained\tby | [
-0.0024923752062022686,
-0.013801946304738522,
0.08473294973373413,
0.00750887393951416,
-0.08715611696243286,
-0.014401017688214779,
0.1328279972076416,
-0.003962452989071608,
-0.06586538255214691,
0.05694587156176567,
0.09198654443025589,
-0.07025919109582901,
-0.005981724243611097,
-0.0... |
Waist\tcircumference\t(WC)\n\tis\tobtained\tby\nmeasuring\tthe\tdistance\taround\tthe\tnarrowest\tarea\tof\tthe\twaist\tbetween\tthe\tlowest\trib\tand\tiliac\tcrest\nand\tabove\tthe\tumbilicus\tusing\ta\tnonstretchable\ttape\tmeasure\t(\nFig.\t5.5\n).\tHip\tcircumference\tis\nmeasured\tat\n\tthe\twidest\tarea\tof\tthe\... | [
0.02503209188580513,
-0.0803610309958458,
0.01838114857673645,
-0.04201849177479744,
-0.09912005811929703,
-0.002646810607984662,
0.06267768144607544,
0.05062226951122284,
-0.029348837211728096,
0.036622848361730576,
0.05578867718577385,
0.0032260974403470755,
-0.01253245584666729,
0.02925... |
distribution\tis\tan\tindicator\tof\trisk,\tcircumferential\tor\tgirth\tmeasurements\tmay\tbe\tused.\tThe\npresence\tof\texcess\tbody\tfat\taround\tthe\tabdomen\tout\tof\tproportion\tto\ttotal\tbody\tfat\tis\ta\trisk\tfactor\nfor\tchronic\tdiseases\tassociated\twith\tobesity\tand\tthe\tmetabolic\tsyndrome.\tA\tWC\tof\t... | [
0.016521383076906204,
-0.034893739968538284,
0.04557576775550842,
-0.046965353190898895,
-0.10656006634235382,
-0.014949294738471508,
0.08354949951171875,
0.01918608509004116,
-0.02064669504761696,
0.06810485571622849,
0.11493555456399918,
-0.038341641426086426,
0.05223039537668228,
0.0615... |
inches\t(102\tcm)\tfor\tmen\n\tand\tgreater\tthan\t35\tinches\t(88\tcm)\tfor\twomen\tis\tan\tindependent\trisk\tfactor\nfor\tmetabolic\tdisease\t(\nCDC,\t2014\n;\t\nStone\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tThese\tmeasurements\tmay\tnot\tbe\tas\tuseful\tfor\nthose\tless\tthan\t60\tinches\ttall\tor\twith\ta\tBMI\tof\t35\tor\tgreater\t(... | [
0.009579744189977646,
0.04620541259646416,
0.00809552613645792,
-0.06021614745259285,
-0.11716198176145554,
-0.0387888103723526,
0.05078527703881264,
0.07342804968357086,
-0.04839273542165756,
0.06116053834557533,
0.0799315795302391,
-0.06613631546497345,
0.02912074886262417,
0.03076521120... |
CDC,\t2014\n).\tWC\tis\tconsidered\tto\tbe\ta\nmore\tvalid\tpredictor\tof\tmetabolic\trisk\tthan\tBMI,\texcept\twhen\tBMI\tis\tgreater\tthan\tor\tequal\tto\t35\n(\nCDC,\t2018\n). | [
0.009567230008542538,
-0.06519495695829391,
0.00928699690848589,
-0.08463131636381149,
-0.07819409668445587,
0.01217095460742712,
0.020502988249063492,
0.00115868856664747,
-0.023056697100400925,
0.08201504498720169,
0.1269322633743286,
-0.0687965378165245,
0.02397916279733181,
0.048731233... |
FIG.\t5.5\nMeasuring\ttape\tposition\tfor\twaist\tcircumference.\nTo\tdetermine\tthe\t\nwaist-to-hip\tratio\t(WHR)\n,\tdivide\tthe\twaist\tmeasurement\tby\tthe\thip\nmeasurement.\tThe\tWHO\tdefines\tthe\tratios\tof\tgreater\tthan\t9.0\tin\tmen\tand\tgreater\tthan\t8.5\tin\twomen\nas\tone\tof\tthe\tdecisive\tbenchmarks\... | [
0.02397064119577408,
0.002175544388592243,
0.07690856605768204,
-0.014346007257699966,
-0.06342826783657074,
-0.017364855855703354,
0.09209152311086655,
-0.0006959711899980903,
-0.021261420100927353,
0.06241060420870781,
0.07888530939817429,
-0.028160488232970238,
0.0459684319794178,
0.018... |
research\tpredicting\tall\tcause\tand\tcardiovascular\tdisease\tmortality\n\t(\nSrikanthan\tet\tal,\t2009\n;\t\nWelborn\nand\tDhaliwal,\t2007\n).\nFig.\t5.5\n\tshows\tthe\tproper\tlocation\tto\tmeasure\twaist\t(abdominal)\tcircumference.\nThe\twaist-to-height\tratio\t(WHtR)\tis\tdefined\tas\tthe\twaist\tcircumference\t... | [
-0.012998276390135288,
-0.022851886227726936,
0.03288886696100235,
-0.017639880999922752,
-0.08603765070438385,
-0.05588177219033241,
0.02688189223408699,
0.10547811537981033,
-0.023928703740239143,
0.02647983469069004,
0.0848538726568222,
0.006291058845818043,
-0.02900661900639534,
0.0574... |
height.\tWHtR\tis\ta\tmeasure\tof\tthe\tdistribution\tof\tadipose\ttissue.\tGenerally\tspeaking,\tthe\thigher\tthe\nvalues\tof\tWHtR,\tthe\tgreater\tthe\trisk\tof\tmetabolic\tsyndrome\tand\tobesity-related\n\tatherosclerotic\ncardiovascular\tdiseases\t(\nSchneider\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tDesirable\tratios\tare\tless\tthan\... | [
0.028258558362722397,
-0.033125389367341995,
0.07381738722324371,
-0.007425349671393633,
-0.12711048126220703,
-0.056349679827690125,
0.08153820782899857,
0.059357549995183945,
-0.09474857896566391,
0.06501348316669464,
0.08069257438182831,
-0.06000279635190964,
0.005765712819993496,
0.031... |
).\tDesirable\tratios\tare\tless\tthan\t0.5\tin\tadults\t40\tyears\nand\tyounger,\tbetween\t0.5\tand\t0.6\tin\tadults\taged\t40\tto\t50\tyears,\tand\t0.6\tor\tless\tin\tadults\tover\t50.\nThese\ttargets\tapply\tto\tboth\tmales\tand\tfemales\tand\ta\tvariety\tof\tethnic\tgroups.\tFor\texample,\ta\tBMI\tof\n25\tis\tequiv... | [
-0.011547021567821503,
-0.000215000836760737,
0.05033367499709129,
-0.044567812234163284,
-0.07184364646673203,
-0.037451256066560745,
0.0978759378194809,
-0.019852859899401665,
-0.03556297719478607,
0.07843152433633804,
0.10363749414682388,
-0.03763926401734352,
0.0661187469959259,
0.0271... |
Table\t5.7\n\tprovides\ta\tguide\tto\tinterpreting\n\tWHtR\tby\tgender.\nTABLE\t5.7\nInterpretation\tof\tWaist-to-Height\tRatio\tby\tGender\nFemales\nMales\nWHtR\nWHtR\nInterpretation\n<\t0.35\n<\t0.35\nUnderweight;\tno\tincreased\trisk\n0.35-0.42\n0.35-0.43\nSlim;\tno\tincrease\trisk\n0.42-0.49\n0.43-0.53\nHealthy;\tn... | [
0.014260138384997845,
-0.012562213465571404,
0.00947700534015894,
0.005795396398752928,
-0.08567346632480621,
-0.03566088154911995,
0.040781356394290924,
0.06699323654174805,
-0.09279859066009521,
0.06160906329751015,
0.09021299332380295,
-0.16679337620735168,
0.009079746901988983,
0.00506... |
0.49-0.54\n0.53-0.58\nOverweight;\tincreased/high\trisk\n0.54-0.58\n0.58-0.63\nObese;\tincreased/high\trisk\n>\t0.58\n>\t0.63\nVery\tobese;\n\tvery\thigh\trisk\nWHtR\n,\tWeight-to-height\tratio.\nAdapted\tfrom\tAshwell,\tM\t&\tGibson,\tS.\tWaist-to-height\tratio\tas\tan\tindicator\tof\t‘early\thealth\trisk’:\tsimpler\t... | [
-0.0015847233589738607,
0.033767543733119965,
-0.010302943177521229,
-0.019947746768593788,
-0.11248023808002472,
-0.037984926253557205,
0.05608859285712242,
0.045103397220373154,
-0.06209585815668106,
0.01520257443189621,
0.058278098702430725,
-0.0912330150604248,
0.03950732573866844,
-0.... |
based\ton\tBMI\tand\twaist\tcircumference.\t\nBMJ\tOpen\n\t2016;\t6:e010159.\tdoi:\t10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010159.\nA\tsystematic\treview\tof\tevidence\ton\tuse\tof\tWHtR\ton\telderly\tpopulations\tshowed\tevidence\tthat\nWHtR\tis\n\tassociated\twith\tobesity\tand\tis\ta\tpredictor\tof\trisk\tfactors\tassociated\twith\tc... | [
0.005687551107257605,
-0.0525435246527195,
0.04897908493876457,
-0.05453021451830864,
-0.11155028641223907,
-0.03815174475312233,
0.049219779670238495,
0.08247670531272888,
-0.020585082471370697,
0.023750990629196167,
0.09072507917881012,
-0.02482946775853634,
0.019107330590486526,
0.01463... |
disease,\tmetabolic\tsyndrome,\tand\tdiabetes\t(\nCorrêa\tet\tal,\t2016\n;\t\nAshwell\tand\tGibson,\t2016\n).\tHowever,\nWHtR\tis\tnot\tidentified\tas\ta\trisk\tmarker\tin\tthe\tACC/AHA\tATP\t4.\nOther\tmethods\tof\tmeasuring\tbody\tcomposition\nDual-energy\tx-ray\tabsorptiometry\nDual-energy\tx-ray\tabsorptiometry\t(D... | [
-0.01831996999680996,
-0.05572539567947388,
0.0015851468779146671,
-0.017311135306954384,
-0.06801968067884445,
-0.027418537065386772,
0.07355492562055588,
0.05773146077990532,
-0.024760358035564423,
0.05390365049242973,
0.10100855678319931,
-0.031177718192338943,
0.019860010594129562,
0.0... |
measures\tfat,\tbone\tmineral,\n\tand\tfat-free\tsoft\ttissue.\tThe\nenergy\tsource\tin\tDXA\tis\tan\tx-ray\ttube\tthat\tcontains\tan\tenergy\tbeam.\tThe\tamount\tof\tenergy\tloss | [
0.041027218103408813,
-0.0485580712556839,
0.07215838134288788,
0.018731648102402687,
-0.030725548043847084,
0.03159686550498009,
0.1670258641242981,
0.054304882884025574,
-0.053053949028253555,
0.029705530032515526,
0.10357525944709778,
-0.10930894315242767,
-0.006489165127277374,
0.07775... |
depends\ton\tthe\ttype\tof\ttissue\tthrough\twhich\tthe\tbeam\tpasses;\tthe\tresult\tcan\tbe\tused\tto\tmeasure\nmineral,\tfat,\tand\tlean\ttissue\tcompartments.\tDXA\tis\teasy\tto\tuse,\temits\tlow\tlevels\tof\tradiation,\tand\tis\navailable\tin\tthe\thospital\tsetting,\tmaking\tit\ta\tuseful\ttool.\tGenerally,\tit\n\... | [
0.061549924314022064,
-0.06323164701461792,
0.07787814736366272,
-0.039383966475725174,
-0.13224521279335022,
-0.00851516518741846,
0.08683912456035614,
-0.03909764438867569,
-0.012730257585644722,
0.05246080458164215,
0.06305800378322601,
-0.037919968366622925,
0.069467693567276,
0.024613... |
is\tfound\tto\tbe\ta\treliable\nmeasurement\tof\tpercentage\tbody\tfat;\thowever,\tthe\tpatient\tmust\tremain\tstill\tfor\tmore\tthan\ta\tfew\nminutes,\twhich\tmay\tbe\tdifficult\tfor\tolder\tadults\tand\tthose\tin\tchronic\tpain.\tMeasurements\tare\ninfluenced\tby\tthe\tthickness\tof\ttissues\tand\thydration\tstatus\t... | [
0.00863378681242466,
-0.021446553990244865,
0.05319647863507271,
-0.0478617399930954,
-0.08738799393177032,
-0.0064526330679655075,
0.07452280819416046,
0.015868699178099632,
-0.007203616667538881,
0.0385400652885437,
0.07492824643850327,
-0.02674563229084015,
0.05952373519539833,
0.039303... |
).\t\nFig.\t5.6\nillustrates\ta\tDXA\tscan.\nFIG.\t5.6\nA\tpatient\tundergoing\ta\tdual-energy\tx-ray\tabsorptiometry\tscan.\n\tSource:\t\n(Courtesy\tthe\tDivision\tof\tNutrition,\nUniversity\tof\tUtah.)\nAir\tdisplacement\tplethysmogram\nAir\tdisplacement\tplethysmogram\t(ADP)\n\trelies\ton\tmeasurements\tof\tbody\tde... | [
0.009513790719211102,
-0.07914181798696518,
0.06646223366260529,
-0.00957915186882019,
-0.11035607010126114,
-0.046790752559900284,
0.044657107442617416,
0.02821994200348854,
-0.03226354718208313,
0.027833297848701477,
0.08331870287656784,
-0.022254200652241707,
0.04077787697315216,
0.0155... |
relies\ton\tmeasurements\tof\tbody\tdensity\tto\testimate\tbody\nfat\tand\tfat-free\tmasses.\tPerforming\tan\tADP\twith\tthe\tBOD-POD\tdevice\tis\ta\tdensitometry\ttechnique\nfound\tto\tbe\tan\taccurate\tmethod\n\tto\tmeasure\tbody\tcomposition.\tADP\tappears\tto\tbe\ta\treliable\ninstrument\tin\tbody\tcomposition\tass... | [
0.011877797544002533,
-0.04662902280688286,
0.07110922783613205,
-0.03200194984674454,
-0.13185353577136993,
-0.011760599911212921,
0.10295912623405457,
-0.02024957723915577,
-0.013746780343353748,
0.04205389693379402,
0.09284646064043045,
-0.04806176945567131,
0.05213901028037071,
0.02872... |
body\twater\tcontent\tto\tdetermine\tbody\tdensity\tand\tbody\tcomposition,\twhich\tmakes\tit\tpotentially\nuseful\tin\tthose\tadults\twith\tend-stage\trenal\tdisease\t(\nFlakoll\tet\tal,\t2004\n;\t\nFig.\t5.7\n). | [
0.0074073318392038345,
-0.05134331062436104,
0.08367101103067398,
-0.05711925029754639,
-0.09801968187093735,
0.002128591062501073,
0.11514857411384583,
0.04807136952877045,
-0.0029709446243941784,
0.028396792709827423,
0.07104135304689407,
-0.0591680109500885,
0.0014550227206200361,
0.030... |
FIG.\t5.7\nThe\tBOD-POD\tmeasures\tbody\tfat\tand\tfat-free\tmass.\n\tSource:\t\n(Courtesy\tCOSMED\tUSA,\tInc.,\tConcord,\tCA.)\nIndirect\tcalorimetry\nIndirect\tcalorimetry\tis\tthe\tmost\taccurate\tmethod\tfor\testimating\tenergy\texpenditure\tby\tmeasuring\ninspired\tand\texpired\toxygen\tand\tcarbon\tdioxide.\tTota... | [
-0.06374736875295639,
0.03008982539176941,
0.054213784635066986,
-0.015216157771646976,
-0.05664071813225746,
-0.03792149946093559,
0.06010480970144272,
0.053861696273088455,
-0.01066338550299406,
0.028757281601428986,
0.06632029265165329,
-0.07423961162567139,
0.026892639696598053,
0.0343... |
from\tthe\tresting\tenergy\texpenditure\t(REE)\tmeasured\tfor\ta\tshort\tperiod\n\tof\ttime\tusing\tmetabolic\tcarts\nor\thandheld\tdevices.\tStudies\tin\thealthy\tpopulations\tcomparing\tthe\tdata\tgenerated\tfrom\tthe\nhandheld\tdevices\tto\tthe\tdata\tfrom\tthe\ttraditional\tindirect\tcalorimetry\tare\tboth\taccurat... | [
0.028551630675792694,
-0.04445728287100792,
0.04832157492637634,
-0.014632085338234901,
-0.10457766801118851,
-0.008356010541319847,
0.10182107985019684,
0.005744411144405603,
0.030619874596595764,
0.05290503799915314,
0.09753409773111343,
-0.05668511614203453,
0.05767028406262398,
0.03001... |
However,\tin\tstudies\tvalidating\tthe\thandheld\tdevice\tin\tpatients\twith\tdisease\tor\tinjury\tthe\tresults\thave\nnot\tyielded\ta\thigh\tdegree\tof\tclinical\taccuracy\t(\nZhao\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tMore\n\tresearch\tis\tneeded\tto\tfine-\ntune\tthe\taccuracy\tand\treliability\tof\tthe\thandheld\tdevices.\nNutrition... | [
0.01778748817741871,
-0.038026995956897736,
0.06821078062057495,
-0.03311992809176445,
-0.12129899859428406,
-0.03155640512704849,
0.0797513797879219,
0.006628698203712702,
-0.01873287931084633,
0.035510458052158356,
0.09022713452577591,
-0.015106228180229664,
0.024345429614186287,
0.05081... |
Nutrition-focused\tphysical\texamination\nNutrition-focused\tphysical\texamination\t(NFPE)\tis\tone\tof\tthe\tcomponents\tof\tnutrition\tassessment\tin\nthe\tNCP\tmodel.\tData\tgathered\tin\tthe\tNFPE\tare\tused\tin\tconjunction\twith\tfood\tand\tnutrition\thistory,\nlaboratory\tand\tdiagnostic\ttest\tresults,\tphysica... | [
0.041322849690914154,
-0.07595380395650864,
0.03570602461695671,
0.007437126245349646,
-0.053843602538108826,
-0.016116293147206306,
0.08109839260578156,
0.03157711774110794,
-0.04280540719628334,
0.036873407661914825,
0.09002555906772614,
-0.07523511350154877,
0.016994111239910126,
-0.011... |
history\tto\taccurately\tmake\none\tor\tmore\tnutrition\tdiagnoses.\tThe\t\nInternational\tDietetics\t&\tNutrition\tTerminology\tReference\nManual\n\t(IDNT)\t(\nAND,\t2018\n)\tdefines\tnutrition-focused\tphysical\texamination\tas\t“findings\tfrom\tan\nevaluation\tof\tbody\tsystems,\tmuscle\tand\tsubcutaneous\tfat\twast... | [
-0.02610938996076584,
-0.004980115685611963,
0.06267782300710678,
-0.005646390374749899,
-0.07246816158294678,
-0.03424591198563576,
0.03240643069148064,
0.04080502316355705,
-0.03404075652360916,
0.029170682653784752,
0.0715726763010025,
-0.014746270142495632,
0.01752377860248089,
-0.0007... |
ability,\tappetite\tand\taffect.”\tUnlike\ta\tcomprehensive\tclinical\texamination\tthat\n\treviews\tall\tbody\nsystems,\tNFPE\tis\ta\tfocused\tassessment\tthat\taddresses\tspecific\tsigns\tand\tsymptoms\tby\treviewing\nselected\tbody\tsystems.\nApproach\nA\tsystems\tapproach\tis\tused\twhen\tperforming\tthe\tNFPE,\twh... | [
0.04561707749962807,
-0.06078457832336426,
0.07929780334234238,
-0.02094193920493126,
-0.12465012073516846,
-0.00786984246224165,
0.10342545062303543,
-0.003432895988225937,
-0.05164908245205879,
0.062441132962703705,
0.07638391852378845,
-0.04695264250040054,
0.012191693298518658,
0.02009... |
logical\tway\tto\tensure\tefficiency\tand\tthoroughness\t(\nLitchford,\t2013\n).\tBody\tsystems\tinclude\tthe\nfollowing:\n•\t\nGeneral\tappearance\n•\t\nVital\tsigns\n•\t\nSkin\n•\t\nNails\n•\t\nHair\n•\t\nHead\n•\t\nEyes\n•\t\nNose\n•\t\nMouth\n•\t\nNeck/chest\n•\t\nAbdomen\n•\t\nMusculoskeletal | [
0.0024907386396080256,
-0.061586346477270126,
0.046786077320575714,
-0.05626009404659271,
-0.0831942930817604,
-0.04633551090955734,
0.08177173882722855,
-0.014347911812365055,
-0.046837903559207916,
0.020082512870430946,
0.10294215381145477,
-0.011283540166914463,
0.02482001669704914,
0.0... |
Equipment\nThe\textent\tof\tthe\tNFPE\tdictates\tthe\tnecessary\tequipment.\tAny\tor\tall\tof\tthe\tfollowing\tmay\tbe\tused:\nexamination\tgloves,\ta\tstethoscope,\ta\tpenlight\tor\tflashlight,\ta\ttongue\tdepressor,\tscales,\tcalipers,\ta\ntape\tmeasure,\ta\tblood\tpressure\tcuff,\ta\twatch\twith\ta\tsecond\thand,\ta... | [
0.010600430890917778,
-0.00403557950630784,
0.05363054201006889,
-0.025337064638733864,
-0.11488116532564163,
-0.020906807854771614,
0.08964862674474716,
-0.021368620917201042,
-0.017968233674764633,
0.04479055851697922,
0.10793617367744446,
0.0016055658925324678,
0.12483289837837219,
0.02... |
hand\tgrip\tstrength.\nExamination\ttechniques\tand\tfindings\nFour\tbasic\tphysical\texamination\ttechniques\tare\tused\tduring\tthe\tNFPE.\tThese\ttechniques\tinclude\ninspection,\tpalpation,\tpercussion,\tand\tauscultation\t(\nTable\t5.8\n).\t\nAppendix\t11\n\tdiscusses\tNFPE\tin\tmore\ndetail.\nTABLE\t5.8\nPhysical... | [
0.012498297728598118,
-0.04001527279615402,
0.07819903641939163,
-0.042897433042526245,
-0.12782394886016846,
-0.003553997725248337,
0.08148503303527832,
0.04378502070903778,
-0.018134355545043945,
0.03175877407193184,
0.07772034406661987,
-0.009106803685426712,
0.005472193472087383,
0.037... |
Physical\tExamination\tTechniques\nTechnique\nDescription\nInspection\nGeneral\tobservation\tthat\tprogresses\tto\ta\tmore\n\tfocused\tobservation\tusing\tthe\tsenses\tof\tsight,\nsmell,\tand\thearing;\tnote\tappearance,\tmood,\tbehavior,\tmovement,\tfacial\texpressions;\tmost\nfrequently\tused\ttechnique\nPalpation | [
0.02755175158381462,
-0.06339218467473984,
0.05637478455901146,
-0.01687178947031498,
-0.11586299538612366,
0.011020831763744354,
0.08173535764217377,
0.020486604422330856,
0.009021051228046417,
0.026547474786639214,
0.10024416446685791,
-0.03772113844752312,
0.037905704230070114,
0.004834... |
frequently\tused\ttechnique\nPalpation\nGentle\ttactile\texamination\tto\tfeel\tpulsations\tand\tvibrations;\tassessment\tof\tbody\tstructures,\nincluding\ttexture,\tsize,\ttemperature,\ttenderness,\tand\tmobility\nPercussion\nAssessment\tof\tsounds\tto\tdetermine\tbody\torgan\tborders,\n\tshape,\tand\tposition;\tnot\t... | [
0.02640518546104431,
-0.05653607100248337,
0.04223183915019035,
-0.05215921252965927,
-0.09970112144947052,
-0.010329806245863438,
0.08115863054990768,
0.005416858475655317,
-0.015438982285559177,
0.04001157358288765,
0.09506571292877197,
0.00040968917892314494,
0.05403168499469757,
0.0289... |
shape,\tand\tposition;\tnot\talways\nused\tin\ta\tNFPE\nAuscultation\nUse\tof\tthe\tnaked\tear\tor\tbell\tor\tdiaphragm\tof\tstethoscope\tto\tlisten\tto\tbody\tsounds\t(e.g.,\theart\nand\tlung\tsounds,\tbowel\tsounds,\tblood\tvessels);\tnot\talways\tused\tin\tNFPE\nAdapted\tfrom\tLitchford\tMD:\t\nNutrition\tfocused\tp... | [
-0.00502033531665802,
-0.0647234097123146,
0.0772918164730072,
-0.05025829002261162,
-0.10597209632396698,
-0.005686060059815645,
0.057304322719573975,
-0.013202976435422897,
-0.01908743381500244,
0.06822824478149414,
0.06692157685756683,
-0.011190460063517094,
0.05399824306368828,
0.03199... |
Nutrition\tfocused\tphysical\tassessment:\tmaking\tclinical\tconnections\n,\tGreensboro,\tNC,\t2013,\tCASE\tSoftware\t&\tBooks.\nInterpretation\tof\tdata\n\tcollected\tin\teach\tcomponent\tof\tan\tNFPE\trequires\tcritical\tthinking\tskills\tand\nthe\tfollowing\tsteps\tin\tclinical\treasoning:\n•\t\nIdentify\tabnormal\t... | [
-0.013771748170256615,
-0.06901656836271286,
0.041148990392684937,
-0.006047762464731932,
-0.07730259001255035,
-0.014717248268425465,
0.12054888159036636,
0.017664361745119095,
-0.045342639088630676,
0.030198896303772926,
0.08928414434194565,
-0.028903523460030556,
0.017683520913124084,
0... |
•\t\nLocalize\tthe\tfindings\tanatomically.\n•\t\nInterpret\tfindings\tin\tterms\tof\tprobable\tprocess.\n•\t\nMake\ta\thypothesis\tabout\tthe\tnature\tof\tthe\tpatient’s\tproblem.\n•\t\nTest\tthe\thypothesis\tby\tcollaborating\twith\tother\tmedical\tprofessionals\tand\n\testablish\ta\nworking\tnutrition\tdiagnosis.\n• | [
0.01434632483869791,
0.015948697924613953,
0.02411544881761074,
-0.04877817630767822,
-0.07887114584445953,
0.04169302061200142,
0.09222609549760818,
0.04571736231446266,
0.008498896844685078,
0.025841614231467247,
0.061857063323259354,
0.02291775867342949,
0.03615221008658409,
0.024347186... |
establish\ta\nworking\tnutrition\tdiagnosis.\n•\t\nDevelop\ta\tplan\tagreeable\tto\tthe\tpatient\tfollowing\tall\tthe\tsteps\tof\tthe\tNCP\tmodel\t(\nBickley,\n2017\n)\t(see\t\nChapter\t9\n).\nGuidelines\tfor\tassessing\tmalnutrition\tin\tchildren\nDefinitions\tand\tguidelines\tto\tidentify\tmalnutrition\tin\tchildren\... | [
0.014703775756061077,
0.021142389625310898,
0.06310996413230896,
0.017381396144628525,
-0.10064468532800674,
0.01664283499121666,
0.044022273272275925,
0.014117514714598656,
-0.07123548537492752,
-0.033543553203344345,
0.1149100586771965,
-0.007451293990015984,
0.004166658502072096,
0.0395... |
defined\tas\tan\timbalance\tbetween\tnutrient\trequirements\tand\tdietary\tintake\tthat\n\tresults\tin\tdeficits\tof\nenergy,\tprotein,\tand\tmicronutrients\tstores,\tresulting\tin\timpaired\tgrowth\tand\tdevelopment.\tPediatric\nmalnutrition\tis\teither\trelated\tto\tan\tillness\tor\tinjury\tor\tcaused\tby\tan\tenviro... | [
0.004001883789896965,
-0.022882169112563133,
0.034454330801963806,
-0.016556773334741592,
-0.04033078998327255,
0.014293462038040161,
0.11300462484359741,
0.025408299639821053,
-0.008755944669246674,
0.047989506274461746,
0.11960725486278534,
-0.057972464710474014,
0.02052369713783264,
0.0... |
behavioral\tfactor\t(\nMehta\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tSpecific\tparameters\tfor\tdetermining\tpediatric\tundernutrition\nand\tmalnutrition\tare\tbeing\tstandardized\t(\nBecker\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nGuidelines\n\tfor\tassessing\tmalnutrition\tin\tadults\nThe\tAcademy\tand\tthe\tASPEN\tConsensus\tStatement:\tCharacteristics\tRe... | [
0.01568925380706787,
0.003931102808564901,
0.05304209887981415,
0.008225980214774609,
-0.09134173393249512,
0.0026365690864622593,
0.07054805010557175,
-0.01535646989941597,
-0.04662363976240158,
0.041622571647167206,
0.09822117537260056,
-0.062237516045570374,
0.03023289330303669,
0.04652... |
Identification\tand\tDocumentation\tof\tAdult\tMalnutrition\tprovides\ta\tstandardized\tand\tmeasurable\tset\nof\tcriteria\tfor\tall\thealth\tprofessionals\tto\tuse\tto\tidentify\tmalnutrition\t(\nWhite\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tIt\tuses\ta\ncause-based\tnomenclature\tthat\treflects\tthe\tcurrent\tunderstanding\tof\tthe\trol... | [
0.011931129731237888,
-0.015102684497833252,
0.04725829139351845,
0.017454123124480247,
-0.08947104215621948,
0.020570937544107437,
0.08394155651330948,
0.014600931666791439,
-0.040663350373506546,
0.03878537565469742,
0.07505613565444946,
-0.044380828738212585,
-0.002018614439293742,
0.03... |
of\tinflammatory\nresponse\ton\tthe\tincidence,\tprogression,\tand\tresolution\tof\tadult\tmalnutrition.\tMoreover,\tmalnutrition\nsyndromes\tare\tdefined\tby\tpatient\tsettings,\tincluding\tacute\tillness\tor\tsurgery,\tchronic\tdisease,\tand\nenvironmental\tor\tsocial\tcircumstances.\tIn\taddition,\tthe\tpresence\tan... | [
0.04160713031888008,
-0.0038947563152760267,
0.05773378163576126,
0.014303410425782204,
-0.0927758440375328,
0.02868885174393654,
0.07961934804916382,
0.02711126022040844,
0.0010434704599902034,
0.02912982366979122,
0.0905245840549469,
-0.03706623613834381,
0.03201206400990486,
0.052253697... |
differentiates\ttypes\tof\tmalnutrition\tas\tnonsevere\tand\tsevere.\tNonsevere\tdoes\tnot\n\tmean\tnot\turgent;\tit\nmeans\tmild\tto\tmoderate\tmalnutrition\tor\tundernutrition\t(\nFig.\t5.8\n). | [
0.0004082627419847995,
-0.004620157182216644,
0.01070477906614542,
0.03283081203699112,
-0.023625805974006653,
0.046261437237262726,
0.07731064409017563,
0.021787885576486588,
-0.050853028893470764,
0.030548453330993652,
0.11624027788639069,
-0.05977557227015495,
-0.009315168485045433,
0.0... |
FIG.\t5.8\nCause-based\tmalnutrition.\n\tSource:\t\n(Adapted\tfrom\tWhite\tJV\tet\tal:\tConsensus\tstatement\tof\tthe\tAcademy\tof\tNutrition\nand\tDietetics/American\tSociety\tfor\tParenteral\tand\tEnteral\tNutrition:\tcharacteristics\trecommended\tfor\tthe\tidentification\tand\ndocumentation\tof\tadult\tmalnutrition\... | [
0.03274787217378616,
-0.017405608668923378,
0.05518469214439392,
0.043163008987903595,
-0.038175344467163086,
0.04092701897025108,
0.03050621785223484,
0.045169658958911896,
-0.06305060535669327,
0.018835069611668587,
0.061785291880369186,
-0.0644446536898613,
-0.004103091545403004,
0.0131... |
J\tAcad\tNutr\tDiet\n\t112(5):730,\t2012.)\nNo\tsingle\tparameter\tdefines\tmalnutrition.\tThe\tConsensus\n\tguidelines\tidentify\tsix\tcharacteristics\tof\nmalnutrition.\tFrom\tthese,\tthe\tclinician\tmust\tidentify\ta\tminimum\tof\ttwo\tcharacteristics\tthat\trelate\tto\nthe\tcontext\tof\tthe\tconcurrent\tmedical\tco... | [
0.01003424171358347,
-0.03631509840488434,
0.041309844702482224,
0.006326070986688137,
-0.10187403857707977,
0.028934698551893234,
0.02861296944320202,
0.02907499112188816,
-0.07293713092803955,
0.017300933599472046,
0.07309471815824509,
-0.026932675391435623,
0.04451179504394531,
0.002901... |
characteristics\tof\tnonsevere\tand\tsevere\tmalnutrition\tare\tnoted\tin\t\nTable\t5.9\n.\nTABLE\t5.9\nCharacteristics\tof\tAdult\tMalnutrition\nACUTE\tILLNESS\tOR\tINJURY\nCHRONIC\tILLNESS\nSOCIAL\tOR\tENVIRONMENTAL\nCIRCUMSTANCES\nNonsevere\nSevere\nNonsevere\nSevere\nNonsevere\nSevere\nInterpretation\tof\tWeight\tL... | [
0.01767914555966854,
0.017752138897776604,
0.02776673063635826,
0.07137438654899597,
-0.03446086123585701,
0.07304103672504425,
0.011818495579063892,
-0.016096847131848335,
-0.0993320494890213,
0.05109784007072449,
0.106478251516819,
-0.061347004026174545,
0.004681990947574377,
0.009479993... |
1-2%\tin\t1\twk\n>2%\tin\t1\twk\n5%\tin\t1\twk\n>5%\tin\t1\twk\n>5%\tin\t1\twk\n>5%\tin\t1\twk\n5%\tin\t1\tmo\n>5%\tin\t1\tmo\n7.5%\n\tin\t3\nmo\n>7.5%\tin\t3\tmo\n>7.5%\tin\t3\nmo\n>7.5%\tin\t3\tmo\n7.5%\tin\t3\nmo\n>7.5%\tin\t3\tmo\n10%\tin\t6\tmo\n>10%\tin\t6\tmo\n>10%\tin\t6\nmo\n>10%\tin\t6\tmo\n20%\tin\t1\tyr\n>2... | [
-0.05558674782514572,
-0.0020735301077365875,
-0.03304026648402214,
-0.019511129707098007,
-0.04539521411061287,
-0.052771035581827164,
0.1093331053853035,
0.0308971107006073,
-0.039580728858709335,
0.039598725736141205,
0.044888775795698166,
-0.04240981861948967,
0.0215044803917408,
0.074... |
Interpretation\tof\tReduced\tEnergy\tIntake\tfor\tMalnutrition\tby\tCause\nFor\t>7\tdays\n<\t75%\tof\nestimated\nenergy\nneeds\nFor\t>\tor\t=\tto\n5\tdays\n<\tor\t=\tto\t50%\nof\nestimated\nenergy\nneeds\nFor\t>\tor\t=\nto\t1\tmo\n<75%\tof\nestimated\nenergy\nneeds\nFor\t>\tor\t=\tto\n1\tmo\n<\tor\t=\tto\t75%\nof\nesti... | [
-0.03893356770277023,
0.002024885267019272,
0.014123435132205486,
-0.022724699229002,
-0.03147817775607109,
-0.022984430193901062,
0.07402969151735306,
0.024921434000134468,
-0.05739239230751991,
0.08452996611595154,
0.058068353682756424,
-0.02622758410871029,
0.05475235730409622,
0.131256... |
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