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wikidoc
Maize
Maize Maize pronounced Template:IPA) (Zea mays L. ssp. mays; principally known as corn) is a cereal grain that was domesticated in Mesoamerica and then spread throughout the American continents. Maize spread to the rest of the world after European contact with the Americas in the late 15th century and early 16th centur...
Maize Template:This Maize pronounced Template:IPA) (Zea mays L. ssp. mays; principally known as corn[1][2][3]) is a cereal grain that was domesticated in Mesoamerica and then spread throughout the American continents. Maize spread to the rest of the world after European contact with the Americas in the late 15th centu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Maize
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wikidoc
Mamba
Mamba # Overview Mambas, of the genus Dendroaspis, are fast-moving tree-dwelling snakes of Africa. ("Dendroaspis" is literally "tree snake".) They belong to the family of Elapidae which includes cobras, coral snakes, kraits and, debatably, sea snakes, all of which can be extremely deadly. The black mamba is the longe...
Mamba # Overview Mambas, of the genus Dendroaspis, are fast-moving tree-dwelling snakes of Africa. ("Dendroaspis" is literally "tree snake".) They belong to the family of Elapidae which includes cobras, coral snakes, kraits and, debatably, sea snakes, all of which can be extremely deadly. The black mamba is the longe...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Mamba
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wikidoc
Mango
Mango The mango (plural mangoes or mangos) is a tropical fruit of the mango tree. Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera which consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The exact origins of the mango are unknown, but most believe that it is native to Southern an...
Mango The mango (plural mangoes or mangos) is a tropical fruit of the mango tree. Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera which consists of about 30 species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The exact origins of the mango are unknown, but most believe that it is native to Southern a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Mango
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wikidoc
Maple
Maple # Overview Acer (/ˈeɪsər/) is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple. Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or together with the Hippocastanaceae included in the family Sapindaceae. Modern classifications, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system, favour incl...
Maple Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Acer (/[invalid input: 'icon']ˈeɪsər/)[1] is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple. Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or together with the Hippocastanaceae included in the family Sapindaceae. Modern...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Maple
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wikidoc
Marsh
Marsh In geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of wetland which is subject to frequent or continuous inundation. Typically a marsh features grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water. A marsh is different from a swamp, w...
Marsh Template:Otheruses4 In geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of wetland which is subject to frequent or continuous inundation.[1] Typically a marsh features grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water. A marsh is d...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Marsh
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wikidoc
MeNZB
MeNZB MeNZB is a vaccine against a specific strain of group B meningococcus, currently being used to control an epidemic of meningococcal disease in New Zealand. Most people are able to carry the meningococcus bacteria safely with no ill effects. However, meningococcal disease can cause meningitis and septicaemia, res...
MeNZB MeNZB is a vaccine against a specific strain of group B meningococcus, currently being used to control an epidemic of meningococcal disease in New Zealand. Most people are able to carry the meningococcus bacteria safely with no ill effects. However, meningococcal disease can cause meningitis and septicaemia, re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/MeNZB
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wikidoc
Thiol
Thiol # Overview In organic chemistry, a thiol is a compound that contains the functional group composed of a sulfur atom and a hydrogen atom (-SH). Being the sulfur analogue of an alcohol group (-OH), this functional group is referred to either as a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group. More traditionally, thiols are of...
Thiol # Overview In organic chemistry, a thiol is a compound that contains the functional group composed of a sulfur atom and a hydrogen atom (-SH). Being the sulfur analogue of an alcohol group (-OH), this functional group is referred to either as a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group. More traditionally, thiols are of...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Mercaptan
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wikidoc
Metal
Metal # Overview In chemistry, a metal (Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily loses electrons to form positive ions (cations) and has metallic bonds between metal atoms. Metals form ionic bonds with non-metals. They are sometimes described as a lattice of positive ions surrounded by a cloud of delocalized electr...
Metal Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In chemistry, a metal (Greek: Metallon) is an element that readily loses electrons to form positive ions (cations) and has metallic bonds between metal atoms. Metals form ionic bonds with non-metals. They are sometimes described as a lattice of posit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Metal
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wikidoc
Model
Model # Overview A model is a pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept. And also it is a study of a miniature of the actual. Model may also refer to: Abstractions, concepts, and theories: - Model (abstract), an abstraction or conceptual o...
Model Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Template:Wiktionarypar A model is a pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept. And also it is a study of a miniature of the actual. Model may also refer to: Abstractions,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Model
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wikidoc
Moles
Moles # Overview Moles are growths on the skin. They happen when cells in the skin, called melanocytes, grow in a cluster with the surrounding tissue. Moles are very common. Most people have between 10 and 40 moles. A person may develop new moles from time to time, usually until about the age of 40. Moles are usually ...
Moles Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] # Overview Moles are growths on the skin. They happen when cells in the skin, called melanocytes, grow in a cluster with the surrounding tissue. Moles are very common. Most people have between 10 and...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Moles
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wikidoc
Mucin
Mucin # Overview Mucins are a family of large, heavily glycosylated proteins. Although some mucins are membrane-bound due to the presence of a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain that favors retention in the plasma membrane, the concentration here is on those mucins that are secreted on mucosal surfaces and saliva. ...
Mucin # Overview Mucins are a family of large, heavily glycosylated proteins. Although some mucins are membrane-bound due to the presence of a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain that favors retention in the plasma membrane, the concentration here is on those mucins that are secreted on mucosal surfaces and saliva. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Mucin
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Mucus
Mucus # Overview Mucus is a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and...
Mucus Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Mucus is a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the su...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Mucinous
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wikidoc
Spasm
Spasm A spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. It is sometimes accompanied by a sudden burst of pain, but is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. Spasmodic muscle contraction may also be due to a large ...
Spasm Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] A spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. It is sometimes accompanied by a sudden burst of pain, but is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. Spas...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Muscle_spasms
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wikidoc
N-Myc
N-Myc N-myc proto-oncogene protein also known as N-Myc or basic helix-loop-helix protein 37 (bHLHe37), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYCN gene. # Function The MYCN gene is a member of the MYC family of transcription factors and encodes a protein with a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain. This protein...
N-Myc N-myc proto-oncogene protein also known as N-Myc or basic helix-loop-helix protein 37 (bHLHe37), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYCN gene. # Function The MYCN gene is a member of the MYC family of transcription factors and encodes a protein with a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain. This protei...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/N-Myc
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wikidoc
NAA15
NAA15 N-alpha-acetyltransferase 15, NatA auxiliary subunit also known as gastric cancer antigen Ga19 (GA19), NMDA receptor-regulated protein 1 (NARG1), and Tbdn100 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NAA15 gene. NARG1 is the auxiliary subunit of the NatA (Nα-acetyltransferase A) complex. This NatA complex c...
NAA15 N-alpha-acetyltransferase 15, NatA auxiliary subunit also known as gastric cancer antigen Ga19 (GA19), NMDA receptor-regulated protein 1 (NARG1), and Tbdn100 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NAA15 gene.[1] NARG1 is the auxiliary subunit of the NatA (Nα-acetyltransferase A) complex. This NatA compl...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NAA15
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wikidoc
NAGLU
NAGLU N-acetylglucosaminidase, alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NAGLU gene. # Function This gene encodes an enzyme that degrades heparan sulfate by hydrolysis of terminal N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminides. # Clinical significance Defects in this gene are the cause o...
NAGLU N-acetylglucosaminidase, alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NAGLU gene.[1] # Function This gene encodes an enzyme that degrades heparan sulfate by hydrolysis of terminal N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminides. # Clinical significance Defects in this gene are the cau...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NAGLU
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wikidoc
NALP3
NALP3 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3), also known as cryopyrin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene located on the long arm of chromosome 1. NALP3 is expressed predominantly in macrophages and as a component of the inflammasome,:436 detects products of damaged cells such as...
NALP3 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3), also known as cryopyrin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene[1] located on the long arm of chromosome 1.[2] NALP3 is expressed predominantly in macrophages and as a component of the inflammasome,[3][4]:436 detects products of damaged ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NALP3
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wikidoc
NBPF1
NBPF1 Neuroblastoma Breakpoint Family, Member 1, or NBPF1 is a protein that is encoded by the gene NBPF1 in humans. This protein is member of the neuroblastoma breakpoint family proteins, a group of proteins that are thought to be involved in the development of the nervous system. # Gene The NBPF1 gene in humans is lo...
NBPF1 Neuroblastoma Breakpoint Family, Member 1, or NBPF1 is a protein that is encoded by the gene NBPF1 in humans. This protein is member of the neuroblastoma breakpoint family proteins, a group of proteins that are thought to be involved in the development of the nervous system.[1] # Gene The NBPF1 gene in humans i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NBPF1
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wikidoc
NBPF3
NBPF3 Neuroblastoma breakpoint family, member 3, also known as NBPF3, is a human gene of the neuroblastoma breakpoint family, which resides on chromosome 1 of the human genome. NBPF3 is located at 1p36.12, immediately upstream of genes ALPL and RAP1GAP. # Protein sequence The NBPF3 gene is 633 amino acids long and co...
NBPF3 Neuroblastoma breakpoint family, member 3, also known as NBPF3, is a human gene of the neuroblastoma breakpoint family, which resides on chromosome 1 of the human genome. NBPF3 is located at 1p36.12, immediately upstream of genes ALPL and RAP1GAP.[1] # Protein sequence The NBPF3 gene is 633 amino acids long an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NBPF3
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wikidoc
NCAPH
NCAPH Condensin complex subunit 2 also known as chromosome-associated protein H (CAP-H) or non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H (NCAPH) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCAPH gene. CAP-H is a subunit of condensin I, a large protein complex involved in chromosome condensation # Function CAP-H is a member ...
NCAPH Condensin complex subunit 2 also known as chromosome-associated protein H (CAP-H) or non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H (NCAPH) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCAPH gene.[1][2] CAP-H is a subunit of condensin I, a large protein complex involved in chromosome condensation # Function CAP-H is a ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NCAPH
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wikidoc
NCEH1
NCEH1 Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH) also known as arylacetamide deacetylase-like 1 (AADACL1) or KIAA1363 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NCEH1 gene. NCEH is an enzyme located in the endoplasmic reticulum. NCEH hydrolyzes 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol ether, as part of an enzymatic pathway reg...
NCEH1 Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH) also known as arylacetamide deacetylase-like 1 (AADACL1) or KIAA1363 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NCEH1 gene.[1] NCEH is an enzyme located in the endoplasmic reticulum. NCEH hydrolyzes 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol ether, as part of an enzymatic pathway...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NCEH1
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wikidoc
NDC80
NDC80 Kinetochore protein NDC80 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDC80 gene. # Function Ndc80 is one of the proteins of outer kinetochore. It forms a heterotetramer with proteins NUF2, SPC25, and SPC24. This protein complex has microtubule-binding domains. HEC is one of several proteins involved ...
NDC80 Kinetochore protein NDC80 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDC80 gene.[1][2][3] # Function Ndc80 is one of the proteins of outer kinetochore. It forms a heterotetramer with proteins NUF2, SPC25[4], and SPC24. This protein complex has microtubule-binding domains.[5] HEC is one of several pr...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NDC80
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wikidoc
NDEL1
NDEL1 Nuclear distribution protein nudE-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDEL1 gene. This gene encodes a thiol-activated oligopeptidase that is phosphorylated in M phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation regulates the cell cycle-dependent distribution of this protein, with a fraction of the protein...
NDEL1 Nuclear distribution protein nudE-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDEL1 gene.[1][2][3] This gene encodes a thiol-activated oligopeptidase that is phosphorylated in M phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation regulates the cell cycle-dependent distribution of this protein, with a fraction of t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NDEL1
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wikidoc
NDRG1
NDRG1 Protein NDRG1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDRG1 gene. This gene is a member of the N-myc downregulated gene family which belongs to the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic protein involved in stress responses, hormone responses, cell growth, and di...
NDRG1 Protein NDRG1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NDRG1 gene.[1][2][3][4] This gene is a member of the N-myc downregulated gene family which belongs to the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily. The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic protein involved in stress responses, hormone responses, cell g...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NDRG1
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wikidoc
NEAT1
NEAT1 Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a ~3.2 kb novel nuclear long non-coding RNA (RIKEN cDNA 2310043N10Rik). It is also known as Virus Inducible NonCoding RNA (VINC) or MEN epsilon RNA. It is transcribed from the multiple endocrine neoplasia locus. Expression of NEAT1 is induced in mouse brains duri...
NEAT1 Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a ~3.2 kb novel nuclear long non-coding RNA (RIKEN cDNA 2310043N10Rik). It is also known as Virus Inducible NonCoding RNA (VINC) or MEN epsilon RNA. It is transcribed from the multiple endocrine neoplasia locus.[1][2][3][4] Expression of NEAT1 is induced in mous...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NEAT1
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wikidoc
NEDD4
NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 also known as neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4 (NEDD4) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NEDD4 gene. NEDD4 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme that targets proteins for ubiquitination. NEDD4 is a highly conserved gene in eukaryotes...
NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 also known as neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4 (NEDD4) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NEDD4 gene.[1][2] NEDD4 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase enzyme that targets proteins for ubiquitination. NEDD4 is a highly conserved gene in euk...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NEDD4
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wikidoc
NEDD8
NEDD8 NEDD8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEDD8 gene. (In Saccharomyces cerevisiae this protein is known as Rub1.) This ubiquitin-like protein (ULP), becomes covalently conjugated to a limited number of cellular proteins in a manner analogous to ubiquitination. Human NEDD8 shares 60% amino acid sequen...
NEDD8 NEDD8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEDD8 gene.[1][2] (In Saccharomyces cerevisiae this protein is known as Rub1.) This ubiquitin-like protein (ULP), becomes covalently conjugated to a limited number of cellular proteins in a manner analogous to ubiquitination. Human NEDD8 shares 60% amino acid...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NEDD8
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wikidoc
NEDD9
NEDD9 Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 9 (NEDD-9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEDD9 gene. NEDD-9 is also known as enhancer of filamentation 1 (EF1), CRK-associated substrate-related protein (CAS-L), and Cas scaffolding protein family member 2 (CASS2). An important...
NEDD9 Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 9 (NEDD-9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEDD9 gene.[1] NEDD-9 is also known as enhancer of filamentation 1 (EF1), CRK-associated substrate-related protein (CAS-L), and Cas scaffolding protein family member 2 (CASS2). An impor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NEDD9
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wikidoc
NEIL1
NEIL1 Endonuclease VIII-like 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NEIL1 gene. NEIL1 belongs to a class of DNA glycosylases homologous to the bacterial Fpg/Nei family. These glycosylases initiate the first step in base excision repair by cleaving bases damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and introducing ...
NEIL1 Endonuclease VIII-like 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NEIL1 gene.[1][2] NEIL1 belongs to a class of DNA glycosylases homologous to the bacterial Fpg/Nei family. These glycosylases initiate the first step in base excision repair by cleaving bases damaged by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intro...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NEIL1
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wikidoc
NELL1
NELL1 Protein kinase C-binding protein NELL1 also known as NEL-like protein 1 (NELL1) or Nel-related protein 1 (NRP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NELL1 gene. # Function This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that contains epidermal growth factor (EGF) -like repeats. The encoded heterotrimeric protei...
NELL1 Protein kinase C-binding protein NELL1 also known as NEL-like protein 1 (NELL1) or Nel-related protein 1 (NRP1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NELL1 gene.[1][2][3] # Function This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that contains epidermal growth factor (EGF) -like repeats. The encoded heterotrime...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NELL1
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wikidoc
NF-kB
NF-kB # Overview NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) is a protein complex which is a transcription factor. NF-κB is found in all cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral antigens. NF-κB plays a key role in regula...
NF-kB Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Abdul Rafeh Naqash, M.B.B.S. # Overview NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) is a protein complex which is a transcription factor. NF-κB is found in all cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytok...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NF-kB
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wikidoc
NF-κB
NF-κB NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, heavy met...
NF-κB NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, heavy me...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NF-kappa_B
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wikidoc
NFASC
NFASC Neurofascin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFASC gene. # Function Neurofascin is an L1 family immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecule (see L1CAM) involved in axon subcellular targeting and synapse formation during neural development. # Clinical importance A homozygous mutation causing loss of Nfasc...
NFASC Neurofascin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFASC gene.[1][2][3] # Function Neurofascin is an L1 family immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecule (see L1CAM) involved in axon subcellular targeting and synapse formation during neural development.[3][4] # Clinical importance A homozygous mutation causi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NFASC
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wikidoc
NFAT5
NFAT5 Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5, also known as NFAT5, is a human gene that encodes a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in the osmotic stress. The product of this gene is a member of the nuclear factors of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors. Proteins b...
NFAT5 Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5, also known as NFAT5, is a human gene that encodes a transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes involved in the osmotic stress.[1] The product of this gene is a member of the nuclear factors of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors. Protei...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NFAT5
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wikidoc
NFKB1
NFKB1 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB1 gene. This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD prot...
NFKB1 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB1 gene.[1] This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NFKB1
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wikidoc
NFKB2
NFKB2 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB2 gene. # Function NF-κB has been detected in numerous cell types that express cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and some acute phase proteins in health and in various disease states. NF-κB is a...
NFKB2 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB2 gene.[1] # Function NF-κB has been detected in numerous cell types that express cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and some acute phase proteins in health and in various disease states. NF-κB ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NFKB2
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wikidoc
NGLY1
NGLY1 PNGase also known as N-glycanase 1 (EC 3.5.1.52) or peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NGLY1 gene. PNGase is a de-N-glycosylating enzyme that removes N-linked or asparagine-linked glycans (N-glycans) from glycoproteins. More specifically, NGL...
NGLY1 PNGase also known as N-glycanase 1 (EC 3.5.1.52) or peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NGLY1 gene. PNGase is a de-N-glycosylating enzyme that removes N-linked or asparagine-linked glycans (N-glycans) from glycoproteins.[1][2][3] More specifi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NGLY1
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wikidoc
NIPA1
NIPA1 Non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NIPA1 gene. This gene encodes a potential transmembrane protein which functions either as a receptor or transporter molecule, possibly as a magnesium transporter. This protein is thought to play a role i...
NIPA1 Non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome region protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NIPA1 gene.[1][2] This gene encodes a potential transmembrane protein which functions either as a receptor or transporter molecule, possibly as a magnesium transporter.[3] This protein is thought to pla...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NIPA1
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wikidoc
NIPBL
NIPBL Nipped-B-like protein (Nipbl), also known as Scc2 or delangin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NIPBL gene. Nipbl is required for the association of cohesin with DNA and is the major subunit of the cohesin loading complex. Heterozygous mutations in NIPBL account for an estimated 60% of case of Corneli...
NIPBL Nipped-B-like protein (Nipbl), also known as Scc2 or delangin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NIPBL gene.[1] Nipbl is required for the association of cohesin with DNA and is the major subunit of the cohesin loading complex.[2] Heterozygous mutations in NIPBL account for an estimated 60% of case of ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NIPBL
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wikidoc
NISCH
NISCH Nischarin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NISCH gene. # Function This gene encodes a nonadrenergic imidazoline-1 receptor protein that localizes to the cytosol and anchors to the inner layer of the plasma membrane. The orthologous mouse protein has been shown to influence cytoskeletal organization ...
NISCH Nischarin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NISCH gene.[1][2][3] # Function This gene encodes a nonadrenergic imidazoline-1 receptor protein that localizes to the cytosol and anchors to the inner layer of the plasma membrane. The orthologous mouse protein has been shown to influence cytoskeletal org...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NISCH
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wikidoc
NKG2D
NKG2D NKG2D is a transmembrane protein belonging to the CD94/NKG2 family of C-type lectin-like receptors. NKG2D is encoded by KLRK1 gene which is located in the NK-gene complex (NKC) situated on chromosome 6 in mice and chromosome 12 in humans. In mice, it is expressed by NK cells, NK1.1+ T cells, γδ T cells, activated...
NKG2D NKG2D is a transmembrane protein belonging to the CD94/NKG2 family of C-type lectin-like receptors.[1] NKG2D is encoded by KLRK1 gene which is located in the NK-gene complex (NKC) situated on chromosome 6 in mice[2] and chromosome 12 in humans.[3] In mice, it is expressed by NK cells, NK1.1+ T cells, γδ T cells,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NKG2D
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wikidoc
NLRC4
NLRC4 NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRC4 gene. # Structure The NLRC4 protein is highly conserved across mammalian species. It bears homology to the C. elegans Ced4 protein. It contains an n-terminal CARD domain, a central nucleotide binding/NACHT domain, and...
NLRC4 NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRC4 gene.[1][2] # Structure The NLRC4 protein is highly conserved across mammalian species. It bears homology to the C. elegans Ced4 protein. It contains an n-terminal CARD domain, a central nucleotide binding/NACHT doma...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NLRC4
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wikidoc
NLRC5
NLRC5 NLRC5, short for NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 5, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. NLRC5 is a pattern recognition receptor implicated in innate immunity to viruses potentially by regulating interferon activity. Recently, NLRC5 has been suggested to play a posi...
NLRC5 NLRC5, short for NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 5, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. NLRC5 is a pattern recognition receptor implicated in innate immunity to viruses potentially by regulating interferon activity.[1][2][3] Recently, NLRC5 has been suggested to p...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NLRC5
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wikidoc
NLRP1
NLRP1 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP1 gene. # Function This gene encodes a member of the Ced-4 family of apoptosis proteins. Ced-family members contain a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and are known to be key mediators of programmed cell death. The...
NLRP1 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP1 gene.[1][2][3] # Function This gene encodes a member of the Ced-4 family of apoptosis proteins. Ced-family members contain a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and are known to be key mediators of programmed cell ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NLRP1
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wikidoc
NLRP2
NLRP2 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP2 gene. NALP proteins, such as NALP2, are characterized by an N-terminal pyrin (MIM 608107) domain (PYD) and are involved in the activation of caspase-1 (CASP1; MIM 147678) by Toll-like receptors (see TLR4; MIM 60303...
NLRP2 NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP2 gene.[1][2][3] NALP proteins, such as NALP2, are characterized by an N-terminal pyrin (MIM 608107) domain (PYD) and are involved in the activation of caspase-1 (CASP1; MIM 147678) by Toll-like receptors (see TLR4;...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NLRP2
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wikidoc
NLRX1
NLRX1 NLRX1 or NLR family member X1, short for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRX1 gene. It is also known as NOD-like receptor X1, NLR family, X1, NOD5, NOD9, and CLR11.3, and is a member of the NOD-like receptor family of pat...
NLRX1 NLRX1 or NLR family member X1, short for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRX1 gene.[1][2] It is also known as NOD-like receptor X1, NLR family, X1, NOD5, NOD9, and CLR11.3, and is a member of the NOD-like receptor family...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NLRX1
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wikidoc
NOBOX
NOBOX Homeobox protein NOBOX, also known as newborn ovary homeobox protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOBOX gene. The official symbol (NOBOX) and the official full name (NOBOX oogenesis homeobox) are maintained by the HGNC. The NOBOX gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, cow, mouse, and ra...
NOBOX Homeobox protein NOBOX, also known as newborn ovary homeobox protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOBOX gene.[1][2][3] The official symbol (NOBOX) and the official full name (NOBOX oogenesis homeobox) are maintained by the HGNC. The NOBOX gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, cow, mou...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NOBOX
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wikidoc
NODAL
NODAL Nodal is a secretory protein that in humans is encoded by the NODAL gene which is located on chromosome 10q22.1. It belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-β) superfamily. Like many other members of this superfamily it is involved in cell differentiation in early embryogenesis, playing a key role in signal...
NODAL Nodal is a secretory protein that in humans is encoded by the NODAL gene[1][2] which is located on chromosome 10q22.1.[3] It belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF-β) superfamily. Like many other members of this superfamily it is involved in cell differentiation in early embryogenesis, playing a key role...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NODAL
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wikidoc
NPAS2
NPAS2 Neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) also known as member of PAS protein 4 (MOP4) is a transcription factor protein that in humans is encoded by the NPAS2 gene. NPAS2 is paralogous to CLOCK, and both are key proteins involved in the maintenance of circadian rhythms in mammals. In the brain, NPAS2 functions as a ...
NPAS2 Neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) also known as member of PAS protein 4 (MOP4) is a transcription factor protein that in humans is encoded by the NPAS2 gene.[1][2] NPAS2 is paralogous to CLOCK, and both are key proteins involved in the maintenance of circadian rhythms in mammals.[3] In the brain, NPAS2 funct...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NPAS2
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wikidoc
NPAS3
NPAS3 NPAS3 or Neuronal PAS domain protein 3 is a brain-enriched transcription factor belonging to the bHLH-PAS superfamily of transcription factors, the members of which carry out diverse functions, including circadian oscillations, neurogenesis, toxin metabolism, hypoxia, and tracheal development. NPAS3 contains basi...
NPAS3 NPAS3 or Neuronal PAS domain protein 3 is a brain-enriched transcription factor belonging to the bHLH-PAS superfamily of transcription factors, the members of which carry out diverse functions, including circadian oscillations, neurogenesis, toxin metabolism, hypoxia, and tracheal development. NPAS3 contains bas...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NPAS3
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wikidoc
NPHP1
NPHP1 Nephrocystin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPHP1 gene. # Function This gene encodes a protein with src homology domain 3 (SH3) patterns. Mutations in this gene cause familial juvenile nephronophthisis. # Interactions NPHP1 has been shown to interact with BCAR1, PTK2B, Filamin and INVS.
NPHP1 Nephrocystin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPHP1 gene.[1] # Function This gene encodes a protein with src homology domain 3 (SH3) patterns. Mutations in this gene cause familial juvenile nephronophthisis.[1] # Interactions NPHP1 has been shown to interact with BCAR1,[2][3] PTK2B,[3] Filamin[4...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NPHP1
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wikidoc
NPRL3
NPRL3 Nitrogen permease regulator-like 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPRL3 gene. # Function NPRL3 is a human protein of poorly understood function but has been associated with cancer. The most prominent function ascribed to Nprl3 to date is as part of the GATOR1 complex (with NPRL2 and DEPDC5) that i...
NPRL3 Nitrogen permease regulator-like 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPRL3 gene.[1] # Function NPRL3 is a human protein of poorly understood function[2] but has been associated with cancer. The most prominent function ascribed to Nprl3 to date is as part of the GATOR1 complex[3] (with NPRL2 and DEPD...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NPRL3
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wikidoc
NPTX2
NPTX2 Neuronal pentraxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPTX2 gene. # Function This gene encodes a member of the family of neuronal pentraxins, synaptic proteins that are related to C-reactive protein. This protein is involved in excitatory synapse formation. It also plays a role in clustering of alph...
NPTX2 Neuronal pentraxin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NPTX2 gene.[1][2] # Function This gene encodes a member of the family of neuronal pentraxins, synaptic proteins that are related to C-reactive protein. This protein is involved in excitatory synapse formation. It also plays a role in clustering ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NPTX2
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wikidoc
NRIP1
NRIP1 Nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) also known as receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRIP1 gene. # Function Nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) is a nuclear protein that specifically interacts with the hormone-dependent activation domain ...
NRIP1 Nuclear receptor-interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) also known as receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRIP1 gene.[1][2] # Function Nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 (NRIP1) is a nuclear protein that specifically interacts with the hormone-dependent activation ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NRIP1
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wikidoc
NRXN1
NRXN1 Neurexin-1-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRXN1 gene. Neurexins are a family of proteins that function in the vertebrate nervous system as cell adhesion molecules and receptors. They are encoded by several unlinked genes of which two, NRXN1 and NRXN3, are among the largest known human genes. ...
NRXN1 Neurexin-1-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRXN1 gene.[1] Neurexins are a family of proteins that function in the vertebrate nervous system as cell adhesion molecules and receptors. They are encoded by several unlinked genes of which two, NRXN1 and NRXN3, are among the largest known human gen...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NRXN1
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wikidoc
NSUN2
NSUN2 NOP2/Sun domain family, member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSUN2 gene. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for the gene. # Function The protein is a methyltransferase that catalyzes the methylation of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at posi...
NSUN2 NOP2/Sun domain family, member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NSUN2 gene.[1] Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for the gene. # Function The protein is a methyltransferase that catalyzes the methylation of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NSUN2
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wikidoc
NT5C3
NT5C3 Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3 (NTC53), also known as cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3A, pyrimidine 5’-nucleotidase (PN-I or P5'NI), and p56, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5C3, or NT5C3A, gene on chromosome 7. This gene encodes a member of the 5'-nucleotidase family of enzymes that catalyze the dephosp...
NT5C3 Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3 (NTC53), also known as cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3A, pyrimidine 5’-nucleotidase (PN-I or P5'NI), and p56, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NT5C3, or NT5C3A, gene on chromosome 7.[1][2][3][4] This gene encodes a member of the 5'-nucleotidase family of enzymes that catalyz...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NT5C3
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wikidoc
NTHL1
NTHL1 Endonuclease III-like protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NTHL1 gene. As reviewed by Li et al., NTHL1 is a bifunctional DNA glycosylase that has an associated beta-elimination activity. NTHL1 is usually involved in removing oxidative pyrimidine lesions through base excision repair. NTHL1 ca...
NTHL1 Endonuclease III-like protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NTHL1 gene.[1][2][3] As reviewed by Li et al.,[4] NTHL1 is a bifunctional DNA glycosylase that has an associated beta-elimination activity. NTHL1 is usually involved in removing oxidative pyrimidine lesions through base excision repa...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NTHL1
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wikidoc
NUAK1
NUAK1 NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 also known as AMPK-related protein kinase 5 (ARK5) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NUAK1 gene. # Function # Clinical significance ARK5 is important in tumor malignancy and invasiveness. # Research findings ARK5 is often overexpressed in multiple myeloma cell lines. ...
NUAK1 NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 also known as AMPK-related protein kinase 5 (ARK5) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NUAK1 gene.[1][2][3] # Function # Clinical significance ARK5 is important in tumor malignancy and invasiveness.[4] # Research findings ARK5 is often overexpressed in multiple myeloma...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NUAK1
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wikidoc
NUBP2
NUBP2 Nucleotide-binding protein 2 (NBP 2) also known as cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly factor NUBP2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUBP2 gene. NUBP2 is a member of the NUBP/MRP gene subfamily of ATP-binding proteins. There are two types in eukaryotes NUBP1 and NUBP2, and one novel human gene that defin...
NUBP2 Nucleotide-binding protein 2 (NBP 2) also known as cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly factor NUBP2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUBP2 gene.[1] NUBP2 is a member of the NUBP/MRP gene subfamily of ATP-binding proteins.[2] There are two types in eukaryotes NUBP1 and NUBP2, and one novel human gene tha...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NUBP2
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wikidoc
NUBPL
NUBPL Iron-sulfur protein NUBPL (IND1) also known as nucleotide-binding protein-like (NUBPL), IND1 homolog, Nucleotide-binding protein-like or huInd1 is an iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein that, in humans, is encoded by the NUBPL gene, located on chromosome 14q12. It has an early role in the assembly of the mitochondrial com...
NUBPL Iron-sulfur protein NUBPL (IND1) also known as nucleotide-binding protein-like (NUBPL), IND1 homolog, Nucleotide-binding protein-like or huInd1 is an iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein that, in humans, is encoded by the NUBPL gene, located on chromosome 14q12. It has an early role in the assembly of the mitochondrial co...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NUBPL
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wikidoc
NUDT1
NUDT1 Nudix hydrolase 1 (NUDT1) also known as MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) or 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine triphosphatase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NUDT1 gene. # Function Misincorporation of oxidized nucleoside triphosphates into DNA and/or RNA during replication and transcription can cause mutations that may...
NUDT1 Nudix hydrolase 1 (NUDT1) also known as MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) or 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine triphosphatase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NUDT1 gene.[1][2][3] # Function Misincorporation of oxidized nucleoside triphosphates into DNA and/or RNA during replication and transcription can cause mutation...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NUDT1
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wikidoc
NUTF2
NUTF2 Nuclear transport factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUTF2 gene. # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a cytosolic factor that facilitates protein transport into the nucleus. It interacts with the nuclear pore complex glycoprotein p62. This encoded protein acts at a relative late sta...
NUTF2 Nuclear transport factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUTF2 gene.[1][2][3] # Function The protein encoded by this gene is a cytosolic factor that facilitates protein transport into the nucleus. It interacts with the nuclear pore complex glycoprotein p62. This encoded protein acts at a relativ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/NUTF2
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wikidoc
N ray
N ray The so-called N rays (or N-rays) were a phenomenon described by French scientist René-Prosper Blondlot but subsequently found to be illusory. In 1903, Blondlot, a distinguished physicist working at the University of Nancy, perceived changes in the brightness of an electric spark in a spark gap placed in an X-ray ...
N ray The so-called N rays (or N-rays) were a phenomenon described by French scientist René-Prosper Blondlot but subsequently found to be illusory. In 1903, Blondlot, a distinguished physicist working at the University of Nancy, perceived changes in the brightness of an electric spark in a spark gap placed in an X-ray...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/N_ray
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wikidoc
Nevus
Nevus # Overview Nevus (or naevus, plural nevi or naevi, from nævus, Latin for "birthmark") is the medical term for sharply circumscribed and chronic lesions of the skin or mucosa. These lesions are commonly named birthmarks or beauty marks. Nevi are benign by definition. However, 25% of malignant melanomas (a skin ca...
Nevus Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]:Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [3] # Overview Nevus (or naevus, plural nevi or naevi, from nævus, Latin for "birthmark") is the medical term for sharply circumscribed[1] and chronic lesions of the skin or mucosa. These lesions are commonly nam...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Naevi
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wikidoc
Nattō
Nattō # History The materials and tools needed to produce nattō (soybeans and straw) were commonly available in Japan since ancient times, so the discovery could have happened as early as in the Jōmon period. It may also be possible that the product was discovered independently by numerous people at different times. T...
Nattō Template:Nihongo is a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans, popular especially for breakfast. As a rich source of protein, nattō and the soybean paste miso formed a vital source of nutrition in feudal Japan. For some, nattō can be an acquired taste due to its powerful smell, strong flavor, and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Natt%C5%8D
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wikidoc
Navel
Navel The navel, also called a belly button, or umbilicus, is a scar on the abdomen, caused when the umbilical cord is removed from a newborn baby. All placental mammals have a navel. While it is fairly conspicuous in humans, in most mammals it appears only as a thin hairless line. In humans, the scar can appear as a ...
Navel Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The navel, also called a belly button, or umbilicus, is a scar on the abdomen, caused when the umbilical cord is removed from a newborn baby. All placental mammals have a navel. While it is fairly conspicuous in humans, in most mammals ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Navel
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wikidoc
Nisin
Nisin Nisin is a polycyclic peptide antibacterial with 34 amino acid residues used as a food preservative. It contains the uncommon amino acids lanthionine (Lan), methyllanthionine (MeLan), didehydroalanine (Dha) and didehydroaminobutyric acid (Dhb). These unusual amino acids are introduced by posttranslational modific...
Nisin Nisin is a polycyclic peptide antibacterial with 34 amino acid residues used as a food preservative. It contains the uncommon amino acids lanthionine (Lan), methyllanthionine (MeLan), didehydroalanine (Dha) and didehydroaminobutyric acid (Dhb). These unusual amino acids are introduced by posttranslational modifi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Nisin
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wikidoc
Niter
Niter # Overview Niter (US) or nitre (UK) is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3, also known as saltpeter (US) or saltpetre (UK). Historically, the term "nitre" – cognate with "natrium", an old word for sodium – has been very vaguely defined, and it has been applied to a variety of other minerals and chemical ...
Niter # Overview Niter (US) or nitre (UK) is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3, also known as saltpeter (US) or saltpetre (UK). Historically, the term "nitre" – cognate with "natrium", an old word for sodium – has been very vaguely defined, and it has been applied to a variety of other minerals and chemical ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Niter
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wikidoc
Noise
Noise In common use, the word noise means unwanted sound or noise pollution. In electronics noise can refer to the electronic signal corresponding to acoustic noise (in an audio system) or the electronic signal corresponding to the (visual) noise commonly seen as 'snow' on a degraded television or video image. In sign...
Noise Template:This In common use, the word noise means unwanted sound or noise pollution. In electronics noise can refer to the electronic signal corresponding to acoustic noise (in an audio system) or the electronic signal corresponding to the (visual) noise commonly seen as 'snow' on a degraded television or video...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Noise
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wikidoc
Nurse
Nurse # Overview Nurses are responsible—along with other health care professionals—for the treatment, safety, and recovery of acutely or chronically ill or injured people, health maintenance of the healthy, and treatment of life-threatening emergencies in a wide range of health care settings. Nurses may also be involv...
Nurse # Overview Nurses are responsible—along with other health care professionals—for the treatment, safety, and recovery of acutely or chronically ill or injured people, health maintenance of the healthy, and treatment of life-threatening emergencies in a wide range of health care settings. Nurses may also be involv...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Nurse
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wikidoc
Nylon
Nylon Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Wallace Carothers at DuPont.Nylon is one one of the most common polymers used as a fiber. # Overview Nylon is a thermoplastic silky material, first used commercially in a nylon-bristled toothbrush (1938), fol...
Nylon Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers first produced on February 28, 1935 by Wallace Carothers at DuPont.Nylon is one one of the most common polymers used as a fiber. # Overview Nylon is a thermoplastic silky material, first used commercially in a nylon-bristled toothbrush (1938), fo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Nylon
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wikidoc
Oct-4
Oct-4 Lua error in Module:Redirect at line 65: could not parse redirect on page "Oct-3". Oct-4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4), also known as POU5F1 (POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POU5F1 gene. Oct-4 is a homeodomain transcription factor of the POU f...
Oct-4 Lua error in Module:Redirect at line 65: could not parse redirect on page "Oct-3". Oct-4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4), also known as POU5F1 (POU domain, class 5, transcription factor 1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POU5F1 gene.[1] Oct-4 is a homeodomain transcription factor of the P...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OCT4
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wikidoc
OLIG2
OLIG2 Oligodendrocyte transcription factor (OLIG2) is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor encoded by the Olig2 gene. The protein is of 329 amino acids in length, 32kDa in size and contains 1 basic helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain. It is one of the three members of the bHLH family. The other two memb...
OLIG2 Oligodendrocyte transcription factor (OLIG2) is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor encoded by the Olig2 gene. The protein is of 329 amino acids in length, 32kDa in size and contains 1 basic helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain.[1] It is one of the three members of the bHLH family. The other two ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OLIG2
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wikidoc
OPHN1
OPHN1 Oligophrenin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OPHN1 gene. # Function Oligophrenin 1 has 25 exons and encodes a Rho-GTPase-activating protein. The Rho protein are important mediators of intracellular signal transduction, which affects cell migration and cell morphogenesis. # Clinical significance ...
OPHN1 Oligophrenin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OPHN1 gene.[1][2][3] # Function Oligophrenin 1 has 25 exons and encodes a Rho-GTPase-activating protein. The Rho protein are important mediators of intracellular signal transduction, which affects cell migration and cell morphogenesis. # Clinical sig...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OPHN1
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wikidoc
OR5L1
OR5L1 Olfactory receptor 5L1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR5L1 gene. Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (G...
OR5L1 Olfactory receptor 5L1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR5L1 gene.[1] Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OR5L1
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wikidoc
OR6A2
OR6A2 Olfactory receptor 6A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR6A2 gene. # Function Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled ...
OR6A2 Olfactory receptor 6A2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR6A2 gene.[1] # Function Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coup...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OR6A2
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wikidoc
ORAI1
ORAI1 Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 is a calcium selective ion channel that in humans is encoded by the ORAI1 gene. Orai channels play an important role in the activation of T-lymphocytes. The loss of function mutation of Orai1 causes severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in humans The mammali...
ORAI1 Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 is a calcium selective ion channel that in humans is encoded by the ORAI1 gene.[1][2][3] Orai channels play an important role in the activation of T-lymphocytes. The loss of function mutation of Orai1 causes severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in humans[1]...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ORAI1
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wikidoc
ORCON
ORCON ORCON (Operational Research CONsultancy) was developed by a UK consultancy company in 1974 as a standard for monitoring ambulance service performance. The standard was later adopted internationally by a number of different countries including the Australian ambulance service. ORCON standards are monitored through...
ORCON Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ORCON (Operational Research CONsultancy) was developed by a UK consultancy company in 1974 as a standard for monitoring ambulance service performance. The standard was later adopted internationally by a number of different countries including the Australian ambu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/ORCON
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wikidoc
OSER1
OSER1 Chromosome 20 open reading frame 111, or C20orf111, is the hypothetical protein that in humans is encoded by the C20orf111 gene. C20orf111 is also known as Perit1 (peroxide inducible transcript 1), HSPC207, and dJ1183I21.1. It was originally located using genomic sequencing of chromosome 20. The National Center ...
OSER1 Chromosome 20 open reading frame 111, or C20orf111, is the hypothetical protein that in humans is encoded by the C20orf111 gene.[1] C20orf111 is also known as Perit1 (peroxide inducible transcript 1), HSPC207, and dJ1183I21.1.[2] It was originally located using genomic sequencing of chromosome 20.[3] The Nation...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OSER1
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wikidoc
OVGP1
OVGP1 Oviduct-specific glycoprotein also known as oviductal glycoprotein (OGP) or estrogen-dependent oviduct protein (EGP) or mucin-9 (MUC9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OVGP1 gene. # Function Oviduct-specific glycoprotein is a large, carbohydrate-rich, epithelial glycoprotein with numerous O-glycosyl...
OVGP1 Oviduct-specific glycoprotein also known as oviductal glycoprotein (OGP) or estrogen-dependent oviduct protein (EGP) or mucin-9 (MUC9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OVGP1 gene.[1][2][3] # Function Oviduct-specific glycoprotein is a large, carbohydrate-rich, epithelial glycoprotein with numerous ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OVGP1
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wikidoc
OXA1L
OXA1L Mitochondrial inner membrane protein OXA1L is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXA1L gene located on 14q11.2. The C-terminus of this protein interacts with mitochondrial ribosomes and helps insert both mitochondrial and nuclear produced proteins into the inner membrane of the mitochondria. # Reference...
OXA1L Mitochondrial inner membrane protein OXA1L is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXA1L gene located on 14q11.2.[1] The C-terminus of this protein interacts with mitochondrial ribosomes and helps insert both mitochondrial and nuclear produced proteins into the inner membrane of the mitochondria.[2][3] #...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OXA1L
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wikidoc
OXCT1
OXCT1 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OXCT1 gene. It is also known as succinyl-CoA-3-oxaloacid CoA transferase (SCOT). Mutations in this gene are associated with succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase deficiency. # Function This gene encodes a member of the 3-oxoacid C...
OXCT1 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OXCT1 gene.[1][2] It is also known as succinyl-CoA-3-oxaloacid CoA transferase (SCOT). Mutations in this gene are associated with succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase deficiency.[3] # Function This gene encodes a member of the 3...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OXCT1
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wikidoc
OXGR1
OXGR1 2-Oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1), also known as cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E (CysLTE) and GPR99, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXGR1 (also termed GPR99) gene. The Gene has recently been nominated as a receptor not only for 2-oxogluterate (see alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) but also for the three cy...
OXGR1 2-Oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1), also known as cysteinyl leukotriene receptor E (CysLTE) and GPR99,[1] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OXGR1 (also termed GPR99) gene.[2][3][4] The Gene has recently been nominated as a receptor not only for 2-oxogluterate (see alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) but also for...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OXGR1
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wikidoc
Obagi
Obagi Zein E. Obagi, M.D. Diplomat, American Board of Dermatology Fellow, American Academy of Dermatology Licensed to practice in California and Michigan Career & Education 1981 – Present Private Practice 1980 – 1981 Staff Dermatologist, Naval Hospital Long Beach, CA 1977 – 1980 Resident in Dermatology, the Naval Hosp...
Obagi Zein E. Obagi, M.D. http://www.obagiskin.com http://www.zoskinhealth.com Diplomat, American Board of Dermatology Fellow, American Academy of Dermatology Licensed to practice in California and Michigan Career & Education 1981 – Present Private Practice 1980 – 1981 Staff Dermatologist, Naval Hospital Long Beach, ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Obagi
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wikidoc
Oncom
Oncom Oncom is one of the staple foods of Indonesia. In Indonesia, there are two kinds of oncom: red oncom and black oncom. Oncom is closely related to tempeh; both are foods fermented using molds, traditionally made in Indonesia. Oncom is particularly associated with West Java. Oncom is made from the sediment left beh...
Oncom Oncom is one of the staple foods of Indonesia. In Indonesia, there are two kinds of oncom: red oncom and black oncom. Oncom is closely related to tempeh; both are foods fermented using molds, traditionally made in Indonesia. Oncom is particularly associated with West Java[1]. Oncom is made from the sediment left...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Oncom
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wikidoc
Onion
Onion Onion is a term used by many plants in the genus Allium. They are known by the common name "onion" but, used without qualifiers, it usually refers to Allium cepa. Allium cepa is also known as the 'garden onion' or 'bulb' onion and 'shallot'. Allium cepa is known only in cultivation, but related wild species occur...
Onion Onion is a term used by many plants in the genus Allium. They are known by the common name "onion" but, used without qualifiers, it usually refers to Allium cepa. Allium cepa is also known as the 'garden onion' or 'bulb' onion and 'shallot'. Allium cepa is known only in cultivation,[1] but related wild species o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Onion
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wikidoc
Opium
Opium # Overview Opium is a narcotic formed from the latex released by lacerating (or "scoring") the immature seed pods of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum). It contains up to 16% morphine, an opiate alkaloid, which is most frequently processed chemically to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade. The resin also i...
Opium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [5] # Overview Opium is a narcotic formed from the latex released by lacerating (or "scoring") the immature seed pods of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum). It contains up to 16% morphine, an opiate alkaloid, which is most frequently processed chemically to produce...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Opium
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wikidoc
Thumb
Thumb # Overview The thumb is one of the five fingers. # Anatomy of the thumb ## Bones The thumb consists of 3 bones: - distal phalanx (of the first digit) - proximal phalanx (of the first digit) - first metacarpal ## Muscles Its movements are controlled by eight muscles (each with "pollicis" in the name): The exte...
Thumb Template:Infobox Anatomy # Overview The thumb is one of the five fingers. # Anatomy of the thumb ## Bones The thumb consists of 3 bones: - distal phalanx (of the first digit) - proximal phalanx (of the first digit) - first metacarpal ## Muscles Its movements are controlled by eight muscles (each with "pollic...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Opposable_thumb
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wikidoc
Ounce
Ounce This article is about the unit of mass. For the unit of force, see Pound-force. For the unit of volume, see Fluid ounce. For all other uses, see Ounce (disambiguation). The ounce (abbreviated: oz, the old Italian word onza, now spelled oncia) is a unit of mass in a number of different systems, including various...
Ounce This article is about the unit of mass. For the unit of force, see Pound-force. For the unit of volume, see Fluid ounce. For all other uses, see Ounce (disambiguation). The ounce (abbreviated: oz, the old Italian word onza, now spelled oncia) is a unit of mass in a number of different systems, including variou...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ounce
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wikidoc
Ovary
Ovary # Overview An ovary is an egg-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. It is often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system. Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males. The term gonads refers to the ovaries in females and testes in males. # Major Function ## ...
Ovary Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753 # Overview An ovary is an egg-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. It is often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system. Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in mal...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ovarian
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wikidoc
Redox
Redox Redox (shorthand for reduction/oxidation reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. This can be either a simple redox process such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide, or the reduction of carbon by hydrogen to yield methane (CH4)...
Redox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Redox (shorthand for reduction/oxidation reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. This can be either a simple redox process such as the oxidation of carbon to yield carbon dioxide, or the re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Oxidation
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wikidoc
Oxide
Oxide An oxide is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom as well as at least one other element. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Oxides result when elements are oxidized by oxygen in air. Combustion of hydrocarbons affords the two principal oxides of carbon, carbon monoxide and carbon d...
Oxide An oxide is a chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom as well as at least one other element. Most of the Earth's crust consists of oxides. Oxides result when elements are oxidized by oxygen in air. Combustion of hydrocarbons affords the two principal oxides of carbon, carbon monoxide and carbon ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Oxide
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wikidoc
Oxime
Oxime # Overview An oxime is one in a class of chemical compounds with the general formula R1R2CNOH, where R1 is an organic side chain and R2 is either hydrogen, forming an aldoxime, or another organic group, forming a ketoxime. Oximes can be formed by the action of hydroxylamine on aldehydes or ketones. The term oxim...
Oxime # Overview An oxime is one in a class of chemical compounds with the general formula R1R2CNOH, where R1 is an organic side chain and R2 is either hydrogen, forming an aldoxime, or another organic group, forming a ketoxime. Oximes can be formed by the action of hydroxylamine on aldehydes or ketones. The term oxim...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Oxime
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wikidoc
Ozone
Ozone Ozone (O3) is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic species O2. Ground-level ozone is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals. Ozone in the upper atmosphere filters potentially damaging ul...
Ozone Ozone (O3) is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic species O2. Ground-level ozone is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals. Ozone in the upper atmosphere filters potentially damaging u...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ozone
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wikidoc
P110α
P110α The phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (the HUGO-approved official symbol = PIK3CA; HGNC ID, HGNC:8975), also called p110α protein, is a class I PI 3-kinase catalytic subunit. The human p110α protein is encoded by the PIK3CA gene. Its role was uncovered by molecular pathologic...
P110α The phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (the HUGO-approved official symbol = PIK3CA; HGNC ID, HGNC:8975), also called p110α protein, is a class I PI 3-kinase catalytic subunit. The human p110α protein is encoded by the PIK3CA gene.[1] Its role was uncovered by molecular pathol...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/P110%CE%B1
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wikidoc
P110δ
P110δ Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform also known as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) delta isoform or p110δ is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PIK3CD gene. p110δ regulates immune function. In contrast to the other class IA PI3Ks p110α and p110β, p110δ is princip...
P110δ Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform also known as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) delta isoform or p110δ is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PIK3CD gene.[1][2][3] p110δ regulates immune function. In contrast to the other class IA PI3Ks p110α and p110β, p110δ ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/P110%CE%B4
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wikidoc
P2RX4
P2RX4 P2X purinoceptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the P2RX4 gene. The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene although their full-length natures have not been determined. The receptor is f...
P2RX4 P2X purinoceptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the P2RX4 gene.[1][2] The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene although their full-length natures have not been determined.[2] The rec...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/P2RX4
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wikidoc
P2RX7
P2RX7 P2X purinoceptor 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the P2RX7 gene. The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. Multiple alternatively spliced variants which would encode different isoforms have been identified although some fit nonsense-mediated decay criteria. The receptor ...
P2RX7 P2X purinoceptor 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the P2RX7 gene.[1][2] The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. Multiple alternatively spliced variants which would encode different isoforms have been identified although some fit nonsense-mediated decay criteria.[3] The...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/P2RX7
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wikidoc
P2Y12
P2Y12 In the field of purinergic signaling, the P2Y12 protein is found mainly but not exclusively on the surface of blood platelets, and is an important regulator in blood clotting. P2Y12 belongs to the Gi class of a group of G protein-coupled (GPCR) purinergic receptors and is a chemoreceptor for adenosine diphosphate...
P2Y12 In the field of purinergic signaling, the P2Y12 protein is found mainly but not exclusively on the surface of blood platelets, and is an important regulator in blood clotting.[1] P2Y12 belongs to the Gi class of a group of G protein-coupled (GPCR) purinergic receptors[2] and is a chemoreceptor for adenosine diph...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/P2RY12