triplets
list
passage
stringlengths
0
32.9k
label
stringlengths
4
48
label_id
int64
0
1k
synonyms
list
__index_level_1__
int64
312
64.1k
__index_level_0__
int64
0
2.4k
[ "Battle of York (867)", "participant", "Kingdom of Northumbria" ]
null
null
null
null
5
[ "Battle of York (867)", "participant", "Great Heathen Army" ]
The Battle of York was fought between the Vikings of the Great Heathen Army and the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Northumbria on 21 March 867 in the city of York. Formerly controlled by the Roman Empire, York had been taken over by the Anglo-Saxons and had become the capital of the Kingdom of Northumbria. In 866 this kingdom ...
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Battle of Anzen", "participant", "Byzantine Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Battle of Anzen", "participant", "Abbasids" ]
null
null
null
null
3
[ "Cnut the Great's invasion of England", "participant", "Denmark" ]
In the autumn of 1016, the Danish prince Cnut the Great (Canute) successfully invaded England. Cnut's father, Sweyn Forkbeard, had previously conquered and briefly ruled England for less than five weeks. The Battle of Brentford was fought in 1016 some time between 9 May (the approximate date Canute landed at Greenwich)...
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Clontarf", "participant", "Kingdom of Dublin" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War", "follows", "Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis", "different from", "Wyprawa kijowska" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Lemnos (1024)", "participant", "Byzantine Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Lemnos (1024)", "participant", "Kievan Rus'" ]
null
null
null
null
3
[ "Battle of Cynwit", "participant", "Kingdom of Wessex" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Battle of Brissarthe", "participant", "Vikings" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Brissarthe", "participant", "Franks" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Brissarthe", "participant", "Bretons" ]
null
null
null
null
5
[ "Rus'–Byzantine War (941)", "participant", "Byzantine Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Rus'–Byzantine War (941)", "participant", "Kievan Rus'" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Battle of Fýrisvellir", "participant", "Jomsvikings" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Fýrisvellir", "participant", "Eric the Victorious" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Battle of Fýrisvellir", "participant", "Styrbjörn the Strong" ]
The Battle of Fýrisvellir was fought in the 980s on the plain called Fýrisvellir, where modern Uppsala is situated, between King Eric the Victorious and an invading force. According to Norse sagas, this force was led by his nephew Styrbjörn the Strong. Eric won the battle, and became known as "the Victorious".It is me...
null
null
null
null
5
[ "Siege of Niemcza", "participant", "Germany" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Siege of Niemcza", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Chippenham", "participant", "Kingdom of Wessex" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Chippenham", "participant", "Great Heathen Army" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Byzantine–Georgian wars", "topic's main category", "Category:Byzantine–Georgian wars" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Byzantine–Seljuk wars", "topic's main category", "Category:Byzantine–Seljuk wars" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Segré", "participant", "Duchy of Brittany" ]
The Battle of Segré was a battle between the forces of Conan II, Duke of Brittany, and an alliance of the rebel Rivallon I of Dol, the Angevin Empire, and the Duchy of Normandy. During Conan's 1066 campaign against Anjou, he took Segré.
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Republic of Venice" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Byzantine Empire" ]
Wars between the Normans and the Byzantine Empire were fought from c. 1040 until 1185, when the last Norman invasion of the Byzantine Empire was defeated. At the end of the conflict, neither the Normans nor the Byzantines could boast much power, as by the mid-13th century exhaustive fighting with other powers had weake...
null
null
null
null
5
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Lombards" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Papal States" ]
null
null
null
null
7
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Kingdom of Sicily" ]
Second Norman invasion of the Balkans (1147–1149) In 1147 the Byzantine empire under Manuel I Comnenus was faced with war by Roger II of Sicily, whose fleet had captured the Byzantine island of Corfu and plundered Thebes and Corinth. However, despite being distracted by a Cuman attack in the Balkans, in 1148 Manuel enl...
null
null
null
null
9
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Italo-Normans" ]
Wars between the Normans and the Byzantine Empire were fought from c. 1040 until 1185, when the last Norman invasion of the Byzantine Empire was defeated. At the end of the conflict, neither the Normans nor the Byzantines could boast much power, as by the mid-13th century exhaustive fighting with other powers had weake...
null
null
null
null
10
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "topic's main category", "Category:Byzantine–Norman wars" ]
null
null
null
null
11
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Kingdom of France" ]
null
null
null
null
12
[ "Byzantine–Norman wars", "participant", "Serbs" ]
null
null
null
null
13
[ "Battle at Chlumec (1040)", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Battle of Sulcoit", "participant", "Dál gCais" ]
The Battle of Sulcoit was fought in the year 968 between the Irish of the Dál gCais, led by Brian Boru, and the Vikings of Limerick, led by Ivar of Limerick. It was a victory for the Dál gCais and marked the end of Norse expansion in Ireland. It was also the first of three battles that highlight the career of Brian Bor...
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Uprising of Peter Delyan", "topic's main category", "Category:Uprising of Peter Delyan" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Battle on the Raxa", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Burning of Luimneach", "participant", "Dál gCais" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Anglo-Saxons" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "William the Conqueror" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Harold Godwinson" ]
Succession crisis in England King Edward's death on 5 January 1066 left no clear heir, and several contenders laid claim to the throne of England. Edward's immediate successor was the Earl of Wessex, Harold Godwinson, the richest and most powerful of the English aristocrats and son of Godwin, Edward's earlier opponent....
null
null
null
null
3
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Kingdom of England" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Battle of Hastings", "topic's main category", "Category:Battle of Hastings" ]
null
null
null
null
7
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Duchy of Normandy" ]
null
null
null
null
8
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Alan Rufus" ]
null
null
null
null
10
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "William FitzOsbern, 1st Earl of Hereford" ]
null
null
null
null
13
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Leofwine Godwinson" ]
null
null
null
null
14
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Gyrth Godwinson" ]
Beginning of the battle The battle opened with the Norman archers shooting uphill at the English shield wall, to little effect. The uphill angle meant that the arrows either bounced off the shields of the English or overshot their targets and flew over the top of the hill. The lack of English archers hampered the Norm...
null
null
null
null
15
[ "Battle of Hastings", "participant", "Eustace II, Count of Boulogne" ]
Dispositions of forces and tactics Harold's forces deployed in a small, dense formation at the top of a steep slope, with their flanks protected by woods and marshy ground in front of them. The line may have extended far enough to be anchored on a nearby stream. The English formed a shield wall, with the front ranks ho...
null
null
null
null
16
[ "Former Nine Years' War", "participant", "Minamoto no Yoshiie" ]
Background While most provinces were overseen by just a Governor, Mutsu, in what is now the Tohoku region, had a military general in charge of controlling the Emishi natives, who had been subjugated when the Japanese took over the area in the ninth century. Historically, this post was always held by a member of the Abe...
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Former Nine Years' War", "followed by", "Gosannen War" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Former Nine Years' War", "participant", "Abe clan" ]
The Zenkunen War (前九年の役, Zenkunen no Eki), also known in English as the Former Nine Years' War or the Early Nine Years' War, was fought between the Imperial Court and the Abe clan in Mutsu Province, in Northeast Japan, from 1051 to 1063. It resulted in Imperial Court victory and the surrender of Abe no Sadato. Like the...
null
null
null
null
7
[ "Former Nine Years' War", "participant", "Minamoto no Yoriyoshi" ]
Background While most provinces were overseen by just a Governor, Mutsu, in what is now the Tohoku region, had a military general in charge of controlling the Emishi natives, who had been subjugated when the Japanese took over the area in the ninth century. Historically, this post was always held by a member of the Abe...
null
null
null
null
8
[ "Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)", "participant", "Vladimir of Novgorod" ]
In his 16th-century account of the 1043 campaign, Maciej Stryjkowski narrates that Yaroslav sent his son Vladimir to seize the Crimean emporia of the Greek empire, notably Chersonesos. Novgorodian traditions link Vladimir's foundation of the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod in 1045 with his prior victory over the Gre...
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)", "participant", "Yaroslav the Wise" ]
The final Byzantine–Rus' War was, in essence, an unsuccessful naval raid against Constantinople instigated by Yaroslav the Wise and led by his eldest son, Vladimir of Novgorod, in 1043. The reasons for the war are disputed, as is its course. Michael Psellus, an eyewitness of the battle, left a hyperbolic account detail...
null
null
null
null
3
[ "Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)", "participant", "Kievan Rus'" ]
null
null
null
null
5
[ "Breton–Norman war", "participant", "Duchy of Brittany" ]
The Breton–Norman War of 1064–1066 was fought between the sovereign Duchy of Brittany and the Duchy of Normandy. Brittany, an independent Celtic duchy, had a traditional rivalry with neighboring Normandy.Neighboring rivals From a historical perspective, the Bretons had steadily lost lands to the Norman's ancestors, the...
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle at Brůdek", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Battle of Stamford Bridge", "participant", "United Kingdom" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Stamford Bridge", "participant", "Kingdom of England" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Battle of Hjörungavágr", "participant", "Norway" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Stilo", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Asturian architecture", "topic's main category", "Category:Pre-Romanesque art in Asturias" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Buttington", "participant", "Vikings" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Buttington", "participant", "Kingdom of Mercia" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Buttington", "participant", "Welsh people" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "East–West Schism", "topic's main category", "Category:East–West Schism" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Battle of Sagrajas", "participant", "Almoravid dynasty" ]
The Battle of Sagrajas (23 October 1086), also called Zalaca or Zallaqa (Arabic: معركة الزلاقة, romanized: Maʿrakat az-Zallāqa), was a battle between the Almoravid army led by their King Yusuf ibn Tashfin and an army led by the Castilian King Alfonso VI. The Almoravids responded to the call of Jihad by the taifas which...
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Sagrajas", "participant", "taifa" ]
The Battle of Sagrajas (23 October 1086), also called Zalaca or Zallaqa (Arabic: معركة الزلاقة, romanized: Maʿrakat az-Zallāqa), was a battle between the Almoravid army led by their King Yusuf ibn Tashfin and an army led by the Castilian King Alfonso VI. The Almoravids responded to the call of Jihad by the taifas which...
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Goryeo–Khitan War", "topic's main category", "Category:Goryeo–Khitan War" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Siege of Weinsberg", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Song–Đại Việt war", "participant", "Vietnam" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Song–Đại Việt war", "participant", "Song dynasty" ]
null
null
null
null
3
[ "Battle of Lincoln (1141)", "participant", "United Kingdom" ]
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Norwegian Crusade", "participant", "Sigurd the Crusader" ]
The Norwegian Crusade, led by Norwegian King Sigurd I, was a crusade or a pilgrimage (sources differ) that lasted from 1107 to 1111, in the aftermath of the First Crusade. The Norwegian Crusade marks the first time a European king personally went to the Holy Land.
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Norwegian Crusade", "topic's main category", "Category:Norwegian Crusade" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War", "participant", "Liao dynasty" ]
The Second Goryeo-Khitan War (Chinese: 第二次高麗契丹戰爭; Korean: 제2차 고려-거란 전쟁) was an 11th-century conflict between the Goryeo dynasty of Korea and the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China near what is now the border between China and North Korea. It was the second of the Goryeo-Khitan Wars, with the First Goryeo-Khitan War occur...
null
null
null
null
1
[ "Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War", "participant", "Goryeo" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War", "followed by", "Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War" ]
See also Goryeo–Khitan War First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War
null
null
null
null
5
[ "Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War", "follows", "First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan Wars" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Battle of Peshawar (1001)", "participant", "Hindu Shahis" ]
The Battle of Peshawar was fought on 27 November 1001 between the Ghaznavid army of Mahmud of Ghazni and the Hindu Shahi army of Jayapala, near Peshawar. Jayapala was defeated and captured, and as a result of the humiliation of the defeat, he later immolated himself in a funeral pyre. This is the first of many major ba...
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Battle of Peshawar (1001)", "participant", "Ghaznavid Empire" ]
The Battle of Peshawar was fought on 27 November 1001 between the Ghaznavid army of Mahmud of Ghazni and the Hindu Shahi army of Jayapala, near Peshawar. Jayapala was defeated and captured, and as a result of the humiliation of the defeat, he later immolated himself in a funeral pyre. This is the first of many major ba...
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Battle of Eisenach (908)", "participant", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Battle of Anglesey Sound", "participant", "Kingdom of England" ]
null
null
null
null
2
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "follows", "March from Antioch to Jerusalem during the First Crusade" ]
null
null
null
null
0
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem (1834)" ]
null
null
null
null
3
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC)" ]
null
null
null
null
4
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
6
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
7
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
8
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
9
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
10
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
11
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem" ]
null
null
null
null
12
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC)" ]
null
null
null
null
13
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jerusalem (1244)" ]
null
null
null
null
14
[ "Siege of Jerusalem (1099)", "different from", "Siege of Jebus" ]
null
null
null
null
15