question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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A 26-year-old man has had difficulty breathing through his nose for 3 years, but this problem has become progressively worse over the past 2 months. Physical examination shows glistening, translucent, polypoid masses filling the nasal cavities. Histologic examination of the excised masses shows respiratory mucosa overl... | [
"Elevated serum hemoglobin A1c level",
"Increased serum IgE level",
"Nuclear staining for Epstein-Barr virus antigens",
"Positive ANA test result"
] | B | Inflammatory nasal polyps can be associated with recurrent allergic rhinitis, a form of type I hypersensitivity often called hay fever. Type I hypersensitivity is associated with high IgE levels in the serum. The elevated hemoglobin A1c level indicates diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is not a risk factor for polyp formatio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A down syndrome child is mentally retarded. All cytogenetic abnormalities may occurs except ? | [
"Deleted 21",
"Trisomy 21",
"Robesonia translocation",
"Mosaic"
] | A | In approximately 95% cases down syndrome is due to presence of 3 copies of chromosome 21. Approximately 1% cases with trisomy 21 are mosaics . Another 4% have a translocation that involves chromosome 21. Majority of translocation are fusions at the centromere between chromosome 13,14,15,21, and 22 known as robesonial t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Central Chemoreceptors are most sensitive to which of the following changes in blood? | [
"|p CO2",
"|p CO2",
"|H +",
"|p O2"
] | A | Central chemoreceptors are stimulated mainly by the |H+ concentration caused by increased pCO2 levels. Since H+ cannot easily cross the blood brain barrier, increase in the blood H+ concentration have little effect in stimulating central chemo receptors. Increase in blood p CO2 causes CO2 to diffuse the blood brain bar... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rain drop hyperpigmentation seen in: | [
"Organic lead",
"Inorganic lead",
"Inorganic arsenic",
"Arsenic gas"
] | C | Ans. c. Inorganic arsenicSIGN AND SYMPTOMS IN CHRONIC ARSENIC POISONINGSystemSign and SymptomsSkin and Nails*. Raindrop pigmentation (Speckled brown pigmentation, mostly on the skin flexure, temples, shoulders, eyelids and neck)*. Leucomelanosis (Macular areas of depigmentation may appear on normal/ hyperpigmented skin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fracture of which of the following bone causes leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through ear - | [
"Mastoid process",
"Petrous temporal",
"Ethmoid plate",
"Cribriform plate"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Petrous temporal CSF otorrheao CSF otorrhea, i.e., leakage of cerebrospinal fluid through ear structure, is a rare but potentially life threatening situation that requires rapid intervention.o The underlying etiology of spinal fluid leak through temporal bone is a violation of the bony and meningeal b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tolllike receptor, recognise bacterial products and stimulate immune response by | [
"Perforin and granzyme mediated apoptosis",
"FADD ligand apoptosis",
"Transcription of nuclear factor mediated by N-FkBwhich recruits cytokine",
"Cyclin"
] | C | Ref Robbins 9/e p187 The ability of immune system to recognize moleculesthat are broadly shared by pathogens is, in pa, due to the presence of Immune receptors called toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are expressed on the membranes of leukocytes including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, cells of the a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 62-years old diabetic female patient presented with history of progressive right-sided weakness of one month duration. The patient was also having speech difficulty. Fundus examination showed papilledema. Two months ago, she also had a fall in her bathroom and struck her head against a wall. The most likely clinical ... | [
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Left parietal glioma",
"Left MCA territory stroke",
"Left chronic subdural hematoma"
] | D | Ans. (d) Left chronic subdural hematoma Chronic SDH:* Collection of blood at least 2-3weeks old.* Clear history of minor trauma will be present.* Alcoholics, elderly and patients on Anticoagulation are on risk of developing Chronic SDH* Patients will present with headache, seizures, confusion and CVA or ComaTreatment i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A male 65 years old wants a denture made. He is on oral hypoglycaemics. Intraoral examination reveals edentulous arches with firm ridges and good alveolar height. Impression is made with Alginate. In which of the following materials used, time is inadequate for disinfection? | [
"Short term glutaraldehydes",
"Chlorine compounds",
"Iodophors",
"All of the above"
] | A | Key concept: Short-term glutaraldehyde has been shown to be acceptable, but time is inadequate for disinfection.
Reference: Phillips’ science of dental materials / Kenneth J. Anusavice, Chiayi Shen, H. Ralph Rawls.—12th ed.Page no 166 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Levator ani muscle supplied by: | [
"Superior gluteal nerve",
"Pudendal nerve",
"Common peroneal portion",
"Internal iliac nerve"
] | B | (Pudendal nerve) Ref: 394-BDC-2, 349-Snell 7thThe levator ani is supplied by:1. A branch from the fourth sacral nerve2. A branch either from the inferior rectal nerve or from the perineal division of the pudendal nerveBranches of the Sacral Plexus and Their DistributionBRANCHESDISTRIBUTION,Superior gluteal nerve- G. me... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Special stain for Amyloid which is most diagnostic - | [
"Lugol’s Iodine",
"Sudan black",
"Congo red polarized light",
"Congo red in Illumination"
] | C | Congo red is not used in lipid staining. It is used in the staining of amyloid protein. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Oral evidence is more important than written testimony as- | [
"Oral evidence cannot be cross examined",
"Oral evidence can be cross examined",
"Documentary evidence requires no proof",
"None"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Oral evidence can be cross examined [Ref: Reddy 30th/e p. 9-10/}Oral evidenceo It includes all statements which the court permits, or which are required to be made before it by the witness, in relation to matters of fact under inquiry.o It is more important than documentary evidence, as it permits cro... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In mitral stenosis double atrial shadow is due to enlargement of? | [
"Right atrium",
"Left atrium",
"Both atria",
"Left auricle"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Left atrium o Double Density sign in Mitral Stenosis is a sign of enlargement of Left Atrium.# Double density sign is seen on frontal chest radiograph in the presence of left atrial enlargement and occurs when the right side of the left atrium pushes behind the right cardiac shadows indenting the lung... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The weight of the child at 3 years is usually ___ times the bih weight? | [
"3",
"4",
"5",
"7"
] | C | The increase in the weight of the child with age- Age Weight (kg) Bih w 5 months 2w 1 year 3w 2 years 4w 3 years 5w | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is true about interferon? | [
"Are specific for individual viruses",
"Are protective against only viruses",
"Induce enzyme synthesis in the target cell",
"Are divided into 5 subtypes"
] | C | Ans is 'c' i.e. Induce enzyme synthesis in the target cell o Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins, made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also tumor cellso IFNs belong to the large class of proteins known as cytokines.o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Veins communicating the cavernous sinus to pterygoid plexus pass through fossa of : | [
"Scapra",
"Vesalius",
"Ovale",
"Langer"
] | B | B i.e. Vesalius; C i.e. OvaleForamen Vesalius is an inconstant foramen that gives passage to an emissary vein that connects pterygoid venous plexus with cavernous sinus (vein of vesalius)Q. It is also k/a sphenoidal emissary foramen as its seen in the great wing of sphenoid, medial to foramen ovale, opposite the root o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Finish line which have sliding fit is/are: | [
"Chamfer",
"Knife edge.",
"Bevel",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Salmonella typhi can be isolated at different times from | [
"Feaces",
"Blood",
"Urine",
"All the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is least nephrotoxic - | [
"Streptomycin",
"Gentamycin",
"Polymyxin B",
"Doxycycline"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Doxycycline | train | med_mcqa | null |
Metabolic complication in CRF include all of the following except: | [
"Hyperkalemia",
"Hypophosphatemia",
"Hypocalcemia",
"Hypokalemia"
] | B | Answer is B (Hypophosphatemia): Hypophosphatemia has not been mentioned as a manifestation in Uremia | train | med_mcqa | null |
IPC 304B is for - | [
"Punishment for cruelty by husband or his relatives",
"Dowry death",
"Death caused by negligence",
"Punishment of culpable homicide, not amounting to murder"
] | B | Ans is 'b' i.e. Dowry deatho 304-BIPC: Dowry death : 10 years of imprisonment which can extend to life.o 498-A IPC: Punishment for cruelty by husband or his relatives.Dowry deatho In some cases newly married girls are abused, harassed, cruelly treated and tortured by the husband, in-laws and their relatives for or in c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Papilledema is caused by: | [
"Vitamin A intoxication",
"Vitamin D intoxication",
"Vitamin E intoxication",
"Vitamin B intoxication"
] | A | (Vitamin A): Ref: (532-Park 20th) Vitamin A intoxicationAcute toxicity: - Increased intracranial pressure vertigo, diplopia, buldging frontanels in children, seizures, and exfoliative dermatitisChronic toxicity: - Dry skin, cheilosis, glossitis, vomiting, alopecia, bone pain hypercalcemia, lymph node enlargement, hyper... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The right gastroepiploic aery is a branch of which of the following aery? | [
"Celiac trunk",
"Splenic",
"Left gastric",
"Gastroduodenal"
] | D | The greater curvature of stomach is supplied by the right gastroepiploic aery, which is a branch of the gastroduodenal aery. Gastroduodenal aery is a large branch of hepatic aery, which descends behind the first pa of duodenum. It gives rise to two branches right gastroepiploic aery and superior pancreaticoduodenal aer... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The radiological feature of Pindhorg's tumour is: | [
"Onion-peel appearance",
"Sun burst appearance",
"Driven snow appearance",
"Cherry blossom appearance"
] | C | Ans. Driven snow appearance | train | med_mcqa | null |
Heat loss at an ambient temperature of 21 degree takes place through | [
"Respiration",
"Radiation",
"Sweating",
"Urine and faeces"
] | B | Radiation is a process of heat transfer to or from the surroundings mediam . It doesn't require any conducter Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:863,864 | train | med_mcqa | null |
P. falciparum does not present with - | [
"Hyperglycaemia",
"Hypoglycaemia",
"Hypotension",
"Fever"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disinfection by autoclaving is NOT recommended for- | [
"Sputum",
"Linen",
"Sharp instruments",
"All"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sharp instruments | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following does not alter the &;T&; stage in breast cancer? | [
"Peaud's orange",
"Skin ulceration",
"Pectoral muscle involvement",
"Serratus anterior muscle muscle involvement"
] | C | .Manchester Staging 1. Tumour in the breast, not involving pectoral or deeper plane. Skin involvement if present, it is lesser than the size of tumour. Lymph nodes are not palpable. 2. Same as stage I but with mobile, discrete lymph nodes palpable in the ipsilateral axilla. 3. Tumour fixed to pectoral muscle, or skin i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gracey curettes are area specific instruments because: | [
"They are used in the specific areas of the US",
"They adapt to specific areas of the tooth or root",
"They have more than one angle per cutting edge",
"They are used for root planning"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about precocious puberty except - | [
"Secondary sexual characters before the age of 8 years",
"Secondary sexual characters before the age of 6 years",
"Menstruation before the age of 10 years",
"Most common cause is constitutional"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Secondary sexual characters before the age of 6 years o Precocious puberty is the appearance of appropriate secondary sexual characters before the age of 8 years and occurrence of menstruation before 10 years of chronological age.o It is divided into the following types:A) Gonadotropin dependent preco... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A postmortem clot is most likely to | [
"Grossly display features of recanalization",
"Grossly have lines of Zahn",
"Grossly have the appearance of “chicken fat” overlying “currant jelly”",
"Microscopically appear attached to the wall of the blood vessel"
] | C | The postmortem clot is usually rubbery, gelatinous, and lacks fibrin strands and attachments to the vessel wall. Large postmortem clots may have a “chicken fat” appearance overlying a dark “currant jelly” base. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Suspended animation is seen in following except? | [
"Sun stroke",
"Cerebral concussion",
"Cholera",
"Delerium tremens"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Delirium tremens Suspended animation may be seen in electrocution, drowning, cholera, after anesthesia, shock, sunstroke, cerebral concussion, narcotic poisoning, new born infants and yogis/voluntary. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Now-a-days, the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors are the preferred drugs for which of the following psychiatric disorder apa from their role in the treatment of depression: | [
"Phobias",
"Obsessive compulsive disorder",
"Post-traumatic stress disorder",
"All of the above"
] | D | Clinical application of SSRI's: 1. Major depressive Disorder (MDD) 2. Anxiety disorder 3. Panic Disorder 4. Obsessive compulsive disorder 5. Post traumatic stress disorder 6. Peri-menopausal vasomotor symptoms 7.Eating disorders (Bulimia) SSRI are the first line agent in treatment of both MDD and anxiety disorders | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old woman presents with a weeping eczematoid lesion of her nipple. Which of the following statement is false concerning her diagnosis and management? | [
"Treatment is with warm compresses and oral antibiotics",
"Biopsy of the nipple-revealing malignant cells within the milk ducts is invariably associated with an underlying invasive carcinoma",
"The appropriate treatment is mastectomy",
"The lesion always represents a high-risk disease with a significant risk ... | A | Paget's disease is characterized by weeping, eczematoid lesion of the nipple. There is often accompanying edema and inflammation. Biopsy of the nipple reveals malignant cells within the milk ducts. The lesion is invariably associated with an underlying invasive or in situ ductal carcinoma. The prognosis of Paget's dise... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 35 year old female evaluated for anemia has a dry marrow tap and a peripheral smear showing tear drop cells. What is the most likely diagnosis? | [
"Acute myeloid leukemia",
"Hodgkin's Disease",
"Polycythemia vera",
"Primary Myelofibrosis"
] | D | In Primary Myelofibrosis, blood smear will show the characteristic features of extramedullary hematopoiesis: teardrop-shaped red cells, nucleated red cells, myelocytes, and promyelocytes. Marrow is usually not aspirable due to increased marrow reticulin, but marrow biopsy will reveal a hypercellular marrow with triline... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Coenzyme required for tissue respiration is | [
"Coenzyme Q",
"Coenzyme A",
"NADP",
"Cobamide"
] | A | Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a quinone derivative with a long, hydrophobic isoprenoid tail. It is also called ubiquinone because it is ubiquitous in biologic systems. CoQ is a mobile carrier and can accept hydrogen atoms both from FMNH2, produced on NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) and from FADH2, produced on succinate dehydrogen... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Open wound is a : | [
"Contussion",
"Abrasion",
"Laceretion",
"Concussion"
] | C | C i.e. Laceration | train | med_mcqa | null |
A young girl has consumed barium carbonate with suicidal intent. She complains of generalized muscle weakness. The most likely electrolyte is - | [
"Hyponatremia",
"Hypocalcemia",
"Hypokalemia",
"Hypomagnesemia"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not included in Sipple's syndrome : | [
"Pheochromocytoma",
"Medullary carcinoma thyroid",
"Hyperthyroidism",
"Hyperparathyroidism"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' Hyperthyroidism Men type 2A syndrome is known as Sipple's syndrome. It includes-Medullary Ca thyroidPheochromocytomaParathyroid adenomaRemember the features of the three types of MEN syndrome Men I(Wermer syndrome)Men IIASipple's syndromeMen II BPituitaryAdenoma- ParathyroidHyperplasia, adenomaHyperplasia, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cozens test is for: | [
"Golfers elbow",
"Tennis elbow",
"Students elbow",
"Frozen elbow"
] | B | Tennis elbow | train | med_mcqa | null |
On electron microscopy amyloid characteristically exhibits - | [
"b-pleated sheat",
"Hyaline globules",
"7.5-10 nm fibrils",
"20-25 nm fibrils"
] | C | The AL (amyloid light chain) protein is produced by plasma cells and is made up of complete immunoglobulin light chains, the amino-terminal fragments of light chains, or both. For unknown reasons, only a few types of immunoglobulin light chains are prone to forming aggregates. As expected, the deposition of amyloid fib... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Calculate the anion gap from the following information: Na+ = 137mmol/L K+ = 4 mmol/L Cl- = 110 mmol/L HCO3 = 15 mmol/L | [
"22 mmol/L",
"16 mmol/L",
"10 mmol/L",
"12 mmol/L"
] | D | Formula: (Blood) Anion gap - Normal 6-12 mmol/L = - (K+ value not taken in consideration) =137- = 137-12 =12 Urinary anion gap = - | (HCO3-not considered) Normal=0 , As urine is electroneutral | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are seen in Turner syndrome EXCEPT? | [
"Webbed neck",
"Lymphedema of hands & feet",
"Sho stature",
"Cubitus varus"
] | D | Cubitus valgus is seen in Turner syndrome not cubitus varus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Transrectal ultrasonography in carcinoma prostate is most useful for | [
"Guided prostatic biopsies",
"Seminal vesicle involvement",
"Measurement of prostatic volume",
"To detect hypoechoic area"
] | A | A i.e. Guided prostatic biopsy The major role of transrectal USG is to guide prostatic biopsiesQ. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Incest is defined as sexual intercourse between - | [
"Man and animals",
"Man and closely related women",
"Man and women other than wife",
"Man and man"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Man and closely related womenIncesto It means sexual intercourse by a man with a woman who is closely related to him by blood (prohibited degrees of relationship).Example daughter, granddaughter, sister, stepsister, aunt, or mother,o These cases usually have psychological features,o In India, incest i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Small pox vaccine was invented by: | [
"Lious pauster",
"Jenner",
"John Snow",
"Eugene"
] | B | Jenner | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is false regarding H pylori ? | [
"With chronic infection urease breath test become negative",
"H. pylori infection remains life long if untreated",
"Endoscopy is diagnostic",
"Toxigenic strains usually cause ulcer"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., With chronic infection urease breath test become negative . Urea breath test is the most consistently accurate test for diagnosis of H. Pylori infection. . It is useful for follow-up after treatment, as it becomes negative after treatment. . In chronic infection it remains positive. About other option... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In angina pectoris, the pain radiating down the left arm is mediated by increased activity in afferent (sensory) fibres contained in the | [
"Carotid branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve",
"Phrenic nerve",
"Vagus nerve & recurrent laryngeal nerve",
"Thoracic splanchnic nerve"
] | D | D. i.e. Thoracic splanchnic nerves | train | med_mcqa | null |
A cyanotic newborn is suspected of having congenital heart disease. He has an increased left ventricular impulse and a holosystolic murmur along the left sternal border. The ECG shows left-axis deviation and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | [
"Transposition of the great arteries",
"Truncus arteriosus",
"Tricuspid atresia",
"Tetralogy of Fallot"
] | C | Patients with tricuspid atresia typically have a hypoplastic right ventricle, and therefore the ECG shows left-axis deviation and LVH; this translates to a left ventricular impulse on physical examination. Almost all other forms of cyanotic congenital heart disease are associated with elevated pressures in the right ve... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Metabolic acidosis may result due to? | [
"Diabetic ketoacidosis",
"Diarrhea",
"Renal failure",
"All of the above"
] | D | Metabolic acidosis can occur because of an increase in endogenous acid production (such as lactate and ketoacids), loss of bicarbonate (as in diarrhea) or accumulation of endogenous acids (as in renal failure). Metabolic acidosis has profound effects on the respiratory, cardiac and nervous systems. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following action is ascribed to delta type of opioid receptors? | [
"Supraspinal analgesia",
"Respiratory depression",
"Euphoria",
"Reduced intenstinal motility"
] | A | Ref: KDT 6/e p462 Both spinal as well as suprapinal analgesia is mediated by all three opioid receptors i.e.u,k. Other actions mentioned in the question are mainly mediated by m receptors. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Medical treatment of ectopic gestation involves use of all the following drugs except : | [
"Prostaglandins",
"Methotrexate",
"RU-486",
"Dexamethasone"
] | D | Dexamethasone | train | med_mcqa | null |
IUGR is defined when :- | [
"Bih weight is below the tenth percentile of the average of gestational age",
"Bih weight is below 20 percentile of the average of gestational age",
"Bih weight is below the 30 percentile of the average of gestational age",
"Weight of baby is less than 1000 gm"
] | A | IUGR is defined as, when the Bih weight is below the 10th percentile of the average of gestational age . Classification of IUGR TYPE SYMMETRIC / TYPE 1 (20%) ASYMMETRIC / TYPE 2 (80%) ONSET Early in utero Later onset ETIOLOGY Congenital infections, genetic disorders Utero - placental insufficiency, maternal malnutritio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common development cyst of jaws is | [
"Periapical cyst",
"Eruption cyst",
"Calcifying odontogenic cyst",
"Dentigerous cyst"
] | D | Most common odontogenic cyst is periapica/l Radicular cyst
Most common developmental odontogenic cyst is dentigerous cyst | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common termination of lobar pneumonia is:(1989) | [
"Consolidation",
"Resolution",
"Abcess formation",
"Empyema"
] | B | Ans: b (Resolution)Ref: Robbin's, 7thed, p. 750 & 6thed, p. 720Resolution- exudates undergo enzymatic digestion. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following infection predispose to cancer? | [
"Schistosomiasis",
"Taenia solium",
"Taenia saginata",
"Strongyloides"
] | A | Ans: a (Schistosomiasis) Ref: J.P, 5th ed, p. 113S. haematobium causes bladder cancer of the squamous cell type.SchistosomiasisSchistosoma is a blood fluke (Trematode)Definitive host is manIntermediate host-snailsInfection occurs through cercariaInfectionHabitatS. haematobium - (bilharzias)Vesical and pelvic vein plexu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sho saphenous vein in a tributary of: | [
"Medial marginal vein",
"Lateral marginal vein",
"Posterior tibial vein",
"Dorsal venous arch"
] | B | Lateral marginal vein | train | med_mcqa | null |
Three point relationship is reversed in all, except | [
"medial epicondyle",
"lateral epicondyle",
"Supracondylar",
"Posterior elbow dislocation"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e Supracondylar Three bony point relationship : The three prominent bony points around the elbow are *:The medial epicondyleLateral epicondyleTip of olecranon& head of radius is sometimes considered as 4th bony point.Normally, in an elbow flexed to 90 degrees, these three bony points form a near isosceles... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most sensitive investigation for cystic fibrosis is? | [
"CT scan",
"Ultrasound",
"Sweat electrolytes",
"Tomogram"
] | C | Ans. (c) Sweat electrolytesRef: Harrison's Medicine 18th ed p 2149-50 | train | med_mcqa | null |
As per WHO protocol ATT drug C/l in pregnancy: | [
"Rifampicin",
"Pyrazinamide",
"Ethambutol",
"Streptomycin"
] | D | Ans: D (Streptomycin) T.B Treatment during pregnancy Park 21st/175"During pregnancy, streptomycin can cause permanent deafness in the baby, so ethambutol should be used instead of streptomycin. Isonsazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide & ethambutol are safe to use. Second-line drugs such as fluoroquinolones, ethionamide PS p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The commonest cause of significant lower gastrointestinal bleed in a middle aged person with unknown reason is | [
"Sigmoid diveicula",
"Angiodysplasia",
"Ischemic colitis",
"Ulcerative colitis"
] | A | .Diveiculosis is the initial primary stage of the disease, wherein there is hyperophy, muscular incoordination leading to increased segmentation and increased intraluminal pressure. At this stage they are asymptomatic, but often get severe spasmodic pain due to colonic segmentation called as painful diveicular disease.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Precursor of norepinephrine - | [
"Tryptophan",
"Tyrosine",
"Methionine",
"Asparagine"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Tyrosine | train | med_mcqa | null |
Features of diabetic nonproliferative retinopathy are a) Hard exudatesb) Soft exudatesc) Microaneurysms d) RD | [
"ab",
"bc",
"ac",
"ad"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are caused by Parvo virus infection except: | [
"Erythema infectiosum",
"Gianotti crosti syndrome",
"Aplastic crisis",
"Papular- purpuric gloves and socks syndrome (PPGSS)"
] | B | Diseases caused by Parvo virus B19- Erythema infectiosum (most common) Transient arrest of erythropoiesis (aplastic crisis) Papular purpuric "gloves-and-socks" syndrome (PPGSS) Gianotti-Crosti syndrome:- Atopic dermatitis like rash on cheeks with multiple erythematous papules Associated with EBV infection. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands in the nasal skin is called | [
"Rhinodporidiosis",
"Rhinophyma",
"Rhinolith",
"Rhinorrhoea"
] | B | o Rhinophyma is large, bulb-shaped, red-colored (ruddy) nose.
It is a slow growing benign tumor due to hypertrophy of the sebaceous glands. o Has been explained in previous sessions | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient complains to a physician of chronic pain and tingling of the buttocks. The pain is exacerbated when the buttocks are compressed by sitting on a toilet seat or chair for long periods. No lumbar pain is noted. Pain is elicited when the physician performs Freiberg&;s maneuver. Most likely diagnosis | [
"Disk compression of the sciatic nerve",
"Fibromyalgia",
"Piriformis syndrome",
"Popliteus tendinitis"
] | C | piriformis syndrome.: As you may recall from your anatomy, the piriformis is the small muscle that crosses the greater sciatic foramen, cutting it into two spaces as the muscle passes from the edge of the sacrum to the greater trochanter. The sciatic nerve comes out of the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 20-year-old male presented to the OPD with recurrent episodes of lower backache which was more in morning and relieved on movement. Patient gave history of multiple episodes of chest infections in the past for which the patient was hospitalized multiple times. On ophthalmoscopic examination, iritis and conjunctivitis... | [
"IL-1",
"IL-17",
"IL-5",
"IL-10"
] | B | This is a case of Ankylosing spondylitis. X ray spine shows the classical bamboo spine appearance/ squaring of veebra. The test being performed is the Modified Schober's test. The pathogenesis of AS is immune-mediated. Tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) or IL-17A play a central role in the immunopathogenesis of AS. Mast c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Unsafe eardrum perforation is | [
"Central",
"Marginal",
"Paracentral",
"Multiple central"
] | B | Ans. b (Marginal) (Ref. Diseases of ENT PL Dhingra 3rd/pg, 91-99).Attic and posterosuperior marginal perforations are seen in dangerous type of CSOM and are often associated with cholesteatoma while central perforation is considered safe, as cholesteatoma is usually not asso with it.OTITIS MEDIA# Tubotympanic disease (... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regarding obesity syndromes, determine the true / false statements: a) Prader-Willi syndrome has normal stature with truncal obesity b) Laurence-Moon-Biedl is autosomal; polydactyly is seen c) Ahlstrom's syndrome patients has moderate mental retardation d) Cohen's syndrome- Patients will have craniofacial anomalies and... | [
"b,d,e-True & a, c- False",
"a,c,d,e-True & b- False",
"b,c,d,e-True & a- False",
"b,c,d-True & a,e- False"
] | A | Prader-Willi syndrome is sporadic inheritance, sho statured with generalised obesity. Primary gonadism and moderate mental retardation is seen. Ahlstrom's patients will have normal intelligence. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 626 Table 77-2 A Comparison of Syndromes of Obesity--Hypog... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the weakest part of the orbit? | [
"Medial wall",
"Lateral wall",
"Floor of the orbit",
"Roof of the orbit"
] | A | Each orbit resembles four-sided pyramid, on one side. Thus, it has
Apex - situated postero-medially.
Base.
Four walls - Roof, floor, lateral and medial wall.
Lateral wall is the thickest and strongest of all the walls.
Medial wall is very thin, so considered as the weakest. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anterior fontanelle closes at ____________ | [
"< 3months",
"12months",
"12-18months",
"> 3years"
] | C | The posterior fontanelle generally closes 2 to 3 months after bih; The sphenoidal fontanelle is the next toclose around 6 months after bih; The mastoid fontanelle closes next from 6 to 18 months after bih; and. The anterior fontanelle is generally the last to close between 10-24 months. Ref : Nelson paediatrics Chapter... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pincer grasp present, say bissyllable words, do by age of child? | [
"9 months",
"18 months",
"6 months",
"24 months"
] | A | Developmental milestones:- GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT: 2 months: Holds head in plane of rest of the body when held in ventral suspension. In prone position in bed, the chin lifts momentarily. 3 months:lift head above the plane of the body. Head control stas by 3 months and fully developed by 5 months. 4 months:Remain on f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
WHich of the following diuretic has high degree of ototoxicity | [
"Ethacrylic acid",
"Lasix",
"Spironolactone",
"Bumetanide"
] | A | Among loop diuretics, ethacrynic acid is having the highest tendency to produce ototoxicity leading to hearing loss due to excess loss of sodium and potassium ions from the peri and endolymph of ear ototoxicity- self-limited, reversible usually, dose dependent REF KD Tripathi 8th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
False statement about Mirena is : | [
"Progestrone containing lUCD",
"Contain desogestrol",
"Used in hormone replacement therapy",
"Decreases menstural blood flow"
] | B | It is a levanorgestrel releasing device which contains about 52 mg of levanorgestrel released at a rate approximately 20 microgram perday. THE TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY SHEILA BALAKRISHNAN SECOND EDITION PAGE NO 379 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Heat acclimatization is due to which hormone? | [
"Thyroxine",
"Insulin",
"Adrenaline",
"Aldosterone"
] | D | Heat acclimatization is defined as the process of improvement in tolerance to heat as a result of repeated sessions of exercise in a hot environment, resulting in a measurable improvement in physiological response. The body&;s response includes increase in the rate of sweating but decrease in sodium in the sweat, prese... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The daily requirement of Vitamin C is- | [
"40mg.",
"Ming",
"200 mg",
"500 mg"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 40 mgo The daily requirement for vitamin C --> 40 mg. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Blue ear drum is seen in: | [
"Tympanosclerosis",
"Secretory otitis media",
"Otosclerosis",
"Myringitis bullosa"
] | B | The "blue ear drum" generally refers to a condition in which blood or blood products are found in the middle ear. After all possible causes for hemotympanum, including blood dyscrasias and trauma are searched for and ruled out, the patient may have chronic serous otitis media accompanied by bloody effusion. Treatment f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hemophilus influenzae requres: | [
"Factor V",
"Factor X",
"Factor V & X",
"Factor VII"
] | C | Ans. is. 'c' i. e., Factor V & X | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are signs of Pulmonary Hypeension, except: | [
"Right Parasternal Heave",
"Raised JVP",
"Palpable P2",
"Low Volume Pulse"
] | A | Answer is A (Right Parasternal Heave): Pulmonary Hypeension is associated with Right Ventricular Hyperophy which presents as Left Parasternal Heave (Not Right Parasternal Heave). The Right Ventricle is situated just beneath the left 3rd ,4th, and 5th intercostal spaces close to the sternum and is palpable as a Left Par... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for Granuloma venereum? | [
"Sulphomamides",
"Streptomycin",
"Pencillin",
"Ehromycin"
] | D | D i.e. Erythromycin | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chronic mild depression of how much duration is considered to be dysthymia? | [
"3 to 6 months",
"6 Months to 1 year",
"One to one and half years",
"More than 2 years"
] | D | Ans. D. More than 2 yearsDysthymia: It's presence of mild depressive symptoms (not enough to diagnose a MDD) for a period of at least 2 years - socio-occupational dysfunction is not markedIn DSM-5: persistent depressive disorder (clubbed chronic depression + dysthymia) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hair perforation test is positive in infection with - | [
"Trichophyton",
"Microsporum",
"Epidermophyton",
"All of the above"
] | A | Hair perforation test
The hair perforation test consists of inoculating colonies of an organism into a dish containing a small amount of water, a few drops of yeast extract solution and some human hair. The dish is incubated at 300C and after 7 days, some of the hair is taken and are kept on a slide with a coverslip a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the range of hemoglobin O2 saturation from systemic venous to systemic aerial blood represents a normal resting condition? | [
"25 to 75%",
"40 to 75%",
"40 to 95%",
"75 to 98%"
] | D | In a normal resting condition, the blood leaving the lungs is 98% saturated with oxygen, and the blood returning to the lungs is 75% saturated with oxygen. With vigorous exercise, blood leaving the lungs is still 98% saturated, but blood returning is usually less than 75% saturated because more oxygen is unloaded from ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Constriction of pupils is seen in: September 2005 | [
"Only light reflex",
"Light reflex and accommodation reflex",
"Atropine medication",
"All of the above"
] | B | Ans. B: light reflex and accommodation reflex Psychosensory stimulus-A dilatation of the pupil occurs on psychic and sensory stimuli Light reflex and near reflex results in contraction of the pupils. Significant or possible causes of constricted pupils include: Drugs such as Heroin, Fentanyl, Codeine, Tramadol and othe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A counsellor should not show to the patient | [
"Sensitive",
"Understanding",
"Patience",
"Sympathy"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
K+ homeostasis in human is | [
"Most of the K+ are intracellular",
"Most of the K+ are extra cellular",
"An essential electrolyte for different organ function",
"Actively secreted in the distal tubule"
] | A | Electrolytes are substances that dissociate in solution and have the ability to conduct an electrical current. These substances are located in the extracellular and intracellular fluid. Within the extracellular fluid, the major cation is sodium and the major anion is chloride. The major cation in the intracellular flui... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The ZYA region of the lac operon will be maximally expressed if: | [
"Cyclic AMP levels are low",
"Glucose and lactose are both available",
"The attenuation stem-loop is able to form",
"The CAP site is occupied and the operator site is free"
] | D | When the cAMP levels are low- there is no binding of CAP to CAP site. | No ourable interaction for RNA polymerase. | Lac operon is not expressed. - option a is excluded. When glucose is available, Lac operon is not expressed Attenuation is seen in tryptophan operon, not Lac operon For optimal expression of lac operon, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vision 2020 "The right to sight" includes all except- | [
"Trachoma",
"Measles induced blindness",
"Cataract",
"Onchocerciasis"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Measles induced blindness o After the realization that unless blindness control efforts are intensified, the prevalence of blindness will double by 2020 AD, the WHO along with an International Partnership committeee launched the Vision 2020 Initiative in 1995.o The diseases identified for global elimi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Handedness gets firmly established by what age? | [
"2 years",
"2.5 years",
"3 years",
"3.5 years"
] | C | Handedness begins at around 2 years.
It gets firmly established by 3 years. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Iron deficiency anemia is characterized by - | [
"Increased porphyrin",
"Increased MCHC",
"Increased ferritin level",
"Increased TIBC"
] | D | Ans. is 'd'i. e., Increased TIBC Features of iron deficiency anemia are1) Perpheral blood pictureo There is microcytic hypochromic anemia (microcytosis precedes hypochromia).o Other features include :a) Poikilocytosis in the form of pencil cells (small, elongated red cells)b) Target cellsc) Ring / pessary cells (centra... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Adson's test is positive in | [
"Cervical rib",
"Cervical fracture",
"Cervical spondylosis",
"Cervical dislocation"
] | A | Adson's sign is the loss of the radial pulse in the arm by rotating head to the ipsilateral side with extended neck following deep inspiration . Ref : S. Das surgery 3/e p641 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Recent classification of periodontal disease organized by American Academy of Periodontology was introduced in the year: | [
"1989",
"1997",
"1998",
"1999"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Maple syrup urine disease, the amino acids excreted in urine are all EXCEPT: | [
"Leucine",
"Phenylalanine",
"Isoleucine",
"Valine"
] | B | - Maple syrup urine disease is a defect in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids i.e. Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine. As a result these amino acids are excreted in urine. - This defect occurs due to the inherited deficiency of branched Chain Keto-acid Decarboxylase. - So the answer is Phenylalanine Extra informa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 20-year-old fireman comes to the emergency room complaining of headache and dizziness after putting out a garage fire. He does not complain of shortness of breath, and the arterial blood gas shows a normal PO2. There is no cyanosis. Which of the following is the best first step in the management of this patient? | [
"Assess for methemoglobinemia",
"Obtain ECG",
"Obtain carboxyhemoglobin level",
"Obtain CT scan of head"
] | C | With symptoms of headache and dizziness in a fireman, the diagnosis of carbon monoxide poisoning must be addressed quickly. A venous or arterial measure of carboxyhemoglobin must first be obtained, if possible, before oxygen therapy is begun. The use of supplementary oxygen prior to obtaining the test may be a confound... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Epulis is | [
"Benign",
"Malignant",
"Precancerous",
"Reactive Process"
] | A | A focal, highly vascular swelling of the gums, a so-called epulis gravidarum, is a pyogenic granuloma that occasionally develops but typically regresses spontaneously after delivery.Reference: William&;s Obstetrics; 24th edition; Chapter 4; Maternal Physiologyy | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best method to group an old blood stain is | [
"Benzidine test",
"Spectroscopy",
"Absorption elusion",
"None of the above"
] | C | Absorption elution method for blood grouping. Others for detecting presence of blood . Ref : Krishnan vij Textbook of Forensic medicine and Toxicology 5th edtion ; pg no - 67 | train | med_mcqa | null |
MRI finding in cavernous angioma | [
"Reticular popcorn like pattern",
"Arterial feeders",
"Well defined Indus",
"Phebectasia"
] | A | MRI finding of cavernous malformation (cavernous angioma or covernoma) demonstrate typical 'Popcorn like' smoothly circumscribed, well - delineated complex lesion. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tram-line calcification on skull X-ray is characteristically seen in the following condition: | [
"Ependymoma",
"Thrombosed cerebral vein",
"Meningioma",
"Sturge-Weber syndrome"
] | D | Sturge-Weber syndrome consists of a congenital, usually unilateral, cutaneous capillary angioma involving the upper face, leptomeningeal angiomatosis and choroidal angioma. There may be contralateral homonymous hemianopia, hemiparesis and hemisensory disturbance, ipsilateral glaucoma, seizures and mental subnormality. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Relative Afferent Pupillary defect (RAPD) occur due to damage to which of the following structures? | [
"Optic Tract",
"Optic nerve",
"Occulomotor Nerve",
"Lateral geniculate body"
] | B | Marcus Gunn Pupil indicates relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) and it is caused by incomplete optic nerve lesions or severe retinal diseases. Marcus Gunn Pupil may be present as early as someone with complete vision in optic nerve disease. Ref: Ophthalmology By A.K Khurana, 4th Edition, Page 292; Textbook of Oph... | train | med_mcqa | null |
1715. True regarding anaemia of chronic ds. are A/E - | [
"Decreased TIBC",
"Increased macrophage iron in marrow",
"Decrease serum ferritin level",
"Decreased serum iron levels"
] | C | <p>In anemia of chronic disorder,a defect in transfer of iron from macrophage to developing erythroid cells in the marrow leads to reduced availability of iron for haem synthesis despite adequate iron stores,elevating serum ferritin.</p><p>Harsh mohan textbook of pathology sixth edition pg no 302</p> | train | med_mcqa | null |
1722. A patient presents with macroglossia and atrophy of tongue papilla. His Hb Is 11.5 and MCV is 100. What should be the next step in Investigating this patient ? | [
"B12 estimation",
"Brush biopsy of the lesion",
"Fluconazole treatment",
"Incision biopsy"
] | A | <p>Deficiency of vit B12 & folate presents with anemia(macrocytic megaloblastic anemia), glossitis(smooth,beefy,red tongue).Hb level will be below normal range & MCV wil be elevated.So this is a case of vit B 12 deficiency & next choice of investigation is serum Vit B12 assay. </p><p>Harsh mohan textbook of pathology s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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