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S001448862030087X | Spinal interneurons which discharge in phase with the respiratory cycle have been repeatedly described over the last 50years . These spinal respiratory interneurons are part of a complex propriospinal network that is synaptically coupled with respiratory motoneurons . This article summarizes current knowledge regarding... | Spinal interneurons INs with respiratory discharge patterns are well described. Spinal respiratory motoneurons are synaptically coupled to spinal INs. Spinal INs can modulate respiratory motoneuron activity. Chemical electrical and physiological methods can activate spinal respiratory INs. Targeted activation of spinal... |
S0014488620300893 | Spinal cord injury induces a secondary degenerative response that causes the loss of spared axons and worsens neurological outcome . The complex molecular mechanisms that mediate secondary axonal degeneration remain poorly understood . To further our understanding of secondary axonal degeneration following SCI we asses... | Intravital imaging following contusive SCI reveals changes in spinal axons in real time. Axons predominantly undergo spheroid formation acutely after contusive SCI. Axonal spheroids spread mediolaterally over time indicative of secondary injury. Axonal spheroids are highly dynamic and can resolve spontaneously. Disrupt... |
S0014488620300923 | Cerebral small vessel disease is a common condition linked to dementia and stroke . As an age dependent brain pathology cerebral SVD may share molecular processes with core neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s and Parkinson s disease . Many neurodegenerative diseases feature abnormal protein accumulation and ... | A NOTCH3 protein cleavage product N terminal fragment NTF undergoes spontaneous cysteine mediated multimerization. Catecholamines interact with NOTCH3 facilitating protein multimerization. Catechol like components are incorporated into NTF multimers. Inhibitors and reversal agents of NTF multimerization include anti ox... |
S0014488620300959 | Status epilepticus is a state of prolonged and repeated seizures that can lead to permanent brain damage or life threatening conditions . Transcranial direct current stimulation non invasively provides a polarity specific electric current to modulate brain excitability . Little is known about the therapeutic potential ... | Repeated cathodal tDCS reduces seizure severity in status epilepticus rat model. TDCS decreases the gamma ranged high frequency oscillation polyspikes on ictal EEG. Less chronic spontaneous spikes are observed in tDCS treated rats. Decreased BDNF expression correlates with less seizure severity in tDCS treated rats. |
S0014488620301047 | This report was produced by an Expert Working Group consisting of UK based researchers veterinarians and regulators of animal experiments with specialist knowledge of the use of animal models of spinal cord injury . It aims to facilitate the implementation of the Three Rs with an emphasis on refinement . Specific anima... | Pre clinical research into SCI is currently dominated by the use of animal models. These models can involve significant injury and have the potential to cause high levels of suffering. A UK based expert working group has identified animal welfare issues associated with modelling SCI in animals. This article sets out pr... |
S0014488620301114 | Medial temporal lobe epilepsy is among the most common and most drug resistant types of epilepsies associated with remodeling of the trisynaptic circuit of the hippocampus . The cornu ammonis 3 region as the pacemaker of the circuit and CA3CA1 synapse are potential targets for suppression of MTLE . We examined optogene... | The light sensitive chloride pump. was encoded in CA1 CA3 and entorhinal cortex of rats. Rats expressing. became epileptic by electrical kindling of perforant pathway. Light Illumination to CA3 of the kindled rats expressing. suppressed seizures. |
S0014488620301126 | Charcot Marie Tooth type 2A peripheral neuropathy the most common axonal form of CMT is caused by dominantly inherited point mutations in the Mitofusin 2 | CMT2A. mice show early onset of neuropathic pain and progressive motor performance defects. CMT2A. mice exhibit a progressive decrease of tubulin acetylation in distal sciatic nerves. Treatment of CMT2A. mice with an HDAC6 inhibitor SW 100 rescues distal sciatic nerves tubulin acetylation. SW 100 ameliorates CMT2A. mou... |
S001448862030114X | It has been proposed that Amyloid Precursor Protein might act as a rheostat controlling neuronal excitability but mechanisms have remained untested . APP and its catabolite A are known to impact upon synapse function and dysfunction via their interaction with the prion protein PrP | Zebrafish lacking amyloid precursor protein APP are susceptible to seizures. Zebrafish lacking prion protein are sensitized to acute loss of APP. Mammalian prion protein can replace its zebrafish homolog during APP interaction. Seizure susceptibility of APP mutants requires intact prion protein. Seizure susceptibility ... |
S0014488620301151 | Parkinson s disease is a major neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a variety of non motor symptoms in addition to the well recognized motor dysfunctions that have commanded primary interest . We previously described a new PD mouse model based on heterozygous disruption of the | New mouse model of PD based on GM1 deficiency shows non movement and movement disorders. Non movement disorders include lesions in colon and heart short term memory loss. GM1 deficient mice showed symptoms of constipation characteristic of prodromal PD. E.coli synthesized GM1 was shown to be effective in remedying all ... |
S0014488620301187 | The antiarrhythmic sodium channel blocker mexiletine is used to treat patients with myotonia . However around 30 of patients do not benefit from mexiletine due to poor tolerability or suboptimal response . Safinamide is an add on therapy to levodopa for Parkinson s disease . In addition to MAOB inhibition safinamide in... | Safinamide reversibly inhibits skeletal muscle voltage gated sodium channels. Safinamide effects on sodium channels are voltage and frequency dependent. Safinamide likely binds to the local anesthetic receptor in the sodium channel pore. Safinamide reduces action potential firing in hyperexcited rat skeletal muscle fib... |
S0014488620301205 | Decreases in energy metabolism following traumatic brain injury are attributed to impairment of glycolytic flux and oxidative phosphorylation . Glucose utilization post TBI is decreased while administration of alternative substrates has been shown to be neuroprotective . Changes in energy metabolism following TBI happe... | Alternative substrates were given during hyper or hypo cerebral metabolic states. Alternative substrate metabolism was dependent on cerebral metabolic state. Optimal substrate delivery was determined by mitochondrial outcomes. Metabolic injury patterns were sex dependent. Sex differences were observed in substrate meta... |
S0014488620301217 | Modeling experimental traumatic brain injury in rodents is necessarily required to understand the pathophysiological and neurobehavioral consequences of neurotrauma . Numerous models have been developed to study experimental TBI . Fluid percussion injury is the most extensively used model to represent clinical phenotyp... | Low pressure fluid percussion minimally adds to craniectomyinduced neurotrauma. Craniectomy mimics mild fluid percussion induced neurotrauma. Both the craniectomy and fluid percussion augment neurogenesis at the early stage. Craniectomy is additively damaging with FPI in term of neurobehavioral changes. Craniectomy cau... |
S0014488620301321 | The goal of this study in anesthetized cats was to identify silent hypogastric nerve afferent fibers that do not respond to bladder distention but become responsive after chemical irritation of the bladder . The HGN was split into multiple filaments small enough for recording action potentials from single or multiple a... | Hypogastric afferents respond to both bladder distention and irritation. Silent hypogastric afferents can only respond to high bladder pressure. Some chemo sensitive hypogastric afferents do not respond to bladder distension. Hypogastric afferents may play an important role in bladder pain or overactivity. |
S0014488620301345 | Death associated protein kinase 1 is a key protein that mediates neuronal death in ischemic stroke . Although the substrates of DAPK1 and molecular signal in stroke have been gradually discovered the modulation of DAPK1 itself is still unclear . Here we first reveal that Caytaxin a brain specific member of BCL2 adenovi... | Caytaxin increases in the ischemic brain at the early phase of cerebral ischemic stroke. Caytaxin interacts and inhibits DAPK1 in the presynaptic area. Caytaxin prevents neuronal apoptosis and alleviates ischemic brain injury by inhibiting DAPK1 catalytic activity. |
S0014488620301370 | Reduction of conditioned fear expression by extinction underlies cue exposure therapies that treat anxiety disorders . Extinction is context specific . Renewal for example is the relapse of extinguished fear when subjects are tested in a different context to extinction . This context specificity is developmentally regu... | Inactivation of dorsal hippocampus accelerated extinction in juvenile rats. Inactivation of ventral hippocampus impaired extinction recall in juvenile rats. Renewal of extinguished fear was observed in juvenile females but not males. Hippocampus inactivation did not affect sex differences in renewal. |
S0014488620301394 | Stroke remains a leading cause of disability in the United States . Despite recent advances interventions to reduce damage and enhance recovery after stroke are lacking . P2X4R a receptor for adenosine triphosphate regulates activation of myeloid immune cells after stroke injury . However over stimulation of P2X4Rs due... | Acute blockade of P2X4R provide neuroprotection and neuro rehabilitation. 5 BDBD reduce infiltration of peripheral immune cells after stroke. 5 BDBD treatment diminish BBB permeability and myeloid cell activation. |
S0014488620301436 | Fluoxetine is one of the most promising drugs for improving clinical outcome in patients with ischemic stroke . This in vivo study investigated the hypothesis that fluoxetine may affect HIF 1 Netrin VEGF cascade angiogenesis and neuroprotection using a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion . The rats ... | Fluoxetine upregulates HIF 1 Netrin VEGF cascade. Fluoxetine promotes neovascularization in cerebral ischemic conditions. |
S001448862030145X | Despite internationally established diagnostic criteria multiple system atrophy is frequently misdiagnosed particularly at disease onset . While neuropathological changes such as demyelination and iron deposition are typically detected in MSA these structural hallmarks were so far only demonstrated | MBP29 h syn mice show severe myelin deficit and iron accumulation in white matter. Quantitative susceptibility mapping QSM visualizes and quantifies both hallmarks. QSM and T2 weighted MRI allow precise distinction of MBP29 h syn mice from controls. Magnetic susceptibility highly correlated with iron and myelin optical... |
S0014488620301461 | Parkinson s disease a debilitating progressive degenerative movement disorder associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra afflicts approximately one million people in the U.S. including a significant number of Veterans . Disease characteristics include tremor rigidity postural instability brady... | Calcium activated neutral protease calpain plays a role in T cell activation. A subset of CD4 T cells was upregulated in rat and mouse models of PD. The CD4 cytotoxic T cell subtype was attenuated with calpain inhibition. |
S0014488620301473 | The development and translation of cell therapies have been hindered by an inability to predict and evaluate their efficacy after transplantation . Using an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model of multiple sclerosis we studied attenuation of the diffuse injury characteristic of EAE and MS by transplant... | onVDMP CEST MRI signal changes in the brain as paralysis progresses. Stem cell transplantation in the motor cortex attenuates paralysis. onVDMP CEST MRI locates brain regions responsive to transplanted cell therapy |
S0014488620301485 | Neonatal hypoxia ischemia is the main cause of newborn mortality and morbidity . Preclinical studies have shown that the immature rat brain is more resilient to HI injury suggesting innate mechanisms of neuroprotection . During neonatal period brain metabolism experience changes that might greatly affect the outcome of... | HI injury has different prognosis depending on the age it is induced. While P3 brain is more resilient the P11 brain is greatly affected. Higher usage of BHB instead of glucose is a possible mechanism of P3 resiliency. |
S0014488620301497 | Early life stress is a risk factor for many psychopathologies that happen later in life . Although stress can occur in cases of child abuse studies on non accidental brain injuries in pediatric populations do not consider the possible increase in vulnerability caused by ELS . Hence we sought to determine whether ELS in... | Early life stress ELS increases cognitive impairments after mild pediatric TBI. ELS increases hippocampal microglial activation after mild pediatric TBI. ELS TBI decreases proliferation in the hippocampal neurogenic niche. ELS TBI did not further affect the survival or differentiation of newly generated cells. |
S0014488620301515 | Blood brain barrier hyperpermeability and brain edema contribute to increased seizure susceptibility and brain injury in status epilepticus . The endothelial glycocalyx is the coating on luminal side of the endothelium and can be considered as the first barrier of BBB . Currently little is known about the effects of en... | Glycocalyx degradation may be the first step in the pathogenesis of SE. Heparin ameliorated the glycocalyx degradation in SE. Preservation of glycocalyx by heparin reduce SE induced injury and improve outcome. Heparin ameliorated BBB disruption and cerebral edema in SE. Heparin treatment may be a new strategy for brain... |
S0014488620301539 | Traumatic brain injury results in mitochondrial dysfunction and induction of lipid peroxidation . Lipid peroxidation derived neurotoxic aldehydes such as 4 HNE and acrolein bind to mitochondrial proteins inducing additional oxidative damage and further exacerbating mitochondrial dysfunction and LP . Mitochondria are he... | Phenelzine an effective pharmacological strategy against oxidative damage post TBI. PZ mediated protection against non synaptic and synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction. PZ protects against aldehyde mediated damage to non synaptic synaptic mitochondria. Importance of timing dosing for pharmacological neuro mito protectiv... |
S0014488620301552 | Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy remains the most important neurological problem of the newborn . Delays in diagnosing perinatal brain injuries are common preventing access to acute therapies . Therefore there is a critical need for therapeutic strategies that are beneficial when delivered beyond 24h after birt... | Brain damage is exacerbated after perinatal hypoxia ischemia in LIF Haplodeficient mice. 1st demonstration of therapeutic efficacy of intranasally delivered LIF for a neurological disorder. Intranasal LIF penetrates deep into the brain to activate survival promoting Stat 3 signaling. Administering LIF intranaslally as ... |
S0014488620301564 | Exosomes are emerging as novel players in the beneficial effects induced by exercise on vascular diseases . We have recently revealed that moderate exercise enhances the function of circulating endothelial progenitor cell derived EXs on protecting endothelial cells against hypoxia injury . However the relationship betw... | Moderate treadmill exercise alleviated acute injury in IS. Moderate treadmill exercise promoted chronic functional recovery in IS. Moderate treadmill exercise enhanced the function of cEPC EXs. The levels of cEPC EXs and miR 126 correlated with the acute injury index of IS. The levels of cEPC EXs and miR 126 correlated... |
S0014488620301576 | Cerebral ischemia reperfusion after cardiac arrest induces mitochondrial dysfunction and the timely removal of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy is reported to protect against cerebral I R injury . Therapeutic hypothermia has become an important component of postresuscitation care for patients who return to spontaneous... | Slow rewarming improves outcomes and activates PINK1 Parkin mediated mitophagy. Mitophagy inhibition aggravates apoptosis and neuronal damage during slow rewarming. PINK1 and mitophagy deficiency are accompanied by increased ROS in fast rewarming. |
S0014488620301588 | Numerous genes and alterations in their expression have been identified as risk factors for developing levodopa induced dyskinesia . However our understanding of the complexities of molecular changes remains insufficient for development of | Identical dyskinesia severity during first ever vs chronic levodopa induces differential gene expression. Divergent responses of F344 and Lewis rats offer a novel model for understanding genetic modulators of dyskinesias. The currently accepted genotype to phenotype relationships of. is brought into question. Striatal ... |
S001448862030159X | In order to repair chronic nerve injuries the damaged nerve segments are resected and stumps are bridged by grafts . Autografts remain the gold standard but outcomes are typically poor even after long periods of recovery . In a recent study we described the use of a nerve lengthening device to gradually elongate the pr... | Recovery outcomes were similar when comparing nerve repairs by graft or lengthening. Nerve lengthening after chronic injury is viable and avoids need to harvest graft. Chronic and acute nerve injuries have very different outcomes. |
S0014488620301606 | Traumatic brain injury in children younger than 4years old results in cognitive and psychosocial deficits in adolescence and adulthood . At 4weeks following closed head injury on postnatal day 11 male and female rats exhibited impairment in novel object recognition memory along with an increase in open arm time in the ... | TBI in 11 day old rats results in cognitive deficits in adolescence. TBI results in increased excitatory drive in medial prefrontal cortex neurons. Progesterone attenuates both cognitive deficits and neuronal hyperexcitability. |
S0014488620301618 | Chronic hyperammonemia is a common condition affecting individuals with inherited urea cycle disorders resulting in progressive cognitive impairment and behavioral abnormalities . Altered neurotransmission has been proposed as major source of neuronal dysfunction during chronic hyperammonemia but the molecular pathomec... | Chronic hyperammonemia induces locomotor dysfunction and abnormal feeding behavior. Increased GAD activity causes hypoglutamatergic and hyperGABAergic alterations. Expression of GABA. receptor subunits alpha 1 gamma 2 and delta is upregulated. Propionate oxidation sufficiently compensates for the withdrawal of 2 oxoglu... |
S0014488620301655 | The present review explores the concept of learning within the context of neurorehabilitation after spinal cord injury . The aim of physical therapy and neurorehabilitation is to bring about a lasting change in functionto encourage learning . Traditionally it was assumed that the adult spinal cord is hardwiredimmutable... | Spinal cord injury SCI enables plasticity by reducing GABA dependent inhibition. Pain input after SCI induces sensitization fosters hemorrhage and impairs recovery. Controllable predictable stimulation increases BDNF and promotes adaptive plasticity. Neurorehabilitative strategies that involve relational learning have ... |
S0014488620301667 | Severe traumatic brain injury is the major cause of long term even life long disability and cognitive impairments in young adults . The lack of therapeutic approaches to improve recovery in the chronic phase of severe TBI is a big challenge to the medical research field . Using a single severe TBI model in young adult ... | SCF G CSF treatment in chronic severe TBI improves long term functional recovery. SCF G CSF treatment rebalances severe TBI induced overgrown of axons and synapses. SCF G CSF treatment in the chronic phase of severe TBI enhances remyelination. |
S0014488620301679 | Neutrophils are considered key participants in post ischemic stroke inflammation . They are the first white blood cells to arrive in ischemic brain and their presence in the brain tissue positively correlates with post ischemic injury severity . CXCL1 is a neutrophil attractant chemokine and the present study evaluates... | Novel mouse thromboembolic stroke model induced with platelet rich microemboli. Model increased brain CXCL1 levels and induced neutrophil accumulation in brain. A peripherally implanted CXCL1 soaked sponge redirected neutrophils from brain. The implant improved neurological outcome and reduced neuroinflammation in mice... |
S0014488620301849 | Cerebral edema is a clinical problem that frequently follows ischemic infarcts . Sulfonylurea receptor 1 is an inducible protein that can form a heteromultimeric complex with aquaporin 4 that mediate the ion water transport involved in brain tissue swelling . Transcription of the | Resveratrol reduces brain edema formation and increases survival in the MCAO model of ischemia. Resveratrol reduces DNA binding activity of the transcription factor SP1 in cerebral ischemia. Induced SUR1 expression in the brain during ischemia is down regulated by resveratrol. |
S0014488620301850 | Chemotherapy induced sensorimotor disabilities including gait and balance disorders as well as physical fatigue often persist for months and sometimes years into disease free survival from cancer . While associated with impaired sensory function chronic sensorimotor disorders might also depend on chemotherapy induced d... | Chemotherapy chronically impairs motoneuron repetitive firing. Deficits were restricted to intrinsic spike encoding properties contained in the central nervous system. Neurons exhibit reduced firing probability unpredictable firing frequencies and abolished control of rate modulation. Impaired balance in subthreshold N... |
S0014488620301862 | Large peripheral nerve defects require bridging substrates to restore tissue continuity and permit the regrowth of sensory and motor axons . We previously showed that cell free PN segments repopulated | Schwann cells genetically engineered to express different neurotrophic factors. Transduced Schwann cells added to nerve sheaths prior to peroneal nerve engraftment. Graft morphology and the amount of axon regeneration varied between graft types. The type of sensory neuron that regenerated varied depending on neurotroph... |
S0014488620301874 | Alterations in attention and inhibitory control are common features in several neurological disorders . Environmental factors such as exposure to pesticides have been linked to their appearance . Chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely used organophosphate compounds in the world . CPF exposure during development seems t... | CPF exposure decreased adult females locomotor activity. CPF exposure enhanced adult females learning rates at the early stages. Longer ITI unmasked an impulsive profile in the CPF exposed animals. CPF exposed animals were hyposensitive to a cholinergic system challenge. CPF exposure drastically reduced BDNF mRNA level... |
S0014488620301886 | Cognitive dysfunction is one of the most disabling non motor symptoms of Parkinson s disease though its pathological correlates still remain elusive . Hippocampal Lewy pathology has recently been correlated by compelling evidence from post mortem and imaging studies . Animal models recapitulating cognitive impairment i... | rAAV5 h synuclein injected bilaterally both into substantia nigra and dentate gyrus. Synuclein overexpressing animals showed mild but significant motor and cognitive impairments. Synuclein overexpression lead to TH. neuronal loss in SN with decreased synaptophysin levels in striatum. Despite no significant neuronal los... |
S0014488620301898 | Huntington s disease is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the widely expressed huntingtin protein . Multiple studies have indicated the importance of mutant huntingtin in astrocytes to HD pathogenesis . Astrocytes exhibit SNARE dependent exocytosis and gliotransmiss... | Using transgenic dnSNARE expression to block astrocytic SNARE dependent exocytosis has differential effects on behavior. Hampering astrocytic SNARE dependent exocytosis improved motor coordination in BACHD mice. BACHD mice were more anxious after a reduction in astrocytic SNARE dependent exocytosis. |
S0014488620301904 | The activation of tyrosine kinase receptor c Met by hepatocyte growth factor showed an anti apoptotic effect in numerous disease models . This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of the HGF c Met axis mediated anti apoptosis underlying the delayed recanalization in a rat model of middle cerebral ar... | Delayed recanalization at 3days after MCAO decreases infarction and improves neurobehavioral score in rats. Apoptosis can be detected at 6days after permanent MCAO and it is inhibited by delayed recanalization. HGF c Met pathway plays an important role in anti apoptotic effect observed after delayed recanalization. |
S0014488620301928 | The morphology and projections of ventral horn interneurones in the segment above an ipsilateral thoracic lateral spinal cord lesion were studied in the cat by intracellular injections of Neurobiotin at 6 to 18weeks post lesion and compared with previously published control data from uninjured spinal cords . The cell a... | Thoracic interneurones above a spinal cord injury were intracellularly labelled. This uncovered significant dendritic plasticity on interneurones. Interneurones had more axon collateral branches and larger termination areas. The axon collateral branches also terminated in new areas. These changes may have involved deto... |
S001448862030193X | The present study was designed to investigate the potential role and the mechanism of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 on neuronal apoptosis and neurological deficits after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats . One hundred and thirty four male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to two hours of MCAO followed ... | The expression time course of equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT1 after MCAO in rats. ENT1 inhibitior NBTI 15 mg kg reduced infarct volume and improved neurological function 24 and 72 hours after MCAO. NBTI treatment reversed the depletion of extracellular adenosine concentration and CREB phosphorylation after MC... |
S0014488620301941 | Acellular nerve allografts are increasingly used to repair nerve gaps following injuries . However these nerve scaffolds have yet to surpass the regenerative capabilities of cellular nerve autografts improved understanding of their regenerative mechanisms could improve design . Due to their acellular nature both angiog... | Nerve gaps repaired using ANAs require VEGF signaling for cell repopulation. Hematogenous derived CCR2 macrophages promote angiogenesis within ANAs. CCL2 signaling recruits macrophages within ANAs. A deficiency in CCL2 CCR2 signaling impairs nerve regeneration and recovery. |
S0014488620301953 | Owing to its potent longterm neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor is currently studied in neurodegenerative disease clinical trials . However little is known about the longterm effect of GDNF on neurological recovery brain remodeling and neuroplasticity in the post... | GDNF improves Blood Brain Barrier permeability in acute phase of brain injury. improves functional recovery which is associated with microvascular and tissue remodeling in subacute phase of brain injury. increases contralesional pyramidal tract plasticity. regulates axonal outgrowth and repulsive guidance molecules. |
S0014488620302041 | Neurofibromatosis type 1 is associated with higher rates of epilepsy compared to the general population . Some NF1 patients with epilepsy do not have intracranial lesions suggesting the genetic mutation itself may contribute to higher rates of epilepsy in these patients . We have recently demonstrated increased seizure... | mice have a faster neocortical kindling progression than WT mice. A subset of. mice develop SRSs after hippocampal or neocortical kindling which is not seen in WT mice. Electrical kindling induces an increase in the ratio of phosphorylated Akt and Erk proteins. Increased epileptogenicity in a non lesional model of. sug... |
S0014488620302053 | Receptor interacting protein kinase 3 regulates a newly discovered cell death form called necroptosis . RIPK3 nuclear translocation and inflammatory factor release are involved in necroptosis after rat global cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interactions... | RIPK3 AIF complex nuclear transfer mediates cell death after I R injury. Inhibitor GSK872 attenuates RIPK3 AIF complex enrichment in nucleus. Regulation of RIPK3 affects the JNK and IL 6 induced inflammation. JNK inflammatory signaling promotes the necroptosis initial. |
S0014488620302077 | Mechano growth factor is an alternatively spliced form of insulin like growth factor 1 that has shown to be neuroprotective against 6 hydroxydopamine toxicity and ischemic injury in the brain . MGF also induces neural stem cell proliferation in the hippocampus and preserves olfactory function in aging mice . Cisplatin ... | MGF prevents cisplatin induced thermal hyperalgesia. MGF and CMGF is protective against cisplatin induced cell death. MGF binds nucleolin and nucleolin antibody prevents protection. |
S0014488620302089 | Neurogenic bowel following spinal cord injury leads to decreased colonic motility remodeling of the neuromuscular compartment and results in chronic evacuation difficulties . The distal colon of the rat serves a dual role for fluid absorption and storage that is homologous to the descending colon of humans . Dysmotilit... | Inhibitory myenteric nNOS immunoreactive cells are reduced by injury. Excitatory neuromuscular signaling is diminished following spinal cord injury. Nitrergic slow inhibitory neuromuscular signaling is diminished following SCI. Purinergic fast inhibitory neuromuscular signaling was unaffected by SCI. Excitatory myenter... |
S0014488620302090 | Soldiers are often exposed to more than one traumatic brain injury over the course of their service . In recent years more attention has been drawn to the increased risk of neurological deficits caused by the blast plus polytrauma which typically is a blast trauma combined with other forms of TBI . In this study we inv... | Blast exposure predisposed the brain to increased neurological deficits on a subsequent blunt traumatic brain injury TBI . Blast and blunt TBI differed in the development of neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits. Blast TBI resulted in chronic hilar neuronal loss numbers similar to blunt TBI. |
S0014488620302119 | The trichothiodystrophy group A protein functions in nucleotide excision repair and basal transcription . TTDA plays a role in cancers and serves as a prognostic and predictive factor in high grade serous ovarian cancer however its role in human glioma remains unknown . Here we found that TTDA was overexpressed in glio... | TTDA was up regulated in glioma tissues and acted as an oncogene. TTDA promoted cell proliferation and inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis in glioma cells. TTDA inhibited glioma cell apoptosis through the p53 Bax Bcl2 mitochondrial pathway. TTDA was an upstream regulator of p53 mediated apoptosis and bound with the p53 g... |
S0014488620302120 | Spinal cord injury is a severe condition resulting in specific neurological symptoms depending on the level of damage . Approximately 60 of spinal cord injuries affect the cervical spinal cord resulting in complete or incomplete tetraplegia and higher mortality rates than injuries of the thoracic or lumbar region . Alt... | Description of a model for cervical spinal cord injury. Moderate bilateral contusion injury. Comprehensive behavioral assessment. |
S0014488620302144 | In the brain murine double minute 2 an E3 ubiquitin ligase modulates neuronal excitability by regulating glutamate receptor and postsynaptic density 95 levels through ubiquitination . Thus Mdm2 is relevant to epileptic seizures in human patients . Although phosphorylation at serine 166 site by AKT increases Mdm2 activi... | KA induced seizure activity increases PLPP CIN mediated Mdm2 S166 dephosphorylation. PLPP CIN mediated Mdm2 S166 dephosphorylation increases Mdm2 ubiquitination. PLPP CIN mediated increase in Mdm2 ubiquitination inhibits PSD95 ubiquitination. PLPP CIN mediated Mdm2 ubiquitination increases PSD95 NR2A binding. PLPP CIN ... |
S001448862030217X | Intracerebral hemorrhage is the common brain diseases in middle aged and elderly people with high disability and or mortality rate and is a serious public health concern . Both WNK3 kinase and the WNK3 SPAK NKCC1 signaling pathway play an integral role in maintaining normal cell homeostasis . However their role and und... | Protein levels of WNK3 increased significantly in brain tissues after ICH. Decreasing of WNK3 played neuroprotective effects in rats after ICH. Inhibition of WNK3 decreased OxyHb induced neuronal apoptosis. WNK3 participated in ICH induced secondary brain injury. |
S0014488620302181 | The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 is known to induce neuroprotective and anti inflammatory effects and is considered to be an excellent molecular target for drugs related to neurodegenerative disease therapy . Nrf2 activators previously tested in clinical trials were electrophilic cau... | KKC080106 was selected from a pyrazolo 3 4. pyrimidine library we constructed. It binds to Keap1 activates Nrf2 and elevates Nrf2 target gene expression. It suppresses the inflammatory signaling and production of the inflammatory markers. It prevents MPTP induced neurodegeneration microglial activation and motor defici... |
S0014488620302193 | CDKL5 deficiency disorder is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early onset epilepsy severe intellectual disability cortical visual impairment and motor disabilities . Epilepsy is a central feature of CDD with most patients having intractable seizures but seizure frequency and severity can vary ... | First report of spontaneous seizures in mouse models of CDKL5 deficiency disorder CDD . Characterization of the ictal and interictal features of epileptic spasms in. mutant mice. Analysis of the diurnal variation in EEG background abnormalities. |
S001448862030220X | Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion promotes the development of Alzheimer s pathology . However whether and how CCH impairs the synaptic vesicle trafficking is still unclear . In the present study we found that the hippocampal glutamatergic vesicle trafficking was impaired as indicated by a significant shortened delayed res... | Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion impairs hippocampal glutamatergic vesicle trafficking. MicroRNA 153 binds. and downregulates synapsin I expression. Knockdown of microRNA 153 rescues hippocampal vesicle trafficking in 2VO rats. |
S0014488620302211 | Because environmental elements modify chronic pain development and endogenous mechanisms of pain control are still a great therapeutic source we investigated the effects of an early exposure to environmental enrichment in a translational model of neuropathic pain . Young male rats born and bred in an enriched environme... | Early environmental enrichment EE attenuates nerve injury outcomes. EE induces endorphin and met enkephalin systemic release after CCI. EE controls spinal CCI induced serotonin increase. Neuropathic markers are differentially expressed in enriched animals after CCI. EE reduces CCI induced Wallerian degeneration. |
S0014488620302223 | Volume regulated anion channels are critically involved in regulating cell volume and leucine rich repeat containing protein 8A is an obligatory subunit of VRACs . Cell swelling occurs early after brain ischemia but it is unclear whether neuronal LRRC8a contributes to ischemia induced glutamate release and brain injury... | Cerebral ischemia transiently increases LRRC8A protein levels in the hippocampus. LRRC8A is essential for hippocampal neuronal VRAC activity increased by ischemia. LRRC8A is required for hypotonicity potentiated glutamatergic input to neurons. LRRC8A dependent VRACs contribute to brain injury caused by cerebral ischemi... |
S0014488620302235 | Although it has been documented that central nervous system pericytes are able to contract in response to physiological pharmacological or pathological stimuli the underlying mechanism of pericyte contractility is incompletely understood especially in downstream pericytes that express low amounts of alpha smooth muscle... | Mechanisms of CNS pericyte contractility are incompletely understood. Noradrenaline promoted F actin polymerization in retinal microvascular pericytes. F actin polymerization was more pronounced in pericytes on downstream capillaries. They contracted tide like suggesting a role for regulating capillary tone and flow. F... |
S0014488620302247 | Neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury remains a devastating clinical disease associated with high mortality and lifetime disability . Neonatal HI injury damages the architecture of neurovascular unit thus therapy targeting the NVU may provide effective neuroprotection against HI . This study was designed to investigat... | FGF10 decreases neuronal death via inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. FGF10 attenuates the activation of microglia and astrocytes through modulating TLR4 NF B signaling pathway. FGF10 ameliorates blood brain barrier disruption via reducing tight junction and adherens junction proteins degradation and pericytes loss. FGF10 ... |
S0014488620302259 | MicroRNAs are an abundant class of small non coding regulatory RNAs that operate as prominent modulators of mammalian gene expression . It is now well established that post transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays a vital role in both physiological and pathological processes such as neural development and ne... | MicroRNA functions involved in neurogenesis during neural development. MicroRNAs play an essential role in diverse molecular events in stem cells. MicroRNAs hold therapeutic potentials in tissue engineering for neural regeneration. |
S0014488620302260 | Spinal cord injury above the lumbosacral level results in lower urinary tract dysfunction including detrusor hyperreflexia wherein bladder compliance is low and a lack of external urethral sphincter control leading to detrusor sphincter dyssynergia with poor voiding efficiency . Experimental studies in animals have sho... | NLX 112 improves LUT function after chronic complete SCI. NLX 112 improves LUT function after chronic contusive SCI. The regulation of LUT function by NLX 112 is in a dose dependent manner. The effect of NLX 112 in LUT function can be reversed by its antagonist. |
S0014488620302272 | Huntington disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of a polyglutamine repeat in the huntingtin protein . Aberrant activation of caspase 6 and cleavage of mutant HTT generating the toxic N terminal 586 HTT fragment are important steps in the pathogenesis of HD . Similarly alter... | Caspase 6 activation mutant 586 HTT fragments and cell death can be reduced by IGF 1. The IGF system is impaired at multiple levels in HD striatal cell and HD mouse tissues. Increasing IGF 1 bioavailability by correcting the IGF 1 signaling system may potentiate its therapeutic benefit. |
S0014488620302296 | We investigated the ability of agmatine to potentiate the antidepressant like and synaptic effects of ketamine in mice . Agmatine and ketamine produced an antidepressant like effect in the tail suspension test . The combination of agmatine and ketamine at subthreshold doses produced an antidepressant like effect 1h 24h... | The synergism of agmatine and ketamine produces an antidepressant like effect. Agmatine potentiates ketamine s dendritic arbors and spines remodeling effects. Agmatine s enhancer effects of ketamine involves Akt S6K signaling activation. Agmatine augments ketamine s effects in a time dependent manner. |
S0014488620302302 | After cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury pro inflammatory M1 like and anti inflammatory M2 like phenotypes of microglia are involved in neuroinflammation in which NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role . Kv1.3 channel has been recognized as neuro immunomodulatory target but it is not clear as to its role in the n... | Kv1.3 channel blockade produced neuroprotective effect in MCAO R model. Kv1.3 channel blockade reshaped microglial phenotypes from M1 towards M2 and compromised inflammasome activation in microglia after cerebral ischemic injury. Kv1.3 channel blockade may provide a promising neuro immunomodulatory strategy for ischemi... |
S0014488620302326 | Despite the shift in the demographics of traumatic spinal cord injury with increased proportion of injuries in the elderly little is known on the potential effects of old age on the pathobiology of SCI . Since there is an assumption that age adversely affects neural response to SCI this study examines the clinically re... | This study examined the potential effects of age on pathobiology of SCI using a unique collection of post mortem spinal cord tissue. Our results indicate that age at the time of injury does not adversely affect the cellular inflammatory response to SCI. Our results also suggest that age at the SCI onset does not influe... |
S0014488620302405 | Closed head traumatic brain injury is a worldwide concern with increasing prevalence and cost to society . Rotational acceleration is a primary mechanism in TBI that results from tissue strains that give rise to diffuse axonal injury . The Closed Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration was recently intr... | CHIMERA provides a clinically important rotational acceleration model for brain injuries in mice and and ferrets. There have been 19 published papers primarily using adult male mice with two 0.5 Joule impacts separated by 24 h. CHIMERA studies report robust changes including motor and cognitive deficits and diffuse axo... |
S0014488620302429 | Exosomes secreted by microglia have been found to play a role in neurovascular unit injury under the ischemic hypoxic state . However the modulatory effect of exosomes shuttled miRNAs produced by microglia in endothelial cells remains undefined . Here an oxygen glucose deprivation model was constructed both in microgli... | Exosomes from OGD indudced microglia aggravated BMEC injury. Inhibiting miR 424 5p shuttled in the microglial exosomes significantly ameliorated BMEC injury. MiR 424 5p targeted FGF2 and inhibited FGF2mediated STAT3 signaling pathway. Inhibition of miR 424 5p markedly reduced neurological dysfunctions and endothelial c... |
S0014488620302430 | Follistatin like 1 also named transforming growth factor 1inducible gene is a secreted extracellular glycoprotein expressing widely in nervous system . Several recent studies have revealed that FSTL1 plays an essential role in neurological diseases including neuropathic pain and ischemic stroke . It proves that FSTL1 s... | mice exhibit memory deficits and synaptic plasticity impairments. mice exhibit abnormal neural oscillations in the hippocampus. mice exhibit 55 up regulated and 184 down regulated genes in hippocampus. Fstl1 may be a novel target for the neurological diseases with cognitive impairment. |
S0014488620302442 | Parkinson s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease . Pharmacotherapy with L DOPA remains the gold standard therapy for PD but is often limited by the development of the common side effect of L DOPA induced dyskinesia which can become debilitating . The only effective treatment for disabling dyskine... | Ketamine attenuates the development of L DOPA induced dyskinesia in rodents. Ketamine also has an acute anti parkinsonian activity. The long term effects of ketamine depend on BDNF signaling in the striatum. Maladaptive striatal dendritic mushroom spines are reduced by ketamine. Mushroom spine density in the striatum c... |
S0014488620302454 | MicroRNAs are powerful regulators of CNS development and diseases . Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid miRs have recently been implicated as potential new sources for biomarker development . Previously we showed that miR 124 3p an essential miR for neuronal identity is highly abundant in neuronal exosomes and its expressio... | miR 124 3p expression levels are decreased in mid staged SOD1G93A spinal motor neurons. Increased extracellular localization of miR 124 3p in lumbar cord in diseased SOD1G93A mice. Increased association between miR 124 3p and neuron derived exosomes in SOD1G93A mice. Positive correlation of CSF miR 124 3p abundance and... |
S0014488620302466 | Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications in diabetic patients . Though the exact mechanism for DPN is unknown it clearly involves metabolic dysfunction and energy failure in multiple cells within the peripheral nervous system . Lactate is an alternate source of metabolic energy that is inc... | MCT1 is reduced in sciatic nerve and DRG of streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Reducing MCT1 worsens experimental diabetic neuropathy in mice. Reducing MCT1 led to greater nerve demyelination after induction of diabetes. |
S0014488620302570 | Spinal cord injury often results in devastating effects on function and quality of life . The majority of SCIs occur in the cervical region with restoration of arm and hand function being the highest priority by patients . Current restoration strategies rely on maximizing and optimally redistributing residual muscle fu... | Nerve transfers are a powerful intervention for functional recovery following spinal cord injury. Comparison of nerve versus tendon transfers. Role for nerve transfers in the lower body. Future strategies to enhance nerve transfer approaches. |
S0014488620302582 | The dopamine D2 like receptor agonist ropinirole is often used for early and middle stage Parkinson s disease . However this D2 like agonism based strategy has a complicating problem D2 like agonism may activate D2 autoreceptors on the residual DA neurons in the PD brain potentially inhibiting these residual DA neurons... | Ropinirole is often used for early middle stage Parkinson s disease PD . D2 like agonism may activate D2 autoreceptors on the residual dopamine neurons. Systemic ropinirole inhibits motor activity in early middle stage PD mouse model. Striatal ropinirole injection stimulates motor activity in same PD mouse model. Syste... |
S0014488620302594 | Chronic pain is one of the most challenging and debilitating symptoms to manage after traumatic brain injury yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive . The disruption of normal endogenous pain control mechanisms has been linked to several forms of chronic pain and may play a role in pain after TBI . We hypothesized... | DNIC is an endogenous pain control mechanism lost after TBI in rats. Augmenting descending NA signaling via RBX fails to restore DNIC after TBI. Blocking pronociceptive serotonergic signaling after TBI also fails to restore DNIC. Augmenting the serotoninergic inhibitory pain pathway via SSRIs does restore DNIC after TB... |
S0014488620302624 | Astrocytic Yes associated protein has been implicated in astrocytic proliferation and differentiation in the developing neocortex . However the role of astrocytic YAP in diseases of the nervous system remains poorly understood . Here we hypothesized that astrocytic YAP exerted a neuroprotective effect against cerebral ... | There was an increase of nuclear YAP in astrocytes instead of neurons and microglia in response to ischemia stroke. Astrocytic nuclear YAP was involved in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Nuclear localization of astrocytic YAP exerted a neuroprotective effect via inhibition of the STAT3 signaling. YAP is a promisi... |
S0014488620302636 | mutations cause Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and lead to mechanistic target of rapamycin hyperactivation evidenced by hyperphosphorylation of ribosomal S6 protein and 4 elongation factor binding protein 1 . Amino acid levels modulate mTOR dependent S6 and 4E BP1 phosphorylation in non neural cells but this has not been c... | TSC is highly associated with epilepsy and autism caused by mutations in. or. mTOR pathway hyperactivation is abolished by amino acid deprivation in. KO cells. mTOR pathway hyperactivation is not abolished by amino acid deprivation in. KO cells. Response of mTOR signaling to nutrients may have relevance for clinical th... |
S0014488620302648 | GABAergic neurons in the rostromedial tegmental nucleus receive major input from the lateral habenula which conveys negative reward and motivation related information and project intensively to midbrain dopamine neurons including those in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra pars compacta . The RMTg VTA circ... | The activation of the RMTg SNc pathway caused aversive and despair behavior. Activating the pathway inhibited firing rates of SNc putative dopamine neurons. Inhibiting the circuit reversed behavior despair in CRS depression model. |
S001448862030265X | Sigma 1 receptors have been implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders and are a novel target for the treatment of such disorders . Sig 1R expression activity deficits are linked to neurodegeneration whereas the mechanisms mediated by Sig 1R are still unclear . Here presynaptic | Sigma 1R antagonist NE 100 has biphasic effects on synaptosomal GABA uptake. NE 100 mitigates hypoxia associated transporter mediated glutamate release. NE 100 decreases synaptosomal KCl evoked exocytotic release of GABA glutamate. Ionomycin stimulated release of GABA glutamate is not affected by NE 100. Therefore NE 1... |
S0014488620302673 | Despite the ability of peripheral nerves to regenerate after injury failure occurs due to an inability of supporting cells to maintain growth resulting in long term consequences such as sensorimotor dysfunction and neuropathic pain . Here we investigate the potential of engaging the cellular adaptive response to hypoxi... | Mimicking the hypoxia response accelerates functional nerve regeneration. Hypoxia mimicry attenuates neuropathic pain following nerve injury. Deleting hypoxia response inhibitors protects denervated muscle fibres from atrophy. Altered macrophage polarization may account for hypoxiamimetic effects. |
S0014488620302697 | Peripheral nerve injuries can significantly reduce quality of life . While some recover most do not recover fully resulting in neuropathic pain and loss of sensation and motor function . Research on the mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration could elucidate poor patient outcomes and potential treatments . This stu... | Brain derived neurotrophic factor is needed for pudendal nerve regeneration. TrkB Fc decreases peripheral free brain derived neurotrophic factor. TrkB Fc administration decreases PN motoneuron beta II tubulin expression. |
S0014488620302739 | Hypoxic ischemic brain injury is one of the most common neurological problems occurring in premature and full term infants after perinatal complications . Hypothermia is the only treatment approved for HI encephalopathy in newborns . However this treatment is only partially protective can not be used to treat premature... | Exogenous inter alpha inhibitor proteins IAIPs reduce severe hypoxic ischemic injury. Exogenous IAIPs decrease hypoxic ischemic infarction volumes in males and females. IAIP treatment after a 1h reduces hypoxic ischemic infarction volumes in male rats. |
S0014488620302855 | Individuals with demyelinating diseases often experience difficulties during social interactions that are not well studied in preclinical models . Here we describe a novel juvenile focal corpus callosum demyelination murine model exhibiting a social interaction deficit . Using this preclinical murine demyelination mode... | A focal corpus callosum demyelination model exhibits a social interaction deficit. Metformin reverses the social interaction deficit caused by focal demyelination. Metformin promotes white matter remyelination following focal demyelination. Metformin promotes oligodendrocyte regeneration through phosphorylating CBP Ser... |
S0014488620302892 | Chemotherapy induced peripheral neurotoxicity represents one of the most relevant dose limiting side effects that can affect cancer patients treated with the common antineoplastic agents . Since the severity of neurotoxicity often leads to dose reduction or early cessation of chemotherapy the investigation of molecular... | Different mouse models of oxaliplatin induced peripheral neurotoxicity are described. Great variability exists among different mouse models. Evaluation of the results are often limited to behavioural tests. Multimodal assessment increases the reliability of animal models. Animal models and investigation methods should ... |
S0014488620302909 | Ketamine has been reported to exert a prophylactic effect against stress induced depressive like behavior by modulating the guanosine based purinergic system . However the molecular pathways underlying its prophylactic effect and whether guanosine also elicits a similar effect remain to be determined . Here we investig... | CORT induces depressive like behavior and hippocampal synaptogenic markers deficits. Ketamine prevents CORT induced behavioral and hippocampal synaptogenic alterations. Guanosine or fluoxetine are unable to prevent the alterations induced by CORT. Ketamine plus guanosine partially prevent CORT induced reduced self care... |
S0014488620302910 | Selective elimination of respiratory motor neurons using intrapleural injections of cholera toxin B fragment conjugated to saporin mimics motor neuron death and respiratory deficits observed in rat models of neuromuscular diseases . This CTB SAP model allows us to study the impact of motor neuron death on the output of... | Phrenic motor neuron loss induces shifts in signaling mechanisms for pLTF. pLTF observed in 7d CTB SAP treated rats requires the new synthesis of TrkB. Both PI3K Akt and MEK ERK signaling contribute to pLTF in 7d CTB SAP rats. pLTF is elicited through BDNF and MEK ERK signaling in 28d CTB SAP rats. |
S0014488620302922 | We investigated whether type 2 diabetes mellitus a risk factor of stroke affects the level of scavenger receptor CD36 and the uptake of its ligand oxidized LDL and whether pioglitazone a drug that enhances CD36 promotes oxLDL uptake . Compared to normoglycemic db mice adult db db mice showed a pronounced reduction in s... | CD36 levels markedly reduced in myeloid cells of the adult but not of juvenile T2DM mice. Soluble CD36 levels increased in the adult T2DM mice. T2DM or high glucose impairs uptake of oxLDL in BMDM cells. Pioglitazone enhances CD36 levels in diabetic cells and oxLDL uptake. |
S0014488620302934 | Traumatic brain injury has been regarded as one of the leading cause of injury related death and disability . White matter injury after TBI is characterized by axon damage and demyelination resulting in neural network impairment and neurological deficit . Brain derived neurotrophic factor can promote white matter repai... | Bexarotene promotes axon sprouting after traumatic brain injury in mice. Bexarotene increases microglia macrophages specific brain derived neuroptrophic factor expression after traumatic brain injury. Bexarotene promotes microglia towards anti iflammatory state after traumatic brain injury in mice. |
S0014488620302958 | Neuroinflammation is one of the most common etiology in various neurological disorders and responsible for multi array neurotoxic manifestations such as neurodegeneration neurotransmitters alteration and cognitive dysfunction . NR is a natural bioactive molecule which possesses significant antioxidant and anti inflamma... | Cyclophosphamide 200mg kg i.p. induced significant neurotoxicity. in hippocampus and cortex of Swiss Albino mice. Nerolidol nanoformulation NR NLC 200 and nerolidol suspension NR 200 at the dose of 200mg kg p.o. were evaluated for neuroprotective effect. Molecular docking study revealed potential interaction profile of... |
S001448862030296X | Activation of amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxazolepropionic acid receptors increases phrenic motor output . Ampakines are a class of drugs that are positive allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors . We hypothesized that 1 ampakines can stimulate phrenic activity after incomplete cervical spinal cord injury and 2 pairin... | Cervical spinal cord injury cSCI impairs phrenic motor output PMO . Ampakines are positive allosteric modulators of AMPA receptors. Ampakine CX717 increased bilateral PMO at 2 and 8weeks post cSCI. Ampakines may help restore respiratory muscle activation after cSCI. |
S0014488620302971 | Senescence was recently linked to neurodegeneration and astrocytes are one of the major cell types to turn senescent under neurodegenerative conditions . Senescent astrocytes were detected in Parkinson s disease patients brains besides reactive astrocytes yet the difference between senescent and reactive astrocytes is ... | Senescent astrocytes express a unique transcriptome pattern. A proinflammatory state is activated in both senescent and reactive astrocytes. Stress induced senescence in astrocytes depends at least in part on active mTOR and DDR signaling. The PD linked pesticide rotenone induces astrocyte senescence. Human. duplicatio... |
S0014488620302995 | A major portion of individuals affected by traumatic spinal cord injury experience one or more types of chronic neuropathic pain which is often intractable to currently available treatments . The availability of reliable behavioral assays in pre clinical models of SCI induced NP is therefore critical to assess the effi... | Cervical spinal cord injury mice exhibit increased facial grimace features. Grimace testing can be used to assess spontaneous neuropathic pain in SCI mice. |
S0014488620303125 | Retinal ganglion cell death causes irreversible blindness in adult mammals . Death of RGC occurs in diseases including glaucoma or injuries to the optic nerve . To investigate mechanisms involved in RGC degeneration we evaluated the phosphoproteomic changes in the retina induced by ON injury . Intraorbital optic nerve ... | Intraorbital optic nerve crush affected retinal protein phosphorylation. A variety of proteins cellular components processes and pathways were activated. Phosphoprotein PEA15 may regulate astrocyte reactivity induced by optic nerve injury. |
S0014488620303137 | Wnt5b a member of Wnt family plays multiple roles in tumor progression and metastasis . However whether Wnt5b contributes to the sensitization of dorsal root ganglia neurons and pathogenesis of bone cancer pain still remains unclear . Here we found that the protein expression of Wnt5b and its atypical tyrosine protein ... | Wnt5b Ryk signal participates in the development of bone cancer pain. Wnt5b enhances the firing discharge frequency of small diameter DRG neurons. Wnt5b induces the functional upregulation of P2X3 receptors in DRG neurons. |
S0014488620303150 | Vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia contribute significantly to the morbidity mortality associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage . While considerable research effort has focused on preventing or reversing vasospasm SAH induced brain injury occurs in response to a multitude of concomitantly acting pathophy... | Hypoxic preconditioning protects against deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Hypoxic preconditioning induces robust upregulation of SIRT1. SIRT1 mediates hypoxic preconditioning induced protection in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Resveratrol mimics preconditioning induced protection in subarachnoid hemorrhage. |
S0014488620303216 | Alzheimer s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus have a common pathology . Both diseases are characterized by local deposition of amyloid proteins in the brain or islet organ but their phenotypes and clinical manifestation vary widely . Although the sources of islet amyloid polypeptide and amyloid beta are independent ... | hIAPP generated from pancreatic islet deposits in hippocampus of hIAPP transgenic mice. Exogenous A. interacted with hIAPP in hippocampus and aggravated the amyloid deposition with aging in hIAPP transgenic mice. Interaction of A. and hIAPP reduced synapse and adult stem cells in hippocampus. Interaction of A. and hIAP... |
S001448862030323X | Women with catamenial epilepsy often experience increased seizure burden near the time of ovulation or menstruation . To date a rodent model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy that exhibits similar endogenous fluctuations in seizures has not been identified . Here we investigated whether seizure burden changes with the ... | Convolutional neural network machine learning method detects seizures in mice. IHKA female mice show increased seizure burden on proestrus and estrus. Higher seizure burden on diestrus correlated with larger cycle associated differences. IHKA mouse model may be useful in modeling catamenial like seizure exacerbation. |
S0021961418309200 | The paper presents the results of the Pb Sb Bi ternary system thermodynamic study . Experimental data were obtained using the EMF method in the temperature range from 873 to 973K . The alloys compositions related to the concentration triangle projections with ratios of antimony and bismuth mole fractions | The equilibrium potentials of Pb Sb Bi alloys in the KCl PbCl2 50 50mol melt were measured. The integral properties of the Pb Sb Bi system were calculated. The excess integral functions and integral enthalpy are illustrated in the concentration triangle. The values of excess integral Gibbs energy and entropy are found. |
S0021961418311698 | In continuation to our prior investigational studies on the interactions between binary mixtures of alkoxy alkanols and alcohols here we report density speed of sound FT IR as well as NMR analysis of 2 ethanol CH | Binary mixtures of 2 2 butoxyethoxy ethanol with alcohols have been studied at different temperatures. Strong H bonding interactions between the components are confirmed that decreases with increasing chain length of alcohols. FT IR and NMR studies strongly corroborate the experimental and computational analysis result... |
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