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Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945) was the president of the United States from 1933 to 1945.
Franklin Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt or Franklin Delano Roosevelt may also refer to:
Things named after the president
, an aircraft carrier
Franklin D. Roosevelt State Park, Yorktown, New York
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Park, South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Parque Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Ciudad de la Costa, near Montevideo, Uruguay
Franklin Delano Roosevelt Bridge, connecting Maine and New Brunswick
Avenue Franklin Roosevelt, Brussels
Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, Washington state
Franklin D. Roosevelt (Paris Métro), a Métro station
Franklin D. Roosevelt High School (Dallas), Texas
Franklin Delano Roosevelt High School (New York City), Brooklyn, New York
Franklin Delano Roosevelt High School (Hyde Park, New York)
Relatives of the president
Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. (1914–1988), American politician, fifth child of Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt III (born 1938), American economist, grandson of Franklin D. Roosevelt
Roosevelt, Franklin |
Sir Goronwy Hopkin Daniel KCVO (21 March 1914 – 17 January 2003) was a Welsh academic and civil servant.
Born at Ystradgynlais, Brecknockshire, Wales, Daniel was educated at Pontardawe Grammar School, Amman Valley County School and University of Wales, Aberystwyth, where he gained a first-class degree. He obtained a D.Phil. from Jesus College, Oxford. In 1940 he married Valerie, daughter of Richard Lloyd George. They had one son and two daughters.
He joined the civil service in 1943, rising to Chief Statistician in the Ministry of Fuel and Power and eventually to Permanent Under-Secretary at the Welsh Office when it was set up in 1964.
In 1969 he returned to Aberystwyth to become Principal of the University College of Wales, and was knighted the same year. He held the post for ten years. In 1977 he was appointed a Lieutenant of Dyfed. In 1982 he was appointed Chairman of the Welsh Fourth Channel Authority, having been one of the prime movers in its creation.
Offices held
References
Obituary
1914 births
2003 deaths
Welsh scholars and academics
Permanent Under-Secretaries of State for Wales
Civil servants in the Ministry of Power
Members of HM Government Statistical Service
Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Alumni of Aberystwyth University
Vice-Chancellors of Aberystwyth University |
Thomas Iddo Jenkinson (1877–1949) was an English professional footballer who played as a winger.
References
1877 births
1949 deaths
Footballers from Sheffield
English men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
Heeley F.C. players
Gainsborough Trinity F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
English Football League players |
Hamer is an unincorporated community in Williams County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.
History
The community likely bears the name of Thomas L. Hamer, a United States Democratic congressman and soldier in the Mexican–American War. With the construction of the railroad, business activity shifted to nearby Alvordton, and the town's population dwindled.
References
Unincorporated communities in Williams County, Ohio
Unincorporated communities in Ohio |
Shah Jahangir Kabir (1935-9 June 2013) is a Awami League politician and the former Member of Parliament of Rangpur-21.
Career
Kabir was elected to parliament from Rangpur-21 as an Awami League candidate in 1973.
Death
Kabir died on 9 June 2013 at Rangpur Medical College.
References
Awami League politicians
1935 births
2013 deaths
1st Jatiya Sangsad members |
Laced/Unlaced is a two-disc instrumental album by Emilie Autumn, released in 2007 by Trisol Music Group. Disc one, "Laced", is a re-release of On a Day..., Autumn's fledgling record, with the addition of several previously unreleased live recordings from her teenage years. Disc two, "Unlaced", contains all electric violin recordings. A limited-edition CD + book set was released on March 9, 2007 with just 2000 copies being printed worldwide, and the jewel case album was re-released on June 15.
Track listing
References
2007 albums
Emilie Autumn albums
Concept albums |
Diane Erpelding (born 14 March 1982) is a Luxembourgian dressage rider. Representing Luxembourg, she competed at the 2014 World Equestrian Games and at two European Dressage Championships (in 2013 and 2015).
Her current best championship result is 14th place in team dressage at the 2013 European Championships in Herning while her current best individual result 54th place at the 2015 Europeans in Aachen.
References
Living people
1982 births
Luxembourgian female equestrians
Luxembourgian dressage riders |
Megachile huascari is a species of bee in the family Megachilidae. It was described by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell in 1912.
References
Huascari
Insects described in 1912 |
Zhou Ming (born 7 January 1970) is a retired Chinese athlete who specialised in the long jump. He represented his country at the 1993 World Indoor Championships in Toronto finishing seventh.
His personal bests in the event are 8.12 metres outdoors (Changsha 1992) and 7.88 metres indoors (Toronto 1993).
Competition record
References
1970 births
Living people
Chinese male long jumpers
20th-century Chinese people |
Sookmyung Women's University () is a private women's research university in Yongsan-gu, Seoul, South Korea. Founded in 1906, Sookmyung is Korea’s first royal private educational institution for women. Sookmyung is one of the world's largest female educational institutes and one of the most prestigious universities in South Korea. The university's name is derived from the Hanja characters of sook and Myung, which mean "elegant" and "bright" respectively. With its more than a century-long legacy and history, Sookmyung is renowned as one of the best women's universities nationwide. According to JoongAng Daily's 2018 university rankings, it has been ranked as the second-best women's university in Korea and is ranked nr. 20 on South Korea's list of best universities.
Sookmyung Women's University has distinguished alumni in media, journalism, politics, governments, and academia. It has a highly acclaimed ROTC program. In 2009, The Republic of Korea's Defense Ministry chose Sookmyung Women's University as South Korea's first university to operate a Reserve Officers' Training Corps program for women.
In addition, Sookmyung's ROTC program has been evaluated as the highest ranking ROTC program for women in the 2012 national military training exercises.
Sookmyung Hospitality Business School has been recognized for its excellence by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology since 2007. Le Cordon Bleu Hospitality MBA course, which has a partnership with Le Cordon Bleu, specializes in educating women for future roles in hospitality industries such as Hotel/Restaurant (H1), Travel/ Transportation (H2), Culture/Entertainment/Sports/Hospital (H3), and Service Management (H4).
Timeline
1906 ''Myungshin Girls' School'' established by Imperial Consort Sunheon.
1948 Re-established as "Sookmyung Women's College".
1955 Raised to "University" status.
1995 Establishment of the General Development Plan for 2006, the 100th anniversary of the school's foundation, and the second founding of the school.
1996~2002 Selected for six consecutive years as an outstanding university for its efforts in education reform.
1998 Received the Presidential Award for the Best Educational Institution in information.
1999~2001 Selected for three consecutive years as the best university in the survey of Nation's Customer Satisfaction Index (NCSI).
2000 The first Korean university to receive ISO 14001.
2003 Completion of the Renaissance Plaza and the Second Foundation Campus.
2004 Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum inaugurated.
2004~2005 Chosen by the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development in the University Specialization Supporting Program in 2004 and 2005.
2005 Sookmyung Women's Disease Research Center was designated as a new Superior Research Center (SRC) by the Ministry of Science Technology.
2006 Established "Le Cordon Bleu Hospitality MBA". The 100th anniversary of Sookmyung's foundation.
2007 "S Leadership Program" is born.
2008 Selected as an outstanding university for its performance in IT Capacity-Building Project of Computer Science major by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.
2009 Won the "Management Innovation Awards".
Selected as the major university leading admission officer system by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.
2010 Won the "Chosun Daily News Advertisement Awards".
Campus
Sookmyung Women's University consists of a Main Campus and a Second Foundation Campus. The Main Campus is in a beautiful setting in harmony with nature. The Second Foundation Campus, constructed upon the second founding and declaration of the university, is the cultural center of the university and home to the "S Leadership Program". The Renaissance Plaza, which has become a landmark, symbol and hub of Sookmyung Women's University, features cultural attractions and activities.
Academic programs
General Education for Leadership
First-year students automatically become a part of the Division of General Education for Leadership.
Sookmyung Women's university has a global cooperation department. In the department, there are global cooperation and entrepreneurship majors. Officially, all classes in the department are taught in English. However, depending on the English skills of professors, exceptions apply.
Currently, Sookmyung Women's University coordinates with the government's Small and Medium Business Administration (SBA) to provide high-quality business education. According to a government report, only six top schools were selected to cooperate with the SBA — Seoul National University, POSTECH, KAIST, Hanyang University and Inha University.
Mentor program
A reinvigorated mentoring program helps facilitate successful career launches for graduates and prepares them with core job-related abilities for professional work. In addition, Sookmyung's wide-ranging and practical education system provides broad industry-academic cooperation that offers students diverse career choices and on-the-job training opportunities.
Dual degree program
Sookmyung Women's University is the first Korean university to offer a dual degree program that allows students to earn degrees from two institutions. Students are exposed to more comprehensive and integrative approaches to their majors by studying four semesters at each school.
Academic rank
According to JoongAng Daily's 2018 university rankings, Sookmyung Women's University is the second best women's university in Korea and is ranked nr. 20 on South Korea's list of best universities.
Admission is selective. General CSAT scores for admission is two level 1 and one level 2 in language, mathematics; foreign language criteria and two level 1 in rest.
SNOW 2.0 Internet-based open knowledge platform
SNOW (Sookmyung Network to Open World) is an open knowledge platform for sharing higher intellectual content. In February 2010, preparing for an official launch in March, SNOW provides its users with intellectual movie clips, including regular lectures from MIT, Wharton School, Stanford, UC Berkeley, and other higher education institutes. With lectures on humanities, science, and design to great addresses given by global leaders, SNOW offers Korean scripts and an introduction to that academic data and encourages its users to participate as volunteers. They can help the intellectual sharing movement with translation, distribution, and donation of credits gained by their activities. SNOW is open to common users as volunteers to share and translate; it is now planning more services and improvements. 2,310 higher education pieces of content are available. SNOW contains 240 Korean-script-supported lectures overall, including 145 from TED ans6 95 by users' voluntary translations.
Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum
The Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum at Sookmyung Women's University is an exhibition, educational, and research facility dedicated to advancing the knowledge and appreciation of embroidery and textile arts. Inaugurated in May 2004, the museum houses an extensive collection of embroidered and woven textiles representing various periods and regions.
The museum's permanent collection, primarily focused on East Asian costume and decorative arts, is among the most comprehensive of its kind in Asia. Its wide scope illuminates the cross-cultural dialogues in technique and style that have enriched textile arts. Through exhibition and educational efforts, the museum seeks to highlight the technical and artistic achievement of embroiderers across time and space; expand understanding of the social and cultural roles that textiles have fulfilled globally; and establish the art of embroidery as a significant contribution to world culture. Housed in a new building that includes exhibition galleries, an information center, a library, conservation studios, classrooms and a 300 seat auditorium equipped with earphones for simultaneous translation, the museum aims to become a leading center for scholarship in embroidery and other textile arts.
Collection
The permanent collection of the Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum includes votive textiles, ecclesiastical robes, military uniforms, folding screens, wedding garments, chair and table coverings, rank insignia, and various types of clothing, costume accessories, and household furnishings used by all social classes. The collection encompasses a broad range of examples from around the world as well as replicas of extant ancient artifacts. The museum seeks to encourage the examination of embroidered textiles as primary documents of the technological, social and cultural environments that produced them as well as to emphasize embroidery's position as an important cultural inheritance and an expressive, dynamic and continually evolving art form.
Controversy
In 2012, Sookmyung University's board was involved in a scandal involving alleged money laundering. Specifically, according to the school's internal laws, the university's board is obliged to make financial contributions to the operational budget of the school through a foundation. However, when the school received a total of 68.5 billion won ($61 million) in donations from 1995 to 2009, the university's board placed these donations in a foundation account and then transferred them to a school administration account, making it appear as if it was the foundation which made a financial contribution to the school's management. Excluding these "donations", the foundation made no contribution of its own to school administration. As a consequence, from 1995 to 20, 9 Sookmyung University students paid 5% more tuition fee than they otherwise would have had to do.
In 2020, Sookmyung Women's University became the first Korean women's university to admit a trans student; however, the student later withdrew her acceptance after news of her acceptance sparked controversy.
Notable people
Moon Hee-kyung, actress
See also
Sookmyung Gayageum Orchestra
Sookmyung Girls' High School
Asian Women, academic journal of the Research Institute of Asian Women (RIAW) based at Sookmyung Women's University
References
External links
The official website
The official English website
Sookmyung Network to Open World
SNOW (Sookmyung Network to Open World)
Yongsan District
Universities and colleges in Seoul
Women's universities and colleges in South Korea
Private universities and colleges in South Korea
Universities and colleges established in 1906
1906 establishments in Korea |
Myurella pseudofortunei is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.
Description
Distribution
This marine species occurs off Papua New Guinea.
References
Aubry U. 2008. Nuove terebre dal Mozambico. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale 59: 17-18
External links
Fedosov, A. E.; Malcolm, G.; Terryn, Y.; Gorson, J.; Modica, M. V.; Holford, M.; Puillandre, N. (2020). Phylogenetic classification of the family Terebridae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea). Journal of Molluscan Studies
Terebridae
Gastropods described in 2008 |
```go
package internal
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"github.com/influxdata/chronograf"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
//go:generate protoc --go_out=. internal.proto
// MarshalBuild encodes a build to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalBuild(b chronograf.BuildInfo) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(&BuildInfo{
Version: b.Version,
Commit: b.Commit,
})
}
// UnmarshalBuild decodes a build from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalBuild(data []byte, b *chronograf.BuildInfo) error {
var pb BuildInfo
if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
b.Version = pb.Version
b.Commit = pb.Commit
return nil
}
// MarshalSource encodes a source to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalSource(s chronograf.Source) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(&Source{
ID: int64(s.ID),
Name: s.Name,
Type: s.Type,
Username: s.Username,
Password: s.Password,
SharedSecret: s.SharedSecret,
URL: s.URL,
MetaURL: s.MetaURL,
InsecureSkipVerify: s.InsecureSkipVerify,
Default: s.Default,
Telegraf: s.Telegraf,
Organization: s.Organization,
Role: s.Role,
DefaultRP: s.DefaultRP,
Version: s.Version,
})
}
// UnmarshalSource decodes a source from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalSource(data []byte, s *chronograf.Source) error {
var pb Source
if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
s.ID = int(pb.ID)
s.Name = pb.Name
s.Type = pb.Type
s.Username = pb.Username
s.Password = pb.Password
s.SharedSecret = pb.SharedSecret
s.URL = pb.URL
s.MetaURL = pb.MetaURL
s.InsecureSkipVerify = pb.InsecureSkipVerify
s.Default = pb.Default
s.Telegraf = pb.Telegraf
s.Organization = pb.Organization
s.Role = pb.Role
s.DefaultRP = pb.DefaultRP
s.Version = pb.Version
return nil
}
// MarshalServer encodes a server to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalServer(s chronograf.Server) ([]byte, error) {
var (
metadata []byte
err error
)
metadata, err = json.Marshal(s.Metadata)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return proto.Marshal(&Server{
ID: int64(s.ID),
SrcID: int64(s.SrcID),
Name: s.Name,
Username: s.Username,
Password: s.Password,
URL: s.URL,
Active: s.Active,
Organization: s.Organization,
InsecureSkipVerify: s.InsecureSkipVerify,
Type: s.Type,
MetadataJSON: string(metadata),
})
}
// UnmarshalServer decodes a server from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalServer(data []byte, s *chronograf.Server) error {
var pb Server
if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
s.Metadata = make(map[string]interface{})
if len(pb.MetadataJSON) > 0 {
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(pb.MetadataJSON), &s.Metadata); err != nil {
return err
}
}
s.ID = int(pb.ID)
s.SrcID = int(pb.SrcID)
s.Name = pb.Name
s.Username = pb.Username
s.Password = pb.Password
s.URL = pb.URL
s.Active = pb.Active
s.Organization = pb.Organization
s.InsecureSkipVerify = pb.InsecureSkipVerify
s.Type = pb.Type
return nil
}
// MarshalLayout encodes a layout to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalLayout(l chronograf.Layout) ([]byte, error) {
cells := make([]*Cell, len(l.Cells))
for i, c := range l.Cells {
queries := make([]*Query, len(c.Queries))
for j, q := range c.Queries {
r := new(Range)
if q.Range != nil {
r.Upper, r.Lower = q.Range.Upper, q.Range.Lower
}
queries[j] = &Query{
Command: q.Command,
DB: q.DB,
RP: q.RP,
GroupBys: q.GroupBys,
Wheres: q.Wheres,
Label: q.Label,
Range: r,
}
}
axes := make(map[string]*Axis, len(c.Axes))
for a, r := range c.Axes {
axes[a] = &Axis{
Bounds: r.Bounds,
Label: r.Label,
}
}
cells[i] = &Cell{
X: c.X,
Y: c.Y,
W: c.W,
H: c.H,
I: c.I,
Name: c.Name,
Queries: queries,
Type: c.Type,
Axes: axes,
}
}
return proto.Marshal(&Layout{
ID: l.ID,
Measurement: l.Measurement,
Application: l.Application,
Autoflow: l.Autoflow,
Cells: cells,
})
}
// UnmarshalLayout decodes a layout from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalLayout(data []byte, l *chronograf.Layout) error {
var pb Layout
if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
l.ID = pb.ID
l.Measurement = pb.Measurement
l.Application = pb.Application
l.Autoflow = pb.Autoflow
cells := make([]chronograf.Cell, len(pb.Cells))
for i, c := range pb.Cells {
queries := make([]chronograf.Query, len(c.Queries))
for j, q := range c.Queries {
queries[j] = chronograf.Query{
Command: q.Command,
DB: q.DB,
RP: q.RP,
GroupBys: q.GroupBys,
Wheres: q.Wheres,
Label: q.Label,
}
if q.Range.Upper != q.Range.Lower {
queries[j].Range = &chronograf.Range{
Upper: q.Range.Upper,
Lower: q.Range.Lower,
}
}
}
axes := make(map[string]chronograf.Axis, len(c.Axes))
for a, r := range c.Axes {
axes[a] = chronograf.Axis{
Bounds: r.Bounds,
Label: r.Label,
}
}
cells[i] = chronograf.Cell{
X: c.X,
Y: c.Y,
W: c.W,
H: c.H,
I: c.I,
Name: c.Name,
Queries: queries,
Type: c.Type,
Axes: axes,
}
}
l.Cells = cells
return nil
}
// MarshalDashboard encodes a dashboard to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalDashboard(d chronograf.Dashboard) ([]byte, error) {
cells := make([]*DashboardCell, len(d.Cells))
for i, c := range d.Cells {
queries := make([]*Query, len(c.Queries))
for j, q := range c.Queries {
r := new(Range)
if q.Range != nil {
r.Upper, r.Lower = q.Range.Upper, q.Range.Lower
}
q.Shifts = q.QueryConfig.Shifts
queries[j] = &Query{
Command: q.Command,
Label: q.Label,
Range: r,
Source: q.Source,
Type: q.Type,
}
shifts := make([]*TimeShift, len(q.Shifts))
for k := range q.Shifts {
shift := &TimeShift{
Label: q.Shifts[k].Label,
Unit: q.Shifts[k].Unit,
Quantity: q.Shifts[k].Quantity,
}
shifts[k] = shift
}
queries[j].Shifts = shifts
}
colors := make([]*Color, len(c.CellColors))
for j, color := range c.CellColors {
colors[j] = &Color{
ID: color.ID,
Type: color.Type,
Hex: color.Hex,
Name: color.Name,
Value: color.Value,
}
}
axes := make(map[string]*Axis, len(c.Axes))
for a, r := range c.Axes {
axes[a] = &Axis{
Bounds: r.Bounds,
Label: r.Label,
Prefix: r.Prefix,
Suffix: r.Suffix,
Base: r.Base,
Scale: r.Scale,
}
}
sortBy := &RenamableField{
InternalName: c.TableOptions.SortBy.InternalName,
DisplayName: c.TableOptions.SortBy.DisplayName,
Visible: c.TableOptions.SortBy.Visible,
}
tableOptions := &TableOptions{
VerticalTimeAxis: c.TableOptions.VerticalTimeAxis,
SortBy: sortBy,
Wrapping: c.TableOptions.Wrapping,
FixFirstColumn: c.TableOptions.FixFirstColumn,
}
decimalPlaces := &DecimalPlaces{
IsEnforced: c.DecimalPlaces.IsEnforced,
Digits: c.DecimalPlaces.Digits,
}
fieldOptions := make([]*RenamableField, len(c.FieldOptions))
for i, field := range c.FieldOptions {
fieldOptions[i] = &RenamableField{
InternalName: field.InternalName,
DisplayName: field.DisplayName,
Visible: field.Visible,
}
}
note := c.Note
noteVisibility := c.NoteVisibility
cells[i] = &DashboardCell{
ID: c.ID,
X: c.X,
Y: c.Y,
W: c.W,
H: c.H,
Name: c.Name,
Queries: queries,
Type: c.Type,
Axes: axes,
Colors: colors,
Legend: &Legend{
Type: c.Legend.Type,
Orientation: c.Legend.Orientation,
},
TableOptions: tableOptions,
FieldOptions: fieldOptions,
TimeFormat: c.TimeFormat,
DecimalPlaces: decimalPlaces,
Note: note,
NoteVisibility: noteVisibility,
}
}
templates := make([]*Template, len(d.Templates))
for i, t := range d.Templates {
vals := make([]*TemplateValue, len(t.Values))
for j, v := range t.Values {
vals[j] = &TemplateValue{
Selected: v.Selected,
Type: v.Type,
Value: v.Value,
Key: v.Key,
}
}
template := &Template{
ID: string(t.ID),
TempVar: t.Var,
Values: vals,
Type: t.Type,
Label: t.Label,
SourceID: t.SourceID,
}
if t.Query != nil {
template.Query = &TemplateQuery{
Command: t.Query.Command,
Flux: t.Query.Flux,
Db: t.Query.DB,
Rp: t.Query.RP,
Measurement: t.Query.Measurement,
TagKey: t.Query.TagKey,
FieldKey: t.Query.FieldKey,
}
}
templates[i] = template
}
return proto.Marshal(&Dashboard{
ID: int64(d.ID),
Cells: cells,
Templates: templates,
Name: d.Name,
Organization: d.Organization,
})
}
// UnmarshalDashboard decodes a layout from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalDashboard(data []byte, d *chronograf.Dashboard) error {
var pb Dashboard
if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
cells := make([]chronograf.DashboardCell, len(pb.Cells))
for i, c := range pb.Cells {
queries := make([]chronograf.DashboardQuery, len(c.Queries))
for j, q := range c.Queries {
queryType := "influxql"
if q.Type != "" {
queryType = q.Type
}
queries[j] = chronograf.DashboardQuery{
Command: q.Command,
Label: q.Label,
Source: q.Source,
Type: queryType,
}
if q.Range.Upper != q.Range.Lower {
queries[j].Range = &chronograf.Range{
Upper: q.Range.Upper,
Lower: q.Range.Lower,
}
}
shifts := make([]chronograf.TimeShift, len(q.Shifts))
for k := range q.Shifts {
shift := chronograf.TimeShift{
Label: q.Shifts[k].Label,
Unit: q.Shifts[k].Unit,
Quantity: q.Shifts[k].Quantity,
}
shifts[k] = shift
}
queries[j].Shifts = shifts
}
colors := make([]chronograf.CellColor, len(c.Colors))
for j, color := range c.Colors {
colors[j] = chronograf.CellColor{
ID: color.ID,
Type: color.Type,
Hex: color.Hex,
Name: color.Name,
Value: color.Value,
}
}
axes := make(map[string]chronograf.Axis, len(c.Axes))
for a, r := range c.Axes {
// axis base defaults to 10
if r.Base == "" {
r.Base = "10"
}
if r.Scale == "" {
r.Scale = "linear"
}
axis := chronograf.Axis{
Bounds: r.Bounds,
Label: r.Label,
Prefix: r.Prefix,
Suffix: r.Suffix,
Base: r.Base,
Scale: r.Scale,
}
axes[a] = axis
}
legend := chronograf.Legend{}
if c.Legend != nil {
legend.Type = c.Legend.Type
legend.Orientation = c.Legend.Orientation
}
tableOptions := chronograf.TableOptions{}
if c.TableOptions != nil {
sortBy := chronograf.RenamableField{}
if c.TableOptions.SortBy != nil {
sortBy.InternalName = c.TableOptions.SortBy.InternalName
sortBy.DisplayName = c.TableOptions.SortBy.DisplayName
sortBy.Visible = c.TableOptions.SortBy.Visible
}
tableOptions.SortBy = sortBy
tableOptions.VerticalTimeAxis = c.TableOptions.VerticalTimeAxis
tableOptions.Wrapping = c.TableOptions.Wrapping
tableOptions.FixFirstColumn = c.TableOptions.FixFirstColumn
}
fieldOptions := make([]chronograf.RenamableField, len(c.FieldOptions))
for i, field := range c.FieldOptions {
fieldOptions[i] = chronograf.RenamableField{}
fieldOptions[i].InternalName = field.InternalName
fieldOptions[i].DisplayName = field.DisplayName
fieldOptions[i].Visible = field.Visible
}
decimalPlaces := chronograf.DecimalPlaces{}
if c.DecimalPlaces != nil {
decimalPlaces.IsEnforced = c.DecimalPlaces.IsEnforced
decimalPlaces.Digits = c.DecimalPlaces.Digits
} else {
decimalPlaces.IsEnforced = true
decimalPlaces.Digits = 2
}
note := c.Note
noteVisibility := c.NoteVisibility
// FIXME: this is merely for legacy cells and
// should be removed as soon as possible
cellType := c.Type
if cellType == "" {
cellType = "line"
}
cells[i] = chronograf.DashboardCell{
ID: c.ID,
X: c.X,
Y: c.Y,
W: c.W,
H: c.H,
Name: c.Name,
Queries: queries,
Type: cellType,
Axes: axes,
CellColors: colors,
Legend: legend,
TableOptions: tableOptions,
FieldOptions: fieldOptions,
TimeFormat: c.TimeFormat,
DecimalPlaces: decimalPlaces,
Note: note,
NoteVisibility: noteVisibility,
}
}
templates := make([]chronograf.Template, len(pb.Templates))
for i, t := range pb.Templates {
vals := make([]chronograf.TemplateValue, len(t.Values))
for j, v := range t.Values {
vals[j] = chronograf.TemplateValue{
Selected: v.Selected,
Type: v.Type,
Value: v.Value,
Key: v.Key,
}
}
template := chronograf.Template{
ID: chronograf.TemplateID(t.ID),
TemplateVar: chronograf.TemplateVar{
Var: t.TempVar,
Values: vals,
},
Type: t.Type,
Label: t.Label,
SourceID: t.SourceID,
}
if t.SourceID == "" {
template.SourceID = "dynamic"
}
if t.Query != nil {
template.Query = &chronograf.TemplateQuery{
Command: t.Query.Command,
Flux: t.Query.Flux,
DB: t.Query.Db,
RP: t.Query.Rp,
Measurement: t.Query.Measurement,
TagKey: t.Query.TagKey,
FieldKey: t.Query.FieldKey,
}
}
templates[i] = template
}
d.ID = chronograf.DashboardID(pb.ID)
d.Cells = cells
d.Templates = templates
d.Name = pb.Name
d.Organization = pb.Organization
return nil
}
// ScopedAlert contains the source and the kapacitor id
type ScopedAlert struct {
chronograf.AlertRule
SrcID int
KapaID int
}
// MarshalAlertRule encodes an alert rule to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalAlertRule(r *ScopedAlert) ([]byte, error) {
j, err := json.Marshal(r.AlertRule)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return proto.Marshal(&AlertRule{
ID: r.ID,
SrcID: int64(r.SrcID),
KapaID: int64(r.KapaID),
JSON: string(j),
})
}
// UnmarshalAlertRule decodes an alert rule from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalAlertRule(data []byte, r *ScopedAlert) error {
var pb AlertRule
if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(pb.JSON), &r.AlertRule)
if err != nil {
return err
}
r.SrcID = int(pb.SrcID)
r.KapaID = int(pb.KapaID)
return nil
}
// MarshalUser encodes a user to binary protobuf format.
// We are ignoring the password for now.
func MarshalUser(u *chronograf.User) ([]byte, error) {
roles := make([]*Role, len(u.Roles))
for i, role := range u.Roles {
roles[i] = &Role{
Organization: role.Organization,
Name: role.Name,
}
}
return MarshalUserPB(&User{
ID: u.ID,
Name: u.Name,
Provider: u.Provider,
Scheme: u.Scheme,
Roles: roles,
SuperAdmin: u.SuperAdmin,
})
}
// MarshalUserPB encodes a user to binary protobuf format.
// We are ignoring the password for now.
func MarshalUserPB(u *User) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(u)
}
// UnmarshalUser decodes a user from binary protobuf data.
// We are ignoring the password for now.
func UnmarshalUser(data []byte, u *chronograf.User) error {
var pb User
if err := UnmarshalUserPB(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
roles := make([]chronograf.Role, len(pb.Roles))
for i, role := range pb.Roles {
roles[i] = chronograf.Role{
Organization: role.Organization,
Name: role.Name,
}
}
u.ID = pb.ID
u.Name = pb.Name
u.Provider = pb.Provider
u.Scheme = pb.Scheme
u.SuperAdmin = pb.SuperAdmin
u.Roles = roles
return nil
}
// UnmarshalUserPB decodes a user from binary protobuf data.
// We are ignoring the password for now.
func UnmarshalUserPB(data []byte, u *User) error {
return proto.Unmarshal(data, u)
}
// MarshalRole encodes a role to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalRole(r *chronograf.Role) ([]byte, error) {
return MarshalRolePB(&Role{
Organization: r.Organization,
Name: r.Name,
})
}
// MarshalRolePB encodes a role to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalRolePB(r *Role) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(r)
}
// UnmarshalRole decodes a role from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalRole(data []byte, r *chronograf.Role) error {
var pb Role
if err := UnmarshalRolePB(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
r.Organization = pb.Organization
r.Name = pb.Name
return nil
}
// UnmarshalRolePB decodes a role from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalRolePB(data []byte, r *Role) error {
return proto.Unmarshal(data, r)
}
// MarshalOrganization encodes a organization to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalOrganization(o *chronograf.Organization) ([]byte, error) {
return MarshalOrganizationPB(&Organization{
ID: o.ID,
Name: o.Name,
DefaultRole: o.DefaultRole,
})
}
// MarshalOrganizationPB encodes a organization to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalOrganizationPB(o *Organization) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(o)
}
// UnmarshalOrganization decodes a organization from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalOrganization(data []byte, o *chronograf.Organization) error {
var pb Organization
if err := UnmarshalOrganizationPB(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
o.ID = pb.ID
o.Name = pb.Name
o.DefaultRole = pb.DefaultRole
return nil
}
// UnmarshalOrganizationPB decodes a organization from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalOrganizationPB(data []byte, o *Organization) error {
return proto.Unmarshal(data, o)
}
// MarshalConfig encodes a config to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalConfig(c *chronograf.Config) ([]byte, error) {
return MarshalConfigPB(&Config{
Auth: &AuthConfig{
SuperAdminNewUsers: c.Auth.SuperAdminNewUsers,
},
})
}
// MarshalConfigPB encodes a config to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalConfigPB(c *Config) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(c)
}
// UnmarshalConfig decodes a config from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalConfig(data []byte, c *chronograf.Config) error {
var pb Config
if err := UnmarshalConfigPB(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
if pb.Auth == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Auth config is nil")
}
c.Auth.SuperAdminNewUsers = pb.Auth.SuperAdminNewUsers
return nil
}
// UnmarshalConfigPB decodes a config from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalConfigPB(data []byte, c *Config) error {
return proto.Unmarshal(data, c)
}
// MarshalOrganizationConfig encodes a config to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalOrganizationConfig(c *chronograf.OrganizationConfig) ([]byte, error) {
columns := make([]*LogViewerColumn, len(c.LogViewer.Columns))
for i, column := range c.LogViewer.Columns {
encodings := make([]*ColumnEncoding, len(column.Encodings))
for j, e := range column.Encodings {
encodings[j] = &ColumnEncoding{
Type: e.Type,
Value: e.Value,
Name: e.Name,
}
}
columns[i] = &LogViewerColumn{
Name: column.Name,
Position: column.Position,
Encodings: encodings,
}
}
return MarshalOrganizationConfigPB(&OrganizationConfig{
OrganizationID: c.OrganizationID,
LogViewer: &LogViewerConfig{
Columns: columns,
},
})
}
// MarshalOrganizationConfigPB encodes a config to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalOrganizationConfigPB(c *OrganizationConfig) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(c)
}
// UnmarshalOrganizationConfig decodes a config from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalOrganizationConfig(data []byte, c *chronograf.OrganizationConfig) error {
var pb OrganizationConfig
if err := UnmarshalOrganizationConfigPB(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
if pb.LogViewer == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Log Viewer config is nil")
}
c.OrganizationID = pb.OrganizationID
columns := make([]chronograf.LogViewerColumn, len(pb.LogViewer.Columns))
for i, c := range pb.LogViewer.Columns {
columns[i].Name = c.Name
columns[i].Position = c.Position
encodings := make([]chronograf.ColumnEncoding, len(c.Encodings))
for j, e := range c.Encodings {
encodings[j].Type = e.Type
encodings[j].Value = e.Value
encodings[j].Name = e.Name
}
columns[i].Encodings = encodings
}
c.LogViewer.Columns = columns
ensureHostnameColumn(c)
return nil
}
// Ensures the hostname is added since it was missing in 1.6.2
func ensureHostnameColumn(c *chronograf.OrganizationConfig) {
var maxPosition int32
for _, v := range c.LogViewer.Columns {
if v.Name == "hostname" {
return
}
if v.Position > maxPosition {
maxPosition = v.Position
}
}
c.LogViewer.Columns = append(c.LogViewer.Columns, newHostnameColumn(maxPosition+1))
}
func newHostnameColumn(p int32) chronograf.LogViewerColumn {
return chronograf.LogViewerColumn{
Name: "hostname",
Position: p,
Encodings: []chronograf.ColumnEncoding{
{
Type: "visibility",
Value: "visible",
},
},
}
}
// UnmarshalOrganizationConfigPB decodes a config from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalOrganizationConfigPB(data []byte, c *OrganizationConfig) error {
return proto.Unmarshal(data, c)
}
// MarshalMapping encodes a mapping to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalMapping(m *chronograf.Mapping) ([]byte, error) {
return MarshalMappingPB(&Mapping{
Provider: m.Provider,
Scheme: m.Scheme,
ProviderOrganization: m.ProviderOrganization,
ID: m.ID,
Organization: m.Organization,
})
}
// MarshalMappingPB encodes a mapping to binary protobuf format.
func MarshalMappingPB(m *Mapping) ([]byte, error) {
return proto.Marshal(m)
}
// UnmarshalMapping decodes a mapping from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalMapping(data []byte, m *chronograf.Mapping) error {
var pb Mapping
if err := UnmarshalMappingPB(data, &pb); err != nil {
return err
}
m.Provider = pb.Provider
m.Scheme = pb.Scheme
m.ProviderOrganization = pb.ProviderOrganization
m.Organization = pb.Organization
m.ID = pb.ID
return nil
}
// UnmarshalMappingPB decodes a mapping from binary protobuf data.
func UnmarshalMappingPB(data []byte, m *Mapping) error {
return proto.Unmarshal(data, m)
}
``` |
Witówka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Raczki, within Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Raczki, south-west of Suwałki, and north of the regional capital Białystok.
References
Villages in Suwałki County |
Dendropyrochronology is the science of using tree-ring dating to study and reconstruct the history of wild fires. It is a subfield of dendrochronology, along with dendroclimatology and dendroarchaeology.
See also
Dendroclimatology
Dendroarchaeology
References
Dendrology |
Homecoming: The Live Album (stylized in all caps, or as HΘMΣCΘMING: THE LIVE ALBUM) is the fifth live album by American singer-songwriter Beyoncé, released on April 17, 2019. Recorded in April 2018 at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival in Indio, California, the album features the entirety of Beyoncé's performance at the festival, which has since been described as "historic" by a number of music critics and media outlets. Two bonus studio tracks – a cover of Maze's song "Before I Let Go" and "I Been On" – follow the live recording, bringing the album's length to just short of two hours.
The album accompanied a concert film about the performance, Homecoming, which premiered the same day on the streaming platform Netflix.
Background and recording
On January 4, 2017, Beyoncé was announced as a headlining act for the April 2017 Coachella festival. However, on February 23, 2017, she postponed her performance until the following year, due to doctor's concerns regarding her pregnancy with twins (born in June 2017). Playing her rescheduled dates in 2018, Beyoncé became the first black woman ever to headline the festival. In its nearly twenty years of existence, the festival has only had two other women solo headliners, Lady Gaga (who replaced Beyoncé in 2017) and Björk (2002 and 2007). Even prior to Beyoncé's performance, the nickname "Beychella" emerged for the 2018 festival.
For her April 14 and 21, 2018, performances, some 100 dancers as well as her sister Solange, her husband Jay-Z, and her former girl group Destiny's Child joined Beyoncé on stage. She played a 26-song set to 125,000 concert-goers in attendance as well as millions watching via the live-stream on YouTube and subsequent playback. The set sampled Malcolm X and Nina Simone among others. The performance has been credited as paying a strong tribute to the HBCU experience.
A full marching band played during much of the set, accompanied by majorette dancers. Writing for Mic.com, Natelegé Whaley stated that the band consisted of members from various HBCUs and played samples of songs that are often played at an HBCU such as "Swag Surf", "Broccoli", and "Back That Thang Up", along with samples of gospel and go-go music.
Journalists also noted that the set incorporated various aspects of black Greek life, such as a step show along with strolling by probates (pledges). Reviewers noted the influence of black feminism on Beyoncé's performance, including her sampling of Nigerian author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's TED Talk on feminism and the aforementioned appearances on stage of former collaborators Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams of Destiny's Child as well as her sister Solange; writing in Cosmopolitan, Brittney Cooper read Beyoncé's decision to involve these black women in the landmark performance as a gesture of sisterhood.
Release
The album was released on April 17, 2019, to coincide with the release of Homecoming, a documentary about the Coachella set that premiered on the streaming platform Netflix.
On October 16, 2020, the vinyl release of the album was announced for December 4 of the same year.
Critical reception
Homecoming: The Live Album was met with widespread critical acclaim. At Metacritic, it received a weighted average score of 95, based on 6 reviews.
Writing for Los Angeles Times, Sonaiya Kelley named Homecoming: The Live Album as "one of the greatest live albums ever", with Makeda Easter adding that the "album is a piece of black history". Bernadette Giacomazzo of HipHopDX called the album an "artistically-sound triumph" as well as a "cultural touchstone and, quite possibly, the live album of a generation". Giacomazzo describes that what makes the album "so classic is that Beyoncé makes clear" that she is "Black Excellence, personified — and in her performance, she makes the audience believe that they, too, are Black Excellence personified".
Writing for Rolling Stone, Brittany Spanos described the album as "triumphant" and "awe-inspiring". She noticed that the live album successfully felt like a greatest hits collection (reimagined to fit the college homecoming theme and marching band) due to its lack of connection to any specific album. In a review for Pitchfork, Danielle Jackson praised the album as a "stunning" preservation of Beyoncé's Coachella performance, commending its focus on historical black artists. She wrote that the performance showcased Beyoncé at her vocal and physical peak, while celebrating "complex, diasporic blackness". She also applauded the album's mixing and engineering, and concluded that the "wondrous, rapturous collage" could serve as one of Beyoncé's most important albums. AllMusic's reviewer Neil Z. Yeung had similar sentiments, concluding that "Homecoming is a master class in technical prowess, crowd pleasing, and soulful substance. Channeling the spirit of African queen Nefertiti (whose image she adopted for this show), Beyoncé proved to be a ruler in her own right, lording over Coachella for two career-defining nights."
Accolades
Commercial performance
Homecoming: The Live Album debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 with 38,000 album-equivalent units (including 14,000 in album sales) from only two days of tracking activity. It is Beyoncé's eighth solo US top 10 album. The following week, it rose to number four, earning 57,000 album-equivalent units (including 8,000 album sales). After the album's release, the studio version of "Before I Let Go" peaked at number 17 on the Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Digital Song Sales Chart as well as number 3 on the Billboard R&B Digital Song Sales Chart. In the beginning of May, "Before I Let Go" debuted at number 75 in the US Billboard Hot 100 chart issue dated May 4, 2019. It peaked at number 65 in the US Billboard Hot 100 issue dated May 11, 2019.
Impact
Homecoming: The Live Album has been said to have set a trend of musicians releasing albums with complementary film projects on Netflix. Lonely Island's The Unauthorized Bash Brothers Experience, Thom Yorke's Anima, Sturgill Simpson's Sound & Fury, and Kid Cudi's Entergalactic are all cited as examples of projects that have followed the precedent that Homecoming: The Live Album set. Sheldon Pearce for Pitchfork wrote that Homecoming kickstarted the "ongoing uprising" where "black women have been demanding ownership of their outsized impact on culture"; Jamila Woods' LEGACY! LEGACY! and Rapsody's Eve, as well as exhibitions such as "Black Women: Power and Grace" and "Posing Modernity", are mentioned as later works that constitute the "formative syllabus" that started with Homecoming.
Frankie Beverly, who originally sang "Before I Let Go", praised Beyoncé's cover of the song in Homecoming: The Live Album, saying "It's a blessing... She's done so much, this is one of the high points of my life." R&B legend Anita Baker also commented on Beyoncé's cover, describing Beyoncé as "Queen keeping R&B alive". Rolling Stone reported that the famed New Orleans band Rebirth Brass Band "gained new admirers" after Beyoncé sampled their song "Do Whatcha Wanna" on the track "Welcome".
Music director Derek Dixie called working on Homecoming: The Live Album a "blessing", adding that being nominated for an Emmy Award means that "I've kind of accomplished something for the home team and family." Dixie also said "It was just months and months of prep work, making it sound authentic. She has tons and tons of classic records that when putting the show together, you have to maintain the classic feel of the record but make it feel like you're in a stadium at homecoming."
A 9-feet-tall statue of Beyoncé as seen on the Homecoming: The Live Album cover was unveiled at Mercedes-Benz Area in Berlin.
The "GO FIGURE" data visualization series explored the words and phrases that Beyoncé repeated throughout Homecoming and their impact on the viewer, with Semmi W. writing that Beyoncé "plants seeds of positive self-talk rather than doubt. Whether I was catching the subway or cleaning my apartment, her edict between my ears this weekend was cause for royal jubilee. In under two hours, Queen Bey kept declaring that we are all enough. In 162 sentences she told us to love, hustle, and claim what's yours. She repeatedly affirmed my intrinsic worth as a black girl-turned-adult."
Through the tribute to HBCU culture in Homecoming: The Live Album (such as on the track "So Much Damn Swag"), Beyoncé increased people's interest in HBCUs. Students cited Homecoming as the reason that they were considering attending HBCUs, and Google searches for "HBCU" reached an all-time high after Homecoming: The Live Album was released.
Track listing
Credits adapted from Beyoncé's official website.
All songs are produced by Beyoncé and Derek Dixie, except "Lift Ev'ry Voice and Sing", "So Much Damn Swag (Interlude)", "Bug a Boo Roll Call (Interlude)", "Lift Ev'ry Voice and Sing (Blue's Version)", which credit no producers, and the bonus tracks, "Before I Let Go" and "I Been On", that were produced by Tay Keith & Beyoncé and Timbaland & Beyoncé, respectively.
Personnel
Production
Beyoncé Knowles-Carter – live performance direction, executive production, music direction
Derek Dixie – music direction, music mixing engineering, post audio engineering
Teresa LaBarbera – audio production supervision
Mariel Gomerez – music coordination
Stuart White – music mixing engineering, post audio engineering
Daniel Pampuri – recording engineering
Lester Mendoza – music mixing engineering, recording engineering, post audio engineering
Eric Hoffman – post audio engineering
Daniel Pampun – assistant engineering
Scott Kramer – assistant engineering
Colin Leonard – mastering
Kevin "Kwiz" Ryan – live performance audio engineering, recording engineering
Instrumentation
Band
Simone Bozyermini
Janee Dixon
Chris Gray
Arnetta Johnson
Chris Johnson
Corbin Jones
Marie Katre
Ariel O'Neal
Peter Ortega
Lauren Robinson
Crystal Torres
Rie Tsuji
Lessie Vonner
Venzella Joy Williams
Vidie Williams
The Bzzzz (drumline live)
Rasaq Adeyemi
Larry Allen
Mathew Ashraf
Jacques Bell
Alex Blake
Tallie Brinson
Issac Carter
Kadeem Chambers
Brandon Cunningham
Jalen Harvey
Rashaad Horne
Keir Garner
Dasmyn Grigsby
Michael Jones
Giovanni Luevano
Lomario Marchman
Maurice Mosley
Naderah Munajj
Joey Oakly
Sjoerd Onley
Ralph Nadar
Jason Price
Loubins Richard
Erin Robinson
Travord Rolle
Brian Snell
Nathaniel Spencer
Sean Torres
Wayne Westley
Background Vocals
Tiffanie Cross
Jasmin Cruz
Steve Epting
Naarai Jacobs
Jamal Moore
Dwanna Orange
Kiandra Richardson
Tiffany Moníque Ryan (assistant vocal arranger, lead background vocalist/ choir director)
Jerome Wayne
Chimera Wilson
Cameron Wright
George Young
Strings
Crystal Alforque
Nathalie Barret-Mas
Amber Camp
Jasmin Charles
Rhea Hosanny
Jessica Mcjunkins
Ezinma
Chala Yancy
Crystal Brooke
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
2019 live albums
Albums produced by Beyoncé
Beyoncé albums
Columbia Records live albums |
Aulus Sempronius Atratinus was a consular tribune of the Roman Republic in 425, 420, 416 BC and possibly consul in 428 BC.
Sempronius belonged to the patrician branch of the Sempronia gens. He was the son of Lucius Sempronius Atratinus, consul in 444 BC and one of the first censors of the Republic. Gaius Sempronius Atratinus, consul in 423 BC and a contemporary relative was probably a cousin (son of Aulus Sempronius Atratinus) or a younger brother.
Career
In 428 or 427 BC Sempronius held the consulship together with Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus. This consulship is dubious as it is only mentioned by Diodorus Siculus and is placed in-between the consuls of 428, Aulus Cornelius Cossus and Titus Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus, and the consuls of 427 BC, Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala and Lucius Papirius Mugillanus. It is possible that they were suffect consuls replacing the college of 428 BC or that all four consuls mentioned in 428 were consular tribunes. All events described by other ancient authors are ascribed to the ordinary consuls of 428 BC.
Sempronius was elected as consular tribune in 425 BC together with (possibly his former consular colleague) Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Lucius Furius Medullinus and Lucius Horatius Barbatus. They oversaw the signing of a twenty year truce with Veii and a three year truce with the Aequi.
Sempronius was re-elected as consular tribune in 420 BC, sharing it with two of his former colleagues, Furius and Quinctius, and a consular newcomer, Marcus Manlius Vulso. In some sources the Quinctius who shared in the college was not Lucius Quinctius, but instead his brother Titus Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus. Little is known of the events during the year other than that Sempronius presided over the election of the Quaestors.
Sempronius again held the imperium as consular tribune in 416 BC. His colleagues were Marcus Papirius Mugillanus, Quintus Fabius Vibulanus and Spurius Nautius Rutilus. The only known event during the year was the proposal of a agrarian law by two of the Tribunes of the Plebs, which was vetoed by their own colleagues.
See also
References
Roman consular tribunes
5th-century BC Romans
Atratinus, Aulus |
The Battle of Chipana took place on 12 April 1879, during the War of the Pacific between Chile and Peru. It was the first naval engagement between both navies and took place in front of Huanillos, off the (then) Bolivian coast, as the Peruvian corvette Unión and gunboat found the Chilean corvette Magallanes on its way to Iquique.
For a while, the Unión was subjected to cross fire, then the Pilcomayo suffered boiler trouble, and dropped out of the battle. After a two-hour running artillery duel, Unión suffered engine problems, the pursuit was called off. Magallanes escaped with minor damage and had completed part of its mission, delivering commissioned papers to Iquique, but could not complete its reconnaissance mission of finding if any guano ships were still trading in the zone.
There were no injuries on either side.
References
History of South America
Naval battles involving Chile
Naval battles involving Peru
Naval battles of the War of the Pacific
Battles in 1879
1879 in Chile
Battles and conflicts without fatalities
Battle of Chipana
April 1879 events |
Winning Group Arena, is an indoor arena in Brno, Czech Republic. The capacity of the arena is 7,700 people and it was built in 1982. It is currently home to the HC Kometa Brno ice hockey team.
Until 2011, the arena was named Hala Rondo. However, after Kajotbet started sponsoring the arena, it was renamed Kajot Arena. After the end of the contract, it was called "Rondo Hall" again until a new sponsorship with DRFG was signed in 2015, renaming the arena to DRFG Arena.
References
External links
Indoor ice hockey venues in the Czech Republic
Buildings and structures in Brno
Sport in Brno
Sports venues completed in 1982
1982 establishments in Czechoslovakia
20th-century architecture in the Czech Republic |
Simón is a 2018 short film directed by Venezuelan filmmaker Diego Vicentini. The film is about a young Venezuelan who is seeking asylum in the United States, though his heart remains in the protests back home. It was created following the 2017 student protests, hoping to raise awareness of the crisis in Venezuela around the world.
Synopsis
During the student protests in Venezuela during 2017, young Simón, who feels threatened in his home country, flees to the United States, but finds the asylum process difficult. Beyond this, the film does not focus on a single character, seeking to represent many, as it looks to raise awareness of the humanitarian crisis in Venezuela, as well as the 2017 Venezuelan protests and the United States asylum process.
Cast
Christian McGaffney as Simón
Kelley Mack as Melissa
Steve Wilcox as Dr. Moore
Alexandra Hoove as Mrs. Moore
Ruben Guevara as Alejandro
Jorge Borrelli as the pharmacist
Raúl Walder as Chucho
Gian Franco Rodriguez as student protestor
Production
In October 2017, Vicentini, then a student in California, saw the protests unfolding from videos and social media. He says that this experience was "surreal" and like "a double life"; that he could watch the videos and be very worried, but then leave the house and "little birds were singing; everything was nice and quiet". This difference is what made Vicentini feel "the duty" to make the short film.
The film was shot in March 2018, in Los Angeles, and was originally Vicentini's thesis for his master's degree in Cinema. It was filmed over five days and is mostly in English, starring Venezuelan actor Christian McGaffney among a cast of Americans.
The title of the film is for the Venezuelan liberator, Simón Bolívar, evoking his heroism. Vicentini chose this title as an acknowledgement of all the young people involved in protests against the Nicolás Maduro government, saying they "are all 'mini liberators' because they fought for the freedom of Venezuela", emphasizing that many died, were injured, kidnapped, and tortured. He notes that these protesters are anonymous, so "each of them is a Simón".
In 2019, Vicentini and Marcel Rasquin began fundraising to make a feature film of the story.
A feature film was shot in 2021 and released in 2023. The main cast included Luis Silva, Prakiti Maduro, Franklin Virgüez, José Ramón Barreto and Christian McGaffney.
Reception
Simón has been screened in many countries and festivals around the world. It was given a "festival tour" for a year before being released digitally. The profits of tickets sold during limited releases went to the Chamos foundation, supporting children in Venezuela; Vicentini met with Chamos representatives in Madrid. The limited release screening tour was set up after the trailer went viral.
References
External links
Official website
Films shot in Los Angeles
2018 films
2010s Spanish-language films
Venezuelan short films
2010s English-language films |
Wave To Make Friends is the first full-length album from American indie rock band The Comas.
Track listing
Tears For Trixie
Sparrowheaded Man
16mm
Fainter
B To Chloe
Victoria
Execution Style
Naked Cowboys
Broken Camel
References
External links
TheComas.com (Official site)
1999 debut albums
The Comas albums |
A broad-tailed parrot is any of about 35–40 species belonging to the tribe Platycercini. The members of the tribe are small to medium in size, and all are native to Australasia, Australia in particular, but also New Zealand, New Caledonia, and nearby islands.
Species
Genus Prosopeia
Crimson shining parrot, Prosopeia splendens
Masked shining parrot, Prosopeia personata
Maroon shining parrot, Prosopeia tabuensis
Genus Eunymphicus
Horned parakeet, Eunymphicus cornutus
Ouvea parakeet, Eunymphicus uvaeensis
Genus Cyanoramphus
Black-fronted parakeet, Cyanoramphus zealandicus†
Society parakeet, Cyanoramphus ulietanus†
Lord Howe parakeet, Cyanoramphus subflavescens†
Antipodes parakeet, Cyanoramphus unicolor
Red-crowned parakeet, Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae
Macquarie parakeet, Cyanoramphus erythrotis†
Reischek's parakeet, Cyanoramphus hochstetteri
Yellow-crowned parakeet, Cyanoramphus auriceps
Chatham parakeet, Cyanoramphus forbesi
Malherbe's parakeet, Cyanoramphus malherbi
New Caledonian parakeet Cyanoramphus saisseti
Norfolk parakeet Cyanoramphus cooki
Genus Platycercus
Western rosella, Platycercus icterotis
Crimson rosella, Platycercus elegans
Adelaide rosella, Platycercus (elegans) adelaidae
Yellow rosella, Platycercus (elegans) flaveolus
Green rosella, Platycercus caledonicus
Pale-headed rosella, Platycercus adscitus
Eastern rosella, Platycercus eximius
Northern rosella, Platycercus venustus
Genus Barnardius - sometimes included in Platycercus
Australian ringneck, Barnardius zonarius
Genus Purpureicephalus
Red-capped parrot, Purpureicephalus spurius
Genus Lathamus
Swift parrot, Lathamus discolor
Genus Northiella - often included in Psephotus
Eastern bluebonnet, Northiella haematogaster
Naretha bluebonnet, Northiella narethae
Genus Psephotus
Red-rumped parrot, Psephotus haematonotus
Genus Psephotellus
Mulga parrot, Psephotellus varius
Golden-shouldered parrot, Psephotellus chrysoptergius
Hooded parrot, Psephotellus dissimilis
Paradise parrot, Psephotellus pulcherrimus† (extinct, late 1920s)
The budgerigar was traditionally placed in this tribe, but this inclusion is incorrect. The closest relatives of the budgerigar are the lories and lorikeets. The genera Neopsephotus, Neophema, and Pezoporus are placed in a separate, but closely related tribe, the Pezoporini based on the paper by Joseph et al. (2011)
References
External links |
The Darnestown Presbyterian Church dates back to the 1850s, and is located in Darnestown, Maryland. It is a Presbyterian Church (USA) congregation and a member of the National Capital Presbytery. Behind the church building is a cemetery with the graves of many of the early settlers of western Montgomery County, and some of the local roads and villages are namesakes of members of those pioneering families. The first European landowner in the Darnestown area was Ninian Beall, who settled around 1749. Some Beall family members are buried in the church cemetery.
Construction of the church began in 1855, after community leader John L. DuFief donated of land. The cornerstone was laid on September 14, 1856, and a small vernacular frame building with no steeple and no stained-glass windows was constructed. The completed church was dedicated on May 22, 1858. In 1897, a bell tower and parlor were added. Improvements in 1952 and 1953 included expansion of the building, stained glass windows, and a Hammond organ.
Today (2022), the church has about 350 members and is active in the community. The church and cemetery are located close to the intersection of Darnestown Road and Turkey Foot Road.
History and background
Ninian Beall was the first European landowner in what would become Maryland's Darnestown area, settling around 1749. Originally, the land around present-day Darnestown was used by European settlers for growing tobacco and corn. In the last half of the 18th century, a small village grew at the Montgomery County intersection of what is now Darnestown Road (Maryland Route 28) and Seneca Road (Maryland Route 112). Seneca Road led from Darnestown to the Seneca Mill and a landing on the Potomac River—a trip of less than . During the first half of the 19th century, a new network of roads, mills, and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (a.k.a. C&O Canal) provided farmers with better access to markets.
Darnestown's Presbyterians originally shared a log church with Methodists, Baptists, and Episcopalians. The church building was called the "Free Church" or the "Union Church", and it was located at the Pleasant Hills side of Darnestown. The nearest Presbyterian Church was established in Neelsville in 1845, and it shared its minister with the Darnestown worshippers. Neelsville was located north of Darnestown, but when traveling by road the trip was . On May 12, 1855, the congregation of Darnestown Presbyterians became a "missionary Point" of the Neelsville Presbyterian Church. Throughout the summer of 1855, the Darnestown Presbyterians sought ways to establish their own church building. Major George Peter offered land, but the location was unfavorable and therefore not pursued. Shortly after Peter's offer, mill owner John L. DuFief donated of land for the church. The offer was accepted, and the land was located on Turkey Foot Road near Darnestown Road.
Construction and surroundings
The church's cornerstone was laid on September 14, 1856. Funding was an issue for the small Darnestown congregation, and the new church was built with standard lumber. To save money, a bell tower and stained glass windows were not part of the original structure. A ceremony was held to dedicate the completed church on May 22, 1858. The original portion of the church has been described as an "example of Greek Revival church architecture" because of its "classical pilasters and pedimented windows." The building was expanded in the late 1890s, and a bell tower and church parlor were added to the front of the structure. The front section's trussed and bracketed door hood is a simplified characteristic of Gothic Revival, as are the pointed arch windows. Stained glass windows were installed in 1905, and a rear wing was added in the 1950s. A new Hammond organ was purchased in 1953.
Andrew Small
Andrew Small was a Scottsman living in Georgetown that became familiar with Darnestown while his company was helping construct the C&O Canal. In December 1865, Small granted the church $5,000 () with three conditions. First, the original sum of money was not to be spent. Second, the interest generated by the original funds would be used for paying a portion of the church pastor's salary. Third, the church congregation would decide the location of a parsonage by January 1, 1867, and a house would be erected for a pastor who would devote at least three fourths of his work in the Darnestown neighborhood.
Small made another grant when he died in 1867. He left $35,000 () to the Neelsville and Darnestown Presbyterian Church. This time, there were no conditions, but it was understood that a portion of the money would be used to fund a private academy in Darnstown. After deducting the cost of the academy, the endowment was about $27,000 () that was shared equally by the Darnestown and Neelsville branches.
Academy
The Darnestown congregation acquired land, located next to the church land, for a manse and the academy. Construction work for the manse and academy was conducted at the same time. The manse was ready to be occupied in February 1870, but was part of a dispute between the Darnestown and Neelsville churches. The Presbytery settled the dispute with each branch having its own minister.
The academy, which was named the Andrew Small Academy, began in the basement of the church in 1867 before the academy building was completed. The school was moved into its new building in 1869 before it was finished, but was forced to close during 1871 because of financial problems. The school restarted in 1872. The building was a three-story brick structure that was completed in 1872. It was the largest school building in Montgomery County, and taught boys and girls. During the early 1880s, it had about 60 students, and about one third of the students were boarders. The school's principal was the church's minister until 1892. In 1907, the county obtained use of the academy building for a public high school.
Cemetery
The church's cemetery contains the graves of some of the area's early settlers, including members of the Darne, Clagett, Offutt, and Tschiffely families. Some members of the Beall family were also buried there in the 1800s. The Clagett family, also spelled Claggett, is associated with the nearby neighborhood of Quince Orchard. The community of Travilah, Travilah Road, and Travilah Elementary School are all named after Travilah Clagett. The Offutt family is associated with the community known as Potomac, which was originally called Offutt's Crossroads. The Tschiffely family is associated with the nearby Kentlands neighborhood, and also owned a mill near the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (a.k.a. C&O Canal). Three of the closest C&O Canal locks are the Pennyfield Lock, Riley's Lock, and Violette's Lock—and all three of their namesake lock keepers are buried at the cemetery. Philanthropist Andrew Small, who left money for the church and a school during the 1860s, is also buried there.
Current use
The Darnestown Presbyterian Church has about 350 members (2022). Sunday School starts at 9:00am and worship service at 10:30am. During the summer, worship service starts at 9:30am. Worshippers can also view services on-line on the church's YouTube channel. Services are led by the Reverend Neill S. Morgan. The church is located at the intersection of Darnestown Road and Turkey Foot Road. At one time, it used an address of 13800 Darnestown Road, but its current address is 15120 Turkey Foot Road.
The Andrew Small Academy was demolished in 1955. Darnestown Elementary School stands in its place at 15030 Turkey Foot Road. The exact site of the academy is now covered by a blacktop play area behind the elementary school.
Notes
Footnotes
Citations
References
External links
Darnestown Presbyterian Church
Darnestown Presbyterian Church YouTube Channel
Presbyterian churches in Maryland
Churches completed in 1858
1858 establishments in Maryland
Churches in Montgomery County, Maryland |
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Tiverton and Honiton was held on 23 June 2022. The vacancy was caused by the resignation on 4 May 2022 of the incumbent Member of Parliament (MP), Neil Parish of the Conservative Party, following his admission to accusations that he viewed pornography on his mobile phone in the House of Commons chamber.
The election was won by Richard Foord of the Liberal Democrats. The Conservative majority of 24,239 in the 2019 general election is thought to have been the largest majority ever overturned in a by-election. It was the party's third gain from the Conservatives since the 2019 general election, following their victory at Chesham and Amersham in June 2021, and in North Shropshire in December 2021.
The election was held on the same day as the Wakefield by-election in West Yorkshire, which the Conservatives lost to the Labour Party. This was the first time since the 1991 Kincardine and Deeside and Langbaurgh by-elections that a British government has lost two seats in by-elections on the same day.
Background
Constituency
Tiverton and Honiton lies in Devon and the constituency is primarily rural, with major settlements being the towns of Tiverton and Honiton. Other towns include Axminster, Seaton and Cullompton. In the 2016 EU referendum, 57.8% of the voters who turned out voted to leave the European Union.
The by-election was the ninth of the 2019 Parliament. The seat was said by The Guardian to be, on paper at least, one of the safest in the country for the Conservatives, with the party having held the constituency since its creation in 1997 by increasing margins, with its inaugural election in 1997 representing the closest result in the seat, with just 1,653 votes or three percentage points separating the winning Conservative candidate and the Liberal Democrat opponent.
Trigger
Parish was first elected as a Conservative MP in the 2010 general election. A female Conservative MP complained on 25 April 2022 to the party's Chief Whip about a male colleague having watched pornography on his mobile phone in the Commons chamber, without identifying the individual. This was later identified to be Parish. He was alleged to have watched pornography on two occasions in the House of Commons. Parish said the first occasion was accidental, as he discovered a pornographic website during a search related to tractors, but admitted that the second occasion had been intentional, and announced his intention to resign as an MP on 30 April 2022.
On 4 May, Parish was appointed to the position of Steward and Bailiff of the Manor of Northstead, disqualifying him from being an MP, which is a mechanism by which an MP's resignation is put into effect.
On 17 May, the writ was moved by the Chief Whip, Chris Heaton-Harris, formally triggering the by-election.
On 19 May, the acting returning officer published the notice of the election confirming the timetable with the poll taking place on Thursday 23 June 2022, the same day as the Wakefield by-election.
Campaign
Labour frontbench sources confirmed that senior Labour figures had told them the party would be "soft-pedalling" the campaign in the by-election in order to allow the Liberal Democrats an easier shot at winning. A Labour spokesperson did not deny this, but confirmed they would be standing a candidate.
The Times reported a focus group for Times Radio had found that voters in the constituency who supported the Tories in the last election were swinging towards the Liberal Democrats as they lost faith in Conservative Prime Minister Boris Johnson.
Cllr Paul Arnott, the leader of East Devon District Council, and of the East Devon Alliance Independents group on the council, announced he had joined the national Liberal Democrats party and supported them in the by-election.
On 15 June, The Guardian reported on internal polling carried out by the Liberal Democrats based on 'tens of thousands of voter contacts', which found that the Conservatives had 46% support and the Lib Dems were marginally behind at 44%. The Lib Dems said they had a 4% deficit at the same time before the North Shropshire by-election, which they won. Further internal polling by the Liberal Democrats, reported on by the i newspaper on 20 June, put the Liberal Democrats and the Conservatives neck-and-neck, with both garnering 45% of the vote. According to Daily Mirror journalist Rachel Wearmouth, internal data – not disclosed until after the polls had closed – showed the Liberal Democrats 5% ahead of the Conservatives over the weekend prior to the by-election.
The poor condition of Tiverton High School was reportedly an important issue in the campaign.
Candidates
Parish said that he might run in the by-election as an independent, stating that he had been pledged financial support. However, he ultimately did not appear on the list of candidates.
On 20 May, the Liberal Democrats announced that their candidate would be university worker Richard Foord, a retired Army major.
The Conservative Party produced an all-female shortlist for the seat, and selected Helen Hurford, the Deputy Mayor of Honiton, as their candidate on 22 May.
The Labour Party selected Liz Pole, a businesswoman and chair of the Constituency Labour Party, on 22 May. Pole previously stood for Labour in the same seat at the 2019 general election, coming second.
Results
This result was the sixth-largest swing against the governing party since 1945; in addition, the Conservative Party's 24,239-vote majority from the 2019 general election is the largest ever overturned in a by-election.
Previous result
Reactions
Liberal Democrat leader Sir Ed Davey said that the key factor in Foord's victory was "not just Partygate and the constant lies and law-breaking. It's the general sense of neglect and being taken for granted by [Boris] Johnson's Conservatives."
Political scientist Sir John Curtice partly attributed the large swing to the Liberal Democrats to tactical voting by Labour voters wishing to avoid a Conservative MP. Secretary of State for Education Nadhim Zahawi said that the new schools programme was an important reason in the by-election.
Conservative candidate Helen Hurford was ridiculed in the press for locking herself in a storage room upon her arrival at the counting venue, and refusing to speak to journalists.
See also
Largest swings in United Kingdom by-elections
References
2022 elections in the United Kingdom
2022 in England
2020s in Devon
By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Devon constituencies
2022
June 2022 events in the United Kingdom |
Michael "Mike" Downing (October 20, 1954 - April 17, 2015) was the Sheriff of Rockingham County, New Hampshire, having served in that role from his election in 2010 until his cancer related death in 2015.
Downing was a Republican member of the New Hampshire Senate, representing the 22nd district from 2006 to 2010. He was also a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1996 until 2002.
Early life and education
Downing was born in Malden, Massachusetts. He earned his associate degree from New Hampshire College (now Southern New Hampshire University) and his bachelor's degree from Franklin Pierce University.
2006 campaign
After a three-way Republican primary, Mike Downing ran against Democrat Beth Roth for the open seat that was vacated by Chuck Morse who gave up the seat to run for the New Hampshire Executive Council.
2010 election
Downing stepped down from the Senate in order to run for Sheriff of Rockingham County. He defeated 5 other candidates to win the Republican primary.
No Democrats appeared on the primary ballot. Police officer Shannon Coyle of Derry waged a write-in campaign for the Democratic primary, and won the nomination. Independent Dorothy Heyl also ran in the general election.
On election day, Downing won with 60% of the vote, compared to 30% for Coyle and 9% for Heyl.
References
External links
The New Hampshire Senate - Senator Michael Downing official government website
Project Vote Smart - Senator Michael Downing (NH) profile
Follow the Money - Michael W (Mike) Downing
2006 2002 2000 1998 campaign contributions
Republican Party New Hampshire state senators
Republican Party members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
1954 births
Living people
Southern New Hampshire University alumni
Franklin Pierce University alumni |
```smalltalk
Extension { #name : 'Point' }
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> angle [
"Answer the angle in radians between the vectors represented by the receiver and (1, 0) from the origin."
^ self y arcTan: self x
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> angleWith: aPoint [
"Answer the angle in radians between the vectors represented by the receiver and aPoint from the origin."
| ar ap |
ar := self angle.
ap := aPoint angle.
^ ap >= ar
ifTrue: [ ap - ar ]
ifFalse: [ Float pi * 2 - ar + ap ]
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> bearingToPoint: anotherPoint [
"Return the bearing, in degrees, from the receiver to anotherPoint."
| deltaX deltaY |
deltaX := anotherPoint x - x.
deltaY := anotherPoint y - y.
deltaX abs < 0.001
ifTrue: [ ^ deltaY > 0 ifTrue: [ 180 ] ifFalse: [ 0 ]].
^ ((deltaX >= 0 ifTrue: [90] ifFalse: [270])
- ((deltaY / deltaX) arcTan negated radiansToDegrees)) rounded
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> degrees [
"Answer the angle the receiver makes with origin in degrees. right is 0; down is 90."
| tan theta |
^ x = 0
ifTrue:
[ y >= 0
ifTrue: [ 90.0 ]
ifFalse: [ 270.0 ] ]
ifFalse:
[ tan := y asFloat / x asFloat.
theta := tan arcTan.
x >= 0
ifTrue:
[ y >= 0
ifTrue: [ theta radiansToDegrees ]
ifFalse: [ 360.0 + theta radiansToDegrees ] ]
ifFalse: [ 180.0 + theta radiansToDegrees ] ]
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> distanceTo: aPoint [
"Answer the distance between aPoint and the receiver."
| dx dy |
dx := aPoint x - x.
dy := aPoint y - y.
^ (dx * dx + (dy * dy)) sqrt
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> normal [
"Answer a Point representing the unit vector rotated 90 deg clockwise. For the zero point return -1@0."
| n d |
n := y negated @ x.
(d := (n x * n x + (n y * n y))) = 0
ifTrue: [ ^ -1 @0 ].
^ n / d sqrt
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> normalized [
"Optimized for speed"
| r |
r := (x * x + (y * y)) sqrt.
^ (x / r) @ (y / r)
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> onLineFrom: p1 to: p2 [
^ self onLineFrom: p1 to: p2 within: 2
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> onLineFrom: p1 to: p2 within: epsilon [
"Answer true if the receiver lies on the given line segment between p1 and p2 within a small epsilon."
"is this point within the box spanning p1 and p2 expanded by epsilon? (optimized)"
p1 x < p2 x
ifTrue: [
((x < (p1 x - epsilon)) or: [x > (p2 x + epsilon)]) ifTrue: [^ false]]
ifFalse: [
((x < (p2 x - epsilon)) or: [x > (p1 x + epsilon)]) ifTrue: [^ false]].
p1 y < p2 y
ifTrue: [
((y < (p1 y - epsilon)) or: [y > (p2 y + epsilon)]) ifTrue: [^ false]]
ifFalse: [
((y < (p2 y - epsilon)) or: [y > (p1 y + epsilon)]) ifTrue: [^ false]].
"it's in the box; is it on the line?"
^ (self distanceTo: (self nearestPointAlongLineFrom: p1 to: p2)) <= epsilon
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> r [
"Answer the receiver's radius in polar coordinate system."
^ (self dotProduct: self) sqrt
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point class >> r: rho degrees: degrees [
"Answer an instance of me with polar coordinates rho and theta."
^ self basicNew setR: rho degrees: degrees
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> rotateBy: angle about: center [
"This method returns the point obtained after rotating myself (counter clockwise)
around the #center point of an #angle given as parameter. The #angle provided as
parameter is interpreted as being in radian."
| p r theta |
p := self - center.
r := p r.
theta := angle asFloat - p theta.
^ (center x asFloat + (r * theta cos)) @ (center y asFloat - (r * theta sin))
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> rotateBy: direction centerAt: c [
"Answer a Point which is rotated according to direction, about the point c.
Direction must be one of #right (CW), #left (CCW) or #pi (180 degrees)."
| offset |
offset := self - c.
direction == #right ifTrue: [ ^ offset y negated @ offset x + c ].
direction == #left ifTrue: [ ^ offset y @ offset x negated + c ].
direction == #pi ifTrue: [ ^ c - offset ].
self error: 'unrecognizable direction'
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> setR: rho degrees: degrees [
| radians |
radians := degrees asFloat degreesToRadians.
x := rho asFloat * radians cos.
y := rho asFloat * radians sin
]
{ #category : '*Math-Operations-Extensions' }
Point >> theta [
"Answer the angle the receiver makes with origin in radians. right is 0;
down is 90."
| tan theta |
^ x = 0
ifTrue: [y >= 0
ifTrue: [ 1.570796326794897 "90.0 degreesToRadians" ]
ifFalse: [ 4.71238898038469 "270.0 degreesToRadians" ] ]
ifFalse:
[tan := y asFloat / x asFloat.
theta := tan arcTan.
x >= 0
ifTrue: [y >= 0
ifTrue: [ theta ]
ifFalse: [ "360.0 degreesToRadians" 6.283185307179586 + theta ]]
ifFalse: [ "180.0 degreesToRadians" 3.141592653589793 + theta ] ]
]
``` |
A Curate in Bohemia is a 1972 Australian TV play based on a 1913 novel by Norman Lindsay. It was one of a series of adaptations of Lindsay works on the ABC in 1972.
Plot
A man considering entering the priesthood falls in with some artists.
Production
Series producer Alan Burke said "A Curate in Bohemia, written when Lindsay was a very young man, is like a Marx Brothers knockabout farce. And we played it like that.
Cast
Bryan Davies
Reg Livermore
Ray Gurney
References
External links
A Curate in Bohemia at AustLit
Complete copy of script at National Archives of Australia
Australian television plays
Films directed by Alan Burke (director)
Films based on works by Norman Lindsay |
Adam Skrodzki (born 23 December 1983) is a Polish fencer. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's sabre, but was defeated in the second round.
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
Polish male fencers
Olympic fencers for Poland
Fencers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
People from Siemianowice Śląskie
Sportspeople from Silesian Voivodeship
European Games competitors for Poland
Fencers at the 2015 European Games |
The Eremita de San Jordi or Eremita de San Jorge or Hermitage of St George is a Roman Catholic rural chapel or hermitage located just outside the town of El Puig in the province of Valencia, Spain.
History
This hermitage was erected in 1631 to celebrate the 1237 Battle of the Puig and the legendary intervention of St George in favor of the Aragonese forces History. This victory by Jaime I de Aragón opened the way for his conquest of Valencia. The interior has mosaic designs celebrating the battle. The chapel was restored in 1926 with an elaborate ceremony.
References
Baroque architecture in the Valencian Community
17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1631
Churches in the Valencian Community
1631 establishments in Spain |
The 1988–89 Scottish Inter-District Championship was a rugby union competition for Scotland's district teams.
This season saw the 36th formal Scottish Inter-District Championship.
Edinburgh District won the competition with four wins.
1988-89 League Table
Results
Matches outwith the Championship
Trial matches
Blues:
Reds:
References
1988–89 in Scottish rugby union
1988–89
Scot |
Doracium (Greek: ), was an ancient town of Illyricum, which Hierocles calls the metropolis of the Provincia Praevalitana – a title which rightly belongs to Scodra. Wesseling has supposed that it might represent Dioclea, but this is not confirmed. Its precise location is not known.
References
Roman towns and cities in Montenegro
Former populated places in the Balkans
Cities in ancient Illyria
Illyrian Montenegro
ca:Doracium |
Zita Carla Torrão Pinto Martins (born 1979), OSE, is a Portuguese astrobiologist, and an associate professor at Instituto Superior Técnico. She was a Royal Society University Research Fellow (URF) at Imperial College London. Her research explores how life may have begun on Earth by looking for organic compounds in meteorite samples.
Early life and education
As a child, Zita Martins studied classical ballet from the age of four and was encouraged by her teacher to progress to the National Ballet School in Portugal, which would have put her on track to become a professional dancer. Instead, at the age of 15, she decided she wanted to pursue science, gave up ballet and taught herself Russian. At secondary school, she filled in a careers test, which advised her strengths were in science and art, which Zita Martins says was not very helpful.
As an undergraduate studying chemistry, at Instituto Superior Técnico, Martins was unsure how to direct her education towards a career in space science. She says, "I emailed NASA and asked them what I should do. They told me to do an internship in the Netherlands. I did an internship there, and did a really cool project analysing samples from space (i.e. meteorites). I thought: ‘this is cool; I want to do this for the rest of my life’.
She was awarded a PhD in 2007 for Chemical analysis of organic molecules in carbonaceous meteorites from Leiden University supervised by Pascale Ehrenfreund. While completing her PhD, she gave a talk which was led to an invitation to be an Invited Scientist at NASA.
Research and career
In 2013, Zita Martins, working with colleagues from the University of Kent shot steel projectiles at ice samples, which simulated the composition of comets to find out if their impact is responsible for the production of complex organic molecules. The experiment found that the impact-shock of a comet produces a number of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. This has implications for the origin of life on Earth but also potentially in the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn.
Zita Martins is Co-Investigator of two European Space Agency missions, OREOcube and EXOcube, which will be installed on the International Space Station in the future.
Committed to inspiring the next generation of young people to take an interest in science, Zita Martins has an active involvement with the international media. She is a BBC Expert Women Scientist.
Awards and honours
Honours
Officer of the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword (25 February 2019) - For exceptional and outstanding merits in science.
Academic Awards
Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF) in 2009.
References
Living people
Portuguese biologists
Leiden University alumni
Astrobiologists
Academics of Imperial College London
Women biologists
1979 births
Planetary scientists
Women planetary scientists |
Otocinclus bororo is a species of armoured catfish native to the upper Paraguay river basin in South America. It is also known as the Paraguay dwarf sucker.
Otocinclus bororo is found in the upper Paraguay river basin including the Paraguay, La Plata and Paraná rivers. The type locality of the species is a stream in Barra do Bugres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Females are larger than males and reach an average adult size of 31 mm (1.2'').
References
Hypoptopomatini
Taxa named by Scott Allen Schaefer
Fish described in 1997 |
Julia Griffiths (21 May 1811 – 1895) was a British abolitionist who worked with the American former slave Frederick Douglass. The two met in London, England, during Douglass's tour of the British Isles in 1845–47. In 1849, Griffiths joined Douglass in Rochester, New York, and edited, published and promoted his work. She was one of six founding members of the influential Rochester Ladies Anti-Slavery Society. She is most noted for publishing Autographs for Freedom, an anthology of anti-slavery literature. In 1854, there were unfounded accusations, leveled by William Lloyd Garrison, that Douglass and Griffiths engaged in infidelity. Griffiths returned to England in 1855, where she continued to organize ladies' anti-slavery societies, write columns for Douglass's newspapers, and raise funds for the Rochester Ladies Anti-Slavery Sewing Society, later called the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery and Freedmen's Aid Society. In 1859, she married Henry O. Crofts, a Methodist minister and former missionary in Canada. After her husband's death, Crofts ran a school for girls in St. Neots.
References
Further reading
External links
Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society Papers at the William L. Clements Library
British abolitionists
1811 births
1895 deaths
Frederick Douglass |
Christian Alexander (born April 14, 1990) is a Bulgarian-American actor, best known for his role as Kiefer Bauer on the American daytime drama General Hospital.
Life and career
Born to Bulgarian parents in Athens, Alexander is a graduate of Beverly Hills High School in Beverly Hills, California. He formerly competed in gymnastics. Alexander has appeared in a number of television series, most notably over sixty episodes of General Hospital from June 18, 2009 to April 6, 2010. In 2011, he appeared in ABC Family's The Lying Game.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
1990 births
Greek emigrants to the United States
Male actors from California
American male child actors
American male film actors
American people of Bulgarian descent
American male soap opera actors
American male television actors
Beverly Hills High School alumni
Living people |
Elizabeth Ellery Bailey ( Raymond; November 26, 1938 – August 19, 2022) was an American economist. She was the John C. Hower Professor of Business and Public Policy, at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Bailey studied deregulation, market competition and regulatory capture through her career and contributed to the deregulation of the airline industry in the United States in the late 1970s.
Bailey was the first woman to graduate with a PhD in economics from Princeton University and was considered a "pathbreaker for women in economics".
Early life
Bailey was born on November 26, 1938, in New York City to Henrietta Dana Raymond and Irving W. Raymond, both of whom were history professors. She was the second of five daughters in the family. She grew up in New York City, where she graduated from the Chapin School in 1956. She received her bachelor's degree from Radcliffe College, a master's degree from Stevens Institute of Technology and her Ph.D. from Princeton University, where she was the first woman to receive a doctoral degree in economics.
Career
Bailey started her career working as a computer programmer at Bell Laboratories. Bailey worked in technical programming at Bell Laboratories from 1960 to 1972, before transferring to the economic research section from 1972 to 1977. She was the first woman appointed a department head (the economic research section) at Bell Laboratories. During her time there, she was part of a group that studied monopolies and regulatory distortions, and even gave presentations on the topic to AT&T executives and advisors including William Baumol and Alfred E. Kahn, with whom she would later go on to collaborate.
In 1977, President Jimmy Carter named Bailey the first woman Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) commissioner. In 1981, she was named the first woman vice chairman of the agency by President Ronald Reagan. Between 1977 and 1983 she served on the Civil Aeronautics Board, where she oversaw the deregulation of the airline industry in the United States. Bailey studied deregulation and regulatory capture through her career and contributed to the passage of the Airline Deregulation Act, a 1978 United States federal regulation that freed airlines from government control in pricing, route planning, competition and market composition. Colleagues of the time including economist Kahn, noted her to have been the fiercest proponent of deregulation in the committee. Outside of the field of deregulations, during her time at the CAB, she also pushed for the rights of non-smokers to be guaranteed a smoke-free seat in airlines, not liking cigarette smoke herself.
From 1983 to 1990, Bailey was Dean of the Graduate School of Industrial Administration of Carnegie Mellon University. Bailey became the first woman dean to head a Top 10 graduate school with this appointment. Bailey joined The Wharton School in July 1991, having served from July 1990 to June 1991 as a professor of industrial administration at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), and as a visiting scholar at the Yale School of Organization and Management. She had served as dean at CMU between 1983 and 1990. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1997. She served on the Board of Directors of TIAA-CREF, Altria, and CSX Corporation, and was a trustee of The Brookings Institution and a member of the National Bureau of Economic Research. Bailey also served as the Vice Chairman of Bancroft NeuroHealth.
Bailey was noted to have opened opportunities for women in economics. An obituary in The Washington Post called Bailey a "pathbreaker for women in economics". She was the first woman to graduate with a doctorate in economics from Princeton University and was often among the lone women in various corporate boards. During her confirmation hearing in the late 1970s to become the Civil Aeronautics Board commissioner, she was asked by Ted Stevens, a senator from Alaska, about her "steel" to which she is noted to have remarked that she was "tougher" than she looked.
Bailey received the Carolyn Shaw Bell award from the American Economic Association in 2009. She was inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1977 and held a chair at the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Personal life
Bailey was married to James Lawrence Bailey in a marriage that ended in a divorce. She had two sons, with one of them predeceasing her in 2018.
Bailey was suffering from Parkinson's disease and died on August 19, 2022, at her home in Reston, Virginia, aged 83.
Select published works
References
1938 births
2022 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American businesswomen
American women economists
Carnegie Mellon University faculty
Chapin School (Manhattan) alumni
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Economists from New York (state)
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Neurological disease deaths in Virginia
Princeton University alumni
Radcliffe College alumni
Scientists at Bell Labs
University of Pennsylvania faculty
Yale University faculty
Writers from New York City
20th-century American economists
[[Category:21st-century American economists] |
NGC 861 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Triangulum. It is estimated to be 360 million light-years from the Milky Way and has a diameter of approximately 165,000 light-years. The object was discovered on September 18, 1865 by Heinrich d'Arrest.
See also
List of NGC objects (1–1000)
References
0861
Spiral galaxies
Triangulum
008652 |
The United States Maritime Service Training Station at Sheepshead Bay was opened on September 1, 1942. It closed on February 28, 1954.
The station was the largest maritime training station during World War II and was equipped to train 30,000 merchant seamen each year. The site is now occupied by Kingsborough Community College, and has been since the mid-1960s.
See also
Manhattan Beach Air Force Station (1954-1959)
Manhattan Beach Coast Guard Training Station
References
United States Merchant Marine
Manhattan Beach, Brooklyn
Maritime colleges in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1942
Educational institutions disestablished in 1954
Coney Island
Defunct universities and colleges in New York (state)
1942 establishments in New York City
Military facilities in Brooklyn |
Khetag Aleksandrovich Pliev (; born February 20, 1984) is a Russian professional boxer, freestyle wrestler and mixed martial artist who competed for Canada.
In 2012, Pliev was awarded the silver medal at the Marika tournament, qualifying him to compete at the 2012 Summer Olympics, where he came in 10th in the 96 kg weight category. He is a four-time Canadian National Champion, Ohio State champion (1999-2002), U.S. Junior open champion 2002. He had his professional boxing debut in 2017.
On April 1, 2021, Pliev’s finger became detached from his hand during an MMA bout. The finger was later recovered and reattached.
References
External links
1984 births
Living people
Canadian male sport wrestlers
Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games
Olympic wrestlers for Canada
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada
Pan American Games medalists in wrestling
People from Alagirsky District
Wrestlers at the 2011 Pan American Games
Wrestlers at the 2012 Summer Olympics |
The Enterprise Europe Network provides support for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) with international ambitions. Co-funded by the European Union's COSME and Horizon 2020 programmes, the Network's aim is to help businesses innovate and grow internationally.
The Network is active in more than 60 countries worldwide. It brings together 3,000 experts from more than 600 member organisations, including:
chambers of commerce and industry
technology poles
innovation support organisations
universities and research institutes
regional development organisations
Advice for international growth
Enterprise Europe Network advisory services support businesses seeking to expand into international markets. The services cover a wide range of regulatory areas and market intelligence:
Compliance with EU regulations and standards (e.g. CE marking)
Access to international markets – market intelligence and capacity building
International public contracts –access to cross-border procurement and EU tender opportunities
National and regional finance and funding – identification of sources of finance and investor-readiness training
EU funding schemes and application support
Intellectual property rights (IPR) – patents and IPR applications and exploitation strategies
Energy and resource efficiency – identification of technologies and finance opportunities
Management improvement – capacity building
Support for business innovation
Enterprise Europe Network innovation support services are available based on an assessment of the needs and development phase of the business.
At an entry level, Network services include:
information on innovation-related policies, legislation and support programmes
links with local innovation stakeholders
information about access to local sources of funding/support
Network experts can provide one-to-one services to support innovation capacity building. Services include innovation audits, advice on intellectual property, marketing and access to finance.
Finally, the Network provides key account management services to businesses benefitting from the Horizon 2020 SME instrument programme, part of the European Innovation Council (EIC) pilot.
History
The Enterprise Europe Network was launched on 7 February 2008 by former EU Commissioner Günter Verheugen. The Enterprise Europe Network combines the previous Euro Info Centres and the Innovation Relay Centres. From 2008 to 2014, the Network was co-financed by the EU's Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP), in cooperation with institutions at national and regional levels. From 2015 to 2020, the Network was co-financed under the European Union's programme for the competitiveness of SMEs (COSME) and Horizon 2020.
Under the responsibility of the European Commission's Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, the Enterprise Europe Network is managed by the Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME).
References
External links
Official Enterprise Europe Network Website
Final evaluation of the impact of the Enterprise Europe Network 2008-2014 (executive summary):
Final evaluation of the impact of the Enterprise Europe Network 2008-2014 (full report):
Interim Evaluation of the COSME Programme Final Report: .
International organizations based in France
Organizations related to small and medium-sized enterprises
Pan-European trade and professional organizations |
The 1925 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Français in Saint-Cloud, France. The tournament ran from 28 May until 6 June. It was the 30th staging of the French Championships but it was the first time it was staged as a Grand Slam event. It was the second Grand Slam tournament of the year. It was the first time the tournament was open to players who were neither French citizens nor residents of France.
Suzanne Lenglen won all three events she entered; the women's singles, the women's doubles, and the mixed doubles.
Finals
Men's singles
René Lacoste defeated Jean Borotra, 7–5, 6–1, 6–4
Women's singles
Suzanne Lenglen defeated Kitty McKane, 6–1, 6–2
Men's doubles
Jean Borotra / René Lacoste defeated Henri Cochet / Jacques Brugnon, 7–5, 4–6, 6–3, 2–6, 6–3
Women's doubles
Suzanne Lenglen / Julie Vlasto defeated Evelyn Colyer / Kitty McKane, 6–1, 9–11, 6–2
Mixed doubles
Suzanne Lenglen / Jacques Brugnon defeated Julie Vlasto / Henri Cochet, 6–2, 6–2
References
External links
French Open official website
French Championships (tennis) by year
French Championships
French Championships
History of tennis
French Championships (tennis)
French Championships (tennis)
French |
James Deotis Roberts (July 12, 1927July 26, 2022) was an American theologian, and a pioneering figure in the black theology movement.
Biography
Born in Spindale, North Carolina, Roberts earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Johnson C. Smith University, a Bachelor of Divinity degree from Shaw University, and a Master of Sacred Theology degree from Hartford Seminary. In 1957, he became the first African American to earn a PhD from New College, University of Edinburgh, in philosophical theology. Later in 1994, he was awarded an honorary DLitt, also from the University of Edinburgh.
He taught at Howard University's School of Religion (1958–1980), served as president of the Interdenominational Theological Center from 1980 to 1983, and became Distinguished Professor of Philosophical Theology at Eastern Baptist Theological Seminary, serving there until 1998, after which he became a Distinguished Professor Emeritus. He was also the first and only black president of the American Theological Society (1994–1995).
Roberts became known for his work in black theology and the theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. A festschrift was prepared in his honor entitled The Quest for Liberation and Reconciliation (2005).
Black theology
In the 1960s, Roberts and James H. Cone emerged as two leading figures in the black theology movement. Roberts challenged theologians such as Jürgen Moltmann as articulating theologies that were not relevant for black people in America. He also criticized the early works of Cone's, namely Black Theology and Black Power (1969), but also saw himself as mediating between Cone and Martin Luther King Jr.
Works
References
1927 births
2022 deaths
American theologians
20th-century African-American writers
20th-century American theologians
20th-century Protestant theologians
African-American theologians
American Christian theologians
People from Spindale, North Carolina
Writers from North Carolina |
Alpout is a village in the Bilasuvar Rayon of Azerbaijan.
References
Populated places in Bilasuvar District |
David Raymond Curtiss (January 12, 1878 – April 29, 1953) was an American mathematician. He served as president of the Mathematical Association of America from 1935 to 1936. He was also vice president of the American Mathematical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Life and career
Curtiss was born in Derby, Connecticut. He attended the University of California, earning a bachelor's degree in 1899 and a master's degree in 1901. He earned a doctorate at Harvard University under Maxime Bôcher and William Fogg Osgood in 1903. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at École Normale Supérieure in 1904.
In 1904, Curtiss taught at Yale University for one year. He then served as a professor at Northwestern University from 1905 to 1943, including 20 years as Chair of the Mathematics Department. Curtiss authored textbooks on trigonometry and analytic geometry with Elton James Moulton. He also published the second Carus Mathematical Monograph, Analytic Functions of a Complex Variable.
His brother was astrophysicist Ralph Hamilton Curtiss. His son was computer pioneer John Hamilton Curtiss. He and his wife, who was seriously ill, committed suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning in the garage of their home in Redlands, California.
References
External links
1878 births
1953 suicides
1953 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
Harvard University alumni
Northwestern University faculty
Presidents of the Mathematical Association of America
People from Derby, Connecticut
Mathematicians from Connecticut
Suicides by carbon monoxide poisoning
Suicides in California
Joint suicides |
Aberystruth was an ancient ecclesiastical parish in Wales, located beside the north-west corner of the county of Monmouthshire against the border with Breconshire and between the parishes of Bedwellty and Trevethin. It extended from Beaufort in the north beyond Abertillery in the south.
Blaina
The parish church located near the centre of the parish in the village of Blaina and dedicated to St Peter, was first built about the year 1500 and that building lasted more than 320 years.
Following a fire which destroyed the original St Peter's another church was built on the site, the opening services being held on 4 December 1856; this was demolished in 1966. The present St Peter's Blaina dates from the late 1960s and today forms part of a larger ministry area served by clergy headed by the Rector of Ebbw Vale.
Aberystruth remained the official ecclesiastical name of the parish into the 1980s. Clergy were styled Rector of Aberystruth (Blaina) in Crockford's Clerical Directory but it had been obsolete in all other usages for decades. An attempt in recent years to restore the name for a ministry area which would have linked the Abertillery and Blaina parishes under one heading did not, in the end, succeed.
Industry
Development of Aberystruth's coal and iron ore deposits in the early nineteenth century brought explosive growth to Abertillery and Nantyglo and its new suburb of Brynmawr.
Aberystruth is now the eastern portion of the county borough of Blaenau Gwent
Parish bounds and Brynmawr
The 19th century settlement of Brynmawr spanned the original boundary of Monmouthshire (parish of Aberystruth) and Breconshire (parishes of Llanelly and Llangattock). At the southern end of Boundary Street Brynmawr you may still find the Boundary Stone marking the point where the three parishes met.
References
External links
A remarkable History of Aberystruth by David James
Kelly's Directory 1901
History of Blaenau Gwent
Geography of Blaenau Gwent |
The Printing Historical Society or 'PHS' is a learned society devoted to the study of the history of printing, in all its forms.
History
The Society was founded in London in 1964 by a group of teachers, scholars, students of design and bibliography, librarians, professional printers and amateur enthusiasts, notably James Mosley, James Moran, John Dreyfus, Michael Turner, Berthold Wolpe, David Chambers and Michael Twyman. At the time, and to some degree ever since, the PHS had close connections with the St Bride Library (then called the St Bride Printing Library) and the Department of Typography & Graphic Communication at the University of Reading. The PHS was the first society to be instituted specifically for the study of printing history, and has been followed by several others, notably the American Printing History Association.
Aims
The aims of the PHS are stated to be 'to foster an interest in the history of printing and encourage both the study and the preservation of printing machinery, records, and equipment of historical value'. In 2016 it subsumed the National Printing Heritage Trust, and added to its aims to raise funds to preserve printing equipment and archives, and to lobby for the creation of a national printing museum for the U.K.
Publications
Since its inception, the PHS has produced a series of scholarly publications which are available to members, and often also to the general public. An occasional monograph series has included reprints of works and specimens of historical significance, as well as original books on printing type, printing presses, lithographic printers and other aspects of the discipline. In 2015 the Society issued An epitome of the history of printing in sixteen leaves as a keepsake for its fiftieth anniversary (which included pages printed by all the main reproductive processes, from woodcut to digital) and a special number of the PHS Journal. The Journal was originally issued annually and latterly published twice a year, has a good reputation for learning, originality, accuracy and detail, and for the reproduction of specimens of historical printing processes and documents. The Society has also published a Bulletin and, after 2000, joined with the Friends of St Bride and the National Printing Heritage Trust in issuing the quarterly Printing history news (edited by Paul W. Nash 2005-2015 and Ken Burnley 2015 onwards). The Journal has had a series of distinguished editors and guest-editors, including Mosley, Twyman, Margaret M. Smith, Richard Lawrence and John Trevitt. It has been edited by Paul W. Nash since 2014.
See also
Society for the History of Authorship, Reading and Publishing
References
External links
Printing Historical Society
1964 establishments in the United Kingdom
Historical societies of the United Kingdom
Printing
Organizations established in 1964
Industrial history of the United Kingdom |
A rotary vane pump is a type of positive-displacement pump that consists of vanes mounted to a rotor that rotates inside a cavity. In some cases these vanes can have variable length and/or be tensioned to maintain contact with the walls as the pump rotates.
This type of pump was invented by Charles C. Barnes of Sackville, New Brunswick, who patented it on June 16, 1874. There have been various improvements since, including a variable vane pump for gases (1909).
This type of pump is considered less suitable than other vacuum pumps for high-viscosity and high-pressure fluids, and is . They can endure short periods of dry operation, and are considered good for low-viscosity fluids.
Types
The simplest vane pump has a circular rotor rotating inside a larger circular cavity. The centres of these two circles are offset, causing eccentricity. Vanes are mounted in slots cut into the rotor. The vanes are allowed a certain limited range of movement within these slots such that they can maintain contact with the wall of the cavity as the rotor rotates. The vanes may be encouraged to maintain such contact through means such as springs, gravity, or centrifugal force. A small amount of oil may be present within the mechanism to help create a better seal between the tips of the vanes and the cavity's wall. The contact between the vanes and the cavity wall divides up the cavity into "vane chambers" that do the pumping work. On the suction side of the pump the vane chambers are increased in volume and are thus filled with fluid forced in by the inlet vacuum pressure, which is the pressure from the system being pumped, sometimes just the atmosphere. On the discharge side of the pump the vane chambers decrease in volume, compressing the fluid and thus forcing it out of the outlet. The action of the vanes pulls through the same volume of fluid with each rotation.
Multi-stage rotary-vane vacuum pumps, which force the fluid through a series of two or more rotary-vane pump mechanisms to enhance the pressure, can attain vacuum pressures as low as 10−6 mbar (0.0001 Pa).
Uses
Vane pumps are commonly used as high-pressure hydraulic pumps and in automobiles, including supercharging, power-steering, air conditioning, and automatic-transmission pumps. Pumps for mid-range pressures include applications such as carbonators for fountain soft-drink dispensers and espresso coffee machines. Furthermore, vane pumps can be used in low-pressure gas applications such as secondary air injection for auto exhaust emission control, or in low-pressure chemical vapor deposition systems.
Rotary-vane pumps are also a common type of vacuum pump, with two-stage pumps able to reach pressures well below 10−6 bar. These are found in such applications as providing braking assistance in large trucks and diesel-powered passenger cars (whose engines do not generate intake vacuum) through a braking booster, in most light aircraft to drive gyroscopic flight instruments, in evacuating refrigerant lines during installation of air conditioners, in laboratory freeze dryers, and vacuum experiments in physics. In the vane pump, the pumped gas and the oil are mixed within the pump, and so they must be separated externally. Therefore, the inlet and the outlet have a large chamber, perhaps with swirl, where the oil drops fall out of the gas. Sometimes the inlet has louvers cooled by the room air (the pump is usually 40 K hotter) to condense cracked pumping oil and water, and let it drop back into the inlet. When these pumps are used in high-vacuum systems (where the inflow of gas into the pump becomes very low), a significant concern is contamination of the entire system by molecular oil backstreaming.
Variable-displacement vane pump
One of the major advantages of the vane pump is that the design readily lends itself to become a variable-displacement pump, rather than a fixed-displacement pump such as a spur-gear (X-X) or a gerotor (I-X) pump. The centerline distance from the rotor to the eccentric ring is used to determine the pump's displacement. By allowing the eccentric ring to pivot or translate relative to the rotor, the displacement can be varied. It is even possible for a vane pump to pump in reverse if the eccentric ring moves far enough. However, performance cannot be optimized to pump in both directions. This can make for a very interesting hydraulic-control oil pump.
A variable-displacement vane pump is used as an energy-saving device and has been used in many applications, including automotive transmissions, for over 30 years.
Materials
Externals (head, casing) – cast iron, ductile iron, steel, brass, plastic, and stainless steel
Vane, pushrods – carbon graphite, PEEK
End plates – carbon graphite
Shaft seal – component mechanical seals, industry-standard cartridge mechanical seals, and magnetically driven pumps
Packing – available from some vendors, but not usually recommended for thin liquid service
See also
Guided-rotor compressor
Powerplus supercharger
References
External links
U.S. Patent of a Vane Pump
H. Eugene Bassett's articulated displacer compressor
Vane Pump Animation
Pumps
Canadian inventions |
Julius L. McCoy (February 21, 1932 – April 4, 2008) was an American basketball player. He was an All-American college player at Michigan State University and went on to become the all-time leading scorer in the Eastern Basketball Association (later known as the Continental Basketball Association).
McCoy played for Farrell High School in Farrell, Pennsylvania, where he led the team to the 1952 Pennsylvania State championship. He scored 1,471 career points for Farrell, a record that still stood at the time of his death in 2008. An undersized forward in high school, he was the tallest player on the 1952 squad at just over six feet tall.
He was recruited by Michigan State to play college football by then-assistant Duffy Daugherty, and chose the Spartans because he would have the opportunity to play basketball, which he ultimately chose to pursue. Nicknamed "Hooks" for the size of his hands, McCoy played for coach Pete Newell and was an immediate impact player as a sophomore. He averaged 18.6 points per game, a mark which dipped to 16.7 the following year. In his senior season, McCoy broke out, scoring 27.3 points per game – good for second in the Big Ten Conference behind Robin Freeman of Ohio State. At the close of his senior campaign, McCoy was named a third-team All-American by both the Associated Press and United Press International and was selected first-team All-Big Ten.
After the close of his college career, McCoy was drafted by the St. Louis Hawks in the 1956 NBA draft. However, he was also drafted into the U.S. Army and served in the military, resuming his basketball career with the Williamsport Billies of the Eastern Basketball Association (EBA) in 1958. He averaged 24.3 points in the 1958–59 season and earned EBA Rookie of the Year honors. He played twelve seasons in the league, primarily for the Billies and the Sunbury Mercuries, and was the all-time leading scorer in the league's history (prior to it becoming the Continental Basketball Association in 1977) and won the league MVP award in 1966. In 1995, McCoy was named to the CBA's 50th anniversary team.
After the conclusion of his playing career, McCoy served as a teacher and head boys' coach for John Harris High School in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania from 1971 to 1983. He then worked in the Pennsylvania Bureau of Transportation until his retirement in 2004. McCoy died of complications from diabetes on April 4, 2008, at age 76.
References
External links
College stats @ sports-reference.com
1932 births
2008 deaths
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball players
Basketball players from Pennsylvania
Basketball players from South Carolina
High school basketball coaches in Pennsylvania
Michigan State Spartans men's basketball players
People from Cheraw, South Carolina
People from Farrell, Pennsylvania
Shooting guards
Small forwards
St. Louis Hawks draft picks
Sunbury Mercuries players
Wilkes-Barre Barons players
Williamsport Billies (basketball) players |
Dzhalaturi () is a rural locality (a selo) in Amishtinsky Selsoviet, Khunzakhsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: There is 1 street in this selo.
Geography
It is located 15 km from Khunzakh (the district's administrative centre), 85 km from Makhachkala (capital of Dagestan) and 1,632 km from Moscow. Amishta is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Khunzakhsky District |
East Gate Square is a shopping center complex located along the border between Moorestown and Mount Laurel in New Jersey. East Gate Square is adjacent to the Moorestown Mall and is accessible from Interstate 295, Route 38, and Route 73.
The shopping complex consists of six buildings with a total of of retail space. The six shopping centers were developed by BPG Properties between 1992 and 2002, and the first one opened in 1993.
Buildings
Phase I –
Phase II –
Phase III –
Phase IV –
Phase V –
Phase VI –
References
External links
Buildings and structures in Burlington County, New Jersey
Moorestown, New Jersey
Mount Laurel, New Jersey
Shopping malls established in 1993
Shopping malls in New Jersey
1993 establishments in New Jersey |
is a Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party who serves as a member of the House of Councillors of Japan.
Career
Takemi used to be a professor of Tokai University whose main subject is international politics. He was first elected to a member of the House of Councillors on 23 July 1995. He served until July 2007, and was Vice Minister of Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of the Abe Cabinet from September 2006 until August 2007. Takemi narrowly lost his seat in 2007. In 2012, he returned to the House of Councillors, and he won reelection in 2013 and 2019.
He was a tutor of the .
In 2006, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan appointed Takemi to a High-level Panel on United Nations Systemwide Coherence, which was set up to explore how the United Nations system could work more coherently and effectively across the world in the areas of development, humanitarian assistance and the environment.
From 2012 to 2014, Takemi served on the High-Level Task Force for the International Conference on Population and Development, co-chaired by Joaquim Chissano and Tarja Halonen.
In March 2016, Takemi was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to the High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth, which was co-chaired by presidents François Hollande of France and Jacob Zuma of South Africa.
In June 2019, World Health Organization (WHO) Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus appointed Takemi as WHO Goodwill Ambassador for Universal Health Coverage. Since 2022, he has been a member of the Commission for Universal Health convened by Chatham House and co-chaired by Helen Clark and Jakaya Kikwete.
Personal life
His father was Taro Takemi, president of the Japan Medical Association.
References
External links
Official site (in Japanese)
Living people
1951 births
Politicians from Tokyo
Japanese political scientists
Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) politicians
Members of the House of Councillors (Japan)
Keio University alumni
Academic staff of Tokai University |
```xml
// Use to update maintenance state
export class UpdateMaintenance {
static readonly type = '[CDS] Update Maintenance';
constructor(public enable: boolean) { }
}
export class GetCDSStatus {
static readonly type = '[CDS] Get CDS Status';
constructor() { }
}
``` |
Tamsen McGarry (born 11 February 1982) is an Irish alpine skier. She competed in two events at the 2002 Winter Olympics. She was the first winter Olympian for Ireland.
References
External links
1982 births
Living people
Irish female alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Ireland
Alpine skiers at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from Bolton
People educated at Rathdown School |
Shaheed Ahsan Ullah Master Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Tongi, Gazipur.
Archery
Shaheed Ahsan Ullah Master Stadium served as the venue for the ISSF International Solidarity World Ranking Archery Championship. The stadium also hosted Bangladesh Archery Cup & 11th National Archery Championship in 2019.
Football
Uttar Baridhara Club using this stadium as their new home venue for 2021 Bangladesh Premier League. And Swadhinata KS using as a their home venue since 2021–22 season.
See also
Stadiums in Bangladesh
List of football stadiums in Bangladesh
References
Football venues in Bangladesh |
Stability constant may refer to:
Equilibrium constant
Acid dissociation constant
Stability constants of complexes |
"She Has to Be Loved" is a song by New Zealand singer-songwriter Jenny Morris. It was released in August 1989 as the second single from her second studio album, Shiver (1989). It became her most successful song in her home country, reaching number three on the RIANZ Singles Chart. It also entered the top five in Australia, reaching number five and becoming her highest-peaking hit there until 1991, when "Break in the Weather" reached number two.
Track listings
7-inch and cassette single
"She Has to Be Loved" – 4:05
"Conscience" – 2:32
12-inch single
"She Has to Be Loved" (extended mix) – 6:18
"She Has to Be Loved" – 4:05
"Conscience" – 2:32
Mini-CD single
"She Has to Be Loved" – 4:05
"Conscience" – 2:32
"She Has to Be Loved" (extended mix) – 6:18
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
External links
1989 songs
1989 singles
Capitol Records singles
Jenny Morris (musician) songs
Songs written by Andrew Farriss |
The 2010 Tonight Show conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving the American television network NBC and two of its late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno, over the timeslot and hosting duties of long-running franchise The Tonight Show.
Leno, the host of The Tonight Show since 1992, and O'Brien, host of Late Night since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for NBC for much of the decade. In 2001, when O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks, NBC agreed to extend his contract and eventually make him the fifth host of The Tonight Show. The network neglected to tell Leno about this arrangement until 2004, when they informed him that O'Brien would take over as host in five years. When that time arrived, in 2009, NBC tried to keep both of its late-night stars by offering Leno a nightly primetime show before the local news and O'Brien's Tonight Show.
The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien and The Jay Leno Show did not immediately receive strong ratings, and NBC affiliates complained of declining viewership. NBC Universal CEO Jeff Zucker, alongside NBC chairman Jeff Gaspin and executive Rick Ludwin, created a remedy: return Leno to his 11:35 pm ET start time and bump O'Brien a half-hour later, to 12:05 am ET. O'Brien and his staff were disappointed and furious; when it became clear O'Brien would not agree to the proposed changes, the situation grew heated. Though not a breach of either host's contract, the change resulted in a public outcry and public demonstrations largely in support of O'Brien.
O'Brien's public statement that he would not participate in the "destruction" of The Tonight Show led to negotiations with NBC for a settlement. O'Brien and his staff received (equivalent to about $ million in ) to walk away from the network, with his final Tonight Show airing January 22, 2010; Leno was reinstated as host that March, while after a contractual seven-month ban against appearing on television, O'Brien moved to TBS to host Conan. Leno returned to hosting The Tonight Show from 2010 until his retirement in 2014. The controversy surrounding the scheduling move and the reinstatement of Leno was described by media outlets as "embarrassing" and a "public relations disaster" for NBC.
Background
On May 25, 1991, Johnny Carson, host of NBC's The Tonight Show for nearly thirty years, announced his retirement and retired from the program a year later. NBC signed Jay Leno, Carson's "exclusive guest host", to become the program's fourth host upon Carson's exit. Carson clearly held the view that the position should be given to David Letterman, host of his own program, Late Night, which had directly followed Carson's Tonight Show for ten years. NBC tried to appease both stars, but Letterman left the network in a very public conflict that resulted in the creation of his own competing show on CBS, which began in 1993, Late Show with David Letterman. Letterman's show regularly won in the Nielsen ratings against Leno for two years which showed that another late-night program could compete, both in ratings and advertising profits, with The Tonight Show.
Leno's Tonight Show started rocky; prior to Letterman's move, NBC considered matching CBS's offer to allow Letterman to take over from Leno. Letterman beat Leno for nearly two years until August 1995, when Leno welcomed Hugh Grant, who had recently been arrested for soliciting a sex worker ("What the hell were you thinking?", Leno asked, to applause), to a previously-booked appearance on Tonight. From that point on, Leno beat Letterman in the ratings, and The Tonight Show with Jay Leno remained number one for the next fourteen years (for Leno's entire first stint as host).
NBC chose to continue the Late Night franchise, and at the suggestion of Saturday Night Live producer Lorne Michaels, hired Conan O'Brien, a relatively unknown writer for SNL and The Simpsons, to take over the time slot beginning in late 1993. Late Night with Conan O'Brien was constantly at risk for cancellation in its early years; at one low point in 1994, NBC put O'Brien on a 3-month contract. Executives were anxious to replace him with Greg Kinnear, who followed O'Brien with Later at 1:30 am, but Kinnear left to pursue a career in acting later on. Interns filled empty seats in O'Brien's audience while affiliates began to inquire about replacement hosts. Things improved for Late Night slowly (mostly revolving around O'Brien's performance) and by 1996, O'Brien's audience, largely young and male (a coveted demographic), grew steadily and the show began to beat competitors in the ratings, which it would continue to do for fifteen years.
A notable episode of O'Brien's tenure on Late Night came in early 1994 when Letterman asked to appear as a guest and say some kind words to him. O'Brien considered this the turning point of his entire career, which he mentioned while paying tribute to Letterman in an opening monologue of his own talk show on TBS, which aired the same night as Letterman's final show; O'Brien notably asked his viewers to turn him off and watch Letterman later on in the monologue.
Early history
Contract renewals (2001–2004)
Near the turn of the millennium, NBC's late-night lineup—Leno at 11:35, O'Brien at 12:35, and Saturday Night Live on the weekend—remained a leader in the ratings. By 2001, O'Brien's contract at NBC had less than a year left to run, and despite arguably "coming into his own" in the preceding years, the network was reluctant to pay him on the same scale as other late-night hosts. That year, competing network Fox mounted an "extended, comprehensive campaign" to lure O'Brien away from NBC, citing his appeal from a younger late night demographic. News Corporation chairman and CEO Peter Chernin pursued O'Brien personally, taking him and executive producer Jeff Ross to dinner on several occasions. Fox's plan involved making O'Brien the network's signature star: his program would begin thirty minutes before Leno's and Letterman's (the network's local news broadcasts aired earlier than other networks, allowing the head start) and he would receive cross-promotion via its animated programming block and on Sunday NFL games. Chernin also offered the host seven times his current pay (a jump from US$3 million to US$21 million). Ross, friends with NBC president and CEO Jeff Zucker, informed him that Fox was aggressively pursuing O'Brien; NBC returned with a more realistic offer, bumping up O'Brien's salary to US$8 million and renewing him through 2005.
While many of O'Brien's professional advisors and managers pushed for the Fox deal, O'Brien's desire to one day perhaps take over The Tonight Show after Leno made it a difficult decision. Numerous executives, including president Bob Wright, were optimistic that O'Brien would stay at NBC despite other networks being interested in signing him. Chernin warned O'Brien that waiting around for Leno to leave would be destructive to his late-night television career. Nevertheless, O'Brien signed a new deal with NBC in March 2002; the contract extended him through 2005 and most significantly contained a clause that solidified the official line of succession: If anything were to happen to Leno, O'Brien would step in. A year later, NBC broadcast O'Brien's tenth late night anniversary special in primetime. By the time Leno's contract again came up for renewal, a discussion would be needed regarding the future of The Tonight Show. The plan would extend Leno four additional years, after which he would give The Tonight Show to O'Brien.
In February 2004, NBC executive Marc Graboff informed Ross of the conversations, and he in turn ran the idea of waiting four more years to O'Brien, who was immediately receptive. Zucker, along with top late-night executive Rick Ludwin, met with Leno in March at his Burbank studio to discuss the contract extension, and explained NBC's stance on handing over the show to O'Brien. While Leno quietly felt both disappointed and befuddled, he noted he did not want to see himself and O'Brien go through the same dilemma he and Letterman faced twelve years earlier and agreed to the plans. His only request was that NBC wait to announce O'Brien as host until well after the extension was signed, to which the executives agreed. While Leno handled the news professionally, he soon headed to Tonight Show producer Debbie Vickers' office to let her know he felt as if he had just been fired. NBC's announcement of the renewal inevitably led to press speculation on O'Brien's fate; to that end, O'Brien and his team went with the charade, peppering interviews with unclear, vague statements on his future. On September 27, 2004, O'Brien officially signed on to become the next host of The Tonight Show; NBC allowed the first comment aside from the press release to come from Leno on that night's show. Leno compared The Tonight Show to a dynasty, stating "You hold it, and then you hand it off to the next person. And I don't want to see all the fighting and all the 'Who's better?' and nasty things back and forth in the press. So right now, here it is—Conan, it's yours! See you in five years, buddy!"
Losing Leno (2005–2008)
In private conversations, Leno likened his removal from The Tonight Show to the end of a relationship, noting that he was loyal and still ended up "heartbroken". From his perspective, NBC's decision made no sense, as his show had remained number one in ratings and consistently brought in money. He began frequently lamenting his confusion to producer Vickers, explaining that he was "sick of lying" when people inquired on his retirement. Eventually, Leno began mulling over his options after Tonight, telling his staff that after the transition, they could move to another network like ABC. His frustration with the situation came across in his nightly monologues, as more jokes regarding NBC's fourth-place position in the ratings, as well as jokes regarding the future transition, began to appear. While NBC executives tended to not worry in the immediate years following the decision, by 2007 Zucker began to ponder what losing Leno might mean for the network. Around this time, Fox and ABC began conveying interest and holding discreet conversations with Leno.
Among the offers made to Leno by NBC's competitors was from Sony Pictures Television for a syndicated program. In early 2008, Zucker began to make trips to the Burbank studio in an effort to keep Leno. He gave him numerous suggestions, including a Bob Hope-type deal (high-profile specials), a Sunday night primetime show, or even a nightly cable show on USA Network (owned by NBC Universal). Executives began to entertain an ideal solution—pay off O'Brien and retain Leno—but Zucker viewed the idea as "outrageous". By this time, NBC had already broken ground on a new studio for O'Brien's Tonight Show, renovating Stage 1 at the Universal Studios Lot in Universal City, for a reported US$50 million. During a spring lunch meeting with Ross, NBC Sports chief Dick Ebersol advised that O'Brien retire silly antics and focus more on pitching his show to middle America, which would involve stretching out his monologue. O'Brien, then a year away from inheriting The Tonight Show, was indeed lengthening his monologue, but viewed suggestions from Ludwin as largely unnecessary, desiring to put his own stamp on the show's tradition. By this point, O'Brien's high popularity at the time of the contract signing had gone down slightly. He had opted not to change his act to suit a more mainstream audience as NBC imagined he would, and CBS's Craig Ferguson, who occupied the post-Letterman slot as host of The Late Late Show, had begun to occasionally beat O'Brien in overall ratings. Though internal anxiety increased among executives, most tended to still support O'Brien.
Zucker's last resort for Leno was a nightly 10:00 pm program. He imagined a nightly Leno show in that timeslot could perhaps turn around NBC's primetime ratings decline. On December 8, 2008, Leno verbally agreed to stay at the network—producing a nightly 10:00 pm variety show titled The Jay Leno Show—and phoned ABC and Fox to inform them. Zucker and Ludwin planned to meet with O'Brien later to explain the deal, but as word leaked out to The New York Times, they decided to meet with him directly following that night's show. Following the meeting, Ross and O'Brien met with writers and mulled over the decision. O'Brien instantly felt uneasy, but as he was still in essence receiving The Tonight Show, he remained calm. The final Late Night with Conan O'Brien episode aired on February 20, 2009, followed by The Tonight Show with Jay Leno on May 29. Much of O'Brien's entire staff moved cross-country to Los Angeles to prepare his version of The Tonight Show. He and his staff threw themselves into developing the program, but remained concerned regarding NBC's commitment to the new Tonight Show incarnation. Meanwhile, senior-level executives at NBC predicted that Leno's show would be roundly beaten by hour-long dramas on competing networks and cable, dooming the network's experiment.
Ratings
The Tonight Show and The Jay Leno Show debut
The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien pulled in over nine million viewers to its June 1, 2009, premiere, doing extremely well in the coveted young demographics. Critics were generally very favorable; Tom Shales of The Washington Post, once critical of O'Brien, wrote that, "There's every indication that O'Brien will be up to the job of his illustrious predecessors." Each night, older audiences gradually turned off the program as it aired; seven episodes later, Letterman's show had edged above O'Brien's for the first time. While Zucker called O'Brien to reiterate that the generational change was expected, other executives were not as pleased. O'Brien and his team were not happy with the lack of promotion in the show's early weeks. Against the wishes of several PR executives, Zucker authorized a press release proclaiming O'Brien "the New King of Late Night", a move that attracted ridicule. Zucker later regretted the decision, and many at O'Brien's Tonight Show offices were displeased.
Over the following weeks, Zucker grew weary with O'Brien's performance and what he regarded as a booking of the wrong stars. When a controversy erupted over a joke Letterman told regarding politician Sarah Palin's family, Zucker eagerly pushed the O'Brien camp to bring her on their show, eyeing an opportunity to regain viewers and perhaps make it a turning point for a show not doing particularly well. O'Brien disliked the idea, finding it pandering to viewers that would alienate fans and the press, as well as hurt his relationship with Letterman. Meanwhile, Letterman continued to score higher ratings than O'Brien with regularity; his fall interview with U.S. President Barack Obama topped The Tonight Show by almost 5 million viewers, and the next week, a scandal involving attempted extortion and personal affairs made Letterman the talk of the country. By August, The Tonight Show was still losing to Letterman in total viewers, but, owing to O'Brien's appeal to a young audience, maintained its lead in the touted demographics.
The Jay Leno Show premiered on September 14, 2009, featuring guests Jerry Seinfeld and Kanye West, shortly after West's infamous incident with Taylor Swift at the MTV Video Music Awards. The program racked up 17.7 million viewers, doing much better than O'Brien's Tonight Show debut in both overall numbers and young demographics. Some critics were harsh with Leno's program, with many viewing it as a rehash of the show he had just left. Mary McNamara of the Los Angeles Times said one of its sponsors' commercials was funnier than the show itself, saying, "This is the future of television? This wasn't even a good rendition of television past." By the show's second week, which saw it airing directly opposite season premieres, The Jay Leno Show saw its audience size fall to five million viewers. As the weeks wore on, producer Vickers noticed that NBC's plan—to save the best segments, such as Leno's signature "Headlines", for last in order to provide a strong lead-in for local news—was possibly hurting the program. One month in, Leno often only made third place, and executives became more uneasy.
Slipping numbers
Ratings for NBC affiliates' local news broadcasts at 11:00 pm began to slip by mid-October, especially on NBC owned-and-operated stations in the largest markets, creating high anxiety for the network. The Tonight Show still retained a slightly higher share of the coveted 18–34 demographic against Letterman, but saw those numbers slip even more when The Jay Leno Show began. Affiliates began to complain, and in addition to a domino effect on the local news, O'Brien, and his 12:30 am successor, Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, the disastrous ratings for Leno had damaged NBC's existing primetime lineups. This cascading effect caused by the lowered 10:00 pm lead-in was so significant that local NBC affiliate news viewership fell an average of twenty-five percent nationwide, with the decline in some markets being as high as fifty percent. By November, two months after the debut of The Jay Leno Show, ratings for The Tonight Show were brought down "roughly two million viewers a night year-to-year" from when Leno hosted the program. Clearing the 10 pm time period for Leno also damaged relations with the producers of scripted shows that previously occupied that slot, such as Dick Wolf of Law & Order. Leno offered an October 29 interview to Broadcasting & Cable where he stated he would return to his original 11:35 time slot if offered by NBC. When O'Brien's sidekick and announcer Andy Richter called the move less than "classy" in a chat with TV Squad, Leno called Ludwin to complain.
As most programs went into repeats in December, Leno's staff, notably Vickers, had focused on grabbing big-name guests for that month in an effort to save The Jay Leno Show; these efforts were cut short when she was informed they had "until the end of November". Affiliates began calling the network to inquire about the show's fate, and research analysis revealed O'Brien's drastically reduced median age for The Tonight Show—age 56 to 46—could possibly reflect that he was too "niche" for the earlier time. Any effort to take Leno off the air was halted by his contract, which had a highly unusual "pay-and-play" provision, in contrast to the typical "pay-or-play" agreement, which guaranteed NBC would both air his program and pay him for up to two years. On November 6, NBC chairman Jeff Gaspin received an email from the sales division with a suggestion to cancel O'Brien and reinstate Leno as host of The Tonight Show. Upon Gaspin's legal interpretation of Leno's contract, the option to simply move Leno back to The Tonight Show became relevant. When very poor ratings came in for the November sweeps period, affiliates became alarmed, and NBC board members demanded something be done regarding the 10:00 pm lead-in.
If something were not done by January, the affiliates reasoned, they would instate syndicated programming or move up their news broadcasts and pre-empt The Jay Leno Show. Ludwin, Gaspin, and Zucker kicked around possible solutions for their dilemma, such as cutting Leno to a few nights per week. In an attempt to alleviate the situation, Vickers moved the most popular comedy segments to the second act of The Jay Leno Show, moving their "10 at 10" segment later in the broadcast. Gaspin again received the suggestion to put Leno back at 11:35, and soon began working on a plan to cut The Jay Leno Show to a half-hour, leading into Conan's Tonight Show around midnight. From their perspective, the biggest casualty in this scenario would be Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, which would get bumped to 1 am. The reconfigured lineup could start in March 2010, following NBC's coverage of the Winter Olympics. Zucker preferred a plan for Leno to include an occasional guest and comedy piece, while Ebersol favored returning to the way it once was, with Leno at 11:35 and O'Brien at 12:35. Gaspin laid out his plan to Zucker one week before Christmas, but both agreed to wait it out for the new year, as to not "ruin anybody's holiday season".
Conflict
Proposed changes
The plan moved forward after confirmation that O'Brien's contract did not guarantee a strict 11:35pm start time (a loophole included primarily to accommodate sports pre-emptions and specials such as the network's New Year coverage). Gaspin planned to disclose the news to Leno first, and then, if all went well, inform O'Brien the following week. When Gaspin laid out the proposal to Leno and Vickers, the response was positive, even though they questioned how such a plan would work. While Leno embraced the plan, Vickers was unnerved; without a guest or music act, she might have no studio audience, which could have disastrous consequences for Leno. After his January 6 show, O'Brien met with manager Gavin Polone to share his thoughts regarding the ratings: "I just think [Leno] is going to hurt me in some way."
News regarding Leno leaked to pop culture site FTV Live by the following morning, which was then picked up by national publications, including the Los Angeles Times and The New York Times. Gaspin scheduled an immediate meeting with Ross and O'Brien as soon as they arrived and explained the proposed changes. Following the tense fifteen-minute meeting, O'Brien and Ross returned to the Tonight studio. TMZ reported on the story with a headline reading, "NBC Shakeup; Jay Leno Comes Out on Top." O'Brien called an emergency staff meeting and assured all that they had not been canceled and all would be fine.
By the following morning, O'Brien and Ross determined that they would have to leave NBC, and O'Brien opened that night's show with, "We've got a great show for you tonight—I have no idea when it will air, but it's gonna be a great show." Polone viewed the move as a reactionary one by Zucker, concluding that he was acting in self-preservation, since NBC Universal owner General Electric was in the process of negotiating the sale of a controlling interest in the company to cable operator Comcast. When a story ran that night on The New York Times website that Fox had an "overt interest" in O'Brien and was not going along with the plan, Zucker reasoned that Polone was to blame. The situation became heated when Zucker placed a call to O'Brien's agent, Rick Rosen, inquiring on the story and demanding an immediate answer from the O'Brien camp. Gaspin spoke about the situation at a previously scheduled press conference that Sunday, noting that, "I obviously couldn't satisfy either with 100 percent of what they wanted. That's why I came up with this compromise." Zucker, upon hearing that O'Brien still did not take the proposal well, threatened Rosen, saying "I'm going to tell you right now that I can pay him or play him. I can ice you guys." On the following Monday's show, O'Brien continued jokes on the subject; responding to thunderous applause, he joked, "You keep that up, and this monologue won't start until 12:05."
"People of Earth"
Rosen suggested that O'Brien's camp hire litigation lawyer Patty Glaser to help grasp the situation. Following discussions on Leno's contract during a post-show conference, Glaser turned her attention to O'Brien for his opinion. He expressed his desire to write a statement describing his feelings on the matter, and after hearing what he would possibly say in such a statement, Glaser agreed to the idea, although Ross was initially reluctant.
O'Brien's press release went out mid-day on January 12, which he addressed to "People of Earth":
For 60 years the Tonight Show has aired immediately following the late local news. I sincerely believe that delaying the Tonight Show into the next day to accommodate another comedy program will seriously damage what I consider to be the greatest franchise in the history of broadcasting. The Tonight Show at 12:05 simply isn't the Tonight Show. [ ... ] So it has come to this: I cannot express in words how much I enjoy hosting this program and what an enormous personal disappointment it is for me to consider losing it. My staff and I have worked unbelievably hard and we are very proud of our contribution to the legacy of The Tonight Show. But I cannot participate in what I honestly believe is its destruction.
Public and media reaction to the press release was positive, with The New York Times stating O'Brien held Leno "personally responsible" for this conflict. On the January 13th episode, Conan said in his monologue that "hosting The Tonight Show has been the fulfillment of a lifelong dream for me. And I just want to say to the kids out there watching, you can do anything you want in life. Unless Jay Leno wants to do it, too." Following the joke, Leno called Gaspin, asking, "Why the fuck am I giving up a half hour for this guy?" Conversations changed to focus on what O'Brien would require to resolve the matter, and parties began to discuss a settlement.
Reaction and media coverage
Public support for O'Brien
Public reaction was overwhelmingly in favor of O'Brien during the conflict. In the days following the switch announcement, research of Twitter posts expressed support for O'Brien. Over one million people joined the two most prominent Facebook groups supporting O'Brien: "Team Conan" and "I'm With Coco", referring to an on-air nickname applied to O'Brien by actor Tom Hanks during his Tonight Show reign. Artist Mike Mitchell designed a poster similar of the Obama "Hope" poster, showing O'Brien superimposed with an American flag in the background and the caption "I'm With Coco". The poster was widely circulated and displayed online and at various rallies. The color orange also became the choice of color for O'Brien fans, referencing his light orange hair. O'Brien's overnight ratings began to shoot up (much to NBC's chagrin), and the viral support for O'Brien only increased by the week of his final shows.
Rallies in support of O'Brien were organized outside NBC studios across the U.S., notably in Los Angeles, Chicago, Seattle, and New York City. O'Brien briefly appeared at a January 18 rally outside the Tonight Show studio, after which he gave the crowd free pizza. Andy Richter and Tonight Show drummer Max Weinberg also made an appearance during the rally to speak to the crowd from atop the studio, and Tonight Show Band trombonist Richie "La Bamba" Rosenberg was driven around the crowd in a Popemobile-style vehicle. American Red Cross representatives were at a number of the rallies to collect money for the Haiti earthquake relief.
Many in Hollywood, including actors, comedians, and media personalities expressed support for O'Brien. Saturday Night Lives Seth Meyers addressed the controversy on the program's Weekend Update segment, joking that the conflict showed that "you don't need Cinemax to see someone get screwed on TV", and then proceeding to defend O'Brien.
Criticism of Leno
Leno faced heated criticism and increasing negative publicity for his perceived role in the timeslot conflict, with some critics predicting that his reputation—along with those of Zucker and NBC—had been permanently damaged by the incident. Critics pointed to the 2004 Tonight Show clip wherein Leno claimed he would allow O'Brien to take over without incident. Actor and comedian Patton Oswalt was among the first celebrities to openly voice disappointment with Leno, saying, "Comedians who don't like Jay Leno now, and I'm one of them, we're not like, 'Jay Leno sucks;' it's that we're so hurt and disappointed that one of the best comedians of our generation… willfully has shut the switch off." Rosie O'Donnell was among O'Brien's most vocal and vehement supporters, calling Leno a "bully". Radio personality Howard Stern was a harsh critic of Leno before and after the timeslot change announcement; in a 2006 appearance on Late Night, Stern told O'Brien that he felt it was unlikely that Leno would ever willingly give up Tonight to anyone. The 67th Golden Globe Awards, which NBC aired on January 17 during O'Brien's settlement negotiations, featured numerous jokes on the controversy by Tina Fey and Tom Hanks, as well as show host Ricky Gervais who quipped, "Let's get on with it before NBC replaces me with Jay Leno."
Commentators also faulted Leno for what they perceived as a disingenuous attempt on the host's part to forge an "everyman" persona in the way he carried himself throughout the controversy. During the episode of The Jay Leno Show that aired after it was made public that Leno had been offered the 11:35 time slot back, Leno portrayed himself as an ingenuous employee merely following NBC's instructions, making a point of stating, "I don't have a manager, I don't have an agent" and referring to his preference of making direct, "handshake" deals.
In an essay for The Wall Street Journal, Nathan Rabin wrote that the response to Leno's role was "quick, vitriolic and widespread." Bill Zehme, the co-author of Leno's autobiography Leading with My Chin, told the Los Angeles Times, "The thing Leno should do is walk, period. He's got everything to lose in terms of public popularity by going back. People will look at him differently. He'll be viewed as the bad guy." Joe Queenan from The Wall Street Journal went further in his criticism of Leno, jokingly comparing the controversy to Adolf Hitler's annexation of Czechoslovakia.
David Letterman was one of the more adamant critics of NBC and Leno's handling of the conflict. He noted that, "We went through our own version of this seventeen, eighteen years ago", and he ridiculed Leno's recent "state of the network address", wherein Leno pleaded for viewers not to "blame Conan", with Letterman noting, "In the thousands and thousands of words that have been printed about this mess, who has blamed Conan?"
Jon Stewart of Comedy Central's The Daily Show reflected on the controversy, saying, "At least we don't have to deal with Jeff Zucker. That guy's like the Cheney of television, shooting shows in the face." Stewart also shouted "Team Conan" as his "Moment of Zen" at the end of the January 21 episode of The Daily Show. Stephen Colbert of Comedy Central's The Colbert Report asked guest Morgan Freeman to read a list of "untrustworthy things", one of which paraphrased a statement made by Leno in 2004, "Conan: The 11:30 slot? Yours."
Jimmy Kimmel, host of the ABC late night show Jimmy Kimmel Live!, donned a gray wig and fake chin to perform his entire January 12 show in character as Leno. With his bandleader Cleto Escobedo parodying Leno's bandleader Kevin Eubanks, Kimmel began his monologue with, "It's good to be here on ABC. Hey, Cleto, you know what ABC stands for? Always Bump Conan." He also referenced the "People of Earth" letter, noting how O'Brien declined to participate in the "destruction" of The Tonight Show, commenting as Leno that, "Fortunately, though, I will! I'll burn it down if I have to!" Leno called Kimmel the next morning to discuss the bit, and at the end of the call, Leno suggested Kimmel come over and appear on his show. When his booking department called to confirm his appearance on a "10 at 10" segment (in which Leno asked ten questions to a guest appearing remotely via satellite), Kimmel agreed immediately. When he received the questions for his January 14 appearance—such as "What's your favorite snack junk food?"—he realized Leno intended to neutralize the scathing parody and paint the two as friends. Despite the questions, Kimmel used the segment to criticize Leno for his role in the Tonight Show conflict.
Neutrality of Jimmy Fallon
The only late night host who remained neutral was Jimmy Fallon, calling O'Brien and Leno "two of my heroes and two of my friends". He later joked that, "There's been three hosts of Late Night: David Letterman, Conan O'Brien, and me. And if there's one thing I've learned from Dave and Conan, it's that hosting this show is a one-way ticket to not hosting The Tonight Show." Ironically, four years later, Fallon was selected to replace the retiring Leno as host of The Tonight Show in February 2014.
Defense of Leno and criticism of O'Brien
Speaking to The Hollywood Reporter, Jerry Seinfeld rebuffed the idea that NBC deserved blame and chastised O'Brien for pointing fingers:
"What did the network do to him?" Seinfeld asked. "I don't think anyone's preventing people from watching Conan. Once they give you the cameras, it's on you. I can't blame NBC for having to move things around. I hope Conan stays, I think he's terrific. But there's no rules in show business, there's no [referees]."
Jim Norton, who was a frequent contributor to Leno's shows, touched on the controversy repeatedly in interviews and on The Opie & Anthony Show, calling the harsh criticism of Leno "amazing" and suggesting that Leno declining to walk away after stating otherwise was no worse than O'Brien "actually trying to force Jay out by telling the agents, 'If Conan doesn't get The Tonight Show, he's leaving the network.'" Chris Rock defended Leno during a 2010 interview on The Howard Stern Show, claiming "Leno did not fuck over Conan" and that "Conan was screwed by his management and his agent" by accepting Leno's 10:00pm show as O'Brien's lead-in.
Numerous NBC executives defended both Leno and Zucker, with NBC Sports chairman Dick Ebersol being especially vocal about his support. Calling Leno's detractors "chicken-hearted and gutless," he summarized the late-night situation as an "astounding failure" by O'Brien. Leno himself was among O'Brien's harshest critics, calling his numbers "destructive to the franchise".
Settlement
Negotiations
Discussions neared completion regarding a financial settlement by January 14, and were expected to be in place following O'Brien's final week of shows—January 18–22—a concession O'Brien pushed to give his program a proper farewell. Movement on the settlement slowed when run by GE executives, then-owners of NBC Universal. NBC had several requests, among those that he not bring Howard Stern on the show his final week and that they see the show's final week of scripts. Talks for much of the rest of the week went nowhere, and a Saturday New York Post story ran claiming that O'Brien's staff felt "betrayed" by his actions, as they did not understand his refusal to accept the 12:05 timeslot in order to keep their jobs and was driven by egocentric concerns. O'Brien was infuriated by the story, which he assumed to be a direct plant from NBC, as nearly all of his staff agreed that he should leave the network. He was personally appalled that the network challenged his character, as stressing severance for his employees was enormously important to him (he had paid them out of his own pocket during the writers' strike three years earlier).
NBC added more requests, which the O'Brien camp refused as unreasonable, such as the right to pull any of his final shows if the network objected to the content (e.g., a joke about the conflict/NBC). GE chairman Jeffrey Immelt questioned why they were paying so much for a performer destined to run to another network. Negotiations continued into O'Brien's final week; he could not confirm on-air it was indeed his final week of shows, which produced difficulty in booking the guests he desired for his final show. On January 19, multiple media outlets reported that O'Brien and NBC were close to signing a deal between US$30 and US$40 million for the host to walk away from the network. O'Brien signed the agreement that night, and the next day, its terms were made public.
In all, O'Brien received a US$45 million deal to leave NBC. He received pay for the remaining two years of his contract (amounting to US$33 million), with additional payments to Ross, Richter, and bandleader Max Weinberg. The severance pay for his staff was around US$12 million, which O'Brien had stressed. O'Brien paid around fifty stagehands and various crew members at least six weeks severance pay out of his own pocket, as NBC gave those particular staffers nothing in the settlement. The International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees said that they were "very happy" with how O'Brien treated their union members during the conflict. The contract contained a clause prohibiting O'Brien from making negative remarks about NBC for a certain amount of time; it did not, however, contain the previously rumored "mitigation clause", in which NBC would be able to keep some of the severance pay after O'Brien found a new network. It stipulated that he could return to television on another network no earlier than September 1, 2010.
Final week
The conflict only provided more comedy material for O'Brien's Tonight Show during its final episodes. Among other bits, O'Brien put the show up for sale on Craigslist, and then himself; looked back at clips from the show's seven-month tenure that were dubbed "Classic Tonight Show Moments"; and designed a bit to seem as though he were spending absurd amounts of NBC's money, such as customizing a Bugatti Veyron, playing audio and video clips with expensive rebroadcast rights, and using a purported "rare ground sloth" to spray Beluga caviar on what was presented as an original Picasso. Because the segments aired in days immediately following the 2010 Haiti earthquake while national fundraising efforts (including some spearheaded by NBC) were ongoing, O'Brien received criticism for wasting resources. In response to the outcry over the expense of these sketches, O'Brien explained that the segments were indeed jokes, and many of the props were either counterfeits or borrowed in exchange for promotional consideration.
The guest roster for O'Brien's final show on January 22—Tom Hanks, Steve Carell and original first guest Will Ferrell—was regarded by O'Brien as a "dream lineup"; in addition, Neil Young performed his song "Long May You Run" and, as the show closed, was joined by O'Brien, Beck, Ferrell (dressed as Ronnie Van Zant), Billy Gibbons, Ben Harper, Viveca Paulin, and The Tonight Show Band to perform the Lynyrd Skynyrd song "Free Bird".
In his final moments on air, O'Brien stated that between Saturday Night Live, Late Night and The Tonight Show, he had worked for NBC for over twenty years, and he was "enormously proud of the work [they] have done together". He then thanked NBC for the first time since announcing his intention to quit. O'Brien said his decision to quit as host was "the hardest thing [he] ever had to do". He praised and gave thanks to his staff, and thanked his fans for their overwhelming support. He ended the show by offering heartfelt advice to his viewers in his farewell address, stating:
All I ask of you is one thing ... I ask this particularly of the young people who watch. Please don't be cynical. I hate cynicism. For the record, it's my least favorite quality and it doesn't lead anywhere. Nobody in life gets exactly what they thought they were going to get. But if you work really hard and you're kind, amazing things will happen. I'm telling you, amazing things will happen.
Following the taping, the studio set was used one final time for a party thrown by staff. O'Brien's monologue spot from the floor was framed and signed by his staff as a gift. 10.3 million people watched the final episode of The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien, a notably high number for live late-night viewing and on a Friday night. The final episode scored a 7.0 household rating and a 4.4 rating in the 18–49 demo. Not only did O'Brien's final show beat all late night competition, it outscored all prime time shows in the 18–49 demo from that night and the night before. The network confirmed that Leno would officially resume as host of The Tonight Show on March 1, and reruns from O'Brien's time as host aired until NBC began airing the Winter Olympics on February 15.
Leno's first Tonight Show back pulled in 6.6 million viewers, and his margin over Letterman again held for much of the rest of his run until his second Tonight Show departure in 2014. While his numbers were down from his original incarnation of The Tonight Show, "It's as if a collective erase button was pushed", said Robert Thompson, professor of television at Syracuse University, "with the usual suspects back in their usual locations—except Conan is gone."
Impact
According to NBC, if O'Brien continued hosting, it would have been the first year that The Tonight Show would have actually lost money, which Leno later contended was damaging to the franchise. This assertion was scorned by skeptical critics, as it was calculated that Conan's Tonight Show would have made significantly more money in advertising than Leno's show did, due to his more favorable youth demographic numbers. In addition, higher production costs and higher salaries would have by all accounts made Leno's Tonight Show more costly. O'Brien and Ross also challenged this notion, concluding that to arrive at such a calculation, NBC must have included the cost of building the new studio and offices, as well as startup costs. At NBC, most young employees tended to support O'Brien and joined the "I'm with Coco" Facebook groups; NBC later asked all employees to rescind their membership in any O'Brien-supporting pages. Similar action came when NBC removed reruns of O'Brien's The Tonight Show from NBC.com and Hulu.
Gaspin was happy with the settlement, but nevertheless agreed with one of O'Brien's points—that his show had no time to grow: "Could it have grown? Absolutely ... We just couldn't give him the time." Zucker, in an interview with Charlie Rose, defended his strategy but noted that both moving Leno to primetime and giving O'Brien the Tonight Show was a mistake. In addition, he stated that he received death threats due his role in the conflict. Zucker, who had known O'Brien since their days at Harvard University and was very close friends with Ross, was very disappointed with how events played out, although he viewed it as necessary. Leno, in an attempt to repair his public perception, granted an interview to Oprah Winfrey on January 25; he stripped himself of any blame for O'Brien's disappointment, noting that it was all about ratings, and also confirmed that he told a "white lie" in 2004 when he guaranteed The Tonight Show to O'Brien. In a reference to a 2007 Super Bowl commercial starring Letterman and Winfrey (the two had feuded for years prior), Letterman, Leno, and Winfrey all appeared in a spot airing during Super Bowl XLIV in February 2010. The ad—Letterman's idea—was the first time the late-night hosts had met since their own 1992 debacle. In it, Letterman and Leno sit on opposite sides of Winfrey watching the game; Letterman deems it "the worst Super Bowl party ever" due to Leno's inclusion, and Winfrey tells him to "be nice", resulting in Leno quipping, "Oh, he's just saying that 'cause I'm here." The clip stirred a frenzy, with commentators speculating that Leno had been "green-screened" into the picture.
Letterman had initially wanted O'Brien to be in the promo as well, but O'Brien firmly rejected it, saying, "No fucking way I'm doing that. It's not a joke to me—it's real." O'Brien was sure his agreement prohibited television appearances for several months, but gathered NBC would be only too happy to allow him a one-time reprieve for the ad, as it was to improve Leno's image. O'Brien, by this point, was planning a live tour with his staff that would take him on the road, and had also created a Twitter account. After about one hour online, O'Brien's number of Twitter followers had rocketed past the 30,000 followers of the official Jay Leno account, and he held over 300,000 followers in under 24 hours; he surpassed the one million mark in May 2010. Many speculated that O'Brien would sign a deal with Fox for a late-night program; Comedy Central and HBO had also expressed interest in O'Brien. Fox's deal moved slowly and they eventually withdrew their offer due to station resistance, the daunting financial investment, and opposition from Roger Ailes.
O'Brien eventually signed with cable network TBS in April, with his next program, Conan, set to debut in November. The move prompted industry surprise; online blog Vulture commented that, "Conan will now be featured as a lead-in for Lopez Tonight on TBS. It's not just basic cable, it's unsexy basic cable." His nationwide comedy tour, The Legally Prohibited from Being Funny on Television Tour, began on April 12 and ran through June 14. A documentary shot during that time, Conan O'Brien Can't Stop, as well as a May 60 Minutes interview, prompted some observers to deem him "whiny". Vanity Fair James Wolcott said O'Brien "came off as a peevish straw of nervous energy ... a self-involved chatterbox."
As NBC could have potentially retained intellectual property originating from O'Brien's entire seventeen-year tenure with the network, O'Brien simply changed names on the tour (turning his character, the Masturbating Bear, into the "Self-Pleasuring Panda"). The Washington Post later reported that retaining the characters was "not a key issue for O'Brien".
Aftermath
Conan premiered in November 2010 to 4 million viewers, leading all late-night talk shows and more than tripling the audience of its direct competition, The Daily Show and The Colbert Report on Comedy Central. However, ratings quickly fell; by the following fall, the show averaged 1 million viewers in the 18–49 demographic. In an effort to bolster ratings, TBS secured the cable syndication rights to The Big Bang Theory at a reported US$2 million per episode to serve as a lead-in to Conan three nights a week. Steve Koonin of Turner Entertainment stated in 2012 that Conan is the "centerpiece of TBS". The Hollywood Reporter credited it with forging "a digital empire, his company's own shows and a young audience TBS hopes will follow him anywhere." TBS announced in May 2017 they renewed the show through 2022. However, despite the show renewal, it was announced in November 2020 that the show would end in June 2021, with O'Brien producing a weekly variety show for HBO Max. His final show aired on June 24, 2021, with a montage of clips from his shows along with an extended farewell monologue.
Many of the executives involved in the botched transition subsequently left NBC. Zucker was fired by Comcast Executive Vice President Steve Burke, but he stressed that Comcast's insistence to install their own team was the reason. West Coast business operations executive Marc Graboff opted to leave his contract early, as did programming executive Jeff Gaspin. While O'Brien admitted in 2012 that he occasionally still felt resentment over the events that transpired, he noted that "I had an amazing partnership with NBC and was very disappointed at the outcome". In a 2010 issue of TV Guide, the timeslot conflict ranked No. 1 on a list of TV's biggest "blunders".
A wax likeness of O'Brien that had been commissioned by NBC Universal from Madame Tussauds and unveiled during a December 2009 episode of The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien was quietly returned to the Madame Tussauds museum on Hollywood Boulevard. The figure had originally been intended to permanently reside in the "NBC Universal Experience" theme park attraction. A remote segment produced a few months into O'Brien's TBS show saw the host humorously reuniting with the wax statue.
On October 5, 2011, O'Brien returned to 30 Rockefeller Plaza for a surprise, scripted appearance on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon to ceremonially retrieve the Triumph the Insult Comic Dog puppet from the studio after NBC had finally granted him the rights to use the character on TBS's Conan. During the two-and-a-half minute bit, O'Brien and Fallon joked about the controversy when Fallon said, "You were [host of Late Night] for sixteen years. Then what happened?" to which O'Brien laughed and said, "Don't you worry about that. You're a young guy."
During his 2012 appearance on the Late Show with David Letterman, O'Brien made it clear that he held no animosity toward NBC, pointing out that the individual executives he clashed with had departed the network shortly after he did due to a regime change. Indeed, O'Brien would occasionally show clips from his NBC shows on his TBS program with NBC's permission, and the network also allowed the character of Triumph the Insult Comic Dog to appear on the TBS show as well, with Triumph's performer Robert Smigel explaining that NBC only stands to gain by allowing him to give their property exposure. In an interview on CNN's Piers Morgan Live, also in 2012, O'Brien acknowledged that in retrospect the plan to engineer a transition for The Tonight Show five years in advance was "absurd," though he noted that he never anticipated Leno's ratings would fall in that interim, as the press had sometimes intimated, and he pointed out that all previous Tonight Show hosts had departed when they were on top in the ratings.
In 2013, O'Brien was the headline performer invited to give remarks at the White House Correspondents' Dinner, and the Tonight Show controversy was humorously alluded to throughout the evening. During his own speech, President Barack Obama quipped, "I understand that when the Correspondents' Association was considering Conan for this gig, they were faced with that age-old dilemma: Do you offer it to him now, or wait for five years and then give it to Jimmy Fallon?" Later that year, O'Brien was chosen to host Carson on TCM, a series that re-aired classic interviews from The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.
In 2014, Leno was interviewed for a 60 Minutes episode that focused on the host's second and permanent departure from The Tonight Show desk. Leno expressed to Steve Kroft that he had been "blindsided" in 2004 when NBC executives asked him to relinquish The Tonight Show in five years' time, though he admitted that he had accepted the decision with no argument or inquiry. During a 2015 interview with Howard Stern, O'Brien explained that he prefers to avoid talking about the "craziness," stating that people in show business shouldn't complain. He also claimed that even in hindsight he does not regret doing five more years of Late Night instead of moving to Fox, nor does he regret his incarnation of The Tonight Show.
Leno hosted his second reincarnation of The Tonight Show until February 2014, when Jimmy Fallon took over the hosting duties. Fallon's credibility with younger viewers and presence online was why NBC instituted the change, which was announced only three years following O'Brien's departure. During the show that aired the day of the announcement, O'Brien congratulated Fallon, stating, "Jimmy is the perfect guy to do it, and he's gonna do a fantastic job." Though NBC had made a considerable effort to scrub any references to O'Brien's brief tenure as The Tonight Show host both on-air and online, with one former blogger for NBC Sports noting a corporate policy banning any mention of O'Brien, it was acknowledged by the network during the buildup to the 2014 transition from Leno to Fallon. A brief shot of O'Brien walking onto his Tonight set was displayed in an on-air promo chronicling the franchise's history, and Fallon referenced the conflict on his first Tonight Show episode, when he opened the show by joking:
I'm Jimmy Fallon, and I'll be your host—for now. Of course, I wouldn't be here tonight if it weren't for the previous Tonight Show hosts, so I want to say thank you to Steve Allen, Jack Paar, Johnny Carson, Jay Leno, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.
Leno appeared on The Arsenio Hall Show on February 26, 2014, as a surprise guest to deliver the news that the revived program had been renewed by CBS Television Distribution for a second season. This proved to be premature, however, as Hall's program was indeed canceled on May 30, 2014.
Comedian Bill Maher paid tribute to Leno when he was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame, an honor bestowed upon the host in 2014 when he stepped down from The Tonight Show a second time. A longtime friend of Leno, Maher complained that Leno was "victimized" by the press during the NBC fiasco. When he took over Tonight, Fallon insisted that Leno is welcome to appear on the show anytime he wishes, saying, "Whenever he wants, he's got a stage." Leno made his first appearance as a guest on November 7, 2014, and later appeared on Late Night with Seth Meyers and The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson.
On February 13, 2015, Robert Smigel appeared in character as Triumph the Insult Comic Dog on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon to promote The Jack and Triumph Show. As the controversy grew distant with time, formal acknowledgement of O'Brien's lengthy career at NBC became more common by the network. In 2017, mention was made of the host in NBC's 90th Anniversary Special, and a display for him among all Tonight Show hosts appears in the ride queue of the Race Through New York Starring Jimmy Fallon theme park attraction at Universal Studios Florida.
In conjunction with his 25th anniversary as a late-night host, it was announced that O'Brien, TBS and NBC had come to an arrangement that would allow the entirety of O'Brien's late night archive (with the exception of musical performances, which posed music licensing issues), totaling over four thousand episodes, to become available in January 2019 via a state-of-the-art website dubbed "Conan 25". The launch would have marked the first time O'Brien's NBC programs were made legally available since The Tonight Show conflict. On June 15, 2021, in one of the final episodes of Conan, guest Martin Short alluded to the controversy by asking O'Brien if his to-be-announced guest for the final week was going to be Leno. After a surprised reaction from the audience and laughter from O'Brien and Richter, O'Brien jokingly responds that they asked Leno, but he wouldn't pick up the phone.
See also
1992 Tonight Show conflict
The War for Late Night, a book by Bill Carter about the conflict
References
Sources
2010 in American television
Conan O'Brien
David Letterman
Jay Leno
Jimmy Fallon
National Broadcasting Company
Television controversies in the United States
Tonight Show |
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The Zlast is a left tributary of the river Amaradia in Romania. It flows into the Amaradia close to its confluence with the Jiu, near Iași-Gorj. Its length is and its basin size is .
References
Rivers of Romania
Rivers of Gorj County |
Victor John Yannacone is an environmental attorney who played a role in campaigns to ban DDT in the United States and expose the effects of Agent Orange on Vietnam veterans. He was known for using the motto "sue the bastards."
References
External links
Link to 1993 Interview transcript
Brief biographical sketch
Beginnings of EDF campaign with Charles Wurster
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American environmentalists
New York (state) lawyers
People from Patchogue, New York
People from Yaphank, New York |
Juan Carlos Méndez Guédez (born March 2, 1967 in Barquisimeto, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan writer. From an early age, he and his family moved to Caracas, where he lived in the popular area of Los Jardines del Valle, but always kept a close connection with his native hometown. He earned a Bachelor of Arts from the Central University of Venezuela with a thesis on poetry groups "Traffic" and "Guaire". Later, he earned a Ph.D. in Hispanic American Literature from the University of Salamanca with a thesis on the Venezuelan writer José Balza.
He has published fifteen books including novels, volumes of short stories and essays. He lives in Spain, a country where he has written and published most of his work. His work has been included in several anthologies in Spanish as Líneas aéreas and Pequeñas resistencias and some of his stories have been published in Switzerland, France, Bulgaria, Italy, Slovenia and the United States.
In Venezuela, his texts are part of two recent short story anthologies: Las voces secretas, published by Alfaguara, and 21 del XXI, that was commercially released by Ediciones B.
He has been invited to several important international literary events such as the International Guadalajara Book Fair, the Fair of Santiago de Chile, the Madrid eñe Festival, and has lectured at universities and institutions in Algeria, Colombia, Croatia, Spain, France, Switzerland, Venezuela, etc.
In April 2013 his novel Arena Negra was awarded Book of the Year by booksellers in Venezuela.
Work
Topics such as the uprooting of exiles, travel, love, sentimentality, are part of the narrative interests of Méndez Guédez, a work characterized by multiple records that are moved from the use of orality, to the development of sound prose, embedded with a deep lyricism.
Méndez Guédez's work has been placed by many literary scholars — such as Chiara Bolognese (Autonomous University of Madrid), Fabiola Fernandez (Andrés Bello Catholic University), Vega Sánchez (University of Salamanca), or Maartje Vranken (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) — in the orbit of the Spanish-American romantic and sentimental narrative. A line of writing that comes from authors like Manuel Puig or Alfredo Bryce Echenique, in which the humor, relationships with popular culture, and the emphasis on the emotional dramas of male characterized by their fragility, define the general discourse of its narrative. But, as the writer Ignacio Sanz argues, in Méndez Guédez one sees a sense of dual belonging, on one side to the Peninsular Spanish cultural register and, on the other, to the Hispanic American worldview, which is evident in the construction of his prose style, full of winks and lexical features that constitute a sort of mestizo language in itself.
This circumstance of intense attachment to two countries — two realities — places Méndez Guédez in a particular creative line of 21st-century Spanish language fiction that also involves authors such as Fernando Iwasaki, Jorge Eduardo Benavides, Juan Gabriel Vasquez, Andrés Neuman, etc.; writers whose fictions embodies a nostalgic look at the place of origin, combined with a critical outlook of the place of residence, all which confers their narratives with an expressive mixture of universal character.
As stated by critic Marco Kunz (University of Lausanne): "The migrant narrative of Méndez Guédez demonstrates the possibility of a new Latin American literature that is not enclosed in the obliguismo that explores the hallmarks of local, regional or national, nor chooses a staunch internationalism ".
Notably, Méndez Guédez is one of the authors who started fictionalizing the immigration of 21st-century Spain with his novel Una tarde con campanas, published in 2004. A topic that has been followed up by authors such as Joseph Shepherd, Carmen Jiménez, Pablo Aranda, Donato Ndongo, Najat El Hachmi, James Roncagliolo and Angels Case, among others.
In a way, his books incorporate into its narrative a sense of both the spatial and cultural diversity that is characteristic of his country, together with that of the Iberian Peninsula and the Canary Islands, as to conform a larger and richer fictional universe. This element, according to German critic Burkhard Pohl, constitutes a feature of a certain segment of the current Latin American narrative, in which the style of authors such as Méndez Guédez and Jorge Volpi serve as a parody of the exchange between different realities, highlighting the absurd literary notion that attached preconceived worldviews to certain writers from different regions of the planet.
Méndez Guédez is considered by many a renovator of the romantic tradition in Latin American narrative. Some of Méndez Guédez's works also have stylistic features that go back to the English comic novel — such as certain strain of vulgar eroticism — but that nonetheless remain within the influence of more contemporary and experimental trends in story construction — all that is without forgetting the passion for the power of anecdote and the seduction of the reader, and exploring expressive tools that break with classical linearity. Thus, each of Méndez Guédez texts can be a literary universe in itself; one that answers common themes but that is also able to expose a diverse scriptural development.
Bibliography
La diosa del agua: Cuentos y mitos del Amazonas (Páginas de espuma, Madrid, 2020)
La ola detenida (Harper Collins, Madrid 2017)
El baile de madame Kalalú (Siruela, Madrid, 2016)
Los maletines (Siruela, Madrid 2014)
Arena negra (Lugar Común, Caracas, 2012, Casadcartón, Madrid, 2013, Casadcartón, Lima 2013)
Ideogramas (Páginas de espuma, Madrid, 2012)
Chulapos Mambo (Casadcartón, Madrid, 2011; Lugar Común, Caracas, 2012)
Tal vez la lluvia (DVD, Barcelona, 2009; Ebook: https://web.archive.org/web/20070716063515/http://www.leer-e.es/
La bicicleta de Bruno (Ediciones B, Caracas, 2009)
Hasta luego, Míster Salinger (Páginas de espuma, Madrid, 2007)
El barco en que viajas (UNEY, San Felipe, 2007)
Nueve mil kilómetros y tu abrazo (Ediciones B, Bogotá, 2006)
Una tarde con campanas (Alianza, Madrid, 2004; Equinoccio, Caracas, 2012)
Tan nítido en el recuerdo (Lengua de trapo, Madrid, 2001)
Árbol de luna (Lengua de trapo, Madrid, 2000)
La ciudad de arena (Calembé, Cádiz, 2000)
Palabras de agosto (Mucuglifo, Mérida, Venezuela, 1999)
El libro de Esther (Lengua de trapo, Madrid, 1999; Lugar común, Caracas, 2011); Ebook: https://web.archive.org/web/20070716063515/http://www.leer-e.es/
Retrato de Abel con isla volcánica al fondo (Troya, Caracas, 1997); Ebook: http://www.musaalas9.com
La Resurrección de Scheerezade (Solar, Mérida, Venezuela, 1994)
Historias del edificio (Guaraira Repano, Caracas, 1994)
IN FRENCH:
Mambo canaille (Zinnia Éditions, Lyon, 2014) French translation by Nicole Rochaix-Salmona
La pluie peut-être (Orbis Tertius, Dijon, 2014) French translation by Adelaide De Chatellus
La ville de Sable (Albatros, Geneve, 2011) French translation by Adelaide De Chatellus
Anthologies and other publications
Crude Words: Contemporary Writing from Venezuela. Compiled by Tim Girven, Montague Kobbe and Katie Brown (Ragpicker Press, 2016)
La heteronimia poética y sus variaciones transatlánticas. Compiled by Mario Barrero Fajardo. (Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, 2013)
Novísima relación. Narrativa amerispánica actual. Edited and collected by Daniel Mesa Gancedo. (Institución Fernando el Católico, Zaragoza, 2012)
Náufragos en San Borondón (Baile del sol, Tenerife, 2012)
Los oficios del libro. Foreword by Juan Villoro. (Libros de la Ballena, Madrid, 2011)
Les bonnes nouvelles de l´amerique latine. Foreword by Mario Vargas Llosa. Selection by Fernando Iwasaki and Gustavo Guerrero (Gallimard, París, 2010)
La Vasta Brevedad. Selection by Antonio López Ortega, Carlos Pacheco and Miguel Gomes (Alfaguara, Caracas, 2010)
Narrativa latinoamericana para el siglo XXI: nuevos enfoques y territorios. Edited by Ángel Esteban; Jesús Montoya, Francisca Noguerol and María Ángeles Pérez López (OLMS, Hildesheim, 2010)
"Les pruniers fleurissent en mars" in Rue Saint Ambroise, #24 (París, 2009)
Atmósferas. (Asociación cultural Mucho Cuento, Córdoba, 2009)
El lugar donde ocurren las historias. Conferencia. Preliminary study by Chiara Bolognese (Centre de Recherches Latino-Americaines, Poitiers, 2009)
'"El cuento hispanoamericano contemporáneo; Vivir del cuento" in Rilma 2, ADEHL, México /París, 2009)
Zgodbe Iz Venezuele (Sodobnost Internacional, Ljubljana, 2009)
"Cinquième étage à droite" in Rue Saint Ambroise, #21 (París, 2008)
21 del XXI. Antólogo: Rubi Guerra (Ediciones B, Caracas, 2007)
Inmenso estrecho (Kailas, Madrid, 2007)
"Histoire d´amour à Santiago de León Caracas ou la minijupe couleur miel" in La nouvelle Revue Française, #581 (París, Gallimard, 2007)
Que me cuentas (antología de cuentos y gúia de lectura para jóvenes, padres y profesores). Edited by Amalia Vilches (Páginas de espuma, Madrid, 2006)
"Nueva cuentística venezolana: breve inmersión" in Hispamérica, #97 (Maryland, University of Maryland, 2004)
Pequeñas resistencias. Selección de Andrés Neuman (Páginas de espuma, Madrid, 2002)
Líneas aéreas (Lengua de trapo, Madrid, 1999)
Un paseo por la narrativa venezolana (Resma, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 1998)
Narrativa venezolana Attuale (Bulzoni Editore, Roma, 1995)
References
External links
Interview: New Novel by Juan Carlos Méndez Guédez Narrates the Violence and Corruption of Chavista Venezuela : http://venepoetics.blogspot.com.es/2014/07/new-novel-by-juan-carlos-mendez-guedez.html
Interview: “Books represent everything the government isn’t”
Juan Carlos Méndez Guédez in Conocer al autor
La Mancha
Interview in Relectura
Juan Carlos Méndez Guédez in Centro Virtual Cervantes
"Historia de amor en Santiago de León de Caracas, o la minifalda color miel"
Edmundo Paz Soldán talks about Hasta luego, míster Salinger in El Boomeran
Vicente Luis Mora reseña Hasta luego, míster Salinger
"Méndez Guédez: apuntes sobre la lectura"
"Una tarde con campanas" (vídeo)
[más o menos 40 (escritores en Madrid)] http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2009/04/14/cultura/1239711105.html
Dossier dedicated to Méndez Guédez in Otro Lunes
Venezuelan novelists
Venezuelan male writers
Male novelists
Writers from Caracas
1967 births
Living people
University of Salamanca alumni |
The 1958 United States Senate election in Ohio was held on November 4, 1958. Incumbent Senator John W. Bricker was defeated in his bid for a third term by U.S. Representative Stephen M. Young.
This was one of a record 15 seats Democrats gained from the Republican Party in 1958.
General election
Candidates
John W. Bricker, incumbent Senator since 1947 (Republican)
Stephen M. Young, candidate for Attorney General in 1956 and former U.S. Representative at-large (Democratic)
Results
See also
1958 United States Senate elections
References
1958
Ohio
United States Senate |
James J. McGillivray (June 16, 1848 – 1925) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly and the Wisconsin State Senate.
Biography
McGillivray was born on June 16, 1848, in Canada East. He moved to Black River Falls, Wisconsin, in 1866.
Career
McGillivray represented the 31s District in the Senate during the 1895 through 1905 sessions. Eventually, he was chosen as its president pro tem. Previously, he had been a member of the Assembly during the 1891 and 1893 sessions. McGillivray was a Republican.
References
External links
British emigrants to the United States
People from Black River Falls, Wisconsin
Republican Party Wisconsin state senators
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
1848 births
1925 deaths
Pre-Confederation Canadian emigrants to the United States |
```kotlin
package mega.privacy.android.app.di.photos
import dagger.Binds
import dagger.Module
import dagger.hilt.InstallIn
import dagger.hilt.android.components.ViewModelComponent
import mega.privacy.android.app.domain.usecase.DefaultGetNodeListByIds
import mega.privacy.android.app.domain.usecase.GetNodeListByIds
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultFilterCameraUploadPhotos
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultFilterCloudDrivePhotos
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultGetDefaultAlbumPhotos
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultObserveAlbumPhotosAddingProgress
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultObserveAlbumPhotosRemovingProgress
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultSetInitialCUPreferences
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultUpdateAlbumPhotosAddingProgressCompleted
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.DefaultUpdateAlbumPhotosRemovingProgressCompleted
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.FilterCameraUploadPhotos
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.FilterCloudDrivePhotos
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.GetDefaultAlbumPhotos
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.ObserveAlbumPhotosAddingProgress
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.ObserveAlbumPhotosRemovingProgress
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.SetInitialCUPreferences
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.UpdateAlbumPhotosAddingProgressCompleted
import mega.privacy.android.domain.usecase.UpdateAlbumPhotosRemovingProgressCompleted
@Module
@InstallIn(ViewModelComponent::class)
abstract class PhotosUseCases {
@Binds
abstract fun bindFilterCameraUploadPhotos(useCase: DefaultFilterCameraUploadPhotos): FilterCameraUploadPhotos
@Binds
abstract fun bindFilterCloudDrivePhotos(useCase: DefaultFilterCloudDrivePhotos): FilterCloudDrivePhotos
@Binds
abstract fun bindSetInitialCUPreferences(useCase: DefaultSetInitialCUPreferences): SetInitialCUPreferences
@Binds
abstract fun bindGetNodeListByIds(useCase: DefaultGetNodeListByIds): GetNodeListByIds
@Binds
abstract fun bindGetDefaultAlbumPhotos(useCase: DefaultGetDefaultAlbumPhotos): GetDefaultAlbumPhotos
@Binds
abstract fun bindObserveAlbumPhotosAddingProgress(useCase: DefaultObserveAlbumPhotosAddingProgress): ObserveAlbumPhotosAddingProgress
@Binds
abstract fun bindUpdateAlbumPhotosAddingProgressCompleted(useCase: DefaultUpdateAlbumPhotosAddingProgressCompleted): UpdateAlbumPhotosAddingProgressCompleted
@Binds
abstract fun bindObserveAlbumPhotosRemovingProgress(useCase: DefaultObserveAlbumPhotosRemovingProgress): ObserveAlbumPhotosRemovingProgress
@Binds
abstract fun bindUpdateAlbumPhotosRemovingProgressCompleted(useCase: DefaultUpdateAlbumPhotosRemovingProgressCompleted): UpdateAlbumPhotosRemovingProgressCompleted
}
``` |
Gunnar Sand (9 August 1909 – 28 December 1983) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He was organized in the Norwegian Union of Postmen, and joined the Labour Party in 1925. He was leader of the local Workers' Youth League branch in Trondheim from 1928 to 1929 and 1931 to 1932, deputy leader of the regional branch in Trøndelag from 1926 to 1927 and 1929 to 1931, and leader from 1931 to 1934. He was a national board member of the Workers' Youth League from 1932 to 1934, secretary in 1934 and leader from 1934. He was also a member of the Labour Party's central board. He was re-elected at the Workers' Youth League national convention in 1937. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany, starting in 1940, the organization was forbidden. Sand himself was imprisoned in Møllergata 19 from 5 September to 19 November 1940. He fled to Sweden, where he from 1943 led the executive committee of the Workers' Youth League-in-exile. After the Second World War, he was succeeded as acting chairman by Trygve Bratteli, but was a member of the central board until 1946.
He was the first secretary-general in the association Folk og Forsvar, which promotes the public understanding of military affairs.
He chaired the friendship association Friends of Israel in the Norwegian Labour Movement (Norwegian: Venner av Israel i Norsk Arbeiderbevegelse).
He died in December 1983 and was buried at Vestre gravlund.
References
1909 births
1983 deaths
Politicians from Trondheim
Labour Party (Norway) politicians
Norwegian resistance members
Norwegian expatriates in Sweden
Burials at Vestre gravlund |
Sir Dudley Ryder, (4 November 1691 – 25 May 1756) was an English lawyer, writer and politician who sat in the British House of Commons from 1733 until 1754 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the King's Bench.
Early life
Ryder was the second son of Richard Ryder, a draper of Hackney, Middlesex, and his second wife Elizabeth Marshall, daughter of William Marshall of Lincoln's Inn. He studied at a dissenting academy in Hackney and the University of Edinburgh, Scotland and Leiden University in The Netherlands. He went to the Middle Temple in 1713 (where he kept a diary from 1715–16, in which he minutely recorded “whatever occurs to me in the day worth observing”). In 1719, he was called to the Bar. He married Anne Newnham, daughter of Nathaniel Newnham of Streatham, Surrey in November 1733.
Career
Ryder was returned as Member of Parliament for St Germans at a by election on 1 March 1733. He was also made Solicitor General by Sir Robert Walpole in 1733. At the 1734 British general election, he switched to Tiverton where he was returned unopposed as MP. He was appointed as Attorney General in 1737. At the creation of the Foundling Hospital in London in 1739 he was one of the founding governors. In 1740, he was knighted. He topped the poll in a contest at the 1741 British general election and was returned unopposed again in 1747. On 2 May 1754 he was made a Privy Councillor and Chief Justice of the King's Bench, a post he held until his death. He did not stand for parliament at the 1754 general election. The King refused his application for a peerage until he had served in office for two years. A patent creating him a peer was signed by the King on 24 May 1756, but Ryder died the following day and was in no position to kiss hands to take it up.
Horace Walpole thought Ryder "a man of singular goodness and integrity; of the highest reputation in his profession, of the lowest in the House, where he wearied the audience by the multiplicity of his arguments; resembling the physician who ordered a medicine to be composed of all the simples in a meadow, as there must be some of them at least that would be proper".
Ryder died leaving one son Nathaniel who became the first Baron Harrowby.
References
William Matthews (ed.), The Diary of Dudley Ryder 1715-1716 (London, 1939).
Brenner, Maurice, ‘Discourse and Reality: the many worlds of Dudley Ryder, 1715-1716’ (Ipswich, 2012)
Notes
External links
1691 births
1756 deaths
Attorneys General for England and Wales
British MPs 1727–1734
British MPs 1734–1741
British MPs 1741–1747
British MPs 1747–1754
Knights Bachelor
Lord chief justices of England and Wales
Members of the Middle Temple
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Tiverton
Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain
Solicitors General for England and Wales
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for St Germans
Dudley
18th-century diarists
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh |
Cultural synergy is a term coined from work by Nancy Adler of McGill University which describes an attempt to bring two or more cultures together to form an organization or environment that is based on combined strengths, concepts and skills. The differences in the world's people are used in such a way that encourages mutual growth by cooperation.
In a more general sense, cultural synergy can be observed in the creation new or reproduced cultural forms that are distinct from the cultures from which those forms are derived. In either case, cultural synergy may be expected to be more prevalent as globalization takes place., and the concept and/or phrase can be found in discussions of globalization.
Cultural Assimilation
The concept goes back in the 1970s in the USA , at a time when the American management was thought to be the one and only business model. This is what is commonly known as the concept of Ethnocentrism , which some specialist consider to be cause of the general ignorance amongst American managers towards the influence of culture on management. It was only a matter of time (after the postwar economic success of other foreign countries) until American management realised that Ethnocentrism cand have negative consequences and started to incorporate different approaches for their management.
Moreover, the flow of immigrants coming to work in the USA contributed to the change of conducting management, as the managers started to consider Cultural Pluralism , a completely different view from what they were used to have, known as the "melting-pot", which was based on forcing the immigrant workforce to adapt to the American culture.
Definition of Synergy
The word comes from ancient Greek: synergia means working together. Andrew Campbell and Michael Goold, two British academics, define it as “links between business units that result in additional value creation”. It is, they go on to say, “a Holy Grail for large multi-unit companies”. It is something akin to the philosopher's stone: seeming to create extra value without consuming resources.
Synergy means cooperation that occurs between diverse groups of people with different viewpoints that work together. The aim of synergy is
to increase effectiveness by combining various knowledge, perceptions and viewpoints together. It is a common belief that “when solving problems, groups are often smarter than the smartest people within them”. Synergy is extremely important in business, as it gathers resources needed for successful operations and it complies with our present society where diversity is considered to be a value.
Organizational Change
Organizational Change has a very broad meaning and it can be major or minor, depending on the number or individuals from a specific organization it affects. From changing the water supplier to completely transforming the marketing strategy, every change is important and has consequences.
On one hand, cultural synergy can be understood as a major organizational change, as it merges cultures and customs within a company and presumably finalises with a change of the better, creating a more solid company culture, bonding the employees.
On the other hand, the phenomenon has not been sufficiently studied and researched, and it is also known that it can be chaotic for the employees, as they are being put through unfamiliar circumstances.
High Synergy Organizations vs. Low Synergy Organizations
High Synergy Organizations have employees that cooperate for mutual advantage and usually tackle their problems by following a very simple structure that focuses on identifying the problem, culturally interpreting it and finally, increasing the cultural activity. Contrary to this, there are Low Synergy Organizations that work with employees that are ruggedly individualistic and insist on solving any problem alone.
Synergy and Cross-Cultural Communication Competence
Individuals from multinational organizations who follow the cultural synergy concept in today’s global economy must be aware and competent in cross-cultural communication. Previous research indicates that the effectiveness of global corporations is highly influenced by the cross-cultural competence. A more culturally diversified workforce creates a large variety of capabilities, perspectives and attitudes ) and develops more skills in problem solving, generating more creative solutions. The present postmodern society is transitioning towards a
high-synergy era where the win-win and the all triumph concepts are adopted. The
key-points of this system are the mutual advantage and the strong connection that people are building with each other. Commonwealth has become the main focus of social institutions which promote individual and group development. In
order to give in into this postmodern era, acceptance of the high-synergy
society which leads to way to better international business practices is required. “Synergy takes on increasing importance as multinational
organizations, non-profit agencies, and governmental activities become more
global in scope, more complex in practice, and more sophisticated in technology.”
Examples of organizations and companies that follow the Cultural Synergy concept
Shell
Microsoft
Autolive
The University of Melbourne
Deutsche Bank
Disney Parks and Resorts
BP
Cadbury Schweppes
AmBank Group
Sara Lee
Telstra
Baker Hughes Inteq
Further reading
Eisenhardt, K.M. and Galunic, D.C., “Co-Evolving: At Last a Way to Make Synergies Work”, Harvard Business Review, January–February 2000
Goold, M. and Campbell, A., “Desperately Seeking Synergy”, Harvard Business Review, September–October 1998
Hagel, J. III and Singer, M., “Unbundling the Corporation”, Harvard Business Review, March–April 1999
References
Business terms |
Chisocheton patens is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet is from the Latin meaning "spreading", referring to the inflorescence.
Description
The tree grows up to tall with a trunk diameter of up to . The bark is pale greenish to black. The flowers are fragrant. The fruits are roundish, up to in diameter.
Distribution and habitat
Chisocheton patens is found in Thailand and Malesia. Its habitat is lowland rain forests from sea-level to altitude.
References
patens
Trees of Thailand
Trees of Malesia
Plants described in 1825 |
The Citroën C4 WRC is a World Rally Car built for the Citroën World Rally Team by Citroën Racing to compete in the World Rally Championship. It is based upon the Citroën C4 road car and replaced the Citroën Xsara WRC. The car was introduced for the 2007 World Rally Championship season and has taken the drivers' title each year since in the hands of Sébastien Loeb, as well as the manufacturers' title in 2008, 2009 and 2010.
The C4 WRC and Loeb maintained a 100% record on asphalt events during its WRC career, winning all 13 pure asphalt rounds of the World Rally Championship.
Competition history
2007
The car made its debut at the 2007 Monte Carlo Rally in the hands of Citroën World Rally Team drivers Sébastien Loeb and Daniel Sordo. Loeb won the rally after leading throughout, with Sordo finishing as runner-up, with the pair winning the first nine of 15 stages. Loeb went on to win seven of the remaining 15 rallies that season to beat Ford's Marcus Grönholm to the title by nine points. Sordo finished fourth in the standings.
2008
Citroën retained Loeb and Sordo in their team for 2008, with Loeb winning 11 out of 15 rallies to take the title, while Sordo finished third in the standings. This was enough for Citroën to regain the manufacturers' crown.
C4 WRCs were also run by privateer squad PH-Sport for Conrad Rautenbach and Urmo Aava during the season, as well as for Junior World Rally Championship winner Sébastien Ogier at the final event of the season, Rally GB. Ogier lead the event early on despite it being his first in a WRC car.
2009
In 2009, Loeb and Sordo once again drove for the factory squad, with Loeb winning the first five events of the year and then winning the final two to beat Ford driver Mikko Hirvonen to the title by just one point. Sordo finished a solid third as Citroën retained the manufacturers' title.
PH-Sport ran a second team of C4 WRCs under the Citroën Junior Team banner for Rautenbach and Ogier, with Evgeny Novikov, Chris Atkinson and Aaron Burkart also appearing under the banner during the year. Petter Solberg ran an old Xsara WRC for his own team for most of the season, before switching to a C4 WRC for the penultimate round, and was then entered under the Junior Team banner for the final round of the season.
2010
Loeb and Sordo continued with the factory team into 2010, while the Junior Team ran Ogier and Kimi Räikkönen. Ogier, though, had a strong start to the season (including a win in Portugal) and so was swapped with Sordo for gravel rounds in the second half of the season. Ogier then won the 2010 Rally Japan as a factory driver.
Petter Solberg drove a C4 WRC for his own team and picked up eight podiums over the season, finishing third in the final standings, behind of work's drivers Ogier and Sordo.
WRC victories
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%; "
! No.
! Event
! Season
! Driver
! Co-driver
|-
| 1
| 2007 Monte Carlo Rally
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 2
| 2007 Rally Mexico
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 3
| 2007 Rally de Portugal
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 4
| 2007 Rally Argentina
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 5
| 2007 Rallye Deutschland
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 6
| 2007 Rally Catalunya
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 7
| 2007 Tour de Corse
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 8
| 2007 Rally Ireland
| 2007
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 9
| 2008 Monte Carlo Rally
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 10
| 2008 Rally Mexico
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 11
| 2008 Rally Argentina
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 12
| 2008 Rally d'Italia Sardegna
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 13
| 2008 Acropolis Rally
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 14
| 2008 Rally Finland
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 15
| 2008 Rallye Deutschland
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 16
| 2008 Rally New Zealand
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 17
| 2008 Rally Catalunya
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 18
| 2008 Tour de Corse
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 19
| 2008 Wales Rally GB
| 2008
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 20
| 2009 Rally Ireland
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 21
| 2009 Rally Norway
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 22
| 2009 Cyprus Rally
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 23
| 2009 Rally de Portugal
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 24
| 2009 Rally Argentina
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 25
| 2009 Rally Catalunya
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 26
| 2009 Rally GB
| 2009
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 27
| 2010 Rally Mexico
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 28
| 2010 Jordan Rally
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 29
| 2010 Rally of Turkey
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 30
| 2010 Rally de Portugal
| 2010
| Sébastien Ogier
| Julien Ingrassia
|-
| 31
| 2010 Rally Bulgaria
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 32
| 2010 Rallye Deutschland
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 33
| 2010 Rally Japan
| 2010
| Sébastien Ogier
| Julien Ingrassia
|-
| 34
| 2010 Rallye de France
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 35
| 2010 Rally Catalunya
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|-
| 36
| 2010 Wales Rally GB
| 2010
| Sébastien Loeb
| Daniel Elena
|}
Gallery
References
World Rally Cars
C4 WRC
All-wheel-drive vehicles
World Rally championship-winning cars |
Vanguard class may refer to:
, UK Royal Navy 19th-century second rate tall ship class
, UK Royal Navy World War II era super-battleship class
, UK Royal Navy post-Cold-War era ballistic missile submarine class
, Royal Norwegian Navy cancelled proposed ship class
"Vanguard" class of locomotives, built by Thomas Hill (manufacturer)
See also
, British Royal Navy shipname
Vanguard (disambiguation) |
Constance Anne Kemmerer, (born ) commonly known as Connie Kemmerer, is an American businesswoman and philanthropist. Kemmerer serves as a co-owner of the Jackson Hole Mountain Resort in Teton Village, Wyoming in the Jackson Hole valley. She has jointly owned the resort with her siblings, Jay and Betty, since 1992. Their family connection to Wyoming dates to the late nineteenth century when their great-grandfather, Mahlon Kemmerer, financed the founding of the Kemmerer Coal Company. Kemmerer, Wyoming, which started as a company town for Kemmerer Coal Company, is home to the first J. C. Penney store.
Early life and education
Kemmerer grew up in Short Hills, New Jersey, a community in Millburn, New Jersey. After graduating from the Beard School (now the Morristown-Beard School) in Orange, New Jersey in 1962, she studied at Finch College in Manhattan. Kemmerer earned her master's degree in art history from Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana. She later earned her Ph.D. in anthropology.
Integrative health and adventuring activities
In 2003, Kemmerer co-founded the Integrative Healthcare Foundation, which now goes by the name Teton Wellness Institute. While serving as chair of the Institute, she organized a presentation by adventurist Lori Schneider. On May 23, 2009, Schneider become the first person diagnosed with multiple sclerosis to reach the summit of Mount Everest, the highest mountain on Earth. Kemmerer served as Schneider's climbing partner when they climbed to the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the tallest mountain in Africa, in 2011. After working with missionaries in Ethiopia as a young adult, Kemmerer had first climbed the mountain at age 20.
C. M. Ranch
In 1997, Kemmerer jointly purchased the C. M. Ranch in Dubois, Wyoming with Jay and Bettie Kemmerer. The dude ranch is one of the oldest continually operating guest ranches in the U.S. Charles Moore, the son of a trader at Fort Washakie on the Wind River Indian Reservation, started C. M. Ranch in 1927 and ran it until the 1950s. C. M. Ranch lies adjacent to Whiskey Mountain, home to the largest wintering Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep herd in North America. The ranch's location in a valley in the Wind River Mountain Range near Shoshone National Forest enables its guests to visit Yellowstone National Park with a short drive by car. The south entrance to the park is about 60 miles from the ranch.
References
Ranchers from Wyoming
American mountain climbers
American female climbers
American women business executives
American business executives
People from Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Businesspeople from Millburn, New Jersey
Finch College alumni
Indiana University alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
American sportswomen
Morristown-Beard School alumni
People from Dubois, Wyoming
21st-century American women |
Gharewadi is a village in Maharashtra located West of the City Karad at distance of 12 km on Karad-Dhebewadi Road. This Village has a Janai devi temple and Dhuloba [Dhaleshwar|Dhuleshwar] temple situated on top of a hill near the village. This is one of the Family Gods for [Maratha] and Dhangar Caste respectively in Maharashtra.
See also
Dhangar
References
Villages in Satara district |
WXCH (102.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to Columbus, Indiana, United States. The station airs a Classic hits format and is currently owned by Reising Radio Partners Inc.
References
External links
WXCH's website
XCH
Classic hits radio stations in the United States |
On 14 October 2022, an explosion occurred in Amasra coal mine in Amasra, Bartın Province, Turkey, killing 42 people and injuring 27. It was one of the deadliest industrial incidents in Turkey.
Explosion
The explosion occurred at 6:30 p.m. Turkish time, at a depth of about 300 metres. At the time of the incident, around 110 people were working in the mine and almost half of them were below deep. Some reports stated that five people were working under and 44 people were working under .
Minister of the Interior Süleyman Soylu said that more than 22 people had died and 28 people crawled out on their own. Minister of Health Fahrettin Koca said that 11 people had been pulled out alive and were being treated in hospital. 58 miners were saved.
Investigation
The cause of the blast is yet unknown and is under investigation, with firedamp (possibly coalbed methane) being one suspected cause.
Response
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan wrote on Twitter that he was closely monitoring the situation and said that search and rescue operations were progressing rapidly at the mine. Erdoğan canceled a planned trip to Diyarbakır and instead traveled to Amasra on 15 October. Erdoğan's comments linking the explosion to "the plan of destiny" and saying that such explosions "will always be" drew criticism from opposition leader Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu, as well as protests in Istanbul.
See also
Coal in Turkey
References
2022 disasters in Turkey
2022 mining disasters
Mine explosion
Coal mining disasters in Turkey
Explosions in 2022
Explosions in Turkey
History of Bartın Province
October 2022 events in Asia |
This is a list of natural gas vehicles.
Airplanes
Tu-155 only experimental
Tu-206 a LNG version is available as the Tu-206
Tu-330 a LNG version is available of this transport/survey/tanker aircraft
Helicopters
Mil Mi-8 only experimental
Passenger cars
Audi A5 2,0 TFSI CNG (planned) (unveiled 12/07)
BMW 3 Series (E36) 316g CNG
BMW 5 Series (E34) 518g CNG
Chevrolet Cavalier Bi-Fuel CNG
Citroën C3 1,4 GNV man.
Citroën Berlingo Multispace 1,4 GNV (MPV) man.
Dacia Logan 1,6 K4M CNG
Fiat Panda Natural Power
Fiat 500 Natural Power
Fiat Punto 1,2 60 Natural Power/BiPower
Fiat Grande Punto 1,4 Natural Power/BiPower
Fiat Multipla Natural Power/Bipower
Fiat Marea Bipower
Fiat Doblò SX 1,6 Natural Power/BiPower
Fiat Siena Tetrafuel
Ford Crown Victoria CNG
Ford Contour Bi-Fuel CNG
Ford Fusion CNG (CH)
Ford Focus CNG (CH)
Ford Focus C-Max CNG
Ford S-Max CNG (CH)
Ford Mondeo Sedan/STW CNG (CH)
Ford Galaxy CNG (CH)
Ford Tourneo (MPV) CNG
Ford Kuga CNG (CH)
Ford Maverick CNG (CH)
Honda Civic CNG
Honda Civic GX CNG
Honda CR-V CNG
Kia Pride (4D) CNG
Mercedes-Benz B170/B200K NGT (W245) automatic
Mercedes-Benz C200K T NGT wagon (S207) automatic
Mercedes-Benz E200K NGT sedan (W211) automatic
Opel Combo 1,6 CNG Comfort
Opel Zafira 5D 1,6 CNG Comfort (MPV)
Opel Astra k 1,4 ecotec CNG
Peugeot 405 (SD) CNG
Peugeot 206 (SD) V20 CNG
Peugeot 207 (3D/5D/SW/CC) VTi CNG (CH)
Peugeot 308 (3D/5D/SW) VTi CNG (CH)
Peugeot 405 (4D) CNG
Peugeot 807 2,0 CNG (CH)
Peugeot Pars (4D) CNG
Peugeot Partner 1,4 GNV (MPV) man.
Proton Saga Iswara 1,3 L (modified)
Proton Wira 1,3 / 1,5 / 1,6 Auto/Manual BiFuel – EFI Mixer Type (Converted)
Proton Campro 1,6 BiFuel – EFI – using sequential type (Converted)
Renault Kangoo 1,6 CNG (MPV)
Samand (4D) CNG
Škoda Octavia 1,4 TSI CNG G-Tec
Škoda Citigo 1,0 CNG
Suzuki Wagon R CNG/LPG
Suzuki SX4 CNG
Toyota Camry CNG
Volkswagen GolfTGI 1.4 BlueMotion, Natural Gas, 81 kW (110 PS),Cubic Capacity:1395 cm, Fuel capacity (CNG): 15 kg, Fuel capacity (petrol): 50 L, Range (CNG): 420 km, Range (combined): 1360 km
Volkswagen Caddy/Caddy Maxi Life EcoFuel CNG (MPV) man.
Volkswagen Touran EcoFuel CNG (MPV) man.
Volkswagen Passat Sedan/Variant 1,4 TSI EcoFuel CNG (unveiled 12/07) man/aut.(DSG)
Volkswagen Transporter/Transporter Shuttle/Caravelle/Multivan T4/T5 2,0 I4/3,2 VR6 BiFuel/EcoFuel CNG and TSI EcoFuel CNG (latter planned) (MPV) (also LWB)
Volkswagen Up! 50 kW (68 PS), Natural Gas, Fuel capacity: 11 kg CNG, Fuel capacity (petrol): 10 L, Range (CNG): 380 km, Range (combined): 600 km
Volkswagen Transporter 2.0 Natural Gas, 85 kW (115 PS),Cubic Capacity:1.984 cm, Fuel capacity (CNG): 28 kg, Fuel capacity (petrol): 80 L, Range (CNG): 400 km, Range (combined): 1160 km, Fuel consumption combined: 7.3 kg/100 km
Volvo C30 MultiFuel 1,8F (Gasoline/FFV E85/CNG) (CH)
Volvo S40 MultiFuel 1.8F (Gasoline/FFV E85/CNG) (CH)
Volvo V50 MultiFuel 1.8F (Gasoline/FFV E85/CNG) (CH)
Volvo S60 Bi-Fuel CNG man/aut.
Volvo V70 Bi-Fuel CNG man/aut.
Volvo V70 MultiFuel 2.0F / 2.5FT (Gasoline/FFV E85/CNG) (CH)
Volvo S80 Bi-Fuel CNG man/aut.
Volvo S80 MultiFuel 2.0F / 2.5FT (Gasoline/FFV E85/CNG) (CH)
Cars marked with (CH) available at least in Switzerland (http://www.erdgasfahren.ch/230.html)
Vans
Chevrolet Express 6.0 V8 bifuel CNG and gasoline cargo and passenger
Citroën Berlingo 1,4 GNV
Citroën Jumper GNV
Dodge Caravan CNG
Fiat Doblò Cargo BiPower
Fiat Ducato BiPower
Ford Transit 2,3 CNG (also LWB)
GMC Savana 6.0 V8 bi fuel CNG and gasoline cargo and passenger
Iveco Daily CNG
Mercedes-Benz Sprinter 316 NGT (also LWB)
Opel Combo 1,6 CNG Tour
Peugeot Partner bivalent
Peugeot Bipper CNG (CH)
Peugeot Expert CNG (CH)
Peugeot Boxer bivalent
Renault Kangoo 1,6 CNG delivery van
Volkswagen Caddy/Caddy Maxi EcoFuel CNG (a camping car/van version also available as the Caddy Life Tramper EcoFuel CNG)
Volkswagen Eurovan (Transporter) T4/T5 2,0 I4/3,2 VR6 BiFuel/EcoFuel CNG and TSI EcoFuel CNG (latter planned) (also LWB)
Suzuki Mehran VX CNG BI FUEL
Chevy Express Van CNG (Note, limited range ~130 miles/tank)
Buses
NEFAZ CNG
Dennis
Dart/Dart SPD CNG
EvoBus (Mercedes-Benz)
Citaro/Citaro G/Citaro Ü CNG
OG 305
O 405 CNG
O 405 N/O 405 N²/O 405 NK/O 405 NÜ CNG
O 405 GN/O 405 GN² CNG
O 405 NH CNG (Australia Only)
OC 500 LE 1825 hG modular bus chassis
Iveco Bus
Iveco/Irisbus CityClass CNG
Renault/Irisbus Agora/Agora L GNV
Irisbus Citelis 12/Citelis 18 GNV
Isuzu
Erga Heavy-duty Bus
Erga Mio Medium-Duty Bus
MAN
SL200 CNG
SL202 CNG
NL202 CNG
NL232 CNG
NL243 CNG
NL313 CNG
NG 313 CNG
NÜ243 CNG
NÜ313 CNG
Neoplan
N 3316 Ü Euroliner
N 4007 CNG Centro Midigelenk
N 4409 CNG
N 4411 CNG Centroliner Solo
N 4413/1 CNG, N 4413/2 CNG
N 4416 CNG Centroliner Solo
N 4420 CNG Centroliner
N 4421 CNG Centroliner Gelenk
N 4426/3 CNG
New Flyer
CNG
C30LF
C35LF
C40LF
LNG
L30LF
L35LF
L40LF
North American Bus Industries
30 LFW CNG
35 LFW CNG
40 LFW CNG
COMPO 45 CNG
42 BRT CNG
60 BRT CNG articulated
Orion Bus Industries
I
V
VI
VII
VII Next Generation
Van Hool
A300 CNG
A308H CNG
A330 CNG
Volvo
Volvo B10L CNG
Volvo B10BLE CNG
Volvo B9L/B9LA CNG
Volvo 7700 CNG
Trucks
Kamaz CNG
Chevy Silverado CNG
Ford F-150 Dual Fuel (2001-2004)
Ford Super Duty
GMC Sierra CNG
MAN CNG
Ram 2500
Volvo FL
Mercedes-Benz Econic
Iveco Stralis CNG
Scania G-Series CNG
Tanks
T-80
Waste collection vehicles
Mercedes-Benz Econic
Rocket car
Blue Flame |
Rodrigo Andrés Brito Tobar (born 23 February 1983) is a Chilean footballer that currently plays for the Chilean Segunda División División Profesional club Deportes Limache as centre back.
Career
A historical player of both Deportes La Serena and Deportes Iquique, he left the first at the end of the 2022 season and joined Deportes Limache for 2023, winning the league title.
Honours
Deportes Iquique
Copa Chile: 2010
Primera B: 2010
Deportes Limache
Segunda División Profesional:
References
External links
1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Santiago
Chilean men's footballers
Deportes La Serena footballers
Curicó Unido footballers
Deportes Iquique footballers
Rangers de Talca footballers
Deportes Limache footballers
Chilean Primera División players
Primera B de Chile players
Segunda División Profesional de Chile players
Men's association football central defenders |
The Martini Cadet is a centrefire single-shot cadet rifle produced in the United Kingdom by BSA and W.W. Greener for the use of Australian military Cadets. Although considered a miniature version of the Martini–Henry, the internal mechanism was redesigned by Auguste Francotte to permit removal from the receiver as a single unit. Chambered for the .310 Cadet cartridge (aka: .310 Greener), it was used from 1891 to 1955. They were also sold to the public thereafter, as the BSA No.4, 4a, 4b and 5 in other calibres like the .297/230 and .22 rimfire. The rifles will often chamber the similarly sized .32-20 Winchester and fire with some accuracy. However the 32/20 is actually 0.312 cal and the 310 is 0.323 cal. Due to this 10 thousandths difference the accuracy of a .32/20 round cannot be guaranteed.
After being sold by the Australian government many were converted to sporting or target rifles, often re-barrelled to calibres like .22 Hornet, .218 Bee, .25-20 Winchester, .222 Rimmed, .357 Magnum and others to .22 rimfire by gun makers like Sportco.
See also
British military rifles
Martini–Henry
Martini–Enfield
Sporterising
References
External links
sportco.org.au
UK NRA Historic Arms Resource Centre
Early rifles
Falling-block rifles
Hunting rifles
Rifles of the United Kingdom |
The Great Gale of 1871 was a severe storm in the North Sea which struck the north east coast of England on Friday 10 February 1871.
Shipping near the town of Bridlington was severely affected by the storm, and, in an attempt to rescue seamen, the RNLI lifeboat RNLB Robert Whitworth was put out of action and the fishermans lifeboat Harbinger upturned with nine locals on board, killing six of them.
A memorial obelisk in Bridlington Priory Churchyard commemorates 43 burials there.
28 ships were wrecked on the north east coast, and total fatalities are estimated at over 50.
See also
List of United Kingdom disasters by death toll
Further reading
1871 in England
1871 meteorology
1871 natural disasters
Weather events in England
European windstorms
History of the East Riding of Yorkshire
February 1871 events
19th century in Yorkshire |
John Branner (August 4, 1886 – September 11, 1968) was an American architect. His work was part of the architecture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.
References
1886 births
1968 deaths
20th-century American architects
Art competitors at the 1932 Summer Olympics
People from Bloomington, Indiana |
Wilhelmina Celeste Goehring Harvey (1912 - May 3, 2005) was a philanthropist and the first female mayor of Monroe County, Florida. A "grand dame of Keys politics", she was frequently a public face of the Conch Republic. Outside of politics, she was a science teacher and scuba diver.
Biography
She was born in 1912 to one of Key West's original families. By 1935, she was a science teacher and taught summer school at Tulane University. She graduated from Florida State College for Women in 1937. She served as treasurer and board member of a local volunteer credit union (later Keys Federal Credit Union) in the 1940s. She married C.B. Harvey, who served as mayor of Key West in the 1950s.
Harvey earned a master's degree in public administration in 1980. In 1982, she was inducted into the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in its first year. She served as the first female mayor and the first female commissioner of Monroe County, and was the first to be elected Mayor Emeritus.
In April 1982, citizens of Key West formed the Conch Republic, a satirical micronation, in response to a Border Patrol checkpoint that disrupted travel and tourist activity. Harvey became Admiral and First Sea Lord of the Conch Republic's navy, whose actions included attacking a Coast Guard cutter with loaves of stale Cuban bread. The Conch Republic became a Key West mainstay as a tourist attraction and a humorous method for the city to negotiate with state and federal governments. During the 1995 "invasion", she stopped and accepted surrender from Army Reserve troops. She often served as the Republic's ambassador and met several presidents and foreign leaders in that capacity. In 1991, she hosted Queen Elizabeth at Dry Tortugas National Park, acting as both Monroe County mayor and Conch Republic ambassador.
In 1986, she ran for Florida House of Representatives from the 120th District, ultimately losing to Ron Saunders in the Democratic primary runoff. In 1997, the Monroe County commissioners voted to name the new county government building as Harvey Government Center at Historic Truman School after Harvey and her husband. In November 2000, she lost her re-election bid as Monroe County Commissioner, but remained a popular local figure.
Harvey died on May 3, 2005, at the age of 93. She received a large public funeral.
References
1912 births
2005 deaths
People from Key West, Florida
Mayors of places in Florida
Women mayors of places in Florida
20th-century American politicians
20th-century American women politicians
21st-century American women
Florida Women's Hall of Fame Inductees |
Sitnik is a village in the municipality of Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was 5, all Bosniaks.
References
Populated places in Konjic |
Dendropoma anguliferum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails or worm shells.
Distribution
This snail is found in the Mediterranean Sea.
References
External links
Vermetidae
Gastropods described in 1884 |
The Gong Show is an American amateur talent contest franchised by Sony Pictures Television to many countries. It was broadcast on NBC's daytime schedule from June 14, 1976, through July 21, 1978, and in first-run syndication from 1976 to 1980 and 1988 to 1989, and was revived in 2017 for broadcast on ABC. The show was created and originally produced by Chuck Barris, who also served as host for the NBC run and from 1977 to 1980 in syndication. Its most recent version was executive-produced by Will Arnett and hosted by Tommy Maitland, a fictional character performed by Mike Myers (uncredited in Season 1). The Gong Show is known for its absurdist humor and style, with the actual competition secondary to the often outlandish acts presented; a small cash prize has typically been awarded to each show's winner.
Format
Each show presented a competition of amateur performers of often dubious talent, with a panel of three celebrity judges. The original program's regular judges included Jamie Farr, Jaye P. Morgan, Arte Johnson, Patty Andrews, Phyllis Diller, Pat McCormick, Wayland Flowers, Anson Williams, Steve Garvey, Rex Reed and Rip Taylor. Throughout the program's run, several other celebrities occasionally appeared as judges including David Letterman, Steve Martin, Mort Sahl, Pat Paulsen, Chuck Woolery, Allen Ludden and Sandy Duncan. If any judge considered an act to be particularly bad, they could force it to stop by striking a large gong, a trope adapted from the durable radio show Major Bowes Amateur Hour. Barris would then ask the judge(s) in question why they had gonged the act, usually receiving a facetious response.
Any act that survived without being gonged was given a score by each of the three judges on a scale of 0 to 10, for a maximum possible score of 30. On the NBC series, the contestant who achieved the highest combined score won the grand prize: a check for $516.32 (a "highly unusual amount", in Barris's words; reportedly the Screen Actors Guild's minimum pay for a day's work at the time) and a "Golden Gong" trophy. In the show's opening monologue, Barris would describe the amount as "five hundred and sixteen big ones, and thirty-two little ones". The syndicated series' top prize was originally $712.05 (the first episode was $996.83) and later increased to $716.32. In the event of a tie, three different tiebreakers were used at various times during the show's run. Originally the studio audience determined the winner by applause, but this was later changed to a decision by the producers, and later by the celebrity judges. On rare occasions, both winning acts would each receive a check and a trophy. No prize was awarded if all of the acts on a particular episode were gonged, which occurred at least twice. Runners-up received various prizes; Maureen Orth, on her February 24, 1977, appearance, reported receiving an iron valued at $33.95 for her second-place finish.
When Barris announced the final score, little person actor Jerry Maren (a former Munchkin) ran onstage in top hat and tails, throwing confetti while balloons dropped from overhead.
The daily Gong Show also gave out a "Worst Act of the Week" award (later changed to the "Most Outrageous Act of the Week"), selected by the producers and each week's judges. The winner of this award was announced following the trophy presentation on the Friday show, and the performer received a dirty tube sock and a check for $516.32.
Legitimate talent
The two biggest Gong Show-related showbiz successes were Andrea McArdle and Cheryl Lynn. Twelve-year-old McArdle appeared on an early episode in 1976, shortly before she won the leading role in the hit Broadway musical Annie. Following her Gong Show appearance, Lynn was signed to a recording contract with Columbia Records and she recorded the Top 40 disco hit "Got To Be Real".
Among the other true talents that appeared on the show were country singer Boxcar Willie; actor Kevin Peter Hall who later appeared as the original Predator in the 1987 film and as Harry in Harry and the Hendersons; comics and actors Paul Reubens and John Paragon (best known as Pee Wee Herman and Jambi the Genie); Joey D'Auria ("Dr. Flameo", later WGN's second Bozo the Clown); impressionist/comic Michael Winslow; novelty rock band Green Jellÿ; and an unknown band called The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo which evolved into Oingo Boingo, led by future film and television score composer Danny Elfman. In 1979, Crips founder and executed murderer Stanley Tookie Williams appeared on the show as a bodybuilder. Future Academy Award-nominated actress Mare Winningham sang the Beatles song "Here, There, and Everywhere" on the program in 1976. Future Super Bowl XXXV winning head coach Brian Billick also made an appearance, performing a routine known as the "spider monkey". Dancer Danny Lockin, who had played Barnaby in the film Hello Dolly!, was murdered hours after winning the show taped August 21, 1977. Television personality, actress and entrepreneur, Rhonda Shear appeared on the program in 1979. Journalist Maureen Orth, then writing for Newsweek, won second-place on a 1977 show, appearing as "The World's Oldest Cheerleader."
Personnel
Barris as emcee
An established game show producer (The Dating Game, The Newlywed Game), Barris was originally the show's co-producer but not its host. He was an emergency replacement host for eventual Real People host John Barbour, who had objected to the show's satirical concept and tried to adopt more of a traditional amateur-hour format.
Producer Chris Bearde, formerly of Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In and The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, clashed with Barris over the show's content, favoring more scripted comedy over chaotic nonsense. (Bearde's "new talent" segments on Laugh-In had featured oddball performers, the most celebrated being Tiny Tim.) After a violent argument between Barris and Bearde over the direction of the show came to blows and included the throwing of chairs and other objects, Bearde resigned from The Gong Show, leaving Barris fully in charge. Initially, Barris appeared somewhat ill at ease as host but before long he was working so loosely on camera that many viewers assumed he was intoxicated from alcohol or other drugs. Barris later recounted, in an interview with the Archive of American Television, that he was never drunk, and that he never allowed the use of drugs in his production company.
Musical direction
Milton DeLugg was a popular musician and bandleader during the 1940s and 1950s. He got the Gong Show job by default; as the longtime music director of NBC, he was responsible for any network project that required special music (like the annual telecasts of the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade). Though DeLugg had previously arranged the theme for The Newlywed Game, Barris initially regarded DeLugg as "an anachronism"; however, Barris soon found that DeLugg was very much attuned to the crazy tone of the show and he appeared with Barris in recurring comedy skits, including bad-joke teller "Naso Literatus" and aged philosopher "Old Drool".
Veteran composer Joey Carbone provided musical arrangements for the late 1980s revival with his own lineup of studio musicians, known as "The Gong Show Guys".
Announcers
Johnny Jacobs, who had worked for Barris for many years, was the main announcer from 1976 to 1980. When Jacobs was sidelined with an extended illness, Jack Clark substituted from October 3 through December 23, 1977. Charlie O'Donnell served as announcer for the late 1980s revival.
Hostesses
Hostesses included Siv Åberg (a Swedish-born model and actress who appeared on Barris's syndicated New Treasure Hunt), actress Marlena Clark, porn star Carol Connors and Barris's teenage daughter, Della.
Broadcast history
NBC
NBC first aired the show at 12:30 p.m. (11:30 a.m. Central). This was the network's least important time slot, as programs running at that time had to share the half-hour with a five-minute NBC newscast anchored by Edwin Newman. As a result, the first six-plus months of The Gong Show featured approximately twenty minutes of program content in a twenty-five-minute episode.
Many NBC affiliates in some larger markets opted not to run network programming during the noon hour at all, preferring to broadcast local news and talk shows instead. Thus Gong made its debut mainly on medium-market and smaller stations or on large-market rival stations that had picked up the program from the NBC affiliate that had rejected it. For example, in Boston, then-NBC affiliate WBZ-TV did not run the series, allowing local UHF independent outlet WSBK-TV to air it.
Gong's time slot was given to a new soap opera, Lovers and Friends, on January 3, 1977, and the show was relocated to replace the cancelled Another World spinoff Somerset at 4:00 p.m. The time change allowed Gong to expand to a half-hour.
NBC broadcast a one-hour prime-time Gong Show special on April 26, 1977, featuring in-studio special guests Tony Randall, Alice Cooper and Harry James and His Orchestra. The winning act on this special was The Bait Brothers, and the panelists were Jaye P. Morgan, Jamie Farr and Arte Johnson.
"Popsicle Twins" incident
During The Gong Show'''s run, Barris became well known for his clashes with the network censors, intentionally bringing in risque acts as bait to allow some of the less racy acts to slip by. In 1977, one of these bait acts, called "Have You Got a Nickel?", made it onto the show. The act consisted of two teenage girls, both wearing shorts, sitting cross-legged on the stage floor and silently eating popsicles in a manner that suggested they were performing fellatio on the frozen treats. The nature of their act led to the two girls being referred to as the "Popsicle Twins".
While the girls were able to complete their act without being gonged, they were given low scores by two of the judges. Phyllis Diller gave them a zero, while Jamie Farr followed with a marginally better 2. Jaye P. Morgan awarded them a 10, quipping, "Do you know that's the way I started (in show business)?" and proceeded to eat one of the girls' popsicles.
Surprisingly, the girls' act was approved by the NBC censors, who apparently did not see anything wrong with it during the rehearsals. However, after the episode aired in the Eastern Time Zone, NBC cut the act from the later tape delay broadcast for western time zones. KNBC, alerted to the content, was able to preempt it. The act was not cut from all the tapes, and the "Popsicle Twins" incident has aired in reruns and retrospectives. Barris said in a 2001 interview with Salon.com that this particular act began making him reconsider his career.
Cancellation
Despite its popularity and respectable ratings for a non-soap-opera midday show, NBC cancelled The Gong Show, with its final episode broadcast on July 21, 1978. At the time, there was much speculation as to the network's true motivations for dumping the popular show. Barris has commented that he heard that NBC's official reason was because of both "lower than expected ratings" and a desire by the network to "re-tailor the morning shows to fit the standard morning demographics" (the move coincided with the arrival of new NBC president Fred Silverman, who was well known for such programming overhauls and was reported to have disliked The Gong Show). America Alive!, a magazine-style variety program hosted by Art Linkletter's son Jack, replaced Gong.
Following the cancellation, many critics and industry analysts – including Gene Shalit and Rona Barrett – reported having heard comments from within the NBC programming department from "sources preferring anonymity" that the true reason behind the cancellation was Barris's refusal to tone down the increasingly risqué nature of the show. According to the sources, after the "Popsicle Twins" incident and an episode in which Jaye P. Morgan spontaneously exposed her breasts on air during a Gene Gene the Dancing Machine segment, Barris had been given an ultimatum by the network's Standards and Practices department to deliver less racy shows for his audience, which included many younger viewers, or NBC would cancel the program.
Finale
NBC allowed Barris to continue the show for the rest of his contract, and Barris made no perceptible change in preparation for the finale. In the finale, staff member Larry Gotterer appeared as "Fenwick Gotterer" to host the show after Barris started the show doing a "Chuckie's Fables" sketch. The rest of the final episode tried to explain the life of the show and its cancellation. Barris managed to have the last word on the show's demise, appearing as a contestant. Playing in a country music band called "The Hollywood Cowboys" with the house band's rhythm section, Barris sang a slightly modified version of Johnny Paycheck's "Take This Job and Shove It", giving NBC the finger during the song to accentuate his point. NBC censored the gesture, with the word "OOPS!" superimposed over a still shot of the set. Barris was gonged by Jamie Farr, who quipped, "Because that little fella's been saying that I've been long of nose, I'm also long of gong, fella."
The group "Lobster Repair" (who performed Harry Belafonte's song "Day-O") won the final $516.32 and trophy of the NBC era. Gotterer presented the award as Barris had been escorted off the set by NBC security.
Syndicated (1976–80)The Gong Show continued on TV in syndication for two years after its daytime counterpart's cancellation, often broadcast on weekends and at night. The entire syndicated run from September 1976 to September 1980 was distributed by Firestone Program Services. While the series eventually met its demise in syndication as it had on NBC, according to Barris, the problem did not lie with any outrageous acts, but instead the controversy and public outcry over another series he had produced.
In September 1979, Barris launched the game show Three's a Crowd, which was a spin-off of The Newlywed Game. Instead of recently married couples trying to match answers, the wives and secretaries of married men would compete to show who knew the men better. Religious activists and feminist groups protested against Three's a Crowd and its ratings eventually forced the show's cancellation during the middle of the season.
In Barris' autobiography The Game Show King, he wrote that "the public backlash from Three's a Crowd not only caused the program to be canceled, but it took three other TV shows of mine with it. I went to my house in Malibu and stayed there for a year." Gong was one of those shows to be canceled, and Barris never hosted another series. The trauma from the Three's a Crowd's backlash was so severe, in the last several weeks of the Gong Show, Barris reportedly had "a small nervous breakdown" on-air, because he was "bored to death" with broadcasting. His next two series, revivals of the 1960s game show Camouflage (the replacement for Three's a Crowd) and his 1973–77 series Treasure Hunt (toward which Barris had little or no input, according to host Geoff Edwards), both failed to find audiences and Barris went further into his self-imposed exile from television. Barris would not have another hit series until the 1985 syndication revival of The Newlywed Game.
Reruns of the NBC shows began in syndication in Fall 1979. The NBC and syndicated episodes were rerun on the USA Network and Game Show Network, although by the time GSN picked up the series, many episodes could not be broadcast because of musical performance clearance issues. No episodes from the first syndicated season were rerun.
Later incarnations
A syndicated weekday revival of The Gong Show, hosted by San Francisco disc jockey Don Bleu, ran during the 1988–89 season from September 12, 1988, to May 26, 1989, with reruns airing through September 15. Each winner was paid $701.
The last show of the Don Bleu's revival is dedicated for a long-week tribute to France.Extreme Gong, a later incarnation of The Gong Show on the Game Show Network had viewers vote on its acts by telephone. It was hosted by George Gray and ran from October 5, 1998, to August 31, 1999, with reruns continuing to air up until Fall of 2000. Winners received $317.69. This version was well known for two known incidents: one episode featuring "Cody the Talking Dog" for which he tried to say things like "I love you" and "ice cream" but did not succeed in talking, and another featuring a Village People parody as The Village Little People where they sang a cover of "YMCA". Orange County comedy punk band the Radioactive Chicken Heads (then called Joe & the Chicken Heads) made their national television debut on Extreme Gong, though they were gonged midway through their performance. Near the end of the show's run, an hour-long "Tournament of Talent" special was aired in August 1999, with twelve previous winning acts (chosen by viewers via a phone-in poll) competing for a payoff of $10,000.
Comedy Central debuted a new incarnation called The Gong Show with Dave Attell, which lasted for eight weeks in the summer of 2008. The show's format was similar to the original, but its scoring was based on a scale of 0 to 500, and winning acts received $600. The $600 was shown as paid in cash on the spot, rather than being paid by check as in earlier versions, but in reality (because of contestant eligibility regulations by Sony) was paid as a check from Sony Pictures. In place of a typical trophy, winners were awarded a belt in the style of boxing championship belts.
A live stage version of The Gong Show took place at B.B. King's Blues Club, in the Times Square district of New York City on August 12, 2010. It was produced by The Radio Chick, and is the Sony authorized stage production. This production went into development in 2011–12 and now runs regularly in New York City, with engagements in other U.S. cities.
2017 revival
On October 3, 2016, ABC and Sony Pictures announced a 10-episode summer 2017 revival of The Gong Show executive produced by Will Arnett.
The broadcast of the 2017 revival premiered on ABC on June 22, 2017, hosted by previously unknown "British comedian" Tommy Maitland. Maitland is, in fact, a character portrayed by Mike Myers, although neither ABC nor Myers confirmed this and ABC officially credited Maitland as host and executive producer. Maitland's catchphrase is "Who's a cheeky monkey?" He also periodically uses Barris' "back with more stuff" catchphrase to lead into commercials.
Celebrity guest judges for the 2017 revival included Arnett, Zach Galifianakis, Alison Brie, Andy Samberg, Elizabeth Banks, Tracee Ellis Ross, Joel McHale, Megan Fox, Courteney Cox, Dana Carvey, Will Forte, Jack Black, Jennifer Aniston, Ken Jeong, Fred Armisen, Maya Rudolph and Anthony Anderson. Among the more notable acts featured on the revival are the Radioactive Chicken Heads, making their second appearance on a Gong Show incarnation since Extreme Gong in 1998. The first season of this version also features a regular segment featuring a staff performer leading the audience in a sing-along of the novelty song "Shaving Cream", reminiscent of the recurring gag acts on the earlier version.
The winner of each show received a gong trophy and an oversized check in the amount of US$2,000.17, later increased by a penny the following year. The final episode of the first season featured a memorial to Barris, who died prior to the series' premiere in 2017.
On January 8, 2018, ABC announced that the revival would be picked up for a second season, officially confirmed Myers as the portrayer of Maitland and crediting Myers as an executive producer by name. The second (and final) season premiered on June 21, 2018. Celebrity guest judges for season 2 included Jimmy Kimmel, Jason Sudeikis, Brad Paisley, Dana Carvey, Alyson Hannigan, Ken Jeong, Kristen Schaal, and Rob Riggle. However, the series was not renewed for a third season and was quietly cancelled.
Film
In 1980, The Gong Show Movie was released by Universal Pictures to scathing reviews and was quickly withdrawn from theatrical release. Advertising proclaimed it as "The Gong Show That Got Gonged by the Censor". It was seen periodically on cable TV, but was not released on home video until March 29, 2016, when the film was released on Blu-ray by Shout! Factory.Confessions of a Dangerous Mind, a film directed by George Clooney and written by Charlie Kaufman, was based on the semi-fictional autobiography of the same name by Chuck Barris. Part of the film chronicles the making of The Gong Show, and features several clips from the original series.
Following the success of the print and screen versions of Confessions, GSN produced a documentary called The Chuck Barris Story: My Life on the Edge, which included rare footage from the Gary Owens pilot.
International versions
Spinoffs
At the height of the Gong Show's popularity, NBC gave Barris a prime-time variety hour, The Chuck Barris Rah Rah Show. This was played somewhat more seriously than the Gong Show, with Jaye P. Morgan singing straight pop songs as in her nightclub and recording days, and bygone headliners like Slim Gaillard reprising their old hits for a studio audience. Other spinoffs include The $1.98 Beauty Show hosted by Rip Taylor and The Gong Show Movie.
See also
Minutes to Fame'', a similar Hong Kong talent show
References
External links
ABC version
The Gong Show (1976) on IMDb
The Gong Show (1988) on IMDb
Extreme Gong on IMDb
The Gong Show with Dave Attell on IMDb
The Gong Show (2017) on IMDb
1970s American comedy game shows
1976 American television series debuts
1980 American television series endings
1980s American comedy game shows
1988 American television series debuts
1989 American television series endings
2010s American comedy game shows
2017 American television series debuts
2018 American television series endings
American Broadcasting Company original programming
American television series revived after cancellation
English-language television shows
First-run syndicated television programs in the United States
NBC original programming
Talent shows
Television series by Barris Industries
Television series by Sony Pictures Television |
Bobbie Gentry and Glen Campbell is a studio album by American singer-songwriters Bobbie Gentry and Glen Campbell. It was released on September 16, 1968, by Capitol Records.
The album spawned two hit singles and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.
Gentry toured briefly with Campbell and performed on a number of American and British television programs and specials.
The album was reissued in the UK in 1983 by EMI's budget label mfp, under the title All I Have to Do Is Dream, featuring new cover art and a slightly re-sequenced track listing, including the duo's 1969 single "All I Have to Do Is Dream".
Critical reception
In the issue dated September 28, 1968, Billboard magazine published a review calling the album "a dynamite sales package teaming the talents of Campbell and Gentry. The duetting on a well planned program of pop hits is a natural for fast programming and top sales. They excel in their blend of Campbell's hit "Gentle on My Mind" and "My Elusive Dreams". The Bobbie Gentry composition "Mornin' Glory" comes up a winner in their reading."
Cashbox also published a review on September 28, which said, "Capitol has combined the talents of its two top pop/country artists and the result is sure to be a profitable sales future. Artistically the pair go together like Siamese twins, and there could be several singles in the set. Our choice is "Sunday Mornin'", the recent Spanky and Our Gang effort, but votes can also be cast for "Scarborough fair / Canticle" and "Less of Me", the latter a Campbell original. Multi-market airplay and sales on tap."
The review published in Record World said, "Two country folks who recently brought their talents to town and TV and other places, get together for a little hoedown slowdown showdown. Very pretty renditions of "Mornin' Glory", "My Elusive Dreams", "Sunday Mornin'" and "Scarborough Fair"."
Commercial performance
The album peaked at No. 1 on the US Billboard Top Country LP's chart and No. 11 on the US Billboard Top LP's chart. In Canada the album peaked at No. 8 on the RPM Top Albums chart. In the UK the album peaked at No. 50 on the OCC Albums Chart.
The album was certified gold by the RIAA on January 29, 1969.
The album's first single, "Mornin' Glory", was released in October 1968. It peaked at No. 32 on the US Billboard Top 40 Easy Listening chart and No. 74 on the US Billboard Hot 100. In Canada the single peaked at No. 81 on the RPM Top Singles chart. The single's B-side, "Less of Me", peaked at No. 44 on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles chart.
In November 1968, "Little Green Apples" was released as a single in Brazil, but failed to chart.
"Let It Be Me", was released as a single in January 1969. It peaked at No. 7 on the US Billboard Top 40 Easy Listening chart, No. 14 on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles chart and No. 36 on the US Billboard Hot 100. In Canada the single peaked at No. 1 on the RPM Top Country Singles chart, No. 15 on the RPM Top Easy Listening Singles chart and No. 85 on the RPM Top Singles chart.
Track listing
Original release (1968)
All I Have to Do Is Dream (1983)
Personnel
Adapted from the album liner notes.
Dick Brown - cover photo
Glen Campbell – vocals
Al DeLory – producer, arrangements, conductor
Bobbie Gentry – vocals
Kelly Gordon – producer
Tommy Oliver – arrangements, conductor
Chart positions
Album
Singles
References
External links
[ Bobbie Gentry and Glen Campbell] at Allmusic
Let Me Be A Little Kinder- poem written by Edgar Guest with the words to 'Less of Me.'
1968 albums
Bobbie Gentry albums
Glen Campbell albums
Capitol Records albums
Vocal duet albums
Albums recorded at Capitol Studios |
Ebenezer Joseph Mather (12 June 1849 – 23 December 1927) was the founder of The Royal National Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen now often abbreviated as the Fishermen's Mission. He is affectionally remembered as 'the fisherman's friend'.
Early life
Ebenezer was born on 12 June 1849 at Foregate Street, Stafford, England. He was the son of shoe manufacturer Henry Penkett Mather and his wife Elizabeth Douthwaite. Ebenezer was raised as a member of the Plymouth Brethren; however, in later life he joined the Church of England and remained Anglican for the rest of his life. According to the 1871 census, he was noted as an auditor. Ebenezer married his first wife, Caroline Eliza Lough, in Islington on 4 September 1872. After various moves and a growing family, Ebenezer moved to Islington, where he became secretary of the 'Thames Church Mission Society' which was founded in 1844.
Fishermen's Mission
Ebenezer founded "The National Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen" in 1881 after being shocked by the poor conditions in which fishermen worked and lived. In the 19th century fishing was notoriously dangerous with high fatality rates. In 1896 the mission was given the royal approval by Queen Victoria, adding 'Royal' to the mission's name. The mission went on to help many during WW1 and WW2 as scores of fisherman's trawlers were used to help merchant convoys and defense against attacks from the air as well as mine sweeping. The mission still operates to this day.
Writings
According to the Bibliography of Australian Literature, Ebenezer wrote a fiction piece called 'The Squatter's Bairn'. He also wrote 'Nor'ard of the Dogger'and 'Deep sea Trials and Gospel Triumphs in 1887.
Later life
Ebenezer Mather retired to Canvey Island, where he published his biography, Memories of Christian Service. He married his second wife, May Ethel Timewell (who was his nurse), on 16 June 1925. Only two years later, Ebenezer died of heart failure. On 28 December 1927, he was buried at St Katherine's Churchyard on Canvey Island.
See also
Sailors' Society
Mission to Seafarers
References
External links
Fishermen's mission official website
1849 births
1927 deaths
People from Stafford
People from the London Borough of Islington
People from Canvey Island |
Spheres is the fourth studio album by Nekropolis, released independently in 1988.
Track listing
Personnel
Adapted from the Spheres liner notes.
Peter Frohmader – electronics
Release history
References
External links
Spheres at Discogs (list of releases)
1988 albums
Nekropolis albums |
Victoricus (or Victorice, Victoric), Fuscian (or Fulcian, Fulcien, Fuscien) and Gentian (or Gentien) (died circa 287–303) were three Christian martyrs later venerated as Roman Catholic saints. Their feast day falls on 11 December.
Hagiography
According to tradition, Victoricus and Fuscian were missionaries from the city of Rome were preaching the Christian religion in the city of Therouanne, and in the areas inhabited by the people known as the Morini. They were followers of Saint Quentin, as well as of Crispin and Crispinian.
Near Amiens, they met Gentian, who warned them that Christians were being killed for their faith. Later, the governor Rictius Varus (Rictiovarus) questioned Gentian about the whereabouts of Victoricus and Fuscian. Gentian refused to tell him and was consequently beheaded. According to the Golden Legend, the governor later brought Victoricus and Fuscian to Amiens. "Then took spears of iron and put them through their ears and through their nostrils, and had them decapitated. And by the will and power of our Lord, they arose up, and took their heads in their hands, and bare them two miles far from the place where they had been beheaded." It is said that all three were buried at the place called Saint-Fuscien.
Veneration
It is said that Honoratus of Amiens, seventh bishop of Amiens (d. ca. 600), had discovered in his diocese the relics of these martyrs. Childebert attempted to possess these relics, but was prevented from removing them. Subsequently, the king made generous gifts to endow the cult of the three saints and sent goldsmiths to fashion decorative pieces in their honour.
Statues of Fuscian, Gentian and Victoricus stand in the left portal of Amiens Cathedral.
During the 7th century, Saint Audomare (Omer) re-evangelized the same area.
References
External links
Stephen Murray, The Portals: Access to Redemption
Saint Victoric et Saint Fuscien
Saints trios
280s deaths
3rd-century Christian martyrs
3rd-century Gallo-Roman people
Cephalophores
Gallo-Roman saints
Year of birth unknown
Groups of Christian martyrs of the Roman era |
Puławy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rymanów, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately south of Rymanów, south-east of Krosno, and south of the regional capital Rzeszów.
Pulawy is 310 km South of Warsaw, the country's capital city.
References
Villages in Krosno County |
Caribicus warreni, commonly known as the Haitian giant galliwasp or the Hispaniolan giant galliwasp, is a species of lizard in the family Diploglossidae. The species is endemic to the island of Hispaniola.
Taxonomy
It was formerly classified in the genus Celestus, but was moved to Caribicus in 2021.
Etymology
The specific name, warreni, is in honor of Mr. C. Rhea Warren who collected herpetological specimens on Île de la Tortue.
Geographic range
C. warreni is found in both the Dominican Republic and Haiti.
Description
True to its common name, C. warreni is a large anguid, weighing in at .
Habitat
The natural habitat of C. warreni are Hispaniolan moist forests underneath leaf litter and forest debris.
Diet
The giant Hispaniolan galliwasp is an opportunistic predator that feed on insects, earthworms, small mammals, and other reptiles.
Conservation status
C. warreni is threatened by habitat loss, predation by invasive species (such as the small Indian mongoose), and collection for the illegal pet trade. Persecution is also an issue; the galliwasp is erroneously believed to be venomous by locals, and is often killed on sight across the island.
References
Further reading
Schwartz A (1970). "A new species of large Diploglossus (Sauria: Anguidae) from Hispaniola". Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 82: 777–788. (Diploglossus warreni, new species).
Schwartz A, Thomas R (1975). A Check-list of West Indian Amphibians and Reptiles. Carnegie Museum of Natural History Special Publication No. 1. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 216 pp. (Diploglossus warreni, p. 122).
Caribicus
Reptiles described in 1970
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Reptiles of the Dominican Republic
Reptiles of Haiti
Endemic fauna of Hispaniola
Lizards of the Caribbean
Taxa named by Albert Schwartz (zoologist)
Species endangered by the pet trade |
Strangalia strigosa is a species of flower longhorn in the beetle family Cerambycidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Lepturinae
Articles created by Qbugbot
Beetles described in 1841 |
Tinissa convoluta is a moth of the family Tineidae. It was described by Robinson in 1976. It is found in New Guinea.
References
Moths described in 1976
Scardiinae |
Tommy Restivo is an American football coach and former player. He was the defensive coordinator at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Playing career
Restivo lettered at linebacker while playing for the Tigers of Georgetown College, graduating in 2006.
Coaching career
Early Coaching Career
Following his playing career, Restivo joined the coaching staff at Marshall as a graduate assistant for the 2007 season. In 2008 and 2009, he was a defensive quality control coach at Florida, working for defensive coordinator Charlie Strong. They won the BCS National Championship in 2009. In 2010, when Strong was hired as the head coach at Louisville, Restivo followed him. He worked as a defensive quality control coach in 2010 and 2011, before being promoted to defensive backs coach in 2012 and 2013.
FCS Experience
From 2014 through 2017, Restivo was a defensive coordinator at the FCS level. In ’14 and ’15, he was the defensive coordinator on Buddy Pough at South Carolina State. His defenses here ranked in the top 10 in the FCS multiple categories. In 2016, Restivo joined Lance Guidry’s staff at McNeese State as the defensive coordinator, before returning to South Carolina State in 2017. He again served as the defensive coordinator.
South Florida
In 2018, Restivo reunited with Charlie Strong when he joined the staff at South Florida as the safeties coach. That season, he helped coach a defense that forced 22 turnovers.
UMass
For the 2019 season, Restivo joined new head coach Walt Bell’s staff at UMass as the co-defensive coordinator and linebackers coach. Coach was let go with the Walt Bell on November 7. Athletic Director Ryan Bamford wished both men good luck.
Personal life
Restivo is from Plainfield, IN. He graduated with a degree in Kinesiology.
References
External links
UMass profile
Living people
American football linebackers
Georgetown Tigers football players
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Bongani Christopher Majola is an advocate of the High Court of South Africa, an academic, human rights scholar, and the previous Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN) International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). He currently serves as the chairperson of the South African Human Rights Commission.
Academic background
South African studies
Bongani Majola did his studies in law at the University of Zululand and obtained a Public Service Law Diploma in 1975, a Public Service Senior Law Certificate in 1977 and a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree in 1982. From 1982 to 1988 he was a senior lecturer and the Associate Professor of Law at the University of Bophuthatswana where he was responsible for teaching law courses to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Majola then became a professor and the dean of the law faculty at the University of the North from 1989 to 1996.
International studies
Majola obtained a Master of Laws (LLM) degree from Harvard Law School in 1988. In 1990 he spent time at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University in Washington, D.C., as a visiting professor, and in 1993/4 he was at Yale University as a research fellow.
Career
Early career
Majola's career began as an Administrative Clerk and Clerk of the Magistrate's Court from 1971 to 1974 in the Madadeni district in KwaZulu-Natal, where he conducted "mostly government clerical work including collection of revenue, population registration, writing reports and labour matters." His experience with criminal trials started in Madadeni when he was appointed the District Court Magistrate from 1977 to 1979, following which he was seconded to the Institute for Public Service Training at the University of Zululand as a magistrate and lecturer from 1979 to 1982 - which also coincided with his studies at the university. Majola served as a legal adviser to Theme Committee 3 of the South African Constitutional Assembly that was responsible for drafting the Constitution of South Africa in 1995.
Legal Resources Centre
After his academic career Majola moved to Johannesburg in 1996 where he was appointed the National Director of the Legal Resources Centre (LRC), which is a non-profit public interest law organisation that defends poor and marginalised people in South Africa. During his time at the LRC he was involved with the Treatment Action Campaign in 2002 in relation to the "constitutional provisions dealing with the right of access by poor people to medical [health] care." In December 2000 Majola was elected to the board of the South African arm of the Open Society Foundations by billionaire and philanthropist George Soros. On the 21st anniversary of the LRC, Majola wrote an article about the significant contributions made by the LRC to the "development of a human rights jurisprudence and the strengthening of constitutional democracy" in South Africa.
United Nations
ICTR Deputy Chief Prosecutor
In January 2003 Majola left the LRC to become the Deputy Chief Prosecutor at the UN ICTR headquartered in Arusha, Tanzania. His work included supporting the Chief Prosecutor Hassan Bubacar Jallow in "the prosecution of suspects indicted for international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes committed during the Rwandan genocide of 1994." In a report by the Institute of Security Studies on the investigation and prosecution of international crimes, Majola wrote an article on the work of the ICTR and the challenges pertaining to the prosecution of persons accused of "genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes".
ICTR Assistant Secretary-General
After 10 years as the Deputy Chief Prosecutor of the ICTR, Majola was appointed by Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, as the Assistant Secretary-General of the UN and Registrar of the ICTR. His role as Registrar was to support the organs of the ICTR, which are the judges, the Chambers and the Office of the Prosecutor. His duties also included being the head of the ICTR administration where he provided court management services, staff management, administrative support and Majola "handled related litigation within the UN internal justice system." Following the successful conclusion of the mandate of the ICTR and its subsequent closure in December 2015, Majola left his position as the Assistant Secretary-General.
South African Human Rights Commission
On 2 December 2016 President Jacob Zuma appointed Majola as the chairperson of the South African Human Rights Commission. Majola's seven-year term commenced on 3 January 2017.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Harvard Law School alumni
University of Zululand alumni
South African officials of the United Nations
Zulu people
21st-century South African lawyers |
Marble Hall () was the private residence of Sir Catchick Paul Chater, co-founder of Hongkong Land. It was situated at 1 Conduit Road, Hong Kong, and constructed 1901–1904 from imported European marble. Historians regard it as one of the finest ever examples of architecture in Hong Kong.
History
Sir Paul chose a site above Victoria, 500 feet above sea level. Designed by Leigh & Orange, a most sumptuous residence was constructed from imported marble quarried in Italy and Greece and finished in Belgium. It had extensive gardens, and a gatehouse. Historians regard 'Marble Hall' as among the finest constructions ever executed in Hong Kong. Externally, it was constructed of stuccoed brick. Inside was a magnificent staircase made from Italian marble; it was finished in teak and mahogany.(p41)
Chater died in 1926, and bequeathed Marble Hall and its entire contents, including his unique collection of porcelain and paintings, to Hong Kong. While Chater's wife was allowed to live in Marble Hall as a life tenant until her death in 1935, some source mention that she may have left Hong Kong in 1927. Ownership passed to the government after her death. It became "Admiralty House" – the official residence of the Naval Commander-in-Chief, and was commandeered by Japanese during their occupation.
Post-war
Marble Hall accidentally burned down in 1946, and the government buildings occupied the site since its demolition in 1953. Government residences named 'Chater Hall Flats' are today located on the site of Marble Hall.
All that remains today is the gatekeeper's lodge, which has been given a Grade 2 classification by the Antiquities Advisory Board.
References
External links
Antiquities Advisory Board. Historic Building Appraisal Gatekeeper's Lodge of Marble Hall, No. 1 Conduit Road, Mid-Levels, Hong Kong Pictures
Houses completed in 1904
Former buildings and structures in Hong Kong
Houses in Hong Kong |
Ain Prosa (born 7 October 1967 in Räpina) is an Estonian film and theatre director, and actor.
In 1996, he graduated from Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre.
1990–2000, he worked at ETV Teleteater.
Works and roles
1993 "Õnne 13" (television series; director)
1995 "Wikmani poisid" (television series; Maim's role)
2006 "Ohtlik lend" (television series; director)
2008 "Tuulepealne maa" (television series; director)
2009 "Kättemaksukontor" (television series; director)
References
Living people
1967 births
Estonian film directors
Estonian theatre directors
Estonian male stage actors
Estonian male television actors
Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre alumni
People from Räpina |
Samantha Spiro (born 20 June 1968) is an English actress and singer. She is best known for portraying Barbara Windsor in the stage play Cleo, Camping, Emmanuelle and Dick and the television films Cor, Blimey! and Babs, DI Vivien Friend in M.I.T.: Murder Investigation Team, Melessa Tarly in the HBO series Game of Thrones and Maureen Groff in Sex Education. She has won two Laurence Olivier Awards.
Background
Born in Mill Hill, London, England, Spiro grew up in Radlett, Hertfordshire. She is Jewish. Spiro decided to be an actress at the age of ten after seeing a production of Androcles and the Lion at the Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park. She joined the National Youth Theatre and later trained at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.
Spiro attended Bancroft's School from 1982 to 1985 and subsequently returned in 2016 for an Arts & Drama masterclass Spiro spoke about how her time at Bancroft's had fuelled her enthusiasm for a career in the Arts.
Spiro married actor Mark Leadbetter, whom she met at drama school, in February 2002. They have two daughters and live in Queen's Park, London.
Career
Theatre
Spiro's first acting job after graduating from drama school was with the Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park, in productions of A Midsummer Night's Dream, The Boys From Syracuse and Macbeth. Her many theatre credits include As You Like It, Teechers, The Tragic Roundabout, Jumpers, On the Piste, Roots, How the Other Half Loves and Glyn and It, opposite Penelope Keith.
Spiro played Barbara Windsor in Cleo, Camping, Emmanuelle and Dick at the National Theatre, a production she credits as her first big break, which "open[ed] a lot of doors". She has also appeared in the Minerva Theatre production of Funny Girl and the first West End revival of Alan Ayckbourn's Bedroom Farce.
Spiro played Rachel in Mike Leigh's production of Two Thousand Years at the National Theatre. This was the first Jewish role of her career. She said:
For English/Jewish artists in this business, we’re English first and the Jewish thing comes down the line. Whereas in the United States, Jewishness is a much celebrated thing. Jewishness is a part of their very being.
Here, I think, we repress it and, far from celebrating it, almost shy away from it. After Two Thousand Years, I suddenly felt that there is a place for people like me. Until that point I hadn’t had a career playing Jewish people. I had got that stuff out of the way by the time I came to play Fanny Brice [in Funny Girl] who is very much a Jewish character.
In 2009, Spiro played Maria in the Donmar Warehouse production of Twelfth Night at the Wyndham's Theatre, alongside Derek Jacobi, and Beatrice in Much Ado About Nothing at the Open Air Theatre. Most recently, she appeared in the acclaimed Open Air Theatre production of Hello, Dolly!, playing Dolly Levi.
In 2013, Spiro played Lady Macbeth in Macbeth at Shakespeare's Globe, alongside Billy Boyd and Joseph Millson.
Discussing whether she prefers acting in the theatre to television or film, Spiro said: "I think theatre prefers me. These days you have to do both, but it never feels as if the TV casting people are beating down my door to offer me work. I just feel that in this business you are lucky if you’re doing something you enjoy."
Television, film and radio
Spiro reprised the role of Barbara Windsor in the television adaptation of Cleo, Camping, Emmanuelle and Dick, Cor, Blimey!, starring opposite Geoffrey Hutchings.
Her other television credits include The Bill, Cold Feet, Plebs, Coupling, After You've Gone and M.I.T.: Murder Investigation Team, in which she played the lead role of DI Vivien Friend. She described the role of Friend as "quite an unusual departure for me...I've done quite a bit of comedy and I've played characters who are light-hearted and characters who are tarts with hearts. In M.I.T. there is no tart or heart!" In order to research the part, Spiro spent time with a female Detective Inspector with the real-life Murder Investigation Team. From 9 August 2010, Spiro starred in the BBC comedy Grandma's House. She plays the part of Simon Amstell's aunt Liz. In 2012 she also appeared in the SkyArts comedy series Psychobitches, where she played various female icons including Audrey Hepburn, Elizabeth Taylor, Marilyn Monroe and Mary Whitehouse.
In September 2013, Spiro joined the cast of the BBC Three sitcom Bad Education as Professor Celia Green, the new deputy headmaster and adversary to Jack Whitehall's character.
In 2013 Spiro starred in an episode of the Sky Atlantic series Little Crackers, an autobiographical comedy written by Rebecca Front in which Spiro played Front's mother.
In 2016 she joined the HBO series Game of Thrones in Season 6 as Melessa Tarly, the mother of Samwell Tarly. That year she also joined Tracey Ullman's Show in the recurring role of Birgit, the fictitious fridge-magnet-loving personal assistant and confidante to Tracey Ullman's impression of German Chancellor Angela Merkel. She reprised her role in Ullman's Tracey Breaks the News. In 2017 Spiro reprised her role of Barbara Windsor in the BBC1 drama Babs, a biopic based on the life of Windsor. She also appeared in the Doctor Who episode "The Doctor Falls", as Hazran.
Spiro has appeared in the films Beyond Bedlam (1994), as WPC Foster, and Tomorrow La Scala! (2002), as Janey. She also played Martha Tabram in From Hell (2001), opposite Johnny Depp.
Her radio drama credits include The Casebook of Inspector Steine, Gospel According to Mary, Little Cinderellas, Beside the Seaside,
Show Boat in which she played Magnolia Hawks, Sarah Kahn in Chicken Soup with Barley and the Guy Meredith play Spring Forward, Fall Back for BBC Radio 7.
In 2018 Spiro played the role of Mrs Erlynne in Kathy Burke's production of Oscar Wilde's Lady Windermere's Fan at London's Vaudeville Theatre. This production was recorded and shown in cinemas under the "More2Screen" initiative.
From 2019 to 2023, Spiro portrayed the recurring character Maureen Groff in Laurie Nunn's British comedy-drama series Sex Education.
Awards
In 2001, Spiro was awarded the Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her performance in the 2000 season Donmar Warehouse production of Merrily We Roll Along. She won a Whatsonstage.com award for Best Actress in a Musical for the same production. In 2010, Spiro was once again awarded the Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her performance in Hello, Dolly! at the Open Air Theatre, Regent's Park.
Spiro won a 2004 Joseph Jefferson Award for Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical, for the production of A Little Night Music at the Chicago Shakespeare Theater in Chicago, Illinois.
In the 2011 British Comedy Awards she won the Best Female Comedy Breakthrough Artist award for her performance in Grandma's House.
Filmography
Film
Television
Theatre
Lady Windermere's Fan Vaudeville Theatre, West End (2018)
The House They Grew Up In Chichester Minerva (2017)
Guys and Dolls Phoenix Theatre
The Taming Of The Shrew d: Toby Frow, Shakespeare's Globe
Filumena d: Michael Attenborough, Almeida Theatre
Company d: Jonathan Munby, Sheffield Crucible
Chicken Soup With Barley d: Dominic Cooke, Royal Court Theatre
Hello Dolly (Dolly) d:Tim Sheader, Regents Park
Best Actress in a Musical – 2010 Olivier Awards
Much Ado About Nothing (Beatrice) d: Tim Sheader, Regents Park
Twelfth Night (Maria) d: Michael Grandage, Donmar / Wyndhams
Funny Girl (Fanny Brice) d: Angus Jackson, Chichester Festival
The Family Plays (Mother) d: Joe Hill-Gibbons, Royal Court Theatre
Two Thousand Years d: Mike Leigh, Royal National Theatre
A Little Night Music (Charlotte) d: Gary Griffin Chicago Shakespeare's Theatre
Winner: Best Supporting Actress in a Musical, Joseph Jefferson Awards 2004
A Midsummer Night's Dream (Titania/Hippolyta) d: Michael Grandage Crucible, Sheffield
Bedroom Farce (Jan) d: Loveday Ingram Michael Codron Plays
Merrily We Roll Along (Mary Flynn) d: Michael Grandage Donmar Warehouse
Olivier Awards 2001 & Whatsonstage.com Awards 2001 – Best Actress in a Musical
As You Like It (Celia) d: Michael Grandage Crucible & Lyric
Jumpers (Dorothy Moore) d: Bill Alexander Birmingham Rep
Cleo Camping...(Barbara Windsor) d: Terry Johnson Royal National Theatre
Roots (Beatie Bryant) d: John Retallack Watford Palace/Oxford
As You Like It (Phoebe) d: Polly Irvin W. Yorkshire/Bristol
Teechers (Gail Saunders) d: Graham Watts Hull Truck & No 1 Tour
On The Piste (Bev Ryan) d: Graham Watts Hull Truck
How The Other Half Lovers (Mary) d: Penelope Keith Theatre Royal, Windsor
Glyn & ‘It’ (Clara Bow) d: Richard Cottrell Yvonne Arnaud & tour
Midsummer Night's Dream (Hermia) d: Delena Kidd London & Middle East
Tons Of Money (Simpson) d: David Conville Mercury Th, Colchester
Midsummer Night's Dream (First Fairy) d: Ian Talbot Regents Park Open Air
As You Like It (Audrey) d: Maria Aitkin Regents Park Open Air
Lady Be Good (Daisy) d: Ian Talbot Regents Park Open Air
Macbeth (Witch) d: Bill Baunt Regents Park Open Air
The Boys From Syracuse'' (Courtesan) d: Judi Dench Regents Park Open Air
References
External links
1968 births
Living people
Alumni of the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art
English musical theatre actresses
English stage actresses
English television actresses
English film actresses
English radio actresses
Jewish English actresses
Actresses from London
Laurence Olivier Award winners
People from Mill Hill
English Shakespearean actresses
English people of German-Jewish descent
National Youth Theatre members
20th-century English actresses
21st-century English actresses
Actresses from Hertfordshire
People from Radlett
People educated at Bancroft's School |
The Shiny Show is a British educational children's quiz show, broadcast in the United Kingdom by CBeebies, that was produced by Open Mind Productions. It was aired in 2002 and 2003, and was aimed particularly at children between the ages of 3 and 6 years old. Each show featured a quiz with six questions, based around different subjects, and featured four star characters: Tigs the Tiger, Mukka the Monkey, Dogsby the Dog and Alarmorama the machine.
Characters
Tigs
Tigs is an orange tiger, who is often portrayed as confident and big-headed. She is still extremely lively and always gets the starring role in the short plays or poems the group act out in between rounds. She has a lucky object called Mr. Cheese, a plastic lump of cheese that squeaks whenever it is squeezed. Voiced by Sue Monroe.
Mukka
Mukka is an extremely hyperactive purple monkey. He has a lucky object called Fluffy Stuff and a pet lump called Lumpy. Voiced by Wim Booth.
Dogsby
Dogsby is a brown dog, the most sensible member of the group, and usually stays calm in most circumstances. Dogsby's lucky object is a purple and yellow hat named Lucky Hat, which Dogsby never wears because if he wears it he "might get too lucky!". Dogsby loves cabbages, and is also not very good at getting colours right. Voiced by Sally Preisig (series 1), Sam Mason (series 2) and Liz Fost (one-off Christmas CBeebies appearance).
Alarmorama
Alarmorama (often mentioned by Dogsby, Mukka and Tigs) is a toy machine situated on one of the walls in the living room. Although Alarmorama doesn't speak, it communicates using various noises. Alarmorama does many actions, including:
Playing the show's theme song, and then starting the show.
Choosing the quizzer – the person who will ask all the questions for a particular episode of the show.
Playing the quizzer's song.
Starting rounds.
Giving the shinies and the Super Shiny to the audience at home.
Waving with one hand from side to side, as if to say "Goodbye", to indicate the end of the show.
NOTE: In some selected series one episodes, when Mukka and Tigs are being either noisy or crazy and the Alarmorama starts the next round standing in line, Dogsby says "Thank you, Alarmorama" or sometimes "Saved by Alarmorama." generally in a relieved voice.
Overview
There are three rounds in the quiz, each with a short film in which the three animal contestants watch before answering the two questions. The aim of the game is to answer as many questions correctly as possible, and beat the other player(s). For every question you get correct you can "give yourself a shiny". The person who answers the most questions correctly wins the Super Shiny. If it ends in a draw then both players win the Super Shiny. The quizzer would always tell the viewer that if they got many questions right then they would be considered a winner too.
In between the three rounds, the three animal characters, Dogsby the dog, Tigs the tiger and Mukka the monkey, act out a story or drama play loosely based around the theme of the films the quiz is based on. Some of the dialogue in these sequences carries on at two levels, which makes The Shiny Show one of CBeebies' more entertaining shows for parents.
Episodes
Series 1 (2002)
The first series was copyrighted in 2002, when the CBeebies channel was launched. All 40 episodes were on every day at 8:30am, 12:30pm and 4:30pm on CBeebies.
Series 2 (2003)
On 25 March 2003, a second series was released and shown on CBeebies every day at 8:30am, 12:30pm and 4:30pm like the first series.
References
External links
BBC children's television shows
British television shows featuring puppetry
2002 British television series debuts
2000s British children's television series
Television series about cats
Television series about monkeys
Television shows about dogs
BBC television game shows
British children's game shows
2000s British game shows
CBeebies
British preschool education television series
2000s preschool education television series
English-language television shows
2003 British television series endings |
Selma Yildirim (born 25 August 1969) is an Austrian politician who is a member of the National Council and deputy chairperson of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ).
Life
Yildirim was born in 1969 in Istanbul, Turkey, and moved to Austria as a child. She studied law at the University of Innsbruck. She is the leader of the SPÖ Tirol's women's organisation since 2014. In November 2019 Yildirim became the party's spokesperson on judicial affairs.
Yildirim was elected to the National Council in the 2017 election, after running as her party's leading candidate in Tyrol. She kept her seat after the 2019 election.
Earlier, in April 2017, Yildirim had been nominated to become a judge on the , but she was rejected in 2018 because she became a member of parliament in the meantime.
References
External links
1969 births
Living people
Austrian people of Turkish descent
Politicians from Istanbul
Social Democratic Party of Austria politicians
Members of the National Council (Austria) |
Hundertmark is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bruce Hundertmark, Australian businessman
Jean Hundertmark (born 1954), American politician
Lothar Hundertmark, German composer
Rowan Hundertmark, Australian rules football umpire until 2017
(1715–1762), German author |
```objective-c
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
// from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
// EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
// OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
#ifndef APEX_STRING_H
#define APEX_STRING_H
#include "ApexUsingNamespace.h"
#include "PsArray.h"
#include "PsString.h"
#include "PsArray.h"
#include "PsUserAllocated.h"
#include <PxFileBuf.h>
namespace nvidia
{
namespace apex
{
/**
* ApexSimpleString - a simple string class
*/
class ApexSimpleString : public physx::Array<char>, public UserAllocated
{
public:
ApexSimpleString() : physx::Array<char>(), length(0)
{
}
explicit ApexSimpleString(const char* cStr) : physx::Array<char>(), length(0)
{
if (cStr)
{
length = (uint32_t)strlen(cStr);
if (length > 0)
{
resize(length + 1);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin(), size(), cStr);
}
}
}
ApexSimpleString(const ApexSimpleString& other) : physx::Array<char>()
{
length = other.length;
if (length > 0)
{
resize(length + 1);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin(), capacity(), other.c_str());
}
else
{
resize(0);
}
}
ApexSimpleString(uint32_t number, uint32_t fixedLength = 0) : length(fixedLength)
{
if (fixedLength)
{
char format[5]; format[0] = '%'; format[1] = '0';
char buffer[10];
if (fixedLength > 9)
{
PX_ASSERT(fixedLength);
fixedLength = 9;
}
physx::shdfnd::snprintf(format + 2, 2, "%d", fixedLength);
format[3] = 'd'; format[4] = '\0';
physx::shdfnd::snprintf(buffer, 10, format, number);
resize(length + 1);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin(), size(), buffer);
}
else
{
char buffer[10];
physx::shdfnd::snprintf(buffer, 10, "%d", number);
length = 1;
while (number >= 10)
{
number /= 10;
length++;
}
resize(length + 1);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin(), size(), buffer);
}
}
ApexSimpleString& operator = (const ApexSimpleString& other)
{
length = other.length;
if (length > 0)
{
resize(length + 1);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin(), capacity(), other.c_str());
}
else
{
resize(0);
}
return *this;
}
ApexSimpleString& operator = (const char* cStr)
{
if (!cStr)
{
erase();
}
else
{
length = (uint32_t)strlen(cStr);
if (length > 0)
{
resize(length + 1);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin(), capacity(), cStr);
}
else
{
resize(0);
}
}
return *this;
}
void truncate(uint32_t newLength)
{
if (newLength < length)
{
length = newLength;
begin()[length] = '\0';
}
}
void serialize(physx::PxFileBuf& stream) const
{
stream.storeDword(length);
stream.write(begin(), length);
}
void deserialize(physx::PxFileBuf& stream)
{
uint32_t len = stream.readDword();
if (len > 0)
{
resize(len + 1);
stream.read(begin(), len);
begin()[len] = '\0';
length = len;
}
else
{
erase();
}
}
uint32_t len() const
{
return length;
}
/* PH: Cast operator not allowed by coding guidelines, and evil in general anyways
operator const char* () const
{
return capacity() ? begin() : "";
}
*/
const char* c_str() const
{
return capacity() > 0 ? begin() : "";
}
bool operator==(const ApexSimpleString& s) const
{
return nvidia::strcmp(c_str(), s.c_str()) == 0;
}
bool operator!=(const ApexSimpleString& s) const
{
return ! this->operator==(s);
}
bool operator==(const char* s) const
{
return nvidia::strcmp(c_str(), s) == 0;
}
bool operator!=(const char* s) const
{
return ! this->operator==(s);
}
bool operator < (const ApexSimpleString& s) const
{
return nvidia::strcmp(c_str(), s.c_str()) < 0;
}
ApexSimpleString& operator += (const ApexSimpleString& s)
{
expandTo(length + s.length);
nvidia::strlcpy(begin() + length, capacity() - length, s.c_str());
length += s.length;
return *this;
}
ApexSimpleString& operator += (char c)
{
expandTo(length + 1);
begin()[length++] = c;
begin()[length] = '\0';
return *this;
}
ApexSimpleString operator + (const ApexSimpleString& s)
{
ApexSimpleString sum = *this;
sum += s;
return sum;
}
ApexSimpleString& clear()
{
if (capacity())
{
begin()[0] = '\0';
}
length = 0;
return *this;
}
ApexSimpleString& erase()
{
resize(0);
return clear();
}
static PX_INLINE void ftoa(float f, ApexSimpleString& s)
{
char buf[20];
physx::shdfnd::snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%g", f);
s = buf;
}
static PX_INLINE void itoa(uint32_t i, ApexSimpleString& s)
{
char buf[20];
physx::shdfnd::snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%i", i);
s = buf;
}
private:
void expandTo(uint32_t stringCapacity)
{
if (stringCapacity + 1 > capacity())
{
resize(2 * stringCapacity + 1);
}
}
uint32_t length;
};
PX_INLINE ApexSimpleString operator + (const ApexSimpleString& s1, const ApexSimpleString& s2)
{
ApexSimpleString result = s1;
result += s2;
return result;
}
} // namespace apex
} // namespace nvidia
#endif // APEX_STRING_H
``` |
The 2020 European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships took place at the Kraków-Kolna Canoe Slalom Course in Kraków, Poland from 1 to 4 October 2020 under the auspices of the European Canoe Association (ECA). The event was moved from its original date (13 to 16 August 2020) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the 22nd edition of the competition for Juniors (U18) and the 18th edition for the Under 23 category. Several leading countries (including Great Britain, Slovakia and Spain) opted out of the event completely.
Medal summary
Men
Canoe
Junior
U23
Kayak
Junior
U23
Women
Canoe
Junior
U23
Kayak
Junior
U23
Medal table
References
External links
European Canoe Association
European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships
European Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships |
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