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. They may occur as solitary or multiple lesions . In case of multiple lesions numerous small papules and/or large dome - shaped nodules are present on the scalp like a turban, hence the name turban tumor . Scattered nodules are present occasionally on the face and in rare instances on the extremities . We report a 38-... |
On may 8, 2014, the united states court of appeals for the federal circuit issued an opinion, in re roslin institute, rejecting patent claims to mammals cloned from somatic cells . The patent at issue covered animals such as the famous cloned sheep, dolly, which had been produced without sexual reproduction from the ce... |
. The rarity of these lesions does not decrease their importance, as they are a disabling but treatable cause of compressive myelopathy . Most described cases of spinal edh are spontaneous, which may develop from bleeding from arteriovenous malformations, coagulation disorders, thrombolysis, or a coronary event . Traum... |
In recent decades, the number of drugs brought to market has been declining, and new low - cost methods for drug discovery are needed . While virtual screening is able to reduce the total number of ligands that need to be synthesized and screened experimentally, it requires prior knowledge of the target site . However,... |
It has been estimated that 24% of end - stage renal disease (esrd) patient deaths may be attributed to a hemodialysis - related complication . A survey carried out in 2006 that elicited opinions from patients and health care providers about safety concerns in the hemodialysis unit reported that 50% of the patients fear... |
A total of 118 histologically confirmed cervicovaginal swab specimens in which hpv infection status was examined by hc2, between january 2015 and march 2015 at konkuk university medical center, were collected . Cytological diagnosis was obtained in 109 patients using liquid - based cervical cytology (sure - path, tripa... |
The goldn participants were predominantly of european ancestry and recruited from two genetically homogeneous centers (minneapolis, mn, and salt lake city, ut). In this study, only 820 participants (406 men and 414 women) of european ancestry were included in our analyses . The primary aim of goldn was to examine the i... |
Several publications show importance of malaria control and elimination programs for economic progress . In iran over the years, in association with who (roll back malaria) and undp programs, considerable amount of effort has been expended by health authorities to control and prevent malaria through various measures in... |
Conventional root canal treatment of necrotic pulp in immature teeth is challenging clinically due to incomplete root development . Several methods have been used to manage the open apex of immature teeth, including apexification with calcium hydroxide (ca[oh]2) or mineral trioxide aggregate (mta). Although this techni... |
Tooth agenesis is defined as congenital absence of one or a few permanent teeth without any systemic disorders and the prevalence varies from 2.6% to 11.3% (excluding third molars). Peg - shaped is defined as a developmental alteration in dental shape, which incisal mesio - distal width of the tooth crown is narrower t... |
Vitamin d is one of the major hormones regulating blood levels of calcium and mineral homeostasis of the bone . The production of the active hormone, calcitriol or 1,25dihydroxyvitamin d3 (1,25(oh)2d), results from sequential hydroxylation by members of the cytochrome p450 enzymes 1 . 1,25(oh)2d exerts its biological f... |
Advent of faster and miniature computers had cascading effect leading to exponential growth in technology and modern medicine that led to better health care in all age groups and across gender . Significant improvements in maternal and child care indices were noted in india especially in last decade though india missed... |
Cardiovascular diseases, the major cause of deaths in western societies and throughout the world, are mainly due to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting mainly medium and large arteries (who, fact sheets of 2016). Local blood flow perturbations or injuries lead to an increased permeability of the e... |
Among female students of three medical universities of tehran, iran (including university of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences; tehran university of medical sciences; and islamic azad university, tehran medical branch), 600 students were recruited . Of the participants, 46 (7.6%) did not agree to participate a... |
It is important to understand the species richness, size, and life history of ectoparasite populations to understand the biology of the host species because of the potential for ectoparasites to impact host fitness . Most ectoparasites of bats show strong coevolutionary ties to their hosts because they never or only br... |
In the course of time, pathologists, anthropologists and radiologists pointed out this situation1,2). More frequently this condition affects females over 60 years of age with no special reference to race or geographical area1 - 4). Remodelling of the compensatory spongy bone (diploe), due to erosion on the external tab... |
Cutaneous manifestations of hypothyroidism are protean in nature and affect all age groups . These dermatologic manifestations may occur secondary to the decreased thyroid hormone levels or due to the presence of thyroid autoantibodies that interact with skin components . Most of these cutaneous manifestations are nons... |
It is a rare entity that has been reported to result most commonly after trauma or spontaneously without underlying cause in healthy adult.1) pneumopericardium resulting after pericardiocentesis is even rarer and has been attributed either to a direct pleuro - pericardial communication or to an air leakage to the peric... |
Traumatic femur fractures (ffs) continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide . Regardless of the patient age and injury severity, a previous study showed that in comparison to delayed stabilization, an early definitive stabilization of ff is found to have fewer complications . Currently the standar... |
Spider bite is endemic in parts of north america, mexico, tropical belt of africa and europe and can cause serious systemic manifestations . Loxosceles spiders belong to the family loxoscelidae / sicariidae . Of the 13 species of loxosceles loxosceles reclusa, or the brown recluse spider, is the spider most commonly re... |
Neonatal monosodium l - glutamate (msg) administration induces morphological, behavioral, and neuroendocrine abnormalities such as growth disturbances, self - mutilation, hyperadiposity, and hypogonadism [14]. It has been assessed that catecholaminergic and peptidergic neuronal loss takes place in the retina and hypoth... |
Their complications are nutritional, psychiatric, and physical health disturbances (1, 2). Eating disorders vary from nonclinical eating disorders, as feeling of being too fat or dieting, to severe clinical forms, as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa (2, 3). Eating disorders are more common at the age of 25 or below... |
Viral hepatitis b is a serious health problem throughout the world, being a leading cause of acute and chronic liver disease including cirrhosis and primary liver cancer, which ranks as the 3rd cause of cancer deaths worldwide . Globally, over 350 million people are chronic carriers of hepatitis b virus (hbv), more tha... |
Arising from hydro - geological interactions within riverine systems, elements and metals coexist in relative proportions to each other and these ratios are dependent on geochemical processes such as weathering, atmospheric deposition, rainfall and flow - rates . Overall, this process occurs from a dynamic equilibrium ... |
We are reporting the first - to our knowledge - case of duodenal plexiform fibromyxoma causing obscure upper gastrointestinal bleeding . Plexiform fibromyxoma triggered recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding episodes in a 63-year - old man who remained undiagnosed, despite multiple hospitalizations, extensive diagno... |
Tobacco smoking is known to be an important contributor to a wide variety of chronic diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and cancers of various organs . Tobacco smoking also negatively affects several other respiratory diseases, including pneumonia and pulmonar... |
The goals of health and social care interventions in the field of ischaemic heart disease are placing increasing emphasis on patients' quality of life as well as quantity of life and an improvement in health - related quality of life (hrqol) is often a stated goal of many cardiac rehabilitation programmes and secondary... |
Environmental and occupational sources continue to make lead exposure a health hazard, despite the restrictions to use lead in gasoline and paints over the past few decades . The largest current industrial use of lead is in production of lead - acid batteries for automobiles . Lead persists in drinking water, old paint... |
Two strong correlates of aging are mitochondrial dysfunction (sastre et al ., 2003; sedensky and morgan, 2006; figueiredo et al ., 2008; wei et al ., 2009) and accumulation of altered proteins (hipkiss, 2006a; soskic et al ., 2007; lindner and demarez, 2009). It is possible that both these apparent effects of aging may... |
Convulsions and loss of consciousness in patients can be caused by arrhythmias, conduction disorders or epilepsy . When syncope is misinterpreted as epilepsy, this may not only lead to the unnecessary use of anticonvulsant drugs but, more importantly, life - threatening arrhythmias can be missed which may lead to sudde... |
Visceral leishmaniasis (vl) or kala - azar is caused by various species of leishmania donovani complex, and children are particularly most affected by this infection in endemic areas . Vl is distributed in 98 countries and 3 territories and approximately 200,000 to 400,000 cases of new types of human vl occur around th... |
There are three phases in the natural history of chronic hbv infection (1). The first is the immune - tolerant phase (itp) defined by hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag)-positive, normal hepatic enzyme levels and high serum hbv dna concentrations . The second is the immune - clearance phase (icp) defined by hbeag - positive,... |
Lung cancer is the third - most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer - related deaths in the united states . Over 220,000 new cases of lung cancer are expected to be diagnosed in 2015 while more than 158,000 people are expected to die from lung cancer that same year . Worldwide, lung cancer is the ... |
Functional annotation of putative proteins is a fundamental and essential practice in the postgenomics era; it allows us to analyze genomic and genetic features, such as physiological activity and metabolism, as well as to discover medically and industrially relevant enzymes . Since large numbers of putative proteins w... |
Virtual reality technique can be combined with targeted exergames development with the aim to promote motor rehabilitation . Recently, a number of researchers have pointed to the potential of virtual reality applications in health care [6, 20, 28, 36, 48, 50] and hence sparked the introduction of this technology within... |
Crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc) are the two most common forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd), characterized by chronic and recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract . The etiology and pathogenesis of uc and cd are multifactorial and include genetic, environmental, and immunologic facto... |
Diabetes is an ever - growing chronic metabolism defect all over the world (seghrouchni et al . Lifelong and requiring constant follow up and treatment, diabetes mellitus (dm) decreases the patient s quality of life considerably because of its acute and chronic complications; it is a chronic, metabolic disease, the mor... |
Delinquency is positively associated with sexual abuse and family conflict (widom, 1989), and negatively associated with parental warmth and support (hoeve et al ., 2008). While some evidence shows that specific genotypes, in interaction with childhood adversity, confer vulnerability for delinquency, several studies ha... |
In a prospective double - blind randomized controlled trial, we tried to find out whether coblation technique decreases the postoperative morbidity compared to traditional dissection tonsillectomy . Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain, number of days needed to return to work and normal diet an... |
Keratoconus is a bilateral and chronic progressive disease . Due to different definitions and diagnostic criteria histological findings include stromal thinning, iron deposition in the epithelial basement membrane, and breaks in bowman's layer . The etiology and pathogenesis of keratoconus is still unknown but may be a... |
Recently, robotic systems have been introduced to various surgical fields, including urologic surgery . In 2001, binder and kramer performed the first robot - assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (ralp). In 2005, the first domestic ralp was performed with the da vinci robot system . In general, robotic surgery has been ... |
In asthmatics, the aim of treatment is to achieve and maintain the best possible control of the disease, defined as absence of symptoms, no exacerbations, and no limitation of activities, together with the best attainable lung function . Several studies in recent years have shown that optimal control of asthma can be o... |
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent used to treat a variety of malignancies and autoimmune disorders . The combination of cyclophosphamide with doxorobucin (ac) or docetaxel (tc) is widely used to treat breast cancer in both adjuvant and metastatic settings . Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug and needs to be metabolize... |
It has been estimated that viruses cause up to 90% of lower respiratory infection (lri) hospitalizations in children less than 5 years of age and up to 40% of hospitalizations in children age 518 years . Among the most common causes of viral respiratory infection in children and adults are respiratory syncytial virus (... |
The global burden of disease (gbd) is a an essential tool in the global battle to improve health . This project provides a systematic approach to calculating comprehensive, consistent, and comparable measures of health loss due to diseases, injuries, and their associated risk factors . The latest gbd study, known as gb... |
Chronic alcohol consumption is the most prevalent etiologic factor of hepatic fibrogenesis and cirrhosis (1). Ethanol is metabolized primarily by the alcohol dehydrogenase and the cytochrome p450 systems (2). Acetaldehyde generated by these oxidative pathways is accumulated due to slow kinetics of its oxidizing enzyme ... |
An 81-year - old woman with history of melanoma presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of dyspnea and fatigue . Initial laboratory work - up revealed anemia, with hemoglobin of 7.6 gm / dl and hematocrit of 23.8% . Liver function tests revealed alkaline phosphatase 819 unit / l, ast 131 unit / l, ... |
Nondiabetic hcv - infected subjects between age 18 and 60 with detectable hepatitis c viral load (hcv rna) were recruited from san francisco general hospital (sfgh) at the university of california san francisco (ucsf) and other ucsf - affiliated clinics . The american diabetes association criterion of fasting glucose o... |
Fecal incontinence (fi) following corrective surgeries of anorectal malformations (arms) represents a devastating problem which often prevents the child from becoming socially acceptable, which in turn provokes serious psychological problems . Various treatment strategies have been tried, however, majority of these pat... |
Electron attachment to co2 embedded in superfluid he droplets (co2@he) is studied in a crossed beams experiment with mass spectrometric detection of the anions . Over the past few years electron attachment and/or electron ionization for a variety of molecules embedded in he droplets, including h2o, chcl3, and more comp... |
The iranian traditional medicine is one of the branches of complementary medicine and it is based on using the dosage forms of plants . One of the most common forms of pharmaceutical plants is aragh . Due to ease - of - use,, it is attempted to study the usage forms and effects of aragh according to the valid tradition... |
Immunoglobulin g (igg)4-related disease (igg4-rd) is a relatively recently described systemic, fibro - inflammatory disorder that affects multiple organ systems, including commonly the orbits.1 reports have identified igg4-rd as an etiology of previously described cases of orbital inflammatory disease or pseudotumor.13... |
The filarial parasite loa loa causes a chronic infection in humans that has two very characteristic clinical features: calabar swellings (localized angioedema found predominantly on the extremities) and subconjuctival migration of the adult parasites (" eyeworm ") (1). Since two initial reports of suspected loiasis in ... |
Anterior cruciate ligament (acl) dysfunction leads to the progression of osteoarthritis and adjacent tissue damage caused by knee instability1). The goal of acl reconstruction is to restore the normal stability and kinetics of the knee joint . Factors that can influence the outcomes of an acl reconstruction include pat... |
The characterization of molecular determinants of cancer has advanced tremendously in the past decades, mainly due to advancements in high - throughput technologies . Mass spectrometry (ms)-based proteomics has undergone enormous improvements in the past few years because of more accurate instrumentation and better met... |
Germ cell cancer occurs relatively infrequently, but it is one of the most common malignancies in men aged 1535 years . Extragonadal germ cell tumours, which account for only 26% of all germ cell cancer, tend to arise from the midline of the body, namely the pineal gland, mediastinum, retroperitoneum, lung parenchyma, ... |
In taiwan, the practice of using chinese medicine in combination with western medicine to treat cancer patients is on the rise . In this study, we treated head and neck as well as lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy with sha shen mai men dong tang (smd-2; sh shn mi dng tng), a mixture of seven ... |
Biofilms are exploited in a wide range of biotechnologies, including wastewater treatment, biofuel production and the generation of electricity in microbial fuel cells [16, 21]. Conversely, however, they generate billions of dollars in losses each year through machinery damage, loss of processing and manufacturing effi... |
The durable trial (assessing the durability of basal vs. lispro mix 75/25 insulin efficacy) was a global study with the primary objective of comparing the efficacy, safety, and durability of two starter insulin regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes (14). The durable trial was conducted in accordance with the intern... |
Diabetes mellitus (dm) is a chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels caused by either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or improper response of the body cells to insulin . Approximately 366 million people were diagnosed with dm worldwide in 2011 and this is expected to increase to 552 mi... |
Giant cell myocarditis (gcm) is a rare and often fatal disorder that used to be a postmortem diagnosis until the last quarter of the 20th century . With the advent of endomyocardial biopsy it generally affects healthy and young individuals with mean age of 42 years (1560 yrs) with no propensity for gender or ethnicity ... |
Antisense oligonucleotides (aso) bind to their cognate mrna in cells and modulate rna function . However, unmodified oligonucleotides are highly unstable in biological media and require stabilization, either with chemical modifications or by formulation with cationic lipid based delivery vehicles, for use in animal exp... |
Pleomorphic adenoma is the most frequently occurring benign epithelial tumor of the salivary gland 1 . The neoplasm is histopathologically characterized by being diverse, consisting of polygonal epithelial cells forming ductal structures surrounded by myoepithelial cells . Typically, a transition from epithelial to mes... |
Periodontal diseases are chronic inflammatory conditions characterized by loss of connective tissue, alveolar bone resorption and formation of periodontal pockets as a result of the complex interaction between pathogenic bacteria and the host's immune response . Periodontitis starts with inflammatory lesions of the gin... |
The replacement of pt and pt alloys with non - precious - metal - based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (orr) is considered the holy grail for electrocatalysis - related efforts . Most early studies were primarily focused on pyrolysis of macrocycles containing an existing metal later, however, it was found that... |
Double balloon enteroscopy (dbe) consists of an enteroscope and an overtube with a balloon located at either distal end . With a success rate up to 89% and a low complication rate ranging from 0.8% to 4%, common therapeutic applications of dbe include biopsy and tattooing of small bowel lesions, hemostasis, polypectomy... |
The diagnosis can be elusive, since there is no pathognomonic sign or symptom for pe . Clinicians often take solace in clinical decision rules in patients without any clear risk factors . We present a case report on a patient with abdominal pain who was ultimately diagnosed with a large pe . The diagnostic consideratio... |
Our laboratories have been investigating the consequences of chemotherapeutic agents on cell surface expression of immunologically important molecules, including major histocompatibility complex (mhc) encoded molecules (both mhc class i and ii), b7.1 (cd80), b7.2 (cd86), fas (cd95), and fas ligand (cd95l). T cell activ... |
The pectoralis major myocutaneous (pmmc) flap is a standard reconstructive technique in patients with cancers in the neck and face and is able to cover major anatomical defects arising from of such radical cancer surgery . In general, transferred flap tissue the recurrence of the originally resected tumor or the develo... |
Liver biopsy with subsequent histological scoring is the best measure of fibrosis; and, in patients with chronic hepatitis c (chc), it provides important information relevant to treatment decisions.16 fibrosis assessment can also determine whether the presence of significant fibrosis / cirrhosis warrants additional scr... |
A surprising finding in human transcriptome analysis is that protein - coding sequences only account for a small portion of the genome transcripts (1). The majority of the human genome transcripts are non - coding rnas, in particular, long - non - coding rnas (lncrnas) (2). Normally, lncrnas tend to be less conserved a... |
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma is a rare odontogenic tumor arising from anterior region of mandible and has predilection for females . It is a potentially aggressive tumor which is capable of frequent recurrences and locoregional and distant metastases . Here, we present a case of ccoc in a 64-year - old male patient... |
It is also called benign mixed tumor of skin as it contains both epithelial and mesenchymal components . The most common presentation is a small, slow - growing, subcutaneous nodular mass in the head - neck region . Until now, only few cases of cytological diagnosis of chondroid syringoma have been reported . Here, we ... |
Human reaction time (hrt) is the amount of time elapsed between the application of a stimulus and a person's response to it . Hrt is an important indicator of our information processing speed and the appropriate motor response . Quick physical reaction to an external stimulus, or short hrt, can also be considered as a ... |
In 1977 caspar5) and yasargil20) introduced an interlaminar approach with partial resection of bony structures and the ligamentum flavum followed by the removal of the intervertebral disc materials6). Since then, various techniques have been developed for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (ldh), but most patients... |
Kern singh receives royalties from thieme medical publishers, lippincott publishing, stryker, and zimmer; consults for globus and depuy; and is on an advisory board for vital 5 and avaz surgical . Sheeraz qureshi is a consultant to medtronic and stryker; on a scientific advisory board for zimmer and orthofix; has spoke... |
Approximately 30 to 48% of adults complain of insomnia symptoms and 10% have symptoms significant enough to meet the diagnostic criteria of insomnia syndrome . Insomnia is characterized by an inability either to fall asleep and/or to maintain sleep throughout the night and/or a waking time earlier than desired . The co... |
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the usa.1 it is estimated that 1,658,370 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in the usa and 589,430 individuals will die from cancer in 2015.2 the number of people living beyond a cancer diagnosis will reach 19 million in 2024.3 to determine the risk factors of cancer de... |
A total of 144 excisional skin - biopsy specimens were obtained from patients with clinically suspect lesions at therapeutic centers of excellence for buruli ulcer disease in three highly disease - endemic districts in ghana . Specimens were fixed in formalin and transported to the infectious disease pathology activity... |
Malignant phyllodes tumor (pt) is a rare fibro epithelial neoplasm of the breast, which is poor prognosis due to high risk of recurrence and distant metastasis . We report a case of malignant pt . It had recurred locally five times, and the sixth relapse was occurred 54 months after first diagnosis, presenting a huge p... |
Survival of individuals infected with hiv1 has been dramatically improved since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart), but this increased survival has been associated with the development of chronic disorders . One example is the early development of emphysema in hiv1 smokers, with a greater ... |
Gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) is defined as any glucose intolerance that occurred or is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy . The incidence of gdm has doubled over the last 68 years and is paralleling the obesity epidemic . Gdm carries long - term implications for the subsequent development of type 2 di... |
Synovial sarcomas are uncommon tumors that occur predominantly in the extremities, where they tend to arise in the vicinity of large joints, especially the knee region . Primary synovial sarcoma arising in the lung is very rare compared to metastatic sarcoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma, accounting for less than 0.5% . In... |
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (nf1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the tumor suppressor gene nf1, which results in increased cellular proliferation and leads to tumor formation . There are a number of ocular manifestations associated with nf1, including iris lisch nodules, optic nerve gliomas, neuro... |
Endodontic retreatment has to be done completely after ineffective root canal treatment in order to facilitate the proper chemomechanical preparation of the root canal system and to preserve tooth integrity . Endodontic instruments are used with light or medium pressure in apical way during retreatment that necrotic pu... |
Dry eye syndrome is a disorder of the ocular surface that is characterized by loss of natural function of the corneal and conjunctival epithelial barrier . Moreover, cytomorphological studies have revealed microchanges in the epithelium comprising changes in size of surface cells and number of goblet cells as well as o... |
It gradually affects all fields of cognition, including short and long - term memory, executional capacity and behavior . Unfortunately, despite advanced and intense research, no definitive therapy is currently available.1 glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness today,2,3 with 60 million persons affected and 8... |
These include classical ewing sarcoma of bone, extraskeletal ewing sarcoma, askin's tumor of the thoracic wall, and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor . Askin's tumor is a peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the thoracopulmonary region involving the chest wall . Considering its rarity, we are reportin... |
It has speedily replaced cervical cancer as the most common cancer among indian women . According to figures from the national cancer registry, one in every 25 indian women is likely to suffer from breast cancer at some point of time . Fine needle aspiration (fna) cytology has become widely accepted as a reliable diagn... |
Cardiovascular events are still the leading cause of death worldwide and remain one of the main causes of death in modern society . Multiple factors such as thrombolysis or coronary bypass surgery can cause myocardial ischemia - reperfusion (mi / r) damage . The most dangerous effector phase of mi / r can be observed d... |
Hla peptide tetrameric complexes were synthesized as previously described (17). In brief, purified hla heavy chain and 2 microglobulin were synthesized using a prokaryotic expression system (pet; novagen, milwaukee, wi). The heavy chain was modified by deletion of the transmembrane / cytosolic tail and cooh - terminal ... |
A database of refunded prescriptions created by the national health fund in 2008 in poland provided an opportunity to monitor and analyze mortality rates in users of typical and atypical antipsychotics.the lowest mortality was documented in patients treated exclusively with atypical antipsychotics compared with users o... |
Deficiency1 with impacted cancellous morselized bone has been shown to provide good results.2 however, the treatment of severe type iii and iv defects is more challenging . A valuable option in these cases is the use of bulk allografts, but the rate of failure of structural grafts that are not supported by a reinforcem... |
The biochemical function of a protein with known 3d structure can be elucidated by searching for proteins with similar folding patterns and known functions . However, similar folding alone is not a guarantee of similar biochemical function and conversely, the same biochemical function can be performed by differently fo... |
Leishmaniasis is a vector - borne disease caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite species belonging to the genus leishmania (l.). The disease can present in 3 main forms, comprising visceral leishmaniasis (vl, often known as kala - azar), cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis . Cl and vl a... |
In the recent years gd - enhanced mri has been the accepted way to go for contrast - enhanced (ce) imaging in patients with renal insufficiency to avoid the use of iodinated contrast media (cm)as for ct . For the same patients group, ce - mra replaced diagnostic dsa mainly due to its favourable renal profile and reduce... |
Using a knotless net, collect individual fish from their holding tank . Minimize capture time, avoid collecting multiple fish and do not hold fish for more than a few seconds in the net as these factors can increase stress . Place fish either in a transfer tank with anesthesia or directly to the swim tunnel respiromete... |
Integrated nano biosystems are expected to offer applications in multiple technologies, such as biodetection and sensing [1, 2], biomedical diagnostics, single molecule dynamics, and photovoltaics . In this work, the fundamental properties of such multifunctional hybrid nano biosystems involving core - shell quantum do... |
It is a multifactorial disease that can be effectively treated using lifestyle interventions and/or pharmacotherapy . Recent trends indicate that, despite improved detection and treatments, rates of hypertension are not decreasing in canada . To reverse this trend, we need to improve our understanding of hypertension's... |
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