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In the recent millennium, the constant trend of change in the demands of the community as well as transforming the trend of knowledge production has highlighted the necessity for researchers to adopt a more comprehensive approach . Increasingly, many academic disciplines are utilizing qualitative research (qr) as the q... |
Since the discovery of penicillin in 1928 by a scottish scientist alexander fleming followed by the release of many other earlier drugs onto the market to treat infection, the development of drug resistance in various sectors including aquaculture has been reported [13]. The misuse and abuse of the antimicrobial drugs ... |
With an incidence rate of 0.92%, maternal puerperal lower extremity nerve injuries are rare . Lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy (meralgia paraesthetica) is the most common, followed by femoral neuropathy . Nerve injuries are more likely to occur in nulliparae, in cases of prolonged stages of labour and assisted vagi... |
Haemotropic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are bacterial organisms without cell walls that attach to and grow on the surface of red blood cells . Three feline haemoplasma species are described: mycoplasma haemofelis (mhf), candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum (cmhm), and candidatus mycoplasma turicensis (cmt). These feline h... |
In a case - control study, 140 patients including two equal groups of traumatic due to traffic injuries and non - traumatic patients were evaluated . Using the persian version of the conners adult adhd rating scale (caars) self - report (screening version) the study was performed in two university hospitals in tabriz, ... |
Crh is a 41-amino - acid peptide hormone synthesized in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus . Its function in the central nervous system is to stimulate the hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal (hpa) axis as part of the stress response . Crh is also produced in peripheral tissues including the placenta of hum... |
The three compounds lincomycin (a natural antibiotic produced by streptomyces lincolnensis and discovered in 1961), clindamycin, and pirlimycin (two semi - synthetic derivatives of lincomycin) comprise a group of clinically important antibiotics known as lincosamides . The structure of lincomycin (fig . 1a) can be divi... |
The rising prevalence of alzheimer s disease and related dementias (henceforth referred to as dementia) is emerging as a leading global health system challenge . Effective early diagnosis and management models are required to mitigate its impact on patients, caregivers, and health - care systems . Enhancing primary car... |
Symptomatic supravesical obstructive uropathy in a patient with dual functioning kidneys is classically characterized by bilateral hydroureters / hydronephrosis and an empty urinary bladder . This obstruction may be secondary to metastatic abdomino - pelvic and retroperitoneal malignancies, ureteric calculi and retrope... |
In 1985, smith pioneered phage display technology, an in vitro methodology and system for presenting, selecting and evolving proteins and peptides displayed on the surface of phage virion . Since then, phage display has developed rapidly and become an increasingly popular tool for both basic research such as the explor... |
Reversible focal lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum (scc) have been found in patients with various conditions including seizures, antiepileptic drug toxicity or withdrawal, viral encephalitis, hypoglycemia, wernicke's encephalopathy, marchiafava - bignami disease, sympathomimetic - induced kaleidoscopic vis... |
As is the most common cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in children and adults . It is most common type of valvular heart disease in europe and north america, occurring in 27% of the population over 65 years of age . Medical therapy alone is not effective for the long - term management of aortic valve disea... |
The various blood cell lineages in mammals arise from a multipotent haematopoietic stem cell via particular differentiation pathways . One of these pathways, erythropoiesis, leads to the production of red blood cells (rbcs), which transport oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body by means of the intracellular metallo... |
He had a left ventricular ejection fraction of 42% and regional wall motion abnormalities compatible with multi - vessel territories . Coronary angiography findings revealed total occlusion at the proximal left anterior descending artery (lad), 50 - 75% stenosis at the mid to distal left circumflex artery, and 90% sten... |
Multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic progressive inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of human central nervous system (cns) which usually affects young adults, with a reported median age of onset of approximately 30 years.1 in approximately 85% of patients with ms, the disease is initially recognized by a relapsi... |
Several imaging modalities including pa, occlusal and panoramic radiography, cone beam computed tomography (cbct) and ct are used before and after implant treatment as well as in the maintenance sessions . After successful implant placement, periapical radiography is usually a suitable imaging modality for long - term ... |
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ugib) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity accounting for about 56.5/100,000 hospitalization with a mortality rate of 8.2% . Aorto - esophageal fistula (aef), an abnormal anatomical communication between the aorta and esophagus is a rare cause of ugib . As the thoracic aneurysm g... |
The discovery of the silicon pn junction is a landmark in the development of modern microelectronics . Silicon and other inorganic semiconductors are the predominant materials in electronic manufacturing today; however, the development of organic - based electronic components has been a focus of intensive research and ... |
In june 2014, a 61-year - old female was admitted to keimyung university dongsan medical center because of a severe dry cough that had lasted for over 20 days . According to her medical history, she had undergone a hysterectomy in 2005, and the pathologic diagnosis was leiomyoma of the uterus . In 2006, chest computed ... |
Copd is a common, usually progressive disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways and persistent airflow limitation . Its prevalence is increasing worldwide, and it is expected to be the third largest global cause of mortality by the year 2030.1 in japan, a large epidemiological study (the nippon copd ... |
The human cytomegalovirus (cmv) or human herpesvirus 5 is one of the major causes of congenital infections . Its clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic forms (90% of cases) to severe fetal damage and, in rare cases, death due to abortion . Furthermore, 10%15% of the children who are asymptomatic at birth may d... |
Bladder cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed genitourinary malignancy in the usa, with an estimated 74,000 newly diagnosed cases and 16,000 deaths in 2015 . The incidence of bladder cancer rises with age, peaking between age 50 and 70 years, and is three times more common in men than in women . Commonly accepte... |
Personalized medicine is defined by the use of genomic signatures of patients to assign effective therapies in order to achieve the best medical outcomes for individual patients, thus improving public health . Despite the variety of clinical, morphological, and molecular parameters used to classify human malignancies, ... |
In the last decade, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (pgd) has become an important alternative to prenatal diagnosis for couples at high risk of transmitting inherited disorders to their children . Fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) has been offered for gender selection in x - linked diseases (1, 2), chromosoma... |
Musculoskeletal stiffness and limited range of motion (rom) can restrict functional joint movement, particularly during ankle supination following neurological diseases1 . Ankle dorsiflexion rom restrictions impair dynamic balance and gait, which may contribute to secondary injuries; reduced ankle rom and tight calf mu... |
Renal tubular involvement in sjgren's syndrome (ss) usually manifests with fanconi syndrome, distal (type 1) renal tubular acidosis (rta), nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and hypokalemia ., we describe a case a young female with ss who presented with features of gitelman syndrome and hypokalemic paralysis . A 29-year -... |
Inadequate organization has been identified as an important cause of inappropriate courses of treatment for patients in the health care system [1, 2]. A response to this challenge has been to focus on integrated health care and co - ordination between the actors involved in the process [37]. An illustrative example of ... |
Alzheimer s disease (ad) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder starting with mild memory loss and manifesting in severe cognitive decline . Neuropathologically, the disease is characterized by an extensive deposition of amyloid (a) peptides in extracellular amyloid plaques and by intracellular neurofibrillary tan... |
The union rate and hardware - related complications remain a major concern in these patients, especially following multilevel spinal fusion surgeries . Developing an adjunct therapy that essentially supplements the mainstay surgical management is of great importance to these patients . Multitudinous research to gain in... |
According to the world health organization's recent update, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are one of the top five continuing risk factors for cardiovascular deaths in the world . Obesity is increasing substantially and is one of the major contributors of disease prevalence due to its pathophysiological link to ot... |
Balance is very important in daily activities of the elderly and greatly affects their quality of life . Due to age - related changes, balance ability deteriorates . Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease that causes severe pain in elderly patients with low pain thresholds . Research has shown that it results in a hi... |
, medulloblastomas can be classified in 4 different molecular subtypes: wnt, shh, group 3 and group 4 . Each of these molecular subtypes has specific underlying molecular features, gene expression, demographic characteristics and prognosis . Sonic hedgehog (shh) medulloblastomas are characterized by activation of the h... |
A 33-year - old woman, (gravida 3, para 2), at 34 weeks of gestation, presented with episodes of lightheadedness, and dyspnea . She was asymptomatic until 18 weeks of gestation, when she started having episodes of palpitations associated with presyncope . Initially, the episodes were infrequent (less than once per day)... |
Common sources include backyard burning, incineration of plastics, and chlorine bleaching of pulp in paper mills . Documented health effects include acute and chronic effects, including chloracne, various types of cancers, reproductive diseases, circulatory and respiratory diseases, and diabetes . The traditional appro... |
Among dermatological disorders, erythematous dermatitis, or eczema, and psoriasis are the most common.1 dermatitis is defined as a superficial skin inflammation, characterized by poorly delimited erythema, and usually itchy crusts and scales.2 conventional measures to prevent eczema include avoidance of irritants and p... |
Cell lines, cultures and transfections: a madin - darby bovine kidney cell line (mdbk) (hsrrb, osaka, japan) was cultured in dulbecco s modified eagle s medium (dmem) with 10% fetal calf serum (fcs). A human cervical carcinoma cell line (hela) (riken cell bank, tsukuba, japan) was cultured as described in previous stud... |
Folic acid modification of magnetic nanoparticles could be used to facilitate uptake to specific cancer cells for cancer therapy and diagnosis . Our results showed that the uptake of folic - acid modified nanoparticles by 5rp7 cancer cells was also much higher than that of 3t3 cells . This modification can be used for ... |
This is a retrospective cross - sectional survey involving students at the higher institute of sport and physical education in the city of sfax . Data on age, weight, height, and smoking habits are collected routinely when students join the institute, and then the sport in which the student is injured in the low back i... |
In modern society, health is a n important component, which requires sustained development (1). In recent decades, a person s health has become one of the most important human rights among social groups throughout the world (2). The meaning of health has been extended beyond borders, and different definitions have emer... |
However, proper amount of daily water intake in a healthy individual is controversial . There is a prevalent thought that we all have to drink eight glasses of water daily, we try to clarify this topic from the perspective of avicenna and traditional persian medicine (tpm). The most important traditional persian medica... |
A 34year - old male presented for general examination on day 49 of a 50-day self - imposed fast, seeking approval to continue his fasting behavior . During this period, the patient reported only consuming water, tea, coffee (with no milk or sugar), and a daily multivitamin tablet (centrum performance; pfizer). Patient ... |
Tangential tractions on the vitreomacular interface are usually responsible for the development of idiopathic macular holes . The prevalence is 3.3/1000 and it shows a strong female predominance.1 in the past, it was known as a rare, untreatable disorder leading to central loss of vision . In 1991, kelly and wendel2 re... |
The study included 340 whites from italy with type 2 diabetes (according to american diabetes association 2003 criteria) and coronary artery disease (cad), as indicated by previous myocardial infarction (mi) or> 50% stenosis of at least one major vessel at coronary angiography, or both . These individuals were cases of... |
In the past two decades, molecular biology research has revealed the intimate mechanisms of epidemiologically significant diseases, such as cancer, infections and immunological disorders . As the next step beyond seeking the mechanisms involved, scientists are now increasingly making it possible to regulate human biolo... |
The wilms' tumor suppressor gene (wt1), located at chromosome 11p13, has 10 exons, spans -50 kb, and encodes a zinc - finger - transcription factor presumed to regulate the expression of numerous target genes through dna binding (1). Wt1 was initially identified as a gene inactivated in wilms' tumor, although the estim... |
Titanium dioxide (tio2) is a component of many sunscreens, soaps, shampoos, toothpastes, cosmetics, paper products, plastics, ink, paint, and building materials 1 in both its bulk form and its nanoform . It is also used in human food as a colorant and inactive ingredient, where it can also be present in both forms 1, 2... |
We report 2 patients infected with panton - valentine leukocidin (pvl)positive mrsa t034 . Each patient had a medical history typical of that reported for community - acquired mrsa of other lineages, which in most cases are pvl positive (8). The first patient, a previously healthy 36-year - old male physiotherapist, so... |
The selective melatonin receptor agonism effect of ramelteon is useful for insomnia.1) here we wanted to present a refractory chronic migraine case, who had significant improvements in migraine after using ramelteon . The precipitating factors were the stress, increase in physical activities and sudden cold weather . T... |
It was previously suggested that atherothrombotic infarction (ati) and lacunar infarction (li), as two different subtypes of ischemic stroke, might also differ in the set of the relevant risk factors, with ati being more associated to the atherogenic risk factors in contrast to li . . However, decreased insulin sensiti... |
The formation of spores is a survival mechanism of microorganisms when exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions (e.g., heavy metal stress, nutrient limitations) leading to a dormant or resting growth state [1, 2]. A variety of bacteria identified in diverse habitats including soil is able to form endospores . Th... |
Alzheimer's disease (ad) is a common neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system . The pathological features of ad include senile plaques formed by extracellular amyloid (a) aggregation, neurofibrillary tangles formed by abnormal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, synaptic impairments, and neu... |
Cvds are the leading causes of death in diabetic patients and the substantial rise in diabetes prevalence will ultimately lead to an increase in the burden of diabetes - related cvd in coming decades . Among the cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart disease is the most frequent [5, 6] and is associated with the highe... |
Arrhythmias can develop from intraatrial invasion, which can also lead to massive pericardial effusion and tamponade . If the tumor mass is located in the left atrium or ventricle, embolic infarction might occur . A 55-year - old man presented signs of progressive cardiac decompensation during the last 4 months due to ... |
Cannabis is a prominent political, health, and law enforcement issue in north america that is currently receiving a great deal of attention . As we watch the effects of the legalization of cannabis in colorado, washington, alaska, oregon, and the district of columbia, other jurisdictions are debating the future of this... |
Hypertension (htn) is the most common comorbidity in the world with significant public health implications [1, 2]. The overall u.s . Prevalence of hypertension among adults ages 18 years in 20052008 was 30.9% and was highest among persons ages 65 years (69.7%) and non - hispanic blacks (44%). The american heart associa... |
Radiological investigations and therapeutics have become an integral part of the management of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (icu). Patients admitted to the icu routinely undergo bedside imaging procedures such as chest radiographs for diagnosing heart, lung and other pathology, and for confirmatio... |
Despite the huge burden of hepatitis b worldwide, with an estimated 350 million people chronically infected, very few patients in low- and middle - income countries are currently receiving antiviral treatment . This is largely to blame on lack of access to viral load quantification, because this is considered a mandato... |
The patient was a 41-week - gestational - age infant girl with a birth weight of 3300 g. after an uneventful pregnancy, the patient was delivered spontaneously and healthy until this episode . At 35 days of age, the patient was admitted to our hospital with a one - day history of anorexia, vomiting and recurrent diarrh... |
The term presbyopia derives from greek for old eyes and refers to the age - related loss of natural accommodation and resulting reduction of baseline near vision around the age of 40 years . As people continue to work and stay active later in life than ever before, their need for quality vision at both near and distanc... |
Enteric duplications (eds) are uncommon anomalies that can occur at any point of the gastrointestinal tract . The small intestine is the most common location; retroperitoneum is an extremely rare site . In general, diagnosed in the neonatal period or during infancy, they are increasingly diagnosed prenatally; early pre... |
Albert hoffa first described this fracture in 1904.1 these fractures usually involve the lateral femoral condyle . Bicondylar hoffa fracture involving both the femoral condyles is a rare injury and has anecdotally been reported in the literature [table 1].234567 most reported cases of bicondylar hoffa fracture have two... |
, neither buccolingual width nor angulation can be properly visualized on the most traditional radiographs . In the following case report, an innovative simplified method without radiation is used to fabricate a three - dimensional model to assess the available bone for implant placement in the mandible . Even a minor ... |
The use of ergotamines causing ischemia of peripheral vessels has been reported, particularly in patients with peripheral vascular disease . Ischemic bowel induced by ergotamines is a much rarer event, with few documented cases in the literature . While colitis is always on the differential diagnosis of hospital patien... |
We analyzed all 140 mrsa isolates we obtained during a previous study (2) and 50 other isolates selected from our collection of nosocomial mrsa isolates obtained in 2003 . Characteristics of these 190 isolates are shown in table 1 . * ni, nosocomial infection acquired at national taiwan university hospital (ntuh); nc, ... |
Acute embolic limb ischemia is an urgent clinical condition in which sudden decrease or worsening in limb perfusion causes a potential threat to extremity viability and to life . Thorough removal of all occlusive emboli in the arterial tree results in the best outcomes; hence, some authors favored arteriography after e... |
Emphysematous gastritis, which was first described by fraenkel in 1889 (1), is a rare disease characterized by the presence of air within the wall of the stomach and diffuse gastric wall inflammation by gas - forming bacteria, which may be also life - threatening due to systemic toxicity . Predisposing factors include ... |
In accordance with the 1997 documents of the world health organization (who), amoebiasis is the infection by the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica with or without clinical manifestations . The only known natural host of e. histolytica is the human body with the large intestine as the major target organ . This pa... |
Engaging in high levels of physical activity is a key strategy for successful maintenance of weight loss . A study of nearly 4,000 participants in the national weight control registry (nwcr), the largest longitudinal study of successful weight loss maintainers, indicated participants expend 2,621 2,252 kcal per week th... |
Recently we reported on an analysis of the infrared spectrum of c2f4 . By observation of many combination and difference bands, including many from two c - containing isotopologues, and by comparison with mp2 and density - functional calculations, all 12 fundamentals could be assigned, although only five are ir active ... |
Cytomegalovirus (cmv) is one of the most common congenital viral infections in many regions . In the united states it occurs in 0.51% of live births, or approximately 40,000 infants annually . The manifestations of cmv infection cover a broad spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to severe systemic disease resulting in si... |
. There have been significant achievements regarding to the millennium development goals (mdgs) as a global development target . The indicators showed reflection of these achievements, such as decreasing global poverty rate, increasing the number of children going to school, decreasing child death rate, increasing acce... |
Walking is one of the recommended modes of exercise for obese individuals because of its merits in terms of safety, accessibility, and popularity, as well as proven efficacy in weight management1, 2 . However, walking over a terrain of repetitive uphill and downhill inclines in activities such as mountain climbing can ... |
Periampullary diverticula (pad) refer to extraluminal outpouchings of duodenal mucosa that develop within the radius of 2 to 3 cm from the ampulla of vater (1). Pad are largely asymptomatic but they sometimes can cause both pancreaticobiliary and non - pancreaticobiliary complications . Rarely, obstructive jaundice can... |
Body mass index is a simple index of weight for height that is frequently used in the assessment of nutritional status . A low bmi, or underweight status, is often associated with an increased risk of mortality in seriously ill or hospitalized older adults [1, 2]. Conversely, a high bmi, indicative of overweight or obe... |
Environmental factors play a major role in the etiology of cancers, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases . These factors are diverse in nature and include diet, drugs, cosmetics, household chemicals, pollutants, or infectious agents . Exposures to these factors vary widely between populations, and between... |
The aspergilli are filamentous fungi, which are multicellular eukaryotes with a relatively simple life cycle . Many of them have long been used in food production, industrial fermentation, and agriculture . On the other hand, a few, such as a. fumigatus, a. flavus, a. niger, a. nidulans, and a. terreus, are opportunist... |
In patients with hf, increased raas contributes to the pathogenesis, and ace inhibitors reduce the activity of the raas by inhibiting the production of angiotensin ii . Two benchmark randomized controlled trials, namely the cooperative north scandinavian enalapril survival study7 and the studies of left ventricular dys... |
Indian population representing one - sixth of the world population has been the global melting pot of human diversity . It has all the world s major linguistic groups and the populations have been shaped by different waves of migrations and admixture (1, 2). Further, stringent mating patterns have led to the existence ... |
Coronary artery disease (cad) remains the principal cause of mortality and morbidity around the world [1, 2]. Although the mechanisms are still not entirely resolved, previous studies have demonstrated that an imbalance between t - helper 1- (th1-) mediated and th2-mediated immune functions contributes to the developme... |
Sedation is often required in young children in order to obtain good diagnostic cross - sectional imaging like computed tomography scan (ct scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (mri). Sometimes sedation is also needed for older children with complex neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism and attention deficit hyp... |
Exposure of ultraviolet (uv) irradiation to the skin causes acute and chronic detrimental cutaneous effects, which may result in photocarcinogenesis [17]. Native human melanin includes eumelanin and pheomelanin that contains sulfur, and eumelanin has been found in almost every type of human skin [8, 9]. In the skin, me... |
Bezoars are masses formed by the condensation of debris or stomach contents in the gastrointestinal tract . There are four major types of bezoars: a trichobezoar consists of hair, a phytobezoar of vegetable and fruit residues, a lactobezoar is formed from dairy products, a pharmacobezoar is caused by medications . A hi... |
Mosquito samples were collected in vietnam in 2002 . Each species was separated and pooled, and each mosquito pool was then homogenized and centrifuged . The supernatant was filtrated through a 0.22-m filter and then inoculated onto a monolayer c6/36 mosquito cell culture and subsequently incubated at 28c for 7 days . ... |
Clozapine remains an ultimate option for patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia (kane 2012). Efficacy of clozapine against positive symptoms of schizophrenia was confirmed in numerous studies and meta - analyses (chakos et al . 2001), including analysis published by the cochrane library (asenjo lobos et al . H... |
It is widely accepted that mutation is the main causal factor for diverse tumorigenesis [1, 2]. The recent development of next - generation sequencing (ngs) technologies has revolutionized the speed and throughput of dna sequencing, which facilitates the discovery of new driver mutations . For example, the arid1a gene ... |
Echocardiographic measurements were performed in 19992001 (baseline) and 20072009 (follow - up) examinations of the hoorn study . The hoorn study is a population - based cohort study on glucose metabolism and cardiovascular diseases, previously described in detail (10). At baseline, 290 individuals with normal glucose ... |
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pnet), a highly aggressive tumor of the kidney is a rare malignancy with only few cases being reported in literature . Boys and men are more likely to suffer rpnet (renal pnet), and the sex ratio (male: female) is about 3:1 . It usually presents at an advanced stage, with distant metast... |
Female sex workers (fsws) are at high risk of hiv infection and transmission . A systematic review conducted in over 25 countries with medium and high hiv prevalence indicated that 36.9% of sex workers in sub - saharan africa were hiv positive with some countries having hiv prevalence as high as 70.7% . Despite this hi... |
The acquired alexias may be categorized into posterior, anterior, central and deep alexias . Analagous to semantic paraphasias, semantic paralexias constitute the substitution of content related words during reading . Unlike the analogous subcortical aphasias such as thalamic aphasia, subcortical syndromes of alexia ha... |
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (pvr) remains the major complication after retinal detachment surgery [13]. Pvr was identified as an independent clinical entity in 1983 by the retina society terminology committee and a classification was created, based on the condition formerly named massive vitreous traction or massiv... |
The number of total joint arthroplasties (tjas) performed has increased steadily in recent years, with projected numbers for the coming years rising further . Consequently according to recent data, peri - prosthetic joint infection (pji) incidence constitutes between approximately 0.3% and 1.7% of all total hip arthrop... |
The use of sodium hypochlorite as toilet detergent is related to a red - brown urine discolouration in patients taking mesalamine.it seems that the red - brown discolouration relates to a harmless reaction.polymerisation of mesalamine and/or metabolites could be a theoretical mechanism of this discolouration . The exac... |
Diabetic retinopathy (dr) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in developed countries . The decrease in vision is due to diabetic macular edema (dme) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (pdr) [1, 2]. The control of the blood glucose level, vitreous surgery, and photocoagulation are the major treatme... |
A 21-year - old caucasian woman presented to an outside facility with altered mental status after being found lethargic by family . On arrival to the emergency department, plasma glucose was 20 mg / dl . The patient was hospitalized and started on dextrose infusion, including 10% dextrose in water but remained hypoglyc... |
Obstructive sleep apnea (osa) is a common public health problem worldwide and it has been shown to be associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular complications such as death, stroke, or myocardial infarction . The 2014 american heart association / american stroke association guideline recommends that patie... |
Triple - negative breast cancer (tnbc) is characterized by absence of expression of the estrogen (er) and progesterone receptors (pr) and no human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2)/neu gene amplification [1, 2]. Unlike hormone receptor - positive and her2-overexpressing breast cancers, tnbc is unresponsive to e... |
In humans, type i interferons are encoded by ~16 genes and individual genes encoding,, and . Their gene products are highly structurally related and all bind to a single receptor (ifnar) consisting of heterodimeric r1 and r2 subunits . In contrast, ifn- consists of 3 genes, ifn-1, 2 and 3 (formally, il-29, il-28a and i... |
For patients with operable breast cancer, the major prognostic determinant is whether there has or has not been spread to the axilla and the number of involved axillary nodes . Initially it was suggested that breast cancer first spreads locoregionally via lymphatics to the axillary lymph nodes and then metastasises mor... |
Labor wellbeing refers to all efforts of employers, trade unions, voluntary organizations, and governmental agencies, which help employees feel better and perform (work) better . It is a comprehensive term that refers to the physical, mental, moral, and emotional wellbeing of an individual including intra and extra mur... |
The clinical manifestation is typical and it is characterized by abduction of the affected arm, flexion of the elbow and pronation of the forearm . Bilateral luxatio erecta represents an extremely rare condition, and just a few cases were reported in medical literature . Because of a high incidence of related complicat... |
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