0 stringlengths 12 494 | embeddings listlengths 384 384 |
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For\t>\tor\t=\nto\t3\tmo\n<75%\tof\nestimated\nenergy\nneeds\nFor\t>\tor\t=\tto\n1\tmo\n<\tor\t=\tto\t50%\nof\nestimated\nenergy\nneeds\nLoss\tof\tBody\tFat\nMild\nModerate\nMild\nSevere\nMild\nSevere\nLoss\tof\tMuscle\nMild\nModerate\nMild\nSevere\nMild\nSevere\nFluid\tAccumulation\nMild\nModerate\tto\nsevere\nMild\nS... | [
-0.03005518577992916,
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0.0345657654106617,
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0.06525164097547531,
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0.05496549606323242,
0.1297120898962021,
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0.033555928617715836,
0.06372... |
Severe\nReduced\tGrip\tStrength\nN/A\nMeasurably\nreduced\nN/A\nMeasurably\nreduced\nN/A\nMeasurably\nreduced\nAdapted\tfrom\tWhite\tJV\tet\tal:\tConsensus\tstatement\tof\tthe\tAcademy\tof\tNutrition\tand\tDietetics/American\tSociety\tfor\tParenteral\tand\tEnteral\tNutrition:\ncharacteristics\trecommended\tfor\tthe\tid... | [
0.061864715069532394,
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0.05962466821074486,
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0.06078764423727989,
0.02769068442285061,
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0.052071765065193176,
0.08972346037626266,
-0.014196585863828659,
0.017114615067839622,
0.0548... |
malnutrition\t(undernutrition),\t\nJ\tAcad\tNutr\tDiet\n\t112(5):730,\t2012.\nMeasures\tof\tfunctionality\nLoss\tof\tfunctionality\tand\tmobility\thas\ta\tripple\teffect\ton\tachieving\tactivities\tof\tdaily\tliving\t(ADLs)\tand\nnutrition-related\tADLs.\tAn\temerging\tcomponent\tof\tnutrition-focused\texamination\tis\... | [
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-0.011566544882953167,
0.047213390469551086,
0.04620472341775894,
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0.018008116632699966,
0.08272164314985275,
0.03074166178703308,
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0.003809371031820774,
0.0897330567240715,
-0.04722084850072861,
-0.0049199690110981464,
0.003... |
muscle\tstrength\tand\tfunctionality.\tClinicians\tmay\twork\tcollaboratively\twith\trehabilitation\ttherapists\nto\tassess\tthis\tand\tidentify\tstrategies\tto\timprove\tphysical\tstrength\tand\tmobility\tusing\tdiet\tand\nexercise. | [
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0.08710333704948425,
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0.007091271225363016,
0.05... |
Physical\tactivity\tassessment\nInclusion\tof\ta\tphysical\tactivity\tassessment\tis\tpart\tof\ta\tcomprehensive\tnutrition\tassessment\tbecause\nlifestyle\tand\tbehavioral\tfactors\tplay\ta\trole\tin\tthe\tcause\tand\tprevention\tof\tchronic\tdiseases.\nElectronic\ttracking\tof\tphysical\tactivity\tthrough\tsmartphone... | [
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0.07570046186447144,
0.0026816981844604015,
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0.07984914630651474,
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0.005897532682865858,
0.05790... |
other\twearable\tfitness\tand\thealth\ntracking\tdevices\tare\tuseful\tin\tcollecting,\tcompiling,\tand\tpreparing\tsummary\treports\tuseful\tto\nclinicians\tand\tpatients.\t\nBox\t5.6\n\tprovides\ta\tseries\tof\tquestions\tthat\tcan\tbe\tasked\tto\tidentify\tthe\ncurrent\tlevels\tand\tinterest\tin\tfuture\tactivity\tl... | [
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0.06739532202482224,
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0.03224577382206917,
0.0597749762237072,
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0.029020486399531364,
0.0335... |
BOX\t5.6\nPhysical\tActivity\tAssessment\tQuestionnaire\nTo\tbe\tconsidered\tphysically\n\tactive,\tyou\tmust\tget\tat\tleast:\n•\t\n30\tminutes\tof\tmoderate\tphysical\tactivity\ton\t5\tor\tmore\tdays\ta\tweek,\tOR\n•\t\n20\tminutes\tof\tvigorous\tphysical\tactivity\ton\t3\tor\tmore\tdays\ta\tweek\nHow\tphysically\tac... | [
0.016733819618821144,
-0.054514676332473755,
0.06233729422092438,
0.009160296991467476,
-0.11208244413137436,
0.014484391547739506,
0.06393333524465561,
-0.03140469640493393,
-0.04115717113018036,
0.06261774897575378,
0.07640741020441055,
-0.05614500865340233,
0.03431617468595505,
0.022619... |
(Choose\tthe\tbest\tanswer.)\n____\tI\tam\tnot\tcurrently\tactive\tand\tdo\tnot\tplan\tto\tbecome\tphysically\tactive\tin\tthe\tnext\t6\nmonths.\n____\tI\tam\tthinking\tabout\tbecoming\n\tmore\tphysically\tactive.\n____\tI\tintend\tto\tbecome\tmore\tphysically\tactive\tin\tthe\tnext\t6\tmonths.\n____\tI\thave\tbeen\ttr... | [
0.032409001141786575,
-0.054331496357917786,
0.07886912673711777,
-0.013729955069720745,
-0.0893702507019043,
0.004983908496797085,
0.10527228564023972,
-0.03433998301625252,
-0.0009653026354499161,
0.07765582203865051,
0.10095016658306122,
-0.08077829331159592,
0.017999209463596344,
0.013... |
____\tI\thave\tbeen\ttrying\tto\tget\tmore\tphysical\tactivity.\n____\tI\tam\tcurrently\tphysically\tactive\tand\thave\tbeen\tfor\tthe\tlast\t1-5\tmonths.\n____\tI\thave\tbeen\tregularly\tphysically\tactive\tfor\tthe\tpast\t6\tmonths\tor\tmore.\nCompared\twith\thow\tphysically\tactive\tyou\thave\tbeen\tover\tthe\tlast\... | [
0.006050882861018181,
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0.027753088623285294,
-0.05892794206738472,
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-0.042300283908843994,
0.0834650844335556,
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-0.014165274798870087,
0.08655362576246262,
0.10094786435365677,
-0.05896339192986488,
0.062112484127283096,
0.0261... |
describe\n\tthe\tlast\t7\tdays:\t\n(Check\tone)\n______\tMore\tactive______\tLess\tactive______\tAbout\tthe\tsame\nRecall\tyour\tparticipation\tin\tactivities\tor\tin\tsedentary\tbehaviors,\tover\tthe\tpast\t24\thours:\n•\t\nReading,\twatching\tTV,\tor\tcomputer\ttime\t_____\tminutes/day\n•\t\nFast\twalking\t____\tminu... | [
0.017114324495196342,
-0.032765939831733704,
0.05606885254383087,
-0.04685283452272415,
-0.10236643254756927,
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0.11643834412097931,
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0.04315285012125969,
0.09230584651231766,
-0.07022811472415924,
0.028490697965025902,
0.02... |
•\t\nFast\twalking\t____\tminutes/day\n•\t\nPhysical\tactivity\t(swimming,\ttennis,\tracquetball,\tsimilar)\t______\tminutes/day\n•\t\nOther\tphysical\tactivity\t(describe\n\t_________________)\t_______\tminutes/day\nWhat\tare\tthe\t3\tmost\timportant\treasons\twhy\tyou\twould\tconsider\tincreasing\tyour\tphysical\nact... | [
0.007573449518531561,
-0.03150623291730881,
0.08664041012525558,
-0.002264418639242649,
-0.08918357640504837,
-0.02329462766647339,
0.09557885676622391,
-0.01589302346110344,
-0.05046938359737396,
0.02897646836936474,
0.06374252587556839,
-0.07882785052061081,
0.0014723031781613827,
0.0696... |
activity?\n▫\tImprove\tmy\thealth\t▫\tControl\tmy\tweight\t▫\tLower\tmy\tstress\nMeasures\tof\tstrength\nWith\taging,\tthe\tbalanced\tcycle\tof\tmuscle\tsynthesis\tand\tdegradation\tshifts\ttoward\tmore\tbreakdown\nthan\tsynthesis\tof\tmuscle\ttissue\t(see\t\nChapter\t19\n).\tThe\tconsequence\n\tis\tatrophy\tof\tmuscle... | [
-0.010910472832620144,
-0.0643012672662735,
0.04522865638136864,
-0.031112488359212875,
-0.09907662868499756,
0.03793985769152641,
0.07021930068731308,
-0.005021612625569105,
-0.0116075174883008,
0.06478995829820633,
0.08371008187532425,
-0.04417800530791283,
0.02204401232302189,
0.0409462... |
Chapter\t19\n).\tThe\tconsequence\n\tis\tatrophy\tof\tmuscle\tmass\tand\nloss\tof\tstrength\tand\tpower.\tHandgrip\tdynamometry\tcan\tprovide\ta\tbaseline\tnutritional\tassessment\tof\nmuscle\tfunction\tby\tmeasuring\tgrip\tstrength\tand\tendurance\tand\tis\tuseful\tin\tserial\tmeasurements.\nMeasurements\tof\thandgrip... | [
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0.04070013388991356,
-0.05982769653201103,
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0.023089969530701637,
0.04851830005645752,
0.047849249094724655,
-0.0030297995544970036,
0.056567609310150146,
0.09756110608577728,
0.0031754132360219955,
0.06921723484992981,
0.0077... |
manufacturer.\tDecreased\tgrip\tstrength\tis\tan\timportant\tsign\tof\tfrailty\tand\tis\tone\tof\n\tthe\ncharacteristics\tof\tsevere\tmalnutrition\t(\nWhite\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tLow\tgrip\tstrength\tis\tassociated\nconsistently\twith\ta\tgreater\tlikelihood\tof\tpremature\tmortality,\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\tdisability,\t... | [
0.01106513012200594,
0.011661157011985779,
0.022241409868001938,
-0.006977306213229895,
-0.05662638694047928,
-0.003130238503217697,
0.08646667003631592,
0.028106406331062317,
-0.03680768981575966,
0.0166141577064991,
0.10930614173412323,
-0.0346481055021286,
0.016718637198209763,
0.019853... |
increased\trisk\tof\tcomplications\tor\tprolonged\tlength\tof\tstay\tafter\thospitalization\tor\tsurgery\tin\tmiddle-\naged\tand\tolder\tadults\t(\nMcLean\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nRehabilitation\ttherapists\tuse\ta\tnumber\tof\tevidence-based\n\tmeasures\tof\tupper\tand\tlower\textremity\nphysical\tfunction\tand\tperformanc... | [
0.0009183938964270055,
-0.04241520166397095,
0.04139580577611923,
-0.0366702675819397,
-0.085800901055336,
0.0026180974673479795,
0.07766582071781158,
0.02815861627459526,
-0.02006070874631405,
0.08821563422679901,
0.1234169527888298,
0.01925404742360115,
0.045970577746629715,
0.0367621332... |
climbing,\trising\tfrom\ta\tchair,\tand\tbalance.\tA\tscore\tis\tdetermined\tfor\teach\ttest\tand\tsummed\tfor\ninterpretation.\tWorking\tcollaboratively\twith\trehabilitation\ttherapists\tallows\tfor\ta\tbetter\nunderstanding\tof\tfunctional\tmeasures\tof\tperformance\tand\thow\tthey\trelate\tto\n\tnutritional\tstatus... | [
0.04279870539903641,
-0.06328783184289932,
0.05294305458664894,
-0.01899588853120804,
-0.12263446301221848,
0.0037676289211958647,
0.09665483981370926,
0.009894616901874542,
-0.02298305183649063,
0.08227143436670303,
0.08513498306274414,
-0.03222199156880379,
0.0016214948846027255,
0.06023... |
nutritional\tstatus.\nFunctional\tmedicine\nFunctional\tmedicine\n\tis\tan\tevolving,\tevidence-based\tdiscipline\tthat\tsees\tthe\tbody\twith\tits\tmutually\ninteractive\tsystems\tas\ta\twhole,\trather\tthan\tas\ta\tset\tof\tisolated\tsigns\tand\tsymptoms.\tThe\tInstitute\tof\nFunctional\tMedicine\t(IFM)\tpromotes\tan... | [
0.04352434724569321,
-0.07050632685422897,
0.05512520298361778,
0.03165728226304054,
-0.10018446296453476,
0.013985512778162956,
0.10042347013950348,
0.010457196272909641,
-0.042134735733270645,
0.07090765982866287,
0.07117711752653122,
-0.037727415561676025,
-0.02480912208557129,
0.000948... |
and\tenvironmental\tindividuality\tof\teach\tperson.\tThe\n\tfocus\tis\tpatient\tcentered,\tnot\tjust\tdisease\ncentered.\tLifestyle\tand\thealth-promoting\tfactors\tinclude\tnutrition,\texercise,\tadequate\tsleep,\thealthy\nrelationships,\tand\ta\tpositive\tsense\tof\tself.\nThe\t\nFunctional\tNutrition\tAssessment\n\... | [
0.03598181530833244,
-0.050313789397478104,
0.07272800803184509,
-0.01079561747610569,
-0.1220092624425888,
0.015735266730189323,
0.07168897986412048,
-0.028545059263706207,
-0.022125262767076492,
0.05454462021589279,
0.10044340044260025,
-0.03306078165769577,
0.006997548043727875,
0.03741... |
acknowledges\tthe\tweb-like\tinterconnectedness\tof\tinternal\nphysiologic\tfactors\tand\tidentifies\troot\tcauses\tof\tchronic\tdisease\tby\tintegrating\ttraditional\tdietetic\npractice\n\twith\tnutritional\tgenomics\t(see\t\nChapter\t6\n),\tthe\trestoration\tof\tgastrointestinal\tfunction,\tthe | [
-0.005076901521533728,
-0.08751517534255981,
0.02681037038564682,
-0.01996464468538761,
-0.0801650807261467,
0.006942539941519499,
0.07340621948242188,
0.03474355861544609,
0.00045906714512966573,
0.04969444125890732,
0.07340222597122192,
-0.03614063933491707,
-0.02576998993754387,
0.09683... |
quelling\tof\tchronic\tinflammation\t(see\t\nChapter\t7\n),\tand\tthe\tinterpretation\tof\tnutritional\tbiomarkers.\nThe\tfunctional\tnutrition\tpractitioner\torganizes\tthe\tdata\tcollected\tfrom\ta\tdetailed\tintake\tthat\tincludes\nexploration\tof\tcore\tareas\tof\timbalance:\tdietary,\thormonal,\toxidative\tstress,... | [
0.021136680617928505,
-0.03982476517558098,
0.058885205537080765,
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0.0009410343482159078,
0.10233153402805328,
0.020693037658929825,
0.03226366266608238,
0.0775231122970581,
0.0730128064751625,
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0.05614273250102997,
0.0307406... |
immune\tfunction,\tand\tpsychological\tand\tspiritual\thealth.\tThis\tleads\ta\tunique\tand\tpersonalized\nassessment\tof\tdisease\tfor\teach\tindividual\twithin\tthe\tframework\tof\tthe\tNCP\t(see\t\nTable\t5.10\n,\t\nFig.\t5.9\n,\nand\t\nChapter\t11\n).\nFIG.\t5.9\nFunctional\tMedicine\tMatrix\tModel.\nTABLE\t5.10\nS... | [
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0.030408769845962524,
0.06976312398910522,
0.03406842052936554,
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0.07169009745121002,
0.076118104159832,
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0.0786... |
Ingestion\nDigestion\nUtilization—Cellular\tand\nMolecular\tFunctional\nRelationships\nFood,\tfiber,\twater,\tsupplements,\tmedication\nAdequate\tmicroflora\nAntioxidants:\twater-soluble\nvitamin\tC,\tphytonutrients\nIntake\tpatterns\taffected\tby\temotional\tor\ndisordered\teating\nAllergies\nMethylation\tand\tacetyla... | [
0.004236810375005007,
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0.04938504844903946,
0.03148055449128151,
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0.05975893884897232,
0.102999746799469,
0.05598466470837593,
-0.04750028997659683,
0.030044596642255783,
0.08436186611652374,
-0.0018920892616733909,
0.025903528556227684,
-0.0134834... |
dependence\ton\tadequate\tB\ncomplex\tvitamins\tand\nminerals\nToxins\tentering\tthe\tbody\tvia\tfood,\tskin,\ninhalants,\twater,\tenvironment\t(including\npesticides\tand\tchemicals)\nGenetic\tenzyme\ndeficits\nOils\tand\tfatty\tacids:\nprostaglandin\tbalance,\tcell\nmembrane\tfunction,\tvitamin\nE\tfunction\nHydratio... | [
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-0.07975831627845764,
0.03511299565434456,
-0.033500734716653824,
-0.028429578989744186,
0.01935112290084362,
0.12690795958042145,
0.036985304206609726,
0.0028586711268872023,
0.039913471788167953,
0.1240263357758522,
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0.05378034710884094,
0.0395... |
Hydration\nProtein\tmetabolism:\tconnective\ntissue,\tenzymes,\timmune\nfunction,\tetc.\nInfection/inflammatory\nresponse\nVitamin\tD\tin\tconcert\twith\nfunctional\tmetabolic\tpartner\nnutrients\tvitamins\tA\tand\tK\nLifestyle:\tsleep,\nexercise,\tstressors\nCLINICAL\tCASE\tSTUDY\nGia,\ta\t58-year-old\tF,\tis\tadmitte... | [
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0.04539192467927933,
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0.030562452971935272,
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0.03343366086483002,
0.02580... |
6\nNutritional\tgenomics\nRuth\tDeBusk,\tPhD,\tRDN,\tMichael\tHahn,\tBA\nKEY\tTERMS\nautosome\nbioactive\tfood\tcomponents\ncandidate\tgene\tapproach\nchromosome\ncoding\tregion\ncodon\ndeoxyribonucleic\tacid\t(DNA)\ndominant\nELSI\nepigenetics\nepigenetic\tinheritance\nepigenetic\tmarks/tags\nepigenome,\tepigenomics\n... | [
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0.07997822761535645,
0.10953591763973236,
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-0.... |
expression\tgenome-wide\tassociation\tstudies\t(eGWAS)\nexon\ngene,\tgenetics\ngene\tvariant/genetic\n\tvariation\nGenetic\tInformation\tNondiscrimination\tAct\t(GINA)\ngenome,\tgenomics\ngenome-wide\tassociation\tstudy\t(GWAS)\ngenomic\timprinting\ngenotype\nheterozygous\nhistone\nhomozygous\nintervening\tsequences\ni... | [
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0.017193200066685677,
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0.010179928503930569,
0.01604596897959709,
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0.07464466989040375,
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0.03... |
intervening\tsequences\nintron\nkaryotype\nligand\nmendelian\tinheritance\nmessenger\tRNA\t(mRNA)\nmetabolome,\tmetabolomics\nmicrobiome,\tmicrobiomics\nmitochondrial\tDNA\t(mtDNA)\nmitochondrial\t(maternal)\tinheritance\nmutation\nnucleotide\nnutrigenetics\nnutrigenomics\nnutritional\tgenomics\nobesogen | [
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0.0061728... |
penetrance\npharmacogenomics\nphenotype\npolymorphism\nposttranslational\tmodification\nprecision\t(personalized)\thealth\npromoter\tregion\nproteomics\nrecessive\nregulatory\tregion\nresponse\telements\nrs\tnumber\nsex\tchromosome\nsignal\ttransduction\nsingle\tnucleotide\tpolymorphism\t(SNP)\nsomatic\ntranscription\n... | [
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0.04... |
transcription\ntranscription\n\tfactors\ntranscriptomics\ntranslation\nImagine\tmeeting\twith\tclients\tand\thaving\tan\tassessment\tof\ttheir\tgenetic\tcapabilities\tand\tdisease\nsusceptibilities.\tAdd\tto\tthat\tinformation\ttheir\tlaboratory\treports\tas\twell\tas\tinsight\tinto\ttheir\tlifestyle | [
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0.0... |
choices:\tthe\tfoods\tthey\teat,\ttheir\texercise\thabits,\thow\twell\tthey\tmanage\ttheir\tthoughts\tand\temotions,\nhow\tsupportive\ttheir\trelationships\tare,\tthe\tquantity\n\tand\tquality\tof\ttheir\tsleep,\tand\ttheir\tdegree\tof\ntoxic\texposures.\tFurther,\tas\ta\twell-trained\tnutrition\tprofessional,\tyou\tun... | [
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0.018... |
interconnections\tamong\ttheir\tgenetic\tprofile,\tlifestyle\tchoices,\tand\tchronic\tdisease.\tIt’s\troutine\tfor\nyou\tto\tassess\tthe\tmolecular,\tbiochemical,\tand\tphysiologic\tmechanisms\tcontributing\tto\tthe\tclient’s\ncurrent\thealth\tstatus\tand\tto\ttranslate\tthis\tinformation\n\tinto\teffective\ttherapeuti... | [
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0.040... |
into\teffective\ttherapeutic\tinterventions\tthat\ncan\trestore\thealth\tor\tprevent\tdisease,\tas\tneeded.\tSuch\ta\tscenario\tis\twhat’s\tenvisioned\tfor\tthe\tera\tof\nprecision\t(personalized)\thealth\n\twhere\ttherapy\tis\ttailored\tto\teach\tindividual\tso\tthat\tnutrition\nprofessionals\tcan\thelp\tclients\topti... | [
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0.09653477370738983,
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-0.0075... |
genomics\tbrings\tto\tthe\tfield\tof\tnutrition\tand\tdietetics.\nNutrition\tresearch\tis\tfocused\tincreasingly\ton\tthe\tmechanisms\tthat\tunderlie\tthese\tinteractions\tand\non\tprojecting\thow\tthis\tunderstanding\tcan\tbe\ttranslated\tinto\tclinical\tinterventions\tfor\tmore\teffective | [
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chronic\tdisease\tmanagement\tand\tprevention.\tHealth\tis\ta\tcontinuum\tthat\tspans\twellness\tat\tone\tend\nand\tillness\tat\tthe\tother.\tGenes\tare\tan\timportant\tcomponent\tin\tdetermining\tat\twhich\tend\tof\tthis\ncontinuum\n\twe\tfind\tourselves;\tthey\tdetermine\tour\tunique\tsignature\tof\tsusceptibility\tt... | [
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0.0173... |
ill.\tHowever,\tresearch\tinto\tchronic\tdisease\tis\tteaching\tus\tthat\tenvironmental\tfactors\tsuch\tas\tdiet\tand\nother\tlifestyle\tchoices\tmade\ton\ta\tdaily\tbasis\tstrongly\tinfluence\twho\tamong\tthe\tsusceptible\twill\nactually\tdevelop\tdysfunction\tand\tdisease.\tFood\tchoices,\tphysical\tactivity\thabits,... | [
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0.0044... |
thoughts\tand\n\temotions,\tand\tsystems\tof\tmeaning—relationships\twith\tself\tand\tothers\tand\tone’s\tsense\nof\tpurpose\tin\tlife—affect\tcellular\tfunction\tat\tthe\tmolecular,\tbiochemical,\tand\tphysiologic\tlevels.\tThe\ninfluence\tof\tthese\tenvironmental\tfactors\tis\tmodifiable\tthrough\tdaily\tchoices\tand... | [
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to\tthe\tgenetic\tmakeup,\thas\tthe\tpotential\tfor\tchanging\tthe\thealth\ttrajectory\tfrom\ta\tpoor\tquality\tof\tlife\nfilled\twith\n\tdisease\tand\tdisability\tto\tone\tof\tthriving\tand\tflourishing.\nThis\tunderstanding\tof\tthe\tkey\trole\tof\tchoices\tregarding\tthese\tmodifiable\tlifestyle\tfactors\tis | [
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enabling\tclinicians\tto\tassess\tto\tthe\troot\tcause\tof\tchronic\tdisease,\tto\tidentify\tthe\tmolecular\tand\nbiochemical\tmechanisms\tthat\tunderlie\tsymptoms,\tand\tto\ttailor\ttherapy\tto\tthe\tindividual’s\nuniqueness.\tAs\ta\tresult,\tthe\tpromise\tof\tthe\tmolecular\tera\n\tis\tnot\tonly\tto\tmanage\tchronic\... | [
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0.043... |
is\tnot\tonly\tto\tmanage\tchronic\tdisease\tmore\neffectively\tbut\talso\tto\trestore\thealth\tand,\tultimately,\tto\tprevent\tchronic\tdisease\tfrom\tdeveloping.\tThe\ninteractions\tamong\tgenes,\tdiet\tand\tother\tlifestyle\tfactors,\tand\ttheir\tinfluence\ton\thealth\tand\tdisease\nare\tthe\tfocus\tof\tnutritional\... | [
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0.06045... |
Genetic\tand\tgenomic\tfundamentals\nGenetics\n\tis\tthe\tscience\tof\theredity.\tIt\tis\tthe\tstudy\tof\tindividual\tgenes\n\tand\ttheir\tvariations,\thow\tthey\ngive\trise\tto\tmeasurable\ttraits\tand\tthe\tmechanisms\tby\twhich\ttraits\t(genes)\tare\tinherited\tfrom\tone\ngeneration\tto\tthe\tnext.\t\nGenomics\n\tfo... | [
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focuses\ton\tthe\tfull\tset\tof\tan\torganism’s\tgenes,\tits\t\ngenome\n,\tand\nhow\tgenes\tinteract\twith\teach\tother\tand\twith\tthe\tenvironment.\tGenetic\tresearch\tfocuses\ton\nidentifying\tgenes\tin\tan\torganism,\ttheir\tlocation,\tthe\tfunction\tof\tthe\tproteins\tthey\n\tencode,\tand\thow | [
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0.04497... |
encode,\tand\thow\ngenes\tare\tassociated\twith\tvarious\ttraits,\tsome\thealth-promoting,\tsome\tdisease-promoting.\tGenomic\nresearch\tlooks\tat\tthe\tstructure\tand\tfunctions\tof\tthe\twhole\tgenome,\tincluding\tinteractions\tbetween\ndifferent\tgroups\tof\tgenes\tor\tother\telements.\tWhereas\tgenetics\twas\tiniti... | [
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0.0171... |
that\tarise\tfrom\ta\tchange\tin\ta\tsingle\tgene,\tgenomics\thas\tbroadened\tthe\tfocus\tto\tinclude\n\tthe\tcomplex\ninteraction\tof\tmultiple\tgenes,\tvariations\tin\tthese\tgenes,\tand\tenvironmental\tfactors\tthat\tinfluence\ntheir\texpression.\tThis\tfocus\tpositions\tgenomic-related\tresearch\tand\tclinical\tapp... | [
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0.0... |
addressing\tchronic\tdisease,\twhich\tinvolves\tthe\tinteraction\tamong\tgenes\tand\tenvironmental\tfactors. | [
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The\tHuman\tGenome\tProject\twas\ta\tmultinational\tcollaboration\tformed\tto\tidentify\teach\tof\tthe\napproximately\t3\tbillion\tnucleotide\tbuilding\tblocks\tof\tthe\thuman\tgenome.\tSee\t\nBox\t6.1\n\tfor\tbackground\ninformation\ton\tthe\timportance\tof\tthis\tproject\tto\tthe\tprogress\tof\tunderstanding\tthe\tin... | [
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among\tgenes,\tenvironment,\tand\thealth.\nBOX\t6.1\nThe\tHuman\tGenome\tProject\nThe\tHuman\tGenome\tProject\t(HGP)\thas\tbeen\tthe\timpetus\tfor\ta\tfundamental\tshift\tto\tintegrating\ngenetic\tprinciples\tinto\thealth\n\tcare.\tThis\tambitious\tproject\twas\ta\t$15\tbillion\tinternational\teffort | [
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-0.013... |
care.\tThis\tambitious\tproject\twas\ta\t$15\tbillion\tinternational\teffort\nthat\tbegan\tin\t1990,\theadquartered\twithin\tthe\tU.S.\tby\tthe\tDepartment\tof\tEnergy\tand\tthe\tNational\nInstitutes\tof\tHealth.\tThe\tinitial\tgoal\twas\tto\tidentify\teach\tof\tthe\t3\tbillion\tnucleotides\tin\thuman | [
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0.03... |
DNA,\tthe\tgenetic\tmaterial\t(genome).\tSubsequent\tgoals\twould\tinclude\t(1)\tcataloging\teach\tgene\tin\nthe\thuman\tgenome,\t(2)\tidentifying\teach\tgene\n\tand\tits\tprotein\tproduct,\t(3)\tdetecting\tchanges\tin\ngenes\tand\ttheir\tassociation\twith\tdisease\tsusceptibility,\tand\t(4)\tshedding\tlight\ton\thow | [
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0.02... |
environmental\ttriggers\tinfluence\tgenes\tand\tdisease\tsusceptibility.\tAdditionally,\tthe\tgenomes\tof\nother\torganisms\twould\tbe\tsequenced\tto\tenable\ttheir\tuse\tas\tmodel\tsystems\tin\tthe\tlaboratory\tin\norder\tto\texplore\tkey\tmechanisms,\tfrom\tretrieving\tencoded\tinformation\tfrom\n\tDNA\tto\nunderstan... | [
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0.020048... |
DNA\tto\nunderstanding\tgene-environment\tinteractions.\nThe\tHGP\tcompleted\tthe\tsequencing\tphase\tin\t2003,\tmuch\tearlier\tthan\texpected.\tHowever,\nidentifying\tthe\thuman\tsequence\tdid\tnot\tautomatically\tprovide\tanswers\tto\tall\tthe\tkey\tquestions\nthat\twere\tneeded\tto\tdevelop\tclinical\tapplications\t... | [
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-... |
disease,\tparticularly\tfor\tthe\tchronic\tdiseases\twhose\tprevalence\twas\n\tsignificant\tworldwide.\tA\nnumber\tof\tdisciplines\temerged\tcorresponding\tto\tthe\tvarious\tsteps\tin\tthe\tprocesses,\tfrom\nretrieving\tinformation\tto\ttranslating\tthat\tinformation\tinto\tproteins\tto\tregulating\tgene\texpression. | [
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0.033351678... |
This\tlatter\tprocess\tincludes\tepigenetics,\twhich\thas\tbeen\ta\tbit\tof\ta\t“missing\tlink”\tin\tunderstanding\nhow\tgenes\tgive\trise\tto\tchronic\tdiseases,\twhich\tis\tessential\tfor\tdeveloping\teffective\n\tclinical\napplications\tand\tfor\tdisease\tprevention.\tSee\t\nBox\t6.2\n\tfor\tinformation\tabout\tthe\... | [
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0.07311626523733139,
0.09126457571983337,
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0.05333484336733818,
0.02137... |
Box\t6.2\n\tfor\tinformation\tabout\tthe\tprimary\t“omic”\ndisciplines\tthat\thave\temerged.\tEach\tof\tthese\tdisciplines\thas\tcontinued\tdeveloping\tas\ta\tprimary\nresearch\tfocus\tand\tis\tcontributing\tvaluable\tinsight\tinto\tthe\tgene/environment/health\tand\tdisease\nconnections.\nAnother\tmajor\taccomplishmen... | [
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0.0827348455786705,
0.06387873739004135,
0.008461312390863895,
0.004420170560479164,
0.0216207... |
occurred\n\tin\tgenetic\ttechnologies,\twithout\twhich\tthis\twork\twould\tnot\thave\tbeen\table\tto\tmove\nforward\tso\tquickly.\tAdvances\tinclude\tthe\tability\tto\tmove\tfrom\tstudying\tsingle\tgenes\tand\ttheir\nvariations\tto\thigh-throughput\twhole\tgenome\tsequencing\tthat\thas\tgreatly\tincreased\tthe\tspeed | [
0.03897203505039215,
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0.043749090284109116,
0.00... |
with\twhich\tthe\twork\tcan\tbe\tconducted\tand\tdecreased\tthe\tcost\tof\tsequencing.\tAdditionally,\tthe\ngenomes\tof\tnumerous\tother\torganisms\n\thave\tbeen\tsequenced.\tSome\tof\tthese\torganisms,\tsuch\tas\nthe\tlaboratory\tmouse,\thave\tserved\ta\tvaluable\trole\tas\tmodel\tsystems\tfor\tunderstanding\thuman | [
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processes.\tThe\tgenetics\tand\tenvironmental\tconditions\tof\tmodel\tsystems\tcan\tbe\tmanipulated\tand\nthe\tmolecular,\tbiochemical,\tand\tphysiologic\toutcomes\tstudied\tas\twell\tas\tthe\theritability\tof\tany\nchanges\tnoted.\tThe\tHGP\talso\temphasized\teducating\tgenetic\tscientists\n\tand\tclinicians,\tintegra... | [
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and\tclinicians,\tintegrating\nthe\tresults\tof\tgenetic\tresearch\tinto\tclinical\tpractice,\tand\tdeveloping\tsophisticated\tcomputer\ntechnology\t(bioinformatics)\tin\torder\tto\tmake\tsense\tof\tthe\tlarge\tvolume\tof\tdata\tthat\twould\tbe\ngenerated.\tAs\ta\tresult\tof\tthis\tcollaborative\teffort\ton\ta\tglobal\... | [
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0.07396253198385239,
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0.03424321115016937,
0.011627988889813423,
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0.0916067510843277,
0.07949794083833694,
-0.048081476241350174,
0.035321637988090515,
0.04460... |
only\tdreamed\tabout\tin\t1990,\tis\tnow\ta\tviable\tgoal\tfor\thealth\tcare.\tFor\ta\thistory\n\tof\tthe\tHuman\nGenome\tProject,\tsee\tthe\tNational\tHuman\tGenome\tResearch\tInstitute’s\twebsite.\nBOX\t6.2\nGenomics\tand\tOther\t“Omic”\tDisciplines\nSeveral\tnew\tdisciplines,\ttechnologies,\tand\ttools\tapplicable\t... | [
0.02940589375793934,
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0.032771237194538116,
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0.030874691903591156,
0.014337322674691677,
-0.043618522584438324,
0.03272152319550514,
0.07425915449857712,
0.06376329064369202,
-0.007587949745357037,
-0.02314920537173748,
-0.00... |
Human\tGenome\tProject.\tThe\tmajor\tdisciplines\thave\tbeen\tgenomics,\tproteomics,\tmetabolomics,\nand\tmicrobiomics.\t\nGenomics\n\tis\tthe\tstudy\tof\torganisms\tand\ttheir\n\tgenetic\tmaterial\t(the\tgenome):\ncomposition,\torganization,\tand\tfunction.\nThe\tgenome\t(total\tDNA\tsequence)\tis\ttranscribed\tinto\t... | [
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0.0019892193377017975,
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-0.06224435195326805,
0.03959425166249275,
0.026657117530703545,
0.037293754518032074,
-0.0038908275309950113,
0.08631787449121475,
0.08232123404741287,
-0.020427430048584938,
-0.055287089198827744,
0... |
Transcriptomics\n\tis\tthe\tstudy\tof\tthe\ttranscripts\tproduced:\tthe\ttypes\tof\ttranscripts\tgenome-wide\nand\tthe\tamount\tproduced.\tThe\tcoding\tRNA\tcontains\tinformation\tneeded\tto\tsynthesize\tproteins\nand\twas\toriginally\tthought\tto\tbe\tthe\tonly\tfunctional\n\ttype\tof\tRNA.\tTranscriptomics\tresearch\... | [
-0.016816789284348488,
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0.025419162586331367,
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0.0777108445763588,
0.04287402331829071,
0.0022069434635341167,
-0.02138781175017357,
0.055... |
type\tof\tRNA.\tTranscriptomics\tresearch\thas\nrevealed\tthat\tthe\tmajority\tof\tthe\tgenome\tis\ttranscribed\tbut\tthat\tnoncoding\tRNA\tcomprises\tmost\nof\tthe\ttranscripts\tproduced.\tAlthough\ttheir\tphysiologic\troles\tare\tonly\tbeginning\tto\tbe\tunderstood,\nsome\tof\tthese\ttranscripts\tare\tbeing\tfound\tt... | [
0.010278631933033466,
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0.030144473537802696,
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0.05641446262598038,
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0.06601396203041077,
0.061394430696964264,
-0.0010077902115881443,
0.029940197244286537,
0.... |
Proteomics\n\tfocuses\tin\tpart\ton\tidentifying\tthe\tprotein\tencoded\tby\teach\tgene,\tthe\tprotein’s\nfunction,\tand\tthe\teffect\tof\ta\tmutation\tin\ta\tgene\ton\tthe\tstructure\tand\tfunction\tof\tthe\tencoded\nprotein.\tResearch\tin\tproteomics\talso\tincludes\tidentifying\tthe\tposttranslational\tmodifications... | [
-0.010801075957715511,
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0.011521364562213421,
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0.028524575755000114,
0.09948963671922684,
0.07042499631643295,
-0.010135781951248646,
0.08456596732139587,
0.09188935905694962,
-0.023932259529829025,
0.005277409218251705,
0.06789... |
proteins,\tsuch\tas\tenzymatic\tcleavage\tto\tgenerate\tan\tactive\tprotein\tor\tthe\taddition\tof\tchemical\ngroups\tsuch\tas\tin\tglycosylation\tand\tphosphorylation.\nMetabolomics\n\tis\tthe\tstudy\tof\tthe\tsubstrates\tand\tproducts\n\tof\tmetabolism\t(the\tmetabolites).\tThe\ngoal\tis\tto\tidentify\teach\tmetaboli... | [
-0.007803266402333975,
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-0.013777926564216614,
-0.04607876017689705,
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0.043075740337371826,
0.07329729944467545,
0.021175280213356018,
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0.050642699003219604,
0.09585022926330566,
-0.03839653730392456,
-0.004140826873481274,
0.... |
biofluids,\ttissues,\tand\torgans.\nMicrobiomics\n\tconcerns\tthe\tmicrobial\tecology\tof\tbody\tcavities,\tsuch\tas\tthe\tdigestive\ttract\tand\nthe\toral\tcavity,\tanother\timportant\tbody\tcavity\tin\tnutrition\tpractice.\tBeneficial\tand\tpathogenic\nmicrobes\tcolonize\tthese\tcavities\tand\tinfluence\n\thealth.\tT... | [
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0.004019135143607855,
-0.04579685628414154,
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0.03813489153981209,
0.05324506014585495,
0.014360685832798481,
0.04961368069052696,
0.07849299162626266,
-0.10173633694648743,
-0.01637483760714531,
0.042... |
health.\tThe\tHuman\tMicrobiome\tProject\n(\nhttps://hmpdacc.org\n)\thas\tbeen\tinstrumental\tin\tidentifying\twhich\tmicrobes\tare\tpresent\tin\thealth | [
-0.000010549394573899917,
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0.06402958184480667,
0.03409745916724205,
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0.07910635322332382,
0.07457347214221954,
-0.09924709051847458,
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0.01... |
and\tdisease\tand\tsequencing\tthe\tgenomes\tof\teach.\nPharmacogenomics\n,\twhich\tis\tconceptually\tsimilar\tto\tnutritional\tgenomics,\tinvolves\tusing\ngenomics\tto\tanalyze\tthe\tgenetic\tvariations\tin\tthe\tgenes\tthat\tencode\tthe\tdrug-metabolizing\nenzymes\tand\tusing\tthis\tinformation\tto\n\tpredict\ta\tpat... | [
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0.0406... |
predict\ta\tpatient’s\tresponse\tto\ta\tdrug.\tGenetic\tvariability\ncan\tlead\tto\tdiffering\tfunction\tin\tthese\tenzymes,\twhich\texplains\twhy\ta\tdrug\tmay\thave\tthe\tintended\neffects\tfor\tone\tperson,\tbe\tineffective\tfor\tanother,\tand\tbe\tharmful\tto\ta\tthird.\tIn\taddition\tto | [
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0.050058... |
identifying\tindividuals\tfor\twhom\tthe\tdrug\ttherapy\twill\tbe\tbeneficial,\tit’s\tpossible\tto\tcalculate\tthe\nappropriate\tstarting\tdosage\tand\tminimize\tadverse\n\tevents.\tThe\tcommon\tblood-thinning\tmedication\nwarfarin\tprovides\tan\texample\tof\tpharmacogenomics\tand\tits\tclinical\tapplications\t(see\t\n... | [
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0.07... |
Box\t6.14\n).\nMany\tgenetic\ttechnologies\tand\ttools\thave\tbeen\tdeveloped\tfor\tthe\tvarious\t“omics”\tdisciplines.\nBasic\tDNA\tsequencing\ttechnology\tapplied\tto\tmicrobiomics\thas\tsignificantly\tshortened\tthe\ttime\nneeded\tto\tidentify\tpathogenic\tmicroorganisms,\twhich\tallows\tantimicrobial\n\ttherapy\tto... | [
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0.06613769382238388,
0.08369419723749161,
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0.03... |
therapy\tto\tbe\tinitiated\nmuch\tsooner\tthan\tpreviously\tpossible.\tNext-generation\tsequencing\ttechnology\tenables\tresearch\nand\tclinical\tlaboratories\tto\tgenerate\tcomplete\tgenomic\tprofiles\tin\ta\tfraction\tof\tthe\ttime\tand\tcost\nof\tearlier\ttechnology.\tThe\tvast\tamount\tof\tdata\tgenerated\tby\tthes... | [
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0.06791485100984573,
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0.06565187871456146,
0.015231517143547535,
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0.04846399277448654,
0.06451829522848129,
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0.04169260337948799,
0.0269... |
growth\tin\tthe\tfield\tof\tbioinformatics.\tThe\tability\tof\tsophisticated\tcomputers\tto\torganize,\n\tstore,\nand\tretrieve\tmassive\tamounts\tof\tdata\thas\tbeen\tintegral\tto\tthe\trapid\tadvances\tof\tthe\tgenomics\nera.\nBOX\t6.14\nApplication\tof\tPharmacogenomics:\tWarfarin\nOne\tof\tthe\tearliest\tclinical\t... | [
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0.004655035212635994,
0.042430758476257324,
0.05196792632341385,
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0.08477164059877396,
0.06333339214324951,
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0.... |
which\tis\tsimilar\tin\tconcept\tto\tnutritional\tgenomics.\tPharmacogenomics\tinvolves\tusing\tgenomics\nto\tanalyze\tthe\tgenetic\tvariations\tin\tthe\n\tgenes\tthat\tencode\tthe\tdrug-metabolizing\tenzymes\tand\npredict\tthe\toutcomes\twhen\tvariants\tinteract\twith\tspecific\tdrugs.\tGenetic\tvariability\tcan\tlead... | [
-0.025456415489315987,
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0.0011292845010757446,
-0.031484752893447876,
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0.06010829657316208,
0.06029218062758446,
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0.05413603037595749,
0.076062873005867,
-0.060025643557310104,
-0.03454121947288513,
0.06... |
differing\tfunction\tin\tthese\tenzymes,\twhich\texplains\twhy\ta\tdrug\tmay\thave\tthe\tintended\teffects\tfor\none\tperson,\tbe\tineffective\tfor\tanother,\tand\tbe\tharmful\tto\ta\tthird.\tBy\tidentifying\tknown\tmutations\nin\tbiochemical\tpathways\tinvolved\tin\tthe\tdrug’s\tmetabolism,\n\tit\tbecomes\tpossible\tt... | [
0.024003243073821068,
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0.07306680828332901,
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0.06413299590349197,
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0.00043100680341012776,
0.057575177401304245,
0.09586562216281891,
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0.049053166061639786,
0.027... |
it\tbecomes\tpossible\tto\tidentify\nindividuals\tfor\twhom\tthe\tdrug\ttherapy\twill\tbe\tbeneficial\tbut\talso\tto\tassist\twith\tcalculating\tthe\nappropriate\tdose\tfrom\tthe\toutset\tof\ttherapy.\tFor\tdrugs\twith\tnarrow\ttherapeutic\twindows\tof\nefficacy,\tprescribing\tthe\tcorrect\tdosage\tfrom\tthe\toutset\to... | [
0.011484515853226185,
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0.02403653785586357,
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0.01848081685602665,
0.056455209851264954,
0.015740210190415382,
0.023859158158302307,
0.07218461483716965,
0.11039979755878448,
-0.01738026551902294,
0.09157227724790573,
0.03309... |
the\tpotential\tfor\tadverse\tevents.\tSeveral\tdrugs\thave\tnow\tbeen\tassociated\twith\n\tgene\tvariants\tand\ngenetic\ttesting\tis\tavailable\tbefore\tbeginning\ttherapy.\nThe\tblood-thinning\tmedication\twarfarin\thas\ta\tnarrow\ttherapeutic\twindow\tand\tis\twidely\tused.\nAssociated\twith\tfrequent\tadverse\teven... | [
0.03473782539367676,
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0.08259894698858261,
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-0.09532251209020615,
0.0025058460887521505,
0.032857686281204224,
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0.02398517355322838,
0.0737738162279129,
0.07944429665803909,
-0.0327204093337059,
0.03397982567548752,
0.00523348... |
pharmacogenomics\twas\tapplied.\tVariation\tin\tthe\t\nCYP2C9,\tVKORC1,\n\tor\t\nCYP4F2\n\tgenes\tinfluence\nits\tsafe\tuse.\tThe\tmost\trecent\tcomprehensive\ttrial\tto\n\ttest\tthe\tclinical\tutility\tof\twarfarin\npharmacogenetics\tis\tthe\tClarification\tof\tOptimal\tAnticoagulation\tThrough\tGenetics\t(COAG)\ttria... | [
-0.04591788724064827,
-0.07457605749368668,
-0.01890316978096962,
-0.06348887085914612,
-0.04677041247487068,
0.010384796187281609,
0.012064788490533829,
0.0904892310500145,
-0.012007582932710648,
0.052915703505277634,
0.06573314964771271,
-0.05063716322183609,
-0.017183823511004448,
0.041... |
(\nGage\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\tThe\tdata\tdemonstrated\tthat\tgenotype-guided\tdosing\tof\twarfarin\twas\tsuperior\nto\tstandard\tmanagement\tin\ttwo\tways:\t(1)\tefficacy,\tin\tincreasing\tthe\tamount\tof\tdrug\tin\tthe\ntherapeutic\trange\tover\tthe\tperiod\tof\tthe\ttrial\tand\t(2)\tsafety,\tfor\treducing\tadverse\n\te... | [
0.018860936164855957,
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0.07556619495153427,
-0.030605215579271317,
-0.08557680249214172,
0.003603170160204172,
0.05019532889127731,
-0.02041802369058132,
-0.020688656717538834,
0.08316264301538467,
0.10929317772388458,
-0.02289588563144207,
0.05387471243739128,
0.01195... |
events\tup\tto\t30\ndays\tfollowing\tthe\tend\tof\tthe\ttrial.\nAn\tinteresting\taspect\tof\tthis\ttrial\tpoints\tout\ta\tmajor\tlimitation\tof\tgenomics\tto\tdate:\tthe\tdatabase\nof\tgene\tvariants\thas\tbeen\tdeveloped\tprimarily\tfrom\tindividuals\tof\tEuropean\tdescent.\tGene\tpools\nvary\tamong\tdifferent\tancest... | [
0.041722334921360016,
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0.04206360876560211,
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0.036457233130931854,
0.05934895947575569,
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0.0055197421461343765,
0.07563722878694534,
0.09363482892513275,
-0.030696941539645195,
0.018912585452198982,
0.... |
on\tthe\tgene\tvariants\tappropriate\tto\teach\tpopulation.\n\tThe\tCOAG\ttrial\tdid\tnot\ttest\tfor\tthe\nCYP2C9*8\n\tvariant\tthat\tis\tan\timportant\tpredictor\tof\twarfarin\tdose\tin\tAfrican\tAmericans\t(\nNagai\tet\nal,\t2015\n).\tThese\tindividuals\tspent\tless\ttime\twithin\tthe\ttherapeutic\twindow\tand\tdid\t... | [
0.003170350566506386,
-0.04036350175738335,
0.04589581862092018,
-0.00681422371417284,
-0.09017229825258255,
0.01670469343662262,
0.0673181489109993,
-0.015832779929041862,
0.009092941880226135,
0.10427979379892349,
0.15265586972236633,
-0.06307689845561981,
-0.0013850894756615162,
0.03380... |
full\teffect\tof\tthe\tdrug.\tBecause\tthe\tstudy\tpopulation\twas\t91%\twhite,\tthe\toverall\teffectiveness\tof\nthe\tdrug\tfor\tthe\tgenotyped\tarm\twas\tnot\taffected.\tHowever,\tgenotyping\n\tfor\twarfarin\twill\tlikely\tnot\nbe\trecommended\tfor\tAfrican\tAmericans\tuntil\tfurther\tresearch\tclarifies\tthe\tset\to... | [
0.020985985174775124,
-0.05877736955881119,
0.0761416032910347,
-0.01651107333600521,
-0.04522744193673134,
0.005913919769227505,
0.06232570484280586,
-0.05013955757021904,
0.010257871821522713,
0.07174752652645111,
0.09026613086462021,
-0.08843248337507248,
0.021092485636472702,
-0.013295... |
that\tbest\tprovides\tsafety\tand\tefficacy\tfor\tthis\tpopulation.\tThis\tlimitation\tin\tthe\tgene\tvariant\ndatabase\tis\twell\trecognized\tby\tresearchers\tand\ta\tglobal\teffort\tis\tunderway\tto\texpand\tthe\ndatabase.\tSee\t\nBox\t6.12\n\tfor\tadditional\tinformation.\tThis\tproject\tis\texpanding\tthe\tpopulati... | [
0.06518245488405228,
-0.0808674618601799,
0.06818924099206924,
-0.05649366229772568,
-0.09978121519088745,
0.003469380084425211,
0.06584338843822479,
-0.042337816208601,
0.005928955506533384,
0.07822078466415405,
0.1152319461107254,
-0.06301181763410568,
0.022199904546141624,
-0.0039451699... |
included\tand\thelping\tidentify\tcommon\tmutations\tassociated\twith\tspecific\tethnic\tgroups.\nAdditionally,\tvarious\tcountries\tare\testablishing\tdatabases\tthat\trepresent\ttheir\tspecific\npopulations.\nBOX\t6.12\nThe\t1000\tGenomes\tProject\nLike\tthe\tHuman\tGenome\tProject,\tthe\t1000\tGenomes\tProject\tis\t... | [
0.01269974559545517,
0.016623251140117645,
0.06037098914384842,
-0.05789205804467201,
-0.09303559362888336,
0.023491106927394867,
0.036494556814432144,
-0.015010599046945572,
-0.020398013293743134,
0.06107955053448677,
0.0961679220199585,
-0.05820946395397186,
0.02123820222914219,
-0.02521... |
goal\tof\tpersonalizing\ttherapy.\tAdvances\tin\tDNA\ttechnology\tand\tthe\tsubsequent\n\tcost-savings\nallowed\tresearchers\tto\texpand\tthe\tnumber\tof\tgenomes\tand\tpopulations\trepresented\tin\tthe\thuman\ngenome\tdatabase\tbeyond\tthe\toriginal\tEuro-centric\tdata\tset.\tThe\tgenomes\tof\t2504\tindividuals | [
0.034104324877262115,
-0.017129845917224884,
0.03656846284866333,
-0.04547065868973732,
-0.05575934052467346,
0.016329564154148102,
0.08646026998758316,
-0.002458804752677679,
-0.013468609191477299,
0.07326515018939972,
0.07819228619337082,
-0.08149485290050507,
0.018247758969664574,
-0.00... |
from\t26\tpopulations\trepresenting\t5\tcontinental\tregions\twere\tsequenced.\tThe\tpopulations\tinclude\na\tdiverse\tsampling\tof\tthe\thuman\tpopulation:\tAfrican,\tAmerican\t(north,\tcentral,\tand\tsouth\nAmerican,\tincluding\n\tNative\tAmerican),\tEast\tAsian,\tEuropean,\tand\tSouth\tAsian. | [
0.0001589593885000795,
-0.04660188779234886,
0.037573494017124176,
-0.02346218191087246,
-0.12457514554262161,
-0.021542251110076904,
0.044510796666145325,
-0.06425037980079651,
0.014272919856011868,
0.05901689454913139,
0.11284544318914413,
-0.08978758007287979,
-0.040387820452451706,
-0.... |
Native\tAmerican),\tEast\tAsian,\tEuropean,\tand\tSouth\tAsian.\nThe\tgoal\tof\tthe\tproject\twas\tto\tidentify\tgenetic\tvariations\tthat\toccurred\tin\t1%\tor\tgreater\tof\tthe\npopulations\tstudied.\tOver\t84.7\tmillion\tsingle\tnucleotide\tpolymorphisms\t(SNPs),\t3.6\tmillion\tshort | [
0.0014671783428639174,
-0.07180625200271606,
0.010282732546329498,
-0.06028028950095177,
-0.08202337473630905,
0.003941623028367758,
0.0363725945353508,
-0.025086652487516403,
-0.028713693842291832,
0.123343326151371,
0.158233180642128,
-0.10702677816152573,
-0.09068088978528976,
0.0167905... |
insertion/deletion\tstructural\tvariants,\tand\t60,000\tother\tstructural\tvariants\twere\tdetected\tin\tthese\nindividuals,\tmany\tclustered\tin\thaplotypes.\tThe\n\tresearchers\testimate\tthat\t>99%\tof\tthe\tSNPs | [
0.017577989026904106,
-0.07360167056322098,
-0.009766320697963238,
-0.05394453555345535,
-0.07382030785083771,
-0.012437664903700352,
0.04961841180920601,
-0.02474617399275303,
-0.03051946498453617,
0.09260544925928116,
0.11696412414312363,
-0.04694473370909691,
0.03625066578388214,
0.0270... |
projected\tto\tbe\tin\tthe\thuman\tgenome\tat\t1%\tor\tgreater\tin\tfrequency\thave\tbeen\tidentified.\tThis\nproject\tis\ta\tmajor\tstep\tforward\tfor\tpersonalized\thealth\tcare.\tFuture\tresearch\twill\tlikely\tfocus\ton\ndetecting\tstrong\tassociations\tbetween\tspecific\tgenetic\tregions\tand\tparticular\tdiseases... | [
0.023599131032824516,
-0.04486619308590889,
0.057268738746643066,
-0.04659653455018997,
-0.09946419298648834,
0.009744910523295403,
0.03202468156814575,
-0.0018025394529104233,
0.03459225967526436,
0.06770050525665283,
0.08792255073785782,
-0.05647522583603859,
0.028922878205776215,
0.0318... |
on\tdeveloping\teffective\ttherapeutic\tapproaches.\tBioinformatics\thas\n\tplayed\ta\tsignificant\trole\tin\nanalyzing\tthe\textremely\tlarge\tdata\tsets\tthat\twere\tgenerated\tand\twill\tcontinue\tto\tbe\tessential\tfor\nsubsequent\tresearch.\tThe\tsteady\tprogress\tin\tknowledge,\ttechnology,\tand\ttrained\tmanpowe... | [
0.008005546405911446,
-0.09182614833116531,
0.034799687564373016,
-0.05180399864912033,
-0.08083498477935791,
-0.01768418960273266,
0.1119476854801178,
0.011089576408267021,
0.010758509859442711,
0.0575651116669178,
0.05514020845293999,
0.00368498545140028,
0.02834981493651867,
0.021073726... |
focusing\ton\tgenetic\tvariation\tis\trevolutionizing\tthe\tway\tclinicians\tthink\tabout\tthe\tclinical\taspects\nof\tmedicine,\tpharmacology,\tand\tnutrition.\tGiven\tthe\tmagnitude\tof\tvariation\tamong\tindividuals,\nclinical\tapproaches\twill\tincreasingly\taccommodate\tthe\tshift\tfrom\tone-size-fits-all\tto\tper... | [
0.04313176870346069,
-0.09467728435993195,
0.04910001903772354,
-0.056269001215696335,
-0.11265990883111954,
-0.015449808910489082,
0.0700785294175148,
0.03798094764351845,
-0.018983539193868637,
0.025676613673567772,
0.0829659104347229,
-0.024033116176724434,
0.03624379634857178,
0.015909... |
approaches\t(\n1000\tGenomes\tProject\tConsortium,\t2015\n).\nThe\tbasic\tunit\tof\theredity\tis\tthe\t\ngene\n,\twhich\tis\tmade\tup\tof\t\nDNA\t(deoxyribonucleic\tacid)\n.\tThe\nnucleotide\tsequence\tof\ta\tgene\tencodes\tthe\tinstructions\tfor\tmaking\ta\tprotein\tor\ta\tpeptide\tcomponent\nof\ta\tprotein.\tChanges\... | [
-0.05967232957482338,
-0.015980077907443047,
-0.002153305569663644,
-0.08561480790376663,
-0.07928971946239471,
-0.015619962476193905,
-0.008701419457793236,
0.012903804890811443,
0.013354144059121609,
0.09093324095010757,
0.14070090651512146,
-0.04250330105423927,
0.0006434372626245022,
0... |
of\tthe\tDNA\tare\ttranslated\tinto\tthe\tamino\tacid\nsequence\tof\tthe\tprotein\tand\tcan\tpotentially\tchange\tthe\tability\tof\tthat\tprotein\tto\tperform\tits\trole.\nThese\tchanges\tare\tpassed\tfrom\tparent\tto\tchild\tand\tare\tthe\tbasis\tfor\tinheritance\tof\ttraits.\tIn\thigher\norganisms\tthe\tDNA\tis\thous... | [
0.021214140579104424,
-0.06070805713534355,
0.04501129686832428,
-0.03849513456225395,
-0.0870765894651413,
-0.012385929934680462,
0.09140124917030334,
-0.013942752964794636,
0.037491027265787125,
0.07977213710546494,
0.06613819301128387,
0.004996105097234249,
0.03646264970302582,
0.053495... |
Fig.\t6.1\n).\tThe\tDNA\tmolecule\tis\ta\tdouble\nhelix\tconsisting\tof\ttwo\tstrands\tof\t\nnucleotide\n\tsubunits\n\theld\ttogether\tby\thydrogen\tbonds.\tEach\nnucleotide\tcontains\tthe\tsugar\tdeoxyribose,\tthe\tmineral\tphosphorus,\tand\tone\tof\tfour\tnitrogen-\ncontaining\tbases:\tadenine\t(A),\tthymine\t(T),\tg... | [
-0.05739108473062515,
-0.10332890599966049,
-0.027501728385686874,
-0.09150423109531403,
-0.10343660414218903,
0.03698647767305374,
0.010579269379377365,
0.03122931905090809,
-0.03321355953812599,
0.10493815690279007,
0.11150442808866501,
0.0033395332284271717,
-0.027170633897185326,
0.057... |
another,\tbut\tacross\tstrands\tof\tthe\thelix,\tthese\tbases\tpair\tspecifically:\tA\tpairs\twith\tT,\tG\tpairs\twith\tC\n(\nFig.\t6.2\n).\tThe\tnucleotides\tare\tarranged\tin\ta\tlinear\torder,\n\tand\tthis\torder\tdetermines\tthe\tparticular\ninformation\tencoded\tin\ta\tstretch\tof\tDNA\tthat\tresults\tin\tthe\tsyn... | [
-0.05365258455276489,
-0.05723176896572113,
0.024360762909054756,
-0.09726521372795105,
-0.10675327479839325,
-0.004088660702109337,
0.022534210234880447,
0.01794438622891903,
0.0006297141080722213,
0.11321931332349777,
0.10513125360012054,
-0.029803775250911713,
-0.01966891437768936,
0.04... |
sequence\tof\tDNA\tis\tunique\tto\tthe\tindividual\tand\tis\tcalled\tits\t\ngenotype\n.\nFIG.\t6.1\nDNA,\tthe\t\nMolecule\tof\tLife.\n\t\nCells\tare\tthe\tfundamental\tworking\tunits\tof\tevery\tliving\tsystem.\tAll\tthe\ninstructions\tneeded\tto\tdirect\ttheir\tactivities\tare\tcontained\twithin\tthe\tchemical\tdeoxyr... | [
-0.02735966071486473,
-0.050956517457962036,
0.04666142910718918,
-0.06203847751021385,
-0.08552731573581696,
0.002330905757844448,
-0.003044998971745372,
-0.031138034537434578,
-0.008997461758553982,
0.08212890475988388,
0.12980471551418304,
-0.03602350875735283,
-0.04750613868236542,
0.0... |
acid.\n\tSource:\t\n(From\tU.S.\tDepartment\tof\tEnergy,\tHuman\tGenome\tProgram:\t\nwww.ornl.gov/hgmis\n.) | [
-0.020958535373210907,
-0.04459218308329582,
-0.015256460756063461,
-0.04307769984006882,
0.033092424273490906,
0.08351603895425797,
0.111213818192482,
0.14042700827121735,
-0.021679269149899483,
0.015263802371919155,
0.07418550550937653,
-0.01742423325777054,
-0.014827366918325424,
0.0398... |
FIG.\t6.2\nDNA\t\nReplication\tPrior\tto\tCell\tDivision.\n\t\nEach\ttime\ta\tcell\tdivides\tinto\ttwo\tdaughter\tcells,\tits\tfull\ngenome\tis\tduplicated;\tfor\thumans\tand\tother\tcomplex\torganisms,\tthis\tduplication\toccurs\tin\tthe\tnucleus.\tDuring\ncell\tdivision\tthe\tdeoxyribonucleic\tacid\t(DNA)\tmolecule\t... | [
-0.0697941705584526,
-0.020279577001929283,
0.0339159294962883,
-0.05876000225543976,
-0.08225662261247635,
-0.013772455044090748,
-0.032249435782432556,
-0.019003020599484444,
0.011886829510331154,
0.09640753269195557,
0.152958482503891,
-0.02870255336165428,
-0.02348005771636963,
0.01562... |
break,\tallowing\tthe\tstrands\tto\tseparate.\tEach\tstrand\tdirects\tthe\tsynthesis\n\tof\ta\tcomplementary\tnew\tstrand,\nwith\tfree\tnucleotides\tmatching\tup\twith\ttheir\tcomplementary\tbases\ton\teach\tof\tthe\tseparated\tstrands.\tStrict\nbase-pairing\trules\tare\tadhered\tto\t(i.e.,\tadenine\tpairs\tonly\twith\... | [
-0.028623273596167564,
-0.0771685391664505,
0.039031557738780975,
-0.06513378024101257,
-0.09963803738355637,
0.0065347240306437016,
0.03247912973165512,
0.01293016318231821,
-0.027171267196536064,
0.09885778278112411,
0.09919817745685577,
-0.005267650354653597,
-0.0009459291468374431,
0.0... |
[a\tC-G\tpair]).\tEach\tdaughter\tcell\treceives\tone\told\tand\tone\tnew\tDNA\tstrand.\tThe\tcells’\tadherence\tto\tthese\nbase-pairing\trules\tensures\tthat\tthe\tnew\n\tstrand\tis\tan\texact\tcopy\tof\tthe\told\tone.\tThis\tminimizes\tthe\tincidence\tof\nerrors\t(mutations)\tthat\tmay\tgreatly\taffect\tthe\tresultin... | [
-0.019842348992824554,
-0.0051398626528680325,
0.032829489558935165,
-0.05003196373581886,
-0.11996026337146759,
0.01529506966471672,
0.06164136901497841,
-0.04034288600087166,
0.0005461304681375623,
0.08820551633834839,
0.11746574938297272,
0.0011139470152556896,
0.04774550348520279,
0.00... |
Source:\t\n(From\tU.S.\tDepartment\tof\nEnergy,\tHuman\tGenome\tProgram:\t\nwww.ornl.gov/hgmis\n.)\nTo\tbe\tuseful\tto\tthe\tcells,\tinformation\tin\tthe\tDNA\tfirst\tmust\tbe\tdecoded\tand\ttranslated\tinto\nproteins,\twhich\tperform\tthe\twork\tof\tthe\torganism’s\t“operating\n\tsystem.”\tA\tsequence\tof\tDNA | [
-0.0634024441242218,
0.03596634417772293,
0.008435370400547981,
-0.04780745506286621,
-0.04242851585149765,
-0.0048060109838843346,
0.013489960692822933,
-0.004925158806145191,
0.014828854240477085,
0.052729155868291855,
0.08932018280029297,
0.013768915086984634,
0.03501822426915169,
-0.04... |
system.”\tA\tsequence\tof\tDNA\nnucleotides\tthat\tencodes\tthe\tinformation\tfor\tsynthesizing\ta\tprotein\tis\tcalled\ta\tgene.\tHuman\tDNA\ncontains\tapproximately\t20,000\tgenes.\tEach\tgene\thas\ta\tlocation\tor\t“address”\tat\ta\tspecific\tsite\ton\ta\nparticular\tchromosome.\tLong\tstretches\tof\tnucleotides\tof... | [
-0.03396866098046303,
-0.06317085772752762,
-0.028641346842050552,
-0.08388391137123108,
-0.1174294576048851,
-0.0248615350574255,
0.0021259330678731203,
0.03260715305805206,
0.01236305758357048,
0.10999754816293716,
0.10978086292743683,
-0.01159517653286457,
-0.0003171036660205573,
0.0352... |
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