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8138103 | Effects of prolactins on the chromatophores of the tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. | Using isolated scales and split-fin preparations of the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, the effects of a pair of prolactins of the tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (tPRL177 and tPRL188) and of ovine prolactin (oPRL) on chromatophores were studied in vitro. These peptides caused melanosome aggregation and dispersion of xa... |
8126424 | Wall formation by Candida albicans yeast cells: synthesis, secretion and incorporation of two types of mannoproteins. | The mannoprotein components solubilized from the walls of Candida albicans blastoconidia following degradation of the glucan network with beta-glucanase (Zymolyase) have higher molecular masses than their probable precursors present in the supernatant of regenerating protoplasts. It therefore appears that the mannoprot... |
8122517 | Mutations in type 1 procollagen that cause osteogenesis imperfecta: effects of the mutations on the assembly of collagen into fibrils, the basis of phenotypic variations, and potential antisense therapies. | Work by a large number of investigators over the last decade has established that over 90% of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta have mutations in one of the two genes for type I procollagen, that most unrelated probands have different mutations in the genes, and that the mutations found in most of the serious varia... |
8120122 | Chiral differentiation of the optical isomers of racemethorphan and racemorphan in urine by capillary zone electrophoresis. | A novel capillary zone electrophoretic method based on the use of propanol-modified beta-cyclodextrin buffers has been developed; it unambiguously detects and quantitates the optical isomers of racemethorphan and racemorphan without prior derivatization. Detection limits in urine down to 20 ppb have been obtained. The ... |
8120109 | Determination of the enantiomers of ifosfamide and its 2- and 3-N-dechloroethylated metabolites in plasma and urine using enantioselective gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. | A rapid, sensitive, enantioselective gas chromatographic method has been developed for the quantitation of the enantiomers of ifosfamide (IFF) and its 2- and 3-dechloroethylated metabolites (2-DCE-IFF and 3-DCE-IFF) in human and animal plasma and human urine. IFF and the two dechloroethylated metabolites were extracted... |
8111861 | [Preparation and pharmacologic profile of derivatives of alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid with potential effects on the cardiovascular system]. | In a systematic study of the relationship between the chemical structure and beta-adrenolytic activity, eleven derivatives of the 4-alkoxysubstituted phenylcarbamic acids were prepared. The beta-adrenolytic efficiency of the compounds was studied in the isolated spontaneously beating guinea-pig atria and expressed as p... |
8109958 | Synthesis of cyclodextrin glucosyl transferase by Bacillus cereus for the production of cyclodextrins. | A potent indigenous bacillus isolate identified as Bacillus cereus (RJ-30) was found to produce Cyclodextrin Glucosyl Transferase (CGTase) extracellularly. Process optimization of various fermentation parameters has been established for optimal growth of bacillus and the maximum enzyme synthesis. The organism had the h... |
8109952 | Efficacy of intravenous itraconazole against experimental pulmonary aspergillosis. | The efficacy of intravenous itraconazole solubilized in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was assessed in a rat model of Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia. Immunosuppressed rats were infected by intratracheal inoculation of A. fumigatus conidia. Intravenous administration of various doses of itraconazole was started immedi... |
7508762 | The pore dimensions of gramicidin A. | The ion channel forming peptide gramicidin A adopts a number of distinct conformations in different environments. We have developed a new method to analyze and display the pore dimensions of ion channels. The procedure is applied to two x-ray crystal structures of gramicidin that adopt distinct antiparallel double heli... |
8312482 | Covalent binding of biological samples to solid supports for scanning probe microscopy in buffer solution. | Scanning force microscopy allows imaging of biological molecules in their native state in buffer solution. To this end samples have to be fixed to a flat solid support so that they cannot be displaced by the scanning tip. Here we describe a method to achieve the covalent binding of biological samples to glass surfaces.... |
8312477 | Light scattering analysis of fibril growth from the amino-terminal fragment beta(1-28) of beta-amyloid peptide. | beta-Amyloid protein (beta-A/4) is the major protein component of Alzheimer disease-related senile plaques and has been postulated to be a significant contributing factor in the onset and/or progression of the disease. In the senile plaque, beta-A/4 appears as bundles of amyloid fibrils. The biological activity of beta... |
8312475 | Ultrasonic study of melittin effects on phospholipid model membranes. | Low dose effects of melittin on dilute suspensions of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles are investigated by studying the acoustic properties of the system. The temperature dependencies of sound velocity and absorption have been measured at 7.2 MHz in the temperature range of 20-55 degrees C, for dif... |
8309967 | Long-term effects of postnatal hypoxia and flunarizine on the dopaminergic system. | Long-term changes of learning behavior and of the striatal dopaminergic system were observed in a rat model of early postnatal hypoxia. Striatal dopamine (DA) concentration, K(+)-stimulated DA release from slices, and DA uptake into crude synaptosomal preparations (S1 fractions) were used as markers of the striatal DAe... |
8307686 | Molecular structures of two crystalline forms of the cyclic heptapeptide antibiotic ternatin, cyclo[-beta-OH-D-Leu-D-Ile-(NMe)Ala-(NMe)Leu-Leu-(NMe)Ala-D-(NMe)Ala-]. | The crystal structures of two solvated forms of ternatin, cyclo[-beta-OH-D-Leu-D-Ile-(NMe)Ala-(NMe)Leu-Leu-(NMe)Ala-D-(NMe)Ala-] are reported. The first crystallizes with two molecules of peptide and one of dioxane in the asymmetric unit: P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 11.563(1), b = 21.863(2), c = 36.330(4) A. The second crystall... |
8307321 | Analysis of mutations in the sqt-1 and rol-6 collagen genes of Caenorhabditis elegans. | Different mutations in the sqt-1 and rol-6 collagen genes of Caenorhabditis elegans can cause diverse changes in body morphology and display different genetic attributes. We have determined the nucleotide alterations in 15 mutant alleles of these genes. Three mutations in sqt-1 and one in rol-6 that cause dominant righ... |
8306072 | Nasal administration of an ACTH(4-9) peptide analogue with dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetics and dynamics. | 1. The systemic absorption and the neurotrophic effect of the metabolically stabilized ACTH (4-9) analogue, Org2766, were investigated following intranasal (i.n.) administration. 2. Without additives the nasal bioavailability of the peptide was in the order of 15 and 10% in rats and rabbits, respectively. The absorptio... |
7508076 | Functions of the gene products of Escherichia coli. | A list of currently identified gene products of Escherichia coli is given, together with a bibliography that provides pointers to the literature on each gene product. A scheme to categorize cellular functions is used to classify the gene products of E. coli so far identified. A count shows that the numbers of genes con... |
7905597 | Mosquitocidal toxins of bacilli and their genetic manipulation for effective biological control of mosquitoes. | The identification, cloning, and characterization of protein toxins from various species of bacilli have demonstrated the existence of mosquitocidal toxins with different structures, mechanisms of action, and host ranges. A start has been made in understanding the polypeptide determinants of toxicity and insecticidal a... |
7507914 | Confocal and conventional immunofluorescence and ultrastructural localisation of intracellular strength-giving components of human amniochorion. | Key cytoskeletal polypeptides of human fetal membranes have been localised at subcellular level using confocal and conventional indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Correlation with electron microscope data has allowed us to examine how cellular compartments of this multilaminar tissue maintain their mechanical inte... |
8299954 | Bacillus subtilis flagellar proteins FliP, FliQ, FliR and FlhB are related to Shigella flexneri virulence factors. | The amino acid sequences of the Bacillus subtilis flagellar proteins, FliP, FliQ, FliR and FlhB, as deduced from their respective nucleotide sequences, were found to share significant homology to the Shigella flexneri Spa24, Spa9, Spa29 and Spa40 virulence proteins, respectively. These proteins are required for the pre... |
8297023 | Improved chiral separation of basic compounds in capillary electrophoresis using beta-cyclodextrin and tetraalkylammonium reagents. | Approaches to improve resolution in chiral separation of several basic pharmaceutical compounds by capillary electrophoresis (CE) via a cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion complexation are described. Tetraalkylammonium reagents, including long-chain cationic surfactants and short-chain alkylammonium hydroxides, are examined fo... |
8290361 | Predicted common structural features of DNA-binding domains from Ets, Myb and HMG transcription factors. | The Ets family of transcription factors shares a 85 amino acid domain, named the ETS domain, which appears responsible for their DNA binding activity. This domain did not show any clear similarity with already known DNA binding motifs. Hydrophobic Cluster Analysis (HCA), a sensitive method able to detect protein struct... |
7507235 | Synthetic RNA-cleaving molecules mimicking ribonuclease A active center. Design and cleavage of tRNA transcripts. | RNA cleaving molecules were synthesized by conjugating imidazole residues imitating the essential imidazoles in the active center of pancreatic ribonuclease to an intercalating compound, derivative of phenazine capable of binding to the double stranded regions of polynucleotides. Action of the molecules on tRNA was inv... |
8290352 | Modulation of oligonucleotide duplex and triplex stability via hydrophobic interactions. | Synthetic oligonucleotides have been proposed as a new rationally designed class of pharmaceuticals with a mechanism of action based upon a Watson-Crick and/or Hoogsteen type of base pairing with RNA or DNA regions of interest. Two series of 3'-cholesterol and/or 5'-cholesterol conjugated oligonucleotides have been syn... |
8288934 | [Clinical study of 8 cases of spontaneous esophageal rupture]. | Among 8 patients with spontaneous esophageal rupture, mean age was 46.5 years, and there was only one female. Vomiting after drinking was the main cause of onset. In 4 patients who underwent drainage of the thoracic cavity or initial treatment by surgery within 24 hrs after onset, closure after layer-layer suture of th... |
8288269 | Elicitation of a predominantly lambda light chain-bearing antibody response in BALB/c mice to a novel bifunctional aminocarboxylate chelating agent. | A panel of murine monoclonal antibodies has been raised against the aminocarboxylate bifunctional chelating agent PA-DOTA complexed with Samarium. Ninety percent of the antibodies (43 of 48) used a lambda light chain. The binding specificity of 11 of the antibodies was examined by competition assays using several struc... |
8284225 | Direct genetic selection for a specific RNA-protein interaction. | The decision between lytic and lysogenic development of temperate DNA bacteriophages is determined largely by transcriptional regulation through DNA-binding proteins. To determine whether a heterologous RNA-binding activity could control the developmental fate of a DNA bacteriophage, a derivative of P22 was constructed... |
8284219 | Specificity of DNA recognition in the nucleoprotein complex for site-specific recombination by Tn21 resolvase. | Resolvases from Tn3-like transposons catalyse site-specific recombination at res sites. Each res site has 3 binding sites for resolvase, I, II, and III. The res sites in Tn3 and Tn21 have similar structures at I and II but they differ at III. Mutagenesis of the Tn21 res site showed that sub-site III is essential for re... |
8282200 | Peptidomimetics of the immunoglobulin supergene family--a review. | An important goal of structural biochemistry is the reduction of complex molecules to small functional units that are amenable to high-resolution structural analysis and rapid modification. The dissection of multidomain proteins into small synthetic conformationally restricted components is an important step in the des... |
7506687 | Recombinant RNA phage Q beta capsid particles synthesized and self-assembled in Escherichia coli. | The Escherichia coli RNA phage Q beta coat protein-encoding gene (C) was amplified from native Q beta RNA using a reverse transcription-PCR technique. Gene C contains sequences coding for both the 133-amino acid (aa) Q beta coat protein (CP) and the 329-aa read-through protein (A1) consisting of CP and an additional 19... |
8281936 | Investigation of intra-domain and inter-domain interactions of glutathione transferase P1-1 by limited chymotryptic cleavage. | Limited proteolysis of glutathione transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) by chymotrypsin performed at 20 degrees and 30 degrees C mainly generates two complementary peptides of 17 kDa and 6 kDa molecular mass with concomitant loss of catalytic capacity. Sequence analysis of these peptides showed that the peptide bond between Tyr4... |
8280081 | Mammalian inositol monophosphatase: the identification of residues important for the binding of Mg2+ and Li+ ions using fluorescence spectroscopy and site-directed mutagenesis. | The fluorescence properties of residue Trp-219 in inositol monophosphatase are sensitive to the ionization of neighbouring groups. The pH-dependent changes in the fluorescence emission intensity and wavelength of maximum emission appear to arise as the result of two separate ionizations in the proximity of Trp-219, nam... |
8276887 | Inhibition of nuclear protein import by nonhydrolyzable analogues of GTP and identification of the small GTPase Ran/TC4 as an essential transport factor. | We have investigated a possible involvement of GTPases in nuclear protein import using an in vitro transport system involving digitonin-permeabilized cells supplemented with exogenous cytosol. Transport in this system was measured with a novel ELISA-based assay that allows rapid quantitative analysis. GTP gamma S and o... |
8273837 | Pneumonia: cause or symptom of postinjury multiple organ failure? | Recent studies have shown that selective gut decontamination can reduce the incidence of pneumonia, but this does not decrease multiple organ failure (MOF) or mortality. These findings have prompted the hypothesis that pneumonia is an inconsequential symptom of MOF. To test this, we prospectively evaluated 123 high-ris... |
8269946 | Influence of the supramolecular structure of free lipid A on its biological activity. | The three-dimensional supramolecular structures and the states of order of the acyl chains of lipid A from different Gram-negative species were investigated at 40 degrees C, high water content (80-90%), and different [lipid A]/[Mg2+] molar ratios using synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infra... |
8269941 | Ser2 is the autophosphorylation site in the beta subunit from bicistronically expressed human casein kinase-2 and from native rat liver casein kinase-2 beta. | Human casein kinase-2 (CK-2) subunits alpha and beta were bicistronically expressed in bacteria. The recombinant holoenzyme shared all investigated properties with the native CK-2 from mammalian sources (rat liver, Krebs II mouse ascites tumour cells). Contrary to recombinant human CK-2 produced by self-assembly in vit... |
8265659 | The SRY high-mobility-group box recognizes DNA by partial intercalation in the minor groove: a topological mechanism of sequence specificity. | SRY, a putative transcription factor encoded by the sex-determining region of the human Y chromosome, regulates a genetic switch in male development. Impairment of this switch leads to intersex abnormalities of the newborn and is observed in association with mutations in the SRY DNA-binding domain [the high-mobility-gr... |
8265609 | Active immunity against the CD4 receptor by using an antibody antigenized with residues 41-55 of the first extracellular domain. | Using the process of "antibody antigenization," we engineered two antibody molecules carrying in the third complementarity-determining region of the heavy chain variable domain a 7-mer or a 15-mer peptide epitope of the first extracellular domain (D1) of human CD4 receptor--namely, Ser-Phe-Leu-Thr-Lys-Gly-Pro-Ser (SFLT... |
8262056 | Two distinct functional sites of human interleukin 4 are identified by variants impaired in either receptor binding or receptor activation. | Interleukin 4 (IL-4) exerts a decisive role in the coordination of protective immune responses against parasites, particularly helminths. A disregulation of IL-4 function is possibly involved in the genesis of allergic disease states. The search for important amino acid residues in human IL-4 by mutational analysis of ... |
8262043 | Identification of the C-terminal activator domain in yeast heat shock factor: independent control of transient and sustained transcriptional activity. | In yeast, heat shock factor (HSF) is a trimer that binds DNA constitutively but only supports high levels of transcription upon heat shock. The C-terminal regions of HSF from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces lactis are unconserved yet both contain strong transactivators which are correctly regulated when subs... |
8260500 | Structural changes in cytochrome c upon hydrogen-deuterium exchange. | The resonance Raman spectra of yeast ferri- and ferro-iso-1-cytochrome c dissolved in H2O and D2O are reported. Hydrogen exchange in the protein leads to distinct spectral changes of heme vibrational bands, particularly in the region between 670 and 710 cm-1 and at approximately 443 and approximately 450 cm-1. The latt... |
8259515 | Modulation of calmodulin plasticity in molecular recognition on the basis of x-ray structures. | Calmodulin is the primary calcium-dependent signal transducer and regulator of a wide variety of essential cellular functions. The structure of calcium-calmodulin bound to the peptide corresponding to the calmodulin-binding domain of brain calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha was determined to 2 angstrom resolu... |
8259513 | Attempts to mimic docking processes of the immune system: recognition-induced formation of protein multilayers. | The assemblage of protein multilayers induced by molecular recognition, as seen, for example, in the immune cascade, has been mimicked by using streptavidin as a docking matrix. For these experiments, this protein matrix was organized on liposomes, monolayers at the air-water interface, and self-assembled layers on gol... |
8257227 | Cytokine patterns in patients after major vascular surgery, hemorrhagic shock, and severe blunt trauma. Relation with subsequent adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. | <h4>Objective</h4>This study investigates the course of serum cytokine levels in patients with multiple trauma, patients with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and patients undergoing elective AAA repair and the relationship of these cytokines to the development of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) a... |
8256860 | Overexpression and abnormal modification of the stress proteins alpha B-crystallin and HSP27 in Alexander disease. | Alexander disease is a leukodystrophy characterized by the presence of numerous Rosenthal fibers, inclusion bodies in astrocytes. A major component of Rosenthal fibers is alpha B-crystallin, some of which is ubiquitinated. In this report, we show that Alexander central nervous system (CNS) tissues contain elevated mess... |
8254420 | A ticket to ride: peptide radiopharmaceuticals. | Over the past three decades, biospecific imaging agents have evolved from large proteins (i.e., antibodies) to antibody fragments (i.e., F(ab')2 and Fab fragments) to smaller "molecular recognition units" such as Fv fragments, antigen binding domain fragments and small biologically active peptides. The smaller size of ... |
8254058 | Nonenzymatic glycosylation-induced modifications of intact bovine kidney tubular basement membrane. | We examined structural changes in bovine kidney tubular basement membrane (TBM) following in vitro nonenzymatic glycosylation (NEG). Isolated TBM was incubated for 2 wk at 37 degrees C in the absence of sugar or in the presence of either glucose or ribitol under conditions that minimized degradation and oxidative damag... |
8253847 | The rod domain of NF-L determines neurofilament architecture, whereas the end domains specify filament assembly and network formation. | Neurofilaments, assembled from NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H subunits, are the most abundant structural elements in myelinated axons. Although all three subunits contain a central, alpha-helical rod domain thought to mediate filament assembly, only NF-L self-assembles into 10-nm filaments in vitro. To explore the roles of the c... |
8253835 | Nup180, a novel nuclear pore complex protein localizing to the cytoplasmic ring and associated fibrils. | Using an autoimmune serum from a patient with overlap connective tissue disease we have identified by biochemical and immunocytochemical approaches an evolutionarily conserved nuclear pore complex (NPC) protein with an estimated molecular mass of 180 kD and an isoelectric point of approximately 6.2 which we have design... |
8253834 | Intranuclear filaments containing a nuclear pore complex protein. | Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are anchoring sites of intranuclear filaments of 3-6 nm diameter that are coaxially arranged on the perimeter of a cylinder and project into the nuclear interior for lengths varying in different kinds of cells. Using a specific monoclonal antibody we have found that a polypeptide of approx... |
7504668 | Transcriptional analysis of the Aeromonas salmonicida S-layer protein gene vapA. | The vapA gene of Aeromonas salmonicida encodes the subunit of the surface protein array known as A-layer. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 374 bp of DNA immediately upstream of vapA revealed two potential promoter sequences and other possible regulatory sequences. Sequencing and polymerase chain reaction analysis sh... |
8253664 | Identification of esg, a genetic locus involved in cell-cell signaling during Myxococcus xanthus development. | JD258, a Tn5 insertion mutant of Myxococcus xanthus, was shown to have major defects in three development-associated properties: expression of the developmentally regulated tps gene, spore formation, and production of multicellular fruiting bodies. The defects in tps gene expression and sporulation could be substantial... |
8248249 | Charged histidine affects alpha-helix stability at all positions in the helix by interacting with the backbone charges. | To determine whether a charged histidine side chain affects alpha-helix stability only when histidine is close to one end of the helix or also when it is in the central region, we substitute a single histidine residue at many positions in two reference peptides and measure helix stability and histidine pKa. The positio... |
8246979 | A novel 205-kilodalton testis-specific serine/threonine protein kinase associated with microtubules of the spermatid manchette. | To identify proteins which interact with and potentially modulate the function of microtubules during spermatogenesis, we prepared a total testis MAP (microtubule-associated protein) antiserum and used it to isolate cDNA clones from a mouse testis cDNA expression library. Antibodies affinity purified by using one expre... |
8246962 | Expression of trkA cDNA in neuroblastomas mediates differentiation in vitro and in vivo. | The human trkA cDNA was transfected into a malignant human neuroblastoma (NB) cell line (HTLA230) to investigate its role in NB growth and differentiation. This cell line lacks expression of both endogenous trkA and gp75NGFR genes. Transfectants expressing the trkA mRNA and surface-bound receptors transcriptionally act... |
7902375 | CD2-deficient mice generate virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes upon infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. | The major host response to many viral infections is the generation of virus-specific CTL. Many protein molecules on the surfaces of both CTL and target cells interact to mediate adhesion of the cells and generate signals that lead to T cell activation and proliferation of virus-specific CTL that then mediate lysis of i... |
8245124 | Triad formation: organization and function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel and triadin in normal and dysgenic muscle in vitro. | Excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling is thought to involve close interactions between the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor; RyR) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) alpha 1 subunit in the T-tubule membrane. Triadin, a 95-kD protein isolated from heavy SR, binds both th... |
8230484 | Functional interaction between Epstein-Barr virus DNA polymerase catalytic subunit and its accessory subunit in vitro. | The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA polymerase catalytic subunit (BALF5 protein) and its accessory subunit (BMRF1 protein) have been independently overexpressed and purified (T. Tsurumi, A. Kobayashi, K. Tamai, T. Daikoku, R. Kurachi, and Y. Nishiyama, J. Virol. 67:4651-4658, 1993; T. Tsurumi, J. Virol. 67:1681-1687, 1993... |
8230471 | Divergence and evolution of homologous regions of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | Homologous regions (hrs) (hr1,hr2-left,hr2-right,hr3,hr4-left,hr 4-right, and hr5) similar to those found in the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) genome were found in the Bombyx mori NPV (BmNPV) genome. The BmNPV hrs contained two to eight repeats of a homologous nucleotide sequence which were ... |
8230469 | The cell surface receptor is a major determinant restricting the host range of the B-lymphotropic papovavirus. | The B-lymphotropic papovavirus (LPV) productively infects only a subset of human B-lymphoma-derived cell lines while transfection of the viral genome yields infectious viral particles in a much wider variety of human hematopoietic cell lines. We have analyzed the contribution of a putative LPV receptor on the cell surf... |
8230467 | Minimum internal ribosome entry site required for poliovirus infectivity. | Translation initiation by internal ribosome binding is a recently discovered mechanism of eukaryotic viral and cellular protein synthesis in which ribosome subunits interact with the mRNAs at internal sites in the 5' untranslated RNA sequences and not with the 5' methylguanosine cap structure present at the extreme 5' ... |
7693970 | Conformational changes induced in the envelope glycoproteins of the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses by soluble receptor binding. | We have investigated the molecular basis of biological differences observed among cell line-adapted isolates of the human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) and the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in response to receptor binding by using a soluble form of CD4 (sCD4) as a receptor mimic. We find ... |
8230442 | Mutually exclusive binding of two cellular factors within a critical promoter region of the gene for the IE110k protein of herpes simplex virus. | We have examined the cis- and trans-acting factors involved in constitutive transcription of the promoter for the IE110k protein of herpes simplex virus type 1. Our results indicate that while the IE110k gene is activated by Vmw65, it also exhibits very efficient constitutive expression approximating that from the simi... |
7693967 | 5' sequences of rubella virus RNA stimulate translation of chimeric RNAs and specifically interact with two host-encoded proteins. | Sequences at the 5' and 3' ends of the rubella virus (RV) genomic RNA can potentially form stable stem-loop (SL) structures that are postulated to be involved in virus replication. We have analyzed the function of these putative SL structures in RNA translation by constructing chimeric chloramphenicol acetyltransferase... |
8230414 | Efficient self-assembly of human papillomavirus type 16 L1 and L1-L2 into virus-like particles. | The L1 genes of two human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) isolates derived from condylomata acuminata were used to express the L1 major capsid protein in insect cells via recombinant baculoviruses. Both L1 major capsid proteins self-assembled into virus-like particles (VLP) with high efficiency and could be purified in ... |
8225578 | Inactivation of the Streptococcus mutans wall-associated protein A gene (wapA) results in a decrease in sucrose-dependent adherence and aggregation. | A 0.8-kb HindIII-BamHI internal fragment of the Streptococcus mutans wall-associated protein A gene (wapA) was ligated to the 5.1-kb HindIII-BamHI fragment of the chimeric Streptococcus-Escherichia coli plasmid pVA891 (Emr Cmr). The resulting construct was used to transform S. mutans GS-5, and erythromycin-resistant mu... |
8223476 | LEF-1 contains an activation domain that stimulates transcription only in a specific context of factor-binding sites. | Lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF-1) is a member of the high mobility group (HMG) family of proteins and participates in the regulation of the T cell receptor (TCR) alpha enhancer. We have previously shown that DNA binding by the HMG domain of LEF-1 induces a sharp bend in the DNA helix. Together with the dependence of L... |
17781785 | Lipid tubules: a paradigm for molecularly engineered structures. | The use of molecular self-assembly to fabricate microstructures suitable for advanced material development is described. Templating techniques that transform biomolecular self-assemblies into rugged and stable nano- and microstructures are described. By using a lipid-based microcylinder (tubule) as a paradigm, the path... |
12271059 | Newly Imported Rieske Iron-Sulfur Protein Associates with Both Cpn60 and Hsp70 in the Chloroplast Stroma. | The precursor of the Rieske FeS protein, a thylakoid membrane protein, was imported by isolated pea chloroplasts, and the mature protein was shown to be integrated into the cytochrome bf complex of the thylakoid membranes. Insertion into the thylakoid membrane was sensitive to the ionophores nigericin and valinomycin, ... |
8087574 | Postinjury multiple organ failure: role of extrathoracic injury and sepsis in adult respiratory distress syndrome. | Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ failure (MOF) occur as a result of an unbridled systemic inflammatory response (i.e., severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome [SIRS]). Early epidemiologic studies concluded that infection with systemic sepsis was the common pathway for the development... |
8033684 | [Multiple organ failure after valve replacement]. | Multiple organ failure (MOF) after valve replacement during 1980-1991 showed. Incidences involving 2, 3 and over 3 organs were 17.1%, 5.6%, 4.3% with related mortalities 12.0%, 18.5%, 76.2%. This analysis focused on cases of more than 3 organ failures. More than 3 organ failure, the most dreadful complications, can be ... |
8156164 | MULTIPRINS: a method for multicolour primed in situ labelling. | With this fast and simple MULTIPRINS protocol we show simultaneous mapping of multiple repetitive sequences by sequential cycles of primed in situ (PRINS) labelling with various primers and reporter molecules. Differentially labelled DNA sequences synthesized in situ were visualized by directly incorporated rhodamine-4... |
8156163 | Chromosomal localization of the lysozyme gene cluster in river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.). | Lysozyme (LYZ) is an antibacterial enzyme which allows the digestion of bacteria present in tears and saliva. In the true stomach of ruminants LYZ breaks open the bacteria of the foregut, which are subsequently digested by typical mammalian digestive enzymes, allowing the incorporation of nutrients from the bacteria. S... |
8156162 | Identification and localization of two genes on the chicken Z chromosome: implication of evolutionary conservation of the Z chromosome among avian species. | A cDNA clone containing an insert of about 3.4 kb, pCIREBP, was isolated from the chicken liver cDNA library and identified as a clone for the chicken homologue of iron-responsive element-binding protein (IREBP). The deduced amino acid sequence showed 88% identity with that of the mouse IREBP and 17 out of the 20 activ... |
8156161 | Scanning electron microscopy of polytene chromosomes (I). | The structure of polytene chromosomes has been observed by conventional scanning electron microscopy and also with a high resolution 'in lens' field emission instrument. Surface imaging with secondary electron emission has characterized condensed chromatin and regions known for their RNA synthetic potential (nucleoli, ... |
8156160 | The genomic synteny at DNA level between human and chimpanzee chromosomes. | The evolutionary relationship between human (Homo sapiens) and chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) has been the subject of debate and scrutiny for over two decades. The close relationship established by numerous parameters may or may not reflect homology at the DNA level. The recent advent of a molecular method termed the chr... |
8156159 | Oocytes from pachytene to dictyotene can easily be analysed in neonatal rodents. | We have investigated the dynamics of meiotic prophase I in neonatal ovaries from different wild rodent species, from a laboratory strain of Mus musculus and from Mus musculus x Mus spretus F1 hybrids. We found that almost all stages of prophase I were regularly present in neonatal ovaries from these species and that th... |
8140287 | Progress towards a higher taxonomy of viruses. | The current consensus view is that a higher hierarchical taxonomy of viruses cannot be established for two reasons. Firstly, viruses appear to be polyphyletic in origin, with several sets of viruses arising by different, independent routes at different times. Secondly, subsequent virus adaptation for survival in differ... |
7908033 | Design and in-vitro evaluation of a modified-release oral dosage form of nifedipine by hybridization of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropylcellulose. | To modify the release rate of nifedipine, a potent calcium channel antagonist, a double-layer tablet was designed, anticipating a more balanced oral bioavailability and a prolonged efficacy than the simple plain tablet. Amorphous nifedipine powders prepared by spray-drying with 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-bet... |
8118922 | Reconstitution of non-ionic monoalkyl amphiphile-cholesterol vesicles by dilution of lipids-octylglucoside mixed micelles. | Kinetic aspects of the formation of non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NSV) using the mixed micelle dilution procedure are examined. Mixed micelles composed of a mixture of lipids, i.e. diglycerol hexadecylether (C16G2), cholesterol (CHOL), dicetylphosphate (DCP) and detergent, octylglucoside (OG), were diluted with deterg... |
8116187 | Coronavirus immunogens. | Coronaviruses (CV) infect a variety of livestock, poultry and companion animals. They belong to at least five antigenic groups. CV cause localized infections of the respiratory and/or intestinal tracts, with the exception of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis (HEV) which c... |
8109856 | Cyclosporins. Structure-activity relationships. | Cyclosporin A (Sandimmun) achieves immunosuppressive activity by complex formation with cyclophilin and subsequent binding of the binary complex to and inhibiting protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin). Complexes of nonimmunosuppressive cyclophilin binding cyclosporin analogues do not inhibit protein phosphatase 2B, sugg... |
8309936 | Analysis of RNA phage fr coat protein assembly by insertion, deletion and substitution mutagenesis. | A structure-function analysis of the icosahedral RNA bacteriophage fr coat protein (CP) assembly was undertaken using linker-insertion, deletion and substitution mutagenesis. Mutations were specifically introduced into either pre-existing or artificially created restriction enzyme sites within fr CP gene expressed in E... |
8305512 | Synthesis of bulky beta-lactams for inhibition of cell surface beta-lactamase activity. | Procedures are described for the preparation of a series of compounds consisting of methicillin linked to beta-cyclodextrin through variable hydrophilic linkers. beta-Cyclodextrin was coupled to the antibiotic methicillin to prevent the antibiotic from permeating the outer membranes of bacteria. Stoichiometric oxidatio... |
8300895 | Bioequivalence of a 17 beta-estradiol hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin complex in postmenopausal women. | Five postmenopausal women received single doses of a 0.675 mg estradiol hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (estradiol-HP beta CD) sublingual tablet by the sublingual and oral route. A single dose of a 1 mg micronized estradiol tablet was given orally for comparison. Blood samples were obtained over 48 hours for measuremen... |
8298047 | Lipid clustering in bilayers detected by the fluorescence kinetics and anisotropy of trans-parinaric acid. | Fluid heterogeneity in lipid bilayers and shows a simple and useful method to quantify this heterogeneity. Taking advantage of the maximum entropy method, we have resolved the probe fluorescence lifetime distributions in homogeneous solutions and in single and two-component lipid bilayers at different temperatures. A p... |
8298041 | Influence of surface chemistry on the structural organization of monomolecular protein layers adsorbed to functionalized aqueous interfaces. | The molecular organization of streptavidin (SA) bound to aqueous surface monolayers of biotin-functionalized lipids and binary lipid mixtures has been investigated with neutron reflectivity and electron and fluorescence microscopy. The substitution of deuterons (2H) for protons (1H), both in subphase water molecules an... |
8298033 | Influence of the local anesthetic tetracaine on the phase behavior and the thermodynamic properties of phospholipid bilayers. | We investigated the influence of the local anesthetic tetracaine on the thermodynamic properties and the temperature- and pressure-dependent phase behavior of the model biomembrane 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by using volumetric measurements at temperatures ranging from 0 degrees to 40 degrees C and at ... |
8298026 | Raman dynamic probe of hydrogen exchange in bean pod mottle virus: base-specific retardation of exchange in packaged ssRNA. | We describe a novel approach to investigating exchange kinetics in biological assemblies. The method makes use of a Raman multichannel analyzer coupled with a dialysis flow cell. We employ this methodology to determine exchange rates of labile hydrogens in both the packaged RNA genome and protein subunits of bean pod m... |
8298018 | A single order-disorder transition generates tension during the Huxley-Simmons phase 2 in muscle. | Increasing temperature was used to progressively interconvert non-force-generating into force-generating states in skinned rabbit psoas muscle fibers contracting isometrically. Laser temperature-jump and length-jump experiments were used to characterize tension generation in the time domain of the Huxley-Simmons phase ... |
7507714 | Formamidinium-induced dimer stabilization and flicker block behavior in homo- and heterodimer channels formed by gramicidin A and N-acetyl gramicidin A. | Compared to the N-formyl gramicidin A (GA), the N-acetyl gramicidin A (NAG) channel has unchanged conductance in 1 M NH4+ (gamma NN/gamma GG = 1, conductance ratio) but reduced conductance in 1 M K+ (gamma NN/gamma GG = 0.6) methylammonium (gamma NN/gamma GG = 0.3), and formamidinium (gamma NN/gamma GG = 0.1) solutions... |
8298013 | A molecular model for lipid-protein interaction in membranes: the role of hydrophobic mismatch. | The interaction free energy between a hydrophobic, transmembrane, protein and the surrounding lipid environment is calculated based on a microscopic model for lipid organization. The protein is treated as a rigid hydrophobic solute of thickness dP, embedded in a lipid bilayer of unperturbed thickness doL. The lipid cha... |
7507654 | Response of the FSaII fibrosarcoma to antiangiogenic modulators plus cytotoxic agents. | The formation of a blood supply (angiogenesis) is critical to the growth of solid tumors. The naturally occurring steroid tetrahydrocortisol, the synthetic cyclodextrin derivative beta-cyclodextrin tetradecasulfate, and the tetracycline derivative minocycline have antiangiogenic activity. Tetrahydrocortisol (125 mg/kg)... |
8295912 | [Stability and new formulations of hexetidine. 2. Formulations and in vitro bioavailability]. | The solubilization of the water insoluble antimicrobial compound hexetidine is achieved by tensides and cyclodextrins. Using tensides the active ingredient is associated with the lipophilic part of the emulsifier. Tensides with a hydrophilic element in the lipophilic part of the molecule show better solubilizing proper... |
8294065 | [Relations between donor nerve size and degree of neurotization in the nerve transplant--an experimental study]. | The present study was undertaken to investigate whether the number of myelinated fibers in a sensory nerve used as an autograft influences the result of nerve fiber regeneration in the graft. In 30 rabbits, the left saphenous nerve was used as an autograft. It was coapted to the motor branch to the rectus femoris muscl... |
8290480 | Stereoselective dissolution of propranolol hydrochloride from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose matrices. | Since many chiral pharmaceutical excipients, such as cellulose polymers and cyclodextrins, are used as stationary phases for the separation of enantiomers by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), it is hypothesized that one enantiomer of a chiral drug will be released faster than the other from a pharmaceutica... |
8285682 | Involvement of cytochromes in the anaerobic biotransformation of tetrachloromethane by Shewanella putrefaciens 200. | Shewanella putrefaciens 200 is an obligate respiratory bacterium that can utilize a variety of terminal electron acceptors, e.g., NO3-, NO2-, Fe(III), and trimethylamine N-oxide, in the absence of O2. The bacterium catalyzed the reductive transformation of tetrachloromethane (CT) under anaerobic conditions. The only id... |
8285610 | Efficacy of itraconazole solution in a rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis. | The efficacy of an itraconazole-cyclodextrin solution against Aspergillus fumigatus was assessed in an immunosuppressed, temporarily leukopenic rabbit model of invasive aspergillosis and compared with that of amphotericin B. Oral itraconazole solution at dosages of 20 and 40 mg/kg/day improved survival as compared with... |
8275503 | Crystal structures of cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-cyclodextrin) complexed with ethylene glycol.8.0H2O and glycerol.7.2H2O. | Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies were carried out for the title compounds at room temperature. The crystal packings are of the cage-type and isomorphous to that of beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) hydrate. In both crystal structures, disorder and extensive thermal vibrations of the complexed guest molecules are obse... |
8272425 | Orientational sampling and rigid-body minimization in molecular docking. | The biological activities of proteins depend on specific molecular recognition and binding. Computational methods for predicting binding modes can facilitate the discovery and design of ligands and yield information on the factors governing complementarity. The DOCK suite of programs has been applied to several systems... |
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