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Aniridia is a rare bilateral congenital malformation of iris due to neuro - ectodermal developmental defect secondary to a mutation in pax6 gene located on chromosome 11p13 . The incidence of aniridia is estimated to be 1 in 60,000 - 100,000 live births.1 it exists in both sporadic and familial form . It may occur in i... |
Astigmatism treatment has always been a challenge for ophthalmologists and has followed an evolutionary pathway over the years, with experience in several surgical procedures . Since the approval of the excimer laser in 1995 for use in reshaping the cornea, significant developments in treating refractive diseases like ... |
Elastosonography is an ultrasound based diagnosis which measures the elasticity or stiffness of the tissue . Compressibility of the tissue is a parameter evaluated by an elastogram and it is expressed as the change in tissue displacement as a function of its distance from the probe which is recognised as strain . Among... |
Midfoot fractures and dislocations are uncommon because of the intrinsic stability of the tarsal structure . The arthrodesis of the talonavicular joint and calcaneal - cuboid joint is technically complex in the presence of bone defect and there is a high incidence of nonunion . Furthermore, in the presence of large ski... |
Biological evolution is a complex process allowing species and organisms to try to resist the second law of thermodynamics . Over time, this has led to the evolution of increasingly sophisticated brains allowing organisms to adapt and survive longer by learning from experience and predicting future events . Yet, this i... |
A rare, potentially fatal and usually self - limiting adverse effect of therapy with enalapril, the angioedema, is always a challenging encounter for an intensive care specialist . The unpredictability of clinical course and the risk of airway compromise with not so high end airway management gears at hand make it more... |
The dosimetric accuracy of brachytherapy delivery is fundamental to the achievement of clinical treatment aims, tumour control and minimised normal tissue toxicity . As early as 1993 van dyk et al . Defined a requirement for brachytherapy treatment delivery of 3% accuracy in dose at distances of 0.5 cm or more at any p... |
In order to better respect the wishes of terminally ill patients about their medical treatment and to best protect their rights, the taiwan government passed a piece of legislation titled the hospice palliative care act in 2000 . In the same year, the taiwan national health insurance (nhi) program, which was created in... |
Reverse shoulder prosthesis is an excellent surgical option for patients with certain shoulder pathologies, of which rotator cuff arthropathy is one . One area where we are gaining a greater understanding is that of managing acromial pathology . Recent studies are showing that not all acromial pathology is a contraindi... |
As the extra - cellular domain of fz, mainly the wnt binding crd, is necessary and sufficient for the non - autonomous function of fz, we revisited these issues and asked systematically, whether and how wnts might function in drosophila pcp generation . Wg, dwnt4 and wnt6 are all expressed in identical patterns during ... |
Parkinson's disease (pd) affects neurological, physiological and psychological functions and quality of life (qol). Physical contributors such as dyskinesias, decreased mobility, fatigue and motor complications worsen qol . Psychological variables like depression correlate with reduced qol . Although treatments target ... |
Early preterm birth (defined as delivery before 32 weeks) is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality, and the determinant for these is known to be gestational age at birth (12). Among very preterm infants staying in the intensive care unit, the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), necrotizing enteroc... |
Radical cystectomy (rc) is the standard surgical treatment for clinically localized muscle - invasive bladder cancer (mibc). However, nearly 50% of patients with mibc develop metastases and die of bc . Such a high failure rate there are several factors to consider while offering perioperative chemotherapy to a patient ... |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all), while frequently diagnosed in children, can also be seen in adulthood . Patients with t - cell all and the m4 and m5 subtypes of acute myeloblastic leukemia are at a higher risk for extramedullary disease, including renal parenchymal involvement, which is the most frequent extramedul... |
A 72-year - old man presented with a two - week history of a red painful right eye . He was a soft contact lens wearer and wore his lenses for one month at a time, taking them out at the end of each day and disposing of the lenses at the end of the month . He had no past ocular, medical, or drug history of note . On ex... |
The uptake of large amounts of lipids from plasma lipoproteins via endocytosis by macrophages in the artery wall to form lipid - engorged foam cells is an important initiating event in the development of atherosclerosis, a major cause of heart disease . The main lipoprotein implicated is low - density lipoprotein (ldl)... |
Metabolic syndrome (ms) is a group of cardiovascular (cv) risk factors including abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high - density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl - c), dysglycemia, and high blood pressure (bp). Numerous studies have shown that a significant increase in systemic inflammatory markers, such as hig... |
There is a weakness in the spigelian fascia that gives rise to a spigelian hernia, and this may be either congenital or acquired . Spigelian hernias were named after the flemish anatomist, adrian van den spiegel, who was the first to describe the semilunar line . However, it was josef klinkosch who was credited for rec... |
In total, we collected 70 horse samples including two european - origin breeds (thoroughbred; n=4, selle franais; n=1), one south american - origin breed (criollo; n=5), three native japanese breeds, and a native korean breed . The japanese samples were from hokkaido (n=31), taishu (tsushima; n=20), and yonaguni (n=1).... |
Pilomatricoma usually appears in the first two decadesusually, an asymptomatic lesion with an occasional inflammation . Pilomatricoma usually appears in the first two decades usually, an asymptomatic lesion with an occasional inflammation . Usually, they present as a solitary nodule / cystic lesion distributed on head,... |
The potential use of the affected upper extremity of children with hemiplegia often fails due to learned non - use phenomenon . Constraint - induced movement therapy (cimt) is one of the treatment strategies which utilizes the principles of neural plasticity to help acquire motor skills of the affected upper extremity.... |
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (pi3k)/akt survival pathway functions upstream to positively regulate the activity of the mtor axis . Recent studies show that extracellular signal - regulated kinases 1/2 (erk1/2) and 90 kda ribosomal protein s6 kinase 2 (rsk2) also positively regulate mtorc1 through respective phosphoryl... |
The extracellular ph in all tissues is generally controlled within a narrow range (7.40.05) to maintain normal physiological processes . However, the extracellular ph can fall as low as ph 5.5 in several pathological conditions, including inflammation, ischemia / hypoxia, injury, and malignant tumors, and under normal ... |
Metabolic syndrome (mets) comprises a cluster of abnormalities, with insulin resistance and adiposity as central features [13]. Five diagnostic criteria for mets have been identified by the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel iii (ncep - atp iii), and the presence of any of these three features... |
Standard care for chronic hepatitis c (chc) has been a combination of pegylated interferon - alpha (peg - inf) and ribavirin, although this treatment has suboptimal antiviral efficacy and significant adverse events . Even in the latest treatment recommendation using novel direct acting antiviral agents, interferon (ifn... |
The most recent estimates indicate that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (asd) in the united states has raised to 1 in 54 boys and 1 in 252 girls . Although increased awareness and changes in diagnostic criteria have been proposed as the major contributors to this increased prevalence, as of today, the etiop... |
Bovine babesiosis, caused by babesia bigemina, is an important tick - borne disease in the tropical and subtropical counties, transmitted by rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus . India suffers losses of about 57.2 million us dollars annually due to babesiosis and anaplasmosis in livestock (mcleod and kristjanson 1999).... |
In modern society, more people spend long periods working at computers, and experience increased work - related neck and back discomfort1 . Remaining seated for long periods can cause problems for the spine, circulation, muscles, and joints2 . Prolonged sitting is a risk factor for low back pain (lbp)2 . Osullivan et a... |
Hyperpolarization - activated and cyclic nucleotide - gated (hcn) channels, first identified in 1976 in the heart by noma and irisawa and characterized by brown and difrancesco and weiss and his colleague, are cation channels that open when the membrane potential is hyperpolarized . The general structure of hcn channel... |
Recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma has a poor prognosis and is almost always fatal [1, 2]. The most frequent relapse site involves the peritoneal cavity and the infradiaphragmatic lymph nodes . Outside the abdomen, the most frequent metastatic sites are the pleura and the mediastinal lymph nodes [3, 4]. Although no... |
Stress is broadly defined as an actual or anticipated threat of well - being or disruption of organism homeostasis . Although the sensing and reaction to stress evolved to promote adaptation, modern workstyles and lifestyles represent challenges that render individuals susceptible to physical and mental disorders [25].... |
The chemistry of metallocenes rapidly expanded in the 1970s with organozircocene emerging as one of the most useful classes of transition metal derivatives for use in organic synthesis . One important reagent belonging to this class of organometallic compounds is the chlorobis(cyclopentadienyl)hydrido - zirconium 1, al... |
Systemic chemotherapy can lead to a variety of ocular complications, such as cicatricial ectropion, nasolacrimal duct stenosis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, cataract, macular edema, retinopathy, and optic neuropathy (1, 2). Although bulbar perforation with orbital cellulitis has been reported in an immunocompromised pati... |
Microleakage around resin composite restorations results from the formation of gaps where the restoration and the cavosurface margin of the natural tooth structure are joined . Gap formation may be related to shrinkage of the resin during polymerization and/or poor adhesion of dentin bonding agents between the dentin a... |
Cervical spine spondylolysis is the most commonly caused by high energy trauma to the upper cervical spine in the form of a " hangman's " fracture of c2 vertebrae7). However, congenital cervical spine spondylolysis is discovered by incidental radiographic finding, neck pain after minor trauma, a clunking or clicking ne... |
A major factor leading to cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients is vascular calcification, which causes vascular stiffness, higher pulse wave velocities, and elevated pulse pressures . It is thought that vascular calcification is caused by disrupted mineral metabolism and abnormal regulation of phosphorus and... |
Three villages (manduo, luoping, and tuofeng; figure) in tengchong county, located in the westernmost part of yunnan province, were selected for study because of their 20112013 malaria incidence, ecologic features related to malaria transmission (i.e., altitude and proportion of land used for rice cultivation), and hou... |
Diabetes represents a challenging health issue in the 21st century with a growing incidence estimated to be 381.8 million patients globally in 2013 and high morbidity and mortality rates . Though population data are often scarce, the african continent is expected to bear the most important burden of diabetes during the... |
The visual system is a well - developed sensory organ that involves effortless complex interaction between the visual organ and the brain . It involves physiological and a series of hierarchical neural processes from the photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells, the lateral geniculate nuclei (lgn) of the thalamus, and th... |
Acute myocarditis is associated with various electrocardiogram (ecg) alterations, including st - t changes, q - waves, atrioventricular- and intraventricular - conduction delays, atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and low voltage . Fulminant myocarditis with ventricular arrhythmia or atrioventricular block is asso... |
Brachytherapy can be considered the ultimate conformal therapy in the armamentarium of radiation therapy techniques . It implements sophisticated tools for applicator placement, dose optimization and delivery, but its inherent physical charateristics (internal sources, rapid fall - off of the dose and gradient generati... |
Foot - and - mouth disease (fmd) is a highly infectious disease of cloven - hoofed animals . The causative agent, foot - and - mouth disease virus (fmdv), is a member of the genus aphthovirus within the family picornaviridae and has seven serotypes: o, a, c, asia1, and southern african territories (sat) 1, sat2, and sa... |
L.c.c . Owns equity in, receives compensation from, and serves on the board of directors and scientific advisory board of agios pharmaceut - icals . Agios pharmaceuticals is identifying metabolic pathways of cancer 135 cells and developing drugs to inhibit such enzymes in order to disrupt tumor cell growth and survival... |
This study was a case - control that was conducted in isfahan; groups included 33 transurethral resection of the prostate (turp) patients (group a) and 33 patients who underwent open prostatectomy (group b); the cases were interviewed from 12 weeks to 12 months after undergoing surgery (a total of 66 patients in case g... |
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (adem) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (cns). Etiopathogenesis is thought to be immune mediated, because in up to three - fourths of the cases; it follows an antecedent infection or immunization . Currently for adem, magnetic resonance imaging (m... |
Colonic necrosis has been described as a rare complication after the administration of kayexalate [1, 2]. In this case study, we present a case of calcium polystyrene sulfonate - induced colonic necrosis and perforation to remind clinicians of this rare, but dangerous, toxicity associated with this commonly used medica... |
Intra - articular injections of corticosteroids have been used for several decades in the management of inflammatory and degenerative joint conditions when first - line conservative therapies such as rest, ice, and anti - inflammatory medications fail to provide adequate symptom relief . Based in part on this long hist... |
Development of spontaneous pneumopericardium is a very rare complication of tuberculosis with coexisting human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection . To the best of our knowledge only three cases of pneumopericardium with pulmonary tuberculosis concomitant with hiv infection[13] have been reported so far . A 30-year ... |
Complication following fracture of a central venous catheter can be catastrophic to both the patient and the attending doctor . Catheter fracture has been attributed to several factors namely prolong mechanical force acting on the catheter, and forceful removal or insertion of the catheter . The tip of the catheter was... |
Whole - cell patch clamp recordings from the ca1 region of rat hippocampal slices were performed using electrode placement as mentioned . Slices were prepared from rats of both sexes, aged 25 to 40 days, and maintained using standard procedures . Rats were decapitated under halothane anesthesia, and the brains rapidly ... |
Caudal regression syndrome (crs) is a rare disorder of distal spinal segments affecting the development of the spinal cord, with attendant sequelae . The exact etiology is elusive, though maternal diabetes, genetic factors, and hypoperfusion might play roles . We report late presentation of crs in a 9 year old with sco... |
The prevalence of alzheimer s disease or senile dementia, in citizens over 65 years old has been implicated to increase from 8.8% in 2010 to 9.7% in 2020, 11.2% in 2040, and 13.2% in 20501 . Currently, the understanding of dementia is increasing, and therapies and interventions are being developed . The concept of mili... |
Motor and sensory functioning, cognitive functioning, autonomic functioning, as well as emotional and social functioning all depend on anatomic and physiological integrity of the neural networks . This integrity may be disturbed by numerous factors, varying from intrinsic brain disease to mood disorders and from metabo... |
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has continued to rise worldwide with the latest estimation by the international diabetes federation that, by the year 2040, one in 10 adults or 642 million people will have diabetes . Tackling its rise and the health burden arising from the disease is a major challenge to almost all ... |
An unfortunate consequence of the childhood and adolescent obesity epidemic is the emergence of metabolic syndrome, a condition that was historically seen in adults . Thirty percent of obese adolescents in the united states meet criteria for metabolic syndrome and the prevalence is increasing . Consistent with adult ra... |
It is caused by trauma, stress, sepsis, adrenal tumors, anticoagulation, hemorrhagic disorders and pregnancy . Idiopathic adrenal hematoma. The symptoms vary from subclinical to clinical, such as nausea, abdominal pain, fever and hypotension due to circulatory collapse . Adrenal tumors associated with hemorrhage primar... |
Perceived health is a subjective assessment that people make about their own health state and it is an indicator of overall health status.1 it is included as one of the world health organization (who) health targets . Perceived health status is not a substitute for more objective health outcomes but rather complements ... |
Wild animals are exposed to environmental contaminants of both natural and anthropogenic origin and are suitable bioindicators of environmental pollution (obrien et al . Concentrations of toxic compounds in body tissues are determined by the degree of exposure, the compound s bioavailability and half - life, as well as... |
Parturient with congenital heart block may be asymptomatic but can present with sudden vascular collapse, especially during labour . Few patients with congenital heart block may have sudden cardiac death (scd) for which there are no predictors . We present our experience of spinal anaesthesia in a 29-year - old female ... |
Ocular surface is protected by tears, and tear abnormalities or ocular surface disorders could result in dry eye syndrome (des). Des is a common and complex condition with reduced ocular comfort and impaired visual performance . Nowadays, des is regarded as one of the most common ocular disorders throughout the world .... |
Congenital scrotal anomalies are unusual and include penoscrotal transposition, bifid scrotum, ectopic scrotum, and accessory scrotum (as). Among these, as is the least frequent, with only 42 cases reported in the english literature . As is characterized by additional scrotal tissue lacking a testis, besides a normally... |
Sanitation, immunization and antibiotics, and improved nutrition have increased life expectancy and dramatically changed the patterns of disease in many countries . Along with these benefits, however, development, including economic development, population growth, industrial development, urbanization, and increased use... |
Cancer vaccine concept have been encompasses a broad spectrum of platforms intended to trigger or increase an adaptive immune response against a malignant tumor . Thus cancer vaccines are aimed as active immunotherapeutic interventions mainly in an established disease state in which the malignancy is expressing all its... |
The recognition that elevated intracranial pressure (icp) is transmitted through the optic nerve and its sheath has been known for many years . This physiological process is the basis for the physical exam finding of papilledema on fundoscopic examination . Recently, interest has turned to measurement of the optic nerv... |
There is no doubt that dog is the most favorite pet animal throughout the world . Further, due to its physiological similarity with human being, it has turned out to be an ideal model for studying human diseases like diabetes and cancer . Therefore, a better understanding about the normal physiological events of dogs m... |
Three - dimensional (3d) image analysis of the mandible is possible due to the wide availability of computed tomography (ct) imaging technology . Accordingly, there have been several anatomical analyses of the mandibular foramen (mnf),1234 most involving distance - only measurement methods . Moreover, the analytical da... |
Dengue has become the most common mosquito - borne viral disease worldwide . According to estimates by the world health organization (who), the global incidence of dengue infections ranges between 50 million and 200 million every year . However, the real disease burden of dengue may be underestimated because of inadequ... |
Implant - supported fixed dental prosthesis is a standardized restoration method that is often used when an aesthetically critical anterior single tooth is missing . It has similar 5-year survival rates as tooth - supported fixed dental prosthesis.12 although the success rate of an all - ceramic crown was reported to b... |
According to the paradigm of antigen processing by the antigen presenting cells (apc), peptides arising from intracellular proteins are presented via class i mhc molecule . This occurs after they are degraded via proteasome and transported by transporters associated with antigen processing (taps). Differently, peptides... |
Seven able - bodied male subjects (age 30.7 4.2 yrs; height 178.9 10.2 cm; mass 73.9 12.2 kg, mean sd) participated in this study the study was approved by the local ethics committee (ethics committee of the swiss canton of bern, kek bern). The knee dynamometer is a custom made measurement device, which moves one leg a... |
Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric disease state manifesting as two different mood extremes, mania and depression . Manic symptoms often include hyperactivity, hyper - talkativeness, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, increased risk taking, and being easily distracted (apa 2000). Depression symptoms typically consis... |
Children spend from 31 to 60% of their school day either writing or performing other fine motor tasks2 . The preparatory skills for writing are coordination of multiple joints, visual perception, vision - motor integration, and proprioception3 . Together with stereognosis, proprioception allows smooth joint movement wh... |
It includes hidradenitis suppurativa, acne conglobata, dissecting cellulitis of the scalp and pilonidal sinus . Though each of these conditions are commonly encountered on their own, as a symptom complex follicular occlusion tetrad has rarely been reported in the literature . Here we present a case of hidradenitis supp... |
A consecutive series of 569 patients with shoulder pain who underwent ultrasonography between december 2008 and january 2010 were included retrospectively . A single orthopaedic surgeon performed ultrasonographic examination in cases where the authors suspected specific shoulder diseases on plain radiograph and physica... |
This was a retrospective cohort study approved by our institutional review board as a quality improvement research . The records of catheter days 1 year before the introduction of midlines (group a: august 1, 2011, to july 31, 2012) and catheter days of 1 year after the regular use of midlines (group b: november 1, 201... |
Additional information about study design, ethical considerations, and laboratory methods can be found in supplementary materials . We studied 72 children (n = 21) and adults with type 1 diabetes without known renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml / min/1.73 m) (supplementary tables 1 and 2). Pa... |
Metaphase spreads from cultured lymphocytes were prepared and analyzed by fish using bac probes containing the tcr locus (tcr c-17317 and tcr v-rp24 - 74e19), the igh locus (igh v-224m14), igh c (from c1- 3of c) and a telomere - repeat specific peptide nucleic acid (pna) probe (applied biosystems). Three dimensional fi... |
It integrates signals from cortical areas and subserves important functions like motor control (tecuapetla et al ., 2014, kravitz et al ., 2010) and reinforcement / punishment coding (kravitz et al ., 2012). Striatal neurons comprise gabaergic spiny projection neurons (spns, 95%) and interneurons (5%). Spns are classif... |
Pectus excavatum (pe), characterized by posterior displacement of the sternum and cartilaginous - rib attachments, is one of the most common congenital chest wall deformities.1)2) the physiological impact of pe varies . Symptomatic patients frequently complain of dyspnea with exertion, progressive loss of endurance, ta... |
The adenoid cystic carcinoma (acc) is a relatively rare epithelial tumor of the salivary glands . It accounts for about 5 - 10% of all salivary gland neoplasms, representing 2 - 4% of malignant occurrences of the head and neck area . Approximately, 31% of lesions affect minor salivary glands, particularly the palate, a... |
It has been proven to be very effective and became a standard of care in the treatment of most cases with severe prolapsus . Sacropexy is a surgical repair technique that restores pelvic anatomy by attaching synthetic graft material into the vagina and sacrum . Erosion of vaginal wall or bowel can be seen as a long ter... |
Congenital seminal vesicle cysts associated with abnormalities of the upper urinary tract are uncommon.1 they can be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally or can be associated with dysuria, urinary tract infections, and infertility . Diagnosis is more frequently made in adult life during the period of the greatest s... |
Tori and exostoses are nodular protuberances of calcified bone and are designated according to their anatomic location.1 torus palatinus (tp) and torus mandibularis (tm) are the two most common types of intraoral osseous overgrowths.2,3 tp is a sessile, nodular bony mass commonly seen on the midline of the hard palate ... |
Sleep can be disturbed by several factors such as illness, stress, and noise . Over time these include poor memory, slower reaction time, emotional disturbances, and changes in the immune response (1, 2). However, administration of these drugs is accompanied by side effects including psychomotor impairment, drug depend... |
Timber harvesting and logging is one of the vital activities carried out in the forestry sector in malawi . This is because it creates a room for establishment of new stand in the process of removing the old age . This also reduces the impact which may follow if the stands are left unharvested past their harvesting age... |
Physical activity during preschool age has significant effects on physical, social and psychological health of children . Fundamental movement skills (fms) including locomotor (e.g. Run, gallop, hop, leap, horizontal jump and slid), object control (e.g. Catch, kick, overhand throw and dribble) and body management (e.g.... |
Glomerular visceral epithelial cells (gecs; podocytes) play a key role in the maintenance of glomerular permselectivity [14]. Under normal conditions, podocytes are in contact with extracellular matrix, and there appears to be little turnover of podocytes, as these cells are highly differentiated (terminally differenti... |
Through the last twenty years, the knowledge on thyroid disease during pregnancy has rapidly expanded . It is well documented that women with overt hypothyroidism during pregnancy have an increased risk of pregnancy loss and adverse pregnancy outcome [13], but the consequences of subclinical hypothyroidism and the sign... |
In many instances, oral implants provide ideal replacement of missing teeth . Although the overall implant outcome is favourable, implant - related mechanical and biological complications are still frequently encountered . One of the contributing factors that influence the longevity of implant prosthesis is dental occl... |
Hemangiomas are categorized as racemose, capillary, cavernous, and venous, according to the size of their vascular spaces . Cavernous and venous hemangiomas have low blood flow, because they lack arterial or capillary components . Histopathologically, venous hemangiomas contain dilated vessels with thick, fibrous walls... |
The tetracycline class of antibacterial agents has seen widespread clinical use for over 50 years due to its broad spectrum antibacterial activity. (1) tetracyclines inhibit bacterial growth by preventing protein biosynthesis through binding to the 30s ribosome, thereby blocking the binding of aminoacyl - trna to the a... |
Humans are infected naturally by 3 species of hookworms; necator americanus, ancylostoma duodenale, and ancylostoma ceylanicum . Individual people can be infected with 1 species, 2 species, or all 3 species of hookworms [1 - 5]. Although a. ceylanicum is often considered to be a zoonotic pathogen, since it is also foun... |
Verruciform xanthoma (vx), which has almost similar histologic features, is also a rare lesion usually found on the oral mucosa or the genital area . It is presumably associated with the inflammatory response to mucosal damage.1 however, xanthoma and vx of the esophagus are extremely rare . Since the first report by re... |
The sizing of pda for device implantation is based on the automatic calculations of dimension by the inbuilt sizing software in the cardiac catheterisation laboratory and many experienced interventionists believe their eyeball measurements more . The estimations can be erroneous if the calibrations are not proper, lead... |
Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (ehpvo) is accompanied by replacement of the extrahepatic portal vein by a cavernoma with or without thrombosis of the intrahepatic portal, splenic, or superior mesenteric veins . In developing countries, ehpvo has been reported to be the most common cause of upper gastrointestina... |
Cancer genomics has gone through a dramatic period of progress due to the availability of genome - wide technologies . (tcga, https://cancergenome.nih.gov/) and the international cancer genome consortium (icgc, http://icgc.org/), involve thousands of patients and have generated petabytes of data . One of the major asse... |
A recent national cross - sectional survey showed that the overall prevalence of diabetes was estimated to be 11.6% in the chinese adult population . Diabetes is a progressive disease, due in part to the loss of -cell function, with the reduction in function probably commencing 10 to 12 years prior to diagnosis and agg... |
Soft tissue coverage for wounds remains a difficult management problem for patients sustaining traumatic injury and burns . There are several methods to achieve wound coverage secondary healing, primary suturing, skin grafting, and flap surgeries as described in reconstruction ladder . A skin graft is the most commonly... |
The stomach is a sensitive digestive organ that is susceptible to exogenous pathogens to which it is exposed by the diet . In response to such pathogens, the stomach induces oxidative stress, which might be related to the development of both gastric organic disorders such as gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cance... |
Improper nutritional knowledge is one of the most important causes of nutritional problems, which can affect practice and cause more complications . It has been recommended that food choices and dietary behaviors can be impressed by knowledge about diet (1). To effectively improve healthy eating, it is necessary to und... |
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