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129,285 | 128,943 | 57345c6a879d6814001ca562 | generic | The Richmond area also has two railroad stations served by Amtrak. Each station receives regular service from north of Richmond including Washington, D.C., Philadelphia, and New York. The suburban Staples Mill Road Station is located on a major north-south freight line and receives all service to and from all points so... | Along with Williamsburg, what city's rail traffic uses the Main Street Station? | {'text': 'Newport News', 'answer_start': 587} |
78,112 | 77,770 | 5a5e61eb5bc9f4001a75afa1 | generic | Pāśupata Shaivism (Pāśupata, "of Paśupati") is the oldest of the major Shaiva schools. The philosophy of Pashupata sect was systematized by Lakulish in the 2nd century CE. Paśu in Paśupati refers to the effect (or created world), the word designates that which is dependent on something ulterior. Whereas, Pati means the... | Which theology did Pashupatas prefer? | {'text': 'Vaishnava', 'answer_start': 458} |
74,658 | 74,316 | 5727a82f4b864d19001639a9 | generic | It was not until 9 June 1982, with the Circulaire sur la langue et la culture régionales en Alsace (Memorandum on regional language and culture in Alsace) issued by the Vice-Chancellor of the Académie Pierre Deyon, that the teaching of German in primary schools in Alsace really began to be given more official status. T... | What is the name of the memorandum that past on June 21, 1982? | {'text': 'Circulaire Savary', 'answer_start': 376} |
32,602 | 32,260 | 57096466ed30961900e84075 | generic | Communication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. Wilbur Schram (1954) also indicated that... | The forms of the acts included in communication depends on what? | {'text': 'abilities of the group communicating', 'answer_start': 666} |
40,718 | 40,376 | 5ad560785b96ef001a10ad17 | generic | Apple discontinued the use of PowerPC microprocessors in 2006. At WWDC 2005, Steve Jobs announced this transition, revealing that Mac OS X was always developed to run on both the Intel and PowerPC architectures. All new Macs now use x86 processors made by Intel, and some were renamed as a result. Intel-based Macs runni... | When did Apple announce software that would allow Windows Vista to be run on Intel-based Macs? | {'text': 'April 5, 2006', 'answer_start': 970} |
76,637 | 76,295 | 57278649f1498d1400e8fac8 | generic | The assumption of the use of a two-beamed cross does not determine the number of nails used in the crucifixion and some theories suggest three nails while others suggest four nails. However, throughout history larger numbers of nails have been hypothesized, at times as high as 14 nails. These variations are also presen... | What adds to the confusion of the number of nails used? | {'text': 'artistic depictions of the crucifixion', 'answer_start': 329} |
18,058 | 17,716 | 56e14bdacd28a01900c67769 | generic | In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ... | In what year did Walter Lantz cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal? | {'text': '1943', 'answer_start': 396} |
55,915 | 55,573 | 5a1dd7ee4ea40d0018b06fc5 | generic | During the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China, there was constant warfare occurring in the Central Plain of China. Northerners began to enter into Fujian region, causing the region to incorporate parts of northern Chinese dialects. However, the massive migration of northern Han Chinese into Fujian region mainly occ... | After the disaster of Quangzhou, what group migrated from the north? | {'text': 'Han Chinese', 'answer_start': 279} |
72,516 | 72,174 | 5a35ca66788daf001a5f8671 | generic | The permanent snow cover necessary for glacier formation is affected by factors such as the degree of slope on the land, amount of snowfall and the winds. Glaciers can be found in all latitudes except from 20° to 27° north and south of the equator where the presence of the descending limb of the Hadley circulation lowe... | What can be found in every country from 20 degrees to 27 degess north and south of the equator? | {'text': 'Glaciers', 'answer_start': 155} |
6,416 | 6,074 | 56db19b5e7c41114004b4d05 | generic | Season four premiered on January 18, 2005; this was the first season of the series to be aired in high definition, although the finale of season three was also aired in high definition. The number of those attending the auditions by now had increased to over 100,000 from the 10,000 of the first season. The age limit wa... | When did season four premiere? | {'text': 'January 18, 2005', 'answer_start': 25} |
81,557 | 81,215 | 5a396b042f14dd001ac72311 | generic | Cambridge English Dictionary states that culture is, "the way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time." Terror Management Theory posits that culture is a series of activities and worldviews that provide humans with the illusion of being individuals of va... | How does the Cambridge Swedish Dictionary define "Culture" in short? | {'text': 'the way of life', 'answer_start': 54} |
41,855 | 41,513 | 5acec7dd32bba1001ae4b3cc | generic | The end of World War II set the stage for the East–West confrontation known as the Cold War. With the outbreak of the Korean War, concerns over the defense of Western Europe rose. Two corps, V and VII, were reactivated under Seventh United States Army in 1950 and American strength in Europe rose from one division to fo... | What set the stage for the North-South confrontation? | {'text': 'The end of World War II', 'answer_start': 0} |
76,975 | 76,633 | 5a7fc8148f0597001ac000be | generic | In South Africa, a "two apex" system existed from 1994 to 2013. The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) was created in 1994 and replaced the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa as the highest court of appeal in non-constitutional matters. The SCA is subordinate to the Constitutional Court, which is the hi... | What is the Constitutional Court subordinate to? | {'text': 'The SCA', 'answer_start': 253} |
84,246 | 83,904 | 5727f9b1ff5b5019007d99ac | generic | On 18 June 1953, the monarchy was abolished and the Republic of Egypt declared, with Naguib as its first president. According to Aburish, after assuming power, Nasser and the Free Officers expected to become the "guardians of the people's interests" against the monarchy and the pasha class while leaving the day-to-day ... | Who did Nasser recruit to be Prime Minister? | {'text': 'Ali Maher', 'answer_start': 387} |
105,400 | 105,058 | 5a8454087cf838001a46a74e | generic | The Endangered Species Conservation Act (P. L. 91-135), passed in December, 1969, amended the original law to provide additional protection to species in danger of "worldwide extinction" by prohibiting their importation and subsequent sale in the United States. It expanded the Lacey Act's ban on interstate commerce to ... | What was excluded in the 1969 law? | {'text': 'mammals, reptiles, amphibians, mollusks and crustaceans', 'answer_start': 328} |
33,866 | 33,524 | 5a8ccac8fd22b3001a8d8e7c | generic | In the 16th century, Count Hieronymus Schlick of Bohemia began minting coins known as Joachimstalers (from German thal, or nowadays usually Tal, "valley", cognate with "dale" in English), named for Joachimstal, the valley where the silver was mined (St. Joachim's Valley, now Jáchymov; then part of the Kingdom of Bohemi... | What were the Dutch composed of? | {'text': 'silver', 'answer_start': 232} |
70,969 | 70,627 | 5a57bbd9770dc0001aeefd26 | generic | Several churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly damaged by fire. Th... | What church were demolished in the 1600's | {'text': "St. Salvator's Church", 'answer_start': 810} |
128,153 | 127,811 | 5733b7f74776f41900661131 | generic | The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce, abbreviated postnominals: "CSC"). While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. Collectively, Catholic Mass is ... | What amount of the student body of Notre Dame identifies as Catholic? | {'text': 'over 80%', 'answer_start': 251} |
13,230 | 12,888 | 56df32fd8bc80c19004e4975 | generic | Oklahoma City, lying in the Great Plains region, features one of the largest livestock markets in the world. Oil, natural gas, petroleum products and related industries are the largest sector of the local economy. The city is situated in the middle of an active oil field and oil derricks dot the capitol grounds. The fe... | What offices employ US transportation and Air force bases? | {'text': "Tinker Air Force Base and the United States Department of Transportation's Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center", 'answer_start': 373} |
71,986 | 71,644 | 5727e7cdff5b5019007d9808 | generic | With the division of the Roman Empire, the Western Roman Empire lost contact with much of its past. In the Middle East, Greek philosophy was able to find some support under the newly created Arab Empire. With the spread of Islam in the 7th and 8th centuries, a period of Muslim scholarship, known as the Islamic Golden A... | What language did Muslim philosophers speak? | {'text': 'Arabic', 'answer_start': 432} |
45,096 | 44,754 | 570fcf3e80d9841400ab3691 | generic | In the early 1990s, Dell sold its products through Best Buy, Costco and Sam's Club stores in the United States. Dell stopped this practice in 1994, citing low profit-margins on the business, exclusively distributing through a direct-sales model for the next decade. In 2003, Dell briefly sold products in Sears stores in... | What decade did Dell sell electronics through big box stores? | {'text': '1990s', 'answer_start': 13} |
109,089 | 108,747 | 572f9b7f947a6a140053cac0 | generic | The process of desegregation at Washington University began in 1947 with the School of Medicine and the School of Social Work. During the mid and late 1940s, the University was the target of critical editorials in the local African American press, letter-writing campaigns by churches and the local Urban League, and leg... | When did Washington University begin desegregation? | {'text': '1947', 'answer_start': 63} |
18,099 | 17,757 | 56e150d1cd28a01900c677ae | generic | The end for the Laemmles came with a lavish version of Show Boat (1936), a remake of its earlier 1929 part-talkie production, and produced as a high-quality, big-budget film rather than as a B-picture. The new film featured several stars from the Broadway stage version, which began production in late 1935, and unlike t... | Who granted Universal the production loan? | {'text': 'the Standard Capital Corporation', 'answer_start': 600} |
59,042 | 58,700 | 5acd8c7607355d001abf46ce | generic | Hurricanes pose a severe threat each year during the June 1 to November 30 hurricane season, particularly from August to October. Florida is the most hurricane-prone state, with subtropical or tropical water on a lengthy coastline. Of the category 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States, 83% have either h... | What weather threat rarely hits florida? | {'text': 'Hurricanes', 'answer_start': 0} |
25,556 | 25,214 | 56f8eee09e9bad19000a0724 | generic | Guinea-Bissau has several secondary schools (general as well as technical) and a number of universities, to which an institutionally autonomous Faculty of Law as well as a Faculty of Medicine have been added. | What institutions have added a Faculty of Medicine? | {'text': 'universities', 'answer_start': 91} |
95,648 | 95,306 | 5729a094af94a219006aa586 | generic | In Pennsylvania, there are over sixty summits that rise over 2,500 ft (800 m); the summits of Mount Davis and Blue Knob rise over 3,000 ft (900 m). In Maryland, Eagle Rock and Dans Mountain are conspicuous points reaching 3,162 ft (964 m) and 2,882 ft (878 m) respectively. On the same side of the Great Valley, south of... | How tall are the summits of Mount Davis and Blue Knob? | {'text': 'over 3,000 ft', 'answer_start': 125} |
90,301 | 89,959 | 5ad2451ed7d075001a428a8a | generic | Popper coined the term "critical rationalism" to describe his philosophy. Concerning the method of science, the term indicates his rejection of classical empiricism, and the classical observationalist-inductivist account of science that had grown out of it. Popper argued strongly against the latter, holding that scient... | What did Popper think was concrete in nature? | {'text': 'scientific theories', 'answer_start': 314} |
91,353 | 91,011 | 5728ad892ca10214002da5a9 | generic | Even though there is a broad scientific agreement that essentialist and typological conceptualizations of race are untenable, scientists around the world continue to conceptualize race in widely differing ways, some of which have essentialist implications. While some researchers sometimes use the concept of race to mak... | What set of traits do some scientists use race to make distinctions among? | {'text': 'fuzzy', 'answer_start': 341} |
85,751 | 85,409 | 5728121c2ca10214002d9d37 | generic | On New Year's Day in 1930, von Neumann married Mariette Kövesi, who had studied economics at the Budapest University. Before his marriage he was baptized a Catholic. Max had died in 1929. None of the family had converted to Christianity while he was alive, but afterwards they all did. They had one child, a daughter, Ma... | What was Von Neumann's child's name? | {'text': 'Marina', 'answer_start': 318} |
120,987 | 120,645 | 5731439c497a881900248d1d | generic | By about 6000 BC, a Neolithic culture rooted in the Nile Valley. During the Neolithic era, several predynastic cultures developed independently in Upper and Lower Egypt. The Badarian culture and the successor Naqada series are generally regarded as precursors to dynastic Egypt. The earliest known Lower Egyptian site, M... | When is the earliest hieroglyghics date back? | {'text': '3200 BC', 'answer_start': 730} |
36,116 | 35,774 | 570ad9e64103511400d59a9d | generic | Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan M... | What was the northern continent split from Pangaea? | {'text': 'Laurasia', 'answer_start': 617} |
69,615 | 69,273 | 5a7e6dce48f7d9001a0636e2 | generic | Law offers more ambiguity. Some writings of Plato and Aristotle, the law tables of Hammurabi of Babylon, or even the early parts of the Bible could be seen as legal literature. Roman civil law as codified in the Corpus Juris Civilis during the reign of Justinian I of the Byzantine Empire has a reputation as significant... | What does Samuel Dean say law offers? | {'text': 'more ambiguity', 'answer_start': 11} |
107,481 | 107,139 | 572f394ba23a5019007fc4f1 | generic | At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which inc... | How did maps show Africa Before 1880? | {'text': 'generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.', 'answer_start': 621} |
59,165 | 58,823 | 5726769ff1498d1400e8e088 | generic | The court ruled in 2014, after lengthy testimony, that at least two districts had to be redrawn because of gerrymandering. After this was appealed, in July 2015 the Florida Supreme Court ruled that lawmakers had followed an illegal and unconstitutional process overly influenced by party operatives, and ruled that at le... | Why did the 2 districts have to be redrawn in 2014 | {'text': 'that at least two districts had to be redrawn because of gerrymandering', 'answer_start': 50} |
129,604 | 129,262 | 5ace4c8632bba1001ae4a215 | generic | Hunting is the practice of killing or trapping any animal, or pursuing or tracking it with the intent of doing so. Hunting wildlife or feral animals is most commonly done by humans for food, recreation, to remove predators which are dangerous to humans or domestic animals, or for trade. In the 2010s, lawful hunting is ... | What does wildlife have to compete with humans to find? | {'text': 'food', 'answer_start': 185} |
587 | 245 | 56bf9f6aa10cfb14005511d3 | generic | Her fourth studio album 4 was released on June 28, 2011 in the US. 4 sold 310,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200 chart, giving Beyoncé her fourth consecutive number-one album in the US. The album was preceded by two of its singles "Run the World (Girls)" and "Best Thing I Never Had", which ... | When did she perform at the Roseland ballroom? | {'text': '2011', 'answer_start': 51} |
9,346 | 9,004 | 56de23fe4396321400ee25e8 | generic | A further example is the goby fish, which sometimes lives together with a shrimp. The shrimp digs and cleans up a burrow in the sand in which both the shrimp and the goby fish live. The shrimp is almost blind, leaving it vulnerable to predators when outside its burrow. In case of danger the goby fish touches the shrimp... | What part of the fish is used to signal danger? | {'text': 'its tail', 'answer_start': 326} |
46,037 | 45,695 | 5710aa05a58dae1900cd6af6 | generic | The predominant educational psychology from the 1750s onward, especially in northern European countries was associationism, the notion that the mind associates or dissociates ideas through repeated routines. In addition to being conducive to Enlightenment ideologies of liberty, self-determination and personal responsib... | How can associationism be defined? | {'text': 'the notion that the mind associates or dissociates ideas through repeated routines', 'answer_start': 124} |
46,305 | 45,963 | 5ad2b236d7d075001a429f7e | generic | Near the end of the NES's lifespan, upon the release of the AV Famicom and the top-loading NES 2, the design of the game controllers was modified slightly. Though the original button layout was retained, the redesigned device abandoned the brick shell in favor of a dog bone shape. In addition, the AV Famicom joined its... | the unoriginal design of the controller was what shape? | {'text': 'brick', 'answer_start': 240} |
81,623 | 81,281 | 5a397e982f14dd001ac723de | generic | In 1795, the Prussian linguist and philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835) called for an anthropology that would synthesize Kant's and Herder's interests. During the Romantic era, scholars in Germany, especially those concerned with nationalist movements—such as the nationalist struggle to create a "Germany" out o... | Which scholars were never concerned with nationalist movements? | {'text': 'Germany', 'answer_start': 197} |
43,732 | 43,390 | 5ad1167a645df0001a2d0d14 | generic | The use of uranium in its natural oxide form dates back to at least the year 79 CE, when it was used to add a yellow color to ceramic glazes. Yellow glass with 1% uranium oxide was found in a Roman villa on Cape Posillipo in the Bay of Naples, Italy, by R. T. Gunther of the University of Oxford in 1912. Starting in the... | What was the latest year in recorded history that uranium oxide was used? | {'text': '79 CE', 'answer_start': 77} |
129,886 | 129,544 | 5ace752d32bba1001ae4a73b | generic | Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century. Some modern hunters see themselves as conservationists and sportsmen in the mode of Theodore Roosevelt and the Boone and Crockett Club. Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the s... | What did Boone participate in at the federal and state level? | {'text': 'lobbying', 'answer_start': 534} |
26,475 | 26,133 | 56f98b729b226e1400dd154e | generic | The province is traditionally known as the "Land of Fish and Rice". True to its name, rice is the main crop, followed by wheat; north Zhejiang is also a center of aquaculture in China, and the Zhoushan fishery is the largest fishery in the country. The main cash crops include jute and cotton, and the province also lead... | What is the largest fishery in the country? | {'text': 'Zhoushan fishery', 'answer_start': 193} |
111,979 | 111,637 | 5733f4e2d058e614000b6675 | generic | The Premier League is broadcast in the United States through NBC Sports. Premier League viewership has increased rapidly, with NBC and NBCSN averaging a record 479,000 viewers in the 2014–15 season, up 118% from 2012–13 when coverage still aired on Fox Soccer and ESPN/ESPN2 (220,000 viewers), and NBC Sports has been wi... | Which American broadcaster shows the Premier League currently? | {'text': 'NBC Sports', 'answer_start': 61} |
52,142 | 51,800 | 5a86115eb4e223001a8e7441 | generic | World production of duck meat was about 4.2 million tonnes in 2011 with China producing two thirds of the total, some 1.7 billion birds. Other notable duck-producing countries in the Far East include Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia and South Korea (12% in total). France (3.5%) is the largest producer in... | How many ducks did China produce for cartoons in 2011? | {'text': 'some 1.7 billion birds', 'answer_start': 113} |
87,489 | 87,147 | 572812a04b864d19001643c0 | generic | LaserDisc was first available on the market, in Atlanta, Georgia, on December 15, 1978, two years after the introduction of the VHS VCR, and four years before the introduction of the CD (which is based on laser disc technology). Initially licensed, sold, and marketed as MCA DiscoVision (also known as simply "DiscoVisio... | Where was LaserDisc first available? | {'text': 'Atlanta, Georgia', 'answer_start': 48} |
30,090 | 29,748 | 57061bc675f01819005e799c | generic | MP3 was designed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) as part of its MPEG-1 standard and later extended in the MPEG-2 standard. The first subgroup for audio was formed by several teams of engineers at Fraunhofer IIS, University of Hannover, AT&T-Bell Labs, Thomson-Brandt, CCETT, and others. MPEG-1 Audio (MPEG-1 P... | When was MPEG-2 Audio finally published? | {'text': '1995', 'answer_start': 613} |
122,232 | 121,890 | 573238630fdd8d15006c685f | generic | The Western emperor Gratian refused the office of pontifex maximus, and against the protests of the senate, removed the altar of Victory from the senate house and began the disestablishment of the Vestals. Theodosius I briefly re-united the Empire: in 391 he officially adopted Nicene Christianity as the Imperial religi... | What office did Western emperor Gratian decline? | {'text': 'pontifex maximus', 'answer_start': 50} |
81,835 | 81,493 | 5a60dc27e9e1cc001a33cdad | generic | The effects of local surface low pressure are extremely limited because upper-level subsidence still continues to block any form of air ascent. Also, to be protected against rain-bearing weather systems by the atmospheric circulation itself, the desert is made even drier by his geographical configuration and location. ... | Where is the Sahara located? | {'text': 'Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia', 'answer_start': 450} |
30,930 | 30,588 | 570714959e06ca38007e93b9 | generic | The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully ... | Until what year did the state remain calm? | {'text': '1841', 'answer_start': 119} |
645 | 303 | 56bea1f53aeaaa14008c918e | generic | At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in February 2015, Beyoncé was nominated for six awards, ultimately winning three: Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song for "Drunk in Love", and Best Surround Sound Album for Beyoncé. She was nominated for Album of the Year but the award was won by Beck for his Morning Phase album. In ... | Beyonce took home how many awards at the 57th Grammy Awards? | {'text': 'three', 'answer_start': 108} |
95,665 | 95,323 | 5ace21e832bba1001ae49b72 | generic | The Blue Ridge Mountains, rising in southern Pennsylvania and there known as South Mountain, attain elevations of about 2,000 ft (600 m) in that state. South Mountain achieves its highest point just below the Mason-Dixon line in Maryland at Quirauk Mountain 2,145 ft (654 m) and then diminishes in height southward to th... | What is the lowest point in the commonwealth? | {'text': 'Whitetop Mountain', 'answer_start': 771} |
110,053 | 109,711 | 572ff6f7a23a5019007fcbc7 | generic | Tucson is located 118 mi (190 km) southeast of Phoenix and 60 mi (97 km) north of the United States - Mexico border. The 2010 United States Census puts the city's population at 520,116 with a metropolitan area population at 980,263. In 2009, Tucson ranked as the 32nd largest city and 52nd largest metropolitan area in t... | What area exceeded 1 million people in 2015? | {'text': 'Greater Tucson Metro', 'answer_start': 556} |
9,587 | 9,245 | 56dde8e466d3e219004dade2 | generic | Battles which are particularly notable to the Canadian military include the Battle of Vimy Ridge, the Dieppe Raid, the Battle of Ortona, the Battle of Passchendaele, the Normandy Landings, the Battle for Caen, the Battle of the Scheldt, the Battle of Britain, the Battle of the Atlantic, the strategic bombing of German ... | What Battle in France was the Canadian Military known for? | {'text': 'the Battle of Vimy Ridge', 'answer_start': 72} |
49,416 | 49,074 | 5ad1696b645df0001a2d1a36 | generic | Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe". After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided... | Who did Victoria divorce? | {'text': 'Prince Albert', 'answer_start': 35} |
97,756 | 97,414 | 5ace393732bba1001ae49f1c | generic | People of all ages attend, and many often move on to becoming imams.[citation needed] The certificate of an ʻālim, for example, requires approximately twelve years of study.[citation needed] A good number of the ḥuffāẓ (plural of ḥāfiẓ) are the product of the madaris. The madaris also resemble colleges, where people ta... | How long does someone have to be enrolled in alim courses before they can drop out? | {'text': 'approximately twelve years', 'answer_start': 137} |
77,275 | 76,933 | 57277777f1498d1400e8f8e6 | generic | The phonograph disc record was the primary medium used for music reproduction until late in the 20th century, replacing the phonograph cylinder record–with which it had co-existed from the late 1880s through to the 1920s–by the late 1920s. Records retained the largest market share even when new formats such as compact ... | What was the primary use of a phonographic disc record? | {'text': 'music reproduction', 'answer_start': 59} |
15,036 | 14,694 | 56dfc0ae231d4119001abd96 | generic | Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to. | Why does an ISP need to pay an upstream ISP? | {'text': 'An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP', 'answer_start': 109} |
32,994 | 32,652 | 5709a391200fba140036820b | generic | Public Safety Canada’s Canadian Cyber Incident Response Centre (CCIRC) is responsible for mitigating and responding to threats to Canada’s critical infrastructure and cyber systems. The CCIRC provides support to mitigate cyber threats, technical support to respond and recover from targeted cyber attacks, and provides o... | Where does the CCIRC post regular cyber security bulletins? | {'text': 'on the Public Safety Canada website', 'answer_start': 438} |
88,708 | 88,366 | 5a3c86ebcc5d22001a521df6 | generic | Likewise, Émile Durkheim was one of the earliest to suggest that gods represent an extension of human social life to include supernatural beings. In line with this reasoning, psychologist Matt Rossano contends that when humans began living in larger groups, they may have created gods as a means of enforcing morality. I... | What concept did Matt Rossano suggest earlier than others? | {'text': 'gods represent an extension of human social life to include supernatural beings', 'answer_start': 65} |
125,949 | 125,607 | 573357944776f4190066085c | generic | As the King's confidence in de Melo increased, the King entrusted him with more control of the state. By 1755, Sebastião de Melo was made Prime Minister. Impressed by British economic success that he had witnessed from the Ambassador, he successfully implemented similar economic policies in Portugal. He abolished slave... | With whose economic success was de Melo impressed with? | {'text': 'British', 'answer_start': 167} |
24,217 | 23,875 | 56f976e69e9bad19000a095e | generic | Most of the residents are Marshallese, who are of Micronesian origin and migrated from Asia several thousand years ago. A minority of Marshallese have some recent Asian ancestry, mainly Japanese. About one-half of the nation's population lives on Majuro, the capital, and Ebeye, a densely populated island. The outer isl... | What recent Asian ancestry do some Marshall Island residents have? | {'text': 'Japanese', 'answer_start': 186} |
92,051 | 91,709 | 572907f7af94a219006a9fa1 | generic | After a tentative creation of several smaller suburban cemeteries, the Prefect Nicholas Frochot under Napoleon Bonaparte provided a more definitive solution in the creation of three massive Parisian cemeteries outside the city limits. Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse,... | What is the largest of the cemeteries created in the 20th centuries? | {'text': 'Cimetière parisien de Saint-Ouen', 'answer_start': 596} |
102,168 | 101,826 | 572ec2cedfa6aa1500f8d358 | generic | In May 1970, the Revolutionary Intellectuals Seminar was held to bring intellectuals in line with the revolution, while that year's Legislative Review and Amendment united secular and religious law codes, introducing sharia into the legal system. Ruling by decree, the RCC maintained the monarchy's ban on political part... | What was the impact of incorporating the sharia into the legal system? | {'text': 'united secular and religious law codes', 'answer_start': 165} |
26,819 | 26,477 | 5a56dc506349e2001acdcfac | generic | The MoD has been criticised for an ongoing fiasco, having spent £240m on eight Chinook HC3 helicopters which only started to enter service in 2010, years after they were ordered in 1995 and delivered in 2001. A National Audit Office report reveals that the helicopters have been stored in air conditioned hangars in Brit... | In 1995 what did the National Audit Office order? | {'text': 'eight Chinook HC3 helicopters', 'answer_start': 73} |
108,896 | 108,554 | 5a2d5be4f28ef0001a5264d2 | generic | An urban runoff facility (SMURFF), the first of its kind in the US, catches and treats 3.5 million US gallons (13,000 m3) of water each week that would otherwise flow into the bay via storm-drains and sells it back to end-users within the city for reuse as gray-water, while bio-swales throughout the city allow rainwate... | How much rainwater falls in Santa Monica each week? | {'text': '3.5 million US gallons', 'answer_start': 87} |
55,426 | 55,084 | 5a39f00e2f14dd001ac72661 | generic | The first amniotes apparently arose in the Late Carboniferous. They descended from earlier reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods, which lived on land that was already inhabited by insects and other invertebrates as well as by ferns, mosses and other plants. Within a few million years, two important amniote lineages became... | From what period did the first insects come from? | {'text': 'Late Carboniferous', 'answer_start': 43} |
9,752 | 9,410 | 5ad3eba0604f3c001a3ff72f | generic | Major air bases are located in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador, while administrative and command and control facilities are located in Winnipeg and North Bay. A Canadian component of the NATO Airborne Early Warning Force is also based at NAT... | What are some locations of the navy bases? | {'text': 'Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba', 'answer_start': 49} |
8,004 | 7,662 | 5ad5f7a45b96ef001a10af48 | generic | In these schools children could be selected on the basis of curriculum aptitude related to the school's specialism even though the schools do take quotas from each quartile of the attainment range to ensure they were not selective by attainment. A problem with this is whether the quotas should be taken from a normal di... | How many selective grammar schools are no longer functioning in England and Wales? | {'text': '164', 'answer_start': 673} |
16,154 | 15,812 | 56e1a588cd28a01900c67a53 | generic | The energy density per unit volume of both liquid hydrogen and compressed hydrogen gas at any practicable pressure is significantly less than that of traditional fuel sources, although the energy density per unit fuel mass is higher. Nevertheless, elemental hydrogen has been widely discussed in the context of energy, a... | What form of hydrogen has been discussed as a ussage for fuel? | {'text': 'elemental', 'answer_start': 248} |
20,095 | 19,753 | 5ad3d9b3604f3c001a3ff3a9 | generic | There is an annual break from government and factory work which begins before Christmas and lasts for 3 weeks. Break-Up Day is usually marked with parties at various work "departments". Break-Up includes the Island Store, which means that families must be organised to have a full larder of provisions during the period.... | For how long does the biannual break from government last? | {'text': '3 weeks', 'answer_start': 102} |
8,438 | 8,096 | 5ad0255e77cf76001a686b99 | generic | The current administration presides over an uneasy internal peace and faces difficult economic problems of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty, despite record-high oil prices since 2003. Natural gas and diamonds are also recent major Congolese exports, although Congo was excluded from the Kimberley Process in 200... | When were oil prices at a record low? | {'text': '2003', 'answer_start': 187} |
26,170 | 25,828 | 56f8f9f49e9bad19000a079b | generic | The basis of Simpson's unity is color and colonial subjection. His color chart recognizes a spectrum of black, brown and yellow, which at the time had been traditional since the late 19th century. Apart from these was "the great white race", which the moderate Simpson tones down to simply the white race. The great whit... | What is the basis of Simpson's unity? | {'text': 'color and colonial subjection', 'answer_start': 32} |
67,065 | 66,723 | 5726c3b1f1498d1400e8ea98 | generic | In 1964, Paul VI created a Secretariat for non-Christians, later renamed the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue and a year later a new Secretariat (later Pontifical Council) for Dialogue with Non-Believers. This latter was in 1993 incorporated by Pope John Paul II in the Pontifical Council for Culture, whic... | What was the Secretariat for non-believers eventually renamed? | {'text': 'Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue', 'answer_start': 77} |
1,125 | 783 | 56cf5734aab44d1400b8907a | generic | At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Fr... | During the last 18 years he lived about how many times did Chopin perform in public? | {'text': '30', 'answer_start': 106} |
33,691 | 33,349 | 5acd147407355d001abf33b0 | generic | Beer is the world's most widely consumed and likely the oldest alcoholic beverage; it is the third most popular drink overall, after water and tea. The production of beer is called brewing, which involves the fermentation of starches, mainly derived from cereal grains—most commonly malted barley, although wheat, maize ... | What starch is always used in the fermentation process? | {'text': 'malted barley', 'answer_start': 283} |
1,283 | 941 | 56cf69144df3c31400b0d747 | generic | In September 1828 Chopin, while still a student, visited Berlin with a family friend, zoologist Feliks Jarocki, enjoying operas directed by Gaspare Spontini and attending concerts by Carl Friedrich Zelter, Felix Mendelssohn and other celebrities. On an 1829 return trip to Berlin, he was a guest of Prince Antoni Radziwi... | While in Berlin he saw the operatic work of who? | {'text': 'Gaspare Spontini', 'answer_start': 140} |
56,481 | 56,139 | 5a67aceaf038b7001ab0c414 | generic | Film speed is used in the exposure equations to find the appropriate exposure parameters. Four variables are available to the photographer to obtain the desired effect: lighting, film speed, f-number (aperture size), and shutter speed (exposure time). The equation may be expressed as ratios, or, by taking the logarithm... | What system uses ratios? | {'text': 'APEX', 'answer_start': 368} |
119,052 | 118,710 | 57310c63497a881900248b36 | generic | Enlisted members of the USAF have pay grades from E-1 (entry level) to E-9 (senior enlisted). While all USAF military personnel are referred to as Airmen, the term also refers to the pay grades of E-1 through E-4, which are below the level of non-commissioned officers (NCOs). Above the pay grade of E-4 (i.e., pay grade... | What is the highest pay grade in the USAF? | {'text': 'E-9 (senior enlisted)', 'answer_start': 71} |
115,357 | 115,015 | 5733766ed058e614000b5b60 | generic | But while Claremont remains the most concentrated hub of Whiteheadian activity, the place where Whitehead's thought currently seems to be growing the most quickly is in China. In order to address the challenges of modernization and industrialization, China has begun to blend traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucia... | Where is interest in Whitehead's work growing the fastest today? | {'text': 'China', 'answer_start': 169} |
52,756 | 52,414 | 57261ed8ec44d21400f3d922 | generic | Adjacent to the palace is the Royal Mews, also designed by Nash, where the royal carriages, including the Gold State Coach, are housed. This rococo gilt coach, designed by Sir William Chambers in 1760, has painted panels by G. B. Cipriani. It was first used for the State Opening of Parliament by George III in 1762 and ... | Where is the Gold State Coach kept? | {'text': 'the Royal Mews', 'answer_start': 26} |
119,796 | 119,454 | 573124bb497a881900248bb8 | generic | The nervous system is large relative to the bird's size. The most developed part of the brain is the one that controls the flight-related functions, while the cerebellum coordinates movement and the cerebrum controls behaviour patterns, navigation, mating and nest building. Most birds have a poor sense of smell with no... | What regulates breeding activities? | {'text': 'photo-receptive cells in', 'answer_start': 915} |
42,870 | 42,528 | 5ad20d99d7d075001a42828a | generic | Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Sou... | How thick is the ice at the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula? | {'text': '1.9 km (1.2 mi; 6,200 ft)', 'answer_start': 609} |
31,852 | 31,510 | 5ad4230e604f3c001a400809 | generic | Four separate and distinct state universities are located in Houston. The University of Houston is a nationally recognized Tier One research university, and is the flagship institution of the University of Houston System. The third-largest university in Texas, the University of Houston has nearly 40,000 students on its... | What kind of college is Texas Northern University? | {'text': 'black', 'answer_start': 634} |
129,025 | 128,683 | 573425a6d058e614000b69fe | generic | Richmond recovered quickly from the war, and by 1782 was once again a thriving city. In 1786, the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (drafted by Thomas Jefferson) was passed at the temporary capitol in Richmond, providing the basis for the separation of church and state, a key element in the development of the free... | Who aided Jefferson in designing the Virginia State Capitol? | {'text': 'Charles-Louis Clérisseau', 'answer_start': 492} |
54,400 | 54,058 | 5acfce2f77cf76001a6860df | generic | In response to Cusumano's perspective, Screen Producers Australia executive director Matt Deaner clarified the motivation of the film industry: "Distributors are usually wanting to encourage cinema-going as part of this process [monetizing through returns] and restrict the immediate access to online so as to encourage ... | What is restricted to ensure the largest number of people see a movie at home? | {'text': 'the immediate access to online', 'answer_start': 270} |
105,487 | 105,145 | 5a8489e57cf838001a46a8e0 | generic | Long before the exemption is considered by the Endangered Species Committee, the Forest Service, and either the FWS or the NMFS will have consulted on the biological implications of the timber harvest. The consultation can be informal, to determine if harm may occur; and then formal if the harm is believed to be likely... | Who is consulted after the Endangered Species Committee? | {'text': 'the Forest Service, and either the FWS or the NMFS', 'answer_start': 77} |
110,454 | 110,112 | 572fb50004bcaa1900d76c1f | generic | Gorbachev's inability to alleviate any of Armenia's problems created disillusionment among the Armenians and fed a growing hunger for independence. In May 1990, the New Armenian Army (NAA) was established, serving as a defence force separate from the Soviet Red Army. Clashes soon broke out between the NAA and Soviet In... | What does NAA stand for? | {'text': 'New Armenian Army', 'answer_start': 165} |
80,685 | 80,343 | 5acd1d2407355d001abf358a | generic | The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurche... | What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed? | {'text': 'character repertoire', 'answer_start': 547} |
63,370 | 63,028 | 5726a8e6708984140094cd26 | generic | Some evidence shows that alternatives to pesticides can be equally effective as the use of chemicals. For example, Sweden has halved its use of pesticides with hardly any reduction in crops.[unreliable source?] In Indonesia, farmers have reduced pesticide use on rice fields by 65% and experienced a 15% crop increase.[u... | What other country has reduced its pesticide usage? | {'text': 'Indonesia', 'answer_start': 214} |
62,987 | 62,645 | 57267bc45951b619008f743f | generic | Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launch... | What type of people was the new paper supposed to attract? | {'text': "'social radicals'", 'answer_start': 258} |
125,576 | 125,234 | 573332054776f41900660774 | generic | Lower interest rates encouraged borrowing. From 2000 to 2003, the Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate target from 6.5% to 1.0%. This was done to soften the effects of the collapse of the dot-com bubble and the September 2001 terrorist attacks, as well as to combat a perceived risk of deflation. As early as 2... | Was was the federal funds rate target lowered to by the Federal Reserve in 2003? | {'text': '1.0%', 'answer_start': 133} |
2,591 | 2,249 | 5a8da6c7df8bba001a0f9b3e | generic | In 2003, Nintendo announced that a new The Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube by the same team that had created the cel-shaded The Wind Waker. At the following year's Game Developers Conference, director Eiji Aonuma unintentionally revealed that the game's sequel was in development under the working... | At what event was a potential follow-up to Shigeru Miyamoto mentioned? | {'text': 'Game Developers Conference', 'answer_start': 187} |
5,906 | 5,564 | 56d24773b329da140004ecd5 | generic | Zen Buddhism (禅), pronounced Chán in Chinese, seon in Korean or zen in Japanese (derived from the Sanskrit term dhyāna, meaning "meditation") is a form of Buddhism that became popular in China, Korea and Japan and that lays special emphasis on meditation.[note 12] Zen places less emphasis on scriptures than some other ... | What form of buddhism lays special emphasis on meditation? | {'text': 'Zen', 'answer_start': 0} |
124,661 | 124,319 | 5ad3e255604f3c001a3ff52f | generic | Sociologist James A. Beckford, in his 1975 study of Jehovah's Witnesses, classified the religion's organizational structure as Totalizing, characterized by an assertive leadership, specific and narrow objectives, control over competing demands on members' time and energy, and control over the quality of new members. Ot... | Who claimed there was a low rate of turnover among Jehovah's Witnesses? | {'text': 'Sociologist James A. Beckford', 'answer_start': 0} |
55,661 | 55,319 | 5726635ddd62a815002e8362 | generic | In the following decades there was a constant battle between the company lobby and the Parliament. The company sought a permanent establishment, while the Parliament would not willingly allow it greater autonomy and so relinquish the opportunity to exploit the company's profits. In 1712, another act renewed the status ... | in 1720 what % of import goods were from India? | {'text': '15%', 'answer_start': 375} |
11,205 | 10,863 | 5a6318cd68151a001a9221d0 | generic | Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features — its geography, climate, and flora. | What can be defined by its industries? | {'text': 'Southern Europe', 'answer_start': 117} |
39,901 | 39,559 | 570e73f00b85d914000d7f1a | generic | Australian rules football and cricket are the most popular sports in Melbourne. It is considered the spiritual home of the two sports in Australia. The first official Test cricket match was played at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in March 1877. The origins of Australian rules football can be traced to matches played nex... | How many of the Australian Football League's teams are based in the Melbourne metropolitan area? | {'text': 'Nine', 'answer_start': 412} |
67,843 | 67,501 | 5727b2b2ff5b5019007d92d3 | generic | Switzerland has four official languages: principally German (63.5% total population share, with foreign residents, in 2013); French (22.5%) in the west; and Italian (8.1%) in the south. The fourth official language, Romansh (0.5%), is a Romance language spoken locally in the southeastern trilingual canton of Graubünden... | What is the principal official language in Switzerland? | {'text': 'German', 'answer_start': 53} |
90,724 | 90,382 | 5ad211e7d7d075001a4282e0 | generic | In his 1805 mandolin method, Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi, Bartolomeo Bortolazzi popularised the Cremonese mandolin, which had four single-strings and a fixed bridge, to which the strings were attached. Bortolazzi said in this book that the new wire strung m... | How many double strings did the Cremonese Mandolin have? | {'text': 'four', 'answer_start': 189} |
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