0 stringlengths 12 494 | embeddings listlengths 384 384 |
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European\tUnion’s\tHorizon\t2020\tresearch\tand\tinnovation\tprogram\tis\tdeveloping\tanother\tasset,\nthe\tELSI\tKnowledge\tDesk\twhich\tis\talso\tavailable\n\ton\ttheir\twebsite.\tDatabases\tare\talso\tavailable\nthat\tcan\tbe\thelpful\tto\tresearchers\tand\tconsumers,\tsuch\tas\tthe\tELSI\tHelpdesk\tand\tELSI | [
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Knowledge\tDatabase\tonline\tfunded\tby\tthe\tEuropean\tUnion’s\tHorizon\t2020\tresearch\tand\ninnovation\tprogram.\nWorking\twith\tnutrigenetic\ttest\treports\trequires\tfamiliarity\twith\tthe\tnomenclature\tused.\tVariants\nare\tnamed\tby\tthe\tgene\tthey\trepresent,\ttypically\tas\tthree\tto\n\tfive\tletters\tand\tw... | [
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five\tletters\tand\twritten\tin\titalics.\tFor\tthe\nvast\tnumber\tof\tgenes,\thuman\tbeings\thave\ttwo\tcopies.\tTherefore\twhen\tdescribing\tthe\tgene\tand\nnucleotides\tpresent\t(whether\twild-type/usual\tor\tvariant/mutant)\tcertain\tconventions\tare\tused.\tIf\tthe\ntwo\tnucleotides\tare\twild-type,\tthe\tindividu... | [
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type\tand\tone\tvariant\tare\tpresent,\tthe\tindividual\tis\theterozygous,\n\talso\tcalled\ta\t“carrier.”\tIf\tboth\nnucleotides\tare\tthe\tvariant\tnucleotide,\tthe\tindividual\tis\thomozygous\tvariant.\tWild-type\tand\tvariant\nstates\tmay\tbe\treferred\tto\tas\tthe\twild-type\tallele\tand\tthe\tvariant\tor\trisk\tal... | [
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the\tfact\tthat\teither\tthe\twild-type\tsequence\tis\tpresent\tor\tthe\tvariant\tsequence\tis\tpresent\tor,\tin\tthe\ncase\tof\ta\tcarrier,\tone\tof\teach\tis\tpresent.\nThe\t\nMTHFR\n\tgene\n\tis\ta\tnow\tclassic\texample\tof\ta\tnutrigenetic\tbiomarker.\tA\tvariant\tof\tthis\tgene,\nMTHFR\n\tC677T\t(also\twritten\ta... | [
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replaced\tby\ta\tT\t(thymidine)\tnucleotide\tat\tposition\t677\tin\tthe\t\nMTHFR\n\tgene\tsequence.\tIndividuals\nhomozygous\twild-type\thave\ta\tC\tat\tthis\tposition\tin\tboth\tcopies\tof\tthis\tgene.\tHeterozygotes\thave\t1\tC\nand\t1\tT\tand\tthose\thomozygous\tfor\n\tthe\tvariant\thave\ta\tT\tat\tthis\tposition\ti... | [
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Additionally,\teach\tvariant\tis\tassigned\tan\t“\nrs\tnumber\n”\t(reference\tSNP\tcluster\tID).\tThe\tabove\nMTHFR\n\tvariant\tis\trs1801133.\tA\tdifferent\tvariant\twithin\tthis\tsame\tgene\tis\tthe\t\nMTHFR\n\tA1298C\tand\tis\nlabeled\trs1801131).\tThe\trs\tnumber\tis\tcritical\tbecause\tit\tdenotes\ta\tspecific\tlo... | [
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0.0158369... |
and\tdifferent\tmutations\toften\tcreate\tdifferent\n\tfunctional\toutcomes.\tThe\tlack\tof\trs\tnumbers\tin\tthe\nearlier\tgenomic\tliterature\thas\toften\tmade\tit\tdifficult\tto\tdiscern\twhich\tmutation\tis\tbeing\tanalyzed\tfor\nits\tgene-environment\tinteractions.\tBoth\tresearchers\tand\tcommercial\tcompanies\tt... | [
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0.0... |
the\trs\tnumber\talong\twith\tthe\tvariant’s\tgene\tand\tmutation.\tSNPs,\tsuch\tas\t\nMTHFR,\n\tare\tthe\tmost\ncommon\ttype\tof\tmutation\tencountered\tin\tnutrigenetic\ttesting\n\tbut\tbe\taware\tthat\tother\ttypes\tof\nmutations\tare\tpossible,\tsuch\tas\tdeletions,\tinsertions,\tand\tcopy\tnumber\tvariants\tand\tt... | [
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variant\thas\tan\trs\tnumber.\nThe\tnext\tstep\tis\tto\ttake\tthe\tvariants\tidentified\tand\tmake\tpredictions\tas\tto\twhich\tvariants\tincrease\none’s\tsusceptibility\tto\tparticular\tdiseases\tand\tthen\tto\tselect\tappropriate\thealth-promoting\ninterventions\tfor\tthese\tsusceptibilities.\tMany\tgenomics\n\tresea... | [
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researchers\tand\thealth\tcare\tprofessionals\nquestion\tthe\treliability\tof\tthe\ttesting\tand\tits\tpresent\tclinical\tutility.\tThe\tweakness\twould\tseem\tnot\tto\nbe\tthe\ttechnology\titself,\twhich\thas\tbeen\tin\tplace\tfor\tdecades\tand\tis\ta\tmainstay\tin\tresearch\nlaboratories\tand,\tmore\trecently,\tin\tc... | [
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particular\tvariant\tand\tthe\tstrength\tof\tits\tassociation\twith\tpromoting\n\tdisease\tand\tin\tthe\tefficacy\tof\nthe\trecommended\ttherapeutic\tintervention.\tBe\taware\tthat\tthe\tresearch\tinto\twhich\tvariants\tare\nstrongly\tassociated\twith\twhich\tdiseases\tis\tearly-stage.\tMany,\tmany\tvariants\thave\tbee... | [
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few\texhibit\tboth\ta\tstrong\tassociation\tand\tprevalence\twithin\tmultiple\tpopulations.\tIn\tmost\tcases,\nmultiple\tgenes\tvariants,\tnot\ta\tsingle\tSNP,\tas\twell\tas\tspecific\tenvironmental\n\texposures\tare\tneeded\tfor\na\tdisease\tto\tdevelop.\tThe\tnutrition\tprofessional\twill\tneed\tto\tbe\table\tto\ttra... | [
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-0.0141637... |
the\tvariants\tin\tthe\tnutrigenetic\ttest\treport\tand\tthe\tpotential\tdisease\tsusceptibilities\tand\tlink\tthem\tto\na\ttherapeutic\tplan\tthat\tcan\treasonably\tbe\texpected\tto\timprove\tthe\tclient’s\thealth.\tThe\treport\naccompanying\tthe\ttest\tresults\tshould\tbe\thelpful\tin\tthis\tregard,\tcoupled\n\twith\... | [
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0.026... |
with\tthe\tnutrition\nprofessional’s\tknowledge\tof\tappropriate\tnutritional\tapproaches\tand\tof\tthe\tlifestyle\tchanges\tthat\twill\nbe\tneeded\tfor\thealth\trestoration\tand\tsustained\thealth\tpromotion.\nInflammation\nChronic\tinflammation\tis\tan\tunderlying\tmechanism\tfor\tvirtually\tall\tchronic\tdiseases.\t... | [
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interventions\tare\ttypically\tantiinflammatory\tin\tnature\tacross\tthe\tboard\tfor\teach\tof\tthe\tprimary\nlifestyle\trecommendations:\tnutrition,\tphysical\tactivity,\tmanaging\tthoughts\tand\temotions,\tdeveloping\nsupportive\trelationships,\tobtaining\tsufficient\tquantity\tand\tquality\tof\tsleep,\tand\tminimizi... | [
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0.0622176... |
exposure.\tInterventions\tfocus\ton\tpreventing\tinflammation\tand\ton\tantiinflammatory\tapproaches\tto\nexisting\tinflammation.\tSee\t\nChapter\t7\n\tfor\ta\tcomprehensive\tdiscussion\tof\tinflammation,\tbiomarkers,\nand\tantiinflammatory\n\ttherapy.\nCommonly\tused\tgene\tvariants\tconsidered\tto\tincrease\tsuscepti... | [
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0.053932... |
those\tassociated\twith\tinflammatory\tbiomarkers:\tC-reactive\tprotein\t(\nCRP\n),\tinterleukin-1beta\t(\nIL1ß\n),\ninterleukin-6\t(\nIL6\n),\tand\ttumor\tnecrosis\tfactor\talpha\t(\nTNF\n).\t\nCRP\n\tis\tproduced\tby\tthe\tliver\tin\tresponse\nto\tinflammation.\tInterleukin-1\tand\tinterleukin-6\tproteins\tare\tcytok... | [
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0.065534971... |
the\ninflammatory\tprocess.\tThese\tproteins\tfunction\tas\tcell\tsignaling\tmolecules\tthat\tactivate\tthe\timmune\nsystem,\twhich\tinvolves\tinflammatory\tprocesses.\tInflammation\tis\ttypically\tself-limiting\tand\tabates\nwhen\tthe\tinfection\tor\tinjury\tis\tunder\tcontrol.\tIn\tthe\tcase\tof\tchronic\tdisease,\th... | [
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0.0724058... |
inflammatory\tresponse\tis\tessentially\tstuck\tin\tthe\t“on”\tposition.\nBiotransformation\t(detoxification)\nA\tparallel\tbetween\tpharmacogenomics\tand\tnutritional\tgenomics\tcan\tbe\tseen\twith\tthe\tphase\tI\tand\nphase\tII\tbiotransformation/detoxification\tpathways\tthat\tare\tactive\tin\tthe\tdigestive\ttract\... | [
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0.041... |
a\ttwo-phase\tprocess,\tthis\tmetabolic\tsystem\tconverts\tdrugs\tand\tother\tpotentially\ttoxic\tmolecules\tinto\nchemical\tforms\tthat\tcan\tbe\texcreted.\tPhase\tI\tactivates\tthe\ttoxic\tmolecule\tto\tform\ta\treactive\toxygen\nspecies\t(free\tradical)\tthrough\tthe\tactivity\tof\tvarious\tcytochrome\tP450\tenzymes... | [
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0.068134... |
Subsequently,\tin\tPhase\tII\tglutathione-S-transferases\t(GSTs)\tand\tother\tenzymes\tadd\tchemical\tgroups\nto\tthe\tactivated\tmolecule\tto\trender\tit\tmore\tsoluble\tand\tless\ttoxic.\tKnowing\tthe\tgenomic\tstatus\tof\tthe\ngenes\tthat\tcode\tfor\tthese\tvarious\tenzymes\twould\tbe\thelpful\tfor\tpredicting\twhic... | [
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0.0367898158... |
approaches\twould\tbe\tbeneficial\n\tto\tsupport\tthe\tbiotransformation\tprocess\tand\twhen\tspecific\nmedications\tare\tused\t(see\t\nBox\t6.14\n).\nThe\tgene\tvariants\tcommonly\tfound\tin\tgenetic\ttest\tpanels\tthat\tinclude\tbiotransformation\tare\tfrom\nthe\tfamily\tof\t\nCYP\n\tgenes,\tthe\t\nGST\n\tgenes,\tand... | [
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SOD)\n\tgenes.\tOne\tor\tmore\tof\nthe\t\nCYP\n\tgenes\ttypically\tinclude:\t\nCYP2D6,\tCYP2C19,\tCYP3A4,\tCYP1A2,\tCYP29,\tCYP2B6,\n\tand\nCYP2E1.\n\tThere\tare\tthree\n\tcommon\t\nGST\n\tvariants:\tGSTM,\tGSTP1,\tand\tGSTT1.\tThe\tSOD\tgenes\nrepresented\tare\t\nSOD1\n\t(copper-zinc\tSOD)\tand\t\nSOD2\n\t(manganese-d... | [
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0.02574196... |
(copper-zinc\tSOD)\tand\t\nSOD2\n\t(manganese-dependent\tSOD)\tthat\tprotect\nagainst\tfree\tradicals\tgenerated\tduring\tbiotransformation.\tGene\tvariants\tin\tany\tof\tthe\tproteins\ninvolved\tin\tbiotransformation\tcan\tpotentially\talter\tthe\teffectiveness\tof\tthe\tprocess.\nCancer\n“Omic”\tclinical\tresearch\ta... | [
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Cancer\n“Omic”\tclinical\tresearch\tand\tapplications\tare\tcurrently\tthe\n\tmost\tadvanced\tfor\tcancer\tcompared\twith\nother\tchronic\tdiseases.\tThe\tinfluence\tof\tepigenetic\tmarks\ton\tgene\texpression\tis\tdirectly\tassociated\nwith\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\tcancer\tand\tits\tcharacteristic\tunregulated\tgrowth.\... | [
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0.10679515451192856,
0.0031753359362483025,
0.05645599961280823,
0.039460137486457825,
0.09110710024833679,
-0.02273205853998661,
0.026053007692098618,
-0.0... |
oncogenes\t(tumor-promoting\tgenes)\tand\ttumor\tsuppressor\tgenes\tmust\tbe\tcarefully\torchestrated\tto\nmaintain\tnormal\tgrowth\tand\tdevelopment.\tOncogenes\tare\ttypically\tsilenced\n\tepigenetically\tand\ntumor\tsuppressor\tgenes\tare\tactivated.\tIf\teither\tof\tthese\tsystems\tmalfunction,\tthe\trisk\tfor\tcan... | [
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0.10335047543048859,
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0.00... |
could\tbe\tincreased.\tAn\texample\twould\tbe\ta\tmethyl\tgroup\tattaching\tto\ta\ttumor\tsuppressor\tgene\tby\nmistake\tand\tturning\toff\tits\texpression.\tOr,\tif\tsomeone\tlacked\tsufficient\tfolate\tin\tthe\tdiet,\tan\noncogene\tmay\tnot\tbe\tsufficiently\tturned\toff.\nAlthough\ttotal\tpersonalization\tof\tcancer... | [
0.010488618165254593,
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0.06091849133372307,
0.00024992137332446873,
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0.06320273131132126,
0.10064131021499634,
-0.03846084699034691,
0.06540650874376297,
0.06035... |
or\tany\tother\tmedical\ttherapy,\tfor\tan\tindividual\tis\nin\tthe\tforefront\tof\tdiscovery,\ta\tnumber\tof\tearly\tsteps\tusing\t“omic”\ttechnologies\thave\talready\tbeen\nsuccessful\tin\thelping\ttailor\ttherapy\tand\tfor\tearly\tdetection\tof\ttreatment\tfailure.\tCytotoxic\nchemotherapy\thas\tbeen\tthe\tprevailin... | [
0.009812433272600174,
-0.05418216809630394,
0.07292643189430237,
-0.020236872136592865,
-0.07011935859918594,
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0.0794568732380867,
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0.004623396322131157,
0.06296849250793457,
0.09123949706554413,
0.0043744249269366264,
0.043756239116191864,
0.0416... |
this\tapproach\tis\trelatively\tnonspecific\tin\tthat\tit\n\ttargets\tboth\tcancerous\tand\tnoncancerous\tcells.\tOne\nof\tthe\tgoals\tof\tprecision\thealth\tis\tto\tharness\tthe\t“omic”\tdisciplines\tinto\tpersonalized\ttherapy\nappropriate\tfor\tindividuals\tand\ttheir\tparticular\ttype\tof\tcancer.\tThis\tapproach\t... | [
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0.04507473111152649,
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0.12359141558408737,
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0.07472763955593109,
0.10066395252943039,
-0.03825526311993599,
0.053708650171756744,
0.012... |
the\tmolecular\tlandscape\tin\twhich\tthe\tcancer\texists\t(i.e.,\tthe\tperson’s\tgenomic\tand\tepigenomic\nmakeup\tand\tthe\tmolecular\tcharacteristics\tof\tthe\tcancer\titself).\n\tMolecular\tdefects\tin\tthe\tindividual’s\ngenome\tand\tepigenome,\tand\tin\tthe\tcancer\titself,\tcan\tprovide\tvaluable\tinformation\ta... | [
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0.08650544285774231,
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0.04297186806797981,
0.10185091197490692,
-0.08173131197690964,
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0.0... |
therapeutic\ttargets.\tSee\t\nLuoh\tand\tFlaherty\t(2018)\n\tfor\tan\toverview\tof\tthe\ttypes\tof\tcancers\tbeing\nstudied\tand\ttreated\tusing\tthis\tapproach.\nGene\tvariants\tand\tcancer\nWell-known\texamples\tof\tapplying\tgenomics\tto\tcancer\tinclude\tdetection\tof\tBRCA1\tand\tBRCA2\tgenes\nin\n\tdiagnosing\tbr... | [
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0.012251541949808598,
-0.01849227398633957,
-0.02472815103828907,
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0.1116035208106041,
0.027488864958286285,
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0.02306796796619892,
0.05733798071742058,
-0.009617501869797707,
0.024372337386012077,
0.04... |
nonpolyposis\tcolorectal\tcancer\t(HNPCC).\tGenetic\ttesting\tis\talso\tavailable\tfor\tdetecting\tsusceptibility\nto\tthese\ttypes\tof\tcancer.\tGenomic\ttesting\tis\talso\tbeing\tused\tto\tdistinguish\tspecific\ttumor\ncharacteristics\tto\thelp\tdifferentiate\tone\tcancer\tfrom\tanother.\tGenetic\tdiagnostics\thelp\t... | [
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0.011838436126708984,
-0.03649066388607025,
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0.062352996319532394,
0.029775001108646393,
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0.06469651311635971,
0.09108103811740875,
-0.07061079144477844,
0.016422249376773834,
0.05... |
which\ttherapeutic\tapproach\n\twill\tlikely\tbe\tsuccessful\tand,\tduring\ttherapy,\thelp\tdetect\tearly\ttreatment\nfailure.\tAs\toptions\tfor\tearly\tdetection\tand\tprevention\temerge,\ttailorerd\tdiet-and-lifestyle\toptions\twill\nbecome\tcommon\tin\ttreatment\tof\tcancer.\nEpigenetics\tand\tcancer | [
-0.011051689274609089,
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0.04581490159034729,
0.08098437637090683,
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0.017169464379549026,
0.0155... |
become\tcommon\tin\ttreatment\tof\tcancer.\nEpigenetics\tand\tcancer\nDietary\tnutrients\tand\tbioactive\tfood\tcomponents\tcan\taffect\tepigenetic\tprocesses\tin\tmultiple\tways,\nfrom\tproviding\tnutrients\tneeded\tto\tprotect\tagainst\tcancer\n\tto\tsuppressing\tgene\texpression\tof\tkey | [
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0.007002710364758968,
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0.035655416548252106,
-0.... |
to\tsuppressing\tgene\texpression\tof\tkey\ncomponents\tin\tthe\tsignal\tcascades\tthat\tlead\tto\tcancer\tpromotion\t(or\tthe\tenzymes\tneeded\tfor\tDNA\nmethylation\tor\thistone\tacetylation)\tto\tchanging\tthe\tavailability\tof\tsubstrates\tneeded\tfor\tthe\tvarious\nenzymatic\treactions\tinvolved.\tThe\tnutritional... | [
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0.058292925357818604,
0.09365686774253845,
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0.019689470529556274,
0.048727... |
conducted\tfocuses\ton\tdietary\tnutrients\tand\tbioactive\tfood\tcomponents\n\tthat\tchange\tgene\texpression\nthrough\tepigenetic\tmechanisms\t(\nAndreescu\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\nWith\ttraditional\tnutrients,\ta\tmain\tfocus\tis\ton\tone-carbon\tmetabolism,\twhich\tsupplies\tthe\tmethyl\ngroups\tfor\tDNA\tmethylation\ta... | [
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0.12067782878875732,
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0.022216279059648514,
0.002... |
processes\tsuch\tas\tDNA\trepair.\tThese\tnutrients\tinclude\tfolate\tand\tfolic\tacid,\triboflavin,\tpyridoxine,\nvitamin\tB\n12\n,\tcholine,\tand\n\tmethionine.\tOther\tcommon\tdietary\tcomponents\tbeing\tstudied\tfor\ttheir\ncancer-protective\tproperties\tinclude\tdietary\tfiber,\tvitamin\tC,\tvitamin\tE,\tand\tsele... | [
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0.04422907158732414,
0.09467779099941254,
0.07723782956600189,
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0.01592930778861046,
0.07337610423564911,
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0.044561125338077545,
0.04161... |
serving\tas\tligands\tfor\ttranscription\tfactors,\tpolyunsaturated\tfats\tare\tessential\tfor\tdownregulating | [
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0.04282725602388382,
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0.09... |
the\texpression\tof\tthose\ttranscription\tfactors\tinvolved\tin\tswitching\ton\tproinflammatory\tgenes.\nExamples\tinclude\ttranscription\tfactors\n\tused\tfor\thepatic\tmetabolism\tof\tcarbohydrates,\tlipids,\tand\tbile\nacids\t(\nJump\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nFor\tthe\tbioactive\tfood\tcomponents,\tidentification\tof\tbi... | [
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0.04828370362520218,
0.12033435702323914,
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0.0096... |
area\tof\tresearch\tbecause\ta\tsubstantial\tnumber\tof\thealth\tbenefits\thave\tbeen\treported\tfor\tthese\ncompounds.\tThe\tpolyphenol\tand\tglucosinolate\tcategories\tof\tphytonutrients\tare\tthe\tmost\tstudied\tfor\ncancer\ttreatment\n\tand\tprevention.\tEpigenetic\tchanges\tto\ttumor\tsuppressor\tgenes\tcan\tsilen... | [
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0.019379887729883194,
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0.05520320683717728,
0.006797784473747015,
0.008245439268648624,
0.07273117452859879,
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0.0258... |
genes\tand\tlead\tto\tincreased\trisk\tof\ttumor\tdevelopment.\nType\t2\tdiabetes\nType\t2\tdiabetes\tmellitus\t(T2DM)\tis\ta\tchronic\tdisorder\tthat\taccounts\tfor\tthe\tvast\tmajority\tof\nindividuals\twith\tdiabetes\t(see\t\nChapter\t29\n).\tT2DM\tis\tcomplex\tand\tresults\tfrom\tgene\tvariants\ninteracting\twith\t... | [
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0.0129... |
interacting\twith\tbioactive\tfood\tcomponents\tand\tother\tlifestyle\n\ttriggers\tthat\tresult\tin\tepigenetic\nmodifications\tto\tthe\tgenome.\tThe\thallmarks\tof\tthis\ttype\tof\tdiabetes\tare\tinsulin\tresistance\tand\tfailure\nof\tthe\tinsulin-producing\tbeta\tcells\tof\tthe\tpancreas.\tNumerous\tstudies\thave\tre... | [
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0.027285905554890633,
0.03... |
diet-and-lifestyle\tapproaches\tfor\tmanaging\tand\tpreventing\tT2DM.\tNutritional\tgenomics\twill\tadd\tto\nthe\tunderstanding\tof\tthis\tcomplex\tdisease\tby\tidentifying\tgene\n\tvariants\tthat\tsignificantly\tincrease\tthe\nrisk\tof\tdeveloping\tT2DM.\tAdditionally,\tnutritional\tgenomics\tresearch\twill\tidentify\... | [
0.0018437134567648172,
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0.0013390160165727139,
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0.022287515923380852,
0.09024841338396072,
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-0... |
interactions\tand\tmechanisms\tby\twhich\tthese\tinteractions\tepigenetically\tinfluence\tgene\texpression,\nwhich\twill\thelp\tin\tdeveloping\tnew\tand\teffective\tinterventions.\nGene\tvariants\tand\tT2DM\nA\tfew\trare\tmutations\thave\tbeen\tfound\tthat\tpredispose\tto\tT2DM,\tbut\n\tthey\tdo\tnot\texplain\tthe\thig... | [
0.01587807945907116,
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0... |
they\tdo\tnot\texplain\tthe\thigh\nprevalence\tof\tthe\tdisease.\tRather\tthan\tresulting\tfrom\ta\tsingle\tgene\tmutation,\tT2DM\tappears\tto\tbe\ndue\tto\tthe\tcontributions\tof\ta\tnumber\tof\tvariants\tinteracting\twith\tdiet-and-lifestyle\ttriggers.\tSome\tof\nthe\tvariants\tare\tin\tgenes\tthat\thave\tobvious\tco... | [
0.020337648689746857,
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0.059235770255327225,
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0.00... |
The\tfollowing\tvariants\tare\tamong\tthe\tmore\tpromising\tin\tterms\tof\tthe\tstrength\n\tof\ttheir\tassociation\nwith\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\ttype\t2\tdiabetes:\tTranscription\tfactor\t7-like\t2\t(\nTCF7L2\n),\tsolute\tcarrier\tfamily\n30\tmember\t8\t(\nSLC30A8\n),\tperoxisome\tproliferator\tactivated\treceptor\tgamm... | [
-0.03232010081410408,
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0.06966789066791534,
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0.012534422799944878,
0.06396567821502686,
0.10859329998493195,
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0.04455253854393959,
0.059083... |
PPARG\n),\tadiponectin\n(\nADIPOQ\n),\tfat\tmass\tand\tobesity\tprotein/alpha-ketoglutarate\tdependent\tdioxygenase\t(\nFTO\n),\tclock\ncircadian\tregulator\t(\nCLOCK\n),\tand\tmelanocortin\t4\treceptor\t(\nMC4R\n).\t\nSLC30A8\n\tis\ta\tzinc\ttransporter\nthat\tis\trequired\tfor\tinsulin\tsynthesis\tand\tsecretion.\tTh... | [
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0.06115883216261864,
0.05528765171766281,
0.06902444362640381,
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0.06362028419971466,
0.07796678692102432,
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0.068967... |
ADIPOQ,\tCLOCK,\tFTO,\n\tand\t\nMC4R\n\tvariants\nare\tassociated\twith\tobesity\tand\tincreased\trisk\tfor\tdeveloping\tT2DM.\t\nPPARG\n\tis\ta\ttranscription\tfactor\ninvolved\twith\tlipid\tmetabolism\tand\tadipocyte\tdifferentiation\tthat\tregulates\tthe\texpression\tof\tmultiple\ngenes.\tIt\thas\tbeen\timplicated\t... | [
-0.00035815348383039236,
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0.05922902002930641,
0.007326338905841112,
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0.11155574768781662,
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0.08560045808553696,
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0.02... |
into\nany\tof\tthese\tvariants,\tvisit\tthe\tGene\twebsite\tfrom\tthe\tNational\tCenter\tfor\tBiotechnology\tInformation\nor\tthe\tGenetics\tHome\tReference\twebsite\tfrom\tthe\tNational\tInstitutes\tof\tHealth.\nTCF7L2\n\tis\tinvolved\twith\tinsulin\tsecretion\tand\texhibits\tthe\tstrongest\tassociation\tby\tfar\twith... | [
0.03593796491622925,
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0.03418302163481712,
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0.06743012368679047,
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0.09701193124055862,
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0.025224599987268448,
0.041886... |
susceptibility\tto\tT2DM.\tThe\t\nTCF7L2\n\tgene\tencodes\ta\ttranscription\tfactor\tthat\tplays\ta\tkey\trole\tin\tthe\nWNT\tsignal\ttransduction\n\tpathway.\tFurther,\t\nTCF7L2\n\thas\tbeen\tdetected\tin\tmultiple\tpopulations.\tIn\nstudies\twith\tIndian\t(\nChandak\tet\tal,\t2007\n),\tChinese\tHan\t(\nDou\tet\tal,\t... | [
-0.030674468725919724,
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0.003418971551582217,
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0.05728795379400253,
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0.08710063248872757,
0.1411152333021164,
-0.033578142523765564,
0.07838474214076996,
0.06368690... |
),\tJapanese\t(\nHorikoshi\tet\tal,\n2007\n),\tMexican\tAmerican\t(\nLehman\tet\tal,\t2007\n),\tAfrican\t(\nYako\tet\tal,\t2016\n),\tand\twhite\tEuropean\n(\nGroves\tet\tal,\t2006\n)\tpopulations,\tthe\tvariant\toccurred\tfrequently\tand\tincreased\tthe\trisk\tof\tT2DM\tby\n30%\tto\t50%.\t\nTCF7L2\n\thas\talso\tbeen\n\... | [
-0.029597701504826546,
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0.14330635964870453,
-0.06304646283388138,
0.021039476618170738,
0.039... |
developing\tT2DM\t(\nKatsoulis\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\nEpigenetics\tand\tT2DM\nStudies\thave\tlong\tsuggested\tthat\tT2DM\tis\tstrongly\tassociated\twith\tdiet-and-lifestyle\tchoices,\tmost\nnotably\tfood\tchoices\t(especially\tdietary\tfat)\tand\texercise\thabits.\tT2DM\thas\tbeen\tassumed\tto\tbe\ngenetic\tin\torigin\tbu... | [
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0.01... |
TCF7L2,\n\tthe\tlarge\tnumber\tof\tgene\n\tvariants\tthat\thave\nbeen\tidentified\tappear\tto\tweakly\tcontribute\tto\tT2DM\tsusceptibility.\tThe\tanswers\tappear\tto\tbe\t(1)\nthere\tare\tmultiple\tgenes\tinvolved\tand\t(2)\tepigenetic\tmechanisms\tinvolving\tdiet-and-lifestyle\ttriggers\nare\timportant\tcontributors.... | [
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0.0357... |
bioactive\tfood\tcomponents\tis\tin\tprogress.\nA\tnutrient-sufficient\tantiinflammatory\tdiet\n\tin\twhich\tcarbohydrate\tand\tfat\tconsumption\tis\ncontrolled\tfor\tquantity\tand\tquality\tcontinues\tto\tbe\ta\tcornerstone\tof\tT2DM\tcare.\tIncreasingly,\ta\tfocus\nis\tbeing\tplaced\ton\tthe\tincorporation\tof\ta\tva... | [
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0.0205609... |
Nurses’\tHealth\tStudy\t(NHS)\tand\tits\tfollow-up\t(NHS\tII)\t(\nSun\tet\tal,\t2015\n),\tas\twell\tas\tthe\tHealth\nProfessionals\tFollow-Up\tStudy\t(\nWedick\tet\tal,\t2012\n),\tsuggest\n\tthat\tregular\tconsumption\tof\nphytonutrient-rich\tplant\tfoods\thelped\tlower\tthe\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\tT2DM. | [
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In\taddition\tto\tdiet\tand\texercise,\tother\tdaily\tlifestyle\tchoices\tinfluence\tthe\tphysiologic\timbalances\nthat\tlead\tto\tchronic\tinflammation\tand\tmust\tbe\tincorporated\tinto\tlifestyle\tchange\tprograms\tif\tthe\npositive\tchanges\tare\tto\tbe\tsustained\tlong\tterm.\tExamples\tinclude\tchronic\tpsycholog... | [
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0.0293... |
physiological\n\tstress\tand\texposure\tto\tchemicals\tand\ttoxins.\tHopefully,\thealth\tcare\twill\tmove\ttoward\napproaches\tfor\tT2DM\tand\tfor\tchronic\tdisease\tin\tgeneral\tthat\ttarget\tthe\tunderlying\tchronic\ninflammation\talong\twith\tcontemporary\tneuroscience-based\tbehavioral\tchange\tprograms\tthat\tenab... | [
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0.02828... |
those\tat\trisk\tto\taddress\ttheir\tbarriers\tto\tmaking\thealthy\tlifestyle\tchoices.\nFor\tmore\tin-depth\tinformation\tabout\tthe\tgenomic\n\tand\tepigenetic\taspects\tof\tT2DM,\tsee\trecent\nreviews\tby\t\nSilveira\tet\tal\t(2019)\n,\t\nXue\tet\tal\t(2018)\n,\tand\t\nOrtega\tet\tal\t(2017)\n.\nObesity\nObesity\tis... | [
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-0.0080139... |
2\n.\tIt\tis\timportant\tto\nassess\teach\tperson\tindividually,\tincluding\tweight\thistory,\twaist\tcircumference,\tand\tbody\tcomposition\nas\tpeople\twith\tlarger\tbody\tsizes\tcan\tbe\tmetabolically\thealthy\n\tin\tsome\tcases.\tDifferent\tcountries\tuse | [
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somewhat\tdifferent\tBMI\tscores\tto\tdefine\tobesity,\tbut\ta\tcommon\tglobal\tstandard\tis\tthat\tset\tby\tthe\nWorld\tHealth\tOrganization\t(WHO),\twhich\tclassifies\ta\tBMI\tof\t≥25\tkg/m\n2\n\tin\tadults\tas\noverweight/preobese,\ta\tBMI\t≥30\tkg/m\n2\n\tas\tobese,\tand\ta\tBMI\t≥40\tkg/m\n2\n\tas\textremely\tobes... | [
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0.02464... |
2\n\tas\tobese,\tand\ta\tBMI\t≥40\tkg/m\n2\n\tas\textremely\tobese.\tWHO\nhas\talso\tset\tBMI\tstandards\tfor\tchildren\tup\tto\t5\tyears\told\tand\t5\tto\t19\tyears\told.\tThe\tprevalence\n\tof\nobesity\tis\tsteadily\trising.\tIn\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tthe\t2015\tto\t2016\tNational\tHealth\tand\tNutrition\nExamination\... | [
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Hales\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nIn\taddition\tto\tbeing\ta\tstorage\torgan\tready\tto\tprovide\tfor\tfuture\tenergy\tneeds,\tadipose\ttissue\tis\tan\nactive\tmetabolic\ttissue\tthat\tis\timportant\tin\twhole\tbody\tenergy\tbalance.\tAdipose\ttissue\tsecretes\nadipokines,\n\twhich\tare\tcell\tsignaling\tproteins.\tAdipokine\t... | [
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proinflammatory\tadipokines,\tsuch\tas\tthe\tinterleukins\tand\ttumor\tnecrosis\talpha\tcytokines\tdiscussed\nin\tthe\ttype\t2\tdiabetes\tsection.\tWhen\tleptin\t(\nLEP\n)\tbinds\tto\tleptin\treceptors\t(\nLEPR\n)\tin\tthe\nhypothalamus,\tbinding\tsends\tthe\tsignal\tof\tsatiety,\tfollowed\tby\ta\treduction\tin\tthe\td... | [
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0.0281... |
stimulated\tthermogenesis.\n\tThe\tfoundational\twork\twas\tdone\tin\tmouse\tmodel\tsystems\tand\nsubsequently\tfound\tto\tbe\toperative\tin\thuman\tbeings\t(\nGhilardi\tet\tal,\t1996\n;\t\nDulloo\tet\tal,\t2002\n).\nAdiponectin\tis\ta\tprotein\thormone\tadipokine\tencoded\tby\tthe\t\nADIPOQ\n\tgene\tand\tproduced\tby | [
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0.039028... |
ADIPOQ\n\tgene\tand\tproduced\tby\nadipocytes.\tIt\tappears\tto\tbe\timportant\tfor\tmetabolic\tbalance,\tparticularly\tin\treference\tto\tthe\tinsulin\nresistance,\toxidative\tstress,\tand\tchronic\tinflammation\n\tcharacteristic\tof\tthe\tmetabolic\tsyndrome\n(\nAchari\tand\tJain,\t2017\n).\tIn\tparticular\tthe\tbala... | [
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0.0408... |
).\tIn\tparticular\tthe\tbalance\tbetween\tadiponectin\tand\tleptin\thas\tbeen\ncorrelated\twith\tthe\tobesity\tcomponent\tof\tmetabolic\tsyndrome.\tA\tdecrease\tin\tthe\tadiponectin/leptin\nratio\tincreases\tthe\trisk\tof\tobesity,\tinflammation,\tand\tdevelopment\tof\tthe\tmetabolic\tsyndrome\n(\nFrühbeck\tet\tal,\t2... | [
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0.1285349279642105,
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0.05732... |
).\nADIPOQ\n\tis\ta\tgene\tof\tinterest\tbecause\tof\tits\tassociation\n\twith\tobesity\tbut\talso\tpotentially\tfor\ttype\t2\ndiabetes\tand\tmetabolic\tsyndrome.\tOne\tof\tthe\tSNPs\tin\tthis\tgene\t(-11391G>A,\trs17300539)\tappears\nto\tlink\tincreased\tlevels\tof\tadiponectin\twith\tdecreased\trisk\tof\tobesity.\tIn... | [
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0.0109... |
one\tor\tmore\tcopies\tof\tthe\tvariant\tallele\t(A)\thad\televated\tadiponectin\tlevels\tand\tdecreased\tweight,\nwaist\tand\thip\tcircumference,\tand\tBMI\t(\nWarodomwichit\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\tThese\tresearchers\tfurther\ndetected\ta\tgene-diet\tinteraction\tbetween\tthe\tvariant\tallele\t(A)\tand\tmonounsaturated\tf... | [
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When\tMUFA\tintake\twas\tequal\tto\tor\tgreater\tthan\t13%\tof\ttotal\tenergy,\tthose\twith\tone\tor\tmore\tcopies\nof\tthe\tA\tallele\t(AA\tor\tAG\tgenotype)\thad\ta\tlower\tBMI\tcompared\twith\tindividuals\twith\tthe\tGG\ngenotype\t(2\tcopies\tof\tthe\tnon-variant\tG\tallele).\tNo\teffect\tof\tthe\tA\tallele\twas\tse... | [
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0.030214... |
for\twaist\ncircumference,\tinsulin\tresistance\tor\tfor\tsaturated\tfat\tor\tpolyunsaturated\tfats.\tOther\tresearchers\nhave\treported\tincreased\trisk\tof\tobesity\tin\tthe\tpresence\tof\tSNPs\tin\t\nADIPOQ\n\tin\tthe\tNorth\tIndian\nPunjabi\tpopulation\t(\nKaur\tet\tal.,\t2018\n)\tand\tin\tthe\tTunisian\tpopulation... | [
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0.03... |
Zayani\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\tThese\ninteresting\tfindings\twith\t\nADIPOQ\n\twill\tlikely\tcontinue\tto\tbe\tstudied\tin\tmultiple\tpopulations\tand\n\tunder\nvarying\tdietary\tconditions.\nAs\twith\tleptin,\tmuch\tof\tthe\tinitial\twork\twith\tadiponectin\thas\tbeen\tcarried\tout\tusing\tmouse\tmodel | [
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0.052693... |
systems,\twith\tresearch\tin\thuman\tbeings\tfollowing\tmore\trecently.\tGiven\tthe\tapparent\timportance\tof\nthese\tgenes\tin\tenergy\tmetabolism,\tthe\tlack\tof\tconsistency\tis\tlikely\tdue\tto\ta\tlarge\tvolume\tof\tresearch\nbut\tvery\tfew\tpolymorphisms\tare\tlinked\tto\tincreased\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\n\tobesit... | [
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0.01763... |
obesity\tacross\tmultiple\npopulations.\tAdditionally,\tthe\tcomplexity\tof\tobesity\tand\tthe\tmultitude\tof\tmolecules\tinvolved\thas\nmade\tit\tchallenging\tto\tuntangle\tthe\tmultiple\tinteractions\tthat\tincrease\tor\tdecrease\trisk\tof\ndeveloping\tobesity\t(\nJagannadham\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tA\trecent\treview\tby... | [
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0.0280... |
).\tA\trecent\treview\tby\t\nUnamuno\tet\tal\t(2018)\n\tprovides\ninsight\tinto\tthe\tcomplexity\tof\tdysfunctional\tadipose\ttissue\tand\tthe\tensuing\tdysregulation\n\tof\nadipokine\tsecretion,\twhich\tleads\tto\tchronic\tinflammation\tand\tincreased\trisk\tof\tchronic\tdisorders\nsuch\tas\tinsulin\tresistance,\ttype... | [
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0.0425320... |
The\tfocus\tof\tthe\tvarious\tresearch\tstudies\tis\thighly\tvaried,\tfrom\tidentifying\tgenes\tthat\tincrease\trisk\nof\tobesity,\tto\tidentifying\tthe\tenvironmental\tcues\tthat\ttrigger\tovereating\tand\tepigenetic\tchanges\n\tin\nthe\tbrain,\tadipose\ttissue,\tand\tliver;\tfrom\tfactoring\tin\tthe\tcomposition\tof\... | [
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0.0165168195... |
increased\ttoxin\tload\tand\tabundance\tof\thigh-calorie\tprocessed\tfoods,\tto\tunderstanding\tthe\tcomplex\nbehavioral\taspects\tof\twhy\twe\tmake\tthe\tfood\tchoices\twe\tdo.\tThe\tepigenetic\tmechanisms\tthat\tlink\nobesity\tto\tincreased\trisk\tof\tT2DM\tand\tcardiovascular\tdisease\tadd\tyet\tmore\tcomplexity.\tC... | [
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0.06608353555202484,
-0.027052974328398705,
0.021382156759500504,
-0.0158... |
and\thow\n\thumans\tbecome\tobese\tis\tmultifaceted\tand\tmultiple\tdisciplines\twill\tbe\tinvolved\tin\tdefining\nthe\tmechanisms\tand\tfinding\teffective\tsolutions.\tThe\taddition\tof\tcontemporary\tneuroscience\tand\nbehavioral\tresearch\tto\tthe\tsearch\tfor\tanswers\tas\tto\twhy\tand\thow\twe\tbecome\tobese\tis\t... | [
0.018551653251051903,
-0.03288526087999344,
0.06891269981861115,
-0.04943527653813362,
-0.06881090998649597,
-0.00534978648647666,
0.06621730327606201,
-0.06165658310055733,
0.031301144510507584,
0.0916934609413147,
0.06159967929124832,
-0.030051270499825478,
0.031342364847660065,
0.042914... |
insight\tinto\tthis\tchallenging\tdilemma\t(see\t\nChapter\t20\n).\nThe\tsections\tthat\tfollow\thighlight\tgenes\tand\tgene\tvariants\n\tthat\tare\tamong\tthose\twith\ta\tstronger\nassociation\twith\tobesity\tthan\tmost\tvariants,\talong\twith\ta\tdiscussion\tof\tthe\trole\tof\tepigenetics\tin\nobesity.\tThe\tfact\tth... | [
-0.006281580775976181,
-0.04745795950293541,
0.0713007003068924,
0.021503303200006485,
-0.05863164737820625,
-0.01787411980330944,
0.08746432512998581,
0.006429588887840509,
0.055846597999334335,
0.05701310560107231,
0.044935524463653564,
0.010351152159273624,
0.03570282459259033,
-0.00936... |
obesity\treminds\tus\tof\tthe\tdifficulties\tof\tidentifying\teven\tthe\tprimary\tfactors\twithin\ttoday’s\nobesogenic\tenvironment.\tIt\talso\tprovides\tencouragement\tthat\tattention\tto\n\tthe\tbehavioral\taspects\tof\nmaking\thealth-promoting\tchoices\tday-by-day\tthroughout\tthe\tlifespan\tcan\thave\ta\tpositive\t... | [
0.03051435761153698,
-0.022437529638409615,
0.0682545155286789,
0.0560651533305645,
-0.04308677092194557,
0.01601363718509674,
0.07098967581987381,
-0.04260210692882538,
-0.0567636601626873,
0.03886886686086655,
0.13352158665657043,
-0.08731060475111008,
0.01402251236140728,
-0.03484756872... |
on\tshifting\tone’s\thealth\ttrajectory\tfrom\tdisease\tsusceptibility\tto\thealth\tand\tvitality.\nGene\tvariants\tand\tobesity\nIn\tterms\tof\tits\tgenetic\tbasis,\tobesity\thas\tbeen\tcategorized\tas\tboth\tmonogenic\tand\tpolygenic.\nMonogenic\t(single\tgene)\tobesity\thas\thistorically\treferred\tto\tthose\n\tgene... | [
0.02322828769683838,
-0.07517564296722412,
0.05328505486249924,
-0.0065226564183831215,
-0.08791612088680267,
0.007624456193298101,
0.058713629841804504,
-0.03052140586078167,
0.0009337187511846423,
0.08246085047721863,
0.07939544320106506,
-0.04786539077758789,
-0.013727891258895397,
0.02... |
genes\tthat,\twhen\tmutated,\tlead\tto\nsevere\tobesity.\tExamples\tof\twell-studied\tgene\tvariants\tassociated\twith\tmonogenic\tobesity\tinclude\nmutations\tin\t\nMC4R\n\t(melanocortin-4\treceptor),\t\nLEP\n,\tand\t\nLEPR.\n\tIn\tcontrast,\t\npolygenic\n\t(multigene)\nobesity\thas\tbeen\treferred\tto\tas\t“common\to... | [
-0.024023087695240974,
-0.041859883815050125,
0.079906165599823,
-0.020366450771689415,
-0.04037554934620857,
0.02950068935751915,
0.06674585491418839,
0.001060637179762125,
-0.04303058609366417,
0.06284049898386002,
0.11168596148490906,
-0.09340595453977585,
-0.054101765155792236,
0.02501... |
are\tinvolved.\tThis\tbasis\tfor\tobesity\toccurs\tfrequently.\tIn\tcommon\tobesity,\n\tmutation\tin\ta\tsingle\tgene\ncontributes\tonly\ta\tsmall\tdegree\tof\trisk;\tdevelopment\tof\tthe\tsusceptibility\tto\tbecoming\tobese\tis\nstrongly\tdependent\ton\tthe\tinteraction\twith\tenvironmental\ttriggers.\tHowever,\tthe\t... | [
0.008909822441637516,
-0.030926456674933434,
0.04729391634464264,
-0.0484943650662899,
-0.106863833963871,
0.013773496262729168,
0.04103289917111397,
-0.029094217345118523,
-0.017798958346247673,
0.07800327241420746,
0.10760873556137085,
-0.055229466408491135,
0.0424569733440876,
0.0147555... |
Fairbrother\tet\tal\t(2018)\n\tthat\tmutations\tin\t\nMC4R\n\tare\tfound\tfrequently\tin\tobese\tindividuals\tin\tthe\ngeneral\tpopulation\tmakes\tthis\ttype\tof\tall\tor\tnothing\tcategorization\tquestionable.\n\tThis\trevelation\tis\nnot\tsurprising\tgiven\tthat\tmost,\tif\tnot\tall,\tgene-function-disease\tassociati... | [
-0.025522729381918907,
-0.04788978397846222,
0.07618081569671631,
-0.03232608735561371,
-0.10921144485473633,
0.03264469653367996,
0.042760174721479416,
0.047272153198719025,
-0.011995541863143444,
0.0862676203250885,
0.1234804317355156,
-0.04749945551156998,
-0.0096256323158741,
-0.000605... |
constitute\ta\tcontinuum\tof\tphenotypes\tranging\tfrom\tsilent\tto\tmild\tto\tsevere\teffects\ton\tfunction.\nHowever,\tbe\taware\tthat\tthis\ttype\tof\tclassification\tis\tin\tthe\tliterature\tand\tcan\tcause\tconfusion.\tIn\tthis\nsection\tthe\tfocus\twill\tbe\ton\twhat\thas,\tto\tdate,\tbeen\ttermed\tcommon\tobesit... | [
-0.03126590698957443,
-0.016879433766007423,
0.059316977858543396,
-0.03448294848203659,
-0.06899935752153397,
-0.006949101574718952,
0.1016702726483345,
0.025049956515431404,
-0.0362018384039402,
0.03341008350253105,
0.06072089448571205,
-0.07670280337333679,
0.04154534637928009,
0.022877... |
multiple\tgenes\nand\tmultiple\tenvironmental\ttriggers.\nAlso\tnot\tsurprising\tis\tthe\tlarge\tnumber\tof\tgenes\tidentified\tas\tcontributors\tto\tthe\tpredisposition\tfor\nobesity,\tparticularly\tsince\tGWAS\tstudies\thave\tcome\tto\tbe\tused\troutinely\tin\tthe\tsearch\tfor\tgenes\tof | [
0.052877530455589294,
-0.06298688799142838,
0.05180246755480766,
-0.04678439348936081,
-0.055898044258356094,
0.017006605863571167,
0.07704473286867142,
-0.025159968063235283,
-0.025516727939248085,
0.06022180989384651,
0.08536482602357864,
-0.10648451000452042,
0.03294229879975319,
0.0171... |
interest\tand\ttheir\tpolymorphisms.\tOne\tgene\tthat\thas\tfor\tseveral\tyears\tbeen\tfound\tto\thave\ta\tstrong\nassociation\twith\tcommon\tobesity\tand\tto\toccur\n\tfrequently\tin\tmultiple\tpopulations\tis\t\nFTO\n\t(\nLoos\tand\nYeo,\t2014\n).\tThis\tgene\tencodes\tthe\tfat\tmass\tand\tobesity\tprotein\t(an\talph... | [
-0.007470692042261362,
-0.02237883023917675,
0.02886427380144596,
-0.007511777337640524,
-0.08710572123527527,
-0.0019402648322284222,
0.09375246614217758,
0.018596218898892403,
0.03545546159148216,
0.05655394494533539,
0.08649224042892456,
-0.03364340588450432,
-0.024392489343881607,
0.05... |
dioxygenase).\tIts\tmechanism\tof\taction\tappears\tto\tbe\trelated\tto\tthe\tregulation\tof\tadipose\ttissue\ndevelopment,\twhich\tsuggests\tbody\tcomposition\tis\taffected\t(\nYang\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\tVariations\tin\tthe\t\nFTO\ngene\thave\tbeen\tfound\tin\tmultiple\tpopulations.\tIts\teffect\n\tis\tgreater\tin\tEuro... | [
-0.03832025080919266,
-0.08379263430833817,
0.03349863737821579,
-0.04002695530653,
-0.07811127603054047,
0.0033435330260545015,
0.03801029920578003,
-0.030703667551279068,
-0.01825288124382496,
0.10052560269832611,
0.1044720709323883,
-0.052678778767585754,
-0.0002029382303589955,
0.05176... |
African\tor\tAsian\tpopulations\t(\nLoos\tand\tYeo,\t2014\n;\t\nMerritt\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\nGene–diet\tinteractions\thave\tbeen\treported\tfor\tSNPs\tin\tthe\t\nFTO\n\tgene.\tData\tfrom\ta\tcross-sectional\nstudy\tfound\tthat\tthose\twith\tthe\tA\tallele\tof\t\nFTO\n\tgene\twho\treported\thigh\tlevels\tof\tdietary\tfat... | [
0.03667818382382393,
-0.009610127657651901,
0.06106440722942352,
0.005889423191547394,
-0.08256685733795166,
0.009061994962394238,
0.03440295159816742,
-0.049240969121456146,
-0.0808592438697815,
0.10508691519498825,
0.10997513681650162,
-0.0749678909778595,
-0.02844083122909069,
-0.006686... |
FTO\n\tgene\twho\treported\thigh\tlevels\tof\tdietary\tfat\tand\tlow\nlevels\tof\tphysical\tactivity\thad\thigher\tBMI\tvalues\tthan\tthose\twith\tthe\tA\tallele\twho\n\treported\ta\tlower-\nfat\tdiet\t(\nSonestedt\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\tA\tlow-carbohydrate\tdiet\tappeared\tto\tattenuate\tthe\teffect\tof\tthe\thigh-\nfat\... | [
0.025873441249132156,
-0.06707049906253815,
0.07657159119844437,
0.025577394291758537,
-0.10124383121728897,
0.013045239262282848,
0.07983794063329697,
0.008281262591481209,
-0.03207956627011299,
0.02840171940624714,
0.08478516340255737,
-0.029053039848804474,
0.012948397547006607,
0.02908... |
Lappalainen\tand\tcolleagues\t(2012)\n\tinvestigated\tthe\teffect\tof\tthis\nsame\tSNP\ton\tBMI\tin\tsubjects\tin\tthe\tFinnish\tDiabetes\tPrevention\tStudy.\tThis\tgroup\talso\tfound\nelevated\tBMI\tvalues\tin\tthose\tconsuming\ta\thigh-fat\tdiet.\tMore\trecently\t\nVimaleswaran\tet\tal\t(2016)\nreported\ta\tgene–diet... | [
-0.03398187831044197,
-0.06502507627010345,
0.10197871178388596,
-0.016525493934750557,
-0.08333835005760193,
0.051714811474084854,
0.028199195861816406,
-0.031062331050634384,
-0.03468555957078934,
0.010079687461256981,
0.07893096655607224,
-0.05461399629712105,
-0.008088590577244759,
-0.... |
reported\ta\tgene–diet\tinteraction\tin\ta\tsecond\t\nFTO\n\tSNP\tin\tan\tAsian\tIndian\tpopulation.\tIndividuals\twith\nthe\tSNP\twho\talso\tconsumed\ta\thigh-carbohydrate\tdiet\thad\tincreased\trisk\tof\tbeing\tobese.\tPhysical\ninactivity\tseemed\tto\talso\tinfluence\tobesity\trisk\tin\tthese\tindividuals. | [
0.008151097223162651,
-0.028999019414186478,
0.06891295313835144,
0.02663428708910942,
-0.06797370314598083,
0.02072940021753311,
0.09306702017784119,
0.009255290031433105,
-0.043059445917606354,
0.07404234260320663,
0.12211225926876068,
-0.11453866958618164,
-0.009519112296402454,
0.01046... |
Two\tother\tgenes\tthat\tinfluence\tnot\tonly\tobesity\tbut\talso\tinsulin\tsensitivity/resistance\tare\tthe\nsuppressor\tof\tcytokine\tsignaling\n\t3\t(\nSOCS3\n)\tgene\tand\tthe\tperoxisome\tproliferator-activated\treceptor\ngamma\t(\nPPARG2\n)\tgene.\t\nSOCS3\n\tinhibits\tcytokine\tsignal\ttransduction\t(part\tof\tt... | [
-0.07483083009719849,
-0.07723698019981384,
0.0018811080371960998,
-0.026903554797172546,
-0.05143004655838013,
0.0013245325535535812,
0.0704486146569252,
0.05725479871034622,
-0.004113036207854748,
0.06004030629992485,
0.09368134289979935,
-0.04738778993487358,
0.006449479144066572,
0.041... |
inhibits\tcytokine\tsignal\ttransduction\t(part\tof\tthe\tinflammatory\nresponse)\tthrough\tthe\tJanus\tkinase/signal\ttransducer\tand\tactivator\tof\ttranscription\t(JAK/STAT)\nsignaling\tpathway.\t\nSOCS3\n\tis\tfrequently\toverexpressed\tin\tobesity\tand\tdiabetes\t(\nGalic\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tIn\nan\t\nexpression\t... | [
-0.05414177104830742,
-0.0796828493475914,
0.02233300544321537,
-0.022268928587436676,
-0.04855532944202423,
0.04814115911722183,
0.0534939169883728,
0.029239652678370476,
0.032317645847797394,
0.05578409135341644,
0.10722046345472336,
0.02081218920648098,
-0.0020710015669465065,
0.0510955... |
expression\tgenome-wide\tassociation\tstudy\t(eGWAS)\n,\t\nXu\tet\tal\t(2018)\n\tfound\tthat\tthe\t\nSOCS3\npromoter\twas\thypomethylated\tin\tobese\tindividuals.\tWithin\tthis\tlow-methylated\t\nSOCS3\n\tgroup,\tthose\nwho\thad\thad\tfive\tor\tmore\tmajorly\tstressful\tlife\tevents\twere\tat\tincreased\trisk\tof\tobes... | [
-0.050481874495744705,
-0.0037571974098682404,
0.008514896035194397,
-0.03943619132041931,
-0.01842178776860237,
0.03586217388510704,
0.043403755873441696,
0.01894383318722248,
0.017330318689346313,
0.07622679322957993,
0.1267230212688446,
-0.09044831991195679,
-0.009102212265133858,
0.016... |
The\t\nPPARG\n\tgene\tis\ta\tnuclear\treceptor\tthat\tfunctions\tas\ta\ttranscription\tfactor\tand\tis\ta\tkey\ncontributor\tto\tfat\tcell\tformation.\tIt\tis\tfrequently\treferred\tto\tas\tthe\t“master\tregulator”\n\tof\nadipogenesis\tand\tdifferentiation\t(\nMukherjee\tet\tal,\t1997\n).\tGene–diet\tinteractions\tfor\... | [
-0.029068319126963615,
-0.06267914175987244,
0.06237773224711418,
-0.013095471076667309,
-0.14170609414577484,
0.022808320820331573,
0.05218261852860451,
0.03134765103459358,
-0.019520791247487068,
0.03971615806221962,
0.10909100621938705,
-0.022007731720805168,
-0.008102543652057648,
-0.0... |
have\tbeen\treported,\toriginally\tby\t\nMemisoglu\tet\tal\t(2003)\n\tand\tmore\trecently\tby\t\nRodrigues\tand\ncolleagues\t(2017)\n.\tIn\ta\tsubgroup\tof\tthe\tNurses’\tHealth\tStudy,\tMemisoglu\tand\tcolleagues\ninvestigated\tthe\tinteraction\tbetween\tthe\t\nPPARG2\n\tPro12Ala\tSNP\t(the\tPro\tallele\tis\tthe\twild... | [
-0.07068594545125961,
-0.06672705709934235,
0.10770068317651749,
-0.05455217510461807,
-0.09000538289546967,
0.05704938620328903,
0.025628644973039627,
-0.04319338500499725,
0.014473222196102142,
0.02217617817223072,
0.09708556532859802,
-0.006914792116731405,
-0.021357018500566483,
-0.028... |
and\tthe\tAla\tallele\n\tthe\tvariant\tallele)\tand\tdietary\tfat\tintake.\tThose\twith\tthe\tPro/Pro\tgenotype\twho\talso\nhad\tthe\thighest\tdietary\tfat\tintake\thad\tsignificantly\thigher\tBMI\tvalues\tthan\tthose\twho\thad\tthe\tlowest\ndietary\tfat\tintake.\tThere\tdid\tnot\tappear\tto\tbe\ta\tgene–diet\tinteract... | [
-0.020200584083795547,
-0.020429864525794983,
0.09266447275876999,
-0.02112852968275547,
-0.07788177579641342,
-0.002948961453512311,
0.05936674401164055,
-0.00913340225815773,
-0.055561136454343796,
0.03990532457828522,
0.09585487097501755,
-0.04598606005311012,
-0.0061969514936208725,
-0... |
to\tBMI.\t\nRodrigues\tet\tal\t(2018)\n\treported\ton\tseverely\tobese\tindividuals\tand\tfound\tthat\tthose\twith\tone\nor\tmore\n\tcopies\tof\tthe\tAla\tallele\thad\thigher\tBMI\tvalues\tand\thigher\tpolyunsaturated\tfat\tintake.\tIt\tis\nnot\tunusual\tto\tencounter\tthese\ttypes\tof\tinconsistencies\tas\tresearchers... | [
-0.02392188273370266,
-0.0790204256772995,
0.08016356080770493,
-0.04046604037284851,
-0.08842897415161133,
0.0102062514051795,
0.07979737222194672,
-0.021614573895931244,
-0.03158608824014664,
0.03529087081551552,
0.07966580241918564,
-0.04405476525425911,
0.0324527844786644,
-0.011849664... |
influence\tphysiologic\tprocesses\tin\tresponse\tto\tlifestyle\tchoices.\tTypically\tthe\tpattern\twill\tbecome\nclearer\tas\tthe\tvolume\tof\tstudies\tincreases.\nBecause\tof\tthe\tlarge\tnumber\tof\tvariants\tthat\thave\tbeen\treported\n\tsince\tGWAS\tbecame\tthe\tprimary\ntool\tfor\tidentifying\tobesity-related\tvar... | [
0.06180323287844658,
-0.0682285726070404,
0.060079775750637054,
-0.03142086789011955,
-0.09236149489879608,
0.025905916467308998,
0.0954725593328476,
0.0019549946300685406,
0.02285541594028473,
0.07065468281507492,
0.1328027993440628,
-0.026864448562264442,
0.04365111514925957,
0.047409597... |
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