question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Zidovudine given for HIV in preganancy because - | [
"Decreases the risk of veical transmission",
"Decrease severity of infection in mother",
"Decrease seveiy of infection in newborn",
"Causes no benefit"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Decreases the risk of veical transmission Treatment during Pregnancy HIV infected mother can transmit the virus to fetus/infant during pregnancy, during delivery or by breast feeding. o Early diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy to mother and infant significantly decrease the rate of intrapaum and per... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Because free ammonia in the blood is toxic to the body, it is transported in which of the following non-toxic forms? | [
"Histidine and urea",
"Phenylalanine and methionine",
"Glutamine and urea",
"Lysine and glutamine"
] | C | Ans. C. Glutamine and ureaBoth urea and glutamine play an important role in the storage and transport of ammonia in the blood. Histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, and lysine are not involved in ammonia transport. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about phobia are all, except: NIMHANS 08; NEET 13 | [
"Generalized anxiety",
"Avoiding paicular situation",
"Fear and anxiety of specific thing",
"Insight is present"
] | A | Ans. Generalized anxiety | train | med_mcqa | null |
Spacing between the maxillary deciduous teeth in a 6-year old child indicates: | [
"Good growth",
"Class III tendency",
"Class II tendency",
"Presence of mesiodens"
] | A | Normal Features of Primary Dentition
1. Spacing in deciduous dentition
a) Physiological spacing
Generalized spacing is very common in deciduous teeth. These spaces are called physiological spaces or developmental spaces.
Physiological generalized spacing is common and is usual and desirable in deciduous dentition to... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Winging of scapula is due to paralysis of (FMGE Dec 2018) | [
"Trapezius",
"Serratus anterior",
"Latissimus dorsi",
"Pectroralis major"
] | B | Origin-Lateral surfaces of upper 8 to 9 ribs and deep fascia overlying the related intercostal spaces Inseion-Costal surface of medial border of scapula Innervation-long thoracic nerve (C5,6,7) Function-protraction and rotation of scapula, keeps medial border and inferior angle of scapula opposed to thoracic wall Wingi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
During treatment of a child aged 5 years, their parents must be | [
"Seated along with child on dental chair",
"Present in operating room",
"Excluded from operating room",
"Not be in clinic at time of treatment"
] | C | Excluding the parent from the operating room can contribute toward development of positive behavior on the part of the child. Over the years, Starkey has been one of the strongest advocates of separation of the child from the parent during treatment and has suggested that the policy of requiring the parent to remain in... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Atropine 1% is given in uveitis to: | [
"Cause mydriasis and prevention of posterior synechiae",
"Cause miosis and prevention of anterior synechiae",
"Cause mydriasis and prevention of anterior synechiae",
"Cause miosis and prevention of posterior synechiae"
] | A | Atropine is antimuscranic(Anticholinergic) and ciliary body is supplied by Parasympthetic System Sho Ciliary Nerve (3 rd ciliary nerve).hence ,Atropine (Cyclpplegic) Relaxes Ciliary Spasm Doc- for immediate pain releif . Dilates the Pupil ,thus prevents the synchae Formation , breaks the synchiae already being formed R... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Organism associated with fish consumption that also cause carcinoma gallbladder | [
"Clonorchis sinensis",
"Gnathostoma",
"Strongyloides cantonensis",
"H. dimunata"
] | A | Ans. a. Clonorchis sinensis | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 30 year old man presents with generalized edema and hypeension. Urine examination shows subnephrotic proteiria (<2gm)and microscopic hematuria. serum complement levels are decreased and he is positive for antihepatitis Cantibodies. The most likely diagnosis is - | [
"Post streptococcal Glomerulonephritis(PSGN)",
"Mixed cryoglobulinemia",
"Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis(MPGN)",
"Focal symentat glomerular glomerular sclerisis(FSGS)"
] | C | Membranous nephropathy Membranous nephropathy is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in Caucasian adults. It is caused by antibodies (usually autoantibodies) directed at antigen(s) expressed on the surface of podocytes, including the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor 1. While most cases are idiopathic, a propoio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug used in multiple sclerosis | [
"Inferferon alpha",
"Interferon beta",
"Interferon gamma",
"Infliximab -"
] | B | *beta interferon have a modest effect on exacerbrations and disease progression in relapsing-remitting MS. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2456 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radio-luscent renal stones are composed of -a) Cysteineb) Calcium phosphatec) Uric acidd) Xanthine | [
"cd",
"bc",
"bd",
"ac"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma causes deafness by -a) Blocking the Eustachian tubeb) Serous otitis mediac) Temporal bone metastasisd) Radiation | [
"ab",
"a",
"ad",
"bc"
] | A | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma can cause obstruction of eustachian tube which results in serous otitis media and conductive deafness. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a patient with concomitant diabetes, anti hypeensive agent of choice is: September 2005 | [
"Calcium channel blocker",
"Beta adrenergic blocker",
"ACE inhibitor",
"Plasma kinins"
] | C | Ans. C: ACE Inhibitor ACE inhibitors are paicularly suitable for diabetic hypeensives in whom they reduce cardiovascular complications more than any other drugs, probably by improving endothelial function. Prolonged ACE inhibitor therapy has been found to prevent or delay end-stage renal disease in type-I as well as ty... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Increased risk factor for carcinoma breast is | [
"BRCA1 mutation",
"Breast feeding",
"Multiparity",
"Smoking"
] | A | Risk factors of breast carcinoma Mutation of tumour suppressor genes BRCA1/BRCA2 is thought to be involved with high-risk of breast carcinoma Diet low with phytoestrogens and high alcohol intake have high-risk of breast cancer. Vitamin C reduces the risk. It is more common in nulliparous woman. Attaining early menarche... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest posterior mediastinal tumour is: | [
"Lung cyst",
"Neurofibroma",
"Dermoid",
"Thyroid"
] | B | Ans: b (Neurofibroma)Ref: Bailey & Love, 24th ed, p. 862, Fig (56.20) & 23rd ed p. 791, Schwartz, 7th ed p. 772 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Emphysema is due to deficiency of | [
"Tumor necrosis factor",
"Prostaglandins",
"Leucotriens",
"Alpha - 1 antitrypsin"
] | D | D. i.e. (Alpha - 1- antitrypsin) (486 - Harsh Mohan 5th) (486- Basic pathology 8th)Emphysema - is characterized by abnormal permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of their walls without obvious fibrosisal - AT develops in adults and causes pulmonary emphysem... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are associated with Primary aldosteronism EXCEPT | [
"Hypokalaemia",
"Postural hypotension",
"Hypernatremia",
"Metabolic alkalosis"
] | B | (B) Postural hypotension # Laboratory findings of Primary Aldosteronism depend on both the duration and the severity of potassium depletion.> An overnight concentration test often reveals impaired ability to concentrate the urine, probably secondary to the hypokalemia> Urine pH is neutral to alkaline because of excessi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
First sign of pubey in girls ? | [
"Puberchy",
"Thelarchy",
"Growth spu",
"Menarche"
] | B | Ans. is b i.e., Thelarchy o In girls, the first visible sign of pubey is the appearance of breast buds (Thelarche), between 8-12 years of age. o In boys the first visible sign of pubey is testicular enlargement, beginning as early as 91/2 yr. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following structures are related to carotid sheath except: | [
"Sympathetic trunk",
"Vagus nerve",
"Internal carotid artery",
"Internal jugular vein"
] | A | Ans: A (Sympathetic trunk) Ref: Grays Anatomy 40th EdExplanation:Carotid sheathIt is the tubular investment of deep cervical facsiaThe anterior wall of the sheath is formed by pre-traeheal fasciaThe posterior wall is formed by pre-vertebral fasciaAnca cervicalis embedded in the anterior wall of carotid sheathContents:1... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which muscle is responsible for sitting to standing position? | [
"Gluteus medius",
"Gluteus maximus",
"Gluteus minimus",
"Tensor fascia lata"
] | B | Ans. B Gluteus maximusRef: Grays Anatomy, 41st ed. pg. 1318The muscles of the gluteal region include:* Three named gluteal muscles and* The deeper short lateral rotators of the hip jointGluteus maximus lies most superficially* Origin: Iliac, sacrum and coccyx* Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial band* Function: I... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for treatment of acute asthmatic attacks is : | [
"Leukotriene antagonists",
"Lipoxygenase inhibitors",
"Beta 2 agonists",
"Anticholinergics"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thalidomide was once used for treating emesis of pregnancy. Later it was withdrawn from market due to side effects, But it was reintro-duced for ceain indications like multiple myeloma. All of the following are side effects of thalidomide except: | [
"Anxiety",
"Optic neuritis",
"Muscle weakness",
"Tingling"
] | B | Thalidomide is used to treat and prevent erythema nodosum leprosum, a painful skin disease associated with leprosy. It is also used together with dexamethasone (eg, Decadron) to treat patients with multiple myeloma (a cancer of the blood). Thalidomide works on the immune system to reduce inflammation. It also interfere... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Biopsy from a mole on the foot shows cytologic atypia of melanocytes and diffuse epidermal infiltration by anaplastic cells, which are also present in the papillary and reticular dermis. The most likely diagnosis is: | [
"Congenital melanocytic nevus",
"Dysplastic nevus",
"Melanoma, Clark level IV",
"Melanoma, Clark level III"
] | C | Depending upon the depth of invasion below the granular cell layer in millimeter, Clark has described 5 levels: Level 1: Malignant melanoma cells confined to the epidermis and it's appendages. Level 2: Extension in to the papillary dermis Level 3: Extension of tumor cells in to the interface between papillary and retic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
On radiography widened duodenal 'C' loop with irregular mucosal pattern on upper gastrointestinal barium series is most likely due to: | [
"Chronic pancreatitis",
"Carcinoma head of pancreas",
"Duodenal ulcer",
"Duodenal ileus"
] | B | Ans. Carcinoma head of pancreas | train | med_mcqa | null |
An athelete presented with red coloured urine after 2 days of history of severe exeion. The most probable cause is? | [
"Hemoglobinuria",
"Hemosiderinuria",
"Hematuria",
"Myoglobinuria"
] | D | Myoglobinuria REF: Harrison's Internal Medicine 17th edition chapter 382, Physiology and pathology of the urine by john dixon p. 49 Red color urine may be due to hemoglobin or myoglobin. In the question clue is given that patient is an athlete who competed in an event which lead to sternous exercise and hence increased... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are seen in hemobilia except - | [
"Shock",
"Colicky pain",
"Melena",
"Jaundice"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Shock | train | med_mcqa | null |
Blood volume in preterm neonate is – | [
"90 ml/kg",
"80 inl/kg",
"70 inUkg",
"60 ml/kg"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
After more than 1 hour of extraoral time, an avulsed tooth is soaked in sodium hypochlorite solution, then it should be soaked in: | [
"10% NaF for 10 min",
"2% NaF for 20 min",
"8% SnF2 for 10 min",
"2% SnF2 for 10 min"
] | B | Closed apex, extraoral dry time greater than 60 minutes, suggesting non-viable cells.
Delayed replantation has a poor long-term prognosis.
The periodontal ligament will be necrotic and cannot be expected to heal. The goal in delayed replantation is, in addition to restoring the tooth for aesthetic, functional, and psy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True statement regarding follicular cell carcinoma of thyroid: (D. REPEAT 2013) | [
"Hematogenous spread",
"Commonly multifocal",
"Readily diagnosed by FNAC",
"Most common carcinoma of thyroid"
] | A | Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th edition. Pages 1120-24 and Schwartz SurgeryExplanation:Multifocal lesions are seen in Papillary thyroid carcinoma.Follicular cancer can be diagnosed ONLY by histopathological examination.FNAC cannot differentiate between follicular adenoma and carcinoma.FOLLICULAR CANCERSec... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are the types of endemic Osteoahritis except : | [
"Kashin-Beck's disease",
"Mseleni joint disease",
"Handigodu joint disease",
"Mueller-Weiss disease"
] | D | Mueller-Weiss disease is not a type of endemic osteoahritis Endemic osteoahritis Kashin-Beck's disease -Endemic to China Mseleni joint disease -Endemic to South Africa Handigodu joint disease -Endemic to Malnad region of Karnataka Mueller-Weiss disease (Brailsforddisease)-spontaneous adult onset osteonecrosis of the na... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about changes in brain metabolism after traumatic brain injury, except: | [
"Shut down of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity",
"Accumulation of lactate in brain",
"Increased lactate uptake from circulation",
"Increased CSF lactate is associated with good prognosis"
] | D | Ans. d. Increased CSF lactate is associated with good prognosisAfter damage to the brain parenchyma, pyruvate dehydrogenase activity decreases (specifically E-1 subunit) and pyruvate carboxylase activity increases leading to accumulation of lactate in the brain and CSF, as well as increased uptake from the circulation.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vaginal delivery is allowed in all except | [
"Monochorionic monoamniotic twins",
"First twin cephalic and second breech",
"Extended breech",
"Mento anterior"
] | A | Ans. Is a i.e. Monochorinoic monoamniotic twins In face presentation the best presentation is mento anterior, especially left mento anterior and delivery is possible. In twins, the chances of vaginal delivery are high if the first twin or presenting twin is cephalic. Extended beech is the commonest breech presentation ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a marker for hyperparathyroidism is - | [
"Increase in serum calcium",
"Increase in 24 hour urinary calcium excretion",
"Increase in serum calcitonin",
"Subperiosteal resorption of phalanges"
] | C | markers include increased serum calcium, 24-hr urinary calcium , creatinine clearance, bone mineral density ( Harrison 17 pg 2383) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common site of ectopic pancreatic tissue is | [
"Stomach",
"Jejunum",
"Appendix",
"Hilum of spleen"
] | A | Ectopic pancreatic tissue, also known as heterotopic pancreatic tissue, refers to the presence of pancreatic tissue in the submucosal, muscularis or subserosal layers of the luminal gastrointestinal tract outside the normal confines of the and lacking any anatomic or vascular connection with the main pancreas. Recogniz... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All veins opens into coronary sinus, EXCEPT? | [
"Great cardiac vein",
"Anterior cardiac vein",
"Middle cardiac vein",
"Left posterior ventricular vein"
] | B | The coronary sinus drains all the venous blood of the hea, except those carried by anterior cardiac veins and venae cordis minimae. Anterior cardiac veins opens into the right atrium, to the left of the opening of inferior vena cava. Venae cordis minimae drain directly into the chambers of the hea. The coronary sinus r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Two variables can be plotted together in ? | [
"Pie cha",
"Histogram",
"Frequency polygon",
"Scatter diagram"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Scatter diagram | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the investigation of choice in a pregnant lady at 18 weeks of pregnancy with pasthistory of delivering a baby with Down's syndrome: | [
"Triple screen test",
"Amniocentesis",
"Chorionic villous biopsy",
"Ultrasonography"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs is used as nail lacquer for fungal infections | [
"Fluconazole",
"Nystatin",
"Itraconazole",
"Terbinafine"
] | D | Terbinafine - Fungicidal - Has high affinity for keratin - DOC for dermatophytoses Fluconazole is the drug of choice for candidiasis, Cryptococcus (not meningitis) and coccidiodomycosis. Nystatin used topically for local candida infection and orally for gastrointestinal infection. Itraconazole drug of choice for blasto... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pancreaticoduodenectomy is not indicated in: | [
"Multiple cyst and calcifications in head of the pancreas",
"Duodenal cancer",
"Failed drainage procedure for chronic pancreatitis",
"Ampullary carcinoma with secondaries in peritoneum"
] | D | Pancreaticoduodenectomy Indications Contraindications Carcinoma head of pancreas & Ampullary carcinoma Cystic tumors of pancreas Chronic pancreatitis Duodenal carcinoma Common bile duct cancer(Cholangiocarcinoma) Mucinous cystadenoma Pancreatic trauma Metastatic disease in abdominal cavity or nearby organ | train | med_mcqa | null |
Phenytoin is associated with: | [
"Folic acid deficiency",
"Alzhiemer's disease",
"Cushing's syndrome",
"Vitamin C deficiency"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Coracoid process is | [
"Pressure epiphysis",
"Traction epiphysis",
"Aberrant epiphysis",
"Atavistic epiphysis"
] | D | Coracoid process is directed forwards and slightly laterally. It is bent finger like. It is atavistic type of epiphysis. B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no : 9 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The presence of increased levels of which of the following in amniotic fluid is an indicator of open neural tube defect in the fetus? | [
"Phosphatidylesterase",
"Acetyl cholinesterase",
"Pseudocholineesterase",
"Butyrylcholineesterase"
] | B | Acetylcholinesterase Presence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the amniotic fluid is seen in cases of fetal open neural tube defects (NTD). It has got a better diagnostic value than AFP. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) a neural enzyme is present in cerebral spinal fluid and fetal blood. AChE is not normally detectable in ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lateral umbilical fold of Peritoneum is produced by? | [
"Median umbilical ligament",
"Medial umbilical ligament",
"Inferior epigastric vessels",
"None of the above"
] | C | Ans.is 'c' i.e., Inferior epigastric vesselsUmbilical folds are reflections of the parietal peritoneum that are raised from the body wall by underlying structures.A median umbilical fold :Covers median umbilical ligament (a remnant of urachus).Two medial umbilical folds :Cover medial umbilical ligaments (remnants of di... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are arteriolar dilators except - | [
"Hydralazine",
"Minoxidil",
"Nitrates",
"Nifedipine"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Nitrates | train | med_mcqa | null |
Management of a 5 cm dermoid cyst which has undergone torsion at 10 weeks of pregnancy is: | [
"Wait and watch",
"Removal in 2nd trimester",
"Immediate removal",
"Serial USG monitoring"
] | C | Ans. is c, i.e. Immediate removalRef: COGDT 11/ed, page 24Thus female is presenting with ovarian cyst at 10 weeks and the cyst has undergone torsion.Whenever a cyst undergoes torsion or any other complication, it should be removed immediately. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fracture mandible with edentulous jaw is best treated with - | [
"External fixator",
"Minerva-plaster",
"Interdental wiring",
"Intermaxillary elastic traction"
] | A | • Condylar neck is the weakest part of the mandible and MC site of fracture
• Mandible may fracture directly at the point of the blow
• Indirectly where the force from the blow is transmitted and the mandible fractures at a point of weakness distant from the original blow, known as ‘guardsman’ fracture.
• ‘Butterfly’ f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common genital lesion in HIV patient is - | [
"Chlamydia",
"Hebrpes",
"Syphilis",
"Candida"
] | B | Herpes associated with HIV REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.469 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pheochromocytoma produces all except? | [
"Nor-epinephrine",
"Secretin",
"Vaso-active intestinal polypeptide",
"Calcitonin"
] | B | Pheochromocytoma secrets Norepinephrine VIP- Secretory diarrhea in pheochromocytoma is due to VIP, VIP opens water channels which result in development of secretory Diarrhea Calcitonin- Pheochromocytoma associated with MEN 2a syndrome MEN 2a - Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid(calcitonin), pheochromocytoma, parathyroi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about indication of celliotomy in blunt trauma | [
"Peritoneal air on imaging",
"Grade I spleen damage",
"Grade II liver damage",
"Patient with positive diagnostic lavage"
] | A | Laprotomy is also called celiotomy. Indication for laprotomy in blunt trauma include signs of peritonitis, evisceration, clinical deterioration during observation & in the presence of hemodynamic instability as DPL or FAST examination consistent with hemoperitoneum. Peritoneal air on imaging is a sign of peritonitis an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following vaccine is given at birth | [
"DPT",
"OPV",
"Measles",
"TAB"
] | B | Ans) b (OPV) Ret Park 20th ed 113Refer National immunization schedule (Kerala 2009 Q155)OPV zero dose is given at birth. Measles vaccination is given at 9 months and DPT 1st dose is given at 6 weeksTAB is a heat killed Typhoid bacillus vaccine which contains 1000 million of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A and B 750 million... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Leukemia associated with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation is: | [
"Acute lymphocytic leukemia",
"Acute promyelocytic leukemia",
"Chronic myeloid leukemia",
"Chronic lymphoid leukemia"
] | B | Major Disorders Associated With Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Obstetric Complications
Abruptio placentae
Retained dead fetus
Septic Abortion
Amniotic fluid embolism
Toxemia
Infections
Sepsis (gram-negative and gram-positive)
Meningococcemia
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Histoplasmosis
Aspergillosis
... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Longest acting loop diuretic is : | [
"Furosemide",
"Torsemide",
"Bumetanide",
"Ethacrynic acid"
] | B | Torsemide is the longest acting loop diuretic. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The function of oligodendrocyte is - | [
"Myelinates the CNS",
"Nutrition of nervous tissue",
"Lining the cavities of the CVS",
"Behave like macrophages"
] | A | The principal function of oligodendrocytes is the production and maintenance of myelin in CNS - Robbins
Myelination in Central nervous system → Oligodendrocytes
Myelination in Peripheral nervous system → Schwann cells | train | med_mcqa | null |
Absence–seizures are seen in – | [
"Ground mal epilepsy",
"Myoclonic epilepsy",
"Petitmal epilepsy",
"Hyperkinetic child"
] | C | Absence seizures are also called petitmal or minor epilepsy.
Generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS) are also called grand mal or major epilepsy.
Complex partial seizures are also called temporal lobe epilepsy or Psychomotor epilepsy.
Simple partial seizures are also called cortical focal epilepsy. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Myelodysplasia in fetus can be best diagnosed by | [
"AFP",
"Lumbar puncture",
"HCG",
"Unconjugated estriol"
] | A | Ans. a (AFP); (Ref. Robbins, Pathologic Basis of Disease, 6th/pg.325)Maternal serum AFP (MSAFP)# It is a oncofoetal protein# Highest level of which in foetal serum and amniotic fluid, it reaches around 13 weeks and decreases thereafter.# It reaches a peak around 32 weeks.# It decreases in Down's syndrome.# Its increase... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paradoxical response of GH release to TRH is seen in- | [
"Prolactinoma",
"Acromegaly",
"Malnutrition",
"Pitutary adenoma"
] | B | excess GHRH production causes chronic stimulation of somatotropes ( Harrison 17 pg 2210 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Father to son inheritance is never seen in case of: | [
"Autosomal dominant inheritance",
"Autosomal recessive inheritance",
"X- linked recessive inheritance",
"Multifactorial inheritance"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e. X linked recessive inheritance X linked recessive inheritance is a sex linked disorders i.e. they are transmitted by sex chromosomes. Remember that all sex linked diseases are linked to X chromosome so it is quite obvious that none of the sex linked disease (whether X-linked recessive or X-linked domin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Examination of the fundus shows Cherry red spot in all of the following conditions, EXCEPT: | [
"Gaucher's disease",
"Tay Sach's disease",
"Niemann Pick Disease",
"Central retinal vein occlusion"
] | D | Cherry red spot is an ophthalmoscopic finding caused by the abnormal accumulation of products like gangliosides in the ganglion layer of the retina. The absence of ganglion cells in the area gives rise to a cherry-red spot surrounded by white cells filled with storage material. As the cells sta to die, optic atrophy be... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statement about P24 antigen of HIV is NOT true? | [
"It can be detected during the window period",
"Free P24 antigen disappears after the appearance of lgM response to it",
"Virus load parallels P24 titre",
"It remains during asymptomatic phase"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Structures passing through the aoic hiatus of diaphragm are: | [
"Aoa",
"Azygos vein",
"Thoracic duct",
"All"
] | D | A. i.e. Aoa; B. i.e. Azygous Vein; C. i.e. Thoracic duct | train | med_mcqa | null |
Punishment for Rape is under which section of IPC - | [
"375",
"376",
"312A",
"304A"
] | B | Ref: Textbook of forensic medicine and toxicology (V.V.Pillay)17th edition page no.389 The punishment for rape is prescribed in sec.376IPC with two subsection. Subsection 1:for rape described in Sec.375IPC imprisonment for at least seven years and liability to fine,unless victim is his own wife and is not less than twe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
60 year old diabetic female presented with burning sensation to spicy food. Intraoral examination revealed multiple periodontal abscess and keratotic area in a lace pattern with occasional erosive areas inside the lace pattern.
Provisional diagnosis for this lady will be | [
"Oral hairy Leukoplakia",
"Oral lichen planus",
"Oral squamous cell carcinoma",
"Oral pemphigus"
] | B | Oral lichen planus is a common mucocutaneous disease, characterised by bilateral white striations, papules, plaques on the buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva. Erosive form may present as erosions or frankly ulcerated lesions, with characteristic radiating striae on the periphery of the individual lesions. Grinspan's syn... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following conditions is a person held responsible for a crime - | [
"Alcoholic paranoia",
"Delirium tremens",
"Voluntary drunknness",
"Dhatura intoxication"
] | C | Voluntary intoxication is no excuse for commission of crime. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Intermediate mesoderm is the precursor of the: | [
"Heart",
"Body wall",
"Urogenital system",
"Somites"
] | C | Intermediate Mesoderm
The intermediate mesoderm forms most of the genitourinary system, e.g., kidneys, testes, ovaries, etc.
The intermediate mesoderm is a longitudinal strip of intraembryonic mesoderm lying on either side of notochord between paraxial mesoderm and lateral plate mesoderm. After folding of embryo the in... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Base of hea is at the level of which veebrae | [
"C4-C7",
"C7-T2",
"T5-T8",
"T9-T12"
] | C | Base of the hea is at the level of T5_T8 veebrae B D CHAURASIA&;S HUMAN ANATOMY UPPER LIMB THORAX-VOLUME-1,SIXTH EDITION,Page no-257 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The concept of One Stage Full Mouth Disinfection has been put forth to prevent | [
"Adhesion of microorganisms",
"Proliferation of microorganisms",
"Translocation of microorganisms",
"Bacterial invasion"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Attributable risk is defined as - | [
"Incidence of disease among exposed minus incidence of disease among non-exposed",
"Incidence of disease among non-exposed minus incidence of disease among exposed",
"Incidence of disease among non-exposed divided by incidence among exposed",
"Incidence of disease among exposed divided by incidence among non-... | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Incidence of disease among exposed minus incidence of disease among non-exposed * Attributable risk is the difference in incidence rates of disease (or death) between an exposed group and non- exposed group.AR =Incidence of disease in exposed - Incidence of disease in unexposed------------------------... | train | med_mcqa | null |
False negative hydrostatic test in live born: AI 08 | [
"Atelectasis",
"Meconium aspiration",
"Emphysema",
"Congenital hea disease"
] | A | Ans. Atelectasis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following babies has the least risk of developing hypoglycaemia? | [
"A baby born to mother treated with beta blockers",
"Infant of diabetic mothers",
"Appropriate for gestational age babies",
"IUGR babies"
] | C | Ans. c. Appropriate for gestational age babies (Ref: Indian J Pediatr (2010) 77; 1137-1142)Appropriate for gestational babies have the least risk of developing hypoglycemia.Hypoglycemia in NewbornsHypoglycemia: Blood sugar level < 40 mg/dLIncidence: 1-3/1000 live birthsIncidence is increased several fold in certain hig... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Number of cells in a morula is: | [
"8",
"16",
"32",
"None of the above"
] | B | Once the zygote has reached the two-cell stage, it undergoes a series of mitotic divisions, increasing the numbers of cells. These cells, which become smaller with each cleavage division, are known as blastomere. After the third cleavage, however, blastomeres maximize their contact with each other, forming a compact ba... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Occupational Radiation Dose units - (yearly limits) as given by ICRP are | [
"5 mSv per year and 10 mSV in 5 yr period (cumulative)",
"50 mSv per year and 100 mSv in 5 yr period (cumulative)",
"500 mSv per year and 2500 mSv in 5 yr (cumulative)",
"5000 mSv per year and 5 Sv in 5 yr (cumulative)"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
While inseing a central venous catheter, a patient develops respiratory distress. Which of the following is the most likely cause? | [
"Hemothorax",
"Hypovolemia",
"Pneumothorax",
"Pleural effusion"
] | C | Since this patient in the question has developed respiratory distress while inseing a central venous catheter, the most likely cause is pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is the most frequently repoed acute complication of subclan vein catheterization. Complications of subclan vein catheterization can be acute or chronic. Acut... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statement is false in cytochemistry of AML | [
"Myeloperoxidase and sudan Black are positive",
"Periodic Acid-Sctiff is negative in erythroleukemia",
"Non specific Esterase is positive in M4 and M5",
"All the above"
] | B | Enythroid type of acute mycloid leukemia show PAS positive crythroblast. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fuelgen reaction is a cytochemical test for- | [
"M.RNA",
"T. RNA",
"DNA",
"All of the above"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., DNA | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following antihypeensive drug does not alter lipid profile and serum glucose | [
"Propanolol",
"Prazosin",
"Thiazide diuretics",
"None of the above"
] | B | Refer kDT 6/e p545-546 Prazosin is a medication primarily used to treat high blood pressure, symptoms of an enlarged prostate, and posttraumatic stress disorder. It is a less preferred treatment of high blood pressure. Other uses may include hea failure and Raynaud syndrome | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enteric fever is caused by - | [
"S typhi",
"Sparatyphi A",
"S paratyphi C",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., AH of the above Enteric fevero The term enteric fever includes typhoid fever caused by S.typhi and paratyphoid fever caused by S. paratyphi A, B and C.o The ability to resist intracellular killing and to multiply with in these cells is a measure of virulence of salmonella.o The incubation period for S... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bad trip is seen with which of the following drugs? | [
"Cannabis",
"LSD",
"None",
"Both"
] | B | LSD is a type of hallicinogen LSD means lysergic acid diethylamide LSD was introduced and first used by ALBE HOFFMANNBad trip is seen with LSD and cannabis but common with LSD Ref: Essentials of postgraduate psychiatry By JN Vyas 1st ed Pg 330-336 | train | med_mcqa | null |
38 weeks primi in early labour with transverse presentation, TOC is: | [
"Allow for cervical dilatation",
"Internal podalic version",
"LSCS",
"Forceps"
] | C | Elective cesarean section is preferred method of delivery, because of risk of early rupture of membranes and cord prolapse. Ref:Datta Obs 9e pg 372. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Two litres of normal saline in 4 hours will stimulate secretion of- | [
"Atrial natriuretic peptide",
"IL-2",
"TNF - alpha",
"Prostaglandins"
] | A | hyperosmolality occurs and blood volume increase causing atrial distention stimulating atrial natriuretic peptide ( Harrison 17 pg 1760) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Moth eaten bone is ? | [
"Osteoid osteoma",
"Multiple myeloma",
"Eosinophilic granuloma",
"Chondromyxoid fibroma"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Multiple myeloma Patterns of bone destruction present in a lytic lesion ? Geographic : Sharp clearly defined margins. Less aggressive, benign. Eg: non ossifying fibroma, chondromyxoid fibroma, eosinophilic granuloma. Moth eaten appearance : Holes in destroyed bone. Rapid growth, malignant Eg: Myeloma,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Christmas tree appearance of urinary bladder is seen in - | [
"Neurogenic bladder",
"Stress incontinence",
"Autonomous bladder",
"Enuresis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Neurogenic bladder o Christmas tree appearance of the bladder is seen in neurogenic bladder caused by detrusor hyperreflexia.o Detrusor hyperreflexia is caused by lesions of the spinal cord above the sacral segments but below the pons. Such patients have noperception of bladder filling or emptying and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Mad cow" disease is caused by? | [
"HIV virus",
"Mycoplasma",
"Chlamydia",
"Prions"
] | D | Ans. D. Prions. (Ref. Robbin's pathology 8th/pg. 880)Prion Diseases# This includes sporadic, familial, iatrogenic and variant forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).# Several animal diseases from this group are also known, including scrapie in sheep and goats and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle ("mad cow" ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
At the time of starvation body utilizes | [
"Ketone bodies",
"Fatty acids",
"Glucose",
"Amino acids"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of these is TRUE regarding Libman sach's lesion - | [
"Causes perforation of valves",
"Involves mulitple valves",
"Consists of large vegetation",
"Vegetations on the surface of valve spreads to mural endocardium"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Type I hypersensitivity, the mediator is: | [
"IgE",
"IgE",
"IgM",
"IgC"
] | A | [A) (IgE) (161-AN 7th) (202-206-CP)Type of reactionClinical syndromeMediatorsType I - IgE1. Anaphylaxis2. Atopy P.K. reactionIgE, histamine and other pharmacological agents | train | med_mcqa | null |
On exposure to cold, a neonate shows all of the following mechanisms except | [
"Shivering",
"Crying and flexion of body like fetus position",
"Cutaneous vasoconstriction",
"Increased production of noradrenaline for breakdown of brown fat in adipose tissue"
] | A | Ans. a. Shivering On exposure to cold and wet environment, the neonate tries to generate heat by increased activity (crying with agitated movement) and a sympathetic surge that causes vasoconstriction and non-shivering thermogenesis in the brown fat. Babies attempt to conserve heat by peripheral vasoconstriction." "Bro... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following affect enzyme activity except: | [
"Methylation",
"Acetylation",
"Induction",
"Phosphorylation"
] | C | Ans. C. InductionInduction is method of regulation of enzyme quantity.Regulation of enzymesCan be classified as:Regulation of enzyme quality (intrinsic catalytic efficiency)Allosteric regulationCovalent modificationCovalent modificationPhosphorylation/dephosphorylation (most common covalent modification)MethylationAden... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the MOST useful index for the measure of the burden of disease in a defined population? | [
"Park's index",
"Disability adjusted life years",
"Morbidity propoion",
"Case fatality rate"
] | B | Disability adjusted life years (DALY) is a measure of the burden of disease in a defined population and the effectiveness of the intervention. Case fatality rate indicates killing power of a disease. REMEMBER: Sullivan's index is the most advanced indicator available for disability Ref: Park's textbook of Preventive an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
On exeion urine stream increases in - | [
"Prostate enlargement",
"Marion's disease",
"Post. urethral valves",
"Urethral stricture"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Urethral stricture | train | med_mcqa | null |
Punishment for issuing false ceificate - | [
"4 years",
"5 years",
"6 years",
"7 years"
] | D | Sec 197 IPC: Issuing or signing the false ceificate Imprisonment up to 7 years. Ref: Dr. K.S. Narayan Reddy's Synopsis Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 29th edition, Chap 3, Page-31. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following medicaments is indicated to obturate the canals of a primary tooth in which a pulpectomy was performed? | [
"Gutta-percha",
"Calcium hydroxide",
"Zinc oxide-eugenol",
"Calcium hydroxide-CMCP paste"
] | C | Zinc Oxide Eugenol
Most commonly used.
Bonastre (1837) discovered zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and it was subsequently used in dentistry by Chisholm (1876).
Zinc oxide eugenol paste, the first root canal filling material to be recommended for primary teeth, as described by Sweet in 1930.
Zinc oxide eugenol is said to h... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The fetus can be considered viable if the following ossification center appears - | [
"Calcaneum",
"Manubrium sterni",
"Lower end of femur",
"None of the above"
] | C | Ossification center for lower end femur appears at the end of 9th month of intrauterine life.
For calcaneum and manubrium sterni it appears by the end of 5th month. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true about etomidate - | [
"It is an intravenous anaesthetics",
"It precipitates coronary insufficiency",
"It inhibits coisol synthesis",
"It causes pain at injection site"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., It precipitates coronary insufficiency o It produces little cardiovascular and respiratory depression -4 Agent of choice for cardiovascular surgeries (bypass, aneurysms, valve surgery). Coronary perfusion pressure is maintained when it is used with fentanyl. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following parameters increase in post-menopausal women except | [
"Plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1",
"Factor VII",
"Fibrinogen",
"Antithrombin"
] | D | Menopausal transition increases clotting parameters fibrinogen, factor VII, plasminogen activator inhibitor - 1, that lead to relatively hypercoagulable state. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Odd pair - | [
"Erythema marginatum-rheumatic fever",
"Erythema gyrens ripens-malignancy",
"Necrotic acral erythema-HCV",
"Erythema chrcnieum migrans ->> malignancy"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Erythema chronicum migrans - malignancyo "Erythema gvratum repens" is a rare and characteristic rash strongly associated with malignancy .It consists of wavy erythematous concentric bands that can be figurate, gyrate or annular.These bands are arranged in parallel rings and lined by a fine trailing ed... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following cements is most irritant to pulpal tissues? | [
"Zinc phosphate",
"Silicate",
"Glass ionomer",
"Polycarboxylate"
] | B | Because of its high acidity, silicates were classifed as severe irritant. High acidity can irritate and sometimes lead to irreversible pulpal damage.
Ref: Mannapalli ed 3 pg 48 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following plaque is most harmful and causes spread of Inflammation to the connective tissue leading to bone destruction: | [
"Subgingival epithelial attached",
"Subgingival unattached",
"Subgingival plaque",
"Supragingival plaque"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug X is normally administered to patients at a rate of 50 mg/hour. Elimination of the drug X from body takes place as: - Hepatic Metabolism 10% - Biliary Secretion 10% - Renal Excretion 80% This drug has to be administered to a 65 years old patient Uttaam Singh, with a GFR of 60 ml/min. (assuming normal GFR is 120ml/... | [
"50 mg/hour",
"30 mg/hr",
"25 mg/hr",
"100 mg/hr."
] | B | * In this question 80 percent of drug is eliminated by renal route and 20 percent by non-renal routes (10 percent by hepatic metabolism and 10 percent by biliary secretion). * This patient has 50 percent renal function (60 ml/min of GFR instead of 120 ml/min). Thus, the drug that can be eliminated in this person is 20 ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drug is commonly used in narcoanalysis ? | [
"Atropine sulfate",
"Scopolamine hydrochloride",
"Phenobarbitone",
"Morphine"
] | B | Controlled administration of intravenous hypnotics to obtain information from subjects who are unable or unwilling to provide it otherwise, is known as Narcoanalysis or Narcosynthesis.
Drugs used for narcoanalysis are:
Ethanol
Scopolamine
Temazepam
Barbiturates like Thiopentone and Amobarbital
These drugs are also kn... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In the management of thyroglossal cyst - | [
"Central portion of hyoid excised",
"Sternothyroid muscle dissected",
"Isthmusectomy with subtotal thyroidectomy",
"Strap muscle of neck are dissected"
] | A | Thyroglossal cyst is managed by Sistrunk operation in which the cyst is completely excised along with the thyroglossal tract. Since the thyroglossal tract is intimately related to the hyoid bone, the central portion of the hyoid bone is also removed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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