pair_id string | label int64 | pair_type string | pair_subtype string | a_doc_id string | a_snippet_id int64 | a_text_type string | a_text string | b_doc_id string | b_snippet_id int64 | b_text_type string | b_text string | a_metadata unknown | b_metadata unknown |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pos-1000 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 443 | null | sentence | ννΈ, λ¨κΈ°μμ μμ κ° μλΉμνν΄μμΈ‘λ©΄λ§ νκ°νλ©΄, λΉνμ‘°μ λ΄μ¬ ν΅νμ μ±
μ μ΄μ΅μ΄ κ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰μ μ΄μ΅λ³΄λ€ ν¬λ€λ μ¬μ€μ λ³΄μ¬ μ€λ€. | 443 | null | translation | Meanwhile, evaluating only the aspect of consumption risk reduction between time points in the short term shows that the profits of noncooperative Nash monetary policy are greater than those of international monetary policy cooperation. | {} | {} |
pos-1001 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 443 | 0 | translation_chunk | Meanwhile, evaluating only the aspect of consumption risk reduction between time points in the short term shows that | 443 | 1 | translation_chunk | the profits of noncooperative Nash monetary policy are greater than those of international monetary policy cooperation. | {} | {} |
pos-1002 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 444 | 0 | sentence_chunk | νμ μ±
μ μ΄μ΅κ³Ό λΉκ΅ν λ 2μ°¨μ μΈ μ€μμ±μ κ° μ§λ©° κ²½μ κ° μμ ν΅ν©λκ±°λ μμ κ³ λ¦½μ μ΄κ±°λ λλ | 444 | 1 | sentence_chunk | κ°κ³κ° λ‘κ·Έν¨μ©ν¨μλ₯Ό κ°μ§ λλ₯Ό μ μΈνκ³ λ λ μ μ±
μΌλ‘λΆν°μ μ΄μ΅μ μΌ μΉνμ§ μλλ€κ³ μ£Όμ₯νλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1003 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 444 | null | sentence | νμ μ±
μ μ΄μ΅κ³Ό λΉκ΅ν λ 2μ°¨μ μΈ μ€μμ±μ κ° μ§λ©° κ²½μ κ° μμ ν΅ν©λκ±°λ μμ κ³ λ¦½μ μ΄κ±°λ λλ κ°κ³κ° λ‘κ·Έν¨μ©ν¨μλ₯Ό κ°μ§ λλ₯Ό μ μΈνκ³ λ λ μ μ±
μΌλ‘λΆν°μ μ΄μ΅μ μΌ μΉνμ§ μλλ€κ³ μ£Όμ₯νλ€. | 444 | null | translation | It has secondary importance compared to the interests of the reconciliation policy and argues that the interests from the two policies are not insignificant except when the economy is fully integrated, completely isolated, or when households possess a log-utility function. | {} | {} |
pos-1004 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 444 | 0 | translation_chunk | It has secondary importance compared to the interests of the reconciliation policy and argues that the interests from the two policies | 444 | 1 | translation_chunk | are not insignificant except when the economy is fully integrated, completely isolated, or when households possess a log-utility function. | {} | {} |
pos-1005 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 445 | 0 | sentence_chunk | λ³κ²½ ν μ½κ΄μ‘°νμ βμ μ©μΉ΄λμ λΆκ°λ μ ν΄μλΉμ€μ μ 곡 λ° μ΄μ©μ‘°κ±΄μ μνμ΄λ ν΄λΉ μ ν΄ κΈ°κ΄μ | 445 | 1 | sentence_chunk | μ¬μ μ λ°λΌ λ³κ²½λ μ μμΌλ©°, κ·Έ λ³κ²½ λ΄μ©μ μ¬μ μ κ³ μ§νλ€βλ μ·¨μ§λ‘ κ·μ λμ΄ μμλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1006 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 445 | null | sentence | λ³κ²½ ν μ½κ΄μ‘°νμ βμ μ©μΉ΄λμ λΆκ°λ μ ν΄μλΉμ€μ μ 곡 λ° μ΄μ©μ‘°κ±΄μ μνμ΄λ ν΄λΉ μ ν΄ κΈ°κ΄μ μ¬μ μ λ°λΌ λ³κ²½λ μ μμΌλ©°, κ·Έ λ³κ²½ λ΄μ©μ μ¬μ μ κ³ μ§νλ€βλ μ·¨μ§λ‘ κ·μ λμ΄ μμλ€. | 445 | null | translation | After the modification, the terms and conditions were stipulated with the intention that "the conditions for the provision and use of the affiliated service added to the credit card may be subject to change depending on the circumstances of the bank or the affiliated institution, and the details of such changes shall b... | {} | {} |
pos-1007 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 445 | 0 | translation_chunk | After the modification, the terms and conditions were stipulated with the intention that "the conditions for the | 445 | 1 | translation_chunk | provision and use of the affiliated service added to the credit card may be subject to change depending on the | {} | {} |
pos-1008 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 445 | 0 | translation_chunk | After the modification, the terms and conditions were stipulated with the intention that "the conditions for the | 445 | 2 | translation_chunk | circumstances of the bank or the affiliated institution, and the details of such changes shall be notified in advance." | {} | {} |
pos-1009 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 445 | 1 | translation_chunk | provision and use of the affiliated service added to the credit card may be subject to change depending on the | 445 | 2 | translation_chunk | circumstances of the bank or the affiliated institution, and the details of such changes shall be notified in advance." | {} | {} |
pos-1010 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 446 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μ€μν λ΄μ© μ€λͺ
μ무μ κ΄λ ¨νμ¬μλ μ΄λ€ μ¬νμ΄ μ€λͺ
μ μνλ ο½’μ€μν λ΄μ©ο½£μΈκ° | 446 | 1 | sentence_chunk | κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ€μν λ΄μ©μ λνμ¬λ ο½’νμο½£ μ€λͺ
μλ¬΄κ° μ΄νλμ΄μΌ νλμ§κ° λ¬Έμ λλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1011 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 446 | null | sentence | μ€μν λ΄μ© μ€λͺ
μ무μ κ΄λ ¨νμ¬μλ μ΄λ€ μ¬νμ΄ μ€λͺ
μ μνλ ο½’μ€μν λ΄μ©ο½£μΈκ° κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ€μν λ΄μ©μ λνμ¬λ ο½’νμο½£ μ€λͺ
μλ¬΄κ° μ΄νλμ΄μΌ νλμ§κ° λ¬Έμ λλ€. | 446 | null | translation | When it comes to the obligation to explain important information, the issue lies in determining what constitutes "important content" that necessitates explanation and whether the obligation to explain important content should always be fulfilled. | {} | {} |
pos-1012 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 446 | 0 | translation_chunk | When it comes to the obligation to explain important information, the issue lies in determining what constitutes "important | 446 | 1 | translation_chunk | content" that necessitates explanation and whether the obligation to explain important content should always be fulfilled. | {} | {} |
pos-1013 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 447 | null | sentence | μκ° κ°λ³μ μΈ μνν리미μμ΄ νμ¨μ μν₯μ μ£Όλλ‘ νλ€λ μ μμ λ μ κ·Όλ²μ μ μ¬νλ€. | 447 | null | translation | The two approaches are similar in that they allow a time-varying risk premium to affect the exchange rate. | {} | {} |
pos-1014 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 448 | null | sentence | μλ³Έκ³Ό λ
Έλμ λν μμλ κΈ°μ
μ λΉμ©κ·Ήμν λ¬Έμ λ‘λΆν° λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ΄ ꡬν μ μλ€. | 448 | null | translation | The demand for capital and labor can be obtained from the company's cost minimization problem as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1015 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 449 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μ (8)κ³Ό μ (10), κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ (9)μ μ (11)μ κ²°ν©νλ©΄ μλμ μ (12)μ | 449 | 1 | sentence_chunk | μ (13)κ³Ό κ°μ΄ κ°κ΅ λνμ¬νμ λν μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅ λνκ°κ³μ μμλ₯Ό μ»μ μ μλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1016 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 449 | null | sentence | μ (8)κ³Ό μ (10), κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ (9)μ μ (11)μ κ²°ν©νλ©΄ μλμ μ (12)μ μ (13)κ³Ό κ°μ΄ κ°κ΅ λνμ¬νμ λν μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅ λνκ°κ³μ μμλ₯Ό μ»μ μ μλ€. | 449 | null | translation | By combining Equation (8) and Equation (10), and Equation (9) and Equation (11), you can obtain the demand of representative households in each country for each country's representative goods as shown in Equation (12) and Equation (13) below. | {} | {} |
pos-1017 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 449 | 0 | translation_chunk | By combining Equation (8) and Equation (10), and Equation (9) and Equation (11), you can obtain the demand of representative | 449 | 1 | translation_chunk | households in each country for each country's representative goods as shown in Equation (12) and Equation (13) below. | {} | {} |
pos-1018 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 450 | null | sentence | μ΄ κ²½λ‘λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ νμ¨μ λλΆμκΈμμ₯ μμ κ°μ μ μΌλ‘ μ΄μμ¨μ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉκ³ , μ΄μμ¨ κ²½λ‘λ₯Ό ν΅ν΄ μ€λ¬ΌλΆλ¬Έμ μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉκ² λλ€. | 450 | null | translation | Through this channel, the exchange rate indirectly affects interest rates in the loanable funds market and affects the real sector through the interest rate channel. | {} | {} |
pos-1019 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 450 | 0 | translation_chunk | Through this channel, the exchange rate indirectly affects interest rates in the | 450 | 1 | translation_chunk | loanable funds market and affects the real sector through the interest rate channel. | {} | {} |
pos-1020 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 451 | null | sentence | CGEλͺ¨νμ μν APECμ λ°°νμ μμ 무μμ§λ μ€λ¦½μ κ²½μ μ ν¨κ³Ό | 451 | null | translation | Economic effects of establishment of APEC exclusive free trade area based on CGE model | {} | {} |
pos-1021 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 452 | null | sentence | κ΄μΈμ¨μ‘°μ μ κ²½μ μ ν¨κ³ΌλΆμ: μΌλ° κ· νμ μ κ·Ό | 452 | null | translation | Economic effect analysis of tariff rate adjustment: general equilibrium approach | {} | {} |
pos-1022 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 453 | null | sentence | λνκ²½μ μμμμ 무μμμ ν ν¨κ³Ό | 453 | null | translation | Effects of trade liberalization in a dynamic economy | {} | {} |
pos-1023 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 454 | null | sentence | μ κ³ κΈ° μμ
κ°λ°©κ³Ό μ¬νμ νμμ λ³ν | 454 | null | translation | Beef import opening and changes in social welfare | {} | {} |
pos-1024 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 455 | null | sentence | μμ
μμ ν ν¨κ³ΌλΆμμ λν μΌλ°κ· ν μ΄λ‘ μ μ μ© | 455 | null | translation | Application of general equilibrium theory to the analysis of import liberalization effects | {} | {} |
pos-1025 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 456 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μ€μ§νμ¨μ μ μ νλ§νΌ μΆκ°μ μΌλ‘ μ νμμΌμ μκ΅μ μμΆκ³Ό μλμ μ¦κ°λ₯Ό ν΅ νμ¬ μκ΅μλΉλ₯Ό | 456 | 1 | sentence_chunk | μΈκ΅μ μλΉμμ€μ΄μμΌλ‘ μ¦κ°μν€λ―λ‘ λ΄μ¬ν΅νμ μ±
μ μ΄μ΅μ κ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰μ μ΄μ΅λ³΄λ€ λ 컀μ§λ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1026 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 456 | null | sentence | μ€μ§νμ¨μ μ μ νλ§νΌ μΆκ°μ μΌλ‘ μ νμμΌμ μκ΅μ μμΆκ³Ό μλμ μ¦κ°λ₯Ό ν΅ νμ¬ μκ΅μλΉλ₯Ό μΈκ΅μ μλΉμμ€μ΄μμΌλ‘ μ¦κ°μν€λ―λ‘ λ΄μ¬ν΅νμ μ±
μ μ΄μ΅μ κ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰μ μ΄μ΅λ³΄λ€ λ 컀μ§λ€. | 456 | null | translation | By further depreciating the real exchange rate beyond the initial appreciation, this leads to an increase in a country's exports and income, subsequently raising domestic consumption above foreign consumption levels, making the gains from a Nash monetary policy larger than the gains from international monetary policy c... | {} | {} |
pos-1027 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 456 | 0 | translation_chunk | By further depreciating the real exchange rate beyond the initial appreciation, this leads to an increase in a | 456 | 1 | translation_chunk | country's exports and income, subsequently raising domestic consumption above foreign consumption levels, making | {} | {} |
pos-1028 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 456 | 0 | translation_chunk | By further depreciating the real exchange rate beyond the initial appreciation, this leads to an increase in a | 456 | 2 | translation_chunk | the gains from a Nash monetary policy larger than the gains from international monetary policy coordination. | {} | {} |
pos-1029 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 456 | 1 | translation_chunk | country's exports and income, subsequently raising domestic consumption above foreign consumption levels, making | 456 | 2 | translation_chunk | the gains from a Nash monetary policy larger than the gains from international monetary policy coordination. | {} | {} |
pos-1030 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 457 | null | sentence | μ΄λ μ€μ§νμ¨μ λ³λμ κ° μμμΌ μ€μ§νμ¨λ³λμ κΈ°μΈνλ νμ¨μ μ§μΆμ΄μ ν¨κ³Ό μμ κ°μμν¨λ€. | 457 | null | translation | This reduces the fluctuation of the real exchange rate and also reduces the expenditure transfer effect of the exchange rate because of the fluctuation of the real exchange rate. | {} | {} |
pos-1031 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 457 | 0 | translation_chunk | This reduces the fluctuation of the real exchange rate and also reduces the expenditure | 457 | 1 | translation_chunk | transfer effect of the exchange rate because of the fluctuation of the real exchange rate. | {} | {} |
pos-1032 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 458 | null | sentence | 첫 λ²μ§Έ, λ³Έ μ°κ΅¬μ κ²½μ° λΆμμ μ£Όμ μ λμμ΄ μκ΅μ λΆμ μ μ°μΆμΆ©κ²©μ λν μ μ±
μ λμμ λ°λ₯Έ ν¨κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°κ° λμΆν ν, μνΈλΉκ΅νκ³ μλ€. | 458 | null | translation | First, in the case of this study, the topic and object of analysis are each derived from the effects of policy responses to negative output shocks in each country, and then compared. | {} | {} |
pos-1033 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 458 | 0 | translation_chunk | First, in the case of this study, the topic and object of analysis are each derived from the | 458 | 1 | translation_chunk | effects of policy responses to negative output shocks in each country, and then compared. | {} | {} |
pos-1034 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 459 | 0 | sentence_chunk | νλλ μ€λ¬ΌλΆλ¬Έλ§μ λΆμλμμΌλ‘ νλ CGE λͺ¨νμ μ΄μ©νλ κ²½μ°μ΄κ³ , λ€λ₯Έ ν | 459 | 1 | sentence_chunk | λλ μ€λ¬ΌλΆλ¬ΈλΏλ§ μλλΌ κΈμ΅λΆλ¬Έμ ν¬ν¨νλ FCGE λͺ¨νμ μ΄μ©νλ κ²½μ°μ΄ λ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1035 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 459 | null | sentence | νλλ μ€λ¬ΌλΆλ¬Έλ§μ λΆμλμμΌλ‘ νλ CGE λͺ¨νμ μ΄μ©νλ κ²½μ°μ΄κ³ , λ€λ₯Έ ν λλ μ€λ¬ΌλΆλ¬ΈλΏλ§ μλλΌ κΈμ΅λΆλ¬Έμ ν¬ν¨νλ FCGE λͺ¨νμ μ΄μ©νλ κ²½μ°μ΄ λ€. | 459 | null | translation | One is the case of using the CGE model that analyzes only the real sector, and the other is the case of using the FCGE model that includes not only the real sector but also the financial sector. | {} | {} |
pos-1036 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 459 | 0 | translation_chunk | One is the case of using the CGE model that analyzes only the real sector, and the other is the | 459 | 1 | translation_chunk | case of using the FCGE model that includes not only the real sector but also the financial sector. | {} | {} |
pos-1037 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 460 | null | sentence | νμ¨μ κ³ μ μν¨ CGE λΆμμμλ κ΄μΈμ² νλ 곧 μμ
μ¬μ κ΅λ΄κ°κ²©μ νλ½μν¨λ€. | 460 | null | translation | In the CGE analysis with fixed exchange rates, tariff elimination immediately lowers the domestic price of imported goods. | {} | {} |
pos-1038 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 461 | null | sentence | νμ¨μ κ³ μ μν¨ μ€λ¬Ό CGE λΆμμμλ λΆκ°λ₯νλ νμ¨ κ²½λ‘λ₯Ό ν΅ν κ°κ²©μ‘°μ μ΄ νμ¨μ μ μΆμ±μ κ³ λ €ν FCGE λΆμμμλ κ°λ₯ν΄ μ§λ€. | 461 | null | translation | Price adjustment through the exchange rate channel, which was impossible in the real CGE analysis with a fixed exchange rate, becomes possible in the FCGE analysis that takes into account the flexibility of the exchange rate. | {} | {} |
pos-1039 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 461 | 0 | translation_chunk | Price adjustment through the exchange rate channel, which was impossible in the real CGE analysis with a fixed | 461 | 1 | translation_chunk | exchange rate, becomes possible in the FCGE analysis that takes into account the flexibility of the exchange rate. | {} | {} |
pos-1040 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 462 | 0 | sentence_chunk | κ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰 체μ μμλ μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅μ κ΅μκ²½μ μ μ°¨μ§νλ λΉμ€μ΄ λμΌ νλ©΄ μκ΅μ λΆμ μ μΈ μ°μΆμΆ©κ²©μ΄ μκ΅κ³Ό | 462 | 1 | sentence_chunk | μΈκ΅μλΉμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ΄ λμΌνλ―λ‘ μ 체 κ΅μκ΅ κ° μλΉμνν΄μ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ μ μ±
κ³΅μ‘°κ° μ°μν¨μ μ μ μλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1041 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 462 | null | sentence | κ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰 체μ μμλ μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅μ κ΅μκ²½μ μ μ°¨μ§νλ λΉμ€μ΄ λμΌ νλ©΄ μκ΅μ λΆμ μ μΈ μ°μΆμΆ©κ²©μ΄ μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅μλΉμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ΄ λμΌνλ―λ‘ μ 체 κ΅μκ΅ κ° μλΉμνν΄μ μΈ‘λ©΄μμ μ μ±
κ³΅μ‘°κ° μ°μν¨μ μ μ μλ€. | 462 | null | translation | In the international monetary policy cooperation system, when the share of trade economy between a country and foreign countries is equal, the impact of negative output shock on both domestic and foreign consumption is also equal; this indicates that policy cooperation is superior in terms of mitigating consumption ris... | {} | {} |
pos-1042 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 462 | 0 | translation_chunk | In the international monetary policy cooperation system, when the share of trade economy between a country and foreign | 462 | 1 | translation_chunk | countries is equal, the impact of negative output shock on both domestic and foreign consumption is also equal; | {} | {} |
pos-1043 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 462 | 0 | translation_chunk | In the international monetary policy cooperation system, when the share of trade economy between a country and foreign | 462 | 2 | translation_chunk | this indicates that policy cooperation is superior in terms of mitigating consumption risk among all trading nations. | {} | {} |
pos-1044 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 462 | 1 | translation_chunk | countries is equal, the impact of negative output shock on both domestic and foreign consumption is also equal; | 462 | 2 | translation_chunk | this indicates that policy cooperation is superior in terms of mitigating consumption risk among all trading nations. | {} | {} |
pos-1045 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 463 | null | sentence | μμ κ° μλΉμν ν΄μμ μ λλ μκ΅ μ° μ¬νμ μλΉλ°μ€μΌμμμ λΉμ€μ΄ 컀μ§μλ‘ μ»€μ§μ μ μ μλ€. | 463 | null | translation | The extent of reducing consumption risk between time points increases as the proportion of domestically produced goods in the consumption basket increases. | {} | {} |
pos-1046 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 464 | null | sentence | ννΈ, μλΉκ΅¬μ±μ΄ μκ΅μ° μ¬νμ νΈν₯λμ΄ μλ μΌλ°μ μΈ κ²½μ°, μκ΅μ λΆμ μ μ°μΆμΆ©κ²©μ μ€μ§νμ¨μ μ μμν¨λ€. | 464 | null | translation | In the case where the consumption composition is biased towards domestic goods, the negative output shock in the country increases the real exchange rate. | {} | {} |
pos-1047 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 465 | 0 | sentence_chunk | Betts and Devereuxμ Chari et al.κ³Ό κ°μ΄ 2κ°κ΅μ λͺ¨λ λ©΄μμ λμ§μ μΈ νΉμ±μ κ°κΈ° | 465 | 1 | sentence_chunk | λλ¬Έμ, λ³Έ κ³ μμλ 2 κ΅κ° λͺ¨λμ λν΄ λμΌν νλΌλ―Έν°κ°μ μ¬μ©νλ©° μ΄λ€ κ°μ <ν 1>μ λ³΄κ³ νμλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1048 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 465 | null | sentence | Betts and Devereuxμ Chari et al.κ³Ό κ°μ΄ 2κ°κ΅μ λͺ¨λ λ©΄μμ λμ§μ μΈ νΉμ±μ κ°κΈ° λλ¬Έμ, λ³Έ κ³ μμλ 2 κ΅κ° λͺ¨λμ λν΄ λμΌν νλΌλ―Έν°κ°μ μ¬μ©νλ©° μ΄λ€ κ°μ <ν 1>μ λ³΄κ³ νμλ€. | 465 | null | translation | As both countries, Betts and Devereux and Chari et al., have homogeneous characteristics in all aspects, the same parameter values are utilized for both countries in this study, and these values are reported in <Table 1>. | {} | {} |
pos-1049 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 465 | 0 | translation_chunk | As both countries, Betts and Devereux and Chari et al., have homogeneous characteristics in all aspects, the | 465 | 1 | translation_chunk | same parameter values are utilized for both countries in this study, and these values are reported in <Table 1>. | {} | {} |
pos-1050 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 466 | null | sentence | λ³Έ κ³ μμλ Backus, Kehoe, and Kydlandμ λ°λΌ 1.5λ₯Ό μ¬μ©νλ€. | 466 | null | translation | In this study, we adopt the use of 1.5 as suggested by Backus, Kehoe, and Kydland. | {} | {} |
pos-1051 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 467 | null | sentence | λ³Έ κ³ μμλ κ· νμ±μ₯κ²½λ‘쑰건μ λ§μ‘±μν€λ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ CES ν¨μ©ν¨μλ₯Ό μ¬μ©νμ¬ NOEMλͺ¨νμ μλνκ°λ₯Ό νλ€. | 467 | null | translation | In this study, we evaluate the quantity of the NOEM model using the CES utility function that satisfies the balanced growth path condition. | {} | {} |
pos-1052 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 468 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μΈλΆμΆ©κ²©μ μνμ¬ μ΄ννκ² λ λ λνλ νμλ€μ λΆμνκΈ° λλ¬Έμ, κ· ν쑰건μ κ΅λ΄μΈ μ¬νμμ₯μ κ· ν쑰건 λ° | 468 | 1 | sentence_chunk | κ΅λ΄μΈ μλΉμμ κΈ°μ
μ ν¨μ¨μ± 쑰건, κ΅λ΄μΈ μ±κΆμμ₯ λ° λ
Έλμμ₯, μλ³Έ μλμμ₯μ κ· ν쑰건μΌλ‘ μ 리ν μ μλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1053 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 468 | null | sentence | μΈλΆμΆ©κ²©μ μνμ¬ μ΄ννκ² λ λ λνλ νμλ€μ λΆμνκΈ° λλ¬Έμ, κ· ν쑰건μ κ΅λ΄μΈ μ¬νμμ₯μ κ· ν쑰건 λ° κ΅λ΄μΈ μλΉμμ κΈ°μ
μ ν¨μ¨μ± 쑰건, κ΅λ΄μΈ μ±κΆμμ₯ λ° λ
Έλμμ₯, μλ³Έ μλμμ₯μ κ· ν쑰건μΌλ‘ μ 리ν μ μλ€. | 468 | null | translation | By analyzing the phenomena that occur when deviating due to external shocks, the equilibrium condition can be summarized as the equilibrium condition of the domestic and foreign goods market, the efficiency condition of domestic and foreign consumers and companies, and the equilibrium conditions of the domestic and for... | {} | {} |
pos-1054 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 468 | 0 | translation_chunk | By analyzing the phenomena that occur when deviating due to external shocks, the equilibrium condition can be summarized as the | 468 | 1 | translation_chunk | equilibrium condition of the domestic and foreign goods market, the efficiency condition of domestic and foreign consumers | {} | {} |
pos-1055 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 468 | 0 | translation_chunk | By analyzing the phenomena that occur when deviating due to external shocks, the equilibrium condition can be summarized as the | 468 | 2 | translation_chunk | and companies, and the equilibrium conditions of the domestic and foreign bond market, labor market, and capital rental market. | {} | {} |
pos-1056 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 468 | 1 | translation_chunk | equilibrium condition of the domestic and foreign goods market, the efficiency condition of domestic and foreign consumers | 468 | 2 | translation_chunk | and companies, and the equilibrium conditions of the domestic and foreign bond market, labor market, and capital rental market. | {} | {} |
pos-1057 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 469 | null | sentence | μμ°μμ₯μμμ κ· ν쑰건μ κ° μμ°μ λν μμμ 곡κΈμ΄ μΌμΉνλ λ°μμ μ΄λ£¨μ΄μ§λ©° μκ΅ν΅ν λ° μΈκ΅ν΅ν νμ μ±κΆμ λνμ¬ κ°κ° λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. | 469 | null | translation | The balance condition in the asset market occurs when the demand and supply for each asset are in harmony, and for bonds denominated in the domestic currency and foreign currency, respectively, it is as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1058 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 469 | 0 | translation_chunk | The balance condition in the asset market occurs when the demand and supply for each asset are in harmony, | 469 | 1 | translation_chunk | and for bonds denominated in the domestic currency and foreign currency, respectively, it is as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1059 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 470 | null | sentence | μ λΆμ μν νν곡κΈλμ μ¦κ°λ μ§μ λ―Όκ°μΈμκ² μ΄μ λλ©° μ λΆμ§μΆμ μλ κ²μΌλ‘ κ°μ λλ€. | 470 | null | translation | The increase in money supply by the government is assumed to be directly transferred to civilians, with no government expenditure involved. | {} | {} |
pos-1060 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 471 | null | sentence | μ΅μ λ΄μ¬ ν΅νμ μ±
μ λ€λ₯Έ κ΅κ°μ ν΅νμ μ±
μ΄ μκ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
κ³Ό λ
립μ μ΄λΌ λ κ°μ νμμ μκ΅κ°κ³λ§μ μμ μμ ν¨μ© κ·Ήλνμ μν΄μ κ²°μ λλ€. | 471 | null | translation | The optimal Nash monetary policy is determined by maximizing the expected lifetime utility of each country's households under the assumption that other countries' monetary policies are independent of the domestic monetary policy. | {} | {} |
pos-1061 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 471 | 0 | translation_chunk | The optimal Nash monetary policy is determined by maximizing the expected lifetime utility of each country's | 471 | 1 | translation_chunk | households under the assumption that other countries' monetary policies are independent of the domestic monetary policy. | {} | {} |
pos-1062 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 472 | 0 | sentence_chunk | κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λ
μΌ λ―Όλ² μ 310μ‘° μ 1νμ B2Bκ±°λλ 곡λ²μμ κ³μ½μλλ°©κ³Όμ κ±°λμμλ | 472 | 1 | sentence_chunk | λ
μΌ λ―Όλ² μ 305μ‘° μ 2ν λ° μ 3νμ΄ μ μ©λμ§ μλλ‘ νμ¬ κ±°λμ μνμ λλͺ¨νλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1063 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 472 | null | sentence | κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λ
μΌ λ―Όλ² μ 310μ‘° μ 1νμ B2Bκ±°λλ 곡λ²μμ κ³μ½μλλ°©κ³Όμ κ±°λμμλ λ
μΌ λ―Όλ² μ 305μ‘° μ 2ν λ° μ 3νμ΄ μ μ©λμ§ μλλ‘ νμ¬ κ±°λμ μνμ λλͺ¨νλ€. | 472 | null | translation | Furthermore, Article 310 (1) of the German Civil Code facilitates smooth transactions by excluding the application of Article 305 (2) and (3) of the German Civil Code in B2B transactions or transactions with counterparties under public law. | {} | {} |
pos-1064 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 472 | 0 | translation_chunk | Furthermore, Article 310 (1) of the German Civil Code facilitates smooth transactions by excluding the application of | 472 | 1 | translation_chunk | Article 305 (2) and (3) of the German Civil Code in B2B transactions or transactions with counterparties under public law. | {} | {} |
pos-1065 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 473 | null | sentence | μ½κ΄κ·μ λ²μμ βκ°λ³μ½μ βμ μ½κ΄μμ μ νκ³ μλ μ¬νμ κ΄νμ¬ μ¬μ
μμ κ³ κ°μ΄ μ½κ΄μ λ΄μ©κ³Ό λ€λ₯΄κ² ν©μν μ¬νμ λ§νλ€. | 473 | null | translation | The term "individual agreement" in the Act on the Regulation of Terms and Conditions refers to the matters that the business operator and the customer have agreed upon differently from the provisions in the terms and conditions regarding the specified matters. | {} | {} |
pos-1066 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 473 | 0 | translation_chunk | The term "individual agreement" in the Act on the Regulation of Terms and Conditions refers to the matters that the business operator | 473 | 1 | translation_chunk | and the customer have agreed upon differently from the provisions in the terms and conditions regarding the specified matters. | {} | {} |
pos-1067 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 474 | null | sentence | μμΈ λλ μΈμ²μ§μμ λμΏ, ν콩, μ±κ°ν¬λ₯΄μ κ°μ μμ€μ κ΅μ κΈμ΅μΌν°λ₯Ό λ§ λ€μλ κ²μ΄λ€. | 474 | null | translation | The idea is to create an international financial center on the same level as Tokyo, Hong Kong, and Singapore in Seoul or Incheon. | {} | {} |
pos-1068 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 475 | null | sentence | μΈκ΅¬κ° 2000 λ§ μ΄μμΈ λκ΅μ μλ³Έ μ μΆμ
μ νμ±ν μ λ, κΈ°μ
κ΄λ ¨λ²κ·μ κ²½μ λ° κΈ°μ
μΉνμ± μ λκ° κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯μ μ μλ―Έν μν₯μ λ―ΈμΉλ€. | 475 | null | translation | In large countries with a population of over 20 million, the degree of activation of capital inflows and outflows, competition in business-related laws, and degree of business-friendliness have a significant impact on financial competitiveness. | {} | {} |
pos-1069 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 475 | 0 | translation_chunk | In large countries with a population of over 20 million, the degree of activation of capital inflows and outflows, competition | 475 | 1 | translation_chunk | in business-related laws, and degree of business-friendliness have a significant impact on financial competitiveness. | {} | {} |
pos-1070 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 476 | null | sentence | λ°λΌ μ, κ΅μκ΅κ°μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰λ μ 체 κ΅μκ΅λ€μ μμ ν¨μ©μ κ·Ήλνμν€λ μ΅μ μλΉλ°°λΆ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°μ Έ μ¨λ€. | 476 | null | translation | Therefore, monetary policy cooperation between trading countries results in optimal consumption distribution that maximizes the lifetime utility of all trading countries. | {} | {} |
pos-1071 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 476 | 0 | translation_chunk | Therefore, monetary policy cooperation between trading countries results in optimal | 476 | 1 | translation_chunk | consumption distribution that maximizes the lifetime utility of all trading countries. | {} | {} |
pos-1072 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 477 | null | sentence | μ (41)λ‘λΆν° λ κ΅κ°μ κ²½μ λΉμ€μ΄ κ°λ€λ©΄ μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅μ ν¨ μ©λ³νμ κ°μ€νκ· μ λ€μκ³Ό κ°λ€. | 477 | null | translation | From equation (41), if the economic weight of the two countries is the same, the weighted average of the changes in utility of the home country and foreign countries is as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1073 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 477 | 0 | translation_chunk | From equation (41), if the economic weight of the two countries is the same, the weighted | 477 | 1 | translation_chunk | average of the changes in utility of the home country and foreign countries is as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1074 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 478 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μ (52)μ μλΉμμ€μ μ€νμν€λ μ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰μ λ£°μ ꡬνκΈ° μν΄μ μ | 478 | 1 | sentence_chunk | (52)λ₯Ό μ (36)κ³Ό μ (37)μ λμ
νλ©΄ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ μμ λμΆν μ μλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1075 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 478 | null | sentence | μ (52)μ μλΉμμ€μ μ€νμν€λ μ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰μ λ£°μ ꡬνκΈ° μν΄μ μ (52)λ₯Ό μ (36)κ³Ό μ (37)μ λμ
νλ©΄ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μ μμ λμΆν μ μλ€. | 478 | null | translation | In order to find the optimal monetary policy coordination rule that realizes the consumption level in equation (52), the following equation can be derived by substituting equation (52) into equations (36) and (37). | {} | {} |
pos-1076 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 478 | 0 | translation_chunk | In order to find the optimal monetary policy coordination rule that realizes the consumption level in equation | 478 | 1 | translation_chunk | (52), the following equation can be derived by substituting equation (52) into equations (36) and (37). | {} | {} |
pos-1077 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 479 | null | sentence | μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅μ κ΅ μκ²½μ μ μ°¨μ§νλ λΉμ€μ΄ λμΌνλ―λ‘ μκ΅κ³Ό μΈκ΅μ μ μ±
곡쑰λ λμΉμ μ΄μ΄μ κ°κ΅μ μ μ±
곡쑰μ λ£°μ λ€μκ³Ό κ°μμ§λ€. | 479 | null | translation | Since the share of the domestic and foreign trade economies is the same, the policy cooperation between the domestic and foreign countries is symmetrical, so the rules for policy cooperation between each country are as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1078 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 479 | 0 | translation_chunk | Since the share of the domestic and foreign trade economies is the same, the policy cooperation between the domestic | 479 | 1 | translation_chunk | and foreign countries is symmetrical, so the rules for policy cooperation between each country are as follows. | {} | {} |
pos-1079 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 480 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰λ μκ΅μ λΆμ μ μ°μΆμΆ©κ²©μ μν μ€μ§νμ¨μ μ μμ μμ ν | 480 | 1 | sentence_chunk | μ€νμν¬ μ μλλ‘ κ°κ΅μ μ μ±
κ²°μ μλ€μ΄ νν곡κΈμ μ‘°μ νλ κ²μ΄λ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1080 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 480 | null | sentence | μ΅μ ν΅νμ μ±
곡쑰λ μκ΅μ λΆμ μ μ°μΆμΆ©κ²©μ μν μ€μ§νμ¨μ μ μμ μμ ν μ€νμν¬ μ μλλ‘ κ°κ΅μ μ μ±
κ²°μ μλ€μ΄ νν곡κΈμ μ‘°μ νλ κ²μ΄λ€. | 480 | null | translation | Optimal monetary policy coordination is when policymakers in each country adjust the money supply to completely neutralize the appreciation of the real exchange rate caused by negative output shocks in each country. | {} | {} |
pos-1081 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 480 | 0 | translation_chunk | Optimal monetary policy coordination is when policymakers in each country adjust the money supply to completely | 480 | 1 | translation_chunk | neutralize the appreciation of the real exchange rate caused by negative output shocks in each country. | {} | {} |
pos-1082 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 481 | null | sentence | μμλμλλ°, κΉμΈμ§μ μ°λ¦¬λλΌμ κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯μ μ κ³ μν€λ λ°©μμΌλ‘ κ΅ μ κΈμ΅μΌν°μ μ‘μ±μ μ μνμλ€. | 481 | null | translation | At the outset, Kim Se-jin proposed the development of international financial centers as a means to enhance South Korea's financial competitiveness. | {} | {} |
pos-1083 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 482 | null | sentence | μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμ κ²½μ νμ μ§λ¬Έμ βμ΄λ€ κ²½μ λ³μκ° ν κ΅κ°μ κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯ κ³Ό κ°μ₯ κ΄λ ¨μ΄ κΉμκ°?βμ΄λ€. | 482 | null | translation | The economic question of this paper is, "Which economic variables are most closely related to a countryβs financial competitiveness?" | {} | {} |
pos-1084 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 483 | 0 | sentence_chunk | ν κ΅κ°κ° κ΅μ κΈμ΅μΌ ν°λ₯Ό κ°μ§κ³ μλ€λ κ²μ κ·Έλ§νΌ κ΅μ μ μΌλ‘ κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯μ΄ λλ€λ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μν μ μλλ°, μ΄ | 483 | 1 | sentence_chunk | λ
Όλ¬Έμμλ κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯μ μν₯μ μ£Όλ λ³μλ€μ μ€μ¦μ μΌλ‘ λ°νμΌ λ‘μ¨ ν₯ν κΈμ΅νλΈ μΆμ§μ λ΅μ λμμ΄ λκ³ μ νλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1085 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 483 | null | sentence | ν κ΅κ°κ° κ΅μ κΈμ΅μΌ ν°λ₯Ό κ°μ§κ³ μλ€λ κ²μ κ·Έλ§νΌ κ΅μ μ μΌλ‘ κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯μ΄ λλ€λ κ²μΌλ‘ ν΄μν μ μλλ°, μ΄ λ
Όλ¬Έμμλ κΈμ΅κ²½μλ ₯μ μν₯μ μ£Όλ λ³μλ€μ μ€μ¦μ μΌλ‘ λ°νμΌ λ‘μ¨ ν₯ν κΈμ΅νλΈ μΆμ§μ λ΅μ λμμ΄ λκ³ μ νλ€. | 483 | null | translation | The fact that a country possesses international financial centers can be interpreted as an indication of its higher international financial competitiveness, and this paper aims to contribute to future financial hub development strategies by empirically identifying the variables that influence financial competitiveness. | {} | {} |
pos-1086 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 483 | 0 | translation_chunk | The fact that a country possesses international financial centers can be interpreted as an indication of its | 483 | 1 | translation_chunk | higher international financial competitiveness, and this paper aims to contribute to future financial hub | {} | {} |
pos-1087 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 483 | 0 | translation_chunk | The fact that a country possesses international financial centers can be interpreted as an indication of its | 483 | 2 | translation_chunk | development strategies by empirically identifying the variables that influence financial competitiveness. | {} | {} |
pos-1088 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 483 | 1 | translation_chunk | higher international financial competitiveness, and this paper aims to contribute to future financial hub | 483 | 2 | translation_chunk | development strategies by empirically identifying the variables that influence financial competitiveness. | {} | {} |
pos-1089 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 484 | null | sentence | κ°λ°λΉ μμμ°¨μ μΈμ μ μΈμ λν μ°κ΅¬ | 484 | null | translation | A study on incentives to recognize development cost impairment losses | {} | {} |
pos-1090 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 485 | null | sentence | λΉμμ₯κΈ°μ
μ μ΄μ΅μ‘°μ μ±ν₯κ³Ό λΆμ±μ‘°λ¬μ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬ | 485 | null | translation | A study on profit management propensity and debt financing of unlisted companies | {} | {} |
pos-1091 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 486 | null | sentence | μμμ°¨μμ μΈμμ΄ κΈ°μ
νΉμ±κ³Ό μ¬λλ°μμ‘μ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯ | 486 | null | translation | Impact of recognition of impairment losses on corporate characteristics and discretionary accruals | {} | {} |
pos-1092 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 487 | null | sentence | μ€μ μ΄μ΅μ‘°μ μ΄ λ°μ κ³Ό λ―Έλ μμ΅μ±μ κ΄ν μ°κ΅¬ | 487 | null | translation | A study on the reversal of actual profit adjustments and future profitability | {} | {} |
pos-1093 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 488 | null | sentence | μμ
κΆ μμμ°¨μ μΈμκ³Ό κ²½μμ μμΈ‘μ 보μ μλ°μ 곡μμ λν μ°κ΅¬ | 488 | null | translation | A study on goodwill impairment loss recognition and voluntary disclosure of managerial forecast information | {} | {} |
pos-1094 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 489 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μμμ°¨μμ μΈμν κΈμ‘μ΄ λμ’
μ
μ’
μ νκ· λ³΄λ€ λ§μ κΈ°μ
μ λΆμ±λΉμ¨μ΄ λμμλ‘ | 489 | 1 | sentence_chunk | μ΄ μ΅μ 5% μ μμμ€μμ μμ μν₯ μ΄μ΅μ‘°μ μ νλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1095 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 489 | null | sentence | μμμ°¨μμ μΈμν κΈμ‘μ΄ λμ’
μ
μ’
μ νκ· λ³΄λ€ λ§μ κΈ°μ
μ λΆμ±λΉμ¨μ΄ λμμλ‘ μ΄ μ΅μ 5% μ μμμ€μμ μμ μν₯ μ΄μ΅μ‘°μ μ νλ κ²μΌλ‘ λνλ¬λ€. | 489 | null | translation | It was found that in companies where the amount of impairment loss recognized is higher than the average of the same industry, the higher the debt ratio, the higher the profit adjustment, which is positive at the 5% significance level. | {} | {} |
pos-1096 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 489 | 0 | translation_chunk | It was found that in companies where the amount of impairment loss recognized is higher than the average of the same | 489 | 1 | translation_chunk | industry, the higher the debt ratio, the higher the profit adjustment, which is positive at the 5% significance level. | {} | {} |
pos-1097 | 1 | positive | sentence_chunk_internal | 490 | 0 | sentence_chunk | μΆκ°κ²μ¦μμλ μμμ°¨μμ΄ λμ’
μ
μ’
νκ· λ³΄λ€ λ§μ κ²½μ° μ΄μ΅μ μν₯ μ‘°μ λλ | 490 | 1 | sentence_chunk | νν₯ μ‘°μ λμ§λ§ μ΄λ‘ μΈν΄ κ²½μμκ° λ²μΈμΈλΆλ΄μ‘κΉμ§ μ‘°μ νλμ§λ₯Ό λΆμνμλ€. | {} | {} |
pos-1098 | 1 | positive | sentence_translation | 490 | null | sentence | μΆκ°κ²μ¦μμλ μμμ°¨μμ΄ λμ’
μ
μ’
νκ· λ³΄λ€ λ§μ κ²½μ° μ΄μ΅μ μν₯ μ‘°μ λλ νν₯ μ‘°μ λμ§λ§ μ΄λ‘ μΈν΄ κ²½μμκ° λ²μΈμΈλΆλ΄μ‘κΉμ§ μ‘°μ νλμ§λ₯Ό λΆμνμλ€. | 490 | null | translation | In additional verification, if the impairment loss is higher than the industry average, profit is adjusted upward or downward, but it was analyzed whether this also causes management to adjust the corporate tax burden. | {} | {} |
pos-1099 | 1 | positive | translation_chunk_internal | 490 | 0 | translation_chunk | In additional verification, if the impairment loss is higher than the industry average, profit is adjusted | 490 | 1 | translation_chunk | upward or downward, but it was analyzed whether this also causes management to adjust the corporate tax burden. | {} | {} |
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