question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Moderately increases risk for invasive breast carcinoma is associated with which of the following? | [
"Sclerosing adenoma",
"Apocrine metaplasia",
"Duct Ectasia",
"Atypical ductal hyperplasia"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Atypical ductal hyperplasia | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following are true about fibronectin nephropathy,except: | [
"Autosomal recessive inheritance",
"Gomerular enlargement and PAS+ trichrome messangial deposit",
"Glomerulus do not consistently stain for Ig and complement",
"Ultrastructural feature is presence of large electron essangial or subendothelial deposit"
] | A | . Autosomal recessive inheritance | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which element of the following on disintegration leads to daughter element in gaseous form | [
"Radium",
"Iridium",
"Radon",
"Uranium"
] | A | Radium REF: Encyclopedia of environmental science - page 299 As radium decays or disintegrates, it forms Radon gas (eah's only naturally produced radioactive gas), which can enter homes, buildings, and wells and if not ventilated may cause Radiation sickness. | train | med_mcqa | null |
SI unit of the brightness of a point light source is | [
"Candela",
"Lumen",
"Lux",
"Lambe"
] | A | DescriptionQuantity measured nameRecommended unitBrightness of point sourceLuminous intensityCandelaFlow of lightLuminous fluxLumenAmount of light reaching surfaceIllumination IlluminanceLuxAmount of light re-emitted by surfaceBrightness luminanceLambe | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disease, does not recur in the kidney after renal transplant is : | [
"Alpo syndrome",
"Amyloidosis",
"Good Pasteur's syndrome",
"Diabetic nephropathy"
] | A | Answer is A (Alpo's syndrome): Alpo is syndrome has not been mentioned to recur in kidney after a renal tansplant. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of following antibody is pentameric - | [
"IgM",
"IgG",
"IgA",
"IgD"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., IgM * Ig M is a pentameric immunoglobulin with five, four - peptide subunits.* The subunits are joined together by J chain.Remember* J chain is found in IgA and IgM.Also know* I think the following information requires some specific mention here-# There may be confusion about the status of momomer and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis occur as a complication of which of the following infection? | [
"Pneumonia",
"Measles",
"Diphtheria",
"Peussis"
] | B | SSPE is a rare chronic, progressive demyelinating disease of the CNS associated with infection of the brain tissue with measles virus. These patients usually get measles infection by the age of two followed by a latent period of 6-8 years after which they develop neurologic symptoms. Most of the manifestations occur be... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following drugs are protease inhibitors EXCEPT: | [
"Nelfinavir",
"Saquinavir",
"Abacavir",
"Ritonavir"
] | C | ANTIVIRAL DRUGS: CLASSI FICATION 1.Anti-Herpes virus Idoxuridine, Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir, Ganciclovir*, Foscarnet* 2 Anti-Retrovirus (a) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Nis): Zidovudine (AZT), Didanosine, Zalcitabine*, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Abacavir (b) Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase in... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Carvallo's sign representing a Diastolic Murmur that increases on inspiration is seen in - | [
"Tricuspid Stenosis",
"Tricuspid Regurgitation",
"Mitral Stenosis",
"Aoic Regurgitation"
] | A | Answer- A. Tricuspid StenosisCarvallo's meneuever is also associated with tricuspid stenosis.In tricuspid stenosis diastolic murmur is accentuated during inspiration whereas in T.R. pan systolic murmur is accentuated during inspiration. | train | med_mcqa | null |
More false positive cases in a community signifies that the disease has: September 2004 | [
"High prevalence",
"High sensitivity",
"Low prevalence",
"Low sensitivity"
] | C | Ans. C i.e. Low prevalence | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are X-ray findings of retinoblastoma except : | [
"Widening of optic canal",
"Intra cerebral calcification",
"Intraocular calcification",
"Secondaries in cranial bones"
] | B | B i.e. Intracerebral calcification Retinoblastoma is the malignant congenital intraocular tumor arising from primitive photoreceptor cells of retina (included in primitive neuroectodermal tumor). Histologically, it shows Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettesQ (50%) Home-Wright rosettesQ &fleurettesQ. Clinically presents with ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Outer border of pubic crest forms which structure? | [
"Pubic tubercle",
"Pectin pubis",
"Anterior superior iliac spine",
"Linea terminalis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pubic tuberclePubic crest ends laterally in pubic tubercle | train | med_mcqa | null |
Iron dextran is given in A/E - | [
"Macrocytic anemia",
"Severe blood loss",
"Iron deficiency anemia",
"Hookworm anemia"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The bacterial growth medium shown below belongs to | [
"Enriched medium",
"Enrichment medium",
"Selective medium",
"Indicator medium"
] | B | Image shows chocolate agar an enrichment mediumSimple medium: nutrient agar and Mueller-Hinton agarEnriched medium: Blood agar, chocolate agar, egg, and serum-based medium Enrichment medium: Selenite F and alkaline peptone waterDifferential medium: MacConkey agar and blood agarSelective medium: Lowenstein-Jensen medium... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are true about liver transplantation except: | [
"MC indication of LT is alcoholic liver disease",
"Two recipients are benefitted in split liver transplantation",
"Choledocho-choledochostomy is preferred over choledochojejunostomy",
"Sequence of anastomosis: 1. Supra hepatic IVC 2. Infra hepatic IVC 3. Poal vein 4. Hepatic aery 5. Bile duct"
] | A | Split Liver transplantation: Brain dead cadaver - transplant Right lobe for Adult and Left Lobe for child. i.e Two recipients are benefited. Sequence of anastomosis in liver transplant; Donor's Bile duct anastomosed with recipients bile duct: Choledococholedostomy (preferred) If recipient's bile duct is diseased or can... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is the prognostic scoring system for head injury in children? | [
"CCS",
"AUDIT",
"Injury severity score",
"Pediatric Trauma Score"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CCS * Scoring scales such as the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), Pediatric Trauma Score and Revised Trauma Score are used to predict mortality as well as morbidity in patients sustaining trauma in general.* They use physiological parameters to predict patient outcome.* CCS... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following pontic appears as it is arising from the ridge like a natural tooth and it is said to have evolved from root extended or root tipped pontics: | [
"Spheroidal pontic.",
"Bullet shaped pontic.",
"Ovate pontic.",
"Ridge lap pontic."
] | C | Ovate pontics
These pontics are used in cases, where the residual ridge is defective or incompletely healed.They can also used in broad and flat ridges. The pontic is designed such that its cervical end extends into the defect of the edentulous ridge. The pontics should be reduced as healing progresses, as it appears ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anaesthetic agent with vasoconstrictor is contraindicated in ? | [
"Digital block",
"Spinal block",
"Epidural block",
"Regional anaesthesia"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lab finding in a patient of GBS: | [
"Acellular spinal fluid with high protein",
"Abnormal EMG that shows axonal degeneration",
"Positive tension test",
"Elevated CPK"
] | A | Ans. A. Acellular spinal fluid with high proteinGuillain-Barre syndrome is characterized by an elevated CSF protein with few if any white blood cells. EMG would show a demyelinating process with nonuniform slowing and conduction block. Arterial blood gases would show a respiratory acidosis secondary to hypoventilation.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An emergency room physician examines a patient who has fallen from a motorcycle and injured his shoulder. The clinician notices a loss of the normal contour of the shoulder and a abnormal-appearing depression below the acromion. Which of the following injuries did the patient most likely sustain? | [
"Avulsion of the coronoid process",
"Dislocated shoulder joint",
"Fracture of the midshaft of the humerus",
"Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus"
] | B | The abnormal depression described is a characteristic tip-off for a dislocated shoulder joint. This is impoant to remember, as it may help you make a rapid diagnosis.Avulsion of the coronoid process of the ulna (at the elbow) can occur following a severe contracture of brachialis.Fracture of the midshaft of the humerus... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Saphenous vein cannulation is- | [
"Ant to medial malleolus",
"At fossaovalis",
"Above popliteal fossa",
"None"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ant. to medial malleolus o Saphenous venous cut down at ankle provide excellent access. It is reliably found 1 cm. anterior and 1 cm. superior to the medial malleolus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Punishment for gang rape is under | [
"376A IPC",
"376B IPC",
"376C IPC",
"376D IPC"
] | D | 376D IPC: punishment for gang rape: each of the persons in the gang shall be deemed to commit the offence of rape d shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for 20 years which may extend to life which means the imprisonment for the remainder of that persons natural life and with fine to meet medical expenses and fo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What propey of the postsynaptic neuron would optimize the effectiveness of two closely spaced axodendritic synapses? | [
"A high membrane resistance",
"A high dendritic cytoplasmic resistance",
"A small cross-sectional area",
"A small space constant"
] | A | Space constant increases with increasing membrane resistance or decreasing cytoplasmic resistance.Cytoplasmic resistance decreases as the cross-sectional area increases.Ref: Guyton; 13th edition; Chapter 46 Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters | train | med_mcqa | null |
Delusion is a disorder of: September 2007 | [
"Thinking",
"Memory",
"Perception",
"Learning"
] | A | Ans. A: Thinking Delusion is an incorrect belief which is out of keeping with the person's cultural context, intelligence and social background and which is held with unshakeable conviction' Primary delusiona are commonly associated with schizophrenia. Some of the more common delusion themes are: Delusion of control: T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
You are conducting an autopsy of a body. Which of the following is the first internal sign of putrefaction that you are likely to observe? | [
"Greenish discolouration of the right iliac fossa",
"Marbling",
"Discolouration of the under surface of liver",
"Liquefaction of brain"
] | C | Greenish discolouration of the right iliac fossa is the first external sign of putrefaction. It appears in about 12 - 24 hours. Marbling is most prominent after 31 - 48 hours, it is visible externally. The greenish discoloration of the under surface of the liver is the first internal sign of the putrefaction. Ref: Text... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Phase II block is seen in – | [
"Sexamethonium (Sch)",
"d–TC",
"Ether",
"N2O"
] | A | Succinylcholine produces Dual block i.e. phase I and phase II. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most radiosensitive cells among the following is: | [
"Cells of hemopoietic series",
"Cells of erythroblastic series",
"Fibroblast",
"Erythrocytes"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs are believed to be effective in the treatment of post operative shivering? | [
"Ondansetron",
"Diclofenac sodium",
"Pethidine",
"Paracetamol"
] | C | Ans. (C) Pethidine(Ref: Anesthesiology by Longnecker/1485; KDT 8th/e p503)Pethidine is most effective drug for treatment of post-operative shivering. Other drugs that can be used for this purpose are clonidine, doxapram, ketanserin and alfentanil. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about schizophrenia | [
"Thought broadcasting",
"Third person hallucination",
"Makes violence",
"All"
] | D | A i.e. Thought broadcasting; B i.e. Third person hallucination; C i.e. Makes violence | train | med_mcqa | null |
DOC in esophageal candidiasis in HIV- | [
"Fluconazole",
"Miconazole",
"Amphotericin-B",
"Griseofulvin"
] | A | Drug of choice for esophageal candidiasis is - Fluconazole oral or itraconazole solution. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amaurosis fugax refers to occlusion of: | [
"Middle cerebral aery",
"Branch retinal vein",
"Branch retinal aery",
"Choridal aery"
] | C | Branch retinal aery | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vossius ring occurs in - | [
"Lens dislocation",
"Concussion injury",
"Penetrating injury",
"Extra capsular extraction"
] | B | Blunt trauma (concussion) to eye can cause vossius ring. | train | med_mcqa | null |
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is seen in- | [
"Panic Attacks",
"Depression",
"Anxiety",
"Stressful Situations"
] | D | General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is a model of body's response to stress and consists of three stages; alarm, resistance and exhaustion. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vaccine for yellow fever - | [
"Vi polysaccharide",
"RA 27\\/3",
"17 D",
"OKA stain"
] | C | <p> yellow fever vaccine:- 17 D vaccine Live attenuated prepared from a non virulent strain (17D strain). Administered subcutaneously at the inseion of deltoid . Single dose 0.5 ml irrespective of age. Revaccination after 10 years. Storage: +5 to -30 deg celcius. Yellow fever vaccine production centre in India- central... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following treatment is done for Juvenile Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: | [
"Bevacizumab",
"Aerosol Cidofovir",
"Interferon Beta",
"Steroids"
] | A | Juvenile onset Respiratory Papilloma: - Most common benign neoplasm of the larynx in children. - Causative organism: HPV 6 and 11. - HPV 6 is more common, HPV 11 is more aggressive - Mostly affect supraglottic and glottic regions of larynx. - Rx Preferred Method: Excision with Microdebrider under Microscopic view. Aim ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is related with 3rd part of duodenum? | [
"Portal vein",
"Head of pancreas",
"Hepatic artery",
"Superior mesentric vein"
] | D | 3rd part of duodenum is crossed by superior mesentric vessels. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Corrugated collagenous rings surrounding lymphocytes and plasma cells in the walls of inflammatory cysts are called | [
"Ruston bodies",
"Hyaline bodies",
"Howell-Jolly bodies",
"Papenheimer bodies"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bleomycin toxicity is characterized by destruction of: | [
"Endothelial cells",
"Type I pneumocytes",
"Type II pneumocytes",
"Alveolar macrophages"
] | B | Ans. b. Type I pneumocytes Bleomycin toxicity is characterized by destruction of Type I pneumocytes.Histopathotogy of Lung in Bleomycin Toxicity* Endothelial cell edema and blebbing* Necrosis of type 1 pneumocytes* Proliferation of fibroblast and fibrosis* Hyperplasia and metaplasia of type II pneumocytes* Inflammatory... | train | med_mcqa | null |
For "Postcoital douche method" of contraception, select the most appropriate rate of use effectiveness (failure rate or percentage of pregnancies per year of actual patient use). (SELECT 1 RATE) | [
"80%",
"40%",
"15 to 25%",
"5 to 15%"
] | A | There are two methods of describing the effectiveness of contraceptive agents: the theoretical or method effectiveness rate and the actual use effectiveness rate. When comparing different methods, it is important to use comparable figures. The effectiveness of the rhythm method is influenced by the woman's ability to p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The objective of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) is all except: | [
"Implementation of JSY",
"Requirement of ASHA",
"Formulation of state and district health programme",
"Formulation of family planning and welfare societies"
] | D | Formulation of family planning and welfare societies | train | med_mcqa | null |
An Immunoglobulin molecule represents the following level of organized protein structure | [
"Primary structure",
"Secondary structure",
"Tertiary structure",
"Quartenary structure"
] | D | A complete immunoglobulin molecule represents Ouanternary level of organization between four polypeptide chains (two light chains and two heavy chains). It has a heterotetrameric quaternary structure. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The type 2 error is the acceptance of a null hypothesis as true when it is: | [
"TRUE",
"Non existent",
"Negative valued",
"FALSE"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Histopathological examination reveals the diagnosis as: | [
"Ewing sarcoma",
"Kaposi Sarcoma",
"Hodgkin lymphoma",
"Burkitt lymphoma"
] | C | Characteristic malignant cells of Hodgkin’s diseases are large cells known as Reed–Sternberg (RS) cells (typical and variant), 20–50 micrometers in diameter, abundant, amphophilic, finely granular/homogeneous cytoplasm; two mirror-image nuclei (owl eyes) each with an eosinophilic nucleolus and a t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patients with axonal neuropathy, unexplained abdominal pain along with history of psychiatric illness may be suffering from: | [
"Porphyria",
"PNH",
"Arsenic toxicity",
"Hypothyroidism"
] | A | In patients with an axonal GBS, unexplained abdominal pain, psychiatric illness should be screened for porphyria. MUST KNOW: In GBS in CSF study if cells are present should suspect HIV infection, Lyme disease, sarcoidosis, or lymphomatous or leukemic infiltration of nerve roots. PNH patients may present with abdominal ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
BMR depends on | [
"Body weight",
"Surface area",
"Amount of adipose tissue",
"Amount of lean body mass"
] | D | BMR is defined as the minimal amount of energy required to sustain the body&;s vital functions in the waking state.The most commonly used formula for calculating BMR is that of Harris and Benedict:BMR, Male= 66 + (13.7 x Wt) + (5 x Ht) - (6.8 x age)BMR, Female: 655 + (9.6 x Wt) + (1.8 x Ht) - (4.7 x age)Ref: Ganong&;s ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common tumor of pancreas is - | [
"Insulinoma",
"Gastrinoma",
"APUD's omas",
"VLPoma"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about carbohydrate absorption? | [
"Glucose absorption occurs independent of sodium",
"Fructose absorption occurs dependent on Na",
"Fructose absorption occurs SGLT 1",
"Fructose absorption is not by secondary active transpo"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fructose absorption is not by secondary active transpoGlucose absorption Fructose absorption along the apical side is by GLUT 5 transpoer.GLUT 5 transpoer is an example of facilitated passive diffusionFructose absorption along the basolateral side is by GLUT 5 transpoer or through GLUT 2 transpoerThus... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Injury to the male urethra below the perineal membrane causes urine to accumulate in which pa of perineum: | [
"Superficial perineal pouch",
"Deep perineal pouch",
"Space of retzius",
"Pouch of douglas"
] | A | Injury to the male urethra below the perineal membrane causes urine accumulation in the superficial perineal pouch. Injury to male urethra above the perineal membrane results in urine accumulation in pelvic extra-peritoneal tissues.Ref: Human Anatomy, B D Chaurasia, 4th Edition, Volume 2, Chapter 28, Page 332; Clinical... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Consider the following features with reference to Zollinger Ellison syndrome: Intractable peptic ulceration Secretory diarrhea Most common site is pancreas Which of these features are present in Zollinger -Ellison syndrome | [
"1 and 3",
"2 and 3",
"1 and 2",
"1, 2 and 3"
] | C | Site - Duodenum> pancreas > intraabdominal sites (mesentery, lymph nodes, biliary tract, liver, stomach, Ovary) The diagnosis of ZES requires the demonstration of inappropriate fasting hypergastrinemia, usually by demonstrating hypergastrinemia occurring with an increased basal gastric acid output (BAO) (hyperchlorhydr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following are related to the treatment of thalassaemia except: | [
"Fresh (relatively) blood transfusion",
"Folic acid",
"Routine iron therapy",
"Deferoxamine improves pregnancy outcome"
] | C | As discussed in detail in preceeding text– on thalassemia, routine iron therapy should not be given in patients of thalassemia as it leads to hemochromatosis. Only if there is documented iron deficiency then given iron. Rest all options are correct | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common malignancy in AIDS: | [
"Kaposi sarcoma",
"B cell lymphoma",
"Leukemia of myeloid origin",
"Burkitt's lymphoma"
] | A | AIDS-defining malignancies: Kaposi sarcoma (m/c) B- cell Lymphoma Cervical cancer in women / Anal cancer in women | train | med_mcqa | null |
Satiety center is located at | [
"Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus",
"Dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus",
"Peritrigonal area",
"Lateral nuclei"
] | A | Ans. (a) Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.308)Feeding center - lateral nucleus of hypothalamusSatiety center - ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus | train | med_mcqa | null |
If a crack occurs in epoxy composite, some microcapsules rupture near the crack and releases dicyclopentadiene which subsequently fills the crack, this type of material is known as: | [
"Self-healing material.",
"Self-assembling material.",
"Smart materials.",
"Bioactive materials."
] | A | It is an automatically initiated response to damage . | train | med_mcqa | null |
A drug that reduces moality but does not cure a disease will gradually lead to | [
"Increase in prevalence no change in incidence",
"Increase in incidence decrease in prevalence",
"Decrease in incidence and prevalence",
"Increase in incidence and prevalance"
] | A | Relationship between prevalence and incidence Prevalence depends upon 2 factors, the incidence and duration of illness. Given the assumption that the population is stable, and incidence and duration are unchanging, the relationship between incidence and prevalence can be expressed as : P= IxD (incidence x mean duration... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Basal ganglia consist of all of the following except: | [
"Caudate nucleus",
"Putamen",
"Thalamus",
"Globus-pallidus"
] | C | C i.e. Thalmus | train | med_mcqa | null |
The main catabolic product/products of purine nuleotides in humans is which one of the following: | [
"Ammonia + CO2",
"Ammonia",
"Uric Acid",
"CO2 and Water"
] | C | Ans. (c) Uric AcidRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th edn. pg. 347-357Purines are metabolized by several enzymes:GUANINE* A nuclease frees the nucleotide* A nucleotidase creates guanosine* Purine nucleoside phosphorylase converts guanosine to guanine* Guanase converts guanine to xanthine* Xanthine oxidase (a form of xanth... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is related to an enzyme deficiency
and involves periodontal destruction around primary teeth? | [
"Hypophosphatasia",
"Cyclic neutropenia",
"Juvenile periodontitis",
"Papinion-Lefevre syndrome"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding bupropion is:- | [
"It is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor",
"It is an antianxiety drug",
"It does not precipitate seizures",
"It is a nicotinic receptor antagonist"
] | A | Buspirone (5HT1A paial agonist) is anti-anxiety drug whereas bupropion is an anti-depressant drug. BUPROPION -- It is an atypical anti-depressant drug. -- It inhibits the uptake of NA and DA. -- More significant effect of bupropion is presynaptic release of catecholamines. -- It is metabolized to amphetamine like compo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following agents are used for prophylaxis of migraine, Except - | [
"Propanalol",
"Valproate",
"Topiramate",
"Ethosuxamide"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ethosuxamide Propanolol is the most commonly used drug for migraine prophylaxis. Anticonvulsants used for migraine prophylaxis are valproate, Gabapentine and topiramate (not ethosuxamide). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an odontogenic tumor? | [
"Arrhenoblastoma",
"Astrocytoma",
"Ameloblastoma",
"Granular cell tumor"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mogamulizumab was approved by FDA recently for | [
"Prostate cancer",
"Breast cancer",
"Hodgkins lymphoma",
"Non-Hodgkins lymphoma"
] | D | Recently approved for non hodgkins lymphoma. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diagnostic criteria of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) includes all of the following, except: | [
"Severe anemia",
"Reticulocyte count < 1%",
"Normocellular marrow",
"Thrombocytopenia"
] | D | Pure red cell aplasia: Selective depletion of erythroid precursors in bone marrow with consequent severe normocytic normochromic anemia & reticulocytopenia. Diagnostic criteria for pure red cell aplasia are: Giant normoblasts in bone marrow Severe anemia Reticulocyte count < 1% Normocellular marrow with mature erythrob... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is not included in the treatment of malignant melanoma? | [
"Radiation",
"Surgical excision",
"Chemotherapy",
"Immunotherapy"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Radiation Radiation is the best answer. Schwaz 9/e writes- "although initially thought to be ineffective in the treatment of melanoma, the use of radiation therapy, regional and systemic chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are all under investigation." | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 5-year old patient with normal posterior occlusion and arch length is sufficient. Midline diastema with rotated teeth is present. Flow do you manage? | [
"Frenectomy",
"Fixed appliance",
"Check for supernumerary teeth",
"It is normal feature of this age"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most sensitive index for surveillance of malaria transmission is - | [
"Spleen rate",
"Parasite density index",
"Infant parasite rate",
"Propoional case rate"
] | C | - infant parasite rate is defined as the percentage of infants below the age of one year showing malaria parasites in their blood films. - It is regarded as the most sensitive index of transmission of malaria in a locality. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition pg no: 261 <\p> | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gelle's test is done in? | [
"Otosclerosis",
"Serous otitis media",
"Senile deafness",
"Traumatic deafness"
] | A | Gelle's test is a test of bone conduction and examines the effect of increased air pressure in the ear canal on hearing. Gelle's test is positive in normal person and in those with sensorineural hearing loss. It is negative when ossicular chain is fixed or disconnected. It was a popular test to find out stapes fixation... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Variable deceleration indicates: | [
"Head compression",
"Cord compression",
"Fetal hypoxaemia",
"Maternal sedation"
] | B | Ans: B (Cord compression) Ref: DC Dutta's Textbook of obstetrics, 7th edn, PgExplanation:Variable deceleration occurs in Cord compression.Late deceleration occurs in Fetal hypoxemia.Early deceleration occurs in Head compression | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vaginal defence is lost in: | [
"Within 10 days of birth",
"After 10 days of birth",
"During pregnancy",
"At puberty"
] | B | Vaginal defence is lost at 10 days after birth. The maternal estrogen circulating the newborn maintains the vaginal defence for 10 days.
Thereafter it is lost up to pre-puberty and after menopause. High level of circulating estrogen increase the vaginal defence during puberty, pregnancy and in premenstrual phase. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The blood supply of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is primarily derived from - | [
"Superior medial genicular artery",
"Descending genicular artery",
"Middle genicular artery",
"Circumflex fibular artery"
] | C | Middle genicular artery and inferior genicular artery supplies anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In sickle cell anaemia defect is in which chain - | [
"Alpha-chain",
"Beta-chain",
"Both the chains",
"None of these"
] | B | Sickle cell disease is a common hereditary hemoglobinopathy caused by a point mutation in beta globin that promotes the polymerisation of deoxygenated Hb, leading to red cell distoion, hemolytic anaemia, micro vascular obstruction and ischemic tissue damage. In the 6th codon of Beta globin a point mutation which leads ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Magistrate inquest is done in case of ? | [
"Death by suicide",
"Death by accident",
"Death in psychiatry hospital",
"Death in suscpicious circumstances"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Death in psychiatry hospital Magistrate's inquest is done under sec 176 CrPC is case of :- Death in prison, reformatories, Borstal school. Death in police costody while under police interrogation. Death due to police firing. Dowry death; i.e. death of a married female less than 30 years of age or deat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Robe Koch assistant advised him to use agar instead of gelatine culture media for cultivation of bacteria as: | [
"Agar has more nutrition",
"Gelatin melts at 27degC",
"Gelatin is not easily available",
"Agar is cheaper"
] | B | Ans. (b) Gelatin melts at 27degC | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug which shows concentration dependent killing: | [
"Aminoglycosides",
"Azithromycin",
"Beta lactam",
"Chloramphenicol"
] | A | Ans. A. AminoglycosidesSome of the antibiotics show efficacy when their levels are maintained at higher concentration. Aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and metronidazole are concentration dependent drugs. Other type is time dependent killing where concentration should be above MIC as long as possible, beta lactam and ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is false regarding neoplastic compressive myelopathy? | [
"Most neoplasms are subdural in origin",
"Thoracic spine is most commonly involved",
"Tumor does not cross the disk space to involve adjacent veebral body",
"Prognosis is poor when motor deficits are established for > 48 hours"
] | A | Any malignant tumour can metastasise to spinal columns, paicularly tumours of breast, lung, prostate, kidney, lymphoma and myeloma. The most common site is the thoracic spinal column. Most neoplasms are epidural in origin, resulting from metastases to adjacent veebral body. Unlike infections of the spinal column, the t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common site of abscess formation due to amoeba is: September 2005 | [
"Lungs",
"Liver",
"Kidney",
"Brain"
] | B | Ans. B: Liver Amebic liver abscess is the most frequent extraintestinal manifestation of Entamoeba histolytica infection. This infection is caused by the protozoa E histolytica, which ascends the poal venous system. Amebic liver abscess is an impoant cause of space-occupying lesions of the liver, mainly in developing c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All ceramic crowns are not indicated for young children because of: | [
"Short clinical crown height",
"Root formation is not completed",
"Pulp horns are wide and high",
"Maintenance of oral hygiene is difficult"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child presents with night blindness, delayed dark adaptation. Which investigation is to be done fuher to confirm the diagnosis? | [
"Dark adaptometry",
"ERG",
"EOG",
"Retinoscopy"
] | B | Retinitis pigmentosa * APOPTOSIS OF RODS * AUTOSOMAL RESSECIVE * AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT * X LINKED - WORST PROGNOSIS C/F* NYCTALOPIA * RING SCOTOMA * TUBULAR VISION O/E- TRIAD * PALE WAXY DISC* ARETRIOLAR ATTENUATION* BONE SPICULE PIGMENTATION ( MOST CHARACTERISTIC ) Gold standard for Dx - ERG EOG - Gold standard for best ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following secretions has a very high Ph | [
"Gastric juice",
"Pancreatic juice",
"Bile in gallbladder",
"Saliva"
] | B | Ans. (b) Pancreatic juice(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.461)Highly alkaline - pancreatric juice (pH- 8.3)Highly acidic - Gastric juice (pH-<3) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is differentiated from other atypical mycobacteria by: | [
"Niacin test",
"AFB staining",
"PAS staining",
"None"
] | A | Ans. is. 'a' i. e., Niacin test | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stages of Anaesthesia were established by : | [
"Ether",
"Nitrous Oxide",
"Cyclopropane",
"Chloroform"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' Ether Guedel's staging of Anaesthesia was given for EtherStage of Anaesthesia are as follows*Stage I - Analgesia*Stage II - Delirium or excitement*, partially dilated pupilStage III - Stage of Surgical AnaesthesiaIt is divided in 4 stagesMoving eye to fixed eyeCorneal & laryngeal reflex lostLight reflex los... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The commonest site for extragonadal germ cell tumour is - | [
"Retroperitoneum",
"Sacrococcygeal region",
"Pineal gland",
"Mediastinum"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Carvallo's sign representing a Diastolic Murmur that increases on inspiration is seen in | [
"Tricuspid stenosis",
"Tricuspid regurgitation",
"Mitral stenosis",
"Aoic regurgitation"
] | A | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1548 prominent RV pulsation along the left parasternal region and a blowing holosystolic murmur along the lower left sternal margin, which may be intensified during inspiration (Carvallo's sign) and reduced during expiration or the strain phase of the Valsalva maneuver, are characteristic findi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The type of synechiae in iris bombe is – | [
"Ring",
"Total",
"Goniform",
"Filiform"
] | A | Iris bombe is seen in ring synechiae. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child has phocomelia. This is due to drug taken by mother - | [
"Tetracycline",
"Thalidomide",
"Warfarin",
"Chloroquine"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thalidomide Thalidomide is the worst teratogen known in the history of medicine.It was widely used as sedative and hypnotic.It was also believed to reduce vomiting in pregnancy.It was a routine hypnotics in hospitals, was even recommended to help children adapt themselves to a convalescent home atmosp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Soft friable extradural hematoma with honeycomb appearance seen in autopsy in cases of death due to? | [
"Coagulopathy",
"Thermal injury",
"Post moem trauma",
"None of the above"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thermal injury When the head is exposed to intense heat, sufficient to cause charring of the skull, heat hematomas occur. They have the appearance like extradural hemorrhage, but signs of injury blunt force do not accompany it. It consists of soft friable clot of light chocklate colour and may be pink... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Jarjaway fracture of nasal bone, the fracture line is- | [
"Oblique",
"Comminuted",
"Vertical",
"Horizontal"
] | D | The fracture line is horizontal. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Non-specific esterase is present in - | [
"Megakaryocytic leukaemia",
"Lymphocytic leukaemia",
"Erythroleukemia",
"AML"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Schwaze sign seen in? | [
"Glomus Jugulare",
"Otosclerosis",
"Meniere's diseases",
"Acoustic neuroma"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Otosclerosis Symptoms of otosclerosis Hearing loss :- Bilateral conductive deafness which is painless and progressive with insidious onset. In cochlear otosclerosis sensorineural hearing loss also occur along with conductive deafness. Paracusis willissii :- An otosclerotic patient hears better in nois... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true of propylthiouracil? | [
"It is used in the treatment of myxedema",
"It has a long half-life in the circulation",
"It increases proteolysis of thyroglobulin",
"It blocks thyroxine synthesis"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., It blocks thyroxine synthesis o Propylthiouracil blocks thyroxine synthesis by inhibiting thyroid peroxidase, and preventing oxidation of iodide/ iodotyrosyl residues, there by Inhibit iodination of tyrosine residue in thyroglobulin. Inhibit coupling of MIT and DIT to form T3 & T4. o Propylthiouracil ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is TRUE about dactylography? | [
"Surest sign of identification",
"Probable sign of identification",
"Presumptive sign of identification",
"Doubtful sign of identification"
] | A | Dactylography (fingerprint system; dermatoglyphics; Galton system) is a surest sign of identification. In practice 8-16 points of fine comparison are accepted as proof of identity. The patterns are not inherited and paternity cannot be proved through fingerprint patterns. The fingerprint patterns are distinctive and pe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common explanation for fetal tachycardia is - | [
"Maternal administration of parasympathetic or sympathomimetic drugs",
"Maternal fever from amnionitis",
"Fetal cardiac defects",
"Cardiac arrhythmias"
] | B | Fetal tachycardia is defined as a baseline hea rate greater than 160 bpm. The most common explanation for fetal tachycardia is maternal fever from chorioamnionitis, although fever from any source can increase baseline fetal hea rate. Other causes of fetal tachycardia include fetal compromise, cardiac arrhythmias, and m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a village of 100 children, 60% are immunized against measles. One child travelled outside and returned with measles and infected other 26 children. What is the secondary attack rate | [
"67%",
"27%",
"50%",
"80%"
] | A | Ans. is 'a', i.e 67% Secondary attack rate : No. of exposed persons developing the disease within the range of incubation period following exposure to the primary case. SAR = (No. of exposed persons developing the disease within the range of incubation period) x 100 / (Total no. of exposed/susceptible contacts)Total no... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The characteristic lesion of atherosclerosis is - | [
"Fibrinoid necrosis of the media",
"Giant cell reaction in the retina and internal elastic lamina",
"Organised thrombus in the affected segment",
"'Fibro-fatty' lesion in the intima of the blood vessel"
] | D | Ans-D | train | med_mcqa | null |
A woman has 20 ml menstrual blood loss every 35 days. She suffers from : | [
"Metrorrhagia",
"Menometrorrhagia",
"Oligomenorrhea",
"Menorrhagia"
] | C | Oligomenorrhea | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis in meningococcal meningitis is ? | [
"Tetracycline",
"Rifampicin",
"Streptomycin",
"Erythromycin"
] | B | Ans. is `b' i.e., Rifampicin Meningococcal meningitis is the only type of bacterial meningitis that occurs in epidemic form. o Close contacts of index case (such as other household member, infants in day-care centers, or military recrutis) are at increased risk for developing meningococcal disease. casual contacts such... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about carcinoma palate, except - | [
"Slow growing",
"Bilateral lymphatic spread",
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Presents with pain"
] | D | Carcinoma of the hard pate is either squamous or glandular variety.
Glandular variety arises from minor salivary glands and it can be of following varieties.
a) Adenoid Cystic
b) Mucoepidermoid
c) Adenocarcinoma (a common site for minor salivary gland tumours is the junction of the hard and soft palate)
Clinical feat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with dermatomyositis repos improvement of symptoms on steroids for last 6 months. Labs did today show Creatine kinase of 1300 Units/L. What is the next step in the management? | [
"Continue the same dose of steroids",
"Raise dose of steroids",
"Sta mycophenolate",
"Perform muscle biopsy"
] | A | The main objective of treatment in dermatomyositis is to improve muscle strength and reduce extra-muscular symptoms. Serum CK levels are monitored however dose adjustment of Steroids and other immuno-therapies are primarily based on the clinical examination and not CK levels. When no response is noted after adequate ph... | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Brush-fire" pattern is seen in - | [
"CMV retinitis",
"Toxoplasmosis",
"Congenital rubella",
"Syphilis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CMV retinitis o CMV retinitis is the most common ophthalmic manifestation of CMV, occuring as a congenital infection in infants or an opportunistic infection in the immunocompromised host,o Adults commonly affected include those individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), oncology pati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following ricketsial diseases is transmitted by tick - | [
"Murine typhus",
"Rocky mountain spotted fever",
"Q-fever",
"Endemic typhus"
] | B | Rickettsial disease Insect vector Murine typhus (endemic typhus) - Flea Q fever Nil Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition pg 299 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25-year-old woman with amenorrhea has never had menarche. On physical examination, she is 145 cm (4 ft 9 in) tall. She has a webbed neck, a broad chest, and widely spaced nipples. Strong pulses are palpable in the upper extremities, but there are only weak pulses in the lower extremities. On abdominal MR imaging, her... | [
"45, X/46, XX",
"46, X, X (fra)",
"47, XXY",
"47, XXX"
] | A | The features described are those of classic Turner syndrome. Individuals who reach adulthood may have mosaic cell lines, with some 45, X cells and some 46, XX cells. A female carrier of the fragile X syndrome, X(fra), is less likely to manifest the disease than a male, but the number of triple repeat sequences (CGG) in... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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