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5725e152271a42140099d2ce | Apollo_program | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | From what pad was Apollo 5 launched from? | {
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} | From what pad was [MASK] launched from? | [
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5725e152271a42140099d2cf | Apollo_program | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | Who initially wanted more unmanned testing done regarding the LM? | {
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0.043530683964490... | New Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English. Although English is the state government's pa... | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972. First conceived during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration as a th... | Grumman | 91,597 |
5725e152271a42140099d2d0 | Apollo_program | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | Was the testing of the LM during Apollo 5 a failure or a success? | {
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5725e152271a42140099d2d1 | Apollo_program | Apollo 5 (AS-204) was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968, by the Saturn IB that would have been used for Apollo 1. The LM engines were successfully test-fired and restarted, despite a computer programming error which cut short the first descent stage firing. Th... | What was the nickname for the test where, during abort mode, the ascent engine was started and fired? | {
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} | What was the nickname for the test where, during abort mode, the ascent engine was started and fired? | [
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5725e28f38643c19005ace23 | Apollo_program | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | What type of Saturn was originally going to be used for Apollo 8? | {
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} | What type of [MASK] was originally going to be used for [MASK]? | [
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0.215495362877... | The Late Bronze Age (from 1700 to 1200 BCE) Hittite and Hurrian Aplu was a god of plague, invoked during plague years. Here we have an apotropaic situation, where a god originally bringing the plague was invoked to end it. Aplu, meaning the son of, was a title given to the god Nergal, who was linked to the Babylonian g... | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | Apollo ran from 1961 to 1972, and was supported by the two-man Gemini program which ran concurrently with it from 1962 to 1966. Gemini missions developed some of the space travel techniques that were necessary for the success of the Apollo missions. Apollo used Saturn family rockets as launch vehicles. Apollo/Saturn ve... | two Saturn IBs | 91,600 |
5725e28f38643c19005ace24 | Apollo_program | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | What spacecraft did the Soviets use to send animals to space and around the moon's orbit? | {
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} | What spacecraft did the [MASK] use to send animals to space and around the moon 's orbit? | [
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5725e28f38643c19005ace25 | Apollo_program | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | On what day were images of the moon's surface transmitted to Earth via television images? | {
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} | On what day were images of the moon 's surface transmitted to [MASK] via television images? | [
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5725e28f38643c19005ace26 | Apollo_program | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | What did Low suggest using Apollo 8 for instead of simply orbiting the Earth's surface? | {
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} | What did [MASK] suggest using [MASK] for instead of simply orbiting the [MASK] 's surface? | [
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5725e28f38643c19005ace27 | Apollo_program | Apollo 8 was planned to be the D mission in December 1968, crewed by McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart, launched on a Saturn V instead of two Saturn IBs. In the summer it had become clear that the LM would not be ready in time. Rather than waste the Saturn V on another simple Earth-orbiting mission, ASPO Manager George L... | What did the Soviets intend to use in spacecraft after the success of Zond 5? | {
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} | What did the [MASK] intend to use in spacecraft after the success of [MASK]? | [
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5725e36f89a1e219009ac038 | Apollo_program | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... | From what project did the Apollo 11 crew consist entirely of? | {
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} | From what project did the [MASK] crew consist entirely of? | [
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5725e36f89a1e219009ac039 | Apollo_program | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... | In what month and year did the Apollo 11 mission occur? | {
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} | In what month and year did the [MASK] mission occur? | [
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5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a | Apollo_program | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... | What did the astronauts on the moon send back to Earth live via signals? | {
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} | What did the astronauts on the [MASK] send back to [MASK] live via signals? | [
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5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b | Apollo_program | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... | Who were the astronauts aboard the Apollo 11 mission? | {
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5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c | Apollo_program | The G mission was achieved on Apollo 11 in July 1969 by an all-Gemini veteran crew consisting of Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong and Aldrin performed the first landing at the Sea of Tranquility at 20:17:40 UTC on July 20, 1969. They spent a total of 21 hours, 36 minutes on the surface, and sp... | What day did the Apollo 11 crew return to Earth? | {
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} | What day did the [MASK] crew return to [MASK]? | [
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5725e44238643c19005ace35 | Apollo_program | In November 1969, Gemini veteran Charles "Pete" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967 on the Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon, Jr. Conrad and Bean c... | Charles Conrad and Alan Bean were on what spacecraft to the moon? | {
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5725e44238643c19005ace36 | Apollo_program | In November 1969, Gemini veteran Charles "Pete" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967 on the Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon, Jr. Conrad and Bean c... | Which lunar probe was near the Apollo 12 crew's landing site? | {
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} | Which lunar probe was near the [MASK] crew 's landing site? | [
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5725e44238643c19005ace37 | Apollo_program | In November 1969, Gemini veteran Charles "Pete" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967 on the Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon, Jr. Conrad and Bean c... | What did the crew of Apollo 12 do with parts of the Surveyor they landed near after photographing them? | {
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} | What did the crew of [MASK] do with parts of the [MASK] they landed near after photographing them? | [
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5725e44238643c19005ace38 | Apollo_program | In November 1969, Gemini veteran Charles "Pete" Conrad and rookie Alan L. Bean made a precision landing on Apollo 12 within walking distance of the Surveyor 3 unmanned lunar probe, which had landed in April 1967 on the Ocean of Storms. The Command Module Pilot was Gemini veteran Richard F. Gordon, Jr. Conrad and Bean c... | What damaged the color TV camera that Apollo 12 had taken into space? | {
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5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f | Apollo_program | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | What would the latter Apollo missions carry to the moon to increase exploration? | {
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} | What would the latter [MASK] missions carry to the moon to increase exploration? | [
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5725e547ec44d21400f3d720 | Apollo_program | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | What was redesigned to allow better maneuverability in the LRV? | {
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5725e547ec44d21400f3d721 | Apollo_program | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | How many more landing sites for the Apollo missions did NASA have planned? | {
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} | How many more landing sites for the [MASK] missions did [MASK] have planned? | [
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5725e547ec44d21400f3d722 | Apollo_program | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | How long would the astronauts be project to be able to stay on the moon for in the latter missions? | {
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5725e547ec44d21400f3d723 | Apollo_program | The contracted batch of 15 Saturn Vs were enough for lunar landing missions through Apollo 20. NASA publicized a preliminary list of eight more planned landing sites, with plans to increase the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V. These final missions would... | What would have to be increased regarding the LM and CSM for the last five missions? | {
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} | What would have to be increased regarding the [MASK] and [MASK] for the last [MASK] missions? | [
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5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729 | Apollo_program | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | What happened to the Apollo 13 crew to force them to use the LM as a "life boat" as it had been designed? | {
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} | What happened to the [MASK] crew to force them to use the [MASK] as a" life boat" as it had been designed? | [
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5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a | Apollo_program | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | Along with one veteran, what other two types of crew could be included in lieu of veterans after the successful landings of Apollo 11 and 12? | {
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} | Along with [MASK] veteran, what other [MASK] types of crew could be included in lieu of veterans after the successful landings of [MASK] and 12? | [
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5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b | Apollo_program | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | What happened to the Apollo program in for the rest of 1970 after the incident regarding Apollo 13? | {
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} | What happened to the [MASK] program in for the rest of [MASK] after the incident regarding [MASK]? | [
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5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c | Apollo_program | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | What was redesigned during the Apollo program being grounded during 1970? | {
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} | What was redesigned during the [MASK] program being grounded during [MASK]? | [
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5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d | Apollo_program | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | What month and year was Apollo 13 launched? | {
"answer_start": [
195,
195,
195,
195,
195
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"text": [
"April 1970",
"April",
"April 1970",
"April 1970",
"April 1970,"
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} | What month and year was [MASK] launched? | [
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0.3800835013389587... | Philosophical empiricists hold no knowledge to be properly inferred or deduced unless it is derived from one's sense-based experience. This view is commonly contrasted with rationalism, which states that knowledge may be derived from reason independently of the senses. For example, John Locke held that some knowledge (... | Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight. They trained and conducted tests of their spacecraft at North American, and in the altitude chamber at the Kennedy Space Center. A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch... | The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968. An estimated one-quarter of the population of the world saw—either live or delayed—the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit o... | April 1970 | 91,623 |
5725e95f89a1e219009ac086 | Apollo_program | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | What Apollo mission was first cancelled due to not being needed to build the Skylab in space, as it was pre-built on the ground? | {
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"text": [
"Apollo 20",
"Saturn V to",
"Apollo 20",
"Apollo 20",
"Apollo 20."
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} | What [MASK] mission was first cancelled due to not being needed to build the [MASK] in space, as it was pre - built on the ground? | [
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-0.01575591973960... | Colossus was the world's first electronic digital programmable computer. It used a large number of valves (vacuum tubes). It had paper-tape input and was capable of being configured to perform a variety of boolean logical operations on its data, but it was not Turing-complete. Nine Mk II Colossi were built (The Mk I wa... | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | The Soviet success caused public controversy in the United States, and Eisenhower ordered the civilian rocket and satellite project, Vanguard, to move up its timetable and launch its satellite much sooner than originally planned. The December 6, 1957 Project Vanguard launch failure occurred at Cape Canaveral Air Force ... | Apollo 20 | 91,624 |
5725e95f89a1e219009ac087 | Apollo_program | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | What happened to NASA's budget after the first successful moon landing? | {
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"began to shrink",
"NASA also had to make funds available",
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} | What happened to [MASK] 's budget after the [MASK] successful moon landing? | [
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0.0191205777... | Snyder and Strömberg found "that a poor fit between newspaper markets and political districts reduces press coverage of politics. ... Congressmen who are less covered by the local press work less for their constituencies: they are less likely to stand witness before congressional hearings ... . Federal spending is lowe... | The success of the first two landings allowed the remaining missions to be crewed with a single veteran as Commander, with two rookies. Apollo 13 launched Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise in April 1970, headed for the Fra Mauro formation. But two days out, a liquid oxygen tank exploded, disabling the Service Module... | But even after NASA reached internal agreement, it was far from smooth sailing. Kennedy's science advisor Jerome Wiesner, who had expressed his opposition to manned spaceflight to Kennedy before the President took office, and had opposed the decision to land men on the Moon, hired Golovin, who had left NASA, to chair h... | began to shrink | 91,625 |
5725e95f89a1e219009ac088 | Apollo_program | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | After Apollo missions 18 and 19 were cancelled, what happened to the Saturn Vs that were never used? | {
"answer_start": [
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535
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"text": [
"museum exhibits",
"museum exhibits",
"museum exhibits",
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} | After [MASK] missions [MASK] and [MASK] were cancelled, what happened to the [MASK] that were never used? | [
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5725e95f89a1e219009ac089 | Apollo_program | About the time of the first landing in 1969, it was decided to use an existing Saturn V to launch the Skylab orbital laboratory pre-built on the ground, replacing the original plan to construct it in orbit from several Saturn IB launches; this eliminated Apollo 20. NASA's yearly budget also began to shrink in light of ... | What year was the decision made to cancel Apollo missions 18 and 19? | {
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"1971",
"1971",
"1971",
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} | What year was the decision made to cancel [MASK] missions [MASK] and [MASK]? | [
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5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e | Apollo_program | The rocks collected from the Moon are extremely old compared to rocks found on Earth, as measured by radiometric dating techniques. They range in age from about 3.2 billion years for the basaltic samples derived from the lunar maria, to about 4.6 billion years for samples derived from the highlands crust. As such, they... | How did the rocks on the moon compare to those on Earth? | {
"answer_start": [
38,
48,
38,
38,
48
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"text": [
"extremely old",
"old",
"extremely old",
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} | How did the rocks on the moon compare to those on [MASK]? | [
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5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f | Apollo_program | The rocks collected from the Moon are extremely old compared to rocks found on Earth, as measured by radiometric dating techniques. They range in age from about 3.2 billion years for the basaltic samples derived from the lunar maria, to about 4.6 billion years for samples derived from the highlands crust. As such, they... | How old were some of the oldest rock samples found on the moon? | {
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"4.6 billion years",
"4.6 billion years",
".2 billion years for the basaltic samples derived from the lunar maria, to about 4.6 billion years for samples derived from the highlands crust",
"4.6 billion"
]
} | How old were some of the oldest rock samples found on the moon? | [
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0.02073260396... | "Junior" Laemmle persuaded his father to bring Universal up to date. He bought and built theaters, converted the studio to sound production, and made several forays into high-quality production. His early efforts included the critically mauled part-talkie version of Edna Ferber's novel Show Boat (1929), the lavish musi... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orbit on December 24. They made ten orbits in twenty hours, and transmi... | 4.6 billion years | 91,629 |
5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0 | Apollo_program | The rocks collected from the Moon are extremely old compared to rocks found on Earth, as measured by radiometric dating techniques. They range in age from about 3.2 billion years for the basaltic samples derived from the lunar maria, to about 4.6 billion years for samples derived from the highlands crust. As such, they... | What new component was found in certain rocks from the moon? | {
"answer_start": [
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659,
689,
672,
791
],
"text": [
"KREEP",
"calcium-rich feldspar mineral anorthite,",
"anorthite",
"feldspar mineral anorthite",
"KREEP"
]
} | What new component was found in certain rocks from the moon? | [
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0.12889783084... | The Panthers beat the Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round, running up a 31–0 halftime lead and then holding off a furious second half comeback attempt to win 31–24, avenging their elimination from a year earlier. The Panthers then blew out the Arizona Cardinals in the NFC Championship Game, 49–15, racking up 487 y... | The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews i... | The Apollo program succeeded in achieving its goal of manned lunar landing, despite the major setback of a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire that killed the entire crew during a prelaunch test. After the first landing, sufficient flight hardware remained for nine follow-on landings with a plan for extended lunar geological and ... | KREEP | 91,630 |
5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1 | Apollo_program | The rocks collected from the Moon are extremely old compared to rocks found on Earth, as measured by radiometric dating techniques. They range in age from about 3.2 billion years for the basaltic samples derived from the lunar maria, to about 4.6 billion years for samples derived from the highlands crust. As such, they... | What was the name of the rock found during the Apollo 15 mission that KREEP was discovered in? | {
"answer_start": [
503,
503,
503,
503,
604
],
"text": [
"Genesis Rock",
"Genesis",
"Genesis Rock",
"Genesis Rock",
"anorthosite"
]
} | What was the name of the rock found during the [MASK] mission that [MASK] was discovered in? | [
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5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f | Apollo_program | Almost all the rocks show evidence of impact process effects. Many samples appear to be pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters, which is never seen on Earth rocks, due to the thick atmosphere. Many show signs of being subjected to high pressure shock waves that are generated during impact events. Some of the returne... | As the moon has no atmosphere, what is prevalant in many moon rock samples brought back from Apollo missions? | {
"answer_start": [
100,
100,
100,
100,
100
],
"text": [
"micrometeoroid impact craters",
"micrometeoroid impact craters",
"micrometeoroid impact craters",
"micrometeoroid impact craters",
"micrometeoroid impact craters"
]
} | As the moon has no atmosphere, what is prevalant in many moon rock samples brought back from [MASK] missions? | [
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0.04122030362486... | The history of the Seven Years' War in North America, particularly the expulsion of the Acadians, the siege of Quebec, the death of Wolfe, and the Battle of Fort William Henry generated a vast number of ballads, broadsides, images, and novels (see Longfellow's Evangeline, Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe, Jam... | Due to its location at the South Pole, Antarctica receives relatively little solar radiation. This means that it is a very cold continent where water is mostly in the form of ice. Precipitation is low (most of Antarctica is a desert) and almost always in the form of snow, which accumulates and forms a giant ice sheet w... | With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News arc... | micrometeoroid impact craters | 91,632 |
5725eb8a38643c19005ace80 | Apollo_program | Almost all the rocks show evidence of impact process effects. Many samples appear to be pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters, which is never seen on Earth rocks, due to the thick atmosphere. Many show signs of being subjected to high pressure shock waves that are generated during impact events. Some of the returne... | What do a great majority of rocks sampled from the moon show? | {
"answer_start": [
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],
"text": [
"impact process effects",
"micrometeoroid impact craters",
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"subjected to high pressure shock waves",
"evidence of impact process effects"
]
} | What do a great majority of rocks sampled from the moon show? | [
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-0.1082384809... | Immigration to Israel during the late 1940s and early 1950s was aided by the Israeli Immigration Department and the non-government sponsored Mossad LeAliyah Bet ("Institution for Illegal Immigration"). Both groups facilitated regular immigration logistics like arranging transportation, but the latter also engaged in cl... | Due to its location at the South Pole, Antarctica receives relatively little solar radiation. This means that it is a very cold continent where water is mostly in the form of ice. Precipitation is low (most of Antarctica is a desert) and almost always in the form of snow, which accumulates and forms a giant ice sheet w... | Earth's surface and the clouds absorb visible and invisible radiation from the sun and re-emit much of the energy as infrared back to atmosphere. Certain substances in the atmosphere, chiefly cloud droplets and water vapor, but also carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, and chlorofluorocarbons, a... | impact process effects | 91,633 |
5725eb8a38643c19005ace81 | Apollo_program | Almost all the rocks show evidence of impact process effects. Many samples appear to be pitted with micrometeoroid impact craters, which is never seen on Earth rocks, due to the thick atmosphere. Many show signs of being subjected to high pressure shock waves that are generated during impact events. Some of the returne... | What is impact melt that some samples of moon rocks show? | {
"answer_start": [
350,
350,
350,
350,
350
],
"text": [
"materials melted near an impact crater.",
"materials melted near an impact crater",
"materials melted near an impact crater",
"materials melted near an impact crater",
"materials melted near an impact crater."
]
} | What is impact melt that some samples of moon rocks show? | [
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0.014951117336... | Absent mothers and abusive fathers are another theme in the novel. Scout and Jem's mother died before Scout could remember her, Mayella's mother is dead, and Mrs. Radley is silent about Boo's confinement to the house. Apart from Atticus, the fathers described are abusers. Bob Ewell, it is hinted, molested his daughter,... | Due to its location at the South Pole, Antarctica receives relatively little solar radiation. This means that it is a very cold continent where water is mostly in the form of ice. Precipitation is low (most of Antarctica is a desert) and almost always in the form of snow, which accumulates and forms a giant ice sheet w... | The permanent snow cover necessary for glacier formation is affected by factors such as the degree of slope on the land, amount of snowfall and the winds. Glaciers can be found in all latitudes except from 20° to 27° north and south of the equator where the presence of the descending limb of the Hadley circulation lowe... | materials melted near an impact crater. | 91,634 |
5725ec7538643c19005ace8f | Apollo_program | In 2009, NASA held a symposium on project costs which presented an estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars as roughly $170 billion. This included all research and development costs; the procurement of 15 Saturn V rockets, 16 Command/Service Modules, 12 Lunar Modules, plus program support and management cos... | How much was NASA's procured spending on the Apollo project estimated to be at in 2005 after inflation? | {
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131,
123
],
"text": [
"$170 billion",
"170 billion",
"170 billion",
"$170 billion",
"roughly $170 billion."
]
} | How much was [MASK] 's procured spending on the [MASK] project estimated to be at in [MASK] after inflation? | [
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0.021934913471341... | Spectre had its world premiere in London on 26 October 2015 at the Royal Albert Hall, the same day as its general release in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. Following the announcement of the start of filming, Paramount Pictures brought forward the release of Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation to avoid compe... | Unknown to the Americans, the Soviet Moon program was in deep trouble. After two successive launch failures of the N1 rocket in 1969, Soviet plans for a piloted landing suffered delay. The launch pad explosion of the N-1 on July 3, 1969 was a significant setback. The rocket hit the pad after an engine shutdown, destroy... | There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39... | $170 billion | 91,635 |
5725ec7538643c19005ace90 | Apollo_program | In 2009, NASA held a symposium on project costs which presented an estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars as roughly $170 billion. This included all research and development costs; the procurement of 15 Saturn V rockets, 16 Command/Service Modules, 12 Lunar Modules, plus program support and management cos... | How many Saturn V rockets were produced by NASA during the Apollo project? | {
"answer_start": [
214,
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214
],
"text": [
"15",
"15",
"15",
"15 Saturn V rockets",
"15"
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} | How many [MASK] rockets were produced by [MASK] during the [MASK] project? | [
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5725ec7538643c19005ace91 | Apollo_program | In 2009, NASA held a symposium on project costs which presented an estimate of the Apollo program costs in 2005 dollars as roughly $170 billion. This included all research and development costs; the procurement of 15 Saturn V rockets, 16 Command/Service Modules, 12 Lunar Modules, plus program support and management cos... | How much was the Apollo project estimated to have cost from 1959 to 1973, the length of the program? | {
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"$20.4 billion",
"20.4 billion,",
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} | How much was the [MASK] project estimated to have cost [MASK], the length of the program? | [
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5725ee6438643c19005aceb3 | Apollo_program | Looking beyond the manned lunar landings, NASA investigated several post-lunar applications for Apollo hardware. The Apollo Extension Series (Apollo X,) proposed up to 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module Adapter (SLA) to house a small orbital laboratory (workshop). Astronauts would... | What did NASA name the series seeking up to 30 more flights to Earth's orbit? | {
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"Apollo Extension Series",
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} | What did [MASK] name the series seeking [MASK] more flights to [MASK] 's orbit? | [
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5725ee6438643c19005aceb4 | Apollo_program | Looking beyond the manned lunar landings, NASA investigated several post-lunar applications for Apollo hardware. The Apollo Extension Series (Apollo X,) proposed up to 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module Adapter (SLA) to house a small orbital laboratory (workshop). Astronauts would... | What did the acronym AAP stand for? | {
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"text": [
"Apollo Applications Program",
"Apollo Applications Program",
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} | What did the acronym [MASK] stand for? | [
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5725ee6438643c19005aceb5 | Apollo_program | Looking beyond the manned lunar landings, NASA investigated several post-lunar applications for Apollo hardware. The Apollo Extension Series (Apollo X,) proposed up to 30 flights to Earth orbit, using the space in the Spacecraft Lunar Module Adapter (SLA) to house a small orbital laboratory (workshop). Astronauts would... | What planet was named for a fly-by mission by an empty S-IVB? | {
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"text": [
"Venus",
"Venus",
"Venus",
"Venus"
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} | What planet was named for a fly- by mission by an empty [MASK] [MASK] [MASK]? | [
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5725ef6838643c19005acece | Apollo_program | The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | When was the Skylab launched? | {
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5725ef6838643c19005acecf | Apollo_program | The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | Was the Skylab assembled on Earth's surface or in space? | {
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} | Was the [MASK] assembled on [MASK] 's surface or in space? | [
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5725ef6838643c19005aced0 | Apollo_program | The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | When was Skylab's last crew on the station before it re-entered Earth's atmosphere? | {
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"February 8, 1974,",
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} | When was [MASK] 's last crew on the station before it re - entered [MASK] 's atmosphere? | [
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5725ef6838643c19005aced1 | Apollo_program | The S-IVB orbital workshop was the only one of these plans to make it off the drawing board. Dubbed Skylab, it was constructed complete on the ground rather than in space, and launched in 1973 using the two lower stages of a Saturn V. It was equipped with an Apollo Telescope Mount, the solar telescope that would have b... | The Skylab had what type of equipment onboard that was supposed to be used in a different mission? | {
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"Apollo Telescope Mount",
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} | The [MASK] had what type of equipment onboard that was supposed to be used in a different mission? | [
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5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be | Apollo_program | In 2008, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE probe observed evidence of the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater while orbiting above the lunar surface. In 2009, NASA's robotic Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, while orbiting 50 kilometers (31 mi) above the Moon, began photographing the remnants... | Which NASA orbiter photographed evidence of each site on the moon that a manned Apollo mission landing occurred? | {
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"Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE",
"Reconnaissance Orbiter",
"robotic Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter",
"Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter"
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} | Which [MASK] orbiter photographed evidence of each site on the moon that a manned [MASK] mission landing occurred? | [
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5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf | Apollo_program | In 2008, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE probe observed evidence of the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater while orbiting above the lunar surface. In 2009, NASA's robotic Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, while orbiting 50 kilometers (31 mi) above the Moon, began photographing the remnants... | The flags on the moon left by the U.S. manned Apollo missions are all still standing save for which mission's flag? | {
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} | The flags on the [MASK] left by the [MASK] manned [MASK] missions are all still standing save for which mission 's flag? | [
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5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0 | Apollo_program | In 2008, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency's SELENE probe observed evidence of the halo surrounding the Apollo 15 Lunar Module blast crater while orbiting above the lunar surface. In 2009, NASA's robotic Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, while orbiting 50 kilometers (31 mi) above the Moon, began photographing the remnants... | Do the U.S. flags on the moon still have their original coloring or were they faded due to the Sun? | {
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} | Do the [MASK] flags on the moon still have their original coloring or were they faded due to the Sun? | [
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5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc | Apollo_program | The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968. An estimated one-quarter of the population of the world saw—either live or delayed—the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit o... | What crew sent the first ever live images of the Earth and Moon to earth? | {
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"Apollo 8",
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} | What crew sent the [MASK] ever live images of the [MASK] and [MASK] to earth? | [
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5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd | Apollo_program | The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968. An estimated one-quarter of the population of the world saw—either live or delayed—the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit o... | From what Bible book did the crew of Apollo 8 read from during this stream of images? | {
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} | From what [MASK] book did the crew of [MASK] read from during this stream of images? | [
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5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce | Apollo_program | The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968. An estimated one-quarter of the population of the world saw—either live or delayed—the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit o... | How much of the population of Earth ended up seeing the images of the Earth and the Moon? | {
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5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf | Apollo_program | The crew of Apollo 8 sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon back to Earth, and read from the creation story in the Book of Genesis, on Christmas Eve, 1968. An estimated one-quarter of the population of the world saw—either live or delayed—the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit o... | After an eventful and tiring year for the world during 1968, what type of ending to the year did the images from space provide? | {
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5725f239271a42140099d35d | Apollo_program | The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA... | What type of camera was used to record the Moon landing? | {
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5725f239271a42140099d35e | Apollo_program | The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA... | Was this footage compatible or incompatible with live broadcast TV formats? | {
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5725f239271a42140099d35f | Apollo_program | The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA... | What happened to prompt NASA to record over archived magnetic tapes? | {
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5725f239271a42140099d360 | Apollo_program | The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA... | What did NASA record over the older archived tapes? | {
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5725f239271a42140099d361 | Apollo_program | The Moon landing data was recorded by a special Apollo TV camera which recorded in a format incompatible with broadcast TV. This resulted in lunar footage that had to be converted for the live television broadcast and stored on magnetic telemetry tapes. During the following years, a magnetic tape shortage prompted NASA... | Who worked later on to find these missing magnetic tapes that had data stored on them? | {
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"Nafzger",
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5725f39638643c19005acef7 | Apollo_program | With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News arc... | Who compiled the original surviving Apollo 11 landing data? | {
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5725f39638643c19005acef8 | Apollo_program | With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News arc... | Were the tapes able to be restored and processed without destroying historical legitimacy or did some aspects of the tapes lose legitimacy? | {
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5725f39638643c19005acef9 | Apollo_program | With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News arc... | What types of recordings at Johnson Space Center were used to help restore the original tapes? | {
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} | What types of recordings at [MASK] were used to help restore the original tapes? | [
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5725f39638643c19005acefa | Apollo_program | With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News arc... | Which company was tasked with trying to restore the original tapes? | {
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5725f39638643c19005acefb | Apollo_program | With a budget of $230,000, the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11 was compiled by Nafzger and assigned to Lowry Digital for restoration. The video was processed to remove random noise and camera shake without destroying historical legitimacy. The images were from tapes in Australia, the CBS News arc... | Were the restored tapes able to have color added to them to enhance the picture or did they remain black and white? | {
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5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What are the three sources of European Union law? | {
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5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What is European Union Law? | {
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5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What are the main sources of primary law? | {
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5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What are the secondary sources of primary law? | {
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5725b7f389a1e219009abd60 | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What are the two bodies that make up the European Union's legislature? | {
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5725c28a271a42140099d14d | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What is European Union law? | {
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"a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states",
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5725c28a271a42140099d14e | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What effect does European Union law have on laws of member states? | {
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"direct effect or indirect effect",
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5725c28a271a42140099d150 | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What are the main legislative bodies of the European Union? | {
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57268b43dd62a815002e88f0 | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What are the three main sources of European Union law? | {
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57268b43dd62a815002e88f2 | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | What is the legislature of the European Union comprised of? | {
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57268b43dd62a815002e88f3 | European_Union_law | European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Tre... | How many sources of European Union law are there? | {
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"three",
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5725bbec271a42140099d0d1 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | Who applies European Union law? | {
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5725bbec271a42140099d0d2 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | Who can enforce the European Union law when member states provide lesser rights? | {
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5725bbec271a42140099d0d3 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | Under what treaty can the European Commission take action against member states? | {
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} | Under what treaty can [MASK] take action against member states? | [
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5725bbec271a42140099d0d4 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | What is the highest court in the European Union? | {
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5725bbec271a42140099d0d5 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | What is one of the supplementary sources of European Union law? | {
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} | What is [MASK] of the supplementary sources of [MASK] law? | [
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5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | Which two courts apply European Union law? | {
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"the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union",
"the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union",
"the... | Which [MASK] courts apply [MASK] law? | [
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5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | Which court is the highest court in the European Union? | {
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5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506 | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | What is one supplementary source of European Union law? | {
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57268bf9dd62a815002e890a | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | By whom is European Law applied by? | {
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57268bf9dd62a815002e890b | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | Who can enforce European Union law? | {
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57268bf9dd62a815002e890c | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | What is the highest court in European Union law? | {
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57268bf9dd62a815002e890d | European_Union_law | European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of membe... | What are some supplementary sources of European Union law? | {
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5725c743ec44d21400f3d549 | European_Union_law | Although the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which "constitute" its basic governance structure. The EU's primary constitutional sources are the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which have been agree... | What are the two primary constitutional sources of the European Union? | {
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"the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)",
"the Treaty on European Union (TEU) ... | What are the [MASK] primary constitutional sources of [MASK]? | [
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5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a | European_Union_law | Although the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which "constitute" its basic governance structure. The EU's primary constitutional sources are the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which have been agree... | Who has the power to initiate legislation within the European Union? | {
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"The European Commission",
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5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b | European_Union_law | Although the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which "constitute" its basic governance structure. The EU's primary constitutional sources are the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which have been agree... | Who elects the members of the European Parliament? | {
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"citizens",
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} | Who elects the members of [MASK]? | [
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5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c | European_Union_law | Although the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which "constitute" its basic governance structure. The EU's primary constitutional sources are the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which have been agree... | What court is able to interpret European Union law? | {
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5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d | European_Union_law | Although the European Union does not have a codified constitution, like every political body it has laws which "constitute" its basic governance structure. The EU's primary constitutional sources are the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which have been agree... | What governing body appoints commissioners and the board of European Central Bank? | {
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} | What governing body appoints commissioners and the board of [MASK]? | [
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5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4 | European_Union_law | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | Which treaty provides that the European Union law be applied to metropolitan territories of member states? | {
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5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5 | European_Union_law | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | Are there any regions where the Treaty of European Union excludes from jurisdiction? | {
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1002,
1002,
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"the Faroe Islands",
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0.1672783195... | The board consists of nine directors. Michael Dell, the founder of the company, serves as chairman of the board and chief executive officer. Other board members include Don Carty, William Gray, Judy Lewent, Klaus Luft, Alex Mandl, Michael A. Miles, and Sam Nunn. Shareholders elect the nine board members at meetings, an... | Free movement of goods within the European Union is achieved by a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely. In addition under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articl... | To make new legislation, TFEU article 294 defines the "ordinary legislative procedure" that applies for most EU acts. The essence is there are three readings, starting with a Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs (not just those present) to block or suggest changes, and the Counc... | the Faroe Islands | 91,694 |
5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6 | European_Union_law | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | What powers does the Court of Justice of the European Union have in regards to treaties? | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
"can interpret the Treaties, but it cannot rule on their validity",
"The Court of Justice of the European Union can interpret the Treaties",
"The Court of Justice of the European Union can interpret the Treaties",
"The Court o... | What powers does [MASK] of [MASK] have in regards to treaties? | [
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0.1303325146436... | In May 2014, prior to the launch of YouTube's subscription-based Music Key service, the independent music trade organization Worldwide Independent Network alleged that YouTube was using non-negotiable contracts with independent labels that were "undervalued" in comparison to other streaming services, and that YouTube w... | Free movement of goods within the European Union is achieved by a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely. In addition under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articl... | Following the Nice Treaty, there was an attempt to reform the constitutional law of the European Union and make it more transparent; this would have also produced a single constitutional document. However, as a result of the referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Cons... | can interpret the Treaties, but it cannot rule on their validity | 91,695 |
5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7 | European_Union_law | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | Under what instances can individuals rely on primary law in the Court of Justice of European Union? | {
"answer_start": [
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"text": [
"if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect and they are sufficiently clear, precise and unconditional.",
"if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect and they are sufficiently clear, precise and unconditional",
"if the Treat... | Under what instances can individuals rely on primary law in [MASK] of [MASK]? | [
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-0.29183712601661... | Marsha Weidner states that Deshin Shekpa's miracles "testified to the power of both the emperor and his guru and served as a legitimizing tool for the emperor's problematic succession to the throne," referring to the Yongle Emperor's conflict with the previous Jianwen Emperor. Tsai writes that Deshin Shekpa aided the l... | Free movement of goods within the European Union is achieved by a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely. In addition under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articl... | The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a treaty, since a non-self-executing treaty cannot be acted on without the proper change in domestic law. If a treaty requires implementing legislation, a state may be in default of its obligations by the ... | if the Treaty provisions have a direct effect and they are sufficiently clear, precise and unconditional. | 91,696 |
5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8 | European_Union_law | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | When do treaties apply? | {
"answer_start": [
1081,
1066,
1081,
1081
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"text": [
"as soon as they enter into force, unless stated otherwise",
"Treaties apply as soon as they enter into force",
"as soon as they enter into force",
"as soon as they enter into force"
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} | When do treaties apply? | [
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0.01425653509795665... | The Chinese medical tradition of the Yuan had "Four Great Schools" that the Yuan inherited from the Jin dynasty. All four schools were based on the same intellectual foundation, but advocated different theoretical approaches toward medicine. Under the Mongols, the practice of Chinese medicine spread to other parts of t... | Free movement of goods within the European Union is achieved by a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely. In addition under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articl... | Bilateral treaties are concluded between two states or entities. It is possible, however, for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union (EU) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area agreement. Each of thes... | as soon as they enter into force, unless stated otherwise | 91,697 |
57268d2ddd62a815002e894e | European_Union_law | The primary law of the EU consists mainly of the founding treaties, the "core" treaties being the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The Treaties contain formal and substantive provisions, which frame policies of the European Union institutions and determine t... | What are the core treaties that the primary law of the EU consists of? | {
"answer_start": [
98,
94,
94,
94
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"text": [
"Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)",
"the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU)",
"the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and ... | What are the core treaties that the primary law of the [MASK] consists of? | [
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-0.09215386211872... | On 2 December 1942, as part of the Manhattan Project, another team led by Enrico Fermi was able to initiate the first artificial self-sustained nuclear chain reaction, Chicago Pile-1. Working in a lab below the stands of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago, the team created the conditions needed for such a reactio... | Free movement of goods within the European Union is achieved by a customs union, and the principle of non-discrimination. The EU manages imports from non-member states, duties between member states are prohibited, and imports circulate freely. In addition under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articl... | Although it is generally accepted that EU law has primacy, not all EU laws give citizens standing to bring claims: that is, not all EU laws have "direct effect". In Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen it was held that the provisions of the Treaties (and EU Regulations) are directly effective, i... | Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) | 91,698 |
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