question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Narcolepsy is characterized by? | [
"Increased REM sleep",
"Increased day time sleep",
"Increased night time sleep",
"Normal sleep architecture"
] | B | Ans is 'b' i.e. Increased day time sleep Narcolepsy* This is characterized by excessive day time sleep, often disturbed night time sleep and decreased in the REM sleep.* Age of onset is between 10-20 years.* There is irresistible desire to sleep and bouts of sudden sleep each lasting for 10-30 minutes occurring during ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Therapeutic plasma level of the digoxin is | [
"0.1-0.3 ng/ml",
"0.8-1.5 ng/ml",
"1.2-2 ng/ml",
"More than 2.4 ng/ml"
] | B | Ref-KDT 6/e p497 Digitoxin digoxin Therapeutic plasma concentration 15-30ng/ml 0.5-1.4 ng/ml Toxic plasma concentraton >35 ng/ml >2.5 ng/ml | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fluent Aphasia with preserved comprehension and impaired repetition is: | [
"Broca's",
"Wernicke's",
"Anomie",
"Conduction"
] | D | Answer is D (conduction): Conduction Aphasia is a 'Fluent' Aphasia with preserved comprehension and impaired Repetition. Clinical Syndrome Non-Fluent Aphasias Fluent Aphas'as Features Transcoical Motor Wernicke's Transcoical Sensory Fluent No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Comprehension No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Repeat No ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glass ionomer cements are composed of | [
"Aluminosilicate powder and phosphoric acid",
"Aluminosilicate powder and polyacrylate",
"Zinc oxide powder and phosphoric acid",
"Zinc oxide powder and polyacrylate liquid"
] | B | Glass-ionomer cement is often known as a biomimetic material, because of its similar mechanical properties to dentine.
Synonyms
Poly (alkenoate) cement
GIC (glass ionomer cement)
ASPA (alumino silicate polyacrylic acid)
Ref: Mannapalli ed 3 pg 67 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient has just been admitted to hospital for observation. Based on patient's laboratory results. What is the patient's primary problem?Hematocrit 45%Hemoglobin 16g/dlPlatelets 50×109/L | [
"Hemochromatosis",
"Deep vein thrombosis",
"Hepatic vein thrombosis",
"Recurrent nose bleeds"
] | D | Due to low platelet count of 50×109/L. There is recurrent nose bleeds
Normal platelet count = 1,50,000 - 4,00,000/ L | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inclusion body is seen in - | [
"Rickettsiae",
"Chlamydia",
"Mycoplasma",
"H. Pylori"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gap junctions are found in | [
"Intestine",
"Brain",
"Kidney",
"Cardiac muscles"
] | D | Gap junction forms tunnels that join the cytoplasm of two cells. They permit the substance to pass from one cell to adjacent cells. It also helps in propagation of action potential from one cell to another. (REF: GANONG'S REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pentose pathway produces - | [
"ATP",
"NADPH",
"ADP",
"AcetylCoA"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., NADPH Hexose monophosphate shunt (HMP) or pentose phosphate pathway (PPP)o HMP is an alternative route for the oxidation of glucose (beside glycolysis).o It is also called as "pentose phosphate pathway", "Dickens - Horecker pathway", "Shunt pathway" or "phosphogluconate oxidative pathway".o HMP shunt ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Active and passive immunity should be given together in all except | [
"Tetanus",
"Rabies",
"Measles",
"Hepatitis B"
] | C | Measles may be prevented by administration of immunoglobulin early in the incubation period. The person passively immunized should be given live measles vaccine 8-12 weeks later. The need for immunoglobulin has now reduced because of the availability of an effective live attenuated vaccine (refer pgno 149 park 23 rd ed... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pap smear in pregnancy is : | [
"Contraindicated",
"Not useful",
"Routine, as a pa of screening",
"Done in every patient"
] | C | Routine, as a pa of screening | train | med_mcqa | null |
ARM is contraindicated in: | [
"Placenta pre",
"Hydramnios",
"Accidental Hemorrhage",
"Twins"
] | B | Ans. is b i.e. Hydramnios ARM is a method for inducing and augmenting labour. It involves rupturing the membranes overlying the cervix using a Kocher's forcepdeg. It is applicable when cervix is paially dilated and bishiop score is high Contraindications Intrauterine fetal deathdeg * Maternal AIDS Genital active herpes... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bacitracin sensitivity is used to differentiate ? | [
"Group A Streptococcus from staphylococci",
"Group A streptococcus from other Beta hemolytic streptococci",
"Group A streptococcus from Gamma hemolytic streptococci.",
"Group A streptococcus from Alpha hemolytic streptococci"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Group A streptococcus from other Beta hemolytic streptococci The bacitracin susceptibility test is used to distinguish Group A streptococci, from other streptococci. This test is used to determine the effect of small amount of bacitracin (0.04U) on an organism. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anticholinergic drug used in parkinsonism - | [
"Benzhexol",
"Beneserazide",
"Pirenzepine",
"Atropine"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Benzhexol Drugs for parkinsonasm|||Increasing brain dopaminergic activityDecreasing brain cholinergic activityo Dopamine precursor - Levodopao Periphera decarboxylase inhibitors - Carbidopa, Benserazideo Dopaminergic agonists - Bromocriptine, Ropinirole. Pramipexal, Ritigotineo MAO-B inhibitor - Seleg... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of atypical depression? | [
"TCAs are better than MAO and SSRI for treatment",
"Variable Mood responding to positive stimulus in surroundings",
"Increased sleep and weight gain",
"Marked fatigue and heaviness in the body"
] | A | (a) TCAs are better than MAO and SSRI for treatmentRef: Complete review of psychiatry by Dr. Prashant Agrawal, ed., 2018, ch - 3, pg. 60Atypical depression as a biologically distinct subtype of depression has been suggested by its superior response to MAOIs compared to TCAs and from cerebral laterality, as well from ge... | train | med_mcqa | null |
WHO guidelines to decrease both coronary heart disease and diabetes, triple treatment involves | [
"Healthy diet, regular physical exercise, avoiding tobacco",
"Lipid lowering drug, avoid tobacco, poly pill",
"Decreased salt intakes, poly pill, vegetarian diet",
"Healthy diet, regular physical exercise, Decreased salt intakes"
] | D | (D) Healthy diet, regular physical exercise,Decreased salt intakes # Tripple treatment:1. Dietary changes: Dietary modification is the principal preventive strategy in the prevention of CHD. The WHO Expert Committee considered the following dietary changes to be appropriate for high incidence populations: reduction of ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Black water fever is caused by | [
"Kalaazar",
"P.falciparum",
"P.Vivax",
"Leishmaniasis"
] | B | Ans. b (Plasmodium falciparum). (Ref. Harrison, Principle of Medicine, 18th ed./Chapter 210. Malaria)Black water fever is caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Bloody urine (hemoglobinuria) occurs as a complication of falciparum malaria infection. It results from destraction of RBCs & release of hemoglobin. It occurs most c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following is always an indication of cesarean section except: | [
"Attention placentae",
"Untreated stage of 1b Ca cervix",
"Active primary genital herpes",
"Type IV placenta pre(major pre)"
] | A | Cesarean section is not indicated in all cases of situation placentae. In carcinoma cervix, vaginal delivery should not be allowed because of cervical dystocia and injuries Cesarean section is indicated in an active primary genital HSV infection where the membranes are intact or recently ruptured In severe degree of pl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Increased LDH in Aqueous Humor suggest a diagnosis of- | [
"Galactosemia",
"Retinoblastoma",
"Glaucoma",
"Gyrate atrophy"
] | B | *LDH of aqueous humor is often used as a marker for retinoblastoma. Ref: Khurana 7th/e p.314. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The differences between the liver and muscle in the glucose utilization from blood are due to the different regulatory propeies of: | [
"Hexokinase",
"Pyruvate kinase",
"Phosphoglucomutase",
"Aldolase"
] | A | Glucokinase is an isozyme of hexokinase in the liver. It has a different affinity to glucose and different regulatory propeies. Muscle hexokinase is inhibited by its product, glucose-6-phosphate, while glucokinase in the liver is inhibited by fructose-6-phosphate. In the last case, the inhibition involves an additional... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Absolute contraindication of combined oral contraceptive pill is - | [
"Epilepsy",
"Obesity",
"Smoking 10 cigars/day",
"Active liver disease"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Active liver disease Contraindications of OCPs (WHO guidelines) Absolute : (1) Thromboembolism event, cerebrovascular accident, coronary aery disease, (2) Breast cancer, (3) DM (> 20 years duration), (4) Impending major surgery, (5) Hyperlipidemia, (6) Pregnancy, (7) Lactation (< 6 weeks post paum), (... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sympathetic ophthalmitis results due to- | [
"Penetrating injury of ciliary body",
"Uveitis",
"Glaucoma",
"Trachoma"
] | A | *Dalen Fuch's nodules are seen in sympathetic ophthalmitis. It is granulomatous condition caused by injury to ciliary body. Ref: Khurana 7th/e p.455 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In primary pulmonary hypeension, basic abnormality in gene lies in | [
"Bone morphogenic protein receptor II",
"Endothelin",
"Homebox gene",
"PAX - 11"
] | A | Decreased expression of the voltage-regulated potassium channel, mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein-2 receptor, increased tissue factor expression, overactivation of the serotonin transpoer, transcription factor activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha, and activation of nuclear factor of activated T cel... | train | med_mcqa | null |
H. pylori is known to cause all of the following except: | [
"Gastric ulcer",
"Duodenal ulcer",
"Gastric lymphoma",
"Fundal atrophic gastritis"
] | D | Answer is D (Fundal atrophic gastritis): Gastritis due to H. pylori infection is predominantly Antral, not fundal. Antral gastritis is associated with DU formation. Gastritis involving the corpus is also seen and this predisposes to development of gastric ulcer, gastric atrophy and ultimately gastric carcinoma. Fundal ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Direct standardization is used to compare the moality rates between two countries. This is done because of the difference in? | [
"Causes of death,",
"Numerators",
"Age distributions",
"Denominators"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Age distribution Adjusted or standardized rates o Standardization (or adjustment) of rates is used to unable the valid comparison of groups that differ regarding an impoant health determinant (most commonly age). o For example, if we want to compare the death rates of two different populations with di... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most frequent cause of neonatal thrombocytopenic purura is – | [
"Infection",
"Drug idiosyncrasy",
"Large haemangiomas",
"Erythroblastosis"
] | A | Amongst the given options, only infection causes neonatal thrombocytopenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most commonly lesion associated with pathological fracture in hand is - | [
"Enchondroma",
"Metastases",
"Osteoid osteoma",
"Osteochondroma"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Enchondroma Pathological fractures in hand* In hand pathological fractures are most commonly associated with benign bone tumors.* About 23 % of the bone tumors in hand present with pathological fractures.* The average age of presentation is 37 years.* The most common bone affected is the proximal phal... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Singular nerve is a - | [
"Superior vestibular nerve supplying posterior semicircular canal",
"Inferior vestibular nerve supplying post semicircular canal",
"Superior vestibular nerve supplying anterior semicircular canal",
"Interior vestibular nerve supplying anterior semicircular canal"
] | B | As discussed in the preceding text, singular nerve is a branch of inferior vestibular nerve which supplies the posterior semicircular canal. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Metabolically active layer of cornea is: | [
"Endothelium",
"Stroma",
"Descernets membrane",
"Epithelium"
] | A | A i.e. Endothelium | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fetal sex can be detected by USG at | [
"20 weeks",
"16 weeks",
"18 weeks",
"14 weeks"
] | D | Male development is completed by 12 weeks and female development by 15 weeks
By 28 weeks,the testis descends to the internal inguinal ring.By 36 weeks, one testis and by 38-40 weeks both testes descend into scrotum
In female, the genital tubercle becones clitoris, the genital folds become the labia minora and the genit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
GFR will be increased if: | [
"Increased hydrostatic pressure in Bowman's capsule",
"Decreased oncotic pressure in glomerular capillaries",
"Increased oncotic pressure in glomerular capillaries",
"Decreased hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries"
] | B | Starling's forces acting at the glomerulus are as follows : (1) Factors oring filtration - Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure - If it decreases, GFR would decrease. (Option D) Bowman's capsule oncotic pressure (2) Factors opposing filtration - Plasma colloid oncotic pressure - If this pressure decreases, GFR wou... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Brugada syndrome is associated with | [
"Left Bundle Branch Block",
"Left Anterior Fascicular block",
"Left posterior Fascicular block",
"Right bundle Branch block"
] | D | Mutations involving car- diac sodium channels are identified in approximately 25% of cases. Distinction from patients with similar ST elevation owing to LV hyperophy, pericarditis, myocardial ischemia or MI hyperkalemia, hypothermia, right bundle branch block, and ARVC is often difficult Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 14... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Child-Pugh's criteria does not include - | [
"Encephalopathy",
"Ascites",
"Albumin",
"Creatinine"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Creatinine | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enzyme deficiency in Von Gierke disease is | [
"Glycogen synthase",
"Glucose-6-phosphatase",
"Branching enzyme",
"Muscle phosphorylase"
] | B | Type Name Enzyme Deficiency Clinical Features Ia Von Gierke disease Glucose-6-phosphatase Glycogen accumulation in liver and renal tubule cells Hypoglycemia Lactic acidemia Ketosis Hyperlipidemia Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Table: 18-2; Page no: 179 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following multiple lesions are not seen? | [
"Enchondroma",
"Osteoid osteoma",
"Fibrous dysplasia",
"GCT"
] | B | Osteoid osteoma: Zone of sclerosis surrounding a radiolucent pa is seen POLYOSTOTIC BONE LESIONS Fibrous dysplasia Enchondroma Osteochondroma Ewing's sarcoma Giant cell tumor (Goltz syndrome) Metastasis Multiple myeloma Bone infarction Osteomyelitis | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the action of marked muscle: | [
"Supination of the forearm and flexion of the elbow",
"Flexion & Adduction of Shoulder joint",
"Protraction of scapula forward around the thorax",
"None of the above"
] | C | Ans. C. Protraction of scapula forward around the thoraxa. The muscle marked is Serratus anterior, it originates by nine or ten slips from either the first to ninth ribs or the first to eighth ribs. Because two slips usually arise from the second rib, the number of slips is greater than the number of ribs from which th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rise in BBT after ovulation is by : | [
"0.5 degree Fahrenheit",
"1.0 degree Fahrenheit",
"0.5 degree Celsius",
"1.0 degree Celsius"
] | A | Ans:A.)0.5 degree Fahrenheit. Before ovulation, there is only a small amount of progesterone present in your body and your basal body temperatures (your resting temperatures) are in the lower range. After ovulation, when there is increased progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum, temperatures become elevated. The ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents to you with pain and swelling in the vagina. On examination you find a bluish bulge on the posterior vaginal wall behind the cervix. The history reveals that the swelling enlarges and becomes more painful with approaching menses. What is your diagnosis? | [
"Ganer's duct cyst",
"Inclusion cyst",
"Baholins cyst",
"Endometriotic cyst"
] | D | Ganer's duct cyst arises from the remnants of mesonephric duct and lies on the anterolateral aspect of vaginal wall. It is often asymptomatic. Baholin's cyst protrudes into the lower pa of vagina and becomes painful when infected. Endometriotic cyst may be bluish in colour with increase in pain and size near menses. A ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A lady primigravida developed fluctuant painful mass of breast and fever after 14 days of delivery. Preferred treatment option is:- | [
"Stop lactation",
"Analgesics and continue breast feeding",
"Antipyretic",
"Incision and drainage"
] | D | Breast Abscess- MC in lactating females- MC in Primi females - because of faulty technique of breast feeding, injury to nipple by which the staph aureus from the overlying skin penetrates to produce breast abscess.- MC organism responsible is Staph Aureus Clinical features- pain & tenderness over the affected breast- F... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trauma and Injury Severity score (TRISS) includes | [
"GCS + BP+RR",
"S+ISS+Age",
"S+ISS+GCS",
"S+GCS+BP"
] | B | TRISS methadology is impoant because it attempts to combine the Revised trauma score (S),physiologic component of injuryand the Injury severity score (ISS), anatomic component of injury. It also incorporates patient&;s age. Reference: Greenfield&;s Surgery - Scientific Principles & Practices, 5th edition, Page no :390-... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Butchers' was are caused by: | [
"HPV 2",
"HPV 6",
"HPV 27",
"HPV 56"
] | A | Occupational handlers of meat, poultry or fish have a high incidence of hand was where the skin is in prolonged contact with moist animal flesh. HPV-2 is frequently found in butchers' was, but HPV-7 is present in a third to a half of lesions. Ref: Rook's textbook of dermatology, 8th edition, Pg 33.47 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common organism cultured from Acute Osteomyelitis is: | [
"Gonococcus.",
"Staphylococcus aureus.",
"Staphylococcus albicans.",
"Streptococci."
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fast muscle fibers are? | [
"Red",
"Oxidative",
"Tonic",
"Glycolytic"
] | D | Ans. is'd'i.e., Glycolytic(Ref: Principles of medicalphysiolog p. 512)TYPES OF MUSCLE FIBERS:Two fibers types:Type I/red fibersType II/white fibers.Motor unit contains only one muscle fibers type:I.e., All motor unit fibers are either type-I or type II.Hence, named accordingly.CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCLE FIBER TYPES:Para... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following condition improves with pregnancy? | [
"Multiple sclerosis",
"SLE",
"Myasthenia gravis",
"Rheumatoid ahritis"
] | D | Over 75% of rheumatoid ahritis patients repo improvement of symptoms in pregnancy. Generally, the autoimmune disease worsens/ same severity during pregnancy. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pigmentation in the liver is caused by all except- | [
"Lipofuscin",
"Pseudomelanin",
"Wilson's disease",
"None"
] | D | Ans. is 'None'Pigmentation in liver is caused by following conditions :o Lipofuscin : It is a insoluble pigment known as lipochrome and wear and tear pigment.It is seen in cell & undergoing low, regressive changes and is paicularly prominent in liver and hea of aging patient or pt. with severe malnutrition and cancer c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Meyers Kouwenaar syndrome is a synonym for - | [
"Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia",
"Larva migrans",
"Occult filariasis",
"Cutaneous allergic reactions to Ascariasis"
] | C | Occult FilariasisThis term is applied to clinical conditions not directly due to lymphatic involvement, but to hypersensitivity reactions to filarial antigens. Here microfilariae are not seen in blood but may be present at the affected sites. The condition may be caused by Wuchereria, Brugia or by some animal filaria a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
AH of the following are components of Epidemiological triad except - | [
"Environment",
"Agent",
"Host",
"Manpower"
] | D | Epidemiological triad
The occurrence and manifestations of any disease, whether communicable or noncommunicable, are determined by the interaction of following three factors.
The agent
The host
The environment
These three factors together constitute the epidemiological triad.
Mere presence of these factors does ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In standing position, Venous return to hea from lower limbs is affected by all of the following except: | [
"Competant valves",
"Deep fascia",
"Aerial pressure",
"Contraction of calf muscles"
] | C | Aerial pressure Factors affecting venous return from lower limbs:a. Muscle contraction- Venous return from lower limb depends largely on muscular activity, especially contraction of the calf muscles, known as the 'calf pump'II Deep fascia - Efficiency of muscular pump is aided by the tight sleeve of deep fascia (deep f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
ADAMTS 13 is associated with: | [
"TTP",
"Churg Strauss",
"Wegener",
"Membranous nephropathy"
] | A | Ans. a. TTPThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disorder of hemostasis in which there is widespread intravascular formation of fibrin-platelet thrombi.It is sometimes associated with an acquired or inherited deficiency of the enzyme ADAMTS 13, responsible for cleaving large multimers of von Willebrand fa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Deep peroneal nerve doesn't supply - | [
"Tibialis anterior",
"Extensor hallucis longus",
"Extensor digitorum longus",
"Peroneus brevis"
] | D | Muscles of anterior compartment of leg are supplied by deep peroneal nerve.
Muscles of lateral compartment of leg (Peroneus longus, peroneus brevis) are supplied by superficial peroneal nerve. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy used esophageal carcinoma | [
"Doxorubicin",
"Cisplatin",
"5-Fu-Leucovarin",
"Mitomycin C"
] | B | Neoadjuvant chemotherapyNeoadjuvant chemotherapy is the administration of therapeutic agents before the main treatment.Neoadjuvant therapy aims to:Reduce the size or extent of cancer.Makes procedures easier and more likely to succeed.Reduces the consequences of a more extensive treatment.Single agent chemotherapyCombin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diabetes mellitus associated with | [
"↑ HDL",
"↑Triglycerides",
"↓Triglycerides",
"↓ Cholesterol"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sternum attached to scapula via: | [
"Manubrium",
"First rib",
"Second rib",
"Clavicle"
] | D | Ans. D ClavicleRef: Gray's Anatomy 41st ed. P 799-800* Clavicle/collar bone is the connection between sternum and scapula* Sternal/Medial end: Attaches to manubrium of sternum and first coastal cartilage* Acromial end/Lateral end: Attaches to acromion on scapula - supports shoulder Sternoclavicular jointAcromioclavicul... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Locking of knee joint can be caused by | [
"Osgood shalter",
"Loose body in knee joint",
"Tuberculosis of knee",
"Medial meniscal paial tear"
] | B | Locking of knee can be caused by loose bodies.impoant causes for loose bodies in the knee are : 1.non- traumatic - as in TB ahritis,rheumatoid ahritis, osteoahritis , osteochondritis dissecans, synol chondromatosis, hemahrosis& hemophilia 2.traumatic : intraaicular fracture ,meniscal injuries, organized hemahrosis , de... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A new born child presents with inveed foot and the dorsum of the foot cannot touch the anterior tibia. The most probable diagnosis is | [
"Congenital veical talus",
"Ahrogryposis multiplex",
"Congenital talipes equino varus",
"Flat foot"
] | C | Examination of CTEV(Clubfoot) Normally the foot of a newborn child can be Dorsi flexed until the dorsum touches the anterior aspect of the shin of the tibia. This is a good screening test for detecting milder variety of club foot. Classic findings Bilateral foot deformity in 60% cases Size of the foot smaller Foot is i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
False statement regarding the procedure shown below is: | [
"Used to treat high grade CIN",
"Uses freeze thaw freeze technique",
"Destroys dysplastic epithelium upto a depth of 5mm",
"It is an OPD procedure"
] | A | Ans. A. Used to treat high grade CINa. The figure is showing a cryoprobe on the cervix while cryotherapy is being performed.b. It is an ablative procedure used for persistent CIN1. (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia)c. Useful for lesions involving the ectocervix onlyd. It is an OPD procedure and can be done under usua... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Addison's disease drug to be given is | [
"Hydrocoisone",
"Betamethasone",
"Prednisolone",
"DOCA"
] | A | Refer KDT 6/e p 283 In chronic adrenal insufficiency or Addinsons disease, hydrocoisone given orally IA the drug of choice Hydrocoisone is a glucocoicoid with maximum mineralocoicoid action | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kamli Rani, 75-years -old woman present with post myocardial infarction after 6 weeks mild CHF. There was past H/O neck surgery for parathyroid adenoma 5 years ago, ECG shows slow atrial fibrillation. Serum Ca2+ 13.0 mg/L and urinary Ca2+ is 300 mg/24 hr. On examination there is small mass in the Para tracheal position... | [
"Repeat neck surgery",
"Treatment with technetium-99",
"Observation and repeat serum Ca2+ in two months",
"Ultrasound-guided alcohol injection of the mass"
] | D | Patient is a case of recurrent hyperparathyroidism, as she was operated previously for parathyroid adenoma. In the setting of recent myocardial infarction, CHF and atrial fibrillation, any operation carries a high risk. Ultrasound-guided alcohol injection in the mass is preferred in this setting. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Manifestation of nephritic syndrome is- | [
"Syphilis",
"Hypotension",
"Hematuria",
"Plyuria"
] | C | In acute nephritic syndrome, 1-2g/24 hr of proteinuria. Hematuria with rbc casts pyuria hypeension, fluid retention Rise in serum creatinine associated with reduction in GFR. Ref:Harrison 20 th edition pg no 2134. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hemangiopericytoma resembles: | [
"Hemangioma",
"Glomous tumour",
"Ewings tumour",
"Plasmacytorna"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment option for keratoconus includes: | [
"Spectacles",
"Contact lens",
"Kerotoplasty",
"ALL"
] | D | A. i.e. Spectacles; B. i.e. Contact lens; C. i.e. Keratoplasty | train | med_mcqa | null |
Amplitude of accommodative convergence is: | [
"Altered by weak cycloplegics",
"Altered by lenses and prisms",
"Decreased in older people",
"Altered by ohoptics"
] | A | Ans. Altered by weak cycloplegics | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following poisoning is dimercaprol (BAL) contraindicated? | [
"Cadmium",
"Organic mercury",
"Lead",
"Arsenic"
] | A | Dimercaprol will increase the excretion of cadmium, there is a concomitant increase in renal cadmium concentration, so that its use in case of cadmium toxicity is to be avoided. Dimercaprol also enhances the toxicity of selenium and tellurium, so it is not to be used to remove these elements from the body. Ref: Gunnar ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with grandmal epilepsy would likely be under treatment with: | [
"Meprobamate",
"Pentobarbital",
"Trimethadione",
"Phenytoin"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45 year old male met with road traffic accident & sustained severe head injury. Later he develops pituitary insufficiency & is staed on thyroid hormone, testosterone, glucocoicoids, and vasopressin. All of the following can be found in this patient because of growth hormone deficiency EXCEPT: | [
"Abnormal lipid profile",
"Atherosclerosis",
"Increased bone mineral density",
"Increased waist-to-hip ratio"
] | C | Increased bone mineral density is not seen in GH deficiency Features of growth hormone deficiency are: Clinical Imaging Laboratory Increased body fat mass Decreased lean body mass Increased waist-to-hip ratio Impaired cardiac structure & function Impaired lipid profile Atherosclerosis Decreased fibrinolytic activity Pi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following vaccine is developed by Louis Pasteur? | [
"Anthrax",
"Rabies",
"Chicken cholera",
"All of the above"
] | D | Pasteur's contributions: Pasteur proved that all forms of life, even microbes, arose only from their like and not de novo. Introduced techniques of sterilization and developed steam sterilizer, hot-air oven and autoclave Developed vaccines against anthrax, rabies, chicken cholera Ref: Textbook of Microbiology By Ananth... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs for moderate-to-severe psoriasis inhibits both IL-12 and IL23? | [
"Alefacept",
"Efalizumab",
"Ustekinumab",
"Abatacept"
] | C | Alefacept is anti CD-2 for psoriasis
Efalizumab is anti CD-11a for psoriasis
Ustekinumab targets the p40 subunit of both IL-12 and IL-23 in psoriasis
Abatacept is anti CD-80 and CD-86 for severe RA | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is role of Mallampati classification in preanesthetic evaluation? | [
"To identify difficulty in ventilation",
"To identify difficulty in intubation",
"To identify difficulty in both ventilation & intubation",
"To identify cardiac risk with surgery"
] | B | Mallampati classification is preanesthetic evaluation of difficulty in Intubation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cryoprecipitate contains all except- | [
"Factor VIII",
"Factor IX",
"Fibrinogen",
"VWF"
] | B | Answer is B (Factor IX) Cryoprecipitate is not a source for factor IX Cryoprecipitate is a source for Fibrinogens' Factor VII1Q vwFQ Cryoprecipitate also contains factor XIII (I), and fibroructin Cryoprecipitate is ideal for supplying fibrinogen to the volume deficient patient Cryoprecipitate is indicated for factor VI... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 17 year old primigravida asks you what to expect during her pregnancy. You tell her that normally during pregnancy: | [
"Blood volume increases",
"Hematocrit Increases",
"Respiratory Title Volume Decreases",
"Pulmonary functional residual capacity increases"
] | A | During pregnancy many physiological changes take place in a mother's body. Maternal blood volume increases up to 40% due to elevated testosterone and estrogen levels. Bone marrow production of erythrocytes also increases, but does not keep up with the plasma volume expansion, resulting in a decrease in hematocrit (phys... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an X-linked mucopolysaccharidoses? | [
"Hurler's syndrome",
"Hunter's syndrome",
"Scheie's syndrome",
"Sanfilippo's syndrome"
] | B | All mucopolysaccharidoses are autosomal recessive except Hunter's disease which is inherited as X-linked recessive. | train | med_mcqa | null |
KF ring has deposition of which of the following in the Descemet’s membrane? | [
"Copper",
"Arsenic",
"Iron",
"Mercury"
] | A | Kayser-Fleischer (KF) ring → Copper deposition in Chalcosis or Wilson’s disease Fleischer ring
→ Deposition of iron and is a sign of keratoconus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Recurrent laryngeal nerve is in close association with? | [
"Superior thyroid aery",
"Inferior thyroid aery",
"Middle thyroid vein",
"Superior thyroid vein"
] | B | Ans. is (b) i.e. Inferior thyroid aery Inferior thyroid aery is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk. During its course it passes behind the carotid sheath and the middle cervical sympathetic ganglion and its terminal pa is related to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. More Questions about aerial supply of the thyroid gland... | train | med_mcqa | null |
'Hand and Foot' syndrome can be caused by : | [
"Cisplatin",
"Vincristine",
"Capecitabine",
"Mitomycin-C"
] | C | 5-FU, capecitabine and liposomal doxorubicin can cause hand and foot syndrome. Generally, this disease affects infants and children. Adults with immunodeficiency can also be affected. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In idiopathic basal ganglia calcification, structure most often calcified | [
"Caudate nucleus",
"Putamen",
"Globus pallidus",
"Striatum"
] | C | Structure most often calcified - Globus pallidus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of choice of bipolar mood disorder? | [
"Fluexitine",
"Imipramine",
"Lithium",
"Chlorpromazine"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lithium Treatment of bipolar disorder "Lithium carbonate is the mainstay of treatment in bipolar disorder, although sodium valproate and olanzapine are equally effictive in acute mania, as is lamotrigine in the depressed phase" - Harrison. Other drugs used in bipolar disorder Carbamazepine --> Used fo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Curschmann spirals and flattening of diaphragm is seen in: | [
"Asthma",
"COPD",
"Silicosis",
"Pulmonary embolism"
] | A | Ans. (a) AsthmaRef: Harrison 19th ed. /1675* Flattening of diaphragm is seen with obstructive airway diseases due to the process of air trapping.* The point that clinches the diagnosis in favor of asthma is the curschmann spirals which represent the cast of the airways formed by mucus plugs in small airways in these pa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A psychiatric patient taking medication develops tremor, thyroid enlargement and leukocytosis. Drug implicated is: | [
"Clomipramine",
"Haloperidol",
"Lithium",
"Olanzapine"
] | C | Ans. C. LithiumLithium is mood stabilizer which is drug of choice for bipolar syndrome. It causes tremor, nephrotoxicity, hypothyroidism and Ebstein anomaly. Typical antipsychotics like haloperidol causes EPS and atypical antipsychotics weight gain, hyperglycemia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
During autopsy for virology study which agent is used for storing tissue - | [
"Sodium chloride",
"Alcohol",
"Spirit",
"50% glycerin"
] | D | In autopsy in virological disease universal work precautions have to be followed and specimens are stored in 50% glycerine. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27 th edition pg. 60. | train | med_mcqa | null |
False -ve hydrostatic test in live born fetus is for | [
"Atelectasis",
"Meconium aspiration",
"Emphysema",
"Putrefaction"
] | A | A i.e. Atelectasis Hydrostatic (Raygat's) test is false negative in atelectasis & disease like acute pulmonary edema, pheumonia & congenital syphilis etcQ | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chronic kidney disease is defined as the presence of a diminished GFR for at least | [
"1month",
"3months",
"6months",
"12months"
] | B | Chronic kidney disease (previously called chronic renal failure) is defined as the presence of a diminished GFR that is persistently less than 60 mL/minute/1.73 m2 for at least 3 months, from any cause, and/or persistent albuminuria.It may present with clinically silent decline in renal excretory function in milder for... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sclerosis of bone is seen in all except: | [
"Flurosis",
"Osteopetrosis",
"Secondaries from prostate",
"Hyperparathyroidism"
] | D | Ans: d (Hyperparathyroidism)Ref: Apley's, 8th ed, p. 125, 147-148, 194, 123 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Third generation IUCD ? | [
"Mirena",
"Nova-T",
"Lippe's loop",
"CuT-200"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mirena | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50 Yr. old male presents with obstructive symptoms. Biopsy of stomach reveals Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Most appropriate marker for GIST is | [
"CD 34",
"CD 117",
"CD 30",
"CD 10"
] | B | .* GIST arises from interstitial cell of Cajal (pacemaker cell which intercalates between smooth muscle cells and intramural neurons). Mutation of tyrosine kinase and platelet derived growth factor alpha (PDGFa) are the newer pathogenetic theories. * GIST is classified as very low risk (2 cm); low risk (2-5 cm); interm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Abatacept is ? | [
"TNF alpha inhibitor",
"Inhibitor of co-stimulation of T cells",
"IL-1 receptor antagonist",
"Monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Inhibitor of co-stimulation of T cells T-cell costimulatory blockers Abatacept It is a fusion protein that combines the extracellular domain of the molecule CTLA4 (CD 154) with the Fc poion of a human immunoglobulin. It interferes with the interactions between antigen presenting cells and T lymphocyte... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acute uraemic syndrome causes disturbance in | [
"Affect",
"Consciousness",
"Thought",
"Memory"
] | B | (B) Consciousness # Clinical Abnormalities in Uremiaa> Neuromuscular disturbances Fatigue Sleep disorders Headache Impaired mentation Lethargy Asterixis Muscular irritability Peripheral neuropathy Restless legs syndrome Paralysis Myoclonus Seizures Coma Muscle cramps Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome Myopathy | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with microcytic hypochromic anaemia shows reduced total serum iron, percentage saturation of serum transferrin, TIBC and increased levels of serum ferritin. What is the diagnosis? | [
"Iron deficiency anaemia",
"Anaemia of chronic disease",
"Sideroblastic anaemia",
"Pernicious anaemia"
] | B | Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia Caused by:-
Sideroblastic anemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Thalassemia
Anemia of chronic disease
Macrocytic Anemia Caused by:
Alcoholic Liver disease
Hypothyroidism
Megaloblastic anemia (Folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency) • Anemia by Cytotoxic drugs like methotrexate or other drugs phe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
PUVA therapy is used in : | [
"Psoriasis",
"Lichen planus",
"Freckles",
"Melasma"
] | A | FDA approved indications of PUVA are vitiligo and psoriasis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the most impoant prognostic factor in breast cancer? | [
"Histological grade of the tumor",
"Stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis",
"Status of estrogen and progesterone receptors",
"Over expression of p-53 tumour suppressor gene"
] | B | Components of tumor staging include major prognostic factors such as tumor size, invasion of the tumor, nodal involvement, distant metastases, inflammation and local features. Hence, stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis is a better predictor of prognosis. Ref: Bailey and Love's Sho Practice of Surgery, 24th Edit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Functions of complement include all except- | [
"Chemotaxis",
"Opsonization",
"Celllysis",
"Antigen presentation"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Antigen presentationPhysiological actions of complement componentso C5a, C3a, to a lasser extent C4a - are called anaphylotoxin because they have effects similar to those of mast cell mediators that are involved in the reaction called anaphylaxis. These effects are due to stimulation of histamine rele... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Streptococcal vaginitis in a child is treated with : | [
"Systemic penicillin",
"Local gentian violet",
"Estrogens",
"Penicillin and estrogens"
] | D | Penicillin and estrogens | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following antiviral drugs used in chicken pox EXCEPT | [
"Acyclovir",
"Famciclovir",
"Valacyclovir",
"Nivirapine"
] | D | (Nevirapine) (1044-H) (1104-5-HI7lh)Nevirapine (Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) used in AIDSTreatment of chicken pox & Herpes Zoster* Acyclovir (800 mg by mouth five times daily for 5-7 days) is recommended for adolescent and adult with chicken pox of < 24 hours duration* Famciclovir - the prodrug of p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not associated with renal cell carcinoma | [
"A. Polycythemia",
"B. Amyloidosis",
"C. Cushing syndrome",
"D. Hypeension"
] | C | Ideal ans is none. But renal cell carcinoma produce number of para neoplastic syndrome, ascribed to abnormal harmone production, including polycythemia, hypercalcemia, hypeension ,Cushing syndrome, eosinophillic ,amyloidosis etc | train | med_mcqa | null |
Spermatogenesis | [
"Starts at birth",
"Maximum in 37degC",
"Occurs in seminiferous tubules",
"Time required for a spermatogonium to develop into mature spermatozoan is 6 weeks"
] | C | i.e. (Occurs in seminiferous tubules): (11-12-IBS-Embryology 8th)Spermatozoa are formed in the walls of the seminiferous tubules of the testesSPERMATOGENESIS - formation of gametes (spermatozoa) takes only during the reproductive periods which begins at the age of puberty (12 to 16 years) and continue even though old a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Osler's nodes are seen at : | [
"Hea",
"Knee joint",
"Tip of Palm & Sole",
"Anterior abdominal wall"
] | C | Answer is C (Tip of palms and soles) Osler's nodes are painful tender nodules in the pulp of fingers and soles, seen in patient of infective endocarditis. Lesions seen in infective endocarditis that merit attention are : Osler's nodes : Painful tender pea size erythematous nodules in the pulp offinger and sole. - Occur... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Plasma membrane is freely permeable to - | [
"Glucose",
"Urea",
"Glycerol",
"Alcohol"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Alcoholo As the major middle portion of membrane (core of the membrane) is formed by hydrophobic region of phospholipids, this portion is impermeable to the usual water-soluble substances, such as ions, glucose and urea.o Conversely, fat-soluble substances, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and alcohol,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most sensitive investigation for the diagnosis of asymptomatic Chlamydial infection is: | [
"Ligase Chain Reaction",
"Serodiagnosis",
"Iodine Staining",
"Culture"
] | A | Ligase chain reaction (LCR) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the most sensitive NAA methods. Isolation of C trachomatis has been the gold standard for diagnosis, but it is clear that it is less sensitive than specific nucleic acid amplification (NAA) assays. Culture is usually performed using idoxuridine or cyclo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
T.U.R. (transurethral resection) syndrome is due to | [
"Hyponatremia",
"Hypokalemia",
"Hypovolaemia",
"Hypoxia"
] | A | TUR syndrome and water intoxication syndrome are same. They are caused due to dilutional hyponatremia. Ref : Bailey & Love 25/e p1352 | train | med_mcqa | null |
For the treatment of basal cell carcinoma, popular surgery which is carried out is: | [
"Mohs surgery",
"Laser surgery",
"Cryosurgery",
"None of the above"
] | A | Mohs surgery is very popular for basal cell carcinoma.
Basal cell carcinoma
Head and neck lesions with a high risk for recurrence often are treated by Mohs micrographic surgery. This technique uses intraoperative, frozen-section evaluation of specially mapped and marked surgical specimens to ensure complete tumor remov... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following finger is having two dorsal interossei muscles: | [
"Index finger",
"Little finger",
"Middle finger",
"Ring finger"
] | C | Ans. (c) Middle FingerRef: Grays Anatomy 41st Ed; Page No- 884* The four dorsal interossei muscles are bipennate in nature.* They are larger in size compare to palmar interossei.* They are arising from the adjacent sides of two metacarpal bones.* First two attach to radial side of proximal phalanx of index and middle f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
High dose radiotherapy causes pancreatic - | [
"Acinar dificiency",
"Islets of Langerhans deficiency",
"A +B",
"None"
] | A | Acinar cells are radiosensitive while islets are relatively radioresistant | train | med_mcqa | null |
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