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1546966 | Design of two chimaeric human-rat class alpha glutathione transferases for probing the contribution of C-terminal segments of protein structure to the catalytic properties. | Two chimaeric human-rat class Alpha glutathione transferases were constructed by fusion of DNA segments derived from the plasmids pTGT2-AT and pGTB38 and expression of the corresponding proteins in Escherichia coli. The recombinant proteins H1R1/1 and H1R1/2 encoded by plasmids pH1R1/1 and pH1R1/2 are composed of a seg... |
1546955 | O-glycosylation in Aspergillus glucoamylase. Conformation and role in binding. | Functional peptides have been produced by proteolysis of glucoamylase (glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase; EC 3.2.1.3) from Aspergillus niger and purified by affinity chromatography, gel filtration and two ion-exchange-chromatography steps. The peptides correspond to residues 499-616 and 509-616 of the original glucoamylase ... |
1545826 | Differential expression of oocyte-type class III genes with fraction TFIIIC from immature or mature oocytes. | The Xenopus OAX genes can be expressed in oocytes but are virtually inactive in somatic tissues. The tRNA(Met1) (tMET) genes also appear to be developmentally regulated. We have examined the reason for the differential expression of these class III genes. Analysis of the transcriptional activities of extracts derived f... |
1545809 | Embryonal long terminal repeat-binding protein is a murine homolog of FTZ-F1, a member of the steroid receptor superfamily. | The embryonal long terminal repeat-binding protein, ELP, is present in undifferentiated mouse embryonal carcinoma cells. It binds to and suppresses transcription of the Moloney leukemia virus long terminal repeat in undifferentiated murine embryonal carcinoma cells. We report here that ELP is a mouse homolog of Drosoph... |
1372043 | Expression of tenascin in the developing and adult cerebellar cortex. | Since tenascin may influence neuronal cell development, we studied its expression pattern using immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, Northern blot analysis, and immunochemistry in the developing and adult mouse cerebellar cortex. Tenascin immunoreactivity was detectable in all layers of the developing cerebellar... |
1544897 | Molecular characterization of the MalT-dependent periplasmic alpha-amylase of Escherichia coli encoded by malS. | malS, the gene encoding the periplasmic alpha-amylase, is under the regulatory control of the MalT protein, the gene activator of the Escherichia coli maltose system. We sequenced the DNA region encoding malS and its control elements. malS consists of an open reading frame of 2,028 base pairs encoding a protein of 676 ... |
1542645 | A streptavidin-metallothionein chimera that allows specific labeling of biological materials with many different heavy metal ions. | We have designed a streptavidin-metallothionein chimeric protein in which the streptavidin moiety provides a means of binding the metallothionein moiety tightly to specific biological targets. A gene fusion of streptavidin with mouse metallothionein I was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli, and the expressed chi... |
1347297 | Genetic linkage of type VII collagen (COL7A1) to dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa in families with abnormal anchoring fibrils. | Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) in a group of genodermatoses characterized by the fragility of skin. Previous studies on the dystrophic (scarring) forms of EB have suggested abnormalities in anchoring fibrils, morphologically recognizable attachment structures that provide stability to the association of the cutaneous basem... |
1311714 | Human fat cells possess a plasma membrane-bound H2O2-generating system that is activated by insulin via a mechanism bypassing the receptor kinase. | Insulin caused a transient increase in H2O2 accumulation in human fat cell suspensions that was observed only in the presence of an inhibitor of catalase and heme-containing peroxidases, such as azide, and reached peak levels of 30 microM within 5 min. The cells contained a plasma membrane-bound NADPH oxidase, producin... |
1541637 | Microinjection of biotin-tubulin into anaphase cells induces transient elongation of kinetochore microtubules and reversal of chromosome-to-pole motion. | During prometaphase and metaphase of mitosis, tubulin subunit incorporation into kinetochore microtubules occurs proximal to the kinetochore, at the plus-ends of kinetochore microtubules. During anaphase, subunit loss from kinetochore fiber microtubules is also thought to occur mainly from microtubule plus-ends, proxim... |
1541630 | NuMA: an unusually long coiled-coil related protein in the mammalian nucleus. | A bank of 892 autoimmune sera was screened by indirect immunofluorescence on mammalian cells. Six sera were identified that recognize an antigen(s) with a cell cycle-dependent localization pattern. In interphase cells, the antibodies stained the nucleus and in mitotic cells the spindle apparatus was recognized. Immunol... |
1371766 | Colonization factor antigen CFA/IV (PCF8775) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: nucleotide sequence of the CS5 determinant. | Human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates expressing the colonization factor antigen CFA/IV (previously designated PCF8775) produce plasmid-encoded CS5 fimbriae. The nucleotide sequence of the region encoding the major CS5 fimbrial subunit was determined. The subunit is synthesized as a precursor of 203 amino aci... |
1347287 | Fimbriation, capsulation, and iron-scavenging systems of Klebsiella strains associated with human urinary tract infection. | Thirty-two strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and seven strains of Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from urinary tract infections in elderly adults were analyzed for capsular antigens, iron-scavenging systems, and fimbriation. All strains were capsulated. Twenty-seven different K antigens were identified among the strains, wi... |
1538604 | Superoxide dismutase and catalase in an experimental model of multiple organ failure. | Multiple organ failure (MOF) can be induced by sterile intraperitoneal injection of zymosan in the rat. This results in a typical triphasic illness with maximal clinical signs at Days 2 and 12. In this model, superoxide production and lipid peroxidation closely correlate with the triphasic clinical illness. In the pres... |
1537873 | Copolymerization of normal type I collagen with three mutated type I collagens containing substitutions of cysteine at different glycine positions in the alpha 1 (I) chain. | Previous observations with type I collagen from a proband with lethal osteogenesis imperfecta demonstrated that type I collagen containing a substitution of cysteine for glycine alpha 1-748 copolymerized with normal type I collagen (Kadler, K. E., Torre-Blanco, A., Adachi, E., Vogel, B. E., Hojima, Y., and Prockop, D. ... |
1311298 | Nucleotide sequence of the Staphylococcus aureus gyrB-gyrA locus encoding the DNA gyrase A and B proteins. | We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a 5.3-kb segment of the Staphylococcus aureus chromosome that includes the gyrA and gyrB genes coding for both subunits of DNA gyrase, the enzyme that catalyzes ATP-dependent DNA supercoiling. The gene order at this locus, dnaA-dnaN-recF-gyrB-gyrA, is similar to that found ... |
1311295 | Molecular analysis of the signaling pathway between EnvZ and OmpR in Escherichia coli. | OmpR is a DNA-binding protein that regulates transcription of ompF and ompC. The activity of OmpR is controlled by the inner membrane osmosensor, EnvZ. In order to study the signaling process between EnvZ and OmpR, we analyzed two different envZ strains: the envZ473 strain, in which OmpC is constitutively produced and ... |
1740665 | Genetic analysis of self-associating immunoglobulin G rheumatoid factors from two rheumatoid synovia implicates an antigen-driven response. | Although much has been learned about the molecular basis of immunoglobulin M (IgM) rheumatoid factors (RFs) in healthy individuals and in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and rheumatoid arthritis, little is known about the genetic origins of the potentially pathogenic IgG RFs in the inflamed rheumatoid synovia of p... |
1740663 | Induction of monocytic differentiation and NF-kappa B-like activities by human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection of myelomonoblastic cells. | The effects of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection on cellular differentiation and NF-kappa B DNA binding activity have been investigated in a new model of myeloid differentiation. PLB-985 cells represent a bipotential myelomonoblastic cell population capable of either granulocytic or monocytic differentia... |
1740474 | The plus ends of stable microtubules are the exclusive nucleating structures for microtubules in the axon. | Microtubules (MTs) in the axon have a uniform polarity orientation that is recapitulated during recovery from episodes of MT depolymerization (Heidemann, S. R., M. A. Hamborg, S. J. Thomas, B. Song, S. Lindley, and D. Chu. 1984. J. Cell Biol. 99:1289-1295). This tight regulation of their organization indicates that axo... |
1736526 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein: differential CD4 interactions of soluble gp120 versus the assembled envelope complex. | Utilizing a recombinant vaccinia expression system, we investigated the biological properties and CD4 receptor interactions of the envelope glycoproteins of a noncytopathic human immunodeficiency virus type 2 strain, termed HIV-2/ST, and a highly cytopathic variant derived from it. The efficiency and host cell range of... |
18965364 | Enhanced separation of trivalent lanthanoids by solvent extraction with 18-crown-6 and EDTA complexonate. | The selectivities during solvent extraction of lanthanoids with macrocycles can be modified with complexonates in the aqueous phase. In the case of solvent extraction of lanthanoids with 18-crown-6 and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), addition of EDTA to the aqueous phase enhances the selectivities of lanthanoids by 3-7 tim... |
1280636 | Cytochemical localisation and characterisation of proteoglycans (glycosaminoglycans) in the epithelial-stromal interface of the seminal vesicle of the guinea pig. | The proteoglycans (PGs) in the guinea pig seminal vesicle were demonstrated ultrastructurally by both cuprolinic blue (CB) and ruthenium red (RR) staining. The PGs appeared as electron-dense granules with RR, but were filamentous following CB staining using the critical electrolyte concentration method. Three major typ... |
1327549 | [The changes in serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and their relationships to pulmonary failure in experimental model of multiple organ failure]. | The correlation of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE), PaO2 and pulmonary coefficient in rabbit model of multiple system organ failure (MOF). 16 rabbits were fed E coli (0.5-3.0 x 10(11)/kg B.W.) by gastrogavage, were induced hemorrhagic shock (5.33 kPa arterial pressure for an hour) and were rapidly reinfused ... |
1352820 | Inhibitory effect of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin on crystal-growth of nifedipine during storage: superior dissolution and oral bioavailability compared with polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30. | To prevent the crystal-growth of nifedipine during storage, 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CyD) was employed as a hydrophilic drug carrier and compared with polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 (PVP). Amorphous nifedipine powders were prepared by spray-drying with HP-beta-CyD or PVP, and their crystal-growing behaviou... |
1352811 | Improved transdermal delivery of prostaglandin E1 through hairless mouse skin: combined use of carboxymethyl-ethyl-beta-cyclodextrin and penetration enhancers. | The optimal prescription of transdermal preparations of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) for treatment of peripheral vascular diseases has been investigated. The chemical stability of PGE1 in fatty alcohol/propylene glycol (FAPG) ointment was markedly improved by carboxymethyl-ethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CME-beta-CyD). Application... |
1629275 | Determination of cicletanine enantiomers in plasma by high-performance capillary electrophoresis. | A sensitive and selective high-performance capillary electrophoresis procedure was developed for the determination of S(+) and R(-) enantiomers of cicletanine in human plasma. The procedure consisted in extraction of the drug with diethyl ether and analysis by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography in a fused... |
1368300 | Galactosylation at side chains of branched cyclodextrins by various beta-galactosidases. | The galactosyl transfer reaction to branched cyclodextrins (CDs) was investigated using lactose as a donor substrate and branched CDs as acceptors by various beta-galactosidases. Bacillus circulans beta-galactosidase synthesized galactosyl transfer products to branched CDs, of which the galactose residues were linked a... |
1621968 | Microanalysis of beta-cyclodextrin and glucosyl-beta-cyclodextrin in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. | High-performance liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection was applied to the determination of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and glucosyl (G)-beta-CD in human plasma. They were well resolved from each other and from background components of plasma on a polymer-based reversed-phase column with 0.6% acetonit... |
1616129 | Empirical procedure that uses molecular structure to predict enantioselectivity of chiral stationary phases. | A total of 121 racemic compounds were separated in the normal-phase mode on a (S)-(1-naphthylethyl)carbamoylated beta-cyclodextrin (S-NEC-beta-CD) bonded phase and 74 on the R equivalent (R-NEC) chiral stationary phase (CSP). All compounds are of the type that have four substituents on a stereogenic center, rather than... |
1613483 | Hemisodium, a novel selective Na ionophore. Effect on normal human erythrocytes. | Hemisodium is a novel Na ionophore that belongs to the class of compounds called cryptands. These compounds possess an electron-rich cavity for binding of cations and are conformationally organized during synthesis to favor the selective binding of one cation over another. In media containing 145 mM NaCl and 5 mM KCl, ... |
1605615 | Effect of cyclodextrin on the pharmacology of antifungal oral azoles. | Concentrations of oral azoles in serum were compared in a single-dose pharmacologic study in mice. When hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was used as a carrier and compared with a standard carrier, polyethylene glycol, drug concentrations determined by bioassay showed that the peak concentration and area under the concen... |
1605597 | Augmentation of the antibacterial activity of magainin by positive-charge chain extension. | Novel analogs of the broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide magainin-2 were obtained by extension of its chain through addition of segments of positively charged amino acids to either its N or its C terminus and by increasing its helicity. The activity of magainin-2 toward American Type Culture Collection strains of Esch... |
1601676 | Investigations of N-linked macrocycles for 111In and 90Y labeling of proteins. | To simplify the synthesis of macrocyclic chelators, commercially available macrocyclic amines were condensed with halogenated acetic acid to prepare the five chelators 12N4 (DOTA), 14N4 (TETA), 15N4, 9N3 and 12N3. Only 12N4 and 9N3 showed efficient labeling of the free chelator with 111In and 90Y. Serum stability studi... |
1583536 | A prediction of the three-dimensional structure of maize NADP(+)-dependent malate dehydrogenase which explains aspects of light-dependent regulation unique to plant enzymes. | A model has been built for the plant NADP-malate dehydrogenase from Zea mays, a key enzyme in photosynthesis, which undergoes light-dependent regulation. The model was based on sequence and presumed structural homology to the known three-dimensional structure of mammalian porcine cytosolic NAD-malate dehydrogenase. A c... |
1315217 | Comparative analysis of the effects of synthetic derivatives of batrachotoxin on sodium currents in frog node of Ranvier. | 1. In voltage-clamp experiments on frog myelinated nerve fibers, the effects of nine synthetic derivatives of batrachotoxin (BTX) obtained from 7,8-dihydrobatrachotoxinin A (DBTX-A) on Na+ currents (INa) have been investigated. 2. Both of 20 alpha-esters of DBTX-A with 2,4,5-trimethylpyrrol-3-carboxylic acid (DBTX-P) a... |
1561653 | Effect of flunarizine on electroencephalogram recovery and brain temperature in gerbils after brain ischemia. | <h4>Background and purpose</h4>This study was designed to determine whether flunarizine enhances the rate of brain recovery as measured by electroencephalography after cerebral ischemia and whether these effects are attributable to changes in brain temperature.<h4>Methods</h4>Male gerbils (n = 81) were treated with eit... |
1559553 | Investigation of lens glycolytic enzymes: species distribution and interaction with supramolecular order. | Distribution of several glycolytic enzymes in the lenses of different vertebrate species and their organization in the calf lenses were studied. Though no general pattern of enzyme activities in different species is discernible, high activities of TPI followed, in decreasing order, by GAPDH, enolase, PK, LDH and aldola... |
1558670 | A prospective clinical study on the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in severely burned patients. | This study has shown that multiple organ failure (MOF) is one of the major causes of death in patients with severe burns. Both the plasma and visceral levels of TXB2 and the TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha ratio were significantly increased. The changed plasma levels of TXB2 and the TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha ratio paralleled the d... |
1558669 | Clinical studies on postburn multiple organ failure: its aetiological factors and monitoring. | This study demonstrated that multiple organ failure (MOF) developed in 16 of 57 severely burned patients (28.1 per cent). When expressed as a percentage of the 590 patients admitted during the same period, the incidence became 2.7 per cent. Fifteen of the 16 MOF cases died, with a mortality of 93.8 per cent. In those p... |
1372732 | The influence of sucrose, dextran, and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin as lyoprotectants for a freeze-dried mouse IgG2a monoclonal antibody (MN12). | The influence of lyophilization on the stability of a monoclonal antibody (MN12) was investigated. MN12 was freeze-dried in different formulations [without lyoprotectant or in the presence of sucrose, dextran, or hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP beta CD)] and under varying conditions (with or without secondary dryin... |
1553349 | Bioavailability of leuprolide acetate following nasal and inhalation delivery to rats and healthy humans. | Systemic delivery of leuprolide acetate, a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist, was compared after inhalation (i.h.) and intranasal (i.n.) administration. The i.n. bioavailability in rats was significantly increased by alpha-cyclodextrin (CD), EDTA, and solution volume. Intraanimal variability was 30-6... |
1551241 | Systemic phospholipase A2 and cachectin levels in adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple-organ failure. | In this clinical study we have prospectively measured plasma phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels in ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients with (n = 9) and without (n = 12) evidence of respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple-organ failure (MOF). The median peak TNF c... |
1312865 | Synthetic lipid-anchored receptors based on the binding site of a monoclonal antibody. | Highly specific ligand receptor interactions generally characterize molecular recognition at cell surfaces and other biological systems. In this study we simulate a membrane receptor by fusing a monoclonal antibody fragment to a phospholipid. A sulfhydryl group in the hinge region of a monoclonal antibody fragment, was... |
1532314 | Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus circulans E 192. I. Purification and characterization of the enzyme. | The cyclomaltrodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) [1,4-alpha-D-glucan:4-alpha-D-(1,4-alpha-D-glucano)-transferase (cyclizing), EC 2.4.1.19] from Bacillus circulans E 192 has been purified to homogeneity by Cetavlon treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE Trisacryl M chromatography, Q Fast Flow chromatography, ... |
1544437 | A ribosomal protein is specifically recognized by saporin, a plant toxin which inhibits protein synthesis. | Many plants express enzymes which specifically remove an adenine residue from the skeleton of the 28 S RNA in the major subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome (ribosome inactivating proteins, RIPs). The site of action of RIPs (A4324 in the rRNA from rat liver) is in a loop structure whose nucleotide sequence all around the... |
1541393 | A cytogenetic and genetic characterization of a group of closely linked second chromosome mutations that suppress position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster. | Characterization of a group of dominant second chromosome suppressor of position-effect variegation (PEV) (Su(var)) mutants has revealed a variety of interesting properties, including: maternal-effect suppression of PEV, homozygous lethality or semilethality and male-specific hemizygous lethality, female infecundity, a... |
1540648 | X-ray absorption spectroscopy of carbonyl basket handle Fe(II) porphyrins: the distortion of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle. | The distortion of the tetrapyrrolic macrocycle, the Fe-C-O bond angle and the Fe local electronic structure of carbonyl basket-handle Fe2+ porphyrins as a function of the basket-handle chain length have been studied by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, both in the solid state and in toluene sol... |
1311606 | The interaction of methanol dehydrogenase and its electron acceptor, cytochrome cL in methylotrophic bacteria. | The interactions of methanol dehydrogenase (MDH, EC1.1.99.8) with its specific electron acceptor cytochrome cL has been investigated in Methylobacterium extorquens and Methylophilus methylotrophus. The MDHs of these two very different methylotrophs have the same alpha 2 beta 2 structure; the interaction of these MDHs w... |
1536861 | Characteristics of the binding of human and bovine high-density lipoproteins by bloodstream forms of the African trypanosome, Trypanosoma brucei brucei. | Bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei are unable to synthesize cholesterol but appear to bind and take up plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDL) from their host. Whether cholesterol homeostasis of this unicellular parasite also requires interactions with host high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles is unknown.... |
1536817 | Effects of ethanol and phenobarbital treatments on the pharmacokinetics of toluene in rats. | Rats were exposed to toluene at a wide range of concentrations from 50 to 4000 ppm for six hours, and the effects of ethanol and phenobarbital (PB) treatments on the pharmacokinetics of toluene metabolism were investigated. Ethanol treatment influenced toluene metabolism mainly at low exposure concentrations. Thus etha... |
1741386 | Resistance of primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to neutralization by soluble CD4 is not due to lower affinity with the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120. | Recombinant soluble CD4 (rsCD4) has potent antiviral activity against cell line-adapted isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) but low activity toward HIV-1 primary isolates from patients. A simple hypothesis proposed to explain this discrepancy, which questions the therapeutic utility of soluble C... |
1740191 | The role of proteolytic processing in the morphogenesis of virus particles. | Proteinases are encoded by many RNA viruses, all retroviruses and several DNA viruses. They play essential roles at various stages in viral replication, including the coordinated assembly and maturation of virions. Most of these enzymes belong to one of three (Ser, Cys or Asp) of the four major classes of proteinases, ... |
1740151 | 6-Deoxyerythronolide-B synthase 2 from Saccharopolyspora erythraea. Cloning of the structural gene, sequence analysis and inferred domain structure of the multifunctional enzyme. | Sequencing of the eryA region of the erythromycin biosynthetic gene cluster from Saccharopolyspora erythraea has revealed another structural gene (ORF B), in addition to the previously characterised ORF A, which appears to encode a component of 6-deoxyerythronolide-B synthase, the enzyme that catalyses the first stage ... |
1740145 | A supramolecular light-harvesting complex from chloroplast photosystem-II membranes. | In this study, we report on the composition of a photosystem-II antenna preparation which contains three chlorophyll-a/b proteins (CP), CP29, CP24 and light-harvesting complex (LHC) II obtained from Zea mays grana membranes as previously described [Dainese, P. & Bassi, R. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 8136-8142]. We demon... |
1739128 | Accumulation of alpha B-crystallin in central nervous system glia and neurons in pathologic conditions. | Alpha B-crystallin, a major protein of the vertebrate lens, is found in the central nervous system (CNS) and is a major protein component of Rosenthal fibers (RF), intracytoplasmic inclusions within astrocytes. Its level of expression in the normal CNS is low and appears to be confined to glial cells, both astrocytes a... |
1737856 | Congenital erythropoietic porphyria: identification and expression of exonic mutations in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene. | Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), an inborn error of heme biosynthesis, results from the deficient activity of uroporphyrinogen III synthase (URO-synthase). This autosomal recessive disorder is heterogeneous; patients with severe disease are often transfusion dependent, while milder patients primarily have cut... |
1737353 | Development of humoral immune responses against a macrocyclic chelating agent (DOTA) in cancer patients receiving radioimmunoconjugates for imaging and therapy. | The development of stable immunoconjugates by the advent of macrocyclic metal chelating agents (DOTA) has enabled us to study the ability of 111In-DOTA-labeled monoclonal antibodies to detect tumor lesions in a pilot radioimmunolocalization study, as well as to evaluate the kinetics, toxicity, and efficacy of i.p. admi... |
1737044 | Effect of thermoinduced changes in T4 bacteriophage structure on the process of molecular recognition of 'host' cells. | By means of high-precision acoustic measurements and by methods of fluorescent and electron microscopy, investigations have been performed of thermoinduced conformational changes in T4 bacteriophage and its thermolabile mutants altered in baseplate proteins (gene products 7, 8, 10). A relationship was found between the... |
1310577 | Tissue distribution and antifungal effect of liposomal itraconazole in experimental cryptococcosis and pulmonary aspergillosis. | We studied the tissue distribution and in vivo antifungal effect of itraconazole, incorporated into pure dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) multilamellar liposomes and administered intravenously. Eighty percent of the itraconazole was associated with DPPC. Drug levels in lung, brain, and liver, obtained after intrav... |
1735727 | Characterization and comparison of Clostridium cellulovorans endoglucanases-xylanases EngB and EngD hyperexpressed in Escherichia coli. | By the use of a T7 expression system, endoglucanases-xylanases EngB and EngD from Clostridium cellulovorans were hyperexpressed and purified from Escherichia coli. The two enzymes demonstrated both endoglucanase and xylanase activities. The substrate specificities of both endoglucanases were similar except that EngD ha... |
1735248 | Adult respiratory distress syndrome. Sequence and importance of development of multiple organ failure. The Prostaglandin E1 Study Group. | <h4>Study objective</h4>To determine the epidemiology of multiple organ failure (MOF) in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome.<h4>Patients</h4>We followed up 50 patients with serial determinations of respiratory and nonrespiratory organ function for seven days after diagnosis.<h4>Design</h4>Data were s... |
1733961 | Temperature-induced post-translational over-modification of type I procollagen. Effects of over-modification of the protein on the rate of cleavage by procollagen N-proteinase and on self-assembly of collagen into fibrils. | Previous observations suggested that incubating fibroblasts at elevated temperature caused over-modification of type I procollagen by post-translational enzymes because of a delay in folding of the collagen triple helix. Here, human skin fibroblasts were incubated at 40.5 instead of 37 degrees C, and the type I procoll... |
1732749 | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes and proteins in Drosophila melanogaster. | Pre-mRNAs cotranscriptionally associate with a small group of proteins to form heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes. We have previously identified two genes in Drosophila melanogaster, Hrb98DE and Hrb87F (i.e., genes at 98DE and 87F encoding putative hnRNA binding proteins), which encode five prote... |
1732736 | Sequential expression of multiple POU proteins during amphibian early development. | The octamer motif is a common cis-acting regulatory element that functions in the transcriptional control regions of diverse genes and in viral origins of replication. The ability of a consensus octamer motif to stimulate transcription of a histone H2B promoter in frog oocytes suggests that oocytes contain a transcript... |
1370711 | Point mutations in the abl SH2 domain coordinately impair phosphotyrosine binding in vitro and transforming activity in vivo. | We have constructed a series of point mutations in the highly conserved FLVRES motif of the src homology 2 (SH2) domain of the abl tyrosine kinase. Mutant SH2 domains were expressed in bacteria, and their ability to bind to tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins was examined in vitro. Three mutants were greatly reduced in th... |
1732733 | Conserved DNA binding and self-association domains of the Drosophila zeste protein. | The zeste gene product is involved in two types of genetic effects dependent on chromosome pairing: transvection and the zeste-white interaction. Comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence with that of the Drosophila virilis gene shows that several blocks of amino acid sequence have been very highly conserved. One... |
1346336 | The Oct-1 POU domain mediates interactions between Oct-1 and other POU proteins. | The POU domain is the conserved DNA binding domain of a family of gene regulatory proteins. It consists of a POU-specific domain and a POU homeodomain, connected by a variable linker region. Oct-1 is a ubiquitously expressed POU domain transcription factor. It binds to the canonical octamer sequence (ATGCAAAT) as a mon... |
1732727 | Segments of the POU domain influence one another's DNA-binding specificity. | The ubiquitously expressed mammalian POU-domain protein Oct-1 specifically recognizes two classes of cis-acting regulatory elements that bear little sequence similarity, the octamer motif ATGCAAAT and the TAATGARAT motif. The related pituitary-specific POU protein Pit-1 also recognizes these two motifs but, unlike Oct-... |
1370680 | Genetic modulation of antigen presentation by HLA-B27 molecules. | In studies of antigenic peptide presentation, we have found a healthy volunteer whose lymphoblastoid cells were unable to present three different virus-derived epitopes to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) despite expressing the correct restricting HLA-B27 molecules on the cell surface. B cell lines were established from o... |
1732230 | Constitutive sensory transduction mutations in the Bordetella pertussis bvgS gene. | The products of the bvgAS locus coordinately regulate expression of the Bordetella pertussis virulence regulon in response to environmental signals. Transcription of bvgAS-activated genes is nearly eliminated by several modulating conditions, including the presence of sulfate anion or nicotinic acid and growth at low t... |
1732195 | Biosynthesis of vitamin B12 in Pseudomonas denitrificans: the biosynthetic sequence from precorrin-6y to precorrin-8x is catalyzed by the cobL gene product. | A protein catalyzing methylation at C-5 and C-15 and decarboxylation of the acetic acid side chain at C-12 on precorrin-6y to yield precorrin-8x was purified to homogeneity from a recombinant strain of Pseudomonas denitrificans. It was sequenced at the N terminus and shown to be encoded by the cobL gene. |
1732194 | The final step in the biosynthesis of hydrogenobyrinic acid is catalyzed by the cobH gene product with precorrin-8x as the substrate. | The final enzymatic reaction in the conversion of precorrin-6x to hydrogenobyrinic acid by cell-free protein preparations from Pseudomonas denitrificans was shown to be inhibited by hydrogenobyrinic acid. Use was made of this property to prepare the last biosynthetic precursor of hydrogenobyrinic acid, named precorrin-... |
1732193 | Precorrin-6x reductase from Pseudomonas denitrificans: purification and characterization of the enzyme and identification of the structural gene. | Precorrin-6x reductase, which catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of precorrin-6x to a dihydro derivative named precorrin-6y, was purified 14,300-fold to homogeneity with an 8% yield from extracts of a recombinant strain of Pseudomonas denitrificans. Precorrin-6y was identified by fast atom bombardment-mass spectro... |
1731112 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gene structure and diversity in vivo and after cocultivation in vitro. | Nested-primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been applied to the molecular cloning of 4.6-kb half-genome fragments of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) taken directly from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of an individual with neurological symptoms of HIV-1 infection. In a similar manner, gp... |
1309910 | A cyclic AMP-responsive DNA-binding protein (CREB2) is a cellular transactivator of the bovine leukemia virus long terminal repeat. | To gain insight into the cellular regulation of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) trans activation, a lambda-gt11 cDNA library was constructed with mRNA isolated from a BLV-induced tumor and the recombinant proteins were screened with an oligonucleotide corresponding to the tax activation-responsive element (TAR). Two clones... |
1729132 | Mammalian vitreous humor contains networks of hyaluronan molecules: electron microscopic analysis using the hyaluronan-binding region (G1) of aggrecan and link protein. | Vitreous humor from human, bovine, and chicken eyes was analyzed by rotary shadowing to characterize further the supramolecular organization of the gel-like matrix which forms this tissue. Extensive filamentous networks, distinct from collagen fibrils, were found in both human and bovine vitreous but not in chicken vit... |
18600969 | New approach for selective separation of dilute products from simulated clostridial fermentation broths using cyclodextrins. | The ability of cyclodextrins (CD) to form crystalline insoluble complexes with organics was explored in this study in view of a selective separation of dilute products obtainable from three clostridial fermentation systems. To this purpose, a product or a product mixture at a concentration of 0.150 mM each were treated... |
11538008 | Characterization of photosystem 1 chlorophyll a/b-binding apoprotein accumulation in developing soybean using type-specific antibodies. | The structure and supramolecular assembly of the soybean photosystem 1 (PS 1) chlorophyll a/b-binding antenna (LHC 1) was examined. We identified the subunit composition of LHC 1 in soybean and followed the accumulation of individual subunits during light-induced assembly. We observed four LHC 1 subunits, at 23, 22, ... |
1344297 | Polymer-encapsulated PC12 cells: long-term survival and associated reduction in lesion-induced rotational behavior. | Intrastriatal implantation of a dopaminergic cell line surrounded by a permeable, thermoplastic membrane was investigated as a method of long-term dopamine (DA) delivery within the central nervous system (CNS). An increase in DA release from PC12 cell-loaded capsules maintained in vitro was associated with an increase ... |
1340485 | [Membrane binding and soluble lectins in higher organisms]. | Lectins defined as proteins other than enzymes and antibodies that possess binding sites for specific carbohydrate sequences, are associated with the cell surface, the cytoplasm, the nucleus, extracellular matrices and body fluids, and are involved in molecular recognition, trafficking of glycoproteins and tissue organ... |
1303017 | Investigation of antiischemic properties and mechanism of action of azacrown ether derivative. | The influence of the azacrown ether derivative benzylaza-15-crown-5 on myocardial tolerance to ischemia and on the functional state of the zone of myocardial ischemia during coronary artery occlusion was investigated in experiments on anaesthetized open-chest cats. The compound tested produced a dose-dependent antiisch... |
1302520 | [The mechanisms of the porphyrin conformation of normal blood hemoglobin and in pathology]. | The spectra of resonance Raman scattering of blood in norm and under pathology (myocardial infarction and sepsis), as well after artificial hemotransfusion or UV photomodification have been studied. It has been shown that under heart pathology the structure of hemoglobin porphyrin macrocycle of erythrocytes changes, th... |
1290927 | Substrate recognition by proteinases. | The molecular recognition of limited proteolytic site substrates by serine proteinases has been compared and contrasted to the recognition of serine proteinase inhibitors, utilising the coordinate sets contained in the Brookhaven Protein Databank. Most families of these inhibitors are known to possess a structurally co... |
1289992 | Molecular architecture of helicoidal proteinaceous eggshells. | I will not attempt to summarize this chapter, which is already a summary. I merely wish to point out that experimental and theoretical evidence to date clearly suggests that antiparallel beta-pleated sheet dictates self-assembly in helicoidal proteinaceous eggshells. Molecular details of this process have started to be... |
1287514 | Localization of elastic fibers and elastin mRNA in the uvea of chick embryo. | The distribution of elastic fibers and elastin mRNA was studied in the uvea of 19-day-old chick embryos by light and electron microscopy and in situ hybridization techniques using a 35S-labeled RNA probe. Light and electron microscopic examination revealed that elastic fibers were present in the uveal portion of the ci... |
1493204 | Do biomolecules process information differently than synthetic organic molecules? | This paper compares information/signal processing in synthetic and biological molecules. The role of conformation-based (shape-based) mechanisms and electrostatic interactions in molecular recognition is discussed. In biological electron transfer, the 'electron shuttle'-mediated mechanism is contrasted with the mechani... |
1493203 | Molecular computing for edge-enhanced laser imaging. | In order to illustrate the self-assembly capability, we consider a laser imaging experiment on a wet film that is made of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) molecules suspended in a diffusion-limited viscous medium. BR wet film is similar to a wet photograph film but having a finer resolution and adaptive pixel locations due to la... |
1452093 | The possibilities of changing the production of exocellular polysaccharides of a mutant Mycobacterium strain. | By second-step mutagenesis and treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine a mutant strain of Mycobacterium sp. V-649 producing a glucan extracellular polymer and another new streptomycin-resistant mutant were prepared. This mutant strain formed more than 100% first-rate (1.0-1.2%) exocellular polysaccharide. T... |
1450224 | Long-term biodistribution in tumored mice of murine and chimeric B72.3-IgG antibody radiolabeled with 114mIn via both DTPA and a macrocyclic chelator. | To assess the possibilities of using 114mIn as a therapeutic agent, the long-term biodistribution of 114mIn was studied, in tumor-bearing nude mice, after injection of labeled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) B72.3 IgG, either DTPA-coupled murine, DTPA-coupled chimeric, or macrocycle-coupled chimeric antibody. Although the b... |
1360248 | Stereochemical studies of chiral H-1 antagonists of histamine: the resolution, chiral analysis, and biological evaluation of four antipodal pairs. | The resolution of the H-1 antihistamines chloropheniramine, dimethindene, carbinoxamine, and mebrophenhydramine is described. The optical purity of antipodal products is investigated by chiral HPLC (use of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and beta-cyclodextrin columns) and NMR (spectra of beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes... |
1438461 | Improvement of clonazepam release from a Carbopol hydrogel. | The performance of Tween 80, Tween 60, oleic acid, oleyl alcohol and Azone as enhancers of clonazepam permeation from a Carbopol hydrogel through a cellulose nitrate membrane was investigated. The effect of incorporating methyl beta-cyclodextrin (DS 1.8) in combination with clonazepam as a solid phase into some vehicle... |
1437655 | Biodistribution of ellagic acid and dose-related inhibition of lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice. | Ellagic acid (EA), derived from fruit ellagitannins, is known to be antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic in various animal tumor models. In this study, EA at a dose of 4 g/kg diet inhibited multiplicity of tumors induced by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in A/J mice by 54%. This inhibition was dose ... |
1423664 | Colchicine-sensitive and colchicine-insensitive intermediate filament systems distinguished by a new intermediate filament-associated protein, IFAP-70/280 kD. | A monoclonal antibody was produced, using as antigen a BHK-21 cytoskeletal preparation enriched in intermediate filaments (IF) and their associated proteins. This antibody reacted exclusively with a reproducible set of 70-280 kD polypeptides present in minor quantities in this preparation, as detected by immunoblot ana... |
1418640 | Degradation of tauromustine (TCNU) in aqueous solutions. | The stability of tauromustine in buffered aqueous solutions was investigated over the pH range 0.9-7.5. The pH rate profile at zero buffer concentration has a specific acid catalytic region at pH below 2, a plateau of pH-independent degradation between pH 2 and 4, and shows a sharp increase in the degradation rate at p... |
1389964 | Resolution of terfenadine enantiomers by beta-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase high-performance liquid chromatography. | Enantiomers of terfenadine were resolved by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a chiral stationary phase (CSP) column packed with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) covalently bound to silica. Separation was achieved in both the reverse phase and normal phase modes. Resolution of enantiomers was confirmed by ... |
1389959 | Structural characteristics of cyclodextrins in the solid state. | A comparison of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins in the solid state is made. Monomeric features analyzed include orientations of primary hydroxyl groups and pyran ring pucker. Macromolecular features examined include planarity of the oligomer, tilting of pyran rings, and, deviation from Cn symmetry where n = numb... |
1388717 | Synthetic cyclodextrin derivatives inhibit HIV infection in vitro. | The AIDS pandemic has stimulated the search for safe potent antiviral agents. To date, only AZT has been approved as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of HIV infection. It is likely that a large number of antiviral compounds would be necessary to control a life-long infection. We have utilized the rigid structure o... |
1515048 | Improvement of oral bioavailability of fenbufen by cyclodextrin complexations. | The interactions of fenbufen (FB) with alpha-, beta-, gamma-cyclodextrins (CyDs) were studied in aqueous solution and in solid state. beta-CyD formed water soluble complex with FB in the molar ratio of 1:2 (guest:host). The solid complex of FB with alpha-CyD was obtained in the molar ratio of 1:2 (guest:host), while th... |
1512519 | Multiple organ failure in patients with fulminant hepatitis and in post-operative patients with liver cirrhosis. | Multiple organ failure (MOF) appeared during the course of nine cases with fulminant hepatitis, and it was compared with that of seven cirrhotic patients with post-operative hepatic failure. The number of organs failed was 4.9 and 3.6 on average in fulminant hepatitis and post-operative cirrhosis, respectively. All the... |
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