id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 4.06k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict | masked_query stringlengths 1 25.7k | query_embedding list | random_answer stringlengths 151 4.06k | similar_answer stringlengths 152 4.06k | similar_answer_v2 stringlengths 151 4.06k ⌀ | answer stringlengths 1 239 | __index_level_0__ int64 0 98.2k |
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56e0f3a5231d4119001ac4d2 | Space_Race | He justified the program in terms of its importance to national security, and its focus of the nation's energies on other scientific and social fields. He rallied popular support for the program in his "We choose to go to the Moon" speech, on September 12, 1962, before a large crowd at Rice University Stadium, in Houst... | "We choose to go to the Moon" speech was given at what location in Texas? | {
"answer_start": [
287
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"text": [
"Rice University Stadium"
]
} | @" We choose to go to the [MASK]" speech was given at what location in [MASK]? | [
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-0.1369304358959198... | The first actual usage of the term prime minister or Premier Ministre[citation needed] was used by Cardinal Richelieu when in 1625 he was named to head the royal council as prime minister of France. Louis XIV and his descendants generally attempted to avoid giving this title to their chief ministers. | In early 1961, direct ascent was generally the mission mode in favor at NASA. Many engineers feared that a rendezvous —let alone a docking— neither of which had been attempted even in Earth orbit, would be extremely difficult in lunar orbit. Dissenters including John Houbolt at Langley Research Center emphasized the im... | In July 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences. Preliminary specifications were laid out for a spacecraft with a mission module cabin separate from the command module (piloting and re-entry cabin), and a propuls... | Rice University Stadium | 12,169 |
56e0f4db7aa994140058e811 | Space_Race | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendshi... | The first American to orbit around the planet was whom? | {
"answer_start": [
174
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"text": [
"John Glenn"
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} | The [MASK] [MASK] to orbit around the planet was whom? | [
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56e0f4db7aa994140058e812 | Space_Race | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendshi... | When did John Glenn orbit the Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
234
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"text": [
"February 20, 1962"
]
} | When did [MASK] orbit the [MASK]? | [
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0.022... | Windows 8 supports a feature of the UEFI specification known as "Secure boot", which uses a public-key infrastructure to verify the integrity of the operating system and prevent unauthorized programs such as bootkits from infecting the device's boot process. Some pre-built devices may be described as "certified" by Mic... | As President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy. | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | February 20, 1962 | 12,171 |
56e0f4db7aa994140058e813 | Space_Race | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendshi... | Where did John Glenn land on Earth after coming back from orbit? | {
"answer_start": [
368
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"text": [
"Atlantic Ocean"
]
} | Where did [MASK] land on [MASK] after coming back from orbit? | [
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56e0f4db7aa994140058e815 | Space_Race | American Virgil "Gus" Grissom repeated Shepard's suborbital flight in Liberty Bell 7 on July 21, 1961. Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962. His Mercury-Atlas 6 mission completed three orbits in the Friendshi... | John Glenn's spaceship was named what when he orbited the Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
311
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"Friendship 7"
]
} | [MASK] spaceship was named what when he orbited the [MASK]? | [
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0.28709319... | On the basis of the expansion and development of Yerevan State University a number of higher educational independent Institutions were formed including Medical Institute separated in 1930 which was set up on the basis of medical faculty. In 1980 Yerevan State Medical University was awarded one of the main rewards of th... | As President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy. | In 1953, Korolev was given the go-ahead to develop the R-7 Semyorka rocket, which represented a major advance from the German design. Although some of its components (notably boosters) still resembled the German G-4, the new rocket incorporated staged design, a completely new control system, and a new fuel. It was succ... | Friendship 7 | 12,173 |
56e0f5587aa994140058e81b | Space_Race | The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extendi... | How many more Mercury missions were there after John Glenn's? | {
"answer_start": [
146
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"text": [
"3"
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} | How many more [MASK] missions were there after [MASK]? | [
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56e0f6177aa994140058e829 | Space_Race | Gherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and 12, 1962. The two ... | What first person from the USSR controlled their own spacecraft? | {
"answer_start": [
0
],
"text": [
"Gherman Titov"
]
} | What [MASK] person from the [MASK] controlled their own spacecraft? | [
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56e0f6177aa994140058e82a | Space_Race | Gherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and 12, 1962. The two ... | Gherman Titov from the USSR drove his own spacecraft on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
100
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"text": [
"August 6, 1961"
]
} | [MASK] from the [MASK] drove his own spacecraft on what date? | [
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56e0f6177aa994140058e82c | Space_Race | Gherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and 12, 1962. The two ... | Radio communication was possible between which two spacecrafts in August 11 and 12, 1962? | {
"answer_start": [
229
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"text": [
"Vostok 3 and Vostok 4"
]
} | Radio communication was possible between which [MASK] spacecrafts in [MASK]? | [
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56e0f68f7aa994140058e833 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda value. Tereshkova w... | The first woman that went into space was whom? | {
"answer_start": [
160
],
"text": [
"Valentina Tereshkova"
]
} | The [MASK] woman that went into space was whom? | [
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-0.057310044... | 220th Street is the highest numbered street on Manhattan Island. Marble Hill is also within the borough of Manhattan, so the highest street number in the borough is 228th Street. However, the numbering continues in the Bronx up to 263rd Street. The lowest number is East First Street—which runs in Alphabet City near Eas... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for supremacy in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, enabled by captured German rocke... | Valentina Tereshkova | 12,178 |
56e0f68f7aa994140058e834 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda value. Tereshkova w... | What spacecraft carried Valentina Tereshkova, the first woman in space? | {
"answer_start": [
67
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"text": [
"Vostok 6"
]
} | What spacecraft carried [MASK], the [MASK] woman in space? | [
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56e0f68f7aa994140058e836 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda value. Tereshkova w... | The first woman to launch into space was on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
77
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"text": [
"June 16, 1963"
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} | The [MASK] woman to launch into space was on what date? | [
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56e0f68f7aa994140058e837 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union duplicated its dual-launch feat with Vostok 5 and Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963). This time they launched the first woman (also the first civilian), Valentina Tereshkova, into space on Vostok 6. Launching a woman was reportedly Korolev's idea, and it was accomplished purely for propaganda value. Tereshkova w... | The first woman to go into space was from which country? | {
"answer_start": [
436
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"text": [
"The USSR"
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} | The [MASK] woman to go into space was from which country? | [
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56e0f6c27aa994140058e83d | Space_Race | The Soviets kept the details and true appearance of the Vostok capsule secret until the April 1965 Moscow Economic Exhibition, where it was first displayed without its aerodynamic nose cone concealing the spherical capsule. The "Vostok spaceship" had been first displayed at the July 1961 Tushino air show, mounted on it... | At what event was the Vostok spaceship first displayed to the public ? | {
"answer_start": [
279
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"text": [
"July 1961 Tushino air show"
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} | At what event was the [MASK] spaceship [MASK] displayed to the public? | [
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0.25333902239... | A variety of industries benefit from hunting and support hunting on economic grounds. In Tanzania, it is estimated that a safari hunter spends fifty to one hundred times that of the average ecotourist. While the average photo tourist may seek luxury accommodation, the average safari hunter generally stays in tented cam... | Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns "were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday."[citation needed] On April 24, 1967, the single pilot ... | In 1955, with both the United States and the Soviet Union building ballistic missiles that could be utilized to launch objects into space, the "starting line" was drawn for the Space Race. In separate announcements, just four days apart, both nations publicly announced that they would launch artificial Earth satellites... | July 1961 Tushino air show | 12,182 |
56e0f6f47aa994140058e83f | Space_Race | On September 20, 1963, in a speech before the United Nations General Assembly, President Kennedy proposed that the United States and the Soviet Union join forces in their efforts to reach the Moon. Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev initially rejected Kennedy's proposal. | When did US President John F. Kennedy, in a speech, propose to join forces to reach the moon with the USSR? | {
"answer_start": [
3
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"text": [
"September 20, 1963"
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} | When did [MASK] President [MASK], in a speech, propose to join forces to reach the moon with the [MASK]? | [
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0.049023147... | The Wagner tuba, a modified member of the horn family, appears in Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and several other works by Strauss, Béla Bartók, and others; it has a prominent role in Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 7 in E Major. Cornets appear in Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake, Claude Debus... | On 25 June 1950, the United Nations Security Council unanimously condemned the North Korean invasion of the Republic of Korea, with UN Security Council Resolution 82. The Soviet Union, a veto-wielding power, had boycotted the Council meetings since January 1950, protesting that the Republic of China (Taiwan), not the P... | In the years that followed, Eisenhower increased the number of U.S. military advisors in South Vietnam to 900 men. This was due to North Vietnam's support of "uprisings" in the south and concern the nation would fall. In May 1957 Diem, then President of South Vietnam, made a state visit to the United States for ten day... | September 20, 1963 | 12,183 |
56e0f770231d4119001ac500 | Space_Race | On October 2, 1997, it was reported that Khrushchev's son Sergei claimed Khrushchev was poised to accept Kennedy's proposal at the time of Kennedy's assassination on November 22, 1963. During the next few weeks he reportedly concluded that both nations might realize cost benefits and technological gains from a joint ve... | President Kennedy was killed when? | {
"answer_start": [
166
],
"text": [
"November 22, 1963"
]
} | President [MASK] was killed when? | [
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56e0f770231d4119001ac501 | Space_Race | On October 2, 1997, it was reported that Khrushchev's son Sergei claimed Khrushchev was poised to accept Kennedy's proposal at the time of Kennedy's assassination on November 22, 1963. During the next few weeks he reportedly concluded that both nations might realize cost benefits and technological gains from a joint ve... | How did US President Kennedy die? | {
"answer_start": [
149
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"text": [
"assassination"
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} | How did [MASK] President [MASK] die? | [
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0.17945404350... | Luther came to understand justification as entirely the work of God. This teaching by Luther was clearly expressed in his 1525 publication On the Bondage of the Will, which was written in response to On Free Will by Desiderius Erasmus (1524). Luther based his position on predestination on St. Paul's epistle to the Ephe... | In the years that followed, Eisenhower increased the number of U.S. military advisors in South Vietnam to 900 men. This was due to North Vietnam's support of "uprisings" in the south and concern the nation would fall. In May 1957 Diem, then President of South Vietnam, made a state visit to the United States for ten day... | On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America. In his speech on 6 December 1963, Johnson said: "I have also determi... | assassination | 12,185 |
56e0f7ab7aa994140058e841 | Space_Race | As President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy. | What two locations in Florida were renamed after Kennedy by President Johnson? | {
"answer_start": [
207
],
"text": [
"Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities"
]
} | What [MASK] locations in [MASK] were renamed after [MASK] by President [MASK]? | [
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56e0f7ab7aa994140058e842 | Space_Race | As President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy. | Which two space programs were heavily worked on by President Johnson? | {
"answer_start": [
46
],
"text": [
"Gemini and Apollo"
]
} | Which [MASK] space programs were heavily worked on by President [MASK]? | [
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56e0f816231d4119001ac510 | Space_Race | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | What year was the Gemini project confirmed? | {
"answer_start": [
56
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"text": [
"1962"
]
} | What year was the [MASK] project confirmed? | [
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56e0f816231d4119001ac511 | Space_Race | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | How many people could the Gemini project carry? | {
"answer_start": [
59
],
"text": [
"2"
]
} | How many people could the [MASK] project carry? | [
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56e0f975231d4119001ac516 | Space_Race | The greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA "spacewalk" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowing the Soviets to ach... | On what date was the first successful three man astronaut crew? | {
"answer_start": [
363
],
"text": [
"October 12, 1964"
]
} | On what date was the [MASK] successful [MASK] man astronaut crew? | [
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56e0f975231d4119001ac517 | Space_Race | The greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA "spacewalk" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowing the Soviets to ach... | The first flight in a spacecraft that allowed no suits to be worn inside was was? | {
"answer_start": [
350
],
"text": [
"Voskhod 1"
]
} | The [MASK] flight in a spacecraft that allowed no suits to be worn inside was was? | [
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56e0f975231d4119001ac518 | Space_Race | The greater advances of the Soviet space program at the time allowed their space program to achieve other significant firsts, including the first EVA "spacewalk" and the first mission performed by a crew in shirt-sleeves. Gemini took a year longer than planned to accomplish its first flight, allowing the Soviets to ach... | The US Apollo Command Module flew without spacesuits in what year? | {
"answer_start": [
1029
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"text": [
"1968"
]
} | The [MASK] [MASK] flew without spacesuits in what year? | [
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56e0f9d7231d4119001ac51c | Space_Race | Between October 14–16, 1964, Leonid Brezhnev and a small cadre of high-ranking Communist Party officials, deposed Khrushchev as Soviet government leader a day after Voskhod 1 landed, in what was called the "Wednesday conspiracy". The new political leaders, along with Korolev, ended the technologically troublesome Voskh... | Korolev died on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
523
],
"text": [
"January 14, 1966"
]
} | [MASK] died on what date? | [
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56e0fa4e231d4119001ac51e | Space_Race | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | The Voskhod 2 carrying two humans was launched on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"March 18, 1965"
]
} | [MASK] carrying [MASK] humans was launched on what date? | [
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56e0fa4e231d4119001ac51f | Space_Race | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | Who was the first person to take a spacewalk? | {
"answer_start": [
206
],
"text": [
"Alexey Leonov"
]
} | Who was the [MASK] person to take a spacewalk? | [
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56e0fa4e231d4119001ac520 | Space_Race | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | Which of two Voskhod 2's occupants was almost killed? | {
"answer_start": [
206
],
"text": [
"Alexey Leonov"
]
} | Which of [MASK] [MASK] 's occupants was almost killed? | [
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56e0fa807aa994140058e861 | Space_Race | Most of the novice pilots on the early missions would command the later missions. In this way, Project Gemini built up spaceflight experience for the pool of astronauts who would be chosen to fly the Apollo lunar missions. | Project Gemini helped recruit experienced people for which upcoming lunar missions? | {
"answer_start": [
200
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"Apollo"
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} | [MASK] helped recruit experienced people for which upcoming lunar missions? | [
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56e0fb41231d4119001ac52c | Space_Race | The circumlunar program (Zond), created by Vladimir Chelomey's design bureau OKB-52, was to fly two cosmonauts in a stripped-down Soyuz 7K-L1, launched by Chelomey's Proton UR-500 rocket. The Zond sacrificed habitable cabin volume for equipment, by omitting the Soyuz orbital module. Chelomey gained favor with Khruschev... | Who created the circumlunar program called Zond? | {
"answer_start": [
43
],
"text": [
"Vladimir Chelomey"
]
} | Who created the circumlunar program called [MASK]? | [
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56e0fb41231d4119001ac52d | Space_Race | The circumlunar program (Zond), created by Vladimir Chelomey's design bureau OKB-52, was to fly two cosmonauts in a stripped-down Soyuz 7K-L1, launched by Chelomey's Proton UR-500 rocket. The Zond sacrificed habitable cabin volume for equipment, by omitting the Soyuz orbital module. Chelomey gained favor with Khruschev... | Which type of craft were two astronauts to fly in during Zond? | {
"answer_start": [
130
],
"text": [
"Soyuz 7K-L1"
]
} | Which type of craft were [MASK] astronauts to fly in during [MASK]? | [
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56e0fba6231d4119001ac53b | Space_Race | Korolev's lunar landing program was designated N1/L3, for its N1 superbooster and a more advanced Soyuz 7K-L3 spacecraft, also known as the lunar orbital module ("Lunniy Orbitalny Korabl", LOK), with a crew of two. A separate lunar lander ("Lunniy Korabl", LK), would carry a single cosmonaut to the lunar surface. | The "Lunniy Korabl" or "LK" would carry how many people? | {
"answer_start": [
47
],
"text": [
"N1"
]
} | [MASK] or" LK" would carry how many people? | [
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56e0fbf67aa994140058e873 | Space_Race | The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959. | The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was established in what year? | {
"answer_start": [
199
],
"text": [
"1959"
]
} | [MASK] was established in what year? | [
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56e0fbf67aa994140058e874 | Space_Race | The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959. | The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was created by what organization in 1959? | {
"answer_start": [
118
],
"text": [
"United Nations"
]
} | [MASK] was created by what organization in [MASK]? | [
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0.19295392930... | During the period from 1993 to 2011, FBI agents fired their weapons on 289 occasions; FBI internal reviews found the shots justified in all but 5 cases, in none of the 5 cases were people wounded. Samuel Walker, a professor of criminal justice at the University of Nebraska Omaha said the number of shots found to be unj... | Shortly before his death, when he was already quite ill, von Neumann headed the United States government's top secret ICBM committee, and it would sometimes meet in his home. Its purpose was to decide on the feasibility of building an ICBM large enough to carry a thermonuclear weapon. Von Neumann had long argued that w... | The Space Age is a period encompassing the activities related to the Space Race, space exploration, space technology, and the cultural developments influenced by these events. The Space Age began with the development of several technologies that culminated with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union. This was the ... | United Nations | 12,202 |
56e0fcef231d4119001ac548 | Space_Race | On May 10, 1962, Vice President Johnson addressed the Second National Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Space revealing that the United States and the USSR both supported a resolution passed by the Political Committee of the UN General Assembly on December 1962, which not only urged member nations to "extend the rules... | A problem was resolved by whom when both the US and the USSR supported a cooperative space program? | {
"answer_start": [
199
],
"text": [
"Political Committee of the UN General Assembly"
]
} | A problem was resolved by whom when both the [MASK] and the [MASK] supported a cooperative space program? | [
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56e0fcef231d4119001ac549 | Space_Race | On May 10, 1962, Vice President Johnson addressed the Second National Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Space revealing that the United States and the USSR both supported a resolution passed by the Political Committee of the UN General Assembly on December 1962, which not only urged member nations to "extend the rules... | The cooperative space program was passed on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
249
],
"text": [
"December 1962"
]
} | The cooperative space program was passed on what date? | [
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56e0fd56231d4119001ac552 | Space_Race | The UN ultimately created a Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, which was signed by the United States, USSR, and the United Kingdom on January 27, 1967 and went into force the following October 10. | The Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space was signed by three countries on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
245
],
"text": [
"January 27, 1967"
]
} | [MASK] signed by [MASK] countries on what date? | [
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0.28760355710983... | Tibet retained nominal power over religious and regional political affairs, while the Mongols managed a structural and administrative rule over the region, reinforced by the rare military intervention. This existed as a "diarchic structure" under the Yuan emperor, with power primarily in favor of the Mongols. Mongolian... | In 1986, the Compact of Free Association with the United States entered into force, granting the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) its sovereignty. The Compact provided for aid and U.S. defense of the islands in exchange for continued U.S. military use of the missile testing range at Kwajalein Atoll. The independe... | In 1953, Korolev was given the go-ahead to develop the R-7 Semyorka rocket, which represented a major advance from the German design. Although some of its components (notably boosters) still resembled the German G-4, the new rocket incorporated staged design, a completely new control system, and a new fuel. It was succ... | January 27, 1967 | 12,205 |
56e0fd867aa994140058e889 | Space_Race | In 1967, both nations faced serious challenges that brought their programs to temporary halts. Both had been rushing at full-speed toward the first piloted flights of Apollo and Soyuz, without paying due diligence to growing design and manufacturing problems. The results proved fatal to both pioneering crews. | Both crews were killed on which spacecraft missions in 1967? | {
"answer_start": [
167
],
"text": [
"Apollo and Soyuz"
]
} | Both crews were killed on which spacecraft missions in [MASK]? | [
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56e0fe47cd28a01900c673f1 | Space_Race | On January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were killed in a fire that swept through their spacecraft cabin during a ground test, less than a month... | The Outer Space Treaty was signed by the US and the USSR on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"January 27, 1967"
]
} | [MASK] was signed by the [MASK] and the [MASK] on what date? | [
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56e0fe47cd28a01900c673f4 | Space_Race | On January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were killed in a fire that swept through their spacecraft cabin during a ground test, less than a month... | What was the cause of the fire that killed everyone on the first Apollo mission before launch? | {
"answer_start": [
429
],
"text": [
"electrical spark"
]
} | What was the cause of the fire that killed everyone on the [MASK] [MASK] mission before launch? | [
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56e0fe47cd28a01900c673f5 | Space_Race | On January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were killed in a fire that swept through their spacecraft cabin during a ground test, less than a month... | Who were the three people who died on the first Apollo mission before launch? | {
"answer_start": [
126
],
"text": [
"Command Pilot Virgil \"Gus\" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee"
]
} | Who were the [MASK] people who died on the [MASK] [MASK] mission before launch? | [
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56e0fedde3433e1400422a74 | Space_Race | Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns "were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday."[citation needed] On April 24, 1967, the single pilot ... | Who was the person credited with the first in-flight space death? | {
"answer_start": [
332
],
"text": [
"Vladimir Komarov"
]
} | Who was the person credited with the [MASK] in- flight space death? | [
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56e0fedde3433e1400422a76 | Space_Race | Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was having its own problems with Soyuz development. Engineers reported 200 design faults to party leaders, but their concerns "were overruled by political pressures for a series of space feats to mark the anniversary of Lenin's birthday."[citation needed] On April 24, 1967, the single pilot ... | When did Vladimir Komarov die on impact from his spacecraft crash? | {
"answer_start": [
287
],
"text": [
"April 24, 1967"
]
} | When did [MASK] die on impact from his spacecraft crash? | [
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56e0ff55e3433e1400422a7c | Space_Race | The United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and early 1968. Apollo 1's... | Apollo 7 launched from Earth on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
486
],
"text": [
"October 11, 1968"
]
} | [MASK] launched from [MASK] on what date? | [
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0.2466598600149... | From the early Qing, the central government was characterized by a system of dual appointments by which each position in the central government had a Manchu and a Han Chinese assigned to it. The Han Chinese appointee was required to do the substantive work and the Manchu to ensure Han loyalty to Qing rule. The distinct... | In 1958, Korolev upgraded the R-7 to be able to launch a 400-kilogram (880 lb) payload to the Moon. Three secret 1958 attempts to launch Luna E-1-class impactor probes failed. The fourth attempt, Luna 1, launched successfully on January 2, 1959, but missed the Moon. The fifth attempt on June 18 also failed at launch. T... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | October 11, 1968 | 12,212 |
56e0ff55e3433e1400422a7d | Space_Race | The United States recovered from the Apollo 1 fire, fixing the fatal flaws in an improved version of the Block II command module. The US proceeded with unpiloted test launches of the Saturn V launch vehicle (Apollo 4 and Apollo 6) and the Lunar Module (Apollo 5) during the latter half of 1967 and early 1968. Apollo 1's... | Who was in charge of the Apollo 7 mission on board? | {
"answer_start": [
446
],
"text": [
"Walter Schirra"
]
} | Who was in charge of the [MASK] mission on board? | [
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56e10477e3433e1400422ac4 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meters (660 ft) of each ... | The Soyuz 3 began its mission to space on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
128
],
"text": [
"October 26, 1968"
]
} | [MASK] began its mission to space on what date? | [
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56e10477e3433e1400422ac5 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meters (660 ft) of each ... | When was the first successful docking of a two man space crew? | {
"answer_start": [
709
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"text": [
"January 1969"
]
} | When was the [MASK] successful docking of a [MASK] man space crew? | [
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56e10477e3433e1400422ac6 | Space_Race | The Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted Soyuz 2. Ground controllers brought the two craft to within 200 meters (660 ft) of each ... | Which two space missions were the first to successfully dock each other? | {
"answer_start": [
729
],
"text": [
"Soyuz 4 and Soyuz 5"
]
} | Which [MASK] space missions were the [MASK] to successfully dock each other? | [
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56e104dfcd28a01900c67447 | Space_Race | The Soviet Zond spacecraft was not yet ready for piloted circumlunar missions in 1968, after five unsuccessful and partially successful automated test launches: Cosmos 146 on March 10, 1967; Cosmos 154 on April 8, 1967; Zond 1967A September 27, 1967; Zond 1967B on November 22, 1967. Zond 4 was launched on March 2, 1968... | Where was the Zond 4 over when it was destroyed by an explosion? | {
"answer_start": [
558
],
"text": [
"Gulf of Guinea"
]
} | Where was the Zond [MASK] over when it was destroyed by an explosion? | [
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56e10565e3433e1400422ade | Space_Race | During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and sending Apollo 8 into... | The first successful water landing in the Indian Ocean by the Soviets was was when? | {
"answer_start": [
21
],
"text": [
"1968"
]
} | The [MASK] successful water landing in [MASK] by the [MASK] was was when? | [
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56e10565e3433e1400422adf | Space_Race | During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and sending Apollo 8 into... | What animal was carried aboard the Zond 5? | {
"answer_start": [
552
],
"text": [
"tortoises"
]
} | What animal was carried aboard [MASK] Zond 5? | [
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56e10565e3433e1400422ae0 | Space_Race | During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and sending Apollo 8 into... | The first Lunar Module was delayed to what date? | {
"answer_start": [
283
],
"text": [
"March 1969"
]
} | The [MASK] Lunar Module was delayed to what date? | [
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56e1063ecd28a01900c67453 | Space_Race | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | Which three people were the first to ride the Saturn V rocket into space? | {
"answer_start": [
22
],
"text": [
"Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders"
]
} | Which [MASK] people were the [MASK] to ride the [MASK] rocket into space? | [
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56e1063ecd28a01900c67454 | Space_Race | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | What date did Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders leave Earth on the Apollo 8 mission? | {
"answer_start": [
3
],
"text": [
"December 21, 1968"
]
} | What date did [MASK], [MASK], and [MASK] leave [MASK] on the [MASK] mission? | [
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56e1063ecd28a01900c67456 | Space_Race | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | During what holiday, was the Apollo 8 mission broadcast from orbit? | {
"answer_start": [
386
],
"text": [
"Christmas Eve"
]
} | During what holiday, was the [MASK] mission broadcast from orbit? | [
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56e1063ecd28a01900c67457 | Space_Race | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | Which ocean did the Apolo 8 mission land in? | {
"answer_start": [
676
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"text": [
"Pacific"
]
} | Which ocean did the [MASK] mission land in? | [
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56e1069ce3433e1400422aec | Space_Race | The American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a "dress rehearsal" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where t... | How close to the ground was the Lunar Module in May 1969 during its landing test? | {
"answer_start": [
262
],
"text": [
"47,400 feet"
]
} | How close to the ground was [MASK] in [MASK] during its landing test? | [
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56e1069ce3433e1400422aed | Space_Race | The American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a "dress rehearsal" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where t... | The Lunar Module completed its first low Earth orbit on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
115
],
"text": [
"March 1969"
]
} | [MASK] completed its [MASK] low [MASK] orbit on what date? | [
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56e106e0cd28a01900c6745d | Space_Race | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | The Soviet, N1 Rocket exploded and was destroyed on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
224
],
"text": [
"July 3, 1969"
]
} | The [MASK], [MASK] exploded and was destroyed on what date? | [
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56e1077ecd28a01900c67469 | Space_Race | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | Apollo 11 mission was to land where on the Moon? | {
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62
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"Sea of Tranquility"
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56e1077ecd28a01900c6746b | Space_Race | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | When did the Apollo 11 mission launch? | {
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"July 16, 1969"
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} | When did the Apollo 11 mission launch? | [
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56e1077ecd28a01900c6746c | Space_Race | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | What state did the Saturn V rocket launch from? | {
"answer_start": [
456
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"Florida"
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} | What state did the [MASK] rocket launch from? | [
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56e1077ecd28a01900c6746d | Space_Race | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | When was the crew chosen to participate on the Apollo 11 mission? | {
"answer_start": [
104
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"January 1969"
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} | When was the crew chosen to participate on the [MASK] mission? | [
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56e107fecd28a01900c67473 | Space_Race | The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload alarms caused by an... | How long did the trip to the Moon last for the crew of the Apollo 11? | {
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} | How long did the trip to the [MASK] last for the crew of [MASK]? | [
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56e107fecd28a01900c67474 | Space_Race | The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload alarms caused by an... | The Lunar Module of the Apollo 11 was named after what animal? | {
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"Eagle"
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} | [MASK] of [MASK] was named after what animal? | [
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56e107fecd28a01900c67475 | Space_Race | The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload alarms caused by an... | Who was the first human to take a step on the Moon? | {
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"Armstrong"
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} | Who was the [MASK] human to take a step on the [MASK]? | [
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56e107fecd28a01900c67476 | Space_Race | The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began their descent. After overcoming several computer overload alarms caused by an... | At what time on Earth did Armstrong first step onto the Moon? | {
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688
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"9:56 pm CDT July 20"
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} | At what time on [MASK] did [MASK] [MASK] step onto the [MASK]? | [
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56e10894e3433e1400422b04 | Space_Race | The first step was witnessed by at least one-fifth of the population of Earth, or about 723 million people. His first words when he stepped off the LM's landing footpad were, "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind." Aldrin joined him on the surface almost 20 minutes later. Altogether, they spent... | How many people saw the first step onto the Moon? | {
"answer_start": [
88
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"723 million"
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} | How many people saw the [MASK] step onto the [MASK]? | [
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56e10894e3433e1400422b07 | Space_Race | The first step was witnessed by at least one-fifth of the population of Earth, or about 723 million people. His first words when he stepped off the LM's landing footpad were, "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind." Aldrin joined him on the surface almost 20 minutes later. Altogether, they spent... | When did they launch from the Moon to reattach to the Columbia? | {
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379
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"The next day"
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} | When did they launch from the [MASK] to reattach to the [MASK]? | [
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56e108fce3433e1400422b14 | Space_Race | Apollo 11 left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was completed with 161 ... | When did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
89
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"July 24, 1969"
]
} | When did the Apollo 11 mission land back on [MASK]? | [
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56e108fce3433e1400422b15 | Space_Race | Apollo 11 left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was completed with 161 ... | Where did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
72
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"Pacific Ocean"
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} | Where did the Apollo 11 mission land back on [MASK]? | [
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56e10a04cd28a01900c674a1 | Space_Race | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | When was the second landing on the Moon successful? | {
"answer_start": [
77
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"November 1969"
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} | When was the [MASK] landing on the [MASK] successful? | [
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56e10a04cd28a01900c674a2 | Space_Race | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | When did the Apollo 14 mission land successfully? | {
"answer_start": [
1195
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"February 1971"
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} | When did the Apollo 14 mission land successfully? | [
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56e10a04cd28a01900c674a3 | Space_Race | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | Apollo 15 landed on the Moon on what date? | {
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1222
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"July 1971"
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} | [MASK] 15 landed on the [MASK] on what date? | [
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56e10a04cd28a01900c674a4 | Space_Race | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | On what date was the Apollo 16 successful on landing on the Moon? | {
"answer_start": [
1245
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"text": [
"April 1972"
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} | On what date was [MASK] successful on landing on the [MASK]? | [
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56e10a04cd28a01900c674a5 | Space_Race | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | Apollo 17 landed on the Moon on which date? | {
"answer_start": [
1273
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"text": [
"December 1972"
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} | [MASK] 17 landed on the [MASK] on which date? | [
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56e10a3be3433e1400422b22 | Space_Race | Meanwhile, the USSR continued briefly trying to perfect their N1 rocket, finally canceling it in 1976, after two more launch failures in 1971 and 1972. | Which year did the USSR cancel the N1 rocket program after two failures that didn't launch? | {
"answer_start": [
97
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"text": [
"1976"
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} | Which year did the [MASK] cancel the [MASK] rocket program after [MASK] failures that did n't launch? | [
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56e10bf4cd28a01900c674c3 | Space_Race | Having lost the race to the Moon, the USSR decided to concentrate on orbital space stations. During 1969 and 1970, they launched six more Soyuz flights after Soyuz 3, then launched the first space station, the Salyut 1 laboratory designed by Kerim Kerimov, on April 19, 1971. Three days later, the Soyuz 10 crew attempte... | The USSR launched their first space station on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
260
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"text": [
"April 19, 1971"
]
} | The [MASK] launched their [MASK] space station on what date? | [
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56e10bf4cd28a01900c674c4 | Space_Race | Having lost the race to the Moon, the USSR decided to concentrate on orbital space stations. During 1969 and 1970, they launched six more Soyuz flights after Soyuz 3, then launched the first space station, the Salyut 1 laboratory designed by Kerim Kerimov, on April 19, 1971. Three days later, the Soyuz 10 crew attempte... | Who made up the crew of the Soyuz 11? | {
"answer_start": [
438
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"text": [
"Vladislav Volkov, Georgi Dobrovolski and Viktor Patsayev"
]
} | Who made up the crew of [MASK]? | [
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56e10ff6e3433e1400422b70 | Space_Race | Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class station designated ... | The station, Salyut 1, came back to Earth on which date? | {
"answer_start": [
213
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"October 11"
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} | The station, [MASK], came back to [MASK] on which date? | [
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56e10ff6e3433e1400422b71 | Space_Race | Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class station designated ... | How long did the station, Salyut 1, stay in orbit? | {
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231
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"175 days"
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} | How long did the station, [MASK], stay in orbit? | [
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56e10ff6e3433e1400422b72 | Space_Race | Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class station designated ... | Why did The Durable Orbital Station-2 not reach orbit? | {
"answer_start": [
378
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"text": [
"rocket failure"
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} | Why did [MASK] not reach orbit? | [
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56e1108ce3433e1400422b7c | Space_Race | The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar panels and a meteoro... | The Skylab 1 was launched on which date? | {
"answer_start": [
63
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"May 14, 1973"
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} | [MASK] was launched on which date? | [
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56e1108ce3433e1400422b7d | Space_Race | The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar panels and a meteoro... | How much did the Skylab 1 weigh? | {
"answer_start": [
88
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"text": [
"169,950 pounds"
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} | How much did [MASK] weigh? | [
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56e1108ce3433e1400422b7f | Space_Race | The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar panels and a meteoro... | When did the Skylab 1 finally come back to Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
660
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"text": [
"July 11, 1979"
]
} | When did [MASK] finally come back to [MASK]? | [
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56e11109cd28a01900c6753b | Space_Race | In May 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev negotiated an easing of relations known as detente, creating a temporary "thaw" in the Cold War. In the spirit of good sportsmanship, the time seemed right for cooperation rather than competition, and the notion of a continuing "race" began to s... | Which two world leaders had negotiations that relieved the Cold War? | {
"answer_start": [
23
],
"text": [
"Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev"
]
} | Which [MASK] world leaders had negotiations that relieved [MASK]? | [
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56e11109cd28a01900c6753c | Space_Race | In May 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev negotiated an easing of relations known as detente, creating a temporary "thaw" in the Cold War. In the spirit of good sportsmanship, the time seemed right for cooperation rather than competition, and the notion of a continuing "race" began to s... | When did President Nixon and Brezhnev of the USSR end the Cold War? | {
"answer_start": [
3
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"text": [
"May 1972"
]
} | When did President [MASK] and [MASK] of the [MASK] end [MASK]? | [
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56e11166cd28a01900c6753f | Space_Race | The two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet docking system, which allowed any of their craft to dock with any other (e.g. Soyuz/Soyuz ... | ASTP stands for what? | {
"answer_start": [
100
],
"text": [
"Apollo-Soyuz Test Project"
]
} | [MASK] stands for what? | [
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56e11166cd28a01900c67540 | Space_Race | The two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet docking system, which allowed any of their craft to dock with any other (e.g. Soyuz/Soyuz ... | Which Soyuz mission in December 1974 was to be used for the ASTP? | {
"answer_start": [
502
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"16"
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} | Which [MASK] mission in [MASK] was to be used for the [MASK]? | [
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56e111cecd28a01900c67543 | Space_Race | The joint mission began when Soyuz 19 was first launched on July 15, 1975 at 12:20 UTC, and the Apollo craft was launched with the docking module six and a half hours later. The two craft rendezvoused and docked on July 17 at 16:19 UTC. The three astronauts conducted joint experiments with the two cosmonauts, and the c... | Soyuz 19 took off from Earth on what date? | {
"answer_start": [
60
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"text": [
"July 15, 1975"
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} | Soyuz 19 took off from [MASK] on what date? | [
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56e11222e3433e1400422b9a | Space_Race | In the 1970s, the United States began developing a new generation of reusable orbital spacecraft known as the Space Shuttle, and launched a range of unmanned probes. The USSR continued to develop space station technology with the Salyut program and Mir ('Peace' or 'World', depending on the context) space station, suppo... | What year did the USSR disband? | {
"answer_start": [
447
],
"text": [
"1991"
]
} | What year did the [MASK] disband? | [
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56e11243e3433e1400422b9e | Space_Race | The Russian R-7 rocket family, which launched the first Sputnik at the beginning of the space race, is still in use today. It services the International Space Station (ISS) as the launcher for both the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft. It also ferries both Russian and American crews to and from the station. | Which Russian rocket carries passengers to and from the International Space Station? | {
"answer_start": [
12
],
"text": [
"R-7 rocket"
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} | Which [MASK] rocket carries passengers to and from [MASK]? | [
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56e11280e3433e1400422ba0 | Space_Race | American concerns that they had fallen behind the Soviet Union in the race to space led quickly to a push by legislators and educators for greater emphasis on mathematics and the physical sciences in American schools. The United States' National Defense Education Act of 1958 increased funding for these goals from child... | The United States' National Defense Education Act was established in what year? | {
"answer_start": [
271
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"text": [
"1958"
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} | [MASK] [MASK] was established in what [MASK]? | [
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56dede3c3277331400b4d784 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | What is a pub licensed to sell? | {
"answer_start": [
105
],
"text": [
"it is licensed to sell alcohol"
]
} | What is a pub licensed to sell? | [
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56dede3c3277331400b4d785 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | In many villages what establishment could be called the focal point of the community? | {
"answer_start": [
393
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"text": [
"the pub"
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} | In many villages what establishment could be called the focal point of the community? | [
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56dfb4987aa994140058e003 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | What is the term 'pub' short for? | {
"answer_start": [
16
],
"text": [
"public house"
]
} | What is the term 'pub' short for? | [
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56dfb4987aa994140058e004 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | Where in the United States are pubs located? | {
"answer_start": [
255
],
"text": [
"New England"
]
} | Where in [MASK] are pubs located? | [
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56dfb4987aa994140058e005 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | What continental European country has pubs? | {
"answer_start": [
243
],
"text": [
"Denmark"
]
} | What continental [MASK] country has pubs? | [
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56dfb4987aa994140058e006 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | Other than the United States, where in North America are pubs located? | {
"answer_start": [
235
],
"text": [
"Canada"
]
} | Other than [MASK], where in [MASK] are pubs located? | [
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56dfb4987aa994140058e007 | Pub | A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New England. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be... | Who said that pubs are the heart of England? | {
"answer_start": [
371
],
"text": [
"Samuel Pepys"
]
} | Who said that pubs are the heart of [MASK]? | [
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