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This is a timeline list of major events in the history of Coimbatore, a major city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Early history
BCE
~450 BCE - Ancient rock art prevalent in Kovanur, Perianaickenpalayam taluk. Kovanur is 30Β km northwest of Coimbatore.
1st to 4th century
The region around Coimbatore was ruled by the Cheras during Sangam period. It served as the eastern entrance to the Palakkad Gap, the principal trade route between the west coast and Tamil Nadu.
The Kosar tribe mentioned in the second century AD Tamil epic Silappathikaram and other poems in Sangam literature is associated with the Coimbatore region.
The region was located along an ancient Roman trade route that extended from Muziris to Arikamedu.
6th century
Perur Pateeswarar Temple mandapam was built by Pallava king Narasinga Potharanya II (Rajasimha Varman). (The mandapam has fourteen huge pillars carved intricately with images of the deities.)
9th century
Sundarar (Nayanmar saint) visits Perur temple.
10th century
The medieval Cholas conquered Kongu Nadu in the 10th century.
`Rajakesari Perivazhi` (highways) running through the region were reinforced by Chola King Adhitan. As per inscriptions in both Tamil & Vattezhuthu (verse) found in Sundakkamuthur record this. (The peruvazhi connected west and east coasts. It also supported trade between Cholas and the Romans over time.)
12th century
Marudhamalai temple is constructed.
15th century
Much of Tamil Nadu came under the rule of the Vijayanagara Empire by the 15th century.
16th century
1511: Vyasaraja the Madhva saint and scholar visits Coimbatore and its neighbourhood. The saint installed the Hanuman idol on R. G. Street. (The saint also performed his Chaturmasya Vratam here.)
In the 1550s, the Madurai Nayaks, who were the military chiefs of the Vijaynagara Empire, took charge of the region.
17th century
Madurai Nayaks established their territory as an independent kingdom after the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire in the 17th century. (They introduced the Palayakkarar system by which the Kongu Nadu region was divided into 24 Palayams.)
18th century
1776: Tipu Sultan builds Kottaimedu mosque in Coimbatore, 4 years before he takes over as the Ruler of Mysore kingdom.
1789: Tipu Sultan amasses army in Coimbatore (Dec 1789). On 28 December Tipu's army attacks the Kingdom of Travancore led by Raman Kesavan Pillai in the Battle of Nedumkotta.
1790: Records of Tipu's provincial palace in Coimbatore. As per Francis Skelly's despatch to Major General Charles Stuart on 1 August 1790 the existence of an "excellent" palace is recorded. (The place, missing in modern times, had "large and lofty" chambers, and walls covered with polished chunam that looked like marble. The palace also had valuable ivory and sandal wood objects.)
1790: British East India company takes Coimbatore. The company led by General William Medows take control of Coimbatore (which was evacuated by Tipu) and a significant part of Coimbatore district. (Tipu pushes back and gains territory but the company retains control of Coimbatore).
1791: Coimbatore fort destroyed: Tipu's Armies led by Qamar ud-Din defeated the British East India company in the Siege of Coimbatore. (The fort was built during Vijayanagar times. Kottaimedu area of Coimbatore was the location of the erstwhile fort).
1799: Following the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Anglo-Mysore Wars, the British East India Company annexed Coimbatore to the Madras Presidency in 1799.
19th century
1801: The Coimbatore region played a prominent role in the Second Poligar War (1801) when it was under the area of operations of Dheeran Chinnamalai.
1804: Coimbatore was made a district and as the district headquarters on 24 November. (The Coimbatore district then included the current districts of Nilgiris, Tirupur, Erode, and parts of Kerala.)
1830: CSI Immanuel Church established in 1830.
1860: St. Michael's Higher Secondary School was established.
1862: Podanur Railway junction built. It is the oldest in the entire southern region. (Even Chennai Central Junction was built nine years after Podanur. Many freedom fighters have visited.)
1862: Stanes Anglo Indian Higher School was established.
1865: Coimbatore Prison is partially occupied and operations begin while construction continues.
1866: Municipality of Coimbatore was established in 1866 according to the Town Improvements Act of 1865 with Rober Stanes, a renowned industrialist as its first Chairman. (The early days of the municipality were difficult as it had to tackle plague epidemics and earthquakes.)
1867: The first group of students appeared for the SSLC Examinations from Coimbatore.
1867: St. Michael's cathedral consecrated. (8 April)
1872: CSI All Souls Church consecrated on 27 January 1872. It cost Rs 20,000 and took 6 years to build.
1877: Clock tower installed at Town Hall in memory of A.T. Thiruvenkataswamy Mudaliar.
1880: St. Francis Anglo Indian Girls High School was established.
1880: Coimbatore Kalanidhi, one of the earliest Tamil newspapers was started by S. P. Narasimhalu Naidu. (The newspaper was a contemporary of the 'Salem Desabhimani' (1880) and predates the 'Swadesamitran' (1982)).
1883: The first financial institution/bank Coimbatore Janopakara Nidhi Limited setup by C. Sadasivam Mudaliar (22 June 1883). (A corpus of One lakh rupees, 2,000 shares of Rs. 50 each, was deployed at inauguration.)
1892: Victoria Town Hall built in the City with contributions from the Municipality and citizens. (S. P. Narasimhalu Naidu contributed Rs. 1,000 and helped raise funds from the public for the construction of the building.)
20th century
1900: Nallepilly earthquake impacts Coimbatore on 8 February 1900. 6 on Reichter scale. (Clock tower and Central jail had damages. The eastern bell tower of St. Michael's Cathedral also collapsed.)
1903: Plague hits Coimbatore.
1904: Plague deaths in Coimbatore total 1122 in the year.
1908: V. O. Chidambaram Pillai jailed at Coimbatore Central Prison for two years. He was put to hard labour and yolked to an oil press earning him the name Chekkiluththa Chemmal.
1909: Plague again in Coimbatore. 1071 people die from plague.
1912: Sugarcane Breeding Institute, was established by the Department of Agriculture, Madras Presidency. Dr. Charles Alfred Barber, botanist, was the first Head of the Institute & Government Sugarcane Expert.
1914: Samikannu Vincent builds first theatre in South India - the Variety Hall Talkies near Town Hall, now called Delite theatre.
1916: Sambandhan Mudaliar becomes Chairman of the Coimbatore Municipality. (Sambhandan street is later named after him.)
1917: Plague impacts Coimbatore.
1921: C.S. Rathinasabapathy Mudaliar becomes Chairman of the Coimbatore Municipality for 14 years from 1921. (DB road (Divan Bahadur) is later named after him. R. S. Puram is also named after him.)
1921: Mapilla Wagon tragedy at Podanur. 67 dead bodies of protesters tumbled out of a goods wagon in a train coming from Malabar region. The victims had suffocated in the wagon and they were those arrested by the Malabar police earlier during the violence. (19 November 1921)
1925: Mahatma Gandhi visits Coimbatore, arrives at Podanur Junction on 19 March 1925.
1928: Moses Gnanabaranam Eye Hospital instituted. Arogyaswamy Pillai gave away his bungalow, Arogya Vilas on Big Bazaar Street to make way for the Hospital in memory of his late father.
1929: Siruvani water reaches Coimbatore on 26 April, thanks to Rathinasabapathy Mudaliar, after nearly 9 years of work on the project.
1934: Jupiter Pictures, a feature film production company, was founded by M. Somasundaram and S.K. Mohideen.
1934: Municipality elects its first woman Chairman, K. Thankamma Jacob.
1935: Central Studios is started by B. Rangaswamy Naidu and others.
1940: Coimbatore Domestic Airport is opened for operating small aircraft.
1940: Coimbatore District Chess Association is formed. It is the earliest chess organisation in India.
1941: World War 2 evacuees camp setup including Maltese, Greek and some Burmese.
1942: HMS Garuda was commissioned on 1 October 1942 at Peelamedu. It was a Royal Navy Aircraft repair yard with a capacity of 180 aircraft.
1943: Plague and Cholera outbreak in Coimbatore.
1944: US planes from U.S. Lend-Leases are put into commission at HMS Vairi received by the British (The Royal Navy Air Station in Sulur, Coimbatore.)
1945: Pakshiraja Studios is established by S. M. Sriramulu Naidu. (The studio made block buster movies like MGR starer Malaikkallan(1955) and Meena Kumari starer Azaad (1955).)
1945: Hellcats operate out of HMS Garuda (Peelamedu) between September and October. The Hellcats were from HMS Emperor, HMS Ameer and HMS Khedive.
1946: HMS Vairi was decommissioned on 1 April 1946.
1948: Nava India a Tamil daily founded by Prof P.R. Ramakrishnan (PRR) with V.N. Ramaswami as its Editor.
1950: Douglas DC-3 VT-CFK Plane crash near Kotagiri. On 13 December 1950, a Douglas DC-3 carrying 17 passengers and four crew from Bombay to Coimbatore, crashed into high ground near Kotagiri due to a navigational error, killing all on board.
1953: Coimbatore Rifle club inaugurated. (Has since generated many young champions)
1955: Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Bulganin visit the city. They visit Athar Jamad Masjid and a farm in city outskirts. (The farm is later called Bulganin Thottam.)
1960s: Coimbatore developed sugarcane varieties at Sugarcane Breeding Institute were supporting the sugarcane industries of 22 countries globally.
1965: VOC Park and Zoo inaugurated.
1966: All India Radio launches its Coimbatore broadcast from Chettipalayam transmission station on 18 December 1966.
1968: Hotel Annapoorna's first branch started by K. Dhamodarasamy Naidu. (They started modestly as a small shop at Kennedy theatre and went on to become an iconic brand with 18+ branches.)
1971: Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium was constructed.
1976: 45 political prisoners were arrested during the emergency and jailed under Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) on 31 January 1976 in the Coimbatore Central jail.
1981: Coimbatore upgraded to a municipal corporation in 1981, the third in Tamil Nadu.
1982: Bharathiar University established in Coimbatore.
1983: Inland Container Depot (ICD) begins operations at Irugur. Port Kochi functions as the outport.
1987: Coimbatore airport runway enhanced to accommodate larger aircraft like the Boeing 737.
1998: 12 blasts across 11 locations rock Coimbatore on 14 February 1998. 58 were killed and over 200 injured. (L. K. Advani, BJP leader, was in the city for election meetings.)
21st century
2009: Coimbatore Vizha inaugurated in 2009.
2010: World Classical Tamil Conference 2010 was held in the city from 23β27 June 2010. (The conference theme song was Semmozhiyaana Thamizh Mozhiyaam.)
2012: Corporation won the Best Corporation Award in Tamil Nadu.
2013: First Coimbatore Marathon kicks off on 7 October 2013. (8000+ Run in support of Coimbatore Cancer Foundation and enabled by Coimbatore Runners.)
2014: 100th anniversary of Variety Hall theatre (Delite Cinema).
2017: Coimbatore's Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium becomes the home ground of Chennai City Football Club.
2018: Tamilnadus's first Police Museum opened at the former Hamilton Club.
2018: Coimbatore Jallikattu was held after 38 years at Chettipalayam. 2,000 persons witnessed the sport with 300 players and 433 bulls.
2018: R.S. Puram Police station announced as the best station in India (among 14,850 stations) for 2017 by Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh.
2018: Tejas Squadron No. 45 (The Flying Daggers) moves base from Bengaluru to Sulur Air Force Station in Jul, 2018.
See also
History of Coimbatore
References
External links
Coimbatore District Profile
History of Coimbatore
Coimbatore
Coimbatore-related lists
Coimbatore |
Tsvetomir Valeriev (; born 16 August 1983) is a former Bulgarian footballer, who currently works as an assistant coach at Levski Sofia.
Career
Valeriev is a left-footed player and does not have any problems playing as a left-sided midfielder. He has good creative skills. In the winter of 2011 he went on trial with Kazakhstani club Caspiy, but eventually refused to sign because the club changed the salary figures.
References
1983 births
Living people
Bulgarian men's footballers
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
Second Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
PFC Neftochimic Burgas (2009β2014) players
FC Lokomotiv Mezdra players
OFC Sliven 2000 players
FC Chernomorets Balchik players
FC Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo players
POFC Botev Vratsa players
FC Kaliakra Kavarna players
FC Tsarsko Selo Sofia players
Men's association football midfielders |
```xml
import {
JsPackageManagerFactory,
removeAddon as remove,
versions,
} from 'storybook/internal/common';
import { withTelemetry } from 'storybook/internal/core-server';
import { logger } from 'storybook/internal/node-logger';
import { addToGlobalContext, telemetry } from 'storybook/internal/telemetry';
import chalk from 'chalk';
import { program } from 'commander';
import envinfo from 'envinfo';
import { findPackageSync } from 'fd-package-json';
import leven from 'leven';
import invariant from 'tiny-invariant';
import { add } from '../add';
import { doAutomigrate } from '../automigrate';
import { doctor } from '../doctor';
import { link } from '../link';
import { migrate } from '../migrate';
import { sandbox } from '../sandbox';
import { type UpgradeOptions, upgrade } from '../upgrade';
addToGlobalContext('cliVersion', versions.storybook);
const pkg = findPackageSync(__dirname);
invariant(pkg, 'Failed to find the closest package.json file.');
const consoleLogger = console;
const command = (name: string) =>
program
.command(name)
.option(
'--disable-telemetry',
'Disable sending telemetry data',
// default value is false, but if the user sets STORYBOOK_DISABLE_TELEMETRY, it can be true
process.env.STORYBOOK_DISABLE_TELEMETRY && process.env.STORYBOOK_DISABLE_TELEMETRY !== 'false'
)
.option('--debug', 'Get more logs in debug mode', false)
.option('--enable-crash-reports', 'Enable sending crash reports to telemetry data');
command('add <addon>')
.description('Add an addon to your Storybook')
.option(
'--package-manager <npm|pnpm|yarn1|yarn2>',
'Force package manager for installing dependencies'
)
.option('-c, --config-dir <dir-name>', 'Directory where to load Storybook configurations from')
.option('-s --skip-postinstall', 'Skip package specific postinstall config modifications')
.action((addonName: string, options: any) => add(addonName, options));
command('remove <addon>')
.description('Remove an addon from your Storybook')
.option(
'--package-manager <npm|pnpm|yarn1|yarn2>',
'Force package manager for installing dependencies'
)
.action((addonName: string, options: any) =>
withTelemetry('remove', { cliOptions: options }, async () => {
await remove(addonName, options);
if (!options.disableTelemetry) {
await telemetry('remove', { addon: addonName, source: 'cli' });
}
})
);
command('upgrade')
.description(`Upgrade your Storybook packages to v${versions.storybook}`)
.option(
'--package-manager <npm|pnpm|yarn1|yarn2>',
'Force package manager for installing dependencies'
)
.option('-y --yes', 'Skip prompting the user')
.option('-f --force', 'force the upgrade, skipping autoblockers')
.option('-n --dry-run', 'Only check for upgrades, do not install')
.option('-s --skip-check', 'Skip postinstall version and automigration checks')
.option('-c, --config-dir <dir-name>', 'Directory where to load Storybook configurations from')
.action(async (options: UpgradeOptions) => upgrade(options).catch(() => process.exit(1)));
command('info')
.description('Prints debugging information about the local environment')
.action(async () => {
consoleLogger.log(chalk.bold('\nStorybook Environment Info:'));
const pkgManager = await JsPackageManagerFactory.getPackageManager();
const activePackageManager = pkgManager.type.replace(/\d/, ''); // 'yarn1' -> 'yarn'
const output = await envinfo.run({
System: ['OS', 'CPU', 'Shell'],
Binaries: ['Node', 'Yarn', 'npm', 'pnpm'],
Browsers: ['Chrome', 'Edge', 'Firefox', 'Safari'],
npmPackages: '{@storybook/*,*storybook*,sb,chromatic}',
npmGlobalPackages: '{@storybook/*,*storybook*,sb,chromatic}',
});
const activePackageManagerLine = output.match(new RegExp(`${activePackageManager}:.*`, 'i'));
consoleLogger.log(
output.replace(
activePackageManagerLine,
chalk.bold(`${activePackageManagerLine} <----- active`)
)
);
});
command('migrate [migration]')
.description('Run a Storybook codemod migration on your source files')
.option('-l --list', 'List available migrations')
.option('-g --glob <glob>', 'Glob for files upon which to apply the migration', '**/*.js')
.option('-p --parser <babel | babylon | flow | ts | tsx>', 'jscodeshift parser')
.option('-c, --config-dir <dir-name>', 'Directory where to load Storybook configurations from')
.option(
'-n --dry-run',
'Dry run: verify the migration exists and show the files to which it will be applied'
)
.option(
'-r --rename <from-to>',
'Rename suffix of matching files after codemod has been applied, e.g. ".js:.ts"'
)
.action((migration, { configDir, glob, dryRun, list, rename, parser }) => {
migrate(migration, {
configDir,
glob,
dryRun,
list,
rename,
parser,
}).catch((err) => {
logger.error(err);
process.exit(1);
});
});
command('sandbox [filterValue]')
.alias('repro') // for backwards compatibility
.description('Create a sandbox from a set of possible templates')
.option('-o --output <outDir>', 'Define an output directory')
.option('--no-init', 'Whether to download a template without an initialized Storybook', false)
.action((filterValue, options) =>
sandbox({ filterValue, ...options }).catch((e) => {
logger.error(e);
process.exit(1);
})
);
command('link <repo-url-or-directory>')
.description('Pull down a repro from a URL (or a local directory), link it, and run storybook')
.option('--local', 'Link a local directory already in your file system')
.option('--no-start', 'Start the storybook', true)
.action((target, { local, start }) =>
link({ target, local, start }).catch((e) => {
logger.error(e);
process.exit(1);
})
);
command('automigrate [fixId]')
.description('Check storybook for incompatibilities or migrations and apply fixes')
.option('-y --yes', 'Skip prompting the user')
.option('-n --dry-run', 'Only check for fixes, do not actually run them')
.option('--package-manager <npm|pnpm|yarn1|yarn2>', 'Force package manager')
.option('-l --list', 'List available migrations')
.option('-c, --config-dir <dir-name>', 'Directory of Storybook configurations to migrate')
.option('-s --skip-install', 'Skip installing deps')
.option(
'--renderer <renderer-pkg-name>',
'The renderer package for the framework Storybook is using.'
)
.action(async (fixId, options) => {
await doAutomigrate({ fixId, ...options }).catch((e) => {
logger.error(e);
process.exit(1);
});
});
command('doctor')
.description('Check Storybook for known problems and provide suggestions or fixes')
.option('--package-manager <npm|pnpm|yarn1|yarn2>', 'Force package manager')
.option('-c, --config-dir <dir-name>', 'Directory of Storybook configuration')
.action(async (options) => {
await doctor(options).catch((e) => {
logger.error(e);
process.exit(1);
});
});
program.on('command:*', ([invalidCmd]) => {
consoleLogger.error(
' Invalid command: %s.\n See --help for a list of available commands.',
invalidCmd
);
const availableCommands = program.commands.map((cmd) => cmd.name());
const suggestion = availableCommands.find((cmd) => leven(cmd, invalidCmd) < 3);
if (suggestion) {
consoleLogger.info(`\n Did you mean ${suggestion}?`);
}
process.exit(1);
});
program.usage('<command> [options]').version(String(pkg.version)).parse(process.argv);
``` |
```sqlpl
--
-- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
-- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
--
-- path_to_url
--
-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
--
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS write_dataset;
CREATE DATABASE write_dataset;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE write_dataset TO test_user;
\c write_dataset;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_shadow;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_merchant;
CREATE TYPE season AS ENUM ('spring', 'summer', 'autumn', 'winter');
CREATE TABLE t_shadow (order_id BIGINT NOT NULL, user_id INT NOT NULL, order_name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, type_char CHAR(1) NOT NULL, type_boolean BOOLEAN NOT NULL, type_smallint SMALLINT NOT NULL, type_enum season DEFAULT 'summer', type_decimal NUMERIC(18,2) DEFAULT NULL, type_date DATE DEFAULT NULL, type_time TIME DEFAULT NULL, type_timestamp TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (order_id));
CREATE TABLE t_merchant (merchant_id INT PRIMARY KEY, country_id SMALLINT NOT NULL, merchant_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, business_code VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, telephone CHAR(11) NOT NULL, creation_date DATE NOT NULL);
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS write_shadow_dataset;
CREATE DATABASE write_shadow_dataset;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE write_shadow_dataset TO test_user;
\c write_shadow_dataset;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_shadow;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_merchant;
CREATE TYPE season AS ENUM ('spring', 'summer', 'autumn', 'winter');
CREATE TABLE t_shadow (order_id BIGINT NOT NULL, user_id INT NOT NULL, order_name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, type_char CHAR(1) NOT NULL, type_boolean BOOLEAN NOT NULL, type_smallint SMALLINT NOT NULL, type_enum season DEFAULT 'summer', type_decimal NUMERIC(18,2) DEFAULT NULL, type_date DATE DEFAULT NULL, type_time TIME DEFAULT NULL, type_timestamp TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (order_id));
CREATE TABLE t_merchant (merchant_id INT PRIMARY KEY, country_id SMALLINT NOT NULL, merchant_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, business_code VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, telephone CHAR(11) NOT NULL, creation_date DATE NOT NULL);
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS read_dataset;
CREATE DATABASE read_dataset;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE read_dataset TO test_user;
\c read_dataset;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_shadow;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t_merchant;
CREATE TYPE season AS ENUM ('spring', 'summer', 'autumn', 'winter');
CREATE TABLE t_shadow (order_id BIGINT NOT NULL, user_id INT NOT NULL, order_name VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL, type_char CHAR(1) NOT NULL, type_boolean BOOLEAN NOT NULL, type_smallint SMALLINT NOT NULL, type_enum season DEFAULT 'summer', type_decimal NUMERIC(18,2) DEFAULT NULL, type_date DATE DEFAULT NULL, type_time TIME DEFAULT NULL, type_timestamp TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (order_id));
CREATE TABLE t_merchant (merchant_id INT PRIMARY KEY, country_id SMALLINT NOT NULL, merchant_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, business_code VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, telephone CHAR(11) NOT NULL, creation_date DATE NOT NULL);
``` |
```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>iziModal - Ajax Example</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="path_to_url"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="path_to_url"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="path_to_url">
</head>
<body>
<button class="trigger-ajax">Ajax Example</button>
<div id="modal-ajax" data-izimodal-open="" data-izimodal-title="Ajax Example">
<div style="height:100px; width:100%;"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
$("#modal-ajax").iziModal({
onOpening: function(modal){
modal.startLoading();
$.get('path_to_url function(data) {
console.log(data);
$("#modal-ajax .iziModal-content").html(data.html_url);
setTimeout(function(){
modal.stopLoading();
},500);
});
}
});
$('.trigger-ajax').on('click', function(event) {
$("#modal-ajax").iziModal('open');
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
``` |
Cathal Casey (born 4 September 1967) is an Irish former hurler who played as a right wing-back for the Cork senior team.
Born in Ballynoe, County Cork, Casey first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of seventeen when he first linked up with the Cork minor team before later joining the under-21 side. He joined the senior panel during the 1986 championship. Casey subsequently became a regular member of the starting fifteen and won one All-Ireland medal, two Munster medal and one National Hurling League medal. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion.
As a member of the Munster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, Casey won one Railway Cup medal as a non-playing substitute. At club level he is a one-time championship medallist in the intermediate grade with St Catherine's.
Throughout his career Casey made 14 championship appearances. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1995 championship.
In retirement from playing Casey became involved in team management and coaching. He has served as a selector with the Cork and Warwickshire senior teams while he has also been involved with University College Cork.
Playing career
University
During his studies at University College Cork, Casey was an automatic inclusion on the college hurling team. In 1987 he was at midfield as UCC faced University College Dublin in the inter-varsities decider. A 1-11 to 0-11 victory gave Casey his first Fitzgibbon Cup medal.
Casey was at midfield once again in 1988 as UCC were bidding for an eighth successive Fitzgibbon Cup title. University College Galway provided the opposition, however, a comfortable 1-14 to 1-3 victory gave Casey a second successive winners' medal.
Nine-in-a-row proved beyond UCC, however, the team reached yet another decider in 1990. A 3-10 to 0-12 defeat of Waterford Regional Technical College gave Casey a third Fitzgibbon Cup medal.
Casey won a fourth Fitzgibbon Cup winners' medal in five years in 1991 as University College Cork were accounted for by 1-14 to 1-6.
Club
Casey was still eligible for the minor grade when he experienced his first major success in 1984. Defeats of Cobh and St Ita's in the respective football and hurling deciders, secured a set of junior b championship medals.
A knee injury ruled Casey out of St Catherine's successful intermediate championship campaign in 1994, however, a decade later he was still a key member of the starting fifteen. St Catherine's faced Courcey Rovers in the premier intermediate decider that year. Courceys went into the game favourites following a number of impressive victories in earlier rounds, however, a goal by Casey just before the interval secured a 1-11 to 1-8 victory.
Inter-county
Casey first played for Cork as a member of the minor hurling team on 15 May 1985 in a 1-12 to 1-8 Munster semi-final defeat of Limerick. He later won a Munster medal following a 1-13 to 1-8 defeat of Tipperary in the decider. Wexford provided the opposition in the subsequent All-Ireland decider on 1 September 1985. Casey scored a point from wing-back to secure an All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship medal in Cork's 3-10 to 0-12 victory.
Three years later Casey was at right wing-back on the Cork under-21 team. He won a Munster medal that year following a 4-12 to 1-7 defeat of Limerick. Cork subsequently faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider on 11 September 1988. Played in St. Brendan's Park, Birr to commemorate the centenary of the very first senior All-Ireland final being played there, Cork triumphed by 4-12 to 1-5, with Casey winning an All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship medal.
Casey was a member of the extended panel as Cork faced Galway in the All-Ireland decider on 7 September 1986. The men from the west were the red-hot favourites against a Cork team in decline, however, on the day a different story unfolded. Four Cork goals, one from John Fenton, two from TomΓ‘s Mulcahy and one from Kevin Hennessy, stymied the Galway attack and helped the Rebels to a 4β13 to 2β15 victory.
In November 1986 Casey made his senior debut in a National Hurling League game against Galway. He was later included on Cork's championship panel but didn't make his debut until 18 June 1989 in a 5-16 to 4-17 Munster semi-final replay defeat by Waterford.
In 1990 Cork bounced back after a period in decline. Casey won a Munster medal that year following a 4-16 to 2-14 defeat of Tipperary. The subsequent All-Ireland final on 2 September 1990 pitted Cork against Galway for the second time in four years. Galway were once again the red-hot favourites and justified this tag by going seven points ahead in the opening thirty-five minutes thanks to a masterful display by Joe Cooney. Cork fought back with an equally expert display by captain TomΓ‘s Mulcahy. The game was effectively decided on an incident which occurred midway through the second half when Cork goalkeeper Ger Cunningham blocked a point-blank shot from Martin Naughton with his nose. The umpires gave no 65-metre free, even though he clearly deflected it out wide. Cork went on to win a high-scoring and open game of hurling by 5β15 to 2β21. It was a third All-Ireland medal for O'Sullivan. He finished off the year by winning a fourth All-Star before being named Texaco Hurler of the Year.
Cork surrendered their titles in 1991, however, Casey claimed an All-Star award for his performances.
Casey claimed his second Munster medal in 1992 following a 1-22 to 3-11 of Limerick. On 6 September 1992 Cork faced Kilkenny in the All-Ireland decider. At half-time Cork were two points ahead, however, two second-half goals by John Power and Michael Phelan supplemented a first-half D. J. Carey penalty which gave Kilkenny a 3-10 to 1-12 victory.
In 1993 Casey won a National Hurling League medal following a 3-11 to 1-12 defeat of Wexford.
Cork's hurling fortunes took a downturn over the next few years and Casey retired from inter-county hurling following Cork's exit from the 1995 championship.
Inter-provincial
Casey was first chosen on the Munster inter-provincial team in 1991, however, the southern province lost out to Connacht by 1-13 to 0-12 in the decider.
In 1992 Munster made it back to the decider where they faced Ulster. Casey remained on the bench as Munster secured a narrow 3-6 to 1-11 victory and a Railway Cup medal.
Coaching career
In December 2006 Casey joined the Cork senior hurling backroom team as a selector under Gerald McCarthy. Cork's season ended with an All-Ireland quarter-final replay defeat by Waterford. Casey stepped down as a selector at the end of the season.
Casey later served on the management team with the Warwickshire senior team.
Honours
Player
St Catherine's
Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship (1): 2004
Cork
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (2): 1986 (sub), 1990
Munster Senior Hurling Championship (2): 1990, 1992
National Hurling League (1): 1992-93
All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 1988
Munster Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 1988
All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship (1): 1985
Munster Minor Hurling Championship (1): 1985
Munster
Railway Cup (1): 1992 (sub)
Individual
Honours
All-Star (1): 1991
References
1967 births
Living people
St Catherine's hurlers
Cork inter-county hurlers
Munster inter-provincial hurlers
Hurling selectors
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners |
```clojure
(ns status-im.contexts.wallet.common.activity-tab.view
(:require
[clojure.string :as string]
[quo.core :as quo]
[quo.theme]
[react-native.core :as rn]
[status-im.common.resources :as resources]
[status-im.constants :as constants]
[status-im.contexts.shell.jump-to.constants :as jump-to.constants]
[status-im.contexts.wallet.common.empty-tab.view :as empty-tab]
[utils.i18n :as i18n]
[utils.re-frame :as rf]))
(defn send-and-receive-activity
[{:keys [transaction relative-date status sender recipient token amount network-name
network-logo token-id nft-url nft-name]}]
(if token-id
[quo/wallet-activity
{:transaction transaction
:timestamp relative-date
:status status
:counter 1
:first-tag {:size 24
:type :collectible
:collectible nft-url
:collectible-name (if (> amount 1)
(str amount " " nft-name)
nft-name)
:collectible-number token-id}
:second-tag-prefix :t/from
:second-tag {:type :address :address sender}
:third-tag-prefix :t/to
:third-tag {:type :address :address recipient}
:fourth-tag-prefix :t/via
:fourth-tag {:size 24
:type :network
:network-name network-name
:network-logo network-logo}
:blur? false}]
[quo/wallet-activity
{:transaction transaction
:timestamp relative-date
:status status
:counter 1
:first-tag {:size 24
:type :token
:token token
:amount amount}
:second-tag-prefix :t/from
:second-tag {:type :address :address sender}
:third-tag-prefix :t/to
:third-tag {:type :address :address recipient}
:fourth-tag-prefix :t/via
:fourth-tag {:size 24
:type :network
:network-name network-name
:network-logo network-logo}
:blur? false}]))
;; WIP to add the mint activity.
;(defn mint-activity
; [{:keys [transaction relative-date status recipient network-name
; network-logo nft-name nft-url token-id]}]
; [quo/wallet-activity
; {:transaction transaction
; :timestamp relative-date
; :status status
; :counter 1
; :first-tag {:size 24
; :type :collectible
; :collectible nft-url
; :collectible-name nft-name
; :collectible-number token-id}
; :second-tag-prefix :t/at
; :second-tag {:type :address :address recipient}
; :third-tag-prefix :t/to
; :third-tag {:type :address :address recipient}
; :fourth-tag-prefix :t/via
; :fourth-tag {:size 24
; :type :network
; :network-name network-name
; :network-logo network-logo}
; :blur? false}])
(defn- section-header
[{:keys [title]}]
[quo/divider-date title])
(defn activity-item
[{:keys [transaction] :as activity}]
(case transaction
(:send :receive) [send-and-receive-activity activity]
;; WIP to add the mint activity.
;; :mint [mint-activity activity]
nil))
(defn- pressable-text
[{:keys [on-press text]}]
[rn/text
{:style {:text-decoration-line :underline}
:on-press on-press}
text])
(defn view
[]
(let [theme (quo.theme/use-theme)
address (rf/sub [:wallet/current-viewing-account-address])
activity-list (rf/sub [:wallet/activities-for-current-viewing-account])
open-eth-chain-explorer (rn/use-callback
#(rf/dispatch [:wallet/navigate-to-chain-explorer
{:address address
:network constants/mainnet-network-name}])
[address])
open-oeth-chain-explorer (rn/use-callback
#(rf/dispatch [:wallet/navigate-to-chain-explorer
{:address address
:network constants/optimism-network-name}])
[address])
open-arb-chain-explorer (rn/use-callback
#(rf/dispatch [:wallet/navigate-to-chain-explorer
{:address address
:network constants/arbitrum-network-name}])
[address])]
[:<>
[quo/information-box
{:type :informative
:icon :i/info
:closable? false
:style {:margin-horizontal 20 :margin-vertical 8}}
[:<>
(str (i18n/label :t/wallet-activity-beta-message) " ")
[pressable-text
{:on-press open-eth-chain-explorer
:text (i18n/label :t/etherscan)}]
", "
[pressable-text
{:on-press open-oeth-chain-explorer
:text (i18n/label :t/op-explorer)}]
(str ", " (string/lower-case (i18n/label :t/or)) " ")
[pressable-text
{:on-press open-arb-chain-explorer
:text (i18n/label :t/arbiscan)}]
"."]]
(if (empty? activity-list)
[empty-tab/view
{:title (i18n/label :t/no-activity)
:description (i18n/label :t/empty-tab-description)
:image (resources/get-themed-image :no-activity theme)}]
[rn/section-list
{:sections activity-list
:sticky-section-headers-enabled false
:style {:flex 1
:padding-horizontal 8}
:content-container-style {:padding-bottom jump-to.constants/floating-shell-button-height}
:render-fn activity-item
:render-section-header-fn section-header}])]))
``` |
```javascript
import Comp from './index.vue'
import { mount } from 'vue-test-utils'
import { expect } from 'chai'
describe('PopupRadio', () => {
it('basic', () => {
const wrapper = mount(Comp)
expect(wrapper.name()).to.equal('popup-radio')
})
})
``` |
Elsa Pollak (1911 - 2006) was an Israeli sculptor and an Holocaust survivor, born in Slovakia. She is known for depicting the victims of the Holocaust in her art.
Life
Pollak was born in the village of MarkuΕ‘ovce.In 1944, she was deported to Auschwitz along with her entire family and assigned the number 5170. She was the only survivor, being liberated from the labor camp of Lenzing, Austria after having partaken in the Death March from Auschwitz.
After the end of the World War II, Elsa studied sculpture in Vienna along with the sculptor and painter Kurt Goebel. In 1962, she emigrated to Israel and settled in Herzliya. In 1991, she received the Sussman Prize for Artists Depicting the Holocaust awarded by the Yad Vashem.
Works
Pollak co-authored The Pit memorial, along with a Belarus artist Leonid Levin located at the site where Nazi forces shot about 5,000 Jewish residents of the nearby Minsk Ghetto.
Her sculpture exhibition Elsa Pollak: Auschwitz 5170, named after her prisoner number in Auschwitz is one of the two permanent exhibitions displayed at the Ghetto Fighters' House in Israel.
In her art, she drew from her own experience at the Auschwitz concentration camp, in her own words: "Man created these horrors, but did not invent a language in which to describe them. The memories stayed alive and urged me on without respite. And thus I arrived at sculpture."
References
1911 births
2006 deaths
Israeli women sculptors
20th-century Israeli sculptors
Israeli people of Slovak-Jewish descent
People from SpiΕ‘skΓ‘ NovΓ‘ Ves District
Slovak Jews
Auschwitz concentration camp survivors |
Griswold Hall, built in 1967 according to a design by Benjamin Thompson Associates, is a Harvard Law School building housing faculty offices, the dean's office, and a classroom.
According to Bainbridge Bunting, Griswold Hall and nearby Roscoe Pound Hall together "constitute the most adroit example of design for a given environment produced at Harvard since World War II, an achievement that equals Charles Coolidge's best work of the 1920s."
It was named for retired Harvard Law School Dean Erwin Griswold in 1979.
References
Harvard Law School
School buildings completed in 1967 |
Agnes Arellano (born 21 November 1949) is a Philippine sculptor known for her surrealistic sculptural groupings.
Career
A family tragedy that occurred in 1981 determined the course of her career and the major themes in her art. Her parents, her sister Citas and a housemaid were killed in a fire that razed the Arellanosβ ancestral home in San Juan, Metro Manila. Arellano received news of the fire while she was on holiday in Spain. In memory of her late parents and sister, she decided to set up the nonprofit Pinaglabanan Galleries on the site of the ancestral home. Many unusual Philippine and foreign artworks were to be exhibited there, and talented artists were also given subsidies.
Arellano commemorated the tragic death of her parents and sister 7 years later with a multimedia event called Fire and DeathβA Labyrinth of Ritual Art. She created a unique installation consisting of a labyrinth of thematic shrines in the Arellano garden, combining sculptures, poetry, photographs, sound sculptures, plants, and family memorabilia. This demonstrated the deep sense of the precarious balance between death and life that she had become conscious of after the tragedy. This theme would find its way into many of her other works as well.
References
Kintanar, Thelma B. and Ventura, Sylvia M. Self-Portraits: Twelve Filipina Artists Speak. Quezon City: ADMU Press, 1999.
Guillermo, Alice G. Image to Meaning. Quezon City: ADMU Press, 2001.
Filipino sculptors
1949 births
Living people
Artists from Metro Manila
University of the Philippines Diliman alumni
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Paris-Sorbonne University alumni |
Manning is an unincorporated community in Washington County, Oregon, United States on the Sunset Highway (U.S. Route 26/Oregon Route 47). The BanksβVernonia State Trail, a rail trail conversion, passes through Manning. The NorthWest POINT offers twice-daily roundtrip intercity bus service between Portland and Astoria with a flag stop in Manning.
History
Manning was named for Martin Manning, who took up a land claim there in 1865. Manning post office was established in 1890. In 1954, the community joined with neighboring Buxton and Banks to form the Tri-City Rural Fire Protection District (now Banks Fire District). The Manning school, part of the Banks School District, closed in 1987.
Notable people
Hollie Pihl
References
External links
Manning history from VanNatta Forestry
Populated places established in 1890
Unincorporated communities in Washington County, Oregon
1890 establishments in Oregon
Unincorporated communities in Oregon |
Born on November 2nd 1918 in Qingdao, China, Sasaki took an in interest in photography after purchasing a Togo camera in 6th grade. He continued to take photos during his military service being stationed at Pyongyang, Manchuria, and Manchukuo before returning to Kobe in 1942. He would work as a photojournalist and freelance photographer before meeting Ihei Kimura in 1951 and would later move to Tokyo as his apprentice in 1960. Sasaki was reportedly told, "You'll go bad if you keep photographing bras. Come over to Tokyo." Accepting Kimura's invitation, he left his photo studio to a friend, sold all his camera gear, and bought a Leica M3.
As a photojournalist he covered social issues including heroin addiction, gradeschool dropouts, and prostitution.
He began publishing regularly on Asahi Camera in 1966, renowned for his macro work on flowers, insects, and small animals. 256 of his photos were published on the magazine across 23 years with his specialty being newborn life and the process of metamorphosis.
References
Japanese photographers
1918 births
2009 deaths |
Antisense RNA (asRNA), also referred to as antisense transcript, natural antisense transcript (NAT) or antisense oligonucleotide, is a single stranded RNA that is complementary to a protein coding messenger RNA (mRNA) with which it hybridizes, and thereby blocks its translation into protein. The asRNAs (which occur naturally) have been found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and can be classified into short (<200 nucleotides) and long (>200 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The primary function of asRNA is regulating gene expression. asRNAs may also be produced synthetically and have found wide spread use as research tools for gene knockdown. They may also have therapeutic applications.
Discovery and history in drug development
Some of the earliest asRNAs were discovered while investigating functional proteins. An example was micF asRNA. While characterizing the outer membrane porin in E.coli, some of the promoter clones observed were capable of repressing the expression of other membrane porin such as . The region responsible for this repression function was found to be a 300 base-pair locus upstream of the promoter. This 300 base-pair region is 70% homologous in sequence with the 5' end of the mRNA and thus the transcript of this 300 base pair locus was complementary to the mRNA. Later on, this transcript, denoted micF, was found to be an asRNA of and capable of downregulating the expression of under stress by forming a duplex with the mRNA. This induces the degradation of the mRNA.
Unlike micF RNA being discovered by accident, the majority of asRNAs were discovered by genome wide searches for small regulatory RNAs and by transcriptome analysis. Conventionally, the first step involves computational predictions based on some known characteristics of asRNAs. During computational searches, the encoding regions are excluded. The regions that are predicted to have conserved RNA structures and act as orphan promoters and Rho independent terminators are preferenced during analysis. Because computational searches focuses on the intergenic region, the asRNAs that are transcribed from the opposite strand of an encoding gene are likely to be missed using this method. To detect asRNA transcribed from the encoding region, oligonucleotide microarrays can be used. In this method, one or both strands of encoding genes can be used as probes. In addition to computational searches and microarrays, some asRNAs were discovered by sequencing cDNA clones as well as mapping promoter elements. Although many findings from the approaches mentioned above gave rise to a lot of possible asRNAs, only few were proven to be actual asRNAs via further functional tests. To minimize the number of false positive results, new approaches from recent years have been focusing on strand-specific transcription, chromatin binding noncoding RNAs and single cell studies.
The idea of asRNAs as drug targets started in 1978 when Zamecnik and Stephenson found an antisense oligonucleotide to the viral RNA of Rous scarcoma virus that was capable of inhibiting viral replication and protein synthesis. Since then, much effort has been devoted to developing asRNAs as drug candidates. In 1998, the first asRNA drug, fomivirsen, was approved by FDA. Fomivirsen, a 21 base-pair oligonucleotide, was developed to treat cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. It works by targeting the transcribed mRNA of the virus and consequently inhibiting replication of cytomegalovirus. Despite fomivirsen being discontinued in 2004 due to the loss of the market, it served as a successful and inspiring example of using asRNAs as drug targets or drug candidates.
Another example of using an asRNA as a therapeutic agent is mipomersen, which was approved by FDA in 2013. Mipomersen was developed to manage the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH), which is a rare autosomal dominant genetic condition. Because of the high level of total cholesterol (650β1000Β mg/dL) and LDL receptor (above 600Β mg/dL) in HoFH, patients with HoFH has a high risk for coronary heart disease. Because the protein apo-B-100 has been found to be required to produce very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL, mipomersen complements with the mRNA of apo-B-100 and target it for RNAse H dependent degradation. Ultimately, mipomersen is able to reduce the level of LDL.
Examples across species
The initial asRNAs discovered were in prokaryotes including plasmids, bacteriophage and bacteria. For example, in plasmid ColE1, the asRNA termed RNA I plays an important role in determining the plasmid copy number by controlling replication. The replication of ColE1 relies on the transcription of a primer RNA named RNA II. Once RNA II is transcribed, it hybridizes to its DNA template and later cleaved by RNase H. In the presence of the asRNA RNA I, RNA I and RNA II forms a duplex which introduces a conformational change of RNA II. Consequently, RNA II cannot hybridize with its DNA template which results in a low copy number of ColE1. In bacteriophage P22, the asRNA sar helps regulate between lytic and lysogenic cycle by control the expression of Ant. Besides being expressed in prokaryotes, asRNAs were also discovered in plants. The most well described example of asRNA regulation in plants is on Flowering Locus C (FLC) gene. FLC gene in Arabidopsis thaliana encodes for a transcription factor that prevent expression of a range of genes that induce floral transition. In cold environment, the asRNA of FLC gene, denoted COOLAIR, is expressed and inhibits the expression of FLC via chromatin modification which consequently allows for flowering. Another well studied example is DOG1 (Delay of Germination 1) gene. Its expression level is negatively regulated by the antisense transcript (asDOG1 or 1GOD) acting in cis. In mammalian cells, a typical example of asRNA regulation is X chromosome inactivation. Xist, an asRNA, can recruit polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) which results in heterochromatinization of the X chromosome.
Classification
Antisense RNAs can be classified in different ways. In terms of regulatory mechanisms, some authors group asRNAs into RNA-DNA interactions, RNA-RNA interactions either in nucleus or cytoplasm and RNA-protein interactions (epigenetic). Antisense RNAs can be categorized by the type of the promoters that initiate expression of asRNAs: independent promoters, shared bidirectional promoters or cryptic promoters. In terms of length, although asRNA in general is classified as lncRNAs, there are short asRNAs with length of less than 200 base pairs. Because the regulatory mechanism of asRNAs are found to be species specific, asRNAs can also be classified by species. One of the common ways of classifying asRNAs is by where the asRNAs are transcribe relatively to their target genes: cis-acting and trans-acting.
Cis-acting
Cis-acting asRNAs are transcribed from the opposite strand of the target gene at the target gene locus. They often show high degree or complete complementarity with the target gene. If the cis-acting asRNA regulates gene expression by targeting mRNA, it can only target individual mRNA. Upon interactions with the targeting mRNAs, cis-acting asRNAs can either block ribosome binding or recruit RNAase to degrade the targeting mRNAs. Consequently, the function of these cis-acting asRNAs is to repress translation of the targeting mRNAs. Besides cis-acting asRNAs that target mRNAs, there are cis-acting epigenetic silencers and activators. Antisense RNA has been shown to repress the translation of LINE1-ORF2 domain of Entamoeba histolytica. However it is not confirmed yet whether its cis-acting or trans.
In terms of epigenetic modification, cis-acting refers to the nature of these asRNAs that regulate epigenetic changes around the loci where they are transcribed. Instead of targeting individual mRNAs, these cis-acting epigenetic regulators can recruit chromatin modifying enzymes which can exert effects on both the transcription loci and the neighboring genes.
Trans-acting
Trans-acting asRNAs are transcribed from loci that are distal from the targeting genes. In contrast to cis-acting asRNAs, they display low degree of complementarity with the target gene but can be longer than cis-acting asRNAs. They can also target multiple loci. Because of these properties of trans-acting asRNAs, they form less stable complexes with their targeting transcripts and sometimes require aids from RNA chaperone protein such as Hfq to exert their functions. Due to the complexity of the trans-acting asRNAs, they are currently considered to be less druggable targets.
Function
Epigenetic regulation
Many examples of asRNAs show the inhibitory effect on transcription initiation via epigenetic modifications.
DNA methylation
DNA methylation can result in long term downregulation of specific genes. Repression of functional proteins via asRNA induced DNA methylation has been found in several human disease. In a class of alpha-thalassemia, a type of blood disorder that has reduced level of hemoglobin leading to insufficient oxygen in the tissues, hemoglobin alpha1 gene (HBA1) is downregulated by an abnormal transcript of putative RNA-binding protein Luc7-like (LUC71) that serves as an asRNA to HBA1 and induces methylation of HBA1's promoter. Another example is silencing of a tumor suppressor gene p15INK4b, also called CDKN2B, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. The asRNA that is responsible for this silencing effect is antisense non-coding RNA in the INK locus (ANRIL), which is expressed in the same locus that encodes for p15INK4b.
Histone modification
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is tightly packed by histones. Modification on histones can change interactions with DNA which can further induce changes in gene expression. The biological consequences of histone methylation are context dependent. In general, histone methylation leads to gene repression but gene activation can also be achieved. Evidence has shown histone methylation can be induced by asRNAs. For instance, ANRIL, in addition to the ability to induce DNA methylation, can also repress the neighboring gene of CDKN2B, CDKN2A, by recruiting polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) which leads to histone methylation (H3K27me). Another classic example is X chromosome inactivation by XIST.
ANRIL induced epigenetic modification is an example of cis acting epigenetic regulation. In addition, Antisense RNA-induced chromatin modification can be both trans-acting. For example, in mammals, the asRNA HOTAIR is transcribed from homeobox C (HOXC) locus but it recruits PRC2 to HOXD which deposits H3K27 and silences HOXD. HOTAIR is highly expressed in primary breast tumors.
Co-transcriptional regulation
Epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation and histone methylation can repress gene expression by inhibiting initiation of transcription. Sometimes, however, gene repression can be achieved by prematurely terminating or slowing down transcription process. AsRNAs can be involved in this level of gene regulation. For example, in bacterial or eukaryotic cells where complex RNA polymerases are present, bidirectional transcription at the same locus can lead to polymerase collision and results in the termination of transcription. Even when polymerase collision is unlikely during weak transcription, polymerase pausing can also occur which blocks elongation and leads to gene repression. One of the examples is repression of IME4 gene by its asRNA RME2. Another way of affecting transcription co-transcriptionally is by blocking splicing. One classic example in human is zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 2 gene (ZEB2) which encodes E-cadherin, a transcriptional repressor. Efficient translation of ZEB2 mRNA requires the presence of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in intron of the mRNA at the 5' end. With the asRNA of ZEB2 being expressed, it can mask the splicing site and maintain the IRES in the mRNA which results in an efficient synthesis of E-cadherin. Lastly, depending on the level of asRNA expression, different isoforms of the sense transcript can be produced. Therefore, asRNA dependent regulation is not limited to on/off mechanism; rather, it presents a fine tone control system.
Post-transcriptional regulation
The direct post transcriptional modulation by asRNAs refers to mRNAs being targeted by asRNAs directly; thus, the translation is affected. Some characteristics of this type of asRNAs are described in the cis- and trans- acting asRNAs. This mechanism is relatively fast because both the targeting mRNA and its asRNA need to be present simultaneously in the same cell. As described in the cis-acting asRNAs, the mRNA-asRNA pairing can result in blockage of ribosome entry and RNase H dependent degradation. Overall, mRNA-targeting asRNAs can either activate or inhibit translation of the sense mRNAs with inhibitory effect being the most abundant.
Therapeutic potential
As a regulatory element, asRNAs bear many advantages to be considered as a drug target. First of all, asRNAs regulate gene expression at multiple levels including transcription, post-transcription and epigenetic modification. Secondly, the cis-acting asRNAs are sequence specific and exhibits high degree of complementarity with the targeting genes. Thirdly, the expression level of asRNAs is very small compared to that of the targeting mRNAs; therefore, only small amount of asRNAs is required to produce an effect. In terms of drug targets, this represents a huge advantage because only a low dosage is required for effectiveness.
Recent years the idea of targeting asRNAs to increase gene expression in a locus specific manner has been drawing much attention. Due to the nature of drug development, it is always easier to have drugs functioning as downregulators or inhibitors. However, there is a need in developing drugs that can activate or upregulate gene expression such as tumor suppressor genes, neuroprotective growth factors and genes that are found silenced in certain Mendelian disorders. Currently, the approach to restore deficient gene expression or protein function include enzyme replacement therapies, microRNA therapies and delivery of functional cDNA. However, each bears some drawbacks. For example, the synthesized protein used in the enzyme replacement therapies often cannot mimic the whole function of the endogenous protein. In addition, enzyme replacement therapies are life-long commitment and carry a large financial burden for the patient. Because of the locus specific nature of asRNAs and evidences of changes in asRNA expression in many diseases, there have been attempts to design single stranded oligonucleotides, referred as antagoNATs, to inhibit asRNAs and ultimately to increase specific gene expression.
Despite the promises of asRNAs as drug targets or drug candidates, there are some challenges remained to be addressed. First of all, asRNAs and antagoNATs can be easily degraded by RNase or other degrading enzymes. To prevent degradation of the therapeutic oliogoneucleotides, chemical modification is usually required. The most common chemical modification on the oligonucleotides is adding a phosphorothioate linkage to the backbones. However, the phosphrothioate modification can be proinflammatory. Adverse effects including fever, chills or nausea have been observed after local injection of phosphrothioate modified oligonucleotides. Secondly, off target toxicity also represents a big problem. Despite the locus-specific nature of the endogenous asRNAs, only 10β50% synthesized oligonucleotides showed expected targeting effect. One possible reason for this problem is the high requirement on the structure of the asRNAs to be recognized by the target sequence and RNase H. A single mismatch can result in distortion in the secondary structure and lead to off target effects. Lastly, artificial asRNAs have been shown to have limited intracellular uptake. Although neurons and glia have been shown to have the ability to freely uptake naked antisense oligonucleotides, a traceable carriers such as virus and lipid vesicles would still be ideal to control and monitor the intracellular concentration and metabolism.
See also
Cis-natural antisense transcript
References
Non-coding RNA |
Healing is the debut album by the nu metal band Γnloco. It was released on March 20, 2001 via Maverick. Healing embraced an outlandish alternative metal sound, which meshed appropriately with the band's aggressive, angst-ridden lyrics. Γnloco's first single, "Face Down", reflected Maverick's desire to highlight the band's reflective and acoustic edge. The songs "Panic" and "Nothing" were featured in the video game Test Drive: Off-Road Wide Open.
Reception
Commercially, Healing failed to gather mainstream attention, and its release flew under the radar during the nu metal phase of the early 2000s period. AllMusic's Michael Gallucci gave the album a highly negative one-and-a-half-star review, noting "There's no explanation for why anyone should listen to these neo-metal knuckleheads when there is already plenty of other rap-metal macho men doing the same thing."
Track listing
While the CD credits only the four current band members Joey Duenas, Marc Serrano, Victor Escareno, and Peter Navarrete, the band also verbally credit former guitarist, Brian Arthur, for the writing of multiple songs, but have yet to officially release details specifying which band members wrote which songs.
References
2001 debut albums
Γnloco albums
Maverick Records albums |
Pavel Vasilievich Shejn (, ; 1826, Mogilev β 1900, Riga) was a major Russian and Belarusian ethnographer and folklorist of Jewish origin. A prolific collector of folklore himself, Shejn was equally notable for organizing and encouraging a vast network of amateur folklorists.
Pavel Shejn was born a son of a Jewish merchant in Mogilev. Due to poor health he was often unable to attend school and studied on his own. As a teenager, he studied in a Lutheran school in Moscow, and himself converted to Lutheranism. Later in life he was for a some time a teacher at the school organized by Leo Tolstoy in Yasnaya Polyana. Despite the lack of formal training in philology, Shejn was an influential scholar, and his three-volume publication of Belarusian folklore remains one of the most important collections in the field.
References
Literature
ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π. Π. ΠΠ°Π²Π΅Π» ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ Π¨Π΅ΠΉΠ½ : ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° / Π. Π. ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². β ΠΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊ : ΠΡΡΡΠΉΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°, 1972. β 223 Ρ., 1 Π». ΠΏ.
Russian ethnographers
Belarusian ethnographers
Russian folklorists
Belarusian folklorists
1826 births
1900 deaths |
Disinformation is false information deliberately spread to deceive people. Disinformation is an orchestrated adversarial activity in which actors insert strategic deceptions and media manipulation tactics to advance political, military, or commercial goals. Disinformation is implemented through attacks that weaponize multiple rhetorical strategies and forms of knowingβincluding not only falsehoods but also truths, half-truths, and value judgementsβto exploit and amplify culture wars and other identity-driven controversies."
In contrast, misinformation refers to inaccuracies that stem from inadvertent error. Misinformation can be used to create disinformation when known misinformation is purposefully and intentionally disseminated. "Fake news" has sometimes been categorized as a type of disinformation, but scholars have advised not using these two terms interchangeably or using "fake news" altogether in academic writing since politicians have weaponized it to describe any unfavorable news coverage or information.
Etymology
The English word disinformation comes from the application of the Latin prefix dis- to information making the meaning "reversal or removal of information". The rarely used word had appeared with this usage in print at least as far back as 1887.
Some consider it a loan translation of the Russian , transliterated as dezinformatsiya, apparently derived from the title of a KGB black propaganda department. Soviet planners in the 1950s defined as "dissemination (in
the press, on the radio, etc.) of false reports intended to mislead public opinion."
Disinformation first made an appearance in dictionaries in 1985, specifically, Webster's New College Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary. In 1986, the term disinformation was not defined in Webster's New World Thesaurus or New Encyclopædia Britannica. After the Soviet term became widely known in the 1980s, native speakers of English broadened the term as "any government communication (either overt or covert) containing intentionally false and misleading material, often combined selectively with true information, which seeks to mislead and manipulate either elites or a mass audience."
By 1990, use of the term disinformation had fully established itself in the English language within the lexicon of politics. By 2001, the term disinformation had come to be known as simply a more civil phrase for saying someone was lying. Stanley B. Cunningham wrote in his 2002 book The Idea of Propaganda that disinformation had become pervasively used as a synonym for propaganda.
Operationalization
The Shorenstein Center at Harvard University defines disinformation research as an academic field that studies βthe spread and impacts of misinformation, disinformation, and media manipulation,β including βhow it spreads through online and offline channels, and why people are susceptible to believing bad information, and successful strategies for mitigating its impactβ According to a 2023 research article published in New Media & Society, disinformation circulates on social media through deception campaigns implemented in multiple ways including: astroturfing, conspiracy theories, clickbait, culture wars, echo chambers, hoaxes, fake news, propaganda, pseudiscience, and rumors.
In order to distinguish between similar terms, including misinformation and malinformation, scholars collectively agree on the definitions for each term as follows: (1) disinformation is the strategic dissemination of false information with the intention to cause public harm; (2) misinformation represents the unintentional spread of false information; and (3) malinformation is factual information disseminated with the intention to cause harm, these terms are abbreviated 'DMMI'.
Vs. propaganda
Whether and to what degree disinformation and propaganda overlap is subject to debate. Some (like U.S. Department of State) define propaganda as the use of non-rational arguments to either advance or undermine a political ideal, and use disinformation as an alternative name for undermining propaganda. While others consider them to be separate concepts altogether. One popular distinction holds that disinformation also describes politically motivated messaging designed explicitly to engender public cynicism, uncertainty, apathy, distrust, and paranoia, all of which disincentivize citizen engagement and mobilization for social or political change.
Practice
Disinformation is the label often given to Foreign information manipulation and interference (FIMI). Studies on disinformation are often concerned with the content of activity whereas the broader concept of FIMI is more concerned with the "behaviour of an actor" that is described through the military doctrine concept of tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).
Disinformation is primarily carried out by government intelligence agencies, but has also been used by non-governmental organizations and businesses. Front groups are a form of disinformation, as they mislead the public about their true objectives and who their controllers are. Most recently, disinformation has been deliberately spread through social media in the form of "fake news", disinformation masked as legitimate news articles and meant to mislead readers or viewers. Disinformation may include distribution of forged documents, manuscripts, and photographs, or spreading dangerous rumours and fabricated intelligence. Use of these tactics can lead to blowback, however, causing such unintended consequences such as defamation lawsuits or damage to the dis-informer's reputation.
Worldwide
Soviet disinformation
Russian disinformation
American disinformation
The United States Intelligence Community appropriated use of the term disinformation in the 1950s from the Russian dezinformatsiya, and began to use similar strategies during the Cold War and in conflict with other nations. The New York Times reported in 2000 that during the CIA's effort to substitute Mohammed Reza Pahlavi for then-Prime Minister of Iran Mohammad Mossadegh, the CIA placed fictitious stories in the local newspaper. Reuters documented how, subsequent to the 1979 Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan during the SovietβAfghan War, the CIA put false articles in newspapers of Islamic-majority countries, inaccurately stating that Soviet embassies had "invasion day celebrations". Reuters noted a former U.S. intelligence officer said they would attempt to gain the confidence of reporters and use them as secret agents, to affect a nation's politics by way of their local media.
In October 1986, the term gained increased currency in the U.S. when it was revealed that two months previously, the Reagan Administration had engaged in a disinformation campaign against then-leader of Libya, Muammar Gaddafi. White House representative Larry Speakes said reports of a planned attack on Libya as first broken by The Wall Street Journal on August 25, 1986, were "authoritative", and other newspapers including The Washington Post then wrote articles saying this was factual. U.S. State Department representative Bernard Kalb resigned from his position in protest over the disinformation campaign, and said: "Faith in the word of America is the pulse beat of our democracy."
The executive branch of the Reagan administration kept watch on disinformation campaigns through three yearly publications by the Department of State: Active Measures: A Report on the Substance and Process of Anti-U.S. Disinformation and Propaganda Campaigns (1986); Report on Active Measures and Propaganda, 1986β87 (1987); and Report on Active Measures and Propaganda, 1987β88 (1989).
Response
Responses from cultural leaders
Pope Francis condemned disinformation in a 2016 interview, after being made the subject of a fake news website during the 2016 U.S. election cycle which falsely claimed that he supported Donald Trump. He said the worst thing the news media could do was spread disinformation. He said the act was a sin, comparing those who spread disinformation to individuals who engage in coprophilia.
Ethics in warfare
In a contribution to the 2014 book Military Ethics and Emerging Technologies, writers David Danks and Joseph H. Danks discuss the ethical implications in using disinformation as a tactic during information warfare. They note there has been a significant degree of philosophical debate over the issue as related to the ethics of war and use of the technique. The writers describe a position whereby the use of disinformation is occasionally allowed, but not in all situations. Typically the ethical test to consider is whether the disinformation was performed out of a motivation of good faith and acceptable according to the rules of war. By this test, the tactic during World War II of putting fake inflatable tanks in visible locations on the Pacific Islands in order to falsely present the impression that there were larger military forces present would be considered as ethically permissible. Conversely, disguising a munitions plant as a healthcare facility in order to avoid attack would be outside the bounds of acceptable use of disinformation during war.
Research
Research related to disinformation studies is increasing as an applied area of inquiry. The call to formally classify disinformation as a cybersecurity threat is made by advocates due to its increase in social networking sites. Researchers working for the University of Oxford found that over a three-year period the number of governments engaging in online disinformation rose from 28 in 2017, to 40 in 2018, and 70 in 2019. Despite the proliferation of social media websites, Facebook and Twitter showed the most activity in terms of active disinformation campaigns. Techniques reported on included the use of bots to amplify hate speech, the illegal harvesting of data, and paid trolls to harass and threaten journalists.
Whereas disinformation research focuses primarily on how actors orchestrate deceptions on social media, primarily via fake news, new research investigates how people take what started as deceptions and circulate them as their personal views. As a result, research shows that disinformation can be conceptualized as a program that encourages engagement in oppositional fantasies (i.e., culture wars), through which disinformation circulates as rhetorical ammunition for never-ending arguments. As disinformation entangles with culture wars, identity-driven controversies constitute a vehicle through which disinformation disseminates on social media. This means that disinformation thrives, not despite raucous grudges but because of them. The reason is that controversies provide fertile ground for never-ending debates that solidify points of view.
Scholars have pointed out that disinformation is not only a foreign threat as domestic purveyors of disinformation are also leveraging traditional media outlets such as newspapers, radio stations, and television news media to disseminate false information. Current research suggests right-wing online political activists in the United States may be more likely to use disinformation as a strategy and tactic. Governments have responded with a wide range of policies to address concerns about the potential threats that disinformation poses to democracy, however, there is little agreement in elite policy discourse or academic literature as to what it means for disinformation to threaten democracy, and how different policies might help to counter its negative implications.
Consequences of exposure to disinformation online
There is a broad consensus amongst scholars that there is a high degree of disinformation, misinformation, and propaganda online; however, it is unclear to what extent such disinformation has on political attitudes in the public and, therefore, political outcomes. This conventional wisdom has come mostly from investigative journalists, with a particular rise during the 2016 U.S. election: some of the earliest work came from Craig Silverman at Buzzfeed News. Cass Sunstein supported this in #Republic, arguing that the internet would become rife with echo chambers and informational cascades of misinformation leading to a highly polarized and ill-informed society.
Research after the 2016 election found: (1) for 14 percent of Americans social media was their "most important" source of election news; 2) known false news stories "favoring Trump were shared a total of 30 million times on Facebook, while those favoring Clinton were shared 8 million times"; 3) the average American adult saw fake news stories, "with just over half of those who recalled seeing them believing them"; and 4) people are more likely to "believe stories that favor their preferred candidate, especially if they have ideologically segregated social media networks." Correspondingly, whilst there is wide agreement that the digital spread and uptake of disinformation during the 2016 election was massive and very likely facilitated by foreign agents, there is an ongoing debate on whether all this had any actual effect on the election. For example, a double blind randomized-control experiment by researchers from the London School of Economics (LSE), found that exposure to online fake news about either Trump or Clinton had no significant effect on intentions to vote for those candidates. Researchers who examined the influence of Russian disinformation on Twitter during the 2016 US presidential campaign found that exposure to disinformation was (1) concentrated among a tiny group of users, (2) primarily among Republicans, and (3) eclipsed by exposure to legitimate political news media and politicians. Finally, they find "no evidence of a meaningful relationship between exposure to the Russian foreign influence campaign and changes in attitudes, polarization, or voting behavior." As such, despite its mass dissemination during the 2016 Presidential Elections, online fake news or disinformation probably did not cost Hillary Clinton the votes needed to secure the presidency.
Research on this topic is continuing, and some evidence is less clear. For example, internet access and time spent on social media does not appear correlated with polarisation. Further, misinformation appears not to significantly change political knowledge of those exposed to it. There seems to be a higher level of diversity of news sources that users are exposed to on Facebook and Twitter than conventional wisdom would dictate, as well as a higher frequency of cross-spectrum discussion. Other evidence has found that disinformation campaigns rarely succeed in altering the foreign policies of the targeted states.
Research is also challenging because disinformation is meant to be difficult to detect and some social media companies have discouraged outside research efforts. For example, researchers found disinformation made "existing detection algorithms from traditional news media ineffective or not applicable...[because disinformation] is intentionally written to mislead readers...[and] users' social engagements with fake news produce data that is big, incomplete, unstructured, and noisy." Facebook, the largest social media company, has been criticized by analytical journalists and scholars for preventing outside research of disinformation.
Strategies for spreading disinformation
The research literature on how disinformation spreads is growing. Studies show that disinformation spread in social media can be classified into two broad stages: seeding and echoing. "Seeding," when malicious actors strategically insert deceptions, like fake news, into a social media ecosystem, and "echoing" is when the audience disseminates disinformation argumentatively as their own opinions often by incorporating disinformation into a confrontational fantasy. Studies show four main methods of seeding disinformation:
Selective censorship
Manipulation of search rankings
Hacking and releasing
Directly Sharing Disinformation
See also
Active Measures Working Group
Agitprop
Black propaganda
Censorship
Chinese information operations and information warfare
Counter Misinformation Team
COVID-19 misinformation
Deepfakes
Demoralization (warfare)
Denial and deception
Disinformation in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Fake news
False flag
Fear, uncertainty and doubt
Gaslighting
Internet manipulation
Knowledge falsification
Kompromat
Manufacturing Consent
Military deception
Post-truth politics
Propaganda in the Soviet Union
Sharp power
Social engineering (political science)
The Disinformation Project
Notes
References
Further reading
O'Connor, Cailin, and James Owen Weatherall, "Why We Trust Lies: The most effective misinformation starts with seeds of truth", Scientific American, vol. 321, no. 3 (September 2019), pp.Β 54β61.
External links
Disinformation β a learning resource from the British Library including an interactive movie and activities.
MediaWell β an initiative of the nonprofit Social Science Research Council seeking to track and curate disinformation, misinformation, and fake news research.
Deception
Communication of falsehoods
Media manipulation
Propaganda techniques
Black propaganda
1920s neologisms
Russian words and phrases
Psychological warfare techniques
Intelligence operations by type |
```go
package stores
import "jvmgo/ch10/instructions/base"
import "jvmgo/ch10/rtda"
import "jvmgo/ch10/rtda/heap"
// Store into reference array
type AASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *AASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
ref := stack.PopRef()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
refs := arrRef.Refs()
checkIndex(len(refs), index)
refs[index] = ref
}
// Store into byte or boolean array
type BASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *BASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopInt()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
bytes := arrRef.Bytes()
checkIndex(len(bytes), index)
bytes[index] = int8(val)
}
// Store into char array
type CASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *CASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopInt()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
chars := arrRef.Chars()
checkIndex(len(chars), index)
chars[index] = uint16(val)
}
// Store into double array
type DASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *DASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopDouble()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
doubles := arrRef.Doubles()
checkIndex(len(doubles), index)
doubles[index] = float64(val)
}
// Store into float array
type FASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *FASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopFloat()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
floats := arrRef.Floats()
checkIndex(len(floats), index)
floats[index] = float32(val)
}
// Store into int array
type IASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *IASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopInt()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
ints := arrRef.Ints()
checkIndex(len(ints), index)
ints[index] = int32(val)
}
// Store into long array
type LASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *LASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopLong()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
longs := arrRef.Longs()
checkIndex(len(longs), index)
longs[index] = int64(val)
}
// Store into short array
type SASTORE struct{ base.NoOperandsInstruction }
func (self *SASTORE) Execute(frame *rtda.Frame) {
stack := frame.OperandStack()
val := stack.PopInt()
index := stack.PopInt()
arrRef := stack.PopRef()
checkNotNil(arrRef)
shorts := arrRef.Shorts()
checkIndex(len(shorts), index)
shorts[index] = int16(val)
}
func checkNotNil(ref *heap.Object) {
if ref == nil {
panic("java.lang.NullPointerException")
}
}
func checkIndex(arrLen int, index int32) {
if index < 0 || index >= int32(arrLen) {
panic("ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException")
}
}
``` |
Neobola bottegoi is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae.
It is endemic to Lake Turkana and the Omo River of Ethiopia. It can reach a maximum length of 7.3Β cm.
Named in honor of Italian Army officer Vittorio Bottego (1860-1897), who led expedition to Somalia (1895-1897), during which type specimen was collected.
References
Neobola
Fish of Ethiopia
Fish of Lake Turkana
Taxa named by Decio Vinciguerra
Fish described in 1895 |
Alexander Scriabin's Prelude Opus 51 No. 2 is the second of his Quatre Morceaux (Four Pieces) op. 51, published in 1906. It is notated in A minor. It is written in a 6/8 beat in 30 measures (plus upbeat) and should be expressed Lugubre (dire).
This is one of several pieces Scriabin never played in public (together with the Sonata No. 6 (op. 62)). He called it "Shattered Strings" (German "Zersprungene Saiten") when Leonid Sabaneyev reminded him of the piece during a discussion about minor and major. Sabaneyev quotes him with "Oh, let's not talk about this! This is a ghastly piece! [...] I was in an appalling situation back then. This Prelude, and also the Marche funebre in the First Sonata formed in moments disheartenment... But only these two!" (referring to his allegation that he had abandoned the minor tonality a long time ago).
References
External links
1906 compositions
Preludes by Alexander Scriabin
Compositions in A minor |
The Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem or Basilica di Santa Croce in Gerusalemme () is a Catholic Minor basilica and titular church in rione Esquilino, Rome, Italy. It is one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome.
According to Christian tradition, the basilica was consecrated circa 325 to house the relics of the Passion of Jesus Christ brought to Rome from the Holy Land by Empress Helena, mother of Roman Emperor Constantine I. The basilica's floor was covered with soil from Jerusalem, thus acquiring the title in Hierusalem; it is not dedicated to the Holy Cross of Jerusalem, but the basilica was considered in a sense to be "in Jerusalem" (much in the way that an embassy today is considered extraterritorial). The current Cardinal Priest of the Titulus S. Crucis in Hierusalem is Juan JosΓ© Omella.
History
The basilica is built on the foundations of an imperial villa called Horti Variani ad Spem Veterem which was begun by the Emperor Septimius Severus and finished by the Emperor Elagabalus in the third century. The site included the Amphitheatrum Castrense, the Circus Varianus and the Eleniane Baths (so called after the restoration carried out by the Empress Helena). It contained a residential nucleus in which there was a large hall (later forming the basis for the basilica) and an apsed hall.
The villa was deprived of some of its material when the Aurelian Walls were constructed in 272. At the beginning of the 4th century the palace was chosen as a residence by the Empress Helena, mother of Constantine, with the name of Palazzo Sessoriano. The name Sessoriano comes from the Latin sedeo, or "siedo" since in the late imperial era the imperial council used to meet in a hall of the palace. It was on her initiative that the large rectangular hall was transformed into a Christian basilica around 320, originally covered by a flat ceiling, illuminated by twenty windows placed five on each side and with valuable marble decoration in the lower register. Helena had some soil from Calvary dispersed.
The basilica of Santa Croce was declared a titular church by Pope Gregory I in 523. Despite the fact it was located on the outskirts of Rome, it became a destination of regular pilgrimage, thanks to the popularity of the relics it kept. In the eighth century, the basilica was restored by Pope Gregory II. After the Basilica fell into neglect, Pope Lucius II restored it in the 12th century, giving it a Romanesque appearance, with a nave, two aisles, belfry, and porch. The Cosmatesque pavement dates from this period. Of the eight original floors of the bell tower, only the last four remain visible; the first four floors are instead incorporated into the monastery below.
The foundation of the monastery dates to the 10th century. Over the centuries, various religious communities have alternated in the complex. Pope Leo IX, in 1049, entrusted the monastery to the Benedictines of Montecassino. In 1062 Pope Alexander II installed the Canons Regular of San Frediano di Lucca, who abandoned it during the period of the Avignonese papacy. Around 1370, Pope Urban V assigned Santa Croce to the Carthusians, who remained there until 1561, when the Lombard Cistercians of the Congregation of Saint Bernard took over. This congregation was finally suppressed in 2011 by a decree of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, after an inquiry found evidence of liturgical and financial irregularities as well as irregular lifestyle.
Throughout the course of the Middle Ages the basilica was a popular destination for pilgrimages, particularly of a penitential type, and especially during the period of Lent. On Good Friday popes themselves walked barefoot, as a sign of penance, along the road that connected Saint John Lateran (papal residence) to the basilica of Santa Croce to come and venerate the relic of the Cross of Jesus. This tradition was then taken up by the Roman Missal and integrated into the Liturgy of Good Friday, which includes a moment of adoration of the cross.
In the vault is a mosaic designed by Melozzo da Forlì, created some time before 1485 and depicting Jesus Blessing, Histories of the Cross, and various saints. The altar has a large statue of St. Helena, which was created by adapting an ancient statue of the Roman goddess Juno discovered at Ostia. The basilica was further modified in the 16th century.
In 1601, during his first stay in Rome, Peter Paul Rubens was commissioned by Archduke Albert of Austria to paint his first altarpiece, St. Helena with the True Cross, for one of the side chapels. Two of the side panels, St. Helena with the True Cross and The Mocking of Christ, are now in Grasse, France. The third, The Elevation of the Cross, has been lost. The church assumed its current late Baroque appearance under Pope Benedict XIV (1740β58), who had been its titular prior to his elevation to the Papacy. This eighteenth-century restructuring led to a total renewal of the interior, with the vault painted by Corrado Giaquinto (a celebrated artist of the time). Finally, new streets were also opened to connect the Basilica to San Giovanni in Laterano and Santa Maria Maggiore. The faΓ§ade of the Basilica, which was designed by Pietro Passalacqua and Domenico Gregorini, shares the typical late Roman Baroque style of these other basilicas.
Cappella delle Reliquie
Several famous relics of disputed authenticity are housed in the Cappella delle Reliquie, built in 1930 by architect Florestano Di Fausto, including part of the Elogium or Titulus Crucis, i.e. the panel which was hung on Christ's Cross (generally either ignored by scholars or considered to be a medieval forgery); two thorns of the Crown of Thorns; part of a nail; the index finger of St. Thomas; and three small wooden pieces of the True Cross. A much larger piece of the True Cross was taken from the Basilica on the instructions of Pope Urban VIII in 1629 to St. Peter's Basilica, where it is kept near the colossal statue of St. Empress Helena sculpted by Andrea Bolgi in 1639.
Other Art
The apse of the Basilica includes frescoes telling the Legends of the True Cross, attributed to Melozzo, Antoniazzo Romano, and Marco Palmezzano. The Museum of the Basilica houses a mosaic icon which, according to the legend, Pope Gregory I had made after a vision of Christ. The icon, however, is believed to have been given to the Basilica around 1385 by Raimondo Del Balzo Orsini. Notable also is the tomb of Cardinal Francisco de QuiΓ±ones sculpted by Jacopo Sansovino in 1536.
List of Cardinal-Priests
Amicus (1120 β 1121/2)
Gerardo Caccianemici (1123β44)
Ubaldo Caccianemici (1144 β 1170/1171)
Ardoino da Piacenza (1178β1182)
Albinus (March 1185β1189)
Leone Brancaleone (1202β1224)
Pietro d'Aquila (1294β1298)
Teodorico Ranieri (1298β1299)
Raymond de Canillac (1350β1361)
Gui de Maillesec (1375β1384)
Cosma Gentile Migliorati (1389β1404)
Giovanni Migliorati (1405β1410)
Francesco Lando (1411β1424)
NiccolΓ² Albergati (1426β1433)
Domenico Capranica (1444β1458)
Angelo Capranica (1460β1472)
Pedro GonzΓ‘lez de Mendoza (1478β1495)
Bernardino LΓ³pez de Carvajal (1495β1507), in commendam (1507β1511)
Antonio Maria Ciocchi del Monte, in commendam (1511β1527)
Francisco de QuiΓ±ones (1527β1540)
Marcello Cervini (1540β1555)
BartolomΓ© de la Cueva de Albuquerque (1555β1562)
Giovanni Antonio Capizucchi (1562β1565)
Francisco Pacheco de Toledo (1565β1579)
Albert VII, Archduke of Austria (1580β1598)
Francisco de MΓΊxica GuzmΓ‘n de Avila (1599β1606)
Ascanio Colonna (1606)
Antonio Zapata y Cisneros (1606β1616)
Gaspar de Borja y Velasco (1616β1630)
Baltasar Moscoso y Sandoval (1630β1665)
Alfonso Litta (1666β1679)
Johann Eberhard Neidhardt SJ (1679β1681)
Decio Azzolino the younger (1681β1683)
vacant (1683β1689)
Pedro de Salazar (1689β1706)
Ulisse Giuseppe Gozzadini (1709β1728)
Prospero Lambertini (1728β1740)
Giuseppe Firrao (seniore) (1740β1744)
Gioacchino Besozzi (1744β1755)
Luca Melchiore Tempi (1757β1762)
Lodovico Valenti (1762β1763)
Nicola Serra (1766β1767)
Antonio Eugenio Visconti (1775β1788)
FrantiΕ‘ek de Paula HrzΓ‘n z Harrasova (1788β1804)
Vacant (1804β1816)
Alessandro Malvasia (1816β1819)
Placido Zurla (1823β1834)
Alessandro Giustiniani (1834β1843)
Antonio Maria Cagiano de Azevedo (1844β1854)
JΓ‘nos Scitovszky (1854β1866)
Raffaele Monaco La Valletta (1868β1884)
Lucido Maria Parocchi (1884β1889)
Pierre-Lambert Goossens (1889β1906)
Benedetto Lorenzelli (1907β1915)
Willem Marinus van Rossum (1915β1932)
Pietro Fumasoni Biondi (1933β1960)
Giuseppe Ferretto (1961)
Efrem Forni (1962β1976)
Victor Razafimahatratra (1976β1993)
Miloslav Vlk (1994β2017)
Juan JosΓ© Omella (2017βpresent)
Notes
References
Raimondo Besozzi, La storia della Basilica di Santa Croce in Gerusalemme (Roma: Generoso Salomoni 1750).
Marie-ThΓ©odore de Busierre, Les sept basiliques de Rome Tome second (Paris: Jacques Lecoffre 1846), pp.Β 157β178.
Paolo Coen, Le Sette Chiese (Rome: Newton Compton).
Claudio Rendina, La Grande Enciclopedia di Roma (Rome: Newton Compton)
External links
Official Site
Description in the site of the "Soprintendenza Speciale per il Colosseo, il MNR e l'Area archeologica di Roma"
High-resolution 360Β° Panoramas and Images of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme | Art Atlas
4th-century churches
12th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy
18th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy
4th-century establishments in the Roman Empire
Basilica churches in Rome
Baroque architecture in Rome
Croce Gerusalemme
Burial places of popes
Holy Cross
Helena, mother of Constantine I |
Gobitrichinotus is a genus of sand darters, with one species from rivers in Madagascar and another from coastal waters (salt, brackish and fresh) of the western Pacific Ocean.
Species
There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
Gobitrichinotus arnoulti Kiener, 1963
Gobitrichinotus radiocularis Fowler, 1943
References
Kraemeriidae
Gobiidae
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
The 1928 New Mexico Lobos football team represented the University of New Mexico as an independent during the 1928 college football season. In their ninth season under head coach Roy W. Johnson, the Lobos compiled a 5β2β1 record.
The loss to on October 13 marked the end of a 13-game unbeaten streak (11 wins and 2 ties), a seven-game winning streak, and 12-game home winning streak. Those streaks remain the longest in school history.
In the team's October 6 victory over Montezuma College, M. Nelson set a school record with a 95-yard interception return. Nelson's return remains the fourth longest in school history through the end of the 2017 season.
Halfback John Dolzadelli and guard John P. "Jack" McFarland were the team captains. Dolzadelli was invited to play in the EastβWest Shrine Game at the end of the 1928 season; he was the first New Mexico player to be so honored.
Schedule
References
New Mexico
New Mexico Lobos football seasons
New Mexico Lobos football |
Qezel Lu (, also Romanized as Qezel LΕ« and QezellΕ«) is a village in Qaranqu Rural District, in the Central District of Hashtrud County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 372, in 54 families.
References
Towns and villages in Hashtrud County |
Hans Vilhelm Dopp Mandall Keilhau (18 August 1845 - 31 January 1917) was a Norwegian artillery officer and Government minister.
Keilhau was born in Bergen, Norway. He was the son of Lt. Col. William Christian Keilhau and was raised in a military family. He passed his college exam in 1870. He became an officer in 1866, Second lieutenant in 1872, First Lieutenant in 1876, Captain in 1888, Major in 1892 and Major General in 1900. He served as Minister of Defence during the administration of Prime Minister Gunnar Knudsen (1913-1914). Keilhau resigned at the outbreak of World War I.
References
1845 births
1917 deaths
Military personnel from Bergen
Norwegian military leaders
Defence ministers of Norway |
Herbert Westfaling (3 January 1630 β 1705) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.
Westfaling was the son of Herbert Westfaling of Mansell Gamage and his wife Elizabeth Frogmore, daughter of John Frogmore of Claines, Herefordshire.
In 1660, Westfaling was elected Member of Parliament for Hereford in the Convention Parliament. In 1661 he fought a highly contentious election for the Cavalier Parliament. Sir Henry Lingen, the other member, sought to replace Westfaling by his friend Sir Edward Hopton and gained control of the corporation before the royalist councillors were restored. The mayor created 80 freemen from Lingen's supporters and refused to do likewise for Westfaling. Lingen was returned unopposed, but Westfaling demanded a poll against Hopton. The mayor was detained in the Guild Hall on the first day and refused to go to the poll on the second day, declaring Hopton elected from Hopton's House. Westfaling persuaded the sheriff to take another return and Hopton topped the poll but with what turned out to be a number of invalid votes. Hopton was allowed to sit but the matter was referred to the elections committee. Sir Job Charlton noted that "there was a very strange carriage and some disturbance in the elections" and recommended Hopton be unseated. However parliament declared the election void, and Lingen and Westfaling were returned at the by-election. Westfaling sat until 1679.
Westfaling was mayor of Hereford in 1683.
Westfaling died at the age of 75.
Westfaling married Ann Edwards daughter of Sir Thomas Edwards.
References
1630 births
1705 deaths
English MPs 1660
Mayors of Hereford
English MPs 1661β1679 |
Marta V. MartΓnez is a community program administrator, activist and historian in Providence, Rhode Island.
MartΓnez grew up in El Paso, Texas. MartΓnez graduated from Providence College in 1979 and from George Washington University with a master's degree in journalism in 1985.
Much of MartΓnez's work has centered around advocacy for, and documenting the history of, the Latinx community in Rhode Island. She was the first director of the Hispanic Social Services Association (HSSA) which, during her tenure, became the Center for Hispanic Policy and Advocacy CHisPA), one of two non-profit organizations in Rhode Island in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1988, Marta V. MartΓnez founded the Hispanic Heritage Committee. The committee developed into the non-profit organization, Rhode Island Latino Arts. MartΓnez remains with the organization to date, acting as chair until 2013 and becoming executive director thereafter.
MartΓnez established Nuestras RaΓces: The Latino Oral History Project of Rhode Island in 1991 and MartΓnez's book, Latino History in Rhode Island (), in part a compilation of oral histories, was published in 2014.
MartΓnez has twice been named "Person to Watch" by the Providence Journal. She was also named artist-in-residence at Trinity Repertory Company in 2018, and she received an honorary degree from Providence College in 2019.
References
External links
Rhode Island Latino Arts website
Marta V. MartΓnez's website
Writers from Rhode Island
American arts administrators
Providence College alumni
George Washington University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people |
```smalltalk
"
I represent the callback invocation.
I have information about the activation of a given callback.
"
Class {
#name : 'TFCallbackInvocation',
#superclass : 'FFIExternalObject',
#instVars : [
'callback'
],
#category : 'ThreadedFFI-Callbacks',
#package : 'ThreadedFFI',
#tag : 'Callbacks'
}
{ #category : 'operations' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> arguments [
| parameterTypes argumentsAddress |
parameterTypes := self callback parameterTypes.
argumentsAddress := self argumentsAddress.
^ parameterTypes withIndexCollect: [ :type :idx |
type callbackReadValue: (argumentsAddress pointerAt: 1 + ((idx - 1) * Smalltalk wordSize)) ]
]
{ #category : 'accessing' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> argumentsAddress [
^ TFBasicType pointer
readValue: handle
offset: 1 + (TFBasicType pointer byteSize * 2)
]
{ #category : 'accessing' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> callback [
^ callback
]
{ #category : 'accessing' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> callback: aTFCallback [
callback := aTFCallback
]
{ #category : 'accessing' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> callbackData [
^ TFBasicType pointer callbackReadValue: handle
]
{ #category : 'operations' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> execute [
| returnValue transformedArguments |
transformedArguments := [ self arguments
with: callback parameterTypes
collect: [ :anArgument :aType | aType marshallFromPrimitive: anArgument ] ]
on: Exception
fork: [ :e | e debug ]
return: [ self arguments ].
[ returnValue := callback frontendCallback valueWithArguments: transformedArguments ]
ensure: [
returnValue := callback returnType marshallToPrimitive: (callback isSuccess
ifTrue: [ returnValue ]
ifFalse: [ callback frontendCallback returnOnError ]).
self isNull ifFalse: [
callback returnType isVoid
ifFalse: [ self writeReturnValue: returnValue ].
self runner returnCallback: self ] ]
]
{ #category : 'private' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> primCallbackReturn [
<primitive: 'primitiveCallbackReturn'>
"It returns true if the callback can return, and false if the order is not correct and should
retry later"
^ self primitiveFailed
]
{ #category : 'operations' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> returnExecution [
"It returns true if the callback can return, and false if the order is not correct and should retry later"
^ self primCallbackReturn
ifTrue: [ handle beNull. true ]
ifFalse: [ false ]
]
{ #category : 'accessing' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> returnHolder [
^ TFBasicType pointer readValue: handle offset: 1 + TFBasicType pointer byteSize
]
{ #category : 'accessing' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> runner [
^ self callback runner
]
{ #category : 'operations' }
TFCallbackInvocation >> writeReturnValue: aValue [
self callback returnType
callbackWrite: aValue
into: self returnHolder
]
``` |
Ecole Polytechnique de Tunisie (EPT), ( al-madrasa at-tounisia lit-takniat, or EPT) is a Tunisian Engineering School. It was founded on June 26, 1991 by order of law NΒ°91-42, and welcomed its first students in September 1994.
The school is under the sole supervision of the University of Carthage and recruits from a pool of top ranking students from the national engineering school entrance exam. The majority of students belong to the Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies.
Admission
EPT selects only fifty students each academic year from a pool of approximately 4000 students that passed the Tunisian engineering school entrance exam: 30 are selected from MP (Math-Physics) major, 10 are selected from the PC (Physics-Chemistry) major and 10 are selected from T (Technology) major. Admitted students receive three years of multidisciplinary engineering curriculum.
See also
University of Carthage
References
External links
Tunisia Polytechnic School official web site.
Tunisia Polytechnic School virtual tour.
Education in Tunisia
Educational organisations based in Tunisia
Scientific organisations based in Tunisia
Carthage University |
The Greater London Council Staff Association (GLCSA) was a trade union representing workers for the London-wide council.
The union was founded in 1909 as the London County Council Staff Association, to represent clerical, technical and professional staff at the London County Council. It was initially a section of the National Association of Local Government Officers (NALGO), but in 1916 it split from NALGO and became independent. It held a majority of trade union seats on the Whitley Council for London staff, although membership always remained below 20,000. While NALGO repeatedly tried to get the union to re-affiliate, association members feared that if it did so, the London Whitley Council would be merged into the national one for local authority workers.
In 1955, the union affiliated to the Trades Union Congress, ten years before NALGO followed suit. When the London County Council was replaced by the Greater London Council, the union changed its name to the Greater London Council Staff Association. In later years, it also represented workers at the Inner London Education Authority, London Ambulance Service, Thames Water Authority, and at polytechnics and probation services in the city.
In 1985, the union shortened its name to the Greater London Staff Association (GLSA). The Greater London Council was abolished in 1986, greatly reducing the union's membership. As a result, in 1988 it merged into the GMB.
General Secretaries
1955: Laurence Welsh
1963: Frederick Thomas Hollocks
1980s: C. S. Corcoran
1986: Arthur Capelin
References
Defunct trade unions of the United Kingdom
1909 establishments in the United Kingdom
London County Council
Greater London Council
Municipal workers' trade unions
Trade unions established in 1909
Trade unions disestablished in 1988
Trade unions based in London |
The 2014 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship was the 28th edition of the European Under-16 Basketball Championship. 16 teams participated in the competition, held in the four Latvian cities of Ogre, GrobiΕa, LiepΔja and Riga, from 20 to 30 August 2014. Spain were the defending champions.
Participating teams
(Runners-up, 2013 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship Division B)
(Winners, 2013 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship Division B)
(3rd place, 2013 FIBA Europe Under-16 Championship Division B)
First round
The first-round groups draw took place on 1 December 2013 in Freising, Germany. In this round, sixteen teams are allocated in four groups of four teams each. The top three teams of each group will advance to the Second Round. The last teams will play in the Classification Group G first, then in the 9th β 16th place playoffs.
Group A
|}
Group B
|}
Group C
|}
Group D
|}
Second round
Twelve advancing teams from the First Round will be allocated in two groups of six teams each. The top four teams of each group will advance to the quarterfinals. The last two teams of each group will play in the 9th β 16th place playoffs against the teams from the Group G.
Group E
|}
Group F
|}
Classification Group G
The last team of each group of the First Round will compete in this Classification Round.
|}
9th β 16th place playoffs
13th β 16th place playoffs
9th β 12th place playoffs
Championship playoffs
Quarterfinals
5th β 8th place playoffs
Semifinals
Final classification games
Match for 15th place
Match for 13th place
Match for 11th place
Match for 9th place
{{Basketballbox
|bg=#eeeeee
|date=30 August 2014
|time=20:15
|place=Riga Olympic Centre II, Riga
|teamA=
|teamB=
|scoreA=68
|scoreB=77
|Q1=10β11
|Q2=18β23
|Q3=19β16
|Q4=21β27|report=Report
|points1=Arnoldas Kulboka 21
|rebounds1=Rokas Gadiliauskas 7
|assist1=Eimantas Stankevicius 9
|points2=Michail Lountzis 13
|rebounds2=Georgios Tarlas 9
|assist2=Michail Lountzis 9
|attendance=20
|referee=Carmelo Paternico (ITA), Luis Lopes (POR), Alexey Chudin (RUS)
}}
Match for 7th place
Match for 5th place
Bronze medal match
Final
Final standings
All-Tournament Team
Kristers Zoriks
Bathiste Tchouaffe
Rodions Kurucs
Γmer Yurtseven
Killian Tillie (MVP''')
References
External links
FIBA Archive
2014
2014β15 in European basketball
2014β15 in Latvian basketball
International basketball competitions hosted by Latvia
Sports competitions in Riga
Sport in LiepΔja |
Lonesome Pine Trails is a ski resort located in Fort Kent, Maine.
External links
Lonesome Pine Trails official website
Ski areas and resorts in Maine
Tourist attractions in Aroostook County, Maine |
Marco Antonio Luisito Villanueva Sardillo III is a Filipino government official who previously served as the ninth Administrator of the Intramuros Administration, an attached agency of the Department of Tourism mandated with the authority to restore and guide the development of Intramuros, Manila. Prior to his appointment as Administrator of Intramuros, Sardillo was the executive director of the Presidential Commission on Good Government from 2010 to 2012.
References
Living people
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Alexis Marie Smith (born August 18, 1996) is an American softball coach and former player. She attended Temple High School in Temple, Texas. She later attended Temple College for two years, before transferring to Texas A&M University, where she pitched for the Texas A&M Aggies softball team. During her junior season in 2017, Smith led the Aggies to the 2017 Women's College World Series first round, where they fell to UCLA, 8β2. Smith was named the pitching coach at Northwestern State University on August 12, 2021.
Head coaching record
References
External links
Northwestern State bio
Texas A&M bio
Temple bio
1996 births
American softball players
Living people
Softball players from Texas
Sportspeople from Temple, Texas
Texas A&M Aggies softball players
Texas A&M Aggies softball coaches
Northwestern State Lady Demons softball coaches
American softball coaches |
Robert Montagu may refer to:
Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester (1634β1683), English politician and courtier
Robert Montagu, 3rd Duke of Manchester (c. 1710β1762), MP
Robert Montagu (politician) (died 1693)
Robert Montagu (Royal Navy officer) (1763β1830), British admiral
Lord Robert Montagu (1825β1902), British Conservative politician
See also
Robert Montague (disambiguation) |
Ernest Gold may refer to:
Ernest Gold (meteorologist) (1881β1976), British meteorologist
Ernest Gold (composer) (1921β1999), American composer |
Deveeri is a 1999 Kannada language film based on the novel Akka by noted Kannada writer P. Lankesh. The novel was adapted for the film by his daughter Kavitha Lankesh.
The film won the 1999β2000 Karnataka State Award for best film.
Cast
Nandita Das as Deveeri
Manjunath as Krishna "Kyaatha"
Bhavana as Paddi
Sanketh Kashi as Rangappa
B. Jayashree as Rangappa's wife
Deesh Mariwala as Nagara
Reception
S. Viswanath of Deccan Herald felt that the film lacked a "taut script" and added, "Besides this, there are tacky numbers, with scenes that rarely justify a genre film." He further wrote, "Popular elements have been accommodated into the scheme of things to pander suit to the puerile tastes of to rake in the moolah, with the result the film is stretched a wee long, while, a more aesthetic screenplay would have taken the film to newer realms of novella vogue cinema." However, he commended the film's background score and wrote, "Music director V Manohar lends ample support to Kavitha with excellent, ear-catching background score, enhancing the melancholic mood to the touching tale." While he praised Manjunath's performance in the film in that he had the "maturity of seasoned player, amply justifying Kavitha's faith in the promising lad's abilities", the performance of Nandita Das seemed "unconvincing" to him. He felt that she failed to "add lustre to the film, and her effort comes as a damp-squib." Also writing for Deccan Herald, Aravind Gowda called the film "an exceptionally well-made movie". He felt, "The screenplay, the characters and the story-line, all go well together into making Deveeri a good film to watch." He concluded writing praises of all leading performances in the film.
References
External links
1990s Kannada-language films
Kannada literature
Films directed by Kavitha Lankesh |
```javascript
import * as sub from "./sub";
import * as thing from "./javascriptThing";
import {
Ka,
Ching
} from "./sub/kaching";
export {
Ka,
Ching
};
export * from "./sub/willBeReExported";
import * as path from "path";
console.log(sub.version, thing(2), '=== 8', path.delimiter);
``` |
European nationalism (sometimes called pan-European nationalism) is a form of pan-nationalism based on a pan-European identity. It is considered minor since the National Party of Europe disintegrated in the 1970s.
It is distinct from Pro-Europeanism and European Federalism in being a chiefly neo-fascist ideology, as opposed to support of the European Union and European integration.
History
The former British Union of Fascists leader, Oswald Mosley, led the Union Movement and advocated its "Europe a Nation" policy from 1948 to 1973. In 1950, Mosley co-founded the European Social Movement and collaborated with comparable groups on the Continent. The organisation was mostly defunct by 1957 and was succeeded by the National Party of Europe, which was formed in 1962 by Mosley and the leaders of the German nationalist Deutsche Reichspartei, the Italian Social Movement, Jeune Europe and the Mouvement d'Action Civique. The movement remained active during the 1960s but was mostly disbanded in the 1970s.
1962 European Declaration
In their "European Declaration" of 1 March 1962, the National Party of Europe called for the creation of a European nation-state through a common European government, an elected European parliament, the withdrawal of American and Soviet forces from Europe and the dissolution of the United Nations, which would be replaced by an international body led by the United States, the Soviet Union and Europe as three equals. The territory of the European state was to be that of all European nations outside the Soviet Union, including the British Isles, and their overseas possessions.
Current situation
In 2014, Raphael Schlembach describes the existence of "a form of pan-European nationalism β a 'Europe for the Europeans' β that is based upon anti-Americanism and ethno-pluralism" within "some sections" of European neo-fascism. Indeed, European nationalist organisations continued to exist on a minor scale after the disintegration of the National Party of Europe in the 1970s, but no group advocates a "European nation state".
According to scholars, former European nationalist groups now propose a European ethnic federalism based on an ideology of "European culturalism" or, according to Dimitri Almeida, underwent a "Eurosceptic turn", the ideology of European nationalism being largely replaced by hard Euroscepticism by the 2010s.
European Parliament
Identity and Democracy grouping is a far-right political group of the European Parliament launched on 13 June 2019 for the Ninth European Parliament. It is composed of nationalist, right-wing populist and eurosceptic national parties from ten European nations. It is the successor to the Europe of Nations and Freedom group, which was formed during the Eighth European Parliament. Its members are the Freedom Party of Austria, Flemish Interest (Belgium), Freedom and Direct Democracy (Czechia), the Danish People's Party, the Conservative People's Party of Estonia, the Finns Party, National Rally (France), Alternative for Germany, Lega Nord (Italy) and the Party for Freedom (Netherlands). Other nationalist parties include the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR), which also included nationalist, right-wing populist and euroscepticism|eurosceptic national parties from 12 countries.
List of European nationalist organisations
Identitarian Movement · Jeune Europe (Belgium) · Comité de liaison des européens révolutionnaires (France) · Parti Communautaire National-Européen (Belgium) · Nouvelle Droite (France) · Réseau Radical · Bloc Identitaire · Parti Nationaliste Français et Européen (France) · Imperium Europa (Malta) · le parti des européens (France) · Reconquista Europa (Ukraine)
Arendt's warning
Hannah Arendt warned in 1954 that a "pan-European nationalism" might arise from the cultivation of anti-American sentiment in Europe. Her warning has been deemed obsolete by the 1990s:
Gerard Delanty argued, "Europe could never constitute a coherent identity because there is 'no external opposition' to it" (a role foreseen by Arendt as to be taken by America).
In the opinion of the scholar Anton Speekenbrink in 2014, nationalism was replaced by a "postmodern world order" in the postwar period ("Nationalism was dead, but it was not replaced by pan-European nationalism or by a pan-European identity"). It instead invoked a "European idea", which was said to be transformed into an "idea of diversity of identity" combined with a "commonality of values".
See also
Europe of 100 Flags
Eurocentrism
European integration
Eurosphere
European Union
Fourth Reich
Identitarian movement
Nativism
Pan-nationalism
Pan-European identity
Paneuropean Union
Politics of Europe
Pro-Europeanism
United States of Europe
White nationalism
List of active nationalist parties in Europe
References
Nationalism
Nationalist movements in Europe
Europe |
Battleship Island is an island in the City and Borough of Juneau, Alaska, United States. Located in the Auke Bay portion of Lynn Canal, it is south of the village of Auke Bay, Alaska, and northwest of the city of Juneau. The name was reported in a 1957 publication by R. N. DeArmond.
The Federal Aviation Administration erected a low level windshear alert system tower on the island in order to assist incoming pilots to Juneau International Airport. Battleship Island is a part of the Channel Islands State Marine Park; it is used for picnicking and camping.
Geographical location
Battleship Island is an island in the Borough of Juneau in Alaska. The name was reported in a 1957 publication by R. N. DeArmond. It was collected by the United States Geological Survey between 1976 and 1981, and entered into the Geographic Names Information System on March 31, 1981. The island has a diameter of .
Location in relation to other towns
It is located in the Auke Bay portion of Lynn Canal, it is south of the village of Auke Bay, Alaska, and northwest of the city of Juneau.
Official status
The Federal Aviation Administration erected a low level windshear alert system tower on the island in order to assist incoming pilots to Juneau International Airport. Battleship Island is a part of the Channel Islands State Marine Park; it is used for picnicking and camping.
References
Citations
Islands of the Alexander Archipelago
Islands of Juneau, Alaska
Islands of Alaska |
```groff
.\" $OpenBSD: ospf6d.conf.5,v 1.26 2023/03/02 17:09:54 jmc Exp $
.\"
.\"
.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
.\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
.\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
.\"
.\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
.\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
.\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
.\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
.\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
.\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
.\"
.Dd $Mdocdate: March 2 2023 $
.Dt OSPF6D.CONF 5
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm ospf6d.conf
.Nd OSPF for IPv6 routing daemon configuration file
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Xr ospf6d 8
daemon implements the Open Shortest Path First protocol version 3 as described
in RFC 5340.
.Pp
The
.Nm
config file is divided into the following main sections:
.Bl -tag -width xxxx
.It Sy Macros
User-defined variables may be defined and used later, simplifying the
configuration file.
.It Sy Global Configuration
Global settings for
.Xr ospf6d 8 .
A number of global settings can be overruled in specific areas or interfaces.
.It Sy Areas
An OSPF router must be a member of at least one area.
Areas are used to group interfaces, simplifying configuration.
.El
.Pp
Argument names not beginning with a letter, digit, or underscore
must be quoted.
.Pp
Additional configuration files can be included with the
.Ic include
keyword, for example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
include "/etc/ospf6d.sub.conf"
.Ed
.Sh MACROS
Macros can be defined that will later be expanded in context.
Macro names must start with a letter, digit, or underscore,
and may contain any of those characters.
Macro names may not be reserved words (for example,
.Ic area ,
.Ic interface ,
or
.Ic hello-interval ) .
Macros are not expanded inside quotes.
.Pp
For example:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
hi="5"
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface em0 {
hello-interval $hi
}
}
.Ed
.Pp
The same can be accomplished by specifying the hello-interval
globally or within the area declaration.
.Sh GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
All interface related settings can be configured globally, per area and per
interface.
The only settings that can be set globally and not overruled are listed below.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact
.It Ic fib-priority Ar prio
Set the routing priority to
.Ar prio .
The default is 32.
.Pp
.It Xo
.Ic fib-update
.Pq Ic yes Ns | Ns Ic no
.Xc
If set to
.Ic \&no ,
do not update the Forwarding Information Base, a.k.a. the kernel
routing table.
The default is
.Ic yes .
Setting
.Ic fib-update
to
.Ic \&no
will implicitly set the
.Ic stub router
option to ensure that no traffic tries to transit via this router.
.Pp
.It Ic rdomain Ar tableid
Specifies the routing table
.Xr ospfd 8
should modify.
Table 0 is the default table.
.Pp
.It Xo
.Op Ic no
.Ic redistribute
.Sm off
.Po Ic static Ns | Ns Ic connected Ns | Ns
.Ic default Pc
.Sm on
.Op Ic set ...\&
.Bk -words
.Op Ic depend on Ar interface
.Ek
.Xc
.It Xo
.Op Ic no
.Ic redistribute Ar prefix Op Ic set ...\&
.Op Ic depend on Ar interface
.Xc
.It Xo
.Op Ic no
.Ic redistribute rtlabel Ar label Op Ic set ...\&
.Op Ic depend on Ar interface
.Xc
If set to
.Ic connected ,
routes to directly attached networks will be announced over OSPF.
If set to
.Ic static ,
static routes will be announced over OSPF.
If set to
.Ic default ,
a default route pointing to this router will be announced over OSPF.
It is possible to specify a network range with
.Ar prefix ;
networks need to be part of that range to be redistributed.
Additionally it is possible to redistribute based on route labels
using the
.Ic rtlabel
keyword.
By default no additional routes will be announced over OSPF.
.Pp
.Ic redistribute
statements are evaluated in sequential order, from first to last.
The first matching rule decides if a route should be redistributed or not.
Matching rules starting with
.Ic no
will force the route to be not announced.
The only exception is
.Ic default ,
which will be set no matter what, and additionally
.Ic no
cannot be used together with it.
.Pp
With the
.Ic depend on
option, redistributed routes will have a metric of 65535 if the specified
.Ar interface
is down or in state backup.
This is especially useful on a carp cluster to ensure all traffic goes to
the carp master.
.Pp
It is possible to set the route
.Ic metric
and
.Ic type
for each redistribute rule.
.Ic type
is either 1 or 2.
The default value for
.Ic type
is 1 and for
.Ic metric
is 100.
Setting more than one option needs curly brackets:
.Bd -literal -offset indent
redistribute static set { metric 300 type 2 }
.Ed
.Pp
.It Ic router-id Ar address
Set the router ID; if not specified, the lowest IPv4 address of
the interfaces used by
.Xr ospf6d 8
will be used.
A router ID must be specified if no IPv4 address is configured on
any interfaces used by
.Xr ospf6d 8 .
.Pp
.It Ic rtlabel Ar label Ic external-tag Ar number
Map route labels to external route tags and vice versa.
The external route tag is a non-negative 32-bit number attached to
AS-external OSPF LSAs.
.Pp
.It Ic spf-delay Ar seconds
Set SPF delay in seconds.
The delay between receiving an update to the link
state database and starting the shortest path first calculation.
The default value is 1; valid range is 1\-10 seconds.
.Pp
.It Ic spf-holdtime Ar seconds
Set the SPF holdtime in seconds.
The minimum time between two consecutive
shortest path first calculations.
The default value is 5 seconds; the valid range is 1\-5 seconds.
.Pp
.It Xo
.Ic stub router
.Pq Ic yes Ns | Ns Ic no
.Xc
If set to
.Ic yes ,
all interfaces with active neighbors will have a metric of infinity.
This ensures that the other routers prefer routes around this router while
still being able to reach directly connected IP prefixes.
The
.Ic stub router
option is automatically enabled if either the
.Xr sysctl 8
variable
.Va net.inet6.ip6.forwarding
is set to a value different to 1 or if the FIB is not coupled.
.El
.Sh AREAS
Areas are used for grouping interfaces.
All interface-specific parameters can
be configured per area, overruling the global settings.
These interface-specific parameters need to be defined before the interfaces.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Ic area Ar address Ns | Ns Ar id
Specify an area section, grouping one or more interfaces.
.Bd -literal -offset indent
area 0.0.0.0 {
hello-interval 3
interface em0
interface em1 {
metric 10
}
}
.Ed
.El
.Pp
Area specific parameters are listed below.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Ic demote Ar group Op Ar count
Increase the
.Xr carp 4
demotion counter by
.Ar count
on the given interface group, usually
.Ar carp ,
when no neighbor in the area is in an active state.
The demotion counter will be decreased when one neighbor in that
area is in an active state.
The default value for
.Ar count
is 1.
.Pp
For more information on interface groups,
see the
.Ic group
keyword in
.Xr ifconfig 8 .
.El
.Sh INTERFACES
Each interface can have several parameters configured individually, otherwise
they are inherited.
An interface is specified by its name.
.Bd -literal -offset indent
interface em0 {
...
}
.Ed
.Pp
Interface-specific parameters are listed below.
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Ic demote Ar group
Increase the
.Xr carp 4
demotion counter by 1 on the given interface group, usually
.Ar carp ,
when the interface state is going down.
The demotion counter will be decreased when the interface
state is active again.
.It Ic depend on Ar interface
A metric of 65535 is used if the specified interface is down or in status
backup.
.It Ic hello-interval Ar seconds
Set the hello interval.
The default value is 10; valid range is 1\-65535 seconds.
.It Ic metric Ar cost
Set the interface metric a.k.a. cost.
The default value is 10; valid range is 1\-65535.
A metric of 65535 is used for
.Xr carp 4
interfaces with status backup.
.It Ic passive
Prevent transmission and reception of OSPF packets on this interface.
The specified interface will be announced as a stub network.
Passive mode is enforced for
.Xr carp 4
interfaces.
.It Ic retransmit-interval Ar seconds
Set retransmit interval.
The default value is 5 seconds; valid range is 5\-3600 seconds.
.It Ic router-dead-time Ar seconds
Set the router dead time, a.k.a. neighbor inactivity timer.
The default value is 40 seconds; valid range is 2\-65535 seconds.
When a neighbor has been
inactive for router-dead-time, its state is set to DOWN.
Neighbors
that have been inactive for more than 24 hours are completely removed.
.It Ic router-priority Ar priority
Set the router priority.
The default value is 1; valid range is 0\-255.
If set
to 0, the router is not eligible as a Designated Router or Backup Designated
Router.
.It Ic transmit-delay Ar seconds
Set the transmit delay.
The default value is 1; valid range is 1\-3600 seconds.
.It Ic type p2p
Set the interface type to point to point.
This disables the election of a DR and BDR for the given interface.
.El
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /etc/examples/ospf6d.conf -compact
.It Pa /etc/ospf6d.conf
.Xr ospf6d 8
configuration file.
.It Pa /etc/examples/ospf6d.conf
Example configuration file.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ospf6ctl 8 ,
.Xr ospf6d 8 ,
.Xr rc.conf.local 8
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
file format first appeared in
.Ox 4.2 .
``` |
Objective Moscow, subtitled "The Death of Soviet Communism", is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1978 that simulates a hypothetical invasion of the U.S.S.R. in 1998 by various forces such as NATO, a united Europe, Iran, and China.
Description
Objective Moscow is a board wargame for two or more players in which one player controls Soviet defenders while the other player or players control the invaders. The main scenario of the game is set in 1998, twenty years after the game's publication, when it was posited that the Soviet Union would have lost much of its strength and would be ripe for invasion.
Components
Objective Moscow is a very large game, with four 22" x 34" hex grid maps covering most of the former Soviet Union as well as much of continental Europe and parts of China, a 24-page rulebook, and 1200 die-cut counters.
Gameplay
The game uses an alternating system of turns, where one player moves, attacks and then gets a second movement phase for mechanized units. Then the other player gets the same opportunity.
Movement
Basic Movement: Units are allocated movement points, and "buy" movement, with certain types of terrain costing more points per hex.
Bonus Movement: Units that are further from the enemy move faster.
Reaction Movement: The inactive player can move some mechanized units between the active player's attack phase and second movement phase.
Combat
In addition to attack and defense strength, each counter is marked with personnel points. Combat is resolved by using odds ratios (the ratio of attacking strength to defending strength), modified by terrain factors. If an exchange is indicated, the force with the fewest personnel points is eliminated, and the other force's personnel points are reduced by the same amount. (Some units with zero personnel points are eliminated in exchanges, with no loss of personnel for the other side.)
All Russian and Chinese units are "untried" at the start of the game β they start the game flipped over so that neither player knows each unit's attack and defense strength. It is only when the unit is engaged in combat that it is flipped over to reveal its strength.
Air support
Both sides can use aircraft for combat support, and also to intercept enemy aircraft.
Other rules
In addition to conventional combat, the game includes rules for tactical nuclear combat, Japanese samurai units, cruise missiles, American space marines who can drop down from orbiting space stations, and the collapse of the Warsaw Pact.
Scenarios
The game comes with several scenarios involving up to thirty nations. Three shorter scenarios only involve one invading force: a NATO offensive after a failed Soviet strike on West Germany; a Chinese incursion into Siberia; and an expansion into Soviet territory by Iran. Each of these scenarios only uses a single map, and are all set when the game was published in the late 1970s.
A longer scenario involving more invaders and using all four maps is also set in the 1970s. Only the campaign game, which also uses all four maps and combines several forces attacking from several fronts, is set twenty years in the future (in 1998).
Publication history
In 1976, SPI published Invasion: America, a hypothetical invasion of North America by Soviet and other forces. Two years later, Joe Angiolillo and Phil Kosnett designed Objective Moscow, a sequel that flipped the roles of invader and defender. It was published in 1978 as a boxed set with graphic design by Redmond A. Simonsen.
Reception
In his 1977 book The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming, Nicky Palmer was not impressed with either Operation Moscow or its predecessor Invasion America, calling them "more notable for size than subtlety." Palmer did think that Operation Moscow "seems to offer greater scope to strategists." He did note that "Both games gloss over the little matter of mutual nuclear annihilation, and are therefore (fortunately) pretty theoretical β but the maps and the units are interestingly varied."
Rick Mataka, writing in the June 1979 issue of Craft, Model, and Hobby Industry Magazine, called it "a large game that is not overly complex as the rules are kept fairly simple." Mataka concluded, "Highly playable game system, it can be recommended for beginners with limited experience in board gaming."
In Issue 40 of Moves, Scott Renner was not pleased with this game. He found that once the large numbers of counters were placed on the map, it became terribly cluttered. He also found many significant errors in the map, such as placing the German city of Dresden in Czechoslovakia. Although Renner liked the cruise missile rules, he found "The Samurai divisions are a less credible invention of the game," and then noted "Nothing could make the Samurai divisions more believable than a glance through the rules covering the Space Marines." But Renner's principle complaint was that four of the five scenarios were set in the late 1970s, pointing out "The game was billed as a simulation of the invasion of Russia in 1998, yet the 1998 scenario looks like it was added as an afterthought." Brenner concluded, "Objective Moscow is not a bad game. It isn't a classic, either - a pity, since I think it could have been one. In a few years, Objective Moscow will be remembered as just another game published by Simulations Publications, Inc. in 1978. Frankly, I had hoped for more."
In The Guide to Simulations/Games for Education and Training, Richard Rydzel called this "An interesting but unwieldy game. Air units, for example, must return to the exact base they left before combat. But with a total of thirty to fifty plane counters, it is difficult to remember where each started." Rydzel also thought the game was unbalanced, noting "The game also seems biased in favor of the U.S. alliance in the representation of strengths of the counters."
In the June 1981 issue of the Italian games magazine Pergioco, Marco Donadoni warned that players would experience "very high losses in combat, even higher than any other historical period, due to the potential of modern weapons (which, obviously, are expected to be even more deadly in the next twenty years)." Donadoni also questioned the rules limiting nuclear weapons to a battlefield tactical uses, pointing out "But who can say what the Kremlin would really do in the face of such an influx of 'visitors' not regulated by the state tourism agency?"
In Issue 23 of the British wargaming magazine Phoenix, A.J. Sarker warned, "Objective Moscow is not a game for the inexperienced wargamer as it is the ability to plan one's moves ahead that will win the game." Sarker concluded, "OM is worth buying for those who collect big games and can afford its price. For those who prefer small games, the one-map scenarios are almost as enjoyable to play as the campaign games."
Awards
At the 1979 Origins Awards, Operation Moscow was a finalist for the Charles S. Roberts Award for "Best Fantasy/Futuristic Board Game of 1978".
Other reviews and commentary
Fire & Movement #15
Ann Arbor Wargamer #19
References
Board wargames set in Modern history
Cold War board wargames
Simulations Publications games
Wargames introduced in 1978 |
Silver Brumby is a collection of children's fiction books by Elyne Mitchell.
Silver Brumby may also refer to:
The Silver Brumby (novel), the 1958 first novel in the series
The Silver Brumby (film), a 1993 Australian film based on the books
The Silver Brumby (TV series), a 1996β1998 Australian animated series based on the books |
At 76 meters (250 feet) above sea level, Sand Mountain is one of the highest points in the state of Florida. Sand Mountain is located near the Floridian town of Wausau.
The hill is located in Washington County, Florida and is about southwest of Oak Hill, which is the second tallest point in Florida. Sand Mountain is located just off State Road 77.
See also
List of Florida's highest points
External links
Withlacoochee State Forest
Florida Highest Named Summits
Brooksville Ridge Cave
Hills of Florida
Landforms of Washington County, Florida |
Alexandra Silva (born 1984) is a Portuguese computer scientist and Professor at Cornell University. She was previously Professor of Algebra, Semantics, and Computation at University College London.
Awards and honours
Silva won a Philip Leverhulme Prize in engineering in 2016. She won the Presburger Award, awarded each year to "a young scientist for outstanding contributions in theoretical computer science, documented by a published paper or a series of published papers", in 2017, and the Roger Needham Award in 2018.
References
1984 births
Living people
Portuguese computer scientists
Portuguese women computer scientists
Women logicians
University of Minho alumni |
Chubin (, also Romanized as ChΕ«bΔ«n; also known as ChubΔΔ«n and ChΕ«bΔyen) is a village in Kah Rural District, Central District, Davarzan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 232, in 66 families.
References
Populated places in Davarzan County |
was a Japanese author, who established literary criticism as an independent art form in Japan.
Early life
Kobayashi was born in the Kanda district of Tokyo, where his father was a noted engineer who introduced European diamond polishing technology to Japan, and who invented a ruby-based phonograph needle. Kobayashi studied French literature at Tokyo Imperial University, where his classmates included Hidemi Kon and Tatsuji Miyoshi. He met ChΕ«ya Nakahara in April 1925, with whom he quickly became close friends, but in November of the same year, began living together with Nakahara's former mistress, the actress Yasuko Hasegawa. Kobayashi graduated in March 1928, and soon after moved to Osaka for a few months before moving to Nara, where he stayed at the home of Naoya Shiga from May 1928. His relationship with Yasuko Hasegawa ended around this time. In September 1929, he submitted an article to a contest held by the literary journal KaizΕ, and won second place.
Literary critic
In the early 1930s Kobayashi was associated with the novelists Yasunari Kawabata and Riichi Yokomitsu and collaborated on articles for the literary journal Bungakukai and became editor in January 1935. At that time Kobayashi felt literature should be relevant to society, with writers and critics practicing social responsibilities. His editorials covered a wide range from contemporary literature to the classics, philosophy, and the arts. He began to serialize his life of Fyodor Dostoevsky in the magazine. Around this time, he also published Watakushi Shosetsu Ron, an attack on the popular Japanese literary genre of the shishosetsu, the autobiographical novel or I Novel. From April 1932, he was also working as a lecturer at Meiji University and was promoted to professor in June 1938.
By the mid-1930s, Kobayashi was well established as a literary critic. His aversion to abstract ideas, and conceptualizing in general, was widely known, as was his preference for spontaneity and intuition. In literature, he reserved his highest praise for the works of Kan Kikuchi and Naoya Shiga, whereas he expressed a low opinion of RyΕ«nosuke Akutagawa for being too cerebral.
He made Kamakura, Kanagawa prefecture his home from 1931 and was a central figure in local literary activity.
Wartime propagandist
In politics, Kobayashi praised the writings of militant nationalist ShΕ«mei Εkawa. In November 1937, he wrote a strongly worded essay Senso ni tsuite ("On War"), which appeared in a leading intellectual magazine, KaizΕ. In the essay, he lashed out at fellow writers and intellectuals who continued to oppose the growing war in China, sharply reminding them that their duty as subjects of the emperor took precedence over all else. It made little difference what the war is about, all that mattered was that it existed and must be dealt with. Kobayashi treated the war as if it were an act of nature, such as a storm, impervious to analysis and beyond human control. Just as a storm must be weathered, a war must be won, regardless of right or wrong.
Kobayashi went to China for the first time in March 1938 as a special correspondent for the popular magazine BungeishunjΕ«, and as a guest of the Imperial Japanese Army. This was the first of six wartime trips to the continent, which took him through Japanese-occupied areas of eastern and northern China. In 1940, together with Kan Kikuchi and fifty-two other writers including Kawabata Yasunari and Riichi Yokomitsu, Kobayashi toured Japan, Korea, and Manchukou as members of the Literary Home-Front Campaign (Bungei Jugo Undo), a speech-making troupe organized by Kikuchi to promote support for the war.
Later career
Following the end of World War II, Kobayashi was sharply attacked by leftists for his collaboration with the Japanese military, but the US occupation authorities never filed any charges against him, and he was not even purged from public life. Kobayashi's reputation as a brilliant literary critic emerged from the war largely intact. He resigned from teaching at Meiji University in August 1946. An anthology of his works was awarded the Japan Art Academy Prize in 1951.
In the post-war period, Kobayashi started a business as an antique dealer (amassing a considerable collection of Japanese art in the process), traveled to Europe, wrote essays and gave lectures on a huge variety of subjects, made radio broadcasts, took part in dialogues with writers, artists and scientists, and wrote about golf. His Watashi no jinseikan ("My View of Life") and Kangaeru hinto ("Hints for Thinking") became bestsellers. γ
In 1958, Kobayashi was awarded the Noma Literary Prize for Kindai kaiga ("Modern Paintings"). Kobayashi became a member of the Japan Art Academy in 1959, and was awarded the Order of Culture by the Japanese government in 1967.
Kobayashi died of renal failure on March 1, 1983. His grave is at the temple of TΕkei-ji in Kamakura.
Honours and awards
1953 - Yomiuri Prize
1958 - Noma Literary Prize
1959 - Japan Art Academy member
1963 - Person of Cultural Merit
1967 - Order of Culture
Legacy
The Kobayashi Hideo Prize (Kobayashi Hideo ShΕ) was established in 2002 by the ShinchΕ Bungei ShinkΕ Kai (ShinchΕ Society for the Promotion of the Literary Arts). It is awarded annually to a work of nonfiction published in Japanese, between July 1 and the following June 30, that offers a fresh image of the world based on the demonstration of a free spirit and supple intellect. The winner receives a commemorative gift and a cash award of 1 million yen.
See also
Japanese literature
List of Japanese authors
External links
Japan Focus article on Kobayashi Hideo
Site on Shinchosha Publishing Company (Japanese)
References
Anderer, Paul. ed. Literature of the Lost Home: Kobayashi Hideo Literary Criticism, 1924-1939. Stanford University Press (1995).
Dorsey, James. _Critical Aesthetics: Kobayashi Hideo, Modernity, and Wartime Japan_ (Harvard Asia Center/Harvard UP, 2009). ;
Takamizawa, Junko. My Brother Hideo Kobayashi. University of Hawaii Press (2001).
1902 births
1983 deaths
20th-century Japanese male writers
Japanese literary critics
Writers from Tokyo
University of Tokyo alumni
Recipients of the Order of Culture
Deaths from kidney failure
20th-century Japanese writers |
Kim Yong-hwan (; born 25 May 1993) is a South Korean football full-back who plays for Pohang Steelers.
On 10 October, 2013 when the Brazil national football team went to South Korea to train, Kim joined the training with the Brazil national football team including Neymar, Dani Alves, etc. Kim's main position is full-back, but he can assimilate other positions including wing-back and winger. He has great speed and overlapping ability.
Club career
Early career
Kim went on to Daegun High School, the Incheon United's under-18 team in 2010. In 2012, he graduated Daegun High School and entered Soongsil University. In 2014, after his sophomore year, It was confirmed that he would enter Incheon United.
Incheon United
Kim joined Incheon United in 2014. He made his professional debut against FC Seoul in Korean FA Cup on 30 April 2014 at Seoul World Cup Stadium. In the match, Kim played as a starting line-up. In the 2014 season, when Kim made his debut, he played 14 games in league. In the 2015 season, he played only 3 games (38 minutes) because of his chronic disease. In the 2016 season, he planted himself in the team again. On 24 September 2016, he scored his professional debut goal against Suwon Samsung Bluewings at Incheon Football Stadium. He played 28 games including 22 full-time games and he scored 3 goals. On 5 November 2016, he scored a winning goal against Suwon FC. Incheon United owed confirmation of remaining in the K League Classic to his winning goal.
International career
Kim started his international football team career with the South Korea national under-20 football team in 2013.
He participated in 2013 Toulon Tournament and 2014 Toulon Tournament as a member of South Korea national under-20 football team. He also took part in 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup. In this competition, Kim played 5 games and was shown a yellow card on 3 July 2013 against Colombia national under-20 football team.
Club career statistics
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
Men's association football defenders
South Korean men's footballers
South Korea men's under-20 international footballers
South Korea men's under-23 international footballers
Incheon United FC players
Pohang Steelers players
Gimcheon Sangmu FC players
K League 1 players
K League 2 players |
Nephelium cuspidatum, also known as rambutan hutan in Malay and buah sibau in Iban, is a species of flowering plant, a tropical forest fruit-tree in the rambutan family, that is native to Southeast Asia.
Varieties
Varieties include:
N. cuspidatum var. cuspidatum Blume
N. cuspidatum var. robustum (Radlk.) Leenh.
N. cuspidatum var. eriopetalum (Miq.) Leenh.
N. cuspidatum var. multinerve Leenh.
N. cuspidatum var. bassacense Leenh.
N. cuspidatum var. ophiodes Leenh.
Description
The species grows as a tree to 40Β m in height with a 3β6Β m bole and small buttresses. The pinnate leaves have 2β13 pairs of oval to oblong leaflets. The inflorescences consist of spikes or racemes of pink and white flowers. The hairy, oval, red to yellowish-red fruits are 2β4Β cm long by 2β3Β cm in diameter, each containing a seed covered with an edible, white sarcotesta.
Distribution and habitat
The species occurs over a wide range extending from Myanmar to Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Philippines, the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra and Java. It occurs in mixed dipterocarp forest, usually on ridges and hillslopes.
Usage
The species is widely cultivated and the fruits sold in markets.
References
cuspidatum
Flora of Malesia
Fruits originating in Asia
Plants described in 1849
Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Blume |
Dance nation may refer to:
Dance Nation (dance group), a Dutch dance group
Dance Nation (play), by Clare Barron
Dance Nation (record label), a British independent record label, a subsidiary of Ministry of Sound
Dance Nation (TV channel), a music TV Channel, since rebranded to Chart Show Dance |
The 2013 Ginetta GT Supercup is a multi-event, one make GT motor racing championship held across England and Scotland. The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in a Ginetta G55 or Ginetta G50 that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece.
This season will be the third Ginetta GT Supercup, having rebranded from the Ginetta G50 Cup, which ran between 2008 and 2010.
Teams and drivers
Race calendar and results
The series will last for 27 races over 10 rounds, and will support the British Touring Car Championship at all rounds.
Championship standings
A driver's best 25 scores counted towards the championship, with any other points being discarded.
References
External links
Ginetta GT Supercup |
The Vanguards of Conquest (Talaa'al al-Fateh) is a terrorist organization that was originally founded in 1993 as a branch of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad operating in Somalia but became a separate faction that eventually folded back into the group under the leadership of Ayman al-Zawahiri. The revived group is currently led by Magdy Salem. The group has intervened to stop jihadis in the Sinai Peninsula from attacking Israel.
History
In its first year, the Vanguards carried out two failed assassination attempts, the first in August, a Cairo bombing that only managed to injure Egyptian Interior Minister Hasan al-Alfi, and three months later a similar bombing aimed at Prime Minister Atef Sedki, which killed a teenage girl at a bus stop.
In late May 1995, Hassan al-Turabi met with Ayman al-Zawahiri to discuss the future of the Vanguards of Conquest; now to operate solely out of Egypt. al-Zawahiri and Mstafa Hamzah organised a meeting in Ferney-Voltaire on the French-Swiss border, attended by a colleague of Tal'at Fu'ad Qasim, an associate of Showqi Al-Islambouli and the son of Said Ramadan. The group decided to focus their efforts on Addis Ababa, and that their veteran members would come together under the leadership of Islambouli.
In June 1995, they launched a failed attack against President Hosni Mubarak.
The leader of the Vanguards was believed to be Kamel Agiza, and Canadian officials allege that Mohammad Zeki Mahjoub was his second-in-command.
In December 1998, the Vanguards of Conquest issued a communique to Islamist groups calling for attacks against the United States "for its arrogance" in bombing Iraq ostensibly to distract from the Monica Lewinsky scandal.
The group is alleged to have folded into Qaeda-al-Jihad when Zawahiri merged his group with Osama bin Laden in 2001. But in April 2002, Egyptian security forces arrested 30 men for allegedly planning to revive the Vanguards.
References
Egyptian Islamic Jihad
Jihadist groups in Egypt |
The Prattville Dragoons were a company of men from the city of Prattville, and Autauga County, Alabama, organized for Confederate service during the American Civil War of 1861-1865.
Formation
The Prattville Dragoons were the first Company of men from the city of Prattville, and Autauga County, Alabama, to form for service in the impending American Civil War of 1861-1865. The idea for forming a Company was originally suggested by Samuel D. Oliver, from nearby Robinson Springs, Alabama. The Company organized on December 8, 1860 in the west front parlor of the home of George L. Smith (now the Prattaugan Museum.), The Company was formed as a part of the "Alabama Volunteer Corps" and in her book Hon. Daniel Pratt, Mrs. S.F.H. Tarrant states that "... Mr. Pratt presented to every member of this cavalry company a uniform, made of black broadcloth, trimmed with gold braid. No other company in the State had a uniform so handsome."
In his book War History of the Prattville Dragoons Captain W.F. Mims (the last Commander of Co. H, 3rd Ala. Cav., CSA) spoke fondly of Pratt's generosity, stating, "Many not being able to furnish their mounts were greatly discouraged. That great and good man, Daniel Pratt, so well known for deeds of charity and generosity, supplied the defeiciency at a cost of many hundred dollars." (Quoting Historian Tommy Brown of the Continental / Eagle Manufacturing Company - still producing cotton gins in Daniel Pratt's buildings - "Daniel Pratt was Alabama's first millionaire.") The rank of "Captain" was voted by the members of the Unit, and the first Captain of the Prattville Dragoons was Jesse Cox "of Steamboat notoriety" from Mobile, Alabama. In total, there was originally "18 commissioned and non-commissioned officers and 82 privates, total 100, with two faithful colored cooks." The soldiers formed for their send-off at the school yard of the Prattville Academy and was presented a beautiful silk flag that was sewn by hand by the young ladies of Prattville. On Confederate Memorial Day in 1916, a large boulder with a bronze plaque was placed on that site to honor the Dragoons by the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
Combat history
The Prattville Dragoons rode first to the Fair Grounds in Montgomery, Alabama, and then partially by train, and partially by horseback to Pensacola, Florida, to the Camp of Instruction there being led by General Braxton Bragg. The majority of the Prattville Dragoons brought their personal civilian and hunting firearms with them, but those lacking arms were issued Colt 1851 Navy Revolvers and sabers. While in Pensacola, the Prattville Dragoons were first assigned as the "mounted" Company "I" of the 7th Alabama Infantry. They left Pensacola in February 1862 traveling light and suffered through snow, sleet and rain in Chattanooga, Tennessee, that March. They marched further and participated in the Battle of Shiloh in April 1862. When their initial term of enlistment expired, the Unit en masse reenlisted and was accepted as Company "H" of the 3rd Alabama Cavalry in Tupelo, Mississippi, in June 1862. Captain Cox returned to the steamboat business, and Wilbur Fisk Mims was voted into the Captain position. As a Company of the Third Alabama Cavalry, the Prattville Dragoons accompanied the Confederate Army of Tennessee into Kentucky and were engaged in daily conflicts with the enemy, particularly at Bramlet's Station and the Battle of Perryville. It fell back with the army, and was on constant and arduous duty during the remainder of the war, protecting its communications, guarding its rear and flanks, and often raiding upon the enemy's trains and outposts. The whole regiment was a part of the brigade composed of the First, Third, Fourth, Ninth, Twelfth, and Fifty-First Alabama Cavalry, commanded first by Gen. Allen of Montgomery, then subsequently by Gen. Hagan of Mobile.
The Third Alabama cavalry was engaged at Stones River; Shelbyville; Chickamauga; Kingston; Knoxville; Mossy Creek; Strawberry Plains; ... losing continuously in casualties, and suffering severely during General James Longstreet's winter campaign. As the 3rd and her Company's fought in Dalton and Atlanta it performed arduous service, fighting with severe loss at Decatur, and helping to capture General Stoneman's column. In front of General William T. Sherman, the regiment shrouded General Hood's movements, then harassed the former on his march, participating in the fights near Macon; at Winchester; Aiken; Fayetteville, Monroe's Crossroads (where Confederate and Union troops engaged in the last cavalry battle of the Civil War); the Bentonville; Raleigh and Chapel Hill. Reduced by its losses to a skeleton, the regiment was surrendered in North Carolina as a part of General Joseph E. Johnston's surrender on April 26, 1865. The Prattville Dragoons encamped to await Union parole, but after remaining dormant for several days without any sign of Union Officers to officially parole them, the Unit disbanded and returned to their homes.
See also
Alabama Civil War Confederate Units
References
Tarrant, S. F. H., Hon. Daniel Pratt: A Biography (1904)
Mims, Wilbur Fisk, War History of the Prattville Dragoons
External links
War History of the Prattville Dragoons
The Third Alabama Cavalry
Daniel Pratt at Pratthistory.com
Prattville, Alabama
Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Alabama
1861 establishments in Alabama |
```c++
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#include "base/trace_event/memory_dump_request_args.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
namespace base {
namespace trace_event {
// static
const char* MemoryDumpTypeToString(const MemoryDumpType& dump_type)
{
switch (dump_type) {
case MemoryDumpType::TASK_BEGIN:
return "task_begin";
case MemoryDumpType::TASK_END:
return "task_end";
case MemoryDumpType::PERIODIC_INTERVAL:
return "periodic_interval";
case MemoryDumpType::EXPLICITLY_TRIGGERED:
return "explicitly_triggered";
}
NOTREACHED();
return "unknown";
}
const char* MemoryDumpLevelOfDetailToString(
const MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail& level_of_detail)
{
switch (level_of_detail) {
case MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail::LIGHT:
return "light";
case MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail::DETAILED:
return "detailed";
}
NOTREACHED();
return "unknown";
}
MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail StringToMemoryDumpLevelOfDetail(
const std::string& str)
{
if (str == "light")
return MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail::LIGHT;
if (str == "detailed")
return MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail::DETAILED;
NOTREACHED();
return MemoryDumpLevelOfDetail::LAST;
}
} // namespace trace_event
} // namespace base
``` |
Brooklyn F.C. may refer to:
Brooklyn Field Club, a defunct soccer club which played in the National Association Football League
Brooklyn F.C. (Dublin), a defunct Irish football club
Brooklyn F.C. (New York), a defunct American Soccer League club |
The 2016β17 FA Trophy was the 47th season of the FA Trophy, the Football Association's cup competition for teams at levels 5β8 of the English football league system. A total of 276 clubs entered the competition, which was won by York City after beating Macclesfield Town 3β2 in front of 38,224 spectators at Wembley in the final on 21 May 2017.
Calendar
Preliminary round
A total of 128 clubs, from Level 8 of English football, entered preliminary round of the competition. Eight clubs from level 8 get a bye to the first round qualifying - Beaconsfield SYCOB, Heybridge Swifts, Kidsgrove Athletic, Market Drayton Town, Phoenix Sports, Waltham Abbey, Walton Casuals and Ware.
First round qualifying
A total of 144 teams took part in this stage of the competition including 64 winners from the preliminary round, 72 teams from Level 7 of English football and eight teams from level 8, who get a bye in the previous round.
Second round qualifying
A total of 72 teams took part in this stage of the competition, all winners from the first qualifying round.
Third round qualifying
A total of 80 teams took part in this stage of the competition, all winners from the second round qualifying and 44 clubs from Level 6 of English football.
First round proper
A total of 64 teams took part in this stage of the competition, all winners from the third round qualifying and the clubs from Level 5 of English football.
Second round proper
Third round proper
Fourth round proper
Semi-finals
Semi final fixtures are due to be played on 11 March and 18 March 2017, with the second leg going to extra time and penalties if required.
First leg
Second leg
Final
References
FA Trophy seasons
England
Fa Trophy |
George Griffiths (11 April 1865 β 7 July 1918) was a Welsh amateur footballer who played for Chirk as an inside left. He was capped by Wales at international level.
Personal life
Griffiths worked as a miner and had eight children. He also served in the Royal Welch Fusiliers. Griffiths served in the Army Service Corps during the First World War and was discharged in 1917 after an injury to his knee. He died of stomach cancer in July 1918.
References
1865 births
1918 deaths
People from Chirk
Footballers from Wrexham County Borough
Welsh men's footballers
Wales men's international footballers
Chirk AAA F.C. players
Men's association football inside forwards
Royal Welch Fusiliers soldiers
Royal Army Service Corps soldiers
British Army personnel of World War I
Welsh miners
Deaths from stomach cancer
Deaths from cancer in England |
, published in English under the title Reptilia, is a Japanese horror manga trilogy written and illustrated by Kazuo Umezu. It is composed of three series β Scared of Mama, The Spotted Girl, and Reptilia β which were originally serialized in the shΕjo manga (girls' comics) magazine ShΕ«kan ShΕjo Friend from 1965 to 1966. The individual series were not originally conceived as an ongoing story but were later revised to form a connected trilogy, which was published as a single volume by Shogakukan in 1986. An English-language translation of the trilogy was published by IDW Publishing in 2007.
The trilogy follows a monstrous woman who is able to transform into a snake-like being. Umezu drew inspiration for the series from Japanese folklore, particularly stories about (supernatural beings), and conceived of a story about a monstrous mother figure as a critical response to the recurring motif of loving mother-daughter relationships common in manga of the 1960s. The series was Umezu's first major critical and commercial success and is credited with provoking a boom in the production of horror manga in the late 1960s. Two of the three stories in the trilogy have been adapted into live-action films.
Synopsis
The trilogy is composed of three series: Scared of Mama, The Spotted Girl, and Reptilia, the lattermost of which was originally published in Japan under the title . The following summarizes the plot of the Shogakukan edition, though other editions have minor differences in plot and setting (see Original publication below).
Yumiko, a young girl living in Tokyo, visits her hospitalized mother. Her mother discusses rumors among the patients of an institutionalized woman in the hospital who believes that she is a snake, which Yumiko investigates. Yumiko discovers the rumored patient, who transforms into a snake-like being and breaks out of confinement after Yumiko obliges her request to show her a picture of a frog. The snake-woman usurps the place of Yumiko's mother, though Yumiko is ultimately able to expose her deception, and the snake-woman is re-institutionalized.
A sequel to Scared of Mama. The snake-woman escapes from the hospital and pursues Yumiko, who is on vacation in the mountains of Nagano Prefecture with her cousin KyΕko. Kyoko and her family are transformed into snake-people, though Yumiko is ultimately able to defeat the snake-woman at the conclusion of the story.
A prequel to Scared of Mama. In 1907, a man encounters a snake-woman in a swamp while hunting. He flees after shooting her in the eye, but turns manic and dies shortly thereafter. Decades later, the snake-woman seeks revenge on the hunter's granddaughter Yoko by killing Yoko's caretaker aunt, adopting the newly-orphaned girl, and transforming Yoko into a snake-girl by feeding her one of her scales. The transformation is witnessed by Yoko's best friend Satsuki; they pursue Satsuki, but Yoko turns on her mother and both are washed away in flooding from a heavy rain. The story concludes in the hospital from Scared of Mama, where doctors discuss an institutionalized patient who was recovered from a river twenty years prior, and who believes that she is a snake.
Production
Context
As a child, manga artist Kazuo Umezu's father told him horror stories from Japanese folklore. The story he found most terrifying was , which tells the story of a woman who goes to the Okameike Moor in Soni, Nara, and is transformed into a snake. The story significantly influenced Umezu, and snake-women became a recurring motif in Umezu's manga beginning with in 1961.
During the 1960s, manga was typically published either in manga magazines or in books offered at (book rental stores); horror stories were popular in books but were not published in manga magazines. Umezu, who had already created several stories, stated that he "harbored suspicion" toward the recurring motif of close mother-daughter relationships in manga of the era, explaining that "mothers often think of their daughters as their own possessions, which is a scary thought". He sought to create a story that subverted this motif by depicting a mother as a monstrous rather than loving figure, drawing inspiration from the snake-woman of .
Original publication
All three entries in the trilogy were originally serialized in the manga magazine ShΕ«kan ShΕjo Friend, published by Kodansha:
I'm Afraid of Mama was serialized from August 10, 1965 (#32) to September 7, 1965 (#36)
The Spotted Girl was serialized from September 14, 1965 (#37) to November 9, 1965 (#45)
Reptilia (Hebi ShΕjo) was serialized from March 15, 1966 (#11) to June 21, 1966 (#25)
The individual chapters of the series were also published as by in its collection.
The stories were not originally conceived as forming a trilogy: while The Spotted Girl was a direct sequel to I'm Afraid of Mama, Reptilia (Hebi ShΕjo) was originally published as part of Umezu's series . is a series of stories set in Nara in which sisters Satsuki and Kanna are confronted with various paranormal phenomena that originate from legends associated with the region. The series consists of in 1963, in 1964, in 1965, and finally Hebi ShΕjo in 1966.
The series also had several plot differences in its original publication run, chiefly its setting of Yoshino District, Nara, rather than Nagano. The version of Hebi ShΕjo also has a happier ending, in which YΕko is turned back into a normal girl with the help of Satsuki and her friends.
Later editions
After their serializations concluded, all three stories were subsequently published in various anthologies of short stories by Umezu. In 1986, the publishing company Shogakukan published all three stories in a single volume titled The Shogakukan edition modifies the artwork and dialogue of the stories to make them into a connected trilogy, most notably altering the setting of the series and YΕko's fate at the conclusion of Reptilia (Hebi ShΕjo). Shogakukan republished in 2005 as part of Umezz Perfection!, a complete collection of Umezu's works to mark the 50th anniversary of his debut as a manga artist. Kadokawa Shoten published the trilogy in 2000 under the title Hebi ShΕjo.
In North America, an English-language translation of Hebi Onna based on the Kadokawa Shoten edition was published in 2007 by IDW Publishing under the title Reptilia. The series, which was published as a single unflipped omnibus edition, was the first manga series published by IDW. The omnibus features an original cover illustration by artist Ashley Wood.
Analysis
Narrative and themes
The trilogy is a psychological horror story focused on "the dark recesses of the human soul" to the general exclusion of displays of blood and gore, though it nonetheless utilizes typical horror story conventions of suspense, anticipation, surprise, and the placing protagonists into situations from which they are menaced or cannot escape. The story also utilizes some clichΓ©s typical of the horror genre, such as a female protagonist with little to no backstory and authority figures who are unhelpful or absent.
Transformation is a common theme in many works by Umezu, as in (1975) and Mushi-tachi no Ie. In this case, the transformation concerns that of the "monster that dwells in us", which novelist Hitomi Kanehara describes in her postface to a collected edition of the series as a "mysterious being, unable itself to explain its behavior, which sets up a dark and troubled atmosphere, and has something repulsive about it." Kanehara attributes the fascination and fear of characters who suddenly transform to the Japanese ghost stories collected by Koizumi Yakumoβparticularly Mujina from Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things, which features the , a humanoid that can make its face disappear.
Family similarly recurs as a common theme in Umezu's manga and appears as a major theme in all three stories in the trilogy. In the 1960s, manga regularly focused on mother-daughter relationships, and the story formula of a daughter searching for her beloved missing mother was especially popular. In the trilogy, Umezu subverts this story formula by creating a monstrous mother figure who seeks to actively harm her daughter. By placing a mother character in a negative light, Umezu is seen as breaking down the idealized image of the mother common in manga of the era.
The "snake-woman" archetype
The snake-woman is a with serpentine physical and behavioral characteristics, including skin covered in scales and a deformed mouth filled with sharp teeth. She is able to assume a human appearance, a technique she uses to approach her prey, whom she then devours. The snake-woman may also seek to pass her curse along to others and create a family in her image.
This tendency of the snake-women to turn others into snake-people has been likened to the western vampire, a creature which does not appear in Japanese folklore. Critic StΓ©phane du Mesnildot argues this tendency introduces a feminist dimension to the snake-women figure that makes it representative of "the dark side of femininity, and very often, its revenge on an unjust and authoritarian masculine society". The figure is likely inspired by the Yama-uba, which, like the snake-woman, represents the archetype of the socially maladjusted woman in Japanese folklore.
Visual style
In contrast to the dark and realist style of Umezu's later works, the art style of the trilogy is simple, bright, and occasionally child-like. The girls who serve as the protagonists of the stories are drawn in a style typical of manga of their era: influenced by the art of Macoto Takahashi, with basic designs that emphasize their beauty, innocence, and purity. Particular emphasis is placed on their eyes, which are large, bright, and possess a star-shaped detail next to their pupil. Their design starkly contrasts that of the grotesque snake-woman; this was a visual innovation for manga, which at the time almost invariably depicted only cute and beautiful characters.
Reception and legacy
Scared of Mama was a critical and commercial success upon its release, and its popularity is credited with prompting a boom in the production of horror manga in the late 1960s. Manga scholar Hiromi Dollase attributes the series' success to Umezu's subversion of the loving maternal manga figure, which broke the artistic codes and conventions of manga of the era. The monstrous mother became a common motif in horror manga in the wake of Scared of Mama'''s success. Horror manga artist Kanako Inuki considers Reptilia to be her favorite horror manga: "This scared me so much when I first stumbled on it during kindergarten that I wanted to cry. But it was also the gateway to my horror manga addiction."
Two of the three stories in the trilogy have been adapted into films. Scared of Mama was adapted along with Umezu's into the 1968 film The Snake Girl and the Silver-Haired Witch, while the 2005 film , also known as Kazuo Umezu's Horror Theater: The Harlequin Girl, contains an adaptation of The Spotted Girl''.
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
1965 manga
Horror anime and manga
IDW Publishing titles
Kadokawa Shoten manga
Kazuo Umezu |
The Embassy of the Philippines in Buenos Aires is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the Argentine Republic. First opened in 1949 as the first Philippine diplomatic mission in Latin America, it is currently located in the barrio of Palermo in northern Buenos Aires, near its Chinatown.
History
Diplomatic relations between Argentina and the Philippines were established on August 21, 1948, with Narciso Ramos, who would later become Secretary of Foreign Affairs, being appointed as minister to Argentina by President Elpidio Quirino, alongside former member of the Philippine Legislature Manuel Escudero, who was appointed as first secretary and consul general. A legation was then opened on April 4, 1949, the first Philippine mission in Latin America, initially operating from the Plaza Hotel Buenos Aires.
The mission was later upgraded to a full embassy in 1960, with former Representative Pedro Gil, who had been appointed by Quirino's successor, Ramon Magsaysay, as minister in 1956, becoming the first resident Philippine ambassador to Argentina.
In 2018, members of the Argentine Workers' Central Union (CTA) organized a protest outside the Embassy against the "anti-worker" labor policies of President Rodrigo Duterte.
Chancery
Although the Philippine Embassy in Buenos Aires has moved a number of times in its history, since 2012 its chancery has been located in two historically significant buildings.
Calle Zapiola, Belgrano (2012β2020)
Between 2012 and 2020, the chancery of the Philippine Embassy in Buenos Aires was located on Calle Zapiola 1701 in Belgrano, in a building designed by Swiss eclectic architect and built in 1904. The property, a three-floor house, was equipped with features considered modern for its time, including central heating, a large terrace and a patio.
The property was used in various capacities prior to being occupied by the Embassy. A room inside the property was listed for rent in a 1942 ad published in a local newspaper catering to the German community in Argentina, the Deutsche La Plata Zeitung, and on October 22, 1948, its owner, Francisco Toifl, sold the property β at the time a furnished house β to Raquel Burgos de Escobar. Escobar also acquired the property on the opposite corner, at the time home to a Viennese coffee house, and ran both properties as hotels. She then sold the property on November 6, 1950 to Josefa F. MΓ³naco de Miranda, who ran it as the Hotel Victory, and selling it less than a year later to a new owner, Teodoro Gehrung. By 1958, the property had come to the ownership of hoteliers Antonio Muras NΓΊΓ±ez and Adolfo Mata Rial.
Starting as late as 1967, and until at least 1973, the property served as the residence of Dr. Carlos David Storni, who became president and later Honorary Member of the Argentine Geological Association. In 1989, it was converted into the Hogar del Virrey, a retirement home established by psychologist Alejandro van Oostveldt and his wife, Elsa Patricia Pizzi, and in 2007 the property was listed as a heritage building (edificio representativo) by the Buenos Aires City Legislature with the passage of Law No. 2.548, which prohibits the demolition of any structure in Buenos Aires built before December 31, 1941. The Buenos Aires center of the Sentro Rizal opened in the property on June 21, 2015, and the Embassy fully vacated the property by December 30, 2020 in preparation for the new chancery, relocating to a temporary office on Calle Mariscal Antonio JosΓ© de Sucre in central Belgrano.
In 1997, the Buenos Aires city government was forced to reconstruct the property's legal records after it was discovered that the original records could not be found.
Calle 11 de Septiembre de 1888, Palermo (since 2021)
On September 29, 2020, the Embassy released bidding documents indicating that it had acquired a new building, located on Calle 11 de Septiembre de 1888 in neighboring Palermo, to serve as the mission's new chancery, which was funded through that year's Philippine national budget.
The land on which the chancery now stands was originally part of a vast estate owned by the family of JosΓ© Pedro Ernesto Tornquist, a German-born property developer whose son, Ernesto, was one of the most prominent businessmen in Argentina during his time. The estate was later subdivided, and the corner lot was acquired by TomΓ‘s Finochietto and Ana ChammΓ‘s, immigrants from Genoa who arrived in Argentina at the end of the 19th century. It would then pass on to their children, including , who would later become the family doctor of Argentine President Juan Domingo PerΓ³n and his wife, Eva.
The building was built in 1930 to serve as the Finochietto family home, the brainchild of Susana Edelmira Finochietto y FernΓ‘ndez, daughter of noted surgeon Enrique Finochietto, Ricardo's brother, and her husband JuliΓ‘n TristΓ‘n Arabehety. In 2009, it was catalogued and listed as part of the urban heritage of Buenos Aires, and the property was acquired by the Philippine government in 2019, during the ambassadorship of Linglingay F. Lacanlale. The Embassy later budgeted around $1.31 million to renovate the property, as well as an additional $275,000 for new fixtures, furniture and equipment. Contracting the Buenos Aires-based firm Adamo-Faiden Architects to execute the project, renovation work was completed the following year.
Although the Embassy relocated to the new chancery on August 2, 2021, it was not inaugurated until May 20, 2022, with the inauguration led by Foreign Affairs Undersecretary Ma. Theresa P. Lazaro. Lazaro was joined at the inauguration by her Argentine counterpart, Claudio Javier Rosencwaig, and Ambassador Lacanlale. The event also served as the diplomatic reception commemorating the 124th anniversary of Philippine independence.
Originally constructed in the French Neoclassical style that was popular in Argentina at the end of the 19th century, the property was renovated to conform to the requirements of a modern chancery although many original features were kept, including the façade, the original wooden doors and grand staircase, and fixtures made of Carrara marble by the entrance and back stairs. The fence, meanwhile, is a new addition with a design inspired by ikat weaving patterns indigenous to the Philippines.
Staff and activities
The Philippine Embassy in Buenos Aires is currently headed by Ambassador Grace T. Cruz-Fabella, who was appointed to the position by President Bongbong Marcos on September 1, 2022. Prior to becoming Ambassador, Cruz-Fabella, a career diplomat, served as an assistant secretary at the Department of Foreign Affairs, and before that served as the Philippine representative to the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) secretariat. Her appointment was confirmed by the Commission on Appointments on September 28, 2022, and she presented her credentials to Argentine President Alberto FernΓ‘ndez on August 1, 2023.
Many of the Embassy's activities center around promoting Filipino culture and strengthening the deep cultural ties between the Philippines and the other countries under its jurisdiction. These include promoting the practice of arnis in the country in 2007, facilitating a series of concerts by the University of the Philippines Madrigal Singers in 2011, organizing a benefit dinner for victims of Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) in 2013, and hosting an exhibit on Philippine textiles at the Fondo Nacional de las Artes in 2019. It also collaborates with the other Southeast Asian missions in Argentina to promote the region as a whole: in 2015, the Embassy led in organizing a festival promoting Southeast Asian cultures at Plaza Barrancas in Belgrano, and the next year participated in festivities celebrating the 63rd anniversary of the FederaciΓ³n EconΓ³mica de TucumΓ‘n.
In addition to activities in Argentina, the Embassy exercises jurisdiction in Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay, where it maintains honorary consulates.
See also
ArgentinaβPhilippines relations
List of diplomatic missions of the Philippines
References
External links
Official website of the Philippine Embassy in Buenos Aires
P
B |
Willard Harris Chandler (November 18, 1830March 24, 1901) was an American educator, farmer, and Republican politician. He served in the Wisconsin State Senate and Assembly, and was President pro tempore of the Wisconsin Senate for the 1865 and 1866 sessions.
Biography
Chandler was born on November 18, 1830 in Brattleboro, Vermont. He married Lucinda Wellman (1830β1893) in 1854 and they moved to Wisconsin that same year. They initially lived in Darien, Wisconsin and then soon moved to Windsor, Wisconsin before relocating to a farm in Burke, Wisconsin near Sun Prairie in 1869. After the death of his first wife, he married Harriet Adelaide Salisbury (1845β1898) in 1895. Chandler died at his farm on March 24, 1901.
Career
Chandler held a variety of local offices, including town and county school superintendent, and county supervisor. He was a member of the Assembly from 1861 to 1862 and again in 1870. He was elected to the Senate in 1863, where he eventually became president pro tem. He was the Republican nominee for state superintendent of education in 1892, coming in second with 169,739 votes to 176,666 for the incumbent, Democrat Oliver Elwin Wells; 13,258 for Prohibitionist L. Wesley Underwood; and 9,784 for Populist Charles Hatch.
References
External links
Politicians from Brattleboro, Vermont
People from Delavan, Wisconsin
People from Sun Prairie, Wisconsin
Republican Party Wisconsin state senators
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
1830 births
1901 deaths
19th-century American politicians
School superintendents in Wisconsin
County supervisors in Wisconsin
Educators from Wisconsin
Farmers from Wisconsin |
Najas guadalupensis is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names southern waternymph, guppy grass, najas grass, and common water nymph. It is native to the Americas, where it is widespread. It is considered native to Canada (from Alberta to Quebec), and most of the contiguous United States, Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America. It has been introduced in Japan, Israel and Palestine.
Najas guadalupensis is an annual, growing submerged in aquatic habitat types such as ponds, ditches, and streams. It produces a slender, branching stem up to 60 to 90 centimeters in maximum length. The thin, somewhat transparent, flexible leaves are up to 3 centimeters long and just 1 or 2 millimeters wide. They are edged with minute, unicellular teeth. Tiny flowers occur in the leaf axils; staminate flowers grow toward the end of the plant and pistillate closer to the base. They are also a popular aquarium plant for beginners due to their hardiness as well as growth rate, which helps provide shelter for aquarium fish.
Subspecies
Numerous varietal and subspecific names have been proposed. Only four are currently recognized:
Najas guadalupensis subsp. floridana (R.R.Haynes & Wentz) R.R.Haynes & Hellq β Alabama, Florida, and Georgia (U.S. state); naturalized in Japan
Najas guadalupensis subsp. guadalupensis
Najas guadalupensis subsp. muenscheri (R.T.Clausen) R.R.Haynes & Hellq. β New York State
Najas guadalupensis subsp. olivacea (Rosend. & Butters) R.R.Haynes & Hellq. β Canada (Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec) and northern United States (Iowa, Minnesota, Indiana, Michigan, New York state)
References
External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
Photo gallery
guadalupensis
Aquatic plants
Aquarium plants
Plants described in 1824
Flora of Northern America
Flora of Southern America
Plants described in 1870 |
The Fort Garry Historical Society was a non-profit organization formed in 1971 and folded in 2016, it mandate was to foster the preservation of heritage sites in St. Norbert and Fort Garry in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
The museum is affiliated with CMA, CHIN, and Virtual Museum of Canada.
Heritage sites
One of historical society's primary heritage sites is the St. Norbert Provincial Heritage Park, a park with 14 interpretive plaques about the cultural history and development of the community. The plaques form a self-guiding tour along the La Salle and Red River, ending at the historic junction of the two rivers, which faces the floodway bridge and gates.
The site also features two restored historic house museums, the Turenne and BohΓ©mier homes, which feature late 19th century furnishings. The houses are also known as the Fort Garry Historical Society Museum. The houses are open in the summer season.
The house owned by Pierre Delorme, a prominent MΓ©tis politician, is also located in the park, but has not been restored.
Henderson House built in 1854 and originally at 2112 Henderson Highway in North Kildonan is also in the park and it was moved to a site next to the Delorme House in 1979. It has not been restored but the North East Winnipeg Historical Society has plans to restore the house and hopefully move it back to North Kildonan.
External links
Fort Garry Historical Society - Town of Fort Garry site
St. Norbert Provincial Park - Manitoba Conservation Department
Historic house museums in Manitoba
Museums in Winnipeg
Historical societies of Canada
Historical_Society
St. Norbert, Winnipeg |
HCS Aurora, the Honourable East India Company's Ship Aurora, was a sloop-of-war launched at Bombay for the Bombay Marine, the naval arm of the British East India Company (EIC), to protect the trade in the Indian Ocean from pirates. The French captured her in late September 1810, only to have the British recapture her in early December. She returned to the service of the Bombay Marine, assisting the British Government and the Royal Navy in various campaigns in the East Indies and the Persian Gulf. She was still listed on the rolls of the Bombay Marine on 1 January 1828.
Career
Aurora went into active service shortly after she was launched. Under the command of Lieutenant Conyers, she participated the Persian Gulf campaign of 1809. The Royal Navy and the EIC sent a large force to the Persian Gulf to force the Qawasim - a tribal confederation at war with Britain's ally, Oman - to cease their attacks on local shipping, particularly on the Persian and Arab coasts of the Straits of Hormuz. The operation's success was limited as British were unable to permanently suppress the strong fleets of the Qawasim of Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah.
Capture and recapture
Aurora, under the command of Lieutenant Watkins, left Bombay on 16 August 1810 on a cruise. Lloyd's List reported that the French frigates Iphigenia and Astree had captured Aurora, of 10 guns and 100 men, in October. French records reveal that IphigΓ©nie, under Acting Captain Bouvet, and AstrΓ©e captured Aurora, of 16-guns, on 20 September 1810. Both reports agree that her captors took her to Γle de France. The French Navy then took Aurora into service as the corvette Aurore.
The British recaptured Aurora, and several other EIC vessels, as a consequence of their successful invasion of Isle de France in NovemberβDecember 1810. Aurora then returned to Bombay and the EIC's service.
When the French captured British vessels they tried to get sailors, marines, and in the case of EIC ships, lascars, to join the French Navy. Apparently they generally had some success, particularly with Irishmen and lascars. However, in the case of Aurora, her marine detachment of 16 or 17 sepoys, recruited from among the Concanny Purwarries and serving in the Marine Battalion of the Bombay Marine, were steadfast in resisting first blandishments and then harsh treatment. When Aurora returned to Bombay, the Government promoted each man one grade, gave all the men a medal inscribed on one side in English and the other in Konkani, and had the order commending the marines read to every Native regiment in the Bombay army.
Invasion of Java and punitive expeditions
In 1811, the Royal Navy and the EIC combined to launch an invasion of Java. The EIC contributed several warships, including Aurora, under the command of Commander Watkins, and several East Indiamen and other transports.
In December Aurora was in Calcutta when the news arrived that a large force of Burmese troops had invaded the area of Chittagong. Captain Macdonald of Aurora assembled a force consisting of Aurora and the EIC's cruisers Phoenix, Thetis, and Vestal, as well as a 900 troops. The troops disembarked at Chittagong on 6 December, at which point the Burmese retreated.
In 1812, Palimbang was under British control, with Sir Stamford Raffles as the governor of British Java. The ex-sultan of Palimbang established a stockade a few miles up from the city. From there he intercepted supplies and threatened the new sultan. Major Mears of the Bombay Army and Captain MacDonald of Aurora sent 200 men in boats to capture the stockade. They were able to do so, though not without the loss of Major Mears.
That same year, , , and , and a detachment of 100 men from the 48th Highlanders set out on a punitive expedition against the Sultanate of Sambas, along the Sambas River in western Borneo. Barracouta was unable to force the river defenses and the expedition retreated after she suffered some casualties.
From January Aurora and some gunboats then maintained a blockade until a second punitive expedition arrived in June 1813. While she maintained the blockade, Aurora recaptured some valuable Chinese junks, and unsuccessfully chased the ship Coromandel, up the river.
For the second punitive expedition against Sambas, the Royal Navy contingent consisted of , , , , , and Procris, with Captain Sayer of Leda as the senior naval officer. The EIC contributed the cruisers Malabar, Teignmouth, and Aurora, seven gunboats, the transport Troubridge, and the East Indiaman . The army contingent consisted of the 14th Regiment of Foot, a company each from the Bengal artillery and the HEIC's European Regiment, and the 3rd Bengal Volunteer Battalion. Eventually the British vessels, except the frigates, were able to cross the bar in front of the river and move towards the town of Sambas. Capturing two forts yielded over 70 brass and iron guns of mixed calibers, but the town of itself yielded little booty. The expedition was able to recapture the Portuguese brig Coromandel, which the pirates had captured the year before. British casualties from combat were relatively low, but casualties from fever and disease were high.
In early 1814, the British Army officer in charge at Palimbang replaced the current sultan with the previous sultan, who was sent into retirement in the interior. Raffles sent Captain MacDonald and Aurora, to investigate the situation. The previous sultan was deposed and his successor reinstated.
In April, the EIC put together a small force consisting of Malabar, under Captain Robert Deane, the overall naval commander, Teignmouth, Aurora, and some gunboats, and an Army contingent under the command of Major-General Miles Nightingale to capture the town of Makassar from its current rajah. On 7 June the force captured Makassar, with the rajah fleeing into the countryside. A new rajah was installed, and the force returned to Company waters. Aurora returned to Calcutta, carrying the Army staff and several officials.
Incident in 1816
The Maratha Navy, the organised naval force of the Maratha Empire posed a longstanding problem for the EIC. In 1816 Aurora engaged in combat with a Maratha navy flotilla in the Bay of Bengal. The painting to the right shows Aurora engaging two grabs and numerous gallivats. The action immediately preceded the Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817β18), which finally brought the Maratha Empire under EIC control.
Incident in 1817
In January 1817 Aurora was under the command of Captain Jeakes. She was towing a large "baghalah", which carried treasure from Kuwait and was destined for the Imam of Muscat. As they were sailing down the Gulf, a Qawasim force of 15 "dhows and trankies" attacked them, attempting to capture the baghalah. Jeakes managed to maneuver Aurora to bring her guns to bear and sink many of the dhows. When Aurora and the baghalah arrived at Muscat, the Imam presented Captain Jeakes with a valuable sword and an Arabian horse. Aurora then continued her journey onto Bombay.
Punitive expedition against Ras Al Khaima
In November 1819, the British embarked on an expedition against the Qawasim, led by Major-General William Keir Grant, voyaging to Ras Al Khaimah with a platoon of 3,000 soldiers. The British extended an offer to Said bin Sultan of Muscat in which he would be made ruler of the 'Pirate Coast' if he agreed to assist the British in their expedition. Obligingly, he sent a force of 600 men and two ships.
The naval force consisted of , , , and a number of gun and mortar boats. Captain Collier, of Liverpool, led the naval force. The Bombay Marine of the East India Company (EIC) contributed six armed vessels: the 16-gun Teignmouth under the command of Captain Hall, the EIC senior captain, the 16-gun Benares, the 14-gun , the 14-gun Nautilus, the 12-gun Ariel, and the 12-gun . Later two frigates and 600 men belonging to the Sultan of Muscat joined the expedition.
On the army side, Major General Sir William Keir commanded some 3,000 troops in transports, including the 47th and 65th Regiments of Foot, the 1st Battalion of the 2nd Regiment of Native Infantry, the flank companies of the 1st Battalion of the 3rd Regiment of Native Infantry and of the Marine Battalion, and half a company of Pioneers. In all, 1,645 European and 1,424 Indian soldiers and marines took part in the expedition. The force gathered off the coast of Ras Al Khaimah on 25 and 26 November and, on 2 and 3 December, troops were landed south of the town and set up batteries of guns and mortars and, on 5 December, the town was bombarded from both land and sea. Collier placed Captain Walpole of Curlew in charge of the gun boats and an armed pinnace to protect the landing, which was, however, unopposed. The bombardment of the town commenced on 6 December, from landed batteries of 12 pound guns and mortars as well as from sea. On 7 December, two 24-pound cannon from Liverpool were added to the land batteries.
The rout of Ras Al Khaimah led to only five British casualties as opposed to the 400 to 1,000 casualties reportedly suffered by the Qawasim.
Following the fall of Ras Al Khaimah, the Aurora, together with Curlew and Nautilus, were sent to blockade Rams to the North and this, too was found to be deserted and its inhabitants retired to the 'impregnable' hill-top fort of Dhayah. Following a three-day bombardment, Dhayah Fort surrendered on 22 December.
The British expeditionary force then blew up the town of Ras Al Khaimah and established a garrison there of 800 sepoys and artillery, before visiting Jazirat Al Hamra, which was found to be deserted. They went on to destroy the fortifications and larger vessels of Umm Al Qawain, Ajman, Fasht, Sharjah, Abu Hail, and Dubai. Ten vessels that had taken shelter in Bahrain were also destroyed. The Royal Navy suffered no casualties during the action.
Fate
The last readily available online mention of Aurora notes that she was still listed as serving the Bombay Marine on 1 January 1828.
Notes
Citations
References
Ships of the Bombay Marine
1809 ships
Captured ships |
ZdeΕka HonsovΓ‘ (3 July 1927 in Jihlava β 16 May 1994) was a Czech gymnast who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.
HonsovΓ‘ was the highest women's gymnastics individual all-around scorer at these Olympics, continuing the legacy of major-games-all-around-first-place-winning established by her Czechoslovakian compatriate, the sport's first-ever women's World All-Around Champion and twice-first-place-finisher in the combined individual standings, Vlasta DΔkanovΓ‘, and continued later by another of her Czechoslovakian compatriates, two-time Olympic All-Around Champion VΔra ΔΓ‘slavskΓ‘.
Honsova had a truly outstanding competition at these games in 1948, coming in 1st place in the individual total combined standings, the individual compulsory exercise combined standings, Flying rings, and balance beam (combined compulsory and voluntary score). She was also the 2nd-place finisher on compulsory beam ( behind her teammate Bozena Srncova ), and the 4th-place finisher on compulsory vault.
Unfortunately, HonsovΓ‘ is not officially recognized as being an Olympic All-Around Champion like women gymnasts such as Larisa Latynina, ΔΓ‘slavskΓ‘, Nadia ComΔneci, Elena Shushunova, or Simone Biles because individual medals were not awarded to women gymnasts at the Olympic games until 1952. This is a lack-of-individual distinction that she shares with Trudi Meyer as well as with whoever was the highest scorer of the women's gymnastics competition at the 1928 Amsterdam Summer Olympic Games.
References
1927 births
1994 deaths
Czech female artistic gymnasts
Olympic gymnasts for Czechoslovakia
Gymnasts at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Czechoslovakia
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Sportspeople from Jihlava
Medalists at the 1948 Summer Olympics |
Luca D'Andrea (born 6 September 2004) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or a right winger for Serie B club Catanzaro, on loan from Sassuolo.
Club career
Born in Naples, D'Andrea started playing football at the grassroots schools Ponticelli, Mariano Keller and Azzurri, before entering SPAL's youth sector in 2018, where he reached the semi-finals of the national under-17 championship in 2021. Then, in January 2022, he joined Sassuolo, signing his first professional deal in the process.
In the summer of the same year, he was officially promoted to the first team by manager Alessio Dionisi: he subsequently made his professional debut on 17 September, starting the Serie A match against Torino, which ended in a 0β1 win for his side. In January 2023, he extended his contract with Sassuolo until 2027.
On 1 August of the same year, D'Andrea joined newly-promoted Serie B club Catanzaro on a season-long loan. On 27 August, having come on as a substitute in the second half of a league match against Ternana, he gained a penalty kick for his side in the 89th minute, which was scored by Jari Vandeputte and helped Catanzaro obtain a 2β1 win.
International career
D'Andrea has represented Italy at several youth international levels, having featured for the under-18 and under-19 national teams.
He was included in the under-18 squad that took part in the 2022 Mediterranean Games in Oran, as the Azzurrini eventually won the silver medal after losing to France (1β0) in the tournament's final match.
In June 2023, he was included in the Italian squad for the UEFA European Under-19 Championship in Malta, where the Azzurrini eventually won their second continental title.
Style of play
D'Andrea is a left-footed forward, who can play either as an attacking midfielder or an inverted winger on the right side. A diminutive player, he has been mainly regarded for key skills such as technique, ball control, speed, dribbling and shooting, as well as his work rate.
Career statistics
Honours
Italy U19
UEFA European Under-19 Championship: 2023
References
External links
2004 births
Living people
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football forwards
SPAL players
US Sassuolo Calcio players
US Catanzaro 1929 players
Serie A players
Serie B players
Italy men's youth international footballers
Footballers from Naples
Sportspeople from Naples
Sportspeople from Campania
Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Italy
Mediterranean Games medalists in football |
Frederick R. Roat (November 10, 1867 β September 24, 1913) was a Major League Baseball third baseman. His minor league career lasted as late as 1899 with two stops in the majors in 1890 and 1892.
Sources
Major League Baseball third basemen
Pittsburgh Alleghenys players
Chicago Colts players
Baseball players from Illinois
1867 births
1913 deaths
19th-century baseball players
Danville Browns players
Rockford Hustlers players
Lincoln Rustlers players
Milwaukee Brewers (minor league) players
New Orleans Pelicans (baseball) players
Indianapolis Hoosiers (minor league) players
Indianapolis Indians players
Grand Rapids Bob-o-links players
Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players
Omaha Omahogs players
St. Joseph Saints players
Toronto Maple Leafs (International League) players
Minor league baseball managers
People from Oregon, Illinois
Sportspeople from the Rockford metropolitan area, Illinois |
These are the matches Fiorentina have played in European football competitions. The club's first entry into European competitions was in the 1956β57 European Cup, with their only trophy coming in the 1960β61 European Cup Winners' Cup.
UEFA-organised seasonal competitions
Fiorentina's score listed first.
European Cup / UEFA Champions League
European Cup Winners' Cup / UEFA Cup Winners' Cup
UEFA Cup / UEFA Europa League
UEFA Europa Conference League
FIFA-only recognized seasonal competitions
Inter-Cities Fairs Cup
Overall record
By competition
European Finals
Notes and references
Europe
Fiorentina |
The Bangladesh Squash Racket Federation is the national federation for squash and is responsible for governing the sport in Bangladesh. Faruk Khan, member of parliament, is the President of Bangladesh Squash Racket Federation. Brig Gen G M Quamrul Islam, SPP (R) is the Secretary General of the Bangladesh Squash Racket Federation.
History
The Bangladesh Squash Racket Federation was established in 1978.
References
National members of the World Squash Federation
1978 establishments in Bangladesh
Sports organizations established in 1978
Squash Racket
Organisations based in Dhaka |
The Minore Mafia clan was a historical Sicilian Mafia clan originating from the city of Castellammare del Golfo on Sicily's west coast. It was probably founded sometime at the start of the 20th century, it later came to control the city of Trapani and held considerable influence throughout the entire province, and also in Palermo and Catania. They historically maintained good relations with the Buccellato Mafia clan, which also hailed from Castellammare del Golfo.
History and notable members
The first recorded mention of the clan is from the 1910s, when Salvatore Minore, nicknamed "Don TotΓ²", was named as a powerful mafioso in the city. Minore's sister Elisabetta married Salvatore Maranzano, who would later emigrate to the United States and become an important figure within the American Mafia.
The best known members of the clan, however, are the Minore brothers and cousins who took control of the city of Trapani in the 1950s, taking over from Andrea Fazio. The boss thus became Antonio Salvatore Minore, commonly known as TotΓ² Minore, who controlled the city and held great sway over the province together with his brothers Giovanni, Calogero, Giuseppe and Giacomo. TotΓ² Minore, who was already well known to law enforcement and was banished as part of the "soggiorno obbligato" measure to the island of Ustica in 1948 for five years. Calogero Minore was considered the peacemaker of the family for his ability to mediate disputes in the region, and was tied to Mazara boss Leonardo Bonafede. The Minore clan went on to form a very strong alliance with the Buccellato Mafia clan, which like the Minores hailed from Castellammare del Golfo, and eventually came to control that city. TotΓ² Minore was one of the mafiosi present at the 1957 Palermo Mafia summit with American crime boss Joe Bonanno. In 1966, TotΓ² Minore emigrated to the United States and linked up to the Gambino family, opening up a series of pizzerias that were used as a front for narcotics trafficking. He also traveled to Libya, Brazil (where he owned a hotel) and Argentina (once with future Mafia pentito Tommaso Buscetta), and was involved in a large money laundering operation in mainland Italy and in the province of Trapani itself.
TotΓ² Minore developed very close ties to the province of Catania. In 1960, he was the godfather at the baptism of the son of Giuseppe Calderone, the Mafia boss of Catania. Minore was also in business relations with Carmelo Costanzo, dubbed one of "the four horsemen of the Mafia apocalypse" by journalist Pippo Fava. According to pentito Antonino Calderone, Minore was a family friend of Carmelo Costanzo and his other relatives, and some "men of honor" who were forced to leave the province of Trapani due to police attention were employed at the Costanzo facilities under Minore's direction. Both TotΓ² and Calogero Minore came to own two hundred hectares of land each near Trapani, which were frequently used for Mafia summits and hiding fugitives, and they owned many businesses in and around the city, including tourism facilities, vehicle dealerships, cooperatives, and most importantly the city's banks.
Both the Minore and Buccellato clan developed a fierce rivalry with the Rimi Mafia clan over the course of the 1970s, and in turn with the Mafia family of Cinisi headed by Gaetano Badalamenti, who was related to the Rimis by marriage. The Minore and Buccellato clans resented the Rimis' strong links with the Palermitan families, and when Badalamenti was in power he even warned Minore against going to the province of Palermo under the threat of death. The emerging Corleonesi Mafia clan at this point backed the Minores and Buccellatos against the Rimis and Badalamentis in their quest to isolate the Palermo families. But while such threats of violence and other acts of hostility abounded, the rivalry never developed into a proper war.
The Minore clan was involved in a controversy in the late 1970s with the prosecutor of Trapani, Giangiacomo Ciaccio Montalto. Montalto was investigating Mafia activities in the city and province and scrutinized the Minore's many illegal dealings, including several kidnappings in the area such as the fake kidnapping of the businessman Rodittis and the kidnapping and murder of Luigi Corleo, the father-in-law of Nino Salvo. Montalto even ordered an exhumation of the elder brother Giovanni, who had died of natural causes, something which caused great resentment against him by the clan. Montalto issued an arrest warrant for TotΓ² Minore in 1979 for weapons trafficking, and from then on the boss of Trapani and his brother lived as fugitives. Ciaccio Montalto would eventually be murdered in January 1983, and for a long time police suspected TotΓ² Minore of being the organizer, although it later came to light that the murder was carried out by the Corleonesi and saw no involvement from the Minore clan.
Decline
The Minore and Buccellato clans had been close to the Corleonesi clan of TotΓ² Riina prior to the outbreak of the Second Mafia War. Nevertheless, as the war began, Riina saw them as unreliable due to their insistence on being neutral and most importantly, he was eager to weaken the two clans to reward his main allies in the province: Francesco Messina Denaro from Castelvetrano, Mariano Agate from Mazara del Vallo and Vincenzo Virga from Trapani.
On 20 November 1982, TotΓ² Minore, NicolΓ² Miceli, Martino Buccellato from Castellammare del Golfo and Vincenzo Palazzolo from Cinisi were summoned to a meeting in Palermo by the boss of Partanna-Mondello, Rosario Riccobono. There, on the orders of TotΓ² Riina, the four were strangled and their bodies made to disappear, a practice colloquially known as lupara bianca. News of the massacre did not emerge in mainstream media until 1998, when Calogero Ganci, son of Raffaele Ganci and one of the killers of TotΓ² Minore, confessed to police. Underworld legend goes that TotΓ² Minore's severed head, on Riina's orders, was delivered to his relatives as a warning. Ironically, this would be Rosario Riccobono's last betrayal on behalf of the Corleonesi, as the boss of Partanna-Mondello himself would be murdered in similar circumstances only ten days later, on 30 November. TotΓ² Minore's brother Calogero remained a fugitive until 1986, when he was arrested while hiding in a house in Trapani. He died of natural causes in 1998, before any of his trials had concluded. Many other associates of the Minores were either murdered or forced to step down during the war, and the clan lost all of the power it had accumulated over decades in Sicily, as did the Buccellatos and many other "old guard" Mafia clans defeated by the Corleonesi.
References
External links
Sicilian Mafia clans |
Apagomera triangularis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Ernst Friedrich Germar in 1824. It is known from Brazil.
References
Hemilophini
Beetles described in 1824 |
Fritz Kominek (15 January 1927 β 25 October 2002) was an Austrian footballer and manager. He played in six matches for the Austria national football team from 1945 to 1953.
References
External links
1927 births
2002 deaths
Austrian men's footballers
Austria men's international footballers
Place of birth missing
Men's association football players not categorized by position
Austrian football managers
1. Wiener NeustΓ€dter SC managers
Grazer AK managers
FC Fribourg managers
Austrian expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Switzerland
Austrian expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland |
Ebensburg Airport is a public airport located approximately southwest of Ebensburg, Pennsylvania. It provides general aviation service.
See also
Pennsylvania World War II Army Airfields
References
Shaw, Frederick J. (2004), Locating Air Force Base Sites History's Legacy, Air Force History and Museums Program, United States Air Force, Washington DC, 2004.
External links
Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces Technical Service Command
Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in Pennsylvania
Airports in Pennsylvania
Transportation buildings and structures in Cambria County, Pennsylvania |
Speak of the Devil is the seventh studio album by the American rock musician Chris Isaak, released in 1998.
Track listing
Personnel
Chris Isaak - vocals, guitar
Hershel Yatovitz - guitar, vocals
Rowland Salley - bass, vocals
Kenney Dale Johnson - drums, vocals
with:
Rob Cavallo - additional guitar on "Please" and "Walk Slow"
Curt Bisquera, Cynthia Corra, Dave Palmer, Frank Martin, Jamie Muhoberac, Jimmy Pugh, John Pierce, Julie Lorch, Mark Needham, Mary Dunaway, Matt Chamberlain, Patrick Warren, Steve Ferrone, Terry Wood, Weddy Waller - additional musicians
Technical
Chris Lord-Alge (tracks 1,2,5-8,11), Mark Needham (tracks 3,4,9,10,12-14) - mixing
Chris Isaak (tracks 4-6,9,12-14), Erik Jacobsen (tracks 1-3,7-12), Rob Cavallo (track 4) - producer
Melanie Nissen - photography
Charts
Sales and certifications
References
External links
Chris Isaak official website
Chris Isaak albums
1998 albums
Reprise Records albums
Albums produced by Erik Jacobsen
Albums produced by Rob Cavallo |
In Greek mythology, Porthaon (Ancient Greek: Ξ ΞΏΟΞΈΞ¬ΟΞ½, genitive Ξ ΞΏΟθάονοΟ), sometimes referred to as Parthaon or Portheus (seems related to the verb portheΕ and perthΕ, "destroy'), was a king of Calydon and son of Agenor or Ares by Epicaste and thus brother of Demonice (also known as Demodice) and possibly Thestius.
Family
Porthaon was the husband of Euryte, daughter of Hippodamas, who became the mother of his children, Oeneus, Agrius, Alcathous, Melas, Leucopeus and Sterope. In some account, his wife Laothoe bore him three daughters, Sterope, Eurythemiste and Stratonice. By an unnamed servant, Porthaon was the father of the Argonaut LaocoΓΆn. Dia, the consort of his son Agrius was also called his daughter.
Genealogical tree
Notes
References
Antoninus Liberalis, The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis translated by Francis Celoria (Routledge 1992). Online version at the Topos Text Project.
Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica translated by Robert Cooper Seaton (1853-1915), R. C. Loeb Classical Library Volume 001. London, William Heinemann Ltd, 1912. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica. George W. Mooney. London. Longmans, Green. 1912. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
Children of Ares
Demigods in classical mythology
Family of Calyce
Princes in Greek mythology
Kings in Greek mythology
Aetolian characters in Greek mythology |
Youngblood Supercult was an American stoner rock band from Topeka, Kansas, United States. The band's line-up consists of Bailey Smith (guitar), David Merrill (vocals), Weston Alford (drums), and Brad Morris (bass). The group has been categorized as hard rock, stoner rock, and heavy blues. Their second album, High Plains (2016) garnered substantial reviews and ranked at number two on the label and critic-backed Doom Charts for March 2016. They have been consistently touring various U.S. cities since their latest release, and have signed to DHU Records for a limited vinyl release of High Plains. Their third studio album, The Great American Death Rattle, was released on August 17, 2017, and has garnered critical acclaim in the stoner/doom community.
History
Youngblood Supercult formed in the wake of the splintering of several different bands located on the desolate plains of northeast Kansas. The four original membersBailey Smith, Weston Alford, Coder Potts, and Wyatt Deschentered the Topeka music scene with their debut in the NOTO Arts District on September 6, 2013.
After several shows, the four musicians went to Alexander Lancaster's Two Wolves Studio in downtown Topeka to record their debut album, Season of the Witch, under the direction of producer and friend, David Steinlage. Jerry Tubb of Austin's Terra Nova Studios mastered the album, and the band recruited designer Pol Abran of Branca Studio in Barcelona to oversee the album art. Heavy Planet praised the album in their review: "Straight out of Topeka, Kansas comes four riff-worshipping bandmates that unite their love of seventies heavy blues, occult-ish doom rock, and a free and easy vibe in what they like to call Stoner-lite. I would have to say that their sound would not qualify as "lite" in my book, in someone else's, maybe. The band's first single "Season of the Witch" is a slithering, hard-driving, and catchy tune that wraps around a tight groove. The vocals reign supreme with their bravado and mighty soaring ability. Youngblood Supercult has played alongside fellow Topekans and Heavy Planet favorite The Midnight Ghost Train. The band has a very straightforward approach and a strong desire to make a name for themselves. Give Youngblood Supercult a listen, you'll be glad you did."
Following the release of Season of the Witch, vocalist Wyatt Desch left the group to focus on other endeavors, and they were joined by their current vocalist, David Merrill. This transition marked a new era for the group. They wrote feverishly, departing from their previous driving heavy rock sound in favor of experimenting with elements of folk, blues, psych, and the droning, flat-tuned, off-time riffs that are the trademark of the traditional classic heavy stoner sound.
Critical response to their music was positive. As a result of creative differences between Coder and the rest of the group, David recorded basslines on High Plains. After peacefully severing professional ties with their bassist, Youngblood Supercult consolidated into a three-piece group as David began to work on simultaneous vocals and bass.
The group released their second album High Plains on February 19, 2016, an album which has already received online and FM airplay on 105.9 KISS FM and 97.5 The Quake as well as critical acclaim from music blog administrators such as The Obelisk'''s JJ Koczan, who wrote: "Midwestern fuzz ideologues Youngblood Supercult release their sophomore full-length, High Plains, on Feb. 19. An 11-track/48-minute CD with double-vinyl impending for this summer, it follows early 2014βs debut, Season of the Witch, and marks a significant change in vibe on the part of the graphic-design-inclined Topeka, Kansas, three-piece. Where the debut took a classic metal bent toward heavy rock, more straightforward and rhythmically driving, High Plains offers plenty of sonic weightβthe guitar and bass working together on βBlack Hawk,β or the clawing βNomadβ earlier onβbut takes a more lurching, atmospheric approach overall. This seems to have been a purposeful shift in aesthetic as much as one of lineup, but either way, it suits them." More recently, the group picked up bassist Brad Morris in an effort to expand the band's musical capabilities. In the spring of 2017, they finished recording their third studio album, The Great American Death Rattle and the album was released on August 17, 2017.
It was announced in May 2019 via Facebook that the band was no more.
Members
Bailey Smith β guitar
David Merrill β vocals
Weston Alford β drums
Brad Morris β bass
Coder Potts β bass (2013β2015)
Wyatt Desch β vocals (2013β2014)
Discography
Season of the Witch (2014)
High Plains (2016)
The Great American Death Rattle'' (2017)
References
External links
2013 establishments in Kansas
2019 disestablishments in Kansas
American hard rock musical groups
Musical groups established in 2013
Musical groups disestablished in 2019
Rock music groups from Kansas
American stoner rock musical groups |
An In memoriam card is a Christian devotional image that is printed on its back as a commemoration for certain events such as the receiving the sacrament of the first holy communion, the making of solemn vows, the bestowal of holy orders or the consecration of virgins, and their major anniversaries. It often also includes a prayer, a quotation from the Bible and dates regarding the given event. Special forms of the in memoriam cards are Osterbilder and Sterbebildchen as well as in memoriam cards collected and blessed at a place of pilgrimage.
History
New Year wishes are among the oldest motifs of small devotional pictures and appear as monastic friendship gifts as early as the Middle Ages. So-called Osterbildchen or Osterbilder ("Easter pictures") occurred for the first time at the end of the 17th century and derive from the Baroque period. They were handed every year to the communicants in the Easter vigil and during Eastertide. This custom is still common.
In German-speaking Catholic regions, in memoriam cards are also manufactured on the occasion of the announcement of a death in the family (called Totenbildchen, Totenzettel, in Austria also Parte), combined with the request for prayers. Usually they are handed or sent to people who attended the Requiem Mass and the sepulture or have offered their sympathies to the family. Wealthy families commissioned such pictures already before 1900. Ordinary citizens could not afford such expenses until the 1930s. In the course of the 1940s, only a few citizens refrained from having in memoriam cards printed and only when they did not have the financial means to do so.
Gallery
See also
Holy card
Mourning stationery
References
Catholic spirituality
Paper products
Acknowledgements of death |
The Known World is a 2003 historical novel by Edward P. Jones. Set in Virginia during the antebellum era, it examines the issues regarding the ownership of Black slaves by both White and Black Americans.
The book was published to acclaim, which praised its story and Jones's prose. In particular, his ability to intertwine stories within stories received great praise from The New York Times.
The narration of The Known World is from the perspective of an omniscient figure who does not voice judgment. This allows the reader to experience the story without bias.
Awards and nominations
The novel won a National Book Critics Circle Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2004. In 2005, it won the International Dublin Literary Award, one of the richest literary awards for a novel in the English language. It was a finalist for the 2003 National Book Award.
In 2009, the website The Millions polled 48 critics, writers, and editors; the panel voted The Known World the second best novel since 2000. In 2015, the BBC polled American critics and ranked The Known World the "second greatest novel of the 21st century so far".
References
Further reading
External links
Interviews
Edward P. Jones on 'The Known World', official HarperCollins interview.
Interview with the author, transcript from NewsHour with Jim Lehrer, PBS, September 19, 2003
'The Known World', audio from National Public Radio, Morning Edition, October 28, 2003
Reviews
Page not found 'The Known World', review in Pop Matters, by Stephen M. Deusner, 5 January 2004
Page not found 'The Known World' review in storySouth, 2005
Page not found 'The Known World', review in The Washington Post, by Jonathan Yardley, August 24, 2003
"People who owned people", review in The New York Times, by John Vernon, August 31, 2003
"A transcendent story of slavery unfolds in black and white", review in The Boston Globe, by John Freeman, October 19, 2003
Misc
Photos of the first edition of The Known World
Two-part essay on Jones' use of a godlike omniscient narrator in "The Known World": Part 1, Part 2.
2003 American novels
Pulitzer Prize for Fiction-winning works
American historical novels
Novels about American slavery
Novels set in Virginia
Amistad Press books
African-American novels
Works by Edward P. Jones
2003 debut novels |
Oscar Martin "Ossie" Solem (December 13, 1891 β October 26, 1970) was an American football player, coach of football and basketball, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Luther College in Decorah, Iowa (1920), Drake University (1921β1931), the University of Iowa (1932β1936), Syracuse University (1937β1945), and Springfield College (1946β1957), compiling a career college football record of 162β117β20. From 1913 until 1920, Solem was the head coach of the Minneapolis Marines, prior to that team's entry into the National Football League (NFL). During his time with the Marines, Solem introduced the team to the single-wing formation, developed by the famed coach, Pop Warner, and used by the University of Minnesota, where Solem had played football. Solem was also the head basketball coach at Drake University for four seasons, from 1921 to 1925, tallying a mark of 37β31.
Playing and early coaching career
Solem played end at the University of Minnesota for Henry L. Williams from 1910 to 1912. He then began his coaching career, coaching for a pre-National Football League (NFL) professional football franchise called the Minneapolis Marines. He coached there for three years from 1913 to 1915 before coaching a few years of high school football at East Des Moines High School and South High School of Minneapolis.
Solem began his college coaching career at Luther College in 1920. After one year there, he was named head coach and athletic director at Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa in 1921. Solem served as Drake's head football coach and athletic director for 11 years from 1921 to 1931. From 1926 to 1931, he also served as the director of the Drake Relays.
Coaching career at Iowa
In 1932, Solem signed a three-year contract to succeed Burt Ingwersen as the 13th head football coach at the University of Iowa. He took over an Iowa football program that had recently been suspended from athletic competition in the Big Ten Conference for a month. More importantly, the Hawkeye program was suffering from the effects of the Great Depression. Since Iowa was a predominantly agricultural state, the Depression hit the Hawkeye athletic program particularly hard. The school could not even afford to pay Solem his full salary when he was first hired.
After winning the opening game of the 1932 season, Iowa lost their final seven games of the year. In the off-season, Solem loudly complained that athletes were being discriminated against in Iowa City and were not being hired for normal student jobs, probably as a result of Iowa's recent conference suspension. An independent investigator substantiated Solem's claims.
Hopes were not high in 1933, but Iowa responded with a 5β3 final record and Hawkeyes quarterback Joe Laws was named the Big Ten MVP. Solem's contract was extended two years, and with the departure of Iowa's athletic director, Solem was appointed to that position as well. Meanwhile, he struggled with a lack of cooperation from fellow Big Ten schools in schedule meetings. Each conference member was supposed to be guaranteed five conference games, but due to Iowa's recent suspension, other Big Ten schools were more accommodating to Notre Dame, a non-conference school, than they were to the Hawkeyes. Solem fought tirelessly to have Iowa regarded as a member of equal standing within the conference.
After two season opening wins, Iowa failed to win any of its final six games in 1934, and a season that started optimistically ended with a 2β5β1 record. Iowa managed to bounce back the following year with a respectable 4β2β2 record in 1935 behind the play of captain Dick Crayne and the sensational Ozzie Simmons. After the 1935 season, Solem worked with the president of the university at the time to improve the job situation for athletes in Iowa City. Their reforms helped Solem bring in what Solem called "the finest group of freshmen during my tenure". Many of the athletes Solem successfully recruited to Iowa would become the foundation for the 1939 Hawkeye team, nicknamed the "Ironmen", which included Nile Kinnick and Erwin Prasse.
A conflict between Solem and Ozzie Simmons overshadowed the 1936 season, which ended in a 3β4β1 record. After a 52β0 loss to Minnesota, Simmons quit the team for a couple days. Simmons stated that he felt Solem had been too critical of him for Iowa's failures during the 1936 season. Simmons was convinced to return to the team a few days later.
Before the final game of the season, reports were heard that Solem was leaving at the end of the year. Iowa defeated a heavily favored, nationally ranked Temple team, coached by Pop Warner, 25β0, to end Solem's coaching career at Iowa. After the 1936 season, Solem announced he was leaving Iowa for Syracuse University.
Later, Solem wrote, "I went down to Iowa City for the Iowa-Minnesota game, the first time I had been on the campus since the year after we left Iowa. As I sat there watching the game and admiring the beauty and growth of the campus, recalling the many friends we had in that lovely town, I could not bring myself to have any feeling of dislike or hate, but rather a feeling of regret...and gratefulness for having once been a part of that great institution."
Later coaching career
Solem coached at Syracuse from 1937 to 1945. During his time at Syracuse, he tutored a young assistant coach named Bud Wilkinson, who went on to coach the Oklahoma Sooners and win three national championships. After his time with the Orange, he coached at Springfield College in Massachusetts from 1946 to 1957, compiling a 58β33β7 record. Solem coached a total of 37 seasons of college football, with a combined record of 162β117β20 at five schools.
Death and legacy
Solem died at a hospital in Minneapolis, Minnesota on October 26, 1970.
One of his former players said about Solem, "He was a better offensive coach than he was a defensive coach...He was a fine, clean living man, and he was very well thought of in athletic circles." Former player Ozzie Simmons remarked, "He probably could have been tougher (on the players), but he was the finest gentleman I've ever been around."
Head coaching record
Professional football
College football
References
External links
1891 births
1950 deaths
American football ends
Drake Bulldogs athletic directors
Drake Bulldogs football coaches
Drake Bulldogs men's basketball coaches
Iowa Hawkeyes athletic directors
Iowa Hawkeyes football coaches
Luther Norse football coaches
Minneapolis Marines coaches
Minnesota Golden Gophers football players
Springfield Pride football coaches
Syracuse Orange football coaches
High school football coaches in Iowa
High school football coaches in Minnesota
United States Army officers
United States Army personnel of World War I
United States Army personnel of World War II
South High School (Minnesota) alumni
Sportspeople from Minneapolis
Coaches of American football from Minnesota
Players of American football from Minneapolis
Basketball coaches from Minnesota
Educators from Minnesota
American people of Norwegian descent
Sports coaches from Minneapolis |
```objective-c
#pragma once
#include <ATen/native/DispatchStub.h>
namespace c10 {
class Scalar;
}
namespace at {
struct TensorIterator;
}
namespace at::native {
using addr_fn = void (*)(TensorIterator &, const Scalar& beta, const Scalar& alpha);
DECLARE_DISPATCH(addr_fn, addr_stub);
} // namespace at::native
``` |
Ngal'ayel Mukau (born 3 November 2004) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Belgian club Mechelen.
Club career
Mukau is a youth product of Mechelen and Zulte Waregem. On 20 July 2022, he signed his first professional contract with Mechelen for 2+1 seasons. He made his senior and professional debut with Mechelen in a 2β0 Belgian First Division A loss to Zulte Waregem on 8 January 2023.
International career
Born in Belgium, Mukau is of DR Congolese descent. He is a youth international for Belgium, having played for the Belgium U18s. He was called up to a training camp for the DR Congo U21s in September 2023.
References
External links
RBFA Profile
2004 births
Living people
Footballers from Mechelen
Belgian men's footballers
Belgium men's youth international footballers
Belgian sportspeople of Democratic Republic of the Congo descent
Men's association football midfielders
Belgian Pro League players
K.V. Mechelen players |
Brunnenburg () is a 13th-century castle in the province of South Tyrol, in northern Italy.
History
Schloss Brunnenburg is situated above the city of Merano, on the outskirts of the municipality of Tirol. Originally built circa 1250, the castle was completely restored and updated in the mid-20th century by Boris de Rachewiltz, an Egyptologist, and his wife Mary, daughter of the poet Ezra Pound and violinist Olga Rudge; Mary lives there to this day. Surrounding the castle is the family's vineyard.
Pound stayed with his daughter and her family at the castle in 1958 after he returned from the United States. It was there that he wrote the last 6 of his 116 "cantos" of The Cantos.
The Ezra Pound Centre for Literature
"The Ezra Pound Centre for Literature" was established at the castle by his daughter, where students come from all over the world to study the poet's works. A large guesthouse on the castle grounds is used as temporary housing for students, usually for a semester at a time.
References
Brunnenburg (1980). In Oswald Trapp (ed.). Tiroler Burgenbuch, vol. II, Burggrafenamt, Bozen, Athesia 1980.
External links
Brunnenburg Castle
The Ezra Pound Center for Literature
Great Adventures at Brunnenburg Castle
Castles in South Tyrol
Museums in South Tyrol
Ezra Pound
13th-century establishments in Italy
Establishments in the Princely County of Tyrol |
```text
Alternative Names
0
PARAM.SFO
/*
Akumajou Dracula Lords Of Shadow 2
*/
#
Debug Menu At Main Menu
0
dron_3
0 001168C4 38A00003
#
God Mode + Magic No Cost (after first hit)
0
dron_3
0 0018FB00 60000000
0 0018FB04 38800001
0 0018FB10 90830024
0 0018FB18 60000000
0 0018FB24 98830022
0 0018FB2C 48000450
0 0018FF84 98830022
0 0018FF8C 48000238
#
Auto Block
0
dron_3
0 0018CD20 60000000
0 0018CD2C 60000000
0 0018CD84 4186006C
#
Infinite Health
0
dron_3
0 001969C0 48000008
#
Infinite Health
dron_3
6 011E235C 00000268
6 00000000 00000118
0 00000000 43480000
#
Infinite Void Power
0
dron_3
0 010E3D74 42C80000
#
Infinite Chaos Power
0
dron_3
0 010E3DA0 42C80000
#
Infinite Shadow Dagger Power
0
dron_3
0 010EE520 42C80000
#
Infinite Bat Swarm
0
dron_3
0 010E4074 42C80000
#
Infinite Myst Form
0
dron_3
0 010EEB00 42C80000
#
Infinite Tears of a Saint
0
dron_3
0 010E4510 00000003
#
Infinite Ensnared Demon
0
dron_3
0 010E4568 00000003
#
Infinite Stolas Clock
0
dron_3
0 010E45C0 00000003
#
Infinite Seal of Alastor
0
dron_3
0 010E453C 00000003
#
Infinite Dodo Eggs
0
dron_3
0 010E469C 00000003
#
Infinite Talisman of the Dragon
0
dron_3
0 010E45EC 00000001
#
Infinite Dungeon Keys
0
dron_3
0 010E46C8 00000009
#
Invincibility
0
GuitarMan
0 00DA76B0 3C60011E
0 00DA76B4 9323165C
0 00DA76B8 63230000
0 00DA76BC 3EC0011E
0 00DA76C0 82D6165C
0 00DA76C4 7F96C840
0 00DA76C8 409E0008
0 00DA76CC 3EE04348
0 00DA76D0 92F90118
0 00DA76D4 4818B092
0 0018B08C 48DA76B2
#
1 Hit Kill
0
GuitarMan
0 00EC971C 2B860063
0 00EC9720 409E0008
0 00EC9724 3C600001
0 00EC9728 90790118
0 00EC972C 480FF3BE
0 000FF3B8 48EC971E
#
Infinite Health Alternative
0
flynhigh09 or ICECOLDKILLAH?
0 00DA76B0 3C80011E
0 00DA76B4 3084165C
0 00DA76B8 80840000
0 00DA76BC 80840268
0 00DA76C0 7C041800
0 00DA76C4 4082000C
0 00DA76C8 C023011C
0 00DA76CC D0230118
0 00DA76D0 4E800020
0 0018A364 48C19574
#
AoB Debug Menu At Main Menu
0
dron_3
B 00010000 04000000
B 38A0000038C0000030639E70 38A0000338C0000030639E70
#
AoB God Mode + Magic No Cost (after first hit)
0
dron_3
B 00010000 04000000
B your_sha256_hash30633C8C886300222C03000040820450 your_sha256_hash30633C8C988300222C03000048000450
B 00010000 04000000
B 3C60010E30633C68886300222C03000040820238 3C60010E30633C68988300222C03000048000238
#
AoB Auto Block
0
dron_3
B 00010000 04000000
B 41820194807F00502C03000141820188 60000000807F00502C03000160000000
B 00010000 04000000
B 2C0300014C4613424182006C 2C0300014C4613424186006C
#
AoB Infinite Health
0
dron_3
B 00010000 04000000
B 4186000848000008FC201090FC400890D04301184800000C 4800000848000008FC201090FC400890D04301184800000C
#
AoB Invincibility
0
GuitarMan
B 00010000 04000000
B your_sha256_hash000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 your_sha256_hash82D6165C7F96C840409E00083EE042C892F901184818B092
B 00010000 04000000
B 4BFFF2F12C0300004082003863230000 4BFFF2F12C0300004082003848DA76B2
#
AoB 1 Hit Kill
0
GuitarMan
B 00010000 04000000
B your_sha256_hash0000000000000000 your_sha256_hash90790118480FF3BE
B 00010000 04000000
B 2C1D000040810608807E05CC2C030000 2C1D00004081060848EC971E2C030000
#
``` |
A threshing machine or a thresher is a piece of farm equipment that separates grain seed from the stalks and husks. It does so by beating the plant to make the seeds fall out. Before such machines were developed, threshing was done by hand with flails: such hand threshing was very laborious and time-consuming, taking about one-quarter of agricultural labour by the 18th century. Mechanization of this process removed a substantial amount of drudgery from farm labour. The first threshing machine was invented circa 1786 by the Scottish engineer Andrew Meikle, and the subsequent adoption of such machines was one of the earlier examples of the mechanization of agriculture. During the 19th century, threshers and mechanical reapers and reaper-binders gradually became widespread and made grain production much less laborious.
Separate reaper-binders and threshers have largely been replaced by machines that combine all of their functions, that is combine harvesters or combines. However, the simpler machines remain important as appropriate technology in low-capital farming contexts, both in developing countries and in developed countries on small farms that strive for especially high levels of self-sufficiency. For example, pedal-powered threshers are a low-cost option, and some Amish sects use horse-drawn binders and old-style threshers.
As the verb thresh is cognate with the verb thrash (and synonymous in the grain-beating sense), the names thrashing machine and thrasher are (less common) alternate forms.
Early social impacts
The Swing Riots in the UK were partly a result of the threshing machine. Following years of war, high taxes and low wages, farm labourers finally revolted in 1830. They had faced unemployment for years, due to the widespread introduction of the threshing machine and the policy of enclosing fields. No longer were thousands of men needed to tend the crops; a few would suffice. With fewer jobs, lower wages and no prospects, the threshing machine was the final straw; it would place them on the brink of starvation. The Swing Rioters smashed threshing machines and threatened farmers who had them. The riots were dealt with very harshly. Nine of the rioters were hanged and a further 450 were transported to Australia.
Later adoption
Early threshing machines were hand-fed and horse-powered. Some were housed in a specially constructed building, a gin gang, which would be attached to a threshing barn. They were small by today's standards and were about the size of an upright piano. Later machines were steam-powered, driven by a portable engine or traction engine. Isaiah Jennings, a skilled inventor, created a small thresher that does not harm the straw in the process. In 1834, John Avery and Hiram Abial Pitts devised significant improvements to a machine that automatically threshes and separates grain from the chaff, freeing farmers from a slow and laborious process. Avery and Pitts were granted United States patent #542 on December 29, 1837.
John Ridley, an Australian inventor, also developed a threshing machine in South Australia in 1843.
The 1881 Household Cyclopedia said of Meikle's machine:
"Since the invention of this machine, Mr. Meikle and others have progressively introduced a variety of improvements, all tending to simplify the labour, and to augment the quantity of the work performed. When first erected, though the grain was equally well separated from the straw, yet as the whole of the straw, chaff, and grain, was indiscriminately thrown into a confused heap, the work could only with propriety be considered as half executed. By the addition of rakes, or shakers, and two pairs of fanners, all driven by the same machinery, the different processes of thrashing, shaking, and winnowing are now all at once performed, and the grain immediately prepared for the public market. When it is added, that the quantity of grain gained from the superior powers of the machine is fully equal to a twentieth part of the crop, and that, in some cases, the expense of thrashing and cleaning the grain is considerably less than what was formerly paid for cleaning it alone, the immense saving arising from the invention will at once be seen."
"The expense of horse labour, from the increased value of the animal and the charge of his keeping, being an object of great importance, it is recommended that, upon all sizable farms, that is to say, where two hundred acres [800,000 mΒ²], or upwards, of grain are sown, the machine should be worked by wind, unless where local circumstances afford the conveniency of water. Where coals are plenty and cheap, steam may be advantageously used for working the machine."
Steam-powered machines used belts connected to a traction engine; often both engine and thresher belonged to a contractor who toured the farms of a district. Steam remained a viable commercial option until the early post-WWII years.
Modern developments
In Europe and Americas
Modern-day combines harvesters (or simply combines) operate on the same principles and use the same components as the original threshing machines built in the 19th century. Combines also perform the reaping operation at the same time. The name combine is derived from the fact that the two steps are combined in a single machine. Also, most modern combines are self-powered (usually by a diesel engine) and self-propelled, although tractor-powered, pull-type combines models were offered by John Deere and Case International into the 1990s.
Today, as in the 19th century, threshing begins with a cylinder and concave. The cylinder has sharp serrated bars, and rotates at high speed (about 500 RPM) so that the bars beat against the entire plant as it is mechanically fed from the reaping equipment at the front of the combine to the gap between the concave and the rotating beater/cylinder. The concave is curved to match the curve of the cylinder, and the grain, now separated from the plant stalks falls immediately through grated openings in the concave as it is beaten. The motion of the rotating cylinder thrusts the remaining straw and chaff toward the rear of the machine.
Whilst the majority of the grain falls through the concave, the straw is carried by a set of "walkers" to the rear of the machine, allowing any grain and chaff still in the straw to fall below. Below the straw walkers, a fan blows a stream of air across the grain, removing dust and small bits of crushed plant material out of the back of the combine. The residues fall to the ground and occasionally are collected for other purposes, such as fodder.
The grain, either coming through the concave or the walkers, meets a set of sieves mounted on an assembly called a shoe, which is shaken mechanically. The top sieve has larger openings and serves to remove large pieces of chaff from the grain. The lower sieve separates clean grain, which falls through, from incompletely threshed pieces. The incompletely threshed grain is returned to the cylinder by means of a system of conveyors, where the process repeats.
Some threshing machines were equipped with a bagger, which invariably held two bags, one being filled, and the other being replaced with an empty. A worker called a sewer removed and replaced the bags, and sewed full bags shut with a needle and thread. Other threshing machines would discharge grain from a conveyor, for bagging by hand. Combines are equipped with a grain tank, which accumulates grain for deposit in a truck or wagon.
A large amount of chaff and straw would accumulate around a threshing machine, and several innovations, such as the air chaffer, were developed to deal with this. Combines generally chop and disperse straw as they move through the field, though the chopping is disabled when the straw is to be baled, and chaff collectors are sometimes used to prevent the dispersal of weed seed throughout a field.
The corn sheller was almost identical in design, with slight modifications to deal with the larger kernel size and presence of cobs. Modern-day combines can be adjusted to work with any grain crop and many unusual seed crops.
Both the older and modern machines require a good deal of effort to operate. The concave clearance, cylinder speed, fan velocity, sieve sizes, and feeding rate must be adjusted for crop conditions.
Another development in Asia
From the early 20th century, petrol or diesel-powered threshing machines, designed especially to thresh rice, the most important crop in Asia, have been developed along different lines to the modern combine.
Even after the combine was invented and became popular, a new compact-size thresher called a harvester, with wheels, still remains in use and at present it is available from a Japanese agricultural manufacturer. The compact-size machine is very convenient to handle in small terrace fields in mountain areas where a large machine, such as a combine, is not usable.
People there use this harvester with a modern compact binder.
Preservation
A number of older threshing machines have survived into preservation. They are often to be seen in operation at live steam festivals and traction engine rallies such as the Great Dorset Steam Fair in England, and the Western Minnesota Steam Threshers Reunion in northwest Minnesota.
Musical references
Irish songwriter John Duggan immortalised the threshing machine in the song "The Old Thrashing Mill". The song has been recorded by Foster and Allen and Brendan Shine.
On the Alan Lomax collection Songs of Seduction (Rounder Select, 2000), there is a bawdy Irish folk song called "The Thrashing Machine" sung by tinker Annie O'Neil, as recorded in the early 20th century.
In his film score for Of Mice and Men (1939) and consequently in his collection Music for the Movies (1942), American composer Aaron Copland titled a section of the score "Threshing Machines," to suit a scene in the Lewis Milestone film where Curley is threatening Slim over giving May a puppy, when many of the itinerant worker men are standing around or working on threshers.
In the song "Thrasher" from the album Rust Never Sleeps, Neil Young compares the modern threshing machine's technique of separating wheat from wheat stalks to the natural forces of time that separate close friends from one another.
Threshing machines appear in Twenty One Pilots' music video for the song "House of Gold".
See also
Living van
Swing riots
Threshing
Rice huller
Russell & Company (Steam Tractor) β American manufacturer of 22,000 threshing machines
References
External links
Threshing Machines: Introduction at the Canada Science and Technology Museum
Model of threshing machine
1784 introductions
18th-century inventions
Agricultural machinery
Articles containing video clips
Harvest
History of agriculture
Scottish inventions |
The Trans-Siberian HarbinβSuifenhe railway, named the Binsui Railway (), is a double-track electrified trunk railway in Northeast China between Harbin and Suifenhe on the Russian border. The line was originally built by Russia as the eastern branch of the Chinese Eastern Railway, which linked Chita with Vladivostok. Today, the railway is administered by Harbin Railway Bureau.
History
Initial construction of the Binsui Railway as a Russian gauge line of the Sino-Russian Chinese Eastern Railway started on 9 June 1898 at the two termini of the line, Harbin in China and Ussuriysk in Russia. The partially built line was destroyed during the Boxer Rebellion between March and July 1900, causing the project to be suspended. Construction resumed in October, and on 14 November 1901 operation on a temporary basis was started. Official opening of the line took place on 14 July 1903.
After the creation of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo in 1932, the CER became a Soviet-Manchukuo joint enterprise, and was renamed the "North Manchuria Railway". In March 1935, the government of Manchukuo purchased the Soviet share of the NMR, and merged it into the Manchukuo National Railway, and on 17 June 1936, work to convert the line, known during that time as the Binsui Line (Hinsui Line in Japanese), from Russian broad gauge to standard gauge was completed. The MNR double tracked the line as far as Yimianpo in 1939, and relaid the line with heavier rail in 1942.
The MNR began construction of the original Ducao Tunnel in July 1937, opening the new, shorter line on 31 July 1942. At , it was China's longest railway tunnel. To expand the capacity of the line, China Railway decided to build a second tunnel, in length, in 1961, but construction was suspended a year later. Work resumed on 1 May 1975, and was completed by the end of 1978. Refurbishment of the original tunnel began in September 1985 and was completed on 21 December 1988.
After the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in 1945, the Soviet Army converted the line back to Russian broad gauge. In 1946, it was converted back to standard gauge once again, and the double tracking was removed; the rails taken up were used to repair other lines. Between 1945 and 1955, the railways in the territory of the former Manchukuo were controlled by the Sino-Soviet China Changchun Railway, after which the railways of the region were taken over by China Railways; the Binsui Line then reverted to its original name, Binsui Railway. The double tracking of the section from Harbin to Mudanjiang was rebuilt by China Railways in 1958. Electrification of the line began in 2010, and the first section, from Mudanjiang to Suifenhe, was completed on 28 December 2015. Wiring of the HarbinβMudanjiang section began in April 2016. Passenger traffic on the line has increased to 2.3 million passengers annually.
Route
References
Railway lines in China
Rail transport in Heilongjiang
Railway lines opened in 1901 |
The Ascension with Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter is a rectangular stiacciato (schiacciato) marble relief sculpture of by Donatello, now in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
Its original commissioner is unknown; it is first recorded in the inventory of the Palazzo Medici in 1492 on the death of Lorenzo the Magnificent, and later in the inventory of the in 1591.
It is an unusual subject, combining the Ascension of Christ and Christ's giving the keys of the kingdom to Saint Peter. It may form part of a series of works for private devotion which the artist produced at that time, but more probably it decorated the original altar in the Cappella Brancacci, or perhaps the base of the Saint Peter niche at Orsanmichele.
References
External links
Marble sculptures in the United Kingdom
1430s sculptures
Sculptures by Donatello
Cultural depictions of Saint Peter
Sculptures in the Victoria and Albert Museum |
Feed the Beast may refer to:
Feed the Beast (Bonded by Blood album), 2008
Feed the Beast (Kim Petras album), 2023
Feed the Beast World Tour, the accompanying tour
Feed the Beast (TV series), 2016
"Feed the beast", a political strategy |
B type or Type B may refer to:
Astronomy
B-type asteroid, a type of relatively uncommon type of carbonaceous asteroid
B-type giant, a type of blue giant star
B-type star, a type of star
Biology
B type blood, a type in the ABO blood group system
B type inclusion, a type of inclusions in cells infected with poxvirus
B-type natriuretic peptide, a type of brain natriuretic peptides
B type proanthocyanidin, a specific type of flavanoids
Type B evaluation of uncertainty, an uncertainty in measurement inferred from scientific judgement or other information concerning the possible values of the quantity
Type B personality, a type in the Type A and Type B personality theory
Others
B-type warbird, a type of Romulan starship
Type B videotape, an open-reel videotape format
Curtiss-built B-type, a type of B class blimp
LGOC B-type, a model of double-decker bus that was introduced in London on 1910
Mann Egerton Type B, a 1910s British maritime patrol aircraft
Toyota Type B engine, an internal combustion engine
Vauxhall B-Type, a large car from 1911 to 1914
Type B ship, a U.S. designation for World War II barges
See also
B class (disambiguation)
Class B (disambiguation) |
Anjireh (, also Romanized as AnjΔ«reh; also known as Anjireh Khafrak and AnjΔ«reh-ye Khafrak) is a village in Rahmat Rural District, Seyyedan District, Marvdasht County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,058, in 244 families.
References
Populated places in Marvdasht County |
An All-American team is an honorary sports team composed of the best amateur players of a specific seasonβwho in turn are given the honorific "All-America" and typically referred to as "All-American athletes", or simply "All-Americans". Although the honorees generally do not compete together as a unit, the term is used in U.S. team sports to refer to players who are selected by members of the national media. Walter Camp selected the first All-America team in the early days of American football in 1889. Chuck Taylor made the first boys' high school basketball All-American selections in 1949. The ESPN RISE boys' high school basketball All-American (2009β2011), formerly EA Sports boys' high school basketball All-American (2005β2008) and Student Sports boys' high school basketball All-American''' (1989β2004), is an annual honorary list that includes twenty first team All-American selections of the best high school basketball players for a given season.
Each season the team is determined by the ESPN HS staff based solely on high school accomplishment, regardless of professional potential. A second team of thirty additional players is also chosen. Additionally, a single person has been recognized as Mr. Basketball USA since 1996.
This is considered to be one of the four current major boys' high school basketball All-American teams along with the Parade All-America and USA Today All-USA high school basketball teams, which are chosen after each season, as well as the preseason Street & Smith All-American team. Student Sports Magazines executive editor Mark Tennis began overseeing All-America selections by the magazine in 1989, with a process that also chooses All-American teams by class (seniors, juniors, sophomores and freshmen). In 2005, EA Sports presented the Student Sports selections.
Lists
2012ESPN HS announced the 2012 All-American team.
First team
G -- Kyle Anderson, St. Anthony (Jersey City, N.J.) 6-8 Sr. β UCLA
G -- Marcus Smart, Marcus (Flower Mound, Texas) 6-4 Sr. β Oklahoma State
F -- Shabazz Muhammad, Bishop Gorman (Las Vegas) 6-6 Sr. β UCLA
F -- Jabari Parker, Simeon (Chicago) 6-8 Jr. β Duke (2013)
C -- Nerlens Noel, Tilton School (Tilton, N.H.; hometown: Everett, MA) 6-11 Sr. β Kentucky
Second team
G -- Marcus Paige, Linn-Mar (Marion, Iowa) 6-1 Sr. β North Carolina
G -- Rasheed Sulaimon, Strake Jesuit (Houston) 6-4 Sr. β Duke
F -- Alex Poythress, Northeast (Clarksville, Tenn.) 6-8 Sr. β Kentucky
F -- Julius Randle, Prestonwood Christian (Plano, Texas) 6-9 Jr. β Kentucky (2013)
C -- Isaiah Austin, Grace Prep (Arlington, Texas) 7-0 Sr. β Baylor
Third team
G -- Tyler Lewis, Oak Hill Academy (Mouth of Wilson, Va.; hometown: Statesville, NC) 5-11 Sr. β NC State
G -- Archie Goodwin, Sylvan Hills (Sherwood, Ark.) 6-5 Sr. β Kentucky
F -- Aaron Gordon, Archbishop Mitty (San Jose, Calif.) 6-8 Jr. β Arizona (2013)
F -- Perry Ellis, Wichita Heights (Wichita, Kan.) 6-8 Sr. β Kansas
C -- Tony Parker, Miller Grove (Lithonia, Ga.) 6-9 Sr. β UCLA
Fourth team
G -- Kris Dunn, New London (New London, Conn.) 6-3 Sr. β Providence
G -- Katin Reinhardt, Mater Dei (Santa Ana, Calif.) 6-5 Sr. β UNLV
F -- Sam Dekker, Sheboygan Lutheran (Sheboygan, Wis.) 6-7 Sr. β Wisconsin
F -- Winston Shepard, Findlay Prep (Henderson, Nev.; hometown: Sugar Land, TX) 6-8 Sr. β San Diego State
F -- Amile Jefferson, Friends' Central (Wynnewood, Pa.) 6-8 Sr. β Duke
2011ESPN HS announced the 2011 All-American team.
G -- Bradley Beal, Chaminade (St. Louis, Mo.) 6-5 Sr. β Florida
G -- Quinn Cook, Oak Hill Academy (Mouth of Wilson, Va.; hometown: Washington, D.C.) 6-0 Sr. β Duke
F -- Anthony Davis, Perspectives Charter (Chicago, Ill.) 6-10 Sr. β Kentucky
F -- Perry Ellis, Wichita Heights (Wichita, Kan.) 6-8 Jr. β Kansas (2012)
F -- Dorian Finney-Smith, Norcom (Portsmouth, Va.) 6-7 Sr. β Virginia Tech (transferred to Florida after 2011β12 season)
F -- Mike Gilchrist, St. Patrick (Elizabeth, N.J.) 6-8 Sr. β Kentucky
G -- Tyrone Johnson, Montrose Christian (Rockville, Md.) 6-2 Sr. β Villanova (transferred to South Carolina after 2012 fall term)
G -- Myck Kabongo, Findlay Prep (Henderson, Nev.; hometown: Toronto) 6-2 Sr. β Texas
G -- Trevor Lacey, Butler (Huntsville, Ala.) 6-3 Sr. β Alabama
G -- Myles Mack, St. Anthony (Jersey City, N.J.) 5-8 Sr. β Rutgers
F -- Shabazz Muhammad, Bishop Gorman (Las Vegas, Nev.) 6-6 Jr. β UCLA
F -- James McAdoo, Norfolk Christian (Norfolk, Va.) 6-9 Sr. β North Carolina
F -- Le'Bryan Nash, Lincoln (Dallas, Texas) 6-7 Sr. β Oklahoma State
C -- Tony Parker, Miller Grove (Lithonia, Ga.) 6-9 Jr. β UCLA (2012)
G -- Austin Rivers, Winter Park (Winter Park, Fla.) 6-4 Sr. β Duke
G -- Shannon Scott, Milton (Milton, Ga.) 6-1 Sr. β Ohio State
G -- Marquis Teague, Pike (Indianapolis, Ind.) 6-2 Sr. β Kentucky
F -- Kyle Wiltjer, Jesuit (Portland, Ore.) 6-9 Sr. β Kentucky (transferred to Gonzaga after 2012β13 season)
G -- B. J. Young, McCluer North (Florissant, Mo.) Sr. β Arkansas
C -- Cody Zeller, Washington (Washington, Ind.) 6-10 Sr. β Indiana
2010ESPN HS announced the 2010 All-American team.
Harrison Barnes, Ames (Ames, Iowa) 6-7 Sr. F North Carolina
Reggie Bullock, Kinston (Kinston, N.C.) 6-7 Sr. G North Carolina
Michael Gilchrist, St. Patrick (Elizabeth, N.J.) 6-7 Jr. F Kentucky
Tobias Harris, Half Hollow Hills West (Dix Hills, N.Y.) 6-8 Sr. F Tennessee
Ryan Harrow, Walton (Marietta, Ga.) 6-0 Sr. G NC State (transferred to Kentucky after 2010β11 season; transferred to Georgia State after 2012β13 season)
Kyrie Irving, St. Patrick (Elizabeth, N.J.) 6-2 Sr. G Duke
Joe Jackson, White Station (Memphis, Tenn.) 6-0 Sr. G Memphis
Terrence Jones, Jefferson (Portland, Ore.) 6-8 Sr. F Kentucky
Cory Joseph, Findlay Prep (Henderson, Nev.; hometown: Pickering, Ontario) 6-3 Sr. G Texas
Brandon Knight, Pine Crest (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.) 6-3 Sr. G Kentucky
Doron Lamb, Oak Hill Academy (Mouth of Wilson, Va.; hometown: Queens) 6-4 Sr. G Kentucky
C. J. Leslie, Word of God Academy (Raleigh, N.C.) 6-9 Sr. F NC State
Austin Rivers, Winter Park (Winter Park, Fla.) 6-3 Jr. G Duke
Josh Selby, Lake Clifton (Baltimore, Md.) 6-3 Sr. G Kansas
Jared Sullinger, Northland (Columbus, Ohio) 6-9 Sr. C Ohio State
Deshaun Thomas, Bishop Luers (Fort Wayne, Ind.) 6-7 Sr. F Ohio State
Tristan Thompson, Findlay Prep (Henderson, Nev.; hometown: Brampton, Ontario) 6-9 Sr. F Texas
Marcus Thornton, Westlake (Atlanta, Ga.) 6-7 Sr. F Georgia
Joseph Young, Yates (Houston, Texas) 6-2 Sr. G Providence
Patric Young, Providence (Jacksonville, Fla.) 6-9 Sr. F Florida
2009ESPN HS'' announced the 2009 All-American team.
Avery Bradley, Jr., Findlay Prep (Henderson, NV; hometown: Tacoma, WA), 6-3 Sr β Texas
Kenny Boynton, American Heritage (Plantation, FL), 6-3 Sr. β Florida
DeMarcus Cousins, LeFlore (Mobile, AL), 6-10 Sr. β Kentucky
Derrick Favors, South Atlanta (Atlanta), 6-9 Sr. β Georgia Tech
Abdul Gaddy, Bellarmine Prep (Tacoma, WA) 6-3 Sr. β Washington
Keith "Tiny" Gallon Oak Hill Academy (Mouth of Wilson, VA; hometown: Vallejo, CA), 6-8 Sr. β Oklahoma
Michael Gilchrist, St. Patrick (Elizabeth, N.J.), 6-7 So. β Kentucky (2011)
Xavier Henry, Putnam City (Oklahoma City), 6-6 Sr. β Kansas
John Henson, Sickles (Tampa, FL), 6-10 Sr. β North Carolina
Wally Judge, Arlington Country Day (Jacksonville, FL), 6-8 Sr. β Kansas State (transferred to Rutgers after 2010β11 season)
Ryan Kelly, Ravenscroft School (Raleigh, NC), 6-10 Sr. β Duke
Brandon Knight, Pine Crest (Fort Lauderdale, FL), 6-3 Jr. β Kentucky (2010)
Mason Plumlee, Christ School (Arden, NC), 6-10 Sr. β Duke
Austin Rivers, Winter Park (FL), 6-4 So. β Duke (2011)
Renardo Sidney, Jr. Fairfax (Los Angeles), 6-9 Sr. β Mississippi State
Josh Smith, Kentwood (Covington, WA), 6-9 Jr. β UCLA (2010) (transferred to Georgetown after 2012 fall term)
Lance Stephenson, Lincoln (Brooklyn), 6-5 Sr. β Cincinnati
Jared Sullinger, Northland (Columbus, OH), 6-8 Jr β Ohio State (2010)
Dante Taylor, National Christian (Fort Washington, MD), 6-9 Sr β Pittsburgh
Tony Wroten, Jr., Garfield (Seattle), 6-5 So. β Washington (2011)
2008
Rivals.com announced the 2008 All-American team.
Al-Farouq Aminu (Norcross, GA) 6-8, Sr., Forward β Wake Forest
Luke Babbitt (Galena, Reno, NV) 6-8, Sr., Forward β Nevada
William Buford (Libbey, Toledo, OH) 6-5, Sr., Guard β Ohio State
Ed Davis (Benedictine, Richmond, VA) 6-8, Sr., Forward β North Carolina
DeMar DeRozan (Compton, CA) 6-6, Sr., Forward β USC
Tyreke Evans (American Christian, Aston, PA) 6-5, Sr., Guard β Memphis
Derrick Favors (South Atlanta, GA) 6-9, Jr., Center β Georgia Tech (2009)
Draymond Green (Saginaw, MI) 6-7, Sr., Forward β Michigan State
JaMychal Green (St. Jude, Montgomery, AL) 6-9, Sr., Forward β Alabama
Jrue Holiday (Campbell Hall, N. Hollywood, CA) 6-3, Sr., Guard β UCLA
Brandon Jennings (Oak Hill, Mouth of Wilson, VA; hometown: Compton, CA) 6-1, Sr., Guard β did not attend college; played professionally in Italy immediately after graduation
Greg Monroe (Helen Cox, Harvey, LA) 6-10, Sr., Forward β Georgetown
B.J. Mullens (Canal Winchester, OH) 7-1, Sr., Center β Ohio State
Mike Rosario (St. Anthony's, Jersey City, NJ) 6-2, Sr., Guard β Rutgers (transferred to Florida after 2009β10 season)
Samardo Samuels (St. Benedict's, Newark, NJ; hometown: Trelawny Parish, Jamaica) 6-9, Sr., Forward β Louisville
Lance Stephenson (Lincoln, Brooklyn, NY) 6-5, Jr., Guard β Cincinnati (2009)
Kemba Walker (Rice, New York, NY.) 6-0, Sr., Guard β Connecticut
Willie Warren (North Crowley, Fort Worth, TX) 6-3, Sr., Guard β Oklahoma
Elliot Williams (St. George's, Collierville, TN) 6-4, Sr., Guard β Duke
Tyler Zeller (Washington, IN) 7-0, Sr., Center β North Carolina
2007
Rivals.com announced the 2007 All-American team.
Jerryd Bayless (St. Mary's, Phoenix, AZ) 6-3, Sr., Guard β Arizona
Nick Calathes (Lake Howell, Winter Park, FL) 6-5, Sr., Guard β Florida
Jon Diebler (Upper Sandusky, OH) 6-7, Sr., Forward β Ohio State
Corey Fisher (St. Patrick's, Elizabeth, NJ) 6-1, Sr., Guard β Villanova
Jonny Flynn (Niagara Falls, NY) 6-0, Sr., Guard β Syracuse
Austin Freeman (DeMatha, Hyattsville, MD) 6-5, Sr., Forward β Georgetown
Eric Gordon (North Central, Indianapolis, IN) 6-5, Sr., Guard β Indiana
Blake Griffin (OK Christian, Edmond, OK) 6-8, Sr., Forward β Oklahoma
James Harden (Artesia, Lakewood, CA) 6-5, Sr., Guard β Arizona State
James Hickson (Wheeler, Marietta, GA) 6-9, Sr., Forward β NC State
Taylor King (Mater Dei, Santa Ana, CA) 6-8, Sr., Forward β Villanova
Gani Lawal (Norcross, GA) 6-9, Sr., Forward β Georgia Tech
Kevin Love (Lake Oswego, OR) 6-10, Sr., Forward β UCLA
O. J. Mayo (Huntington, WV) 6-5, Sr., Guard β USC
Patrick Patterson (Huntington, WV) 6-8, Sr., Center β Kentucky
Derrick Rose (Simeon, Chicago, IL) 6-4, Sr., Guard β Memphis
Kyle Singler (South Medford, Medford, OR) 6-9, Sr., Forward β Duke
Nolan Smith (Oak Hill Academy, VA; hometown: Washington, DC) 6-2, Sr., Guard β Duke
Corey Stokes (St. Benedict's, Newark, NJ) 6-6, Sr., Forward β Villanova
Chris Wright (St. John's, Washington, DC) 6-1, Sr., Guard β Georgetown
2006
Rivals.com announced the 2006 All-American team.
Darrell Arthur (South Oak Cliff, Dallas, TX) 6-9, Sr., Forward β Kansas
Michael Beasley (Oak Hill Academy, Mouth of Wilson, VA; hometown: Washington, DC) 6-9, Jr., Forward β Kansas State (2007)
Chase Budinger (La Costa Canyon, Carlsbad, CA) 6-7, Sr., Forward β Arizona
Demond Carter (Reserve Christian, LaPlace, LA) 5-10, Sr., Guard β Baylor
Daequan Cook (Dunbar, Dayton, OH) 6-5, Sr., Guard β Ohio State
Mike Conley, Jr. (Lawrence North, Indianapolis, IN) 6-1, Sr., Guard β Ohio State
Kevin Durant (Montrose Christian, Rockville, MD) 6-9, Sr., Forward β Texas
Wayne Ellington (Episcopal Academy, Merion Station, PA) 6-5, Sr., Guard
Spencer Hawes (Seattle Prep, Seattle, WA) 7-0, Sr., Center β Washington
Gerald Henderson (Episcopal Academy, Merion Station, PA) 6-5, Sr., Forward β Duke
Tywon Lawson (Oak Hill Academy, Mouth of Wilson, VA; hometown: Clinton, MD) 6-0, Sr., Guard β North Carolina
Kevin Love (Lake Oswego, OR) 6-10, Jr., Forward β UCLA (2007)
O. J. Mayo (North College Hill, Cincinnati, OH) 6-5, Jr., Guard β USC (2007)
Vernon Macklin (Hargrave Military Academy, Chatham, VA; hometown: Portsmouth, VA) 6-9, Sr., Center β Florida
Greg Oden (Lawrence North, Indianapolis, IN) 7-0, Sr., Center β Ohio State
Scottie Reynolds (Herndon, VA) 6-1, Sr., Guard β Villanova
Jon Scheyer (Glenbrook North, Northbrook, IL) 6-6, Sr., Guard β Duke
Alex Stepheson (Harvard-Westlake, North Hollywood, CA) 6-10, Sr., Center β USC
Bill Walker (North College Hill, Cincinnati, OH) 6-6, Jr., Forward β Kansas State (2007)
Brandan Wright (Brentwood Academy, Brentwood, TN) 6-9, Sr., Forward β North Carolina
Thaddeus Young (Mitchell, Memphis, TN) 6-8, Sr., Forward β Georgia Tech
2005
Rivals.com announced the 2005 All-American team.
Jon Brockman (Snohomish, WA) 6-8 Sr. Forward
Mario Chalmers (Bartlett, Anchorage, AK) 6-2 Sr. Guard
Kevin Durant (Oak Hill Academy, Mouth of Wilson, VA; hometown: Washington, DC) 6-9 Jr. Forward
Monta Ellis (Lanier, Jackson, MS) 6-3 Sr. Guard
Bobby Frasor (Brother Rice, Chicago, IL) 6-3 Sr. Guard
Jamont Gordon (Oak Hill Academy, Mouth of Wilson, VA; hometown: Nashville, TN) 6-4 Sr. Guard
Danny Green (St. Mary's, Manhasset, NY) 6-6 Sr. Guard
Tyler Hansbrough (Poplar Bluff, MO) 6-9 Sr. Forward
Richard Hendrix (Athens, AL) 6-8 Sr. Forward
Amir Johnson (Westchester, Los Angeles, CA) 6-10 Sr. Center
O. J. Mayo (North College Hill, Cincinnati, OH) 6-5 Soph. Guard
Josh McRoberts (Carmel, IN) 6-10 Sr. Forward
C. J. Miles (Skyline, Dallas, TX) 6-6 Sr. Forward
Tasmin Mitchell (Denham Springs, LA) 6-7 Sr. Forward
Greg Oden (Lawrence North, Indianapolis, IN) 7-0 Jr. Center
Greg Paulus (Christian Brothers Academy, Syracuse, NY) 6-2 Sr. Guard
Martell Webster (Seattle Prep, Seattle, WA) 6-7 Sr. Forward
Louis Williams (South Gwinnett, Snellville, GA) 6-2 Sr. Guard
Brandan Wright (Brentwood Academy, Brentwood, TN) 6-9 Jr. Center
Julian Wright (Homewood-Flossmoor, Flossmoor, IL_ 6-8 Sr. Forward
Notes
External links
2009 team
2008 team
2007 team
2006 team
2005 team
American basketball trophies and awards
High school basketball in the United States
ESPN |
Ingram Woods is a 3.7-acre forest preserve in the Westerleigh neighborhood of Staten Island, New York, bound by Warwick Avenue, Purdy Avenue, Ingram Avenue, and Gannon Avenue North. The streets around Ingram Woods Park were laid out in 1907 by the firm of Wood, Harmon & Co. for the planned community of South New York. The properties were offered at the bargain price of $190, but because of the neighborhood's isolated location, only a few homes were built by the time that the City began laying out the Staten Island Expressway.
The property was acquired by the city in 1957 as part of constructing the Expressway. Along the highway's path, four other parks were designated along with Ingram Woods: Bradys Pond Park, Sports Park, Father Macris Park, and Westwood Park. The park contains a lush forest planted with pin oaks, sweetgum, and sugar maple trees.
References
External links
Parks in Staten Island |
Streetcore is the third and final studio album by Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros. The album was completed after the death of frontman Joe Strummer, primarily by Martin Slattery and Scott Shields, and released on 21 October 2003. The album marks the band's transition from their previous genre-bending work to a more straightforward rock album, reminiscent of Strummer's early work with the Clash. The album received a positive critical reception and is generally seen as a return to form and a high point for Strummer to have gone out on.
A remastered version of the album along with Strummer's other two Hellcat released albums was released as a special 57 song digital download titled Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros: The Hellcat Years on 21 August 2012 to celebrate what would have been Strummer's 60th birthday. Hellcat also released each remastered album individually on CD and vinyl on 25 September 2012.
Song information
Due to Strummer's death, many of the vocal performances are first takes. "Midnight Jam" is completely without lyrics β instead, samplings of Joe's BBC Radio show Joe Strummer's London Calling are intermixed with the music. Other tracks, such as a cover of Bob Marley's "Redemption Song" and "Long Shadow", were recorded with famed producer Rick Rubin, and it is unclear whether or not these tracks were originally intended to be on this album. Another notable track is "Long Shadow", which was originally written by Strummer for Johnny Cash. Rubin would however get Strummer and Cash, who died a year after Strummer, together in the studio as the two recorded a version of "Redemption Song" that was featured on Cash's posthumously released Unearthed box set.
Music videos were released for the album's two singles, "Coma Girl" and "Redemption Song". The video for "Redemption Song", which was directed by Josh Cheuse, who designed the cover art for Strummer's 1989 album Earthquake Weather and who also appears in the video, is a tribute to Strummer's life and legacy. Filmed in November 2003 in Manhattan in the East Village, the video opens with a clip of Strummer talking from The Clash documentary Westway to the World, with the focus of the video being a mural of Strummer that was painted by graffiti artists Zephyr and Dr. Revolt outside Niagra, a bar owned by musician Jesse Malin. The video also features many New Yorkers, along with some of Strummer's closest famous friends including Malin, Matt Dillon, Steve Buscemi, Jim Jarmusch, Tim Armstrong, Lars Fredriksen, Matt Freeman, Cara Seymour, Sara Driver and CinquΓ© Lee as they watch the mural being painted. Stock footage and photos of Strummer from his tenure with The Clash and Mescaleros is also featured.
Reception
Critical
The album received a positive critical reception and is generally seen as a return to form for Joe Strummer that sees him going out on a high point. AllMusic wrote "Like Muddy Waters, whose final albums were among the best in his catalog, Streetcore... sends Strummer into rock & roll heaven a roaring, laughing, snarling lion", calling the album "truly the finest, most cohesive work he did after London Calling." Mojo wrote "Streetcore is an amalgam of all that made Joe Strummer, the musician and the man, so great."
Impact
Strummer's cover of "Redemption Song" was featured as outro music for the Red Hot Chili Peppers during their historic show at Slane Castle and can be heard on their 2003 live DVD, Live at Slane Castle.
The song "Coma Girl" was performed as the opening track at Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band's performance at the Glastonbury Festival on 27 June 2009. "Coma Girl" was also covered by The Loved Ones on their EP Distractions.
"Arms Aloft" has been covered by American rock band Pearl Jam and a live recording is featured on their 2011 live album, Live on Ten Legs.
"Ramshackle Day Parade", the fifth song of the album, was featured on the acclaimed movie The Diving Bell and the Butterfly.
Track listing
Personnel
The Mescaleros
Joe Strummer β Vocals (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10), Telecaster (1), Guitar (3,6), Vocal Samples (9)
Martin Slattery β Organ (1,2), Guitar (1,4), Backing Vocals (1,5,8), Synthesizer (2,4,5), Tenor Saxophone (2), Electric Guitar (5,8), Drums (5), Percussion (5), Chamberlain Strings (8,9), Tambourine (8,9), Piano (9), Mellotron (9), Wurlitzer (10)
Scott Shields β Guitar (1,2,4), Percussion (1,2,5), Backing Vocals (1,2,4,5,8), Drums (2,5,8,9), Small Kit (4), Electric Guitar (5), Acoustic Guitar (5,8,10), Bass (8,9,10), Slide Guitar (8,10), Synthesizer (8), Cowbell (9), Harmonica (10)
Simon Stafford - Bass (2,4,5), Cornet (2), Trombone (5), Backing Vocals (5), Guitar (9), Cello (9)
Luke Bullen β Drums (1,2,4,5), Loops (5), Congas (9)
Tymon Dogg β Violin (10)
Guest musicians
Josh Freese β Drums (7)
Smokey Hormel β Guitar (3,6), Backing Vocals (3)
Rick Rubin β Piano (6)
Peter Stewart β Backing Vocals (1,8)
Benmont Tench β Harmonium (6)
Danny Saber - Musician (7)
Production
Joe Strummer β photography, artwork
Martin Slattery β programming, production, engineering, mixing
Scott Shields β programming, production, engineering, mixing
Rick Rubin β production, mixing
Danny Saber β production, mixing
Cameron Craig β programming, mixing, engineering
Tim Bran β programming
Richard Flack β programming
Roger Lian β digital editing
Greg Fidelman β editing
Howie Weinberg β mastering
David Ferguson β engineering, mixing
Niv Adiri β engineering
Thom Russo β engineering
Lindsay Chase β production co-ordination
Lucinda Mellor β project co-ordination
Paula Woolfe β project co-ordination
Art Dog β artwork
Josh Cheuse β photography
Jill Furmanovsky β photography
Colin Glen β photography
References
External links
2003 albums
Joe Strummer albums
Epitaph Records albums
Albums published posthumously
Albums produced by Rick Rubin |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 33, adopted on August 27, 1947, accepted some and rejected some of the recommendations of the General Assembly about changing the wording of the rules of procedure for the Council.
The resolution passed with ten votes to none; Australia abstained.
See also
List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1 to 100 (1946β1953)
References
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
External links
0033
0033
August 1947 events |
```objective-c
//
// AbstractPasswordDatabase.h
// Strongbox
//
// Created by Mark on 07/11/2017.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Node.h"
#import "CompositeKeyFactors.h"
#import "DatabaseModel.h"
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
typedef void (^OpenCompletionBlock)(BOOL userCancelled, DatabaseModel*_Nullable database, NSError*_Nullable innerStreamError, NSError*_Nullable error);
typedef void (^SaveCompletionBlock)(BOOL userCancelled, NSString*_Nullable debugXml, NSError*_Nullable error);
@protocol AbstractDatabaseFormatAdaptor <NSObject>
+ (BOOL)isValidDatabase:(nullable NSData *)prefix error:(NSError**)error;
+ (void)read:(NSInputStream*)stream
ckf:(CompositeKeyFactors*)ckf
completion:(OpenCompletionBlock)completion;
+ (void)read:(NSInputStream*)stream
ckf:(CompositeKeyFactors*)ckf
xmlDumpStream:(NSOutputStream*_Nullable)xmlDumpStream
sanityCheckInnerStream:(BOOL)sanityCheckInnerStream
completion:(OpenCompletionBlock)completion;
+ (void)save:(DatabaseModel*)database
outputStream:(NSOutputStream*)outputStream
params:(id _Nullable)params
completion:(SaveCompletionBlock)completion;
@property (nonatomic, class, readonly) DatabaseFormat format;
@property (nonatomic, class, readonly) NSString* fileExtension;
@end
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END
``` |
Andranonahoatra is a rural commune in Analamanga Region, in the Central Highlands of Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Antananarivo-Atsimondrano and its populations numbers to 46,164 in 2018.
References
Populated places in Analamanga |
Luz Violeta is the stage name of SebastiΓ‘n Aguirre, a Chilean drag performer and singer, best known for winning the first season of The Switch Drag Race.
Early life
Aguirre is a rape survivor, having been subjected to the traumatic event at a young age.
On The Switch Drag Race, he revealed that at an early age, his father did not accept his sexuality. However, after seeing him on the show and realizing that drag was a valid career, he became more accepting.
Career
Luz Violeta was among the cast of 17 drag queens to compete on the first season of The Switch Drag Race. After four months of competing, she was announced as the winner. She returned to compete in the second season, where she made the decision to leave the competition. In addition to The Switch Drag Race, they have competed in other competition shows, including La Divina Comida and Chilean Talent.
Personal life
Aguirre currently lives in Santiago, Chile. He is a part of a campaign against gender violence with UN Women. In 2016, he survived a stabbing attack.
Aguirre identifies as gay, but has dated women in the past and expressed a willingness to do so again in the future. He maintains an active social media presence on Instagram at @LuzVioletaDrag.
Filmography
Television
See also
LGBT in Chile
References
External links
Living people
Chilean television personalities
Gay entertainers
Chilean gay men
Singers from Santiago
Chilean drag queens
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Chilean LGBT people
The Switch Drag Race winners |
Taniva is a monotypic moth genus belonging to the family Tortricidae erected by Carl Heinrich in 1926. Its only species, Taniva albolineana, the spruce needleminer moth, was first described by William D. Kearfott in 1907.
Distribution
It is found in the northern United States and Canada.
Description
The wingspan is about 12Β mm.
Biology
The larvae feed on various spruce tree species. They only feed on dead needles. They are green with a dark brown head. The species overwinters in the larval stage in constructed nests made up of live and dead spruce needles. Pupation occurs from late May to early June in a green pupa in a grey cocoon.
Adults are on wing from mid-June to early July in one generation per year.
Gallery
See also
List of Tortricidae genera
References
External links
Tortricid.net
Endotheniini
Moths of North America
Monotypic moth genera
Tortricidae genera |
The San Jose de Trozo Parish Church is a Roman Catholic church in Santa Cruz, Manila founded in 1933. The current parish priest is Peterson O. Tieng. The church is under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila.
Vicariate of JosΓ© de Trozo
The church is under the jurisdiction of the Archdiocese of Manila under the vicariate forane of San JosΓ© de Trozo. Aside from the parish church, the vicariate covers the following churches:
San Sebastian Church, Manila
Quiapo Church
Santa Cruz Church, Manila
National Shrine of Saint Jude Thaddeus
San Miguel Church, Manila
References
Roman Catholic churches in Manila
Buildings and structures in Santa Cruz, Manila |
Jud is a ghost town in extreme western Haskell County, Texas, United States. It lies on FM 617, west of Rochester. The Double Mountain Fork and Salt Fork Brazos River merge approximately west of present-day Jud to form the Brazos River.
History
Jud is a farming community. Each summer, a music festival named JUD FEST takes place with performances by local and regional Texas country artists and a meat cookoff.
See also
Rath City, Texas, another ghost town on the Double Mountain Fork of the Brazos
Double Mountains (Texas)
Brazos River
Double Mountain Fork Brazos River
Rochester, Texas
References
External links
Jud Fest website
Ghost towns in North Texas
Geography of Haskell County, Texas |
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a wheel graph is a graph formed by connecting a single universal vertex to all vertices of a cycle. A wheel graph with vertices can also be defined as the 1-skeleton of an pyramid. Some authors write to denote a wheel graph with vertices (); other authors instead use to denote a wheel graph with vertices (), which is formed by connecting a single vertex to all vertices of a cycle of length . The rest of this article uses the former notation.
Set-builder construction
Given a vertex set of {1, 2, 3, β¦, v}, the edge set of the wheel graph can be represented in set-builder notation by {{1, 2}, {1, 3}, β¦, {1, v}, {2, 3}, {3, 4}, β¦, {v β 1, v}, {v, 2}}.
Properties
Wheel graphs are planar graphs, and have a unique planar embedding. More specifically, every wheel graph is a Halin graph. They are self-dual: the planar dual of any wheel graph is an isomorphic graph. Every maximal planar graph, other than K4 = W4, contains as a subgraph either W5 or W6.
There is always a Hamiltonian cycle in the wheel graph and there are cycles in Wn .
For odd values of n, Wn is a perfect graph with chromatic number 3: the vertices of the cycle can be given two colors, and the center vertex given a third color. For even n, Wn has chromatic number 4, and (when n β₯ 6) is not perfect. W7 is the only wheel graph that is a unit distance graph in the Euclidean plane.
The chromatic polynomial of the wheel graph Wn is :
In matroid theory, two particularly important special classes of matroids are the wheel matroids and the whirl matroids, both derived from wheel graphs. The k-wheel matroid is the graphic matroid of a wheel Wk+1, while the k-whirl matroid is derived from the k-wheel by considering the outer cycle of the wheel, as well as all of its spanning trees, to be independent.
The wheel W6 supplied a counterexample to a conjecture of Paul ErdΕs on Ramsey theory: he had conjectured that the complete graph has the smallest Ramsey number among all graphs with the same chromatic number, but Faudree and McKay (1993) showed W6 has Ramsey number 17 while the complete graph with the same chromatic number, K4, has Ramsey number 18. That is, for every 17-vertex graph G, either G or its complement contains W6 as a subgraph, while neither the 17-vertex Paley graph nor its complement contains a copy of K4.
References
Parametric families of graphs
Planar graphs |
Kakanwada is a village, in Sangrampur tehsil of Buldhana district of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
Geography
Kakanwada consists of two census villages Kakanwada Bk and Kanawada Kh. It is split by Vaan River. It is located on MH State Highway 195 connecting Jalgaon Jamod - Sangrampur - - Warwat Bakal on east side and on west side Malegaon Bazar - Telhara - Warula on MH SH 24.
Nearby villages include Tamgaon, Bodkha, Wakana, Ladnapur, Tunki, Sagoda, Palsoda, Dhamangaon, Palsi Zasi, Kolad, Bawanbir, Wadgaon Pr Adgaon, Kolad, Pimpri Adgaon, Niwana, Banoda Eklara, Jamod, Durgadatiya, Wankhed, Danapur, Hingani Bk, Raikhed, Belkhed, Gadegaon, Tudgaon, Isapur and Malegaon Bazar.
Nearby towns are Sonala, Akot, Sangrampur, Jalgaon Jamod, Telhara and Shegaon.
Demographics
India census, Kakanwada Br and Kakanwada Kh had a population of 1462 and 1010, respectively.
References
Villages in Buldhana district |
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