id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 4.06k | question stringlengths 1 25.7k | answers dict | masked_query stringlengths 1 25.7k | query_embedding list | random_answer stringlengths 151 4.06k | similar_answer stringlengths 152 4.06k | similar_answer_v2 stringlengths 151 4.06k ⌀ | answer stringlengths 1 239 | __index_level_0__ int64 0 98.2k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3 | Apollo_program | Wiesner kept up the pressure, even making the disagreement public during a two-day September visit by the President to Marshall Space Flight Center. Wiesner blurted out "No, that's no good" in front of the press, during a presentation by von Braun. Webb jumped in and defended von Braun, until Kennedy ended the squabble... | What does the acronym LEM stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
448,
448,
448,
448,
448
],
"text": [
"Lunar Excursion Module",
"Lunar Excursion Module",
"Lunar Excursion Module",
"Lunar Excursion Module",
"Lunar Excursion Module"
]
} | What does the acronym LEM stand for? | [
0.5282103419303894,
0.1254623681306839,
-0.0566713847219944,
0.05256733298301697,
0.1533518135547638,
0.22199887037277222,
-0.05695277452468872,
-0.15820233523845673,
-0.3631782531738281,
0.07140109688043594,
-0.24214257299900055,
0.032620642334222794,
0.06567545235157013,
0.06892270594835... | At all airports the use of a traffic pattern (often called a traffic circuit outside the U.S.) is possible. They may help to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There is no technical need within modern aviation for performing this pattern, provided there is no queue. And due to the so-ca... | On April 2, 1958, President Eisenhower reacted to the Soviet space lead in launching the first satellite, by recommending to the US Congress that a civilian agency be established to direct nonmilitary space activities. Congress, led by Senate Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson, responded by passing the National Aeronaut... | In 1952, Thomas Watson, Sr., stepped down after almost 40 years at the company helm; his son, Thomas Watson, Jr., was named president. In 1956, the company demonstrated the first practical example of artificial intelligence when Arthur L. Samuel of IBM's Poughkeepsie, New York, laboratory programmed an IBM 704 not mere... | Lunar Excursion Module | 91,496 |
5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4 | Apollo_program | Wiesner kept up the pressure, even making the disagreement public during a two-day September visit by the President to Marshall Space Flight Center. Wiesner blurted out "No, that's no good" in front of the press, during a presentation by von Braun. Webb jumped in and defended von Braun, until Kennedy ended the squabble... | Who was announced as the LEM contractor in November 1962? | {
"answer_start": [
736,
736,
736,
736,
736
],
"text": [
"Grumman",
"Grumman",
"Grumman",
"Grumman",
"Grumman"
]
} | Who was announced as the [MASK] contractor in [MASK]? | [
0.3797512650489807,
0.01259034313261509,
0.0056032524444162846,
0.3903334438800812,
0.2358449399471283,
0.3576369285583496,
-0.11322548240423203,
-0.296298623085022,
0.08026993274688721,
-0.018550440669059753,
-0.20150126516819,
0.1437368392944336,
-0.028413226827979088,
-0.025396613404154... | Other mentionable newspapers are the tabloid Informanté owned by TrustCo, the weekly Windhoek Observer, the weekly Namibia Economist, as well as the regional Namib Times. Current affairs magazines include Insight Namibia, Vision2030 Focus magazine[citation needed] and Prime FOCUS. Sister Namibia Magazine stands out as ... | On April 2, 1958, President Eisenhower reacted to the Soviet space lead in launching the first satellite, by recommending to the US Congress that a civilian agency be established to direct nonmilitary space activities. Congress, led by Senate Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson, responded by passing the National Aeronaut... | In 1955, with both the United States and the Soviet Union building ballistic missiles that could be utilized to launch objects into space, the "starting line" was drawn for the Space Race. In separate announcements, just four days apart, both nations publicly announced that they would launch artificial Earth satellites... | Grumman | 91,497 |
5725c948ec44d21400f3d577 | Apollo_program | The LOR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a "lifeboat" in the event of a failure of the command ship. Some documents prove this theory was discussed before and after the method was chosen. A 1964 MSC study concluded, "The LM [as lifeboat] ... was finally dropped, because no single... | What was the advantage that the LOR method produced in the event of a spacecraft failure? | {
"answer_start": [
56,
36,
36,
84,
36
],
"text": [
"spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"",
"allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat",
"allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"",
"lifeboat",
"allowing the lander spacecraft to be used ... | What was the advantage that the LOR method produced in the event of a spacecraft failure? | [
0.03486828878521919,
-0.007657490670681,
0.1790541410446167,
0.15529121458530426,
0.16953180730342865,
0.27336612343788147,
0.08977633714675903,
-0.29364678263664246,
-0.1165633425116539,
0.18481214344501495,
-0.2853105664253235,
0.32223960757255554,
0.05908878520131111,
-0.199513852596282... | Both AC-3 and DTS surround audio were clumsily implemented on LaserDiscs, leading to some interesting player- and disc-dependent issues. A disc that included AC-3 audio forfeited the right analog audio channel to the modulated AC-3 RF stream. If the player did not have an AC-3 output available, the next most attractive... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | spacecraft to be used as a "lifeboat" | 91,498 |
5725c948ec44d21400f3d578 | Apollo_program | The LOR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a "lifeboat" in the event of a failure of the command ship. Some documents prove this theory was discussed before and after the method was chosen. A 1964 MSC study concluded, "The LM [as lifeboat] ... was finally dropped, because no single... | What Apollo mission was this LOR method used and needed? | {
"answer_start": [
445,
452,
445,
445,
445
],
"text": [
"Apollo 13",
"13",
"Apollo 13",
"Apollo 13",
"Apollo 13"
]
} | What [MASK] mission was this LOR method used and needed? | [
0.2548444867134094,
0.0310773104429245,
-0.06281156092882156,
0.24076369404792786,
0.20094451308250427,
0.17691455781459808,
0.29509955644607544,
-0.1745695024728775,
-0.2495669573545456,
0.10995154827833176,
-0.34971868991851807,
0.18887844681739807,
-0.04704422131180763,
-0.2867412269115... | Tyson Research Center is a 2,000-acre (809 ha) field station located west of St. Louis on the Meramec River. Washington University obtained Tyson as surplus property from the federal government in 1963. It is used by the University as a biological field station and research/education center. In 2010 the Living Learning... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | Apollo 13 | 91,499 |
5725c948ec44d21400f3d579 | Apollo_program | The LOR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a "lifeboat" in the event of a failure of the command ship. Some documents prove this theory was discussed before and after the method was chosen. A 1964 MSC study concluded, "The LM [as lifeboat] ... was finally dropped, because no single... | What did the Lunar Module provide to help get the Apollo 13 home safely? | {
"answer_start": [
559,
559,
559,
559,
559
],
"text": [
"propulsion, electrical power and life support",
"propulsion",
"propulsion",
"propulsion, electrical power and life support",
"propulsion, electrical power and life support"
]
} | What did [MASK] provide to help get [MASK] home safely? | [
0.07471607625484467,
0.06723906844854355,
0.0359196737408638,
0.5052061080932617,
0.31711605191230774,
0.3034590482711792,
0.17602995038032532,
-0.23227714002132416,
0.1376943439245224,
0.08562805503606796,
0.025577111169695854,
0.12424831837415695,
-0.018379416316747665,
-0.30466097593307... | The Soviet regime first came to power on November 7, 1917, immediately after the Russian Provisional Government, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown in the October Revolution. The state it governed, which did not have an official name, would be unrecognized by neighboring countries for another five mont... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | propulsion, electrical power and life support | 91,500 |
5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a | Apollo_program | The LOR method had the advantage of allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a "lifeboat" in the event of a failure of the command ship. Some documents prove this theory was discussed before and after the method was chosen. A 1964 MSC study concluded, "The LM [as lifeboat] ... was finally dropped, because no single... | In what year was the Lunar Module (LM) dropped because it wasn't seen as useful? | {
"answer_start": [
230,
230,
230,
230,
230
],
"text": [
"1964",
"1964",
"1964",
"1964",
"1964"
]
} | In what year was [MASK] dropped because it was n't seen as useful? | [
0.17418652772903442,
0.061537038534879684,
-0.37168383598327637,
0.2280835062265396,
-0.010917370207607746,
-0.0013846673537045717,
0.10303671658039093,
0.020829249173402786,
0.028765765950083733,
0.27002331614494324,
-0.01479220762848854,
0.14369115233421326,
-0.08531990647315979,
0.05771... | European comics studies began with Töpffer's theories of his own work in the 1840s, which emphasized panel transitions and the visual–verbal combination. No further progress was made until the 1970s. Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle then took a semiotics approach to the study of comics, analyzing text–image relations, page-le... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | 1964 | 91,501 |
5725ca35271a42140099d1c1 | Apollo_program | Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone-shaped command module, supported by one of several service modules providing propulsion and electrical power, sized appropriately for the space station, cislunar, and lunar landing missions. Once Kennedy's Moon landing goal became official, detailed design began ... | What was the shape that Faget designed for the Apollo command module? | {
"answer_start": [
52,
52,
52,
52,
52
],
"text": [
"cone-shaped",
"cone",
"cone",
"cone-shaped",
"cone"
]
} | What was the shape that [MASK] designed for the [MASK] command module? | [
0.17548531293869019,
0.03047291934490204,
-0.0004446122038643807,
0.20815816521644592,
0.09713736176490784,
0.4032602608203888,
-0.2974669635295868,
-0.30438119173049927,
-0.12609697878360748,
-0.17337875068187714,
-0.046955354511737823,
0.14023566246032715,
-0.20438848435878754,
0.1102439... | Shawn Vancour argues that the commercialization of classical music in the early 20th century served to harm the music industry through inadequate representation. | The Apollo program was conceived during the Eisenhower administration in early 1960, as a follow-up to Project Mercury. While the Mercury capsule could only support one astronaut on a limited Earth orbital mission, Apollo would carry three astronauts. Possible missions included ferrying crews to a space station, circum... | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | cone-shaped | 91,502 |
5725ca35271a42140099d1c2 | Apollo_program | Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone-shaped command module, supported by one of several service modules providing propulsion and electrical power, sized appropriately for the space station, cislunar, and lunar landing missions. Once Kennedy's Moon landing goal became official, detailed design began ... | What does the acronym CSM stand for? | {
"answer_start": [
325,
325,
325,
325,
325
],
"text": [
"Command/Service Module",
"Command/Service Module (",
"Command/Service Module",
"Command/Service Module",
"Command/Service Module"
]
} | What does the acronym CSM stand for? | [
0.5403125286102295,
0.4659334421157837,
0.05256105959415436,
0.1775684803724289,
0.16200993955135345,
-0.09341081976890564,
-0.09369472414255142,
0.010603752918541431,
-0.24034246802330017,
0.10136245936155319,
-0.21063046157360077,
-0.1729182004928589,
-0.19190195202827454,
0.405174523591... | Defensive Counterair (DCA) is defined as "all the defensive measures designed to detect, identify, intercept, and destroy or negate enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace" (JP 1-02). A major goal of DCA operations, in concert with OCA operations, is to provide an area from which forces... | The Apollo program was conceived during the Eisenhower administration in early 1960, as a follow-up to Project Mercury. While the Mercury capsule could only support one astronaut on a limited Earth orbital mission, Apollo would carry three astronauts. Possible missions included ferrying crews to a space station, circum... | The US Air Force had been developing a program to launch the first man in space, named Man in Space Soonest. This program studied several different types of one-man space vehicles, settling on a ballistic re-entry capsule launched on a derivative Atlas missile, and selecting a group of nine candidate pilots. After NASA... | Command/Service Module | 91,503 |
5725ca35271a42140099d1c3 | Apollo_program | Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone-shaped command module, supported by one of several service modules providing propulsion and electrical power, sized appropriately for the space station, cislunar, and lunar landing missions. Once Kennedy's Moon landing goal became official, detailed design began ... | How many men would the LM take to the lunar surface and return to the CSM? | {
"answer_start": [
771,
771,
771,
771
],
"text": [
"two",
"two",
"two men",
"two"
]
} | How many men would the [MASK] take to the lunar surface and return to the [MASK]? | [
0.31260910630226135,
0.3090531527996063,
0.17233993113040924,
0.30330920219421387,
0.10364237427711487,
0.3422948718070984,
0.2250315099954605,
-0.4530332088470459,
-0.1901645064353943,
-0.1306353360414505,
-0.4316273033618927,
0.31459158658981323,
-0.11523046344518661,
-0.2454645782709121... | According to the Catholic Encyclopedia of 1907-1912, materialism, defined as "a philosophical system which regards matter as the only reality in the world [...] denies the existence of God and the soul". Materialism, in this view, therefore becomes incompatible with most world religions, including Christianity, Judaism... | The Apollo program was conceived during the Eisenhower administration in early 1960, as a follow-up to Project Mercury. While the Mercury capsule could only support one astronaut on a limited Earth orbital mission, Apollo would carry three astronauts. Possible missions included ferrying crews to a space station, circum... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | two | 91,504 |
5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8 | Apollo_program | The Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing. It was the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior... | How many people was the CM designed to carry in the end? | {
"answer_start": [
70,
70,
70,
70,
70
],
"text": [
"three",
"three",
"three",
"three astronauts",
"three"
]
} | How many people was the CM designed to carry in the end? | [
0.002410238143056631,
0.0399661660194397,
0.1297270804643631,
0.733303427696228,
0.042308930307626724,
0.4630453288555145,
-0.04762088507413864,
-0.5923614501953125,
-0.40816089510917664,
0.23398801684379578,
0.09602856636047363,
-0.1976444274187088,
-0.22436785697937012,
-0.26672422885894... | The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally was in pre-war South Korea, but now is part of North Korea. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean Peopl... | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | three | 91,505 |
5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9 | Apollo_program | The Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing. It was the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior... | Where was the CM intended to land upon re entering the Earth's atmosphere? | {
"answer_start": [
135,
526,
135,
135,
135
],
"text": [
"ocean",
"splashdown",
"ocean",
"ocean",
"ocean"
]
} | Where was the CM intended to land upon re entering the [MASK] 's atmosphere? | [
0.14083515107631683,
0.23828327655792236,
0.5551237463951111,
0.29993319511413574,
0.0784594789147377,
0.30845120549201965,
0.0838995948433876,
-0.2673462927341461,
-0.22765332460403442,
-0.11117396503686905,
-0.18689242005348206,
-0.1140342429280281,
-0.015303312800824642,
0.1147953048348... | In 1947, the King and his family toured Southern Africa. The Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa, Jan Smuts, was facing an election and hoped to make political capital out of the visit. George was appalled, however, when instructed by the South African government to shake hands only with whites, and referred to... | The LOC included Launch Complex 39, a Launch Control Center, and a 130 million cubic foot (3.7 million cubic meter) Vertical Assembly Building (VAB) in which the space vehicle (launch vehicle and spacecraft) would be assembled on a Mobile Launcher Platform and then moved by a transporter to one of several launch pads. ... | The Soviet Zond spacecraft was not yet ready for piloted circumlunar missions in 1968, after five unsuccessful and partially successful automated test launches: Cosmos 146 on March 10, 1967; Cosmos 154 on April 8, 1967; Zond 1967A September 27, 1967; Zond 1967B on November 22, 1967. Zond 4 was launched on March 2, 1968... | ocean | 91,506 |
5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca | Apollo_program | The Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing. It was the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior... | The outside of the CM was covered in what kind of material? | {
"answer_start": [
341,
341,
341,
341,
341
],
"text": [
"ablative heat shield",
"ablative heat shield",
"ablative heat shield",
"ablative heat shield",
"ablative heat shield"
]
} | The outside of the CM was covered in what kind of material? | [
0.25658512115478516,
0.15212222933769226,
0.0866481214761734,
0.6539694666862488,
0.12973536550998688,
0.13119463622570038,
-0.045986276119947433,
-0.11693457514047623,
-0.4205999970436096,
0.05780301243066788,
0.0921897366642952,
-0.33825820684432983,
0.011100208386778831,
0.1369810998439... | Historically, Iran has been referred to as Persia by the West, due mainly to the writings of Greek historians who called Iran Persis (Greek: Περσίς), meaning "land of the Persians." As the most extensive interactions the Ancient Greeks had with any outsider was with the Persians, the term persisted, even long after the... | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | ablative heat shield | 91,507 |
5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb | Apollo_program | The Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing. It was the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior... | What was incorporated to help slow the CM's decent back to Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
479,
479,
479,
479,
479
],
"text": [
"Parachutes",
"Parachutes",
"Parachutes",
"Parachutes",
"Parachutes"
]
} | What was incorporated to help slow the CM 's decent back to [MASK]? | [
-0.018582267686724663,
-0.015252962708473206,
0.28009217977523804,
0.5125241279602051,
0.09997296333312988,
0.44842296838760376,
0.0464160181581974,
-0.23735228180885315,
-0.1973860114812851,
0.07638827711343765,
0.3165271282196045,
-0.08809185773134232,
-0.11810862272977829,
-0.1302733272... | The end of medieval drama came about due to a number of factors, including the weakening power of the Catholic Church, the Protestant Reformation and the banning of religious plays in many countries. Elizabeth I forbid all religious plays in 1558 and the great cycle plays had been silenced by the 1580s. Similarly, reli... | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | Parachutes | 91,508 |
5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc | Apollo_program | The Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing. It was the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior... | How much did the CM weigh in kgs? | {
"answer_start": [
653,
653,
653,
653,
653
],
"text": [
"5,560 kg",
"5,560",
"5,560",
"5,560 kg",
"5,560"
]
} | How much did the CM weigh in kgs? | [
-0.01698695681989193,
0.207661435008049,
0.12704280018806458,
0.44692566990852356,
-0.09900461137294769,
0.41358330845832825,
0.08764508366584778,
-0.29416710138320923,
-0.47924765944480896,
0.18229512870311737,
0.07885134965181351,
-0.3709154427051544,
0.07689998298883438,
0.0361127555370... | It includes the entire Old Town, which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and many sites within and around it. Some of the most notable in the Old Town include the Cathedral which was started in 1421 and is the tallest cathedral in Switzerland, the Zytglogge and Käfigturm towers, which mark two successive expansions... | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | The US Air Force had been developing a program to launch the first man in space, named Man in Space Soonest. This program studied several different types of one-man space vehicles, settling on a ballistic re-entry capsule launched on a derivative Atlas missile, and selecting a group of nine candidate pilots. After NASA... | 5,560 kg | 91,509 |
5725cc2038643c19005acd1b | Apollo_program | A cylindrical Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS with propellants, and a fuel cell power generation system with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen reactants. A high-gain S-band antenna was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights. On the extend... | What helped support the Command Module with a propulsion engine and propellants? | {
"answer_start": [
14,
2,
14,
2,
14
],
"text": [
"Service Module (SM)",
"cylindrical Service Module",
"Service Module",
"cylindrical Service Module",
"Service Module"
]
} | What helped support [MASK] with a propulsion engine and propellants? | [
-0.04436621814966202,
0.0539887435734272,
0.004613401833921671,
0.667008638381958,
-0.048296451568603516,
0.30278921127319336,
-0.13552772998809814,
-0.470197468996048,
-0.10747654736042023,
0.031885936856269836,
0.21200929582118988,
0.261802077293396,
0.09346824139356613,
-0.2045563906431... | One way of proving that a given disease is "infectious", is to satisfy Koch's postulates (first proposed by Robert Koch), which demands that the infectious agent be identified only in patients and not in healthy controls, and that patients who contract the agent also develop the disease. These postulates were first use... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | Service Module (SM) | 91,510 |
5725cc2038643c19005acd1c | Apollo_program | A cylindrical Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS with propellants, and a fuel cell power generation system with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen reactants. A high-gain S-band antenna was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights. On the extend... | What type of antenna was used for communication on the lunar flights? | {
"answer_start": [
218,
218,
218,
218,
228
],
"text": [
"high-gain S-band antenna",
"high-gain S-band",
"high-gain S-band",
"high-gain S-band antenna",
"S-band"
]
} | What type of antenna was used for communication on the lunar flights? | [
0.2639889419078827,
0.07687226682901382,
0.03390125185251236,
0.4207899570465088,
0.20967376232147217,
0.18721796572208405,
-0.029129086062312126,
-0.1258106529712677,
-0.12131668627262115,
-0.057015560567379,
-0.17375247180461884,
0.11212654411792755,
-0.22294330596923828,
-0.426170706748... | Poetry is a form of literary art which uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, prosaic ostensible meaning. Poetry has traditionally been distinguished from prose by its being set in verse;[a] prose is cast in sentences, poetry in lines; the syntax of prose is ... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | high-gain S-band antenna | 91,511 |
5725cc2038643c19005acd1d | Apollo_program | A cylindrical Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS with propellants, and a fuel cell power generation system with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen reactants. A high-gain S-band antenna was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights. On the extend... | What happened to the SM upon reentry to the atmosphere? | {
"answer_start": [
416,
416,
416,
416,
416
],
"text": [
"discarded",
"discarded",
"discarded",
"discarded",
"discarded"
]
} | What happened to the SM upon reentry to the atmosphere? | [
0.2036256641149521,
0.014286207966506481,
0.17865201830863953,
0.4083734452724457,
0.09261861443519592,
-0.1253662407398224,
0.4241534173488617,
-0.1738981455564499,
-0.18308156728744507,
-0.31923991441726685,
-0.4064428210258484,
-0.41897013783454895,
-0.25055480003356934,
0.1009667143225... | Thousands of Muscovites came out to defend the White House (the Russian Federation's parliament and Yeltsin's office), the symbolic seat of Russian sovereignty at the time. The organizers tried but ultimately failed to arrest Yeltsin, who rallied opposition to the coup with speech-making atop a tank. The special forces... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design employed a cone-shaped command module, supported by one of several service modules providing propulsion and electrical power, sized appropriately for the space station, cislunar, and lunar landing missions. Once Kennedy's Moon landing goal became official, detailed design began ... | discarded | 91,512 |
5725cc2038643c19005acd1e | Apollo_program | A cylindrical Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS with propellants, and a fuel cell power generation system with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen reactants. A high-gain S-band antenna was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights. On the extend... | How much did the initial version of the SM weigh in pounds? | {
"answer_start": [
578,
578,
578,
593,
578
],
"text": [
"51,300 pounds",
"51,300",
"51,300 pounds",
"23,300 kg",
"51,300"
]
} | How much did the initial version of the [MASK] weigh in pounds? | [
0.031297698616981506,
0.059443578124046326,
-0.0869755670428276,
0.25340980291366577,
-0.09875534474849701,
0.48741069436073303,
-0.14026331901550293,
-0.39755067229270935,
-0.09386973828077316,
0.2089516520500183,
0.12540259957313538,
0.122785784304142,
-0.10719940066337585,
0.06494832038... | In 2011, it became apparent that the bail-out would be insufficient and a second bail-out amounting to €130 billion ($173 billion) was agreed in 2012, subject to strict conditions, including financial reforms and further austerity measures. As part of the deal, there was to be a 53% reduction in the Greek debt burden t... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | 51,300 pounds | 91,513 |
5725cc2038643c19005acd1f | Apollo_program | A cylindrical Service Module (SM) supported the Command Module, with a service propulsion engine and an RCS with propellants, and a fuel cell power generation system with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen reactants. A high-gain S-band antenna was used for long-distance communications on the lunar flights. On the extend... | What was carried on extended lunar missions? | {
"answer_start": [
342,
342,
342,
672
],
"text": [
"orbital scientific instrument package",
"orbital scientific instrument",
"orbital scientific instrument package",
"scientific instrument package"
]
} | What was carried on extended lunar missions? | [
0.239958256483078,
-0.11204580217599869,
0.034266259521245956,
0.10558389872312546,
0.160707488656044,
0.07964224368333817,
-0.15691141784191132,
0.06827260553836823,
-0.22081242501735687,
0.4800954759120941,
-0.4542158842086792,
0.003987496253103018,
-0.17583441734313965,
-0.3514434397220... | Because of the complexity of medications including specific indications, effectiveness of treatment regimens, safety of medications (i.e., drug interactions) and patient compliance issues (in the hospital and at home) many pharmacists practicing in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school throug... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | The LOC included Launch Complex 39, a Launch Control Center, and a 130 million cubic foot (3.7 million cubic meter) Vertical Assembly Building (VAB) in which the space vehicle (launch vehicle and spacecraft) would be assembled on a Mobile Launcher Platform and then moved by a transporter to one of several launch pads. ... | orbital scientific instrument package | 91,514 |
5725cda338643c19005acd3f | Apollo_program | North American Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA. Because the CSM design was started early before the selection of lunar orbit rendezvous, the service propulsion engine was sized to lift the CSM off of the Moon, and thus was oversized to about ... | Who was rewarded with building the CSM? | {
"answer_start": [
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"text": [
"North American Aviation",
"North American Aviation",
"North American Aviation",
"North American Aviation",
"North American Aviation"
]
} | Who was rewarded with building the [MASK]? | [
0.14126770198345184,
0.37315401434898376,
0.07055968046188354,
0.4469406008720398,
0.08509864658117294,
0.5010697245597839,
0.2691194713115692,
-0.2034277617931366,
-0.1595454066991806,
-0.07629159092903137,
-0.17940695583820343,
0.19543303549289703,
0.17453131079673767,
-0.010859956033527... | The relationship between ethnic Greek identity and Greek Orthodox religion continued after the creation of the Modern Greek state in 1830. According to the second article of the first Greek constitution of 1822, a Greek was defined as any Christian resident of the Kingdom of Greece, a clause removed by 1840. A century ... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | North American Aviation | 91,515 |
5725cda338643c19005acd40 | Apollo_program | North American Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA. Because the CSM design was started early before the selection of lunar orbit rendezvous, the service propulsion engine was sized to lift the CSM off of the Moon, and thus was oversized to about ... | How much thrust was estimated for the translunar flight? | {
"answer_start": [
320,
320,
320,
320
],
"text": [
"twice the thrust",
"twice the thrust required",
"twice the thrust",
"twice the thrust"
]
} | How much thrust was estimated for the translunar flight? | [
-0.2186633050441742,
-0.29177820682525635,
0.32781800627708435,
0.303056538105011,
-0.12593553960323334,
0.3140483796596527,
0.07412826269865036,
-0.257205605506897,
0.005848542787134647,
0.01643974892795086,
-0.027826599776744843,
0.18323026597499847,
-0.06369053572416306,
-0.087440378963... | An increase in imported cars into North America forced General Motors, Ford and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales. The Dodge Omni / Plymouth Horizon from Chrysler, the Ford Fiesta and the Chevrolet Chevette all had four-cylinder engines and room for at least four passengers by t... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | twice the thrust | 91,516 |
5725cda338643c19005acd41 | Apollo_program | North American Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA. Because the CSM design was started early before the selection of lunar orbit rendezvous, the service propulsion engine was sized to lift the CSM off of the Moon, and thus was oversized to about ... | In what year was a program study done on the modules labeled as Block I and Block II? | {
"answer_start": [
435,
435,
435,
435,
435
],
"text": [
"1964",
"1964",
"1964",
"1964",
"1964"
]
} | In what year was a program study done on the modules labeled as Block I and Block II? | [
0.17286692559719086,
0.05002456158399582,
-0.334961473941803,
-0.018689967691898346,
0.325244277715683,
0.0870077908039093,
0.10410188883543015,
-0.6127059459686279,
-0.33994388580322266,
-0.1646120250225067,
-0.12949925661087036,
0.03810175880789757,
-0.10358288139104843,
-0.1204726845026... | Meanwhile, ABC News, which formed as a newly separate division, sought to become a global leader in television news. In 1977, Roone Arledge was named president of the new ABC News in addition to being president of ABC Sports. That same year, ABC launched a major expansion of its office facilities in New York City. The ... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | It became clear that managing the Apollo program would exceed the capabilities of Robert R. Gilruth's Space Task Group, which had been directing the nation's manned space program from NASA's Langley Research Center. So Gilruth was given authority to grow his organization into a new NASA center, the Manned Spacecraft Ce... | 1964 | 91,517 |
5725cda338643c19005acd42 | Apollo_program | North American Aviation won the contract to build the CSM, and also the second stage of the Saturn V launch vehicle for NASA. Because the CSM design was started early before the selection of lunar orbit rendezvous, the service propulsion engine was sized to lift the CSM off of the Moon, and thus was oversized to about ... | What was the name of the launch vehicle for NASA, which North American Aviation designed the second stage of? | {
"answer_start": [
92,
92,
92,
92
],
"text": [
"Saturn V",
"Saturn V",
"Saturn V",
"Saturn V"
]
} | What was the name of the launch vehicle for [MASK], which [MASK] designed the [MASK] stage of? | [
0.061566125601530075,
0.04681266471743584,
0.03175666183233261,
0.40630319714546204,
0.23841162025928497,
0.29853132367134094,
-0.4042491912841797,
-0.35440731048583984,
0.2271076738834381,
0.19193798303604126,
-0.16642692685127258,
0.07808326929807663,
-0.15108536183834076,
-0.20887538790... | On April 4, it was reported that the Chinese government appeared to be running an anti-CNN website that criticizes the cable network’s coverage of recent events. The site claims to have been created by a Beijing citizen. However, foreign correspondents in Beijing voiced suspicions that Anti-cnn may be a semi-government... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | The problems with North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a "tiger team" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections. Phillips documented his findings in a December 19 letter to NAA... | Saturn V | 91,518 |
5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a | Apollo_program | The Lunar Module (LM) was designed to descend from lunar orbit to land two astronauts on the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations, and was of an ... | How many astronauts was the LM intended to take from orbit of the moon to the surface of the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
71,
71,
71,
71,
71
],
"text": [
"two",
"two",
"two",
"two astronauts",
"two"
]
} | How many astronauts was the [MASK] intended to take from orbit of the moon to the surface of the moon? | [
0.22521793842315674,
-0.025769608095288277,
0.18991827964782715,
0.26510733366012573,
0.16342800855636597,
0.3855932354927063,
-0.13300462067127228,
-0.3198353052139282,
-0.13001732528209686,
-0.010576970875263214,
-0.24681784212589264,
0.23837944865226746,
-0.13193602859973907,
-0.2875690... | The Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA), in conjunction with organizations like ANSI and ASHRAE, publishes guidelines, standards, and handbooks that allow categorization of the illumination needs of different built environments. Manufacturers of lighting equipment publish photometric data for thei... | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | The Command Module (CM) was the conical crew cabin, designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to an Earth ocean landing. It was the only component of the Apollo spacecraft to survive without major configuration changes as the program evolved from the early Apollo study designs. Its exterior... | two | 91,519 |
5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b | Apollo_program | The Lunar Module (LM) was designed to descend from lunar orbit to land two astronauts on the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations, and was of an ... | Was the LM intended to return to Earth at all? | {
"answer_start": [
165,
149,
165,
102,
165
],
"text": [
"Not",
"Command Module",
"Not",
"take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module",
"Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth"
]
} | Was the [MASK] intended to return to [MASK] at all? | [
-0.04635598137974739,
-0.03528565168380737,
0.06848560273647308,
0.3704112768173218,
0.04439978301525116,
-0.10002253204584122,
0.35624080896377563,
0.1482408195734024,
-0.0265823807567358,
-0.04106615483760834,
-0.46886125206947327,
0.015560109168291092,
-0.15352678298950195,
0.0325714386... | Economic reform efforts continued with the support of international organizations, notably the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The reform program came to a halt in June 1997 when civil war erupted. When Sassou Nguesso returned to power at the end of the war in October 1997, he publicly expressed interes... | The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972. First conceived during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a th... | The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar panels and a meteoro... | Not | 91,520 |
5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d | Apollo_program | The Lunar Module (LM) was designed to descend from lunar orbit to land two astronauts on the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations, and was of an ... | The initial LM weighed how much in kgs? | {
"answer_start": [
710,
709,
710,
710,
710
],
"text": [
"15,100 kg",
"(15,100",
"15,100",
"15,100 kg",
"15,100"
]
} | The initial LM weighed how much in kgs? | [
0.10739856958389282,
0.18669013679027557,
0.16200783848762512,
0.09505598992109299,
0.028170019388198853,
0.42975303530693054,
-0.01866205595433712,
-0.5063714981079102,
-0.12376721203327179,
0.14516781270503998,
-0.06894401460886002,
0.14532701671123505,
0.1758776307106018,
0.096044115722... | The major issue with the term Hellenistic lies in its convenience, as the spread of Greek culture was not the generalized phenomenon that the term implies. Some areas of the conquered world were more affected by Greek influences than others. The term Hellenistic also implies that the Greek populations were of majority ... | The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972. First conceived during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a th... | Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | 15,100 kg | 91,521 |
5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e | Apollo_program | The Lunar Module (LM) was designed to descend from lunar orbit to land two astronauts on the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations, and was of an ... | For about how long would the extended LM allow a surface stay on the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
870,
870,
865,
865,
870
],
"text": [
"3 days",
"3 days.",
"over 3 days",
"over 3 days",
"3 days"
]
} | For about how long would the extended [MASK] allow a surface stay on the moon? | [
0.39184531569480896,
-0.14713118970394135,
0.44483324885368347,
0.18201814591884613,
0.1771651655435562,
-0.26825636625289917,
-0.025546077638864517,
-0.17592021822929382,
-0.25226470828056335,
0.03835989162325859,
-0.3437999486923218,
0.27836623787879944,
0.032074086368083954,
-0.40009388... | Estonia is situated in the northern part of the temperate climate zone and in the transition zone between maritime and continental climate. Estonia has four seasons of near-equal length. Average temperatures range from 16.3 °C (61.3 °F) on the Baltic islands to 18.1 °C (64.6 °F) inland in July, the warmest month, and f... | The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972. First conceived during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a th... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | 3 days | 91,522 |
5725d01989a1e219009abf28 | Apollo_program | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | Who had worked on the Saturn series even before the Apollo program began officially? | {
"answer_start": [
33,
33,
33,
33,
33
],
"text": [
"Wernher von Braun",
"Wernher von Braun",
"Wernher von Braun",
"Wernher von Braun",
"Wernher von Braun"
]
} | Who had worked on the [MASK] series even before the [MASK] program began officially? | [
0.2911040186882019,
-0.11353908479213715,
0.034188177436590195,
0.30887100100517273,
-0.055246561765670776,
-0.03360266238451004,
-0.10276158154010773,
0.01834232732653618,
-0.10296991467475891,
0.04604793339967728,
0.009622436948120594,
0.23464055359363556,
0.1012985035777092,
0.126860842... | Hunter-gathering lifestyles remained prevalent in some parts of the New World, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Siberia, as well as all of Australia, until the European Age of Discovery. They still persist in some tribal societies, albeit in rapid decline. Peoples that preserved paleolithic hunting-gathering until the recent pa... | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | Wernher von Braun | 91,523 |
5725d01989a1e219009abf29 | Apollo_program | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | From where was von Braun transferred to go to NASA? | {
"answer_start": [
258,
258,
258,
258,
258
],
"text": [
"Army",
"Army",
"Army",
"Army",
"Army"
]
} | From where was [MASK] transferred to go to [MASK]? | [
0.29638174176216125,
-0.028731243684887886,
-0.1650225818157196,
0.36115530133247375,
0.40570157766342163,
0.15564490854740143,
0.05113630369305611,
-0.018412219360470772,
-0.3924044966697693,
0.04630599915981293,
-0.3031092584133148,
-0.11682790517807007,
-0.1458851546049118,
-0.047622330... | Later chapters provide evidence that evolution has occurred, supporting the idea of branching, adaptive evolution without directly proving that selection is the mechanism. Darwin presents supporting facts drawn from many disciplines, showing that his theory could explain a myriad of observations from many fields of nat... | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | Army | 91,524 |
5725d01989a1e219009abf2b | Apollo_program | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | When was the decision made to replace the Nova rockets with the Saturn V? | {
"answer_start": [
590,
599,
590,
590,
590
],
"text": [
"June 11, 1962",
"1962",
"June 11, 1962",
"June 11, 1962",
"June 11, 1962"
]
} | When was the decision made to replace the [MASK] rockets with [MASK]? | [
0.10442205518484116,
0.22077903151512146,
0.22632737457752228,
0.2066052109003067,
-0.17174112796783447,
0.01259353943169117,
-0.21491608023643494,
-0.3098805844783783,
-0.004442008677870035,
-0.195185586810112,
-0.37280452251434326,
0.26097235083580017,
-0.07124146074056625,
-0.0280915386... | Extraordinary circumstances called for extraordinary sacrifice: in one of the many crises of the Second Punic War, Jupiter Capitolinus was promised every animal born that spring (see ver sacrum), to be rendered after five more years of protection from Hannibal and his allies. The "contract" with Jupiter is exceptionall... | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | June 11, 1962 | 91,525 |
5725d0e3271a42140099d235 | Apollo_program | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | What did the initial first stages of the Saturn I tests carry? | {
"answer_start": [
101,
101,
101,
101,
101
],
"text": [
"dummy upper stages filled with water",
"dummy upper stages",
"dummy upper stages",
"dummy upper stages filled with water",
"dummy upper stages filled with water."
]
} | What did the initial [MASK] stages of the [MASK] tests carry? | [
0.3037842810153961,
0.12363342195749283,
-0.163227379322052,
0.1804976612329483,
0.1376378834247589,
0.03330275043845177,
0.19542013108730316,
-0.28504037857055664,
0.2013813853263855,
0.11669724434614182,
-0.0027918429113924503,
0.08437573909759521,
0.06077469140291214,
0.0548618026077747... | On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July ... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | dummy upper stages filled with water | 91,526 |
5725d0e3271a42140099d236 | Apollo_program | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | When did the launches of boilerplate CSMs occur in orbit? | {
"answer_start": [
302,
302,
302,
302,
302
],
"text": [
"1964 and 1965",
"1964",
"1964 and 1965",
"1964 and 1965",
"1964 and 1965"
]
} | When did the launches of boilerplate CSMs occur in orbit? | [
-0.05842301994562149,
0.20417603850364685,
0.21025565266609192,
0.39855965971946716,
0.30774301290512085,
0.24357061088085175,
0.006800967734307051,
-0.07746957987546921,
-0.016628947108983994,
0.07772296667098999,
0.003591984510421753,
0.08698444813489914,
-0.23686222732067108,
-0.0161220... | Each season premieres with the audition round, taking place in different cities. The audition episodes typically feature a mix of potential finalists, interesting characters and woefully inadequate contestants. Each successful contestant receives a golden ticket to proceed on to the next round in Hollywood. Based on th... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | 1964 and 1965 | 91,527 |
5725d0e3271a42140099d237 | Apollo_program | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | What did the last few of the boilerplate CSM launches carry with them? | {
"answer_start": [
395,
395,
395,
395,
395
],
"text": [
"Pegasus satellites",
"Pegasus satellites,",
"Pegasus satellites",
"Pegasus satellites",
"Pegasus satellites"
]
} | What did the last few of the boilerplate [MASK] launches carry with them? | [
-0.007980582304298878,
0.22846092283725739,
-0.013713771477341652,
0.35870933532714844,
0.12328960746526718,
0.3762539327144623,
0.2006160318851471,
-0.25585365295410156,
-0.12260537594556808,
0.15284591913223267,
-0.24898454546928406,
0.10222978889942169,
-0.12230390310287476,
-0.03041537... | Located in Southern Europe, Greece consists of a mountainous, peninsular mainland jutting out into the sea at the southern end of the Balkans, ending at the Peloponnese peninsula (separated from the mainland by the canal of the Isthmus of Corinth) and strategically located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa.... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | Pegasus satellites | 91,528 |
5725d0e3271a42140099d238 | Apollo_program | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | What did Pegasus satellites measure to propose the safety of the environment in space and on the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
488,
448,
514,
434,
514
],
"text": [
"frequency and severity of micrometeorite impacts",
"translunar environment by measuring the frequency and severity of micrometeorite impacts.",
"micrometeorite impacts",
"safety of the translunar environment",
"micro... | What did [MASK] satellites measure to propose the safety of the environment in space and on the moon? | [
0.39443522691726685,
0.3639065623283386,
0.06397432833909988,
0.23914922773838043,
0.23930200934410095,
0.17054744064807892,
0.09847994148731232,
-0.31414684653282166,
-0.02640542946755886,
0.013803578913211823,
-0.13577713072299957,
0.06410311907529831,
-0.2465439736843109,
-0.26024630665... | Most of Hume's followers have disagreed with his conclusion that belief in an external world is rationally unjustifiable, contending that Hume's own principles implicitly contained the rational justification for such a belief, that is, beyond being content to let the issue rest on human instinct, custom and habit. Acco... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | frequency and severity of micrometeorite impacts | 91,529 |
5725d2ef271a42140099d255 | Apollo_program | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | What was the name of the upgraded Saturn I called? | {
"answer_start": [
4,
59,
4,
4,
4
],
"text": [
"Saturn IB",
"S-IB",
"Saturn IB",
"Saturn IB",
"Saturn IB"
]
} | What was the name of the upgraded [MASK] I called? | [
0.17180144786834717,
0.07321988791227341,
0.144745334982872,
0.1776537001132965,
-0.12015091627836227,
0.17937766015529633,
-0.042577192187309265,
-0.18253149092197418,
0.1751497983932495,
-0.12971480190753937,
-0.03345263749361038,
0.44623738527297974,
-0.003967165946960449,
-0.0417818948... | The crowd roared in approval and Arab audiences were electrified. The assassination attempt backfired, quickly playing into Nasser's hands. Upon returning to Cairo, he ordered one of the largest political crackdowns in the modern history of Egypt, with the arrests of thousands of dissenters, mostly members of the Broth... | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | The Lunar Module (LM) was designed to descend from lunar orbit to land two astronauts on the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations, and was of an ... | Saturn IB | 91,530 |
5725d2ef271a42140099d256 | Apollo_program | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | How much did the second stage increase thrust by with the integration of the S-IVB-200? | {
"answer_start": [
275,
275,
275,
275,
275
],
"text": [
"200,000 lbf",
"200,000 lbf",
"200,000 lbf",
"200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust",
"200,000 lbf"
]
} | How much did the [MASK] stage increase thrust by with the integration of [MASK] | [
-0.30669012665748596,
-0.11848755925893784,
0.29928216338157654,
0.15846265852451324,
-0.11604129523038864,
0.4107935130596161,
-0.01554136909544468,
-0.4514131247997284,
0.030325621366500854,
-0.21644099056720734,
-0.054215382784605026,
0.33626309037208557,
0.13560570776462555,
-0.1200062... | Though they have not had the level of exposure as other wrestlers, bears have long been a part of professional wrestling. Usually declawed and muzzled, they often wrestled shoot matches against audience members, offered a cash reward if they could pin the bear. They also wrestled professionals in worked, often battle r... | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | 200,000 lbf | 91,531 |
5725d2ef271a42140099d257 | Apollo_program | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | The S-IVB-200 was used in what stage of the Saturn V? | {
"answer_start": [
358,
358,
358,
143
],
"text": [
"third stage",
"third",
"third stage",
"second stage"
]
} | [MASK] was used in what stage of [MASK]? | [
0.04696263000369072,
0.0441400445997715,
-0.24298839271068573,
0.26894742250442505,
0.19638997316360474,
0.24497494101524353,
0.07800890505313873,
-0.27249789237976074,
0.007289577275514603,
0.15823693573474884,
0.017091382294893265,
0.19990572333335876,
0.0799630880355835,
-0.093553245067... | When used as a count noun "a culture", is the set of customs, traditions and values of a society or community, such as an ethnic group or nation. In this sense, multiculturalism is a concept that values the peaceful coexistence and mutual respect between different cultures inhabiting the same territory. Sometimes "cult... | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | In 1953, Korolev was given the go-ahead to develop the R-7 Semyorka rocket, which represented a major advance from the German design. Although some of its components (notably boosters) still resembled the German G-4, the new rocket incorporated staged design, a completely new control system, and a new fuel. It was succ... | third stage | 91,532 |
5725d2ef271a42140099d258 | Apollo_program | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | How much weight could the Saturn IB send into space with this amount of thrust? | {
"answer_start": [
417,
417,
417,
417,
412
],
"text": [
"40,000 pounds",
"40,000 pounds",
"40,000 pounds",
"40,000 pounds (18,100 kg)",
"over 40,000 pounds"
]
} | How much weight could [MASK] send into space with this amount of thrust? | [
0.07097657024860382,
-0.0160355344414711,
-0.013723333366215229,
0.38420742750167847,
-0.28420379757881165,
0.22995445132255554,
-0.01474024634808302,
-0.41704103350639343,
-0.13281583786010742,
-0.047221165150403976,
-0.06271860003471375,
0.06315878033638,
0.1039043441414833,
0.0740191712... | The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so large – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as large trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn... | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center. A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch... | 40,000 pounds | 91,533 |
5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b | Apollo_program | The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | What was intended to take a CSM and LM, fully fueled, to the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
4,
16,
16,
16,
16
],
"text": [
"three-stage Saturn V",
"Saturn V",
"Saturn V",
"Saturn V",
"Saturn V"
]
} | What was intended to take a [MASK] and [MASK], fully fueled, to the [MASK]? | [
0.2774477005004883,
-0.11461198329925537,
0.005472654476761818,
0.4026499092578888,
0.029860079288482666,
0.017400668933987617,
0.2541810870170593,
-0.1493917852640152,
0.13199836015701294,
0.1790657788515091,
-0.11990983784198761,
0.18319381773471832,
0.005856422241777182,
-0.220058321952... | In intelligent mammals, such as primates, the cerebrum is larger relative to the rest of the brain. Intelligence itself is not easy to define, but indications of intelligence include the ability to learn, matched with behavioral flexibility. Rats, for example, are considered to be highly intelligent, as they can learn ... | The Apollo program succeeded in achieving its goal of manned lunar landing, despite the major setback of a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire that killed the entire crew during a prelaunch test. After the first landing, sufficient flight hardware remained for nine follow-on landings with a plan for extended lunar geological and ... | Korolev's lunar landing program was designated N1/L3, for its N1 superbooster and a more advanced Soyuz 7K-L3 spacecraft, also known as the lunar orbital module ("Lunniy Orbitalny Korabl", LOK), with a crew of two. A separate lunar lander ("Lunniy Korabl", LK), would carry a single cosmonaut to the lunar surface. | three-stage Saturn V | 91,534 |
5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c | Apollo_program | The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | What was the diameter of the Saturn V in feet? | {
"answer_start": [
92,
92,
92,
92
],
"text": [
"33 feet",
"33",
"33",
"33"
]
} | What was the diameter of [MASK] in feet? | [
-0.14809590578079224,
0.28309714794158936,
0.05619687959551811,
0.29740720987319946,
-0.13555192947387695,
0.18048875033855438,
0.21915550529956818,
-0.1536594033241272,
-0.49449077248573303,
0.0012614652514457703,
0.1937834620475769,
-0.1567806899547577,
-0.004013248719274998,
0.223258733... | The gender of God may be viewed as either a literal or an allegorical aspect of a deity who, in classical western philosophy, transcends bodily form. Polytheistic religions commonly attribute to each of the gods a gender, allowing each to interact with any of the others, and perhaps with humans, sexually. In most monot... | The Apollo program succeeded in achieving its goal of manned lunar landing, despite the major setback of a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire that killed the entire crew during a prelaunch test. After the first landing, sufficient flight hardware remained for nine follow-on landings with a plan for extended lunar geological and ... | The Soviet Zond spacecraft was not yet ready for piloted circumlunar missions in 1968, after five unsuccessful and partially successful automated test launches: Cosmos 146 on March 10, 1967; Cosmos 154 on April 8, 1967; Zond 1967A September 27, 1967; Zond 1967B on November 22, 1967. Zond 4 was launched on March 2, 1968... | 33 feet | 91,535 |
5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d | Apollo_program | The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | How many stages did the Saturn V end up having? | {
"answer_start": [
4,
506,
4,
4,
4
],
"text": [
"three",
"third",
"three",
"three-stage",
"three"
]
} | How many stages did [MASK] end up having? | [
0.16001494228839874,
-0.10748796164989471,
0.13455405831336975,
0.1608686000108719,
0.40254729986190796,
0.3569871783256531,
0.1717708855867386,
-0.05953192710876465,
-0.08773870766162872,
0.07729212939739227,
0.06362554430961609,
0.0551246777176857,
0.03789917007088661,
0.0431659780442714... | In the Alicante province Catalan is being replaced by Spanish, and in Alghero by Italian. There are also well ingrained diglossic attitudes against Catalan in the Valencian Community, Ibiza, and to a lesser extent, in the rest of the Balearic islands. | In 1953, Korolev was given the go-ahead to develop the R-7 Semyorka rocket, which represented a major advance from the German design. Although some of its components (notably boosters) still resembled the German G-4, the new rocket incorporated staged design, a completely new control system, and a new fuel. It was succ... | In 1958, Korolev upgraded the R-7 to be able to launch a 400-kilogram (880 lb) payload to the Moon. Three secret 1958 attempts to launch Luna E-1-class impactor probes failed. The fourth attempt, Luna 1, launched successfully on January 2, 1959, but missed the Moon. The fifth attempt on June 18 also failed at launch. T... | three | 91,536 |
5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e | Apollo_program | The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | What did the second stage in the Saturn V end up doing? | {
"answer_start": [
474,
474,
474,
474,
474
],
"text": [
"burned liquid hydrogen",
"burned liquid hydrogen",
"burned liquid hydrogen",
"burned liquid hydrogen",
"burned liquid hydrogen"
]
} | What did the [MASK] stage in [MASK] end up doing? | [
0.0281634833663702,
-0.07768955081701279,
0.34915146231651306,
0.35890835523605347,
0.3378106951713562,
0.054420553147792816,
0.27735379338264465,
-0.038153138011693954,
0.06965406239032745,
0.011206476017832756,
-0.15263646841049194,
0.05082608014345169,
0.14834898710250854,
0.06520982086... | Some countries have multiple "supreme courts" whose respective jurisdictions have different geographical extents, or which are restricted to particular areas of law. In particular, countries with a federal system of government typically[citation needed] have both a federal supreme court (such as the Supreme Court of th... | The Apollo program succeeded in achieving its goal of manned lunar landing, despite the major setback of a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire that killed the entire crew during a prelaunch test. After the first landing, sufficient flight hardware remained for nine follow-on landings with a plan for extended lunar geological and ... | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | burned liquid hydrogen | 91,537 |
5725d51589a1e219009abf6e | Apollo_program | The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups. All missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans. Crews on all development flights (except the Earth orbit CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, in... | From what project groups were the Apollo astronauts selected? | {
"answer_start": [
51,
51,
51,
43,
51
],
"text": [
"Mercury and Gemini",
"Mercury",
"Mercury and Gemini",
"Project Mercury and Gemini",
"Mercury and Gemini"
]
} | From what project groups were the [MASK] astronauts selected? | [
0.44903692603111267,
0.31874218583106995,
-0.002718225121498108,
0.3459644317626953,
0.2047077715396881,
0.5475517511367798,
-0.17506363987922668,
-0.4178273677825928,
-0.1257084757089615,
-0.04148223623633385,
-0.3164517283439636,
0.21010363101959229,
-0.1338350623846054,
-0.2388369292020... | Through Victoria's reign, the gradual establishment of a modern constitutional monarchy in Britain continued. Reforms of the voting system increased the power of the House of Commons at the expense of the House of Lords and the monarch. In 1867, Walter Bagehot wrote that the monarch only retained "the right to be consu... | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | Mercury and Gemini | 91,538 |
5725d51589a1e219009abf6f | Apollo_program | The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups. All missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans. Crews on all development flights (except the Earth orbit CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, in... | How many Apollo missions were manned by the previous Mercury and Gemini veterans? | {
"answer_start": [
118,
517,
118,
118
],
"text": [
"All missions",
"17",
"All missions",
"All"
]
} | How many [MASK] missions were manned by the previous [MASK] and [MASK] veterans? | [
0.30273106694221497,
0.40074965357780457,
-0.041755784302949905,
0.1802016645669937,
0.22924208641052246,
0.2914661169052124,
0.15156732499599457,
-0.22591379284858704,
-0.5236551761627197,
0.061402276158332825,
-0.33775582909584045,
0.29573768377304077,
0.15633486211299896,
-0.20316815376... | In 2013, the Peabody Awards honoured Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody "for evolving with technology and the times like nothing else in the known television universe." The programme is listed in Guinness World Records as the longest-running science fiction television show in the world, the "most successful" scie... | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | All missions | 91,539 |
5725d51589a1e219009abf70 | Apollo_program | The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups. All missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans. Crews on all development flights (except the Earth orbit CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, in... | Who was the first NASA scientist in space? | {
"answer_start": [
375,
379,
379,
379,
379
],
"text": [
"Dr. Harrison Schmitt",
"Harrison Schmitt",
"Harrison Schmitt",
"Harrison Schmitt",
"Harrison Schmitt"
]
} | Who was the [MASK] [MASK] scientist in space? | [
0.029968608170747757,
0.34610849618911743,
-0.10183175653219223,
0.48265770077705383,
0.041430287063121796,
0.126768097281456,
-0.024590173736214638,
-0.10022132098674774,
-0.008578130975365639,
0.16120681166648865,
-0.37928280234336853,
-0.16776429116725922,
-0.07967106997966766,
-0.02932... | Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine. Roman emperor Augustus in 12 BC ordered the conquest of the Germans, but the catastrophic Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest resulted in the Roman Empire... | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | The American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a "dress rehearsal" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where t... | Dr. Harrison Schmitt | 91,540 |
5725d51589a1e219009abf71 | Apollo_program | The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups. All missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans. Crews on all development flights (except the Earth orbit CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, in... | Which mission did Schmitt finally land on the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
510,
517,
510,
510,
510
],
"text": [
"Apollo 17",
"17",
"Apollo 17",
"Apollo 17",
"Apollo 17"
]
} | Which mission did [MASK] finally land on the moon? | [
-0.008015142753720284,
0.054551731795072556,
0.2516138255596161,
0.3679479956626892,
0.11028347164392471,
0.08741699159145355,
0.10784925520420074,
-0.12092602998018265,
-0.09681997448205948,
-0.024105539545416832,
-0.3274548351764679,
-0.00444075558334589,
0.18032075464725494,
-0.20706664... | The Grito de Dolores ("Cry of Dolores") also known as El Grito de la Independencia ("Cry of Independence"), uttered from the small town of Dolores near Guanajuato on September 16, 1810, is the event that marks the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence and is the most important national holiday observed in Mexico... | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | In July 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences. Preliminary specifications were laid out for a spacecraft with a mission module cabin separate from the command module (piloting and re-entry cabin), and a propuls... | Apollo 17 | 91,541 |
5725d51589a1e219009abf72 | Apollo_program | The Apollo astronauts were chosen from the Project Mercury and Gemini veterans, plus from two later astronaut groups. All missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans. Crews on all development flights (except the Earth orbit CSM development flights) through the first two landings on Apollo 11 and Apollo 12, in... | Apollo 17 was significant for what reason? | {
"answer_start": [
496,
496,
418,
496
],
"text": [
"last mission",
"last mission",
"first NASA scientist astronaut to fly in space",
"last mission,"
]
} | [MASK] was significant for what reason? | [
0.05336969345808029,
0.19739562273025513,
-0.20220984518527985,
0.2724982500076294,
-0.24810978770256042,
0.019883183762431145,
0.039465755224227905,
-0.025056932121515274,
0.05132463946938515,
0.3089260756969452,
-0.047503452748060226,
-0.27347567677497864,
-0.11319044977426529,
0.2920580... | Mithridates the Great was the ruler of Pontus, a large kingdom in Asia Minor (modern Turkey), from 120 to 63 BC. Mithridates antagonised Rome by seeking to expand his kingdom, and Rome for her part seemed equally eager for war and the spoils and prestige that it might bring. In 88 BC, Mithridates ordered the killing of... | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | last mission | 91,542 |
5725d61038643c19005acdd3 | Apollo_program | NASA awarded all 32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for "distinguished service, ability, or courage", and personal "contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission". The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the ... | How many astronauts visited space on missions and were rewarded for their efforts? | {
"answer_start": [
17,
17,
17,
17,
17
],
"text": [
"32",
"32",
"32",
"32",
"32"
]
} | How many astronauts visited space on missions and were rewarded for their efforts? | [
0.5035628080368042,
0.437723845243454,
0.12092071026563644,
0.27976474165916443,
0.16828006505966187,
0.34730443358421326,
0.15758328139781952,
-0.15759094059467316,
-0.3626168966293335,
-0.05636271834373474,
-0.34489870071411133,
0.17014266550540924,
-0.07755580544471741,
-0.3334946036338... | Urban anthropology is concerned with issues of urbanization, poverty, and neoliberalism. Ulf Hannerz quotes a 1960s remark that traditional anthropologists were "a notoriously agoraphobic lot, anti-urban by definition". Various social processes in the Western World as well as in the "Third World" (the latter being the ... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... | 32 | 91,543 |
5725d61038643c19005acdd4 | Apollo_program | NASA awarded all 32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for "distinguished service, ability, or courage", and personal "contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission". The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the ... | What type of medal did NASA give the astronauts who visited space and the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
63,
63,
63,
63,
63
],
"text": [
"Distinguished Service Medal",
"Distinguished Service Medal",
"Distinguished Service Medal",
"Distinguished Service Medal",
"Distinguished Service Medal,"
]
} | What type of medal did [MASK] give the astronauts who visited space and the moon? | [
0.010648302733898163,
0.5358692407608032,
0.10332049429416656,
0.3206269145011902,
0.1256277859210968,
-0.01933770440518856,
0.06619065999984741,
-0.005837847013026476,
-0.4004301428794861,
0.13471195101737976,
-0.4276452362537384,
0.056214671581983566,
-0.033638738095760345,
0.05120516940... | Due to the legitimate role that referees play in wrestling of serving as liaison between the bookers backstage and the wrestlers in the ring (the role of being a final arbitrator is merely kayfabe), the referee is present, even in matches that do not at first glance appear to require a referee (such as a ladder match, ... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | Distinguished Service Medal | 91,544 |
5725d61038643c19005acdd5 | Apollo_program | NASA awarded all 32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for "distinguished service, ability, or courage", and personal "contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission". The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the ... | In what year were the Distinguished Service Medals awarded to Grissom, White, and Chaffee? | {
"answer_start": [
302,
302,
302,
302,
302
],
"text": [
"1969",
"1969",
"1969",
"1969",
"1969"
]
} | In what year were [MASK] awarded to [MASK], [MASK], and [MASK]? | [
0.09094449132680893,
0.32215970754623413,
-0.1414511501789093,
0.35432714223861694,
0.002958534983918071,
0.26489943265914917,
0.0050876205787062645,
0.03351527452468872,
-0.5275115966796875,
0.21986575424671173,
0.039995890110731125,
0.2409890592098236,
0.12029554694890976,
0.227406084537... | At least where the digital audio tracks were concerned, the sound quality was unsurpassed at the time compared to consumer videotape, but the quality of the analog soundtracks varied greatly depending on the disc and, sometimes, the player. Many early and lower-end LD players had poor analog audio components, and many ... | In July 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences. Preliminary specifications were laid out for a spacecraft with a mission module cabin separate from the command module (piloting and re-entry cabin), and a propuls... | But even after NASA reached internal agreement, it was far from smooth sailing. Kennedy's science advisor Jerome Wiesner, who had expressed his opposition to manned spaceflight to Kennedy before the President took office, and had opposed the decision to land men on the Moon, hired Golovin, who had left NASA, to chair h... | 1969 | 91,545 |
5725d61038643c19005acdd6 | Apollo_program | NASA awarded all 32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for "distinguished service, ability, or courage", and personal "contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission". The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the ... | What happened during the Apollo 7 test mission to elicit them a lesser version of the DSM? | {
"answer_start": [
552,
552,
552,
552
],
"text": [
"discipline problems",
"discipline problems",
"discipline problems",
"discipline problems"
]
} | What happened during the [MASK] test mission to elicit them a lesser version of the [MASK]? | [
0.09011200815439224,
-0.03383079916238785,
-0.10226897895336151,
0.3556438982486725,
0.053637996315956116,
0.006756979040801525,
0.6159167289733887,
-0.32587337493896484,
0.1625695675611496,
-0.08176439255475998,
-0.2695184350013733,
0.0941915214061737,
-0.11438065767288208,
0.117909021675... | In January 1917, the Watch Tower Society's legal representative, Joseph Franklin Rutherford, was elected as its next president. His election was disputed, and members of the Board of Directors accused him of acting in an autocratic and secretive manner. The divisions between his supporters and opponents triggered a maj... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972. First conceived during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a th... | discipline problems | 91,546 |
5725d61038643c19005acdd7 | Apollo_program | NASA awarded all 32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for "distinguished service, ability, or courage", and personal "contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission". The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the ... | From what mission and onward were the DSMs awarded? | {
"answer_start": [
347,
347,
420,
347,
347
],
"text": [
"Apollo 8",
"Apollo 8",
"Apollo 7",
"Apollo 8",
"Apollo 8"
]
} | From what mission and onward were the DSMs awarded? | [
-0.11033712327480316,
0.0909099131822586,
0.12078417837619781,
0.3793577253818512,
0.12755067646503448,
0.010697736404836178,
0.2702968418598175,
-0.201472207903862,
-0.24934625625610352,
-0.1037372350692749,
-0.32960379123687744,
0.26762324571609497,
-0.17560262978076935,
0.11592112481594... | In the laboratory, bacteria are usually grown using solid or liquid media. Solid growth media, such as agar plates, are used to isolate pure cultures of a bacterial strain. However, liquid growth media are used when measurement of growth or large volumes of cells are required. Growth in stirred liquid media occurs as a... | In July 1960, NASA Deputy Administrator Hugh L. Dryden announced the Apollo program to industry representatives at a series of Space Task Group conferences. Preliminary specifications were laid out for a spacecraft with a mission module cabin separate from the command module (piloting and re-entry cabin), and a propuls... | The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extendi... | Apollo 8 | 91,547 |
5725d6cb38643c19005acde7 | Apollo_program | Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | In what year were two Block I CSMs launched? | {
"answer_start": [
67,
67,
67,
67,
67
],
"text": [
"1966",
"1966",
"1966",
"1966",
"1966"
]
} | In what year were [MASK] [MASK] CSMs launched? | [
-0.0525941364467144,
0.3217371106147766,
0.6291002035140991,
0.4125687777996063,
0.08332838118076324,
0.07550821453332901,
-0.22066399455070496,
0.15176385641098022,
-0.33894801139831543,
-0.1883246749639511,
0.043747931718826294,
-0.07070468366146088,
-0.22564232349395752,
0.3391806781291... | The operations of individual brain cells are now understood in considerable detail but the way they cooperate in ensembles of millions is yet to be solved. Recent models in modern neuroscience treat the brain as a biological computer, very different in mechanism from an electronic computer, but similar in the sense tha... | During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program. They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which becam... | The Mark 1 in turn quickly became the prototype for the Ferranti Mark 1, the world's first commercially available general-purpose computer. Built by Ferranti, it was delivered to the University of Manchester in February 1951. At least seven of these later machines were delivered between 1953 and 1957, one of them to Sh... | 1966 | 91,548 |
5725d6cb38643c19005acde8 | Apollo_program | Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | How high in miles did the first block, AS-201, reach when launched? | {
"answer_start": [
158,
158,
180,
158
],
"text": [
"265.7 nautical miles",
"265.7",
"492.1 km",
"265.7"
]
} | How high in miles did the [MASK] block, AS-201, reach when launched? | [
0.0255880169570446,
-0.11107576638460159,
0.4032822549343109,
0.3803500235080719,
-0.1533983051776886,
0.051533930003643036,
0.02184726484119892,
-0.4843427836894989,
-0.12035268545150757,
0.05032474175095558,
-0.023176943883299828,
-0.019575394690036774,
0.03662116453051567,
-0.1728484481... | In April 2008, a £90m contract was signed with Boeing for a "quick fix" solution, so they can fly by 2010: QinetiQ will downgrade the Chinooks—stripping out some of their more advanced equipment. | During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program. They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which becam... | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | 265.7 nautical miles | 91,549 |
5725d6cb38643c19005acde9 | Apollo_program | Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | How far did the second block, AS-202, travel downrange in km? | {
"answer_start": [
398,
314,
336,
230,
397
],
"text": [
"25,700 km",
"617.1",
"1,142.9",
"8,477 km",
"(25,700 km"
]
} | How far did the [MASK] block, AS-202, travel downrange in km? | [
-0.013332855887711048,
-0.14518572390079498,
0.4731847643852234,
0.37433356046676636,
0.121269091963768,
0.17427685856819153,
0.12638193368911743,
-0.25722479820251465,
-0.1909482777118683,
-0.15911871194839478,
-0.1353600025177002,
0.03449072316288948,
-0.040926381945610046,
0.01790476217... | Many minerals provide pigments which have been used in green paints and dyes over the centuries. Pigments, in this case, are minerals which reflect the color green, rather that emitting it through luminescent or phosphorescent qualities. The large number of green pigments makes it impossible to mention them all. Among ... | During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program. They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which becam... | The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar panels and a meteoro... | 25,700 km | 91,550 |
5725d6cb38643c19005acdea | Apollo_program | Two Block I CSMs were launched from LC-34 on suborbital flights in 1966 with the Saturn IB. The first, AS-201 launched on February 26, reached an altitude of 265.7 nautical miles (492.1 km) and splashed down 4,577 nautical miles (8,477 km) downrange in the Atlantic ocean. The second, AS-202 on August 25, reached 617.1 ... | What did these flights test on the CM? | {
"answer_start": [
514,
455,
514,
469,
514
],
"text": [
"heat shield",
"validated the Service Module engine and the Command Module heat shield.",
"heat shield",
"Service Module engine and the Command Module heat shield",
"heat shield."
]
} | What did these flights test on the CM? | [
0.09516651183366776,
0.2525612711906433,
0.20477311313152313,
0.677616536617279,
0.301399827003479,
0.08230290561914444,
-0.17319811880588531,
-0.32401570677757263,
-0.2103768140077591,
0.05527059733867645,
0.09142056852579117,
-0.22478191554546356,
0.021180059760808945,
-0.130494400858879... | Many early 19th-century neoclassical architects were influenced by the drawings and projects of Étienne-Louis Boullée and Claude Nicolas Ledoux. The many graphite drawings of Boullée and his students depict spare geometrical architecture that emulates the eternality of the universe. There are links between Boullée's id... | During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program. They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which becam... | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | heat shield | 91,551 |
5725d79e89a1e219009abf90 | Apollo_program | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | How many people were on the test flight of the AS-206? | {
"answer_start": [
9,
9,
9,
9
],
"text": [
"unmanned",
"unmanned",
"unmanned",
"unmanned"
]
} | How many people were on the test flight of [MASK]? | [
0.4248100221157074,
0.08833896368741989,
0.04845608398318291,
0.4264131188392639,
0.12751471996307373,
0.25125548243522644,
-0.011546489782631397,
-0.2972845137119293,
-0.06740747392177582,
-0.028555667027831078,
-0.04839525371789932,
0.2774125635623932,
-0.24329788982868195,
-0.3194179832... | To maintain a high constant body temperature is energy expensive – mammals therefore need a nutritious and plentiful diet. While the earliest mammals were probably predators, different species have since adapted to meet their dietary requirements in a variety of ways. Some eat other animals – this is a carnivorous diet... | Most of the novice pilots on the early missions would command the later missions. In this way, Project Gemini built up spaceflight experience for the pool of astronauts who would be chosen to fly the Apollo lunar missions. | The American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a "dress rehearsal" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where t... | unmanned | 91,552 |
5725d79e89a1e219009abf91 | Apollo_program | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | What were the astronauts wearing during the dual mission AS-278? | {
"answer_start": [
348,
348,
348,
348,
348
],
"text": [
"new Apollo spacesuit",
"new Apollo spacesuit",
"new Apollo spacesuit, designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity",
"new Apollo spacesuit",
"new Apollo spacesuit"
]
} | What were the astronauts wearing during the dual mission [MASK]? | [
0.5614203810691833,
0.1282041072845459,
-0.1776243895292282,
0.5044026374816895,
0.1640162616968155,
0.24979285895824432,
0.27917203307151794,
-0.2773829996585846,
-0.24692289531230927,
0.045682452619075775,
-0.3013615012168884,
0.4337087869644165,
-0.2825610339641571,
-0.31445327401161194... | The ESA requires that critical habitat be designated at the time of or within one year of a species being placed on the endangered list. In practice, most designations occur several years after listing. Between 1978 and 1986 the FWS regularly designated critical habitat. In 1986 the Reagan Administration issued a regul... | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | Korolev's lunar landing program was designated N1/L3, for its N1 superbooster and a more advanced Soyuz 7K-L3 spacecraft, also known as the lunar orbital module ("Lunniy Orbitalny Korabl", LOK), with a crew of two. A separate lunar lander ("Lunniy Korabl", LK), would carry a single cosmonaut to the lunar surface. | new Apollo spacesuit | 91,553 |
5725d79e89a1e219009abf92 | Apollo_program | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | What was originally on the spacesuits prior to the clear "fishbowl" helmet? | {
"answer_start": [
435,
447,
447,
447,
447
],
"text": [
"traditional visor helmet",
"visor helmet",
"visor helmet",
"visor helmet",
"visor helmet"
]
} | What was originally on the spacesuits prior to the clear "fishbowl" helmet? | [
0.07689400017261505,
0.036515697836875916,
-0.02510061301290989,
0.31300535798072815,
0.31255683302879333,
0.32402968406677246,
-0.14278146624565125,
0.1306762844324112,
0.04053026810288429,
-0.19235505163669586,
0.04683665186166763,
0.15389348566532135,
-0.08121789991855621,
-0.1761254370... | According to the Omnipotence paradox or 'Paradox of the Stone', can God create a stone so heavy that he cannot lift it? Either he can or he can’t. If he can’t, the argument goes, then there is something that he cannot do, namely create the stone, and therefore he is not omnipotent. If he can, it continues, then there i... | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | traditional visor helmet | 91,554 |
5725d79e89a1e219009abf93 | Apollo_program | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | What type of undergarment, if any, was included into the Apollo spacesuit? | {
"answer_start": [
571,
573,
573,
573,
573
],
"text": [
"a water-cooled undergarment",
"water-cooled undergarment.",
"water-cooled",
"water-cooled undergarment",
"water-cooled undergarment."
]
} | What type of undergarment, if any, was included into the [MASK] spacesuit? | [
0.2679450809955597,
0.20716816186904907,
-0.22922037541866302,
0.5024775266647339,
0.3308774530887604,
0.19331084191799164,
0.023896334692835808,
-0.023218754678964615,
0.004051294177770615,
-0.08573346585035324,
-0.3979369103908539,
0.15503473579883575,
-0.2735992670059204,
-0.28080153465... | Protestantism spread in Europe during the 16th century. Lutheranism spread from Germany into its surrounding areas,[c] Denmark,[d] Norway,[e] Sweden,[f] Finland,[g] Prussia,[h] Latvia,[i], Estonia,[j] and Iceland,[k] as well as other smaller territories. Reformed churches were founded primarily in Germany and its adjac... | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | a water-cooled undergarment | 91,555 |
5725d79e89a1e219009abf94 | Apollo_program | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | What did the LMP acronym stand for regarding the Block II launch positions? | {
"answer_start": [
285,
285,
285,
285,
285
],
"text": [
"Lunar Module Pilot",
"Lunar Module Pilot",
"Lunar Module Pilot",
"Lunar Module Pilot",
"Lunar Module Pilot"
]
} | What did the LMP acronym stand for regarding the [MASK] launch positions? | [
0.27018994092941284,
0.1315264105796814,
0.1349930316209793,
0.11655456572771072,
0.033534374088048935,
0.3982023000717163,
-0.31318846344947815,
0.07180697470903397,
-0.27212560176849365,
0.28898757696151733,
-0.19075606763362885,
-0.057491693645715714,
-0.20363718271255493,
-0.1589089184... | The Appalachian Mountains (i/ˌæpəˈleɪʃᵻn/ or /ˌæpəˈlætʃᵻn/,[note 1] French: les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period and once reached elevations similar to those of the Alp... | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and sending Apollo 8 into... | Lunar Module Pilot | 91,556 |
5725d8a3271a42140099d28f | Apollo_program | Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot. But Eisele dislocated his shoulder twice aboard the KC1... | Who selected the first Apollo crew? | {
"answer_start": [
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"text": [
"Deke Slayton",
"Deke Slayton,",
"Deke Slayton",
"Deke Slayton",
"Deke Slayton"
]
} | Who selected the [MASK] [MASK] crew? | [
0.09707493335008621,
-0.0457984060049057,
0.060200102627277374,
0.41745105385780334,
0.2934022545814514,
0.5784181356430054,
0.003872249973937869,
-0.40895920991897583,
-0.059801287949085236,
-0.005133728496730328,
-0.1684156060218811,
0.343885600566864,
-0.0656140148639679,
-0.35989066958... | Yale has produced alumni distinguished in their respective fields. Among the best-known are U.S. Presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush; royals Crown Princess Victoria Bernadotte, Prince Rostislav Romanov and Prince Akiiki Hosea Nyabongo; heads of state, includin... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | Most of the novice pilots on the early missions would command the later missions. In this way, Project Gemini built up spaceflight experience for the pool of astronauts who would be chosen to fly the Apollo lunar missions. | Deke Slayton | 91,557 |
5725d8a3271a42140099d290 | Apollo_program | Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot. But Eisele dislocated his shoulder twice aboard the KC1... | For which project did Deke Slayton work with before becoming Director of Flight Crew Operations? | {
"answer_start": [
27,
248,
27,
27,
27
],
"text": [
"Mercury",
"Eisele",
"Mercury",
"Mercury astronaut",
"Mercury"
]
} | For which project did [MASK] work with before becoming [MASK]? | [
0.433371901512146,
-0.05883179232478142,
-0.25065645575523376,
0.15892808139324188,
0.38969722390174866,
0.3898441195487976,
-0.07997141033411026,
-0.2883208394050598,
-0.03179776668548584,
0.07348308712244034,
0.20182806253433228,
0.12579162418842316,
0.12481333315372467,
-0.1996578127145... | The book was written for non-specialist readers and attracted widespread interest upon its publication. As Darwin was an eminent scientist, his findings were taken seriously and the evidence he presented generated scientific, philosophical, and religious discussion. The debate over the book contributed to the campaign ... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | Mercury | 91,558 |
5725d8a3271a42140099d291 | Apollo_program | Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot. But Eisele dislocated his shoulder twice aboard the KC1... | What year did Slayton select the first Apollo crew? | {
"answer_start": [
169,
498,
498,
161,
169
],
"text": [
"1966",
"1966",
"1966",
"January 1966",
"1966"
]
} | What year did [MASK] select the [MASK] [MASK] crew? | [
-0.023985223844647408,
0.09275397658348083,
0.014711217023432255,
0.22043901681900024,
0.10801682621240616,
0.47234979271888733,
-0.06593335419893265,
-0.20630942285060883,
-0.13165418803691864,
0.010437969118356705,
0.05116938799619675,
0.3028382360935211,
0.023860320448875427,
-0.2394161... | Judging relationships based on shared characters requires care, since plants may resemble one another through convergent evolution in which characters have arisen independently. Some euphorbias have leafless, rounded bodies adapted to water conservation similar to those of globular cacti, but characters such as the str... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | 1966 | 91,559 |
5725d8a3271a42140099d292 | Apollo_program | Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot. But Eisele dislocated his shoulder twice aboard the KC1... | Who was the original pilot for the first Apollo mission? | {
"answer_start": [
240,
399,
240,
180,
269
],
"text": [
"Donn F. Eisele",
"Slayton",
"Donn F. Eisele",
"Grissom",
"Eisele"
]
} | Who was the original pilot for the [MASK] [MASK] mission? | [
-0.029663600027561188,
0.0040607997216284275,
-0.07546956092119217,
0.41148993372917175,
0.3751276731491089,
0.16469675302505493,
-0.055771730840206146,
-0.34736770391464233,
0.0807127133011818,
-0.001507713575847447,
-0.20894265174865723,
0.14305737614631653,
-0.23188751935958862,
-0.3814... | Drug trafficking is the major illegal source of income in Tajikistan as it is an important transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; some opium poppy is also raised locally for the domestic market. However, with the increasing assistance from international... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | After an unmanned LM test flight AS-206, a crew would fly the first Block II CSM and LM in a dual mission known as AS-207/208, or AS-278 (each spacecraft would be launched on a separate Saturn IB.) The Block II crew positions were titled Commander (CDR) Command Module Pilot (CMP) and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP). The astro... | Donn F. Eisele | 91,560 |
5725d8a3271a42140099d293 | Apollo_program | Deke Slayton, the grounded Mercury astronaut who became Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs, selected the first Apollo crew in January 1966, with Grissom as Command Pilot, White as Senior Pilot, and rookie Donn F. Eisele as Pilot. But Eisele dislocated his shoulder twice aboard the KC1... | What crew did Eisele eventually get relocated to after having surgery and not making the first mission? | {
"answer_start": [
759,
425,
744,
744,
759
],
"text": [
"AS-205",
"Chaffee",
"prime",
"prime crew",
"AS-205"
]
} | What crew did [MASK] eventually get relocated to after having surgery and not making the [MASK] mission? | [
0.15459375083446503,
-0.05040549859404564,
0.1495714634656906,
0.20226287841796875,
0.5479164719581604,
0.2635580003261566,
0.35961252450942993,
-0.22436334192752838,
-0.3104894161224365,
-0.02839098684489727,
-0.3393544554710388,
-0.03628871589899063,
0.010231184773147106,
-0.169923573732... | With the gradual weakening of the Marathas in the aftermath of the three Anglo-Maratha wars, the British also secured the Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat, the fort of Ahmmadnagar, province of Cuttack (which included Mughalbandi/the coastal part of Odisha... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | The Apollo program succeeded in achieving its goal of manned lunar landing, despite the major setback of a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire that killed the entire crew during a prelaunch test. After the first landing, sufficient flight hardware remained for nine follow-on landings with a plan for extended lunar geological and ... | AS-205 | 91,561 |
5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b | Apollo_program | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | What happened to the AS-205 mission originally? | {
"answer_start": [
41,
41,
41,
41,
41
],
"text": [
"canceled",
"canceled",
"canceled",
"canceled",
"canceled"
]
} | What happened to the [MASK] mission originally? | [
0.02312992326915264,
0.06307677924633026,
-0.2746841311454773,
0.17539866268634796,
0.16577261686325073,
-0.04085279256105423,
0.36473873257637024,
0.010097426362335682,
-0.06728043407201767,
0.043274637311697006,
-0.36110326647758484,
-0.026143908500671387,
0.08079595863819122,
-0.1119333... | The Lunar Module (LM) was designed to descend from lunar orbit to land two astronauts on the Moon and take them back to orbit to rendezvous with the Command Module. Not designed to fly through the Earth's atmosphere or return to Earth, its fuselage was designed totally without aerodynamic considerations, and was of an ... | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | canceled | 91,562 |
5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c | Apollo_program | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | In what month and year was the AS-258 scheduled to launch? | {
"answer_start": [
355,
355,
355,
362
],
"text": [
"August 1967",
"August 1967",
"August 1967",
"1967"
]
} | In what month and year was [MASK] scheduled to launch? | [
0.12289934605360031,
0.1583101749420166,
0.05396213382482529,
0.3406703472137451,
-0.0050521595403552055,
0.20373716950416565,
-0.2513693869113922,
0.13693328201770782,
-0.09305993467569351,
0.06084518879652023,
0.0451093427836895,
-0.003789988113567233,
-0.09991658478975296,
0.27529489994... | On 7 May 2010, May and Taylor announced that they were quitting their record label, EMI, after almost 40 years. On 20 August 2010, Queen's manager Jim Beach put out a Newsletter stating that the band had signed a new contract with Universal Music. During an interview for Hardtalk on the BBC on 22 September, May confirm... | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | The Saturn IB was an upgraded version of the Saturn I. The S-IB first stage increased the thrust to 1,600,000 pounds-force (7,120 kN), and the second stage replaced the S-IV with the S-IVB-200, powered by a single J-2 engine burning liquid hydrogen fuel with LOX, to produce 200,000 lbf (890 kN) of thrust. A restartable... | August 1967 | 91,563 |
5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d | Apollo_program | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | What was the dual mission AS-258 a combination of? | {
"answer_start": [
321,
321,
321,
321,
321
],
"text": [
"AS-205/208",
"AS-205/208",
"AS-205/208",
"AS-205/208",
"AS-205/208"
]
} | What was the dual mission [MASK] a combination of? | [
0.3250962793827057,
-0.08167719095945358,
-0.40927982330322266,
0.27867618203163147,
-0.10248492658138275,
0.1953585296869278,
0.30615952610969543,
-0.006645645014941692,
-0.3240017294883728,
-0.03686434403061867,
-0.20864906907081604,
0.14232037961483002,
-0.41033050417900085,
-0.16044101... | In developing countries, with high poverty and poor schooling opportunities, child labour is still prevalent. In 2010, sub-saharan Africa had the highest incidence rates of child labour, with several African nations witnessing over 50 percent of children aged 5–14 working. Worldwide agriculture is the largest employer ... | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | AS-205/208 | 91,564 |
5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e | Apollo_program | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | Where were Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham relocated to after different astronauts were selected for the AS-258 mission? | {
"answer_start": [
498,
405,
498,
498,
498
],
"text": [
"Apollo 1 backup crew",
"promoted",
"Apollo 1 backup crew",
"Apollo 1 backup crew",
"Apollo 1 backup crew."
]
} | Where were [MASK], [MASK] and [MASK] relocated to after different astronauts were selected for the [MASK] mission? | [
0.33580827713012695,
0.06690000742673874,
0.1968017816543579,
0.2597322165966034,
0.49483561515808105,
0.3868345022201538,
0.0894351378083229,
-0.3493983745574951,
-0.34774264693260193,
-0.1533569097518921,
-0.43295690417289734,
0.01625162549316883,
-0.06918887048959732,
-0.098257347941398... | Inflammation is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection. The symptoms of inflammation are redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are caused by increased blood flow into tissue. Inflammation is produced by eicosanoids and cytokines, which are released by injured or infected cells. Eicosanoids incl... | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | NASA immediately convened an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress. While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control." At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb,... | Apollo 1 backup crew | 91,565 |
5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab | Apollo_program | The problems with North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a "tiger team" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections. Phillips documented his findings in a December 19 letter to NAA... | Who was appointed to head a team to find the problems North America had regarding manned space flight? | {
"answer_start": [
151,
115,
151,
151,
151
],
"text": [
"Samuel Phillips",
"Mueller",
"Samuel Phillips",
"Samuel Phillips",
"Samuel Phillips"
]
} | Who was appointed to head a team to find the problems [MASK] had regarding manned space flight? | [
-0.013763253577053547,
0.27146589756011963,
-0.12868079543113708,
0.3737640678882599,
0.05093846097588539,
0.09271572530269623,
-0.14187416434288025,
-0.3762509822845459,
-0.05804400518536568,
-0.008490141481161118,
-0.3849151134490967,
0.21249105036258698,
-0.08744701743125916,
-0.1331803... | Wind instruments became more refined in the Classical era. While double reeded instruments like the oboe and bassoon became somewhat standardized in the Baroque, the clarinet family of single reeds was not widely used until Mozart expanded its role in orchestral, chamber, and concerto settings. | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extendi... | Samuel Phillips | 91,566 |
5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac | Apollo_program | The problems with North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a "tiger team" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections. Phillips documented his findings in a December 19 letter to NAA... | What was the nickname given to the team Samuel Phillips was appointed to? | {
"answer_start": [
177,
178,
178,
178,
177
],
"text": [
"\"tiger team\"",
"tiger",
"tiger team",
"tiger team",
"\"tiger team\""
]
} | What was the nickname given to the team [MASK] was appointed to? | [
-0.07167123258113861,
-0.13746044039726257,
-0.30666619539260864,
0.2324567288160324,
-0.11552612483501434,
0.021984528750181198,
-0.10761532932519913,
0.06114635989069939,
-0.4339214265346527,
-0.07060552388429642,
-0.108890101313591,
0.13076122105121613,
-0.217035174369812,
-0.1865371912... | Though it was known in the nineteenth century that bacteria are the cause of many diseases, no effective antibacterial treatments were available. In 1910, Paul Ehrlich developed the first antibiotic, by changing dyes that selectively stained Treponema pallidum — the spirochaete that causes syphilis — into compounds tha... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | Seamans' establishment of an ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961, to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program, represented a turning point in NASA's mission mode decision. This committee recognized that the chosen mode was an important part of ... | "tiger team" | 91,567 |
5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad | Apollo_program | The problems with North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a "tiger team" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections. Phillips documented his findings in a December 19 letter to NAA... | What year was the first manned flight with the Lunar Module scheduled? | {
"answer_start": [
611,
60,
611,
611,
611
],
"text": [
"1967",
"1965",
"1967",
"1967",
"1967"
]
} | What year was the [MASK] manned flight with [MASK] scheduled? | [
-0.16478541493415833,
0.24637256562709808,
0.14349454641342163,
0.36567768454551697,
0.2243245393037796,
0.14571994543075562,
0.00879715383052826,
-0.026896461844444275,
-0.1329101324081421,
0.10226587951183319,
-0.029045138508081436,
-0.0007654397049918771,
-0.0302639901638031,
-0.0737710... | Newton's Second Law asserts the direct proportionality of acceleration to force and the inverse proportionality of acceleration to mass. Accelerations can be defined through kinematic measurements. However, while kinematics are well-described through reference frame analysis in advanced physics, there are still deep qu... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | 1967 | 91,568 |
5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae | Apollo_program | The problems with North American were severe enough in late 1965 to cause Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller to appoint program director Samuel Phillips to head a "tiger team" to investigate North American's problems and identify corrections. Phillips documented his findings in a December 19 letter to NAA... | Who appointed Samuel Phillips to man the tiger team to find answers? | {
"answer_start": [
108,
472,
108,
108,
115
],
"text": [
"George Mueller",
"Seamans",
"George Mueller",
"George Mueller",
"Mueller"
]
} | Who appointed [MASK] to man the tiger team to find answers? | [
0.10191645473241806,
-0.014344354160130024,
-0.5280892252922058,
0.3599807024002075,
0.21842670440673828,
0.16238529980182648,
0.19015754759311676,
-0.35252997279167175,
-0.15614254772663116,
0.06657817959785461,
-0.42721784114837646,
0.2063545286655426,
-0.4108182191848755,
-0.25504368543... | Schwarzenegger's first political appointment was as chairman of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, on which he served from 1990 to 1993. He was nominated by George H. W. Bush, who dubbed him "Conan the Republican". He later served as Chairman for the California Governor's Council on Physical Fitnes... | It also became clear that Apollo would outgrow the Canaveral launch facilities in Florida. The two newest launch complexes were already being built for the Saturn I and IB rockets at the northernmost end: LC-34 and LC-37. But an even bigger facility would be needed for the mammoth rocket required for the manned lunar m... | At the outset of the Korean War the CIA still only had a few thousand employees, a thousand of whom worked in analysis. Intelligence primarily came from the Office of Reports and Estimates, which drew its reports from a daily take of State Department telegrams, military dispatches, and other public documents. The CIA s... | George Mueller | 91,569 |
5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd | Apollo_program | Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center. A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch... | Where did Apollo 1's crew conduct tests at Kennedy Space Center? | {
"answer_start": [
201,
201,
201,
201
],
"text": [
"altitude chamber",
"altitude chamber",
"altitude chamber",
"altitude chamber"
]
} | Where did [MASK] 's crew conduct tests at [MASK]? | [
0.26093384623527527,
0.184703066945076,
-0.10570859909057617,
0.3704698979854584,
0.6638407111167908,
0.11975933611392975,
0.263107031583786,
-0.2453860342502594,
-0.0887199342250824,
0.02176552079617977,
-0.06582775712013245,
0.018037011846899986,
0.0009266617125831544,
-0.379690021276474... | With too low a bit rate, compression artifacts (i.e., sounds that were not present in the original recording) may be audible in the reproduction. Some audio is hard to compress because of its randomness and sharp attacks. When this type of audio is compressed, artifacts such as ringing or pre-echo are usually heard. A ... | Von Braun and his team were sent to the United States Army's White Sands Proving Ground, located in New Mexico, in 1945. They set about assembling the captured V2s and began a program of launching them and instructing American engineers in their operation. These tests led to the first rocket to take photos from outer s... | Before the Apollo program began, Wernher von Braun and his team of rocket engineers had started work on plans for very large launch vehicles, the Saturn series, and the even larger Nova series. In the midst of these plans, von Braun was transferred from the Army to NASA, and made Director of the Marshall Space Flight C... | altitude chamber | 91,570 |
5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be | Apollo_program | Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center. A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch... | Who was the main crew of Apollo 1, of which they named themselves? | {
"answer_start": [
0,
57,
0,
0
],
"text": [
"Grissom, White, and Chaffee",
"Apollo 1",
"Grissom, White, and Chaffee",
"Grissom, White, and Chaffee"
]
} | Who was the main crew of [MASK], of which they named themselves? | [
-0.05821535363793373,
0.3193705379962921,
-0.22285787761211395,
0.2849993109703064,
0.1666947454214096,
0.4389925003051758,
-0.013013205491006374,
0.04876629263162613,
-0.3211928904056549,
0.0269419364631176,
-0.20612789690494537,
0.2197549045085907,
-0.11040027439594269,
-0.14973415434360... | Many machine models different from the standard multi-tape Turing machines have been proposed in the literature, for example random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power. The time and memory consumption of these alternate ... | Von Braun and his team were sent to the United States Army's White Sands Proving Ground, located in New Mexico, in 1945. They set about assembling the captured V2s and began a program of launching them and instructing American engineers in their operation. These tests led to the first rocket to take photos from outer s... | The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascent to orbit, losing one of its solar panels and a meteoro... | Grissom, White, and Chaffee | 91,571 |
5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf | Apollo_program | Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center. A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch... | What was a plugs-out test done to simulate on the LC-34? | {
"answer_start": [
314,
303,
303,
303,
314
],
"text": [
"launch countdown",
"simulate a launch countdown on",
"simulate a launch countdown",
"simulate a launch countdown",
"launch countdown"
]
} | What was a plugs- out test done to simulate on [MASK] | [
0.18243011832237244,
-0.1291150450706482,
-0.10665806382894516,
0.20207475125789642,
0.25998714566230774,
0.2079867571592331,
0.07709449529647827,
-0.4171609878540039,
0.3892427086830139,
-0.1788976937532425,
0.11130304634571075,
0.13366851210594177,
-0.16875334084033966,
-0.26912650465965... | To differentiate Nintendo's new home platform from the early 1980s' common perception of a troubled and shallow video game market, the company freshened its product nomenclature and positioning, and it established a strict product approval and licensing policy. The overall system was referred to as an "Entertainment Sy... | Von Braun and his team were sent to the United States Army's White Sands Proving Ground, located in New Mexico, in 1945. They set about assembling the captured V2s and began a program of launching them and instructing American engineers in their operation. These tests led to the first rocket to take photos from outer s... | Focused by the commitment to a Moon landing, in January 1962 the US announced Project Gemini, a two-man spacecraft that would support the later three-man Apollo by developing the key spaceflight technologies of space rendezvous and docking of two craft, flight durations of sufficient length to simulate going to the Moo... | launch countdown | 91,572 |
5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0 | Apollo_program | Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center. A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch... | What other location did Apollo 1 test at besides Kennedy Space Center? | {
"answer_start": [
174,
174,
174,
174
],
"text": [
"North American",
"North American",
"North American",
"North American"
]
} | What other location did [MASK] test at besides [MASK]? | [
0.5295317769050598,
0.03701932355761528,
-0.154468834400177,
0.3916322588920593,
0.521929144859314,
0.030859865248203278,
0.19603091478347778,
-0.14404894411563873,
0.09315778315067291,
0.08839727938175201,
0.16887952387332916,
-0.14440329372882843,
0.11528180539608002,
-0.1608648002147674... | Catholicism arrived 400 years ago in the province and Protestantism 150 years ago. Zhejiang is one of the provinces of China with the largest concentrations of Protestants, especially notable in the city of Wenzhou. In 1999 Zhejiang's Protestant population comprised 2.8% of the provincial population, a small percentage... | Von Braun and his team were sent to the United States Army's White Sands Proving Ground, located in New Mexico, in 1945. They set about assembling the captured V2s and began a program of launching them and instructing American engineers in their operation. These tests led to the first rocket to take photos from outer s... | On January 31, 1958, nearly four months after the launch of Sputnik 1, von Braun and the United States successfully launched its first satellite on a four-stage Juno I rocket derived from the US Army's Redstone missile, at Cape Canaveral. The satellite Explorer 1 was 30.8 pounds (14.0 kg) in mass. It carried a micromet... | North American | 91,573 |
5725dc1638643c19005ace01 | Apollo_program | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... | What was the first problem astronauts encountered during the plugs-out test? | {
"answer_start": [
129,
137,
129,
129,
129
],
"text": [
"strange odor in their spacesuits",
"odor",
"strange odor in their spacesuits",
"strange odor",
"strange odor in their spacesuits"
]
} | What was the [MASK] problem astronauts encountered during the plugs- out test? | [
0.05136910825967789,
0.25382164120674133,
0.031248226761817932,
0.1883423775434494,
0.14371615648269653,
0.21571432054042816,
0.2534201145172119,
-0.4587331712245941,
0.28712454438209534,
-0.056761883199214935,
-0.18690618872642517,
0.2689964771270752,
-0.2523912489414215,
-0.2607384026050... | Another popular event held in February, which is early spring in Tucson, is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros, or rodeo week, founded by winter visitor, Leighton Kramer. While at its heart the Fiesta is a sporting event, it includes what is billed as "the world's largest non-mechanized parade". The Rodeo Parade is a popular e... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | Problems with the 10NES lockout chip frequently resulted in the console's most infamous problem: the blinking red power light, in which the system appears to turn itself on and off repeatedly because the 10NES would reset the console once per second. The lockout chip required constant communication with the chip in the... | strange odor in their spacesuits | 91,574 |
5725dc1638643c19005ace02 | Apollo_program | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... | When did the very first plugs-out test occur? | {
"answer_start": [
43,
55,
43,
43,
43
],
"text": [
"January 27, 1967",
"1967",
"January 27, 1967",
"January 27, 1967",
"January 27, 1967"
]
} | When did the very [MASK] plugs- out test occur? | [
-0.02317681536078453,
-0.019847720861434937,
-0.020114440470933914,
0.13943523168563843,
0.05312914773821831,
0.005614614114165306,
0.1651630699634552,
-0.3761330246925354,
0.3446956276893616,
-0.014945270493626595,
-0.0712738111615181,
0.14623254537582397,
-0.05613310635089874,
-0.0714940... | Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | On 17 May 1899, Tesla moved to Colorado Springs, where he would have room for his high-voltage, high-frequency experiments; his lab was located near Foote Ave. and Kiowa St. He chose this location because the polyphase alternating current power distribution system had been introduced there and he had associates who wer... | January 27, 1967 | 91,575 |
5725dc1638643c19005ace03 | Apollo_program | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... | What happened during the plugs-out test during the delay for the spacesuit odor? | {
"answer_start": [
326,
328,
169,
326,
209
],
"text": [
"electrical fire",
"ectrical fire",
"delayed the sealing of the hatch",
"electrical fire",
"communications problems"
]
} | What happened during the plugs-out test during the delay for the spacesuit odor? | [
0.08077995479106903,
0.1786581128835678,
0.032045021653175354,
0.11477363854646683,
0.20058821141719818,
0.20784127712249756,
0.18057462573051453,
-0.5554794669151306,
0.32816100120544434,
-0.1787603497505188,
-0.2602691948413849,
0.016400447115302086,
-0.1505865752696991,
-0.0731874331831... | Hunyadi succeeded during the Siege of Belgrade in 1456 against the Ottomans, the biggest victory against that empire in decades. This battle became a real Crusade against the Muslims, as the peasants were motivated by the Franciscan monk Saint John of Capistrano, who came from Italy predicating Holy War. The effect tha... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delaying the first LM flight until March 1969, and sending Apollo 8 into... | electrical fire | 91,576 |
5725dc1638643c19005ace04 | Apollo_program | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... | What happened to the crew onboard during the plugs-out test? | {
"answer_start": [
589,
589,
589,
589
],
"text": [
"asphyxiated",
"asphyxiated",
"asphyxiated",
"asphyxiated"
]
} | What happened to the crew onboard during the plugs-out test? | [
0.023395301774144173,
0.07360635697841644,
0.0049723172560334206,
0.3218178153038025,
0.32910609245300293,
-0.0033992917742580175,
0.4396543502807617,
-0.4196278750896454,
0.2063366174697876,
-0.025206252932548523,
-0.25292858481407166,
0.1699218899011612,
-0.22046147286891937,
-0.31444624... | Madonna released her eleventh studio album, Hard Candy, in April 2008. Containing R&B and urban pop influences, the songs on Hard Candy were autobiographical in nature and saw Madonna collaborating with Justin Timberlake, Timbaland, Pharrell Williams and Nate "Danja" Hills. The album debuted at number one in thirty sev... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | While experimenting, Tesla inadvertently faulted a power station generator, causing a power outage. In August 1917, Tesla explained what had happened in The Electrical Experimenter: "As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy liberated, it was found that the dynamos in a... | asphyxiated | 91,577 |
5725dc1638643c19005ace05 | Apollo_program | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... | What type of atmosphere helped fuel the fire throughout the cabin? | {
"answer_start": [
403,
326,
403,
408,
403
],
"text": [
"100% oxygen",
"electrical",
"100% oxygen",
"oxygen atmosphere",
"100% oxygen"
]
} | What type of atmosphere helped fuel the fire throughout the cabin? | [
0.23016653954982758,
0.19325844943523407,
0.058255985379219055,
0.4954370856285095,
0.2319301813840866,
-0.10601045191287994,
0.34326133131980896,
-0.27204978466033936,
-0.16826173663139343,
-0.04714030399918556,
0.048426639288663864,
0.0008538180845789611,
0.004733065143227577,
-0.0314543... | Three-phase AC railway electrification was used in Italy, Switzerland and the United States in the early twentieth century. Italy was the major user, for lines in the mountainous regions of northern Italy from 1901 until 1976. The first lines were the Burgdorf-Thun line in Switzerland (1899), and the lines of the Ferro... | Apollo 11 was prepared with the goal of a July landing in the Sea of Tranquility. The crew, selected in January 1969, consisted of commander (CDR) Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot (CMP) Michael Collins, and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP) Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin. They trained for the mission until just before the actual launc... | Seamans' establishment of an ad-hoc committee headed by his special technical assistant Nicholas E. Golovin in July 1961, to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program, represented a turning point in NASA's mission mode decision. This committee recognized that the chosen mode was an important part of ... | 100% oxygen | 91,578 |
5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2 | Apollo_program | NASA immediately convened an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress. While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control." At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb,... | Who kept tabs on the accident review board that NASA created? | {
"answer_start": [
64,
79,
64,
64,
64
],
"text": [
"both houses of Congress",
"Congress",
"both houses of Congress",
"both houses of Congress",
"both houses of Congress."
]
} | Who kept tabs on the accident review board that [MASK] created? | [
0.23259079456329346,
-0.05389299616217613,
-0.11319572478532791,
0.43882906436920166,
0.16292516887187958,
-0.09577116370201111,
-0.10819670557975769,
-0.027651552110910416,
-0.048178598284721375,
0.1521463841199875,
0.250171035528183,
0.347228467464447,
-0.3778662085533142,
-0.08828408271... | The Appalachian belt includes, with the ranges enumerated above, the plateaus sloping southward to the Atlantic Ocean in New England, and south-eastward to the border of the coastal plain through the central and southern Atlantic states; and on the north-west, the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus declining toward the ... | On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. On July 1, 1960, the Redstone Arsenal became NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, with von Braun as its first director. Development of the Saturn rocket family, which when mature, would finally give... | On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. On July 1, 1960, the Redstone Arsenal became NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, with von Braun as its first director. Development of the Saturn rocket family, which when mature, would finally give... | both houses of Congress | 91,579 |
5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3 | Apollo_program | NASA immediately convened an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress. While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control." At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb,... | What was found to be at fault for the fire in the cabin on Apollo 1 regarding the CM design? | {
"answer_start": [
194,
241,
194,
193
],
"text": [
"deficiencies",
"workmanship and quality control",
"deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control",
"\"deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control.\""
]
} | What was found to be at fault for the fire in the cabin on [MASK] regarding the CM design? | [
-0.05487024411559105,
0.26017650961875916,
0.11256910860538483,
0.4976680278778076,
0.21825699508190155,
0.1752897948026657,
0.11497782915830612,
-0.6628232598304749,
0.014888538047671318,
0.21760395169258118,
0.04534998908638954,
-0.02447834052145481,
-0.018902214244008064,
-0.05096021667... | On October 1, 2011, Kanye West premiered his women's fashion label, DW Kanye West at Paris Fashion Week. He received support from DSquared2 duo Dean and Dan Caten, Olivier Theyskens, Jeremy Scott, Azzedine Alaïa, and the Olsen twins, who were also in attendance during his show. His debut fashion show received mixed-to-... | On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. On July 1, 1960, the Redstone Arsenal became NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, with von Braun as its first director. Development of the Saturn rocket family, which when mature, would finally give... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | deficiencies | 91,580 |
5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4 | Apollo_program | NASA immediately convened an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress. While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control." At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb,... | Who ended up replacing Joseph Francis Shea as ASPO Manager? | {
"answer_start": [
504,
511,
504,
504,
504
],
"text": [
"George Low",
"Low",
"George Low",
"George Low",
"George Low."
]
} | Who ended up replacing [MASK] as [MASK] Manager? | [
-0.19002294540405273,
0.03987028822302818,
0.1994020640850067,
0.15542013943195343,
0.15052422881126404,
0.12874074280261993,
0.1830276995897293,
-0.20263949036598206,
-0.0017460521776229143,
-0.06536293029785156,
-0.2101275622844696,
0.14132609963417053,
-0.17879915237426758,
0.0670534446... | An 1855 paper on the "introduction" of species, written by Alfred Russel Wallace, claimed that patterns in the geographical distribution of living and fossil species could be explained if every new species always came into existence near an already existing, closely related species. Charles Lyell recognised the implica... | On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. On July 1, 1960, the Redstone Arsenal became NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, with von Braun as its first director. Development of the Saturn rocket family, which when mature, would finally give... | NASA awarded all 32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for "distinguished service, ability, or courage", and personal "contribution representing substantial progress to the NASA mission". The medals were awarded posthumously to Grissom, White, and Chaffee in 1969, then to the ... | George Low | 91,581 |
5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5 | Apollo_program | NASA immediately convened an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress. While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control." At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb,... | How soon after the cabin fire incident did NASA create its accident review board? | {
"answer_start": [
5,
5,
5,
5
],
"text": [
"immediately",
"immediately",
"immediately",
"immediately"
]
} | How soon after the cabin fire incident did [MASK] create its accident review board? | [
-0.0361628383398056,
-0.005766335409134626,
0.24299465119838715,
0.19422997534275055,
0.13665138185024261,
-0.2524717450141907,
0.09530331194400787,
-0.2830315828323364,
-0.13563776016235352,
0.07752940058708191,
-0.05953316017985344,
0.22574694454669952,
-0.2570871114730835,
0.03847356885... | The upgrade addressed a number of criticisms faced by Windows 8 upon its release, with additional customization options for the Start screen, the restoration of a visible Start button on the desktop, the ability to snap up to four apps on a single display, and the ability to boot to the desktop instead of the Start scr... | On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. On July 1, 1960, the Redstone Arsenal became NASA's George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, with von Braun as its first director. Development of the Saturn rocket family, which when mature, would finally give... | In response to the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates accepted in June 2009 the resignations of Secretary of the Air Force Michael Wynne and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force General T. Michael Moseley. Moseley's successor, General Norton A. Schwartz, a former tac... | immediately | 91,582 |
5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed | Apollo_program | To remedy the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II spacecraft and operational procedures, the most important of which were use of a nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials. The Block II design already called for re... | What type of mixture was created to replace the pure oxygen atmosphere inside the cabin? | {
"answer_start": [
149,
149,
149,
149,
149
],
"text": [
"nitrogen/oxygen mixture",
"nitrogen/oxygen",
"nitrogen/oxygen",
"nitrogen/oxygen mixture",
"nitrogen/oxygen"
]
} | What type of mixture was created to replace the pure oxygen atmosphere inside the cabin? | [
0.16170872747898102,
0.07066714763641357,
0.021382229402661324,
0.3459036350250244,
0.42052432894706726,
0.13057449460029602,
0.12459815293550491,
-0.23201891779899597,
-0.09260687977075577,
-0.15445895493030548,
-0.2204464226961136,
-0.02119079791009426,
-0.2591719329357147,
0.04901660606... | Palermo is Sicily's cultural, economic and touristic capital. It is a city rich in history, culture, art, music and food. Numerous tourists are attracted to the city for its good Mediterranean weather, its renowned gastronomy and restaurants, its Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque churches, palaces and buildings, and its n... | After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to... | Hydrogen gas forms explosive mixtures with air if it is 4–74% concentrated and with chlorine if it is 5–95% concentrated. The mixtures may be ignited by spark, heat or sunlight. The hydrogen autoignition temperature, the temperature of spontaneous ignition in air, is 500 °C (932 °F). Pure hydrogen-oxygen flames emit ul... | nitrogen/oxygen mixture | 91,583 |
5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee | Apollo_program | To remedy the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II spacecraft and operational procedures, the most important of which were use of a nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials. The Block II design already called for re... | What type of materials inside the cabin were removed to help prevent more fire hazards in the future? | {
"answer_start": [
237,
237,
237,
237,
237
],
"text": [
"flammable cabin and space suit materials",
"flammable cabin",
"flammable",
"flammable cabin and space suit materials",
"flammable cabin and space suit materials."
]
} | What type of materials inside the cabin were removed to help prevent more fire hazards in the future? | [
0.23489288985729218,
0.1220507025718689,
0.02639511227607727,
0.504192054271698,
0.7494457364082336,
0.10250544548034668,
0.4067244529724121,
-0.4272198975086212,
-0.19473746418952942,
-0.10961244255304337,
-0.3081868290901184,
-0.03866466134786606,
-0.02913348376750946,
0.0661733075976371... | One of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands was Pierre Bayle. He started teaching in Rotterdam, where he finished writing and publishing his multi-volume masterpiece, Historical and Critical Dictionary. It became one of the 100 foundational texts of the US Library of Congress. Some Huguenot descendan... | After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to... | The plugs-out test began on the morning of January 27, 1967, and immediately was plagued with problems. First the crew noticed a strange odor in their spacesuits, which delayed the sealing of the hatch. Then, communications problems frustrated the astronauts and forced a hold in the simulated countdown. During this hol... | flammable cabin and space suit materials | 91,584 |
5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef | Apollo_program | To remedy the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II spacecraft and operational procedures, the most important of which were use of a nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials. The Block II design already called for re... | The door on the Block II design was eventually replaced with what kind of model? | {
"answer_start": [
374,
337,
374,
374,
374
],
"text": [
"quick-release, outward opening door",
"Block I plug-type hatch cover",
"quick-release",
"quick-release, outward opening door",
"quick-release, outward opening door"
]
} | The door on the Block II design was eventually replaced with what kind of model? | [
0.08799752593040466,
0.13127575814723969,
-0.05294748395681381,
0.15720079839229584,
0.284098744392395,
0.27190351486206055,
0.12386146187782288,
-0.45029735565185547,
-0.027285465970635414,
-0.1770835667848587,
-0.10776329785585403,
-0.23954598605632782,
-0.26850634813308716,
0.3555975258... | In contrast, Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, taught: "There is no such thing as immaterial matter. All spirit is matter, but it is more fine or pure, and can only be discerned by purer eyes; We cannot see it; but when our bodies are purified we shall see that it is all matter." This spirit e... | After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to... | The developments during World War II continued for a short time into the post-war period as well. In particular the U.S. Army set up a huge air defence network around its larger cities based on radar-guided 90 mm and 120 mm guns. US efforts continued into the 1950s with the 75 mm Skysweeper system, an almost fully auto... | quick-release, outward opening door | 91,585 |
5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0 | Apollo_program | To remedy the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II spacecraft and operational procedures, the most important of which were use of a nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials. The Block II design already called for re... | What eventually happened to the Block I program after the incident? | {
"answer_start": [
416,
416,
495,
416,
416
],
"text": [
"discontinued",
"discontinued",
"unmanned Saturn V flights",
"discontinued",
"discontinued"
]
} | What eventually happened to the Block I program after the incident? | [
0.21649807691574097,
-0.19252392649650574,
-0.05222263187170029,
0.31910809874534607,
0.05529017001390457,
-0.16498629748821259,
0.28537169098854065,
-0.24219438433647156,
-0.02810058742761612,
-0.0267776008695364,
-0.18520884215831757,
-0.2985383868217468,
-0.35454604029655457,
-0.0156765... | In a grounded-emitter transistor circuit, such as the light-switch circuit shown, as the base voltage rises, the emitter and collector currents rise exponentially. The collector voltage drops because of reduced resistance from collector to emitter. If the voltage difference between the collector and emitter were zero (... | After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to... | In December 1966, the AS-205 mission was canceled, since the validation of the CSM would be accomplished on the 14-day first flight, and AS-205 would have been devoted to space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft. Its Saturn IB was allocated to the dual mission, now redesignated... | discontinued | 91,586 |
5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1 | Apollo_program | To remedy the causes of the fire, changes were made in the Block II spacecraft and operational procedures, the most important of which were use of a nitrogen/oxygen mixture instead of pure oxygen before and during launch, and removal of flammable cabin and space suit materials. The Block II design already called for re... | Crew members were required to wear what type of space suit during testing after the incident? | {
"answer_start": [
573,
522,
573,
573,
563
],
"text": [
"fire-resistant Block II",
"Crew members",
"fire-resistant Block II",
"fire-resistant",
"modified, fire-resistant Block II space suits,"
]
} | Crew members were required to wear what type of space suit during testing after the incident? | [
0.38389790058135986,
0.1054094135761261,
0.008792150765657425,
0.4300532937049866,
0.3495231866836548,
0.0663514956831932,
0.20976786315441132,
-0.52192223072052,
-0.07707101106643677,
-0.08067138493061066,
-0.3890385925769806,
0.14306512475013733,
-0.17423120141029358,
-0.3857324123382568... | Many[who?] expected BSkyB to make a bid to show some of the remaining FA Cup games for the remainder of the 2009–10 season which would include a semi-final and shared rights to the final. ESPN took over the package Setanta held for the FA Cup from the 2010–11 season. The 2011 final was also shown live on Sky 3D in addi... | After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to... | NASA immediately convened an accident review board, overseen by both houses of Congress. While the determination of responsibility for the accident was complex, the review board concluded that "deficiencies existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control." At the insistence of NASA Administrator Webb,... | fire-resistant Block II | 91,587 |
5725df1838643c19005ace15 | Apollo_program | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | What type of missions were approved by Mueller after the incident? | {
"answer_start": [
38,
130,
70,
38,
38
],
"text": [
"sequence",
"manned lunar landing.",
"had to be successfully accomplished",
"sequence of mission types",
"sequence"
]
} | What type of missions were approved by [MASK] after the incident? | [
0.26711300015449524,
-0.056763824075460434,
0.048557691276073456,
0.2922084629535675,
0.18166449666023254,
-0.17419497668743134,
0.19709059596061707,
-0.04548248276114464,
-0.1693587303161621,
-0.008088200353085995,
-0.4125361144542694,
0.17894336581230164,
-0.2188977748155594,
-0.30606624... | Minority leaders may engage in numerous activities to publicize their party's priorities and to criticize the opposition's. For instance, to keep their party colleagues "on message," they insure that partisan colleagues are sent packets of suggested press releases or "talking points" for constituent meetings in their d... | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | sequence | 91,588 |
5725df1838643c19005ace16 | Apollo_program | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | What had to happen to each mission before they would continue on to the next mission? | {
"answer_start": [
172,
172,
80,
80
],
"text": [
"successful",
"successfully accomplished",
"successfully accomplished",
"successfully accomplished"
]
} | What had to happen to each mission before they would continue on to the next mission? | [
0.33853358030319214,
-0.03441759943962097,
-0.055341266095638275,
0.34448015689849854,
0.3209826648235321,
-0.05132722109556198,
0.3459834158420563,
-0.08835326135158539,
-0.21538253128528595,
-0.04473105072975159,
-0.25959253311157227,
-0.02105848863720894,
-0.11021418124437332,
-0.086640... | An early important political response to the opening of hostilities was the convening of the Albany Congress in June and July, 1754. The goal of the congress was to formalize a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians, since allegiance of the various tribes and nations was seen to be pivotal in the ... | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | successful | 91,589 |
5725df1838643c19005ace17 | Apollo_program | In September 1967, Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing. Each step had to be successfully accomplished before the next ones could be performed, and it was unknown how many tries of each mission would be necessary; therefore l... | Since NASA didn't know how many attempts each test would end up requiring, what did they use instead of numbers for the trials? | {
"answer_start": [
319,
319,
319,
319
],
"text": [
"letters",
"letters",
"letters were used instead of numbers",
"letters"
]
} | Since [MASK] did n't know how many attempts each test would end up requiring, what did they use instead of numbers for the trials? | [
0.40169262886047363,
0.15895810723304749,
-0.2376326620578766,
0.2856040596961975,
-0.007745798211544752,
0.37020552158355713,
0.37304121255874634,
-0.4190542697906494,
-0.08719848841428757,
-0.026501713320612907,
0.1692742556333542,
0.17049634456634521,
-0.1502932757139206,
-0.05054511874... | Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (or the Gates Foundation, abbreviated as BMGF) is the largest private foundation in the world, founded by Bill and Melinda Gates. It was launched in 2000 and is said to be the largest transparently operated private foundation in the world. The primary aims of the foundation are, globally... | The first four Saturn I test flights were launched from LC-34, with only live first stages, carrying dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37. This was followed by five launches of boilerplate CSMs (designated AS-101 through AS-105) into orbit in 1964 and 1965. The... | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | letters | 91,590 |
5725e08389a1e219009ac010 | Apollo_program | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | What was the technical name of the first unmanned Saturn V flight, Apollo 4? | {
"answer_start": [
110,
110,
110,
110,
110
],
"text": [
"AS-501",
"AS-501",
"AS-501",
"AS-501",
"AS-501"
]
} | What was the technical name of the [MASK] unmanned [MASK] flight, [MASK]? | [
0.06653814762830734,
-0.08804899454116821,
0.09371423721313477,
0.4462772607803345,
0.10313669592142105,
0.28206518292427063,
-0.00994290690869093,
-0.13971631228923798,
-0.07754132151603699,
0.14024697244167328,
-0.31275299191474915,
-0.07538794726133347,
-0.12962916493415833,
-0.23634308... | Compass-M1 is an experimental satellite launched for signal testing and validation and for the frequency filing on 14 April 2007. The role of Compass-M1 for Compass is similar to the role of the GIOVE satellites for the Galileo system. The orbit of Compass-M1 is nearly circular, has an altitude of 21,150 km and an incl... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | The three-stage Saturn V was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon. It was 33 feet (10.1 m) in diameter and stood 363 feet (110.6 m) tall with its 96,800-pound (43,900 kg) lunar payload. Its capability grew to 103,600 pounds (47,000 kg) for the later advanced lunar landings. The S-IC first stage burned... | AS-501 | 91,591 |
5725e08389a1e219009ac011 | Apollo_program | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | What was one thing that was specifically tested on the Apollo 4 test launch regarding the CM? | {
"answer_start": [
248,
323,
248,
213,
213
],
"text": [
"heat shield",
"Service Module engine",
"heat shield",
"capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry",
"capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentr... | What was [MASK] thing that was specifically tested on the [MASK] test launch regarding the CM? | [
0.16427487134933472,
0.224821537733078,
0.03828297555446625,
0.602091372013092,
0.09939710795879364,
0.13040795922279358,
-0.2134840488433838,
-0.46075955033302307,
0.028219396248459816,
0.10395470261573792,
0.03997733071446419,
-0.026046957820653915,
0.0486355684697628,
-0.050601169466972... | In the United States, non-Caucasian LGBT individuals may find themselves in a double minority, where they are neither fully accepted or understood by mainly Caucasian LGBT communities, nor are they accepted by their own ethnic group. Many people experience racism in the dominant LGBT community where racial stereotypes ... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | The Apollo program succeeded in achieving its goal of manned lunar landing, despite the major setback of a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire that killed the entire crew during a prelaunch test. After the first landing, sufficient flight hardware remained for nine follow-on landings with a plan for extended lunar geological and ... | heat shield | 91,592 |
5725e08389a1e219009ac012 | Apollo_program | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | When was Apollo 6, or AS-502, tested? | {
"answer_start": [
450,
459,
450,
450,
450
],
"text": [
"April 4, 1968",
"1968",
"April 4, 1968",
"April 4, 1968",
"April 4, 1968"
]
} | When was [MASK], or AS-502, tested? | [
-0.02322716824710369,
0.07484065741300583,
-0.13055646419525146,
0.3946570158004761,
0.1673816740512848,
-0.14187541604042053,
0.13293124735355377,
-0.6134655475616455,
-0.09033568948507309,
0.03368587791919708,
-0.03167801350355148,
0.2791447341442108,
0.04400956258177757,
-0.065822951495... | Bohemia prospered in the 14th century, and the Golden Bull of 1356 made the king of Bohemia first among the imperial electors, but the Hussite revolution threw the country into crisis. The Holy Roman Empire passed to the Habsburgs in 1438, where it remained until its dissolution in 1806. Yet in spite of the extensive t... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | April 4, 1968 | 91,593 |
5725e08389a1e219009ac013 | Apollo_program | The delay in the CSM caused by the fire enabled NASA to catch up on man-rating the LM and Saturn V. Apollo 4 (AS-501) was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V, carrying a Block I CSM on November 9, 1967. The capability of the Command Module's heat shield to survive a trans-lunar reentry was demonstrated by using t... | What was cancelled by NASA after the Apollo 6 testing, after deeming the Saturn V ready to hold men? | {
"answer_start": [
1365,
1288,
1365,
1352,
1365
],
"text": [
"third unmanned test",
"Apollo 6",
"third unmanned test",
"cancelling a third unmanned test",
"third unmanned test."
]
} | What was cancelled by [MASK] after the [MASK] testing, after deeming [MASK] ready to hold men? | [
0.15605928003787994,
0.07075227051973343,
-0.03141234815120697,
0.1655295193195343,
0.09256590157747269,
-0.03494298830628395,
0.1874018907546997,
-0.6035004258155823,
0.1538689136505127,
0.42186328768730164,
-0.25700926780700684,
0.31982100009918213,
-0.14049109816551208,
0.04204677045345... | While experimenting, Tesla inadvertently faulted a power station generator, causing a power outage. In August 1917, Tesla explained what had happened in The Electrical Experimenter: "As an example of what has been done with several hundred kilowatts of high frequency energy liberated, it was found that the dynamos in a... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | On March 18, 1965, about a week before the first American piloted Project Gemini space flight, the USSR accelerated the competition, by launching the two-cosmonaut Voskhod 2 mission with Pavel Belyayev and Alexey Leonov. Voskhod 2's design modifications included the addition of an inflatable airlock to allow for extrav... | third unmanned test | 91,594 |
5725e152271a42140099d2cd | Apollo_program | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | Which Apollo was the first testing of the LM, unmanned, in Earth's orbit? | {
"answer_start": [
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
],
"text": [
"Apollo 5",
"Apollo 5",
"Apollo 5",
"Apollo 5",
"Apollo 5"
]
} | Which [MASK] was the [MASK] testing of the [MASK], unmanned, in [MASK] 's orbit? | [
0.08464010059833527,
-0.04057209566235542,
0.24319471418857574,
0.5105475187301636,
0.3312157392501831,
0.13169458508491516,
0.10901609808206558,
-0.265899121761322,
0.05947644263505936,
0.03527691215276718,
-0.248648002743721,
0.056790947914123535,
0.012883557938039303,
-0.315943419933319... | Since the coronations in 1066 of both King Harold and William the Conqueror, coronations of English and British monarchs were held in the abbey. In 1216, Henry III was unable to be crowned in London when he first came to the throne, because the French prince Louis had taken control of the city, and so the king was crow... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | Apollo set several major human spaceflight milestones. It stands alone in sending manned missions beyond low Earth orbit. Apollo 8 was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body, while the final Apollo 17 mission marked the sixth Moon landing and the ninth manned mission beyond low Earth orbit. The pro... | Apollo 5 | 91,595 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.