question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conjoint tendon is formed by | [
"External oblique, internal oblique",
"External oblique, transversus abdominis",
"Internal oblique, transversus abdominis",
"Rectus abdomnis, transversus abdominis"
] | C | CONJOINT TENDON:- Falx inguinalisFormation: fusion of lowest aponeurotic fibres of internal oblique and of the transversus muscle. Medially : continuous with the anterior wall of rectus sheath.Laterally: free It may be continuous with an inconstant ligamentous band, interfoveolar ligament,which connects lower border of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common post splenectomy infection is: | [
"Pneumococcus",
"Meningococcus",
"Staphy lococcus",
"Corynebacterium"
] | A | Pneumococcus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neil Mooser reaction or Tunica reaction is useful to differentiate between? | [
"R. prowazekii & R. typhi",
"R. typhi & R. rickettsii",
"R. prowazekii & R. rickettsii",
"R. rickettsii & C. burnetti"
] | A | R. prowazekii & R. typhi Self Assessment & Review Microbiology Immunology 4th edition by Chaurasia page 224, Textbook of Microbiology & Immunology by Subhash Chandra Parija page 427 "R. typhi is differentiated from R. prowazekii by Neil Moser reaction and by paial DNA homology" NEIL MOSER REACTION: Neil Moser or tunica... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a plague epidemic all of the following are done to control it, except - | [
"Isolation of cases",
"Vaccination of the susceptibles",
"Surveillance",
"Chemoprophylaxis with tetracycline"
] | B | The measure for control of plaque include ; - surveillance - control of cases: early diagnosis and treatment. Isolation of the cases. - chemoprophylaxis with tetracycline -immunisation with plaque vaccine is a valuable preventive measure. The WHO recommends that under all circumstances, vaccination should be used only ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 48 year old diabetic with orbital cellulitis presented with a corneal ulcer. An aqueous tap showed branched hyphae. Diagnosis is - | [
"Herpetic ulcer",
"Mycotic Ulcer",
"Bacterial Ulcer",
"Anterior staphyloma"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mycotic Ulcer Mycotic (fungal) corneal ulcero The incidence of corneal ulceration due to fungi has increased significantly due to long-term unwarranted use of antibiotic and steroid. The most common mode of infection is injury by vegetative material such as crop leaf, horn, wooden stick. The causative... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve comes from the? | [
"Axillary nerve",
"Medial cord nerve",
"Musculocutaneous nerve",
"Radial nerve"
] | C | The musculocutaneous nerve provides cutaneous innervation to the skin of the anterolateral side of the forearm through the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. The axillary nerve supplies the skin of the upper lateral arm with the superior lateral brachial cutaneous nerve. The radial nerve supplies cutaneous innervati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among these has a moderately increased risk to develop into invasive breast carcinoma? | [
"Apocrine metaplasia",
"Ductal papillomatosis",
"Atypical ductal hyperplasia",
"Sclerosing adenosis"
] | C | Cancer risk associated with Benign breast disease and carcinoma in situ Abnormality Relative risk Non proliferative lesions No increased risk Sclerosing adenosis No increased risk Duct papilloma No increased risk Florid hyperplasia 1.5- 2 X Atypical ductal hyperplasia 4 X Atypical lobular hyperplasia 4 X Ductal involve... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Wilms tumor is associated with all of the following except | [
"A. Hemihyperophy",
"B. Aniridia",
"C. Hypeension",
"D. Bilateral polycystic kidney"
] | D | Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) is the most common primary renal tumor of childhood in USA .It is associated with the following Refer 8/479-480 9/e p479 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Epispadias is associated with: | [
"Bifid pubic symphysis",
"Chordee",
"Anal atresia",
"Intestinal obstruction"
] | B | EPISPADIAS Urethra opens on the dorsum (upper aspect) of the penis in males, in females there is a fissure in the wall of the urethra which opens above the clitoris ASSOCIATED ANOMALIES Extrophy of bladder (ectopia vesicae) with pubic diastasis and waddling gait Dorsal Chordee VUR in 4O% cases MANAGEMENT * 1st -Correct... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The head tilt procedure while dealing with an unconscious patient in dental chair is done to ensure | [
"Patent airway",
"Blood circulation to the brain",
"To clear the foreign body obstacle",
"To relieve spasm of respiratory muscles"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Breslau's second life test, organ tested is | [
"Brain",
"Hea",
"Lung",
"Stomach and Intestine"
] | D | D i.e. Stomach & Intestine Breslau's second life (or Stomach Bowel) test says that air will be swallowed & so may pass into stomach & small intestine when respiration establishes. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A component of conversion disorder is? | [
"Hysteric fits",
"Derealisation",
"Depersonalisation",
"Amnesia"
] | A | Hysteric fits REF: Kaplan 9th ed p. 676ICD 10 includes conversion disorders under dissociative disorders, however, traditionally conversion disorders are known as hysteriaConversion disorder may present withHysterical fitsMotor symptoms like abnormal movements and gait disturbance or inability to moveSensory symptoms l... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of Henoch Schonlein purpura? | [
"Purpura",
"Thrombocytopenia",
"Glomerulonephritis",
"Abdominal pain"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e, Thrombocytopenia Henoch-Schonlein purpura* Henoch - Schonlein purpura is vasculitis of small vessels (capillaries, venules or arterioles) and characterized by deposition of IgA in the wall of involved vessels.* H.S. purpura is characterized by tetrad of purpura, arthritis, glomerulonephritis, and abdom... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chromosomes are formed during which phase of cell cycle | [
"G1",
"S",
"G2",
"M"
] | D | Though the DNA is synthesized during the S phase of cell cycle, but the condensation of chromatin fibers into Chromosomes happens during metaphase of Mitosis phase (M) of cell cycle. Hence, if question ask about which phase of cell cycle for DNA synthesis, the answer is S phase. If asked about the chromosome formation,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of following is the most common cause of hypergonadotrophichypogonadism in nuk>>- | [
"Viral orchitis",
"Klinefelter's syndrome",
"Kallman's syndrome",
"Noonan syndrome"
] | B | Ans is option 2.. Klinefelter&;s syndrome Hypogonadism occurs if the hypothalamic pituitary axis is interrupted at any level. Hypergonadotrophic Hypogonadism occurs due to low testosterone and increased LH and FSH Most common cause of Hypergonadotrophic Hypogonadism in males is Klinefelter&;s syndrome In females turner... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Discharging sinus is seen in – | [
"Syphilis",
"Herpes",
"Actinomycosis",
"Molluscum contagiosum"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thorium dioxide causes - | [
"Lymphoma",
"Lymphangiosarcoma",
"Angiosarcoma",
"Hemangioendothelioma"
] | C | Hepatic angiosarcomas are associated with carcinogen exposures, including arsenic, thoracotrast and polyvinyl chloride. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following tumor causes invasion of 1VC? | [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma",
"Renal cell carcinoma",
"Gall bladder carcinoma",
"Pancreatic carcinoma"
] | B | ANSWER: (B) Renal cell carcinomaREF: Smith urology 17th ed page 332MRI is superior to CT in assessing inferior vena caval involvement in RCCTNM CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMAPrimary tumors (T)TXPrimary tumor cannot be assessedT0No evidence of primary tumorT1Tumor <7 cm in greatest dimension, limited to ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
DNA fingerprinting is based on possessing in DNA of: | [
"Constant tandem repeat",
"Variable number tandem repeat",
"Non-repetitive sequence",
"Exon"
] | B | Ans. B. Variable number tandem repeatDNA Finger printingThe use of normal genetic variation in the DNA (SNP or VNTR or RFLP) to establish a unique pattern of DNA fragments for an individual.This is also called DNA Profiling.Most commonly used is VNTR or repeat length polymorphism.The process of DNA finger printing was ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patient presents with waxy flexibility, negativism & rigidity Diagnosis is? | [
"Paranoid schizophrenia",
"Catatonic schizophrenia",
"Hebephrenic Sch",
"Simple Sch."
] | B | B i.e. Catatonic schizophrenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Kartagener syndrome cause of infertility is? | [
"Oligospermia",
"Asthenospermia",
"Undescended testis",
"Epididymis obstruction"
] | B | (b) Asthenospermia,Ref: Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility, 8th ed.* Kartagener syndrome is also known as primary ciliary dyskinesia.* It is identified as a cause of male infertility as it affects ciliary structure and function and thus causes oligo-asthenospermia (poor sperm motility). It is primarily ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for trigeminal Neuralgia | [
"Carbamazepine",
"Valproate",
"Diazepam",
"Phenytoin"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radical dissection of neck includes all except - | [
"Cervical lymph nodes",
"Sternocleido mastoid",
"Phrenic nerves",
"Internal jugular vein"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are associated with EBV except - | [
"Infectious mononucleosis",
"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
"Oral hairy leukoplakia",
"Epidermodysplasi"
] | D | EBV causes nadopharyngeal carcinoma,oral hairy luekoplakia&infectious mononucleosis REF:MICROBIOLOGY ANANTHA NARAYANAN NINTH EDITION PAGE.475 | train | med_mcqa | null |
CB 1 antagonist used in smoking cessation is ? | [
"Naloxona",
"Rimonabant",
"Vareniloline",
"Bupripion"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rimonabant Rimonabant A selective cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB-1) antagonist which is being tried as antismoking and antiobesity drug. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most rigid elastomer is | [
"Polyether",
"Polysulphide",
"Addition silicone",
"Condensation silicone"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is FDA approved Anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy agent for the treatment of metastatic melanoma? | [
"Nivolumab",
"Lambrolizumab",
"Ipilimumab",
"Trametinib"
] | C | TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR METASTATIC MELANOMA - Surgery: Metastasectomy for small number of lesions Immunotherapy: - Interleukin-2 - Immune checkpoint blockade FDA approved - Anti-CTLA-4: Ipilimumab Experimental - Anti-PD-1: Nivolumab, Lambrolizumab (Monoclonal antibody to programmed cell death-1 protein (PD-1); blocks the... | train | med_mcqa | null |
MRI finding of Schizophrenia FALSE is | [
"Increased ventricular volume",
"Cortical thickening",
"Reduced volume of temporal lobe",
"Reduced volume of hippocampal lobe"
] | B | (B) Cortical thickening# MRI studies utilizing modern cortical surface reconstruction techniques have shown widespread reduction in cerebral cortical thickness (i.e., "cortical thinning") in frontal and temporal regions.> Whole brain and hippocampal volume are reduced and that ventricular volume is increased in patient... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Indications for ECT are : | [
"Paranoid schizophrenia",
"Depression with suicidal tendency",
"Neurotic depression",
"All"
] | B | B i.e. Depression with sucidal tendency | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ultrastructural finding in case of paraganglioma? | [
"Deposition of glycogen",
"Enlarged mitochondria",
"Shrunken mitochondria",
"Dense core granules"
] | D | CAROTID BODY TUMOUR (CHEMODECTOMA, CAROTID BODY PARAGANGLIOMA). Carotid body tumor arises in the carotid bodies which are situated at the bifurcation of the common carotid aeries. Carotid bodies are normally pa of the chemoreceptor system and the cells of this system are sensitive to changes in the pH and aerial oxygen... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true about the location of Omental bursa - | [
"Left sub hepatic",
"Left sub phrenic",
"Right sub hepatic",
"Right sub phrenic"
] | A | Lesser sac (Omental bursa) is left posterior intraperitoneal space, also called left subhepatic space. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antrochoanal polyp opens In which meatus: | [
"Middle meatus",
"Superior meatus",
"Inferior meatus",
"Sphenoethmoidal recess"
] | A | Ans: A Middle Meatus Ref: Dhingra's ENT 6th ed./ 173-75* ANTROCHOANAL POLYP most commonly seen in children. They are unilateral, usually arises from the mucosa of maxillary antrum near its accessory ostium comes out of it & grows in the chonna & nasal cavity.* Maxillary sinus opens into the middle meatus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drug is not a GPIIb / III a antagonist? | [
"Tirofiban",
"Abciximab",
"Eptiifibatide",
"Prasugrel"
] | D | Prasugrel is an antagonist of P2 Y12 receptors of ADP like clopidogrel. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Syndrome associated with deafness is: | [
"Usher syndrome",
"Waardenburg syndrome",
"Pendred syndrome",
"All of the above"
] | D | More than 200 syndromes are associated with hearing loss. Common syndromic forms of hearing loss, among others, include the following: (1) Usher syndrome (retinitis pigmentosa and hearing loss), (2) Waardenburg syndrome (pigmentary abnormality and hearing loss), (3) Pendred syndrome (thyroid organification defect and h... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An expectant mother feels quickening at : | [
"12-14 weeks",
"16-20 weeks",
"26 weeks",
"24-28 weeks"
] | B | In second trimester the pregnant women feels much better ,the nausea vomiting and bladder frequency is almost gone She slowly stas feeling growing uterus per abdomen Of interest and excitement to her is the very first perception of foetal movement called quickening felt at around 18 weeks in a primigravida and 16 -18 w... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common benign tumour of the stomach is ? | [
"Adenoma",
"Lipoma",
"Hamaoma",
"Leiomyoma"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Adenoma E ihtelial nolvus are the most common benign tumor of the stomach. They are of 5 types: a) Hyperplastic (regenerative) most common type (75%), with low malignant potential b) Adenomatous second most common, with high malignant potential (should be removed when diagnosed) c) Hamaomatous d) Infl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Horner's syndrome. All true exceptaEUR' | [
"Miosis",
"Anhydrosis",
"Hyperchromatic iris",
"Apparent exophthalmos"
] | D | Apparent exophthalmoses [Ref: Adams victor principles of neurology 8/e p. 2541 Horner's syndrome is a classic neurologic syndrome whose signs include: -- Miosis, - Ptosis, and - Anhidrosis Also called oculosympathetic paresis, a Horner's syndrome can be produced by a lesion anywhere along the sympathetic pathway that s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bull's eye retinopathy is seen in: | [
"Chloroquine",
"Methanol",
"Ethambutol",
"Steroids"
] | A | 1. Autosomal-dominant, benign, concentric annular macular dystrophy 2. Ceroid lipofuscinosis *3. Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine retinopathy 4. Cone dystrophy 5. Hereditary ataxia 6. NARP syndrome 7. Spielmeyer-Vogt syndrome (Batten-Mayou syndrome) *8. Stargardt disease (or fundus flavimaculatus) 9. Trauma 10. Unknow... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Once the root canal is obturated, what usually happens to the organism that had previously entered periradicular tissues from the canal? | [
"They persist and stimulate formulation of a granuloma.",
"They are eliminated by the natural defenses of the body.",
"They reenter and reinfect the sterile canal unless root-end surgery is performed.",
"They will have been eliminated by various medicaments that were used in the root canal."
] | B | They are eliminated by the natural defenses of the body. Obturation prevents coronal leakage and bacterial contamination and seals the remaining irritants in the canal. After root canal obturation, the remaining bacteria should have lost their source of nutrition, becoming susceptible to the body’s immune system | train | med_mcqa | null |
If a value is chosen from a community, what is the probability that it will be above the median - | [
"0.25",
"0.5",
"0.6",
"1"
] | B | In normal distribution, 50% values fall above and 50% below the central value (mean / median). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fallen fragment sign on X-ray is seen in - | [
"Simple bone cyst",
"Aneurysmal bone cyst",
"GCT",
"Fibrous dysplasia"
] | A | Fallen fragment sign and hinged fragment sign are seen in simple bone cyst. Fallen fragment sign refers the settlement of fractured fragment in dependent position Hinged fragment sign (aka Trap door sign) refers to non separation of fractured fragment from the adjacent coex. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Entomology of cadaver helps in finding: TN 09 | [
"Time since death",
"Mode of death",
"Manner of death",
"Identify the disease"
] | A | Ans. Time since death | train | med_mcqa | null |
CA - 125 is specific marker of : | [
"Choriocarcinoma",
"Teratoma",
"Epithelial cell carcinoma of ovary",
"Seminoma"
] | C | Ans. is c i.e. Epithelial cell ca of ovary | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 32 weeks pregnant female with preterm contractions treated with tocolytic agents. She fuher developed pulmonary edema. Which of the following tocolytic must have caused pulmonary edema in this patient? | [
"Ritodrine",
"Nifedipine",
"Indomethacin",
"Atosiban"
] | A | The infusion of beta-agonists (Ritodrine) has resulted in frequent and at times, serious and fatal side effects. Pulmonary edema is a special concern. Because beta-agonists cause retention of sodium and water, with time--usually 24 to 48 hours, these can cause volume overload. The cause of pulmonary edema is multifacto... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Colonic polyp that has maximum chance - of malignant change | [
"Hyperplastic polyp",
"Adenomatous polyp",
"Juvenile polyp",
"polyp of peutz- Jegher syndrome"
] | B | Familial Polyposis Coli(Adenomatosis) This hereditary disease is defined as the presence of more than 100 neoplastic polyps (adenomas) on the mucosal surface of the colon; the average number is about 1000 Adenomatosis can be distinguished from multiple adenomas in which the number of adenomas is fewer, not exceeding 10... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Different refractive power between two eyes is known as? | [
"Combined astigmatism",
"Aniseikonia",
"Anisometropia",
"Ametropia"
] | C | Ans. (c) AnsiometropiaRef: A.K. Khurana 6th ed. 144-45, Khurana 4th ed./ 38* Isometropia: Two eye with equal refraction* Anisometropia: two eye with unequal refraction of power >2.5D* Aniseikoinia: Difference in size/shape of image of >5% on visual cortex by retina. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A two year old child was planned for brain stem implant. All are indications of brain stem implant except: | [
"B/L neurofibromatosis",
"Absent auditory nerves",
"Absent cochlea",
"Mondini deformity"
] | D | In Mondini deformity the defect is at the level of cochlea, which can be corrected by cochlear implant. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pelvis alone helps in? | [
"95% sex determination",
"90% sex determination",
"75% sex determination",
"50% sex determination"
] | A | Pelvis is the single best bone for sex determinationQ. 95 % accuracy as per Krogman's accuracy Skull - 90% Long bones- 80% Complete skeleton - 100 % | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fibers most susceptible to hypoxia are | [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ehrlichia chaffeensis is causative agent of | [
"Human monocytic ehrlichiosis",
"Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis",
"Glandular fever",
"None"
] | A | Ehrlichiae
These are gram negative, obligate intracellular bacteria which have affinity towards blood cells,
They grow within phagosomes of phagocytes as mulberry-like clusters called morula.
They are tick-borne.
Three human infections caused by this group of organisms have been identified :-
Human monocytic ehrlichi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are Precancerous for carcinoma esophagus Except | [
"Achalasia",
"Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome",
"Zenker's diveiculum",
"Ectodermal dysplasia"
] | B | .Aetiology of CARCINOMA OESOPHAGUS includes, *Diet, deficiencies (Vit. A, C, Riboflavin) *Mycotoxin *Alcohol and tobacco Common in men (Fungal contamination of food Common in China - Henan province) *Achalasia cardia In India, common in Oesophageal webs Orissa and Karnataka *Barrett's oesophagus *Plummer -Vinson's synd... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Atmospheric pressure as a factor of retention is effective only | [
"If saliva is present",
"If adequate peripheral seal is present",
"If principle of mucostatics is applied",
"If good neuromuscular co-ordination is present"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a study, dye ABC is used to measure cardiac output and blood volume. The dye is replaced with a new dye XYZ which diffuses more rapidly out of the capillaries. This would affect the study by | [
"Normal cardiac output, altered blood volume",
"Altered cardiac output, normal blood volume estimation",
"Both altered",
"Both normal"
] | A | In estimation of cardiac output by the dye, the dye is injected through a vein and then blood is collected from the artery after a single cycle through the heart. So there is no diffusion out through the capillaries in between. Hence the cardiac output is unchanged in the given scenario. But the measured blood volume i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a function of aqueous humor? | [
"Maintenance of IOP",
"Providing nutrition to retina",
"Transparency of eye",
"Drainage"
] | B | It provides nutrition to the cornea and lens and not the retina. Functions of aqueous humor: Maintenance of IOP Nutrition to lens and cornea Maintaining transparency of eye Clearing the eye of toxins | train | med_mcqa | null |
Beta naphthyl-amines is associated with cancer of: | [
"Bladder",
"Oral",
"Liver",
"none of the above"
] | A | Bladder cancer is known to be associated with aniline industry. Chemicals mentioned as bladder carcinogens are benzidine, auramine, magenta, beta naphthylamines and para amino diphenyl. Ref: Park 21st edition, page: 748. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which receptors are blocked in Myasthenia Gravis. | [
"Ach receptors",
"Calcium receptors",
"Sodium receptors",
"Opioid receptors"
] | A | Ref. Guyton. 13th edition. Page. 96
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibodies against the acetylcholine (ACh) receptor of the neuromuscular junction, result- ing in muscular weakness predominantly affecting the facial muscles. Females are affected more frequently than males.
Extra ocu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sensitivity is - | [
"True positive/true positive + false negative",
"True positive/false positive + true negative",
"True negative/true negative + false positive",
"True negative/false negative + true positive"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., True positive/true positive + false negative Sensitivity =Number of true positive--------------------------------------------Number of true positives + Number of false negative | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following represent disorders or protein misfolding, except | [
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Tuberculosis",
"Cystic fibrosis",
"Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease"
] | B | A normal gene makes the normal Prp protein .when gene is mutataed there will be protein misfolding. in Alzhener&;s disease, there is beta amyloid protein formation . this fuher forms plaque . this causes dementia , hallucination etc. cystic fibrosis is caused by abnormal protein CFTR. Creutzfeldt disease is caused due ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Recommended drug for patients with intrahepatic Wilson's disease i.e. patients with hepatitis, is | [
"Zinc",
"Triamterene",
"Trientine",
"Penicillamine"
] | A | Answer- A. ZincHepatitis or cirrhosis without decompensation Zinc (first choice) & Trientine (2nd choice). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ideal site for myringotomy and grommet inseion in serous otitis media is | [
"Anterior superior quadrant",
"Anterior inferior quadrant",
"Posterio-superior",
"Posterio-inferior"
] | B | In serous otitis media, a radial incision is made on the anteroinferior quadrant, in acute suppurative otitis media circumferential incision is made on the posteroinferior quadrant. Ref-ENT Dhingra textbook 6th edition, page no. 65. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Universal ( Standard) precaution to be observed by surgeons for the preventation of hospital acquired HIV infection include the following except | [
"Wearing gloves and other barrier precaution",
"Washing hands on contamination",
"Handling sharp instruments with care",
"Pre - operative screening of all patients of HIV"
] | D | Standard precautions are meant to reduce the risk of transmission of bloodborne and other pathogens from both recognized and unrecognized sources. Some of the key elements include : Hand hygiene Gloves Facial protection Gown Prevention of neddle stick and injuries from sharps Respiratory hygine and cough etiquette Envi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bunion is commonly seen at: | [
"Great toe MTP joint",
"Medial malleolus",
"Lateral malleolus",
"Shin of tibia"
] | A | Bunion Painful bony bump that develops on the inside of the foot at the MTP of great toe associated with Hallux Valgus Hallux Calgus is the lageral detion of the greater toe with prominence of the 1st MTP Pathology: Prominence of the first metatarsal head is due to subluxation of the MTP joint; increasing shoe pressure... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a young female of reproductive age with regular menstrual cycles of 28 days, if ovulation occurs around 14th day of periods. When is the first polar body extruded? | [
"24 hours prior to ovulation",
"Accompanied by ovulation",
"48 hours after the ovulation",
"At the time of feilization"
] | B | Primary oocyte completes its first meiotic division at the time of ovulation giving rise to secondary oocyte and first polar body. Reference: Langman'"s Textbook of embryology 13th edition, page 28 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best treatment option for Molluscum contagiosum is ? | [
"Phototherapy",
"Immunosuppressives",
"Antiviral drugs",
"Electrocautery"
] | D | Ans is 'd' i.e. Electrocautery [Ref: Venleatram Lnle p. 275; Neena Khanna 3d/e p. 236)Curettage, electrocautery and cryotherapy are simple and effective methods.Imiquimod a recently introduced immunostimulant is helpful in patients with multiple lesions and in small children. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gonadotrophins remain elevated after menopause for : | [
"2 years",
"5 years",
"10 years",
"Rest of life"
] | D | Rest of life | train | med_mcqa | null |
Larval form in stool is found in - | [
"Strongyloides",
"Ancylostoma duodenale",
"Ascaris lumbricoides",
"Necator americanus"
] | A | Demonstration of rhabdiform larvae In freshly passed faeces is the most impoant and specific method for diagnosis. Larvae may sometimes be present in sputum or duodenal aspirate. Concentration of larvae in faeces may be done by Baermann method which is very sensitive (refer pgno:152 baveja 3 rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common malignant mesenchymal tumor of liver is - | [
"HCC",
"Cholangiocarcinoma",
"Angiosarcoma",
"Hepatoblastoma"
] | C | Answer- C. AngiosarcomaAngiosarcoma is the most common malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the liver. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alpha helix is which structure | [
"Primary",
"Secondary",
"Tertiary",
"Quaternary"
] | B | Ans. (b) SecondaryStructural organization of amino acid can be of following types:* Primary structure:# Linear sequence of amino acid, held together by peptide bond (a type of covalent bond).* Secondary structure:# Folding of short ~ 3-30 residue, contiguous segment of polypeptide.# Joined together by non-covalent bond... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug used for Burger's disease | [
"Xanthinol microtinate",
"Propranolol",
"GTN",
"All the above"
] | A | . -Xanthinol microtinate is the drug used in buerger's disesase. -Injection of 3000mg from day 1to 9000 mg on day 5 is often practiced to promote ulcer healing .helps to increase claudication distance as a temporary basis. -other drugs used are pentoxiphylline ,low dose aspirin,prostacyclins,ticlopidine,carnitine,cilso... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following structure is not present in transpyloric plane? | [
"First lumbar veebra",
"Fundus of gall bladder",
"Hilum of right kidney",
"Inferior mesenteric vein"
] | D | An upper transverse line, the transpyloric is located halfway between the jugular notch and the upper border of the symphysis pubis; this indicates the margin of the transpyloric plane, which in most cases cuts through the pylorus, the tips of the ninth costal cailages and the lower border of the first lumbar veebra. T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a proxy measure of the incubation period of a disease? | [
"Communicable Period",
"Latent Period",
"Serial Interval",
"Generation Time"
] | A | Communicable period is defined as the time during which an infectious agent may be transferred from an infected person or animal to another person or animal. As a rule, infectious diseases are not communicable during the incubation period, with a few exceptions. Latent period is equivalent to incubation period in non-i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Occult thyroid malignancy with nodal metastasis is seen in - | [
"Medullary carcinoma",
"Follicular ca",
"Papillary ca",
"Anaplastic ca"
] | C | A small percentage of cancers present with enlarged lymph nodes in the jugular chain or pulmonary metastases with no palpable abnormality of the thyroid.
The primary tumor may be no more than a few millimetres in size and is termed occult. Such primary foci of papillary carcinoma may also be discovered in thyroid tissu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The first generation and second generation flowable composites are intended to be used for | [
"Class V and Class II restorations, respectively",
"Pit-and-fissure sealants and small anterior restorations, respectively",
"Class I and class II restorations, respectively",
"Pit-and-fissure sealants and Class I restorations, respectively"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pica is associated with poisoning: NEET 14 | [
"Mercury",
"Arsenic",
"Lead",
"Phosphorus"
] | C | Ans. Lead | train | med_mcqa | null |
Carbenicillin : | [
"Is effective in pseudomonas infection",
"Has no effect in Proteus infection",
"Is a macrolide antibiotic",
"Is administered orally"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a diagnosed lepromatous leprosy patient, the treatment was staed. After intake to drug skin lesions and fever develop within few days. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction leads to this manifestation? | [
"Type 4",
"Type 3",
"Type 2",
"Type 1"
] | B | After intake of drug skin lesions and fever develop, means when you kill organism there is production of cytokines by the immune system. Cytokine responsible for inflammatory manifestation i.e. Type II lepra reaction / erythema nodosum leprosum. Two types of lepra reaction: Type I lepra Type II lepra is seen after drug... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alkaptonuria is a metabolic disease caused by a defect in or lack of homogentisic acid oxidase which lead to | [
"Absent patella",
"Blue sclera",
"Darkly pigmented sclera cornea & ear",
"Absent radii"
] | C | Alkaptonuria (Black urine disease) Alkaptonuria has great historical impoance. It was first described by Lusitanus in 1649 and characterized in 1859. Garrod conceived the idea of inborn errors of metabolism from his observation on alkaptonuria. The prevalance of this autosomal recessive disorder is 1 in 25,000. Enzyme ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dacron vascular graft is | [
"Nontextile synthetic",
"Textile synthetic",
"Nontextile biologic",
"Textile biologic"
] | B | .Aneurysm is excised and the aerial graft either PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), knitted dacron graft, or woven dacron graft is placed. The graft is sutured to the vessel above and below using monofilament, nonabsorbable suture material, polypropylene 5-zero. ref:SRB;s manual of surgery,ed 3,pg no 170 | train | med_mcqa | null |
TheLab investigation of a patient shows excess T4 and decreased TSH. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis- | [
"Grave's disease",
"Hashimoto's disease",
"Pituitary Failure",
"Hypothalamic failure"
] | A | In Graves' disease, your thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level will probably be very low because the pituitary gland will try to compensate for the excess T3 and T4 hormones in the blood. It'll stop producing TSH in an attempt to stop production of the thyroid hormones. Ref - pubmed.com | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most abundant amino acids found in collagen; | [
"Glycine",
"Proline",
"Hydroxyproline",
"Lysine"
] | A | Most abundant amino acids found in collagen is Glycine Collagen is the most abundant of all human proteins. Around 28 types of collagen are known. Type 1 is most abundant The fold in collagen is because of presence of Glycine. ADDITIONAL READING ON STRUCTURE OF COLLAGEN: Collagen is made up of 3 alpha- chains (not alph... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Post operative radiotherapy in a patient operated for Ca-endometrium is indicated in all of the following EXCEPT: | [
"Deep myometrial invasion",
"Pelvic lymph node involvement",
"Enlarged uterine cavity",
"Poor tumour differentiation"
] | C | Post operative radiotherapy in a patient operated for Ca-endometrium is indicated in: Deep myometrial involvement Grade 3 histology Lympho vascular space invasion extrauterine pelvic disease: adnexal, parametrial involvement Pelvic lymph node metatasis Para aoic lymph nodes Stage III and IV: whole abdomen radiation, bu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The protection against small pox by previous infection with cowpox represents- | [
"Antigenic cross-reactivity",
"Antigenic specificity",
"Passive immunity",
"lnnate immunity"
] | A | Antigenic cross reactivity- Sometimes single antigen stimulates production of variety of antibodies that more or less resemble the correct fit for the antigen. Each of these antibodies may attack different antigens that more or less resemble one another. Cross Reactivity:The ability of an individual AB combining site t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Simple vesicovaginal fistula is having following feature | [
"Supratrigonal",
"Short vaginal length",
"Associated pelvic malignancy",
"Due to pelvic radiation"
] | A | Simple vesicovaginal fistula is located near the cuff (supratrigonal) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acetyl CoA, which cordinates carbohydrate, ketone and fat pathways can be directly conveed to all of the following, except: | [
"Glucose",
"Fatty acids",
"Cholesterol",
"Ketone bodies"
] | A | Acetyl CoA cannot be conveed to glucose. Acetyl CoA cannot be directly conveed to pyruvate on a net basis since the two carbon backbone of acetyl CoA cannot be conveed to oxaloacetate the TCA cycle because two carbons are lost as carbon dioxide. Acetyl CoA has a special central role. It cordinates carbohydrates, ketone... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common cause of death in Kaposi's Sarcoma is - | [
"Dissemination",
"AIDS",
"Massive pulmonary haemorrhage",
"Diabetes mellitus"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Example of anaerobic medium | [
"WIlson Blair medium",
"Mac conkey broth",
"Robeson's cooked meat medium",
"EMB agar"
] | C | Non-selective media used in anaerobic bacteriology: Cooked meat broth (e.g. Robeson's Cooked Meat Medium): Non-selective for the cultivation of anaerobic organisms; with an addition of glucose, can be used for gas-liquid chromatography. Anaerobic blood agar: It is a non-selective medium for isolation of anaerobes and f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Swiping of oral cavity not to be done in foreign body ingestion in children because | [
"Oral cavity small and inability to clear",
"Leads to in adveently pushing of foreign body deep into respiratory system",
"Should be done",
"None of the above"
] | B | Airway obstruction is treated with a sequential approach, staingwith the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver to open and suppo the airway, followed by inspection for a foreign body, and finger-sweep clearance or suctioning if one is visualized. Blind suctioning or finger sweeps of the mouth are not recommended. A nasopharynge... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Specificity of a screening test measures - | [
"True positives",
"False positives",
"False negatives",
"True negatives"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. True negatives Repeat from May 06Sensitivity is the ability of test to identify correctly all those who have the disease, i.e. 'true positives'.Specificity is the ability of a test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease, i.e. 'true negatives'. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A preterm infant showed apnoea at bih associated with bradycardia. Apnoea is defined as cessation of respiration for at least: | [
"2 sec",
"5 sec",
"10 sec",
"20 sec"
] | D | Apnea is defined as a respiratory pause lasting more than 20 seconds--or any pause accompanied by cyanosis and bradycardia. Shoer respiratory pauses associated with cyanosis or bradycardia also qualify as significant apnea, whereas periodic breathing, which is common in full-term and preterm infants, is defined as regu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding Monteggia fracture is: | [
"Upper ulnar fracture & dislocated radial head",
"Upper radial fracture & dislocated ulna",
"Lower radial fracture & dislocated ulna",
"Lower ulnar fracture & dislocated radius"
] | A | : Upper ulnar fracture & dislocated radial head Monteggia fracture-dislocations are classified by the Bado system Bado type I injuries are characterized by a proximal ulnar fracture with anterior dislocation of the radial head. This is due to a forceful pronation injury of the forearm and is the most common type. Bado ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Systemic steroid cause all except - | [
"Hypeension",
"Glaucoma",
"Cataract",
"Osteoporosis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Glaucoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of systemic or disseminated variant of sporotrichosis is | [
"Itraconazole",
"Amphotericin-B",
"Griesofulvin",
"saturated solution of pottasium iodide"
] | B | Sporotrichosis:- Treatment:- : * Lymphocutaneous disease:- itraconazole, terbinafine, saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) * Disseminated infection:- Amphotericin B (AMB). Ref:- Dermatology review by Asra Ali; pg num:-364 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a Longer acting Erythropoietin derivative? | [
"Sargramostim",
"Darbepoetin alfa",
"Dornase alfa",
"Oprelvekin"
] | B | Darbopoietin is a Long acting EPO derivative drug. It has a T1/2 24-36 hrs. So it is given once a week. Epoietin has a half life of 6-10 hrs. Uses - Anemia of chronic renal failure(CRF) Anaemia in AIDS patients treated with Zidovudine. Cancer chemotherapy induced anaemia. Preoperative increased blood production for Aut... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rise in end tidal CO2 during thyroid surgery can be due to all, EXCEPT: | [
"Anaphylaxis",
"Malignant hypehermia",
"Thyroid storm",
"Neuroleptic malignant syndrome"
] | A | The anaphylactic reaction stas within minutes after exposure to a specific antigenis manifested by respiratory distress due to laryngeal edema and intense bronchospasm, thus leading to a fall in end tidal CO2 (question is rise in end tidal volume). This often leads to vascular collapse and shock. Ref: A rational basis ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pretrematic nerve of 1st pharyngeal arch is | [
"Vagus nerve",
"Glossopharyngeal",
"Chorda tympani",
"Trigeminal"
] | C | Pharyngeal Arch Nerves: Nerve of 1st arch - Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve Pretrematic nerve - Chorda tympani & greater petrosal nerves (purely sensory) of facial nerve. Nerve of 2nd arch - Facial nerve Pretrematic nerve - Tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve. Nerve of 3rd arch - Glossopharyngeal nerve Pr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sumatriptan is | [
"5-HT 1D/1B agonists",
"5-HT 1D/1B antagonist",
"5-HT 1A agonist,",
"5-HT 1A antagonist"
] | A | Sumatriptan a 5-HT 1D/1B agonist is used for acute migraine attacks. Buspirone, a 5-HT 1A agonist is an effective nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic. ref - harrisons internal medicine 20e pg3100 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The drug X is used in osteoporosis. Its mechanism of action is shown in the Figure below. X is likely to | [
"Teriparatide",
"Alendronate",
"Denosumab",
"Estrogen"
] | C | New drug for osteoporosis: 1. Teriparatide: PTH with 1-34 amino acid, stimulates osteoblast.2. Strontium ranelate: dual action: stimulate osteoblast and inhibit osteoclast.3. Denosumab: monoclonal antibody against rank ligand. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient experiences paralysis of the muscle that originates from the femur and contributes directly to the stability of the knee joint.Which of the following muscles is involved? | [
"Vastus lateralis",
"Semimembranosus",
"Saorius",
"Biceps femoris (long head)"
] | A | All of them contribute to the stability of the knee joint but The vastus lateralis muscles arise from the femur and all the other muscles originate from the hip (coxal) bone. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Duration of action of flumazenil is: | [
"5 minute",
"10 minute",
"20 minute",
"1-2 hours"
] | D | Flumazenil is absorbed orally ;oral bioavailability is ~16% but its not used orally .On I.v .injection ,action of flumazenil stas in seconds &last for 1-2 hours ;elimination t1/2 is 1 hour due to rapid metabolism. REF: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sweating as a result of exertion is mediated through | [
"Adrenal hormones",
"Sympathetic cholinergic",
"Sympathetic adrenergic",
"Parasympathetic cholinergic"
] | B | Sweat glands have a sympathetic but cholinergic nerve supply. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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