guid stringlengths 32 32 | question stringlengths 17 440 | answer stringlengths 1 613 | question_category stringclasses 7
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
d5cf906e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the form of tomography used that uses the same technology as a sonogram? | Ultrasound-modulated optical tomography | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ultrasound-modulated optical tomography ( UOT) is a form of tomography involving ultrasound. It is used in imaging of biological soft tissues and has potential applications for early cancer detection. Like optical techniques, this method provides high contrast, and the use of ultrasound also provides... |
d5cf90960dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which muscles are supplied by the artery that passes forward through the medial side of the body part that contains the metatarsus? | The medial plantar artery supplies the abductor hallucis and the flexor digitorum brevis. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The metatarsal bones, or metatarsus are a group of five long bones in the foot, located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-foot and the phalanges of the toes."
},
{
"text": "(Medial plantar artery visible at center left.) The medial plantar artery ( internal plantar artery ), much ... |
d5cf90be0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which climate zone is commonly inhabited by altruistic bugs that sometimes form galls and act as colony defenders? | Temperate | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pemphigus spyrothecae, or the poplar spiral gall aphid, is a social insect which exhibits apparent altruistic behaviors. The aphids form galls and act as colony defenders, at times sacrificing their own lives to do so."
},
{
"text": "Aphids are found many places on earth. Aphids are most comm... |
d5cf910e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which myosin does tropomyosin block the attachment of to prevent a relaxed muscle from contracting? | Tropomyosin blocks the attachment of myosin II. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Myosins are a superfamily of actin motor proteins that convert chemical energy in the form of ATP to mechanical energy, thus generating force and movement. The first identified myosin, myosin II, is responsible for generating muscle contraction."
},
{
"text": "Troponin is attached to the prot... |
d5cf91900dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the worldwide percentage of languages that use the IPA letter ⟨z⟩ sound? | About 28% of the world's languages. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The symbol for the alveolar sibilant is ⟨ z ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is z. The IPA letter ⟨z⟩ is not normally used for dental or postalveolar sibilants in narrow transcription unless modified by a diacritic (⟨ z̪ ⟩ and ⟨ z̠ ⟩ respectively)."
},
{
"text": "The voiced alveolar sibil... |
d5cf91b80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of the condition that causes involuntary and rhythmic muscular contractions and relaxations and is it typically seen in people with cerebral palsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord damage and hepatic encephalopathy? | Clonus. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Clonus is typically seen in people with cerebral palsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord damage and hepatic encephalopathy. It can occur in epilepsy as part of a generalized tonic–clonic seizure."
},
{
"text": "Clonus is a set of involuntary and rhythmic muscular contractions and relax... |
d5cf92580dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are anthocyanins polyphenolic? | Yes | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word flavus, meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in diets."
},
{
"text": "Some of the colors of autumn leaves are derived from anthocyanins. Anthocyani... |
d5cf92800dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What kind of plants are horsetails? | Vascular plants. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Horsetails (subclass Equisetidae) are included in ferns. This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. . The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total."
},
{
"text": "Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants t... |
d5cf92a80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Do horsetails have consecutive generations? | No | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells (eggs and sperm). Brackens are noted for their large, highly divided leaves."
},
{
"text": "Horsetails (subclass Equisetidae) are included in fe... |
d5cf92d00dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are both Bicalutamide and activated ER used for androgen inhibition? | yes | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Activated ER has an effect on cellular division, protease activity, inhibition of cell death and formation of new blood vessels. Aromatase inhibitors affect the ability of estrogens production from androgens by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme activity which is a part of the estrogen pathway."
},
... |
d5cf92f80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Are ultrasonic machining and ultrasound modulated optical tomography both used on soft-tissues? | no | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ultrasonic machining is a subtractive manufacturing process that removes material from the surface of a part through high frequency, low amplitude vibrations of a tool against the material surface in the presence of fine abrasive particles."
},
{
"text": "Ultrasound-modulated optical tomograp... |
d5cf93200dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Can sonograms be used for cancer detection? | They can | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ultrasound-modulated optical tomography ( UOT) is a form of tomography involving ultrasound. It is used in imaging of biological soft tissues and has potential applications for early cancer detection. Like optical techniques, this method provides high contrast, and the use of ultrasound also provides... |
d5cf93520dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Do the Papiine gammaherpesvirus 1 and the Macacine gammaherpesvirus 4 come from the same genus? | yes, the Lymphocryptovirus | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Macacine gammaherpesvirus 4 (McHV-4), commonly known as rhesus lymphocryptovirus (RLV), is a species of virus in the genus Lymphocryptovirus, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales. In nature, Macacine gammaherpesvirus 4 infects rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ).... |
d5cf937a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of social order do Hymenoptera species use? | eusociality | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The most familiar examples of eusociality are insects such as ants, bees, wasps, and termites. All of these are colonial animals which have queens for reproduction. The animals that are workers or soldiers are usually sterile - they cannot have offspring . There were only two known mammal species whi... |
d5cf93a20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What do many eusocial insects use to lay their eggs? | a special ovipositor | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The most familiar examples of eusociality are insects such as ants, bees, wasps, and termites. All of these are colonial animals which have queens for reproduction. The animals that are workers or soldiers are usually sterile - they cannot have offspring . There were only two known mammal species whi... |
d5cf93ca0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What effect does Advair and Symbicort have on the airway muscles? | They relax the muscles. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Beta adrenergic agonists or beta agonists are medications that relax muscles of the airways, causing widening of the airways and resulting in easier breathing. They are a class of sympathomimetic agents, each acting upon the beta adrenoceptors."
},
{
"text": "They said that two other, much mo... |
d5cf93e80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Why would Terrie Moffitt's genetic and environmental research be a good resource concerning the continuity theory? | She studies cognitive aging | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The continuity theory is one of three major psychosocial theories which describe how people develop in old age. The other two psychosocial theories are the disengagement theory, with which the continuity theory comes to odds, and the activity theory upon which the continuity theory modifies and elabo... |
d5cf94100dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Could eukaryotic RNA polymerase which comes in three variations be found 2.5 billion years ago? | No | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Eukaryotes emerged approximately 2.1-1.6 billion years ago, during the Proterozoic eon, likely as flagellated phagotrophs. Eukaryotic cells typically contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and Golgi apparatus; and chloroplasts can be found in plants and algae. Prokaryotic cells ... |
d5cf946a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Why is syntactic locality used in transformational grammar? | To constrain the use of semantics in ypes of argument selection. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In linguistics, selection denotes the ability of predicates to determine the semantic content of their arguments. Predicates select their arguments, which means they limit the semantic content of their arguments. One sometimes draws a distinction between types of selection; one acknowledges both s (e... |
d5cf95000dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Is the most CSF produced in the smallest or the largest part of the brain? | The largest part of the brain. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The four cavities of the human brain are called ventricles. The two largest are the lateral ventricles in the cerebrum, the third ventricle is in the diencephalon of the forebrain between the right and left thalamus, and the fourth ventricle is located at the back of the pons and upper half of the me... |
d5cf95280dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who served first: Pope Leo XIII or Pope Benedict XVI? | Pope Leo XIII served first. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Following the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI on 28 February 2013, a papal conclave elected Bergoglio as his successor on 13 March. He chose Francis as his papal name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi."
},
{
"text": "Pope Leo XIII ( Italian: Leone XIII; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Lu... |
d5cf95500dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was Pope Gregory VII the pope during the Byzantine Papacy? | No, Gregory VII was pope from 1073-1085 which is after the Byzantine Papacy which was from 537-752. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Byzantine Papacy was a period of Byzantine domination of the Roman papacy from 537 to 752, when popes required the approval of the Byzantine Emperor for episcopal consecration, and many popes were chosen from the apocrisiarii (liaisons from the pope to the emperor) or the inhabitants of Byzantine... |
d5cf95820dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did the removal of Pope Elect Stephen from the list of legitimate popes occur during or after the papacy of Pope Pius XII? | After | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pope Pius XII ( Italian: Pio XII ), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli ( Italian pronunciation: [euˈdʒɛːnjo maˈriːa dʒuˈzɛppe dʒoˈvanni paˈtʃɛlli]; 2 March 1876 – 9 October 1958), was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 2 March 1939 until his death in 19... |
d5cf95b40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Had at least a thousand years passed between the papacy of Gregory III and the beginning of the papacy of Pope Pius XII? | Yes | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Pope Pius XII ( Italian: Pio XII ), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli ( Italian pronunciation: [euˈdʒɛːnjo maˈriːa dʒuˈzɛppe dʒoˈvanni paˈtʃɛlli]; 2 March 1876 – 9 October 1958), was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 2 March 1939 until his death in 19... |
d5cf95e60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of attorney has the specialized qualifications for representing clients in obtaining patents, and can file an application for a new patent? | A patent attorney. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "A patent attorney is an attorney who has the specialized qualifications necessary for representing clients in obtaining patents and acting in all matters and procedures relating to patent law and practice, such as filing an opposition."
},
{
"text": "For example, the patent attorney can not o... |
d5cf960e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What does the attorney that has specialized qualifications for representing clients in obtaining patents have to do in order to represent individuals and companies in the Patent Office? | They must pass a special exam. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Furthermore, a patent attorney must pass a special exam in order to represent individuals and companies in the Patent Office while a trademark attorney does not. In addition, the examiners who review all trademark applications filed with the Trademark Office are also licensed attorneys and their offi... |
d5cf96860dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What do Brown V. Board of Education and Rosa Parks have to do with each other? | Both involved Civil rights | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an American activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott. The United States Congress has called her \"the first lady of civil rights\" and \"the mother of the freedom movement\"... |
d5cf96b80dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The treaty that Inkpaduta and his band were not signatories of ceded territory of how many acres? | 24,000,000 acres. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Through the Treaty of Traverse des Sioux and the Treaty of Mendota, the Mdewakanton and Wahpekute bands of the Lower Sioux ceded territory of nearly 24,000,000 acres (97,000 km 2) of land. The US paid the Dakota an annuity the equivalent of 7.5 cents an acre and charged settlers $1.25 an acre."
},
... |
d5cf97080dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Wikipedia wants to provide content free of what restrictions, where are exclusive rights granted to the author or creator of an original work, including the right to copy, distribute and adapt the work? | Copyrights | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Copyrights are exclusive rights granted to the author or creator of an original work, including the right to copy, distribute and adapt the work. Copyright does not protect ideas, only their expression or fixation. In most jurisdictions copyright arises upon fixation and does not need to be registere... |
d5cf97300dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Does federal parole in the United States have strict guidelines for how to enact it? | No, there are not uniform powers or jurisdictions in regards to parole in the United States. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Federal parole in the United States is a system that is implemented by the United States Parole Commission."
},
{
"text": "Parole boards in the United States do not have uniform titles, nor uniform powers or jurisdictions. In many cases their traditional powers have been limited by \"determin... |
d5cf97580dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What were the fundamental normative rules of the civil rights movement? | The fundamental rights were ensuring that the rights of all people are equally protected, extending to the rights of minorities, women's rights, disability rights and LGBT rights. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The main aim of the successful civil rights movement and other social movements for civil rights included ensuring that the rights of all people were and are equally protected by the law. These include but are not limited to the rights of minorities, women's rights, disability rights and LGBT rights ... |
d5cf97760dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What month were both the Treaty of London and the peace treaty between Imperial Japan and the Qing Dynasty signed? | They were both signed in April. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Treaty of London of 1839, also called the First Treaty of London, the Convention of 1839, the Treaty of Separation, the Quintuple Treaty of 1839, or the Treaty of the XXIV articles, was a treaty signed on 19 April 1839 between the Concert of Europe, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the K... |
d5cf979e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did the Treaty of Abernethy and the Treaty of Edinburgh involve the same countries? | Yes, they both involved Scotland and England. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton was a peace treaty signed in 1328 between the Kingdoms of England and Scotland. It brought an end to the First War of Scottish Independence, which had begun with the English invasion of Scotland in 1296."
},
{
"text": "The Treaty of Abernethy was signed at ... |
d5cf97c60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What country that signed a treaty on Feb 7th 1992 was Henry II King of in 1553? | France. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The twelve members of the European Communities signing the Treaty on 7 February 1992 were Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom."
},
{
"text": "His colleague Raymond de Beccarie de Pavie, sieur de Fourque... |
d5cf97e40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which agreement occurred most recently: The Agreement between the Allied and Associated Powers with Regard to the Contribution to the Cost of Liberation of the Territories or The Four Power Agreement on Berlin? | The Four Power Agreement on Berlin occurred 52 years after The Agreement between the Allied and Associated Powers. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Four Power Agreement on Berlin, also known as the Berlin Agreement or the Quadripartite Agreement on Berlin, was agreed on 3 September 1971 by the four wartime Allied powers, represented by their ambassadors."
},
{
"text": "The Agreement between the Allied and Associated Powers with Regar... |
d5cf98160dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which agreement consisted of the most countries: the Four Power Agreement or the Potsdam Agreement? | The Four Power Agreement consisted of four countries which is more than the three countries in the Potsdam Agreement. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Potsdam Agreement (German: Potsdamer Abkommen) was the August 1945 agreement between three of the Allies of World War II, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union."
},
{
"text": "The four foreign ministers, Alec Douglas-Home of the United Kingdom, Andrei Gromyko of the ... |
d5cf983e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | In which year, either 1951 or 1815, did Paris sign a treaty that included occupation of France by 150,000 soldiers for five years? | 1951 | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Treaty of Paris (formally the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community) was signed on 18 April 1951 between France, Italy, West Germany, and the three Benelux countries ( Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands ), establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which ... |
d5cf98660dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which field includes both Cliometrics and Marxian analysis? | Economics includes both Cliometrics and can involve Marxian ideas. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Marxian economics concerns itself variously with the analysis of crisis in capitalism, the role and distribution of the surplus product and surplus value in various types of economic systems, the nature and origin of economic value, the impact of class and class struggle on economic and political pro... |
d5cf988e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Do Title 11 and 18 of the United States Code both deal with a criminal code? | No, Title 11 deals with bankruptcy and Title 18 deals with crimes. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Title 18 of the United States Code is the main criminal code of the federal government of the United States. The Title deals with federal crimes and criminal procedure. In its coverage, Title 18 is similar to most U.S. state criminal codes, which typically are referred to by such names as Penal Code,... |
d5cf98fc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was Hafizullah Amin die prior to or after the initial CIA incursion into Afghanistan? | Prior. Amin was asssassinated in 1979; the CIA incursion didn't occur until 2001. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Gary C. Schroen is a former Central Intelligence Agency field officer who was in charge of the initial CIA incursion into Afghanistan in September 2001 to topple the Taliban regime and to destroy Al-Qaeda ."
},
{
"text": "Operation Storm-333 ( Russian: Шторм-333, romanized : Shtorm-333) was a... |
d5cf99240dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which occurred first, Operation Storm in 1979, or the 1979 cabinet reshuffle in Afghanistan? | The cabinet reshuffle in which Hafizullah Amin was inducted as prime minister. Amin was assassinated during Operation Storm. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The following lists events that happened during 1979 in Afghanistan . A mutiny in the Herat garrison by Afghan army officers is crushed. In a cabinet reshuffle, Taraki inducts Foreign Minister Amin as prime minister and himself takes over chairmanship of the Supreme Defense Council."
},
{
"te... |
d5cf994c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Were the economies of Linton, Indiana and community that is home to the historic John Pope House both focused on the same industry? | No | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In the middle decades of the 20th century, Burwood was a rural community that served as a trading center for area farmers, while much business moved to the city of Franklin. Burwood is the location of the John Pope House and the Huff Store, which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places... |
d5cf99740dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was Mellon founded before or after Matthew Taylor Mellon died? | before | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Billionaire Matthew Taylor Mellon and descendent of founder the now BNY Mellon, has died at the age of 54 in a hotel room in Mexico. He was due to check in at a rehabilitation centre for drug addiction in Cancun, Mexico. He had been reported to be addicted to the painkiller, OxyContin."
},
{
... |
d5cf999c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which economy was more developed, when comparing the colonial United Stated and the Indus Valley Civilization? | The Indus Valley Civilization economy was more developed, since it relied significantly on trade and even overseas trade, whereas the colonial US economy was primarily characterized by subsistence farming. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The economic history of India begins with the Indus Valley Civilisation (3300–1300 BCE), whose economy appears to have depended significantly on trade and examples of overseas trade. The Vedic period saw countable units of precious metal being used for exchange. The term Nishka appears in this sense ... |
d5cf99c40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Were goods sold outside the household in the economies of both the colonial United Stated and the Indus Valley Civilization? | Yes, since farm households in the colonial US sold some goods, and the Indus Valley Civilization's economy depended significantly on trade. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The colonial economy of what would become the United States was pre-industrial, primarily characterized by subsistence farming. Farm households also were engaged in handicraft production, mostly for home consumption, but with some goods sold."
},
{
"text": "The economic history of India begin... |
d5cf9a140dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How old was Marius Maximus when his brother Lucius Marius Perpetuus became suffect consul? | He was 43 years old. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Probably born about 160 AD, Marius Maximus’ military career began in the reign of Marcus Aurelius, when he was Tribunus laticlavius of the Legio XXII Primigenia. Around 178 to 180, he held the same rank in the Legio III Italica."
},
{
"text": "Marius Maximus had a son, Lucius Marius Maximus, ... |
d5cf9a3c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What sort of beings are both Salacia and Caelus? | Salacia and Caelus are Roman Deities (gods and goddesses). | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Uranus is associated with the Roman god Caelus. In Ancient Greek literature, Uranus or Father Sky was the son and husband of Gaia, the primordial Earth Mother (Mother Earth). According to Hesiod 's Theogony, Uranus was conceived by Gaia alone, but other sources suggest he was born from Nyx, or Aether... |
d5cf9a640dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who was more concerned with people living on earth, helping them to improve their life; Anubis or Moses? | Moses | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Moses said that he could not speak eloquently, so God allowed Aaron, his elder brother, to become his spokesperson. After the Ten Plagues, Moses led the Exodus of the Israelites out of Egypt and across the Red Sea, after which they based themselves at Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Command... |
d5cf9a8c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who had created more in their realm; Cerberus or Ra? | Ra | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ra was believed to rule in all parts of the created world: the sky, the Earth, and the underworld. He was the god of the sun, order, kings and the sky. Ra was portrayed as a falcon and shared characteristics with the sky-god Horus."
},
{
"text": "Cerberus was the three-faced guard dog of the ... |
d5cf9ab40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which embodiment of a god enabled more flight; Cerberus or Ra? | Ra | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ra was believed to rule in all parts of the created world: the sky, the Earth, and the underworld. He was the god of the sun, order, kings and the sky. Ra was portrayed as a falcon and shared characteristics with the sky-god Horus."
},
{
"text": "Cerberus was the three-faced guard dog of the ... |
d5cf9ae60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What political struggle between the Plebeians and Patricians led to a secession from Rome by Plebeians? | The Struggle of the Orders. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Conflict or Struggle of the Orders was a political struggle between the Plebeians (commoners) and Patricians (aristocrats) of the ancient Roman Republic lasting from 500 BC to 287 BC, in which the Plebeians sought political equality with the Patricians. It played a major role in the development o... |
d5cf9b0e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which Roman group seceded to the Sacred Mount and had tribunes that were sacrosanct? | The Plebs. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It played a major role in the development of the Constitution of the Roman Republic. Shortly after the founding of the Republic, this conflict led to a secession from Rome by Plebeians to the Sacred Mount at a time of war."
},
{
"text": "The tribunes of the plebs were sacrosanct, meaning that... |
d5cf9b360dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What type of housing was probably used by the emperor as a retreat from the busy life at the court, and the emperor Hadrian having one in Tibur? | A villa. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "On the island sits a small Roman house complete with an atrium, a library, a triclinium, and small baths. The area was probably used by the emperor as a retreat from the busy life at the court. The villa utilizes numerous architectural styles and innovations."
},
{
"text": "The emperor Hadria... |
d5cf9b5e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What prehistoric era had its agriculturalists deforesting areas of woodland in the British Isles for farming and had the first pastoralist societies in the desert of the Southern Levant? | The Neolithic. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In the eastern desert regions of the Southern Levant—the Badia —the whole period is referred to as the Late Neolithic (c. 7000–5000 BCE). It is marked by the appearance of the first pastoralist societies in the desert, who may have migrated there following the abandonment of the large PPNB settlement... |
d5cf9b860dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was the Late Neolithic period of the first pastoralist societies in the desert during the Bronze Age when copper started to be used? | No, the Late Neolithic was at least a couple thousand years before the Bronze Age. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In the eastern desert regions of the Southern Levant—the Badia —the whole period is referred to as the Late Neolithic (c. 7000–5000 BCE). It is marked by the appearance of the first pastoralist societies in the desert, who may have migrated there following the abandonment of the large PPNB settlement... |
d5cf9bae0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What kind of family were the gens Opimia and cognomen Flaccus from? | They are from plebeian families. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The gens Opimia, also written Opeimia on coins, was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens are first mentioned during the time of the Samnite Wars, and they are mentioned in Roman historians from then down to the end of the Republic. The first of the Opimii to obtain the consulship w... |
d5cf9bd60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which feline animal based god did the set of cultures believing in four world divisions, matching direction and seeing the future in still water, believe in and worship? | Mesoamerican cultures believed in a jaguar god. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The set of traits shared by Mesoamerican cultures also included astronomical knowledge, blood and human sacrifice, and a cosmovision that viewed the world as divided into four divisions aligned with the cardinal directions, each with different attributes, and a three-way division of the world into th... |
d5cf9bfe0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which real animal do both Nuckalavee and Sleipner most resemble? | Nuckalavee and Sleipner most resemble a horse. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The nuckelavee ( / nʌklɑːˈviː /) or nuckalavee is a horse-like demon from Orcadian mythology that combines equine and human elements. It has its origins in Norse mythology, and British folklorist Katharine Briggs called it \"the nastiest\" of all the demons of Scotland's Northern Isles."
},
{
... |
d5cf9c260dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which being is described in a more negative way in most literature reference; Sleipner or Nuckalavee? | Nuckalavee is described as "the Nastiest" of demons. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The nuckelavee ( / nʌklɑːˈviː /) or nuckalavee is a horse-like demon from Orcadian mythology that combines equine and human elements. It has its origins in Norse mythology, and British folklorist Katharine Briggs called it \"the nastiest\" of all the demons of Scotland's Northern Isles."
},
{
... |
d5cf9c940dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What happens to Creon's daughter when Herakles rushes back to Thebes to save Amphitryon? | She's killed by Herakles | text | [] | [
{
"text": "While Herakles is in the underworld obtaining Cerberus for one of his labours, his father Amphitryon, wife Megara, and children are sentenced to death in Thebes by Lycus. Herakles arrives in time to save them, though the goddesses Iris and Madness ( personified) cause him to kill his wife and childre... |
d5cf9cbc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of the Egyptian oasis south of the New Valley Governorate that is also a type of ancient Egyptian ship? | Baris. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "There are a vast number of these vessels in Egypt, and some of them are of many thousand talents' burthen. A baris is a type of ancient Egyptian ship, whose unique method of construction was described by Herodotus, writing in about 450 BC."
},
{
"text": "Baris ( Arabic: باريس ) is an oasis i... |
d5cf9ce40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Can you find Baris near the city of Çanakkale in Turkey? | No, it is south of the New Valley Governorate in Egypt. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Baris ( Arabic: باريس ) is an oasis in Egypt. It contains the ancient Egyptian temple of Dosh. It is south of the New Valley Governorate, 90 km (56 mi) from the Kharga Oasis ."
},
{
"text": "It was located at the Nara Burnu promontory on the Asian coast of the Hellespont, opposite the ancien... |
d5cf9d0c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which civilization's mythology contains Uranus or Father Sky that had a planet with an atmospheric composition of hydrogen and helium named after him? | Ancient Greek. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Uranus's atmosphere is similar to Jupiter's and Saturn's in its primary composition of hydrogen and helium, but it contains more \" ices \" such as water, ammonia, and methane, along with traces of other hydrocarbons."
},
{
"text": "Uranus is associated with the Roman god Caelus. In Ancient G... |
d5cf9d340dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Where does the son of Nyx, brother of Thanotos and Hypnos work? | Charon, son of Nyx, brother of Thanotos and Hypnos works as a ferryman on Hades. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In mythology, Charon was the ferryman of Hades. He was the son of Erebos and Nyx. Charon took the newly dead people across the river Acheron or Styx to the Greek underworld, if they paid him three obolus (a Greek silver coin)."
},
{
"text": "Charon is the son of Nyx. He was also the brother o... |
d5cf9d840dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was the two-headed dog who guarded Geryon 's cattle named Cerberus and got killed by Heracles? | No, its names is Orthus. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Heracles, wearing his characteristic lion-skin, club in right hand, leash in left, presenting a three-headed Cerberus, snakes coiling from his snouts, necks and front paws, to a frightened Eurystheus hiding in a giant pot. Caeretan hydria (c. 530 BC) from Caere (Louvre E701)."
},
{
"text": "D... |
d5cf9dd40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What happened to the person who was named after the place that is a large Byzantine building attached to the walls of the city of Istanbul? | Anemas, whom the prison of Anemas was named after and is now a large Byzantine building attached to the city of Istanbul was the first person imprisoned there. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Prison of Anemas ( Turkish: Anemas Zindanları) is a large Byzantine building attached to the walls of the city of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey )."
},
{
"text": "It is traditionally identified with the prisons named after Michael Anemas, a Byzantine general who rose in unsuc... |
d5cf9dfc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What military type vocation did the person who built the large Byzantine building attached to the walls of Istanbul (current day name)? | Michael Anemas was a Byzantine General and he built the Prison of Anamas in Istanbul. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Upon settling in Constantinople, Anemas converted to Christianity and joined the Byzantine army as a member of the imperial bodyguard. When the emperor John I Tzimiskes campaigned against the Kievan Rus in 971, Anemas joined the expedition and went on to fight in a number of engagements during the Si... |
d5cf9e240dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What element do Logi and Surtr have in common? | Fire | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In modern Iceland, the notion of Surtr as a giant of fire lives on; Surtsey (\"Surtr's island\"), a volcanic island that appeared in 1963 in Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland, is named after Surtr. The description found in Gylfaginning of Surtr guarding the frontier of Múspell is depicted in John Charles Dollm... |
d5cf9e4c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which is more associated with a fire breathing animal; Gram or Surtr? | Gram | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In modern Iceland, the notion of Surtr as a giant of fire lives on; Surtsey (\"Surtr's island\"), a volcanic island that appeared in 1963 in Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland, is named after Surtr. The description found in Gylfaginning of Surtr guarding the frontier of Múspell is depicted in John Charles Dollm... |
d5cf9e9c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What region is part of the Caucasus where Augustus installed Tigranes V as king in AD 6? | Armenia. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It is a part of the Caucasus region; and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the Lachin corridor under a Russian peacekeeping force, and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south. Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-s... |
d5cf9ec40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What word in Modern English has its origins in the Latin term used by the Romans and had an exception in Egypt? | Province. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Provinces were generally governed by politicians of senatorial rank, usually former consuls or former praetors. A later exception was the province of Egypt, which was incorporated by Augustus after the death of Cleopatra and was ruled by a governor of only equestrian rank, perhaps as a discouragement... |
d5cf9eec0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which ancient nation's mythology contained the religion of Numa and had a semi-divine ancestor in the Trojan refugee Aeneas who established religion there in the first place? | Rome. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "According to mythology, Rome had a semi-divine ancestor in the Trojan refugee Aeneas, son of Venus, who was said to have established the nucleus of Roman religion when he brought the Palladium, Lares and Penates from Troy to Italy. These objects were believed in historical times to remain in the keep... |
d5cf9f140dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What Greek word might be used to describe Cecrops? | Cecrops was an early king in Athens, the Greek word for King is Anax. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Actaeus was the father of Aglaurus, and father-in-law to Cecrops, the first king of the city of Athens . Actaeus was said to have ruled over a city named Acte ( Ἀκτή Akte) or Actica."
},
{
"text": "Anax ( Greek: Ἄναξ; from earlier ϝάναξ, wánax) is an ancient Greek word for \" tribal chief, lo... |
d5cf9f460dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which city/state did both Cecrops and Aristagoras serve? | Cecrops and Aristagoras were involved in leading people in Athens. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Aristagoras secured military support from Athens and Eretria, and in 498 BC these forces helped to capture and burn the Persian regional capital of Sardis. The Persian king Darius the Great vowed to have revenge on Athens and Eretria for this act."
},
{
"text": "Actaeus was the father of Agla... |
d5cf9f6e0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What was the name of imperial Rome's Praetorian Guard that used an emblem with a scorpion on it? | They were the equites singulares Augusti. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The equites singulares Augusti (lit: \"personal cavalry of the emperor\" i.e. imperial horseguards) were the cavalry arm of the Praetorian Guard during the Principate period of imperial Rome. Based in Rome, they escorted the Roman emperor whenever he left the City on a campaign or on tours of the pro... |
d5cf9fbe0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of the son of Arestor who was the ship builder of the ship that sailed from Iolcos to Colchis to retrieve the Golden Fleece? | Argus. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Argus, son of Phineus and Danaë, in a rare variant of the myth in which she and her two sons (the other being Argeus) travel to Italy. Argus (son of Arestor), builder of the ship Argo in the tale of the Argonauts. Argus, eldest son of Phrixus and Chalciope ( Iophassa ), and husband of Perimele, daugh... |
d5cf9fe60dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What name is shared between the many-eyed giant in Greek mythology and the (son of Arestor)? | Argus. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Note the eyes covering Argus' body. Io as a cow stands in the background. Argus Panoptes (All-seeing; Ancient Greek: Ἄργος Πανόπτης) or Argos ( Ancient Greek: Ἄργος) is a many-eyed giant in Greek mythology."
},
{
"text": "Argus, son of Phineus and Danaë, in a rare variant of the myth in which... |
d5cfa0680dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the name of the war that was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans and had Ares was on the losing side? | The Trojan War. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In Greek mythology, the Trojan War was waged against the city of Troy by the Achaeans ( Greeks) after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta. The war is one of the most important events in Greek mythology and has been narrated through many works of Greek literature, most n... |
d5cfa0a40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which animals were buried during the worship of Hathor and Bat and also were depicted on heads of men in Egyptian art? | Bulls were buried with Hathor and Bat and were seen in art by Egyptians. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ceremonial burials of bulls indicate that ritual sacrifice was part of the worship of the early cow deities, Hathor and Bat, and a bull might represent her offspring, a king who became a deity after death."
},
{
"text": "In Egyptian art, Montu was depicted as a falcon -headed or bull-headed m... |
d5cfa0cc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was the Egyptian princess Tiya the mother of King Taharqa and probably the wife of King Piye? | No. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "An Egyptian queen, the mother of King Taharqa and probably the wife of King Piye . Commander under the Ptolemaic Egyptian king Ptolemy XIII. Executed at the orders of Arsinoe IV of Egypt by Ganymedes . Egyptian commissioner in southern Canaan mentioned in the Amarna letters."
},
{
"text": "Ti... |
d5cfa0f40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What is the namesake of the Temple with Mount Vesuvius in the background, who was usually thought to have originated as an aerial god? | Jupiter. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Jupiter is usually thought to have originated as an aerial god. His identifying implement is the thunderbolt and his primary sacred animal is the eagle, which held precedence over other birds in the taking of auspices and became one of the most common symbols of the Roman army (see Aquila )."
},
... |
d5cfa11c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was Ascanius was the founder and first king of Alba Longa a member of the Capitoline Triad and called Regina? | No, Juno was a member of the Capitoline Triad and called Regina. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "In all accounts, Ascanius was the founder and first king of Alba Longa, while Iulus was claimed as the ancestor of the Julian gens. Eratosthenes, the most influential of the ancient chronologists, reckoned that the sack of Troy occurred in 1184 BC, more than four centuries before the traditional foun... |
d5cfa1440dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Was the Parthenon frieze built during the battle near the city of Plataea in Boeotia? | No, it was built around 30 years after. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Parthenon frieze is the high-relief pentelic marble sculpture created to adorn the upper part of the Parthenon ’s naos. It was sculpted between c. 443 and 437 BC, most likely under the direction of Pheidias. Of the 160 meters (524 ft) of the original frieze, 128 meters (420 ft) survives—some 80 p... |
d5cfa16c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Do the bi and ud cuneiform have multiple readings? | Yes, bi can be read as pí, and ud as ut. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The cuneiform ud sign, also ut, and with numerous other syllabic uses, as well as multiple sumerogramic uses is a common sign for the mid 14th-century BC Amarna letters and the Epic of Gilgamesh."
},
{
"text": "The cuneiform bi sign, also pí, and used for other syllabic forms, as well as a su... |
d5cfa1940dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many years before the defeat of the usurper Allectus by Constantius Chlorus did Julius Caesar annex eastern Numidia? | 342 years | text | [] | [
{
"text": "It was probably created after the defeat of the usurper Allectus by Constantius Chlorus in AD 296 and was mentioned in the c. 312 Verona List of the Roman provinces. Its position and capital remain uncertain, although it probably lay further from Rome than Britannia I."
},
{
"text": "46 BC – ... |
d5cfa1bc0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The man who had the provinces Illyricum and Gallia Narbonensis under his command annexed what area in 46 BC? | Eastern Numidia | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Caesar had four legions under his command, two of his provinces, Illyricum and Gallia Narbonensis, bordered on unconquered territory, and independent Gaul was known to be unstable."
},
{
"text": "46 BC – Africa Nova (eastern Numidia – Algeria), Julius Caesar annexed eastern Numidia and the ne... |
d5cfa20c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The Metamorphoses of Apuleius and Amphitryon are both works that originated in what empire? | The Roman Empire | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Amphitryon or Amphitruo is a Latin play for the early Roman theatre by playwright Titus Maccius Plautus. It is Plautus’ only play on a mythological subject; he refers to it as a tragicomoedia (tragic comedy) in the prologue."
},
{
"text": "The Metamorphoses of Apuleius, which Augustine of Hip... |
d5cfa2340dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What were the standard types of tomb for important people in pre and early dynastic periods of this country that the Rosetta Stone is in? | The mastaba | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Rosetta Stone is a granodiorite stele inscribed with three versions of a decree issued in Memphis, Egypt in 196 BC during the Ptolemaic dynasty on behalf of King Ptolemy V Epiphanes. The top and middle texts are in Ancient Egyptian using hieroglyphic and Demotic scripts respectively, while the bo... |
d5cfa25c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | What was the name of the standard belt word by soldiers who worse boots named Caligae? | The balteus | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Other garments and equipment included: The baldric, a belt worn over one shoulder that is typically used to carry a weapon (usually a sword) or other implement such as a bugle or drum The balteus, the standard belt worn by the Roman legionary. It was probably used to tuck clothing into or to hold wea... |
d5cfa2840dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The type of solider who wore a belt named the balteus sometimes wore helms with crests made of what? | Plumes or horse hair | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Other garments and equipment included: The baldric, a belt worn over one shoulder that is typically used to carry a weapon (usually a sword) or other implement such as a bugle or drum The balteus, the standard belt worn by the Roman legionary. It was probably used to tuck clothing into or to hold wea... |
d5cfa2ac0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The era Lucius Junius Brutus helped begin ended with the beginning of what? | Imperial rule | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The \" Capitoline Brutus \", traditionally identified as a bust of Lucius Junius Brutus (d. 509 BC), who himself was identified traditionally as the founder of the republic. The early republican constitution was dominated by the patricians, who monopolised all control of the magistracies, the Senate,... |
d5cfa34c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Anaxandridas I and Eurypon were both kings of what? | Sparta | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Eurypon, otherwise called Eurytion ( Greek: Εὐρυπῶν, Εὐρυτίων ), son of Soos and grandson of Procles, was the third king of that house at Sparta, and thenceforward gave it the name of Eurypontidae."
},
{
"text": "Anaxandridas I ( Greek: Ἀναξανδρίδας) (reigned from c. 675 to c. 645 BC) was kin... |
d5cfa3740dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Who was the third king of the Spartan dynasty that Anaxandridas I was part of? | Eurypon | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Eurypon, otherwise called Eurytion ( Greek: Εὐρυπῶν, Εὐρυτίων ), son of Soos and grandson of Procles, was the third king of that house at Sparta, and thenceforward gave it the name of Eurypontidae."
},
{
"text": "Anaxandridas I ( Greek: Ἀναξανδρίδας) (reigned from c. 675 to c. 645 BC) was kin... |
d5cfa3ba0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Did the Romans establish a legionary fortress at Isca Dumnoniorum before or after Caradocus gave Octavius a marraige suggestion? | Before, as the legionary fortress was established by the Romans when they first arrived, and the proposal was made after their defeat. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Once arrived, he scatters the Roman forces and retakes the throne of Britain, gaining an incredible amount of wealth and prestige. Eventually, Caradocus, Duke of Cornwall, suggests that Octavius marry his only daughter Helen to the new Roman Emperor, Maximianus (Magnus Maximus), thereby uniting the B... |
d5cfa3e20dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Were Kraters used in Ancient Greek funerary vases? | They were. | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Ancient Greek funerary vases are decorative grave markers made in ancient Greece that were designed to resemble liquid-holding vessels. These decorated vases were placed on grave sites as a mark of elite status."
},
{
"text": "A krater or crater ( Greek: κρατήρ, kratēr, literally \"mixing ves... |
d5cfa4320dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | The civilisation that began as an Italic settlement in the Italian Peninsula gradually granted what to various people under its rule? | Citizenship | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The civilisation began as an Italic settlement in the Italian Peninsula, traditionally dated to 753 BC, that grew into the city of Rome and which subsequently gave its name to the empire over which it ruled and to the widespread civilisation the empire developed."
},
{
"text": "The city of Ro... |
d5cfa45a0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | To which culture do Apis and Epikleros belong? | Greek | text | [] | [
{
"text": "An epikleros ( ἐπίκληρος; plural epikleroi) was an heiress in ancient Athens and other ancient Greek city states, specifically a daughter of a man who had no male heirs. In Sparta, they were called patrouchoi ( πατροῦχοι ), as they were in Gortyn."
},
{
"text": "Apis ( / ˈeɪpɪs /; Ancient Gre... |
d5cfa48c0dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Which partner in the Byzantine–Venetian Treaty of 1082 had the statues of a pair of armored late Roman emperors embracing each other last? | Venice | text | [] | [
{
"text": "Even so, Venice became a partner of the Empire and trading privileges were granted to it by the Emperors via treaties, such as the Byzantine–Venetian Treaty of 1082 ."
},
{
"text": "It probably formed part of the decorations of the Philadelphion in Constantinople, and was removed to Venice in... |
d5cfa4b40dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | Lucius Postumius and Ulitheus both suffered what fate in battle? | Defeat | text | [] | [
{
"text": "John defeated the Gothic commander Ulitheus in battle and took Ariminum. As expected the Goths retreated from Rome. Belisarius predicted that the Goths would soon try to besiege John at Ariminum. He sent Ildiger and Martinus to replace John."
},
{
"text": "The Gallic Boii surprised and destro... |
d5cfa5040dba11ecb1e81171463288e9 | How many Romans escaped the ambush known as the The Battle of Silva Litana? | Ten | text | [] | [
{
"text": "The Gallic Boii surprised and destroyed a Roman army of 25,000 men under the consul -elect Lucius Postumius Albinus. Only ten men escaped the ambush, few prisoners were taken and Postumius was killed, decapitated and his skull covered with gold by the Boii."
},
{
"text": "The Battle of Silva ... |
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