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1510375 | Iron and oxygen radicals in brain. | The brain has been shown to contain regions with high concentrations of non-heme iron, and some of this iron can be chelated, which suggests that it is in a low molecular mass form. The chelatable iron appears to be responsible for the in vitro peroxidation of homogenized brain tissue lipids. It has been suggested that... |
1644964 | Bronchoscopy in the intensive care unit. | The development of the flexible, fiberoptic bronchoscope has made bronchoscopic examinations possible in ICU patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Over the years, the number of such procedures has greatly increased, with both diagnostic and therapeutic objectives, such as performing difficult intubation, manageme... |
1385920 | Interactions between epidurally and intrathecally administered sufentanil and bupivacaine in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin in the rat. | The interaction between inactive doses of the opioid sufentanil and the local anesthetic bupivacaine after complexation in various concentrations of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-B-CD) were studied after epidural and intrathecal administration in the rat. Whereas 0.125 microgram sufentanil and 80 micrograms bupiv... |
1631047 | A robust and efficient automated docking algorithm for molecular recognition. | A completely automated method is described for determining the most likely mode of binding of two (macro)molecules from the knowledge of their three-dimensional structures alone. The method is based on well-known graph theoretical techniques and has been used successfully to determine and rationalize the binding of a n... |
1378367 | Mapping of binding sites for monoclonal antibodies to chick tropoelastin by recombinant DNA techniques. | A fusion molecule consisting of the entire coding sequence of mature chicken tropoelastin preceded by 14 amino acids of the signal peptide and 9 amino acids of vector origin has been expressed in a recombinant bacterial system and purified. The molecule has been used as immunogen for the production of hybridomas. Monoc... |
1624541 | The prostacyclin analogue cicaprost inhibits metastasis of tumours of R 3327 MAT Lu prostate carcinoma and SMT 2A mammary carcinoma. | Investigations on mechanisms of metastatic tumour spread revealed a role for compounds that inhibit tumour dissemination at the time of hematogenous dissemination. The platelet aggregation inhibitor prostacyclin and its stable analogues were shown to inhibit tumour-cell-induced platelet interaction as well as tumour ce... |
1377524 | Endothelial cell migration and chemotaxis in angiogenesis. | Our goal has been to provide a quantitative analysis of the random motility and chemotaxis of microvessel endothelial cells (MEC) in order to understand the role of these functions in the development of new capillaries. A major difference of our work from previous investigations has been our use of mathematical analysi... |
1615706 | Metabolism of (-)-6(S)-hydroxy-4(R)-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1- cyclohexene-1-ethanol in rat and dog. | 1. The metabolism of a new mucoactive drug, chemically (-)-6(S)-hydroxy-4(R)- (1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-1-cyclohexene-1-ethanol (CO/1408), has been studied in rat and dog after a single oral dose; eight metabolites were identified. 2. Oxidation of the primary and secondary alcohol groups, hydroxylation in allylic posit... |
1614273 | Identification of hydropathically complementary putative contact sequences within epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF receptor. | Hydropathic complementariness (HC) has been proposed as a novel molecular recognition code for how two proteins can recognize one other and thus form a reversible complex. If a protein contains a segment of a few amino acid residues that is surface-exposed, plus in extended conformation, plus composed of residues whose... |
1611930 | Antifungal prophylaxis during neutropenia or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: what is the state of the art? Ad HOC Working Group. | Neutropenia induced by intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation are increasingly commonly complicated by fungal infections; thus prophylaxis may be justified. The authors surveyed the literature and culled their experience - few randomized trials have been done and definitions have often been p... |
1319314 | Opportunistic fungal infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | The recently developed antifungal agents itraconazole and fluconazole have been evaluated for primary and maintenance therapy for mycoses in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in comparative and non-comparative trials. In oropharyngeal candidosis, ketoconazole may have to be given at a dose of 400... |
1609114 | The new generation of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. | Irreversible and unspecific inhibitors of MAO were the first modern antidepressants, but after an initial success they fell into discredit due to adverse side effects. In the past two decades interest in MAO inhibitors has been renewed because of progress in basic research, a milestone being the finding that there are ... |
1607363 | Studies on the active site of human alpha-amylases: examination of the third subsite S3' of the aglycone-binding site by control of substrate binding mode. | Modified maltooligosaccharides, IG-G-G-G-AG-G (IG: 6-deoxy-6-iodo-D-glucopyranose residue, G: D-glucopyranose residue, AG: 6-amino-6-deoxy-D-glucopyranose residue, -: alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage), IG-G-G-G-AG-M (M: methyl), and IG-G-G-G-AG-phi (phi: phenyl) were prepared by the use of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase i... |
1605029 | Effects of m-nisoldipine on delayed afterdepolarization of canine Purkinje fibers. | Effects of m-nisoldipine (m-Nis) on delayed after depolarization (DAD) and triggered activity (TA) were studied using standard microelectrode technique. The development of DAD and TA were markedly inhibited by pre-treatment with m-Nis (1-4 mumol.L-1) as well as m-Nis treatment after DAD and TA had been elicited. The am... |
1596935 | Distribution of substituents in O-(2-hydroxypropyl) derivatives of cyclomalto-oligosaccharides (cyclodextrins: influence of increasing substitution of the base used in the preparation, and of macrocyclic size. | Samples of O-(2-hydroxypropyl)derivatives of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) with increasing substitution were prepared by withdrawing aliquots at different times from a reaction mixture containing cyclomaltoheptaose and an excess of (S)-propylene oxide in 0.39 M aqueous sodium hydroxide. The distributions of su... |
1534513 | Directed enzymatic synthesis of linear and branched gluco-oligosaccharides, using cyclodextrin-glucanosyltransferase. | Cyclodextrin-glucanosyltransferase, in a kinetically controlled reaction, transfers one maltohexaosyl residue from cyclomaltohexaose (alpha CD) to HO-4 of an acceptor to form a linear or a branched gluco-oligosaccharide. The primary transfer product can be isolated in yields up to 45% and in high purity, if the reactio... |
1596911 | Preparation of di-O-triphenylmethyl-(trityl-) cyclomaltohexaoses and -cyclomaltoheptaoses and characterization of three positional isomers of each by the "hex-5-enose degradation". | Regioisomeric 6(1),6n-di-O-trityl-cyclomaltohexaoses (cG6s) or -cyclomaltoheptaoses (cG7s) were prepared by the reaction of cyclomaltohexaose (1, cG6) or cylomaltoheptaose (5, cG7) with chlorotriphenyl-methane in pyridine and isolation by h.p.l.c. The regiochemical determination of each three ditrityl-substituted deriv... |
1534471 | High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of biotin in biological materials after crown ether-catalyzed fluorescence derivatization with panacyl bromide. | This paper reports a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) technique to determine biotin in biological samples. Biotin and the internal standard dethiobiotin are converted into fluorescent derivatives by using panacyl bromide [p-(9-anthroyloxy)phenacyl bromide] as a fluorescence label. Biotin is extracted from... |
1350629 | The influence of beta-cyclodextrin on the solubility and dissolution rate of paracetamol solid dispersions. | The effect of cyclodextrin (beta-CD) on the solubility and dissolution rate of various paracetamol dispersion powders (1:1 w/w), and tablets was studied. Lower solubility was exhibited by a spray dried solid dispersion made from paracetamol-Ethocel-Macrogol 6000 (95:2:3). The improvement in solubility was influenced by... |
1592178 | Development of a lyophilized formulation of interleukin-2. | Native human interleukin-2 (IL-2) comprises a group of glycoproteins of MW 13,000-17,500. Recombinant human IL-2 (rhIL-2) (Cetus) is derived from E. coli and is not glycosylated. We have evaluated several processes for manufacturing rhIL-2, based on different chaotropic agents for solubilization of insoluble protein pa... |
1350451 | Altered expression of NGF and P75 NGF-receptor by fibroblasts of injured teeth precedes sensory nerve sprouting. | Profuse sprouting of sensory nerve fibers occurs in tooth pulp by 1-4 days following dentin injury. A possible role for nerve growth factor (NGF) in that neural response is suggested here by the demonstration that NGF mRNA and protein are increased 6 hr after injury to adult rat molars. The enhanced expression of NGF m... |
1590690 | The separated enantiomers of 2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine (BCH 189) both inhibit human immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro. | Racemic 2'-deoxy-3'-thiacytidine (BCH 189) is a dideoxycytidine analog having a sulfur atom in place of the 3' carbon. The enantiomers of BCH 189 have been resolved and found to be equipotent in antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2. However, the (-)-enantiomer (3TC) is considerably less... |
1589416 | Complexation studies of cyclodextrins with tricyclic antidepressants using ion-selective electrodes. | The complexation of six tricyclic antidepressant drugs [amitriptylin (AMN), nortriptylin (NRN), imipramin (IMN), doxepin (DXN), protriptylin (PTN), and maprotilin (MPN)] with alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins (CDs) using ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) as drug ion sensors is described. Binding parameters were calculated by... |
1589406 | Lyophilized formulations of recombinant tumor necrosis factor. | Recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), an investigational biological response modifier, is a protein and is susceptible to particulate generation during handling in dilute aqueous solutions. TNF is prone to formation of nonreducible dimers and oligomers during formulation, lyophilization, and storage. The effec... |
1589069 | [Intraoperative changes in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism as prognostic index in interventions of massive hepatic resection]. | This study was conducted on 10 patients with primitive or metastatic liver tumors, scheduled for massive liver resections, in order to search for evidence of the existence of intraoperative prognostic indexes having a bearing upon postoperative survival. The following parameters were measured in every patient: HR, MAP,... |
1375187 | "Self" to cytotoxic T cells has to be 1,000 or less high affinity nonapeptides per MHC antigen. | In order to serve as the effective target of a relevant cytotoxic T-cell receptor, the same peptide fragment has to occupy at least 0.1% of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen sites on the plasma membrane. Because of this need, I content that the thymic educator cell of "self" to cytotoxic T cell... |
1587252 | Use of cyclodextrins for the enantioselective separation of ergot alkaloids by capillary zone electrophoresis. | Ergot alkaloid enantiomer derivatives were resolved using capillary zone electrophoresis. The effect of cyclodextrins, added to the background electrolyte, on the migration time and the resolution was studied. Good separation for epimeric ergot alkaloid derivatives was also obtained using phosphate buffer at pH 2.5. Se... |
1585448 | How does protein phosphorylation regulate photosynthesis? | Phosphorylation of light-harvesting antenna proteins redirects absorbed light energy between reaction centres of photosynthetic membranes. A generally accepted explanation for this is that electrostatic forces drive the more negatively charged, phosphorylated antenna proteins between membrane domains that differ in sur... |
1581554 | Cryo-electron microscopy of nervous tissue. A review. | The present work attempts to demonstrate that cryofixation is a valuable method for the study of the nervous tissue. The use of the newly developed methods of cryofixation and freeze-etching without fixatives or cryoprotectants allows new exciting perspectives for the electron microscopical observation of cellular comp... |
1578346 | [Use of water-soluble beta-cyclodextrin derivatives as carriers of anti-inflammatory drug biphenylylacetic acid in rectal delivery]. | To improve the rectal delivery of an anti-inflammatory drug, biphenylylacetic acid (BPAA), the use of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CyD) and heptakis (2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (DM-beta-CyD) was investigated. Inclusion complex formations of BPAA with both beta-CyDs in a molar ratio of 1:1 in water... |
1577837 | Kinetics supramolecular structure and equilibrium properties of fibrinogen adsorption at liquid-solid interfaces. | Adsorption of fibrinogen onto hydrophobic and hydrophilic quartz surfaces was studied by ellipsometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of negatively stained proteins. The initial adsorption at the hydrophobic surface, measured by ellipsometry, can be described by an apparent forward rate constant k1 of 2 x 10... |
1533537 | Chemoenzymatic synthesis of modified maltooligosaccharides from cyclodextrin derivatives. | Methyl and p-nitrophenyl alpha-maltooligosaccharides with a 3,6-anhydro ring on the fourth glucosyl residue, starting from the reducing end, were prepared. Enzymatic coupling catalyzed by CGTase, between 3A,6A-anhydrocyclomaltohexaose and methyl or p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucosides led to maltohepatosides. When miglitol... |
1566639 | Preparation and investigation of inclusion complexes containing nitrazepam. | Nitrazepam is a valuable drug, being one of the often used minor tranquillizers in psychotherapy. However, its solubility characteristics are very unfavourable. Products were prepared with dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin in different combinations (8.58%, 19.48% and 27.29%) and by several methods such as mixing, kneading, pr... |
1565776 | [The effect of gamma irradiation on the content in the thymus and liver chromatin of rats of DNA-bound proteins resistant to dissociation by phenol and sodium dodecylsulfate]. | Two groups of proteins of 50-68 kD (A) and 12-14 kD (B) are the components of DNP preparations from rat thymus and liver obtained by washing with 0.075 M NaCl-0.024 M EDTA solution and deproteinization with phenol and dodecylsulfate (SDS). Immediately after irradiation with a dose of 10 Gy, there observed an approximat... |
1564100 | Determination of mephenytoin stereoselective oxidative metabolism in urine by chiral liquid chromatography employing beta-cyclodextrin as a mobile phase additive. | A direct high-performance liquid chromatographic assay was developed for the separation and determination of S- and R-mephenytion enantiomers in human urine. Separation was achieved on a Supelcosil LC-8 column with methanol-0.1 M acetate buffer as the mobile phase and beta-cyclodextrin as a mobile phase additive. The u... |
1532922 | Comparative efficiencies of bispecific F(ab'gamma)2 and chimeric mouse/human IgG antibodies in recruiting cellular effectors for cytotoxicity via Fc gamma receptors. | The three forms of Fc gamma receptor carried by monocytes (Fc gamma RI, II) and natural killer (NK) cells (Fc gamma RIII) are all capable of mediating cell lysis. Here we compare the use of F(ab'gamma)2 bispecific antibodies, specifically targetting individual Fc gamma R, and chimeric IgG mouse/human antibodies which a... |
1373291 | Domain structure and antiparallel dimers of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). | We have studied the microtubule-associated protein MAP2 from porcine brain and its subfragments by limited proteolysis, antibody labeling, and electron microscopy. Two major chymotryptic fragments start at lys 1528 and arg 1664, generating microtubule-binding fragments of Mr 36 kDa (303 residues, analogous to the "asse... |
1314046 | Adaptations to high hydrostatic pressure. | The importance of adaptation to high pressure has long been implicit in the findings of studies in which 1 atm-adapted species were subjected to elevated pressures. Recent comparative studies have shown that pressure sensitivities of enzymes, structural proteins, and membrane-based systems differ markedly between shall... |
1555930 | Hemicrania continua: a case responsive to piroxicam-beta-cyclodextrin. | The case of a 53-year-old woman is described, who since the age of 38 years had been suffering from a unilateral headache that was at first remitting, but then evolved into an unremitting course. The headache was burning in quality, located in the left forehead and face, and was accompanied by mild ipsilateral autonomi... |
1553382 | Subunit assembly and active site location in the structure of glutamate dehydrogenase. | The three-dimensional crystal structure of the NAD(+)-linked glutamate dehydrogenase from Clostridium symbiosum has been solved to 1.96 A resolution by a combination of isomorphous replacement and molecular averaging and refined to a conventional crystallographic R factor of 0.227. Each subunit in this multimeric enzym... |
1348005 | Yeast proteins associated with microtubules in vitro and in vivo. | Conditions were established for the self-assembly of milligram amounts of purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae tubulin. Microtubules assembled with pure yeast tubulin were not stabilized by taxol; hybrid microtubules containing substoichiometric amounts of bovine tubulin were stabilized. Yeast microtubule-associated prote... |
1550952 | Differential regulation of interleukin-6 receptor and gp130 gene expression in rat hepatocytes. | Interleukin-6 (IL-6) relays an important signal to hepatocytes during the early stages of an acute inflammatory response, causing an alteration in the expression of several major defense proteins. Additional regulation of this signal could occur either by altering the number of IL-6 receptors (IL-6-R) or of the signal ... |
1532217 | Decreased mesenteric blood flow in experimental multiple organ failure. | Disorders of mucosal blood flow may contribute to gut barrier dysfunction in multiple organ failure (MOF). We evaluated alterations of mesenteric microcirculation in a rat model of MOF. Male Wistar rats received 1 mg/g body weight of zymosan A in 4 ml of mineral oil by intraperitoneal injection and were studied on Days... |
1372202 | Fixation of mammalian cells for flow cytometric evaluation of DNA content and nuclear immunofluorescence. | Mammalian tissue culture cells were fixed with 3 different alcoholic fixatives--acetone:methanol, EtOH, and MeOH. The quality of the resulting DNA histograms was evaluated by comparison of CV, G1/G2 ratio, G1 mode, cell aggregation, and debris formation; 81-90% MeOH (final concentration) was determined to be the optima... |
1541661 | High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of pilocarpine hydrochloride and its degradation products using a beta-cyclodextrin column. | A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of pilocarpine, isopilocarpine, pilocarpic acid and isopilocarpic acid was developed. A beta-cyclodextrin column achieved the separation in less than 10 min. Baseline resolution of all four compounds permitted the determination of each degrad... |
1371703 | On the supramolecular organization of gramicidin channels. The elementary conducting unit is a dimer. | The question, whether the conducting channels formed by the linear gramicidins are dimers (as is generally believed) or tetramers (as has been recently proposed [Stark G., M. Strässle, and Z. Takacz. 1986. J. Membr. Biol. 89:23-37; Strässle, M., G. Stark, M. Wilhelm, P. Daumas, F. Heitz, and R. Lazaro. 1989. Biochim. B... |
1311545 | Characterization of lactoferrin binding by Aeromonas hydrophila. | Various lactoferrin preparations (iron-saturated and iron-depleted human milk lactoferrins and bovine milk and colostrum lactoferrins) were bound by Aeromonas hydrophila. Binding was (i) reversible (65% of bound lactoferrin was displaced by unlabeled lactoferrin), (ii) specific (lactoferrin but not other iron-containin... |
1539974 | Construction of Bordetella pertussis strains that overproduce genetically inactivated pertussis toxin. | Nontoxic analogs of pertussis toxin (PT), produced by in vitro mutagenesis of the tox operon, are immunogenic and protective against infection by Bordetella pertussis. The moderate levels of PT production by B. pertussis, however, make it the limiting antigen in the formulation of multicomponent, acellular, recombinant... |
1538571 | Treatment of acute profound heart failure by ventricular assist device. | Sixteen patients with acute profound heart failure (HF) have been treated with the left ventricular assist device (LVAD), nine of them were successfully weaned from LVAD, and three of them were discharged and survived longer. Decompression of the left ventricle (LV) at the beginning will prevent overextension of impair... |
1536464 | Symmetrically banded collagen fibrils: observations on a new cross striation pattern in vivo. | Collagen fibrils with a symmetric banding pattern, an as yet overlooked component of the extracellular matrix, were found in the reticular layer of the basement membrane of human sebaceous glands. In longitudinal sections this newly described banding pattern is D-periodic (D = 67 nm) resembling the period length of nat... |
1741248 | The human insulin gene linked polymorphic region exhibits an altered DNA structure. | Regulation of transcription of the human insulin gene appears to involve a series of DNA sequences in the 5' region. Hypersensitivity to DNA structural probes has previously been demonstrated in regulatory regions of cloned genomic DNA fragments, and been correlated with gene activity. To investigate the structure of t... |
1741245 | Cooperative binding of the globular domains of histones H1 and H5 to DNA. | In view of the likely role of H1-H1 interactions in the stabilization of chromatin higher order structure, we have asked whether interactions can occur between the globular domains of the histone molecules. We have studied the properties of the isolated globular domains of H1 and the variant H5 (GH1 and GH5) and we hav... |
1737611 | Intranasal administration of estradiol in combination with progesterone to oophorectomized women: a pilot study. | A pilot study was done to investigate the pharmacokinetics and acceptability of an intranasal 17 beta-estradiol/progesterone formulation. This formulation contained dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin as a solubilizer and absorption enhancer of the steroid hormones. The study was performed in four oophorectomized and hysterecto... |
1736903 | Variation in the P2-S2 stereochemical selectivity towards the enantiomeric N-acetylphenylalanylglycine 4-nitroanilides among the cysteine proteinases papain, ficin and actinidin. | 1. Values of the kinetic specificity constant, kcat./Km, for the hydrolysis of N-acetyl-L-phenylalanylglycine 4-nitroanilide (I) and of its D-enantiomer (II) catalysed by ficin (EC 3.4.22.3) and by actinidin (EC 3.4.22.14) at pH 6.0, I 0.1 mol/l, 8.3% (v/v) NN-dimethylformamide and 25 degrees C were determined by using... |
1310574 | Multiply charged negative ions by electrospray ionization of polypeptides and proteins. | Multiply deprotonated polypeptide and protein molecules, (M - nH)n-, produced from pH approximately 11 aqueous solutions, are analyzed by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Aqueous ammonium hydroxide solutions of the analyte are shown to be preferable to sodium hydroxide solutions for negative-ion ESI ... |
1736361 | Ordered self-assembly of polypeptide fragments to form nativelike dimeric trp repressor. | Subdomain-size proteolytic fragments of Escherichia coli trp repressor have been produced that assemble in defined order to regenerate fully native dimers. By characterization of the secondary and tertiary structures of isolated and recombined fragments, the structure of assembly intermediates can be correlated with th... |
1731973 | Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a sulfur-rich coixin. | A full-length cDNA clone encoding a sulfur-rich Coix prolamin was isolated using a cDNA library constructed from polysomal mRNA prepared from immature Coix endosperm. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA clone predicted a polypeptide of 194 residues, which shared 64% homology with the 17 kDa beta-zein. The matur... |
1731942 | Bisintercalators of DNA with a rigid linker in an extended configuration. | A new class of DNA bisintercalators is reported in which phenanthridinium or acridinium rings are connected by rigid and extended linkers of varied length. Cross-linking of DNA by bisintercalation is inferred from the unwinding and folding of linear DNA induced by the compound; after ligation and removal of the bisinte... |
1731925 | Investigation of heme distortions and heme-protein coupling in the isolated subunits of oxygenated human hemoglobin by resonance Raman dispersion spectroscopy. | To probe the distortions of the heme groups resulting from heme-apoprotein interaction in the isolated subunits of oxygenated human hemoglobin (i.e., alpha SH-oxyHbA and beta SH-oxyHbA), the dispersion of the depolarization ratio of the Raman lines at 1375 cm-1 (nu 4) and 1638 cm-1 (nu 10) was measured at various pHs. ... |
1731324 | Alteration of the carbohydrate binding specificity of verotoxins from Gal alpha 1-4Gal to GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal and vice versa by site-directed mutagenesis of the binding subunit. | Verotoxin 1 (VT-1) and Shiga-like toxin II (SLT-II) bind to the glycosphingolipid (GSL), globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), whereas pig edema disease toxin (VTE) binds to globotetraosylceramide (Gb4) and to a lesser degree Gb3. Amino acids important in the GSL binding specificity of VT-1 and VTE have been identified by site-... |
1530990 | Purification and characterization of a mammalian myosin I. | Myosin I, an actin-dependent force-generating enzyme, has been purified from three mammalian sources: bovine adrenal medulla, adrenal cortex, and brain. The purification procedure includes extraction of tissue with ATP at low ionic strength and coprecipitation with actin, followed by gel filtration on Sepharose 4B, ani... |
1730768 | Human basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein: a 467-kD protein containing multiple domains resembling elements of the low density lipoprotein receptor, laminin, neural cell adhesion molecules, and epidermal growth factor. | The primary structure of the large human basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) core protein was determined from cDNA clones. The cDNA sequence codes for a 467-kD protein with a 21-residue signal peptide. Analysis of the amino acid sequence showed that the protein consists of five domains. The amino-term... |
1730749 | Carboxy terminally truncated forms of ribophorin I are degraded in pre-Golgi compartments by a calcium-dependent process. | Two COOH terminally truncated variants of ribophorin I (RI), a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of 583 amino acids that is segregated to the rough portions of the ER and is associated with the protein-translocating apparatus of this organelle, were expressed in permanent HeLa cell transformants. Both variants, one mem... |
1370490 | Nuclear protein import is inhibited by an antibody to a lumenal epitope of a nuclear pore complex glycoprotein. | Gp210 is a major transmembrane glycoprotein associated with the nuclear pore complex that is suggested to be important for organizing pore complex architecture and assembly. A mouse monoclonal IgG directed against an epitope in the lumenal domain of rat gp210 was expressed in cultured rat cells by microinjection of mRN... |
1370489 | cAMP and Ca(2+)-mediated secretion in parotid acinar cells is associated with reversible changes in the organization of the cytoskeleton. | The potential involvement of actin and fodrin (brain spectrin) in secretory events has been assessed in primary cultured guinea pig parotid acinar cells, using as a tool affinity purified anti-alpha-fodrin antibody, phalloidin, and immunofluorescence techniques. In resting parotid acinar cells fodrin and actin appeared... |
1730601 | Mechanism of molecular recognition. Structural aspects of 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine binding to human serum transthyretin. | The three-dimensional structure of the thyroid hormone metabolite, 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,3'-T2), complex with human serum transthyretin (TTR) has been refined to R = 18.5% for 8-2 A resolution data. This is the first detailed description of a thyroid hormone metabolite binding to a thyroid transport protein. The f... |
1346117 | Functional relationships between cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from an alkalophilic Bacillus and alpha-amylases. Site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved two Asp and one Glu residues. | Comparison of the amino acid sequences of cyclodextrin glucanotransferases (CGTases) with those of alpha-amylases revealed that two Asp and one Glu residues, which are considered to be the catalytic residues in alpha-amylases, were also conserved in CGTases. To analyze the function of the three conserved amino acid res... |
1730228 | Investigation of the mechanisms of irreversible thermoinactivation of Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase. | Bacillus stearothermophilus NCIB 11412 produces a highly thermostable alpha-amylase. The enzyme displayed half-lives of irreversible thermoinactivation at 90 degrees C of 1.9 min and 12.5 min at pH 5.0 and pH 8.0, respectively. Molecular mechanisms of irreversible thermoinactivation were investigated. At both pH 5.0 an... |
1729677 | Pertussis toxin has eukaryotic-like carbohydrate recognition domains. | Bordetella pertussis is bound to glycoconjugates on human cilia and macrophages by multiple adhesins, including pertussis toxin. The cellular recognition properties of the B oligomer of pertussis toxin were characterized and the location and structural requirements of the recognition domains were identified by site-dir... |
1309596 | Purification of core-binding factor, a protein that binds the conserved core site in murine leukemia virus enhancers. | The Moloney murine leukemia virus causes thymic leukemias when injected into newborn mice. A major genetic determinant of the thymic disease specificity of the Moloney virus genetically maps to two protein binding sites in the Moloney virus enhancer, the leukemia virus factor b site and the adjacent core site. Point mu... |
1729596 | Characterization and primary structure of the poly(C)-binding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex K protein. | At least 20 major proteins make up the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) in mammalian cells. Many of these proteins have distinct RNA-binding specificities. The abundant, acidic heterogeneous nuclear RNP (hnRNP) K and J proteins (66 and 64 kDa, respectively, by sodium dodecyl sulfat... |
1729284 | Marfan syndrome: defective synthesis, secretion, and extracellular matrix formation of fibrillin by cultured dermal fibroblasts. | We studied the synthesis, secretion, and aggregation into the extracellular matrix of fibrillin by dermal fibroblasts from 26 probands with the Marfan syndrome. Cells from seven probands synthesized approximately half the normal amount of fibrillin when compared with intrafamilial or unrelated controls. Cells from an a... |
1729272 | Effects of chain length on the immunogenicity in rabbits of group B Streptococcus type III oligosaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugates. | One method to improve the immunogenicity of polysaccharide antigens is the covalent coupling of the native polysaccharide or a derivative oligosaccharide to a carrier protein. In general, T cell-dependent properties are enhanced in conjugates of smaller saccharides, but a conformational epitope of the native polysaccha... |
1729266 | Macrophage functions are regulated by murine decidual and tumor extracellular matrices. | Because of their paternal antigens, the fetus and placenta may be considered an allograft in the maternal host. Understanding the mechanisms which prevent maternal immunological rejection of the fetus remains a fundamental unsolved problem in immunology. We have previously reported that macrophages are inhibited by mat... |
1309523 | Iron uptake and molecular recognition in Pseudomonas putida: receptor mapping with ferrichrome and its biomimetic analogs. | The presence of an Fe(3+)-ferrichrome uptake system in fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. was demonstrated, and its structural requirements were mapped in Pseudomonas putida with the help of biomimetic ferrichrome analogs. Growth tests, 55Fe3+ uptake, and competition experiments demonstrated that the synthetic L-alanine deri... |
1729212 | The CobII and CobIII regions of the cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthetic operon of Salmonella typhimurium. | A detailed deletion map of the CobII and CobIII regions of the cobalamin biosynthetic (cob) operon of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 has been constructed. The CobII region encodes functions needed for the synthesis of lower ligand 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB); CobIII encodes functions needed for the synthesis of the nuc... |
27320987 | Quantitative Analysis by X-Ray Diffraction of the Inclusion Complex Formed by d-Limonene in a β-Cyclodextrin/Maltodextrin Mixed Powder. | The level of the inclusion complex between β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and d-Limonene in a pure β-CD and β-CD/maltodextrin mixed powder was measured by X-ray diffraction. The relative integral intensity at 2θ=5-7° and 11-12° correlated well with the molar fraction of d-Limonene to the total moles of β-CD and the maltodextrin... |
21390720 | Production and Purification of Hybrid Ty-VLPs. | The self-assembly properties of a protein encoded by the TYA gene of the yeast Ty element can be exploited to produce hybrid Ty-VLPs (virus-like particles) (1,2). There has been developed a series of expression vectors that allow the construction of Ty fusion genes containing protein coding sequences of interest (see C... |
18621222 | Fine structure of the chorion of Manduca sexta and Sesamía nonagrioides as revealed by scanning electron microscopy and freeze-fracturing. | The fine structure of Manduca sexta and Sesamia nonagrioides chorion was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and freeze-fracturing. In both species the mature chorion exhibits a complex ultrastructure on its outer surface, with a large number of aeropyles forming polygonal arrays. The micropyle is surrounded b... |
18475486 | Study on the pathogenesis of pathophysiological changes of burn systemic infection. | The present prospective study showed that incidence of systemic infection in severe burn patients was 30.9%. Toxic shock and multiple organ failure (MOF) developed in all patients with uncontrolled systemic infection. Both morbidity and mortality of MOF were 76.5%. In the infection group, plasma TXB(2) and TXB(2)/6-ket... |
18475440 | Endotoxin and cytokines in patients with gastrointestinal tract perforation. | Plasma levels of endotoxin and various cytokines were assessed in 70 patients with gastrointestinal tract perforation. Sepsis developed in 29 of them, and eight of these (27.6%) had on admission endotoxin levels higher than 9.8 pg ml(-1). The clinical outcome correlated with the level of tumour necrosis factor alpha (T... |
1727497 | Analysis of mutations in the V3 domain of gp160 that affect fusion and infectivity. | The third hypervariable (V3) domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein has been proposed to play an important role in mediating viral entry. Antibodies to the V3 domain block HIV-1 infection but not virus binding to CD4. At the center of the V3 domain is a relatively conserved sequ... |
1530772 | Functional changes in temperature-sensitive mutants of the adenovirus single-stranded DNA-binding protein are accompanied by structural alterations. | Adenovirus requires the virus-encoded single-stranded DNA-binding protein (DBP) to replicate its DNA. We have previously shown (M. Tsuji, P. C. van der Vliet, and G. R. Kitchingman, J. Biol. Chem. 266:16178-16187, 1991) that the inability of three temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant DBPs (Ad2+ ND1ts23, Ad2ts111A, and Ad5... |
1370091 | Comparative analysis of core amino acid residues of H-2D(b)-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte recognition epitopes in simian virus 40 T antigen. | Simian virus 40 (SV40) tumor (T) antigen expressed in H-2b SV40-transformed cells induces the generation of Lyt-2+ (CD8+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), which are involved in tumor rejection, in syngeneic mice. Five CTL recognition sites on T antigen have been described by using mutant T antigens. Four of the sites (I,... |
1727487 | Virions of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates resistant to soluble CD4 (sCD4) neutralization differ in sCD4 binding and glycoprotein gp120 retention from sCD4-sensitive isolates. | Primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are much less sensitive to neutralization by soluble CD4 (sCD4) and sCD4-immunoglobulin (Ig) chimeras (CD4-IgG) than are HIV-1 strains adapted to growth in cell culture. We demonstrated that there are significant reductions (10- to 30-fold) in the binding ... |
7927135 | Systematic management of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). | Patients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) develop multiple organ failure (MOF), so systematic management is needed. First, patients should be kept in a clean room. Antibiotics, anti-fungal drugs and gamma-globulins are essential for the prevention and treatment of infections. If patients are hypoxic for the nasal ... |
7917416 | Macromolecular crowding and molecular recognition. | The effects of macromolecular crowding upon macromolecular associations in solution, and upon binding of a macromolecular ligand to a surface site, are reviewed. It is demonstrated, by means of two examples, that crowding may lead to significant alterations of biochemical or biological recognition processes at the mole... |
7522489 | Analysis of molecular recognition: steric electrostatic and hydrophobic complementarity. | We discuss three important aspects of molecular recognition: steric, electrostatic and hydrophobic. Steric fit means that interacting atoms may not approach each other beyond their van der Waals radii and, simultaneously, crevices should be filled as densely as possible. Electrostatic fit requires the maximum ionic and... |
7917415 | Immobilized enzymes as tools for the demonstration of metabolon formation. A short overview. | In recent years it has become clear that a cell cannot be visualized as a 'bag' filled with enzymes dissolved in bulk water. The aqueous-phase properties in the interior of a cell are, indeed, essentially different from those of an ordinary aqueous solution. Large amounts of water are believed to be organized in layers... |
7917414 | From crystals to enzymes: simple models of molecular recognition. | Structural models resulting from the x-ray crystal structure determination of small molecules are shown to be closely mimicking some of the protein structure and function features. Crystals of inclusion compounds, a special type of solid molecular associates, lend special support to such a view. They are inherently sui... |
7917413 | Temporal analysis of metabolic systems and its application to metabolite channelling. | When a metabolic system undergoes a transition between steady states, the lag or transition time of the system is determined by the aggregated lifetimes of the metabolite pools. This allows the transition time, and hence the temporal responsiveness of the system, to be estimated from a knowledge of the starting and fin... |
7917412 | Glycolytic enzyme-tubulin interactions: role of tubulin carboxy terminals. | Tubulin and microtubules were modified with the protease, subtilisin. The modification reduced the length of alpha- or beta-tubulin by cleaving a peptide fragment from the C-terminals. Generation of alpha'beta'-tubulin, which is cleaved at both the alpha- and beta-subunit terminals, and alpha beta'-tubulin, which is cl... |
7917411 | Enzymology in vivo using NMR and molecular genetics. | Models of metabolic flux regulation are frequently based on an extrapolation of the kinetic properties of enzymes measured in vitro to the intact cell. Such an extrapolation assumes a detailed knowledge of the intracellular environment of these enzymes in terms of their free substrate and effector concentrations and po... |
7917410 | Influence of fractal kinetics on molecular recognition. | Molecular recognition is a central issue for nearly every biological mechanism. The analysis of molecular recognition to date has been conducted within the framework of classical chemical kinetics, in which the kinetic orders of a reaction have positive integer values. However, recent theoretical and experimental advan... |
8167406 | Calcineurin is associated with the cytoskeleton of cultured neurons and has a role in the acquisition of polarity. | Calcineurin is a calmodulin-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase found in many cell types but most abundant in neurons. To determine its localization in developing neurons, dissociated cultures from embryonic day 15 rat cerebellum were analyzed immunocytochemically after treatment with cytoskeletal-disrupting drugs. ... |
7908969 | Comparative study on inclusion complexation of maltosyl-beta-cyclodextrin, heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin and beta-cyclodextrin with fucosterol in aqueous and solid state. | The complexation of fucosterol with three kinds of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD) was investigated in aqueous solution and in the solid state. The solubility of fucosterol increased significantly on its complexation with maltosyl-beta-CyD and heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-CyD (DM-beta-CyD), while no appreciable increase... |
7512045 | The effect of angiostatic steroids and beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate on corneal neovascularization in the rat. | Folkman and coworkers have described angiostatic steroids that markedly inhibit neovascularization of the rabbit cornea when given topically with beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate (beta-CD), yet have minimal or no glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid activity. Our objective was to extend these observations to another s... |
8148491 | The role of endotoxin immunity, neutrophil degranulation and contact activation in the pathogenesis of post-operative organ dysfunction. | Gut mucosal hypoperfusion is associated with a poor outcome following major surgery but the pathogenetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have examined the relationship between gut mucosal hypoperfusion, endotoxin core antibodies (EndoCAb), neutrophil elastase alpha-1 antitrypsin complexes (NE) and components of... |
8143293 | Substrate recognition by amyloglucosidase: evaluation of conformationally biased isomaltosides. | Amyloglucosidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of methyl beta-maltoside (1) 30-50 times more rapidly than methyl alpha-isomaltoside (2). It is established that OH-6', OH-4', and OH-4 which are involved in key polar interactions with the enzyme in the case of isomaltoside. Conformational analyses based on HSEA calculations i... |
8139451 | Relaxometry, animal biodistribution, and magnetic resonance imaging studies of some new gadolinium (III) macrocyclic phosphinate and phosphonate monoester complexes. | The Gd3+ complexes of three new phosphorus containing tetraaza macrocycles (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrakis (methylene ethylphosphonic acid), H4DOTEP; 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrakis (methylene phosphonic acid monoethylester), H4DOTPME; and the corresponding n-butyl ester, H4DOTPMB) we... |
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