text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
The is a B wheel arrangement two-axle diesel-hydraulic locomotive type operated by Japan Freight Railway (JR Freight) on shunting duties in Japan since March 2017.
Overview
The Class DB500 was developed to replace ageing Class DE10 diesel-hydraulic locomotives used for shunting duties at smaller freight terminals such as Shimonoseki in Yamaguchi Prefecture. The locomotive has a single water-cooled four-cycle straight six-cylinder diesel engine, with a power output of , sufficient to haul trains.
History
The Class DB500 entered service at Shimonoseki Freight Terminal from the start of the revised timetable on 4 March 2017.
Classification
The DB500 classification for this locomotive type is explained below.
D: Diesel locomotive
B: Two driving axles
500: Diesel-hydraulic locomotive
References
Further reading
External links
Hokuriku Heavy Industries website
Diesel locomotives of Japan
DB500
B locomotives
1067 mm gauge locomotives of Japan
Railway locomotives introduced in 2017 |
```xml
/**
* All rights reserved.
*
* This source code is licensed under the MIT-style license found in the
* LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
*/
#import "RNSVGRenderableManager.h"
#import <React/RCTBridge.h>
#import <React/RCTUIManager.h>
#import <React/RCTUIManagerUtils.h>
#import "RNSVGPathMeasure.h"
#import "RCTConvert+RNSVG.h"
#import "RNSVGCGFCRule.h"
@implementation RNSVGRenderableManager
RCT_EXPORT_MODULE()
- (RNSVGRenderable *)node
{
return [RNSVGRenderable new];
}
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(fill, RNSVGBrush)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(fillOpacity, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(fillRule, RNSVGCGFCRule)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(stroke, RNSVGBrush)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeOpacity, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeWidth, RNSVGLength *)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeLinecap, CGLineCap)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeLinejoin, CGLineJoin)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeDasharray, NSArray<RNSVGLength *>)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeDashoffset, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(strokeMiterlimit, CGFloat)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(vectorEffect, int)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(propList, NSArray<NSString *>)
RCT_EXPORT_VIEW_PROPERTY(filter, NSString)
@end
``` |
Hercules Gennaro Renda (September 5, 1917 – October 12, 2005) was an American football player and coach. He played for the University of Michigan football team from 1937 to 1939. He was an assistant football coach at Michigan under Fritz Crisler from 1940 to 1941. He later served as a high school football and track coach in Pontiac, Michigan for many years and was inducted into the Michigan High School Coaches Hall of Fame.
Early years
A native of West Virginia born to Italian immigrant parents, Renda grew up in Cabin Creek in the state's coal country. He was named after a brand of mining dynamite ("Hercules Dynamite" and "Hercules Powder") that was popular among West Virginia coal miners at the time.
Renda became a star athlete at East Bank High School in East Bank, West Virginia. During the summers, he worked as a "tippler" at the coal mine. During the school year, he played basketball and football and ran the dash and low hurdles for the track team. He was badly injured in a high school basketball game when he was "bumped while in the air with both feet off the floor and landed on his head." Renda later said that five weeks in the hospital taught him that football was the best and safest sport after all.
As a high school senior in 1935, Renda drew attention from the West Virginia press for his skill as a running back. The state's leading newspaper, the Charleston Gazette wrote in October 1935: "In Hercules Renda, East Bank will show its greatest running back of all time. Renda has scored 11 times for East Bank this year and his runs have varied from 10 to 95 yards." In November 1935, the Gazette called him "stocky Hercules Renda, a fast stepping but nevertheless rugged halfback, who has been running wild all season." (Twenty years later, NBA Hall of Famer Jerry West attended East Bank High; West was nicknamed "Zeke from Cabin Creek".)
University of Michigan
Two University of Michigan alumni, Lon Barringer and Rocco Gorman, recruited Renda and his high school teammate, Joe Savilla, to play football for the Michigan Wolverines. Renda and Savilla both enrolled at the University of Michigan. The Michigan Daily depicted the two West Virginia recruits as something of an odd pair—Renda was a 5-foot, 4 inch halfback, and Savilla was a 6-foot, 4 inch tackle. Despite his small size (5 feet 4 inches and 152 pounds), Renda played for Michigan's freshman team in 1936 and for the varsity team from 1937 to 1939. His performance on the freshman team in 1936 was summed up as follows: "On the offense he runs like a frightened deer and is deathly with his tackles while on defense."
After one of his first games in 1937, the Michigan Alumnus wrote:"And once more Michigan has a colorful football hero. Little Hercules Renda, five feet four inches 'tall' and 152 pounds of relentless energy, ran, squirmed and tackled his way into the hearts of thousands on thousands of Wolverine rooters whose frenzied cheers welcomed his first great touchdown catch and plunge, and warmed excitedly to his never-ceasing battling. Renda never stopped. ... Michigan took little Hercules Renda to its heart last Saturday and, unless all signs are wrong, this midget from the hills of West Virginia will write his name high in the Wolverine athletic annals."
Press coverage of Renda often focused on his short stature, and often referred to him as the "midget" from West Virginia. An Associated Press story in 1937 reported that Renda was "just about the shortest first-string football player in the U.S." but noted that he "travels with the power of a tank."
Michigan coach Fritz Crisler called Renda the "greatest football player in America for his height." During the 1938 and 1939 seasons, Renda saw limited action, as Michigan had Forest Evashevski and Tom Harmon in the backfield. He became principally a blocking back in the 1938 and 1939 seasons. At the time of his death in 2005, the University of Michigan issued a press release stating, "Renda may have been one of the shortest football players in U-M history, standing only 5-3, but his speed and quickness plus his 17-inch calves made him an extremely tough running back to tackle."
Assistant coach under Crisler
After graduating from Michigan, Renda was hired as an assistant football coach at Michigan. He served as an assistant coach under Fritz Crisler during the 1940 and 1941 seasons. Michigan finished with a record of 13 wins, 2 losses and 1 tie during Renda's two seasons as an assistant coach.
World War II
With the entry of the United States into World War II, Renda joined the U.S. Army and reported to Fort Custer Training Center in December 1942. In June 1942, he was transferred to the U.S. Army Air Corps and sent to Miami, Florida, for training as an officer and physical instructor.
High school coaching career
After the war, Renda had a long career as a high school football coach. He coached at Flint Central High School. From 1948 to 1951, he was the head football coach at Pontiac High School in Pontiac, Michigan. Renda's teams won 18 games, lost 25 and tied 2 during his five years at Pontiac High School. Renda told reporters in March 1953 that he had been fired by the school board for objecting to its "win-or-else" policy. Renda later returned to the Pontiac schools as head track coach and assistant football coach at Pontiac Northern High School until his retirement in 1982. He was inducted into the Michigan High School Coaches Hall of Fame.
Renda died in October 2005 at age 88 while taking his daily walk on the track at Pontiac Northern High School. A few years after his death in 2005, a local paper wrote: "Herk spent more than five decades in Pontiac helping students as a coach, administrator and just being the ultimate good neighbor. Since his passing a couple years ago, the world hasn't quite been as good a place. Everybody who knew Herk will tell you that."
References
1917 births
2005 deaths
American people of Italian descent
High school football coaches in Michigan
Michigan Wolverines football coaches
Michigan Wolverines football players
People from Cabin Creek, West Virginia
Sportspeople from Pontiac, Michigan
Players of American football from Oakland County, Michigan
Players of American football from West Virginia
Sportspeople from Kanawha County, West Virginia |
```smalltalk
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.Authorization.Permissions;
using Volo.Abp.Data;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;
using Volo.Abp.Guids;
using Volo.Abp.IdentityServer.ApiResources;
using Volo.Abp.IdentityServer.Clients;
using Volo.Abp.IdentityServer.IdentityResources;
using Volo.Abp.PermissionManagement;
using Volo.Abp.Uow;
namespace Volo.CmsKit.IdentityServer;
public class IdentityServerDataSeedContributor : IDataSeedContributor, ITransientDependency
{
private readonly IApiResourceRepository _apiResourceRepository;
private readonly IClientRepository _clientRepository;
private readonly IIdentityResourceDataSeeder _identityResourceDataSeeder;
private readonly IGuidGenerator _guidGenerator;
private readonly IPermissionDataSeeder _permissionDataSeeder;
private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
public IdentityServerDataSeedContributor(
IClientRepository clientRepository,
IApiResourceRepository apiResourceRepository,
IIdentityResourceDataSeeder identityResourceDataSeeder,
IGuidGenerator guidGenerator,
IPermissionDataSeeder permissionDataSeeder,
IConfiguration configuration)
{
_clientRepository = clientRepository;
_apiResourceRepository = apiResourceRepository;
_identityResourceDataSeeder = identityResourceDataSeeder;
_guidGenerator = guidGenerator;
_permissionDataSeeder = permissionDataSeeder;
_configuration = configuration;
}
[UnitOfWork]
public virtual async Task SeedAsync(DataSeedContext context)
{
await _identityResourceDataSeeder.CreateStandardResourcesAsync();
await CreateApiResourcesAsync();
await CreateClientsAsync();
}
private async Task CreateApiResourcesAsync()
{
var commonApiUserClaims = new[]
{
"email",
"email_verified",
"name",
"phone_number",
"phone_number_verified",
"role"
};
await CreateApiResourceAsync("CmsKit", commonApiUserClaims);
}
private async Task<ApiResource> CreateApiResourceAsync(string name, IEnumerable<string> claims)
{
var apiResource = await _apiResourceRepository.FindByNameAsync(name);
if (apiResource == null)
{
apiResource = await _apiResourceRepository.InsertAsync(
new ApiResource(
_guidGenerator.Create(),
name,
name + " API"
),
autoSave: true
);
}
foreach (var claim in claims)
{
if (apiResource.FindClaim(claim) == null)
{
apiResource.AddUserClaim(claim);
}
}
return await _apiResourceRepository.UpdateAsync(apiResource);
}
private async Task CreateClientsAsync()
{
const string commonSecret = "E5Xd4yMqjP5kjWFKrYgySBju6JVfCzMyFp7n2QmMrME=";
var commonScopes = new[]
{
"email",
"openid",
"profile",
"role",
"phone",
"address",
"CmsKit"
};
var configurationSection = _configuration.GetSection("IdentityServer:Clients");
//Web Client
var webClientId = configurationSection["CmsKit_Web:ClientId"];
if (!webClientId.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
{
var webClientRootUrl = configurationSection["CmsKit_Web:RootUrl"].EnsureEndsWith('/');
await CreateClientAsync(
webClientId,
commonScopes,
new[] { "hybrid" },
commonSecret,
redirectUri: $"{webClientRootUrl}signin-oidc",
postLogoutRedirectUri: $"{webClientRootUrl}signout-callback-oidc"
);
}
//Console Test Client
var consoleClientId = configurationSection["CmsKit_ConsoleTestApp:ClientId"];
if (!consoleClientId.IsNullOrWhiteSpace())
{
await CreateClientAsync(
consoleClientId,
commonScopes,
new[] { "password", "client_credentials" },
commonSecret
);
}
}
private async Task<Client> CreateClientAsync(
string name,
IEnumerable<string> scopes,
IEnumerable<string> grantTypes,
string secret,
string redirectUri = null,
string postLogoutRedirectUri = null,
IEnumerable<string> permissions = null)
{
var client = await _clientRepository.FindByClientIdAsync(name);
if (client == null)
{
client = await _clientRepository.InsertAsync(
new Client(
_guidGenerator.Create(),
name
)
{
ClientName = name,
ProtocolType = "oidc",
Description = name,
AlwaysIncludeUserClaimsInIdToken = true,
AllowOfflineAccess = true,
AbsoluteRefreshTokenLifetime = 31536000, //365 days
AccessTokenLifetime = 31536000, //365 days
AuthorizationCodeLifetime = 300,
IdentityTokenLifetime = 300,
RequireConsent = false
},
autoSave: true
);
}
foreach (var scope in scopes)
{
if (client.FindScope(scope) == null)
{
client.AddScope(scope);
}
}
foreach (var grantType in grantTypes)
{
if (client.FindGrantType(grantType) == null)
{
client.AddGrantType(grantType);
}
}
if (client.FindSecret(secret) == null)
{
client.AddSecret(secret);
}
if (redirectUri != null)
{
if (client.FindRedirectUri(redirectUri) == null)
{
client.AddRedirectUri(redirectUri);
}
}
if (postLogoutRedirectUri != null)
{
if (client.FindPostLogoutRedirectUri(postLogoutRedirectUri) == null)
{
client.AddPostLogoutRedirectUri(postLogoutRedirectUri);
}
}
if (permissions != null)
{
await _permissionDataSeeder.SeedAsync(
ClientPermissionValueProvider.ProviderName,
name,
permissions,
null
);
}
return await _clientRepository.UpdateAsync(client);
}
}
``` |
The 2023 European Shotgun Championships is the 53rd edition of the global shotgun competition, European Shotgun Championships, organised by the European Shooting Confederation.
The championships also served as a qualification event for 2024 Summer Olympics.
Senior
Men
Women
Mixed
Junior
Men
Women
Mixed
Medal table
Senior
Junior
Olympic quotas
References
External links
https://results.sius.com/Events.aspx?Championship=1305969c-ecd8-4e4c-b2ec-6d5327d1d2ee
European Shooting Championships
European Shotgun Championships
2023 in Croatian sport
European Shotgun Championships
International sports competitions hosted by Croatia |
Guianko Gomez Medina, born in Havana, Cuba, is a salsa singer.
Guianko's debut album, Llamame Yanko, was released in 1995. This album featured the song "Temes", which reached #11 on the Billboard Latin singles chart that year. He had a Spanish language hit worldwide with the song "A Sangre Fria" in 1997.
Discography
Llamame Yanko (RMM Records, 1995)
A Sangre Fria (RMM, 1997)
Mi Forma de Sentir (RMM, 1998)
References
Cuban male singers
Salsa musicians
Living people
Musicians from Havana
Year of birth missing (living people)
RMM Records artists |
Bisheh (, also Romanized as Bīsheh) is a village in Doreh Rural District, in the Central District of Sarbisheh County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. According to the 2006 census, it had a population of 225 in 49 families.
References
Populated places in Sarbisheh County |
Mulgedium is a genus of flowering plants in the dandelion tribe within the sunflower family.
Mulgedium is closely related to Lactuca and considered part of that genus by some authors.
Species
Well over 100 names have been coined within Mulgedium, most of which are now considered better suited to other genera (Chaetoseris Cicerbita Crepis Lactuca Nabalus Paraprenanthes Prenanthes Stenoseris). The following remain in Mulgedium.
Mulgedium cacaliaefolius DC. - Caucasus
Mulgedium centrale Gand. - Illinois
Mulgedium lindheimeri Gand. - Texas
Mulgedium polyanthum Gand. - Kansas
Mulgedium qinghaicum S.W.Liu & T.N.Ho - Qinghai
Mulgedium roseum Popov & Vved. - Turkestan
References
Asteraceae genera
Cichorieae |
Robert Brown (born 1830, date of death unknown) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.
Born in 1830 in Norway, Brown immigrated to the United States and was living in New York when he joined the U.S. Navy. He served during the Civil War as a captain of the top on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5, 1864, he was "[c]ool and courageous" despite heavy fire. For this action, he was awarded the Medal of Honor four months later, on December 31, 1864.
Brown's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
On board the U.S.S. Richmond in action at Mobile Bay on 5 August 1864. Cool and courageous at his station throughout the prolonged action, Brown rendered gallant service as his vessel trained her guns on Fort Morgan and on ships of the Confederacy despite extremely heavy return fire. He participated in the actions at Forts Jackson and St. Philip, with the Chalmette batteries, at the surrender of New Orleans and in the attacks on batteries below Vicksburg.
References
1830 births
Year of death missing
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
People of New York (state) in the American Civil War
Union Navy sailors
United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients
Norwegian-born Medal of Honor recipients
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor |
```shell
#!/usr/bin/env bash
##########################################################################
# This is the Cake bootstrapper script for Linux and OS X.
# This file was downloaded from path_to_url
# Feel free to change this file to fit your needs.
##########################################################################
# Define directories.
SCRIPT_DIR=$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )
TOOLS_DIR=$SCRIPT_DIR/tools
NUGET_EXE=$TOOLS_DIR/nuget.exe
CAKE_EXE=$TOOLS_DIR/Cake/Cake.exe
PACKAGES_CONFIG=$TOOLS_DIR/packages.config
PACKAGES_CONFIG_MD5=$TOOLS_DIR/packages.config.md5sum
# Define md5sum or md5 depending on Linux/OSX
MD5_EXE=
if [[ "$(uname -s)" == "Darwin" ]]; then
MD5_EXE="md5 -r"
else
MD5_EXE="md5sum"
fi
# Define default arguments.
SCRIPT="build.cake"
TARGET="Default"
CONFIGURATION="Release"
VERBOSITY="verbose"
DRYRUN=
SHOW_VERSION=false
SCRIPT_ARGUMENTS=()
# Parse arguments.
for i in "$@"; do
case $1 in
-s|--script) SCRIPT="$2"; shift ;;
-t|--target) TARGET="$2"; shift ;;
-c|--configuration) CONFIGURATION="$2"; shift ;;
-v|--verbosity) VERBOSITY="$2"; shift ;;
-d|--dryrun) DRYRUN="-dryrun" ;;
--version) SHOW_VERSION=true ;;
--) shift; SCRIPT_ARGUMENTS+=("$@"); break ;;
*) SCRIPT_ARGUMENTS+=("$1") ;;
esac
shift
done
# Make sure the tools folder exist.
if [ ! -d "$TOOLS_DIR" ]; then
mkdir "$TOOLS_DIR"
fi
# Make sure that packages.config exist.
if [ ! -f "$TOOLS_DIR/packages.config" ]; then
echo "Downloading packages.config..."
curl -Lsfo "$TOOLS_DIR/packages.config" path_to_url
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "An error occured while downloading packages.config."
exit 1
fi
fi
# Download NuGet if it does not exist.
if [ ! -f "$NUGET_EXE" ]; then
echo "Downloading NuGet..."
curl -Lsfo "$NUGET_EXE" path_to_url
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "An error occured while downloading nuget.exe."
exit 1
fi
fi
# Restore tools from NuGet.
pushd "$TOOLS_DIR" >/dev/null
if [ ! -f $PACKAGES_CONFIG_MD5 ] || [ "$( cat $PACKAGES_CONFIG_MD5 | sed 's/\r$//' )" != "$( $MD5_EXE $PACKAGES_CONFIG | awk '{ print $1 }' )" ]; then
find . -type d ! -name . | xargs rm -rf
fi
mono "$NUGET_EXE" install -ExcludeVersion
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Could not restore NuGet packages."
exit 1
fi
$MD5_EXE $PACKAGES_CONFIG | awk '{ print $1 }' >| $PACKAGES_CONFIG_MD5
popd >/dev/null
# Make sure that Cake has been installed.
if [ ! -f "$CAKE_EXE" ]; then
echo "Could not find Cake.exe at '$CAKE_EXE'."
exit 1
fi
# Start Cake
if $SHOW_VERSION; then
exec mono "$CAKE_EXE" -version
else
exec mono "$CAKE_EXE" $SCRIPT -verbosity=$VERBOSITY -configuration=$CONFIGURATION -target=$TARGET $DRYRUN "${SCRIPT_ARGUMENTS[@]}"
fi
``` |
```c++
/*********************************************************************
*
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
* copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
* disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
* with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of Willow Garage nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*********************************************************************/
/* Author: Mrinal Kalakrishnan */
#include <chomp_motion_planner/chomp_parameters.h>
namespace chomp
{
ChompParameters::ChompParameters()
{
planning_time_limit_ = 6.0;
max_iterations_ = 50;
max_iterations_after_collision_free_ = 5;
smoothness_cost_weight_ = 0.1;
obstacle_cost_weight_ = 1.0;
learning_rate_ = 0.01;
smoothness_cost_velocity_ = 0.0;
smoothness_cost_acceleration_ = 1.0;
smoothness_cost_jerk_ = 0.0;
ridge_factor_ = 0.0;
use_pseudo_inverse_ = false;
pseudo_inverse_ridge_factor_ = 1e-4;
joint_update_limit_ = 0.1;
min_clearance_ = 0.2;
collision_threshold_ = 0.07;
use_stochastic_descent_ = true;
filter_mode_ = false;
trajectory_initialization_method_ = std::string("quintic-spline");
enable_failure_recovery_ = false;
max_recovery_attempts_ = 5;
}
ChompParameters::~ChompParameters() = default;
void ChompParameters::setRecoveryParams(double learning_rate, double ridge_factor, int planning_time_limit,
int max_iterations)
{
this->learning_rate_ = learning_rate;
this->ridge_factor_ = ridge_factor;
this->planning_time_limit_ = planning_time_limit;
this->max_iterations_ = max_iterations;
}
const std::vector<std::string> ChompParameters::VALID_INITIALIZATION_METHODS{ "quintic-spline", "linear", "cubic",
"fillTrajectory" };
bool ChompParameters::setTrajectoryInitializationMethod(std::string method)
{
if (std::find(VALID_INITIALIZATION_METHODS.cbegin(), VALID_INITIALIZATION_METHODS.cend(), method) !=
VALID_INITIALIZATION_METHODS.end())
{
this->trajectory_initialization_method_ = std::move(method);
return true;
}
return false;
}
} // namespace chomp
``` |
Café de Paris is a 1938 French mystery film directed by Yves Mirande and Georges Lacombe.
Partial cast
Véra Korène as Geneviève Lambert
Jules Berry as Fleury
Simone Berriau as Odette
Jacques Baumer as Le commissaire de police
Pierre Brasseur as Le Rec
Julien Carette as Le journaliste
Florence Marly as Estelle
as La dame des lavabos
as Mlle Aurillac
Marcel Vallée as Le chef de la sureté
Maurice Escande as Le marquis de Perelli
Jacques Grétillat as Lambert
André Roanne as Mouvance
Marcel Simon as Monsieur Durand
References
External links
1938 mystery films
1938 films
French mystery films
French black-and-white films
Films directed by Yves Mirande
Films directed by Georges Lacombe
1930s French films |
```java
package com.ctrip.xpipe.exception;
/**
* @author wenchao.meng
*
* 2016324 2:58:53
*/
public class XpipeRuntimeException extends RuntimeException implements ErrorMessageAware{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private ErrorMessage<?> errorMessage;
private boolean onlyLogMessage = false;
public XpipeRuntimeException(String message){
super(message);
}
public XpipeRuntimeException(String message, Throwable th){
super(message, th);
}
public <T extends Enum<T>> XpipeRuntimeException(ErrorMessage<T> errorMessage, Throwable th){
super(errorMessage.toString(), th);
this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
}
@Override
public ErrorMessage<?> getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage;
}
public void setErrorMessage(ErrorMessage<?> errorMessage) {
this.errorMessage = errorMessage;
}
public boolean isOnlyLogMessage() {
return onlyLogMessage;
}
public void setOnlyLogMessage(boolean onlyLogMessage) {
this.onlyLogMessage = onlyLogMessage;
}
}
``` |
Nkwenkwezi formally Port Alfred, is a small town with a population of just under 26,000 in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated on the eastern seaboard of the country at the mouth of the Kowie River, almost exactly halfway between the larger cities of Gqeberha and East London and west of Cannon Rocks.
History
Nkwenkwezi was established in the early 1820s by British settlers who were moved into the area by Lord Charles Somerset as there was conflict between the Cape Colony and the Xhosa people. Originally, it was two separate towns (settlers arriving on the west bank in 1820 named their settlement Port Kowie, and those arriving on the east bank named theirs Port Frances).
In 1860, when Queen Victoria's son Prince Alfred visited, the name was changed in his honour.
Port
In 1839, William Cock and George Hodgkinson started to block the natural river mouth to the east and canalise the present opening to the sea. By 1841 South Africa's first man-made harbour was opened after completion of the stone-lined channel between the ocean and the Kowie river. This allowed high-masted sailing ships with their heavy cargo to dock at the wharf.
Transport
Nkwenkwezi is located on the junction of the R67 and R72 roads. The R67 connects Nkwenkwezi with the N2 at Makhanda to the north, while the R72 joins the N2 near Colchester to the west and follows the coast to East London in the east.
Education
Educational establishments based in Nkwenkwezi include Stenden South Africa (a subsidiary campus of Stenden University in the Netherlands), a private Christian school (El Shaddai Christian Academy), the biggest flying training school in the Southern Hemisphere (43 Air School), Mtyhobo Primary School, Dambuza Primary School, Nomzamo High School, Kuyasa Combined School and Port Alfred High School.
References
Further reading
External links
43 Air School
River Hotels
Populated places in the Ndlambe Local Municipality
Populated coastal places in South Africa |
```java
/**
* <p>
*
* path_to_url
*
* </p>
**/
package com.vip.saturn.job.utils;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
/**
* @author hebelala
*/
public class SaturnSystemOutputStreamTest {
@Test
public void test() throws InterruptedException {
SaturnSystemOutputStream.initLogger();
try {
System.out.println("abc");
int count = 200;
final CountDownLatch countDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(count);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
final int j = i;
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("abc" + j);
countDownLatch.countDown();
}
}).start();
}
countDownLatch.await();
} finally {
String result = SaturnSystemOutputStream.clearAndGetLog();
Assert.assertEquals(100, result.split(System.lineSeparator()).length);
}
}
}
``` |
Marieke Veltman (born September 18, 1971) is an American athlete. She competed in the women's long jump at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1971 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
American female long jumpers
Olympic track and field athletes for the United States
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women |
```go
package config
import (
"context"
"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
)
// defaultLoaders are a slice of functions that will read external configuration
// sources for configuration values. These values are read by the AWSConfigResolvers
// using interfaces to extract specific information from the external configuration.
var defaultLoaders = []loader{
loadEnvConfig,
loadSharedConfigIgnoreNotExist,
}
// defaultAWSConfigResolvers are a slice of functions that will resolve external
// configuration values into AWS configuration values.
//
// This will setup the AWS configuration's Region,
var defaultAWSConfigResolvers = []awsConfigResolver{
// Resolves the default configuration the SDK's aws.Config will be
// initialized with.
resolveDefaultAWSConfig,
// Sets the logger to be used. Could be user provided logger, and client
// logging mode.
resolveLogger,
resolveClientLogMode,
// Sets the HTTP client and configuration to use for making requests using
// the HTTP transport.
resolveHTTPClient,
resolveCustomCABundle,
// Sets the endpoint resolving behavior the API Clients will use for making
// requests to. Clients default to their own clients this allows overrides
// to be specified. The resolveEndpointResolver option is deprecated, but
// we still need to set it for backwards compatibility on config
// construction.
resolveEndpointResolver,
resolveEndpointResolverWithOptions,
// Sets the retry behavior API clients will use within their retry attempt
// middleware. Defaults to unset, allowing API clients to define their own
// retry behavior.
resolveRetryer,
// Sets the region the API Clients should use for making requests to.
resolveRegion,
resolveEC2IMDSRegion,
resolveDefaultRegion,
// Sets the additional set of middleware stack mutators that will custom
// API client request pipeline middleware.
resolveAPIOptions,
// Resolves the DefaultsMode that should be used by SDK clients. If this
// mode is set to DefaultsModeAuto.
//
// Comes after HTTPClient and CustomCABundle to ensure the HTTP client is
// configured if provided before invoking IMDS if mode is auto. Comes
// before resolving credentials so that those subsequent clients use the
// configured auto mode.
resolveDefaultsModeOptions,
// Sets the resolved credentials the API clients will use for
// authentication. Provides the SDK's default credential chain.
//
// Should probably be the last step in the resolve chain to ensure that all
// other configurations are resolved first in case downstream credentials
// implementations depend on or can be configured with earlier resolved
// configuration options.
resolveCredentials,
}
// A Config represents a generic configuration value or set of values. This type
// will be used by the AWSConfigResolvers to extract
//
// General the Config type will use type assertion against the Provider interfaces
// to extract specific data from the Config.
type Config interface{}
// A loader is used to load external configuration data and returns it as
// a generic Config type.
//
// The loader should return an error if it fails to load the external configuration
// or the configuration data is malformed, or required components missing.
type loader func(context.Context, configs) (Config, error)
// An awsConfigResolver will extract configuration data from the configs slice
// using the provider interfaces to extract specific functionality. The extracted
// configuration values will be written to the AWS Config value.
//
// The resolver should return an error if it it fails to extract the data, the
// data is malformed, or incomplete.
type awsConfigResolver func(ctx context.Context, cfg *aws.Config, configs configs) error
// configs is a slice of Config values. These values will be used by the
// AWSConfigResolvers to extract external configuration values to populate the
// AWS Config type.
//
// Use AppendFromLoaders to add additional external Config values that are
// loaded from external sources.
//
// Use ResolveAWSConfig after external Config values have been added or loaded
// to extract the loaded configuration values into the AWS Config.
type configs []Config
// AppendFromLoaders iterates over the slice of loaders passed in calling each
// loader function in order. The external config value returned by the loader
// will be added to the returned configs slice.
//
// If a loader returns an error this method will stop iterating and return
// that error.
func (cs configs) AppendFromLoaders(ctx context.Context, loaders []loader) (configs, error) {
for _, fn := range loaders {
cfg, err := fn(ctx, cs)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
cs = append(cs, cfg)
}
return cs, nil
}
// ResolveAWSConfig returns a AWS configuration populated with values by calling
// the resolvers slice passed in. Each resolver is called in order. Any resolver
// may overwrite the AWS Configuration value of a previous resolver.
//
// If an resolver returns an error this method will return that error, and stop
// iterating over the resolvers.
func (cs configs) ResolveAWSConfig(ctx context.Context, resolvers []awsConfigResolver) (aws.Config, error) {
var cfg aws.Config
for _, fn := range resolvers {
if err := fn(ctx, &cfg, cs); err != nil {
// TODO provide better error?
return aws.Config{}, err
}
}
var sources []interface{}
for _, s := range cs {
sources = append(sources, s)
}
cfg.ConfigSources = sources
return cfg, nil
}
// ResolveConfig calls the provide function passing slice of configuration sources.
// This implements the aws.ConfigResolver interface.
func (cs configs) ResolveConfig(f func(configs []interface{}) error) error {
var cfgs []interface{}
for i := range cs {
cfgs = append(cfgs, cs[i])
}
return f(cfgs)
}
// LoadDefaultConfig reads the SDK's default external configurations, and
// populates an AWS Config with the values from the external configurations.
//
// An optional variadic set of additional Config values can be provided as input
// that will be prepended to the configs slice. Use this to add custom configuration.
// The custom configurations must satisfy the respective providers for their data
// or the custom data will be ignored by the resolvers and config loaders.
//
// cfg, err := config.LoadDefaultConfig( context.TODO(),
// WithSharedConfigProfile("test-profile"),
// )
// if err != nil {
// panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed loading config, %v", err))
// }
//
//
// The default configuration sources are:
// * Environment Variables
// * Shared Configuration and Shared Credentials files.
func LoadDefaultConfig(ctx context.Context, optFns ...func(*LoadOptions) error) (cfg aws.Config, err error) {
var options LoadOptions
for _, optFn := range optFns {
if err := optFn(&options); err != nil {
return aws.Config{}, err
}
}
// assign Load Options to configs
var cfgCpy = configs{options}
cfgCpy, err = cfgCpy.AppendFromLoaders(ctx, defaultLoaders)
if err != nil {
return aws.Config{}, err
}
cfg, err = cfgCpy.ResolveAWSConfig(ctx, defaultAWSConfigResolvers)
if err != nil {
return aws.Config{}, err
}
return cfg, nil
}
``` |
Roger Jean-Baptiste Robert Wets (born February 1937) is a "pioneer" in stochastic programming and a leader in variational analysis who publishes as Roger J-B Wets. His research, expositions, graduate students, and his collaboration with R. Tyrrell Rockafellar have had a profound influence on optimization theory, computations, and applications. Since 2009, Wets has been a distinguished research professor at the mathematics department of the University of California, Davis.
Schooling and positions
Roger Wets attended high school in Belgium, after which he worked for his family while earning his Licence in applied economics from Université de Bruxelles (Brussels, Belgium) in 1961. He was encouraged by Jacques H. Drèze to study optimization with George Dantzig at the program in operations research at the University of California, Berkeley. Dantzig and mathematician–statistician David Blackwell jointly supervised Wets's dissertation. In 1965 Wets befriended R. Tyrrell Rockafellar, whom Wets introduced to stochastic optimization, starting a collaboration of many decades.
He worked at Boeing Scientific Research Labs, 1964–1970 and was Ford Professor at the University of Chicago, 1970–1972 before being appointed Professor at the Mathematics Department of the University of Kentucky and then University Research Professor (1977–78). While at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria, during 1980–1984, he led research in decision-making in uncertainty, returning as an acting leader in 1985–1987; during that time, Wets and Rockafellar developed the progressive-hedging algorithm for stochastic programming. The University of California, Davis named him Professor (1984–1997), Distinguished Professor, and Distinguished Research Professor of Mathematics (2009–).
Awards and contributions
Wets was awarded a George B. Dantzig Prize for "original research that has had a major impact on the field of mathematical programming" by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) and the Mathematical Programming Society (MPS, now the Mathematical Optimization Society). In 1994, the Dantzig Prize was awarded to Wets and also to the French pioneer in nonsmooth computational-optimization, Claude Lemaréchal.
Wets's contributions included developing set-valued analysis, including metric spaces of sets, which he used to study the convergence of epigraphs; Wets's ideas of epigraphical convergence was used to study the convergence iterative methods of stochastic optimization and has had applications in the approximation theory of statistics. A metric theory of finite-dimensional epigraphical convergence ("cosmic convergence") appears in Variational analysis. Wets and his coauthor R. Tyrrell Rockafellar were awarded the 1997 Frederick W. Lanchester Prize by the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) for their monograph Variational Analysis, which was published in November 1997 and copyrighted in 1998.
With Rockafellar, Wets proposed, studied, and implemented the progressive-hedging algorithm for stochastic programming. Besides his theoretical and computational contributions, Wets has worked with applications on lake ecology (IIASA), finance (Frank Russel investment system), and developmental economics (World Bank). He also consulted with the development of professional stochastic-optimization software (IBM).
See also
Pompeiu–Hausdorff distance
References
Sources
External links
Homepage of Roger J-B Wets at the Mathematics Department of the University of California, Davis. Contains biography, research overviews, lectures and presentations.
Variational analysts
Mathematical analysts
20th-century Belgian mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Belgian operations researchers
American statisticians
Belgian statisticians
Living people
1937 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
American operations researchers |
Foulk Stapleford is a former civil parish, now in the parish of Hargrave and Huxley, in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains six buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. One of these is listed at the middle grade, Grade II*, and the rest at the lowest grade, Grade II. Apart from the village of Hargrave the parish is entirely rural. The listed buildings consist of farmhouses and farm buildings, the village church, and a memorial.
Key
Buildings
See also
Listed buildings in Bruen Stapleford
Listed buildings in Burton
Listed buildings in Christleton
Listed buildings in Clotton Hoofield
Listed buildings in Duddon
Listed buildings in Huxley
Listed buildings in Waverton
References
Citations
Sources
Listed buildings in Cheshire West and Chester
Lists of listed buildings in Cheshire |
Asperula acuminata is a deciduous species of perennial groundcover, and a flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae, known as Woodruff, and is endemic from NE. Turkey to Transcaucasus, and was first named by Boiss. & A.Huet.
Description
Asperula affinis appears as a small green moss-like plant, with small (1in) pale pink flowers, on stems, it has a compact cushion of small, green, needle-like, leaves.
Growth cycle
Asperula affinis flowers around May-June, and grows best in a rock garden, trough or crevice.
References
affinis |
Brent Powell (born February 8, 1969) is an American politician who has served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from the 59th district since 2013.
References
1969 births
Living people
Republican Party members of the Mississippi House of Representatives
21st-century American politicians |
Geologichesky (masculine), Geologicheskaya (feminine), or Geologicheskoye (neuter) may refer to:
Geologichesky (settlement), a settlement in Tomsk Oblast, Russia
Geologicheskaya, a station of the Yekaterinburg Metro, Yekaterinburg, Russia |
WARFT or WAran Research FoundaTion is a nonprofit organization promoting interdisciplinary research among undergraduate students in the city of Chennai, India. Professor N. Venkateswaran founded the group in 2000 and continues to manage it as of 2011. The aim of WARFT is to understand and model the brain to enable drug discovery so that children affected by spasticity can live normal lives.
Since its inception, WARFT has researched brain modeling, supercomputing and associated areas. The goal of WARFT is to unravel the connectivity of the human brain regions through the MMINi-DASS project. Biologically accurate brain simulations require massive computational power and thus another research initiative at WARFT is the MIP Project directed towards evolving a design method for the development of a tera-operations supercomputing cluster.
Undergraduate research trainees at WARFT engage themselves in the areas of neuroscience, supercomputing architectures, processor design towards deep sub-micrometre, power-aware computing, low power issues, mixed signal design, fault tolerance and testing, digital signal processing. WARFT conducts Dhi Yantra, a workshop on brain modeling and supercomputing every year.
Aims
WARFT's mission is twofold. Firstly to promote innovation and research awareness in the minds of young undergraduate students. In this respect, WARFT conducts a two-year part-time Research Awareness Programme and Training (RAPT) for undergraduate students. Secondly to solve the mysteries of the brain and to hasten the discovery of drugs that can cure brain diseases.
Undergraduate research initiatives
There are two main inter-disciplinary research initiatives at WARFT :
The Multi Million Neuron interconnectivity - Dendrite Axon Soma and Synapse
The MMINi-DASS project is a large-scale brain simulation carried out to predict interconnectivity of a specific brain region and makes use of fMRI BOLD response of brain regions. This results in understanding of brain dynamics from the most fundamental level to cognitive and behavioral aspects. Modeling individual brain entities is a challenging task. Predicting their interconnectivity through simulation requires enormous computing power and thus, the project banks on the exponentially increasing computing power and its decreasing cost.
The Memory In Processor SuperComputer On Chip (MIP SCOC) and the Silicon Operating System (SILICOS)
The immense computational demand imposed by the MMINi-DASS PROJECT has given rise to the novel supercomputer design known as the MIP SCOC. The MIP approach incorporates the memory within the logic, reminiscent of The Berkeley IRAM Project. In the MIP SCOC architecture, memory is physically and logically integrated with the functional units of the processor. This bit-level integration of processing logic and memory has led to a tremendous increase in functionality of a single MIP SCOC node.
The MIP SCOC architecture includes powerful ALFU (Algorithm Level Functional units) like chain matrix adders, multipliers, sorters, multiple operand adders and graph theoretic units like Depth-First-Search, Breadth-First-Search. This introduces a higher level of abstraction through the algorithm-level instructions (ALISA). A single ALISA is equivalent to multiple parallel VLIW. The MIP SCOC architecture includes an on-chip compiler (Compiler-On-Silicon) to generate the required instructions to feed the ALFUs of the MIP node. The Primary COS (PCOS) partitions the incoming problem according to the algorithms involved. Each SCOS generates the instructions corresponding to that column. A distributed control design is employed specific to ALFU population type (forming different heterogeneous cores) enabling parallel operation of a very large number of ALFUs.
Groups
WARFT is divided into seven research groups:
CHARAKA: the Neurosciences Group
VISHWAKARMA: the Computer Architecture Group
MARCONI: the Mixed Signal Group
BHASKARA: Power Aware Design for Nanotech DSP Architectures Group
NAREN: Testing and Fault Tolerant Group
RAMANUJAN: Nanotech Design Methodologies Group
HARDY: Low Power Architectures for Matrix Algorithm Group
According to WARFT's website, it has published 50 research papers as of 2008.
Dhi Yantra
Dhi Yantra is a workshop on brain modeling and supercomputing organized by WARFT every year. Three editions of this workshop, featuring scientists and researchers from various fields and geography, have been held. The fourth workshop was held in Chennai, India on July 10, 11 and 12, 2009.
External links
WARFT
WARFT alumni list
WARFT : Advancing Research Frontiers - An article by The Hindu
Dhi Yantra : Workshop on Brain Modelling and Supercomputing - organized by WARFT
Student societies in India
Research projects |
The Veksø helmets (or Viksø helmets) are a pair of Bronze Age ceremonial horned helmets found near Veksø in Zealand, Denmark.
Overview
In 1942 a workman was digging (c. 0.7m below the moss surface) at a peat bog extraction site in Brøns Mose, Viksø when he felt his spade go through something hard. Thought to be waste, the find was set aside. On later inspection, though, it was found to be a decorated bronze object with an associated wooden plate with a groove - which appeared to have been a stand for a helmet. A subsequent archaeological investigation at the discovery site in the same year returned further helmet pieces. Analysis of remains during the 1940s determined that the wooden tray was of ash, and that there may have been a feather trim to the helmet. The first technical report on the helmets was published by Norling-Christensen in 1946.
It is thought that the Brøns Mose was a lake in the Bronze Age, and an extension of the modern Løged Sø waterbody - making the helmets a likely bog votive offering. Radiocarbon dating place the wooden trays associated with the helmets to an earlier date than the helmets. Additionally shards of broken pots were found above the helmets, but may not be an associated deposit.
In 2019, a worker at the National Museum of Denmark discovered birch tar on one of the horns while preparing to photograph them. A sample was subsequently sent for carbon dating. The results showed that the latest possible date of deposition was the late Nordic Bronze Age; between 857 and 907 BC.
Design and construction
Two helmets were found, almost identical in design - the primary material was a high tin bronze (16.8%) with small amounts of lead, arsenic, antimony, and nickel (all 0.1 to 1%) and traces of silver (~0.05%). Stylistically the hemispherical main part resembles the plain textile hats of the period as well as Urnfield metal helmets - the hemispheres were made from two hammered pieces joined with rivets in a seam running front to back across the top, with a heavy joining rim or crest across the top - either end of the crest ended in a downpointing 'hook' possibly intended to recall the beak of a raptor. Ornamentation included bosses across the surface of various sizes, including two larger 'eye' positioned bosses, together with eyebrows. A row of bosses along the lower rim each terminate in a 'S'-shaped (or Swan shaped) ornamentation - thus resembling double-sterned-ships. (Vogelsonnenbarken). The helmet's horns are also 'S'-shaped, with a twist recalling both a bull's horns and the twist in a pair of lurs. Fittings between horns and crest held bird's feathers, and it has been suggested that the crest was originally adorned with a hair. The helmet has a human appearance coupled with select zoomorphic elements.
Overall the design takes cues from both Urnfield and Nordic culture, though some elements, such as bulls' horns are found elsewhere - such as Iberia, and Sardinia, and horned helms are also seen in contemporary descriptions of the Sea Peoples in the Mediterranean and near East.
Vandkilde states the helmet is thought to have been made in Scandinavia, using European bronze working techniques, though others suggest the helmet was imported from Italy. The shape of the horns suggest the Italian long-horn cattle, a subtype of the species Bos primigenius (the aurochs).
Meaning, use, and significance
'Twin' helmets were found - in some interpretations of Bronze Age beliefs the sun can be represented by 'twin gods'. Other interpretations place a significance as the helmets being representation of weapons or war, or some relation to the Proto-Indo-European religion myth of Divine twins. Alternatively the helmets have been interpreted as an heirloom, or possibly conferring some status or importance when worn. Ritualistic use, either giving powers from, or connection to the animal or godly world has also been suggested.
The found position (ie in a bog or former water body) also places the final use of the helmets within the class of votive offerings.
Similar artifacts
Figures of twins with horns from a similar period and region are known - these included bronze figurines wearing horned helmets found at Grevensvænge (Grevensvænge figurines), and horned twins of a horse's yoke found at Fogdarp. Related horned imagery has also been found on razors (Vestrup razor), and rock-carvings from a similar place/period.
See also
Sutton Hoo helmet, a later 7th C. AD anglo-saxon iron helmet with zoomorphic elements.
Waterloo Helmet, La Tène style 'horned' helmet (c. 1st C. BCE) discovered in the River Thames
Nordic Bronze Age
References
Sources
alt source
Further reading
, includes 1942 newspaper coverage.
External links
1942 archaeological discoveries
Ancient helmets
Archaeological discoveries in Denmark
Prehistoric objects in the National Museum of Denmark
Germanic archaeological artifacts
Nordic Bronze Age
Votive offering |
```ruby
module ExtJS
module SassExtensions
module Functions
module Utils
@maps = Array.new()
class << self; attr_accessor :maps; end
def parsebox(list, n)
assert_type n, :Number
if !n.int?
raise ArgumentError.new("List index #{n} must be an integer")
elsif n.to_i < 1
raise ArgumentError.new("List index #{n} must be greater than or equal to 1")
elsif n.to_i > 4
raise ArgumentError.new("A box string can't contain more then 4")
end
new_list = list.clone.to_a
size = new_list.size
if n.to_i >= size
if size == 1
new_list[1] = new_list[0]
new_list[2] = new_list[0]
new_list[3] = new_list[0]
elsif size == 2
new_list[2] = new_list[0]
new_list[3] = new_list[1]
elsif size == 3
new_list[3] = new_list[1]
end
end
new_list.to_a[n.to_i - 1]
end
def parseint(value)
Sass::Script::Number.new(value.to_i)
end
def ERROR(message)
raise ArgumentError.new(message)
end
def map_create()
map = Hash.new()
id = Utils.maps.length;
Utils.maps.insert(id, map);
Sass::Script::Number.new(id+1)
end
def map_get(mapId, key)
id = mapId.to_i()-1
map = Utils.maps[id]
k = key.to_s()
v = map[k]
if !v
v = Sass::Script::String.new("")
end
v
end
def map_put(mapId, key, value)
id = mapId.to_i()-1
map = Utils.maps[id]
k = key.to_s()
map[k] = value
end
# Joins 2 file paths using the path separator
def file_join(path1, path2)
path1 = path1.value
path2 = path2.value
path = path1.empty? ? path2 : File.join(path1, path2)
Sass::Script::String.new(path)
end
def theme_image_exists(directory, path)
result = false
where_to_look = File.join(directory.value, path.value)
if where_to_look && FileTest.exists?("#{where_to_look}")
result = true
end
return Sass::Script::Bool.new(result)
end
# workaround for lack of @error directive in sass 3.1
def error(message)
raise Sass::SyntaxError, message.value
end
# This function is primarily to support compatibility when moving from sass 3.1 to 3.2
# because of the change in behavior of the null keyword when used with !default.
# in 3.1 variables defaulted to null are considered to have an assigned value
# and thus cannot be reassigned. In 3.2 defaulting to null is the same as leaving
# the variable undeclared
def is_null(value)
n = false
begin
# in Sass 3.2 null values are an instance of Sass::Script::Null
# this throws an exception in Sass 3.1 because the Null class doesn't exist
n = (value.is_a? Sass::Script::Null) || (value.is_a? Sass::Script::String) && value.value == 'null' || value.value == 'none'
rescue NameError=>e
# Sass 3.1 processes null values as a string == "null"
n = (value.is_a? Sass::Script::String) && value.value == 'null' || value.value == 'none'
end
return Sass::Script::Bool.new(n)
end
end
end
end
end
module Sass::Script::Functions
include ExtJS::SassExtensions::Functions::Utils
end
``` |
Genipa is a genus of trees in the family Rubiaceae. This genus is native to the American tropical forests.
Description
Tall trees, without any spines, prickles or thorns; with large opposite leaves of almost leathery texture, smooth or hairy. Presence of interpetiolar stipules, triangle-shaped. The large flowers are arranged in terminal cymes; the calyx is tubular, while the corolla can be trumpet-shaped or short-cylindrical, with 5-6 lobes. The stamens are located at the top of the corolla. The fruit is an almost globose or ovoid berry, smooth, fleshy, with a thick rind. The seeds are large and flat.
Taxonomy
The species from Madagascar, originally described by Drake, do not belong to the Rubiaceae tribe Gardenieae like the New World Genipa species, but in the tribe Octotropideae. Those species were transferred to the genus Hyperacanthus.
Genipa spruceana is considered doubtfully distinct from Genipa americana.
Species currently recognized in Genipa are:
Genipa americana L.
Genipa infundibuliformis Zappi & J.Semir
Genipa spruceana Steyerm.
Distribution and habitat
The genus is native to the tropical forests of America, including Florida.
References
Rubiaceae genera
Gardenieae |
Enriko Josif (; 1 May 1924 – 13 March 2003) was a Serbian composer, pedagogue and musical writer, and member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Biography
He was born on May 1, 1924, in Belgrade into a Sephardic Jewish family. His father, Mosha Josif was a merchant representative of Italian and German industries and an amateur dramatist. His mother Sofia (born Fahri), was from a rich family from Zemun. With good knowledge of foreign languages (she was educated in a Swiss institute), she worked as a translator (she translated verses by Serbian poets to German language) and a member of the international PEN Club. Intelligentsia, such as Jovan Dučić and Miloš Đurić were collaborators and friends of her. In the Josif family music had an important place. Josif's mother played the piano, while father was especially favourable about opera. Mosha and Sofia Josif wanted their both sons, Enriko and Albert, to study music, but it was Enriko’s talent that was recognized properly. Very soon he got his first, private music teacher, composer and conductor Vladislav Grinski. In that period, Enriko Josif wrote his first compositions.
After father’s death (1937) started a hard period for Enriko Josif and his family. Just before the start of the bombing of Belgrade (1941), they went to Sarajevo and afterwards moved to Italy, across Dubrovnik, Split and Korčula. As they were not persecuted, they stayed in Italy until 1943, when they moved to Switzerland.
After the end of the war, Josif continued his schooling in Belgrade and graduated in the First Belgrade Gymnasium. He started his further studies at the University of Belgrade's School of Medicine, but he left this area very soon by entering studies of music at the Academy of Music in Belgrade. As a student of Milenko Živković at the Department for Composition, he graduated in 1954. In the period between 1961 and 1962 he attended specialization studies in Rome. He worked as a teacher in the Elementary music school "Vojislav Vučković" (1955–1956) and in the High music school "Kornelije Stanković" (1955–1957). He followed the work of his professor Živković at the Academy of Music as an assistant (from 1957) and after sudden professor’s death (1964) he came into Živković’s position at the Department for composition. Next year (1965) he was chosen to become a docent, and afterwards an associate (1970) and full professor (1976). He worked at the Academy of Music until retirement 1989.
In the period 1967–1968 he was the president of the Composers' Association of Serbia. As an excellent intellectual, he was a corresponding member (from April 25, 1991) and a full member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (October 26, 2000).
He died on March 13, 2003, in Belgrade.
Creative work
Enriko Josif wrote his first compositions as a student (Four sketches for piano, Improvization on folk theme for strings, Sonata brevis for piano, string quartet Quartetto lirico, Isečak for narrator, soprano and piano four-hands, Simfoniettа) and his fertile creative work followed his pedagogical activities as well. Josif wrote pieces for solo-instruments, chamber, choral, orchestral music, pieces for choir and orchestra and film music.
Besides from affinity for contemporary (not avant-garde) expression, he was devoted to the sound of baroque and earlier periods. That is visible in Josif’s compositional manner, but also in the titles of his several works: Sonata antica, Oratorio profano da camera, Frescobaldiana, Sinfonia ricercar. Impressionistic and national, folk musical features were also detected in his pieces. (Rustikon, Lyric symphony).
Original melodic invention and specific instrumental coloring build a distinctive character of Josif’s musical language. According to the composer, distinctive melody was one of the most important features of his style. Josif identified the germ of all his musical thoughts with the terms of "voice", "inner singing" and "melody". His access to art and creation was deeply influenced by philosophical and poetical dimension, which is reflected in numerous titles of Josif’s pieces (In memory of time, O bird, do not fold your wings, Kazivanja, Dozivanja, Snoviđenja, Pesmena govorenja, Vatrenja, Slobodišta).
Religious-philosophical views
Extremely emotional, philosophical and spiritual Josif’s nature, particularly influenced by Fyodor Dostoyevski, Nikolai Berdyaev and Martin Buber, was reflected in his different statements. In his "sayings" (kazivanja in Serbian), Josif talked about spiritual life, his first contacts with the Bible, his relation with God and with all people around him. He was interested in Jewish issues but had no prejudices about the difference between the Old and New Testament. He saw them as a "magnificent, indivisible bridge", being enthralled by the idea of "embracing all people". He had particular reflections about suffering and passion. He even noted specific parallels between destinies of Serbian and Jewish people; inspired by such a "general human tragedy of an alienated man", he composed the scenic chronicle Death of Saint Stephen of Dechani.
Although Josif refused publishing of his speeches and writings, many sources testify his attractive ideas and thoughts about his artistic and living inspiration. Among them are numerous published interviews with Josif, as well as the collection of his lectures "Prophet of the stone herd", made by Vladeta R. Košutić, after audio recordings.
Writings about music
Josif’s distinctive artistic sensibility is also displayed in his writings about music. By commenting pieces of music, composers' opuses, concert performances and achievements of famous musical interpreters, Josif always marked the significance of complete entering, immersing in a piece of art. He compared the musical contexture stratification with the complexity of human being itself and defined the "tone revelation of secrets of infinity in formation and development" as the sublime purpose of musical art. He used a rich, eruptive language with many unusual and new words by his own.
The book about Milenko Živković
During the seventh decade of the 20th century, at the proposal of the Department of Fine Arts and Music SASA (Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts), Enriko Josif wrote a monograph about his professor Milenko Živković. After twenty years, on the initiative of Josif’s widow, Mrs Vera Josif, and the rabbi of Belgrade Isak Asiel, his manuscript was prepared for printing. The book was published in 2009, in the edition of SASA, with the addition with general information about the edition, written by the editor, academician Dejan Despić.
Works
Solistic, instrumentаl
Sonata brevis for piano (1949)
Four Sketches for piano (1957)
Four Stories for piano (1957)
Three Psalms, for piano (1966)
Kazivanja, for clarinet (1981)
Canzonna Bergamasca, for harpsichord
Ballade, for flute
Psаlmody, for flute
Signs, for double bass
Monologue, for violin
Chamber works
Improvisation on folk theme, for 14 wind instruments (1949)
String quartet (1953)
Snoviđenja, for flute, harp and piano (1964)
Hamlet, for flute, harpsichord, harp and viola da gamba (1969)
Zapisi, for wind quintet (1969)
Vatrenja, for piano, violin and violoncello (1972)
Dozivanja, for choir of flutes, two trumpets and harp (1982)
Concertante parody, for violin and piano
Divertimento for wind quintet
Frescobaldiana, for wind quintet
Largo nobile, for two flutes and harp
Моnody, for flute and harp
Signs, for flute, choir of flutes, harpsichord and violoncello
Pesmena govorenja, for flute, choir of flutes and violoncello
Epic chant, for choir of flutes and violoncello
In memory of time, for choir of flutes, two trumpets, trombone, two horns, two fagots, viola and violoncello
Choral
Dodolskа, for male choir
Оrchestral
Suite (1950)
Symphony (1953–54)
Sinfonietta (1954)
Sonata antica, for piano and orchestra (1955)
Lyric symphony, for four flutes, harp and string orchestra (1956)
Iz osame (1957)
Introduction (1961)
Symphony in one movement – Monoptih (1964)
Concert for piano and orchestra (1967)
Sinfonietta di tre re (1968)
Concert for piano and orchestra (1974)
Vučićevci i Knjaževci, for instrumental ensemble
Piesa, for violin and orchestra
Sinfonia ricercar
Works for voice and instruments
Song cycle for soprano and piano (1954)
Isečak, for narrator, soprano and piano four-handed (1954)
Oratorio profano da camera, for soprano, narrator, celesta, piano and percussion (1956)
Death of Saint Stephen of Dechani, motets for narrator, soloists, mixed choir and 16 instruments (1956)
Song of songs, for female choir and a small instrumental ensemble (1957)
Rustikon, for alto, mixed choir and orchestra (1962)
Hymn to Danube, for voice and wind quintet
By the Rivers of Babylon, for voice, flute and harp
Song, for voice, flute and harp
Kameni spavač, for voice and orchestra
Nepokoreni grad, oratorio
Slobodišta, cantata
Scenic
Death of Saint Stephen of Dechani, scenic chronicle for narrator, choir and orchestra (1970)
O bird, do not fold your wings, ballet (1970)
Film music
Landing on Drvar (1963)
Vortex (1964)
„Ko puca otvoriće mu se“ (1965)
Abbes and commissar (1968)
Sarajevo Haggadah
Music for radio drama
Bonfire
Оmer and Merima
External links
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts - Biography
Interview in english
Enriko Josif Website
1924 births
2003 deaths
Musicians from Belgrade
Serbian Sephardi Jews
Serbian composers
Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts |
Ecsenius bimaculatus, known commonly as the twinspot coralblenny, is a species of marine fish in the family Blenniidae.
The twinspot coralblenny is widespread throughout the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean and particularly in the Philippines and the northeast of Borneo, which is the Malaysian province of Sabah.
It grows to a size of in length.
It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade.
References
External links
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=277653
bimaculatus
Taxa named by Victor G. Springer
Fish described in 1971 |
In enzymology, a thiophene-2-carbonyl-CoA monooxygenase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
thiophene-2-carbonyl-CoA + AH2 + O2 5-hydroxythiophene-2-carbonyl-CoA + A + H2O
The three substrates of this enzyme are thiophene-2-carbonyl-CoA, an electron acceptor AH2, and O2. Its three products are 5-hydroxythiophene-2-carbonyl-CoA, the reduction product A, and H2O.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O miscellaneous. The systematic name of this enzyme class is thiophene-2-carbonyl-CoA, hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include thiophene-2-carboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase, thiophene-2-carboxyl-CoA hydroxylase, and thiophene-2-carboxyl-CoA monooxygenase.
References
EC 1.14.99
Enzymes of unknown structure |
Zagornica is a village in the municipality of Visoko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was 387.
References
Populated places in Visoko |
Robert Griffin may refer to:
Robert Griffin (actor) (1902–1960), American film and television actor
Robert Griffin (baseball) (fl. 1931), American baseball player
Robert Griffin (offensive lineman) (born 1989), American football offensive lineman
Robert Griffin III (born 1990), American football quarterback
Robert F. Griffin (1925–1999), American Roman Catholic priest
Robert G. Griffin (born 1942), professor of chemistry
Robert J. Griffin (born 1950), American-Israeli professional basketball player and professor of English Literature
Robert P. Griffin (1923–2015), United States Senator
Robert U. Griffin, jazz trombonist
See also
Rob Griffin (disambiguation)
Bob Griffin (disambiguation) |
Four freestyle skiing events were held at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, at the venue in Sauze d'Oulx. There were both men's and women's competition in both aerials and moguls events. In moguls, the athletes ski down a slope littered with moguls, attempting to get down in as fast a time as possible while also attempting to get points for technique and their two aerial jumps during the course. The aerials events consisted of two jumps, which were judged by air, form and landing.
Medal summary
Medal table
Men’s events
Women’s events
Participating NOCs
Twenty-two nations contributed freestyle skiers to the events at Torino.
References
2006 Winter Olympics events
2006
2006 in freestyle skiing
Sauze d'Oulx |
Anna-Grethe Rischel née Andersen (born 7 May 1935 in Copenhagen) is a Danish paper conservator and paper historian and president of the (IPH). Her special interests lie in macroscopic and microscopic studies of paper technology and paper fibres, covering both Asian and European paper.
Career
Rischel studied at the Textile Department of what is today the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, Schools of Architecture, Design and Conservation (KADK) and worked for many years as a textile printer under the artistic name “Claus”. In 1977 she applied for conservation studies at the School of Conservation of the KADK and received qualifications of a conservator of cultural heritage, in particular, paper and graphic art. In 1980, she started a position as a conservator at the National Museum of Denmark in Brede.
Rischel is known for her work on the 2000-year long history of paper. She was first interested in the subject during her preparation of an exhibition in 1983 featuring Japanese art. She went to Nepal, Thailand and Japan, later also to China, and studied Oriental paper making at its sources. She has written on how the work of botanist Julius von Wiesner impacted research into paper, the paper used by Hans Christian Andersen in his drawings, the oldest surviving paper manuscripts, and how to use analysis of paper to detect forgeries.
Between 1993 and 2000 Anna-Grethe Rischel headed the section for paper technology and fiber materials of the National Museum Conservation Department. She continued to work as a conservator on the important collection of paper brought together from numerous countries and owned by the museum. This gave her the opportunity to do research on the technology and development of paper and became the starting point for the development of some specific macroscopic and microscopic survey methods.
After her retirement in 2005 she continued her analysis activity on handmade paper. In the 2014 book On paper: the everything of its two-thousand-year history, Nicholas A. Basbanes describes the extended conversations he had with Rischel, whom he describes as "an authority in paper analysis". Rischel wrote the foreword to a 2018 book on paper.
Memberships
In 1986 Anna-Grethe Rischel became a member of the Nordic Paper History Association and of the :de:International Association of Paper Historians (IPH). She also became a member of the British Association of Paper Historians. In 2008 she was elected to be the 7th President of IPH as first Scandinavian and first woman, and as of 2021 she is president of the society. In this role she has presided over multiple meetings held by IPH. Until 2018, she served as editor of the periodical IPH Paper History. Since 2008 she has also been a member of the parish council of Birkerød.
Selected publications
Personal life
In 1961 she married Jørgen Rischel, a professor of linguistics at the University of Copenhagen. In 2010, an edited volume of her husband's works was dedicated to Anna-Grethe to acknowledge her contribution to his research.
References
1935 births
Conservator-restorers
Living people
20th-century Danish historians
21st-century Danish historians
Danish women writers
Danish curators
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts alumni
People associated with the National Museum of Denmark
Danish women curators
Danish women historians |
The Lithophylloideae are a monophyletic subfamily of Corallinaceaen Coralline algae with uniporate conceptacles.
References
Bikont subfamilies
Corallinaceae |
```css
/*! jQuery UI - v1.11.2 - 2014-10-28
* path_to_url
* Includes: core.css, draggable.css, resizable.css, selectable.css, sortable.css, slider.css
``` |
Kinda Funny is an online entertainment company that produces videos and podcasts on video game culture, film, television, and comics.
Kinda Funny creates content on two YouTube channels: The primary Kinda Funny channel features comedy videos such as Kinda Funny: The Animated Series, as well as Kinda Funny's flagship podcast 'The Kinda Funny Podcast' (formerly 'The GameOverGreggy Show'). While Kinda Funny Games is the company's video game arm focusing on Let's Plays and weekly podcast The Kinda Funny Gamescast. Since June 19, 2017, the Kinda Funny Games arm of the company has produced a live, daily, video games news podcast for YouTube and Twitch, under the name "Kinda Funny Games Daily".
History
IGN editors Greg Miller and Colin Moriarty created The GameOverGreggy Show in 2013 as a side project, following the popularity of A Conversation With Colin on Greg's personal YouTube channel, GameOverGreggy. Video producers Nick Scarpino and Tim Gettys, also from IGN, later joined the team. In fall of 2014, they launched a Patreon for the channel and rebranded it as Kinda Funny. They received $10,000 in funding within the first 24 hours.
On January 5, 2015, the Kinda Funny team left IGN to start their own entertainment venture, which would allow them to cover video game topics that had previously been off limits to Kinda Funny due to their conditions with IGN. The new company was funded primarily through viewer support and crowdfunding on Patreon.
The channel covers games, film, television, and comics, as was covered at IGN, but often touches on other topics such as politics and snack foods. Their crowdfunding had raised $30,000 in the months leading up to their decision, and $10,000 the day of their announcement. Soon after, they raised close to $35,000 a month between two Patreon accounts. Ben Kuchera of Polygon viewed the news as evidence that fan-funded content had reached new levels, and remarked that content-creators served to make more money when fans paid creators directly rather than the creators using advertising to raise money from fans. The team also continued to freelance for IGN after they left.
On March 30, 2016, Kinda Funny formed a partnership with Rooster Teeth by joining the LetsPlay Network and now occasionally appear in video content on the LetsPlay channel, as well as selling merchandise through the Rooster Teeth online store and participate in LetsPlay events.
New Kinda Funny content featured during one of GameSpot two stage shows at the 2016 Electronic Entertainment Expo.
On March 13, 2017, Colin Moriarty announced his resignation from the company following outcry over a controversial joke posted on Twitter, citing a difference in creative vision with the rest of the Kinda Funny co-founders.
In January 2019, Kinda Funny announced Kinda Funny 4.0. This included the end of The Morning Show and the beginning of many new weekly shows. These include Internet Explorerz, KF/AF, Screencast, Party Mode, and Debatable. The group also retooled their podcast lineup; most notably they retired the long running GameOverGreggy Podcast and replaced it with The Kinda Funny Podcast. The Kinda Funny initiative was kicked off with a month long Patreon fundraiser drive.
Shows
Shows include:
General
Kinda Funny In Review
Kinda Funny Morning Show
KF/AF
We Have Cool Friends
Internet Explorerz
NickNames
Screencast
The Kinda Funny Podcast
Greg's Comic Book Club
Love, Sex, & Stuff (formerly known as Love & Sex Stuff)
Cooking with Greggy
Debatable
Kinda Funny Doodles
Kinda Funny: The Animated Series
Gaming related
PS I Love You XOXO
Kinda Funny Games Daily
Kinda Funny Xcast
Party Mode
A Conversation With Colin
Kinda Funny Gamescast
The PlayStation VR Show
Kinda Funny Reacts
Kinda Funny First Impressions
References
External links
American YouTubers
Twitch (service) streamers
American comedy websites
Video game journalism
American companies established in 2015
IGN |
Wubi ("Windows-based Ubuntu Installer") is a free software Ubuntu installer, that was the official Windows-based software, from 2008 until 2013, to install Ubuntu from within Windows, to a single file within an existing Windows partition.
After installation, it added a new "Ubuntu" option to the existing Windows boot menu which allowed the user to choose between running Linux or Windows, and avoided the need to re-partition the disk.
History
Wubi was born as an independent project and as such versions 7.04 and 7.10 were unofficial releases.
For Ubuntu 8.04 the code was merged into Ubuntu and for 8.04 alpha 5, Wubi was also on the Ubuntu Live CD.
The project's aim was to enable existing Windows users, unacquainted with Linux, to try Ubuntu without risking any data loss (due to disk formatting or partitioning mistakes). It could also safely uninstall Ubuntu from within Windows.
It is not a virtual machine, but creates a stand-alone installation within a loopmounted device, also known as a disk image, like Topologilinux does. It is not a Linux distribution of its own, but rather an installer for Ubuntu.
While Wubi does not install Ubuntu directly to its own partition this can also be accomplished by using LVPM, the Loopmounted Virtual Partition Manager, to transfer the Wubi-generated Ubuntu installation to a dedicated real partition, including a bootable USB keydrive. The advantage of this setup is that users can test the operating system and install the drivers before they install it to a dedicated partition (and avoid booting and functioning risks).
Wubi adds an entry to the Windows boot menu which allows the user to run Linux. Ubuntu is installed within a file in the Windows file system (c:\ubuntu\disks\root.disk), as opposed to being installed within its own partition. This file is seen by Linux as a real hard disk. Wubi also creates a swap file in the Windows file system (c:\ubuntu\disks\swap.disk), in addition to the memory of the host machine. This file is seen by Ubuntu as additional RAM.
A related project, Lubi, used Linux as the host system instead of Windows. However, this project has not been worked on since 2007 and only works on Ubuntu 7.04.
Wubi was removed as an installation option in the official download page from Ubuntu 13.04 onward. However, Wubi installers were still provided for versions up to and including Ubuntu 14.10.
An unofficial fork of Wubi, called wubiuefi, supports UEFI and legacy BIOS as well as newer versions of Ubuntu (as of 2022-04-03, version 20.04.4).
Desktops
Users can select the desktop environment within Wubi. But, because each desktop environment is also available as an application package, it is recommended that users install Ubuntu (default option) and from there install the other desktop environments. When users log in, they can choose the desktop environment to use.
Limitations
Compared with a regular installation, a Wubi installation faces some limitations. Hibernation is not supported and the filesystem is more vulnerable to hard reboots. Also, if the Windows drive is unmounted uncleanly (Windows crash, power failure, etc.), Ubuntu will not be able to repair, re-mount, and boot from the Windows NTFS drive until Microsoft Windows has successfully booted, repaired the drive, and then shut down cleanly. If the Windows system could not be booted after the corruption to repair the filesystem, the user would also not be able to boot Ubuntu.
Performance related to hard-disk access is also slightly slower on a Wubi install, more so if the underlying disk image file is fragmented, as the disk image file in the Windows filesystem contains a Linux filesystem whereas without Wubi only the Linux filesystem is used that has direct hardware access.
Wubi creates the root.disk file using Microsoft's proprietary NTFS file system while running under the MS Windows OS and then while the Ubuntu OS is running it accesses that file using an alternative file system driver. The differences between the Microsoft and Linux implementations of NTFS could technically result in corruption of the root.disk file that affects the NTFS filesystem in such a way that it could even prevent Windows from booting. Running chkdsk /r from MS Windows to fix the damaged NTFS file system and then shutting down Windows cleanly may fix any corruptions (this may take a significant amount of time to run as root.disk is a large file).
Influences
Wubi relies on other open source projects: Debian installer, Migration Assistant, Grub4Dos, NTFS-3G, NSIS, Metalink and Ubiquity.
Development
The lead developers are Agostino Russo, Geza Kovacs, Oliver Mattos and Ecology2007. The main development occurs at Launchpad and is led by the Lupin Team (Lupin is the loop-installer, handles everything that happens after reboot) through the original Ubuntu blueprint page and the new Wubi, Lubi, Lupin, and LVPM project pages.
Hardware support
Both the i386 (32-bit x86) and x86-64 releases of Ubuntu are supported by Wubi and Lubi. In versions before 8.04, only the x86 release of Ubuntu was supported. Wubi UEFI works with UEFI boot loaders.
Origins
A number of Linux distributions, including Red Hat Linux and Slackware's ZipSlack, provided a similar tool in the mid-1990s, using syslinux and the UMSDOS filesystem driver. Later, SuSE provided something similar using syslinux and loop-mounted disk images on FAT filesystems. During the late '90s BeOS used a similar system to install the OS in a folder in Windows.
The idea for Wubi was drafted by Agostino Russo taking inspiration from Topologilinux, which provided a loopmounted installation, and Instlux, that provided a simple Windows frontend. The idea was to merge the two concepts having a Windows installer that would loopmount an image of Ubuntu. Geza Kovacs later refined the specification and provided the first prototypes to show that the concept was sound. Oliver Mattos wrote the original user interface in NSIS.
Agostino Russo then refined the loop-installation concept, moving from a simple loopmounted pre-made image file to an image created on the fly using a dynamically patched version of the Debian installer, thus providing an experience which was closer to a real installation while addressing several other issues of the early prototypes. Lupin project was thus born and Agostino Russo wrote and implemented most of its code with some contributions from Geza Kovacs.
Agostino Russo and Ecology2007 later redesigned and rewrote the current Windows front-end. Hampus Wessman contributed the new downloader and the translation scripts. Bean123 and Tinybit also helped to debug and fix bootloader issues. Lubi and LVPM were subsequently created by Geza Kovacs.
The project has inspired the creation of other Windows-based Linux installers, such as Win32-loader.
See also
List of tools to create Live USB systems
Ubiquity the Ubuntu operating system installer
Cooperative Linux allows Linux to run within Windows (used by e.g. Topologilinux (Slackware-based) and andLinux)
Debian-Installer
Instlux, included on openSUSE since the 10.3 release
Win32-Loader a similar chain-booting mechanism to install Debian without a CD
UNetbootin a similar approach for a standard Linux installation (or for creating a Live USB) without a CD
References
External links
WubiGuide in the official Ubuntu wiki
Lubi/LVPM/UNetbootin project website
FLOSS Weekly 63: Wubi with Agostino Russo, the lead developer of Wubi
Wubiuefi a "fork of Wubi for UEFI support and for support of recent Ubuntu releases"
Free software programmed in C++
Free system software
Linux installation software
Ubuntu
Windows-only free software |
```c
/*
*
*/
#include <string.h>
#include "esp_chip_info.h"
#include "hal/efuse_ll.h"
#include "hal/efuse_hal.h"
void esp_chip_info(esp_chip_info_t *out_info)
{
uint32_t pkg_ver = efuse_ll_get_chip_ver_pkg();
memset(out_info, 0, sizeof(*out_info));
out_info->model = CHIP_ESP32S2;
out_info->revision = efuse_hal_chip_revision();
out_info->cores = 1;
out_info->features = CHIP_FEATURE_WIFI_BGN;
switch (pkg_ver) {
case 0: // ESP32-S2
break;
case 1: // ESP32-S2FH16
// fallthrough
case 2: // ESP32-S2FH32
out_info->features |= CHIP_FEATURE_EMB_FLASH;
break;
default: // New package, features unknown
break;
}
}
``` |
```javascript
/**
* @providesModule ES6_Default_NamedFunction1
* @flow
*/
declare export default function foo():number;
``` |
"Habibi" (meaning "my love" in Arabic) is a song by Swedish rappers Ricky Rich and ARAM Mafia. It peaked at number 29 of Sverigetopplistan, the official Swedish singles chart and spending 21 weeks in the chart. It became viral on TikTok in 2021 and also charted in Germany, Austria and Switzerland becoming Ricky Rich as well as ARAM Mafia's first ever international hit.
An official music video was released for the song directed by Viktor Blomdahl that featured Ricky Rich and actress and dancer Jeamy Blessed.
Charts
Certifications
References
2017 songs
2017 singles |
Laüs or Laus (; ) was an ancient city on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. It was at the mouth of the Lao River, which formed the boundary between Lucania and Bruttium in ancient times and gave it its name.
The archaeological site of the city can be found at a short distance to the east of Marcellina, near Santa Maria del Cedro in Calabria.
History
Herodotus states that the inhabitants of Sybaris who had survived the destruction of their city in 510 BC took refuge in Laus and Scidrus. Silver coins were found with the legend LAFINON and symbols similar to those of the coins of Sybaris, dated between 500 and 440 BC.
Diodorus Siculus implies that that city had been captured by the Lucanians before or during 390 BC. The Thurii had repelled a force of the Lucanians which had attacked their territory in 390 BC. The Lucanians then withdrew to their own territory and Thurians pursued them to lay siege to the "prosperous" town of Laus but on the way the Thurians were ambushed and crushed by the Lucanians.
Pseudo-Scylax writes that it was a colony of Thurii.
Strabo in 7 BC-23 AD describes the city as still being in existence. He mentions a heroon to Draco, a companion of Odysseus. Pliny the Elder in approximately 77–79 AD states that the city no longer existed.
Excavations
The first excavation started between 1929 and 1932. The necropolis of Laus now lies below Marcellina and is notable for its important finds. A rich tomb chamber was discovered by accident in 1961 not far from the railway station of Marcellina, in which were dozens of red-figured vases, bronze and precious metals, and a finely crafted bronze armour. Dated to the second half of the fourth century BC, it is now exhibited in the Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia in Reggio Calabria. Other burials of the same period, though less rich, were found in the same area in the 1950s and 1960s.
The excavations revealed the city was defended on at least three sides by a wall. The urban space was organised according to a grid plan with at least two central roadways in a north–south orientation and 12 m wide. These were intersected at regular distances of 96 m by perpendicular roads in an east–west orientation and approximately 5 m wide. This created a checkerboard layout of building blocks, which were further separated by narrow lanes. In the south-east of the site, near the present cemetery, an area of artisanal kilns for the production of ceramics was discovered.
The site today
The Laus Archaeological Park was created in 1994 to protect the site covering an area of approximately 60 hectares.
See also
List of ancient Greek cities
References
External links
Official website of the Laüs Archaeological Park (Italian)
Achaean colonies of Magna Graecia
Ruins in Italy
Lucania
Former populated places in Italy
Archaeological sites in Calabria
Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Italy |
```smarty
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http:www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="path_to_url">
<script type="text/javascript" src="path_to_url"></script>
<title>Vue Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<el-container style="border: 1px solid #eee">
<el-aside width="200px" style="background-color: rgb(238, 241, 246)">
<el-menu :default-openeds="['1']" :default-active="$route.path" @select="handleSelect">
<el-menu-item index="">
<template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-message"></i></template>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="/menu-1-index">
<template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i>1</template>
</el-menu-item>
<el-menu-item index="/menu-2-index">
<template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-setting"></i>2</template>
</el-menu-item>
</el-menu>
</el-aside>
<el-container>
<router-view></router-view>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</div>
<script>
</script>
<script src="path_to_url"></script>
<script src="path_to_url "></script>
<script src="path_to_url"></script>
<script src="path_to_url"></script>
<script src="/static/sim/js/util.js"></script>
<script src="/static/sim/js/route.js"></script>
<script src="/static/sim/js/main.js"></script>
<script type="module" src="/static/sim/js/aaa.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
``` |
```c++
// Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// path_to_url
#if !defined(BOOST_VMD_SEQ_TO_TUPLE_HPP)
#define BOOST_VMD_SEQ_TO_TUPLE_HPP
#include <boost/vmd/detail/setup.hpp>
#if BOOST_PP_VARIADICS
#include <boost/preprocessor/control/iif.hpp>
#include <boost/preprocessor/seq/to_tuple.hpp>
#include <boost/vmd/empty.hpp>
#include <boost/vmd/is_empty.hpp>
/*
The succeeding comments in this file are in doxygen format.
*/
/** \file
*/
/** \def BOOST_VMD_SEQ_TO_TUPLE(seq)
\brief converts a seq to a tuple.
seq = seq to be converted.
If the seq is an empty seq it is converted to an empty tuple.
Otherwise the seq is converted to a tuple with the same number of elements as the seq.
*/
#define BOOST_VMD_SEQ_TO_TUPLE(seq) \
BOOST_PP_IIF \
( \
BOOST_VMD_IS_EMPTY(seq), \
BOOST_VMD_EMPTY, \
BOOST_PP_SEQ_TO_TUPLE \
) \
(seq) \
/**/
#endif /* BOOST_PP_VARIADICS */
#endif /* BOOST_VMD_SEQ_TO_TUPLE_HPP */
``` |
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine;
class GoogleCloudMlV1ExplainRequest extends \Google\Model
{
protected $httpBodyType = GoogleApiHttpBody::class;
protected $httpBodyDataType = '';
/**
* @param GoogleApiHttpBody
*/
public function setHttpBody(GoogleApiHttpBody $httpBody)
{
$this->httpBody = $httpBody;
}
/**
* @return GoogleApiHttpBody
*/
public function getHttpBody()
{
return $this->httpBody;
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(GoogleCloudMlV1ExplainRequest::class, your_sha256_hashRequest');
``` |
Estradiol butyrylacetate (EBA), sold under the brand names Follikosid and Klimanosid-R Depot (with testosterone ketolaurate and reserpine), is an estrogen medication which is no longer marketed. It is an estrogen ester, specifically, an ester of estradiol. It is administered by intramuscular injection and a single 10 mg dose has been said to have a duration of action of 2 to 3 weeks. The excretion of EBA in women has been studied.
See also
Estradiol butyrylacetate/testosterone ketolaurate/reserpine
List of estrogen esters § Estradiol esters
References
Abandoned drugs
Estradiol esters
Synthetic estrogens |
```c
/*
*
*/
#include "soc/gdma_periph.h"
#include "soc/ahb_dma_reg.h"
const gdma_signal_conn_t gdma_periph_signals = {
.groups = {
[0] = {
.module = PERIPH_GDMA_MODULE,
.pairs = {
[0] = {
.rx_irq_id = ETS_DMA_IN_CH0_INTR_SOURCE,
.tx_irq_id = ETS_DMA_OUT_CH0_INTR_SOURCE,
},
[1] = {
.rx_irq_id = ETS_DMA_IN_CH1_INTR_SOURCE,
.tx_irq_id = ETS_DMA_OUT_CH1_INTR_SOURCE,
}
}
}
}
};
``` |
Parornix arbutifoliella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Pennsylvania and Maine in the United States.
The larvae feed on Photinia pyrifolia. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
References
Parornix
Moths of North America
Moths described in 1907 |
Aldoma Bay (Russian: Zaliv Aldoma) is a small bay in the western Sea of Okhotsk. It is 8 km (5 mi) east to west and 14.5 km (9 mi) north to south. The Aldoma River flows into it from the west; to its east lies the Nurki Peninsula. It is considered the best anchorage in the northwestern part of the sea as it offers shelter from northeast winds.
History
American and Russian whaleships hunted bowhead whales in the bay in the 1850s and 1860s. They also anchored in the bay to get wood and water.
References
Bays of the Sea of Okhotsk
Bays of Khabarovsk Krai |
Asnois () is a commune in the Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.
See also
Communes of the Vienne department
References
External links
Moulin de Roussille à Asnois
Communes of Vienne |
```javascript
const arrowRight = (
<svg
width="6"
height="6"
viewBox="0 0 5 6"
xmlns="path_to_url"
fill="#808080"
>
<path d="M0 0l5 3-5 3" fillRule="evenodd" />
</svg>
);
const arrowDown = (
<svg
width="6"
height="6"
viewBox="0 0 6 5"
xmlns="path_to_url"
fill="#808080"
>
<path d="M6 0L3 5 0 0" fillRule="evenodd" />
</svg>
);
class SoftwareItem extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
open: false
};
}
render() {
const { pkg } = this.props;
const { open } = this.state;
return (
<li>
{open && arrowDown}
{!open && arrowRight}
<span
onClick={() => {
this.setState({ open: !open });
}}
>
{pkg.name}
</span>
{open && <p>{pkg.description}</p>}
<style jsx>{`
span {
margin-left: 8px;
}
p {
margin: 8px 0;
line-height: 1.4;
font-size: 12px;
color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
user-select: text;
cursor: default;
}
li {
margin: 8px 0;
}
li:hover span {
color: #000;
}
`}</style>
</li>
);
}
}
export default SoftwareItem;
``` |
Laboulbenia quarantenae is a species of ectoparasitic fungi. It is closely related to Laboulbenia vulgaris, but differs enough in its DNA to make it a separate species. The species was discovered in 2020 on its host Bembidion biguttatum, a small ground beetle (Carabidae), in the Botanic Garden Meise. It was discovered by Danny Haelewaters and André De Kesel, who named it "quarantenae", as they formally described it during the quarantine measures in their respective countries, the United States and Belgium.
See also
List of species named after the COVID-19 pandemic
References
Laboulbeniaceae
Fungi described in 2020
Fungi of Europe |
Demetrida demarzi is a species of ground beetle in Lebiinae subfamily. It was described by Straneo in 1960 and is found in Australia.
References
Beetles described in 1960
Beetles of Australia
demarzi |
Captain Gordon Budd Irving was a Canadian World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories.
Early life
Gordon Budd Irving was the sole son of attorney William Henry Irving and Mary Maude Smith Irving. His childhood home was at 76 Spadina Street, Toronto; he attended church nearby at Trinity Methodist Church (present-day Trinity-Saint Paul's United). After education at the Huron Street Public School and University of Toronto Schools, he was briefly employed by National Trust Company.
World War I service
Irving then joined the Royal Flying Corps in May, 1917 and sent to Camp Borden for training. He shipped out for England in July 1917. By November of that year, he had been trained and posted to No. 19 Squadron RFC. He was assigned a Sopwith Dolphin to fly.
Irving scored his first aerial victory on 24 March 1918; by 2 July, his count was up to three enemy planes destroyed and eight driven down out of control. During five of these victories, he had teamed with other aces, including Cecil Gardner, Finlay McQuistan, John Aldridge, James Hardman, and fellow Canadian Albert Desbrisay Carter. Irving had also risen to the position of Flight Commander in May.
Decoration and death
On 3 August, he was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. Eight days later, in a dogfight during a patrol, he drove down a Pfalz D.III fighter for his ninth out of control victory. Irving was reported as missing in action, as three Dolphins went down that day, one of them on fire. Irving's body was not recovered.
His Officer Commanding, Major D. J. Pretyman, wrote "...he is a great loss to my squadron as he was loved by all the officers and men, besides being a very gallant gentleman and always ready to do his best." The Prince of Wales posthumously awarded the DFC to Irving's sister, Mrs. Kathleen Purves. The most likely claimants for victory over Irving were either Justus Grassmann or Alois Heldmann.
Honours and awards
Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC)
Lt. (T./Capt.) Gordon Irving.
He has carried out numerous offensive patrols, and under his able leadership many enemy formations have been successfully engaged. He has personally accounted for six enemy aircraft, and by his consistent keenness and fearlessness he sets a fine example to the pilots in his squadron.
Sources of information
References
Franks, Norman. Dolphin and Snipe Aces of World War 1. Osprey Publishing, 2002. , .
Shores, Christopher F. et al. Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915-1920. Grub Street, 1990. , .
1898 births
1918 deaths
Canadian aviators
Canadian flying aces
Canadian military personnel killed in World War I
People from Old Toronto
Military personnel from Toronto
Royal Flying Corps officers |
Kathleen McGee is a Canadian stand-up comedian from Edmonton, Alberta. Her performance at the Winnipeg Comedy Festival was nominated for a 2019 Canadian Comedy Award. Her debut full-length album, 2019's Deliciously Vulgar, was produced by Grammy winner Dan Schlissel for his label Stand Up! Records.
Career
Stand-up comedy
McGee started performing stand-up comedy in Edmonton in 2005 after a bad break-up, and quickly became known for her provocative, bawdy and sometimes sexually explicit material, winning the annual Funniest Person With a Day Job competition in 2008 at Edmonton club The Comic Strip. She lived for several years in Vancouver, Toronto, and Los Angeles to advance her career, but by 2018 had settled back in Edmonton.
In 2017, she was a finalist in the SiriusXM competition Canada's Top Comic.
She was a regular columnist for Canadian magazine BeatRoute in 2015-16, writing the series Been There Done That: Questionable Advice From a Comedian.
In 2016, she was a headliner in the touring show Rape Is Real and Everywhere, in which all the comedians were also survivors of sexual abuse.
She has been a guest panelist twice on the CBC Radio comedy series The Debaters.
Albums
McGee's Stand Up! Records debut Deliciously Vulgar, was released in 2019. Reviewer Richard Lanoie of The Serious Comedy Site called the album "clever, explicit, and extremely funny," and said he felt that McGee's likeable charm helped make her more intense material palatable and funny.
Podcasts
Since 2019, she has co-hosted The Dead Baby Bear Podcast with Canadian comic Sean Lecomber. Previously, she hosted Kathleen McGee is a Hot Mess, which ran for 89 episodes and ended in 2018.
Awards and nominations
McGee was nominated for a 2019 Canadian Comedy Award, in the "Best Taped Live Performance" category, for her show "Hot Mess," recorded at the Winnipeg Comedy Festival.
Discography
Deliciously Vulgar (Stand Up! Records, 2019)
Personal life
She has a tattoo on her arm celebrating February 21, 2017, the day McDonald's began serving all-day breakfast in Canada, and another on her thigh of Cheers star Shelley Long.
References
External links
Official website
Kathleen McGee at Stand Up! Records website
Living people
Canadian stand-up comedians
Canadian women comedians
People from Edmonton
Stand Up! Records artists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Comedians from Alberta |
The 1951 Men's World Weightlifting Championships were held in Palazzo del Ghiaccio, Milan, Italy from October 26 to October 28, 1951. There were 62 men in action from 14 nations.
Medal summary
Medal table
References
Results (Sport 123)
Weightlifting World Championships Seniors Statistics
External links
International Weightlifting Federation
World Weightlifting Championships
World Weightlifting Championships
International weightlifting competitions hosted by Italy
World Weightlifting Championships |
Meghan O'Leary (born August 24, 1984 in Tulsa, Oklahoma) is an American Olympic rower. Having represented the United States twice at Rio 2016 Summer Olympic Games, and at Tokyo 2020, O'Leary is a three-time World Cup medalist. She currently serves on the USRowing Board of Directors.
She attended the University of Virginia as a Jefferson Scholar, where she played volleyball and softball.
She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the women's double sculls.
She has qualified to represent the United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
References
1984 births
Living people
American female rowers
Olympic rowers for the United States
Rowers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 2020 Summer Olympics
World Rowing Championships medalists for the United States
Sportspeople from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Sportspeople from Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Virginia Cavaliers women's volleyball players
Virginia Cavaliers softball players |
Calamus erectus, also known as viagra palm and locally as tynriew, tara, and zhi li sheng teng, is a flowering shrub in the family Arecaceae. The specific epithet (erectus) refers to the plant's habit of growing straight rather than creeping or climbing like many species of the genus Calamus.
Distribution
Calamus erectus is native to India and Nepal east to northern Laos and southern China. Of India, it is native to the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Sikkim, Assam, West Bengal, Manipur, and Meghalaya, and of China it is native to Yunnan. It has been introduced to the United States. It grows wild in lower hill forests, especially on drier slopes, and grows frequently in the Tista and Rangit valley of West Bengal and Sikkim. It also grows in lowland and montane rainforests or drier forests, especially on steep slopes, up to in elevation.
Description
Calamus erectus is a rattan palm, and unlike most other species in the genus Calamus, it is not climbing but grows to in height. It has weakly clustering stems which measure up to in length and in diameter. The rachis bear up to 40 narrow leaves on each side, which are regularly arranged and slightly curved. They measure in length and in width. The veins are adaxial and abaxial and the margin is bristly. The stems may be upright or leaning. The leaf sheaths are dark green in color and are covered in dark brown hairs and have short rows of brown, flattened spines which measure up to in length. Ocreas are present and have rows of short spines split into 2. Knees, flagella, and cirri are absent. The petioles and rachis have whorls of yellow to white spines. The rachis measure up to in length and the petiole measures in length. Inflorescences measure up to in length and are not flagellate. The bracts of the inflorescences are tubular and are tattering at the tip. The calyx of the flower is 3-lobed and the lobes are apiculate, and the corolla is 3-petaled. The fruit is greenish when unripe and reddish-brown when ripe, and is ellipsoid in shape and measures in length and in width. The thin skin is covered in grooved scales. It normally contains 1 large, whitish seed which is edible but said to be bland in flavor and causes dry mouth when chewed. It germinates very quickly. The first seedling leaf is pinnate and the seedling grows at a fast rate. The plant grows well in a pot and can be grown as an ornamental in warm temperate to tropical climates. It is cold hardy to USDA zone 9b (25–30 °F or −4 – −1 °C).
Uses
The plant is cultivated experimentally in several locations across India and Bangladesh, and is cultivated in several botanical gardens, especially in the Indian Botanic Garden in Howrah. Although the canes are not useful for making furniture due to the short internodes, the Mising people of the Assam plains used strong canes of Calamus erectus along with split Dendrocalamus bamboo to make huts and used the leaves as thatch. The stems and leaves are also used by them to make poultry houses. In Bangladesh, the seeds are chewed in the place of betel nuts. It is sometimes used in folk medicine, as it is considered to hold antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. It is offered to the Gods of the Sanamahism religion during the Lunar New Year celebration rituals known as Cheiraoba. The young shoots and leaves are eaten as a vegetable and have a bitter flavor when raw.
Nutritional value
The fruit contains rich amounts of vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus.
See also
List of culinary fruits
List of culinary vegetables
References
erectus
Flora of China
Flora of the Indian subcontinent
Flora of Indo-China
Taxa named by William Roxburgh
Plants described in 1832
Fruit trees
Edible fruits
Leaf vegetables
Medicinal plants of Asia |
Ciche is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zbiczno, within Brodnica County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies north of Zbiczno, north of Brodnica, and north-east of Toruń.
References
Ciche |
Hajjiabad (, also Romanized as Ḩājjīābād) is a village in Rudpey-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Sari County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 160, in 41 families.
References
Populated places in Sari County |
Southern Finland (, ) was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2009. It bordered the provinces of Western Finland and Eastern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Finland and Russia.
History
On September 1, 1997 the Uusimaa Province, the Kymi Province and the southern parts of the Häme Province were joined to form the new Southern Finland Province.
All the provinces of Finland were abolished on January 1, 2010.
Administration
The State Provincial Office was a joint regional authority of seven different ministries. It promoted national and regional objectives of the State central administration. The State Provincial Office of Southern Finland employed about 380 persons. Its service offices were located in the cities of Hämeenlinna, Helsinki, and Kouvola. The administrative seat was placed at Hämeenlinna.
Regions
Southern Finland was divided into six regions:
South Karelia (Etelä-Karjala / Södra Karelen)
Päijänne Tavastia (Päijät-Häme / Päijänne Tavastland)
Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme / Egentliga Tavastland)
Uusimaa (Uusimaa / Nyland)
Eastern Uusimaa (Itä-Uusimaa / Östra Nyland)
Kymenlaakso (Kymenlaakso / Kymmenedalen)
Municipalities in 2009 (cities in bold)
Southern Finland was divided into 72 municipalities in 2009.
Artjärvi
Asikkala
Askola
Espoo
Forssa
Hamina
Hanko
Hartola
Hattula
Hausjärvi
Heinola
Helsinki
Hollola
Humppila
Hyvinkää
Hämeenkoski
Hämeenlinna
Iitti
Imatra
Ingå
Janakkala
Jokioinen
Järvenpää
Karjalohja
Karkkila
Kauniainen
Kerava
Kirkkonummi
Kotka
Kouvola
Kärkölä
Lahti
Lapinjärvi
Lappeenranta
Lemi
Liljendal
Lohja
Loppi
Loviisa
Luumäki
Miehikkälä
Myrskylä
Mäntsälä
Nastola
Nummi-Pusula
Nurmijärvi
Orimattila
Padasjoki
Parikkala
Pernå
Pornainen
Porvoo
Pukkila
Pyhtää
Raseborg
Rautjärvi
Riihimäki
Ruokolahti
Ruotsinpyhtää
Savitaipale
Sipoo
Siuntio
Suomenniemi
Sysmä
Taipalsaari
Tammela
Tuusula
Vantaa
Vihti
Virolahti
Ylämaa
Ypäjä
Former municipalities (disestablished before 2009)
Anjalankoski
Ekenäs
Elimäki
Hauho
Jaala
Joutseno
Kalvola
Karis
Kuusankoski
Lammi
Pohja
Renko
Saari
Sammatti
Tuulos
Uukuniemi
Valkeala
Vehkalahti
Governors
Tuula Linnainmaa 1997-2003
Anneli Taina 2003-2009
Heraldry
The coat of arms of Southern Finland was composed of the arms of Tavastia, Karelia and Uusimaa.
Notes
External links
Southern Finland State Provincial Office - Official site
Provinces of Finland (1997–2009)
States and territories established in 1997
States and territories disestablished in 2009 |
Dombeyoideae is a widely distributed subfamily of the Malvaceae, as proposed by the APG. Most of the plants placed here were once assembled with more or less related genera in the paraphyletic Sterculiaceae; a lesser number were placed in the Tiliaceae which were also not monophyletic.
The Dombeyoideae were originally described by Carl Beilschmied in 1833. In the present delimitation, they contain roughly 20 genera with about 380 species, some 60% of which are in Dombeya (one of the most speciose genera of Malvaceae). They grow in the Old World tropics, especially Madagascar and the Mascarenes where about two-thirds of the species occur. In the Mascarenes, they are among the most diverse angiosperm groups, analogous to such (unrelated) plants as the aeoniums on the Canary Islands or the silversword alliance of the Hawaiian Islands.
The subfamily is sometimes further divided into tribes (Corchoropsideae, Dombeyeae, Eriolaeneae, Helmiopsideae), but this is more often considered unwarranted. Probably, most or all of these supposed subdivisions are not monophyletic and thus technically synonyms of the whole subfamily.
Several species are noted for their beautiful timber which is used for inlays and other artwork. Others – namely from the type genus Dombeya – are popular ornamental plants due to their beautiful flowers. Trochetia is famous for the peculiar coloured nectar it can produce, and it often is pollinated by Phelsuma geckos.
Selected genera
Genera of Dombeyoideae include:
Astiria Lindl. – synonym of Ruizia
Burretiodendron – formerly in Tiliaceae
Cheirolaena Benth
Corchoropsis Siebold & Zucc. – formerly in Tiliaceae
Dombeya
Eriolaena
Harmsia K.Schum.
Helmiopsiella Arenes – synonym of Eriolaena
Helmiopsis H.Perrier – synonym of Eriolaena
Melhania
Nesogordonia
Paradombeya Stapf – synonym of Corchoropsis
Paramelhania Arenes
Pentapetes L.
Pterospermum
Ruizia Cav.
Schoutenia – formerly in Tiliaceae
Sicrea f. – synonym of Schoutenia
Trochetia – synonym of Ruizia
Trochetiopsis
Footnotes
References
(2006): Does minimizing homoplasy really maximize homology? MaHo: A method for evaluating homology among most parsimonious trees. C. R. Palevol 7(1): 17–26. (HTML abstract)
(2007a): Synonymy of Malvaceae. Retrieved 2008-JUN-25.
(2007b): Malvaceae Info: Index to Genera. Retrieved 2008-JUN-25.
Rosid subfamilies |
Barsanuphius (; ; ; died c. 545), also known as Barsanuphius of Palestine, Barsanuphius of Gaza or Barsanuphius the Great (in Eastern Orthodoxy), was a Christian hermit and writer of the sixth century.
Born in Egypt, he lived in absolute seclusion for fifty years, and then near the monastery of Saint Seridon of Gaza in Palestine. He wrote many letters, 800 of which have survived. He corresponded mainly with John the Prophet, abbot of the monastery of Merosala and teacher of Dorotheus of Gaza.
At the old age he convinced the emperor to renew the concordant relationship with the Church of Jerusalem.
Veneration
His relics arrived in Oria, in Italy, with a Palestinian monk in 850 AD and placed in the present-day church of San Francesco da Paola by Bishop Theodosius. During a Moorish siege and taking of the city, the relics were lost but then later rediscovered and placed in the city's basilica.
At Oria he is considered to have saved the city from destruction wrought by foreign invaders. A legend states that he repelled a Spanish invasion by appearing before the Spanish commander armed with a sword. During World War II, he is said to have spread his blue cape across the sky, thus causing a rainstorm, and preventing an air bombing by Allied Forces.
References
External links
San Barsanofio
6th-century Christian saints
Eastern Orthodox saints
Egyptian hermits
Saints from the Holy Land
Saints from Roman Egypt
563 deaths
Year of birth unknown |
Black Peak is a highly eroded stratovolcano comprising a lava dome complex on the Alaska Peninsula of the U.S. state of Alaska. Also called Black Volcano or Sopka Chornaia, the mountain is located within the Lake and Peninsula Borough.
The latest eruption from Black Peak less than 4,000 years ago produced an explosive VEI-6 eruption that created a caldera. Ash flow tuffs and block and ash flow deposits from this explosive eruption traveled down the Ash Creek and Bluff Creek valleys that reach depths of .
References
Volcanoes of Lake and Peninsula Borough, Alaska
Stratovolcanoes of the United States
Volcanoes of Alaska
VEI-6 volcanoes
Holocene stratovolcanoes
Inactive volcanoes
Calderas of Alaska
Holocene calderas |
```tex
%!TEX TS-program = xelatex
%!TEX encoding = UTF-8 Unicode
\documentclass[11pt,tikz,border=1]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
neuron/.style={circle,draw,inner sep=0pt,minimum size=10mm},
font=\footnotesize
]
\node(i) [neuron] {};
\node(o) [neuron,right=2 of i] {};
\draw[->] (i) -- node [above] {
$\frac{\partial C}{\partial w} = a_{\rm in} \delta_{\rm out}$
} (o);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
``` |
The Scene Between is the fourth studio album by English band The Go! Team. It was released on 24 March 2015 by Memphis Industries. The album was written and produced by leader Ian Parton after the band was officially dissolved after the promotion of their 2011 album Rolling Blackouts. Vocalists on the album include Emily Reo, Samira Winter, Casey Sowa, Atom, Doreen Kirchner, Glockabelle, The London African Gospel Choir and an Atlantan vocal trio.
Background
Following the band's 2011-12 tour in support of their third album Rolling Blackouts, the then-current line-up decided to split. Says frontman Ian Parton, “We had a band meeting after that gig, and kind of decided it was the end of the line. [...] It was getting really hard to keep it together; people were having kids, there were side projects going on, and honestly, we’d kind of done everything that we wanted to. I knew I was going to keep on making music somehow, and it was kind of liberating to know that I could basically do what I wanted.” The demise of the band's classic line-up included the departure of lead vocalist Ninja, who Parton described as the "face of the band".
Recording
The line-up's split inspired Parton to go back to the band's roots - similar to the production of the band's debut, Thunder, Lightning, Strike, the album was entirely written and produced by him, excluding the vocals. Says Parton, “I started the band myself, and did the first album alone, so I felt like I had the right to keep calling it The Go! Team. [...] Even on the last two records, I’d still written them, musically speaking, from start to finish, but The Scene Between is the first time I’ve gone right back to how things started. [...] I’ve always been the one who’s been arsed to listen to thousands of records, pluck some samples, and write songs around them.”
The album was a departure from the group's previous two albums, which were more band-oriented and groove-based. Parton instead decided to make a more straightforward, sample-based album with an emphasis on vocal melodies, saying “The original plan was to write a whole bunch of songs that I thought were melodically interesting - kind of curvy, kind of dense. From there, I was going to try to build the songs out of chords I’d taken from loads of different places; I’d get the G from a sixties psych record, or the B from an old funk track, or something. I was really into the idea of building it up. To some extent, I’ve always worked that way, but I wanted to pursue that properly this time, and it actually turned out a lot more subtle than I thought it would. It’s like a balance between everything I’ve always loved, musically. [...] I guess I’m just always interested in melodies, and the classic idea of the pop song, like The Monkees or something. I think The Scene Between picks up where songs like ‘Ready to Go Steady’ and ‘Buy Nothing Day’ left off on the last album, because there’s expansion and variation within an identifiable Go! Team blueprint.”
Parton expresses how he wished to avoid having any high-profile guest appearances on the album, as opposed to their previous two albums, which featured Chuck D (‘Flashlight Fight’ on Proof of Youth) and Bethany Cosentino (‘Buy Nothing Day’ and ‘Rolling Blackouts’ on Rolling Blackouts). “I figured that the last two records were getting overshadowed, at points, by namedroppy features. [...] [It] almost become the story of the album, and I wanted the songs to stand alone this time,” he says. Instead, he chose to scout out a collective of relatively unknown vocalists, a process which included putting out open calls on the Drowned in Sound message board. Says Parton, “It just involved a lot of scouring the world. [...] I listened to a hell of a lot of different bands, mainly obscure ones. [...] I was looking for something bordering on amateurishness. [...] I knew some songs had to be quite full-on and bratty, and others needed to be smoother, or have a little bit of an accent on them. I was open to how it would ultimately turn out, but I had a vague idea of what I was gunning for. Take a song like ‘Did You Know?’; because that’s a slower one, I knew that a straightforward vocal might be too sickly, or too cute, and that I’d need to take the edge off it. I needed to kind of Moe Tucker-ify it.”
Release
The album was released on label Memphis Industries on 24 March 2015. The band went on a tour to support the album, which notably included the return of classic line-up members Ninja and guitarist Sam Dook. Says Parton, “A live show without [Ninja] would be a complete different ball game, so I’m glad we’ve got her; I know she loves doing it. We want to get to Japan and America, and do as much as we realistically can.”
Between the Scene Between, a free cassette with download card, was given with copies of the album at independent record shops. It is a two-track release containing excerpts of songs from The Scene Between mixed together.
Track listing
Personnel
Credits for The Scene Between adapted from album liner notes.
The Go! Team
Jamie Bell
Sam Dook
Rob Jones
Ian Parton
Additional musicians
Samira Winter – vocals on "What D'You Say?"
The London African Gospel Choir – vocals on "The Scene Between" and "The Art of Getting By (Song for Heaven's Gate)"
Casey Sowa – vocals on "Waking the Jetstream"
Doreen Kirchner – vocals on "Blowtorch" and "Reason Left to Destroy"
Shi Lu (Atom) – vocals on "Did You Know?"
Annabelle Cazes – vocals on "Catch Me on the Rebound"
Emily Reo – vocals on "Her Last Wave" and "Reason Left to Destroy"
Production
Gareth Parton – mixing
Ian Parton – production
Streaky – mastering
Sam Williams – mixing
Artwork and design
Mark Jessett – artwork
Christian Pinchbeck – design
Charts
References
External links
2015 albums
The Go! Team albums
Memphis Industries albums |
Kyst og Fjord (Coast and Fjord) is a Norwegian fishermen's newspaper based in Kjøllefjord.
The newspaper is published weekly and was launched in fall 2011. After its first full year of operation, Kyst og Fjord attained a circulation of 1,312. Kyst og Fjord also issues an online newspaper that is updated daily with news from the seafood industry. The newspaper has local offices in Tromsø and Sortland. The newspaper is a member of the National Association of Local Newspapers. The paper's editor and general manager is Øystein Ingilæ.
Circulation
According to the Norwegian Media Businesses' Association, Kyst og Fjord has had the following annual circulation:
2012: 1,312
2013: 1,536
2014: 1,824
2015: 1,765
2016: 1,702
References
External links
Kyst og Fjord homepage
Weekly newspapers published in Norway
Norwegian-language newspapers
Mass media in Finnmark
Newspapers established in 2011
2011 establishments in Norway |
is an English land law case, confirming an easement commonly exists for the right to have a fence or wall kept in repair expressed in earlier deeds, which is a right which is capable of being "granted" by law and secondly, as a separate but on the facts, related issue, of the right of common land pasture (common pasture) asserted by continued use (an easement by prescription).
Facts
Mrs Edna Crow of Stone House Farm sued Mr Robin Wood of Wether Cote Farm (both in Hawnby) for his sheep straying into her land, alleging cattle/chattel trespass. She lived on a Yorkshire moor, once long in common ownership where sheep had the right to stray, but then parcels were sold off, several maintaining their straying animals such as Wood. From 1966 Crow ceased to keep up a fence. Wood claimed that under an implied grant at common law and Law of Property Act 1925, section 62, she was under a duty to keep up her fences separating her private element of her land from the commons element (for the benefit of those with grazing rights on it).
Judge awarded £205 damages and an injunction, and Mr Wood appealed.
Judgment
Lord Denning MR held that the right to have a fence repaired "lay in grant", and so could pass under Law of Property Act 1925, section 62. Further, the right to have a fence or wall kept in repair is considered by the law "in the nature of an easement". Since the plaintiff was in breach of her duty to fence she could not complain of cattle trespass.
Edmund Davies LJ stated that the duty to fence arises from proof that the land is accustomed to be fenced. This was strongly disapproved in the same court, five years later.
Followed by
Haddock v Churston Golf Club [2018] EWHC 347 (Ch)
Obiter dictum of Edmund-Davies
This was disapproved in:
Egerton v Harding [1975] QB 62, CA (England and Wales)
See also
English land law
English trusts law
English property law
Notes
References
English land case law
1970 in United Kingdom case law
Lord Denning cases
Court of Appeal (England and Wales) cases |
Haibao (), meaning "jewel of the sea", is the mascot of Expo 2010, which was held in the city of Shanghai, China from May 1 to October 31, 2010.
Meaning
"Hai (海)" means the sea in Chinese inscribed from the name of the host city, and "Bao (宝,寶)" means the treasure. Its figure is in the shape of the Chinese character "Ren (人)" (meaning human). Haibao was produced by Taiwanese designer Wu Yong-jian and adopted as the official mascot of the World Expo on December 18, 2007. He was selected out of 26,655 entries as part of an international competition.
Similarities to Gumby
It is sometimes pointed out that Haibao resembles Gumby, the green clay humanoid figure shown on American television from the 1950s–'60s. The expo's secretariat said that it is an original design and they had never heard of Gumby.
See also
Seymore D. Fair, mascot for the New Orleans 1984 expo
Twipsy, mascot for the 2000 Hannover expo
Notes
External links
上海万博の公式マスコットキャラクター「海宝(ハイバオ)」にも盗作疑惑が浮上 FNN NEWS(Tokyo),22 April 2010
Expo 2010
Mascots introduced in 2010
Male characters in advertising
World's Fair mascots
Chinese mascots |
Steven Thomas (born Harry Steven Thomas, 30 October 1944) is an English designer and visual artist best known for his interiors and graphic design work for the Biba fashion brand.
With design partner Tim Whitmore, Thomas led the small team which generated numerous designs and branding for the company's ambitious seven-storey department store known as "Big Biba" in London's Kensington High Street in the early to mid-1970s.
In the 1960s, Thomas represented groups including Peter Frampton's group The Herd and went on to create designs for such music business clients as the Rolling Stones and Paul McCartney as well as brands such as Levi's, Lucky Strike, Subaru and British American Racing.
With Alwyn W. Turner, Thomas is the author of Welcome To Big Biba.
In 2008, Thomas was the subject of the exhibition Big Biba And Other Stories at London gallery Chelsea Space.
Early life and education
Thomas was born in Chipping Norton. He attended Latymer Upper School in Hammersmith, west London, and studied painting at Chelsea School of Art, supplementing his grant with work as a male model and waiter at restaurants on the adjacent King's Road. He also helped realise the psychedelic design by art collective Binder Edwards & Vaughn for the façade of Chelsea boutique Dandie Fashions.
Among Thomas's art school teachers were the prominent British artists Patrick Caulfield, Allen Jones, and John Hoyland, from whom he developed a "love of Pop Art and my obsession with the complexities of colour".
Design work for music
On graduation, Thomas formed a design practice with fellow student Whitmore. Among Whitmore-Thomas Design's early commissions was the back cover of the Rolling Stones' 1970 live album Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out!, which was completed within 48 hours to meet the record company Decca's deadline for the record release. Thomas later related that this was given Mick Jagger's seal of approval with the utterance "I dig your work, man." Thomas also created a record sleeve for Three Week Hero, an LP by PJ Proby and a rare cartoon cover for the obscure progressive rock outfit Rumpelstiltskin scripted by journalist/columnist Angus McGill.
Biba Cosmetics poster and Big Biba
In the late 60s, Thomas designed a poster to promote a new range of cosmetics from Biba, the boutique operated by Barbara Hulanicki and her husband Stephen "Fitz" Fitz-Simon, at that stage situated at 124-126 Kensington Church Street. The poster, featuring a wistful portrait of the veiled actress Ingrid Boulting taken by Sarah Moon won a 1970 British Design Council award.
Whitmore-Thomas restyled the children’s department within the Biba store and, with the launch of Biba Cosmetics, designed display units installed in concessions around the country.
In 1971, as Hulanicki and Fitz-Simon set about planning the expansion of their business into the large block previously operated as Derry & Tom's at 107-111 Kensington High Street, Whitmore-Thomas was commissioned to handle the designs for the entire store, including interiors, signage, giant display items and graphic designs for the hundreds of own-brand product lines. The distinctive department logos were designed by illustrator Kasia Charko. On opening in September 1973, Big Biba was described by The Sunday Times as "the most beautiful store in the world".
Big Biba closed in August 1975 after falling victim to a combination of over-ambition, in-fighting between the company's executives and the backers, property developer British Land and the UK's mid-70s economic recession.
Paul McCartney
The work for Big Biba drew a fresh set of commissions for Whitmore-Thomas, including Paul McCartney, who appointed the practice as in-house designers for his domestic and business interests, including the headquarters of McCartney's company PML in central London's Soho Square (complete with a recreation of his favourite Abbey Road studio in the basement), as well as recording studios in Sussex and on the Mull of Kintyre and private residences in London, Liverpool, Sussex and Scotland.
Whitmore-Thomas
As well as creating the livery for 25 buses on the Number 77 route, which passed Buckingham Palace in the Silver Jubilee year of 1977, the design practice serviced such clients as Danone, Guinness, Harrods, Lucky Strike, Pepsi Cola, Virgin, and Wrangler. The company became WTA when designer Chris Angell, who had worked with Thomas and Whitmore on Big Biba, became a director in 1993.
V&A acquires Whitmore-Thomas archive
In June 2020, London's Victoria & Albert Museum acquired the entirety of the Whitmore-Thomas archive, with materials relating to 35 years of commissions.
This follows the V&A's 1995 acquisition of material relating to Whitmore-Thomas's design work for Biba, including interiors, graphics and packaging. Subsequently, the V&A took possession of WT's Biba photographic archive, which contains work-in-progress & record shots of the completed project taken by Tim White and Tim Street-Porter. The 2020 acquisition includes designs for Paul McCartney’s central London offices as well farms and recording studios, liveries for Formula One racing teams, the London Transport Silver Jubilee Buses, a model village for restaurateurs the Roux Brothers, projects for Levi-Strauss, Pepsi-Cola, the BBC, Lloyds Bank and restaurants such as the revolving CN Tower in Toronto and Mon Plaisir in central London.
Later life
Following the dissolution of WTA, Thomas focused on painting as well as producing the book Welcome To Big Biba, which was published in 2006 and remains in print. Thomas's exhibition at Chelsea Space was held in 2008. Thomas, who has also staged one-man shows at the Chelsea Arts Club and Dorchester Collections, is based in Deal, Kent, where he continues to produce artworks and make prints.
On July 12, 2017, Thomas appeared in the BBC Radio 4 series Only Artists in conversation with fellow artist Jim Moir (better known as comedian Vic Reeves).
References
A Man For All Scenes
Only Artists
External links
Record sleeve designs
http://steventhomasartworks.com
http://steventhomasdesign.com
Alumni of Chelsea College of Arts
British designers
1944 births
Living people |
Leo J. Enright (born 18 March 1955) is an Irish radio broadcaster and news reporter. He is a member of the Board of Governors of the School of Cosmic Physics at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
Early life and career
Leo Enright was born in London, but considers Dublin his home town. He was educated at St. Fintan's High School, Sutton and University College Dublin. As a Fellow of the World Press Institute, he studied American history, economics and culture at Macalester College, in St. Paul, Minnesota.
Major achievements
In 1978, Enright won a Jacob's Award for his report on Dublin delinquents, broadcast on RTÉ Radio's This Week programme.
In 2000, with support from NASA's Astrobiology Institute, he completed the Workshop on Molecular Evolution at the Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution.
In 2008 he shared in a Thea Award for his work as science advisor on "Cosmos at the Castle", an interactive exhibition at Blackrock Castle Observatory exploring extreme life on earth and in space. The award was presented by the Themed Entertainment Association, a worldwide association of designers and producers of themed experiences such as museums, zoos and theme parks.
References
1955 births
Jacob's Award winners
RTÉ 2fm presenters
Living people
People educated at St. Fintan's High School
Academics of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
Broadcasters from County Dublin
Alumni of University College Dublin
Macalester College alumni |
```scala
/*
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package streaming.core.shared.pool
/**
* Created by allwefantasy on 21/5/2018.
*/
trait BigObjPool[T] {
def size(): Int
def get(name: String): T
def put(name: String, value: T): BigObjPool[T]
def remove(name: String): BigObjPool[T]
}
``` |
is a Japanese professional wrestler and actress known by her ring name .
From 2012 to 2017, she wrestled for the Japanese promotion World Wonder Ring Stardom under the ring name . Embodying a "Pirate Princess" persona, she became a one-time World of Stardom Champion, a one-time Wonder of Stardom Champion, a three-time Goddess of Stardom Champion and a five-time Artist of Stardom Champion. She also won the 2015 5★Star GP and the 2016 Goddesses of Stardom Tag League.
In 2017, she signed with WWE, where she adopted the ring name Kairi Sane. She won the inaugural Mae Young Classic tournament the same year, and was then assigned to the NXT brand. She captured the NXT Women's Championship in 2018 and subsequently won the 2018 NXT Year-End Awards for Female Competitor of the Year and for Overall Competitor of the Year. In 2019, she debuted on WWE's main roster, where she became a one-time and the longest reigning WWE Women's Tag Team Champion, along with Asuka as part of The Kabuki Warriors. The team also received 2019 WWE Year-End Award for Women's Tag Team of the Year. In 2020, she returned to Japan to join her husband, and worked as a WWE ambassador and trainer in her native country until December 2021 when her contract expired.
After her stint with WWE, she returned to World Wonder Ring Stardom in February 2022 and performed under ring name Kairi (stylized in all caps)., where she is a former IWGP Women's Champion. She became a free agent in March 2023.
Early life
Kaori Housako was born on September 23, 1988, in Hikari, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. She has a sister, who is three years older than her. She has an extensive sports background in yachting, competing in intercollegiate and national competitions, while also taking part in world championships with dreams of making it to the Olympics. After graduating from Hosei University with a bachelor's degree in Japanese literature, Housako began pursuing a career in acting. She also did some theater work and one of her performances, where she performed as a professional wrestling villain, was seen by Fuka, the general manager of the World Wonder Ring Stardom promotion, who invited Housako to one of their events. She quickly fell in love with professional wrestling's aspect of combining acting with sports and decided to become a wrestler herself.
Professional wrestling career
World Wonder Ring Stardom (2011–2017)
Housako started training with Stardom in 2011. On November 14, 2011, she passed her "pro test" and graduated as part of Stardom's third class of trainees, alongside Act Yasukawa, Natsumi Showzuki and Yuuri Haruka. Housako, now working under the ring name "Kairi Hojo", made her debut for Stardom on January 7, 2012, losing to Yuzuki Aikawa. Playing off her yachting background, Hojo was dubbed "Pirate Princess". She quickly became a founding member of the Zenryoku Joshi stable, led by Aikawa. In November 2012, Hojo formed a new tag team with Natsumi Showzuki, with the two finishing second in the 2012 Goddesses of Stardom Tag League. Zenryoku Joshi disbanded in January 2013, when Hojo unsuccessfully challenged her stablemate Yuzuki Aikawa for the Wonder of Stardom Championship. Hojo won her first title on April 29, 2013, at Ryōgoku Cinderella, where she and Showzuki, billed collectively as "Ho-Show Tennyo", defeated Hailey Hatred and Kyoko Kimura for the Goddess of Stardom Championship. Their reign, however, lasted only a month, as they were stripped of the title when Showzuki was sidelined with a cervical spine injury. Showzuki never returned from her injury, instead resigning from Stardom.
On June 23, 2013, Hojo teamed with Kaori Yoneyama and Yuhi to defeat Christina Von Eerie, Hailey Hatred and Kyoko Kimura for the vacant Artist of Stardom Championship. They lost the title to Kimura, Alpha Female and The Female Predator "Amazon" on November 4. In May 2014, Hojo made her Mexican debut by representing Stardom in the DragonMania 9 and Lucha Fan Fest 8 events. In August, Stardom's roster was split in half as part of a storyline rivalry between older wrestlers born in the Shōwa period and younger wrestlers born in the Heisei period. Hojo, having been born in the Shōwa period, aligned herself with the likes of Nanae Takahashi and Miho Wakizawa. On August 10, Hojo regained the Goddess of Stardom Championship, when she and Takahashi defeated Alpha Female and Kyoko Kimura. After an eight-month reign, she was again stripped of the title, when Takahashi was sidelined with an ankle injury.
In February 2015, following an incident between Act Yasukawa and Yoshiko, Hojo was named an intermediary between the wrestlers and management in order to bring the two sides closer. Following the incident, Stardom's top title, the World of Stardom Championship, was declared vacant with a tournament scheduled to determine the new champion. On March 29, Hojo defeated first Kyoko Kimura and then Io Shirai to win the World of Stardom Championship for the first time. After a four-month reign, she lost the title to Meiko Satomura on July 26. Hojo bounced back by winning Stardom's top singles tournament, the 5★Star GP, by defeating Hudson Envy in the finals on September 23. At the end of the year, Hojo was named Stardom's MVP of 2015. In January 2016, Hojo came together with former rivals Io Shirai and Mayu Iwatani to form a new stable. On February 28, 2016, the three, now billed collectively as "Threedom" (a combination of the words "Three" and "Stardom"), defeated Evie, Hiroyo Matsumoto and Kellie Skater to win the Artist of Stardom Championship. In April, Hojo, along with Iwatani and Shirai, traveled to the United States to take part in events held by Lucha Underground and Vendetta Pro Wrestling. On May 15, Hojo won another title, when she defeated Santana Garrett for the Wonder of Stardom Championship, winning the title in her fourth attempt. On August 8, Hojo debuted for the Inoki Genome Federation (IGF), defeating Jungle Kyona at an event in Shanghai. On September 3, Hojo defeated Io Shirai to take over the leadership of the Red Stars block in the 2016 5★Star GP. However, during the match, she suffered a concussion, which forced her to pull out of her remaining tournament. On October 2, Threedom lost the Artist of Stardom Championship to Hana Kimura, Kagetsu and Kyoko Kimura in their third defense.
On November 11, Hojo and Yoko Bito defeated Io Shirai and Mayu Iwatani in the finals to win the 2016 Goddesses of Stardom Tag League. Following the match, Shirai turned on Iwatani and disbanded Threedom. On December 22, Hojo and Bito defeated Kagetsu and Kyoko Kimura to become the new Goddess of Stardom Champions. They lost the title to Hiroyo Matsumoto and Jungle Kyona in their second defense on March 5, 2017. Also in March, it was reported that Hojo had told Stardom's office that she was leaving the promotion for WWE the following month. On March 20, Hojo unsuccessfully challenged Io Shirai for the World of Stardom Championship. On May 6, Hojo, Hiromi Mimura and Konami defeated AZM, HZK and Io Shirai to win the Artist of Stardom Championship. Following the match, Hojo confirmed her impending departure from Stardom, without specifically mentioning WWE. Sane had contemplated retirement due to her age and injuries, but decided to go wrestle overseas after consulting Bull Nakano. The following day, Threedom reunited for one final match together, defeating Hiromi Mimura, HZK and Jungle Kyona in a six-woman tag team match. Hojo's one-year reign as the Wonder of Stardom Champion ended on May 14, when she lost the title to Mayu Iwatani in her ninth title defense, falling one defense short of tying Santana Garrett's record for most defenses. Hojo wrestled her final matches for Stardom on June 4. After Hojo, Mimura and Konami lost the Artist of Stardom Championship back to AZM, HZK and Shirai in their second defense, Hojo wrestled an unadvertised ten-match one-minute time limit series against members of the Stardom roster that ended in three wins, six draws and one loss.
WWE
Signing and Mae Young Classic (2016–2017)
In October 2016, Housako was contacted and offered a WWE contract, starting the following year. Reportedly, Housako had stated that she was interested in going to WWE, but had not made a final decision yet. There were also questions over whether she could pass the company's physical examination due to her two concussions during the past two years. In March 2017, Housako signed a three-year contract with WWE, reportedly for $60,000 per year, which was less than she was making in Japan.
On June 30, a video at a WWE house show in Tokyo, introduced Housako as "Kairi Sane" to WWE's developmental brand, NXT, as well as the upcoming Mae Young Classic tournament. On July 13, she defeated Tessa Blanchard in the tournament's first round in her WWE debut match. The following day, Sane first defeated Bianca Belair in the second round, then Dakota Kai in quarterfinals and finally Toni Storm in the semifinals to advance to the finals of the tournament. Reportedly, Sane suffered both a concussion and a neck injury during the tapings. On September 12, Sane defeated Shayna Baszler in the tournament finals and thereby earned a shot at the vacant NXT Women's Championship at the next NXT TakeOver show.
NXT (2017–2019)
In October 2017, Sane made her television debut on NXT, defeating Aliyah. In November, at NXT TakeOver: WarGames, Sane competed in a fatal four–way match for the vacant NXT Women's Championship. but was unsuccessful as Ember Moon won the match.
On January 28, 2018, at the Royal Rumble, Sane participated in the first women's Royal Rumble match, entering at number 6 and lasting around 5 minutes before being eliminated by Dana Brooke. A few months later, she also participated in the WrestleMania Women's Battle Royal at WrestleMania 34, alongside other NXT superstars, but was eliminated from the match by Sasha Banks. Shortly after, Sane started a feud with Lacey Evans as the two exchanged victories and attacked each other throughout the next few weeks. Eventually, Sane was able to defeat Evans on the June 6 episode of NXT, in a final match between the two, to end their feud.
In July, after she defeated Candice LeRae and Nikki Cross in a triple–threat match to become the number one contender, Sane reignited her rivalry with Shayna Baszler, as the two exchanged victories in the Mae Young Classic Finals and at NXT and faced off in a match at NXT TakeOver: Brooklyn IV on August 18 where Sane was able to defeat Bazsler to win the NXT Women's Championship for the first time in her career. On October 28, at the WWE Evolution pay–per–view, Sane lost the championship back to Baszler (after interference from her allies Jessamyn Duke and Marina Shafir) ending her reign at 71 days. Three weeks later, at NXT TakeOver: WarGames, Sane received her rematch against Baszler in a two out of three falls match, but she failed to regain the title after interference from Duke and Shafir again. Because of the interferences, Sane eventually aligned with her best friend Io Shirai and Dakota Kai against Baszler, Duke and Shafir. Shortly after, Kai was sidelined with an injury and Sane continued to team with Shirai, forming a tag team known as "The Sky Pirates" while continuing to defeat various teams.
On April 5, 2019, at NXT TakeOver: New York, Sane competed in a fatal–four-way match for the NXT Women's Championship, however, she was unsuccessful in capturing the title as Baszler submitted Bianca Belair to retain. Just six days later, on April 11 (episode aired on tape delay on April 17), Sane lost a rematch to Baszler after Io Shirai attacked Baszler who was looking to injure Sane. Because of her loss, Sane is not allowed to challenge for the NXT Women's Championship anymore, which was a way to write her off the brand.
The Kabuki Warriors and WWE Ambassador (2019–2021)
On the April 16, 2019, episode of SmackDown Live, Paige announced that she would be managing a newly formed women's tag team, consisting of Sane, who as a result was drafted to the main roster, and Asuka. The team of Sane and Asuka, later dubbed "The Kabuki Warriors", was immediately put in a feud with The IIconics (Billie Kay and Peyton Royce) over the WWE Women's Tag Team Championship. After weeks of avoiding them, The IIconics lost to The Kabuki Warriors during WWE's tour in Tokyo, which earned The Kabuki Warriors a title match. The title match took place on the July 16 episode of SmackDown, where The IIconics retained after they got themselves counted-out. In August, The Kabuki Warriors failed to capture the titles from then-champions Alexa Bliss and Nikki Cross.
After a short hiatus, The Kabuki Warriors returned in September and defeated Mandy Rose and Sonya Deville. On October 6 at the Hell in a Cell pay-per-view, The Kabuki Warriors finally won the Women's Tag Team Championship from Bliss and Cross, after Asuka used the green mist on Cross. The next night on Raw, The Kabuki Warriors completed their transition into heels, as they cut a promo on both Becky Lynch and Charlotte Flair and went onto defeat them in a non-title match after once again using green mist. As part of the 2019 Draft in mid-October, Asuka and Sane were both drafted to the Raw brand. On the October 28, 2019, episode of Raw, The Kabuki Warriors turned on Paige and used the green mist on her. That same night, Sane went one-on-one with Lynch, where she lost by submission. Asuka and Sane made their returns to NXT on the October 30 episode to defend the WWE Women's Tag Team Championship against Team Kick (Dakota Kai and Tegan Nox); marking the first time the titles were defended on NXT where they retained. On the November 4 episode of Raw, The Kabuki Warriors lost to Flair and Natalya when Asuka submitted to Natalya. The following week, Sane and Asuka retained their titles against Lynch and Flair following interference from Shayna Baszler and Bayley.
Sane represented Team Raw at Survivor Series in a 5-on-5-on-5 elimination tag team match, being eliminated by Sasha Banks. On December 1 at Starrcade, The Kabuki Warriors successfully retained the tag team titles against Becky Lynch and Charlotte Flair, Alexa Bliss and Nikki Cross and Bayley and Sasha Banks when Asuka submitted Cross. On the December 2 episode of Raw, Sane and Asuka defeated Flair in a handicap match. The following week on Raw, Sane and Asuka lost to Lynch by disqualification when Asuka attacked Becky with a chair, and Sane performed an Insane Elbow on Lynch through a table. Sane and Asuka subsequently challenged Lynch and Flair to a WWE Women's Tag Team title match at TLC: Tables, Ladders & Chairs, which they accepted. At the event, The Kabuki Warriors retained their titles against Lynch and Flair in a Tables, Ladders and Chairs match; during the match, Sane suffered a legitmate concussion, which caused the remainder of the match to be changed on the fly. Following TLC, Sane would accompany Asuka on the entrance stage during a segment between Asuka and Lynch but didn't go to ringside with Asuka during her matches. Sane made her TV return on the January 20 episode of Raw, losing to Lynch by submission. On the March 2 episode of Raw, she returned to the ring in a losing effort against Shayna Baszler. On the first night of WrestleMania 36, The Kabuki Warriors lost their Women's Tag Team Championships to the team of Alexa Bliss and Nikki Cross, ending their reign at 181 days, the longest reign for the titles so far.
On the May 11, 2020, episode of Raw, then-Raw Women's Champion Becky Lynch vacated her title in order to take maternity leave, revealing that Asuka won the championship the night before by winning the Money in the Bank ladder match at the eponymous event. On the next episode of Raw, after Lynch's announcement, Sane was seen backstage with some of the other wrestlers congratulating Lynch, thus turning The Kabuki Warriors face as Sane celebrated Asuka's championship victory before being interrupted by Nia Jax, thus beginning a feud. On the June 6 episode of Raw, which was taped on May and aired on tape delay, Sane suffered a significant head cut. Sane made her televised return since her injury on the July 6 episode of Raw, as she challenged Sasha Banks in a match that ended in a disqualification due to Bayley's interference. Weeks after, The Kabuki Warriors unsuccessfully challenged Banks and Bayley for the WWE Women's Tag Team Championship. On the July 20 episode of Raw, she defeated SmackDown Women's Champion Bayley in a non-title match. The following week on Raw, Sane was viciously assaulted by Bayley backstage during the Raw Women's Championship match between Asuka and Banks. This was done to write her out of the storylines as Sane announced her departure from WWE on Twitter as she was heading back to Japan to be with her husband. WWE later confirmed Sane's departure on their website. On July 29, 2020, WWE's YouTube channel released a video chronicling Sane's last week in WWE. The video features Sane saying her goodbyes to everyone in WWE as she prepares to go back to Japan with superstars such as Asuka, Shinsuke Nakamura and Akira Tozawa all wishing her well.
On October 2, 2020, Sane announced that she had started working as an ambassador and trainer for WWE's branch in her native Japan. On October 25, she was part of the Japanese-language commentary team for the Hell in a Cell pay-per-view. In December 2021, she left WWE after her contract expired.
Return to World Wonder Ring Stardom (2022–present)
On February 18, 2022, Housako made her return to Stardom; going by the ring name Kairi. Her in-ring return was at World Climax event in March. At World Climax: The Best, she teamed with Mayu Iwatani and defeated Cosmic Angels (Tam Nakano and Unagi Sayaka) in a tag team match. At World Climax: The Top, she defeated Starlight Kid. She ruptured her eardrum during the match and revealed the injury in a post-match interview. She made her return on May 28 at Stardom Flashing Champions, where she teamed with Tam Nakano as "White Knights" to defeat Queen's Quest (Utami Hayashishita and Miyu Amasaki) in a tag team match.
In April 2023, the team of Kairi, Natsupoi and Saori Anou of REStart defeated Hiragi Kurumi, Risa Sera and Suzu Suzuki of Prominence for the Artist of Stardom Championship at Stardom All Star Grand Queendom. On May 27, at Flashing Champions, REStart lost their title to the Baribari Bombers (Giulia, Mai Sakurai and Thekla), ending their reign at 34 days.
New Japan Pro-Wrestling (2022–2023)
In November 2022, Kairi defeated Mayu Iwatani in the main event of Historic X-Over, a professional wrestling event co-promoted by Stardom and its sister promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), to become the inaugural IWGP Women's Champion. In 2023, Kairi defended her title against Tam Nakano at Wrestle Kingdom 17. After the match, she was confronted and attacked by Mercedes Moné (formerly known as Sasha Banks). Moné then challenged Kairi to a title match at Battle in the Valley. At the event, Kairi was defeated by Moné; ending her reign at 90 days.
Freelancing (2023–present)
On March 24, 2023, Housako confirmed she became a free agent. On August 5, 2023, it was reported she has come to terms with WWE and would return to the company.
Legacy
In 2016, Dave Meltzer of the Wrestling Observer Newsletter referred to Housako and her fellow Japanese wrestlers Io Shirai and Mayu Iwatani as "three of the best wrestlers in the world".
Other media
Housako as Kairi Sane made her video game debut as a playable character in WWE 2K19. She is also a playable character in WWE 2K20.
Personal life
Housako married on February 22, 2020.
Filmography
Film
2012:
Television
2011:
2012:
2012:
2013:
2014:
2015:
Championships and accomplishments
New Japan Pro-Wrestling
IWGP Women's Championship (1 time, inaugural)
IWGP Women's Championship Tournament (2022)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 10 of the top 100 female wrestlers in the PWI Women's 100 in 2017 and 2018
Ranked No. 9 of the top 50 tag teams in the PWI Tag Team 50 in 2020
Sports Illustrated
Ranked No. 8 in the top 10 women's wrestlers in 2018 –
World Wonder Ring Stardom
Artist of Stardom Championship (5 times) – with Kaori Yoneyama and Yuhi (1), Chelsea and Koguma (1), Io Shirai and Mayu Iwatani (1), Hiromi Mimura and Konami (1), and Natsupoi and Saori Anou (1)
Goddess of Stardom Championship (3 times) – with Natsumi Showzuki (1), Nanae Takahashi (1), and Yoko Bito (1)
Wonder of Stardom Championship (1 time)
World of Stardom Championship (1 time)
Goddesses of Stardom Tag League (2016) – with Yoko Bito
World of Stardom Championship Tournament (2015)
5★Star GP (2015)
5★Star GP Award (2 times)
5★Star GP Best Match Award (2014) vs. Nanae Takahashi on August 24
5★Star GP Best Match Award (2016)
Stardom Year-End Awards (7 times)
Best Match Award (2014) with Nanae Takahashi vs. Risa Sera and Takumi Iroha on December 23
Best Tag Team Award (2014) with Nanae Takahashi
Best Tag Team Award (2016) with Yoko Bito
Best Technique Award (2016)
MVP Award (2015)
Outstanding Performance Award (2013, 2015)
WWE
NXT Women's Championship (1 time)
WWE Women's Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Asuka
Mae Young Classic (2017)
NXT Year-End Award (2 times)
Female Competitor of the Year (2018)
Overall Competitor of the Year (2018)
WWE Year-End Award (1 time)
Women's Tag Team of the Year (2019) – with Asuka
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
Japanese female professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Yamaguchi Prefecture
Masked wrestlers
Japanese actresses
Japanese female sailors (sport)
NXT Women's Champions
21st-century female professional wrestlers
WWE Women's Tag Team Champions
World of Stardom Champions
Wonder of Stardom Champions
Goddess of Stardom Champions
Artist of Stardom Champions
IWGP Women's Champions |
Oscar Jenckes Rathbun (March 12, 1832 – February 1, 1892) was an American businessman and politician, serving as the Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island from 1883 to 1885.
Early life
Rathbun was born on March 12, 1832, a son of Aaron and Julia (Jenckes) Rathbun. He attended Worcester High School in Massachusetts and the Clinton Liberal Institute in New York. He then worked in his father's goods store. After his father's death, he left to work in the banking industry. He was a teller at Woonsocket Falls National Bank and then at Citizens' National Bank. By 1860, he was also Treasurer at the Citizens' Savings Bank . However, he only saw the banking industry as a stepping stone to making a career as an entrepreneur. From 1860, he worked in the clothing industry. He became president of Harris Woolen Company and the Household Sewing Machine Company and the Woonsocket Streetcar Company. He also became head of the Citizens' National Bank and thus remained partly in the banking business. By the early 1870s, Rathbun was one of the leading industrialists in Woonsocket. In addition to the activities already mentioned, he sat on the board of directors or was a director of various other companies. These included insurance companies, railroads, the Woonsocket Gas Company, and many others.
Politics
Rathbun was a member of the Republican Party. He served in the Rhode Island Senate from 1880 to 1882. In 1882, he was elected lieutenant governor of Rhode Island alongside Augustus O. Bourn. He held this office between 1883 and 1885. He was Deputy Governor and Chairman of the State Senate. After his time as lieutenant governor, he retired from politics in order to devote himself more to his business. However, he began to suffer from heart problems. In 1891 he gave up management of the Harris Woolen Company. He continued to hold other positions. On February 1, 1892, he was in Providence to attend the annual meeting of the Providence and Worcester Railroad Company to attend. On this occasion, he was re-elected to the board of directors. In the afternoon of the same day he felt unwell and wanted to return to Woonsocket. But he only made it to the train station, where he suddenly died.
Personal life
Rathbun was married to Rachel Farnum Harris, the daughter of industrialist Edward Harris.
External links
The Political Graveyard
Biographie
Oscar Rathbun im Rootsweb
References
1832 births
1892 deaths
Lieutenant Governors of Rhode Island |
Ismet Jashari (16 April 1967 – 25 August 1998) also known as Commander Kumanova (), was an Albanian commander of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) who was killed on 25 August 1998 during the fighting with Serbian forces in Klečke, Kosovo. The Ismet Jashari-Kumanova Brigade of the KLA was named in his memory. After the Kosovo War, he was declared Hero of Kosovo.
Jashari had left Switzerland where he lived to join the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) to fight against Serbian military and police forces under the command of former Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic.
Early life
Ismet was born on April 16, 1967, in the village of Orizari in the Karadak Highlands of the Municipality of Lipkovo.
From his father's side, the Jashari family migrated to Macedonia in the early 1910s from Vranje in south-Serbia when there were a significant minority of ethnic Albanians living there. His mother came from the Emini family of Lipkovo near Kumanovo in Macedonia.
He completed primary school in his hometown to continue his secondary education in Kumanovo, Macedonia.
During the 80s and 90s Ismet Jashari was active on promoting democracy and freedom in the Communist Federation of Yugoslavia, these actions had him arrested several times and also the main factor which made him flee to Switzerland where he worked with construction.
He completed primary school in his hometown to continue his secondary education in Kumanovo.
Ismet Jashari has two brothers and five sisters. One of the brothers is Jemail Jashari who is an MP in the Macedonian Parliament today, representing the Albanian political party BDI (Bashkimi Demokratik për Integrim). The second brother is Murat Jashari who was arrested for illegal weapon trade during the Kosovo Wars by Swiss authorities.
Kosovo War
Ismet Jashari joined the KLA after the Prekaz massacre on 7 March 1998. On March 11, he, together with other KLA leaders such as Fehmi Lladrovci, Bekim Berisha and Fatmir Limaj entered the Drenica valley, where the KLA was operating against the VJ. Later that month, the General Staff of the KLA, assigned Ismet Jashari as commander in the Llapusha region.
In Late March 1998, Ismet Jashari, together with Fatmir Limaj, formed the "Celiku" unit, which was based in Kleçka.
In April 1998, Ismet Jashari was ambushed by Yugoslav forces between the villages of Volljakë and Çupevë, while he was returning to Kleçka from leading military operations in Klina and Dukagjin. Ismet Jashari survived the ambush, but was wounded in both legs.
On May 9, 1998, Ismet Jashari, who still had not fully recovered from the injuries he suffered during the ambush, led his forces into Llapushnik, where he defeated the Yugoslav Army and police and captured the town.
After occupying Llapushnik, Ismet Jashari led further operations against Yugoslav forces, defeating them in multible battles and capturing the strategically important sites of Duhla Pass and Carraleva Gorge.
From beginning of May to August 1998, Ismet Jashari reinforced strategic sites in southern Drenica, Llapushnik and the Duhla Pass for an upcoming Yugoslav Offensive.
On 14 June 1998, Yugoslav forces attacked and captured the Carraleva Gorge and the Duhla Pass, held by Ismet Jashari's forces, three days later Ismet Jashari counterattacked the VJ, who were preparing to penetrate towards Luzhnica. Ismet Jashari managed to recapture the Carraleva Gorge, forcing the VJ to withdraw back to their positions in the Duhla Pass. At the end of June 1998, Ismet Jashari fortied his positions in Carraleva, Zborca, Blinaja, Fushtica, Terpeza, Bllaca and everywhere in the territories, that were under the control of the KLA in south Drenica and Llapusha.
In August 1998, Ismet Jashari attacked and defeated VJ units at several occasions, such as in Shtëpia e Pylltarit, Ura e Sahitit and in the village of Belinc. During a major Yugoslav offensive on 25 and 26 July 1998, Ismet Jashari's forces fought battles with the VJ in Llapushnik, Zborc and the Carraleva Gorge, but were not able to hold these strategic sites.
On 23 August 1998, Yugoslav forces marched towards Kleçka, where the General Staff of the KLA was also located, but were met by Ismet Jashari's forces in Luzhnica, who held off the VJ from penetrating towards Kleçka for an entire day, while being heavily outnumbered. On 24 August 1998, the VJ had increased their offensive by attacking Ismet Jashari's forces with large-caliber cannons and surface-to-surface missiles, ultimately succeeding in driving the KLA out of Luzhnica and capturing Kleçka. One day later on 25 August, Ismet Jashari had launched a surprise counterattack in an attempt to retrieve the bodies of the fallen soldiers. After several hours of close combat in Luzhnica, Ismet Jashari fell in Battle.
Death
On August 25, 1998, while fighting with Serbian Forces, Ismet Jashari was killed. On August 25, 2009, Jashari was posthumously awarded the Hero of Kosovo award.
Legacy
In 2001, the 113th NLA Brigade was established under his name during the 2001 Insurgency in Macedonia. In 2011 a monument dedicated to him was inaugurated in Lipkovo Municipality, Republic of Macedonia.
References
20th-century Albanian military personnel
1998 deaths
Albanians in North Macedonia
Albanian nationalists
People from Lipkovo Municipality
Kosovo Liberation Army soldiers
1967 births |
"Underneath" is the fourth single by Finnish singer Tarja Turunen from her third album What Lies Beneath. It was released on 22 April 2011 only as a digital version. The release has been confirmed for Austria, Switzerland, Russia, Poland, Finland, Sweden, Ukraine, France and UK. It includes two unreleased versions of the song, plus a non-album track in Spanish. An exclusive limited edition 7 inches 2 track vinyl single was released in America on May 24, 2013.
Track listing
"Underneath" (Radio Mix) – 4:28
"Underneath" (Orchestral Mix) – 5:01
"Montañas De Silencio" – 4:26
References
External links
2011 singles
Songs written by Johnny Andrews
Tarja Turunen songs
Songs written by Tarja Turunen |
```ocaml
(** dune rpc command group *)
val group : unit Cmdliner.Cmd.t
``` |
```go
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
// per-process data from /proc/[pid]/stat
package cpustat
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
"time"
)
type ProcSample struct {
Pid int
Proc ProcStats
Task TaskStats
}
type ProcSampleList struct {
Samples []ProcSample
Len uint32
}
func NewProcSampleList(size int) ProcSampleList {
return ProcSampleList{
make([]ProcSample, size),
0,
}
}
type ProcSampleMap map[int]*ProcSample
// ProcStats holds the fast changing data that comes back from /proc/[pid]/stat
// These fields are documented in the linux proc(5) man page
// There are many more of these fields that don't change very often. These are stored in the Cmdline struct.
type ProcStats struct {
CaptureTime time.Time
Utime uint64
Stime uint64
Cutime uint64
Cstime uint64
Numthreads uint64
Rss uint64
Guesttime uint64
Cguesttime uint64
}
type ProcStatsMap map[int]*ProcStats
// super not thread safe but GC friendly way to reuse this string slice
var splitParts []string
// you might think that we could split on space, but due to what can at best be called
// a shortcoming of the /proc/pid/stat format, the comm field can have unescaped spaces, parens, etc.
// This may be a bit paranoid, because even many common tools like htop do not handle this case well.
func procPidStatSplit(line string) []string {
line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
if splitParts == nil {
splitParts = make([]string, 52)
}
partnum := 0
strpos := 0
start := 0
inword := false
space := " "[0]
open := "("[0]
close := ")"[0]
groupchar := space
for ; strpos < len(line); strpos++ {
if inword {
if line[strpos] == space && (groupchar == space || line[strpos-1] == groupchar) {
splitParts[partnum] = line[start:strpos]
partnum++
start = strpos
inword = false
}
} else {
if line[strpos] == open {
groupchar = close
inword = true
start = strpos
strpos = strings.LastIndex(line, ")") - 1
if strpos <= start { // if we can't parse this insane field, skip to the end
strpos = len(line)
inword = false
}
} else if line[strpos] != space {
groupchar = space
inword = true
start = strpos
}
}
}
if inword {
splitParts[partnum] = line[start:strpos]
partnum++
}
for ; partnum < 52; partnum++ {
splitParts[partnum] = ""
}
return splitParts
}
// ProcStatsReader reads and parses /proc/[pid]/stat for all of pids
func ProcStatsReader(pids Pidlist, filter Filters, cur *ProcSampleList, infoMap ProcInfoMap) {
sampleNum := 0
pidNum := 0
for pidNum < len(pids) {
pid := pids[pidNum]
pidNum++
if filter.PidMatch(pid) == false {
continue
}
newPid := false
// we don't know the userid of this proc to filter until we read/stat /proc/pid/cmdline
// Do this only when we find a pid for the first time so we don't have to stat as much
var info *ProcInfo
var ok bool
if info, ok = infoMap[pid]; ok == true {
info.touch()
} else {
newPid = true
info = &ProcInfo{}
info.init()
}
lines, err := ReadFileLines(fmt.Sprintf("/proc/%d/stat", pid))
// pid could have exited between when we scanned the dir and now
if err != nil {
continue
}
// this format of this file is insane because comm can have split chars in it
parts := procPidStatSplit(lines[0])
if newPid {
info.Comm = strings.Map(StripSpecial, parts[1])
info.Pid = uint64(pid)
info.Ppid = ReadUInt(parts[3])
info.Pgrp = ReadInt(parts[4])
info.Session = ReadInt(parts[5])
info.Ttynr = ReadInt(parts[6])
info.Tpgid = ReadInt(parts[7])
info.Flags = ReadUInt(parts[8])
info.Starttime = ReadUInt(parts[21])
info.Nice = ReadInt(parts[18])
info.Rtpriority = ReadUInt(parts[39])
info.Policy = ReadUInt(parts[40])
info.updateCmdline() // note that this may leave UID at 0 if there's an error
infoMap[pid] = info
}
if filter.UserMatch(int(info.UID)) == false {
continue
}
sample := &cur.Samples[sampleNum]
sample.Pid = pid
procStatsReaderFromParts(&sample.Proc, parts)
sampleNum++
}
cur.Len = uint32(sampleNum)
}
func procStatsReaderFromParts(stats *ProcStats, parts []string) {
stats.CaptureTime = time.Now()
stats.Utime = ReadUInt(parts[13])
stats.Stime = ReadUInt(parts[14])
stats.Cutime = ReadUInt(parts[15])
stats.Cstime = ReadUInt(parts[16])
stats.Numthreads = ReadUInt(parts[19])
stats.Rss = ReadUInt(parts[23])
stats.Guesttime = ReadUInt(parts[42])
stats.Cguesttime = ReadUInt(parts[43])
}
// ProcStatsRecord computes the delta between the Proc elements of two ProcSampleLists
// These lists do not need to have exactly the same processes in it, but they must both be sorted by Pid.
// This generally works out because reading the pids from /proc puts them in a consistent order.
// If we ever get a new source of the pidlist, perf_events or whatever, make sure it sorts.
func ProcStatsRecord(interval uint32, curList, prevList ProcSampleList, sumMap, deltaMap ProcSampleMap) {
curPos := uint32(0)
prevPos := uint32(0)
for curPos < curList.Len && prevPos < prevList.Len {
if curList.Samples[curPos].Pid == prevList.Samples[prevPos].Pid {
cur := &(curList.Samples[curPos].Proc)
prev := &(prevList.Samples[prevPos].Proc)
pid := curList.Samples[curPos].Pid
if _, ok := sumMap[pid]; ok == false {
sumMap[pid] = &ProcSample{}
}
deltaMap[pid] = &ProcSample{}
delta := &(deltaMap[pid].Proc)
delta.CaptureTime = cur.CaptureTime
duration := float64(cur.CaptureTime.Sub(prev.CaptureTime) / time.Millisecond)
scale := float64(interval) / duration
sum := &(sumMap[pid].Proc)
sum.CaptureTime = cur.CaptureTime
delta.Utime = ScaledSub(cur.Utime, prev.Utime, scale)
sum.Utime += SafeSub(cur.Utime, prev.Utime)
delta.Stime = ScaledSub(cur.Stime, prev.Stime, scale)
sum.Stime += SafeSub(cur.Stime, prev.Stime)
delta.Cutime = ScaledSub(cur.Cutime, prev.Cutime, scale)
sum.Cutime += SafeSub(cur.Cutime, prev.Cutime)
delta.Cstime = ScaledSub(cur.Cstime, prev.Cstime, scale)
sum.Cstime += SafeSub(cur.Cstime, prev.Cstime)
sum.Numthreads = cur.Numthreads
sum.Rss = cur.Rss
delta.Guesttime = ScaledSub(cur.Guesttime, prev.Guesttime, scale)
sum.Guesttime += SafeSub(cur.Guesttime, prev.Guesttime)
curPos++
prevPos++
} else {
if curList.Samples[curPos].Pid < prevList.Samples[prevPos].Pid {
curPos++
} else {
prevPos++
}
}
}
}
``` |
Patti Stenhouse (born 24 September 1955) is a Canadian former swimmer who was Commonwealth champion in the 100 metre butterfly.
Stenhouse, a butterfly specialist, swam for the Ridge SC in Surrey, British Columbia, which was formed by her father Jim to train his three children. She is the elder sister of swimmer Janice Stenhouse, with whom she competed at the 1973 World Aquatics Championships in Belgrade.
At the 1974 British Commonwealth Games, held in Christchurch, Stenhouse won three medals for Canada, including gold in both the 100 metre butterfly and 4x100 medley relay. She set a national record in the 200m butterfly to finish with a silver medal.
References
External links
1955 births
Living people
Canadian female butterfly swimmers
Sportspeople from Surrey, British Columbia
Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Canada
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada
Swimmers at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games
20th-century Canadian women
Medallists at the 1974 British Commonwealth Games |
Leslie Statham (18 December 1905 – 28 April 1974), also known by the pen name Arnold Steck, was an English arranger and composer. Statham was born in Solihull. He was initially a soldier in the Welsh Guards regiment of the British Army playing in the Welsh Guards Band, and was occasionally given to performing as a soloist outside of his military career.
(He was) particularly active in the 1950s and 1960s and is remembered mostly for his marches with titles like "Piccadilly", "Birdcage Walk", "Path of Glory" and best known of all as it was the original signature tune for Match of the Day, "Drum Majorette", not to mention other 'production' music' titles for Chappells library such as "Morning Canter" and "Important Occasion".
Selected works
Skeleton in the Cupboard performed with the Danish State Radio Orchestra conducted by Robert Farnon featuring xylophone – Chappell C 438 1953
The Linburn Air 1965, Publisher: Chappell Duration: 4:10 mins. Instrumentation: arr. for military band by Leslie Statham
"Drum Majorette" was used as the original signature tune to the BBC's Match of the Day.
Today at Wimbledon, closing theme entitled "Sporting Occasion".
In September 1948, the Band visited Canada to play at the National Exhibition in Toronto. It was estimated that the Band's 127 concerts were attended by nearly one and a half million people and during the course of the engagement the Band played 1174 programme items. The Band made a further visit to the Canadian National Exhibition following the Coronation in 1953. These trips were something of a return engagement for Major Statham, who had been featured as a solo pianist when the Kneller Hall Band had visited Canada in 1931. Major Statham retired from the service in 1962 to concentrate on a career as a composer and arranger. – From the UK Military Bands Website.
Notes
External links
Welsh Guards Band Website (Has a photo of the Band Master under "Personnel Spotlight" section)
Musicweb-international.com
BBC theme tunes website
Military Bands website
1975 deaths
1905 births
Royal Scots soldiers
Manchester Regiment soldiers
Welsh Guards officers
20th-century classical musicians
20th-century British composers
20th-century British Army personnel
English military personnel |
The Derbyshire Dales National Nature Reserve is a series of unconnected limestone dales in the Peak District National Park. It is managed by Natural England and has a permanent staff of wardens who carry out conservation works and ensure the dales are usable for recreation.
The dales are:
Lathkill Dale ()
Cressbrook Dale ()
Monk's Dale ()
Long Dale ()
Hay Dale ()
They are all in the White Peak national character area, of which dales are an integral part. The dales are a mixture of grassland, woodland and scrub; some also have streams (generally winterbournes). They are a haven for biodiversity and many Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) lie partly or wholly within the reserve boundaries. There are a number of Biodiversity Action Plan species and habitats present.
Dippers are common along the River Lathkill, and ravens and buzzards are regularly seen around the dale. The Monyash end of Lathkill Dale is well known for the flower Jacob's ladder (Polemonium caeruleum), which is common in gardens but rare in the wild. There are also a number of orchids found in all the dales.
The sites are also a good place to study geology, with many fossils within the limestone. There are also a number of historical sites. Lathkill Dale has many industrial workings (now abandoned and derelict), and there are many interpretation boards in the dale explaining the history.
Lathkill Dale is one of the most easily accessible and most frequently visited of the Derbyshire dales, and has a good path for a large section of the dale, whereas other dales are inaccessible to less mobile people, as paths are steep and rocky for large sections (particularly Monk's Dale).
External links
Natural England website
Natural England page on White Peak
Natural England page on Derbyshire Dales
Peak District
National nature reserves in England
Nature reserves in Derbyshire
Derbyshire Dales |
Karlo Island is an island of the Andaman Islands. It belongs to the North and Middle Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The island lies north from Port Blair.
Geography
The island belongs to the Stewart Sound Group and lies between Oyster and Orchid Islands.
Administration
Politically, Karlo Island, along neighboring Stewart Sound Group Islands, belongs to Diglipur Taluk.
Demography
Karlo Island was previously inhabited. a small jetty and a sole house are all the remaining ruins of the village.
References
Geological Survey of India
Islands of North and Middle Andaman district
Uninhabited islands of India
Islands of India
Islands of the Bay of Bengal |
Alexander Richard Thompson (1 December 1876 – 16 December 1951) was an English cricketer active from 1905 to 1908 who played for Northamptonshire (Northants). He was born in Stamford, Lincolnshire, and appeared in seventeen first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who scored 358 runs with a highest score of 48 not out. He died in Durban, Natal, South Africa, aged 75.
Notes
1876 births
1951 deaths
English cricketers
Northamptonshire cricketers |
Woman Magazine may refer to:
Woman (Australian magazine), published from 1934 to 1954
Woman (UK magazine), published beginning 1937
See also
List of women's magazines |
```ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
require "resource"
require "livecheck"
RSpec.describe Resource do
subject(:resource) { described_class.new("test") }
let(:livecheck_resource) do
described_class.new do
url "path_to_url"
sha256 your_sha256_hash
livecheck do
url "path_to_url"
regex(/foo[._-]v?(\d+(?:\.\d+)+)\.t/i)
end
end
end
describe "#url" do
it "sets the URL" do
resource.url("foo")
expect(resource.url).to eq("foo")
end
it "can set the URL with specifications" do
resource.url("foo", branch: "master")
expect(resource.url).to eq("foo")
expect(resource.specs).to eq(branch: "master")
end
it "can set the URL with a custom download strategy class" do
strategy = Class.new(AbstractDownloadStrategy)
resource.url("foo", using: strategy)
expect(resource.url).to eq("foo")
expect(resource.download_strategy).to eq(strategy)
end
it "can set the URL with specifications and a custom download strategy class" do
strategy = Class.new(AbstractDownloadStrategy)
resource.url("foo", using: strategy, branch: "master")
expect(resource.url).to eq("foo")
expect(resource.specs).to eq(branch: "master")
expect(resource.download_strategy).to eq(strategy)
end
it "can set the URL with a custom download strategy symbol" do
resource.url("foo", using: :git)
expect(resource.url).to eq("foo")
expect(resource.download_strategy).to eq(GitDownloadStrategy)
end
it "raises an error if the download strategy class is unknown" do
expect { resource.url("foo", using: Class.new) }.to raise_error(TypeError)
end
it "does not mutate the specifications hash" do
specs = { using: :git, branch: "master" }
resource.url("foo", **specs)
expect(resource.specs).to eq(branch: "master")
expect(resource.using).to eq(:git)
expect(specs).to eq(using: :git, branch: "master")
end
end
describe "#livecheck" do
specify "when livecheck block is set" do
expect(livecheck_resource.livecheck.url).to eq("path_to_url")
expect(livecheck_resource.livecheck.regex).to eq(/foo[._-]v?(\d+(?:\.\d+)+)\.t/i)
end
end
describe "#livecheckable?" do
it "returns false if livecheck block is not set in resource" do
expect(resource.livecheckable?).to be false
end
specify "livecheck block defined in resources" do
expect(livecheck_resource.livecheckable?).to be true
end
end
describe "#version" do
it "sets the version" do
resource.version("1.0")
expect(resource.version).to eq(Version.parse("1.0"))
expect(resource.version).not_to be_detected_from_url
end
it "can detect the version from a URL" do
resource.url("path_to_url")
expect(resource.version).to eq(Version.parse("1.0"))
expect(resource.version).to be_detected_from_url
end
it "can set the version with a scheme" do
klass = Class.new(Version)
resource.version klass.new("1.0")
expect(resource.version).to eq(Version.parse("1.0"))
expect(resource.version).to be_a(klass)
end
it "can set the version from a tag" do
resource.url("path_to_url", tag: "v1.0.2")
expect(resource.version).to eq(Version.parse("1.0.2"))
expect(resource.version).to be_detected_from_url
end
it "rejects non-string versions" do
expect { resource.version(1) }.to raise_error(TypeError)
expect { resource.version(2.0) }.to raise_error(TypeError)
expect { resource.version(Object.new) }.to raise_error(TypeError)
end
it "returns nil if unset" do
expect(resource.version).to be_nil
end
end
describe "#mirrors" do
it "is empty by defaults" do
expect(resource.mirrors).to be_empty
end
it "returns an array of mirrors added with #mirror" do
resource.mirror("foo")
resource.mirror("bar")
expect(resource.mirrors).to eq(%w[foo bar])
end
end
describe "#checksum" do
it "returns nil if unset" do
expect(resource.checksum).to be_nil
end
it "returns the checksum set with #sha256" do
resource.sha256(TEST_SHA256)
expect(resource.checksum).to eq(Checksum.new(TEST_SHA256))
end
end
describe "#download_strategy" do
it "returns the download strategy" do
strategy = Class.new(AbstractDownloadStrategy)
expect(DownloadStrategyDetector)
.to receive(:detect).with("foo", nil).and_return(strategy)
resource.url("foo")
expect(resource.download_strategy).to eq(strategy)
end
end
describe "#owner" do
it "sets the owner" do
owner = Object.new
resource.owner = owner
expect(resource.owner).to eq(owner)
end
it "sets its owner to be the patches' owner" do
resource.patch(:p1) { url "file:///my.patch" }
owner = Object.new
resource.owner = owner
resource.patches.each do |p|
expect(p.resource.owner).to eq(owner)
end
end
end
describe "#patch" do
it "adds a patch" do
resource.patch(:p1, :DATA)
expect(resource.patches.count).to eq(1)
expect(resource.patches.first.strip).to eq(:p1)
end
end
specify "#verify_download_integrity_missing" do
fn = Pathname.new("test")
allow(fn).to receive(:file?).and_return(true)
expect(fn).to receive(:verify_checksum).and_raise(ChecksumMissingError)
expect(fn).to receive(:sha256)
resource.verify_download_integrity(fn)
end
specify "#verify_download_integrity_mismatch" do
fn = instance_double(Pathname, file?: true, basename: "foo")
checksum = resource.sha256(TEST_SHA256)
expect(fn).to receive(:verify_checksum)
.with(checksum)
.and_raise(ChecksumMismatchError.new(fn, checksum, Object.new))
expect do
resource.verify_download_integrity(fn)
end.to raise_error(ChecksumMismatchError)
end
end
``` |
Humphry Morice may refer to:
Humphry Morice (Governor of the Bank of England) (c. 1671 – 1731), British merchant
Humphry Morice (MP for Launceston) (1723–1785), British politician |
Lincoln Township is a township in
Mahaska County, Iowa, USA.
References
Mahaska County, Iowa
Townships in Iowa |
Battyeford railway station served the village of Battyeford in West Yorkshire, England.
History
Built by the London and North Western Railway and opened in 1900, the Leeds New Line linked Huddersfield and Leeds via the Spen Valley. It diverged from the existing LNWR line at Heaton Lodge junction and passed under the L&YR Manchester Leeds line before crossing the River Calder on a girder bridge and continuing onto the Battyeford viaduct. Battyeford station was situated at the northern end of the viaduct, with the platforms extending onto the span over Huddersfield road (now the A644). A large goods yard and shed were situated on the Leeds side of the station.
The station has been demolished, with only the embankment north of the A644 remaining. The goods yard has been used for new housing (Littlemore Grove).
References
External links
History and pictures of Battyeford railway station
Route and plan of station
Disused railway stations in Kirklees
Former London and North Western Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1900
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1953 |
An internal link is a type of hyperlink on a web page to another page or resource, such as an image or document, on the same website or domain.
Hyperlinks are considered either "external" or "internal" depending on their target or destination. Generally, a link to a page outside the same domain or website is considered external, whereas one that points at another section of the same web page or to another page of the same website or domain is considered internal. These definitions become clouded, however, when the same organization operates multiple domains functioning as a single web experience, e.g. when a secure commerce website is used for purchasing things displayed on a non-secure website. In these cases, links that are "external" by the above definition can conceivably be classified as "internal" for some purposes. Ultimately, an internal link points to a web page or resource in the same root directory.
Similarly, seemingly "internal" links are in fact "external" for many purposes, for example in the case of linking among subdomains of a main domain, which are not operated by the same person(s). For example, a blogging platform, such as WordPress, Blogger or Tumblr host thousands of different blogs on subdomains, which are entirely unrelated and the authors of which are generally unknown to each other. In these contexts one might view a link as "internal" only if it linked within the same blog, not to other blogs within the same domain.
Both internal and external links allow users of the website to navigate to another web page or resource. Internal linking allows for good website navigation and structure and allows search engines to crawl or spider websites. Some websites' content management systems are better than others for optimizing internal links.
See also
Backlink
Automatic_hyperlinking
References
Hypertext
WordPress |
```yaml
---
enhancements:
- |
The status page now includes a ``Status render errors`` section to highlight errors that occurred while rendering it.
``` |
```swift
import XCTest
@testable import Layout
class XMLTests: XCTestCase {
// MARK: Malformed XML
func testEmptyXML() {
let input = ""
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: input.data(using: .utf8)!)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("Empty"))
}
}
func testHTMLAtRoot() {
let input = "<html></html>"
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: input.data(using: .utf8)!)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("Invalid root"))
}
}
func testViewInsideHTML() {
let input = "<UIView><p><UIView/></p></UIView>"
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: input.data(using: .utf8)!)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("Unsupported HTML"))
}
}
func testViewInsideHTMLInsideLabel() {
let input = "<UILabel><p>hello <UIView/> world</p></UILabel>"
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: input.data(using: .utf8)!)) { error in
guard let layoutError = error as? LayoutError else {
XCTFail("\(error)")
return
}
XCTAssertTrue("\(layoutError)".contains("Unsupported HTML"))
XCTAssertTrue("\(layoutError)".contains("UIView"))
}
}
func testMismatchedHTML() {
let input = "<UILabel>Some <b>bold</bold> text</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("bold"))
}
}
func testMissingParameterAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel><param name=\"text\" value=\"foo\"/></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("type is a required attribute"))
}
}
func testExtraParameterAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel><param name=\"text\" type=\"String\" value=\"foo\"/></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("Unexpected attribute value"))
}
}
func testUnknownParameterType() {
let input = "<UILabel><param name=\"text\" type=\"Foo\"/></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("Unknown or unsupported type"))
}
}
func testChildNodeInParameter() {
let input = "<UILabel><param name=\"text\">foo</param></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("should not contain sub-nodes"))
}
}
func testMissingMacroAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel><macro key=\"text\" value=\"foo\"/></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("name is a required attribute"))
}
}
func testExtraMacroAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel><macro name=\"text\" type=\"String\" value=\"foo\"/></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("Unexpected attribute type"))
}
}
func testChildNodeInMacro() {
let input = "<UILabel><macro name=\"text\">foo</macro></UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("should not contain sub-nodes"))
}
}
func testStringInOutletAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel outlet=\"foo\"/>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertNoThrow(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData))
}
func testCommentedOutOutletAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel outlet=\"//foo\"/>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertNoThrow(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData))
}
func testEmptyOutletAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel outlet=\"\"/>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertNoThrow(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData))
}
func testExpressionInXMLAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel xml=\"{foo}\"/>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("xml must be a literal value"))
}
}
func testExpressionInTemplateAttribute() {
let input = "<UILabel template=\"{foo}.xml\"/>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
XCTAssertThrowsError(try Layout(xmlData: xmlData)) { error in
XCTAssert("\(error)".contains("template must be a literal value"))
}
}
// MARK: White space
func testDiscardLeadingWhitespace() {
let input = " <UIView/>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let xml = try! XMLParser.parse(data: xmlData)
guard xml.count == 1, case let .node(name, _, _) = xml[0] else {
XCTFail()
return
}
XCTAssertEqual(name, "UIView")
}
func testDiscardWhitespaceInsideLabel() {
let input = "<UILabel>\n Foo\n</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, "Foo")
}
func testInterleavedTextAndViewsInsideLabel() {
let input = "<UILabel>Foo<UIView/>Bar</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, "FooBar")
}
func testPreserveWhitespaceInsideHTML() {
let html = "Some <b>bold </b>and<i> italic</i> text"
let input = "<UILabel>\n \(html)\n</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, html)
}
func testPreserveHTMLAttributes() {
let html = "An <img src=\"foo.jpg\"/> tag"
let input = "<UILabel>\n \(html)\n</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, html)
}
// MARK: Entity encoding
func testEncodeXMLEntities() {
let input = "if 2 > 3 && 1 < 4"
let expected = "if 2 > 3 && 1 < 4"
XCTAssertEqual(input.xmlEncoded(), expected)
}
func testNoEncodeHTMLEntitiesInText() {
let text = "2 legs are < 4 legs"
let input = "<UILabel>\(text.xmlEncoded())</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, text)
}
func testEncodeHTMLEntitiesInHTML() {
let html = "2 legs are < 4 legs<br/>"
let input = "<UILabel>\(html)</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, html)
}
func testEncodeHTMLEntitiesInHTML2() {
let html = "<p>2 legs are < 4 legs</p>"
let input = "<UILabel>\(html)</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, html)
}
func testEncodeHTMLEntitiesInHTML3() {
let html = "<b>trial</b> & error"
let input = "<UILabel>\(html)</UILabel>"
let xmlData = input.data(using: .utf8)!
let layout = try! Layout(xmlData: xmlData)
XCTAssertEqual(layout.body, html)
}
}
``` |
Pate (Paté) Island () is located in the Indian Ocean close to the northern coast of Kenya, to which it belongs. It is the largest island in the Lamu Archipelago, which lie between the towns of Lamu and Kiunga in the former Coast Province. The island is almost completely surrounded by mangroves.
Like much of the Swahili Coast, Pate's history was marked by a steady transition from agricultural communities in the early first millennium into a specialized, urban trading society around the 10th century, likely earlier. Islam spread down the coast from African Muslims in the Horn of Africa, helping to develop what would be known as the Swahili culture. Despite myths to the contrary, Pate was neither an Arab nor Persian colony, but an African town frequented by trading Arabs, Persians, Indians, and others. It was the centre of the Pate sultanate from the 13th–19th centuries. The Swahili port of Pate long vied with Lamu and Takwa (on Manda Island) for economic dominance of the area, and came into prominence around the 14th century. It was subjugated by Lamu, however, in the late 19th century.
Public transportation is provided by a few mini buses (known as matatus). The main administrative centre on the island, with the police station, is in Faza.
Faza
Faza town, on the North coast, known by the name of Ampaza by the Portuguese dates back at least to the 14th century. In 1587, Faza was destroyed by the Portuguese as the local Sheikh had supported Mir Ali Bey, a notorious privateer who had earlier played a key role in ousting the Portuguese from Muscat. The Portuguese arrived from Goa with some 650 men on their punitive expedition, and unleashed their fury on Faza. Everybody they could find was killed, including the local Sheikh. The Portuguese preserved his head in a barrel of salt for display in India. After 4 days of looting they invited Fazas' arch-rivals from Pate town to take away anything that they liked from Faza.
Faza was later resettled. The Portuguese in Faza constructed a chapel there, however, nothing remains of it. In the 18th century Faza again fell into decline due to the rise of Pate. The English Consul Holmwood visited the place in 1873 and found it "dirty and infected with diseases".
Pate Town
The Pate Sultanate was a sultanate from at least the beginning of the 13th century until 1895. From 1858 on it was the domain known as Wituland. Archeological evidence suggests Pate was a prominent location in local trade networks by the 10th century.
Pate Town is situated on the south-west coast of the island. According to the Pate Chronicle, the town of Pate was founded by refugees from Oman in the 8th century and re-founded by members of the Nabhani family, also from Oman, in 1203. The Pate Chronicle also claims that in the 14th century Pate was so powerful that it had conquered most of the towns on the Swahili coast. However, recent archaeological findings (by Neville Chittick and later, Mark Horton) suggest that the early references in the Chronicle to Pate are wrong and that the town is in fact younger.
The 18th century was known as the "Golden Age of Pate", when the town was at its height of powers and also prospered in fine arts. Builders constructed some of the finest houses on the Swahili coast, with extensive elaborate plaster works. Goldsmiths made intricate jewellery, fine cloths (including silks) were made by Pate's weavers and carpenters produced fine wooden furniture. The use and production of the musical instrument known as Siwa were most famous. Two examples of Siwas still remain in the museum in Lamu.
Both men and women wrote poetry in the Kiamu dialect of Swahili. The Utendi wa Tambuka, one of the earliest known documents in Swahili, was written in the royal Yunga palace in Pate Town. The downfall of Pate town came as a consequence of continuous quarrelling/warring with its neighbours from the end of the 18th century.
In 1811, two British naval officers, Smee and Hardy, visited Pate, and witnessed the infighting.
In 1813, the famous "Battle of Shela" took place at Shela. This was an attempt by Pate, allied with the Mazrui clan from Mombasa/Oman, to subject Lamu. The attempt failed totally, and many were killed. Only a handful of people managed to return to Pate, and their losses were felt for years.
Thomas Boteler, who visited Pate in 1823, described the seeing the remains of a Portuguese fort, but that the place looked otherwise poor. The poet Mwana Kupona (d. 1860) also lived at Pate Town.
By 1892, the number of inhabitants had fallen to only 300, down from 7,000. Today, the town has recovered some. Agriculture is today the main economic activity.
Siyu
Siyu town is situated on the North coast of Pate island. As no major excavations have been done in Siyu, its age is not known, but it might date from the 13th century. Gaspar de Santo Bernadino visited the town in 1606, and stated that it was the largest town on the island.
Siyu's main claim to historical fame is that it through several battles withstood the Sultans of Zanzibar. In 1843 the Sheikh of Siyu, Bwana Machaka wa Shee, and the new Sheikh of Pate, repudiated the sovereignty of Seyyid Said, Sultan of Oman and Zanzibar. In response, Seyyid Said assembled an army consisting of 2000 people from Muscat, Baluchistan and Lamu. Leading them was his cousin, General Seyyid Hemed bin Ahmed Al-Busaidy, known as "Amir Hemed". He had previously been Governor of Bandar Abbas (in 1824). He landed at Faza in early January 1844. On 6 January they moved towards Siyu, but were ambushed and forced back to Faza. After three weeks without a victory Amir Hemed sailed off.
In 1845 Siyu gave Seyyid Said one of his greatest military defeats, in this battle the famous Amir Hemed was killed and was buried in Rasini where his grave exists to date. Seyyid Said used to pay tribute to his grave at Rasini every year. It is believed Amir Hemed was very swift with his sword to the extent of stopping all arrows and spears shot at him in battlefield. The soldiers of Siu knew about this and during this battle two archers from the Siu army shot two arrows at him in one second targeting his armpit. When Amir Hemed swiftly lifted his sword to stop the first arrow the second shot his chest from the arm pit. It was a poisoned arrow and it killed him instantly. Seyyid Said planned a revenge to avenge the death of his cousin. After a while he cheated almost all the rulers, advisors and generals of Siu into a diplomatic mission with him in Zanzibar, but he turned this into a massacre mission for the rulers of Siu. They were advised by the sultan to leave behind all their weapons since it was a diplomatic one. Upon arrival in Zanzibar, Seyyid Said individually asked every individual in the Siu mission the whereabouts of Amir Hemed and everybody who answered that he is dead was killed instantly by the Sultan. Some of the diplomats who answered that Amir Hemed is still alive were spared but they were imprisoned for life at fort Jesus in Mombasa which was also under the Sultan then. After the Sultan of Zanzibar massacred almost all the rulers of Siu, he forcefully arrested the ones remained in Siu town and deported them to Mombasa for imprisonment at fort Jesus along with the others who survived the Zanzibar Massacre.
When Siyu finally succumbed to Zanzibar's dominance, under Sultan Majid in 1863, it was one of the last towns on the whole of the Swahili Coast to do so.
Kizingitini
Kizingitini is situated on the North coast (east of Faza) and is the largest fishing port on the island. Lying slightly north of Rasini, the fishing port straddles 2° 4'11.90"S and 41° 8'29.92"E, and is the southern reach of the Kizingitini-Kiunga Spiny lobster fishery.
Shanga
Shanga is an important archaeological site, situated on the South-East coast of the island. It was excavated during an eight-year period, starting in 1980. The earliest settlement was dated to the 8th century, and the conclusion drawn from archaeological evidence (locally minted coins, burials) indicate that a small number of local inhabitants were Muslim, probably from the late 8th century onwards, and at least from the early ninth. The excavations also revealed a major break in the development of Shanga in the mid or late 11th century, with the destruction and the rebuilding of the Friday Mosque Horton relates this to the writing of the historian João de Barros, about members of an Arab tribe, generally believed to be Qarmatians, who arrived at the Swahili coast. De Barros connects these new arrivals with a republican style of government.
Shanga was abandoned between 1400–1425; the event was recorded in both the History of Pate and in oral tradition. The Washanga ("the people of Shanga") consist of a clan who still live in the nearby Swahili town of Siyu. Rezende's description of Siyu in 1634 states that "the kingdom of Sio has no king but is ruled by governors"
Evidence of Chinese exploration
In 1999, Nicholas Kristof of the New York Times reported a surprising encounter on the island of Pate. He found a village of stone huts. He talked to an elderly man living in the village who said that he was a descendant of Chinese explorers who were shipwrecked there centuries before. The Chinese had supposedly traded with the locals, and had even loaded giraffes onto their ship to take back to China. However, the Chinese ran aground on a nearby reef. Kristof found evidence that confirmed the man's story. Such evidence included the Asian features of the people in the village, plus Asian-looking porcelain artefacts.
National Geographic then published an article by Frank Viviano in July 2005. He had visited Pate island during the time he stayed on Lamu. Ceramic fragments had been found around Lamu, which the administrative officer of the local Swahili history museum claimed were of Chinese origin; specifically, from Zheng He's voyage to the Swahili Coast. The eyes of the Pate people resembled Chinese. Famao and Wei were some of the names among them which were speculated to be of Chinese origin. Their ancestors were said to be from indigenous women who intermarried with Chinese Ming sailors when they were shipwrecked. Two places on Pate were called "Old Shanga", and "New Shanga", which the Chinese sailors had named. A local guide who claimed descent from the Chinese showed Frank a graveyard made out of coral on the island, indicating that they were the graves of the Chinese sailors, which the author described as "virtually identical" to Chinese Ming dynasty tombs, complete with "half-moon domes" and "terraced entries".
See also
Scientific Adam
Witu Sultanate
References
Bibliography
Martin, Chryssee MacCasler Perry and Esmond Bradley Martin: Quest for the Past. An historical guide to the Lamu Archipelago. 1973.
Mark Horton; with contributions by Helen W. Brown and Nina Mudida: Shanga: the archaeology of a Muslim trading community on the coast of East Africa. Memoirs of the British Institute in Eastern Africa; No. 14 London: British Institute in Eastern Africa, 1996.
See also
Historic Swahili Settlements
Swahili architecture
Further reading
Allen, J. de V. (1979) Siyu in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Transafrican journal of History 8 (2), pp. 1–35,
Allen, James de Vere: Lamu, with an appendix on Archaeological finds from the region of Lamu by H. Neville Chittick. Nairobi: Kenya National Museums.
(from about 1517: p. 15)
Barros, João de (1778): Da Asia de João de Barros e de Diogo de Couto v.2 pt.1 Chapter 2: p. 15 ff (referenced in Freeman-Grenville 1962, 83–84 181)
Brown, H. (1985) History of Siyu: the development and decline of a Swahili town on the northern Swahili coast. Unpublished PhD thesis, Indiana University.
Brown, H. (1988) Siyu: town of the craftsmen. Azania 26, pp 1–4.
(start: p.458 Patta, resume: pp. 505, Notes: p. 517)
Freeman-Grenville (1962) The East-African coast: select documents from the first to the earlier nineteenth century. London: Oxford University Press.
Kirkman, James: Men and Monuments on the East African Coast .
King'ei Kitula: Mwana Kupona: Poetess from Lamu, , Sasa Sema Publications, 2000.
Strandes, Justus: The Portuguese Period in East Africa.
Tolmacheva, Marina; Weiler, Dagmar (translator): The Pate Chronicle: Edited and Translated from Mss 177, 321, 344, and 358 of the Library of the University of Dar Es Salaam (African Historical Sources)
Werner, A; Hichens, W: The Advice of Mwana Kupona upon The Wifely Duty, Azania Press, 1934.
Swahili people
Swahili city-states
Swahili culture
Lamu Archipelago
Lamu County
Populated places in Coast Province
Archaeological sites in Kenya
Coastal islands of Kenya |
The Carol Weymuller Open 2014 is the women's edition of the 2014 Carol Weymuller Open, which is a tournament of the WSA World Tour event Gold (Prize money : 50 000 $). The event took place at The Heights Casino in Brooklyn, New York in the United States from 1 October to 6 October. Alison Waters won her first Carol Weymuller Open trophy, beating Omneya Abdel Kawy in the final.
Prize money and ranking points
For 2014, the prize purse was $50,000. The prize money and points breakdown is as follows:
Seeds
Draw and results
See also
WSA World Tour 2014
Carol Weymuller Open
References
External links
WSA Carol Weymuller Open 2014 website
Carol Weymuller Open 2014 SquashSite website
Carol Weymuller Open
Carol Weymuller Open
Carol Weymuller Open
Carol Weymuller Open
Carol Weymuller Open |
Clelia is a genus of snakes, one of three genera with species with the common name mussurana or musurana (Portuguese: muçurana) It is a genus of large snakes in the family Colubridae. The genus is endemic to Central America and South America, and species of Clelia are found from southern Mexico to Brazil. They specialize in ophiophagy, i.e., they attack and eat other snakes. Currently seven species are recognized as being valid. They have other popular names in various countries, such as in Central America and cribo on some Caribbean islands (though they are not related to Drymarchon).
Species
The genus Clelia contains the following species which are currently recognized:
Clelia clelia – black mussurana, windward cribo
Clelia equatoriana – equatorial mussarana
Clelia errabunda – Underwood's mussurana, Saint Lucia cribo (extinct)
Clelia hussami
Clelia langeri
Clelia plumbea
Clelia scytalina – Mexican snake eater
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Clelia.
Etymology
The specific name, hussami, is in honor Brazilian herpetologist Hussam Zaher.
The specific name, langeri, is in honor of German-born Dominican friar Brother Andres Langer, who is a missionary in Pampagrande, Bolivia.
Description
Mussuranas have an average total length (including tail) of about , but may grow up to about . When young, the dorsal color is light pink, which becomes lead-blue when adult. The ventral color is whitish yellow. They have 10 to 15 teeth at the front of the upper jaw, which are followed, after a space, by two enlarged grooved teeth at the back of the mouth (opisthoglyphous teeth) which they use to grasp the head of the attacked snake and push it into the gullet. Then they coil around the prey, killing it by constriction (this is the reason these species are called pseudoboas). Ingestion of the whole body follows. The long body of the ingested snake is compressed as a wave in order to fit into the mussuranas' gastrointestinal system.
Reproduction
Mussaranas are oviparous.
Venom
Although mussuranas are rear-fanged and produce a mild venom, these snakes pose no danger to humans. Even when handled they usually do not bite. Very few envenomations have been reported and they were not fatal. Mussuranas are immune to the venom of the snakes they feed upon, particularly the smaller Central and South American pit vipers of the genus Bothrops. They are not immune to the venom of the coral snake, though. In the absence of other snakes, mussuranas can feed also on small mammals. It has been reported that at least some captive specimens will accept only live snakes as prey.
Habitat and behavior
The preferred habitat of mussuranas is dense ground-level vegetation. They are diurnal.
Conservation
In some regions, farmers keep mussuranas as pets in order to keep their living environment clear of pit vipers, which claim annually a large number of deaths of domestic animals, like cattle. In the 1930s a Brazilian plan to breed and release large numbers of mussuranas for the control of pit vipers was tried but did not work. The Butantan Institute in São Paulo, which specializes in the production of antivenins, erected a statue of Clelia clelia as its symbol and a tribute to its usefulness in combating venomous snake bites. Mussuranas' immunity to bothropic venom was studied by the Brazilian scientist Vital Brazil in the 1920s. Mussuranas are increasingly rare due to the disappearance of their prey and have disappeared in many habitats.
References
Further reading
Ditmars RL (1936). The Reptiles of North America. New York: Doubleday and Co. 476 pp., 135 plates. (Notes: Trimorphodon, Leptodeira capable of poisonous bites; mentions boomslang, possibly mussurana, dangerous.)
Fitzinger LI (1826). Neue Classification der Reptilien nach ihren natürlichen Verwandtschaften. Nebst einer Verwandtschafts-tafel und einem Verzeichnisse der Reptilien-Sammlung des K. K. zoologischen Museum's zu Wien. Vienna: J.G. Heubner. five unnumbered + 67 pp. + one plate. (Clelia, new genus, p. 55). (in German and Latin).
Roosevelt, Theodore (1914). Through the Brazilian Wilderness. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. 410 pp. (Notes: Throughout the book, the snake is commonly referred to as the "mussurama [sic]").
External links
Mussurana Care Sheet
Photograph from the wild: mussurana 1, common lancehead 0.
discussion forum (about venom of musurana)
Mussuranas
Snakes of Central America
Snakes of South America
Clelia
Reptiles of Brazil
Reptiles of Costa Rica
Reptiles of Guatemala
Reptiles of Guyana
Taxa named by Leopold Fitzinger |
Geesiena Jacoba "Sienie" Strikwerda (née van Klinken; 7 November 1921 – 23 June 2013) was a Dutch educator, feminist, and anti–nuclear weapons activist. She served as chairperson of the , the national committee against nuclear cruise missiles. On 29 October 1983, the committee organised a demonstration of 550,000 people which was the largest demonstration in the history of the Netherlands. In 1985, she offered Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers, a petition with 3.7 million signatures. She served in the Provincial Council of North Holland between 1991 and 1995.
Biography
Van Klinken was born on 7 November 1921 in Musselkanaal, Netherlands. In the 1930s, the family moved to Leeuwarden where she spend her youth. In May 1940, she obtained her teaching degree with a specialisation in English. She worked as a nurse in the , a hospital in Amsterdam. In 1944, she met Pé Strikwerda and became pregnant. The couple later married, however she needed a note from her father for her release from the hospital, and it marked her beginning as a feminist.
In 1946, Strikwerda joined the Nederlandse Christen Vrouwenbond (Dutch Christian Women Union). In the mid-1960s, she worked in the catechesis of the Dutch Reformed Church. In 1969, she started teaching religion and social history in high schools. In 1971, she became the Chairperson of the Nederlandse Christen Vrouwenbond, and served until 1976. During her tenure, she was an activist for abortion, birth control, and the acceptance of homosexuality.
Anti-nuclear weapons activist
In 1979, Strikwerda joined Vrouwen tegen Kernwapens (Women against Nuclear Weapons). On 6 December 1979, a demonstration of approximately 10,000 women was organised against the deployment of 48 nuclear cruise missiles in the Netherlands. The group marched to the Binnenhof, the seat of the States General of the Netherlands, and Strikwerda climbed on a vehicle to address the crowd.
On 21 November 1981, a large demonstration against nuclear weapons was organised in Amsterdam. The demonstration was attended by 400,000 to 450,000 people, and was organised by the (Interdenominational Peace Council) in collaboration with political parties, unions, and peace groups. A better organisational structure was needed, and in 1982, the Komitee Kruisraketten Nee () was established with Strikwerda as chairperson.
On 29 October 1983, the Committee Cruise Missiles No organised a demonstration in The Hague which was attended by 550,000 people, and was the largest demonstration in the history of the Netherlands. More than 3,000 buses arrived in The Hague, and the Dutch railways scheduled 120 extra trains. After the demonstration, the doors at Den Haag Centraal railway station were kept closed and people were let in piecemeal to prevent overcrowding. There were no incidents, and only 16 arrests from a counter-demonstration.
Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers announced on television that decisions were not made by the size of a demonstration, but by the majority in parliament. To further pressure the government, a petition was organised. In 1985, a petition with 3.7 million signatures was offered to Lubbers.
Despite strong opposition against nuclear weapons, the government decided to place the cruise missiles, but with a two-year delay. In 1986, Strikwerda announced her retirement as chairperson effective 3 October. On 8 December 1987, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty was signed which resulted in a cancellation of the cruise missiles in the Netherlands.
Later life
Strikwerda became a member of the Labour Party. In 1991, she participated in the elections for the Provincial Council of North Holland, and served until 1995.
Strikwerda died on 26 June 2013 in Amsterdam, at the age of 91.
References
1921 births
2013 deaths
People from Stadskanaal
Dutch anti–nuclear weapons activists
Dutch feminists
Members of the Provincial Council of North Holland
Dutch schoolteachers
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians |
The Strypes were a four-piece rock band from Cavan, Ireland, formed in 2010 consisting of Ross Farrelly (lead vocals/harmonica), Josh McClorey (lead guitar/vocals), Peter O'Hanlon (bass guitar/harmonica) and Evan Walsh (drums). The band played the local scene with various members switching parts as they searched for their sound. They drew inspiration from 1960s blues boom and 1970s pub rock bands such as Dr. Feelgood, Eddie and the Hot Rods, The Rolling Stones, The Yardbirds, Lew Lewis and Rockpile as well as the original bluesmen and rock 'n' roll artists such as Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Howlin' Wolf and Little Walter, among others.
The band, with a shared love of blues and rhythm and blues music, formed in the town of Cavan, Ireland. After several months gigging around their hometown, the band began playing clubs and pubs around Ireland, playing sets mixing original material with rhythm and blues covers. Their set of fast-paced, gritty, garage rock "speed blues", which mixed the powerful approach of Dr. Feelgood with the intense rave-up format of The Yardbirds, quickly became well received by crowds across Ireland and their reputation as a live act grew.
The band's debut EP Young, Gifted & Blue brought them surprise success and recognition in 2012, topping the iTunes Blues charts. After signing with Elton John's record label, the band released their debut L.P Snapshot in 2013, bringing them to national fame.
The band became known for their stellar live performances and supported artists like the Arctic Monkeys, Johnny Marr and Paul Weller on tour.
The band followed up with the release of Little Victories, which received comparatively mixed reviews due to its more indie-rock style. They embarked on a world tour in support of the album.
The band released Spitting Image in 2017, which enjoyed rave reviews but relatively poor commercial success.
The band announced their split on social media in November 2018. Josh McClorey remains musically active, embarking on a solo career .O' Hanlon, Walsh and Farrelly initially reunited to form Indie rock band The Zen Arcade however they have since disbanded.
Music career
Formation and early years
The band formed in the town of Cavan in Ireland with the original line-up consisting of McClorey (10 September 1995), Walsh (30 October 1996), O'Hanlon (20 February 1996) on vocals, Jack Hayden (19 December 1995) and Conor Bates (guitar). The band made their debut at a primary school Christmas concert and started playing around Cavan and the surrounding areas. In a matter of months, however, Bates had left the band. Ross Farrelly (3 September 1997) joined on vocals and harmonica.
In November 2010, the then unknown band debuted on that year's edition of The Late Late Toy Show, leading to the launch of their career. In 2011, Hayden left the band. O'Hanlon then switched to bass.
2012–2015: Breakthrough and debut album
In April 2012, they released a self-produced EP of four blues covers entitled Young, Gifted & Blue. It was led by a version of the Bo Diddley song "You Can't Judge a Book by the Cover" and also featured material penned by Billy Boy Arnold, Slim Harpo and Eddie Holland. All of the group's members were still in school at the time and merely recorded the EP as a fun side project. The band did all the preparation and promotion themselves and the EP reached No. 1 on the iTunes Blues Chart the day after release (a position it later held for a further six weeks). This came as a huge surprise to the band, and "You Can't Judge a Book by the Cover" became a minor hit on Irish radio.
The release of the EP also attracted record company interest, and a battle ensued between several major labels for the band's signatures. During this time they began travelling to London, playing clubs and venues around the city. During this time they were signed to Rocket Music Management, owned by Sir Elton John, a fan of the band. In December 2012, the band chose to sign with Mercury Records. Since signing, the band has begun playing venues across the UK and have appeared in music magazines such as NME and Mojo, as well as several national newspapers. Jeff Beck, Alice Cooper, Paul Weller, Noel Gallagher, Dave Grohl, Roger Daltrey, and Miles Kane are all known fans of the band.
During a February 2013 TV appearance on Chelsea Lately guest hosted by Grohl, Sir Elton said of The Strypes, "They have a knowledge of R&B and blues at 16 years of age that I have only amassed in my 65 years. They're just like a breath of fresh air."
On 28 March 2013 the band released its debut single on Mercury Records, an original track titled "Blue Collar Jane". The single was released on download sites and radio, featuring two digital B-sides, on 28 March with a special edition numbered gatefold vinyl released on Record Store Day (20 April). The reaction to the single has been uniformly positive, with the A-side peaking at No. 11 on the iTunes Alternative Charts. The Record Store Day gatefold double 7" vinyl release featured "Blue Collar Jane" plus B-sides on one 45 and a slightly altered reprint of Young, Gifted & Blue on the other.
During April 2013 the band featured live on the popular BBC2 television programme Later... with Jools Holland, along with other musical artists Suede, Laura Mvula and Cat Power. The band's second single, "Hometown Girls" (backed by live versions of T-Bone Walker's "Stormy Monday Blues" and the traditional "CC Rider" recorded at King Tut's, Glasgow) was released as a download in May 2013 and on vinyl on 8 July.
The band's third single, "What a Shame", was released on download on 26 July with a vinyl run to follow later in August.
On 27 June 2013 the band were announced to be supporting British indie-rock band Arctic Monkeys on their 2013 UK, Belgium, France, Germany and Italy Tour.
In July 2013 The Strypes supported British indie-rock band The Courteeners at Castlefield Bowl in Manchester, along with Miles Kane and Reverend and the Makers
The band's debut album, titled Snapshot, was released on 9 September 2013. It was produced by highly acclaimed (former Beatles and Sex Pistols) record producer Chris Thomas
In March 2014 they appeared at SXSW backing BP Fallon performing the song Vicious at a Lou Reed memorial concert. The same year they were presented with The Grulke Prize for Developing Non-US Act.
26 March 2014 The Strypes played their biggest ever U.S. TV appearance, performing "What A Shame" on Late Show with David Letterman. Letterman enthusiastically ended the show with "The Strypes – that's all you need to know!"
In July 2014 The Strypes toured Australia, playing single dates in Melbourne(22nd) and Sydney(23rd).
Chris Difford of the hit band Squeeze - who is thanked on the liner notes of Snapshot - was an early mentor. He told Extra.ie in 2018: ‘The Strypes are incredibly intelligent. They had a three-album deal; they’ve fulfilled that. When they decide to make another record it will be no problem getting a deal. A similar thing happened to Squeeze. Whatever they choose to do, they’ll be in a good place because they follow their instincts. That’s what Squeeze did and we’re still here.’
2015-2017: Little Victories
In 2015, The Strypes released their second album, entitled Little Victories which reached number 1 on the Irish Charts and number 17 on the UK charts and embarked on a world tour to promote the album. In November 2015, the band released the album Live in Tokyo 2015, recorded from one of their live shows in Tokyo, Japan on the tour. They also played in Brazil, during the 'Cultura Inglesa Festival', opening for Johnny Marr.
In November 2016, the band announced a limited edition run of 500 vinyl only singles available exclusively from their website with all proceeds going to the teenage Cancer charity Canteen. It is released on the Reckless Records label
The double-A-side features versions of Nick Lowe's '(What's So Funny 'Bout) Peace, Love, and Understanding' and Stefan Murphy's 'Down at the Radiotron'.
2017-2018: Spitting Image
In March 2017, the band began touring smaller venues in Ireland to road test new material for a third studio album scheduled for release in June 2017. On 25 April 2017 it was announced that this album would be called Spitting Image. The album was released on 16 June of that year. Wanting to create a tour diary that was not "absolutely shite", Pete O' Hanlon created the "Surprisingly Dull Adventures of The Strypes" YouTube series which documented their subsequent tour in promotion of the album.
In July 2017, the band supported main headliners, Nevada rock band The Killers, and Manchester band Elbow at a sold out Hyde Park, London for the BST 2017 festival.
They also supported Paul Weller and Liam Gallagher on their respective headline tours.
2018-present : Break-up and subsequent projects
On 14 November 2018, 7 months after cancelling the remainder of their Spitting Image tour due to drummer Evan Walsh being unfit to perform, the band announced their breakup through a post on their Instagram page. In an interview with Indie Buddy in 2020, Walsh stated that the band split-up because the members wanted to go in a different musical direction but were being pressurised by their label to stick to a certain style.
Following the break-up of the Strypes, the band members continued their musical careers, with guitarist Josh McClorey releasing his first solo single "Everything Was Easy" in 2020 and singer Ross Farelly, bassist Pete O'Hanlon and drummer Evan Walsh forming the band the Zen Arcade, releasing their debut single "Don't Say A Word" in 2020. They have since disbanded.
The Strypes appeared in the film Rocketman (2019), playing Elton John's backing band.
Influences
The Strypes have cited Dr. Feelgood and the Yardbirds as their main musical influences, but members have also cited The Beatles, The Who, Chuck Berry, The Rolling Stones, Bo Diddley, The Jam, Willie Dixon, Little Richard, Elvis Costello, The Ramones, The New York Dolls, The Undertones, Squeeze, Rockpile, The Housemartins, Dave Edmunds, Royal Blood, Lew Lewis, Johnny Marr, The Animals, Johnny Thunder, Nine Below Zero, Thin Lizzy, Eddie Cochran, Jimmy Reed, Dave Evnans Little Walter, Howlin' Wolf,Them, The Fratellis,The Pirates, Blur, Elmore James, AC/DC, Nick Lowe, Muddy Waters, The Cars, Sonny Boy Williamson II, The Bohicas,John Mayall & The Bluesbreakers, Kaiser Chiefs, Jamie T, Slim Harpo, Robert Johnson, Billy Boy Arnold, Lead Belly, Kendrick Lamar, John Lee Hooker and Jerry Lee Lewis as influences. Guitarist Josh McClorey stated that "What A Shame" was influenced by the Arctic Monkeys and that "Heavenly Soul" was influenced by Nirvana
Band members
Ross Farrelly - Lead vocals, Harmonica (2010–2018)
Josh McClorey - Lead guitar, backing vocals (2010–2018)
Peter O'Hanlon - Bass (2010–2018)
Evan Walsh - Drums, Percussion (2010–2018)
Former members
Jack Hayden – Bass (2010)
Conor Bates – Guitar (2010)
Discography
Studio albums
EPs
Singles
References
External links
Musical groups disestablished in 2018
Musical groups established in 2008
Musical groups from County Cavan
Irish musical quartets
Irish rock music groups |
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="path_to_url">
<!--<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#A8C3B0"
android:startColor="#C6CFCE"/>-->
<!--<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />-->
<solid android:color="@color/green_xiaomi" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
<!-- <stroke android:width="1dp" android:color="#000000" />-->
</shape>
``` |
Plagiostropha rubrifaba is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Drilliidae.
Description
The length of the shell attains 6 mm.
Distribution
This marine species occurs off Mactan Island, Cebu, the Philippines.
References
Chino M. & Stahlschmidt P. (2010) New species of Plagiostropha (Gastropoda: Drillidae) from the Philippines and Japan. Visaya 2(6):82–87
External links
rubrifaba
Gastropods described in 2010 |
```swift
/*
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
*
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/* This is a simple Swift demo app that shows an example of how to use
* PJSUA API to make one audio+video call to another user.
*/
import SwiftUI
class PjsipVars: ObservableObject {
@Published var calling = false
var dest: String = "sip:test@sip.pjsip.org"
var call_id: pjsua_call_id = PJSUA_INVALID_ID.rawValue
/* Video window */
@Published var vid_win:UIView? = nil
}
class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate {
static let Shared = AppDelegate()
var pjsip_vars = PjsipVars()
}
@main
struct ipjsua_swiftApp: App {
init() {
/* Create pjsua */
var status: pj_status_t;
status = pjsua_create();
if (status != PJ_SUCCESS.rawValue) {
NSLog("Failed creating pjsua");
}
/* Init configs */
var cfg = pjsua_config();
var log_cfg = pjsua_logging_config();
var media_cfg = pjsua_media_config();
pjsua_config_default(&cfg);
pjsua_logging_config_default(&log_cfg);
pjsua_media_config_default(&media_cfg);
/* Initialize application callbacks */
cfg.cb.on_incoming_call = on_incoming_call;
cfg.cb.on_call_state = on_call_state;
cfg.cb.on_call_media_state = on_call_media_state;
/* Init pjsua */
status = pjsua_init(&cfg, &log_cfg, &media_cfg);
/* Create transport */
var transport_id = pjsua_transport_id();
var tcp_cfg = pjsua_transport_config();
pjsua_transport_config_default(&tcp_cfg);
tcp_cfg.port = 5080;
status = pjsua_transport_create(PJSIP_TRANSPORT_TCP,
&tcp_cfg, &transport_id);
/* Add local account */
var aid = pjsua_acc_id();
status = pjsua_acc_add_local(transport_id, pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue), &aid);
/* Use colorbar for local account and enable incoming video */
var acc_cfg = pjsua_acc_config();
var tmp_pool:UnsafeMutablePointer<pj_pool_t>? = nil;
var info : [pjmedia_vid_dev_info] =
Array(repeating: pjmedia_vid_dev_info(), count: 16);
var count:UInt32 = UInt32(info.capacity);
tmp_pool = pjsua_pool_create("tmp-ipjsua", 1000, 1000);
pjsua_acc_get_config(aid, tmp_pool, &acc_cfg);
acc_cfg.vid_in_auto_show = pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue);
pjsua_vid_enum_devs(&info, &count);
for i in 0..<count {
let name: [CChar] = tupleToArray(tuple: info[Int(i)].name);
if let dev_name = String(validatingUTF8: name) {
if (dev_name == "Colorbar generator") {
acc_cfg.vid_cap_dev = pjmedia_vid_dev_index(i);
break;
}
}
}
pjsua_acc_modify(aid, &acc_cfg);
/* Init account config */
let id = strdup("Test<sip:test@sip.pjsip.org>");
let username = strdup("test");
let passwd = strdup("pwd");
let realm = strdup("*");
let registrar = strdup("sip:sip.pjsip.org");
let proxy = strdup("sip:sip.pjsip.org;transport=tcp");
pjsua_acc_config_default(&acc_cfg);
acc_cfg.id = pj_str(id);
acc_cfg.cred_count = 1;
acc_cfg.cred_info.0.username = pj_str(username);
acc_cfg.cred_info.0.realm = pj_str(realm);
acc_cfg.cred_info.0.data = pj_str(passwd);
acc_cfg.reg_uri = pj_str(registrar);
acc_cfg.proxy_cnt = 1;
acc_cfg.proxy.0 = pj_str(proxy);
acc_cfg.vid_out_auto_transmit = pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue);
acc_cfg.vid_in_auto_show = pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue);
/* Add account */
pjsua_acc_add(&acc_cfg, pj_bool_t(PJ_TRUE.rawValue), nil);
/* Free strings */
free(id); free(username); free(passwd); free(realm);
free(registrar); free(proxy);
pj_pool_release(tmp_pool);
/* Start pjsua */
status = pjsua_start();
}
var body: some Scene {
WindowGroup {
ContentView()
.environmentObject(AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars)
.preferredColorScheme(.light)
}
}
}
private func on_incoming_call(acc_id: pjsua_acc_id, call_id: pjsua_call_id,
rdata: UnsafeMutablePointer<pjsip_rx_data>?)
{
var opt = pjsua_call_setting();
pjsua_call_setting_default(&opt);
opt.aud_cnt = 1;
opt.vid_cnt = 1;
/* Automatically answer call with 200 */
pjsua_call_answer2(call_id, &opt, 200, nil, nil);
}
private func on_call_state(call_id: pjsua_call_id,
e: UnsafeMutablePointer<pjsip_event>?)
{
var ci = pjsua_call_info();
pjsua_call_get_info(call_id, &ci);
if (ci.state == PJSIP_INV_STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
/* UIView update must be done in the main thread */
DispatchQueue.main.sync {
AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win = nil;
AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.calling = false;
}
}
}
private func tupleToArray<Tuple, Value>(tuple: Tuple) -> [Value] {
let tupleMirror = Mirror(reflecting: tuple)
return tupleMirror.children.compactMap { (child: Mirror.Child) -> Value? in
return child.value as? Value
}
}
private func on_call_media_state(call_id: pjsua_call_id)
{
var ci = pjsua_call_info();
pjsua_call_get_info(call_id, &ci);
let media: [pjsua_call_media_info] = tupleToArray(tuple: ci.media);
for mi in 0...ci.media_cnt {
if (media[Int(mi)].status == PJSUA_CALL_MEDIA_ACTIVE ||
media[Int(mi)].status == PJSUA_CALL_MEDIA_REMOTE_HOLD)
{
switch (media[Int(mi)].type) {
case PJMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
var call_conf_slot: pjsua_conf_port_id;
call_conf_slot = media[Int(mi)].stream.aud.conf_slot;
pjsua_conf_connect(call_conf_slot, 0);
pjsua_conf_connect(0, call_conf_slot);
break;
case PJMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
let wid = media[Int(mi)].stream.vid.win_in;
var wi = pjsua_vid_win_info();
if (pjsua_vid_win_get_info(wid, &wi) == PJ_SUCCESS.rawValue) {
let vid_win:UIView =
Unmanaged<UIView>.fromOpaque(wi.hwnd.info.ios.window).takeUnretainedValue();
/* For local loopback test, one acts as a transmitter,
the other as a receiver.
*/
if (AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win == nil) {
/* UIView update must be done in the main thread */
DispatchQueue.main.sync {
AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win = vid_win;
}
} else {
if (AppDelegate.Shared.pjsip_vars.vid_win != vid_win) {
/* Transmitter */
var param = pjsua_call_vid_strm_op_param ();
pjsua_call_vid_strm_op_param_default(¶m);
param.med_idx = 1;
pjsua_call_set_vid_strm(call_id,
PJSUA_CALL_VID_STRM_START_TRANSMIT,
¶m);
}
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
}
``` |
Lopodytes Rondani 1867 is a genus in the family Reduviidae, the assassin bugs. Members of the genus have been unofficially assigned the common name Grass Assassin bugs, but generally this name remains meaningful only to naturalists, because these insects have been too well camouflaged to raise robust public awareness.
Description
Lopodytes species are small-to-medium-sized bugs, measuring between 10 and 20 mm in length. They are however very gracile and elongate in build, with nearly parallel sides, so they are far less massive than most insects of a similar bodily length. Usually they occur in savanna grass and similar vegetation, but on a level surface they generally adopt a very horizontal posture that emphasizes their resemblance to the thread assassins, the Emesinae. They easily may be confused with the Emesinae, but they are somewhat less gracile, typically 50% to 100% larger in linear measurement, and unlike the Emesinae, they do not have raptorial front legs.
In color Lopodytes species generally are a range of dusty greyish yellows to browns, shades that combine with their shape to make them inconspicuous in the partly dried tussock grasses that they normally inhabit. They probably are noticed far less often in the field than when they come to lights at night in certain seasons.
Etymology
The name Lopodytes could well be a source of confusion. It might refer to the Ancient Greek root λοπος, meaning bark or covering, plus δυτης, a diver, suggesting a creature that hides under coverings, but it might more likely derive from λοποδυτατ, an old word for a robber that stripped the clothing off victims.
Furthermore, there is a genus of ducks, Lophodytes which is sufficiently similar in spelling to cause either confusion in reference or errors in typing.
Biology
The biology of Lopodytes species has not been much studied. They appear to be predators of small insects, typical of Reduviid specialised for life in tussock grasses in savanna-like areas. As a rule both sexes are winged, but wingless forms occur. They have been reported to come to lights, but only occasionally. In those species for which observations have been recorded, the eggs are very elongate and are laid on grass stems either singly or in small clusters.
Taxonomy and distribution
The genus Lopodytes is in the order Hemiptera, suborder Heteroptera, family Reduviidae, subfamily Harpactorinae. Some sources give the genus authority as Rondani, 1867, but others credit Stål, 1853, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Fork. 10, p. 263.
The genus is native to the savanna and near-savanna regions of Africa, mainly south of the Sahara.
The following species have been described, some within indicated ranges.
Lopodytes agilis Miller, 1950 Malawi, Botswana, Zimbabwe
Lopodytes arenicola Schouteden, 1932
Lopodytes armatus Villiers, 1948
Lopodytes baoule Villiers, 1965
Lopodytes bequaerti Schouteden, 1913
Lopodytes collarti Schouteden, 1932
Lopodytes dolichomerus Reuter, 1881
Lopodytes flavoniger
Lopodytes grassator Stål, 1853 Zimbabwe, Namibia, Transvaal, Cape, KwaZulu-Natal
Lopodytes kasaicus Schouteden, 1932
Lopodytes katangae Schouteden, 1952
Lopodytes kivuensis Schouteden, 1952
Lopodytes longispinus Villiers, 1945
Lopodytes macellus Villiers, 1952
Lopodytes mashonae Distant, 1903 Zimbabwe
Lopodytes nigrescens Miller, 1950 Tanzania, Zimbabwe
Lopodytes pallida Schouteden, 1932
Lopodytes palustris Linnavuori, 1974
Lopodytes punctulatus Villiers, 1983
Lopodytes quadrispinosus Villiers, 1948
Lopodytes schoutedeni Maldonado, 1953
Lopodytes scopsi Schouteden, 1952
Lopodytes spectabilis Miller, 1941
Lopodytes spiniger Reuter, 1881 Namibia
Lopodytes testaceus Villiers, 1960
Lopodytes transvaalensis Miller, 1956 Northern Transvaal
Lopodytes tuberculatus Villiers, 1948
Lopodytes victoriae Miller, 1956 Zimbabwe
References
Hemiptera genera
Reduviidae
Insects of Africa |
Gambling in Turkey is highly regulated. Turkey banned casinos in 1998, and it banned non-state online gambling in 2006. A state lottery (Milli Piyango) and betting services exists, however, and has some online gambling, and illegal gambling continues to persist.
History
Gambling horses were originally legalised in 1984, and casinos in 1990. New restrictions were introduced in September 1996, including limiting opening hours to 8 hours per day and requiring winnings to be paid by cheque. These followed the July 1996 assassination of "casino king" Ömer Lütfü Topal. A law banning casinos (partly because of accusations of money-laundering) was unexpectedly announced and approved in December 1996 and (following legal action against it) took effect on 11 February 1998. However, illegal casinos continue to exist. At the time of the ban casinos were a $1bn industry employing around 20,000 people. Sudi Özkan, another "casino king" with 20 casinos, left the country for a time, and was accused of siphoning nearly $700m to Switzerland "off the books," eventually returning after making a deal with the Turkish tax authorities.
Online gambling was banned in 2006, but the measures to ban it have had limited success. In 2009 it was estimated that a quarter of Swedish firm Betsson's revenues came from Turkey. In 2013 the Turkish Parliament planned to increase penalties for those using online gambling as well as those enabling financial transactions in relation to online gambling.
Online gambling
Online gambling in Turkey is currently prohibited, with the exception of the state-owned sports betting company, IDDAA, which is the only Turkish entity that is allowed to offer internet gambling services. The law that prohibits online gambling in Turkey was passed in 2007 and recently, Turkey has also been taking measures to prevent players from using foreign internet gambling websites as well. Despite the ban on gambling, many Turkish players continue to bet on online gambling sites and are recognized as leading gamblers. In 2013 Turkish government issued the law by which Turkey has become the first country in the world to target individual players instead of gambling operators. Sanctions for anyone caught in Turkey to access online gambling services is a penalty of between £100 and £500 (about $55–278). Casino operators dealing with the Turkish market and bankers serving them can also face the prison conditions at the same time.
References
Society of Turkey |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.