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130,356 | 130,014 | 5735c9dd6c16ec1900b927d7 | generic | Legendary Princess Bhrikuti (7th-century) and artist Araniko (1245 - 1306 AD) from that tradition of Kathmandu valley played a significant role in spreading Buddhism in Tibet and China. There are over 108 traditional monasteries (Bahals and Bahis) in Kathmandu based on Newar Buddhism. Since the 1960s, the permanent Tib... | What religion did Araniko help to evangelize? | {'text': 'Buddhism', 'answer_start': 157} |
10,289 | 9,947 | 5a18e9499aa02b0018605f28 | generic | Following the Islamic Conquest of Persia (Iran), there were important changes in the role of the different dialects within the Persian Empire. The old prestige form of Middle Iranian, also known as Pahlavi, was replaced by a new standard dialect called Dari as the official language of the court. The name Dari comes fro... | What was the last Dynasty to use Dari | {'text': 'The Saffarid', 'answer_start': 461} |
95,587 | 95,245 | 5ace11e632bba1001ae49a32 | generic | The Appalachian Mountains (i/ˌæpəˈleɪʃᵻn/ or /ˌæpəˈlætʃᵻn/,[note 1] French: les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period and once reached elevations similar to those of the Alp... | What do the Alps form a barrier between? | {'text': 'east-west travel', 'answer_start': 409} |
29,561 | 29,219 | 5705f85275f01819005e77e8 | generic | The primary motivation for migration appears to be food; for example, some hummingbirds choose not to migrate if fed through the winter. Also, the longer days of the northern summer provide extended time for breeding birds to feed their young. This helps diurnal birds to produce larger clutches than related non-migrato... | When do the birds return to warmer regions? | {'text': 'autumn', 'answer_start': 382} |
121,785 | 121,443 | 5a77b3a4b73996001af5a51b | generic | Until the 19th century, religion played a significant role in university curriculum; however, the role of religion in research universities decreased in the 19th century, and by the end of the 19th century, the German university model had spread around the world. Universities concentrated on science in the 19th and 20t... | What became less accessible to the masses? | {'text': 'Universities', 'answer_start': 264} |
55,917 | 55,575 | 5a1dd7ee4ea40d0018b06fc7 | generic | During the Three Kingdoms period of ancient China, there was constant warfare occurring in the Central Plain of China. Northerners began to enter into Fujian region, causing the region to incorporate parts of northern Chinese dialects. However, the massive migration of northern Han Chinese into Fujian region mainly occ... | Where were Yongjia dialects brought by the Han Chinese, spoken? | {'text': 'spoken in Central Plain of China from prehistoric era to 3rd century', 'answer_start': 510} |
28,613 | 28,271 | 56fde15e761e401900d28c27 | generic | In 1941, Zuse followed his earlier machine up with the Z3, the world's first working electromechanical programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The Z3 was built with 2000 relays, implementing a 22 bit word length that operated at a clock frequency of about 5–10 Hz. Program code was supplied on punched film while... | How many relays did the Z3 contain? | {'text': '2000', 'answer_start': 173} |
37,665 | 37,323 | 5a07dcd73fc8740018207027 | generic | In infrared photography, infrared filters are used to capture the near-infrared spectrum. Digital cameras often use infrared blockers. Cheaper digital cameras and camera phones have less effective filters and can "see" intense near-infrared, appearing as a bright purple-white color. This is especially pronounced when t... | How do infrared blockers wash out an image? | {'text': 'when taking pictures of subjects near IR-bright areas (such as near a lamp)', 'answer_start': 314} |
90,643 | 90,301 | 5ad20d35d7d075001a428273 | generic | The transition from the mandolino to the mandolin began around 1744 with the designing of the metal-string mandolin by the Vinaccia family, 3 brass strings and one of gut, using friction tuning pegs on a fingerboard that sat "flush" with the sound table. The mandolin grew in popularity over the next 60 years, in the st... | Where did the mandolin shrink in popularity? | {'text': 'in the streets where it was used by young men courting and by street musicians, and in the concert hall', 'answer_start': 311} |
45,925 | 45,583 | 57108f32a58dae1900cd6a24 | generic | In France, the established men of letters (gens de lettres) had fused with the elites (les grands) of French society by the mid-18th century. This led to the creation of an oppositional literary sphere, Grub Street, the domain of a "multitude of versifiers and would-be authors". These men came to London to become autho... | By what century in France had the men of letters fused with the elites? | {'text': 'mid-18th century', 'answer_start': 124} |
77,344 | 77,002 | 57279b65ff5b5019007d90da | generic | In January 1938, Milt Gabler started recording for his new label, Commodore Records, and to allow for longer continuous performances, he recorded some 12-inch records. Eddie Condon explained: "Gabler realized that a jam session needs room for development." The first two 12-inch recordings did not take advantage of the ... | On which label did Frank Sinatra release his recording of Soliloquy? | {'text': "Columbia's Masterwork label", 'answer_start': 1645} |
125,414 | 125,072 | 573269d2b9d445190005eb04 | generic | The Bronx Museum of the Arts, founded in 1971, exhibits 20th century and contemporary art through its central museum space and 11,000 square feet (1,000 m2) of galleries. Many of its exhibitions are on themes of special interest to the Bronx. Its permanent collection features more than 800 works of art, primarily by ar... | What types of art does the Bronx Museum of the Arts focus on? | {'text': '20th century and contemporary art', 'answer_start': 56} |
54,819 | 54,477 | 572644675951261400b5196d | generic | In the aftermath of the First World War, Greece attempted further expansion into Asia Minor, a region with a large native Greek population at the time, but was defeated in the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, contributing to a massive flight of Asia Minor Greeks. These events overlapped, with both happening during the G... | In what time period did the genocide of Greeks take place? | {'text': '1914-1922', 'answer_start': 335} |
16,160 | 15,818 | 56e1a6d1cd28a01900c67a63 | generic | H2 is a product of some types of anaerobic metabolism and is produced by several microorganisms, usually via reactions catalyzed by iron- or nickel-containing enzymes called hydrogenases. These enzymes catalyze the reversible redox reaction between H2 and its component two protons and two electrons. Creation of hydroge... | What is the natural cycle of hydrogen production and consumption by organisms called? | {'text': 'hydrogen cycle', 'answer_start': 505} |
41,331 | 40,989 | 5a2abad95b078a001a2f06d7 | generic | Many Sanskrit dramas also indicate that the language coexisted with Prakrits, spoken by multilingual speakers with a more extensive education. Sanskrit speakers were almost always multilingual. In the medieval era, Sanskrit continued to be spoken and written, particularly by learned Brahmins for scholarly communication... | What trait in the enlightened era did most Sanskrit speakers pocess? | {'text': 'multilingual', 'answer_start': 180} |
47,398 | 47,056 | 5a8ced20fd22b3001a8d9034 | generic | Sleep does not affect acquisition or recall while one is awake. Therefore, sleep has the greatest effect on memory consolidation. During sleep, the neural connections in the brain are strengthened. This enhances the brain’s abilities to stabilize and retain memories. There have been several studies which show that slee... | What is the role of the neocortex whe it relates to muscles? | {'text': 'reviews and processes memories, which moves them into long-term memory', 'answer_start': 828} |
78,861 | 78,519 | 5ad25659d7d075001a428d63 | generic | Dominic's search for a close relationship with God was determined and unceasing. He rarely spoke, so little of his interior life is known. What is known about it comes from accounts written by people near to him. St. Cecilia remembered him as cheerful, charitable and full of unceasing vigor. From a number of accounts, ... | Who remembered Dominic as a sour fellow? | {'text': 'St. Cecilia', 'answer_start': 213} |
21,855 | 21,513 | 56e8f4ab0b45c0140094cd93 | generic | Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School are also in the precincts of the abbey. It was natural for the learned and literate monks to be entrusted with education, and Benedictine monks were required by the Pope to maintain a charity school in 1179. The Choir School educates and trains the choirboys who sin... | What are also in the precincts of Westminster Abbey? | {'text': 'Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School', 'answer_start': 0} |
73,521 | 73,179 | 5ad41a2c604f3c001a4004b1 | generic | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | Other than the reasons for the under representation of Asian Americans, what else is still up for debate? | {'text': 'possible remedies', 'answer_start': 1004} |
41,261 | 40,919 | 5a2aeb5c5b078a001a2f074e | generic | Sanskrit has also influenced Sino-Tibetan languages through the spread of Buddhist texts in translation. Buddhism was spread to China by Mahayana missionaries sent by Ashoka, mostly through translations of Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit. Many terms were transliterated directly and added to the Chinese vocabulary. Chinese wor... | What languages have been influenced through the spread of Hindi texts? | {'text': 'Sino-Tibetan languages', 'answer_start': 29} |
80,507 | 80,165 | 5a6908a28476ee001a58a9f2 | generic | Chengdu Hi-tech Development Zone covers an area of 82.5 km2 (31.9 sq mi), consisting of the South Park and the West Park. By relying on the city sub-center, which is under construction, the South Park is focusing on creating a modernized industrial park of science and technology with scientific and technological innova... | Which industries do both sides give priority to? | {'text': 'three major industries i.e. electronic information, biomedicine and precision machinery', 'answer_start': 730} |
23,919 | 23,577 | 56f839d9a6d7ea1400e174cf | generic | In the years after Tito's death up to nowadays, some people have disputed his identity. Tito's personal doctor, Aleksandar Matunović, wrote a book about Tito in which he also questioned his true origin, noting that Tito's habits and lifestyle could only mean that he was from an aristocratic family. Serbian journalist V... | What was the name of Tito's personal doctor? | {'text': 'Aleksandar Matunović', 'answer_start': 112} |
129,890 | 129,548 | 573452bb879d6814001ca51c | generic | Each year, nearly $200 million in hunters' federal excise taxes are distributed to state agencies to support wildlife management programs, the purchase of lands open to hunters, and hunter education and safety classes. Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps, a required purchase for migratory waterfowl hunters over... | How much money has the sale of Federal Duck Stamps raised since 1934? | {'text': 'over $700 million', 'answer_start': 351} |
47,810 | 47,468 | 5ad2c590d7d075001a42a194 | generic | Reacting to media criticism of Michelle Obama during the 2008 presidential election, Charles Kenzie Steele, Jr., CEO of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference said, "Why are they attacking Michelle Obama, and not really attacking, to that degree, her husband? Because he has no slave blood in him." He later claime... | Who accused people of attacking Barack Obama more than Michelle Obama? | {'text': 'Charles Kenzie Steele, Jr.', 'answer_start': 85} |
13,839 | 13,497 | 5a29992203c0e7001a3e181b | generic | From 2002 through 2008, the Bush Administration denied funding to UNFPA that had already been allocated by the US Congress, partly on the refuted claims that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations. In a letter from the Undersecretary of State for Polit... | What amendment did the administration believe the UNFPA funding supported? | {'text': 'the Kemp-Kasten Amendment', 'answer_start': 530} |
31,271 | 30,929 | 57098452ed30961900e84268 | generic | Their first ever defeat on home soil to a foreign team was an 0–2 loss to the Republic of Ireland, on 21 September 1949 at Goodison Park. A 6–3 loss in 1953 to Hungary, was their second defeat by a foreign team at Wembley. In the return match in Budapest, Hungary won 7–1. This still stands as England's worst ever defea... | In what year did England suffer their first defeat at home to a foreign team? | {'text': '1949', 'answer_start': 115} |
68,690 | 68,348 | 572714d2708984140094d977 | generic | Cancer is now common in developing countries. According to a study by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, "In the developing world, cancers of the liver, stomach and esophagus were more common, often linked to consumption of carcinogenic preserved foods, such as smoked or salted food, and parasitic infecti... | What were cancers such as liver cancer or stomach cancer found to have a link to? | {'text': 'consumption of carcinogenic preserved foods', 'answer_start': 223} |
40,247 | 39,905 | 570c695efed7b91900d459c0 | generic | Tensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and historians as "the Northerners". The northern barons rarely had any personal st... | Who was appointed justiciar? | {'text': 'Peter des Roches', 'answer_start': 855} |
48,144 | 47,802 | 571ced8fdd7acb1400e4c1ab | generic | By the 1890s the profound effect of adrenal extracts on many different tissue types had been discovered, setting off a search both for the mechanism of chemical signalling and efforts to exploit these observations for the development of new drugs. The blood pressure raising and vasoconstrictive effects of adrenal extra... | What was the trade name of epinephrine? | {'text': 'Adrenalin', 'answer_start': 891} |
40,231 | 39,889 | 570c6790fed7b91900d459ad | generic | John inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respectively; and various judges were deployed to deliver justice arou... | What did John inherit in England? | {'text': 'sophisticated system of administration', 'answer_start': 17} |
109,077 | 108,735 | 5ace165632bba1001ae49a80 | generic | In 1899, the university opened a national design contest for the new campus. The renowned Philadelphia firm Cope & Stewardson won unanimously with its plan for a row of Collegiate Gothic quadrangles inspired by Oxford and Cambridge Universities. The cornerstone of the first building, Busch Hall, was laid on October 20,... | On what date was construction completed on Ridgley? | {'text': 'October 20, 1900', 'answer_start': 309} |
111,047 | 110,705 | 5ace953032bba1001ae4aaf2 | generic | The reinforcement type defines two major classes of materials - woven and non-woven. Woven reinforcements are cheaper, but the high dielectric constant of glass may not be favorable for many higher-frequency applications. The spatially nonhomogeneous structure also introduces local variations in electrical parameters, ... | The high diode constant of glass may not be favorable for what? | {'text': 'many higher-frequency applications', 'answer_start': 186} |
57,318 | 56,976 | 5726db0d5951b619008f8011 | generic | Seeking national reconciliation between revolutionaries and Catholics, the Concordat of 1801 was signed on 15 July 1801 between Napoleon and Pope Pius VII. It solidified the Roman Catholic Church as the majority church of France and brought back most of its civil status. The hostility of devout Catholics against the st... | What is the name of the 1801 document that aimed for reconcilliation between revolutionaries and Catholics? | {'text': 'the Concordat of 1801', 'answer_start': 71} |
17,092 | 16,750 | 5a54fc09134fea001a0e17a4 | generic | On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communicatio... | How many people approved the National Communications Act? | {'text': 'unanimously', 'answer_start': 38} |
102,436 | 102,094 | 5731914c497a881900249049 | generic | Gaddafi was notably confrontational in his approach to foreign powers, and generally shunned western ambassadors and diplomats, believing them to be spies. He once said that HIV was "a peaceful virus, not an aggressive virus" and assured attendees at the African Union that "if you are straight you have nothing to fear ... | What sort of virus did Gaddafi describe HIV as? | {'text': 'peaceful', 'answer_start': 185} |
77,426 | 77,084 | 5727bc0b3acd2414000deaef | generic | The commercial rivalry between RCA Victor and Columbia Records led to RCA Victor's introduction of what it had intended to be a competing vinyl format, the 7-inch (175 mm) 45 rpm disc. For a two-year period from 1948 to 1950, record companies and consumers faced uncertainty over which of these formats would ultimately ... | Which company lost the "War of the Speeds"? | {'text': 'RCA', 'answer_start': 453} |
121,366 | 121,024 | 5731703a05b4da19006bd179 | generic | In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century bu... | The majority of the mosaics in Venice were created by who? | {'text': 'local artists', 'answer_start': 363} |
106,069 | 105,727 | 572f6f7004bcaa1900d76955 | generic | Some important texts were created and studied by scholars. Philosophical works written by Yang Xiong (53 BC – 18 AD), Huan Tan (43 BC – 28 AD), Wang Chong (27–100 AD), and Wang Fu (78–163 AD) questioned whether human nature was innately good or evil and posed challenges to Dong's universal order. The Records of the Gra... | What was the name of Ban Biao's female offspring? | {'text': 'Ban Zhao', 'answer_start': 569} |
66,849 | 66,507 | 5726d4285951b619008f7f45 | generic | Samoans' religious adherence includes the following: Christian Congregational Church of Samoa 31.8%, Roman Catholic 19.4%, Methodist 15.2%, Assembly of God 13.7%, Mormon 7.6%, Seventh-day Adventist 3.9%, Worship Centre 1.7%, other Christian 5.5%, other 0.7%, none 0.1%, unspecified 0.1% (2011 estimate). The Head of Stat... | What church's religion does 19.4% of the Samoan population practice? | {'text': 'Roman Catholic', 'answer_start': 101} |
27,264 | 26,922 | 56f9e9738f12f3190062ffe9 | generic | People have used wood for millennia for many purposes, primarily as a fuel or as a construction material for making houses, tools, weapons, furniture, packaging, artworks, and paper. The year-to-year variation in tree-ring widths and isotopic abundances gives clues to the prevailing climate at that time. | For clues about the climate of a place, we can look at variation in isotopic abundances or what other thing? | {'text': 'tree-ring widths', 'answer_start': 213} |
63,858 | 63,516 | 57269a03708984140094cb5a | generic | The Revolutionary War soldier Nathan Hale (Yale 1773) was the prototype of the Yale ideal in the early 19th century: a manly yet aristocratic scholar, equally well-versed in knowledge and sports, and a patriot who "regretted" that he "had but one life to lose" for his country. Western painter Frederic Remington (Yale 1... | What turned into the goal of the student body? | {'text': 'winning the big game', 'answer_start': 763} |
7,152 | 6,810 | 56d62e521c85041400946f9e | generic | The latest study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to humans and dogs together proved that dogs have same response to voices and use the same parts of the brain as humans to do so. This gives dogs the ability to recognize emotional human sounds, making them friendly social pets to humans. | An MRI study on dogs proved that dogs use the same parts of what as humans? | {'text': 'the brain', 'answer_start': 156} |
115,358 | 115,016 | 5733766ed058e614000b5b61 | generic | But while Claremont remains the most concentrated hub of Whiteheadian activity, the place where Whitehead's thought currently seems to be growing the most quickly is in China. In order to address the challenges of modernization and industrialization, China has begun to blend traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucia... | What challenges are China using Whitehead's ideas to help manage? | {'text': 'modernization and industrialization', 'answer_start': 214} |
94,886 | 94,544 | 572b7df5f75d5e190021fe0d | generic | Zinc chloride is often added to lumber as a fire retardant and can be used as a wood preservative. It is also used to make other chemicals. Zinc methyl (Zn(CH3)
2) is used in a number of organic syntheses. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is used in luminescent pigments such as on the hands of clocks, X-ray and television screens, a... | Where is zinc pyrithion used? | {'text': 'antifouling paints.', 'answer_start': 506} |
33,802 | 33,460 | 5709a8ad200fba1400368225 | generic | The 1850 census saw a dramatic shift in the way information about residents was collected. For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by head of household. There were two questionnaires: one for free inhabitants and one for slaves. The question on the free inhabitants schedule about color was ... | How were slaves listed in the 1850 US census? | {'text': 'by owner', 'answer_start': 471} |
40,153 | 39,811 | 570c5dbbfed7b91900d45940 | generic | In September 1216 John began a fresh, vigorous attack. He marched from the Cotswolds, feigned an offensive to relieve the besieged Windsor Castle, and attacked eastwards around London to Cambridge to separate the rebel-held areas of Lincolnshire and East Anglia. From there he travelled north to relieve the rebel siege ... | Where did John march from? | {'text': 'Cotswolds', 'answer_start': 75} |
130,047 | 129,705 | 5736328f6c16ec1900b929a1 | generic | On 16 March 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act, which requires an annual stamp purchase by all hunters over the age of sixteen. The stamps are created on behalf of the program by the US Postal Service and depict wildlife artwork chosen through an annual contest. They play ... | What act was signed in 1934? | {'text': 'Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act', 'answer_start': 61} |
88,076 | 87,734 | 5acfbb8277cf76001a685b0e | generic | On one hand, this means that the Belgian political landscape, generally speaking, consists of only two components: the Dutch-speaking population represented by Dutch-language political parties, and the majority populations of Wallonia and Brussels, represented by their French-speaking parties. The Brussels region emerg... | What happens without the Brussels special position? | {'text': 'has a number of political issues', 'answer_start': 436} |
115,198 | 114,856 | 573352f9d058e614000b585c | generic | A second problem with materialism is that it obscures the importance of relations. It sees every object as distinct and discrete from all other objects. Each object is simply an inert clump of matter that is only externally related to other things. The idea of matter as primary makes people think of objects as being fu... | What is another issue that Whitehead had with materialism? | {'text': 'it obscures the importance of relations', 'answer_start': 42} |
89,355 | 89,013 | 572878f12ca10214002da3ad | generic | Blair announced in September 2006 that he would quit as leader within the year, though he had been under pressure to quit earlier than May 2007 in order to get a new leader in place before the May elections which were expected to be disastrous for Labour. In the event, the party did lose power in Scotland to a minority... | Who was Blair replaced by? | {'text': 'his Chancellor, Gordon Brown', 'answer_start': 456} |
121,597 | 121,255 | 5a538ca4bdaabd001a3866de | generic | The university culture developed differently in northern Europe than it did in the south, although the northern (primarily Germany, France and Great Britain) and southern universities (primarily Italy) did have many elements in common. Latin was the language of the university, used for all texts, lectures, disputations... | Who lectured onAvicenna for metaphysics? | {'text': 'Professors', 'answer_start': 339} |
105,269 | 104,927 | 57304c5e8ab72b1400f9c3fe | generic | On 13 March, the upper Clyde port of Clydebank near Glasgow was bombed. All but seven of its 12,000 houses were damaged. Many more ports were attacked. Plymouth was attacked five times before the end of the month while Belfast, Hull, and Cardiff were hit. Cardiff was bombed on three nights, Portsmouth centre was devast... | How many houses were spared damage in Glasgow? | {'text': 'seven', 'answer_start': 80} |
91,688 | 91,346 | 5728b510ff5b5019007da51d | generic | Paris is home to the association football club Paris Saint-Germain and the rugby union club Stade Français. The 80,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the commune of Saint-Denis. Paris hosts the annual French Open Grand Slam tennis tournament on the red clay of... | In what year did Paris host the World Cup? | {'text': '2007', 'answer_start': 435} |
74,614 | 74,272 | 5a6fe0258abb0b001a675fea | generic | Alsace is one of the most conservative régions of France. It is one of just two régions in metropolitan France where the conservative right won the 2004 région elections and thus controls the Alsace Regional Council. Conservative leader Nicolas Sarkozy got his best score in Alsace (over 65%) in the second round of the ... | Alsace is anti- what? | {'text': 'EU', 'answer_start': 706} |
77,749 | 77,407 | 57277d935951b619008f8b43 | generic | TCM's film content has remained mostly uncut and uncolorized (with films natively filmed or post-produced in the format being those only ones presented in color), depending upon the original content of movies, particularly movies released after the 1968 implementation of the Motion Picture Association of America's rati... | In what year did the Motion Picture Association of America introduce its rating system? | {'text': '1968', 'answer_start': 249} |
124,063 | 123,721 | 57324734e99e3014001e662f | generic | Confer With the White House. If his or her party controls the White House, the minority leader confers regularly with the President and his aides about issues before Congress, the Administration's agenda, and political events generally. Strategically, the role of the minority leader will vary depending on whether the P... | What was Robert Michel's role as minority leader? | {'text': 'point man" for Republican presidents', 'answer_start': 583} |
129,188 | 128,846 | 573449cf879d6814001ca49b | generic | As of 2015 a variety of murals from internationally recognized street artists have appeared throughout the city as a result of the efforts of Art Whino and RVA Magazine with The Richmond Mural Project and the RVA Street Art Festival. Artists who have produced work in the city as a result of these festivals include ROA,... | Along with Hamilton Glass and El Kamino, who is a mural artist local to Richmond? | {'text': 'Nils Westergard', 'answer_start': 484} |
59,909 | 59,567 | 5a7cc2c9e8bc7e001a9e1fd2 | generic | Due to many centuries of intensive settlement, most of the area is shaped by human influence. The original natural vegetation of Thuringia is forest with beech as its predominant species, as can still be found in the Hainich mountains today. In the uplands, a mixture of beech and spruce would be natural. However, most ... | What has been the aim for the Thuringian forests since 1970? | {'text': 'more natural and tough vegetation', 'answer_start': 513} |
105,897 | 105,555 | 5a87c33f19b91f001a626d95 | generic | Fluids cannot generally be pulled, so a vacuum cannot be created by suction. Suction can spread and dilute a vacuum by letting a higher pressure push fluids into it, but the vacuum has to be created first before suction can occur. The easiest way to create an artificial vacuum is to expand the volume of a container. Fo... | What does fluid push into the lungs? | {'text': 'air', 'answer_start': 518} |
119,451 | 119,109 | 573143ba497a881900248d26 | generic | One-color light is well suited for traffic lights and signals, exit signs, emergency vehicle lighting, ships' navigation lights or lanterns (chromacity and luminance standards being set under the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972, Annex I and the CIE) and LED-based Christ... | What is an example of a night vision needed area? | {'text': 'astronomy observatories', 'answer_start': 561} |
81,676 | 81,334 | 5a39a8772f14dd001ac72539 | generic | Cultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then "reinvented" in the English-speaking world as a product of the "cultural turn" of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmod... | Which sociologists tend to accept scientific methods? | {'text': 'Cultural', 'answer_start': 478} |
76,835 | 76,493 | 5a7f934a48f7d9001a0637b7 | generic | In India, the Supreme Court of India was created on January 28, 1950 after adoption of the Constitution. Article 141 of the Constitution of India states that the law declared by Supreme Court is to be binding on all Courts within the territory of India. It is the highest court in India and has ultimate judicial authori... | What does Article 414 of the Constitution of India say? | {'text': 'the law declared by Supreme Court is to be binding on all Courts within the territory of India', 'answer_start': 158} |
65,329 | 64,987 | 5726994b708984140094cb4d | generic | The art historian Douglas Cooper states that Paul Gauguin and Paul Cézanne "were particularly influential to the formation of Cubism and especially important to the paintings of Picasso during 1906 and 1907". Cooper goes on to say: "The Demoiselles is generally referred to as the first Cubist picture. This is an exagge... | Is it true that the first Cubist picture is The Demoiselles? | {'text': 'although it was a major first step towards Cubism it is not yet Cubist.', 'answer_start': 332} |
29,983 | 29,641 | 5706e5579e06ca38007e91fd | generic | Marvin Gardens, the leading yellow property on the board shown, is actually a misspelling of the original location name, "Marven Gardens". The misspelling was said to have been introduced by Charles Todd and passed on when his home-made Monopoly board was copied by Charles Darrow and thence Parker Brothers. It was not ... | Whose game did Parker Brothers model the board game after? | {'text': 'Charles Darrow', 'answer_start': 266} |
103,208 | 102,866 | 5731d33de17f3d1400422457 | generic | In 2004 he was admitted as knight of the Légion d'honneur by president Jacques Chirac. On July 15, 2006, Spielberg was also awarded the Gold Hugo Lifetime Achievement Award at the Summer Gala of the Chicago International Film Festival, and also was awarded a Kennedy Center honour on December 3. The tribute to Spielberg... | Where was Spielberg honored on Dec 3, 2006? | {'text': 'Kennedy Center', 'answer_start': 259} |
79,216 | 78,874 | 5727bd3d4b864d1900163c00 | generic | Later the emphasis was on classical studies, dominated by Latin and Ancient History, and, for boys with sufficient ability, Classical Greek. From the latter part of the 19th century this curriculum has changed and broadened: for example, there are now more than 100 students of Chinese, which is a non-curriculum course.... | How many current students take Chinese courses at Eaton? | {'text': 'more than 100', 'answer_start': 252} |
5,070 | 4,728 | 56d0f47a17492d1400aab69a | generic | Raised in Chicago, West briefly attended art school before becoming known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing hit singles for artists such as Jay-Z and Alicia Keys. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread comme... | What was Kanye West's first job title after art school? | {'text': 'producer', 'answer_start': 79} |
68,631 | 68,289 | 572702dddd62a815002e979d | generic | Plants uptake essential elements from the soil through their roots and from the air (consisting of mainly nitrogen and oxygen) through their leaves. Green plants obtain their carbohydrate supply from the carbon dioxide in the air by the process of photosynthesis. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other... | What is the process called in which plants gather nutrients from the soil around their roots? | {'text': 'cation exchange', 'answer_start': 402} |
68,219 | 67,877 | 5acd554207355d001abf3d81 | generic | During the difficult 1930s of the Great Depression, government at all levels was integral to creating jobs. The city provided recreational and educational programs, and hired people for public works projects. In 1932, Raleigh Memorial Auditorium was dedicated. The North Carolina Symphony, founded the same year, perform... | What year did the North Carolina Symphony fail? | {'text': '1932', 'answer_start': 212} |
40,719 | 40,377 | 5ad560785b96ef001a10ad18 | generic | Apple discontinued the use of PowerPC microprocessors in 2006. At WWDC 2005, Steve Jobs announced this transition, revealing that Mac OS X was always developed to run on both the Intel and PowerPC architectures. All new Macs now use x86 processors made by Intel, and some were renamed as a result. Intel-based Macs runni... | What is the name of the software that Apple introduced for running Windows 98? | {'text': 'Boot Camp', 'answer_start': 1040} |
40,052 | 39,710 | 570c5164b3d812140066d0ea | generic | During John's early years, Henry attempted to resolve the question of his succession. Henry the Young King had been crowned King of England in 1170, but was not given any formal powers by his father; he was also promised Normandy and Anjou as part of his future inheritance. Richard was to be appointed the Count of Poit... | What was John's nickname? | {'text': 'Lackland', 'answer_start': 513} |
117,983 | 117,641 | 57312e3305b4da19006bce5f | generic | The governments of Australia and New Zealand responded to the 2011 fresh-water crisis by supplying temporary desalination plants, and assisted in the repair of the existing desalination unit that was donated by Japan in 2006. In response to the 2011 drought, Japan funded the purchase of a 100 m3/d desalination plant an... | As aprt of what program did Japan fund a new desalination plant at Tuvalu? | {'text': 'Pacific Environment Community', 'answer_start': 365} |
49,682 | 49,340 | 5724e70a0ba9f01400d97bb6 | generic | Palmerston died in 1865, and after a brief ministry led by Russell, Derby returned to power. In 1866, Victoria attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time since Albert's death. The following year she supported the passing of the Reform Act 1867 which doubled the electorate by extending the franchise to ... | Who replaced Derby when he resigned in 1868? | {'text': 'Benjamin Disraeli', 'answer_start': 435} |
105,237 | 104,895 | 573043c6a23a5019007fd027 | generic | Directive 23 was the only concession made by Göring to the Kriegsmarine over the strategic bombing strategy of the Luftwaffe against Britain. Thereafter, he would refuse to make available any air units to destroy British dockyards, ports, port facilities, or shipping in dock or at sea, lest Kriegsmarine gain control of... | What was the concession Goring made with the strategic bombing against Britain? | {'text': 'Directive 23', 'answer_start': 0} |
65,260 | 64,918 | 5ad0fded645df0001a2d0993 | generic | The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert... | Who was the cook of the Houses of Parliament? | {'text': 'Augustus Welby Pugin', 'answer_start': 120} |
15,159 | 14,817 | 5acf7cec77cf76001a684f4b | generic | American comics developed out of such magazines as Puck, Judge, and Life. The success of illustrated humour supplements in the New York World and later the New York American, particularly Outcault's The Yellow Kid, led to the development of newspaper comic strips. Early Sunday strips were full-page and often in colour.... | Which outlet did news supplements find success in? | {'text': 'New York World', 'answer_start': 127} |
76,017 | 75,675 | 57278e79f1498d1400e8fc08 | generic | The book was widely translated in Darwin's lifetime, but problems arose with translating concepts and metaphors, and some translations were biased by the translator's own agenda. Darwin distributed presentation copies in France and Germany, hoping that suitable applicants would come forward, as translators were expecte... | Who was the German translator that Darwin welcomed for On the Origin of Species? | {'text': 'Heinrich Georg Bronn,', 'answer_start': 440} |
124,209 | 123,867 | 57323009e17f3d14004226f7 | generic | Small Armenian trading and religious communities have existed outside of Armenia for centuries. For example, a community has existed for over a millennium in the Holy Land, and one of the four quarters of the walled Old City of Jerusalem has been called the Armenian Quarter. An Armenian Catholic monastic community of 3... | When was the Italian Armenian monastery founded? | {'text': '1717', 'answer_start': 333} |
48,771 | 48,429 | 5acfa37777cf76001a6856a2 | generic | Following the death of Husayn, Ibn al-Zubayr, although remaining in Mecca, was associated with two opposition movements, one centered in Medina and the other around Kharijites in Basra and Arabia. Because Medina had been home to Muhammad and his family, including Husayn, word of his death and the imprisonment of his fa... | Who dispatched an army to help the opposition movements? | {'text': 'Yazid', 'answer_start': 369} |
21,231 | 20,889 | 56e82da500c9c71400d775f5 | generic | In addition to having evolved, for the most part, separately from one another and with distinct individual histories, the Latin-based regional Romance languages of Italy are also better classified as separate languages rather than true "dialects" due to the often high degree in which they lack mutual intelligibility. T... | What language family does Eastern Lombard belong to? | {'text': 'Gallo-Italic', 'answer_start': 1086} |
38,486 | 38,144 | 570ce1bab3d812140066d2e2 | generic | A gymnast's score comes from deductions taken from their start value. The start value of a routine is based on the difficulty of the elements the gymnast attempts and whether or not the gymnast meets composition requirements. The composition requirements are different for each apparatus; this score is called the D scor... | How is the start vaule determined? | {'text': 'e start value of a routine is based on the difficulty of the elements the gymnast attempts and whether or not the gymnast meets composition requirements', 'answer_start': 72} |
121,079 | 120,737 | 573173d8497a881900248f0b | generic | The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life ranks Egypt as the fifth worst country in the world for religious freedom. The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, a bipartisan independent agency of the US government, has placed Egypt on its watch list of countries that require close monitoring due to t... | Where does Egypt rank for Religious freedom according to Pew Forum? | {'text': 'fifth worst', 'answer_start': 59} |
54,174 | 53,832 | 5726c83fdd62a815002e9012 | generic | By 1 October 1950, the UN Command repelled the KPA northwards past the 38th parallel; the ROK Army crossed after them, into North Korea. MacArthur made a statement demanding the KPA's unconditional surrender. Six days later, on 7 October, with UN authorization, the UN Command forces followed the ROK forces northwards. ... | How did the 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team prevent North Korean leaders from fleeing? | {'text': 'cut the road north going to China', 'answer_start': 780} |
67,211 | 66,869 | 5ad14d10645df0001a2d1675 | generic | Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power g... | What is the main example of a RC power source? | {'text': 'batteries', 'answer_start': 215} |
79,312 | 78,970 | 5727d52c3acd2414000deda9 | generic | In recent years, the School has put on a musical version of The Bacchae (October 2009) as well as productions of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (May 2010), The Cherry Orchard (February 2011), Joseph K (October 2011), Cyrano de Bergerac (May 2012), Macbeth (October 2012), London Assurance (May 2013) and ... | Who are cast in Eton's female roles in their productions? | {'text': 'girls from surrounding schools', 'answer_start': 421} |
86,264 | 85,922 | 5ad34a47604f3c001a3fdc7f | generic | PlayStation Home is a virtual 3D social networking service for the PlayStation Network. Home allows users to create a custom avatar, which can be groomed realistically. Users can edit and decorate their personal apartments, avatars or club houses with free, premium or won content. Users can shop for new items or win pr... | What doesn't Sony call their social network? | {'text': 'PlayStation Home', 'answer_start': 0} |
22,641 | 22,299 | 5ad4a97f5b96ef001a109d3f | generic | As of 1878, there were only three free Slavic states in the world: the Russian Empire, Serbia and Montenegro. Bulgaria was also free but was de jure vassal to the Ottoman Empire until official independence was declared in 1908. In the entire Austro-Hungarian Empire of approximately 50 million people, about 23 million w... | What ended in 1878? | {'text': 'World War I', 'answer_start': 676} |
90,548 | 90,206 | 5ad25596d7d075001a428d3e | generic | Such a theory would be true with higher probability, because it cannot be attacked so easily: to falsify the first one, it is sufficient to find that the sun has stopped rising; to falsify the second one, one additionally needs the assumption that the given day has not yet been reached. Popper held that it is the least... | Who supported positivism? | {'text': 'Popper', 'answer_start': 288} |
76,096 | 75,754 | 5727c29e2ca10214002d959f | generic | Darwin's aims were twofold: to show that species had not been separately created, and to show that natural selection had been the chief agent of change. He knew that his readers were already familiar with the concept of transmutation of species from Vestiges, and his introduction ridicules that work as failing to provi... | What is Darwin's belief about the accumulation of adaptive variations? | {'text': 'the accumulation of adaptive variations provides a scientifically testable mechanism for evolutionary speciation.', 'answer_start': 533} |
25,951 | 25,609 | 56f984649b226e1400dd14f4 | generic | A key component of the arousal system is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a tiny part of the hypothalamus located directly above the point at which the optic nerves from the two eyes cross. The SCN contains the body's central biological clock. Neurons there show activity levels that rise and fall with a period of abo... | Which part of the arousal system controls the body's biological clock? | {'text': 'the suprachiasmatic nucleus', 'answer_start': 41} |
30,529 | 30,187 | 5706ab2075f01819005e7cec | generic | House also had an influence of relaying political messages to people who were considered to be outcasts of society. The music appealed to those who didn't fit into mainstream American society and was especially celebrated by many black males. Frankie Knuckles once said that the Warehouse club in Chicago was like "churc... | Who did House relay political messages to? | {'text': 'outcasts of society', 'answer_start': 95} |
95,291 | 94,949 | 572997743f37b319004784c8 | generic | The Serbo-Croatian dialects differ not only in the question word they are named after, but also heavily in phonology, accentuation and intonation, case endings and tense system (morphology) and basic vocabulary. In the past, Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects were spoken on a much larger territory, but have been replaced... | What is morphology to a language? | {'text': 'tense system', 'answer_start': 164} |
99,398 | 99,056 | 572b5e0834ae481900deadd8 | generic | In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932),... | Which three major companies do not consider Guam as domestic when shipping is involved? | {'text': 'FedEx, UPS, and DHL', 'answer_start': 456} |
84,778 | 84,436 | 5a6117cfe9e1cc001a33cee4 | generic | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped... | When did John XXIII pray at Luigi Traglia's tomb? | {'text': 'On 22 June 1963', 'answer_start': 655} |
35,787 | 35,445 | 570aa9644103511400d598f1 | generic | On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism from Nick Bilton of The New York Times, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but mobile phone calls will still be prohibited. Implementation will ... | Where must devices be put during actual takeoff and landing? | {'text': 'seat-back pocket', 'answer_start': 529} |
2,316 | 1,974 | 56cd67e662d2951400fa6586 | generic | Since October 2004, the iPod line has dominated digital music player sales in the United States, with over 90% of the market for hard drive-based players and over 70% of the market for all types of players. During the year from January 2004 to January 2005, the high rate of sales caused its U.S. market share to increas... | How much of the market did iPod claim as of January 2007? | {'text': '72.7%', 'answer_start': 441} |
51,614 | 51,272 | 5725cd0a89a1e219009abeed | generic | As part of its education-related initiatives, the foundation has funded journalists, think tanks, lobbying organizations and governments. Millions of dollars of grants to news organizations have funded reporting on education and higher education, including more than $1.4 million to the Education Writers Association to ... | what do the millions in grants given to news agencies do | {'text': 'Millions of dollars of grants to news organizations have funded reporting on education and higher education', 'answer_start': 138} |
34,926 | 34,584 | 5ad253a8d7d075001a428d1e | generic | This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and beha... | What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano not pay any attention to? | {'text': 'work', 'answer_start': 191} |
115,946 | 115,604 | 5ad499c5ba00c4001a268d22 | generic | Windows Store apps run within a new set of APIs known as Windows Runtime, which supports programming languages such as C, C++, Visual Basic .NET, C#, along with HTML5 and JavaScript. If written in some "high-level" languages, apps written for Windows Runtime can be compatible with both Intel and ARM versions of Windows... | What programming languages does Windows Downtime work with? | {'text': 'C, C++, Visual Basic .NET, C#, along with HTML5 and JavaScript', 'answer_start': 119} |
13,287 | 12,945 | 56df5a4d8bc80c19004e4aef | generic | Oklahoma City is the principal city of the eight-county Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area in Central Oklahoma and is the state's largest urbanized area. Based on population rank, the metropolitan area was the 42nd largest in the nation as of 2012. | What is Oklahoma's largest urbanized area? | {'text': 'Oklahoma City', 'answer_start': 0} |
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