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A patient with bilirubin value of 8 mg/dl and serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dl is planned for surgery. What is the muscle relaxant of choice in this patient – | [
"Vecuronium",
"Pancuronium",
"Atracurium",
"Rocuronium"
] | C | Atracurium is the muscle relaxant of choice in patient with renal and hepatic dysfunction. | train | med_mcqa | null |
APACHE II does not include ? | [
"Acute physiology score",
"Age",
"Sex",
"Chronic health evaluation"
] | C | Ans. C. SexAcute physiology and chronic health evaluationKnaus et al (1981) introduced the first the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) model in 1981 and revised it to APACHE II in 1985. APACHE III was presented in 1991 but as the regression analysis modelling is not in the public domain its uptake... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hormone produced by endodermal sinus tumor is | [
"Both 2 & 3",
"Alpha1 antitrypsis",
"AFP",
"hCG"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Both hyperplasia and hyperophy is found inaEUR' | [
"Pregnancy uterus",
"Cardiac muscle in cardiomegaly",
"Skeletal muscle in athelete",
"Breast development in lactation"
] | A | Pregnant uterus ?? There are some confusion because of the changes in 881/e Robbin's Bobbin's 7th/e clearly states that (p7) The massive physiologic growth of uterus during pregnancy is a good example of hormone induced increase in the size of an organ that results from both hyperophy and hyperplasia But Robbin 8thie s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following drug is contraindicated in bronchial asthma : | [
"Propranolol",
"Ipatropium bromide",
"Theophylline",
"Ketotifen"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following diseases are associated with trinucleotide repeat sequence except: | [
"Huntington's disease",
"Fredreich's ataxia",
"Myotonica dystrophy",
"Hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy"
] | D | Rest of the options are associated with trinucleotide repeat sequence. Triple-repeat mutations (Allelic expansion disorders) Due to an increase in the number of nucleotide repeats above a ceain threshold Length of the nucleotide repeat often correlates with the severity of the disease Anticipation: When repeat length i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cancer cells derive nutrition from | [
"Glycolysis",
"Oxidative phosphorylation",
"Gluconeogenesis",
"Glycogenolysis"
] | A | In fast-growing cancer cells, glycolysis proceeds at a high rate, forming large amounts of pyruvate, which is reduced to lactate and expoed. This produces a relatively acidic local environment in the tumor, which may have implications for cancer therapy. The lactate is used for gluconeogenesis in the liver, an energy-e... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Features of hypercalcemia is all except? | [
"Osteitis fibrosa cystica",
"Pathological fractures",
"Pancreatitis",
"All of the above"
] | D | Groans, stones and psychiatric moans are features of hypercalcemia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disk perforation is best examined by: | [
"MRI",
"Arthrography",
"CT scan",
"Arthroscopy"
] | B | Disk perforation and capsular tears are better detected with arthrography.
Textbook of oral medicine, oral diagnosis and oral radiology, Ravikiran Ongole, pg-314 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Spider web fracture is commonly called as | [
"Fissured fracture",
"Comminuted fracture",
"Ring fracture",
"Signature fracture"
] | B | Comminuted fracture ( spider web fracture/mosaic fracture) In this type of fracture, the skull bone is fractured into more than two pieces. Usually there will be two or more fracture lines. It is caused by vehicular accidents, fall from height or blow on head with heavy objects. Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following tumor is least sensitive to radiation? | [
"Bronchogenic carcinoma",
"Adenocarcinoma of colon",
"Malignant melanoma",
"Osteogenic sarcoma"
] | C | Ans. Malignant melanoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the rate-limiting enzyme of gluconeogenesis? | [
"Phosphofructokinase-1",
"Pyruvate kinase",
"Glycerol kinase",
"Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase"
] | D | Phosphofructokinase-1 is the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis - option a is excluded Pyruvate kinase catalyses one of the irreversible reactions of glycolysis and the reactions is a substrate-level phosphorylation(SLP) - option b is excluded Glycerol kinase is involved in gluconeogenesis, triglyceride, phospholipid s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Correlation coeffecient denoting strong correlation is: | [
"Zero",
"1",
"Less than 1",
"More than 1"
] | B | 1 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypercalcemia is seen in all EXCEPT: | [
"Bone metastasis",
"Sarcoidosis",
"Pseudohypoparathyroidism",
"Hyperparathyroidism"
] | C | Ans. C i.e. Pseudohypoparathyroidism Pseudohypoparathyroidism presents with hypocalcemia, normal to raised PTH, normal 25-(OH)D, and decreased 1,25-(OH),D | train | med_mcqa | null |
A small nodule of well-developed and normally organized pancreatic tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine is an example of __________. | [
"Choristoma",
"Hamartoma",
"Teratoma",
"Papilloma"
] | A | Choristoma is a congenital anomaly consisting of a heterotopic nest of cells. For example, a small nodule of well-developed and normally organized pancreatic tissue may be found in the submucosa of the stomach, duodenum, or small intestine.
Hamartoma is a mass of disorganized tissue indigenous to the particular site, s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
If the grading of diabetes is classified as "mild", "moderate" and "severe" the scale of measurement used is - | [
"interval",
"Nominal",
"Ordinal",
"Ratio"
] | C | Scales can be: Qualitative: Categorical scales: Nominal : eg: names of countries . Dichotomous : eg: yes/no, presence/absence. Ordinal : severity of disease: mild/moderate/severe.eg: staging of cancer, kuppusamy socioeconomic class. Quantitative: Metric scales: Interval Ratio | train | med_mcqa | null |
Post-term labour is seen in: | [
"Hydramnios",
"PID",
"Anencephaly",
"Multiple pregnancy"
] | C | Post term labour is seen in anencephaly. Pituitary is absent. It interfers with hormonal control of onset of labour. TEXTBOOK OF OBSTETRICS, SHEILA BALAKRISHNAN, 2nd EDITION,pg:218 | train | med_mcqa | null |
EEG rhythm in full awake and ale state? | [
"Alpha",
"Beta",
"Theta",
"Delta"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., BetaBeta wave is seen when the person is fully awake and ale and is thinking with maximum concentration.Therefore it is also called arousal or ale response. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ideally children with thalassemia should be transfused with: | [
"Packed RBC",
"Platelet rich plasma",
"Saline washed packed RBC",
"Whole blood"
] | C | - Saline washed RBCs are specially indicated in conditions requiring repeated transfusion when the chances of uicarial reactions due to plasma is high. - These have negligible plasma proteins and just 10% leucocytes. - It is preferred in the management of babies suffering from thalassemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemog... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is true about keloids - | [
"It appears immediately after surgery",
"It appears a few days after surgery",
"It is limited in its distribution",
"It is common in old people"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., It appears a few days after surgery | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sinus arrhythmia occurs:- | [
"Due to sympathetic overstimulation",
"Due to change in respiration",
"Due to change in body temperature",
"None"
] | B | During inspiration & Expiration Patient's hea rate tends to change, so respiration can trigger sinus arrythmia During inspiration=JVP fall, BP fall, HR| | train | med_mcqa | null |
PRSS1 gene is on? | [
"Chr 20q",
"Chr 17p",
"Chr 7q",
"Chr 1p"
] | C | Ans. (c) Chr 7q(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 166; 8th/pg 166)Hereditary pancreatitis is characterized by recurrent attacks of severe acute pancreatitis often beginning in childhood and ultimately leading to chronic pancreatitis.The disorder is genetically diverse, but the shared feature of most forms is a defect that increases ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The commonest site of thrombosis is ? | [
"Vein",
"Aery",
"Hea",
"Capillary"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vein o Aerial thrombosis is much less common than venous thrombosis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which epidemkiological study gives the most accurate result - | [
"Meta analysis",
"Cross sectional study",
"Randomized control trail with double blinding",
"Coho study"
] | A | A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies. Conceptually, a meta-analysis uses a statistical approach to combine the results from multiple studies in an effo to increase accuracy (over individual studies), improve estimates of the size of the effect and/or to reso... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The endotracheal tube is inserted in: | [
"Right bronchus",
"Left bronchus",
"Trachea",
"in laryngopharynx"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antenatal diagnosis of hydrocephalus is done by: | [
"USG",
"AFP estimation",
"Foetoscopy",
"Aminocentesis"
] | A | Ans. USG | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is example of hyaline cartilage? | [
"Epiglottis",
"Thyroid",
"Apex of Arytenoid Cartilage",
"Pinna"
] | B | ANSWER: (B) ThyroidREF: Basic histology, Carlos & Jose, 11th edition, Chapter 7, Cartilage, Textbook of human histology 4th e p. 92-94See APPENDIX-2 below for ''Types of cartilage" APPENDIX - 2Types of Cartilages Hyaline CartilageElastic CartilageFibrocatilageCompositionType II collagenChondroitin sulfateType II collag... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Among the principle of primary health care, the one which is not included is - | [
"Intersectoral coordination",
"Appropriate technology",
"Equitable distribution",
"Information, education and communication"
] | D | principles of primary health care equitable distribution Community paicipation Intersectoral coordination Appropriate technology (refer pgno:892 park 23rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
ADA number 33½ stands for which bur design? | [
"Round",
"Inverted cone",
"Tapered fissure",
"Pear"
] | B | Names and Key Dimensions of Recommended Burs | train | med_mcqa | null |
A rickshaw tyre passed on a 8 years old children. Marking of tyre was found on body. It is an example of – | [
"Percolated bruice",
"Pattern bruises",
"Contussion",
"Imprnt abrasion"
] | B | the synopsis for forensic medicine & toxicology | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about hypehermic anhydrosis except | [
"Also called as desse syndrome",
"complete absence of sweating",
"Hyperkeratotic plugging of sweat glands",
"Papular rashes over face and neck"
] | B | Hypehermic anhydrosis: Also called as desse syndrome After generalised profuse sweating for days perspiration stops suddenly in all pas of the body below neck region but persists in face and neck. Hyperkeratotic plugging of sweat glands. Papular rashes over face and neck. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A urinary tract infection as a result of Proteus mirabilis facilitates the formation of kidney stones because the organism: | [
"Destroys blood vessels in the kidney",
"Exhibits \"swarming\" motility",
"Ferments many sugars",
"Produces a potent urease"
] | D | Proteus mirabilis facilitates the formation of kidney stones because the organism produces a potent urease. Proteus: Causes 1-2% of cases of UTI in healthy women. 5% of cases of hospital-acquired UTI. High prevalence of stones is due to bacterial production of urease (Hydrolyzes urea -ammonia - alkalization of the urin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Post anaesthetic myalgia is commonest with which of the following drugs? | [
"Suxamethonium",
"Pancuronium",
"Vecuronium",
"Atracurium"
] | A | Post anaesthetic myalgia is seen after administration of depolarising skeletal muscle relaxants. It is reduced by administration of non polarising skeletal muscle relaxants. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 77-year-old man is brought to the hospital by his granddaughter for evaluation of confusion. He has no focal findings and his neuro-imaging studies are normal. Further investigations reveal a urinary tract infection, and the man improves somewhat after treatment, but still exhibits poor judgment and bizarre behavior.... | [
"Alzheimer's disease",
"frontotemporal dementia",
"dementia with diffuse Lewy bodies",
"vascular dementia"
] | B | The progressive nature of the disorder suggests a degenerative dementia, and the predominance of disinhibited behavior suggests the frontal lobes are involved. Frontal dementias can result from trauma, tumor, or ischemia, but this history suggests a degenerative disorder. Alzheimer's can involve the frontal lobes and m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
International prognostic index for lymphomas includes the following prognostic factors, EXCEPT: | [
"Stage of disease",
"Number of extralymphatic sites involved",
"LDH",
"Hemoglobin and albumin"
] | D | International prognostic index for Non Hodgkins lymphoma icludes stage of the disease, serum LDH level, extranodal site involvement, age of the patient and performance status. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy are all except - | [
"Fibrin caps and capsular drops",
"Intercapillary glomerulosclerosis",
"Focal sclerosis",
"Capillary basement membrane thickening"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In open Angle Glaucoma which investigation is least useful | [
"Indirect opthalmoscopy",
"Tonometry",
"Direct opthalmoscopy",
"Perimetry"
] | A | A i.e. Indirect ophthalmoscopy Baseline Evaluation in PAOG before initiation of therapy includes Visual Acuity Slitlamp biomicroscopy to rule out any signs of secondary glaucomas Applanation Tonometry to measure the IOP (> 21 mm Hg) Gonioscopy to assess the angle (an open angle of normal appearance) Ophthalmoscopy to a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 22-year-old Air-force test pilot presents after flying a sortie. Eye examination shows? | [
"Subconjunctival hemorrhage",
"Arcus senilis",
"Phlyctenular conjunctivitis",
"Hypopyon"
] | A | Ans. (a) Subconjunctival hemorrhage.The history of test pilot in air force leads to possibility of G force acting on the subconjunctival vessels leading to their rupture and subsequent hemorrhage. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Except | [
"Sereny test is positive",
"May cause diarrhoea",
"Can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome",
"Verocytotoxin is produced"
] | A | The Sereny test is positive in Enteroinvasive E.coli. Enterohemorrhagic E.coli: produce verocytotoxin. It can give rise to diarrhoeal disease ranging from mild diarrhea to fatal hemorrhagic colitis and hemorrhagic uremic syndrome. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and paniker's; 10th edition; Page no: ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thanatology is? | [
"Study of death",
"Solving paternity of the child",
"sexual crime investigation",
"Detection of race"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., study of death o Thanatoiogy is the branch of science which deals with study of death. It deals with death in all aspects. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Second injury in an explosion is due to - | [
"Due to flying debris",
"Due to blast wind",
"Due to shock wave",
"Due to complication"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Due to flying debriso Primary injuryo Secondary injuryo Tertiary injuryo Quaternary injury- due to shock wrave.- due to flying debris.- due to blast wind.- due to complicating factors (complications). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Every TB sputum positive patient can infect up to:- | [
"1-2 persons per year",
"5-6 persons per year",
"10-15 persons per year",
"100-200 persons per year"
] | C | TB transmission: - Slow rise, then plateau phase, then slow fall is characteristic in India - propagative epidemic person - to person transmission. - Thus, Every TB sputum positive patient can infect up to 10-15 persons per year. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of mooren's ulcer is? | [
"Topical steroids",
"Corneal graft",
"Immunosuppressives",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. (d) All of the aboveRef : A.K. Khurana 6th ed. /116, 4th Ed./109-110MOOREN'S ULCER* Moorens Ulcer/ chronic serpiginous or rodent ulcer is a severe inflammatory peripheral ulcerative keratitis.* Treatment:# Topical corticosteroids# Immunosuppressives with systemic steroids, e.g. cyclosporine# Soft contact lens# Lam... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements about Sternberg Canal are true, except: | [
"Causes intrasphenoidal meningocele",
"Represents persistent craniopharyngeal canal",
"Located anterior and medial to Foramen Rotundum",
"Located posterior and lateral to Foramen Rotundum"
] | D | Sternberg's canal is located anterior and medial to foramen rotandum. It is also known as lateral craniopharyngeal canal. Ref: Theodore Schwaz, Vijay Anand, Chapter 2, Anatomy of The Pituitary Gland and Parasellar Region, Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery: Endocrine, Neuro-Ophthalmologic and Surgical Management, New york; C... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Generator area in a nerve cell is | [
"Cell body",
"Initial segment",
"Axon",
"Dendrites"
] | B | The first poion of the axon is called the initial segment. The Initial segment in spinal motor neurons, the initial node of Ranvier in cutaneous sensory neurons is a site where propagated action potentials are generated.(Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which micronutrient deficiency causes anemia? | [
"Copper",
"Molybdenum",
"Selenium",
"Flurine"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CopperCopper containing protein ceruloplasmin is necessary for transpo of iron in the Ferric form across membranesCopper is an integral component of ALA synthase, which is necessary for heme synthesisCopper helps in the uptake of iron across normoblasts | train | med_mcqa | null |
Congenital dacrocystitis, the block is at- | [
"Lacrimal calnaliculi",
"Nasolacrimal duct",
"Punctum",
"None"
] | B | Also known as dacryocystitis neonaturum. Due to congenital blockage in the nasolacrimal duct. Ref: ak khurana 6th edition REF IMG | train | med_mcqa | null |
Beevor sign is seen in aEUR' | [
"Abdominal muscle",
"Respiratory muscle",
"Facial muscle",
"Hand muscle"
] | A | Abdominal muscle Beevor's Sign Movement of the umbilicus towards the head on flexing the neck. It is caused by weakness of the lower abdominal muscles. Physiology Beevor's sign is characteristic of spinal cord injury b/w T6-T10levels. This occurs because the upper abdominal muscles such as rectus abdominus are intact a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 6 year old boy taken for ophthalmic examination under anaesthesia. His father told that he has lower limb weakness & his elder brother died at 14 years of age. Which anaesthetic drug has to be avoided. | [
"Succinylcholine",
"Pancuronium",
"Atracurium",
"Dexacurium"
] | A | ROLE OF SUCCINYLCHOLINE ON MUSCLES * Succinylcholine, commonly used in anesthesia, paralyzes normal skeletal muscles by blocking transmission at the myoneural junction | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presented with acute abdominal pain. On clinical suspicion the patient underwent cholecystectomy. On histopathological examination the finding is normal. Which of the following type of cells line the gallbladder? | [
"Squamous epithelium",
"Simple columnar with brush border",
"Simple columnar",
"Simple columnar with stereocilia"
] | B | Columnar epithelium with a striated border is seen most typically in the small intestine, and with a brush border in the gallbladder.Also Know: Number of Cell LayersCell FormExamples of DistributionMain FunctionSimple (one layer)SquamousLining of vessels (endothelium). Serous lining of cavities; pericardium, pleura, pe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug which is topically used in Tinea cruris infection is: | [
"Fluconazole",
"Griseofulvin",
"Terbinafine",
"Nystatin"
] | C | Ans: c (Terbinafine) Ref: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 293, Tripathi, 5th ed, p. 723Tinea cruris is a dermatophytic infection of groin.Terbinafine is an orally and topically active drug against dermatophytes & Candida.Terbinafine is fungicidal, in contrast to Azoles which are fungistatic.Terbinafine acts as a non-competitive ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Characteristics of glycoprotein: | [
"Protein linked with glycosidic bond",
"Core protein",
"Sugar residues are long in carbohydrate poion of glycoprotein",
"None"
] | A | A i.e. Protein linked with glycosidic bond | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 21 year old woman attempted suicide by taking an overdose of barbiturates. On arrival in the emergency depament, her blood pressure is 95/65 and her pulse is 105 per minute. The physician in the intensive care unit orders aerial blood gases. Which of the following values would you expect in this patient? | [
"PO2 = 45, PCO2 = 45, pH = 7.45",
"PO2 = 55, PCO2 = 70, pH = 7.50",
"PO2 = 65, PCO2 = 35, pH = 7.45",
"PO2 = 75, PCO2 = 60, pH = 7.30"
] | D | Barbiturate overdose causes respiratory depression, resulting in carbon dioxide retention (producing increased PCO2 and decreased pH) and hypoxemia (decreased PO2). In other words, the patient has respiratory acidosis. You should look for a low PO2, high PCO2, and acidotic pH. Choices 1st,2nd & 3rd do not fulfill these... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fluoride inhibit enzyme of which ion? | [
"Mg",
"Ca",
"Na",
"K"
] | A | Enolase is a dimeric metal-activated metallo-enzyme, which uses two magnesium ions per subunit: the strongly bound conformational ion and the catalytic ion that binds to the enzyme-substrate complex inducing catalysis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A useful thrombolytic agent that leads to plasmin activation is : | [
"Vitamin K",
"Heparin",
"Streptokinase",
"Aspirin"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Granulomatous mastitis is caused by all except - | [
"TB",
"Fungus",
"Staphylococcus",
"Antibodies to milk antigens"
] | C | Inflammatory processes involving the breast are uncommon and are usually associated with pain and tenderness in the affected areas. Included in this category are several forms of mastitis and traumatic fat necrosis, none of which increase the risk of cancer. ref : Robbins Basic Pathology, 9E,page-707 REF OF IMG: | train | med_mcqa | null |
The clinical effects of the antidepressant drugs is mainly based on: | [
"Change in neurotransmitter receptor sensitivity",
"Decreased levels of neurotransmitters",
"Change in efficacy of neurotransmitters",
"None of the above"
] | A | Secondary to increased neurotransmitter levels by anti depressants, the receptor sensitivity changes over a course of time and that is responsible for antidepressant effect. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Binding of oxygen to myoglobin: | [
"Is characterized by the sigmoidal saturation curve",
"Occurs at multiple sites",
"Is characterized by the sigmoid and multiple hyperbolic saturation curve",
"Is characterized by the hyperbolic saturation curve"
] | D | Myoglobin molecule contains a single O2 binding site and thus the saturation process is characterized by a simple hyperbolic curve, in contrast to hemoglobin, sigmoid saturation curve of which shows positive cooperativity of multiple oxygen binding sites. Ref: Lippincott's Biochemistry, 5th Ed page 26 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which antigen of rabies virus stimulates antibody production ? | [
"Lipoprotein",
"Glycoprotein",
"Phosphoprotein",
"Intranuclear protein"
] | B | Ans. is 'B' i.e., GlycoproteinThere are following antigenic structures in rabies virus :?1) Glycoprotein G (on surface spikes)It is impoant in virulence, pathogenesis and immunity.It is serotype specific.It induces protective antibodies(D""), mediates binding of virus to Ach receptors and stimulates cytotoxic T-cells.2... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maximum chances of uretric injury are with: | [
"TAH",
"Wertheims hysterectomy",
"Anterior colporrhaphy",
"Vaginal hysterectomy"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bleeding in a case of obstructive jaundice is treated with - | [
"Fresh frozen plasma",
"Cryo precipitate",
"Whole blood",
"Buffy coat extract"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diagnostic method of choice for leptospirosis | [
"MSAT",
"MAT",
"Cold agglutination test",
"Latex agglutination test"
] | B | A definitive diagnosis of leptospirosis is based on: - * Isolation of the organism from the patient or * A positive result in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or * Seroconversion or a rise in antibody titer. (MAT) * In cases with strong clinical evidence of infection, a single antibody titer of 1:200-1:800 (dependin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Middle radio-ulnar joint is a type of | [
"Pivot Joint",
"Saddle Joint",
"Syndesmosis",
"Gomphosis"
] | C | The interosseous membrane of the forearm or the middle radioulnar joint is a fibrous sheet that connects the interosseous margins of the radius and the ulna. It is the main pa of the radio-ulnar syndesmosis, a fibrous joint between the two bones.This connective tissue sheet has three major functions:Holds the radius an... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In the case of a 70-year-old lady with an intracapsular fracture of the neck of femur, the ideal treatment would be - | [
"Closed traction",
"Hemiarthropalsty",
"Internal fixation with nail",
"Internal fixation with nail and plate"
] | B | Treatment of choice in patients 70 years or above is arthroplasty; either hemiarthroplasty (if no pre-existing arthritis) or total hip replacement (if pre-existing arthritis is present). | train | med_mcqa | null |
During the delivery, it is necessary to cut an episiotomy. The tear extends through the sphincter of the rectum, but the rectal mucosa is intact. How would you classify this type of episiotomy? | [
"First degree",
"Second degree",
"Third degree",
"Fouh degree"
] | C | A first-degree tear involves the vaginal mucosa or perineal skin, but not the underlying tissue. In a second-degree episiotomy, the underlying subcutaneous tissue is also involved, but not the rectal sphincter or rectal mucosa. In a third-degree tear, the rectal sphincter is affected. A fouh-degree episiotomy involves ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A cervical Pap smear repo stating that "koilocytic atypia is present" indicates the:- | [
"Presence of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia",
"Cytologic effect of herpesvirus type 2",
"Cytologic effect of human papillomavirus",
"Presence of chlamydial infection"
] | C | HPV infection of squamous cells Produces wrinkled nuclei surrounded by a clear halo. This is called koilocytosis. Whether it is indicative of a low or a high grade lesion in the cervix requires tissue documentation. This is usually obtained with a colposcopic biopsy. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Peri-operative respiratory failure is | [
"Type 1",
"Type 2",
"Type 3",
"Type 4"
] | C | (Refer: Morgan and Mikhail's Clinical Anaesthesiology, 5th edition, pg no.750) | train | med_mcqa | null |
A35 yr old lady with Normal PT and increased aPTT. 2 year back, she was operated for cholecystectomy & did not have any bleeding episode. What is next investigation for clinical diagnosis - | [
"Factor VIII assay",
"Anti viper venom assay",
"Platelet aggregation test",
"Ristocetin cofactor assay"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70 year old man with a known history of Parkinson's disease is to receive prophylaxis against Influenza A virus. He is given a drug that is useful against Parkinson's disease as well for prophylaxis against influenza. The drug with which of the following mechanisms of action is most likely to have been given? | [
"It prevents entry and penetration of the virus",
"It prevents uncoating of the virus",
"It prevents replication of the virus",
"It prevents assembly of newly synthesized virus paicles"
] | B | The drug that is used for both Parkinson&;s and influenza is amantadine which is a dopamine facilitator or agonist. It acts by preventing the uncoating of viral paicles.Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed Pg: 797 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 60 yrs old male suffering from auditory hallucination says that people staying upwards are talking about him and conspiring against him. He staed getting this feeling since one month. He dropped a police complaint against them but the allegations were proved to be wrong. The diagnosis is: | [
"Depression",
"Dementia",
"Delusional disorder",
"Schizophrenia"
] | D | This patient with auditory hallucinations and delusions of persecution is mostly likely having schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia may present with positive symptoms (such as conceptual disorganization, delusions, or hallucinations) or negative symptoms (loss of function, anhedonia, decreased emotional expressio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is false about colchicine? | [
"Used in acute gout",
"It is not an anti-inflammatory agent",
"It is antimitotic and causes telophase arrest",
"Can cause diarrohea"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., It is antimitotic and causes telophase arrest Colchicine It is used in acute gout. It is neither analgesic nor antinflammatory, but it specifically suppresses the gouty inflammation. Mechanisms of action Colchicine inhibits the release of glycoprotein (glycoprotein aggravates inflammation in gout). By... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common splanchnic aneurysm : | [
"Splenic aery",
"Hepatic aery",
"Gastroduodenal aery",
"Superior mesenteric aery"
] | A | Superior Aery Aneurysms MC site of Intra-abdominal aneurysm : Aoa > Splenic aery MC causes: Aeriosclerosis Usually saccular, multiple aneurysm is 20% Calcification is present in one-third, and mostly situated in the distal third of the splenic aery Four times more common in women (possible factors include multipay, poa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the organism causing chronic burrowing ulcer? | [
"Peptostreptococcus",
"Streptococcus viridans",
"Streptococcus pyogenes",
"Microaerophilic streptococci"
] | D | Chronic Burrowing ulcer is also known as Meleney's ulcer. This type of ulcer is caused by a hemolytic microaerophilic Streptococci, and usually develops after surgery on the intestinal or genital tract. Ref: A Manual On Clinical Surgery, By, S.Das,Page, 52, 53; Oxford Textbook Of Surgery, 2000, 2nd Edition, Page 105; T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Soft exudates are found in - | [
"DM",
"HTN",
"Toxemia",
"All of the above"
] | D | causes of soft exudates on the retina: Hypeensive retinopathy Retinopathy of toxaemia of pregnancy Diabetic retinopathy Anaemic retinopathy LE, PAN and scleroderma Leukaemic retinopathy Retinopathy of AIDS Ref : comprehensive ophthalmology AK Khurana 4th edition pageno: 494 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maximum cardiac output is seen in which week of pregnancy? | [
"24 weeks",
"20 weeks",
"28 weeks",
"22 weeks"
] | C | Ans. c. 28 weeks (Ref: Dutta 6/e p52, 53)Maximum cardiac output among the given options is seen in 28th week of pregnancy. Though, maximum increase in cardiac output is seen in 32nd week of pregnancy (not given in the option).'Cardiac output increases from the fifth week of pregnancy and reaches its maximum levels at a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
who gave the couch technique | [
"freud",
"bleuler",
"lorenz",
"erikson"
] | A | CONTRIBUTIONS OF FREUD o Father of psychoanalysis He founded a type of psychotherapy called psychoanalysis. It is nothing but analyzing the psych(MIND) o Interpretation of dreams According to Freud dreams are royal road to unconscious In dreams several conflicts that are present in the unconscious comes to the consciou... | train | med_mcqa | null |
During a thyroid operation, a nerve coursing along with the superior thyroid artery is injured. What can be the possible consequence(s): | [
"Loss of sensation above vocal cord",
"Loss of sensation below vocal cord",
"Paralysis of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle",
"Paralysis of cricothyroid muscle"
] | D | Ans: D (Paralysis...) External laryngeal nerve accompanies the superior thyroid arteryLARYNGEAL NERVES BDC4th/VoUil 135# The superior laryngeal nerve arises from the inferior ganglion of the vagus, runs downwards and forwards on the superior constrictor, deep to the internal carotid artery, and reaches the middle const... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following condition is not associated with an Antiphospholipid syndrome - | [
"Venous thrombosis",
"Recurrent foetal loss",
"Thrombocytosis",
"Neurological manifestations"
] | C | Antiphospholipid syndrome
Antiphospholipid syndrome develops in patients expressing antibodies to anionic phospholip. i.e., antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant.
Remember always, These antibodies are not only against phospholipid as it was believed, of these are antibodies against epitopes of plasma prote... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Serum amyloid associated protein is found in | [
"Alzheimer's disease",
"Chronic inflammatory state",
"Chronic renal failure",
"Malignant hypeension"
] | B | Ref Robbins 9/e p257;8/e 251-252;7/e pg 159 * The AA (amyloid-associated) fibril is a unique nonim- munoglobulin protein derived from a larger (12-kDa) | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 26-year-old woman in her sixth month of pregnancy is brought to the emergency department. She had been punched in the abdomen. She is found to have generalized abdominal pain, tenderness, abdominal distention, ileus, and absent fetal heart sounds. The patient's blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg; despite administration of... | [
"Application of PASG",
"Transfusion of 2 U of blood and reevaluate",
"Exploratory laparotomy and vaginal hysterectomy",
"Exploratory laparotomy with evacuation of the uterus and closure of the uterus disruption"
] | D | Exploratory laparotomy with evacuation of the uterus and closure of the uterus disruption is the procedure of choice despite continued hypotension. Blood administration should be instituted but is not as critical as gaining surgical hemostasis. A PASG may have a limited temporizing effect but should not be used as an a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for galactorrhea is: | [
"Bromocriptine",
"Cabergoline",
"Metformin",
"Dopamine"
] | B | Cabergoline is the DOC for hyperprolactinemia. Bromocriptine is associated with giddiness, dizziness, postural hypotension, and, rarely, hallucinations.Besides, it needs to be taken daily. Cabergoline has hardly any side effects (occasional headaches can happen), and it is to be taken once a week. Therefore it is prefe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Auspitz sign is feature of: | [
"Psoriasis",
"Lichen planus",
"Pityriasis alba",
"All of the above"
] | A | Ans. A Psoriasis. (Ref. IDVL textbook of Dermatology 2nd / 817)When psoriatic scales are completely scraped off, the basement membrane is exposed and is seen as moist red surface (membrane of Bulkeley) through which dilated capillaries can be seen as red spots. On further scraping, these capillaries at the tip of elong... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following perinatal infections has the highest risk of fetal infection in the first trimester: | [
"Hepatitis B virus",
"Syphilis",
"Toxoplasmosis",
"Rubella"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cock up splint is used in - | [
"Median nerve injury",
"Radial nerve injury",
"Ulnar nerve injury",
"Volkman's ischemic contracture"
] | B | Cock- up splint is used for RADIAL NERVE PALSY. Knuckle- bender splint for Ulnar nerve palsy. Aeroplane splint for Brachial plexus palsy. REF:Essential ohopaedics- Maheshwari - 9th edn- pg no 25. | train | med_mcqa | null |
% of thiopentone–used in induction – | [
"0.50%",
"1.50%",
"2.50%",
"4.50%"
] | C | Thiopentone is used in 2.5% concentration with a dose of 3-6 mg/kg. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common agent among the following which is associated with agranulocytosis is:- | [
"Steroids",
"Alkylating agents",
"Paracetamol",
"Endotoxemia"
] | B | Agranulocytosis results due to bone marrow suppression caused by alkylating agents. Alkylating agents are anti-cancer drugs causing the maximum bone marrow suppression. Other drugs causing agranulocytosis are: * Carbimazole * Sulfasalazine * Clozapine * Quinine | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a cause of primary amenorrhea- | [
"Turner's syndrome",
"Kallmann syndrome",
"Asherman's syndrome",
"Rokitansky syndrome"
] | C | Ans. B Asherman's syndrome Primary Amenorrhea is defined as: 1. In absence of secondary sexual characters No menses till the age of 14 years or 2. In presence of secondary sexual characters no menses till the age of 16 years. 3. Secondary amenorrhea is defined as absence of menses for 6 consecutive months (or length of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A female presented with swelling over angle of mouth. Investigation shows pleomorphic adenoma of the superficial lobe.Treatment of choice is: | [
"Superficial parotidectomy",
"Radical parotidectomy",
"Enucleation",
"Radiotherapy"
] | A | Pleomorphic adenomas, or benign mixed tumors, are the most common neoplasms of the salivary glands. They represent approximately 60-70% of all parotid tumors and 90% of submandibular benign tumors. The mixture of epithelial, myoepithelial, and stromal elements is represented by the name, benign mixed tumor. Any of thes... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Embolism of posterior cerebral artery leads to memory' impairment because of damage to | [
"Hippocampal gyrus",
"Angular gyrus",
"Premarginal area",
"Superior temporal gyrus"
] | A | (A) Hippocampal gyrus # Occlusion of the distal PCA causes> Infarction of the medial temporal and occipital lobes.> Contralateral Homonymous hemianopia with macula sparing is the usual manifestation.> Occasionally, only the upper quadrant of visual field is involved.> If the visual association areas are spared and only... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In fracture maxilla most common nerve involved is? | [
"Infra orbital nerve",
"Supraorbital nerve",
"Trochlear nerve",
"Mandibular nerve"
] | A | ANSWER: (A) Infra orbital nerveREF: Dhingra 4th ed p. 174Clinical Features of maxillary fractures:Ecchymosis of lid, conjunctiva and scleraEnophthalmos with inferior displacement of the eyeball. This becomes apparent when edema subsides.Diplopia, -which may be due to displacement of the eyeball or entrapment of inferio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following inhibits theophylline metabolism ? | [
"Griseofulvin",
"Prednisolone",
"INH",
"Ciprofloxacin"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
What test is used to check if blood is of human origin - | [
"Takayama test",
"Benzidine test",
"Precipitin test",
"Teichmann's test"
] | C | Ref: THE ESSENTIALS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY- Dr. K.S.NARAYAN REDDY 32 EDITION page no-432 This method determines whether the blood derived from human being or from lower animal. It is an immunological test(serological examination). Principle: Blood serum contains proteins in colloidal suspension ,and when h... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A study was done in a population of 2000 individuals. Mean value of hemoglobin is 13.5 grams and the distribution follows normal distribution curve. What percentage of people will be having hemoglobin level more than 13.5 gram? | [
"5%",
"25%",
"50%",
"75%"
] | C | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true of the genetic code except ? | [
"Degenerate",
"Universal",
"Punctuation",
"Non overlapping"
] | C | C i.e. Punctuation | train | med_mcqa | null |
A major causal factor in some cases of hypogonadism is | [
"Reduced secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)",
"Hypersecretion of pituitary LH and FSH as the result of increased GnRH",
"Excess secretion of testicular activin by Seoli cells",
"Failure of the hypothalamus to respond to testosterone"
] | A | Reduced secretion of GnRH will result in extremely low levels of circulating LH and FSH, causing testicular atrophy, as in Kallmann's syndrome. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A dense persistent nephrogram may be seen in all of the following except – | [
"Acute ureteral obstruction",
"Systemic hypertension",
"Severe hydronephrosis",
"Dehydration"
] | B | Hypotension causes persistent dense nephrogram (not hypertension). | train | med_mcqa | null |
False about cellulities | [
"Caused by strep. pyogenes",
"Causes SIRS",
"Infection of subcutaneous tissue",
"Abscess if any should be managed conservatively"
] | D | .It is spreading inflammation of subcutaneous and fascial planes. Infection may follow a small scratch or wound or incision. Causative Agents : Commonly due to Streptococcus pyogenes and other Gram +ve organisms. Sequelae Infection can get localized to form pyogenic abscess. Infection can spread to cause bacteraemia, s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 30-year-old firefighter suffers extensive third-degree burns over his arms and hands. This patient is at high risk for developing which of the following complications of wound healing? | [
"Contracture",
"Dehiscence",
"Incisional hernia",
"Keloid"
] | A | Contracture. A mechanical reduction in the size of a wound depends on the presence of myofibroblasts and sustained cell contraction. An exaggeration of these processes is termed contracture and results in severe deformity of the wound and surrounding tissues. Contractures are particularly conspicuous in the healing of ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with a known brain tumor learns that his pituitary stalk has been affected. Secretion of which of the following hormones is increased after the sectioning of the pituitary stalk? | [
"Prolactin",
"TSH",
"ACTH",
"FSH"
] | A | The secretion of prolactin is increased after the sectioning of the pituitary stalk Prolactin is unique among the pituitary hormones because the predominant central control mechanism is inhibitory, i.e., dopamine inhibits prolactin secretion. Hence, sectioning of the pituitary stalk (Ex: In head trauma or compressive s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Examples of physiological antagonism is: | [
"Adrenaline and salbutamol.",
"Adrenaline and histamine.",
"Salbutamol leukotrienes.",
"Both BC"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
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