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S0014483520305492 | Retinitis pigmentosa is a collection of heterogenous genetic retinal disorders resulting in cumulative retinal deterioration involving progressive loss of photoreceptors and eventually in total blindness . Oxidative stress plays a central role in this photoreceptor loss . Gypenosides are the main functional component i... | Gypenosides reduce photoreceptor death in a zebrafish retinitis pigmentosa RP model. Gypenosides enhance antioxidative capacity in a zebrafish RP model. Gypenosides suppress ROS production and inflammation in a zebrafish RP model. Gypenosides have therapeutic potential for retinal degeneration. |
S0014483520305510 | This human primary co culture model using human retinal microvascular endothelial cells and human retinal pericyte cells aims to improve current understanding of the cellular changes occurring in the retinal microvasculature during diabetic retinopathy . Currently patients often present in clinic with late stage DR onl... | hREC and hRP were successfully cultured long term without dedifferentiation. In vitro hypoxic and hyperglycaemic conditions induced a diabetic like environment. The endothelial barrier was maintained in healthy and diabetic long term culture. hRP formed physical cytoplasmic contacts with hREC through pores in the BM mi... |
S0014483520305522 | Most patients with chronic dry eye disease have episodic flares which can be triggered by a variety of activities and environmental stresses . These flares are typically associated with rapid exacerbation of discomfort symptoms followed by prolonged elevation of inflammation . In an acute flare ocular surface inflammat... | Episodic inflammatory flares occur in most patients with chronic dry eye disease. Flares typically show rapid onset followed by prolonged exacerbation of symptoms. Flares result from complex inflammatory cascades. Increased understanding of flares may guide management and improve outcomes. |
S0014483520305534 | The lacrimal functional unit regulates tear production composition distribution and clearance to maintain a stable protective tear layer that is essential for maintaining corneal epithelial health . Dysfunction of the LFU commonly referred to as dry eye leads to increased tear osmolarity and levels of inflammatory medi... | This review highlights the effects of dry eye on the corneal epithelium. The corneal epithelium has an essential function of protecting the cornea from environmental insults and inflammation. It also shields the nociceptors in the cornea from damage and sensitizing agents. Reduced volume and tear compositional changes ... |
S0014483520305546 | Transient intraocular pressure elevations are likely to occur in certain forms of glaucoma and after intravitreal injections to treat various retinal diseases . However the impact of these transient IOP elevations on the physiology of individual retinal ganglion cells is unknown . In this report we explore how transien... | We transiently elevated IOP to high levels in mice. We assessed RGCs function at three time points after IOP elevation. We assessed retinal vascular anatomy and RGC numbers at one time point after IOP elevation. Multiple aspects of RGC function were abnormal after IOP elevation and these had different patterns of recov... |
S001448352030556X | The highly innervated cornea is susceptible to nerve loss secondary to systemic diseases such as diabetes and metabolic disturbances caused by high fat diet . In this study we characterize the effect of high fat diet on the mouse corneal neuroimmune phenotype including changes to corneal nerve density and resident immu... | Research highlights Jiao et al. The effect of high fat diet induced metabolic disturbance on corneal neuroimmune phenotype. High fat diet in mice differentially affects corneal sensory nerve plexi. Intraepithelial CD45. cells and macrophages are affected in the corneas of high fat diet mice. Endothelial cells and corne... |
S0014483520305704 | In piglets we tested the applicability of digital video microscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for non invasive assessments of limbal and bulbar conjunctival microcirculation . | Digital microscopy and spectroscopy can record microvascular data from conjunctiva. Analyzed results quantify oxygen delivery from capillaries. Capacity for capillary oxygen delivery is higher in limbus compared with bulbus. |
S0014483520305820 | Although the triggers causing angiogenesis in the context of neovascular age related macular degeneration are not fully understood oxidative stress is likely involved . Oxidative stress in the eye can occur through exposure of macular tissues to sunlight and local or systemic exposure to oxidative stressors associated ... | Analyses of 16 plasma trace element levels in neovascular AMD patients vs controls. Barium and cadmium are elevated in 236 cases compared to 236 age matched controls. Chromium levels are reduced in the neovascular AMD patients compared to controls. Environmental and lifestyle factors affect trace element levels in neov... |
S0014483520305844 | The Descemet s membrane and the lens capsule are two ocular basement membranes that are essential in maintaining stability and structure of the cornea and lens . In this study we investigated the proteomes and biomechanical properties of these two materials to uncover common and unique properties . We also screened for... | Using mass pectrometry the protein composition of the lens capsule LC and the Descemet s membrane DM was determined. Atomic Force Microscopy was utilized to investigate the biomechanical properties of the LC and the DM. The protein composition of the LC and DM show significant differences. The DM is stiffer than the LC... |
S0014483520306072 | Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is the most common cause of secondary open angle glaucoma worldwide . Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene Lysyl oxidase like 1 | LOXL1 expression is decreased in Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma. Decreased expression of LOXL1 is orchestrated via DNA methylation. Global methylation and LOXL1 promoter methylation are increased in PXFG. The methylation inhibitor 5 azacytidine restores LOXL1 expression. |
S0014483520306151 | To investigate the optical transmittance and ultrastructure of small incision lenticule extraction derived lenticules preserved via three different methods . A total of 90 lenticules obtained from myopic patients undergoing SMILE surgery were divided into control and experimental groups . Fresh lenticules served as the... | This study compared optical transmittance and ultrastructure of SMILE derived lenticules subjected to three different preservative methods. Glycerol silicone oil and silica gel could be used for lenticule preservation. Silica gel facilitates better maintenance of optical transmittance. |
S0014488618303236 | To establish an animal model for posttraumatic stress disorder in burn injured patients . Thermal injured mice with 15 total body surface area were subjected to a series of neurobehavioral tests at 1 and 3months postburn . Brains were collected for analysis of key molecules expression spleens for T cell function analys... | Burn mice manifested long lasting improved spatial and contextual fear memories corresponding to the re experiencing symptom in PTSD. The worsened coping ability and sociability of burn injured mice resembles the negative mood symptoms in PTSD. Burn mice showed extremely higher locomotion throughout the tests mimicking... |
S0014488619302109 | Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system characterized by locomotor impairments cognitive deficits affective disorders and chronic pain . Females are predominately affected by MS compared to males and develop motor symptoms earlier . However key symptoms affect all patients regardless ... | nPTX EAE reflects some aspects female and male MS motor and sensory deficits. Behavioral deficits are seen in both female and male EAE. Macrophage mediated innate immune response is stronger in males. Synaptic protein expression are sexually dimorphic but favor excitatory signaling. |
S0014488619302110 | The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is essential in basal ganglia motor circuits and has long been thought to contribute to cell death and degeneration in Parkinson s disease . While previous research has shown a significant role of NMDA and AMPA receptors in both excitotoxicity and PD the third class of ionotrop... | UBP310 protects dopaminergic neurons from MPTP neurotoxicity. Single deletion of GluK1 GluK2 or GluK3 does not protect DA neurons from MPTP. Single deletion of GluK1 GluK2 or GluK3 does not alter the effects of UBP310. Suggests UBP310 does not mediate its effect via these receptor subunits alone. |
S0014488619302158 | Ischemic stroke is the most common type of cerebrovascular event and is responsible for approximately 85 of all strokes in Taiwan . Neurons contain high concentrations of polyamines which are prone to various pathological states in the brain and are perturbed after cerebral ischemia . Acrolein an unsaturated aldehyde h... | A deregulated acrolein metabolism is found in stroke patients. Acrolein is produced resulting in brain damage in MCAO animal model. Acrolein occurs through SSAT induced polyamine oxidation by NF kB pathway. Acrolein elicits a vicious cycling of oxidative stress resulting in neurotoxicity. acetylcysteine prevents OGD in... |
S001448861930216X | Respiratory motor neuron survival is critical for maintenance of adequate ventilation and airway clearance preventing dependence to mechanical ventilation and respiratory tract infections . Phrenic motor neurons are highly vulnerable in rodent models of motor neuron disease versus accessory inspiratory motor pools . Th... | Intrapleural cholera toxin beta subunit CtB conjugated saporin administration causes toxic phrenic motor neuron death. Intrapleural CtB Saporin causes upregulation of neuronal A2A receptors prior to phrenic motor neuron death. A2A receptor inhibition protects phrenic motor neurons from death and preserves diaphragm act... |
S0014488619302171 | The adult mammalian central nervous system rarely recovers from injury . Myelin fragments contain axonal growth inhibitors that limit axonal regeneration thus playing a major role in determining neural recovery . Nogo receptor 1 and its ligands are among the inhibitors that limit axonal regeneration . It has been previ... | LOTUS Tg rats allowed the study of endogenous NgR1 antagonist function. LOTUS was overexpressed in the cervical spinal cord after unilateral pyramidotomy. LOTUS Tg rats had faster functional improvement after unilateral pyramidotomy. LOTUS promoted neural plasticity and unlesioned cortexdenervated side connection. LOTU... |
S0014488619302201 | Targeting interhemispheric inhibition using brain stimulation has shown potential for enhancing stroke recovery . Following stroke increased inhibition originating from the contralesional hemisphere impairs motor activation in ipsilesional areas . We have previously reported that low intensity electrical theta burst st... | Three weeks of contralesional electrical intermittent theta burst stimulation from 10 days post stroke enhances recovery in rats. Functional recovery following contralesional stimulation positively correlates with excitability of the ipsilesional cortex. Interhemispheric inhibition negatively correlates with ipsilesion... |
S0014488619302213 | Following injury sensory axons locally translate mRNAs that encode proteins needed for the response to injury locally and through retrograde signaling and for regeneration . In this study we addressed the mechanism and role of axotomy induced intra axonal translation of the ER chaperone Calreticulin . In vivo periphera... | Axotomy increase axonal Calreticulin translation in the PNS. Injury induced PERK dependent Phospho eIF2 triggers axonal Calreticulin translation. Control of Calreticulin translation in axons requires both 5 and 3UTR mRNA motifs. Calreticulin translation in cut axons reduces retraction and facilitates regeneration. |
S0014488619302225 | During mammalian embryonic development sensory and motor axons interact as an integral part of the pathfinding process . During regeneration however little is known of their interactions with one another . It is thus possible that sensory axons might influence motor axon regeneration in ways not currently appreciated .... | The interaction of regenerating color coded sensory and motor axons is studied in a new. model of post natal mammalian mixed nerve regeneration. Sensory axons regenerate more rapidly than motor axons. Regenerating motor axons adhere to sensory axons throughout most of their course. Interaction with sensory axons inhibi... |
S0014488619302237 | Nerve graft reconstruction of gap defects may result in poor clinical outcomes particularly with long regeneration distances . Electrical stimulation of nerves may improve outcomes in such patients . A single session of ES at 20Hz for 1h significantly enhances axon regeneration in animals and human subjects after nerve... | A single 1h session of 20Hz direct nerve electrical stimulation enhances axon regeneration through nerve autografts. Direct nerve electrical stimulation increases axonal branching through nerve autografts. A second delayed 1h session of 20Hz direct nerve electrical stimulation does not further enhance axon regeneration... |
S0014488619302249 | Obstructive sleep apnea a chronic sleep disorder characterized by repetitive reduction or cessation of airflow during sleep is widely prevalent and is associated with adverse neurocognitive sequelae including increased risk of Alzheimer s disease . In humans OSA is more common in elderly males . OSA is characterized by... | Age and hypoxia severity increase neuronal GABA labeling in male mice. Female mice show no changes in GABA labeling following chronic intermittent hypoxia. In young hypoxic mice DG somatostatin increased in males and decreased in females. Vesicular GABA transporter was affected in accelerated ovarian failure females on... |
S0014488619302250 | HIV associated neurocognitive disorders continue to persist despite effective control of viral replication . Although the mechanisms underlying HAND are poorly understood recent attention has focused on altered neuronal population activity as a correlate of impaired cognition . However while alterations in neuronal pop... | Altered brain oscillations have been previously reported in HIV patients. Increased MMP expression and PNN proteolysis is observed in HIV brain tissue. PNN degradation in murine hippocampal slices results in increased gamma power. Aberrant PNN proteolysis may underlie altered brain oscillations in HIV patients. |
S0014488619302274 | Migraine is a complex brain disorder that involves abnormal activation of the trigeminocervical complex . Since an increase of oxytocin concentration has been found in cerebrospinal fluid in migrainous patients and intranasal oxytocin seems to relieve migrainous pain some studies suggest that the hypothalamic neuropept... | The trigeminocervical complex TCC is involved in migraine and dural nociception. Oxytocin at TCC inhibits the dural evoked nociception. Blockade of oxytocin receptors OTR at TCC abolished the OXT induced antinociception. Relevance of oxytocinergic neurotransmission modulating migraine is suggested. |
S0014488619302298 | Phosphatase and tensin homolog induced kinase 1 is involved in mitochondrial quality control which is essential for maintaining energy production and minimizing oxidative damage from dysfunctional depolarized mitochondria . Pink1 mutations are the second most common cause of autosomal recessive Parkinson s disease . In... | Hippocampal mitochondrial length is not affected by loss of Pink1. mice have reduced hippocampal tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity. mice are impaired in hippocampus dependent tasks compared to matched WT mice. Cognition in. mice is improved by treatment with a dopamine D1 agonist |
S0014488619302304 | Chitinase 3 like 1 plays a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases . We investigated the effect of Chi3L1 knockout on stroke development . Ischemia reperfusion was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in Chi3L1 knockout and wildtype mice . Significantly increased infarct volume and decreased neur... | Chi3L1 is important for IL 4R expression and phosphorylation of STAT6 affecting micorglial M2 polarization. Knockdown of Chi3L1 decrease IL 4R p JAK1 p JAK3 and p STAT6 expression level which blocking microglial M2 polarization. Absence of Chi3L1 accelerates stroke development through STAT6 dependent M2 microglia inact... |
S0014488619302316 | Spinal cord injury can have profound effects on the autonomic and cardiovascular systems notably with injuries above high thoracic levels that result in the development of autonomic dysreflexia characterized by volatile hypertension in response to exaggerated sympathetic reflexes triggered by afferent stimulation below... | Chronic high dose GBP after SCI reduces AD evoked by noxious colorectal stimulation. High dose GBP impairs weight gain promotes splenomegaly and increase sAD events. Reduced synaptic densities after SCI are unaltered by high dose GBP treatment. GBP alters induced AD and sAD events distinctly perhaps acting on vasculatu... |
S001448861930233X | Muscular dystrophies are a group of genetic muscle disorders that cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration . Within this group Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common and one of the most severe . DMD is an X chromosome linked disease that occurs to 1 in 3500 to 1 in 5000 boys . The cause of DMD is a mu... | Myogenic progenitor cells could provide a source for cell therapy for DMD to regenerate and replace the diseased tissue. An orchestration of signaling molecules directing the lineage determination sets the basis for PSC differentiation. There is a need to develop more cell therapy options e.g iPSC for DMD due to limite... |
S0014488619302341 | Neonatal encephalopathy frequently results from hypoxia ischemia or inflammation in preterm or term neonates . Neuropathology depends on cerebral development at insult time but the poor correlation of neuromotor cognitive and behavioral disabilities in infancy with initial imaging and clinical records precludes early p... | Neonatal mice aged 5 or 10days exposed to HI exhibit different T2 MRI profiles. White matter has specific MMP 9 dependent vascular vulnerability in 5 day old mice. 5 day old mice had white matter T2 MRI hypersignals and social interaction deficits. 10 day old mice had coincidental retrosplenial damage and spatial memor... |
S0014488619302353 | Vitronectin is a blood protein produced mainly by the liver . We show that VTN leaks from the bloodstream into the injury site and neighboring subventricular zone following ischemic stroke in adult mice . MCAO is known to increase neurogenesis after stroke . VTN inhibits this response in females but not in males as sho... | Vitronectin VTN leaks from blood into the subventricular zone SVZ of adult mice after ischemic stroke. VTN inhibits stroke induced SVZ neurogenesis in females but not males by promoting acute expression of SVZ IL 6. The female specific VTN induced IL 6 was through activation of FAK signaling but not due to gonadal horm... |
S0014488619302365 | Serotonin axons in the adult rodent brain can regrow and recover their function following several forms of injury including controlled cortical impact a neocortical stab wound or systemic amphetamine toxicity . To assess whether this capacity for regrowth is unique to serotonergic fibers we used CCI and stab injury mod... | We measured catecholaminergic axon density using TH immunohistochemistry following two forms of brain injury. Controlled cortical impact and stab injuries caused extensive damage to catecholamine axons in the neocortex of adult mice. Following both types of injury axon density slowly returned to control values over man... |
S0014488619302377 | Non mammalian models of CIPN remain relatively sparse but the knowledge gained from the few published studies suggest that these species have great potential to serve as a discovery platform for new pathways and underlying genetic mechanisms of CIPN . These models permit large scale genetic and pharmacological screenin... | and zebrafish as chemotherapy induced neurotoxicity models. imaging revealed new CIPN mechanisms with conserved functions in mammals. NMNAT DLK and MORN are major players in the control of paclitaxel induced axon degeneration. ROS and altered microtubule function are aberrant in paclitaxel induced peripheral neuropathy... |
S0014488619302389 | Neurotrophic factors as candidates for ALS therapeutics have previously been studied in the context of attempts to slow disease progression . For a variety of reasons clinical trials of neurotrophic factors have failed to show efficacy in ALS patients . Previous studies in Parkinson s Disease models have shown promise ... | AAV2 NRTN injected into spinal cords of ALS mice provides long term expression of NRTN in motor neurons. AAV2 NRTN delivery results in a dose dependent neuroprotection of motor neurons and neuromuscular junctions. The neuroprotective effects correlate with a slowing of grip strength decline in this ALS model. The histo... |
S0014488619302390 | Dramatic impairment of gastrointestinal function accompanies high thoracic spinal cord injury . The vagus nerve contains mechano and chemosensory fibers as well as the motor fibers necessary for the central nervous system control of GI reflexes . Cell bodies for the vagal afferent fibers are located within the nodose g... | Upper thoracic SCI impairs mechanosensitivity of gastric vagal afferent fibers. Vagal sensory cell soma show post injury CCK A receptor and TRPV1 channel plasticity. Acute gastric vagal afferent sensitivity to CCK is diminished following SCI. Gastric vagal afferents have elevated sensitivity to the TRPV1 agonist capsai... |
S0014488619302419 | Given the essential role of the blood brain barrier in the central nervous system cumulative investigations have been performed to elucidate how modulation of BBB structural and functional integrity affects the pathogenesis of CNS diseases such as stroke traumatic brain injuries dementia and cerebral infection . Recent... | MiRNAs play a crucial role in the regulation of BBB structure and function. MiRNAs directly regulate the expression of junctional proteins in CNS diseases. MiRNAs mediate BBB structure and function. multiple mechanisms in CNS diseases. |
S0014488619302420 | Currently molecular electrophysiological and structural studies delineate several neural subtypes in the hippocampus . However the precise developmental mechanisms that lead to this diversity are still unknown . Here we show that alterations in a concrete hippocampal neuronal subpopulation during development specifical... | Helios is a transcription factor that is specifically expressed in calbindin positive CA1 pyramidal neurons during development. Adult mice devoid of Helios display a specific decrease in spine density in calbindin positive CA1 pyramidal neurons an impaired spatial learning and a decreased CA3 CA1 long term potentiation... |
S0014488619302432 | Central post stroke pain can occur after stroke in the somatosensory pathway that includes the posterolateral region of the thalamus . Tactile allodynia in which innocuous tactile stimuli are perceived as painful is common in patients with CPSP . Previous brain imaging studies have reported plastic changes in brain act... | Change in brain activation in CPSP monkey model was investigated. fMRI showed activation of pain related brain areas including ACC and PIC SII. Allodynia was dampened by pharmacological inactivation of ACC or PIC SII. These findings suggest that CPSP is mediated by the increased cortical activity. |
S0014488619302444 | Regeneration after spinal cord injury is a goal of many studies . Although the most obvious target is to recover motor function restoration of sensation can also improve the quality of life after spinal cord injury . For many patients recovery of sensation in the perineal and genital area is a high priority . Currently... | The modified tape removal test is suitable for testing the perineal area sensitivity. Detects deficits in the sensation after spinal cord injury for at least 3weeks. Correlates with the size of the lesion. Suitable for testing treatments for sensory restoration in the genital region. |
S0014488619302572 | Parkinson s disease is a progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and affects multiple neurotransmission systems such as hypocretin orexin release and can lead to cognitive and memory deficits . The HO neurons located in later... | PD animals present reduction of HO neurons. HO inputs to CA1 and DG are degenerated in PD. HO reduction correlates to impaired spatial and declarative memory in control and PD animals. |
S0014488619302584 | Restless legs syndrome is a nocturnal neurological disorder affecting up to 10 of the population . It is characterized by an urge to move and uncomfortable sensations in the legs which can be relieved by movements . Mutations in | knockout KO mice had increased excitability in primary sensory cortex. KO mice had decreased cortical thickness in part of the S1 and M1. KO mice showed increased corticostriatal PPF and motor deficits. Cerebral cortex specific. KO mice. cKO had RLS like phenotypes. cKO showed decreased thickness in part of the S1 and ... |
S0014488619302602 | A synthetic monomeric peptide triple receptor agonist termed Triagonist that incorporates glucagon like peptide 1 glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon actions was previously developed to improve upon metabolic and glucose regulatory benefits of single and dual receptor agonists in rodent models of ... | The GLP 1 GIP Gcg Triagonist is neurotrophic in neuronal SH SY5Y cultures. Triagonist is neuroprotective against oxidative stress and glutamate excitotoxicity. Triagonist neurotrophic protective actions are balanced across receptors. Triagonist reduces microglial cell inflammation. Triagonist mitigates mild TBI induced... |
S0014488619302626 | We recently identified excessive cerebral kallikrein 8 mRNA and protein levels at incipient stages of Alzheimer s disease in AD patients and TgCRND8 mice . Additionally we showed that antibody mediated KLK8 inhibition exerts therapeutic effects on AD along with enhancing neuroplasticity resulting in improved spatial me... | KLK8 inhibition increases the number of neuronal progenitor cells in transgenic mice. KLK8 inhibition promotes and KLK8 activation hampers SH SY5Y cell proliferation. KLK8 inhibition increases neuroplasticity promoting interaction partners in vivo. KLK8 inhibition increases and KLK8 induction reduces neurite complexity... |
S0014488619302638 | Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in modern societies . Diffuse axonal and vascular injury are nearly universal consequences of mechanical energy impacting the head and contribute to disability throughout the injury severity spectrum . CHIMERA is a non surgical impact acceleration model ... | We expanded the capacity of the mouse CHIMERA model to induce more severe injuries. Interface assisted single CHIMERA TBI induced acute neurological deficits in mice. Plasma total tau and neurofilament light levels were elevated after a single injury. Acute microstructural vascular abnormalities and grey matter microgl... |
S001448861930264X | Previous studies have shown that simvastatin has neuroprotective effects in a neonatal model of hypoxia ischemia induced brain injury when administered before but not after HI pointing to the preconditioning like effects of the statin . The present study aimed to gain more insight into the PC like effect of Sim by stud... | Simvastatin preconditioning potentiates autophagy in neonatal ischemic rats. The beneficial effect of simvastatin is impaired by blocking autophagy. mTORC1 mTORC2 and SIRT1 are essential players in simvastatin preconditioning. |
S0014488619302663 | Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in the US . Neural stem progenitor cells persist in the adult brain and represent a potential cell source for tissue regeneration and wound healing after injury . The Notch signaling pathway is critical for embryonic development and adult brain injury re... | Notch1CR2 GFP transgenic mouse is a useful model to study NSPC behavior in TBI. TBI induces NSPC proliferation and differentiation in Notch1CR2 GFP mice. TBI induced Notch1CR2 GFP NSPCs preferentially differentiate into GABAergic neurons. |
S0014488619302675 | Multiple system atrophy is a fatal disorder with no effective treatment . MSA pathology is characterized by synuclein accumulation in oligodendrocytes the myelinating glial cells of the central nervous system . aSyn accumulation in oligodendrocytes forms the pathognomonic glial cytoplasmic inclusions of MSA . MSA aSyn ... | CNP aSyn MSA mice develop age onset motor and sweat dysfunction synucleinopathy and neuroinflammation. FTY720 Mitoxy improves movement muscle mass and sweat function in MSA mice. FTY720 Mitoxy reduces MSA mouse synucleinopathy and neuroinflammation. FTY720 Mitoxy also increases RET and GDNF mRNA while reducing GDNF mod... |
S0014488619302687 | Paclitaxel is widely used in the treatment of common cancers like breast ovarian and lung cancer . Although highly effective in blocking tumor progression paclitaxel also causes peripheral neuropathy as a side effect in 60 70 of chemotherapy patients . Recent efforts by numerous labs have aimed at defining the underlyi... | Inflammation ion channel function and perturbed calcium homeostasis contribute to paclitaxel induced neuropathic pain. Reactive oxygen species and altered microtubule function are common in models of paclitaxel induced peripheral neuropathy. Genetic studies reveal conserved PIPN genes in animal models and patients whic... |
S0014488619302754 | MicroRNA 592 has been reported to play a significant role in mediating neuronal activity but its possible link with Alzheimer s disease remains unclear . We aimed to explore the mechanism of miR 592 in oxidative stress injury of astrocytes from AD rat models induced by D galactose or A | A rat model is used to explore roles of miR 592 and KIAA0319 on AD. miR 592 is overexpressed in AST of AD rats. miR 592 inhibits Keap1 Nrf2 ARE signaling pathway by down regulating KIAA0319. Activation of Keap1 Nrf2 ARE signaling pathway promotes antioxidant enzyme activities. The study provides theoretical basis for t... |
S001448861930281X | Fabry disease is an X linked lysosomal storage disorder that leads to cellular globotriaosylceramide accumulation due to mutations in the gene encoding galactosidase A . Trigger induced acral burning pain is an early FD symptom of unknown pathophysiology . We aimed at investigating the potential role of skin fibroblast... | Gb3 load is elevated in Fabry dermal fibroblasts. Gb3 induces immediate reduction of K. 1.1 channel activity. Notch1 pathway is activated in fibroblasts of male Fabry patients with pain. Cytokine gene expression is elevated in fibroblasts of male Fabry patients with pain |
S0014488619302821 | Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide . We investigated whether inhibition of p53 using pifithrin or PFT provides neuroprotective effects via p53 transcriptional dependent or independent mechanisms respectively . Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to controlled cortic... | Neuronal apoptosis in TBI engages separate transcriptional and mitochondrial p53 pathways. Inactivation of either pathway mitigates neuronal loss neuroinflammation behavior deficits. Inactivation of the p53 direct mitochondrial pathway provides greater benefits. |
S0014488619302833 | Low neuronal cAMP levels in adults and a further decline following traumatic central nervous system injury has been associated with the limited ability of neurons to regenerate . An approach to increase neuronal cAMP levels post injury is electrical stimulation . Stimulation as a tool to promote neuronal growth has lar... | Adult rats were trained in a reaching task prior to unilateral cervical spinal lesion. The injury was directly followed by 30min of cortical electrical stimulation. Animals were assessed weekly in the reaching task for 5weeks post injury. The stimulated group showed greater functional recovery in the trained task. Stim... |
S0014488619302857 | After spinal cord injury the inhibitory molecules derived from scars at the lesion sites and the limited regenerative capacity of neuronal axons pose difficulties for the recovery after SCI . Remodeling of cytoskeleton structures including microtubule assembly and tubulin post translational modification are widely acce... | HDAC6 can affect microtubule system function by deacetylating tubulin. Decreased acetylation level of Tubulin induces axonal transport dysfunction. Inhibition of HDAC6 by Tubastatin A restores autophagic flux after SCI. Inhibition of HDAC6 by Tubastatin A promotes functional recovery after SCI. |
S0014488619302869 | Inflammasome contributes to ischemic brain injury by inducing pyroptosis and inflammation . The aim of this study is to unravel the mechanism of long non coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 mediated regulation of absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome during cerebral ischemia reperfusion . In vivo middle cerebral artery ... | MEG3 and AIM2 are up regulated whereas miR 485 is down regulated in the in vivo and in vitro models of cerebral I R. MEG3 positively regulates the expression of AIM2 via sponging miR 485. Knockdown of MEG3 inhibits OGD R induced pyroptosis and inflammation by directly up regulating miR 485. Knockdown of MEG3 alleviated... |
S0014488619302894 | A major gap in the field of ischemic preconditioning is whether or not long lasting neuroprotection can be achieved . Moreover the specific mechanisms underlying IPC and how they can be translated into the clinic remain uncertain . To fill these gaps we tested the hypothesis that IPC exerts long lasting structural and ... | IPC provides long lasting protection against sensorimotor and cognitive impairments and tissue loss after ischemic stroke. IPC afforded neuroprotection is reduced in Nrf2 knockout mice. Mechanistically IPC induces sublethal generation of lipid electrophiles leading to endogenous activation of Nrf2 pathway. Pharmacologi... |
S0014488619302936 | IL 17 producing CD4 T cells cells increase significantly with disease severity in myasthenia gravis patients . To suppress the generation of Th17 cells we examined the effect of inhibiting retinoic acid receptor related orphan receptor C a Th17 specific transcription factor critical for differentiation . ROR inhibition... | Th17 cell frequencies are associated with disease severity in MG. ROR inhibitor suppresses the generation of IFN and IL 17 co producing CD4 T cells. IL 17 producing CD8 T cells are enhanced in MG and inhibited by ROR inhibitor. |
S0014488619302948 | Postoperative electrical stimulation improves nerve regeneration by decreasing staggered regeneration at the coaptation site . By contrast conditioning electrical stimulation accelerates axon extension . Given that both techniques can be delivered at the bedside a direct comparison of outcomes is of significant clinica... | CES accelerates nerve regeneration greater than PES or a combination of CES PES. CES promotes sensorimotor functional recovery greater than PES and CES PES. CES PES did not have a synergistic effect to promote nerve regeneration. |
S0014488619303061 | Parkinson s disease is a debilitating condition resulting in motor and non motor symptoms affecting approximately 10 million people worldwide . Currently there are no pharmacological treatments that can cure the condition or effectively halt its progression . The focus of PD research has been primarily on the neurobiol... | Antibiotic treatment attenuates dopamine neuron degeneration in the 6 OHDA model of PD. The effect of 6 OHDA on dopamine neuron loss after antibiotic treatment correlates with an improvement in motor deficits. Brain pro inflammatory markers are associated with the protective effect of antibiotics on neuronal loss and m... |
S0014488619303103 | Traumatic spinal cord injury elicits a cascade of secondary injury mechanisms that induce profound changes in glia and neurons resulting in their activation injury or cell death . The resultant imbalanced microenvironment of acute SCI also negatively impacts regenerative processes in the injured spinal cord . Thus it i... | Active BMP4 is transiently upregulated in acute spinal cord injury in rats. BMP4 contributes to inhibitory microenvironment by promoting CSPG expression. BMP4 promotes cell death and lipid peroxidation. Blockade of BMP4 enhances oligodendrogenesis and remyelination following SCI. |
S0014488619303115 | Leukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation is a rare slowly progressive white matter disease caused by mutations in the mitochondrial aspartyl tRNA synthetase . While patients show characteristic MRI T2 signal abnormalities throughout the cerebral white matter brainstem and spi... | Neuronal loss of. in mice results in a slow and progressive neurodegeneration. induced degeneration is preceded by activation of several immune pathways. Neuronal. mutant mice may be useful for the testing of therapeutics targeting the pediatric leukodystrophy LBSL. |
S0014488619303127 | Recordings from infants who died suddenly and unexpectedly demonstrate the occurrence of recurring apneas ineffective gasping and finally failure to restore eupnea and arouse prior to death . Immunohistochemical and autoradiographic data demonstrate a constellation of serotonergic defects in the caudal raphe nuclei in ... | Apnea and bradycardia can be an appropriate response to hypoxia in infants when a ventilatory response cannot be maintained. Autoresuscitation inhibition of apnea restoration of eupnea and arousal are essential to terminate apnea and bradycardia. Infants at risk for SIDS may have heightened sensitivity of the reflex me... |
S0014488619303139 | We tested the hypothesis that exposure to intermittent hypoxia during pregnancy would prolong the laryngeal chemoreflex and diminish the capacity of serotonin to terminate the LCR . Prenatal exposure to IH was associated with significant prolongation of the LCR in younger anesthetized postnatal day rat pups age P8 to P... | We tested the hypothesis that intermittent intrauterine hypoxia IH would prolong laryngeal chemoreflex LCR apnea. Prenatal exposure to IH was associated with prolongation of the LCR in younger postnatal P rat pups age P8 to P16 but not older pups. Serotonin 5 HT Microinjected serotonin in the nucleus of the solitary tr... |
S0014488619303140 | Secondary degeneration following an initial injury to the central nervous system results in increased tissue loss and is associated with increasing functional impairment . Unilateral partial dorsal transection of the adult rat optic nerve has proved to be a useful experimental model in which to study factors that contr... | AAV2 BDNF protects retinal ganglion cells after partial optic nerve injury. AAV2 encoding phospho resistant CRMP2 protects RGCs after partial optic nerve injury. Both vectors maintained important elements of myelin integrity in ventral optic nerve. AAV2 BDNF restored the number of smooth pursuit phases of optokinetic n... |
S0014488620300078 | Salicylate intoxication is a cause of tinnitus and comorbidly associated with anxiety in humans . In a previous work we showed that salicylate induces anxiety like behavior and hippocampal type 2 theta oscillations in mice . Here we investigate if the anxiogenic effect of salicylate is dependent on age and previous tin... | Salicylate causes anxiety only when animals are normal hearing nave to tinnitus. Type 2 theta in anxiety spreads from the ventral hippocampus to the medial prefrontal cortex. Type 2 theta and slow gamma are complementary encoding safety and danger respectively during anxiety. 5 MeO DMT can prevent anxiety driven by tin... |
S001448862030008X | Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic periodontitis is closely associated with the incidence and progression of cognitive impairment . The present study investigated the causal relationship between CP and cognitive decline and the underlying mechanism in mice . Long term ligature around the left second maxillary... | Chronic periodontitis CP mice displayed progressive cognitive deficits. Murine CP aggravated neuronal injury and neuroinflammation. Murine CP caused the oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Murine CP induced intestinal barrier damage and inflammation. Murine CP injured blood brain barrier and activated TLR4 pathway in th... |
S0014488620300091 | Preconditioning peripheral nerve injury primes the sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia to acquire axon regeneration competence . Transcription of a large set of regeneration associated genes contributes to the enhanced intrinsic axonal regeneration capacity . However the mechanism underlying the coordinated upre... | Preconditioning peripheral nerve injury led to substantial changes in DNA methylation in dorsal root ganglia DRGs . The global changes in DNA methylation were not correlated with the level of gene expression measured by RNA seq. Pharmacological inhibition or activation of DNA methylation attenuated axon growth competen... |
S0014488620300108 | Physical exercise can reduce the cognitive decline associated with traumatic brain injury yet little is known about the optimal administration schedules . Here different protocols of voluntary wheel running were evaluated for their effects on object recognition memory neuroprotection NeuN | Early and delayed voluntary wheel running reduce memory deficits after TBI in rats. Early exercise attenuates hippocampal microglial reactivity and neuron loss. Restored neurogenesis mediates memory recovery by close to training exercise. Moderate amounts of daily exercise lead to the highest neurogenesis levels. |
S0014488620300121 | In humans the majority of sustained traumatic brain injuries are classified as mild and most often a result of a closed head injury . The effects of a non penetrating CHI are not benign and may lead to chronic pathology and behavioral dysfunction which could be worsened by repeated head injury . Clinical neuropathologi... | Chronic cognitive deficits are worsened following repetitive CHIs in WT mice. Functional neuroimaging deficits were found in the rTg4510 mice following a repetitive but not single CHI. Evidence that p tau was a driver in the repetitive CHI phenotypes could not be established. |
S0014488620300273 | The persistent unresponsiveness of many of the acquired epilepsies to traditional antiseizure medications has motivated the search for prophylactic drug therapies that could reduce the incidence of epilepsy in this at risk population . These studies are based on the idea of a period of epileptogenesis that can follow a... | The elements of ahippocampal tripartite synapse undergo dramatic changes at the ultrastructural level that have electrophysiological correlates after status epilepticu. Status epilepticus increases the readily releasable pool of vesicles and mEPSC frequency and decreases neuronal glutamate receptor expression. Followin... |
S0014488620300327 | This study of medial gastrocnemius muscle and motor units after spinal cord hemisection and deafferentation in adult cats asked 1 whether the absence of muscle atrophy and unaltered contractile speed demonstrated previously in HSDA paralyzed peroneus longus muscles was apparent in the unloaded HSDA paralyzed MG muscle ... | Cat hindlimb muscles were unloaded and their neuromuscular activity reduced by spinal cord hemisection and deafferentation. The unloaded fast twitch medial gastrocnemius MG muscle did not atrophy. The fatigability of the MG muscle and motor units increased whilst their contractile speeds and isometric forces were uncha... |
S0014488620300339 | T lymphocytes have a multifaceted role in ischemic stroke but the majority of studies have been conducted in young mice which may limit the translational value of these findings . Previous studies have shown that aging results in T cell dysfunction leading to enhanced production of pro inflammatory cytokines and chemok... | Aging alters the immunological response to stroke. Aged animals and humans have poorer outcomes after stroke. The CD4 IFNy IP 10 pathway propagates the post stroke inflammatory cascade. CD4 depletion during peak inflammation resulted in improved functional outcomes in both male and female aged mice. Therapies targeting... |
S0014488620300340 | Disruption of the blood brain barrier and subsequent cerebral edema formation is one of the major adverse effects of brain surgery leading to postoperative neurological dysfunction . Recently Mfsd2a has been shown to have a crucial role for the maintenance of BBB functions . In this study we aimed to evaluate the role ... | Mfsd2a levels decrease and contribute to the disruption of the BBB as well as worse neurologic outcomes following SBI. Mfsd2a overexpression alleviates BBB dysfunction by decreasing TJP degradation and improves neurologic outcome after SBI. Protective effect of Mfsd2a on BBB following SBI is at least partly mediated th... |
S0014488620300376 | Ischemic stroke significantly perturbs neuronal homeostasis leading to a cascade of pathologic events causing brain damage . In this study we assessed acute stroke outcome after chemogenetic inhibition of forebrain excitatory neuronal activity . We generated hM4Di TG transgenic mice expressing the inhibitory hM4Di a De... | CNO treatment of hM4Di TG mice suppresses evoked synaptic responses in vitro and in vivo. hM4Di TG mice treated with CNO at 10min before ischemia improves stroke outcome. hM4Di TG mice treated with CNO at 30min after reperfusion improves stroke outcome. hM4Di mediated inhibition of excitatory neurons reduces K induced ... |
S0014488620300388 | One of the consistent pathologies associated with both clinical and experimental traumatic brain injury is axonal injury especially following mild traumatic brain injury . Several lines of experimental evidence have demonstrated a role for NAD metabolism in axonal degeneration . One of the enzymes that metabolizes NAD ... | APP accumulates in select white matter tracts after repeated mild closed head injury. APP accumulation is significantly attenuated after injury in. mice. White matter tract inflammation after rmCHI was decreased in. mice. Loss of Sarm1 improves motor and cognitive performance after injury. |
S001448862030039X | Spinal cord injury produces both locomotor deficits and sensory dysfunction that greatly reduce the overall quality of life . Mechanisms underlying chronic pain include increased neuro inflammation and changes in spinal processing of sensory signals with reduced inhibitory GABAergic signaling a likely key player . Our ... | Intensive locomotor training ILT partially prevented or reversed SCI pain. GABAergic cellular transplantation partially prevented or reversed SCI pain. The combination of ILT and transplants enhanced the attenuation of SCI pain. Individual and combination therapy decreased pro inflammatory markers and spinal pathology.... |
S0014488620300406 | Intracerebral hemorrhage patients frequently encounter cardiovascular complications which may contribute to increased mortality and poor long term outcome . ICH induces systemic oxidative stress and activates peripheral immune responses which are involved in the pathological cascade leading to cardiac dysfunction and h... | ICH increases cardiac deficit splenectomy attenuates ICH induced cardiac dysfunction in mice. Splenectomy decreases inflammatory cell infiltration into heart and reduces oxidative stress in the heart of ICH mice. Splenectomy attenuates neurological and cognitive impairment induced by ICH in mice. Spleen associated immu... |
S0014488620300418 | Accumulation of amyloid peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau in the brain is one of the pathological characteristics of Alzheimer s disease and attractive therapeutic targets in its treatment . In the present study the cognitive ability of 4 month old 3Tg AD mice significantly improved after 40days treatment with intrap... | SLOH improved the cognitive ability of young 3Tg AD mice. It delayed pathological development reduced A deposition tau levels and its phosphorylation by modulating AKT and PP2A activity. SLOH attenuated synaptic deficit both in vitro and in vivo by regulating the Ca. CaMKII CREB signaling pathway. |
S001448862030042X | Transsynaptic anterograde and retrograde degeneration of neurons and neural fibers are assumed to trigger local excitotoxicity and inflammatory processes . These processes in turn are thought to drive | Cortical stroke induces widespread degeneration of ipsilesional dopaminergic cells. Synaptic coupling is no prerequisite for post ischemic dopaminergic midbrain degeneration. Dopaminergic midbrain degeneration is likely not triggered by inflammation. Degeneration manifests independent of the pro inflammatory peptide Su... |
S0014488620300431 | Sleep fragmentation is an increase in sleep wake transitions without an overall decrease in total sleep time . Sleep fragmentation is well documented during acute and chronic hospitalization and can result in delirium and memory problems in children . Sleep fragmentation is also often noted in neurodevelopmental disord... | Transient sleep fragmentation during development leads to cognitive deficits later. Transient neonatal sleep fragmentation leads to persistent neuroinflammation. Sleep fragmentation affects normal cognitive development even if sleep architecture normalizes. |
S0014488620300443 | Status epilepticus is a clinical emergency that can lead to the development of temporal lobe epilepsy . The development and maintenance of spontaneous seizures in TLE are linked to calcium Ca | Ryanodine receptors are involved in neurodegeneration following status epilepticus. Blockade of intracellular calcium channels increases synaptic proteins after seizures. Neuroprotection preserves synaptic proteins levels after status epilepticus. |
S0014488620300455 | lysine is a basic amino acid that has been shown to exert neuroprotective effect . However the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated . In this study we investigate how | lysine confers neuroprotection after mouse intracerebral hemorrhage injury. lysine promotes M2 microglial polarization and reduces inflammatory response. lysine upregulates miRNA 575 and downregulates PTEN. |
S0014488620300467 | Neurogenic differentiation 1 is mainlyexpressed in developing neurons where it plays critical roles in neuronal maturation and neurite elongation . The potential role and mechanism of NeuroD1 in adult axonal regeneration is not clear . The present study used synapsin Cre and AAV9 Flex vectors to conditionally overexpre... | NeuroD1 overexpression facilitates axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. NeuroD1 overexpression reverses the functional impairment of the injured nerve. NeuroD1 overexpression upregulates the expression of BDNF TrkB and Spastin. |
S0014488620300479 | Neuropeptide Y is a 36 amino acid neuropeptide that is widely expressed in the central nervous system including the cerebral cortex nucleus accumbens and hypothalamus . We previously analyzed the behavior of transgenic mice exclusively expressing an unedited RNA isoform of the 5 HT | We generated regional and temporal specific NPY lesioned mice. Ablation of NPY neurons in the nucleus accumbens induced anxiety like behavior. Activation of NPY neurons in the nucleus accumbens induced anxiolytic like behavior. |
S0014488620300480 | Traumatic brain injury affects millions of individuals every year . Many of these injuries lead to lasting effects particularly impairments in domains broadly classified as executive functions such as impulse control and decision making . While these impairments have been historically associated with frontal brain dama... | Unilateral parietal traumatic brain injury TBI increased choice of the riskiest alternatives. Unilateral parietal TBI caused motor impairments on the rotarod task but had no effect on motor impulsivity. Though primarily prefrontally mediated unilateral parietal TBI is sufficient to impair risk based decision making. |
S0014488620300509 | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons . Astrocytes from diverse ALS models induce motor neuron death in co culture . Enhancing NAD | The approach used to enhance NAD. levels defines the biological outcome in ALS models. Nicotinamide riboside delays motor neuron degeneration in hSOD1. ALS mice. CD38 ablation does not confer protection in hSOD1. ALS mice. The expression of NMNAT2 and SIRT6 decreases in the spinal cord of ALS patients. |
S0014488620300522 | Mechanisms underlying affective and cognitive deficits in Parkinson s disease remain less studied than motor symptoms . Nucleus accumbens is affected in PD and due to its well known involvement in motivation is an interesting target in this context . Furthermore PD is frequently asymmetrical with side specific deficits... | Non motor and side specific symptoms of PD are frequently underappreciated. Behavioral impact of left and right dopamine depletion in the Nucleus Accumbens was analyzed. Right sided dopamine depletion potentiated habitual behaviors. Left sided dopamine depletion increased impulsivity. No alterations in motor and anxiet... |
S0014488620300546 | Ischemic stroke has become one of the main causes of death worldwide . MicroRNAs have been implicated in cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and could serve as therapeutic targets . 5 Lipoxygenase is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes and has been implicated in inflammatory central nerve system disorders... | The miR 193b 3p was significantly up regulated in the rat penumbra cerebral cortex responding to a ischemic stroke. miR 193b 3p could bind with the 3UTR 5 LOX mRNA and suppress its translation. Exogenous miR 193b 3p could reduce rat brain infarct size and promote neurological recovery after ischemic stroke. 5 LOX is a ... |
S0014488620300558 | Medial forebrain bundle deep brain stimulation has anti depressant effects clinically and in depression models . Currently therapeutic mechanisms of MFB DBS or how stimulation parameters acutely impact neurotransmitter release particularly dopamine are unknown . Experimentally MFB DBS has been shown to evoke dopamine r... | MFB DBS evoked dopamine release in the Nucleus Accumbens. Evoked release profiles were different across the depression model and controls. Diverging release profile likely due to physiological anatomical differences in the MFB. |
S0014488620300637 | Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans are inhibitors to axon regeneration and plasticity . A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 is a human enzyme that catalyses the proteolysis of CSPG protein cores . Infusion of ADAMTS4 into the damaged spinal cord was previously shown to improve functional re... | ADAMTS4 is a mammalian endogenous CSPG degrading enzyme. An astrocyte selective AAV ADAMTS4 vector effectively expresses ADAMTS4. and. AAV ADAMTS4 decreased lesion size and increased fiber sprouting following SCI. The combination of hindlimb specific exercise rehabilitation improved functional recovery. |
S0014488620300649 | Interleukin 33 is known to activate the regulatory T lymphocytes which are negatively correlated with brain damage after ischemic stroke . In this study we aimed to investigate the role of Tregs in IL 33 mediated neuroprotection and elucidate the underlying mechanisms . In vivo male C57BL 6N mice were subjected to 60mi... | Anti CD25Ab caused a sharp decrease in Tregs aggravates brain edema and increases lesion volume. IL 33 exerts neuroprotective effects by increasing Tregs activation and infiltration after experimental ischemic stroke. ST2 competitive inhibition blocked IL 33 induced cellular and functional effects post stroke. |
S0014488620300650 | Paraoxonase 2 regulates reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria . Stimulating its expression has therapeutic potential for diseases where oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathology . Evidence suggests that the anti diabetic drug pioglitazone may provide neuroprotection in Parkinson s disease ... | Paraoxonase 2 enhances mitochondria function and mitigates oxidative stress OS . OS contributes to a variety of disorders including Parkinson s Diseases and stroke. Pioglitazone is neuroprotective in a variety of neurological disorders. Pioglitazone stimulates PPAR and increases paraoxonase 2 expression. |
S0014488620300728 | Central neuropathic pain is the main symptom caused by spinal cord lesion in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis but its management is still not effective . The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 is a pain detecting ion channel involved in neuropathic pain development . Thus the aim of our study was to evaluate ... | Relapsing remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis RR EAE causes nociception. Mechanical and cold allodynia induced by RR EAE model are reduced by pregabalin. Nociception in this model is reduced by TRPA1 antagonists and antioxidant. The TRPA1 agonists are increased in spinal cord tissue of induced mice. The... |
S001448862030073X | Sleep wake disturbances are both a risk factor and reported morbidity for intracerebral hemorrhage . ICH begins with a ruptured blood vessel and blood leakage into the parenchyma . In response to initial damage pathophysiological processes ensue that both exacerbate and repair damage . Inflammation is a hallmark proces... | We investigated inflammation and sleep wake patterns after ICH. Experimental ICH increased sleep and reduced wake was time of day dependent. Microglia were activated in the perihematomal region after experimental ICH. Inflammation may contribute to ICH induced sleep wake patterns. |
S0014488620300741 | Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pivotal event in many neurodegenerative disease states including traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury . One possible mechanism driving mitochondrial dysfunction is glutamate excitotoxicity leading to Ca | Traumatic brain injury TBI results in mitochondrial impairment and neurodegeneration. Pioglitazone interacts with a mitochondrial membrane protein mitoNEET. mitoNEET is required for Pioglitazone to restore mitochondrial function in response to calcium insult. Pioglitazone restores bioenergetics and cortical tissue. int... |
S0014488620300753 | A variety of barriers ensures the protection of the peripheral nervous system from noxious blood borne or surrounding stimuli . In this review anatomy and functioning of the blood nerve barrier and the blood DRG barrier will be presented and key tight junction proteins described ZO 1 claudin 1 3 5 11 12 19 occludin and... | Both blood nerve barrier BNB and blood DRG barrier BDB are crucial in maintaining homeostasis of the peripheral nerve. Tight junction proteins have distinct localization and functions in these barriers. Neuropathies of different etiologies involve breakdown of BNB and or BDB. |
S0014488620300807 | Adult neurogenesis in hippocampus dentate gyrus is associated with the etiology on the early stage of Alzheimer s disease . Factors that affect adult hippocampal neurogenesis have been shown to contribute to the neuropathology of AD . Adiponectin a peptide hormone secreted by adipocytes plays a critical role in insulin... | AdipoRon ameliorates cognitive deficit of APP PS1 mice. AdipoRon alleviates A induced impairment of neuronal survival and NSC proliferation. AdipoRon promotes NSC proliferation through activating AMPK pathway. |
S0014488620300819 | The locus coeruleus is a pontine nucleus important for respiratory control and central chemoreception . It is affected in Alzheimer s disease and alteration of LC cell function may account for respiratory problems observed in AD patients . In the current study we tested the electrophysiological properties and CO | The majority of Alzheimers disease AD patients suffer from disturbed respiratory function. Chemosensitive Locus coeruleus neurons in adult rats are mainly inhibited by increased CO. The streptozotocin induced model of AD STZ AD had a significantly greater sensitivity to CO. CO. hyperpolarized resting membrane potential... |
S0014488620300820 | Low energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy has been used to treat various human diseases . Previous studies have shown that low energy ESWT promotes the release of various cell growth factors and trophic factors from the cells surrounding the target lesion . The aim of the current study was to determine whether the a... | Low energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy ESWT promoted BDNF expression after SCI. Low energy ESWT provide neuroprotective effect on the injured spinal cord. Locomotor and sensory functions following SCI were improved by low energy ESWT. Application of low energy ESWT may be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating... |
S0014488620300832 | SARM1 is the central executioner of pathological axon degeneration promoting axonal demise in response to axotomy traumatic brain injury and neurotoxic chemotherapeutics that induce peripheral neuropathy . SARM1 is an injury activated NAD | cADPR is gene dosage sensitive biomarker of SARM1 activity. SARM1 is the major source of neuronal cADPR. cADPR is unlikely to promote axon degeneration. Mitochondrial dysfunction can trigger partial SARM1 activation. cADPR and NfL are complementary biomarkers of SARM1 dependent axon degeneration. |
S0014488620300844 | Our recent study investigated the role of collapsin response mediator protein 2 on dendritic spine morphology and memory function after traumatic brain injury . First we examined the density and morphology of dendritic spines in Thy1 GFP mice on the 1st day and 7th day after controlled cortical impact injury . The dend... | Reveal the changing relationship between CRMP2 expression and the morphology of spines. CRMP2 increases spine density and promotes recovery of mushroom type spines after TBI. CRMP2 improved memory deficit after TBI. |
S0014488620300856 | Adverse childhood experience is a major risk factor for the onset of depression in adulthood . Neuroinflammation characterized by microglial activation and cytokine secretion is involved in susceptibility to depression induced by early life stress . Jumonji domain containing protein 3 a trimethylated lysine 27 in histo... | MS induced short and long term depressive like behaviors and neuroinflammation. Infant and adult MS rats had higher levels of Jmjd3 in the PFC and HIP. MS rats treated with LPS in adulthood displayed serious behavioral dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Jmjd3 is involved in MS induced susceptibility to depressive disor... |
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