Unnamed: 0.1
int64
1
131k
Unnamed: 0
int64
1
130k
id
stringlengths
6
24
title
stringclasses
2 values
context
stringlengths
151
44k
question
stringlengths
2
25.7k
answers
stringlengths
32
440
9,405
9,063
56de418fcffd8e1900b4b71e
generic
Amensalism is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected. This type of symbiosis is relatively uncommon in rudimentary reference texts, but is omnipresent in the natural world.[citation needed] There are two types of amensalism, competition and an...
What is the name for the kind of symbiosis in which one organism is seriously harmed and there is no affect on the other?
{'text': 'Amensalism', 'answer_start': 0}
55,663
55,321
5726635ddd62a815002e8364
generic
In the following decades there was a constant battle between the company lobby and the Parliament. The company sought a permanent establishment, while the Parliament would not willingly allow it greater autonomy and so relinquish the opportunity to exploit the company's profits. In 1712, another act renewed the status ...
Who argued against parliament on the trade issue that involded the East India Company
{'text': 'company lobby', 'answer_start': 65}
73,090
72,748
5727d82a3acd2414000dedea
generic
In Europe, rates of tuberculosis began to rise in the early 1600s to a peak level in the 1800s, when it caused nearly 25% of all deaths. By the 1950s, mortality had decreased nearly 90%. Improvements in public health began significantly reducing rates of tuberculosis even before the arrival of streptomycin and other an...
When tuberculosis was at its worst in Europe, what percentage of deaths was TB-related?
{'text': '25%', 'answer_start': 118}
95,853
95,511
5a68e03e8476ee001a58a81a
generic
IBM acquired Kenexa (2012) and SPSS (2009) and PwC's consulting business (2002), spinning off companies like printer manufacturer Lexmark (1991), and selling off product lines like its personal computer and x86 server businesses to Lenovo (2005, 2014). In 2014, IBM announced that it would go "fabless" by offloading IBM...
In what year did Lexmark acquire Kenexa?
{'text': '(2012)', 'answer_start': 20}
39,301
38,959
5ad3a216604f3c001a3fea13
generic
FBI Directors are appointed by the President of the United States. They must be confirmed by the United States Senate and serve a term of office of five years, with a maximum of ten years, if reappointed, unless they resign or are fired by the President before their term ends. J. Edgar Hoover, appointed by Calvin Cooli...
Who appoints the President of the United States?
{'text': 'FBI Directors', 'answer_start': 0}
33,824
33,482
5a8cc8f2fd22b3001a8d8e66
generic
Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol ₥), cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol ¢), dime or one-tenth of a dollar, and eagle or ten dolla...
What is the Union based upon?
{'text': 'a decimal system of values', 'answer_start': 63}
25,718
25,376
56f94c019b226e1400dd1301
generic
40°48′27″N 73°57′18″W / 40.8076°N 73.9549°W / 40.8076; -73.9549 120th Street traverses the neighborhoods of Morningside Heights, Harlem, and Spanish Harlem. It begins on Riverside Drive at the Interchurch Center. It then runs east between the campuses of Barnard College and the Union Theological Seminary, then cross...
Who formerly lived at 58 West?
{'text': 'Maya Angelou', 'answer_start': 589}
39,053
38,711
5ad38f7f604f3c001a3fe621
generic
On July 8, 2007 The Washington Post published excerpts from UCLA Professor Amy Zegart's book Spying Blind: The CIA, the FBI, and the Origins of 9/11. The Post reported from Zegart's book that government documents show the CIA and FBI missed 23 potential chances to disrupt the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Th...
What two agencies cooperated well together?
{'text': 'FBI, CIA', 'answer_start': 494}
102,917
102,575
5ad4c1195b96ef001a109f51
generic
Spielberg's next film, Schindler's List, was based on the true story of Oskar Schindler, a man who risked his life to save 1,100 Jews from the Holocaust. Schindler's List earned Spielberg his first Academy Award for Best Director (it also won Best Picture). With the film a huge success at the box office, Spielberg used...
How many Holocaust survivors have filmed testimony for the Shoah Foundation?
{'text': '1,100', 'answer_start': 123}
104,971
104,629
572f6c2ba23a5019007fc5fc
generic
A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was "the most effective strategic weapon", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, "We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undiv...
What strategy could have worked against the British Empire?
{'text': 'strangle British sea communications', 'answer_start': 995}
484
142
56bf91c6a10cfb1400551181
generic
In November 2003, she embarked on the Dangerously in Love Tour in Europe and later toured alongside Missy Elliott and Alicia Keys for the Verizon Ladies First Tour in North America. On February 1, 2004, Beyoncé performed the American national anthem at Super Bowl XXXVIII, at the Reliant Stadium in Houston, Texas. After...
What was the name of the final album of Destiny's Child?
{'text': 'Destiny Fulfilled', 'answer_start': 664}
129,632
129,290
5734465d879d6814001ca464
generic
Hunter-gathering lifestyles remained prevalent in some parts of the New World, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Siberia, as well as all of Australia, until the European Age of Discovery. They still persist in some tribal societies, albeit in rapid decline. Peoples that preserved paleolithic hunting-gathering until the recent pa...
Where does the hunter-gathering lifestyle persist, though in decline?
{'text': 'some tribal societies', 'answer_start': 200}
120,469
120,127
57318951497a881900248fe9
generic
About 5% of the Nicaraguan population are indigenous. The largest indigenous group in Nicaragua is the Miskito people. Their territory extended from Cape Camarón, Honduras, to Rio Grande, Nicaragua along the Mosquito Coast. There is a native Miskito language, but large groups speak Miskito Coast Creole, Spanish, Rama a...
How did Creole English come about?
{'text': 'frequent contact with the British', 'answer_start': 378}
12,085
11,743
56df705556340a1900b29b5d
generic
A regular international ferry service provided by Brittany Ferries operates from Millbay taking cars and foot passengers directly to France (Roscoff) and Spain (Santander) on the three ferries, MV Armorique, MV Bretagne and MV Pont-Aven. There is a passenger ferry between Stonehouse and the Cornish hamlet of Cremyll, w...
A passenger ferry operates between Cremyll and what location?
{'text': 'Stonehouse', 'answer_start': 273}
33,189
32,847
570985f3ed30961900e84272
generic
Orthodox Judaism holds that on Mount Sinai, the Written Law was transmitted along with an Oral Law. The words of the Torah (Pentateuch) were spoken to Moses by God; the laws contained in this Written Torah, the "Mitzvot", were given along with detailed explanations in the oral tradition as to how to apply and interpret...
Where was the written law and the oral law transmitted?
{'text': 'Mount Sinai', 'answer_start': 31}
67,274
66,932
5726a8565951b619008f7948
generic
Application of electric motors revolutionized industry. Industrial processes were no longer limited by power transmission using line shafts, belts, compressed air or hydraulic pressure. Instead every machine could be equipped with its own electric motor, providing easy control at the point of use, and improving power t...
In what domain did electric motors reduce reliance on humans and animals?
{'text': 'agriculture', 'answer_start': 371}
124,507
124,165
5732480e0fdd8d15006c68e3
generic
Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Jesus is God's only direct creation, that everything else was created by means of Christ, and that the initial unassisted act of creation uniquely identifies Jesus as God's "only-begotten Son". Jesus served as a redeemer and a ransom sacrifice to pay for the sins of humanity. They belie...
What do Jehovah Witnesses believe Jesus died on rather than a traditional cross?
{'text': 'a single upright post', 'answer_start': 337}
115,970
115,628
5730368a04bcaa1900d77381
generic
Exceptions to the restrictions faced by Windows Store apps are given to web browsers. The user's default browser can distribute a Metro-style web browser in same package as the desktop version, which has access to functionality unavailable to other apps, such as being able to permanently run in the background, use mult...
What different options did the desktop version have?
{'text': 'able to permanently run in the background, use multiple background processes, and use Windows API code', 'answer_start': 269}
38,436
38,094
570c0ad6ec8fbc190045bc29
generic
According to FIG rules, only women compete in rhythmic gymnastics. This is a sport that combines elements of ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation. The sport involves the performance of five separate routines with the use of five apparatus; ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, rope—on a floor area, with a much gr...
What does rhythmic gymastics combine together?
{'text': 'ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation', 'answer_start': 109}
79,681
79,339
5a7e703248f7d9001a0636f1
generic
The retail trade in Cork city includes a mix of both modern, state of the art shopping centres and family owned local shops. Department stores cater for all budgets, with expensive boutiques for one end of the market and high street stores also available. Shopping centres can be found in many of Cork's suburbs, includi...
What is Opera Lane considered after Dublin Grafton Street?
{'text': 'the most expensive street in the country per sq. metre', 'answer_start': 872}
11,759
11,417
56dec2c73277331400b4d717
generic
In its April 2010 report, Progressive ethics watchdog group Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington named Schwarzenegger one of 11 "worst governors" in the United States because of various ethics issues throughout Schwarzenegger's term as governor.
What group awarded Schwarzenegger the title of one of the 11 "worst governors" in a 2010 report?
{'text': 'Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington', 'answer_start': 60}
113,867
113,525
573032da947a6a140053d279
generic
In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric powe...
When did Iran open its first geothermal plants?
{'text': '2004', 'answer_start': 326}
35,040
34,698
5a396a1b2f14dd001ac72301
generic
In May 2013, the club launched a new crest to improve the reproducibility of the design in print and broadcast media, particularly on a small scale. Critics[who?] suggested that it was external pressure from sports manufacturers Nike, Inc. that evoked the redesign as the number of colours has been reduced and the radia...
What percentage of people had a positive response to the new crest, as opposed to those who were negative or indifferent?
{'text': '91%', 'answer_start': 511}
124,669
124,327
5ad3e322604f3c001a3ff54b
generic
A sociological comparative study by the Pew Research Center found that Jehovah's Witnesses in the United States ranked highest in statistics for getting no further than high school graduation, belief in God, importance of religion in one's life, frequency of religious attendance, frequency of prayers, frequency of Bibl...
What is one of the Protestant religions that encourages people to be engaged in politics?
{'text': "Jehovah's Witnesses", 'answer_start': 71}
79,706
79,364
5a7e755348f7d9001a06370a
generic
The city is also home to the Heineken Brewery that brews Murphy's Irish Stout and the nearby Beamish and Crawford brewery (taken over by Heineken in 2008) which have been in the city for generations. 45% of the world's Tic Tac sweets are manufactured at the city's Ferrero factory. For many years, Cork was the home to F...
How many people in the city drink Heineken?
{'text': '45%', 'answer_start': 200}
109,984
109,642
572f62ff947a6a140053c90c
generic
Tucson (/ˈtuːsɒn/ /tuːˈsɒn/) is a city and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and home to the University of Arizona. The 2010 United States Census put the population at 520,116, while the 2013 estimated population of the entire Tucson metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was 996,544. The Tucson MSA ...
What was the estimated population of the entire Tuscan area in 2013?
{'text': '996,544', 'answer_start': 296}
45,726
45,384
5710224aa58dae1900cd68d8
generic
Since 1642 (in the 13 colonies, the United States under the Articles of Confederation, and the current United States) an estimated 364 juvenile offenders have been put to death by the states and the federal government. The earliest known execution of a prisoner for crimes committed as a juvenile was Thomas Graunger in ...
About how many American juveniles have been executed since 1642?
{'text': '364', 'answer_start': 131}
103,416
103,074
572f0356dfa6aa1500f8d563
generic
There are several technologies aimed to provide better experience to passengers suffering from claustrophobia, anthropophobia or social anxiety. Israeli startup DigiGage uses motion sensors to scroll the pre-rendered images, building and floor-specific content on a screen embedded into the wall as the cab moves up and ...
New technologies aim to provide a better elevator experience to passengers who suffer from what?
{'text': 'claustrophobia, anthropophobia or social anxiety', 'answer_start': 95}
58,419
58,077
5ad0a760645df0001a2cffb6
generic
The Grands Magasins Dufayel was a huge department store with inexpensive prices built in 1890 in the northern part of Paris, where it reached a very large new customer base in the working class. In a neighborhood with few public spaces, it provided a consumer version of the public square. It educated workers to approac...
How were these stores the same as most during that time?
{'text': 'transform consumption from a business transaction into a direct relationship between consumer and sought-after goods', 'answer_start': 534}
43,455
43,113
570e2f6e0b85d914000d7d20
generic
In 1922, Benito Mussolini's rise to power in Italy brought profound changes to the colonial government in Italian Eritrea. After il Duce declared the birth of the Italian Empire in May 1936, Italian Eritrea (enlarged with northern Ethiopia's regions) and Italian Somaliland were merged with the just conquered Ethiopia i...
What was Eritrea chosen to be by the Italian government during the Italian Empire?
{'text': 'industrial center of Italian East Africa', 'answer_start': 556}
77,158
76,816
5a8c8277fd22b3001a8d89ab
generic
Although Greg argued that an editor should be free to use his judgment to choose between competing substantive readings, he suggested that an editor should defer to the copy-text when "the claims of two readings ... appear to be exactly balanced. ... In such a case, while there can be no logical reason for giving prefe...
What do editors call variants that are not balanced?
{'text': 'indifferent', 'answer_start': 500}
72,064
71,722
572803c92ca10214002d9b87
generic
Modern chemistry emerged from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries through the material practices and theories promoted by alchemy, medicine, manufacturing and mining. A decisive moment came when 'chymistry' was distinguished from alchemy by Robert Boyle in his work The Sceptical Chymist, in 1661; although th...
What was Antoine Lavoisier's nickname?
{'text': 'Father of Modern Chemistry', 'answer_start': 586}
126,447
126,105
5732840c06a3a419008acab7
generic
Eliot and her circle, who included her companion George Henry Lewes (the biographer of Goethe) and the abolitionist and social theorist Harriet Martineau, were much influenced by the positivism of Auguste Comte, whom Martineau had translated. Comte had proposed an atheistic culte founded on human principles – a secular...
What main idea did the English believers of Comte's philosophy take from his writings?
{'text': 'religion of humanity', 'answer_start': 693}
54,350
54,008
5acfca0c77cf76001a685fcd
generic
The terms piracy and theft are often associated with copyright infringement. The original meaning of piracy is "robbery or illegal violence at sea", but the term has been in use for centuries as a synonym for acts of copyright infringement. Theft, meanwhile, emphasizes the potential commercial harm of infringement to c...
What doesn't mean the same as robbery or illegal violence at sea?
{'text': 'piracy', 'answer_start': 101}
58,089
57,747
5726763c708984140094c6e8
generic
Bateman was responsible for the building of 36 new buildings for the university both on and off campus, including the expansion of the Harold B. Lee Library. He was also one of several key college leaders who brought about the creation of the Mountain West Conference, which BYU's athletics program joined — BYU previous...
Who replaced Bateman's successor?
{'text': 'Kevin J Worthen', 'answer_start': 783}
5,669
5,327
56d12a0417492d1400aabb06
generic
The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]
What teachings are the most important to Buddhism?
{'text': 'the Four Noble Truths', 'answer_start': 17}
99,625
99,283
5a57d3d8770dc0001aeefdd6
generic
Most of Hume's followers have disagreed with his conclusion that belief in an external world is rationally unjustifiable, contending that Hume's own principles implicitly contained the rational justification for such a belief, that is, beyond being content to let the issue rest on human instinct, custom and habit. Acco...
Who argued for subjective idealism?
{'text': "Hume's followers", 'answer_start': 8}
81,398
81,056
572843d4ff5b5019007da04c
generic
Along with professional services, media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the City. Many national newspapers are edited in London. London is a majo...
What corporation is the major player in London's media distribution industry?
{'text': 'The BBC', 'answer_start': 157}
78,698
78,356
5727a844ff5b5019007d9208
generic
Dominic inspired his followers with loyalty to learning and virtue, a deep recognition of the spiritual power of worldly deprivation and the religious state, and a highly developed governmental structure. At the same time, Dominic inspired the members of his order to develop a "mixed" spirituality. They were both activ...
In what country did Dominican Order nuns thrive in?
{'text': 'England', 'answer_start': 669}
72,664
72,322
5a7342b453a187001ae63179
generic
With $18.8 million spent in 2013, Comcast has the seventh largest lobbying budget of any individual company or organization in the United States. Comcast employs multiple former US Congressmen as lobbyists. The National Cable & Telecommunications Association, which has multiple Comcast executives on its board, also rep...
How much did Comcast spend on lobbying efforts in 2012?
{'text': '$18.8 million', 'answer_start': 5}
110,873
110,531
572fa22c04bcaa1900d76b1d
generic
Multi-layer printed circuit boards have trace layers inside the board. This is achieved by laminating a stack of materials in a press by applying pressure and heat for a period of time. This results in an inseparable one piece product. For example, a four-layer PCB can be fabricated by starting from a two-sided copper-...
If you started with a two-sided laminate etched on either side, laminated to the top and bottom, and processed it again to get traces on the outside layers, how many layers would your final PCB have?
{'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 251}
20,996
20,654
56e7b24637bdd419002c438c
generic
On December 19, 2006, ESPN announced the purchase of a minority stake in the AFL. This deal included television rights for the ESPN family of networks. ESPN would televise a minimum of 17 regular season games, most on Monday nights, and nine playoff games, including ArenaBowl XXI on ABC. The deal resulted in added expo...
On what date did ESPN buy a minority share of the AFL?
{'text': 'December 19, 2006', 'answer_start': 3}
402
60
56d443ef2ccc5a1400d830dc
generic
Beyoncé attended St. Mary's Elementary School in Fredericksburg, Texas, where she enrolled in dance classes. Her singing talent was discovered when dance instructor Darlette Johnson began humming a song and she finished it, able to hit the high-pitched notes. Beyoncé's interest in music and performing continued after w...
What was the name of Beyoncé's first dance instructor?
{'text': 'Darlette Johnson', 'answer_start': 165}
84,035
83,693
5728a76a2ca10214002da538
generic
Akbar's son, Jahangir more or less followed father's policy. The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600. The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the R...
What reached it height during the reign of Shah Jehan?
{'text': 'Mughal architecture', 'answer_start': 173}
18,144
17,802
56e15ca6cd28a01900c6780e
generic
Universal could seldom afford its own stable of stars, and often borrowed talent from other studios, or hired freelance actors. In addition to Stewart and Dietrich, Margaret Sullavan, and Bing Crosby were two of the major names that made a couple of pictures for Universal during this period. Some stars came from radio,...
What military comedy did Bud Abbott and Lou Costello star in?
{'text': 'Buck Privates', 'answer_start': 471}
87,219
86,877
572821484b864d190016451a
generic
Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as cassava, peanuts, maize, sorghum, millet, sesame, and plantain. The annual real GDP growth rate is just above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported cash crops is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple foo...
What type of agriculture is popular in the CAR?
{'text': 'food crops', 'answer_start': 56}
67,901
67,559
5727bdfe3acd2414000deb2f
generic
Motorsport racecourses and events were banned in Switzerland following the 1955 Le Mans disaster with exception to events such as Hillclimbing. During this period, the country still produced successful racing drivers such as Clay Regazzoni, Sebastian Buemi, Jo Siffert, Dominique Aegerter, successful World Touring Car C...
What was banned in Switzerland in 1955 after the Le Mans disaster?
{'text': 'Motorsport racecourses and events', 'answer_start': 0}
105,085
104,743
572fc58bb2c2fd1400568436
generic
The attitude of the Air Ministry was in contrast to the experiences of the First World War when a few German bombers caused physical and psychological damage out of all proportion to their numbers. Around 280 short tons (250 t) (9,000 bombs) had been dropped, killing 1,413 people and injuring 3,500 more. Most people ag...
Why had German raids decreased between 1916-1918?
{'text': 'countermeasures', 'answer_start': 457}
128,074
127,732
5733a6424776f41900660f50
generic
The College of Engineering was established in 1920, however, early courses in civil and mechanical engineering were a part of the College of Science since the 1870s. Today the college, housed in the Fitzpatrick, Cushing, and Stinson-Remick Halls of Engineering, includes five departments of study – aerospace and mechani...
How many departments are within the Stinson-Remick Hall of Engineering?
{'text': 'five', 'answer_start': 271}
61,835
61,493
57268be2dd62a815002e8904
generic
Burma continues to be used in English by the governments of many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. Official United States policy retains Burma as the country's name, although the State Department's website lists the country as "Burma (Myanmar)" and Barack Obama has referred to the country by ...
What is the country called in sessions of the United Nations?
{'text': 'United Nations uses Myanmar', 'answer_start': 469}
24,847
24,505
56f89a8d9e9bad19000a01b7
generic
Glaciers end in ice caves (the Rhone Glacier), by trailing into a lake or river, or by shedding snowmelt on a meadow. Sometimes a piece of glacier will detach or break resulting in flooding, property damage and loss of life. In the 17th century about 2500 people were killed by an avalanche in a village on the French-It...
What causes flooding, property damage, and loss of life?
{'text': 'a piece of glacier will detach or break', 'answer_start': 128}
13,624
13,282
5acd5b4007355d001abf3ea5
generic
Hunting-gathering was the common human mode of subsistence throughout the Paleolithic, but the observation of current-day hunters and gatherers does not necessarily reflect Paleolithic societies; the hunter-gatherer cultures examined today have had much contact with modern civilization and do not represent "pristine" c...
Hunter-gatherer cultures examined today have almost no contact with who?
{'text': 'modern civilization', 'answer_start': 267}
107,353
107,011
572f043f03f9891900756b49
generic
Many major events caused Europe to change around the start of the 16th century, starting with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the fall of Muslim Spain and the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation in 1517. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor ...
Who was defeated by Henry Vll at the battle of Bosworth?
{'text': 'Richard III', 'answer_start': 362}
105,413
105,071
572ea0a603f989190075685d
generic
A species can be listed in two ways. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) or NOAA Fisheries (also called the National Marine Fisheries Service) can directly list a species through its candidate assessment program, or an individual or organizational petition may request that the FWS or NMFS list a species. ...
How long is the screening period of an individual's or organization's petition to add a species to the list
{'text': '90-day screening period', 'answer_start': 557}
108,187
107,845
57302473947a6a140053d18b
generic
The polarization of an antenna refers to the orientation of the electric field (E-plane) of the radio wave with respect to the Earth's surface and is determined by the physical structure of the antenna and by its orientation; note that this designation is totally distinct from the antenna's directionality. Thus, a simp...
When is a magnetic fields right angles to a electrical field?
{'text': 'transverse wave', 'answer_start': 458}
23,635
23,293
56f7144e711bf01900a44917
generic
He was General Secretary (later Chairman of the Presidium) of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1939–80), and went on to lead the World War II Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the Partisans (1941–45). After the war, he was the Prime Minister (1944–63), President (later President for Life) (1953–80) of the Socialist F...
What foreign decorations did Tito recieve?
{'text': 'Legion of Honour and the Order of the Bath', 'answer_start': 661}
51,525
51,183
5725c2d6ec44d21400f3d4fb
generic
In mid 2011, the Foundation announced in its new "Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Strategy Overview" that its funding now focuses primarily on sanitation, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, because access to improved sanitation is lowest in those regions. Their grant-making focus has been since 2011 on sanit...
What did the foundation announce in 2011
{'text': 'In mid 2011, the Foundation announced in its new "Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Strategy Overview"', 'answer_start': 0}
20,657
20,315
56e7aa3300c9c71400d774ad
generic
Among all 17 railway stations in Nanjing, passenger rail service is mainly provided by Nanjing Railway Station and Nanjing South Railway Station, while other stations like Nanjing West Railway Station, Zhonghuamen Railway Station and Xianlin Railway Station serve minor roles. Nanjing Railway Station was first built in ...
How many railway stations are there in Nanjing?
{'text': '17', 'answer_start': 10}
629
287
56d4c75a2ccc5a1400d8322f
generic
Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most-successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black" with André 3000 o...
Beyoncé was an honorary chair of the 2013 what?
{'text': 'Met Gala.', 'answer_start': 404}
36,165
35,823
5a2f504fa83784001a7d26f6
generic
The Triassic was generally dry, a trend that began in the late Carboniferous, and highly seasonal, especially in the interior of Pangaea. Low sea levels may have also exacerbated temperature extremes. With its high specific heat capacity, water acts as a temperature-stabilizing heat reservoir, and land areas near large...
What caused the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event?
{'text': 'dry climate', 'answer_start': 700}
117,602
117,260
5730b096396df9190009629d
generic
Though women were protected by late Sumerian law and were able to achieve a higher status in Sumer than in other contemporary civilizations, the culture was male-dominated. The Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest such codification yet discovered, dating to the Ur-III "Sumerian Renaissance", reveals a glimpse at societal struc...
What gender dominated Sumerian culture?
{'text': 'male', 'answer_start': 157}
35,459
35,117
5acd6eb107355d001abf41d8
generic
The 1903 advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft was closely followed in 1910 by the first experimental take-off of an airplane, made from the deck of a United States Navy vessel (cruiser USS Birmingham), and the first experimental landings were conducted in 1911. On 9 May 1912 the first airplane take-off from a...
In what year were the first experimental takeoffs of an airplane?
{'text': '1911', 'answer_start': 266}
100,648
100,306
572bf9b1dfb02c14005c6b18
generic
During the American Revolutionary War, Fort Watauga at Sycamore Shoals (in present-day Elizabethton) was attacked (1776) by Dragging Canoe and his warring faction of Cherokee who were aligned with the British Loyalists. These renegade Cherokee were referred to by settlers as the Chickamauga. They opposed North Carolina...
Who left Fort Watuaga, crossed the Appalachians, and attacked the British army in South Carolina in 1780?
{'text': 'Overmountain Men', 'answer_start': 669}
123,863
123,521
5732013eb9d445190005e70c
generic
Like the Speaker of the House, the Minority Leaders are typically experienced lawmakers when they win election to this position. When Nancy Pelosi, D-CA, became Minority Leader in the 108th Congress, she had served in the House nearly 20 years and had served as minority whip in the 107th Congress. When her predecessor,...
When was Robert Michel elected minority leader?
{'text': '1981', 'answer_start': 771}
69,198
68,856
5a45a19119a820001a1edac0
generic
Competition for employees with the public and private sector is another problem that Nonprofit organizations will inevitably face, particularly for management positions. There are reports of major talent shortages in the nonprofit sector today regarding newly graduated workers, and NPOs have for too long relegated hiri...
What is another problem public sector competitors face?
{'text': 'Competition for employees with the public and private sector', 'answer_start': 0}
40,114
39,772
570c5881b3d812140066d16a
generic
This trend for the king to rely on his own men at the expense of the barons was exacerbated by the tradition of Angevin royal ira et malevolentia – "anger and ill-will" – and John's own personality. From Henry II onwards, ira et malevolentia had come to describe the right of the king to express his anger and displeasur...
What was exacerbated by the tradition of Angevin royal ira et malevolentia?
{'text': 'the king to rely on his own men at the expense of the barons', 'answer_start': 15}
16,423
16,081
56e0cdc37aa994140058e723
generic
Internet Explorer, on the other hand, was bundled free with the Windows operating system (and was also downloadable free), and therefore it was funded partly by the sales of Windows to computer manufacturers and direct to users. Internet Explorer also used to be available for the Mac. It is likely that releasing IE for...
What other OS could use Internet Explorer?
{'text': 'Mac', 'answer_start': 281}
116,563
116,221
573071d98ab72b1400f9c4f1
generic
Translation has served as a school of writing for many authors. Translators, including monks who spread Buddhist texts in East Asia, and the early modern European translators of the Bible, in the course of their work have shaped the very languages into which they have translated. They have acted as bridges for conveyin...
What have translators acted as by conveying knowledge between cultures?
{'text': 'bridges', 'answer_start': 300}
97,643
97,301
5a0e0934d7c85000188644ff
generic
According to two researchers, Nesse and Williams, diarrhea may function as an evolved expulsion defense mechanism. As a result, if it is stopped, there might be a delay in recovery. They cite in support of this argument research published in 1973 that found that treating Shigella with the anti-diarrhea drug (Co-phenotr...
What did the researchers discover about shigellosis?
{'text': 'diarrhea may function as an evolved expulsion defense mechanism', 'answer_start': 50}
20,277
19,935
5acf5c9477cf76001a684c39
generic
In the U.S. News & World Report's "America’s Best Colleges" 2016 issue, KU’s School of Engineering was ranked tied for 90th among national universities.
In what place did the engineering school at KU appear in 2015?
{'text': '90th', 'answer_start': 119}
102,095
101,753
572e85b403f989190075671c
generic
The Bovington signal course's director reported that Gaddafi successfully overcame problems learning English, displaying a firm command of voice procedure. Noting that Gaddafi's favourite hobbies were reading and playing football, he thought him an "amusing officer, always cheerful, hard-working, and conscientious." Ga...
How did the Bovington signal course director view Gaddafi?
{'text': 'he thought him an "amusing officer, always cheerful, hard-working, and conscientious."', 'answer_start': 231}
27,283
26,941
56f9efa98f12f31900630004
generic
In the tree a knot is either the base of a side branch or a dormant bud. A knot (when the base of a side branch) is conical in shape (hence the roughly circular cross-section) with the inner tip at the point in stem diameter at which the plant's vascular cambium was located when the branch formed as a bud.
What shape is the knot formed by a side branch's base?
{'text': 'conical', 'answer_start': 116}
95,796
95,454
5ace5d7632bba1001ae4a410
generic
Although reptiles are less abundant and diverse than amphibians, a number of snakes are conspicuous members of the fauna. One of the largest is the non-venomous black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta), while the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis) is among the smallest but most abundant. The American copperhea...
Which kind of turtle is only found in the eastern Appalachians?
{'text': 'eastern box turtle', 'answer_start': 656}
72,157
71,815
57283431ff5b5019007d9ef8
generic
Computer science, built upon a foundation of theoretical linguistics, discrete mathematics, and electrical engineering, studies the nature and limits of computation. Subfields include computability, computational complexity, database design, computer networking, artificial intelligence, and the design of computer hardw...
What science is based on linguistics, mathematics, and engineering?
{'text': 'Computer science', 'answer_start': 0}
120,421
120,079
57318080497a881900248f92
generic
Indigenous peoples of Brazil make up 0.4% of Brazil's population, or about 700,000 people, even though millions of Brazilians have some indigenous ancestry. Indigenous peoples are found in the entire territory of Brazil, although the majority of them live in Indian reservations in the North and Center-Western part of t...
How many different uncontacted tribes were confirmed in Brazil in 2007?
{'text': '67', 'answer_start': 406}
17,620
17,278
56e1184ecd28a01900c67598
generic
The area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and government activitie...
Bostons businesses rank top in the country for what?
{'text': 'environmental sustainability and investment', 'answer_start': 483}
75,077
74,735
5727de03ff5b5019007d9718
generic
In May 1845, the Baptist congregations in the United States split over slavery and missions. The Home Mission Society prevented slaveholders from being appointed as missionaries. The split created the Southern Baptist Convention, while the northern congregations formed their own umbrella organization now called the Ame...
Slaveholders were prevented from being appointed as what?
{'text': 'missionaries', 'answer_start': 165}
11,750
11,408
56debfd9c65bf219000b3d31
generic
It was rumored that Schwarzenegger might run for the United States Senate in 2010, as his governorship would be term-limited by that time. This turned out to be false.
What political office did people speculate Schwarzenegger might try for in 2010?
{'text': 'United States Senate', 'answer_start': 53}
128,439
128,097
5ad2ed91604f3c001a3fd9e2
generic
Applied Anthropology refers to the application of the method and theory of anthropology to the analysis and solution of practical problems. It is a, "complex of related, research-based, instrumental methods which produce change or stability in specific cultural systems through the provision of data, initiation of direc...
what is distincly different than Development Anthropology?
{'text': 'Applied Anthropology', 'answer_start': 0}
93,900
93,558
572973313f37b319004783f3
generic
The gyromagnetic ratio γ is the constant of proportionality between the frequency ν of nuclear magnetic resonance (or electron paramagnetic resonance for electrons) and the applied magnetic field B: ν = γB. It is difficult to measure gyromagnetic ratios precisely because of the difficulties in precisely measuring B, bu...
The gyromagnetic ratio is the constant proportion between the magentic field and what?
{'text': 'the frequency ν of nuclear magnetic resonance', 'answer_start': 68}
100,529
100,187
572bc15c34ae481900deaef8
generic
Instruction is the facilitation of another's learning. Instructors in primary and secondary institutions are often called teachers, and they direct the education of students and might draw on many subjects like reading, writing, mathematics, science and history. Instructors in post-secondary institutions might be calle...
What are the main subjects that are covered by the instructor?
{'text': 'reading, writing, mathematics, science and history', 'answer_start': 211}
89,346
89,004
572878562ca10214002da39d
generic
A perceived turning point was when Blair controversially allied himself with US President George W. Bush in supporting the Iraq War, which caused him to lose much of his political support. The UN Secretary-General, among many, considered the war illegal. The Iraq War was deeply unpopular in most western countries, with...
Was the idea of the Iraq War popular or unpopular in Western countries?
{'text': 'deeply unpopular', 'answer_start': 272}
22,353
22,011
56f743d9aef2371900625a66
generic
It is in this time that the notation of music on a staff and other elements of musical notation began to take shape. This invention made possible the separation of the composition of a piece of music from its transmission; without written music, transmission was oral, and subject to change every time it was transmitted...
What can a musical scored be performed without?
{'text': "the composer's presence", 'answer_start': 387}
110,999
110,657
5ace91de32bba1001ae4aa63
generic
Through-hole manufacture adds to board cost by requiring many holes to be drilled accurately, and limits the available routing area for signal traces on layers immediately below the top layer on multi-layer boards since the holes must pass through all layers to the opposite side. Once surface-mounting came into use, sm...
What will not damage the PCB?
{'text': 'mechanical stress', 'answer_start': 522}
99,570
99,228
572b352e111d821400f38ddc
generic
In response to the early-to-mid-17th century "continental rationalism" John Locke (1632–1704) proposed in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) a very influential view wherein the only knowledge humans can have is a posteriori, i.e., based upon experience. Locke is famously attributed with holding the proposit...
What does 'tabula rasa' mean?
{'text': 'blank tablet', 'answer_start': 365}
80,076
79,734
5727c707ff5b5019007d94ec
generic
High-speed USB 2.0 hubs contain devices called transaction translators that convert between high-speed USB 2.0 buses and full and low speed buses. When a high-speed USB 2.0 hub is plugged into a high-speed USB host or hub, it operates in high-speed mode. The USB hub then uses either one transaction translator per hub t...
What kind of devices do High speed USB 2.0's contain?
{'text': 'transaction translators', 'answer_start': 47}
30,650
30,308
5706b5100eeca41400aa0d69
generic
Back in America the scene had still not progressed beyond a small number of clubs in Chicago, Detroit, Newark and New York City. However, many independent Chicago-based record labels were making appearances on the Dance Chart with their releases. In the UK, any house song released by a Chicago-based label was routinely...
what was different about the bass-line in the hip-hop influenced house songs?
{'text': 'more rugged', 'answer_start': 708}
75,442
75,100
57276c415951b619008f89a0
generic
Severe weather occurs regularly in North Carolina. On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade. Destructive hurricanes that have struck the state include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the strongest storm to make landfall in the state, as a Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel stands...
What category of hurricane was Hazel?
{'text': '4', 'answer_start': 286}
36,150
35,808
570ae1586d058f1900183140
generic
The Late Jurassic spans from 163 million to 145 million years ago. The Late Jurassic featured a massive extinction of sauropods and Ichthyosaurs due to the separation of Pangaea into Laurasia and Gondwana in an extinction known as the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction. Sea levels rose, destroying fern prairies and creatin...
How many years did the Late Jurassic cover?
{'text': '163 million to 145 million', 'answer_start': 29}
100,712
100,370
572c86e9dfb02c14005c6ba1
generic
Major corporations with headquarters in Tennessee include FedEx, AutoZone and International Paper, all based in Memphis; Pilot Corporation and Regal Entertainment Group, based in Knoxville; Eastman Chemical Company, based in Kingsport; the North American headquarters of Nissan Motor Company, based in Franklin; Hospital...
Where in Tennessee is the headquarters of International Paper?
{'text': 'Memphis', 'answer_start': 112}
99,338
98,996
5ace55f632bba1001ae4a2ef
generic
Two aspects of indigenous pre-Hispanic culture that withstood time are chenchule' and inafa'maolek. Chenchule' is the intricate system of reciprocity at the heart of Chamorro society. It is rooted in the core value of inafa'maolek. Historian Lawrence Cunningham in 1992 wrote, "In a Chamorro sense, the land and its prod...
What is the Chamorro term for individualism?
{'text': "inafa'maolek", 'answer_start': 86}
8,441
8,099
5ad0255e77cf76001a686b9c
generic
The current administration presides over an uneasy internal peace and faces difficult economic problems of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty, despite record-high oil prices since 2003. Natural gas and diamonds are also recent major Congolese exports, although Congo was excluded from the Kimberley Process in 200...
When was the Democratic Republic of Congo excluded from the Kimberly process?
{'text': '2004', 'answer_start': 317}
24,310
23,968
56f7f2eca6d7ea1400e17300
generic
The Period of Division from, A.D., 1138 – A.D., 1314, which included nearly 200 years of feudal fragmentation and which stemmed from Bolesław III's division of Poland among his sons, was the genesis of the social structure which saw the economic elevation of the great landowning feudal nobles (możni/Magnates, both eccl...
What stemmed the period of division?
{'text': "Bolesław III's division of Poland among his sons", 'answer_start': 133}
108,300
107,958
572ef96cdfa6aa1500f8d50f
generic
The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with about 350,000 species. Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants; they are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and t...
What do angiosperms have in common with gymnosperms?
{'text': 'seed-producing plants', 'answer_start': 186}
4,973
4,631
56ce7645aab44d1400b887c9
generic
In 1974, the unmanned AstroFlight Sunrise plane made the first solar flight. On 29 April 1979, the Solar Riser made the first flight in a solar-powered, fully controlled, man carrying flying machine, reaching an altitude of 40 feet (12 m). In 1980, the Gossamer Penguin made the first piloted flights powered solely by p...
What altitude did the Solar Riser reach in feet?
{'text': '40', 'answer_start': 224}
113,587
113,245
573007b9a23a5019007fcc6a
generic
Encompasses both secular and religious styles, the design and style made by Muslims and their construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture included the architectural types: the Mosque, the Tomb, the Palace and the Fort. Perhaps the most important expression of Islamic art is architecture, particularly th...
What type of decorations are used in Muslim world decorative art rather than pictures?
{'text': 'decorative calligraphy', 'answer_start': 563}
62,687
62,345
5a81a04d31013a001a334cf6
generic
Cotton linters are fine, silky fibers which adhere to the seeds of the cotton plant after ginning. These curly fibers typically are less than 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) long. The term also may apply to the longer textile fiber staple lint as well as the shorter fuzzy fibers from some upland species. Linters are traditionally us...
What does wool look like?
{'text': 'fine, silky fibers', 'answer_start': 19}
56,517
56,175
57265d27708984140094c3a5
generic
Digital cameras have far surpassed film in terms of sensitivity to light, with ISO equivalent speeds of up to 409,600, a number that is unfathomable in the realm of conventional film photography. Faster processors, as well as advances in software noise reduction techniques allow this type of processing to be executed t...
What does the higher speed do for the images produced?
{'text': 'a higher level of refinement', 'answer_start': 402}
42,104
41,762
570d4103b3d812140066d5f4
generic
When the war had begun, European public opinion heavily favored the Germans; many Italians attempted to sign up as volunteers at the Prussian embassy in Florence and a Prussian diplomat visited Giuseppe Garibaldi in Caprera. Bismarck's demand for the return of Alsace caused a dramatic shift in that sentiment in Italy, ...
In which city did many Italians attempt to proffer their services to the Prussian embassy?
{'text': 'Florence', 'answer_start': 153}
55,844
55,502
572686e8dd62a815002e8831
generic
At the Battle of Pulo Aura, which was probably the company's most notable naval victory, Nathaniel Dance, Commodore of a convoy of Indiamen and sailing aboard the Warley, led several Indiamen in a skirmish with a French squadron, driving them off. Some six years earlier, on 28 January 1797, five Indiamen, the Woodford,...
what general played the biggest role in the capture of the seven Dutch East Indiamen?
{'text': 'General Goddard', 'answer_start': 711}