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William A. Foley (William Auguste "Bill" Foley; born 1949) is an American linguist and professor at Columbia University He was previously located at the University of Sydney. He specializes in Papuan and Austronesian languages. Foley developed Role and Reference Grammar in a partnership with Robert Van Valin. Career In 1986, Foley published The Papuan Languages of New Guinea through Cambridge University Press. In 1991, his book The Yimas Language of New Guinea was published by Stanford University Press. In 1997, his book Anthropological Linguistics, "the first comprehensive textbook in anthropological linguistics" was published with an introduction by Noam Chomsky. Works William A. Foley and Robert D. Van Valin, Jr (1984). Functional syntax and universal grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. William A. Foley (1986). The Papuan Languages of New Guinea. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. . Google Books William A. Foley (1991). The Yimas Language of New Guinea. Stanford: Stanford University Press. William A. Foley (1997). Anthropological Linguistics: an introduction. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. William A. Foley (2005). "Linguistic prehistory in the Sepik - Ramu basin." In: Andrew Pawley, Robert Attenborough, Robin Hide and Jack Golson, eds, Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples, 109–144. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. William A.Foley (2022) "A Sketch Grammar of Kopar". Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton References External links Prof. William A. Foley at the University of Sydney Linguists from the United States Linguists of Austronesian languages Linguists of Southeast Asian languages Linguists of Papuan languages Linguists of Lower Sepik languages Academic staff of the University of Sydney Living people 1949 births Paleolinguists Linguists of Sepik languages
Frederick Leonard Clark (March 19, 1914 – December 5, 1968) was an American film and television character actor, often cast in authoritative roles. Early years Born in Lincoln, California, Clark was the son of Fred Clark Sr. He attended Stanford University with plans to become a doctor, but participation in a college production of Yellow Jack diverted his attention to acting. He changed his major to drama and later received a scholarship to the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. While there, he was elected his class's most promising actor. Career Clark made his film debut in 1947 in The Unsuspected. His 20-year film career included nearly seventy films and numerous television appearances. As a supporting player, with his gruff voice, intimidating build, bald head and small moustache beneath an often scowling visage, he was often cast as a testy film producer, crime boss, landlord, employer, doctor, or general. In 1942 during World War II Clark joined the United States Navy and served as an aviator. He later transferred to the United States Army and served with the Third Army in Europe until the end of the war. Among his films were Ride the Pink Horse (1948), Mr. Peabody and the Mermaid (1948), Flamingo Road (1949), White Heat (1949), Sunset Boulevard (1950), A Place in the Sun (1951), How to Marry a Millionaire (1953), The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell (1955), How to Be Very, Very Popular (1955), Daddy Long Legs (1955), Auntie Mame (1958), and Visit to a Small Planet (1960). Although he continued making films during the 1960s (most notably a large role in Hammer Film Productions' The Curse of the Mummy's Tomb in 1964 and John Goldfarb, Please Come Home in 1965) he was more often seen on television, as a regular on The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show as neighbor Harry Morton (until 1953) and guest roles on The Twilight Zone, The Beverly Hillbillies, Going My Way, The Addams Family, and I Dream of Jeannie. In 1962, he and Bea Benaderet, another Burns and Allen veteran, played Mr. and Mrs. Springer in the episode "Continental Dinner," the series finale of the CBS sitcom Pete and Gladys, starring Harry Morgan and Cara Williams. Clark had a regular but short-lived role in the 1966 ABC sitcom The Double Life of Henry Phyfe as the "Central Intelligence Service" boss of a hapless conscripted spy played by comedian Red Buttons. Clark's Broadway credits included Absence of a Cello (1964), Viva Madison Avenue! (1960), Romanoff and Juliet (1957), Ringside Seat (1938), What a Life (1938), and Schoolhouse on the Lot (1938). Personal life Clark was married to actress Benay Venuta from 1952–1962, then model Gloria Glaser from 1966 until his death from liver disease in Santa Monica, California. Clark has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his work in television, at 1711 Vine Street. Complete filmography The Unsuspected (1947) - Richard Donovan Ride the Pink Horse (1947) - Frank Hugo Fury at Furnace Creek (1948) - Bird Hazard (1948) - Lonnie Burns Two Guys from Texas (1948) - Dr. Straeger Cry of the City (1948) - Lt Collins Alias Nick Beal (1949) - Frankie Faulkner The Younger Brothers (1949) - Daniel Ryckman Flamingo Road (1949) - Doc Waterson White Heat (1949) - The Trader, aka Winston So You Want to Get Rich Quick (1949, Short) - Fastidious Ferguson (uncredited) So You Want to Be an Actor (1949, Short) - Mr. Frisbee (uncredited) The Lady Takes a Sailor (1949) - Victor Santell (uncredited) The Amazing Mr. Malone (1950, TV Movie) Return of the Frontiersman (1950) - Ryan The Eagle and the Hawk (1950) - Basil Danzeeger Sunset Boulevard (1950) - Sheldrake The Jackpot (1950) - Mr. Andrew J. Woodruff Mrs. O'Malley and Mr. Malone (1950) - Tim Marino The Lemon Drop Kid (1951) - Moose Moran A Place in the Sun (1951) - Bellows Hollywood Story (1951) - Sam Collyer Meet Me After the Show (1951) - Timothy 'Tim' Wayne Three for Bedroom "C" (1952) - Johnny Pizer Dreamboat (1952) - Sam Levitt The Stars Are Singing (1953) - McDougall The Caddy (1953) - Mr. Baxter / Old Skinhead Here Come the Girls (1953) - Harry Fraser How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) - Waldo Brewster Living It Up (1954) - Oliver Stone Abbott and Costello Meet the Keystone Kops (1955) - Joseph Gorman, aka Sergei Toumanoff Daddy Long Legs (1955) - Griggs How to Be Very, Very Popular (1955) - B.J. Marshall The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell (1955) - Col. Moreland Miracle in the Rain (1956) - Steven Jalonik The Birds and the Bees (1956) - Horace Hamilton The Solid Gold Cadillac (1956) - Clifford Snell Back from Eternity (1956) - Crimp Joe Butterfly (1957) - Col. E.E. Fuller The Fuzzy Pink Nightgown (1957) - Police Sergeant McBride Don't Go Near the Water (1957) - Lt. Cmdr. Clinton T. Nash Mardi Gras (1958) - Al Curtis Auntie Mame (1958) - Dwight Babcock The Mating Game (1959) - Oliver Kelsey It Started with a Kiss (1959) - Maj. Gen. Tim O'Connell Visit to a Small Planet (1960) - Maj. Roger Putnam Spelding Bells Are Ringing (1960) - Larry Hastings The Passionate Thief (1960) - L'americano La moglie di mio marito (1961) - Mr. Bietti A porte chiuse (1961) - Xatis, il procuratore generale My Darling Judge (1961, TV Movie) Boys' Night Out (1962) - Mr. Bohannon Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man (1962) - Mr. Turner Zotz! (1962) - Gen. Bullivar Young Girls of Good Families (1963) - Mr. Whitehall Move Over, Darling (1963) - Mr. Codd (Hotel Manager) The Curse of the Mummy's Tomb (1964) - Alexander King John Goldfarb, Please Come Home! (1965) - Heinous Overreach Sergeant Deadhead (1965) - General Rufus Fogg When the Boys Meet the Girls (1965) - Bill Dennis Dr. Goldfoot and the Bikini Machine (1965) - D.J. Pevney Due Marines e un Generale (1965) - Gen. Zacharias Eve (1968) - Lucky Burke Skidoo (1968) - A Tower Guard (released posthumously) The Horse in the Gray Flannel Suit (1968) - Tom Dugan I Sailed to Tahiti with an All Girl Crew (1969) - "Generous" Josh (released posthumously) Eddie (1971, TV Movie) - Chief Pike (final film role; released posthumously) References External links American male film actors American male television actors 1914 births 1968 deaths Deaths from hepatitis People from Lincoln, California Male actors from Los Angeles 20th-century American male actors Warner Bros. contract players
The Eastern Fleet was a World War II formation of the British Royal Navy. It was formed from the ships and installations of the East Indies Station and the China Station (which are included in this list), with headquarters at Singapore, moving between Trincomalee and Kilindini after the Japanese advances in south east Asia made Singapore untenable as a naval base. See main article for details. The following lists the warships and support ships of the Fleet, with dates served, fate and nationality. Battleships Battlecruisers Fleet aircraft carriers Escort aircraft carriers Heavy cruisers Light cruisers Anti-aircraft cruisers Armed merchant cruisers Destroyers Frigates Corvettes Minesweepers Monitors Oilers Sloops Submarines Gunboats Torpedo boats Miscellaneous Also to be classified References Notes Bibliography Royal navy escort carriers U-boat.net: records of Allied warships Royal Navy day-by-day in WWII Lemaire's Naval Encyclopedia of World War 2 China gunboats Fleet Air Arm aircraft carrier database http://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk/BPF-EIF/index.htm Lists of Royal Navy ships Fleets of the Royal Navy Military units and formations of the Royal Navy in World War II Lists of Royal Navy units and formations World War II orders of battle Lists of World War II ships
Justin Gordon Holt (19 April 1930 – 20 July 2009) was an audio engineer and the founder of Stereophile magazine, and is widely considered to be the founder of the high-end audio movement, which promoted the philosophy of judging sound quality by subjective tests, generally with "cost no object" sound components, including loudspeakers, turntables, amplifiers, vacuum tube components, cables, and other devices. Known as "JGH" (from his byline in published reviews and articles), Holt established a reputation for veracity, often-controversial opinions, passionate critiques, and journalistic integrity. He also pioneered the concept of the yearly "Recommended Components" list, providing a thumbnail summary of reviews for audiophiles looking for the finest sound components available at any price. Holt also came up with "Holt's Law," the theory that the better the recording, the worse the musical performance—and vice versa. Early years Justin Gordon Holt was born on April 19, 1930, in Charlotte, North Carolina, and adopted when he was two years of age by Justin Gordon Holt (Sr.) and his wife Katherine (née Hart). Through DNA testing and genealogy research, Holt's son was able to confirm that Gordon was from the Beam and Houser families of North Carolina. His family moved to Melbourne, Australia in 1937 for his father's work, and stayed there through World War II. From 1936 to 1946 Gordon attended the prestigious Melbourne private school Scotch College, returning to the U.S. after his father's sudden death from a stroke on 9 August 1946. J. Gordon Holt's father bore such a striking resemblance to famed gangster Al Capone that he was stopped and questioned by a customs official. During his years in Australia his mother worked as the head of the USO for the Australian Red Cross, and his father worked for a textile company. Gordon attended Nether Providence High School in Wallingford, Pennsylvania, and attended Lehigh University with the intent of becoming an engineer. After discovering he "couldn't hack the math," Gordon switched his major to Journalism. He graduated in 1953 with a BA. He spent a few years struggling as a cartoonist, and writing the occasional article for High Fidelity magazine, which later offered him a position. Family Gordon married Mary Elizabeth "Polly" Norton on May 25, 1968, in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. Their first child, Alicia Darroch Holt, was born on January 21, 1970. Their second child, Justin Charles Holt, was born on April 18, 1972. The Holt family moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico, in 1979, after taking a trip and falling in love with the area. Mary and Gordon underwent a separation in 1983, with Mary and their children moving to Boulder, Colorado, and Gordon remaining in Santa Fe. Mary was diagnosed with lung cancer in August 1988, and died on March 19, 1989. During this time, Gordon moved to Boulder to care for her and their children, and spent the rest of his life there. Stereophile magazine Holt worked as an editor and critic for Audiocraft and High Fidelity magazines in the mid-1950s through the early 1960s, and wrote numerous articles and reviews on amplifiers, receivers, turntables, tape recorders, and other high-fidelity sound components. After departing the magazine over editorial differences—what he later claimed were disputes between High Fidelity'''s editorial and advertising staff—Holt founded Stereophile magazine in 1962 while living in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. The magazine quickly established a market over the next decade, expanding from a small pamphlet-sized, hand-typed booklet to issues approaching a hundred pages. Holt was one of the first audio critics to provide in-depth details on his listening environment, with details on room acoustics, microphones, and other technical matters, departing from the mass-market slant of competitors such as Stereo Review, Audio Magazine, and his alma mater High Fidelity. Holt's engaging writing style and emphasis on audio engineering made his articles authoritative while still remaining accessible to consumers and audiophiles. "JGH" (as he referred to himself in print) was often skeptical of wildly successful audio components such as Bose speakers, and often created controversy with passionate reviews and articles on a variety of technical subjects. The high-end audio movement exploded during the 1970s, with manufacturers such as Audio Research, Magnepan, Infinity, and many others finding great success among well-heeled customers during the decade. After a move to Santa Fe, New Mexico, where Holt constructed an elaborate listening and audio testing room in his home, he spent the decade covering such cutting-edge developments as Dynagroove, Quadraphonic sound, magnetic tape formats, and digital sound, and also reviewed hundreds of audio components. Holt also developed a vocabulary to describe subtle differences between audio components, using terms like "warm" or "harsh" to describe different characters and tonalities. (Holt later wrote "The Audio Glossary", which clarified and defined many of these terms for the benefit of audiophiles and enthusiasts.) By the late 1970s, Stereophiles own success led to business difficulties, chiefly in getting the magazine distributed on a regular schedule, which created a myriad of financial problems. Holt sold the magazine to businessman Larry Archibald in 1982 for $5,000 (paid in fifty $100 bills), who expanded the magazine, hired a large staff, and eventually increased Stereophile's circulation to 60,000 readers by the late 1980s. The magazine was sold to Petersen Publishing in June 1998. The success of Stereophile in the late 1960s and early 1970s inspired New York writer & reviewer Harry Pearson to start a rival publication, The Absolute Sound, which quickly became a very influential high-end magazine. Pearson, who was an avid admirer of Holt's early work, has stated that he started The Absolute Sound because he wanted to "prompt Gordon to more consistent production of his own [magazine]." TAS (as it was called) embraced the so-called "subjective audio" philosophy, which placed an emphasis on the sound of components as a system, eschewing the technical measurements used by Stereo Review and other mass-market magazines. TAS and Stereophile were arguably the Time magazine and Newsweek of the high-end audio industries throughout the 1970s and 1980s, and both thrived on highly critical reviews, editorials, and articles which tended to polarize readers and advertisers.'Holt tried to start a new publication in the late 1980s, LaserNews, a newsletter intended to cover the emerging home video industry of VCRs, laserdisc players, and large-screen television technology. He was unable to interest the Stereophile management in video-related topics, and kept the magazine going until about 1990, where he folded it due to ongoing business and distribution problems. Stereophile belatedly started a video-related magazine in 1994, Stereophile Guide to Home Theater, which continues online as Ultimate A/V.Holt occasionally wrote reviews for both Stereophile and Absolute Sound'' in the 1990s, and was a frequent visitor to the annual Consumer Electronic Shows throughout the decade. Holt frequently expressed bitterness that the high-end audio business refused to embrace double blind testing, which he was convinced would legitimize the scientific process of evaluating sound quality, for example stating in 2007 that "As far as the real world is concerned, high-end audio lost its credibility during the 1980s, when it flatly refused to submit to the kind of basic honesty controls (double-blind testing, for example) that had legitimized every other serious scientific endeavor since Pascal." Holt resigned from Stereophile in 1999 to pursue freelance writing, but remained an active participant in the Audio Engineering Society and other industry organizations. Death J. Gordon Holt was as well known for his smoking as he was for his passionate writing, and smoked two-and-a-half packs a day starting when he was seventeen. He was diagnosed with tonsil cancer shortly after his wife's death in 1990, and had a successful surgery shortly thereafter, although he continued to smoke believing that the cancer was likely to kill him anyway. Ten years later, Holt was diagnosed with emphysema. He quit smoking, but it took his life on July 20, 2009. He died at home with his daughter and son present. External links Stereophile homepage selected J. Gordon Holt articles & reviews Larry Archibald pays tribute to J. Gordon Holt The Absolute Sound homepage References 1930 births 2009 deaths American magazine publishers (people) American magazine editors
The Balmoral bonnet (in Scottish English or Balmoral cap otherwise, and formerly called the Kilmarnock bonnet) is a traditional Scottish hat that can be worn as part of formal or informal Highland dress. Developed from the earlier blue bonnet, dating to at least the 16th century, it takes the form of a knitted, soft wool cap with a flat crown. It is named after Balmoral Castle, a royal residence in Scotland. It is an alternative to the similar and related (informal) Tam o' Shanter cap and the (formal or informal) Glengarry bonnet. Design Originally with a voluminous crown, today, the bonnet is smaller, made of finer cloth, and tends to be dark blue, black, or Lovat green. Ribbons in or attached to the back of the band (originally used to secure the bonnet tightly) are sometimes worn hanging from the back of the cap. A regimental or clan badge is worn on the left-hand side, affixed to a silk or grosgrain ribbon cockade (usually black, white, or red), with the bonnet usually worn tilted to the right to display this emblem. The centre of the crown features a toorie, traditionally red. Some versions have a diced band (usually red and white check) around the lower edge's circumference. History As worn by Scottish Highland regiments, the blue bonnet (common civilian headwear) gradually developed into two military forms. One was the Balmoral/Kilmarnock bonnet, illustrated clearly, complete with ribbon cockade and small toorie (pompon), around 1744. The other was a taller, stiffened felt cylinder, often decorated with an ostrich-plume hackle sweeping over the crown from left to right (as well as flashes of bearskin or painted turkey hackles). The dividing line between the blue bonnet and the Balmoral/Kilmarnock is unclear. A mid-18th-century portrait of Lord George Murray shows a black cap essentially indistinguishable from a Balmoral, but sometimes described as a "blue bonnet". In the 19th century, the taller version of the military cap evolved into the extravagant full dress feather bonnet. Meanwhile, the plainer, flatter form continued in use, as an undress cap, until the mid-19th century. By then known as the Kilmarnock bonnet, it was officially replaced by the Glengarry bonnet, which had been in use unofficially since the late eighteenth century and was essentially a folding side cap version of the cylindrical military cap. The name "Balmoral", as applied to the traditional headdress, appears to date from the late 19th century. Balmorals were described in 1842 as having become common civilian headwear "worn pretty generally by ploughmen, carters and boys of the humbler ranks". In 1903, a blue bonnet in traditional style but with a stiffened crown was adopted briefly by some Lowland regiments as full-dress headgear. After the Second World War, while all other Scottish regiments chose the Glengarry, a soft blue Balmoral was adopted as full dress headgear by the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) and was worn with the green no. 1 dress jacket and with khaki no. 2 or service dress. As part of the amalgamation of the Scottish regiments in 2006, the military Balmoral was done away with; all battalions of the Royal Regiment of Scotland now wear the Glengarry. Use of the Balmoral has been championed by songwriter Richard Thompson, who uses it on stage, in addition to its traditional place in Highland dress. North American usage All Canadian highland regiments, e.g. the 48th Highlanders of Canada, the Nova Scotia Highlanders, and the Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada, as well as the officers, warrant officers and senior non-commissioned officers of the Calgary Highlanders wear the Balmoral. It has also been recorded as being worn unofficially by Confederate soldiers in the American Civil War. Other usage The Hong Kong Police Band bagpipes section wears a black and red version. The Balmoral is widely used as a part of a uniform in Army Cadets and pipe band. It is also used as an element of formal highland dress. References Bonnets (headgear) British Army equipment Caps Military of Scotland British military uniforms Highland dress Scottish headgear
"Enough to Get Away" is the first single from Joseph Arthur's 2006 album Nuclear Daydream. In the US, the album was released on September 19, 2006. In the UK, both Nuclear Daydream and the follow-up album Let's Just Be were released on September 3, 2007. The AA-side "Diamond Ring" is the album version, taken from Let's Just Be. The album version of "Enough to Get Away" also appeared as a B-side to Joseph's 2007 single "Honey and the Moon." The 7" single is pressed on light cream-colored vinyl and is limited edition numbered. Joseph discussed "Enough to Get Away" in an interview with Newsday: Track listing 7" vinyl (JA07V): "Enough to Get Away" – 2:47 "Diamond Ring" – 3:26 Notes "Enough to Get Away" written and produced by Joseph Arthur. "Diamond Ring" written by Joseph Arthur and Kraig Jarret Johnson. Produced by Joseph Arthur and The Lonely Astronauts. References Joseph Arthur songs 2007 singles Songs written by Joseph Arthur 2006 songs 14th Floor Records singles
is a Japanese tokusatsu television series that began airing April 5, 2008, on TV Aichi. It is the first Tomica Hero series based on Takara Tomy's Tomica toy car line. The characters use Tomica's and to help save people from Super-Disasters and battle the evil causing them. It is the second tokusatsu series that Takara Tomy has been involved in following Madan Senki Ryukendo. It is directed by , and written by and , the same team behind Ryukendo. A film for Tomica Hero: Rescue Force was released in December 2008. Characters The United Fire-Defense Agency/Rescue Force The second-generation is a special in the or "UFDA", which is a branch of the . Based on the Hyper Rescue group, the Rescue Force is deployed to protect human lives from various disasters too extreme for normal rescue workers. By the time of Rescue Fire's formation, the Rescue Force is transferred to Europe branch. Normally stationed at the in , whenever the artificial satellite detects a Super-Disaster, Rescue Phoenix switches from to to carry the Rescue Force and the best situational choice of the Rescue Vehicles to the disaster site. The Rescue Phoenix assumes upon landing, when launching the Core Striker Max. Each of the Rescue Force members has an orange suit, but they each have different colored armor. : Donning blue armor, Hikaru was originally the hot-blooded rookie member of the Rescue Force. Within a year, he was transferred to the team from a special rescue academy for his excellence in emergency vehicle operations. Being in the Rescue Force was his childhood dream since his time in Kuresato where he met Ryuji, believing in saving lives as an absolute. Hikaru eventually finds his predecessor's failed project and succeeds in gaining a new form, , which has a white suit with orange accents and translucent blue chest armor. At one point, while taking a vacation to Kiyoizawa, Hikaru crosses paths with the weather lady he saved, Kirara, and Ryuuji, who is volunteer working for the city. While saving one of the boys under Ryuji's care during the Kiyoizawa crisis, Hikaru reaffirms his vow to always save lives from Super Disasters no matter what, as well as inspiring the boy to join the Rescue Force when he grows up. Before the team goes their separate ways, Hikaru and company visit a school to talk about rescue until the Executives unintentionally cause a gas leak. Though affected by the gas, Hikaru regains his courage thanks to the Executives risking themselves. In the epilogue, Hikaru is the only active member of the current Rescue Force remaining before being transferred to Europe. : Donning silver armor, Kyosuke is the trusted cheerful and easygoing member of the Rescue Force. Despite this personality, Kyosuke is always willing to risk himself for the successful completion of any rescue. Following the tornado incident, Kyosuke wishes to drive a Rescue Vehicle like Hikaru. After discovering the existence of the Rescue Saver, Kyosuke is assigned to be its driver after showing his stuff in the End Crisis Maker incident. Kyosuke showed that same spirit, along with his childhood skills as a sumo, to bring the Rescue Dozer out. He played sumo wrestling with his schoolmate, Yokozuna. After leaving the Rescue Force a month later, he joins a local fire department like his predecessor had. : Donning red armor, Rei is the cool female member of the Rescue Force from the SAT who has a sense of duty and is excellent in martial arts, though she has a phobia of small animals. In time, she comes to understand that she needs to rescue not just people, but their smiles as well. She also likes to drive a Rescue Vehicle, attempting to get her Rescue Vehicle License during the Dark Aurora crisis when she was driving a dekotora with explosives out of harm's way. As a result, she learns that she needs to be as serious a driver as she is as a rescuer. During a Super Disaster, Rei meets a boy named Teppei and his father, a guidance counselor. When the father nearly dies with no-one nearby to help, she assists Teppei over the phone on how to save him. After leaving the Rescue Force, she serves as a training instructor of the UFDA rescue training school, and is living with Teppei and his father. : Donning white armor, Juri is the kindhearted gung-ho female member of the Rescue Force, specializing in medical rescue. When executing the , she displays herculean strength in desperate times. While in the fourth grade, Juri fell in love with a boy named Yuto Fukuzawa. She eventually meets him in present day, with Yuto offering her his hand in marriage. However, while on a rescue mission soon after hearing Yuto is endangered, Juri is devastated when she finds him to have become a petty coward instead of the prince she imagined. She is later visited by her grandfather who questioned her choice of livelihood and intended to take her back to Hakata. But though he accepts her choice, Juri understands her grandfather more and promises to visit him at a later time. After leaving the Rescue Force, she serves as an assistant to Captain General. : Eiji is the captain of the Rescue Force, who makes the call for Final Rescues to be executed. He was an original member of the Rescue Force as the black armored R5, and rarely suits up in the present due to switching to a gruff and rash personality and acting without restraint until Hikaru snaps him out of it. When told that he would be transferred to the Euro branch in Paris to aid in the case of more natural Super-Disasters, Ishiguro originally considered making Kyosuke the new captain of Rescue Force. But prior to being heavily wounded by Sica in a sneak attack, Ishiguro made Hikaru his replacement instead. However, Ishiguro eventually turned down the position and resumed being the Rescue Force captain while unaware that he failed in the French written examination that was important to his transfer. In the epilogue, Eiji remains captain of the Rescue Force before being transferred to Europe. He has a brother named Eiichi who trained the Rescue Studies Squad, the children who want to be like the Rescue Force. : A higher up in the United Fire-Defense Agency and the original R4, her real name being , or to her friends. Being the top of her class, she traveled aboard before returning to Japan to become a member of the first Rescue Force, gaining a habit of speaking English while on the front lines. After leaving the team, she studied to assume her current position, meeting soccer player King Era, whom she eventually married. Due to the UFDA responsibilities, she only manages to spend extensive time with her family once a year. She gives the mobilization order to the Rescue Force from UFDA headquarters, meeting the Rescue Force live when Eiji was depressed over his actions as R5. Later, around the time King retires from Soccer, she aids the Rescue Force against the last Zukcrane by suiting up into , the original R4 suit with a red RU mark, silver accents on the chest and helmet, and a blue visor opposed to the standard yellow. : The who appears to aid the Rescue Force during the Mach Train incident. As R0, he dons golden armor over an orange suit with black lines. He uses the Rescue Zamber and the Zero Fire before they are added to the main group's arsenal. He also appears in Tomica Hero Rescue Fire. : The original R3, she is the chief of United Fire-Defense Agency's , and is also the chief of United Fire-Defense Agency's created to understand the Neo Thera. : She is the chief of United Fire-Defense Agency's , modifying the suits of R1-R4 to resist the residual waves of energy from the Terra Resetters and perfecting the R1 Max system. : The head of United Fire-Defense Agency's vehicle maintenance, he considers the Rescue Vehicles his children. He kept the Rescue Dozer in storage until it made its first successive rescue. : The creditable adviser of the United Fire-Defense Agency belonging to the . He considers himself the "father" of the Rescue Force, creating the arsenal they use. His son works as a part-time janitor at the United Fire-Defense Agency, posing as his father at one point to meet the Rescue Force out of his admiration for them. : A new Rescue Force cadet from the Main National 3rd Rescue Squad who arrives in the disaster site when the Rescue Force is in the middle of a rescue that overwhelms them. Being an elite to be sent to the Euro branch, Yuki is placed under Hikaru's guidance to undergo training. Feeling that he was better than Hikaru, Yuki was confused why Hikaru was in the Rescue Force until seeing him in action. He eventually left for France, taking Hikaru's goal to protect all lives and smiles to heart. : An AI being developed to aid the Rescue Force, he was raised by Rei to have a human mind and be full of passion. However, a rewriting of a flaw in Kai's programing resulting in a fear of death led to him being inflicted with a virus, causing him to activate the Defense System to trap everyone in the building. As the other Rescue Force members make their way into the research building, Rei attempts to contact Kai with his favorite book which he grew to hate because its title character chose to die. But after Rei explains the story's message behind its ending, Kai was about to free her and the others when Maen re-inflicts Kai to overload his core. Kai manages to regain enough control to let R1 Max shut him down for good. : The original R2 a decade ago, Kamiya attempted to rescue a family, saving only the son, Masaki, before being forced to deal with a Super Disaster as the rescue workers took over for him. But learning the family died with Masaki as the only survivor, Kamiya leaves the Rescue Force and becomes the head of the fire station of Shizuka Village. Overtime, Kamiya came to realize he made a difference preventing regular disasters, and helps Kyosuke learn the lesson. Neo Terror The is an evil organization which causes , working incognito until the events of episode 6 reveals their existence as the culprit of the disasters. Under its creator Daen, with Batsu pulling the strings, the Neo Thera exists to "reset the Earth". Their original base of operations is an air fortress that hides within the clouds until the time of Daen's death, now traveling across the country under Maen's leadership until she reveals herself as Batsu. : They were created by Daen to carry out the task of destroying the Earth unnoticed until the End Crisis Maker incident where they are scrapped. However, Daen rebuilds the trio with new bodies more suited to fighting as well as later gaining the ability to assume human form. Since Daen's death, the executives use the Dark Commander that AI Daen left them to find their new master, Maen, who recharges them at every city they make their way towards. After acquiring the Omeganium for her, the Executives are unwillingly hot-wired into the Omega Zukcrane's systems until just prior to its destruction, when Maen sics them on Juri and Rei. However, the three are defeated by the girls' combo attack. Once learning of Maen's true identity, the trio is discarded as she had no need for them. The three are soon taken to the Rescue Force HQ, to allow the scientists to analyze Batsu from their memory. In the aftermath of the Batsu crisis, having been partially recharged, the Executives come back to life and break out of the Rescue Force HQ to find a battery charger, causing a fear-inducing gas that leaks in a nearby school and starts a fire within it. Losing their grip on reality, they chase after a girl whom they think to be Maen, scaring her onto the edge of the school's roof. They ask Hikaru to save her before they shut down, having realized that Maen is gone, and actually enjoying their first rescue. The three are later recharged and begin working for the UFDA under the Supreme Commander. : She is a gynoid who performs strategic command as the leader of the three executives. She is armed with a whip and is able to create a barrier. She battles Kyosuke during the End Crisis incident, overpowering him until she is destroyed when her barrier collapsed in midst of the End Crisis Maker's destruction. She is later rebuilt with a fighting mode, , and intends to get payback from Kyosuke. In the series epilogue, Maare is recruited to the UFDA as head maid. Maare's name comes from the Japanese word for and is symbolized by gold. : He is an intellectual officer type android who analyzes a situation, usually reading the Crisis Maker instruction sheet. Due to the Mt. Nanairo incident, the Rescue Force learns of his and Sica's existence. Using the data gathered by himself and the others, he creates the End Crisis Maker. He confronts R2, R3, and R4 when they make their way to End Crisis Maker, overwhelming R3 and R4 with his martial arts skill until they turn the tables and dump their detonating bombs on him while he is pinned under rubble. He is later rebuilt with a fighting mode, , and is armed with twin daggers and a Zaansu Pickaxe. San attempts to steal the Resetter Stone from World Museum at East City, intending to use it to create a new strong Terra Resetter. But he drops it while taking his leave as the Terra Resetter he arrived on activates. San's name comes from the Japanese word for and is symbolized by silver. : He is a power type android with excellent strength and ironclad body defense. During the End Crisis Maker incident, Sica attempts to destroy the Rescue Turbo when R1 battles him, scrapping him with the Rescue Crusher's Mantis Impact. He is later rebuilt with a fighting mode, , and is armed with knuckle weapons and a Gonsu Hammer. Being a big fan of boxing champ Daisuke Naito, Sica expresses some reluctance when Maen decides to put a Super-Disaster in Kurei City where Naito's match is to take place. He battles R1 in a Super-Disaster Title Match with the city at stake and Naito as a neutral witness, getting KO'd. He is also a fan of idol Eri Hasayama and owns all her albums, meeting her when he and others kidnapped Juri who was posing as Eri. Sica's name comes from the Japanese word for and is symbolized by copper. : The mass-produced android foot soldiers built by San to interfere with the Rescue Force and set up the Crisis Makers. They are later upgraded into armored . Three Great Executives' Axts have gold, silver, or copper lines, while Daen's Axts have red lines, and Maen's Axts have red lines, bunches, and ribbons. : The golden masked leader of the Neo Thera, he is actually a human named , the original R1 and Ishiguro's senpai. As a member of the original team, he was responsible for creating many of the vehicles and the failed R1 Max Development Program. In the middle of a rescue mission at a foreign lab researching a new energy, Obuchi learned the energy was to be used for military reasons and caused a man-made volcanic eruption that supposedly killed him. However, Obuchi survived and became an unknowing host to Batsu, who intensified his hatred of humans with a passion, as he sees that their polluting of the Earth is the reason for many of the disasters his team were formed for in the first place. Over the next decade, Daen creates the Neo Thera and sends the Crisis Makers to the Executives, until he eventually reveals himself and uses his knowledge of the present Rescue Force arsenal to have an early advantage over the new team, developing an interest in Hikaru for being the new R1. After a failed attempt to force Ishiguro to save him, though it meant the continued suffering of many, Daen uses his kidnapped former teammates to turn his base into a Giant Terra Resetter as well as repair his R1 suit, using it to target the Rescue Force one by one before attacking Ishiguro. But once he sees Hikaru succeed where he failed in achieving R1 Max form, Batsu leaves Obuchi's body. Attempting to redeem himself for his actions as Daen, Obuchi gives Ishiguro his cane before he sacrifices himself to take his base out of the atmosphere and activates the base's self-destruct mechanism. Through the cane, Obuchi's redemption and dream is realized with the birth of the Rescue Max system. Daen's name comes from the Japanese word for . Batsu An ancient nanocomputer that existed on Earth for 600 million years, watched over the newly born planet until humanity came into being and disrupted the natural order. As he attempted to steer their actions in the guise of various deities, Batsu came to the conclusion that mankind must die so the Earth can be saved. In the form of a mermaid of light, Batsu enters Obuchi's body and amplifies the man's malice, giving him the means to create the Neo Thera. After Daen's defeat, Batsu left him and assumed the guise of , a female solid hologram with a moody spoiled brat persona dressed in Gothic Lolita fashion. Claiming to be created by Daen, Maen uses the Executives to continue where Daen failed, making the call for a Zukcrane to be activated. Upon defeat, Maen leaves for the next town with a new recharge for the Executives once they make it to her location to start anew. Maen eventually reveals herself to the Rescue Force during the Kurei City incident, suggesting a Super-Disaster Title Match with the promise to stop her attack on the city. However, she adds a second round involving the Zukcrane causing the disaster. Later at Academia City, Maen attempts to have her Zukcrane take out the Rescue Max in a diversion while the executives obtain the Omeganium she requested. Once getting it, she uses both it and them to complete her Omega Zukcrane to carry out her master plan. But the plan goes awry when she is forced to directly link up to her creation, going down when it is destroyed. Maen also aided the insane Mataro Madano/Dr. Mado, but regretted her choice of teaming up with a human when he screwed up. Deciding to finish things and achieve her goal, Maen uses a mass firestorm to lure Super Rescue Max Crane into executing its Final Rescue, taking in enough energy to finally discard her guise and assume her true form as Batsu before scattering its being across the planet to commit global-scale genocide of the human race, while the main body remained in Japan with a barrier around it. Though the Great God Striker is able to pierce the barrier stop Batsu's plan, it was a step ahead of the UFDA's attempt with its unforeseen ability to regenerate from even the smallest remains making the battle seem hopeless. However, refusing to accept defeat, R1 and the Rescue Striker manage to enter Batsu's body and destroy it from the inside out. Batsu's name comes from the Japanese word for , seen by the cross mounted on its back, while Maen's name comes from the Japanese word for . Rescue Vehicles Rescue Striker The is R1's large-scale water truck Rescue Vehicle, which carries four small-scale Rescue Vehicles to the disaster site. By itself, the Rescue Striker's Final Rescue is called the , in which it shoots a jet stream of water with freezing ability. The Rescue Striker can also execute Hyper Up with the medium-scale Rescue Vehicles for more power. The Rescue Striker forms the torso of both Rescue Max and Super Rescue Max, with the Core Striker as the robot's brain. It is destroyed in the final fight with Batsu, with a new one built a month later. : A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Riser. Its Final Rescue is the , in which it shoots twin jet streams of freezing water at distant targets. : A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Shovel. Its Final Rescue is a crash attack called the , in which its shovel claw pulls the target out away from any obstructions for easy dispatching. : A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Drill. Its Final Rescue is called the , which can drill through rock at high speed. : A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Turbo. Its Final Rescue is called the , which generates a tornado that counters any Super-Disaster. : A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Dozer. Its Final Rescue is called the , which is able to crush anything between the jaws formed by the grill and dump bed of the Rescue Dozer. : A super large-scale Rescue Vehicle. A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Saver and five medium-scale Rescue Vehicles (sans Rescue Crane), created exclusively to deal with the Omega Zukcrane. However, the removal of mechanical restraints proved to be taxing on the vehicles to the point of engines breaking if the combination is not cancelled in time. Its Final Rescue is called the , a self-sacrificing move that does not use a Rescue Card for execution. : A super large-scale Rescue Vehicle. A combination of the Rescue Striker with the Rescue Saver, the Rescue Diver, and all six medium-scale Rescue Vehicles, created exclusively to deal with Batsu, and piloted by all five members of the Rescue Force. Its Super Final Rescue is . Rescue Saver The is R2's large-scale all-terrain armored Rescue Vehicle. By itself, the Rescue Saver's Final Rescue is called the , in which it shoots a cannonball of freezing water. It is able to split into four smaller vehicles, and can execute "Rescue Combine" with the medium-scale Rescue Vehicles for more power. The Rescue Saver forms the limbs and head of Rescue Max. : A combination of the Rescue Saver with the Rescue Riser. Its Final Rescue is the Riser Splash, in which it shoots twin jetstreams of freezing water at distant targets. : A combination of the Rescue Saver with the Rescue Shovel. Its Final Rescue is a crash attack called Shovel Crash, in which its shovel claw pulls the target out away from any obstructions for easy dispatching. : A combination of the Rescue Saver with the Rescue Drill. Its Final Rescue is called the Drill Boost, which can drill through rock at high speed. : A combination of the Rescue Saver with the Rescue Turbo. Its Final Rescue is called the Turbo Tornado, which generates a tornado that counters any Super-Disaster. : A combination of the Rescue Saver with the Rescue Dozer. Its Final Rescue is called the Dozer Drive, which is able to crush anything between the jaws formed by the grill and dump bed of Rescue Dozer. Rescue Diver The is R2's new large-scale armored Rescue Vehicle, completed during the Mach Train incident, able to assume and . By itself, the Rescue Diver's Final Rescue is called the , in which it shoots eight freezing missiles. It is the successor vehicle of the Rescue Saver, based around its design, and forms most of Super Rescue Max. It is able separable into four smaller vehicles, and can execute "Rescue Combine" with the medium-scale Rescue Vehicles for more power. It is piloted by R5 during its appearances in Rescue Fire. : A combination of the Rescue Diver with the Rescue Striker outside of Super Rescue Max. : A combination of the Rescue Diver with the Rescue Riser. Its Final Rescue is Riser Splash, in which it shoots twin jetstreams of freezing water at distant targets. : A combination of the Rescue Diver with the Rescue Shovel. Its Final Rescue is a crash attack called Shovel Crash, in which its shovel claw pulls the target out away from any obstructions for easy dispatching. : A combination of the Rescue Diver with the Rescue Drill. Its Final Rescue is called the Drill Boost, which can drill through rock at high speed. : A combination of the Rescue Diver with the Rescue Turbo. Its Final Rescue is called the Turbo Tornado, which generates a tornado that counters any Super-Disaster. : A combination of the Rescue Diver with the Rescue Dozer. Its Final Rescue is called the Dozer Drive, which is able to crush anything between the jaws formed by the grill and dump bed of Rescue Dozer. Rescue Max The is a super large-scale humanoid robot created when the Rescue Striker and the Rescue Saver "Max Combine". Its design was developed by Obuchi before his change into Daen. However, learning that his cane contained Obuchi's designs, the UFDA secretly made the modifications on both the Striker and Saver vehicles during the lack of the Neo Thera activity until it resumed six months later. Its Final Rescue, the , allows it to freeze the target before bursting it into pieces with its fists. : A combination of Rescue Max with one of Rescue Drill's side drills and the Rescue Dozer becoming shoulder armor. Its Final Rescue, the , allows it to fling an opponent into the air and burst through it with the drill. Super Rescue Max The is a robot created when the Rescue Striker and the Rescue Diver "Max Combine". Its Final Rescue is the , which freezes the target before bursting through it with the drill. : A combination of Super Rescue Max with the Rescue Crane. Its attacks are the Max Crane Thrust and the Super Max Kick. Its Final Rescue is the , in which it uses the drill to unleash a freeze wave before using the crane to pierce the frozen target. It then drags the target back so Super Rescue Max can finish the job with its drill. Zero Fire The is R5's super large-scale carrier Rescue Vehicle with a large container with the four which can carry five medium-scale Rescue Vehicles. It was originally R0's vehicle in the movie. Medium-scale Rescue Vehicles : A hook/ladder truck which throws water from the apex of the ladder. : A drag shovel which can transform into . : A tank-like vehicle with twin drills and a cutoff saw on top. : A large green blower vehicle with a turbofan on it. : A black dump truck which can transform into from . Rescue Dozer is the most powerful of the five vehicles. Though the original Rescue Force was unable to use it due to safety concerns, Kyosuke managed to convince Bunji Saeki to deploy it. : A skyblue crane. Small-scale Rescue Vehicles : A Nissan 300ZX police car with AI which is R1's personal car and serves as the cockpit of Rescue Striker. It refers to its driver as "New Face" and is amazed by Hikaru's unpredictable actions to save lives. Feeling that it couldn't keep up with Hikaru as a result, Core Striker asks Ishiguro to replace him. However, in a dangerous gamble, Ishiguro agrees to upgrade the Core Striker into the , a Nissan 350Z, so it can continue to aid Hikaru, now referring to him by his code name R1. In this form, the Core Striker's speed is increased to reach speeds of 600 mph when it is launched through Rescue Phoenix's Spiral Catapult Mode. When its limiter is removed, the Core Striker Max reaches nearly dangerous speeds beyond 120% engine power. A second Core Striker frame is used by R3 to pilot the Great God Striker. : R4's Nissan Paramedic ambulance with AI and lifesaving machinery. : A driverless water truck for firefighting that also serves as a scout. Based on the Dual Fighter Dragon used by the Fire Rescue Task Forces of Tokyo Fire Department. : A driverless excavator for obstacle removing that also serves as a scout. Based on the Dual Fighter Saver used by the Fire Rescue Task Forces of Tokyo Fire Department. : A Nissan X-Trail police SUV with AI which is R2's personal car and serves as the cockpit of Rescue Saver. It is later upgraded into the that serves as the cockpit of Rescue Diver. A second Core Saver frame is used by R4 to pilot the Great God Striker. : R3's personal Nissan Note with AI. : A police car with AI which is R5's personal car and serves as the cockpit of Zero Fire. It is a vehicle entitled for use only by the Rescue Force's captain. : A police car with AI which is R0's personal car and serves as the cockpit of Zero Fire during the Mach Train incident. It also possesses its own Suit Up chamber that Reiji uses to become R0. Rescue Tools Rescue Commander The is an electronic pad used for reading Rescue Cards, communicating with the Rescue Phoenix, searching a disaster site, and transmitting data collected at a disaster site to the Rescue Phoenix. Max Commander The is R1's personal electronic pad used to transform into R1 Max. Rescue Card The are used by the Rescue Force, slashed through the Rescue Commander. While the card (R1, R5) and the card (R2, R3, R4) are used by all members to suit up while in the Rescue Phoenix, R1 and R2 use the other cards to activate the mecha they use in their missions. The card is used by R1, slashed through the Max Commander. : The powerful attack for the Rescue Crusher Mantis Mode. : The powerful attack for the Rescue Crusher Whale Mode. : The powerful attack for the Drill Crusher. : The Core Striker/Core Striker Max or the Rescue Striker are started up from the Rescue Phoenix. : The Rescue Striker/Saver/Diver and the medium-scale Rescue Vehicles are combined. : The Rescue Striker and Rescue Saver/Diver are combined. The (Super) Rescue Max can reuse this card to combine with any medium-scale Rescue Vehicles. : All Rescue Vehicles are dispatched, with their combination limits removed. : The Rescue Phoenix is started up. : The Rescue Striker is started up. : The Rescue Saver is started up. : The Rescue Diver is started up. : The Zero Fire is started up. : The Rescue Riser is started up. : The Rescue Shovel is started up. : The Rescue Drill is started up. : The Rescue Turbo is started up. : The Rescue Dozer is started up. : The Rescue Crane is started up. : The Core Striker is started up. : The Core Striker Max is started up. : The Core Aider is started up. : The Wave Search is started up. : The Power Search is started up. : The Core Saver is started up. : The Core Diver is started up. : The Core Search is started up. : The Core Striker Captain is started up. : The Core Striker Fire is started up. : Final Rescue for the Rescue Striker. : Final Rescue for the Rescue Saver. : Final Rescue for the Rescue Diver. : Final Rescue for the Riser Striker/Saver/Diver. : Final Rescue for the Shovel Striker/Saver/Diver. : Final Rescue for the Drill Striker/Saver/Diver. : Final Rescue for the Turbo Striker/Saver/Diver. : Final Rescue for the Dozer Striker/Saver/Diver. : Final Rescue for the Rescue Max. : Final Rescue for the Rescue Max/Rescue Phoenix combo. Uses the "Max Cannon" card. : Final Rescue for the Rescue Max Drill-Dozer. : Final Rescue for the Super Rescue Max. : Final Rescue for the Super Rescue Max Crane. : Summons Rescue Striker to refuel Core Striker Max. Upgraded Rescue Shovel: Summons the upgraded Red Rescue Shovel. It is only seen in Rescue Fire. Upgraded Rescue Drill: Summons the upgraded black Rescue Drill. It is only seen in Rescue Fire. Upgraded Rescue Turbo: Summons the upgraded Red Rescue Turbo. It is only seen in Rescue Fire. Upgraded Rescue Dozer: Summons the upgraded blue Rescue Dozer. It is only seen in Rescue Fire. Upgraded Rescue Crane:Summons the upgraded green Rescue Crane. It is only seen in Rescue Fire. Rescue Breaker The is the common rescue tool of the Rescue Force with eight modes, usually kept in : until needed. : Hammer mode. R1 mainly uses it. : Ax mode. R2 mainly uses it. : Pick mode. R3 mainly uses it. : Manipulator mode. R4 mainly uses it. : Drill mode. : Simple information analysis mode that can also be used as a digital camera. : Rope mode. Rescue Crusher The is a powerful rescue tool with three modes, usually kept in until needed. The Rescue Commanders can be installed onto the Rescue Crushers in their other two modes so they can use Rescue Cards, and its mode is called a . : Engine Cutter mode. Its attack is . : Spray mode. Its attack is . : A combination weapon formed by attaching the Break Drill to the Rescue Crusher. Max Divider The is R1 Max's gauntlet-type rescue tool with three modes. It has red, blue, and green buttons, and generates the ability of flame, ice, and wind. : Circular saw mode. Its attacks are , , and . : Used to get past debris obstructions when other tools cannot open the closed entry. : Used for close combat and to fend off enemies. Rescue Zamber The is a rescue tool originally used by R0 before being used by the main Rescue Force. It has two modes: Disaster Generating Devices are used by the Neo Thera to cause disasters to reset the Earth from humanity's machinations. : The first type of Disaster Generating Device, the Crisis Makers, each with a unique calamity to create a "Super-Disaster", land on Earth for Maare and her group to get with an instruction sheet included. The last Crisis Maker, the , was created by San using data of previous Crisis Makers stored within himself and the other executives. As a result of the data, the End Crisis Maker is capable of causing numerous Super-Disasters before being destroyed by Turbo Striker's Turbo Tornado. After losing all the Zukcrane, the Crisis Makers are reused by Maen in her final series of plans, upgraded to create physical forms from the elements themselves. : Daen's personal Disaster Generating Devices, relaying commands from his fortress as it reforms an area into a desert. Each Terra Resetter has an alternate purpose as its residual waves damage the Rescue Suits overtime until they are modified to resist it. Daen eventually attaches all his remaining Terra Resetters onto his fortress, making it a giant Terra Resetter with enough power to turn 50% of Earth into a desert. However, once returned to normal, Daen uses the base's self-destruct to destroy it after getting it above the atmosphere. : The AI of Obuchi's black limo-like Core Striker, possessing all of Daen's thought patterns but none of his creator's humanity. Taking over after its master died, AI Daen begins a six-month planning phase while having the Three Great Executives to gather materials in order to create a black-version of the Rescue Striker for him to personally pilot, called the . Once complete, AI Daen lures out the Rescue Force, making sure everything goes to plan as he uses R5's impulses to summon all five medium-scale Rescue Vehicles of the Rescue Force, combining with them all into one vehicle to destroy the Rescue Force. However, AI Daen didn't count on the appearance of Rescue Max and is unable to calculate the abilities of the robot as its combination is canceled and the Dark Striker is obliterated by Max Cannon. However, AI Daen leaves the Executives with the Dark Commander. : Cards that are used by the Executives, slashed through the to relay a command to the Zukcrane below to carry out the disaster the card represents. : Summons a Zukcrane, a Hard-type, or a Flight Model. Summons the Omega Zukcrane. : Activates a magnetic field to wreck all metal objects in its path. : Produces a Dark Aurora that incinerates anything caught in its path. : Uses a giant fight bell to cause buildings to collapse via sound waves. : Uses the nearby fans to invoke winds as strong as hurricanes or generate blade-like gusts. : Conjures bubbles created from a special liquid that explode on contact. : Allows Maen to hack into the Pilon Corp Development Department's Microwave Electric Transmitter, activating the Microwave Cannon and rewriting the system to attack people. : Activates a chalkboard that scratches itself, creating a sound that kills plant life. Though the Executives accidentally ripped the card in two and fixed it, the card only affects vegetables and places Vegataria City in a state of crisis. By the time it is found, R1 Max and R3 use Shovel Striker and Dozer Saver to bring the blackboard topside and smash it. : Activates a Zukcrane that uses a nail gun to penetrate the crust under Academia City to bring magma to the surface to cover the city. Used to bring the Rescue Force to the scene and bring out Rescue Max, the Zukcrane managed to get the rescue mecha to fall for its trap and fall towards the magma. However, with the Rescue Phoenix's aid, the Rescue Max escapes and scraps the Zukcrane. : A Super-Disaster Machine, based on the technology of the Rescue Vehicles and summoned by the "Megaton Crisis" Crisis Card as a last resort. Each Zukcrane model has a unique crisis-causing ability that it dangles until the Rescue Max disables it, leaving it defenseless to a Final Rescue. During the Kachikachi Bacteria incident, Maen uses a special Zukcrane model called the , which is covered in the stiffness-inducing bacteria, rendering its body hard as stone with its joints waxed to give it movement. Only Rescue Max Drill Dozer had the power to scrap this advanced model. Acquiring the Omeganium as an energy source, Maen uses it to power the strongest model, the , that is built to cause all volcanoes of the world to erupt by targeting convergences of magma. Starting at Suzukura to take out Japan, the Omega Zukcrane surfaces after the Rescue Max Drill Dozer scraps the two Zukcranes holding if off. The Omega Zukcrane easily overpowers the Rescue Max in the first round, provoking the Earth Federation to use an X0 Missile to stop it before it could drill into Suzaku Mountain. But after getting Rei and Juri out of it with the Rescue Saver, Hikaru forms the God Striker which overloads the Omeganium before scraping the Omega Zukcrane. A series of were later built to counter the Rescue Diver, only for each to be scrapped by the Super Rescue Max. The last Flight Model Zukcrane is equipped with a special hard-drying cement that is near unbreakable. Though it came close to taking out the Super Rescue Max Crane, Zero Fire's debut ended with the machine being scrapped. : A train built by Mataro Madono. Its designs were originally considered as a template for the Mach Train, but Nouvelle Ginza turned them down. Forging an alliance with the Neo Thera and donning the name "Doktor Madu", Madono hijacks the Mach Train with the intent of causing a train wreck strong enough to level the city where Nouvelle Ginza's main branch is located. Once the Rescue Force manages to get the Mach Train passengers to safety, Rescue Striker and Rescue Diver combine into Jet Vehicle Mode to pursue the Metal Train. The Metal Train releases its hold on the Mach Train to assume its mode in an attempt to overpower the Rescue Force before attacking the city. However, Jet Vehicle Mode reconfigures into Super Rescue Max to turn the tables, using Drill Blaster to shatter the Snake Train. Doktor Madu evades death, but is subsequently handed over to the Akebono authorities. : A fire-based life form originally created by San to attack the headquarters for World Financial Services Agency. : A bacteriological weapon created by San to disassemble metal-based things it infects from the inside out, having a side effect that has infected humans move in slow motion before a vaccine is developed to kill off the bacteria. A new strain of the bacteria, , is later introduced on those gathered for the Asia Counter-Super-Disaster Summit, infecting only humans in the form of chills, fever, and diarrhea before becoming fatal within an hour. Though a vaccine was developed to cure the infected, the remaining Yuruyuru Bacteria 2 gathers within a mountain and converges into a giant monster that attempts to cause a landslide until Rescue Saver and Drill Striker destroy it. : A bacteriological weapon created by Maen to stiffen anything thing it infects from humans to machines except wax. Maare uses the Dark Commander to spread them across the city in hopes of freezing the Rescue Force in place before they can begin the actual Super-Disaster. However, R1 and R2 manage to spread the vaccine across the city and cure the infected. : Secretly built by the Pilon Corporation to be the first of their manufactured weapons, it is activated by Maen when she hacks into the Development Department. Until Maare's control, she uses the Cannon to try and take out the Rescue Max while it is saving the people underneath the building. Once given the word, the Rescue Max Drill Dozer scraps the Microwave Cannon. : A bacteriological weapon created by Maen based on Clownfish DNA that turns infected men into women and thus removes humanity's ability to procreate. As part of a test at Kazaki Park, they turn Hikaru and Kyosuke into women. With the rest of the test a complete success, Maare activates the End Crisis Maker to spread the virus across the city with Ishiguro among the inflicted. With Hikaru and Kyosuke too feminine to be of any help, Rei and Juri pilot the Super Rescue Max as the virus takes the form of a giant monster clownfish. Once the monster is killed and the Crisis Maker is destroyed, Rei disburses the vaccine to return all the feminized men back to normal. Geyser Dragon (46): A monster made of geyser water formed by the water orb containing a Crisis Maker, it overwhelms the Super Rescue Max Crane during the Kiyoizawa incident until its core is destroyed by the robot. Plasma man (47): A monster made of plasma energy remote controlled by a Crisis Maker, able to fry any electric-based machine on touch. Though it ran off when the Executives accidentally lost the directions to the Crisis Maker, the Plasma Man resumed its attack at Nouveau Tokyo area where Teppei and his dad were going to take the Mach Train. It is then destroyed by the Super Rescue Max. Gas (51): Unintentionally released into a school by the drained Executives, the gas affects people by playing on their fears. The gas is eventually neutralized by the Rescue Striker as it starts to manifest in the atmosphere. Episodes Rescue the Mach Train! opened in theaters on December 20, 2008. Taking place between episodes 38 and 39, the film features guest stars as Reiji Osakabe, the Director of the UFDA and R0 (wearing an orange & black suit with yellow highlights & a gold armor, with a red visor; and of as , who joins forces with the Neo Thera to hijack the super express train Mach Train with his Metal Train, intending to use the Mach Train in the most Super-Disaster ever. plays , a high school student who befriends the Rescue Force and is later trapped with the other civilians during the hijacking. Cameo guest stars include , , , and reprising roles from Madan Senki Ryukendo; as a ferryman; as Gajiro's father; and camino as customers in yakitori restaurant. The short was shown alongside the film. Cast Hikaru Todoroki/R1: Kyosuke Jinrai/R2: (FLAME) Rei Kozuki/R3: Juri Shiraki/R4, Eri Haseyama: Eiji Ishiguro/R5: Captain General/RU: Obuchi/Daen (Voice): Maare (Voice): (Yasuda Dai Circus) San (Voice): (Yasuda Dai Circus) Sica (Voice): HIRO (Yasuda Dai Circus) Maen, Dark Commander (Voice): Batsu (Voice): Core Striker, Core Saver, Rescue Commander (Voice): Narrator: Guest Actors Naomi Okamura: Ritsuko Kanzaki: Bunji Saeki: Ryuji: Kirara Amamiya: Suit actors R1: R2: R3: R4, Maare: R4: R5, R2: San: Sica: Maen: Songs Opening themes "STORY" Lyrics: HAYATO/TAKA Composition: KIKU Arrangement: camino Artist: camino Episodes: 1-26 The single for "STORY" included the "TV edit" for the song as well as a full-length version of the song with different lyrics. Lyrics: HAYATO/TAKA Composition: TAKA Arrangement: camino Artist: camino Episodes: 27-51 Ending themes Lyrics & Composition: Arrangement: TRIPLANE & Artist: TRIPLANE Episodes: 1-26 TRIPLANE had previously released a version of "Kokoro Hakobu" on their second album, . The TV arrangement of the song was released on their next single, , on July 16, 2008. Lyrics & Composition: Arrangement: Artist: Episodes: 27-44 "Arigatō" is included on Yusaku Kiyama's mini-album . It is his first album, following the release of his first single, "home." Lyrics: HAMMER & Mago & JIN Composition & Arrangement: Jin Artist: 2BACKKA Episodes: 45-51 Movie theme "ONE WAY TO ROCK!!" Lyrics: HAYATO Composition: KIKU Arrangement: camino Artist: camino Syndication While Tomica Hero: Rescue Force initially aired on TV Aichi, it is syndicated on TV Tokyo Network, Iwate Menkoi Television, Higashinippon Broadcasting, Fukushima Central Television, The Niigata Television Network 21, Nagano Broadcasting Systems, TV Shizuoka, Ehime Asahi Television, Nagasaki Broadcasting Company, Ryukyu Asahi Broadcasting, and Biwako Broadcasting. References External links Rescue Force at TV Aichi Rescue Force at Takara-Tomy \|- Tokusatsu television series Takara Tomy
I Gotta Be Me is the only album by the late hip-hop producer Johnny "J" on Shade Tree Records, with distribution by Solar Records by way of their recently formed independent label distribution unit, The J. Hines Company. I Gotta Be Me was an album that explored Johnny J's lyrical skills and abilities as well as his experiences in life, love, sex, relationships, and music, and was also the first appearance of the gangsta-themed female Hip-Hop/R&B quartet Y?N-Vee, who soon after recorded with Johnny J's friend 2Pac and his affiliate group, Thug Life, and released their one and only album for PMP Records, the same label that launched the career of R&B star Montell Jordan a year later. I Gotta Be Me spawned two singles -- "Get Away From Me" and the Bass rap cut, "Diggin Um' Out". The musical backing track of the song "Better Off" was later recycled into the tune "Picture Me Rollin'" by Tupac for his album All Eyez On Me in 1996. Track listing Album singles 1994 debut albums Hip hop albums by American artists Albums produced by Johnny "J"
Nabadwip Vidyasagar College (Bengali: নবদ্বীপ বিদ্যাসাগর কলেজ) is a college situated in Nabadwip in Nadia, West Bengal, India. It was established in 1942 as a branch of Vidyasagar College, kolkata and was affiliated to the University of Calcutta, later in 1960 the University of Kalyani, was established and this college became affiliated with it. This college is one of the few colleges under University of Kalyani which offers undergraduate courses in arts, commerce and sciences. Foundation The College was born on the 5th of March 1942 when the ongoing Second World War prompted the esteemed Calcutta Vidyasagar College to open two more campuses. One was at Suri, Birbhum and the other one was at Nabadwip, the erstwhile ‘Oxford of the East’. Up to 1948 the college functioned as a branch of the mother institution. It was housed at the Nabadwip Hindu School. A local committee composed of some eminent citizens of Nabadwip ran the fledgeling institution, headed by Prof. Madhab Das Chakrabarty of Calcutta Vidyasagar College. Prof. J.K. Chowdhury took over as the Principal on 10.09.1948, when the college obtained an independent status, a full-fledged Governing Body and a permanent affiliation from Calcutta University. The institution is affiliated to the University of Kalyani since 1999. Historical Context Nabadwip, formerly known as Navadweep, is located on the western bank of the Bhagirathi River, opposite the confluence of the Jalangi and Bhagirathi rivers. Approximately 70 miles north of Calcutta, Nabadwip was a bustling city and a hub of Hindu learning in the 15th and 16th centuries. The city was teeming with intellectual activity, with numerous colleges (Toles) on every street, each hosting hundreds or even thousands of students. The city was renowned for its literary tournaments and discussions, which took place daily at every ghat. Students were easily identifiable by the books they carried, which served as their badges of honor. Among the city's most distinguished scholars were Vasudeva Sarvabhuman and his disciple Raghunath Siromani Bhattacharya, who developed Nyaya Philosophy and established a Nyaya College in Nabadwip. Nabadwip is also the birthplace of Krishnananda Agamabagisha, author of Brihat Tantrasara, and Sri Chaitanya Deva (1486-1533), a cultural mediator and spiritual saint who established a Tole at Mukunda Sanjay's house. The Vidya Samaj of Nabadwip honored Sri Chaitanya Deva with the title "Vidyasagar". Krishnachandra Roy (1710-1782) made significant contributions to promoting Sanskrit learning in Nabadwip by establishing many Sanskrit schools and providing financial support for foreign students studying Sanskrit. His wife, Rani Bhabani, was also a patron of Sanskrit culture in Bengal. Reverend James Long once referred to Nabadwip as the "Oxford of the Orient". Nabadwip Vidyasagar College is located in this historically rich area. During World War II, many intellectuals from Calcutta sought refuge in Nabadwip following Japan's bombardment of Calcutta. As a result, two branches of Calcutta Vidyasagar College were established, one in Suri, Birbhum, and the other in Nabadwip. Nabadwip Vidyasagar College began its journey on March 5th, 1942. Initially, it operated from Nabadwip Hindu School and functioned as a branch of Calcutta Vidyasagar College until 1948. Under the guidance of Prof. Madhab Das Chakraborty from Calcutta Vidyasagar College, Nabadwip Vidyasagar College began its journey. The college gained independent status, a full-fledged governing body, and permanent affiliation from Calcutta University on 10th September 1948 under the leadership of Principal Prof. J.K. Chowdhury. Departments Under-graduate At present the college imparts education in as many as Seventeen honours courses and three customary general courses. Arts Bengali Education English Geography History Philosophy Physical education Political science Sanskrit Commerce Accountancy Science Botany Chemistry Computer science Economics Environmental science Mathematics Physics Zoology Post-graduate There is also the post-graduate course in Sanskrit and three more M.A courses in DODL mode. Sanskrit DODL Bengali English Education History Accreditation NAAC (National Assessment and Accreditation Council) accredited the college (Grade-B) on 17.04.2007. Once again, the college received ‘B’ grade from NAAC on 30th October 2017. See also References External links Nabadwip Vidyasagar College University of Kalyani University Grants Commission National Assessment and Accreditation Council Universities and colleges in Nadia district Colleges affiliated to University of Kalyani Educational institutions established in 1942 1942 establishments in India
In Jainism, Balabhadra or Baladeva are among the sixty-three illustrious beings called śalākāpuruṣas that are said to grace every half cycle of time. According to Jain cosmology, śalākāpuruṣa are born on this earth in every Dukhama-sukhamā ara. They comprise twenty-four tīrthaṅkaras, twelve chakravartins, nine balabhadra, nine narayana, and nine pratinarayana. Their life stories are said to be most inspiring. According to the Jain puranas, the Balabhadras lead an ideal Jain life. Nine Balabhadras According to the Digambaras nine Balabhadras of the present half cycle of time (avasarpini) are: References General references Salakapurusa
Solar desalination is a desalination technique powered by solar energy. The two common methods are direct (thermal) and indirect (photovoltaic). History Solar distillation has been used for thousands of years. Early Greek mariners and Persian alchemists produced both freshwater and medicinal distillates. Solar stills were the first method used on a large scale to convert contaminated water into a potable form. In 1870 the first US patent was granted for a solar distillation device to Norman Wheeler and Walton Evans. Two years later in Las Salinas, Chile, Swedish engineer Charles Wilson began building a solar distillation plant to supply freshwater to workers at a saltpeter and silver mine. It operated continuously for 40 years and distilled an average of 22.7 m3 of water a day using the effluent from mining operations as its feed water. Solar desalination in the United States began in the early 1950s when Congress passed the Conversion of Saline Water Act, which led to the establishment of the Office of Saline Water (OSW) in 1955. OSW's main function was to administer funds for desalination research and development projects. One of five demonstration plants was located in Daytona Beach, Florida. Many of the projects were aimed at solving water scarcity issues in remote desert and coastal communities. In the 1960s and 1970s several distillation plants were constructed on the Greek isles with capacities ranging from 2000 to 8500 m3/day. In 1984 a plant was constructed in Abu-Dhabi with a capacity of 120 m3/day that is still in operation. In Italy, an open source design called "the Eliodomestico" by Gabriele Diamanti was developed for personal costing $50. Of the estimated 22 million m3 daily freshwater produced through desalination worldwide, less than 1% uses solar energy. The prevailing methods of desalination, MSF and RO, are energy-intensive and rely heavily on fossil fuels. Because of inexpensive methods of freshwater delivery and abundant low-cost energy resources, solar distillation has been viewed as cost-prohibitive and impractical. It is estimated that desalination plants powered by conventional fuels consume the equivalent of 203 million tons of fuel a year. Methods In the direct (distillation) method, a solar collector is coupled with a distilling mechanism. Solar stills of this type are described in survival guides, provided in marine survival kits, and employed in many small desalination and distillation plants. Water production is proportional to the area of the solar surface and solar incidence angle and has an average estimated value of . Because of this proportionality and the relatively high cost of property and material for construction, distillation tends to favor plants with production capacities less than . Indirect desalination employs a solar collection array, consisting of photovoltaic and/or fluid-based thermal collectors, and a separate conventional desalination plant. Many arrangements have been analyzed, experimentally tested and deployed. Categories include multiple-effect humidification (MEH), multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), multiple-effect distillation (MED), multiple-effect boiling (MEB), humidification–dehumidification (HDH), reverse osmosis (RO), and freeze-effect distillation. Indirect solar desalination systems using photovoltaic (PV) panels and reverse osmosis (RO) have been in use since 2009. Output by 2013 reached per hour per system, and per day per square metre of PV panel. Utirik Atoll in the Pacific Ocean has been supplied with fresh water this way since 2010. Indirect solar desalination by a form of humidification/dehumidification is in use in the seawater greenhouse. Indirect Large solar desalination plants typically use indirect methods. Indirect solar desalination processes are categorized into single-phase processes (membrane based) and phase change processes (non-membrane based). Single-phase desalination use photovoltaics to produce electricity that drive pumps. Phase-change (or multi-phase) solar desalination is not membrane-based. Single-phase desalination processes include reverse osmosis and membrane distillation, where membranes filter water from contaminants. As of 2014 reverse osmosis (RO) made up about 52% of indirect methods. Pumps push salt water through RO modules at high pressure. RO systems depend on pressure differences. A pressure of 55–65 bar is required to purify seawater. An average of 5 kWh/m3 of energy is typically required to run a large-scale RO plant. Membrane distillation (MD) utilizes pressure difference from two sides of a microporous hydrophobic membrane. Fresh water can be extracted through four MD methods: Direct Contact (DCMD), Air Gap (AGMD), Sweeping Gas (SGMD) and Vacuum (VMD). An estimated water cost of $15/m3 and $18/m3 support medium-scale solar-MD plants. Energy consumption ranges from 200 to 300 kWh/m3. Phase-change (or multi-phase) solar desalination includes multi-stage flash, multi-effect distillation (MED), and thermal vapor compression (VC). It is accomplished by using phase change materials (PCMs) to maximize latent heat storage and high temperatures. MSF phase change temperatures range 80–120 °C, 40–100 °C for VC, and 50–90 °C for the MED method. Multi-stage flash (MSF) requires seawater to travel through a series of vacuumed reactors held at successively lower pressures. Heat is added to capture the latent heat of the vapor. As seawater flows through the reactors, steam is collected and is condensed to produce fresh water. In Multi-effect distillation (MED), seawater flows through successively low pressure vessels and reuses latent heat to evaporate seawater for condensation. MED desalination requires less energy than MSF due to higher efficiency in thermodynamic transfer rates. Direct Direct methods use thermal energy to vaporize the seawater as part of a 2-phase separation. Such methods are relatively simple and require little space so they are normally used on small systems. However, they have a low production rate due to low operating temperature and pressure, so they are appropriate for systems that yield 200 m3/day. Single-effect This uses the same process as rainfall. A transparent cover encloses a pan where saline water is placed. The latter traps solar energy, evaporating the seawater. The vapor condenses on the inner face of a sloping transparent cover, leaving behind salts, inorganic and organic components and microbes. The direct method achieves values of 4-5 L/m2/day and efficiency of 30-40%. Efficiency can be improved to 45% by using a double slope or an additional condenser. In a wick still, feed water flows slowly through a porous radiation-absorbing pad. This requires less water to be heated and is easier to change the angle towards the sun which saves time and achieves higher temperatures. A diffusion still is composed of a hot storage tank coupled to a solar collector and the distillation unit. Heating is produced by the thermal diffusion between them. Increasing the internal temperature using an external energy source can improve productivity. Indirect multi-phase Multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) The multi-stage flash (MSF) method is a widely used technology for desalination, particularly in large-scale seawater desalination plants. It is based on the principle of utilizing the evaporation and condensation process to separate saltwater from freshwater. In the MSF desalination process, seawater is heated and subjected to a series of flashings or rapid depressurizations in multiple stages. Each stage consists of a series of heat exchangers and flash chambers. The process typically involves the following steps: Preheating: Seawater is initially preheated to reduce the energy required for subsequent stages. The preheated seawater then enters the first stage of the MSF system. Flashing: In each stage, the preheated seawater is passed through a flash chamber, where its pressure is rapidly reduced. This sudden drop in pressure causes the water to flash into steam, leaving behind concentrated brine with high salt content. Condensation: The steam produced in the flash chamber is then condensed on the surfaces of heat exchanger tubes. The condensation occurs as the steam comes into contact with colder seawater or with tubes carrying cool freshwater from previous stages. Collection and extraction: The condensed freshwater is collected and collected as product water. It is then extracted from the system for storage and distribution, while the remaining brine is removed and disposed of properly. Reheating and repetition: The brine from each stage is reheated, usually by steam extracted from the turbine that drives the process, and then introduced into the subsequent stage. This process is repeated in subsequent stages, with the number of stages determined by the desired level of freshwater production and the overall efficiency of the system. The multi-stage flash (MSF) method, known for its high energy efficiency through the utilization of latent heat of vaporization during the flashing process, accounted for approximately 45% of the world's desalination capacity and a dominant 93% of thermal systems as recorded in 2009. In Margherita di Savoia, Italy a 50–60 m3/day MSF plant uses a salinity gradient solar pond. In El Paso, Texas a similar project produces 19 m3/day. In Kuwait a MSF facility uses parabolic trough collectors to provide solar thermal energy to produce 100 m3 of fresh water a day. And in Northern China an experimental, automatic, unmanned operation uses 80 m2 of vacuum tube solar collectors coupled with a 1 kW wind turbine (to drive several small pumps) to produce 0.8 m3/day. MSF solar distillation has an output capacity of 6–60 L/m2/day versus the 3-4 L/m2/day standard output of a solar still. MSF experience poor efficiency during start-up or low energy periods. Achieving highest efficiency requires controlled pressure drops across each stage and steady energy input. As a result, solar applications require some form of thermal energy storage to deal with cloud interference, varying solar patterns, nocturnal operation, and seasonal temperature changes. As thermal energy storage capacity increases a more continuous process can be achieved and production rates approach maximum efficiency. Freezing Although it has only been used on demonstration projects, this indirect method based on crystallization of the saline water has the advantage of the low energy required. Since the latent heat of fusion of water is 6,01 kJ/mole and the latent heat of vaporization at 100 °C is 40,66 kJ/mole, it should be cheaper in terms of energy cost. Furthermore, the corrosion risk is lower too. There is however a disadvantage related with the difficulties of mechanically moving mixtures of ice and liquid. The process has not been commercialized yet due to cost and difficulties with refrigeration systems. The most studied way of using this process is the refrigeration freezing. A refrigeration cycle is used to cool the water stream to form ice, and after that those crystals are separated and melted to obtain fresh water. There are some recent examples of this solar powered processes: the unit constructed in Saudi Arabia by Chicago Bridge and Iron Inc. in the late 1980s, which was shut down for its inefficiency. Nevertheless, there is a recent study for the saline groundwater concluding that a plant capable of producing 1 million gal/day would produce water at a cost of $1.30/1000 gallons. Being this true, it would be a cost-competitive device with the reverse osmosis ones. Problems with thermal systems Inherent design problems face thermal solar desalination projects. First, the system's efficiency is governed by competing heat and mass transfer rates during evaporation and condensation. Second, the heat of condensation is valuable because it takes large amounts of solar energy to evaporate water and generate saturated, vapor-laden hot air. This energy is, by definition, transferred to the condenser's surface during condensation. With most solar stills, this heat is emitted as waste heat. Solutions Heat recovery allows the same heat input to be reused, providing several times the water. One solution is to reduce the pressure within the reservoir. This can be accomplished using a vacuum pump, and significantly decreases the required heat energy. For example, water at a pressure of 0.1 atmospheres boils at rather than . Solar humidification–dehumidification The solar humidification–dehumidification (HDH) process (also called the multiple-effect humidification–dehumidification process, solar multistage condensation evaporation cycle (SMCEC) or multiple-effect humidification (MEH) mimics the natural water cycle on a shorter time frame by distilling water. Thermal energy produces water vapor that is condensed in a separate chamber. In sophisticated systems, waste heat is minimized by collecting the heat from the condensing water vapor and pre-heating the incoming water source. Single-phase solar desalination In indirect, or single phase, solar-powered desalination, two systems are combined: a solar energy collection system (e.g. photovoltaic panels) and a desalination system such as reverse osmosis (RO). The main single-phase processes, generally membrane processes, consist of RO and electrodialysis (ED). Single phase desalination is predominantly accomplished with photovoltaics that produce electricity to drive RO pumps. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate around the world. Nearly 70% use RO, yielding 44% of desalination. Alternative methods that use solar thermal collection to provide mechanical energy to drive RO are in development. Reverse osmosis RO is the most common desalination process due to its efficiency compared to thermal desalination systems, despite the need for water pre-treatment. Economic and reliability considerations are the main challenges to improving PV powered RO desalination systems. However, plummeting PV panel costs make solar-powered desalination more feasible. Solar-powered RO desalination is common in demonstration plants due to the modularity and scalability of both PV and RO systems. An economic analysis that explored an optimisation strategy of PV-powered RO reported favorable results. PV converts solar radiation into direct-current (DC) electricity, which powers the RO unit. The intermittent nature of sunlight and its variable intensity throughout the day complicates PV efficiency prediction and limits night-time desalination. Batteries can store solar energy for later use. Similarly, thermal energy storage systems ensure constant performance after sunset and on cloudy days. Batteries allow continuous operation. Studies have indicated that intermittent operations can increase biofouling. Batteries remain expensive and require ongoing maintenance. Also, storing and retrieving energy from the battery lowers efficiency. Reported average cost of RO desalination is US$0.56/m3. Using renewable energy, that cost could increase up to US$16/m3. Although renewable energy costs are greater, their use is increasing. Electrodialysis Both electrodialysis (ED) and reverse electrodialysis (RED) use selective ion transport through ion exchange membranes (IEMs) due either to the influence of concentration difference (RED) or electrical potential (ED). In ED, an electrical force is applied to the electrodes; the cations travel toward the cathode and anions travel toward the anode. The exchange membranes only allow the passage of its permeable type (cation or anion), hence with this arrangement, diluted and concentrated salt solutions are placed in the space between the membranes (channels). The configuration of this stack can be either horizontal or vertical. The feed water passes in parallel through all the cells, providing a continuous flow of permeate and brine. Although this is a well-known process electrodialysis is not commercially suited for seawater desalination, because it can be used only for brackish water (TDS < 1000 ppm). Due to the complexity for modeling ion transport phenomena in the channels, performance could be affected, considering the non-ideal behavior presented by the exchange membranes. The basic ED process could be modified and turned into RED, in which the polarity of the electrodes changes periodically, reversing the flow through the membranes. This limits the deposition of colloidal substances, which makes this a self-cleaning process, almost eliminating the need for chemical pre-treatment, making it economically attractive for brackish water. The use ED systems began in 1954, while RED was developed in the 1970s. These processes are used in over 1100 plants worldwide. The main advantages of PV in desalination plants is due to its suitability for small-scale plants. One example is in Japan, on Oshima Island (Nagasaki), which has operated since 1986 with 390 PV panels producing 10 m3/day with dissolved solids (TDS) about 400 ppm. See also Point Paterson Desalination Plant References External links Water treatment Water technology Water conservation Water desalination
Jarmo Kuusisto (born April 5, 1961) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey defenceman. Kuusisto played a total of 714 games in the SM-Liiga, 696 games for Lukko and 18 for Ässät. In the 1990–91 SM-liiga season, he won the Juha Rantasila Trophy for scoring the most goals by a defenceman with 16. He also played in France's Élite Ligue for Brest Albatros Hockey and Drakkars de Caen, Sweden's Elitserien for AIK IF and Denmark's Codan Ligan for the Herning Blue Fox. Kuusisto played for the Finland national team in the 1987, 1989 and 1990 Ice Hockey World Championships. References External links 1961 births Living people AIK IF players Porin Ässät (men's ice hockey) players Brest Albatros Hockey players Drakkars de Caen players Herning Blue Fox players Lukko players Finnish ice hockey defencemen People from Uusikaupunki Ice hockey people from Southwest Finland
William Skiles may refer to: William W. Skiles, U.S. Representative from Ohio William West Skiles, American missionary William Vernon Skiles, professor of mathematics Bill Skiles, of American stand-up comedy act Skiles and Henderson
The Satakunta dyke swarms are a series of dyke swarms of Mesoproterozoic age in the Bothnian Sea and western and central Finland. Föglö dyke swarm Häme dyke swarm Satakunta-Ulvö dyke swarm The dyke swarm has been considered to be a result of a failed rift in the Bothnian Sea that developed as part of an extensional tectonic setting within the supercontinent of Columbia. At various location dykes of the swarm cut across Jotnian sediments indicating a Postjotnian age for the dyke swarm. Viewed in a map the dyke swarm has the form of a 90-degrees fan radiating open to the east from a point in the Bothnian Sea. See also Gothian orogeny Kattsund-Koster dyke swarm References Dike swarms Mesoproterozoic magmatism Geology of Finland Geology of Sweden
Léa Fazer (born 20 April 1965) is a Swiss film director, screenwriter and actress. She studied film at the University Paris Diderot. Her film Bienvenue en Suisse was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival. Filmography References External links 1965 births Living people Swiss film directors Swiss women film directors Swiss screenwriters Swiss film actresses Film people from Geneva
Punctozotroctes guianensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Tavakilian and Neouze in 2007. References Acanthoderini Beetles described in 2007
Royal Air Force Leuchars or more simply RAF Leuchars is a former Royal Air Force station located in Leuchars, Fife, on the east coast of Scotland. Throughout the Cold War and beyond, the station was home to fighter aircraft which policed northern UK airspace. The station ceased to be an RAF station at 12:00 hrs on 31 March 2015 when it became Leuchars Station and control of the site was transferred to the British Army. The RAF temporarily returned to Leuchars between August and October 2020 to carry out QRA (I) responsibilities while runway works were being carried out at RAF Lossiemouth. History First World War Aviation at Leuchars dates back to 1911 with a balloon squadron of the Royal Engineers setting up a training camp in Tentsmuir Forest. They were soon joined in the skies by the 'string and sealing wax' aircraft of the embryonic Royal Flying Corps; such aircraft favoured the sands of St Andrews, where not the least of the attractions was the availability of fuel from local garages. Like so many RAF stations, the airfield itself owes its existence to the stimulus of war, and work began on levelling the existing site on Reres Farm in 1916. From the beginning, Leuchars was intended as a training unit, being termed a 'Temporary Mobilisation Station' taking aircrew from initial flying training through to fleet co-operation work. Building was still under way when the Armistice was signed in 1918. Much was made of Leuchars' maritime location when it was designated a Naval Fleet Training School, eventually to undertake the training of 'naval spotting' crews who acted as eyes for the Royal Navy's capital ships. Inter-war years The unit was formally named 'Royal Air Force Leuchars' on 16 March 1920, but nevertheless retained its strong naval links. As the Navy embraced the value of aviation, the aircraft carrier was added to its inventory. Many of the flights dedicated to Leuchars were detached to such vessels for months at a time, with light and dark blue uniforms apparently mixing happily together. At St Andrews, the citizens were not unaware of the potential uses of aviation and attempts were made to use aircraft as a means of transport for golfing enthusiasts. More successful were the barn-storming displays of the flying circuses which were extremely popular in the town. In 1935, Leuchars became home to No. 1 Flying Training School (1 FTS) and ranges for practice bombing were established in Tentsmuir Forest. As the war clouds gathered, its maritime position ensured that Leuchars would come to play a more warlike role. 1 FTS moved to RAF Netheravon and the station came under the control of RAF Coastal Command. With the arrival of No. 224 and No. 233 Squadrons in August 1938 the station had an operational, rather than training, role for the first time. Second World War On 4 September 1939, a Lockheed Hudson of No. 224 Squadron attacked a Dornier Do 18 over the North Sea with inconclusive results but became the first British aircraft to engage the enemy in the Second World War. Leuchars was not to secure the romantic image of a Battle of Britain station, but rather settled to the routine of hour upon hour of maritime patrol which played a crucial part in Britain's ultimate victory. In February 1940, another No. 224 Squadron Hudson located the German prison ship the Altmark which allowed for its interception by HMS Cossack and the liberation of over 200 British prisoners. On 2 December 1943, a pigeon called Winkie became one of the first birds or animals to be awarded the Dickin Medal for helping rescue the crew of a ditched bomber from the station. During the Second World War, British Overseas Airways Corporation formed in November 1939 from Imperial Airways, and British Airways Ltd operated a wartime route from RAF Leuchars to Stockholm. From 1943 BOAC used civilian-registered de Havilland Mosquito aircraft. Noted for the carrying of ball-bearings from Sweden to the UK, the route also returned RAF aircrew who had diverted to or made crash-landings in Swedish airfields during operations over Europe. Other aircraft types were used. Cold War Leuchars remained an active station to the end of the war, concentrating on anti-submarine and anti-shipping strikes. With the contraction of the RAF in peacetime, life at Leuchars returned to a more gentle pace, hosting a school for general reconnaissance and the St Andrews University Air Squadron complete with de Havilland Tiger Moth. In May 1950 Leuchars entered the jet age as it passed from Coastal to RAF Fighter Command and Gloster Meteors of No. 222 Squadron made the station their new home. 1950 also saw No. 43 Squadron arrive at Leuchars from RAF Tangmere with their Meteors, the start of a long-lasting association between the base and the 'Fighting Cocks'. In July 1954, No. 43 Squadron converted to the new Hawker Hunter F.1 becoming the first squadron in the entire Royal Air Force to operate the type. No. 43 Squadron upgraded to Hunter FGA.9s in 1960 and were shortly relocated away to Cyprus the following year. No. 23 Squadron arrived in March 1963, equipped with all-weather Gloster Javelin FAW.9s. Leuchars' air-sea rescue services upgraded to Westland Whirlwind helicopters in 1964. The University Air Squadron was equipped with the de Havilland Chipmunk. As the Cold War reached its frostiest depths in the 1960s, the development of long-range aircraft allowed the Soviets regular incursion into British air space. Initially this was countered by the use of the English Electric Lightning, with No. 23 Squadron taking delivery of Lightning F.3s in 1964 to be used in the interceptor role. This was shortly followed by No. 74 Squadron relocating to Leuchars from RAF Coltishall in the same year, also being equipped with Lightning F.3s. No. 11 Squadron became the next Lightning squadron to be based at Leuchars when it reformed in April 1967 and replaced No. 74 Squadron who moved to RAF Tengah in Singapore. Leuchars' position made it ideally suited as a base to ensure the integrity of British air space and thus on 1 September 1969, Leuchars' air defence capability was increased with the delivery of McDonnell Douglas F-4K Phantom FG.1s to the newly reformed No. 43 Squadron – a squadron that would become synonymous with the base over the next 40 years. From 1972 to 1978 Leuchars also served as the home for 892 Naval Air Squadron's Phantom FG.1s when they were disembarked from their carrier HMS Ark Royal. In March 1972, No. 11 Squadron moved south to RAF Binbrook, leaving No. 23 Squadron as the sole Lightning fleet at the base. October 1975 saw the last Lightnings leave Leuchars when No. 23 Squadron converted to Phantom FGR.2s from their Lightning F.6s and moved to RAF Coningsby. A month later No. 111 Squadron relocated north from Coningsby up to Leuchars and were equipped with Phantom FGR.2s. December 1978 saw the withdrawal of HMS Ark Royal which led to her fleet of Phantom FG.1s being distributed to 'Treble One', who in turn saw their Phantom FGR.2 airframes sent elsewhere across the RAF. For over two decades Leuchars' aircraft policed the UK air defence region, demonstrating the ability to intercept unidentified aircraft and provide an effective deterrent. During May 1987, 228 OCU (Operational conversion unit) moved from RAF Coningsby to Leuchars. The OCU operated the Phantom FGR2 and had the Shadow identity of 64(R) Squadron. For the majority of the Cold War period from 1954 to the early 1990s, RAF Search and Rescue (SARF) had an enduring presence at Leuchars in the form of a detached flight of helicopters from No. 22 Squadron. The flight was initially equipped with the Bristol Sycamore until their replacement by the Whirlwind HAR.10 in 1955 which in turn were superseded in 1976 by the Westland Wessex HAR.2. Besides assisting Leuchars' own Mountain rescue unit, the flight also proved a valuable adjunct to civilian mountain and maritime rescue services. There were also two rescue launches based in Tayport for a time. During the 1980s, RAF Leuchars was home to No. 27 Squadron RAF Regiment which was a Short Range Air Defence (SHORAD) based squadron, using Field Standard A Rapier Missile system. Post-Cold War The Phantoms of No. 43 Squadron and No. 111 Squadron were replaced by Panavia Tornado F.3s during 1989 - 1991, with the last leaving during May 1991. April 2003 saw the Tornado F.3 Operational Conversion Unit (OCU), No. 56 (Reserve) Squadron, move to RAF Leuchars. In April 2008, No. 56 (R) Squadron amalgamated with No. 43 Squadron, retaining the identity of the latter until it was disbanded in July 2009. In September 2010, No. 6 Squadron was the first squadron at RAF Leuchars to be reformed operating the Eurofighter Typhoon; Typhoons from the squadron performed a Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) scramble on Sunday 2 January 2011. 6 Squadron took over QRA duties when the last of the Tornado F.3s were retired. The second Typhoon squadron, No. 1 (Fighter) Squadron, was reformed at the 2012 RAF Leuchars Airshow on 15 September 2012. Leuchars had a long history of defending sovereign UK airspace over many decades stretching back to Meteor aircraft and finally with the Typhoon. Aircraft such as the English Electric Lightning and McDonald Douglas Phantom were prevalent over many years. Leuchars was home to the last squadron of Tornado F.3s, No. 111 Squadron. No. 111 Squadron operated the QRA which was set up primarily to combat threats from Soviet attacks during the Cold War. The unit was disbanded in March 2011. The station was formerly home to No. 125 Expeditionary Air Wing, but it is still the home of the East of Scotland Universities Air Squadron (ESUAS) and No. 12 Air Experience Flight RAF (12 AEF), who both use a fleet of seven Grob Tutor T.1's. No. 125 Expeditionary Air Wing (EAW) was formed at Leuchars on 1 April 2006. The wing encompasses most of the non-formed unit personnel and does not include the flying units based at the station. The station commander was dual-hatted as the commander of the wing. Leuchars is also the base for No. 612 (County of Aberdeen) Squadron, Royal Auxiliary Air Force (an air-transportable surgical squadron), and was formerly a host to an RAF Mountain rescue Unit. Leuchars frequently hosts local Air Training Corps units. Until 1 January 2015 it was also the parent station to several remote units in the central Scotland area, including Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde Air Squadron, 602 Squadron Royal Auxiliary Air Force, 603 Squadron Royal Auxiliary Air Force and many Air Training Corps squadrons. RAF Lossiemouth in Moray, and RAF Coningsby in Lincolnshire, are now the sole operating bases and custodians for QRA(I) North & South respectively, flying the Typhoon FGR.4. A third Tornado F.3 Squadron, No. 56 (R) Squadron, was disbanded in April 2008 in preparation for the arrival of the Eurofighter Typhoon, in 2010. Members of No. 56 (R) Squadron had temporarily joined No. 43 Squadron until it too was disbanded in July 2009. Following the departure of the two Typhoon Squadrons, No. 6 Squadron in June 2014, and No. 1 (F) Squadron in September 2014, RAF Leuchars merged the traditional Tri-Wing structure of Base, Engineering and Logistics and Operations Wings into a single Wing structure. RAF ownership of the site ceased on 31 March 2015 when it was handed over to the British Army, thus ending 95 years of service as a Royal Air Force station. Closure RAF drawdown On 18 July 2011, Defence Secretary Liam Fox announced that RAF Leuchars would close as part of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, with the station being transferred to British Army control in 2015 and Leuchars's Typhoons moving to RAF Lossiemouth in Morayshire. In preparation for the closure, RAF Leuchars Mountain Rescue Team disbanded in Nov 2013 whilst No. 58 Squadron of the RAF Regiment and No. 6 Force Protection Wing disbanded on 10 May 2014. No. 6 Squadron was the first Typhoon unit to depart Leuchars, heading for its new home at RAF Lossiemouth in June 2014. No. 1 Squadron followed on 8 September 2014, at which point responsibility for Quick Reaction Alert (North) was transferred from Leuchars to Lossiemouth. Transfer to British Army Control of Leuchars was transferred to the British Army on 31 March 2015, when it was renamed Leuchars Station. The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards gradually relocated from Germany in the spring and summer of 2015 along with 2 Close Support Battalion of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers and 110 Provost Company, Royal Military Police. The airfield is maintained as a diversion airfield for aircraft based at RAF Lossiemouth and other aircraft. The station continues to be home to several RAF units, including No. 612 (County of Aberdeen) Squadron RAuxAF, the East of Scotland Universities Air Squadron incorporating No. 12 Air Experience Flight, and the headquarters of Scotland and Northern Ireland Region and South East Scotland Wing of the Air Training Corps. Flying at Leuchars Station In September 2018, it was announced that due to the refurbishment of RAF Lossiemouth's runway, QRA North responsibilities would be moved to Leuchars for up to six weeks in the summer of 2019. However, these works did not occur until 2020 with Typhoon FGR4s arriving back at Leuchars on 10 August 2020 where they remained for the next two months before returning to Lossiemouth. In late October 2020, it was confirmed by the Ministry of Defence that they were looking into increasing both civilian and military usage of the airfield at Leuchars with the reinstallation of F34 fuel facilities; however, there would be no aircraft based permanently. International Airshow RAF Leuchars was home to the annual Leuchars Airshow which originated many decades before. This usually took place on a Saturday in September. The 2007 Leuchars Airshow was cancelled due to resurfacing of the runway. Approximately 45,000 people attended the 2010 show to see displays including the Red Arrows, Eurofighter Typhoon, and Battle of Britain Memorial Flight. Air forces from many NATO countries provided additional static and flight displays. The final airshow was held on 8 September 2013 and circa 45,000 people were on site. See also List of former Royal Air Force stations References Citations Bibliography Leuchars Leuchars Leuchars 1911 establishments in Scotland Leuchars
The Yakshagana bells () or Yakshagana cymbal are a pair of finger bells made of a special alloy (traditional five metal) used in Yakshagana (Badagu Thittu). They are used by the singer to keep the tempo and rhythm of Yakshagana performances. The pitch of the bells are generally very high and do not match the pitch of the singer; as such, singers may use bells of any key. Methods of use The player of the Yakshagana bells holds the thread tied to the bells and hits the edge of one bell to the face of the other bell. There are various techniques that may be used to produce different sounds from the instrument. For fast rhythms, the non-dominant hand is rolled to facilitate fast beating. A closed hit of the bells produces a sound without any overtone and with sudden decay. This stroke indicates a gap (husi) and is often used to indicate change in rhythm or tempo to other musicians. See also Tabla Thavil Karatalas Chande Tala-Maddale References External links Yashagana Shruti Box Software Online/WINDOWS/Linux/Mobile/iPhone/Android. Yakshagana Carnatic music instruments Hand drums Pitched percussion instruments Indian musical instruments
The United States five-dollar bill ($5) is a denomination of United States currency. The current $5 bill features U.S. president Abraham Lincoln and the Great Seal of the United States on the front and the Lincoln Memorial on the back. All $5 bills issued today are Federal Reserve Notes. , the average life of a $5 bill in circulation is 4.7 years before it is replaced due to wear. Approximately 6% of all paper currency produced by the U.S. Treasury's Bureau of Engraving and Printing in 2009 were $5 bills. Although sometimes nicknamed a "fin", which has German/Yiddish roots and is remotely related to the English "five", the term is currently far less common than it was in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is also occasionally referred to as a “fiver”. Current design The redesigned $5 bill was unveiled on September 20, 2007, and was issued on March 13, 2008 during a ceremony at President Lincoln's Cottage. Security features New and enhanced security features make it easier to check the new $5 bill and more difficult for potential counterfeiters to reproduce. The redesigned $5 bill has: Watermarks: There are now two watermarks. A large numeral "5" watermark is located in a blank space to the right of the portrait, replacing the watermark portrait of President Lincoln found on previous bills. A second watermark — a new column of three smaller "5"s — has been added and is positioned to the left of the portrait. Security thread: The embedded security thread runs vertically and is now located to the right of the portrait. The letters "USA" followed by the number "5" in an alternating pattern are visible along the thread from both sides of the bill. The thread glows blue when held under ultraviolet light (blacklight). Microprinting: The redesigned $5 bill features microprinting, which is the engraving of tiny text, on the front of the bill in three areas: the words "FIVE DOLLARS" can be found repeated inside the left and right borders of the bill; the words "E PLURIBUS UNUM" appear at the top of the shield within the Great Seal; and the word "USA" is repeated in between the columns of the shield. On the back of the bill the words "USA FIVE" appear along one edge of the large purple "5". Because they are so small, these microprinted words are hard to replicate. Red and Blue Threads: Some small red and blue threads are embedded into the paper to reveal if a higher denomination counterfeit bill has been printed on the bleached paper of a genuine lower denomination bill. Infrared Ink: The back of the five-dollar bill features sections of the bill that are blanked out when viewed in the infrared spectrum. This is consistent with other high-value US bills ($5 and up), which all feature patterns of infrared-visible stripes unique to the given denomination. Bills of other world currencies, such as the Euro, also feature unique patterns visible only when viewed in this spectrum. Anti-Photocopy Circle Pattern: Small yellow "05"s are printed to the left of the portrait on the front of the bill and to the right of the Lincoln Memorial vignette on the back. The zeros in the "05"s form a "EURion constellation" to prevent photocopying of the bill. Photocopy machines detect the particular pattern of yellow circles and refuse to make a copy. Some machines make a record of the illegal photocopy attempt, which a repair technician may report to law enforcement. The five dollar bill lacks the optically variable ink of higher denomination US bills. Design features The new $5 bills remain the same size and use the same—but enhanced—portraits and historical images. The most noticeable difference is the light-purple coloring of the center of the bill, which blends into gray near the edges. Similar to the recently redesigned $10, $20, $50, and $100 bills, the new $5 bill features an American symbol of freedom printed in the background: The Great Seal of the United States, featuring an eagle and shield, is printed in purple to the right of the portrait and an arc of purple stars surround both it and the portrait. When the Lincoln Memorial was constructed the names of 48 states were engraved on it. The picture of the Lincoln Memorial on the $5 bill only contains the names of 26 states. These are the 26 states that can be seen on the front side of the Lincoln memorial which is what is pictured on the $5 bill. On the back of the bill, a larger, purple numeral "5" appears in the lower right corner to help those with visual impairments to distinguish the denomination. This large "5" also includes the words "USA FIVE" in tiny white letters. The oval borders around President Lincoln's portrait on the front, and the Lincoln Memorial vignette on the back have been removed. Both engravings have been enhanced. Redesign On April 20, 2016, Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew announced that the $5, $10, and $20 would all undergo redesign prior to 2020. The changes would add new features to combat counterfeiting and make them easier for blind citizens to distinguish. Lew said that while Lincoln would remain on the obverse, the reverse would be redesigned to depict various historical events that had occurred at the Lincoln Memorial. Among the planned designs are images from Martin Luther King Jr. giving his 1963 speech "I Have a Dream" and the 1939 concert by opera singer Marian Anderson. , the Treasury has continued work on the $20 bill; the redesigns of the $5 and $10 were not mentioned. Large size note history (approximately 7.4218 × 3.125 in ≅ 189 × 79 mm) 1861: The first $5 bill was issued as a Demand Note with a small portrait of Alexander Hamilton on the right and an allegorical statue representing freedom on the left side of the obverse. 1862: The first $5 United States Note was issued with a face design similar to the previous Demand Note and a completely revised reverse. 1869: A new $5 United States Note was issued with a small portrait of Andrew Jackson on the left and a vignette of a pioneer family in the middle. 1870: National Gold Bank Notes were issued specifically for payment in gold coin by participating banks. The obverse featured vignettes of Christopher Columbus sighting land and Columbus with an Indian Princess; the reverse featured US gold coins. 1875: The series 1869 United States Note was revised. The green tinting that was present on the obverse was removed and the design on the reverse was completely changed. 1882: A year after James A. Garfield was assassinated, a new National Banknote was issued in Brown Backs and blue seals. The Brown back had an image of an eagle on the right, and two horses with another eagle on the right. The blue seal had George Washington on the reverse. 1886: The first $5 silver certificate was issued with a portrait of Ulysses S. Grant on the obverse and five Morgan silver dollars on the reverse. 1890: Five-dollar Treasury or "Coin Notes" were issued and given for government purchases of silver bullion from the silver mining industry. The reverse featured an ornate design that occupied almost the entire note. 1891: The reverse of the 1890 Treasury Note was redesigned because the treasury felt that it was too "busy" which would make it too easy to counterfeit. 1891: The reverse of the 1886 Silver Certificate was revised; the 5 Morgan silver dollars were removed. 1896: The famous "Educational Series" Silver Certificate was issued. The entire obverse was covered with artwork representing electricity and the reverse featured portraits of Ulysses Grant and Phillip Sheridan. 1899: A new $5 silver certificate with a portrait of Running Antelope on the face was issued. 1902: Another large size National Banknote was issued and had a portrait of Benjamin Harrison on the obverse. The notes had red or blue seals. 1914: The first $5 Federal Reserve Note was issued with a portrait of Lincoln on the obverse and vignettes of Columbus sighting land and the Pilgrims' landing on the reverse. The note initially had a red treasury seal and serial numbers; however, they were changed to blue. 1915: Federal Reserve Bank Notes (not to be confused with Federal Reserve Notes) were issued by 5 Federal Reserve Banks. The obverse was similar to the 1914 Federal Reserve Notes, except for large wording in the middle of the bill and a portrait with no border on the left side of the bill. Each note was an obligation of the issuing bank and could only be redeemed at the corresponding bank. 1918: The 1915 Federal Reserve Bank Note was re-issued under series 1918 by 11 Federal Reserve banks. 1923: The $5 silver certificate was redesigned; it was nicknamed a "porthole" note due to the circular wording of THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA around Lincoln's portrait. The reverse featured the Great Seal of the United States. Small size note history (6.14 × 2.61 in ≅ 156 × 66 mm) 1929: Under the Series of 1928, all small-sized notes carried a standardized design. All bills would feature a portrait of Lincoln, the same border design on the obverse, and the Lincoln Memorial on the reverse. The bill was issued as a United States Note with a red seal and serial numbers and as a Federal Reserve Note with a green seal and serial numbers. 1933: As an emergency response to the Great Depression, additional money was pumped into the American economy through Federal Reserve Bank Notes. This was the only small-sized bill that had a different border design and featured a brown treasury seal and serial numbers. 1934: The redeemable in gold clause was removed from Federal Reserve Notes due to the U.S. withdrawing from the gold standard. 1934: The first silver certificates were issued with a blue seal and serial numbers along with a blue numeral 5 on the left side of the obverse. 1942: Special World War II currency was issued. was overprinted on the front and back of the Federal Reserve Note; the serial numbers, and seal, were changed to brown from green. This was done so that the currency could be declared worthless in the event of a Japanese invasion. A silver certificate with a yellow, rather than blue, treasury seal was printed for use by U.S. troops in North Africa. These notes, too, could be declared worthless if seized by the enemy. 1950: Many minor aspects on the obverse of the Federal Reserve Note were changed. Most noticeably, the treasury and Federal Reserve seals and the gray word , were made smaller. 1953: New United States Notes and Silver Certificates were issued with a gray numeral 5 on the left side of the bill and the gray with a blue seal imprinted over it on the right and blue serial numbers. 1963: Both the United States Note and Federal Reserve Note were revised with the motto added to the reverse and removed from the obverse. Also, the obligation on the Federal Reserve Note was shortened to its current wording, . Also during this time, production of Silver Certificates end, including the . 1966: Production of the United States Note ends. 1969: The bill began using the new treasury seal with wording in English instead of Latin. 1992: The first notes at the Western Currency Facility in Fort Worth, Texas begin printing in July, during production of Series 1988A. 1994: Series 1993 $5 notes received new-age anti-counterfeiting measures, featuring microscopic printing around Lincoln's portrait and a plastic security strip on the left side of the bill. The bill, however, does not feature color-shifting ink like the higher denominations. The first notes were printed in December, 1999. Series dates Small size See also Where's George? References Honest Abe to Get Makeover on $5 Bill (AP via Federal News Radio) External links Interactive graphic from Portfolio.com. Shows the design features and history of the $5 bill. Also, compares security features to that of the Euro. $5 Note 1861 establishments in the United States Currencies introduced in 1861 Abraham Lincoln in art Five-base-unit banknotes 005
Felix Werner Wolfgang Drinkuth (born 20 October 1994) is a German footballer who plays as a right winger for VfB Lübeck. Career In January 2019, Drinkuth joined 2. Bundesliga club SC Paderborn from Eintracht Norderstedt, before immediately being loaned out to Sportfreunde Lotte in the 3. Liga for the remainder of the season. Drinkuth made his professional debut for Sportfreunde Lotte in the 3. Liga on 25 January 2019, coming on as a substitute in the 85th minute for Maximilian Oesterhelweg in the 1–1 home draw against 1860 Munich. On 26 July 2019, Drinkuth was loaned out to Hallescher FC until the end of 2019–20 season. On 24 July 2019, Drinkuth joined FSV Zwickau on a 1-year deal. Personal life Drinkuth's uncle, Reenald Koch, is a former professional footballer who played for FC St. Pauli and Altona 93, and is the president of Eintracht Norderstedt. Drinkuth's cousin Philipp Koch (Reenald's son) is also a footballer for Eintracht Norderstedt, where they played alongside each other from 2016 until 2019. Honours FC Eintracht Norderstedt 03 Hamburg Cup: 2016–17 References External links Profile at DFB.de Profile at kicker.de 1994 births Living people People from Henstedt-Ulzburg Footballers from Schleswig-Holstein German men's footballers Men's association football wingers FC St. Pauli II players Eintracht Braunschweig II players FC Eintracht Norderstedt 03 players SC Paderborn 07 players Sportfreunde Lotte players Hallescher FC players FSV Zwickau players FC Carl Zeiss Jena players VfB Lübeck players 3. Liga players Regionalliga players
Rowan's Report is an ITV documentary series, shown over nineteen fifteen minute episodes. The series follows Nick Rowan as each week he interviews some of the country's most successful children. The series was produced by Yorkshire Television and distributed by Thames Television. Episodes Series 1 Series 2 References External links Rowan's Report at British Film Institute Rowan's Report at IMDb 1980s British drama television series 1982 British television series debuts 1983 British television series endings ITV documentaries English-language television shows Television shows set in the United Kingdom
A military mascot, also known as a ceremonial pet or regimental mascot, is a pet animal maintained by a military unit as a mascot for ceremonial purposes and/or as an emblem of that unit. It differs from a military animal in that it is not employed for use directly in warfare as a weapon or for transport. History British Army units began to adopt non-working military animals in order to strengthen morale and to be used as a mascot/symbolic emblems for the unit in the 18th century. Animals that were adopted as military mascots were typically brought over by soldiers who went overseas, or were stray animals that were adopted by the unit along the way. However, some mascots were specifically gifted to a unit. Although military mascots typically only served a ceremonial purpose, some animals kept by military units have been utilized for other uses in addition to their role as mascots. Australia The practice of adopting animal mascots in the armed forces has a long history. Many Australian Imperial Force battalions in World War I brought all sorts of animals along with them, including dogs, kangaroos, koalas and even a Tasmanian devil. These animals offered companionship for the troops, were a way of expressing national pride, raised morale, and offered soldiers some relief from the harsh realities of war. There are many ways that the animals were sourced, including advertising in the newspaper. An advertisement in the Ballarat Courier in March 1916 reads, Nearly all of the brigades and battalions which have left our shores for the front have had a mascot of one kind or another... The 39th Battalion, which will bear the name of our city, Ballarat, is not yet possessed of a mascot. A gift of a well-bred fox terrier or bull pup would be much appreciated. There are also examples of call outs for wallabies or kangaroos to be sent to training camps as mascots, and others were provided to battalions as gifts. Some accounts of the acquisition of mascots indicate a rather ad-hoc approach. The Queenslander in December 1914 featured the newly adopted koala mascot of the Second Queensland Contingent Light Horse ('The bear was discovered during a route march to Sandgate, and one of the men climbed the tree and secured it. The koala was at once adopted by the regiment'). Some mascots were accidentally lost prior to embarkation such as the bulldog named Colonel Stone, of the 42nd Battalion, in April 1916. Several units of the Australian Army maintain their own mascots. A number of battalions of the Royal Australian Regiment maintain their own mascot. The mascot for 1st Battalion is a Shetland pony named Septimus; the mascot for 5th Battalion is a Sumatran tiger named Quintus; and the mascot of 6th Battalion is a blue heeler named Ridgeliegh Blue. Several units of the Royal Australian Engineers also use a mascot. 2nd Combat Engineer Regiment uses an Australian Terrier named Driver as a mascot; while 3rd Combat Engineer Regiment uses a dingo named Wooly. Other Australian units that have a mascot include the 2nd Cavalry Regiment, which uses a wedge-tailed eagle named Courage. The 1st Aviation Regiment has a peregrine falcon named Penny Alert. Canada The tradition of adopting military mascots with Canadian military units originates from British military tradition, with British military units having adopted animal mascots while deployed in Canada. During the late-1830s, a goat named Jacob was used as a mascot for the Citadelle of Quebec. Jacob was later brought to the United Kingdom 1842 and died in 1846. While in the United Kingdom he was awarded a Good Conduct Ring. Other examples of military mascots used by British units deployed in Canada include a bear adopted by the 83rd Regiment of Foot while they were in Canada during the 1840s. Canadian Army The official mascot of the Canadian Army is an anthropomorphic polar bear named Juno. The mascot was named after a naming contest was held in 2003. A live polar bear was later adopted as the "living mascot" of Juno, with the polar bear that was adopted being born on Remembrance Day at the Toronto Zoo in 2015. Named Juno, and made an honorary private of the army before he was promoted to an honorary corporal on his first birthday. On 11 November 2020, he was promoted to an honorary master corporal. Several individual Canadian Army units have also adopted a live animal as a mascot for their units. During the Second World War, the 8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's) found an injured filly while on deployment during the Italian campaign. The filly was nursed back to health by the unit and was adopted as its mascot, named Princess Louise. Princess Louise was later smuggled with the unit after they were redeployed to northwestern Europe. Princess Louise was finally retired in 1971, with another horse named Princess Louise II taking her place as the regimental mascot. Goats have also become a common mascot amongst units and installations in the army. In 1955, Queen Elizabeth II presented the Royal 22e Régiment with a bezoar ibex that descended from a pair of goats gifted to Queen Victoria by the Shah of Persia. Named Batisse, the Queen continued to send replacement goats to the unit until a breeding pair found in 1972, securing the succession of the mascots for the unit. The unit has maintained 10 goats, all named Batisse as of 2011. Other units and installations that used goats as a mascot includes the Royal Canadian Dragoons, who adopted Peter the Goat during the First World War; and CFB Borden, who adopted Sergeant W. Marktime the goat in 1957. In addition to living animals, some Canadian units also used inanimate objects as their unit's mascot. A First Nations pewter figurine originally attached to a factory in Picton, Ontario, was used as the mascot for the Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment. Named Little Chief, the unit brought the mascot over to Europe when it was deployed during the Second World War. However, the mascot was lost in June 1940 while the unit was deployed as a part of the Second British Expeditionary Force to France during Operation Aerial. A solid pine replacement was ordered and was shipped to the unit to Europe later during the Second World War. Mascot formerly used by Canadian Army units includes Winnipeg or Winnie, a female black bear and mascot used by the Canadian Army Veterinary Corps (later renamed the Royal Canadian Army Veterinary Corps) during the First World War. Winnipeg was acquired by Lieutenant Harry Colebourn in White River, Ontario, and was named after Colebourn's hometown of Winnipeg. While with Colebourn, Winnipeg served as the pet for 2nd Canadian Infantry Brigade headquarters while it was located in the United Kingdom, and as a mascot for the veterinary corps. However orders were given in December 1914 to remove Winnipeg from brigade headquarters, as he would not be able to accompany them on the battlefields of France. Winnipeg was initially loaned to the London Zoo while Colebourn was on deployment, although he later opted to donate him to the zoo after the war. Winnipeg later served as the inspiration for A. A. Milne's Winnie-the-Pooh, who frequented the zoo with his son, Christopher Robin Milne. The 101st Regiment also adopted a mascot during the First World War, Lestock the coyote, that was also donated to a zoo in London after the unit was redeployed to France in 1915. Lestock likeness was later adopted as a part of the unit's cap badge. The mascot of the Royal Newfoundland Regiment was a Newfoundland dog named Sable Chief, presented to the unit during the First World War. Sable Chief was later struck by a vehicle by accident and died, although his stuffed remains were later brought back to St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. Other former mascots used by Canadian Army units includes Wallace the St. Bernard, used by the Canadian Scottish Regiment during the Second World War; Heather the Aberdeen terrier, used by the Calgary Highlanders during the Second World War; and Petty Office Wilbur Duck, an orange-billed white duck used by the Canadian Airborne Regiment during the 1970s. Royal Canadian Air Force The 444 Tactical Helicopter Squadron also used an inanimate object as a mascot, a metal-fashioned hooded snake modelled after the unit's squadron badge. Named Cecil the Snake, the mascot was acquired in Germany while the unit was deployed as a part of Canadian Forces Europe. Because the sculpture had become the target of pranks from the unit's peers in the Royal Canadian Air Force, the metal snake was rarely left out in the open, and its security was entrusted to a junior officer in the unit. Other mascots used by the air force units includes a sculpture of a golden yellow-leg named Twillick, used by the Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron. Royal Canadian Navy The Royal Canadian Navy named an anthropomorphic Newfoundland dog as its official mascot; named SONAR as a result of a naming contest in 2010. Several Royal Canadian Navy ships also used inanimate objects as "living mascots". HMCS Fraser used a mounted the head of a golden buck in its bulkhead as a "living" mascot for the ship whereas used a stuffed penguin named Percy the Penguin as a mascot. During the 1970s, HMCS Gatineau adopted a live animal as a mascot, Tom the Pigeon. The pigeon was adopted by ship in 1972, after it landed exhausted on its deck when the ship was sailing back to its home port from New Zealand. India One of the earliest Indian military mascots, dating back to the time of the British Indian Army, sheep named Chinta Bahadur nicknamed 'Chintey' have been with the 5th battalion of the 5th Gorkha Rifles since 1944 when the gurkhas fought in the Burma campaign against Japan. Rifleman Chinta Bahadur was one of the soldiers who went missing in action during the battle.Although his body could not be located after days of searching, the unit was followed back to its destination by a sheep which later became the ceremonial pet of the unit as a way to keep rifleman Bahadur alive in the traditions of the regiment. Chinta Bahadurs report to PT sessions, attend ceremonial functions wearing a coat designed for them and are taken care of by soldiers from the battalion. The first ever military mascot of the Indian military after independence was presented to the ceremonial band of the Army Medical Corps (AMC) on April 16, 1951, after the marching band of Maharaja Jiwajirao Scindia's Gwalior army was merged with the band of the AMC during the amalgamation of the Gwalior State and its army with the newly formed independent state of India.The Maharaja had sent a black Marwari goat named Munna as a gift to the band of the Indian Army's medical corps.Munna was conferred the rank of a non commissioned officer and became the official military mascot of the band.The present Munna is the ninth in the lineage.The Munna participates in all military ceremonies in which the band is involved and wears an official uniform which consists of musical ankle bells,a maroon scarf, a silver sautoir, headgear bondage hood with feather and insignia of AMC along with three strips revealing his rank. The Kumaon Regiment of the army has had a mountain goat,SATVIR as their ceremonial mascot since 1963,when a long range patrol team of the 7th Kumaon Battalion was followed back to the units centre by a white mountain goat.The goat was adopted by the unit as and informally named as SATVIR by a team of officers.On the 3rd anniversary of the unit on 11 September 1965,the goat was formally recognized as its mascot and conferred the rank of Lance Naik. SATVIR was promoted to the rank of Naik in 1968 and later Havildar in 1971.SATVIRS are picked from the hilly regions of Kumaon and have an understudy who takes over after the current SATVIR retires.The SATVIR receives the commanding officer of the unit every morning with a handshake and a salute and participate in ceremonies, where he wears a ceremonial cape.The SATVIR goes for a run with the troops on Physical Training Parade at morning and attends the games parade at night.The SATVIR accompanies the unit all over the country, traveling in the special military train with the soldiers. With time the SATVIRSs have come to be seen as a symbol of the unit, because of which the 7th battalion is also known as the SATVIR Battalion.SATVIRs retire at around the age of 10 and are replaced by their understudies.After death, they are given a military funeral and buried after a 3 gun salute.The present SATVIR is the sixth in the line. New Zealand The New Zealand Army has had a practice of bringing regimental pets since World War I and personnel have continued doing so through most conflicts the army has taken part in such as the Korean War, Malayan Emergency, Vietnam War and more recently in Afghanistan. The last surviving veteran of Gallipoli is in fact a tortoise brought back from that battle. Norway The Norwegian His Majesty The King's Guard has a penguin called Nils Olav as an official mascot and its colonel-in-chief. South Africa Jackie (Pretoria, 1913 - May 23, 1921) was a female baboon owned by Albert Marr accepted as mascot of the 3rd (Transvaal & Rhodesian) South African Regiment. After three years of enduring all the trench warfare ordeal at the Western front, Jackie was seriously wounded in the German Spring Offensive (Battle of the Lys), April 17 or 18th, in front of Wijtschaete (East Kemmel sector). Due to shell fragmentation Jackie lost his right leg, broke his left foot and had a jagged wound in the arm. He was treated by Capt. dr. RN Woodsend, a young R.A.M.C. surgeon on the frontline. Jackie's gender was revealed by Lt-Col W.J.S. Harvey, D.S.O., R.A.M.C. during hospitalization in Casualty Clearing Station No 36 (Watten, France); why her sex was concealed remains unclear. In London, (s)he marched in the Lord Major's parade and back in Pretoria he was given the Pretoria Citizen's Service Medal and promoted corporal. He suffered chronic wound infection of his stump and died from blood poisoning May 23, 1921, despite the good medical care provided by the renowned Prof. dr. C. Pijper. Jackie was buried at the family smallholding at Villieria and a regimental headstone was put over his grave. Spain The current mascot of the Spanish Legion is a goat. It usually appears at parades and ceremonies to lead the marching troops. It is usually dressed in a Legion side cap and accompanied by a Legionary, alongside the Legion's marker guard (gastadores). Other animals have been used by the Legion in the past, including Barbary apes (the only wild monkey species in Europe), Barbary sheep, bears, and parrots. Sri Lanka The mascot of the Sri Lanka Light Infantry is Kandula the elephant. United Kingdom Regiments of the British Army have long been prone to adopt members of the animal world as their mascots: dogs, goats and ponies are just a few that have graced ceremonial parades. When the custom of having regimental mascots first started is not clear; the earliest record is that of a goat belonging to the Royal Welsh Fusiliers in the 1775 American War of Independence. Some mascots in the British Army are indicative of the recruiting area of a regiment, such as the Derbyshire Ram, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Irish Wolfhounds and Welsh Goats. Boy (also Boye), a white hunting poodle of Prince Rupert, has been recorded as the first official British Army Dog. British Army mascots are classified as either regimental pets or regimental mascots. The former are unofficial mascots since they are not recognized by the Army, while the latter are official mascots, having been recognized by the Army. Official British Army mascots are entitled to the services of the Royal Army Veterinary Corps, as well as quartering and food at public expense. It costs the Army roughly £40,000 a year for the upkeep of official mascots. There are also mascots whose upkeep are borne by the regiment or unit itself. They are unofficial mascots which are properly referred to as regimental pets. The Army is keen in preserving the distinction between pets kept by the soldiers and official mascots of the regiments. The case for official mascot recognition is presented before the Army Honours and Distinction Committee. By getting an official status, the mascot receives a regimental number, assumes a proper rank with prospects of promotion and gets its fair share of Army rations. There are three rules set down in 1953 that need to be hurdled to get official mascot status. First, the regiment must comply with the welfare guidelines issued by the Army Veterinary Corps to ensure that the mascot is properly fed and housed. Second, the regiment's commanding officer must give approval before the case goes to the Army Honours and Distinctions Committee. Third, the committee will consider whether the mascot is "appropriate", can take an active part in army life, including ceremonial occasions, and have a symbolic and historic connection with the regiment. A total of seventeen ceremonial pets are kept by eleven Army regiments, but only ten are recognized as official regimental mascots by the Army. It is a privilege jealously guarded by those who have it. So far, the animals that have made the grade of official regimental mascot are the horse, pony, wolfhound, goat, ram and antelope. 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards The 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards' mascot is a Welsh Mountain Pony named Emrys. On 26 February 2016, Her Majesty The Queen graciously accepted the recommendation of the Army Honours and Distinctions Committee that 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards be allowed to keep a mascot. A Welsh Mountain Pony was selected to reflect the Regiment's Welsh heritage. The Mascot's full title is 16851959 Tpr Emrys Forlan Jones. His number embodies the years of formation for the Queen's Bays and King's Dragoon Guards and the year they were amalgamated to form the QDG in 1959. Emrys is a name steeped in Welsh history and mythology. Forlan is the name of the person who donated the mascot to the regiment. Jones is a common surname in the QDG, so is always accompanied by the last three numbers of the soldiers service number. Because of this, Emrys can also be known as Tpr Jones 959. Emrys is bay-coloured as was the tradition of the QDG's antecedent Regiment, The Queen's Bays. The Mascot is accompanied by a handler, known as the 'Farrier Major'. He is identified by a unique rank insignia for the Regiment; four inverted chevrons, an inverted horseshoe and crown. Emrys and the Farrier Major live and train at Robertson Barracks in Norfolk. Royal Scots Dragoon Guards The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards' mascot is a drum horse named Talavera. The present mascot of the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards is named Talavera. He is an official regimental mascot and has his own rank and ration book. His predecessor, named Ramillies, was presented to the Regiment by their Colonel-in-Chief, Her Majesty The Queen at the Royal Windsor Horse Show in 1987 and assumed his duties in 1989. Ramillies was a very large horse, standing over 18 hands high. After participating in the Edinburgh Military Tattoo in August 2002, he was sent to retirement and died in November 2002. Queen's Royal Hussars Queen's Royal Hussars' mascot is a drum horse named Alamein. Drum horses are used by British cavalry units in ceremonials as part of their regimental bands. As their name suggests, these horses carry two kettle drums, plus a rider. Because the drums are made of solid silver, a drum horse must be big and powerful to carry this great weight. The drum horse's main role is to stand still on parades. The tradition of the drum horse dates back to the mid-eighteenth century. By command of King George II, the two silver kettle drums captured at sword's point by the King's Own Regiment of Dragoons, later the 3rd The King's Own Hussars, from the French at the Battle of Dettingen in 1743 are to be carried by a drum horse ridden by a Sergeant Kettle Drummer on ceremonial occasions - a custom still observed by the Queen's Royal Hussars which have always had drum horses. They are a special and central part of the Regiment. They play centre stage during ceremonial occasions as the drum horse for the cavalrymen. The present drum horse is officially named Alamein after one of the Regiment's battle honours. The soldiers of the Regiment gave him the nickname Dudley after the West Midlands town where many of their troops are recruited. Dudley was given to the Regiment in March 2008. The five-year-old Irish Grey gelding was reared at Abergavenny's Triley Fields Equestrian Centre in Monmouthshire. He is still young and wary but is already part of the soldiers' affections even before he has gotten to know everybody. Dudley is fairly massive, around 19 hands high (approximately 190 cm) and has large hooves. He is kept at the Paderborn Equestrian Centre, close to the regimental barracks. The predecessor drum horse, named Winston, which was presented by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, died in 2006. A drum horse remains the regimental mascot for life. An earlier drum horse mascot named Peninsula, a gray Clydesdale, was also presented by HM The Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother in 1988. The soldier who looks after Dudley is known as Horse's Groom. He is the one responsible for turning Dudley from being just a large animal into a drum horse. He exercises Dudley by taking him for a couple of walks around the yard as the drum horse is ridden only on parades. The Horse's Groom assists the rider with tacking up and getting the horse ready for parades. The drum horse has an unusual steering mechanism. Normally horses' reins are steered with the hands, but drum horses' reins are steered with a rider's feet. Parachute Regiment Two Shetland Ponies named Pegasus and Falkland have been used as mascots for the Parachute Regiment. The first pony mascot within The Parachute Regiment dates back to 1950, when Lt. Ben C. Arkle presented the 1st Battalion with a Black New Forest pony called Pegasus I. The 2nd Battalion were next to have a mascot when they purchased a black gelding in 1954, called Bruneval I. In August 1954, the 3rd Battalion also purchased their mascot, a White Welsh pony stallion, and called him Coed Coch Samswn. The three pony mascots were to parade together for the first time on 15 April 1955 during a visit by His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh to Rushmoor Arena. It was only in June 1955, after a request by the Regimental Council to the War Office, that permission was granted to the regiment to have pony mascots. At the conference of Commanding Officers on 11 November 1965, it was agreed that the battalions should no longer have their own pony mascots. The main reasons were the rising costs of looking after them, finding suitable accommodation and handlers. It was also impractical for the mascots to accompany battalions overseas as they moved by air. The decision was endorsed by the Regimental Council on 12 November 1965. All battalion mascots had found new homes outside the Regiment by 1966. Pegasus I of I Para and Coed Cock Samswn of III Para were taken by the East Riding branch of the Parachute Regimental Association (PRA). Bruneval II was sold to the Juniors Leaders Regiment RCT Taunton. Pte. Ringway, a Skewbald Miniature Shetland Stallion, then became the official Regimental Mascot. He was presented to the Regiment by the PRA in 1962 and was looked after by the Junior Parachute Company at Depot PARA, except when it was required with a battalion abroad. He progressed through the ranks. Following a successful performance at the Allied Forces Parade in 1975, while in Berlin with 1 PARA, he was promoted to Sergeant. The German press and National TV were invited to the barracks to see him march into the Sergeants' mess by the Band and Drums and given his new Sergeant's coat by the commanding officer. On being taken into the mess, the Regimental Sgt. Major read him the mess rules. The Mayor of Spandau sent him his congratulations and a bag of carrots, while an elderly lady sent twenty Deutschmarks to buy food. He died while still with 1 PARA in Berlin in 1975. Obituary notices were placed in the Times and Telegraph newspapers. After the death of Sgt. Ringway, records from the Airborne Assault Archive show that there was some discussion whether the Regiment should continue to have a mascot. However, in February 1977, Sgt. Tex Banwell presented the regiment a Shetland pony which was named Pegasus II (or Peggy to the soldiers). He was flown out to Berlin on a Hercules to join 2 PARA. During the Queen's Birthday Parade in 1977, he collapsed from sun stroke but recovered. He was promoted to lance corporal in 1978 after being inspected by the colonel-in-chief, the Prince of Wales. In 1979, he was euthanized following a leg injury. On 5 May 1980, the next Shetland pony mascot, Pte. Pegasus III, was donated to the Regiment by Mr. Peter Heims as a replacement to Lance Corporal Pegasus II. Pte. Pegasus III came to the Regiment aged 5 years old, having been rescued from a life of neglect and mistreatment. On 13 May 1980, he was inspected on parade by the Colonel-in-Chief. Following his steadiness on parade on Airborne Forces Day in 1980 and participation in the parade of the Royal Wedding, he was promoted in July 1981 to lance corporal. This was followed by promotions to corporal in March 1983 and sergeant in January 1990. Not all public duties went according to plan. During an appearance in 1991 at the Savoy Hotel, he fell asleep while on public duty. Then on the occasion of the Queen Mother's Birthday Parade, he attended a call of nature while on parade. In July 1985, because of concerns over the health of Sgt. Pegasus III, it was decided to acquire a second pony as a stable companion, to be trained ready to take over. The new pony, a three-year-old brown Shetland pony named Dodger, was presented to the Regiment by Mrs. Mary Dipley of Stroud, Kent in July 1986. In his younger years Dodger was described as having a "frisky temperament" that frustrated the efforts of the Pony Major to train him for ceremonial duties. On the 50th Anniversary of the Parachute Regiment in July 1992, Dodger was renamed "Falkland", as tradition only allows the use of a battle honour as a name ten years after the event. Meanwhile, the health of Sgt. Pegasus III recovered and he was soon on parade for the Paras. Sgt. Pegasus also participated in the wedding ceremony of Sgt. Soane, his Pony Major, in 1990. In November 2001, the mascots were moved from Aldershot to Colchester to co-locate with the new RHQ and the Regimental Band. The present mascots are Lance Corporal Pegasus IV and Falkland I. The predecessor mascot, Sgt Pegasus III, retired in November 1998 while one of the present mascots, Falkland I is retiring soon. He is still fit and well, but the Regiment has decided that it is time for him to end his military service since he will be 26 years old in January 2009. Falkland was offered a retirement home by Rosie Gibson (who was formally married to CO 1 Para Brig Paul Gibson) at Shetland Pony Club in Cobham Surrey. Still healthy in 2015, he is popular with child visitors and took part in the 30th anniversary of the Falklands War parade where he led the veterans, led by the son of former Co 1 Para Dick Trigger. Falkland was also the guest of honour at the 2014 Remembrance Calvacade in Albury Surrey to remember the War Horses lost in WWI. Falkland also attends community fetes, raising money for combat stress. The Regiment is now looking for a black Shetland pony, preferably a gelding, and under 6 years old, as replacement for Falkland I. The new Shetland mascot needs to be placid and good at marching up and down. It also needs to be capable of standing still for prolonged periods of time, and it must be good with children and the public since they get so much attention. The pony mascots are extremely well-cared for and have a home for life. The pony mascots travel round the country (United Kingdom), leading parades and marching in front of veterans and the Regiment. They also travel to local shows to greet their public and even as far as France and the Netherlands each year for the military anniversaries. In winter, it is quieter for the ponies, but they are regularly exercised and lunged. Royal Regiment of Scotland Two Shetland Ponies named Cruachan and Islay are used as regimental mascots for the Royal Regiment of Scotland. There have been three Shetland pony mascots in the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, all called Cruachan (IV). The pony and his mate are looked after by a "Pony Major" whose duties include their welfare and leading Cruachan during his many appearances at Highland games, fairs, military parades and annual Edinburgh Tattoo. The first, Cruachan I (1929 - 1939), formally became the Regimental Mascot in 1929 when he was presented to the 1st Battalion, The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders by Her Royal Highness Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll. The third Cruachan retired in 2012 and will be replaced by the fourth. After the Scottish regiments merged to become constituent battalions of the Royal Regiment of Scotland, Cruachan was adopted as the regimental mascot. The current mascot is Cruachan IV. In July 1928, HRH Princess Louise, Colonel-in-Chief of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, visited the 1st Battalion at Shorncliffe. Before leaving, Her Royal Highness intimated that she wants to make some presentation to the Battalion to mark her visit and asked what the officers and men would like. It was suggested that if she presented the Battalion with a mascot, such as a Shetland pony, they would constantly be reminded of their Colonel-in-Chief. Princess Louise was delighted with the suggestion, and a few days after her return to London, she wrote saying that she had already seen the Shetland pony which she will propose to give to the Battalion. The Shetland was the smallest pony in Lady Hunloke's herd and because of this was known as "Tom Thumb". In accepting the gift, it was suggested that the Battalion rename the pony with a more imposing name. With Lady Hunloke's approval, the Battalion named him Cruachan after Ben Cruachan, an iconic mountain in the regiment's namesake lieutenancy of Argyll and Bute. Rather appropriately it was also the battle cry of the Clan Campbell, of which the Duke of Argyll was Chief. Cruachan I was led by a drummer boy during parades, as it was some years before a Pony Major was appointed. Cruachan's spirit was well known to the soldiers of the Battalion. He could do a number of tricks on request, such as standing on an upturned bucket to "give a paw", if offered sugar and rearing up on his hind legs. However, his playfulness also extended to kicking unwary passers-by and escaping from his stable. Occasionally he could be seen running around camp with a number of soldiers in pursuit. Cruachan I was regimental mascot until he retired in 1939 when the Battalion went on active service in Palestine. He was put out to grass at a farm near Oxford, where he died on 11 April 1942 at the age of 17. The next regimental mascot was Cruachan II (1952 - 1979), whose full name was Cruachan of Braes of Greenock. He was a dark-brown Shetland pony, standing 9 hands high. He was born on 14 April 1950. His sire was Bergastor of Transy (1360) and his dam was Pamina OF Transy (4667). He was bred by the wife of Lt. Colonel Roger G. Hyde, an officer in the Regiment, at the Braes of Greenock in Callander. Cruachan II was presented to the regiment by Mrs. Roger G. Hyde on 17 August 1952 at Princes Street Station in Edinburgh when the 1st Battalion returned to the United Kingdom from service in Hong Kong and Korea. His first parade was eight days later when he led the Battalion down Princes Street. Enormous crowds lined the streets to watch the parade, and although it was his first appearance, Cruachan was very well-behaved. He immediately caught the imagination of the public and was always in demand for events such as the Edinburgh Military Tattoo and the Horse of the Year Show. Cruachan became infamous for his stubborn temperament and fondness for beer, particularly Guinness. He bit the glove of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II who was inspecting the Argylls on parade; the Queen, who was very fond of horses, went over to pat him and he bit the flowers she was holding. On more than one occasion he was "punished" for drunk behaviour while on duty by being locked up in the stables with his pony major. Cruachan II held the rank of lance corporal. He retired from active duty to a farm in Oxfordshire in 1979 after serving the regiment for 27 years and died at age 35 on 2 September 1985. The last regimental mascot of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders as an independent regiment was Cruachan III, who was presented to the regiment in October 1995 when he was six years old. Cruachan was purchased by private subscription of the serving soldiers and officers of the regiment. He is a black Shetland pony stallion, standing 9.1 hands high and comes from the Regimental area, Alloa. His sire was Harviestown Phyllapine (3003), a Reserve Champion at the Highland Show, and his dam was Harviestown Sylemma (13874). On ceremonial occasions, Cruachan is dressed in a green tartan saddlecloth which is bordered with yellow and embroidered on both sides with the Royal Regiment of Scotland badge and cipher in gold and silver thread. On the saddlecloth is a stripe of a lance corporal and five medals: Northern Ireland, Iraq, Bosnia, The Queen's Jubilee and an Accumulative Service Medal. He wears an in-hand bridle with a red and white diced headband and a snaffle bit, and over his saddlecloth he wears a black leather roller and crupper. His first public appearance was in a parade with the 1st Battalion on Balaklava Day at a Drumhead Service held on the Battalion Square before the Director of Infantry on 25 October 1995. On 2 July 2011, Her Majesty The Queen accompanied by the Duke of Edinburgh presented the new colours of six of the seven battalions of the Royal Regiment of Scotland in Holyrood Park in Edinburgh. On this historic day during the Presentation of the Colours Parade, Cruachan III marched in front of all six battalions of the Regiment. Cruachan III was promoted to lance corporal from private in 2001. He was reclassified as a battalion mascot in 2006 as the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders was amalgamated with five other Scottish regiments to form the Royal Regiment of Scotland. The Argylls became the 5th Battalion of this new large regiment on 28 March 2006. Cruachan was reinstated as a regimental mascot when he was adopted as mascot of the Royal Regiment of Scotland in 2009. He used to live near Sterling, Scotland with a stable companion Shetland pony named Islay. They now live in Redford Barracks, Edinburgh, Scotland. In 2011, he celebrated his 22nd birthday. He made his final public appearance at the 2012 Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo and retired. Royal Irish Regiment An Irish Wolfhound named Brian Boru is used as a mascot for the Royal Irish Regiment. In 1970, an Irish Wolfhound, named Brian Boru I, was presented as mascot by a Major Hayes, an officer in the Royal Irish Rangers, on his retirement. Brian Boru became the mascot of the Royal Irish Regiment when it was formed in 1992 with the amalgamation of the Royal Irish Rangers and the Ulster Defence Regiment. The name Brian Boru was to be used for all succeeding mascots, with just the addition of a Roman numeral to denote succession. The present mascot is Brian Boru IX whose wolfhound name is Finn. He was recruited in April 2011 when he was a twelve-week-old puppy. He was born on 8 January 2011 when the Regiment was in theatre in Afghanistan. His predecessor, Brian Boru VIII also called by his wolfhound name, Merlin, died of a heart attack on 16 December 2010 at age 6. The regimental mascot is based in Tern Hill near Market Drayton. Irish Guards An Irish Wolfhound named Turlough Mor (kennel name Seamus) is used as the mascot for the Irish Guards. The Regimental Mascot is an Irish Wolfhound. The first mascot was presented to the Irish Guards in 1902 by the members of the Irish Wolfhound Club, who hoped the publicity would increase the breed's popularity with the public. It was named Brian Boru, after one of Ireland's legendary chieftains and given the nickname Paddy. There have been 16 more since, all named after Irish High Kings or legendary chieftains. The mascot is a firm favourite of both the Regiment and the public. It leads the battalion on all major parades. The present regimental mascot, Seamus, is currently in training and will make his first official appearance on St Patrick's Day 2022. On 26 July 1961, the wolfhound mascot was admitted to the select group of official Army mascots entitling him to the services of the Royal Army Veterinary Corps, as well as quartering and food at public expense. Originally, the mascot was in the care of a drummer boy, but is now looked after by one of the regiment's drummers and his family. However, new mascots spend their first six months at Regimental Headquarters under the watchful eye of the regimental adjutant so they can be gradually introduced to regimental life. The Irish Guards are the only Guards regiment permitted to have their mascot lead them on parade. During the Trooping the Colour, however, the mascot marches only from Wellington Barracks to as far as Horse Guards Parade. He then falls out and does not participate in the trooping itself. The mascot has never been dressed up on parades but there are certain occasions that the wearing of a cape is acceptable. In principle, it is intended that the red linen cape should only be worn by the mascot on State ceremonial occasions. It is worn when tunics are worn and the Drum Major is wearing State Dress. It may also be worn on special occasions as directed by the 1st Battalion Adjutant or the regimental adjutant. When greatcoats are worn and the Drum Major wears State Dress, the mascot wears a blue-grey cape. However, the overriding influence is the weather because the animal is never allowed to be distressed by the heat on parade. The mascots of the Irish Guards from 1902 to present are Brian Boru (1902–1910), Leitrim Boy (1910–1917), Doran (1917–1924), Cruachan (1924–1929), Pat (1951–1953), Shaun (1960–1967), Fionn (1967–1976), Cormac (1976–1985), Connor (1985–1992), Malachy (1992–1994), Cuchulain (1995–2000), Aengus (2000–2003), Donnchadh (2003–2005), Fergal (2006–2007), Conmael (2009–2012), Domhnall (2013–2019) and Turlough Mor (Seamus) (2020-date). The Royal Welsh The Royal Welsh use three Kashmir goats. The name of the mascot for the 1st Battalion (formerly The Royal Welsh Fusiliers) is goat named Billy. The tradition of goat mascots in the military dates from at least 1775. During the American War of Independence in 1775 a wild goat wandered onto a battlefield in Boston, and ended up leading the Welsh regimental Colours off the battlefield at the end of the Battle of Bunker Hill. Since then a goat has served with the Battalion. In 1884, Queen Victoria presented the regiment, then called the Royal Welch Fusiliers, with a Kashmir goat from her royal herd, and a tradition was started. The British Monarchy has presented an unbroken series of Kashmir goats to the Royal Welch Fusiliers from the Crown's own royal herd. The royal goat herd was originally obtained from Mohammad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia from 1834 to 1848, when he presented them to Queen Victoria as a gift in 1837 upon her accession to the throne. All the goats are called William (anglicised version of Gwylim) Windsor, or Billy for short. Their primary duty is to march at the head of the battalion on all ceremonial event. The present goat mascot, Fusilier William Windsor, was chosen from a herd of goats living on the Great Orme in Llandudno on 13 June 2009. After his selection, months of work followed to get him used to his fellow soldiers and to make him learn what is expected of him. As the goat progressed, he was taught to get used to sounds and noises coming from marching soldiers. The predecessor mascot, Lance Corporal William Windsor, a Kashmir goat from the royal herd at Whipsnade Zoo in Bedfordshire, was presented to the Regiment by Queen Elizabeth II in 2001. Following eight years of distinguished military service, he retired on 20 May 2009 due to his age. As he left Dale Barracks, Chester for the last time, hundreds of soldiers from the Battalion lined the route from his pen to the trailer to say farewell and thank you for his many years of good service. He was led into the trailer by the battalion's Goat Major in full ceremonial dress that included a silver headdress which was a gift from the Queen in 1955. He was taken to Whipsnade Zoo where he is spending his honourable retirement. The goat is more than a mascot; it is a full member of the battalion and in the days gone by, when it was a 1,000-strong unit, it was 999 men plus the goat. As a soldier, the goat can move up the ranks. It starts as a fusilier and if it is well-behaved and does well on parades, quite often it is promoted to lance corporal, a non-commissioned officer rank. As a full member of the battalion, he is accorded the full status and privileges of the rank. There are perks to the job of regimental mascot. Billy gets a two-a-day cigarette ration (he eats them, as traditionally, the tobacco is thought to be good for the goat) and Guinness to drink when he is older "to keep the iron up". The mascot for 2nd Battalion (formerly The Royal Regiment of Wales) is a goat named Taffy. The Regimental goat mascot was first mentioned in 1775. It was officially known as "His Majesty's Goat". During the Crimean War in 1855, the story goes that on one particularly cold night, a Private Gwilym Jenkins was on sentry duty. To keep himself warm, he placed a kid goat inside his greatcoat. However, Jenkins fell asleep. Fortunately, goats have very good hearing and the kid goat bleated when it heard movements of the enemy. Pte Jenkins was awakened by the agitated bleating of the kid goat and espied an advancing Russian patrol. He was able to warn the forward picket and the enemy was driven off. From then on, every time the 41st (Welsh) Regiment of Foot, a predecessor of the Royal Regiment of Wales, went into battle, a goat led the way as good luck. After the Crimean War, a review at Aldershot on 29 July 1856 by Her Majesty, Queen Victoria, of regiments that had returned from the Crimea was held. One of the regiments present was the 41st (Welsh) Regiment of Foot, which brought along their Russian goat mascot. On that occasion, the Queen learned of the goat mascot tradition of the Regiment, to which she promised that upon the death of the present mascot, she will replace it with one from the Royal Herd in Great Windsor Park. In 1862, the first official goat from the royal herd at Windsor was presented to the Regiment and a tradition was started. The goat is officially recorded on the battalion ration roll as Gwylim Jenkins, but he is called by his nickname, Taffy. He is also officially recorded as the regimental goat. The present battalion mascot is Taffy V who holds the rank of lance corporal. He lives in Lucknow Barracks in Tidworth, Wiltshire. Replacements for the goat mascot are traditionally selected from the royal herd kept at Whipsnade Zoo in Bedfordshire and are always named Taffy plus a Roman numeral to show succession. The soldier who looks after the goat is known as the Goat Major, who actually has the rank of a corporal. The mascot for 3rd Battalion (formerly The Royal Welsh Regiment) is a goat named Shenkin. The present battalion mascot is a Kashmir white goat, named Shenkin III, which was selected from the Queen's own herd of Royal Windsor Whites, on the Great Orme in Llandudno, North Wales on 8 September 2009. He is a direct descendant of the original mascot given to the 3rd Royal Welsh Regiment by Queen Victoria after the Crimean War. Shenkin III is residing at the Maindy Barracks in Cardiff. The predecessor goat mascot, Lance Corporal Shenkin II, died of old age at the Maindy Barracks on 14 July 2009. He has been the battalion mascot since September 1997. The Queen sent her private condolences following Shenkin's death and Buckingham Palace gave permission for the regiment to pick out a successor. Plans were also discussed for a memorial at Maindy Barracks. LCpl Shenkin II first began service at age 18 months and served for the next 12 years. During his long service, Shenkin II met the Queen, visited Prince Charles' Gloucestershire home, Highgrove, and had been to 10 Downing Street where he was tethered in the rear garden. He replaced Shenkin I, who died on the same day that Princess Diana died. The name Shenkin is the Welsh pronunciation of Jenkins. The first Shenkin was named Sospan before 1994. During the Zulu War, the first known and adopted mascot name was Gwilym Jenkins. It was named by the Royal Welsh Fusilliers for rationing purposes. Because putting a 'GOAT' down for rations would not happen, the name Gwilym was given to the goat in order to obtain his rations. Brecon war museum in South Wales records "Gwilyn Jenkins one Bail of Hay". Mercian Regiment A Swaledale Ram named Private Derby as celebrated in the song "The Derby Ram", is used as the mascot for the Mercian Regiment. Private Derby, a Swaledale ram, is the official mascot of the Mercian Regiment. He was the mascot of the Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters Regiment which inherited Private Derby from a predecessor regiment, the Sherwood Foresters and which in turn inherited him from The 95th Derbyshire Regiment. Private Derby became the mascot of the Mercian Regiment when it was formed on 1 September 2007 with the amalgamation of the Worcestershire and Sherwood Foresters with the Staffordshire and Cheshire regiments. The ram mascot is a central part of the Regiment's history and tradition and its association with the home counties of its predecessor regiments. It is a symbol of pride for the Regiment and is extremely popular with the public when it makes appearances. The first Private Derby was adopted as a mascot in 1858 by the 95th (Derbyshire) Regiment of Foot at the siege and capture of Kotah during the Indian Mutiny Campaign (1857–58). The commanding officer whilst on one of his forays within the town, noticed a fine fighting ram tethered in a temple yard. He directed Private Sullivan of the Number 1 Company to take the ram into his possession. The ram was named Private Derby and has marched nearly 3,000 miles with the soldiers of the Regiment through central India before it died in 1863. Since then, there has followed a succession of fine rams, each of which has inherited the official title of Private Derby followed by his succession number. The earlier replacement rams were acquired by the Regiment from whichever part of the world they were serving in at the time. However, since 1912 it has become the tradition for the Duke of Devonshire to select a Swaledale Ram from his Chatsworth Park flock and present it to the Regiment. It is a tradition the Duke is proud to hold, in recognition of the close association between the Regiment and the Dukes of Devonshire, whose ancestral seat is in the county of Derbyshire. However, there was a temporary departure from tradition in 1924 when the successor ram, Derby XIV, was presented to the Regiment instead by His Highness Sir Umeo Singh Bahador GCB GLSI GCIE The Mohorac of Kotah. The Army recognizes each Private Derby as a soldier and has his own regimental number and documentation. He has been held on the official strength of the Regiment since the first Private Derby. He is paid 3.75 pounds per day. In addition, he is also on the ration strength and draws his own rations like any other soldier. Private Derby even has a leave card and takes an annual holiday at Chatsworth during the mating season. He may even get a promotion if he behaves. The only record of a medal being presented to a Regimental Mascot was when Private Derby I of the 95th (Derbyshire) Regiment was awarded the Indian Service Medal with a clasp 'Central India' together with the rest of the Battalion on parade at Poona in 1862. He also fought 33 battles against other rams and was undefeated. When on parade, Private Derby wears a coat of scarlet with Lincoln green and gold facings, the whole emblazoned with the Regiment's main Battle Honours. Also on his coat is to be found a replica of his India Mutiny Medal. In addition, he now wears the General Service Medal 1962 with the clasp Northern Ireland as he has been stationed there several times over the years. On his forehead is to be found a silver plate suitably embossed with the Regimental Cap Badge. A pair of silver protectors are fitted on the tips of his horns to protect the clothing of persons near him such as his handlers and visitors, of which he receives a great number each time he appears in public. Private Derby has two handlers from the Drums Platoon whose duty is to look after him at all times. The senior handler is called the "Ram Major" whilst the other one is the "Ram Orderly". They escort Private Derby when he is on parade by standing, one on each side of the sheep and leading or controlling him with two white ornamental ropes that are attached to a leather collar. It is the responsibility of the Ram Major to prepare Private Derby for all parades and the other appearances which he makes. The predecessor ram, Private Derby XXVIII, died on 10 September 2008 of unknown cause at age four. He died in his residence at the barracks in Chilwell, Nottingham. He started his military service as a mascot in 2005. Private Derby, one of only nine mascots recognized by the Army, represented the Regiment on ceremonial duties for the past three years. The year that he died was the 150th anniversary of the ram mascot. The present mascot, Derby XXIX, was selected by the Duke of Devonshire from his Chatsworth Park estate in Derbyshire in September 2008 and was formally handed over to the Regiment during a ceremony at Chatsworth House on 15 January 2009. The head shepherd at Chatsworth House handed over the new Pte Derby to the regimental secretary of the Mercian Regiment. He is now residing at Chetwynd Barracks, Chilwell, Nottinghamshire. He is an excellent ram, both big and strong albeit with a pleasant nature and most importantly, handles well on parade. He was promoted to lance corporal during a Crimean War commemoration ceremony at the Nottingham Castle in April 2011. The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers An Indian Black Buck Antelope named Bobby is used as the mascot for the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers. The tradition of antelope mascots dates back 140 years, when the Royal Warwickshire Regiment, a predecessor regiment, adopted a live antelope as mascot when it was stationed in India in 1871. It was an Indian black buck antelope named Billy which was also the name given to its successors for many years. Subsequently, the names Charlie and Bobby have also been used. The custom stems from the Royal Warwickshire Regiment's 'ancient badge' of an Antelope, authorised to be displayed on colours and appointments in 1747, but traditionally held to date from the regiment's service in Spain during the War of the Spanish Succession. When the four fusilier regiments merged to form the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, the antelope was adopted as the mascot of the new regiment. The second Billy was presented to the 1st Battalion, The Royal Warwickshire Regiment about the time of the Delhi Durbar of 1877 by a well-known Maharajah. It came home with the battalion in 1880 and died in Ireland in 1888. There were two sources of supply of these animals, the battalion serving in India usually received them as gifts from the Maharajahs, while the home battalion was given theirs by the London Zoo. In 1963, the Royal Warwickshire Regiment was converted to a fusilier regiment. Then on 23 April 1968 the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers was amalgamated with three other fusilier regiments to form the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, where the tradition of antelope mascot was carried on. Two men are chosen from amongst the battalion drummers to be in charge of the antelope, a Buck Leader and an Assistant Buck Leader. When on parade, these two men hold the white cords attached to the buck's white collar which have a large silver badge on it. On the antelope's back is a coat of royal blue on which is emblazoned the regimental badge. The horns are tipped with silver cones. Though amenable to discipline, the antelopes have been known to have a mind of their own. At a military review in Aldershot, the then mascot, Bobby II, chose to lay down as he was being led past King George V and proceeded to nibble the grass, thus halting the parade. On another occasion, the drum-major made the mistake of walking in front of the mascot at a Tattoo performance, and paid for his error with a sore behind and ripped trousers. Bobby III who was a corporal proved to be more cunning. On a church parade at Tidworth, he developed a limp. At first, he would be removed from the parade and returned to his pen where he would quickly recover. After three Sundays of limping and quick recovery, it was decided to ignore him and press on. After a quarter of a mile, the limp stopped and never re-occurred. One of the antelope mascots in the long line of successors all named Bobby was recognized at the Tower of London on 24 June 1997 with a Long Service and Good Conduct Medal for fifteen years of loyal service to the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers. This Bobby was born at the London Zoo in 1982 and joined the regiment at the age of one month. Normal life expectancy for antelopes is about nine years but Bobby has butted his way to fifteen. He was promoted corporal on his 13th birthday. He normally lives in Coventry with one of the Fusiliers' Territorial Army battalions but came to London for the presentation outside the Fusiliers' regimental headquarters in the Tower. The antelope mascot in the year 2000 also named Bobby was sent to the Tower of London, the Fusiliers' regimental headquarters when the 2nd Battalion went on a tour of Germany. His stay there was extended when foot-and-mouth disease restrictions prevented him from returning to the 2nd Battalion's barracks. He was due to return to the Battalion's barracks in April 2001 but stayed in the Tower of London for 15 months. The present mascot is named Bobby and holds the rank of corporal. He attends all major parades held by the Regiment. He lives with the 2nd Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers in St. George Barracks, North Luffenham, Ruthland in Leicestershire. His pen is a converted tennis court with plenty of grass to graze. His regular diet is horse nuts and is partial to biscuits. He likes hour-long walks. The Fusiliers also have a British Otterhound as their stand-by regimental mascot because its regular mascot, an Indian black buck, is an endangered species. Should the present Indian black buck mascot die or retire, replacing it with another Indian black buck will be difficult. 3rd Battalion The Mercian Regiment (Staffords) A Staffordshire Bull Terrier named Watchman is used as the mascot for the 3rd Battalion The Mercian Regiment. The mascot tradition in the regiments of Staffordshire stretches back to the 19th Century. In 1882, the South Staffordshire Regiment was ordered to march with Lord Wolseley to relieve General Gordon who was besieged in Khartoum. They entrained at Cairo with their Staffordshire Bull Terrier named Boxer. Startled by the sudden noise of the train's engine when it departed, Boxer leapt from the moving train and was seen lying, either unconscious or dead, at the side of the railroad tracks. A few days later, when the regiment encamped at Assiut awaiting orders for the final phase of their march, a very thin and bedraggled dog staggered into their camp and collapsed. It was Boxer, who like a true soldier, walked for over 200 miles along the railway tracks in the scorching desert to rejoin his regiment. This feat marked the start of the tradition of having a Bull Terrier as a regimental mascot. In 1949, after years of being the best battalion in recruitment of new soldiers in the Territorial Army, the 6th Battalion North Staffordshire Regiment was presented with a pure white Staffordshire Bull Terrier. The Battalion adopted the bull terrier as their mascot and named it Watchman I. On 25 May 1949, the 6th North Staffords sent a Company-size group (some 120 men) along with its mascot and Corps of Drums and Fifes to the Royal Tournament, which was held that year in Olympia. Watchman I showed little interest in the occasion until the Band and Drums struck up. At which point, he raised his head and marched proudly to the thunderous applause of an appreciative audience which had immediately taken him to their heart. Over the next decade, Watchman I participated in every parade the Battalion took part. He was presented to Her Majesty The Queen on her visit to Burton-on-Trent on 28 March 1957. Watchman I died in 1959 and was laid to rest in the lawn opposite the Town Hall in King Edward Place in Burton-upon-Trent. Such was the tradition, interest and good feeling of the people of Burton towards this most popular mascot that in September 1960 Watchman II was presented to the Battalion by the town at a civic parade. Like his predecessor, he was to march at the head of the Battalion throughout the next six years of his life. He was presented to Her Majesty The Queen on the occasion of the Presentation of New Colours to the 6th North Staffords at Molineaux in the early 1960s. His last parade was the Honorary Colonels Parade held at St Martins Camp in 1966. The following year the County TA Regiments were reformed and Watchman II went into retirement until his death in 1974, at the age of fourteen. He was laid to rest alongside his predecessor Watchman I. The tradition started up again in 1988 in the 3rd (V) Battalion The Staffordshire Regiment. It was felt that the time-honoured tradition of having a mascot should continue. Consequently, a search was made to find a dog with a suitable pedigree and bearing to do justice to the Battalion and County. As an indication of the depth of feeling within the county for the mascot, the people of Burton presented the Battalion with Watchman III in 1988. He reached the rank of sergeant and served until his death in 1998. He was interred alongside his two predecessors. In 2006, special memorials were unveiled in the town for the three former mascots. The successor mascot, Watchman IV, was presented to the Staffordshire Regiment as a puppy in August 1998 by the Friends of the Regiment. He has been the mascot since 1999 and has reached the rank of Colour Sergeant, which is equal in status to his handler. Watchman IV not only paraded with the Staffordshire Regiment but also with the newly formed West Midlands Regiment. He has appeared at remembrance day parades in London and once at a remembrance service outside Westminster Abbey where he met the Queen. He again met the Queen when Stafford celebrated its 800th anniversary in 2006. He participated in the Tercentenary Celebration in 2005. Watchman attracts attention such as when his handler took him for a walk through the streets of London. A coach full of tourists pulled up and leapt off the vehicle to photograph him. Watchman IV was carried forward when the battalion joined the Mercian Regiment on 1 September 2007 and became the mascot of the 3rd Battalion The Mercian Regiment. He retired on 4 October 2009 after 10 years of military service. He was replaced by a young Staffordshire Bull Terrier named Watchman V, in a ceremony at the battalion's museum in Whittington on 5 October 2010. The present mascot is linked to 4 Mercian (V) and the Staffordshire Regimental Association, but lives at the home of the soldier who looks after him. He was made a lance corporal at a ceremony at the National Brewery Museum in Burton-upon-Trent on 8 September 2011. He was promoted to corporal at the Staffordshire Regiment Museum in 2013. He was promoted to Sergeant in 2015, forming a central part of Tamworth's St George's Day celebrations in the grounds of Tamworth Castle. Watchman is classified as a regimental pet as he is not recognised by the Army. Since he is an unofficial battalion mascot, his upkeep is paid for by the Staffordshire Regimental Association, not by the government. Following the removal of 3rd Battalion (the Stafford's) from the Mercian Regiment, Watchman now marches with the Staffordshire Regimental Association. 1st Battalion The Yorkshire Regiment (Prince of Wales's Own) Two Ferrets named Imphal and Quebec are used as the mascots for the 1st Battalion of the Yorkshire Regiment. The locals presented two ferrets to the 1st Battalion The Yorkshire Regiment when it was on duty in Northern Ireland. They were adopted as regimental pets and named after the battalion's battle honours, Imphal and Quebec. These ferrets are classified as regimental pets since they are not recognized by the Army. They are unofficial battalion mascots. United States United States Army mascots There are several unofficial mascots in the Army, but only three official mascots. A donkey Big Deuce VIII and a Boar goat Short Round VII represent 2-2FAR "Big Deuce" unit at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. Three mules represent West Point. A Borzoi (previously called Russian Wolfhound) represents the 27th Infantry Regiment "Wolfhounds". The 27th Infantry Regiment based in Schofield Barracks, HI is represented by the Russian Wolfhound. During the Russian Civil War, the 27th Infantry served in the American Expeditionary Force sent to Siberia in 1918. This campaign has become an integral part of unit's history. The tenacious pursuit tactics of the regiment won the respect of the Bolsheviks, who gave them the name "Wolfhounds." This emblem continues to serve as the symbol of the 27th Infantry Regiment. Their current mascot is Kolchak XVI. United States Marine Corps mascots Since 1922, the United States Marine Corps has used Bulldogs as its mascots. U.S. Marine Maj. Gen. Smedley Butler introduced the first Marine mascot, named "Pvt Jiggs," who lived at Marine Barracks, Quantico. He quickly rose in the ranks to sergeant major. He was the first in a series of bulldog mascots (the more famous Jiggs II being the second). The current mascot is the 16th in a series of mascots named "Chesty" in honor of famed Marine Lieutenant General Lewis B. "Chesty" Puller Jr. This dog lives at the Marine Barracks, Washington, D.C., where he appears in weekly parades. Marine units across the Corps have mascots, usually bulldogs, the most famous of which represent the enlisted training installations. An English bulldog named Legend represents Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island and LCpl. Belleau Wood represents Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego. United States Navy mascots Several ships in the United States Navy had a mascot. Seaman Jenna was the canine mascot on USS Vandegrift (FFG-48) for five years while the ship was forward deployed to 7th Fleet. Acquired as a rescue dog by the ship after a home port shift in 1998, she was a morale booster for a crew far from home and families. She improved morale every day, bringing a sense of home and making her shipmates feel different than the other sailors in the Navy. She created a bond amongst the crew that still exists today. Ukraine State Emergency Service of Ukraine Patron is a detection dog and mascot for the State Emergency Service of Ukraine. Patron was born on 20 July 2019. He was purchased as a puppy by Mykhailo "Misha" Iliev (born c. 1990), a bomb disposal technician with the State Emergency Service of Ukraine. Iliev, who later became Patron's exclusive handler, originally intended to give the puppy to his son as a pet, but soon began training Patron as a detection dog instead. After Russia invaded Ukraine on 24 February 2022, Patron and Iliev began working to neutralize unexploded Russian bombs and land mines in and around Iliev's hometown of Chernihiv. Patron became a celebrity after the State Emergency Service posted a video on social media site Facebook on 19 March 2022. The video, in which Patron can be seen sniffing around debris and sitting in Iliev's lap while wearing a small bulletproof vest personalized with his name in Cyrillic letters, went viral, garnering over 267,000 views and 16,000 reactions. On the same day, the Ukrainian Ministry of Culture and Information Policy's Centre for Strategic Communications and Information Security reposted the video on the social media site Twitter, on which it garnered over 877,000 views, 27,000 likes, and 6,500 retweets (all numbers current as of 19 July 2022). Patron is also active in charity work, making visits to patients at Okhmatdyt children's hospital in Kyiv. Due to his viral fame, dangerous work, and charity appearances, Patron has been described as an "unexpected social media weapon" for Ukraine. On 1 September 2022 Ukrposhta started selling Patron charity stamps to raise money for a demining vehicle and animal shelters. It is noted that the growth of Patron's popularity can be part of the Ukrainian information strategy during Russia's invasion (and Ukrainian propaganda as a whole), including the use of viral videos with dramatic stories to form the desired narrative about the war, and its award helped to attract additional attention to the problem of cleansing the clearance territories of Ukraine. On 5 May 2022, Minister of Internal Affairs Denys Monastyrsky announced the creation of the International Coordination Center for Humanitarian Demining, with Patron as its mascot. Four days later, Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, accompanied by Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau, jointly honored Patron and Iliev with the Order for Courage, Third Class, thanking them for their service to Ukraine. On 27 May 2022, Patron was awarded the Palm Dog for "DogManitarian Work" at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival. UNICEF signed a memorandum of understanding with Patron's representatives recognizing Patron as Goodwill AmbassaDOG in Ukraine, on 20 November 2022, on the occasion of World Children's Day. In January 2023 a Patron YouTube channel was opened with an animated Patron starring. The cartoons, with English and Polish subtitles, were produced with USAID support and in partnership with UNICEF. See also Bamse Boy Douglas the camel Horrie the Wog Dog Just Nuisance Simon, Ship's cat of HMS Amethyst K9C Sinbad, USCG Old Abe Rags Reveille Ship's cats in military ships Sir Nils Olav Timothy Tirpitz Unsinkable Sam William Windsor (goat) Winnipeg the Bear Wojtek Notes External links Cats in the Sea Services Animals on Strength (UK Armed Forces) British army demotes mascot St. Petersburg Times Online http://www.militarymascots.org/ Weird and wonderful wartime animal mascots (Australian Armed Forces) Military mascots (NZHistory.net.nz) Military traditions Military animals Mascots
South Korean rapper, songwriter, and record producer Min Yoon-gi, better known by his stage names Suga and Agust D, has written songs for his two solo mixtapes and debut studio album, multiple albums for BTS, as well as for other artists and one webcomic soundtrack. He debuted as a member of the South Korean septet BTS under Big Hit Entertainment in 2013 and rose to prominence as a songwriter for the group, co-writing many of their releases with bandmates RM and J-Hope. Several of these received nominations at various domestic and international award shows, including "Spring Day", which won Song of the Year at the 2017 Melon Music Awards, and "Boy with Luv", which won Song of the Year at the 2019 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards. In December 2020, Suga made his debut on Billboards Hot 100 Songwriters Chart at number nine, alongside RM, for their work on the group's fifth Korean-language studio album Be. It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 while seven of its eight tracks, five of which he co-wrote, simultaneously debuted on the Hot 100 singles chart, including "Life Goes On", which became the first primarily Korean-language song to debut atop the ranking. Suga wrote all of the songs for both of his self-produced solo mixtapes Agust D and D-2, released in 2016 and 2020 respectively. The titular lead single from the rapper's first mixtape discussed his success and identity, while the secondary single "Give It to Me" was a diss track addressing "those who would like to see him fail". For his second mixtape, co-writers on the album included Ghstloop, El Capitxn, and longtime Big Hit producer Pdogg. While D-2 contained Suga's trademark "raw sensibility and brutal honesty" also found on Agust D, the record was more "unapologetic yet humble". The lead single "Daechwita", co-written with El Capitxn, was an "anthem of victory and pride" about Suga's growth and "global success as an artist", and featured various South Korean historical and cultural references. It gained attention for combining elements of traditional Korean music with rap and trap beats. According to Suga, the project was a documentation of his rise from nothing to being "at the top of the global music game" at age 28. Heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, he called the body of songs the "output of my time in quarantine". Promoted to a full member of the Korea Music Copyright Association (KOMCA) in January 2018, 167 songs have been attributed to Suga as a writer and composer as of June 2023. Some of his works for other artists include Suran's "Wine", which won Best Soul/R&B Track of the Year at the 2017 Melon Music Awards; Lee So-ra's "Song Request", in which he also featured; the co-produced "Eternal Sunshine (새벽에)" from Epik High's Sleepless in EP (2019); and Psy's "That That", which he co-wrote, co-composed, co-produced, and featured in. Songs See also List of songs produced by Suga Notes References Suga
```python # # # path_to_url # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # ============================================================================== """`Exporter` class represents different flavors of model export.""" from __future__ import absolute_import from __future__ import division from __future__ import print_function import abc import os from tensorflow.python.estimator import gc from tensorflow.python.framework import errors_impl from tensorflow.python.platform import gfile from tensorflow.python.platform import tf_logging class Exporter(object): """A class representing a type of model export.""" @abc.abstractproperty def name(self): """Directory name. A directory name under the export base directory where exports of this type are written. Should not be `None` nor empty. """ pass @abc.abstractmethod def export(self, estimator, export_path, checkpoint_path, eval_result, is_the_final_export): """Exports the given `Estimator` to a specific format. Args: estimator: the `Estimator` to export. export_path: A string containing a directory where to write the export. checkpoint_path: The checkpoint path to export. eval_result: The output of `Estimator.evaluate` on this checkpoint. is_the_final_export: This boolean is True when this is an export in the end of training. It is False for the intermediate exports during the training. When passing `Exporter` to `tf.estimator.train_and_evaluate` `is_the_final_export` is always False if `TrainSpec.max_steps` is `None`. Returns: The string path to the exported directory or `None` if export is skipped. """ pass class _SavedModelExporter(Exporter): """This class exports the serving graph and checkpoints. This class provides a basic exporting functionality and serves as a foundation for specialized `Exporter`s. """ def __init__(self, name, serving_input_receiver_fn, assets_extra=None, as_text=False): """Create an `Exporter` to use with `tf.estimator.EvalSpec`. Args: name: unique name of this `Exporter` that is going to be used in the export path. serving_input_receiver_fn: a function that takes no arguments and returns a `ServingInputReceiver`. assets_extra: An optional dict specifying how to populate the assets.extra directory within the exported SavedModel. Each key should give the destination path (including the filename) relative to the assets.extra directory. The corresponding value gives the full path of the source file to be copied. For example, the simple case of copying a single file without renaming it is specified as `{'my_asset_file.txt': '/path/to/my_asset_file.txt'}`. as_text: whether to write the SavedModel proto in text format. Defaults to `False`. Raises: ValueError: if any arguments is invalid. """ self._name = name self._serving_input_receiver_fn = serving_input_receiver_fn self._assets_extra = assets_extra self._as_text = as_text @property def name(self): return self._name def export(self, estimator, export_path, checkpoint_path, eval_result, is_the_final_export): del is_the_final_export export_result = estimator.export_savedmodel( export_path, self._serving_input_receiver_fn, assets_extra=self._assets_extra, as_text=self._as_text, checkpoint_path=checkpoint_path) return export_result class FinalExporter(Exporter): """This class exports the serving graph and checkpoints in the end. This class performs a single export in the end of training. """ def __init__(self, name, serving_input_receiver_fn, assets_extra=None, as_text=False): """Create an `Exporter` to use with `tf.estimator.EvalSpec`. Args: name: unique name of this `Exporter` that is going to be used in the export path. serving_input_receiver_fn: a function that takes no arguments and returns a `ServingInputReceiver`. assets_extra: An optional dict specifying how to populate the assets.extra directory within the exported SavedModel. Each key should give the destination path (including the filename) relative to the assets.extra directory. The corresponding value gives the full path of the source file to be copied. For example, the simple case of copying a single file without renaming it is specified as `{'my_asset_file.txt': '/path/to/my_asset_file.txt'}`. as_text: whether to write the SavedModel proto in text format. Defaults to `False`. Raises: ValueError: if any arguments is invalid. """ self._saved_model_exporter = _SavedModelExporter(name, serving_input_receiver_fn, assets_extra, as_text) @property def name(self): return self._saved_model_exporter.name def export(self, estimator, export_path, checkpoint_path, eval_result, is_the_final_export): if not is_the_final_export: return None tf_logging.info('Performing the final export in the end of training.') return self._saved_model_exporter.export(estimator, export_path, checkpoint_path, eval_result, is_the_final_export) class LatestExporter(Exporter): """This class regularly exports the serving graph and checkpoints. In addition to exporting, this class also garbage collects stale exports. """ def __init__(self, name, serving_input_receiver_fn, assets_extra=None, as_text=False, exports_to_keep=5): """Create an `Exporter` to use with `tf.estimator.EvalSpec`. Args: name: unique name of this `Exporter` that is going to be used in the export path. serving_input_receiver_fn: a function that takes no arguments and returns a `ServingInputReceiver`. assets_extra: An optional dict specifying how to populate the assets.extra directory within the exported SavedModel. Each key should give the destination path (including the filename) relative to the assets.extra directory. The corresponding value gives the full path of the source file to be copied. For example, the simple case of copying a single file without renaming it is specified as `{'my_asset_file.txt': '/path/to/my_asset_file.txt'}`. as_text: whether to write the SavedModel proto in text format. Defaults to `False`. exports_to_keep: Number of exports to keep. Older exports will be garbage-collected. Defaults to 5. Set to `None` to disable garbage collection. Raises: ValueError: if any arguments is invalid. """ self._saved_model_exporter = _SavedModelExporter(name, serving_input_receiver_fn, assets_extra, as_text) self._exports_to_keep = exports_to_keep if exports_to_keep is not None and exports_to_keep <= 0: raise ValueError( '`exports_to_keep`, if provided, must be positive number') @property def name(self): return self._saved_model_exporter.name def export(self, estimator, export_path, checkpoint_path, eval_result, is_the_final_export): export_result = self._saved_model_exporter.export( estimator, export_path, checkpoint_path, eval_result, is_the_final_export) self._garbage_collect_exports(export_path) return export_result def _garbage_collect_exports(self, export_dir_base): """Deletes older exports, retaining only a given number of the most recent. Export subdirectories are assumed to be named with monotonically increasing integers; the most recent are taken to be those with the largest values. Args: export_dir_base: the base directory under which each export is in a versioned subdirectory. """ if self._exports_to_keep is None: return def _export_version_parser(path): # create a simple parser that pulls the export_version from the directory. filename = os.path.basename(path.path) if not (len(filename) == 10 and filename.isdigit()): return None return path._replace(export_version=int(filename)) # pylint: disable=protected-access keep_filter = gc._largest_export_versions(self._exports_to_keep) delete_filter = gc._negation(keep_filter) for p in delete_filter( gc._get_paths(export_dir_base, parser=_export_version_parser)): try: gfile.DeleteRecursively(p.path) except errors_impl.NotFoundError as e: tf_logging.warn('Can not delete %s recursively: %s', p.path, e) # pylint: enable=protected-access ```
The 9th District of the Iowa Senate is located in southwestern Iowa, and is currently composed of Crawford, Harrison, Ida, Monona, Shelby, and Woodbury Counties. Current elected officials Jason Schultz is the senator currently representing the 9th District. The area of the 9th District contains two Iowa House of Representatives districts: The 17th District (represented by Matt Windschitl) The 18th District (represented by Steven Holt) The district is also located in Iowa's 4th congressional district, which is represented by U.S. Representative Randy Feenstra. Past senators The district has previously been represented by: Dale L. Tieden, 1981-1982 Ray Taylor, 1983-1994 Stewart Iverson, 1995-2002 Bob Brunkhorst, 2003-2006 Bill Heckroth, 2007-2010 Bill Dix, 2011-2012 Nancy Boettger, 2013-2014 Jason Schultz, 2015–present See also Iowa General Assembly Iowa Senate References 09
Hakea asperma, commonly known as the Native Dog hakea, is an endangered shrub of the Proteaceae endemic to a small area in northeastern Victoria. An unusual species that has no fruit and only reproduces by suckering. Description Hakea asperma is an erect suckering shrub that can grow to in height. It has erect stems and smooth, smaller branches. The rigid grey-green needle-like leaves are long and wide ending in a sharp point. New leaves have white silky hairs becoming rusty coloured toward the apex. It flowers in late spring to early summer around November and produces an inflorescence containing 6 to 10 white flowers. This species does not produce fruit and only reproduces asexually by root suckering. Taxonomy Hakea asperma species was first formally described by botanists William Molyneux and Susan G. Forrester in 2009 in the journal Muelleria. Distribution and habitat Hakea asperma is endemic to the Native Dog Flat area north of Native Dog Falls of the Upper Buchan River district in East Gippsland Victoria where it is presently known from a single population. Hakea asperma grows in mallee communities on the lower slopes of small steep hills in shallow rocky soils in between rocks to support its roots. Conservation status Hakea asperma is classified as "critically endangered" by the Government of Victoria Environment Protection Amendment Act 2018 due to its exceedingly small population size of only a few plants which makes the species highly susceptible to extinction by fire or other unknown occurrences. References asperma Flora of Victoria (state) Plants described in 2009
Kaito Mizuta (; born 8 April 2000) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for German club Arminia Bielefeld. Career In 2019, Mizuta signed for German fifth tier side SV Straelen, helping them earn promotion to the German fourth tier. In 2021, he signed for Mainz 05 in the German Bundesliga. Career statistics . References External links Living people 2000 births Japanese men's footballers Association football people from Tokyo Men's association football midfielders Men's association football wingers Regionalliga players SV 19 Straelen players 1. FSV Mainz 05 players 1. FSV Mainz 05 II players Arminia Bielefeld players Japanese expatriate men's footballers Japanese expatriate sportspeople in Germany Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
WNDU may refer to: WNDU-TV, a television station (channel 16 virtual/27 digital) licensed to South Bend, Indiana, United States WNDV-FM, a radio station (92.9 FM) licensed to South Bend, Indiana, United States, which used the call sign WNDU-FM until November 1998 WDND (1490 AM), a radio station licensed to South Bend, Indiana, United States, which used the call sign WNDU from 1955 until November 1998
The City Nature Challenge is an annual, global, community science competition to document urban biodiversity. The challenge is a bioblitz that engages residents and visitors to find and document plants, animals, and other organisms living in urban areas. The goals are to engage the public in the collection of biodiversity data, with three awards each year for the cities that make the most observations, find the most species, and engage the most people. Participants primarily use the iNaturalist app and website to document their observations, though some areas use other platforms, such as Natusfera in Spain. The observation period is followed by several days of identification and the final announcement of winners. Participants need not know how to identify the species; help is provided through iNaturalist's automated species identification feature as well as the community of users on iNaturalist, including professional scientists and expert naturalists. History The City Nature Challenge was founded by Alison Young and Rebecca Johnson of the California Academy of Sciences and Lila Higgins of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. The first challenge was in the spring of 2016 between Los Angeles and San Francisco. Participants documented over 20,000 observations with the iNaturalist platform. In 2017, the challenge expanded to 16 cities across the United States and participants collected over 125,000 observations of wildlife in 5 days. In 2018, the challenge expanded to 68 cities across the world. In four days, over 441,000 observations of more than 18,000 species were observed, and over 17,000 people participated. The 2019 challenge more than doubled in scale, with almost a million observations of over 31,000 species observed by around 35,000 people. Taking the competition beyond its US roots, the 2019 event was a much more international affair, with the winning city for observations and species coming from Africa (Cape Town), and three South American (La Paz, Tena and Quito) and two Asian areas (Hong Kong and Klang Valley) ranking in the top ten for number of observations. In 2020, the organizers removed the competition aspect due to the COVID-19 pandemic, stating, "To ensure the safety and health of all participants, this year’s CNC is no longer a competition. Instead, we want to embrace the collaborative aspect of sharing observations online with a digital community, and celebrate the healing power of nature as people document their local biodiversity to the best of their ability." Fewer observations were documented in 2020 than the prior year, though more species were found, and more cities and people participated. 2021 and 2022 each saw successive records in every category, but as in 2020, no winning cities were announced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Notes References External links Citizen science Biological censuses Biodiversity
The following is a list of sites in Jinan. It contains sites of natural, cultural, economic, political, or historical significance in the City of Jinan, Shandong, China. The geographical area covered by this list includes all counties and districts that are under the administration of Jinan City. Springs The most renowned springs in Jinan are included in the list of the "seventy-two famous springs" (). This list has been kept and updated since the times of the Jin, Ming, and Qing dynasties. The following sites are on the current list () of the 72 famous springs: Baotu Spring (, also "Jet Spring" or "Spurting Spring", west of the city center, ) Jinxian Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Huanghua Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Liuxu Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Woniu Spring (, literally "lying cattle spring", in Baotu Spring Park) Shuyu Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Mapao Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Wuyou Spring (, literally "carefree spring", in Baotu Spring Park) Shiwan Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Zhanlu Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Manjing Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Dengzhou Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Dukang Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Wangshui Spring (, in Baotu Spring Park) Pearl Spring (, namesake of a spring group, in the city center, ) Sanshui Spring (, in Pearl Spring group) Brook Pavilion Spring (, in Pearl Spring group) Chu Spring (, in Pearl Spring group) Zhuoying Spring (, also known as the Palace Pool, , ) Jade Ring Spring (, on Shengfuqian Street, in the historical city center) Water Lily Spring (, address: No. 69 Water Lily Street, , in the historical city center) Shunjing Spring (, on Shunjing Street) Flying Dragon Spring (, at northern end of Wangfu Chizi Road) Double Loyalty Spring (, on Shuangzhongci Street) Black Tiger Spring (, on the south moat, ) Pipa Spring (, next to the southern moat in Huancheng Park, ) Manao Spring (, south of Liberation Pavilion in Huancheng Park) Hundred Rocks Spring (, at the foot of Liberation Pavilion in Huancheng Park) Nine Women Spring (, at the foot of the Liberation Pavilion in Huancheng Park) Five Dragon Pool (, namesake of a spring group, west of the city center, ) Gu Wen Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Xianqing Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Tianjing Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Yueya Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Ximizhi Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Guanjiachi Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Huima Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Qiuxi Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Jade Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Lian Spring (, in the Five Dragon Pool spring group) Hua Spring (, on the foot of Hua Hill,) Jiangshui Spring (, in Jiangshui Spring Village) Inkstone Spring (, at the foot of Yanchi Mountain, Yaojia County) Ganlu Spring (, on the site of the Kaiyuan Temple, Fohui Mountain) Linji Spring (, in the Dragon Cave area) Doumu Spring (, in Doumuquan Village) Wuying Pool (, literally "Shadeless Pool", Wuyingshan Road, Tianqiao District) Bai Spring (, in Zhifang Village, Wangsheren County) Yong Spring (, in Liubu National Forest Park) Kuju Spring (, in Yuanhong Valley, Liubu County) Summer Vacation Spring (, in Yuanhong Valley, Liubu County) Tu Spring (, in Tu Spring Village, Liubu County) Niyu Spring (, in Niyu Spring Village, Liubu County) Great Spring (, in Jinxiuchuan Village) Sacred Water Spring (, in the Red Leaves Valley) Duanhua Spring (, in the "Jiuding Pagoda Park of Minority Customs") Jade River Spring (, formerly "Yuke Spring", in Yuhequan Village, Licheng District) Baimai Spring (, namesake of a spring group, ) East Mawan Spring (, in Baimai Springs Park) West Mawan Spring (, on Huiquan Road, Zhangqiu City) Mo Spring (, in Baimai Springs Park) Plum Blossom Spring (, in Baimai Springs Park) Jingming Spring (, also called Mingshui Spring, in Zhangqiu City) Cassock Spring (, also called Dugu Spring, at the Lingyan Temple) Zhuoxi Spring (, at the Lingyan Temple) Qingling Spring (, on Wufeng Mountain) Tanbao Spring (, at the Lingyan Temple) Xiaolu Spring (, in Changqing District) Hongfan Pond (, namesake of a spring group, in Pingyin County, ) Academy Spring (, also called "Dongliu Spring", Hongfan Pond Village, Pingyin County) Hu Spring (, below th north cliff of Cuishan Mountain, Pingyin County) Livelihood Spring (, on Yuncui Mountain, Pingyin County) Not included in the "Seventy-two famous springs": Five Lotus Spring (, on the south moat, ) Hills Bao Hill () Five Peaks Mountain () Heroes Hill (, ) Thousand Buddha Mountain (, ) Qinglong Hill (, ) Nine Solitary Hills The "Nine Solitary Hills" () are a group of small solitary hills in the Yellow River valley within and to the north of Jinan City known for their scenic beauty: Hua Hill (, literally "Flower Hill", ) Woniu Hill (, literally "Lying Cow Hill", ) Que Hill (, literally "Magpie Hill", ) Biao Hill (, "Landmark Hill", ) Fenghuang Hill (, Fenghuang is the "Chinese Phoenix", ) Northern Maan Hill (, literally "Northern Horseshoe Hill", ) Su Hill (, literally "Grain Hill",) Kuang Hill (, literally "Basket Hill", ) Yao Hill (, literally "Medicine Hill", ) Rivers, Streams, and Lakes Yellow River () Daming Lake (, ) White Cloud Lake (, in Zhangqiu City, ) Xiaoqing River () Luo River () Hundred Flower Pond (, ) Jinan East Lake (, ) Parks and Nature Reserves Huang Tai Park ) Jinan Baihua Park (, ) Jinan Botanical Garden (, ) Jinan Zoo (, ) Jinan Hundred Miles Yellow River Scenic Area (, ) Three Officials Temple Scenic Area (, ) Yellow River Forest Park (, ) Red Leaves Valley (, ) Coiling Dragon Hill Forest Park () Yaoxiang National Forest Park () Waterscreen Canyon Scenic Area () Jinan Tang King Pingyuan Forest Park () Zhufeng Hill Scenic Area () Museums and Libraries Shandong Provincial Museum (, ) Jinan Municipal Museum (, address: Jing Shiyi Road No. 30, , ) Shandong Science and Technology Museum () Shandong Provincial Library () Jinan Municipal Library (, ) Guangzhi Yuan (Old Museum, ,) Zhangqiu Municipal Museum (, address: Zhao-Qing Road No. 135, Zhangqiu City) Memorial Hall for the Battle of Jinan (,) Archaeological Sites Chengziya Archaeological Site (, "Chengziya Ruins Museum", ) Daxinzhuang Shang Period Archaeological Site (, in Wangsheren Town , Licheng District, to the northeast of the city center of Jinan) Luozhuang Han Tomb (, ) Shuangshan Han Tomb (, ) Weishan Han Tomb (, south of Shèngjǐng Zhèn, Zhangqiu City) Tomb of the Jibei King () Religious Sites Fuxue Confucian Temple () Chenjialou Saint Joseph Church (, built in 1909, address: Qian Chenjialou 63, ) Dragon Cave (, ) Xiaotang Mountain Han Shrine (, literally "Xiaotang Mountain Guo Family Tomb Stone Ancestral Hall", ) Great Southern Mosque (, ) Great Northern Mosque (, ) Dahuaishu Mosque (, address: North Dahuaishu Street, Huaiyin District; ) Nanguan Mosque (, address: Zhengjue Temple Street; ) Liuxing Mosque (, address: Liuxing East Street, Shizhong District; ) Dikou Mosque (, address: Cuijiadikou, Dikou Village; ) Luokou Mosque (, address: Tianqiao District; ) Xiaozhai Village Mosque (, ) Guandi Temple (Water Lily Street) (,) Guandi Temple (Communist Youth League Street) (, ) Kaiyuan Temple Ruins (, ) Lingyan Temple () Sacred Heart Cathedral (, ) Huzhuang Church (, ) Shentong Temple Ruins () Three Emperor Temple Ruins () Great Buddha Head (, ) Four Gates Pagoda (, ) Dragon-and-Tiger Pagoda () Thousand-Buddha Cliff () Nine Pinnacle Pagoda (, also "Nine Roof Pagoda", ) Jingsi Road Christian Church (, ) Monuments Jinan Campaign Memorial (, ) Liberation Pavilion (, ) Jinan Massacre Monument (, ) May 3rd Massacre Memorial Garden (in the Baotu Spring Park, close to Jinan Massacre Monument) Tomb of Bian Que () Tomb of Min Ziqian (, ) Tomb of Zhang Yanghao (, ) Heroes Pavilion () Historical Buildings Former Shandong Nationalist Government Foreign Affairs Office (, site of the murder of Cai Gongshi, Jingsi Road Number 370, , ) Chaoran Tower (, reconstruction of a historical tower near Daming Lake, ). Dao Yuan, (, built 1934-1942, formerly a compound of the Red Swastika Society, ) Great Wall of Qi () Jin Family Home (, Kuanhousuo Street Number 55, ,) Jinan Campaign Kuomintang Garrison Temporary Headquarters (, in Daming Lake Park, north of the lake) Jinan German-Chinese Bank Building (, ) Jinan Former Japanese Military Police Headquarters (, ) Jinan Jiao-Ji Railway Station (, ) Jinan Nanjiao Hotel (, address: No. 2 Maanshan Road, Jinan, ) Republican Building (, ) Rui Fu Xiang Silk Clothing Store (, Jinger Road Number 215, ) Shandong Province Minsheng Bank Building () Shen Family Home (, Kuanhousuo Street Number 47, ,) Wei Family Home (, Kuanhousuo Street Numbers 16 and 18, ,) Zhejiang Fujian Meeting Hall (, ) Zhu Home Valley (, Zhangqiu City, ,) Transportation Huangtai railway station () Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport (, ) Jinan Railway Station (, ) Luokou Yellow River Railway Bridge () Jinan Yellow River Bridge (, ) Universities and colleges Shandong University () University of Jinan () Shandong Normal University () Shandong Jianzhu University () Shandong Jiaotong University () Shandong University of Finance and Economics () Shandong University of Chinese Traditional Medicine () Shandong University of Arts () Shandong College of Arts and Design () Shandong Physical Education Institute () Jinan Railway Polytechnic () Cultural Venues Shandong Dance Theater (, address: Culture Road West number 123; , ) Shandong Province Peking Opera Theater (, address: Lishan Road number 36-2; , ) Shandong Theater (, address: Culture Road West number 117; , ) Ming Hu Ju (, address: Daminghu Road number 29, Lixia, Jinan 250011, , ) Sports Venues Jinan China National Games Sports Center (, ) Shandong Provincial Stadium (, ) Public Roads and Squares Hongjialou Square (, ) Qushuiting Street (, ) Shengfuqian Street (, ) Spring City Road () Spring City Square (, ) Water Lily Street (, ) Eight Sceneries of Jinan Historically, eight sceneries in Jinan have been renowned for their beauty; they are known as the "Eight Sceneries of Jinan" (). The eight sceneries are defined not only by location, but also other factors such as season and weather: Early spring at Jingping Cliff () Baotu Spring gushing into the air () Appreciating chrysanthemums at Buddha Hill (Fohui Hill, not the nearby Thousand Buddha Mountain, ) Mist at Que and Hua Hills () Sunset at Huibo Building (at Daming Lake, , also ) Boating on Daming Lake () Snow reflections at the White Clouds Building (next to the Pearl Spring, ) Autumn wind at Lixia Pavilion (on an island in Daming Lake, ) See also Major historical and cultural sites protected by Shandong Province References External links List of Places in Lixia District photos of sites in Jinan on panoramio.com description of the 9 solitary hills (in Chinese) blog about old buildings in Jinan (in Chinese) list of scenic spots in Jinan by the Jinan Tourism Administration list of the "new seventy-two famous springs" by the Jinan Tourism Administration "Seventy-two famous springs" - articles with pictures on all springs Geography of Shandong Jinan
```java package com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.console.healthcheck.fulllink.model; import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.core.protocal.MASTER_STATE; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; public class KeeperStateModel { private String host; private int port; private MASTER_STATE role; private String state; private String masterHost; private int masterPort; private long masterReplOffset; private long replBacklogSize; private List<KeeperSlaveModel> slaves; private Long replId; private Map<String, Throwable> errs = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); public KeeperStateModel() { } public String getHost() { return host; } public KeeperStateModel setHost(String host) { this.host = host; return this; } public int getPort() { return port; } public KeeperStateModel setPort(int port) { this.port = port; return this; } public MASTER_STATE getRole() { return role; } public KeeperStateModel setRole(MASTER_STATE role) { this.role = role; return this; } public String getState() { return state; } public KeeperStateModel setState(String state) { this.state = state; return this; } public String getMasterHost() { return masterHost; } public KeeperStateModel setMasterHost(String masterHost) { this.masterHost = masterHost; return this; } public int getMasterPort() { return masterPort; } public KeeperStateModel setMasterPort(int masterPort) { this.masterPort = masterPort; return this; } public long getMasterReplOffset() { return masterReplOffset; } public KeeperStateModel setMasterReplOffset(long masterReplOffset) { this.masterReplOffset = masterReplOffset; return this; } public long getReplBacklogSize() { return replBacklogSize; } public KeeperStateModel setReplBacklogSize(long replBacklogSize) { this.replBacklogSize = replBacklogSize; return this; } public List<KeeperSlaveModel> getSlaves() { return slaves; } public void setSlaves(List<KeeperSlaveModel> slaves) { this.slaves = slaves; } public KeeperStateModel setSlavesMap(List<Map<String, String>> slaves) { this.slaves = new ArrayList<>(); for (Map<String, String> slave : slaves) { this.slaves.add(new KeeperSlaveModel(slave)); } return this; } public Long getReplId() { return replId; } public KeeperStateModel setReplId(Long replId) { this.replId = replId; return this; } public Map<String, Throwable> getErrs() { return errs; } public void setErrs(Map<String, Throwable> errs) { this.errs = errs; } public synchronized void addErr(String msg, Throwable err) { errs.put(msg, err); } } ```
Alvin Plantinga's free-will defense is a logical argument developed by the American analytic philosopher Alvin Plantinga and published in its final version in his 1977 book God, Freedom, and Evil. Plantinga's argument is a defense against the logical problem of evil as formulated by the philosopher J. L. Mackie beginning in 1955. Mackie's formulation of the logical problem of evil argued that three attributes of God, omniscience, omnipotence, and omnibenevolence, in orthodox Christian theism are logically incompatible with the existence of evil. Mackie's logical argument from evil The logical argument from evil argued by J. L. Mackie, and to which the free-will defense responds, is an argument against the existence of the Christian God based on the idea that a logical contradiction exists between four theological tenets in orthodox Christian theology. Specifically, the argument from evil asserts that the following set of propositions are, by themselves, logically inconsistent or contradictory: God is omniscient (all-knowing) God is omnipotent (all-powerful) God is omnibenevolent (morally perfect) There is evil in the world Most orthodox Christian theologians agree with these four propositions. The logical argument from evil asserts that a God with the attributes (1–3), must know about all evil, would be capable of preventing it, and as morally perfect would be motivated to do so. The argument from evil concludes that the existence of the orthodox Christian God is, therefore, incompatible with the existence of evil and can be logically ruled out. Plantinga's free-will defense Plantinga's free-will defense begins by noting a distinction between moral evil and physical evil (Plantinga's defense primarily references moral evil), then asserting that Mackie's argument failed to establish an explicit logical contradiction between God and the existence of moral evil. In other words Plantinga shows that (1–4) are not on their own contradictory, and that any contradiction must originate from an atheologian's implicit unstated assumptions, assumptions representing premises not stated in the argument itself. With an explicit contradiction ruled out, an atheologian must add premises to the argument for it to succeed. Nonetheless, if Plantinga had offered no further argument, then an atheologian's intuitive impressions that a contradiction must exist would have remained unanswered. Plantinga sought to resolve this by offering two further points. First, Plantinga pointed out that God, though omnipotent, could not be expected to do literally anything. God could not, for example, create square circles, act contrary to his nature, or, more relevantly, create beings with free will that would never choose evil. Taking this latter point further, Plantinga argued that the moral value of human free will is a credible offsetting justification that God could have as a morally justified reason for permitting the existence of evil. Plantinga did not claim to have shown that the conclusion of the logical problem is wrong, nor did he assert that God's reason for allowing evil is, in fact, to preserve free will. Instead, his argument sought only to show that the logical problem of evil was invalid. Plantinga's defense has received strong support among Christian academic philosophers and theologians. Contemporary atheologians have presented arguments claiming to have found the additional premises needed to create an explicitly contradictory theistic set by adding to the propositions 1–4. In addition to Plantinga's free-will defense, there are other arguments purporting to undermine or disprove the logical argument from evil. Plantinga's free-will defense is the best known of these responses at least in part because of his thoroughness in describing and addressing the relevant questions and issues in God, Freedom, and Evil. Further details As opposed to a theodicy (a justification for God's actions), Plantinga puts forth a defense, offering a new proposition that is intended to demonstrate that it is logically possible for an omnibenevolent, omnipotent and omniscient God to create a world that contains moral evil. Significantly, Plantinga does not need to assert that his new proposition is true, merely that it is logically valid. In this way Plantinga's approach differs from that of a traditional theodicy, which would strive to show not just that the new propositions are valid, but that the argument is sound, prima facie plausible, or that there are good grounds for making it. Thus the burden of proof on Plantinga is lessened, and yet his approach may still serve as a defense against the claim by Mackie that the simultaneous existence of evil and an omnipotent and omnibenevolent God is "positively irrational". As Plantinga summarized his defense: A world containing creatures who are significantly free (and freely perform more good than evil actions) is more valuable, all else being equal, than a world containing no free creatures at all. Now God can create free creatures, but He can't cause or determine them to do only what is right. For if He does so, then they aren't significantly free after all; they do not do what is right freely. To create creatures capable of moral good, therefore, He must create creatures capable of moral evil; and He can't give these creatures the freedom to perform evil and at the same time prevent them from doing so. As it turned out, sadly enough, some of the free creatures God created went wrong in the exercise of their freedom; this is the source of moral evil. The fact that free creatures sometimes go wrong, however, counts neither against God's omnipotence nor against His goodness; for He could have forestalled the occurrence of moral evil only by removing the possibility of moral good. Plantinga's argument is that even though God is omnipotent, it is possible that it was not in his power to create a world containing moral good but no moral evil; therefore, there is no logical inconsistency involved when God, although wholly good, creates a world of free creatures who choose to do evil. The argument relies on the following propositions: There are possible worlds that even an omnipotent being can not actualize. A world with morally free creatures producing only moral good is such a world. Plantinga refers to the first statement as "Leibniz's lapse" as the opposite was assumed by Leibniz. The second proposition is more contentious. Plantinga rejects the compatibilist notion of freedom whereby God could directly cause agents to only do good without sacrificing their freedom. Although it would contradict a creature's freedom if God were to cause, or in Plantinga's terms strongly actualize, a world where creatures only do good, an omniscient God would still know the circumstances under which creatures would go wrong. Thus, God could avoid creating such circumstances, thereby weakly actualizing a world with only moral good. Plantinga's crucial argument is that this possibility may not be available to God because all possible morally free creatures suffer from "transworld depravity". Plantinga thus argues that we cannot rule out the hypothesis that all free human beings suffer from transworld depravity. So this hypothesis may, for all we know, be true. And if it were true, it would rule out the possibility of a world in which human beings make free choices, but always act in good ways. Hence, if the hypothesis cannot be ruled out, this shows that the existence of evil is, after all, consistent with the existence of a God with the traditional attributes. (This goes through via the principle that, if the conjunction of P and some other proposition R (consistent with P), entails Q, then P is consistent with Q. Thus, if the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly benevolent god, together with the hypothesis of transworld depravity, entails the existence of evil, (and if the transworld depravity hypothesis is consistent with the existence of a god with the three traditional attributes), then the existence of such a god is consistent with the existence of evil.) Reception According to Chad Meister, professor of philosophy at Bethel University, most philosophers accept Plantinga's free-will defense and thus see the logical problem of evil as having been sufficiently rebutted. Robert Adams says that "it is fair to say that Plantinga has solved this problem. That is, he has argued convincingly for the consistency of God and evil." William Alston has said that "Plantinga ... has established the possibility that God could not actualize a world containing free creatures that always do the right thing." William L. Rowe has written "granted incompatibilism, there is a fairly compelling argument for the view that the existence of evil is logically consistent with the existence of the theistic God", referring to Plantinga's argument. In Arguing About Gods, Graham Oppy offers a dissent, acknowledging that "[m]any philosophers seem to suppose that [Plantinga's free-will defense] utterly demolishes the kinds of 'logical' arguments from evil developed by Mackie" but continuing "I am not sure this is a correct assessment of the current state of play". Concurring with Oppy, A. M. Weisberger writes "contrary to popular theistic opinion, the logical form of the argument is still alive and beating." Among contemporary philosophers, most discussion on the problem of evil presently revolves around the evidential problem of evil, namely that the existence of God is unlikely, rather than illogical. Mackie had argued in The Miracle of Theism, Plantinga's hypothesis of transworld depravity can and should be rejected. It depends on the assumption that God, in creating humans, is faced with a limited number of possible essences that they can have. In particular, there is no essence available to him which is such that it is that of a free human agent and it is not afflicted with transworld depravity. But why might such a limited range of essences be available to an omnipotent God? The reason cannot be that it is logically impossible that a created human agent should always act rightly: even without being compatibilists, we can argue that there is no contradiction in the notion of a created agent who has alternatives, but who is inclined to exercise his free choice between alternatives only in good ways. But if it is not logically impossible that there should be such an essence, with which God could endow human beings, how would God (who, remember, is the omnipotent creator) be faced with any limit as to the range of possible human essences available to him? "The concept of individual essences concedes that even if … freedom in the important sense is not compatible with causal determinism, a person can still be such that he will freely choose this way or that in each specific situation. Given this, and given the unrestricted range of all logically possible creaturely essences from which an omnipotent and omniscient god would be free to select whom to create, … my original criticism of the free will defence holds good: had there been such a god, it would have been open to him to create beings such that they would always freely choose the good." (Mackie, The Miracle of Theism, p. 174) Additional objections and responses Incompatibilist view of free will Critics of Plantinga's argument, such as the philosopher Antony Flew, have responded that it presupposes a libertarian, incompatibilist view of free will (free will and determinism are metaphysically incompatible), while their view is a compatibilist view of free will (free will and determinism, whether physical or divine, are metaphysically compatible). The view of compatibilists is that God could have created a world containing moral good but no moral evil. In such a world people could have chosen to only perform good deeds, even though all their choices were predestined. Plantinga dismisses compatibilism, stating "this objection ... seems utterly implausible. One might as well claim that being in jail doesn't really limit one's freedom on the grounds that if one were not in jail, he'd be free to come and go as he pleased". Transworld depravity Plantinga's idea of weakly actualizing a world can be viewed as having God actualizing a subset of the world, letting the free choices of creatures complete the world. Therefore, it is certainly possible that a person completes the world by only making morally good choices; that is, there exist possible worlds where a person freely chooses to do no moral evil. However, it may be the case that for each such world, there is some morally significant choice that this person would do differently if these circumstances were to occur in the actual world. In other words, each such possible world contains a world segment, meaning everything about that world up to the point where the person must make that critical choice, such that if that segment was part of the actual world, the person would instead go wrong in completing that world. Formally, transworld depravity is defined as follows: Less formally: Consider all possible (not actual) worlds in which someone always chooses the right. In all those, there will be a subpart of the world that says that person was free to choose a certain right or wrong action, but does not say whether they chose it. If that subpart were actual (in the real world), then they would choose the wrong. Plantinga responds that "What is important about the idea of transworld depravity is that if a person suffers from it, then it wasn't within God's power to actualize any world in which that person is significantly free but does no wrong – that is, a world in which he produces moral good but no moral evil" and that it is logically possible that every person suffers from transworld depravity. Leibniz' lapse Plantinga writes in God, Freedom, and Evil that J. L. Mackie has presented the objection that God, being omnipotent and omnibenevolent, would easily be able to create the best of all possible worlds. He reasons that such a world would be one in which all humans use their free will only for good – something they do not do. Hence, the free-will defense fails. Plantinga responds by pointing out two flaws in Mackie's reasoning, which, together, he names Leibniz' Lapse, owing to their reliance upon the misunderstandings of the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. The first is the presumption that God can force humans to use their free will only for goodwhich is an inherent contradiction, because if this were so, their actions would no longer be free. The second that Plantinga labels is the very idea that there is a "best" of all possible worldshowever good the world is, there could always be at least one more good person inside it, so the idea of a "best" is incoherent. Molinism The focus on possible worlds in Plantinga's free will defense unwittingly reinvented the Molinist doctrine of middle knowledge—knowledge of the counterfactuals of human freedom, thereby precipitating a revival in the interest of Molinism. Parts of Luis de Molina's Concordia were translated into English for the first time. Molinism was applied not only to the problem of evil, but also to the incarnation, providence, prayer, Heaven and Hell, perseverance in grace and so on. References Footnotes Bibliography Further reading Christian apologetics Free will Theodicy
Valencia Hall, in Santa Cruz County, California near Aptos, California, was built around 1884 by F.A. Hihn. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It is a structure built entirely of redwood. It was built on Valencia Creek as a meeting place and community center for a community planned to serve millhands and their families. References National Register of Historic Places in Santa Cruz County, California Victorian architecture in California Buildings and structures completed in 1884
Ponticaulis koreensis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, obligately halophilic, chemoorganotrophic and motile bacterium from the genus of Ponticaulis which has been isolated from seawater from the coast of Jeju in Korea. References Caulobacterales Bacteria described in 2009
Bruce Givner (born November 16, 1950) is an American attorney best known for his role on the evening of the Watergate burglary. While working as an intern, Givner remained in the Democratic National Committee's Watergate offices until just after midnight, making free long-distance phone calls to friends and family. His presence substantially delayed the break-in and indirectly led to the eventual arrests of the burglars. Early life Givner was born and raised in Lorain, Ohio. Givner's father, Eugene, was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis when Givner was eight years old. Givner's father was forced out of the family business—Givner's Luggage and Jewelry, a general store of sorts in Lorain that sold luggage, jewelry, and the engraving of it, as well as men's clothing. Due to his illness, Eugene Givner was restricted to a wheelchair and was told he would have to move his family to a less humid climate. The family chose to move to Encino, California, after finding a wheelchair-friendly home in that town. Givner's mother, Sonia Ann ("Sunny") worked as a realtor (and sometimes in the Givner store's jewelry department). Education Givner attended the following schools: Washington Elementary School (1956 to 1963) Hawthorne Junior High (1963 to 1964) Lorain Admiral King High School, Lorain, Ohio (1965 to 1969) University of California, Los Angeles, CA (1973); B.A. - Major: History Columbia Law School, New York, New York, (1976); J.D. New York University School of Law, New York, New York, (1977); LL.M. (Tax) The day after Givner graduated from Admiral King High School in Ohio, he flew to Los Angeles and moved into Sproul Hall at UCLA. By the end of 1971, his sophomore year, he became involved in student government. The faculty assigned him to a group that included Rick Tuttle, an original freedom rider with Martin Luther King Jr. who would later become treasurer of the city of Los Angeles. Sheila Kuehl, a future L.A. County Commissioner, was also a part of that group. At the end of his junior year at UCLA, Givner entered the Summer Internship Program which placed students in various government offices in Los Angeles, Sacramento, and Washington, D.C. Givner landed an internship at the Democratic National Committee, not the most coveted position; those who were lucky were given ones with members of Congress. Watergate Givner played a role in the FBI's investigation of the Watergate scandal. He was featured in Joseph Rodota's book The Watergate: Inside America's Most Infamous Address. Givner is also cited in many articles such as Harper's January 1980 feature story: "The McCord File" by Jim Hougan. He also was the only subject in Columbia Law School News' "If Not for Him, Nixon Might Still Be President" by Jim Shaw, referring to Givner as the person "if not for…". He also has been written about in a book by Roger Stone and Mike Colapietro titled Nixon's Secrets: The Rise, Fall, and Untold Truth about the President, Watergate, and the Pardon, and White House Call Girl: The Real Story written by Phil Stanford. Givner was a 21-year-old intern working at the DNC offices on the sixth floor of the Watergate office complex when his prolonged stay on that floor the night of June 16, 1972, precluded the group of "bandits" from entering the building to correct their earlier wiretap work. The criminals were set up across the street in a suite above the Howard Johnson's, while they waited for the lights to go out in the offices on the sixth floor at the DNC offices. Though Givner finished his intern duties around 7:30 p.m., he stayed to use a WATS line to make "about 20" free long-distance calls to friends and family, both in Los Angeles and Ohio. Sometime during the middle of those calls, Givner needed to use the restroom. Realizing he could not re-enter the suites when using the bathroom in the hallway because he had no key to re-enter, Givner stepped out onto the balcony and relieved himself in a cement planter. (The Watergate burglars likely witnessed that event through binoculars as they lay in wait for the right time to make their move, which they finally did less than an hour after Givner left the building shortly after midnight.) That was long after the burglars had hoped to get in. After his phone calls that evening, Givner finally turned off the lights on Saturday, June 17, 1972, at 12:05 a.m., he told numerous reporters over the years. He then bolted down the stairwell, where he began chatting in the lobby with Frank Wills, the security guard on duty at midnight at the Watergate. After some friendly small talk, Wills and Givner headed across the street to the Howard Johnson's restaurant for cheeseburgers, fries, and milkshakes. Wills began to follow up with his supervisor's supervisor (he couldn't reach his own)—the person to whom he reported the tape on the level two basement door before he left for the Howard Johnson's. The tape was still there which prevented the door from locking. Shortly after reconnecting with his supervisor's supervisor, Wills called police, who arrived within minutes. The burglars had sneaked in, and arrests were quickly made. When Givner returned to his office at the DNC the following daySaturday afternoon, around 3 p.m.the sixth floor was swarming with police, FBI and other authorities. Givner let them know he had not left the building until shortly after midnight. That critical piece of information was pivotal to the investigation. On November 10, 1974, The New York Times Sunday Magazine published an article by Sol Stern about the Watergate break-in, "A Watergate Footnote," wherein Stern refers to Givner as "the mystery man" in the Watergate event. Givner wrote to the Times explaining who he was and downplaying any participation in the critical and historical event. The Times published his letter. Givner also was interviewed by Bob Fink, a researcher for The Washington Post, who had been hired by Woodward and Bernstein to work on their book, All the President's Men. Fink confronted Givner, at first, strongly suggesting that Givner may have been a part of the botched event, a plant, but shortly after that conversation, Fink was convinced Givner had not played a role in the crime. Wills was lauded as the hero who alerted police of the break-in, though later, Givner was credited as having provided critical information. Givner was not only questioned by the D.C. police and the FBI, but in October 1973 he also was interviewed by Senator Fred Thompson, who was the minority counsel to the Senate Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. Givner was credited with having stopped the McCord group from getting into the building to do their dirty work "on time". In 2019, Givner released a book titled My Watergate Scandal Tell-All: How I Unwittingly Caused This Historic Event (www.mywatergatescandal.com) recalling and detailing his experiences and life before and during the Watergate events. He held a press conference at the former DNC headquarters (now SAGE publishing) along with Watergate arresting officers, Paul Leeper and John Barrett. The three took media on a tour of the 6th floor of the Watergate describing each moment of Givner's late stay there and the officers' blow-by-blow description of the arrest. Career Givner was admitted to the State Bar of California in December 1976 and began practicing law in Encino. Givner currently practices tax law in Los Angeles at the law offices of KFB Rice LLP. References 1950 births Living people American lawyers Columbia Law School alumni New York University School of Law alumni Richard Nixon University of California, Los Angeles alumni Watergate scandal People from Lorain, Ohio
Obiageli "Oby" Ezekwesili (born 28 April 1963) is an economic policy expert, an advocate for transparency, accountability, good governance and human capital development, a humanitarian and an activist. She is a former vice president for the World Bank's Africa region, co-founder and founding director of Transparency International, co-founder of the #BringBackOurGirls movement and has served twice as Federal Minister in Nigeria. She is also the founder of #FixPolitics Initiative, a research-based citizen-led initiative, the School of Politics Policy and Governance (SPPG), and Human Capital Africa. She is a member of the board of directors of Women Political Leaders, a member of the board of trustees Fundacao Dom Cabral, and the chairperson of the board Ehizua Hub. Ezekwesili is also a chartered accountant, public analyst, and senior economic advisor from Anambra state. Early life Ezekwesili was born in Lagos state to Benjamin Ujubuonu, who died in 1988, and Cecilia Nwayiaka Ujubuonu. Education Ezekwesili holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, master's degree in International Law and Diplomacy from the University of Lagos, and a Master of Public Administration degree from the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. She trained with the firm of Deloitte and Touche and qualified as a chartered accountant. Prior to working for the Government of Nigeria, Ezekwesiili worked with Professor Jeffrey Sachs at the Center for International Development at Harvard as the Director of the Harvard-Nigeria Economic Strategy Project. Career Ezekwesili served as Federal Minister of Solid Minerals and later as Federal Minister of Education. Subsequently, she served as the vice president of the World Bank's Africa region from May 2007 to May 2012; she was later replaced by Makhtar Diop. She is a senior fellow at Yale Jackson School of Global Affairs. Transparency International 1994-1999 She was a co-founder of Transparency International, serving as one of the pioneer directors of the global anti-corruption body based in Berlin, Germany. 1999-2007 Ezekwesili started in the Olusegun Obasanjo administration as the pioneer head of the Budget Monitoring and Price Intelligence Unit (aka Due Process Unit). It was in this position that she earned the sobriquet of "Madam Due Process" for her work of leading a team of professionals to sanitize the public procurement and contracting processes at the federal level in Nigeria. She was the architect of the Bureau for Public Procurement legislation, the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) legislation, and the new Minerals and Mining legislation during her six and a half year stint in government. Minister of Solid Minerals In June 2005, Ezekwesili was appointed Minister of Solid Minerals (Mines and Steel), where she led a reform program that led to Nigeria's global recognition as a credible mining investment destination. She was also the Chairperson of the NEITI, and led the first national implementation of the global standards and principles of transparency in the oil, gas and mining sector. Minister of Education In June 2006, Ezekwesili was appointed the Federal Minister of Education, a post she held until she took up a World Bank appointment in May 2007. While in government, Ezekwesili led the restructuring and refocusing of the Education Ministry for the attainment of Education for All (EfA) targets and Millennium Development Goals. She also introduced public-private partnerships for education service delivery, revamped the Federal Inspectorate Service as an improved quality assurance mechanism, and introduced transparency and accountability mechanisms for better governance of the budget. Vice president, World Bank's Africa region In March 2007, World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz announced the appointment of Ezekwesili as vice president for the Africa region starting on 1 May 2007. In 2012, she successfully completed her stint as vice president for the World Bank's Africa region. As vice president, she was in charge of the bank's operations of 48 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and supervised a lending portfolio of over $40 billion. Later career As a senior economic advisor for Open Society, a group founded by George Soros, Ezekwesili advises nine reform-committed African heads of state including Paul Kagame of Rwanda and Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf of Liberia. Board memberships On 1 October 2012, one of the world's leading telecommunications firms, Bharti Airtel, with operations in 20 countries, named Ezekwesili as a director on its board. She is also on the boards of World Wildlife Fund, the School of Public Policy of Central European University, the Harold Hartog School of Government and Policy, New African magazine, Women Political Leaders, Fundacao Dom Cabral and the Center for Global Leadership Tufts University. In April 2020, she was appointed to the board of trustees of the International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation where she contributes to overseeing their expansion in developing economies. She is also the co-chair of the World Economic Forum Africa Regional Stewardship Board. In January 2019, Ezekwesili was appointed on the advisory board of directors of Nexford University in Washington DC and subsequently launched a scholarship program dedicated to women in Nigeria. In December 2021, Nexford University appointed her as a member of its board of directors. She is also the Senior Economic Adviser to the Africa Economic Development Policy Initiative and a member of the advisory board of the Institute for State Effectiveness. Advocacy and #BringBackOurGirls Campaign In March 2014, Ezekwesili delivered a speech at the national summit of the All Progressives Congress (APC), Nigeria's leading opposition party. She criticized the many cross-carpeting governors and urged the party to have "a conversation deeper than how you're going to chase (the ruling) PDP out of power". After nearly 300 mainly Christian girls were abducted from Chibok by the Islamist militant group Boko Haram, Ezekwesili used the Bring Back Our Girls (BBOG) advocacy group to draw global attention to the plight of all persons who have been abducted by terrorists from Nigeria's war ravaged northeast region. She was instrumental to the start of the viral #Advocacy and #BringBackOurGirls Campaign on social media, which trended internationally. On 23 April, at the opening ceremony for a UNESCO event honoring the city of Port Harcourt as the 2014 World Book Capital city, she urged Nigerians to not just tweet but actively participate in efforts to "bring back our girls". As she prepared to board a British Airways flight to London to appear on the BBC programme Hard Talk in July 2014, she was detained by Nigeria's secret service, the SSS, who also seized her passport. She was later released the same morning. She is the founder and convener of the #RedCardMovement. 2019 presidential election Ezekwesili contested for the office of the president of Nigeria on the platform of the Allied Congress Party of Nigeria (ACPN). The former minister had hinted at contesting for the office of the president. At an event commemorating the 58th anniversary of Nigeria's independence, Pastor Tunde Bakare announced that she would be running for the office of the president. One of her campaign promises was to lift 80 million Nigerians out of poverty. On 24 January 2019, Ezekwesili withdrew from the presidential race, owing to a divergence of values and visions with her political party. However, later in the day, the Independent National Electoral Commission said it was too late for anyone to withdraw from the race because the ballot materials had already been prepared. For that reason, the crest of the party would still appear. Fela Durotoye commended Ezekwesili for taking the lead and clamouring for a coalition to end the rule of #APCPDP. On 4 February 2019, Ezekwesili organised a press conference in NICON Luxury Hall, Abuja. She spoke during her press conference about her rough political journey while campaigning for the office of the President of Nigeria under the Allied Congress Party of Nigeria (ACPN). She also gave a motivational speech as she stepped down from the 2019 presidential campaign. On 7 February 2019, Ezekwesili published her campaign finances. The report shows she spent 48 million Naira between 1 October 2018 and 2 February 2019. Personal life She is married to Pastor Chinedu Ezekwesili of the Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG) and has three sons: Chinemelum, Chinweuba and Chidera. In April 2021, Ezekwesili submitted a petition to the Inspector General of Police against Japhet Omojuwa, accusing him of fraudulently using her name as a director in his firm, Alpha Reach Company Limited. Awards and recognition In 2006, Ezekwesili was given the national award of Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic (CFR). In May 2012, Ezekwesili was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science (DSC) degree by the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta in Nigeria. She was selected as one of the BBC's 100 Women in 2013 and 2014. In December 2012, Ezekwesili was named by the New African magazine as one of the 100 Most influential Africans. In December 2014, Ezekwesili was named again among the 2014 most influential Africans - Civil Society and Activism by the New African magazine. In March 2016, Ezekwesili won the 2016 New Africa women award. In July 2016, Ezekwesili was awarded an honorary graduate degree by the University of Essex, United Kingdom, where she presented an inspiring and impassioned speech to the graduating students. In March 2019, Ezekwesili won the Forbes Woman Africa Social Influencer Award for her efforts on the #BringBackOurGirls campaign on social media. In 2019, she was awarded a Richard Von Weizsäcker Fellowship at the Robert Bosch Academy in Berlin. She was selected as a 2020 Global Leadership Awards honoree. Also named as one of 100 visionaries featured in the 3D book "Genius:100 Visionary Thinkers launched in Montreal, Canada in 2017 by Albert Einstein's Foundations. In 2020, she was invested as a global leader by the Vital Voices Global leadership awards. She was recognized by Time magazine as one of its 100 Most Influential People and by the New York Times as one of the 25 Women of Impact for 2015. She holds the Robert F. Kennedy Award for Excellence in Public Service of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, and the Tuft University EPIIC Jean Meyer Award. She is a Democracy Ambassador -International IDEA, and a 2018 Nobel Peace Prize nominee. She is one of the 100 Genius Visionaries inducted by the Genius 100 Foundation. In August 2021, Ezekwesili joined Yale University's Jackson School of Global Affairs as a senior fellow. On May 20, 2022, Dr Oby received the most impactful woman of the year Award. It was hosted by The Women of inestimable values foundation impact makers award to celebrate impact makers across the world. References External links Oby Ezekwesili on Twitter Obiageli Ezekwesili Obiageli Ezekwesili \| Africa Region Vice President Interview with Obiageli Ezekwesili, Vice President for the World Bank Africa Region. The World Bank, November–December 2007 Living people Nigerian accountants Nigerian economists Nigerian women economists World Bank people University of Lagos alumni Harvard Kennedy School alumni Federal ministers of Nigeria University of Nigeria alumni 1963 births Nigerian women activists Nigerian human rights activists Women government ministers of Nigeria Nigerian officials of the United Nations Candidates for President of Nigeria
The Douglas Soup Dispensary was a soup kitchen located in Myrtle Street, Douglas, Isle of Man. History The original dispensary was opened in and was situated at numerous venues until it was replaced by a permanent building known as Noble's Hall. This was paid for with a bequest from the Henry Bloom Noble Trust, and built in 1908 on land which had been owned by Henry Noble. The dispensary provided, free of charge, a nourishing meal to the poorer inhabitants of the town between 12 noon and 1 o'clock each day across the winter months from the beginning of November until the week before Easter.The dinners cost about 2d each to produce and cook, amounting to about £200 over the winter period. Over a typical winter the dispensary would serve in the region of 8,000 quarts of soup, together with 3,000 loaves of bread. By with the introduction of the Welfare State the requirement for the soup kitchen had started to ease, and the dispensary's opening times changed from daily to specific days: these were Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday only. It still offered an invaluable service, particularly to elderly people, many of whom continued to use the service. The dispensary was operated by a Charitable Committee run by volunteers, and was funded partly by a farthing levied on the town's rates; the remainder came from charitable donations. In addition to the Noble Trust, some other notable benefactors were the island's Lieutenant Governor, and High Bailiff Samuel Harris. References Buildings and structures in Douglas, Isle of Man Buildings and structures in the Isle of Man Organisations based in the Isle of Man Soup kitchens
Mergus is the genus of the typical mergansers ( ) fish-eating ducks in the subfamily Anatinae. The genus name is a Latin word used by Pliny the Elder and other Roman authors to refer to an unspecified waterbird. The common merganser (Mergus merganser) and red-breasted merganser (M. serrator) have broad ranges in the northern hemisphere. The Brazilian merganser (M. octosetaceus) is a South American duck, and one of the six most threatened waterfowl in the world, with possibly fewer than 250 birds in the wild. The scaly-sided merganser or "Chinese merganser" (M. squamatus) is an endangered species. It lives in temperate East Asia, breeding in the north and wintering in the south. The hooded merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus, formerly known as Mergus cucullatus) is not of this genus but is closely related. The other "aberrant" merganser, the smew (Mergellus albellus), is phylogenetically closer to goldeneyes (Bucephala). Although they are seaducks, most of the mergansers prefer riverine habitats, with only the red-breasted merganser being common at sea. These large fish-eaters typically have black-and-white, brown and/or green hues in their plumage, and most have somewhat shaggy crests. All have serrated edges to their long and thin bills that help them grip their prey. Along with the smew and hooded merganser, they are therefore often known as "sawbills". The goldeneyes, on the other hand, feed mainly on mollusks, and therefore have a more typical duck-bill. Mergus ducks are also classified as "diving ducks" because they submerge completely in looking for food. In other traits, however, the genera Mergus, Lophodytes, Mergellus, and Bucephala are very similar: uniquely among all Anseriformes, they do not have notches at the hind margin of their sternum, but holes surrounded by bone. Taxonomy The genus Mergus was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae. The genus name is the Latin word for an unidentified waterbird mentioned by Pliny the Elder and other authors; some sources have identified the original mergus as referring to either a cormorant or Scopoli's shearwater. The type species was designated as the common merganser (Mergus merganser) by Thomas Campbell Eyton in 1838. Recent species The genus contains four living species and two recently extinct species. Fossil species Some fossil members of this genus have been described: Mergus miscellus is known from the Middle Miocene Calvert Formation (Barstovian, c.14 million years ago) of Virginia, USA. Mergus connectens lived in the Early Pleistocene about 2–1 million years ago, in Central and Eastern Europe. The Early Oligocene booby "Sula" ronzoni was at first mistakenly believed to be a typical merganser. A Late Serravallian (13–12 million years ago) fossil sometimes attributed to Mergus, found in the Sajóvölgyi Formation of Mátraszőlős, Hungary, probably belongs to Mergellus. The affiliations of the mysterious "Anas" albae from the Messinian (c. 7–5 million years ago) of Hungary are undetermined; it was initially believed to be a typical merganser too. References Bibliography Mlíkovský, Jirí (2002b): Cenozoic Birds of the World, Part 1: Europe. Ninox Press, Prague. Bird genera Ducks Langhian first appearances Extant Miocene first appearances Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Diplocarpon is a genus of fungi in the family Drepanopezizaceae. The genus contains 6 species. Species Diplocarpon earlianum Diplocarpon hymenaeae Diplocarpon impressum Diplocarpon mali Diplocarpon mespili Diplocarpon polygoni Diplocarpon rosae Diplocarpon saponariae Diplocarponella coprosmae Diplocarponella graminea Diplocarponella schoepfiae See also List of Dermateaceae genera References External links Diplocarpon at Index Fungorum Dermateaceae genera
Gabbiella stanleyi is a species of small freshwater snails with an operculum, aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusks in the family Bithyniidae. The specific name stanleyi is in honor of explorer Henry Morton Stanley. This species is endemic to Lake Malawi. References Bithyniidae Invertebrates of Malawi Gastropods described in 1877 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Fauna of Lake Malawi
Bulbophyllum suavissimum is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum. References The Bulbophyllum-Checklist The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia suavissimum
Cyclarbamate (INN; Casmalon), also known as cyclopentaphene, is a muscle relaxant and tranquilizer of the carbamate family which has been marketed by Cassenne in France since 1961. References Carbamates GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators Cyclopentanes
Hypsopygia bamakoensis is a species of snout moth in the genus Hypsopygia. It was described by Patrice J.A. Leraut in 2006 and is known from Mali. References Moths described in 2006 Endemic fauna of Mali Moths of Africa Snout moths of Africa Pyralini
Ritter is the second lowest-ranking title of nobility in German-speaking areas, just above an Edler, considered roughly equal to the title Knight or Baronet. Ritter may also refer to: Places Ritter (crater), a lunar crater located near Mare Tranquillitatis Ritter, Iowa, a community in the United States Ritter Island, a small volcanic island northeast of New Guinea Ritter Park, a public park in Huntington, West Virginia Ritter Range, a small mountain range in California's Sierra Nevada Mount Ritter, the highest peak the Ritter Range People Ritter (surname) Ritter (titular name) Brands and enterprises Ritter Bass Guitars, a manufacturer of high-end electric bass guitars Ritter Sport, a German chocolate bar Schools Cardinal Ritter College Prep High School, a high school in St. Louis, Missouri Cardinal Ritter High School, a high school in Indianapolis, Indiana Liegnitz Ritter-Akademie, a German knight academy founded in the 17th century Wolfenbüttel Ritter-Akademie, a German knight academy founded in 1688 Science and healthcare Ritter reaction, an organic chemistry reaction Ritter's disease, another name for Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, a skin disease Structures Frank Ritter Memorial Ice Arena, an ice arena in Rochester, New York Ritter Observatory, including Ritter Planetarium, a facility adjacent to Brooks Observatory at the University of Toledo (in Ohio) Turnbull-Ritter House, also known as the Sunrise Plantation, an historic home near Lamont, Florida Other uses Josh Ritter (album), the 1999 debut album by Josh Ritter
```go // Code generated by mockery v1.0.0. DO NOT EDIT. package mocks import mock "github.com/stretchr/testify/mock" // IAuditLogTelemetry is an autogenerated mock type for the IAuditLogTelemetry type type IAuditLogTelemetry struct { mock.Mock } // ScheduleAuditEvents provides a mock function with given fields: func (_m IAuditLogTelemetry) ScheduleAuditEvents() { _m.Called() } // SendAuditMessage provides a mock function with given fields: func (_m IAuditLogTelemetry) SendAuditMessage() { _m.Called() } // StopScheduler provides a mock function with given fields: func (_m *IAuditLogTelemetry) StopScheduler() { _m.Called() } ```
Elizabeth Moore may refer to: Elisabeth Moore (1876–1959), American tennis champion Elisabeth Luce Moore, American philanthropist, educator, and volunteer Elizabeth Moore (educator) (1832–1930), seminary principal in West Virginia Betty R. Moore (born 1934), Australian athlete who ran for Great Britain Beth Moore (born 1957), founder of Living Proof Ministries, an evangelical Christian organization for women Elizabeth Moore (historian) (1894–1976), American local historian
```shell #!/usr/bin/env bash # Tags: no-fasttest CURDIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd) # shellcheck source=../shell_config.sh . "$CURDIR"/../shell_config.sh $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_str.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_unicode.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_float.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_str.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_unicode.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_bool.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_null.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/three_dim.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/none_endian_array.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/big_endian_array.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_str.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_unicode.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_float.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_str.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_unicode.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_bool.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim_null.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/three_dim.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/none_endian_array.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "describe file('$CURDIR/data_npy/big_endian_array.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value UInt8')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value UInt16')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value UInt32')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value UInt64')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value Int8')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value Int16')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value Int32')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim.npy', Npy, 'value Int64')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy', Npy, 'value Float32')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy', Npy, 'value Float64')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_str.npy', Npy, 'value FixedString(1)')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_str.npy', Npy, 'value String')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/two_dim.npy', Npy, 'value Array(Int8)')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/three_dim.npy', Npy, 'value Array(Array(Int8))')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy', Npy, 'value Array(Float32)')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "BAD_ARGUMENTS" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy', Npy, 'value UUID')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "UNKNOWN_TYPE" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy', Npy, 'value Tuple(UInt8)')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "UNKNOWN_TYPE" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_float.npy', Npy, 'value Int8')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "ILLEGAL_COLUMN" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_str.npy', Npy, 'value Int8')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "ILLEGAL_COLUMN" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/one_dim_unicode.npy', Npy, 'value Float32')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "ILLEGAL_COLUMN" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/complex.npy')" 2>&1 \| grep -c "CANNOT_EXTRACT_TABLE_STRUCTURE" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/float_16.npy')" $CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL -q "select * from file('$CURDIR/data_npy/npy_inf_nan_null.npy')" ```
Norman Fruchter (August 11, 1937 – January 4, 2023) was an American writer, filmmaker, and academic. Life and career Fruchter was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on August 11, 1937. He graduated from Rutgers University, in 1959, where he edited the literary magazine, Anthologist. Fruchter was arrested protesting with CORE and James Farmer, Bayard Rustin, Rev. Donald Harrington, and Michael Harrington, at the 1964 New York World's Fair. From 1960 to 1962, he served as assistant to the editor of New Left Review. He was an editor at Studies on the Left, (1959–1967). Newsreel Prior to becoming a member of Newsreel which was founded in 1967, Fruchter and Robert Machover made 'Troublemakers', an award-winning documentary about an organizing effort by members of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) in the Black wards of Newark, New Jersey. As part of their mission to instigate social change, members of Newsreel would present films to political organizations and community groups across the United States. The retrospective, Exit Art / The First World had Newsreel members Norman Fruchter, Roz Payne and Lynn Phillips discuss the films. He was a member of SDS along with Tom Hayden, Jesse Allen, Robert Kramer, also full-time organizers for the group: Carol Glassman; Terry Jefferson; Constance Brown; Corinna Fales; and Derek Winans. He was investigated by the House Un-American Activities Committee. He co-founded and co-directed Independence High School, an alternative high school for drop-outs in Newark, New Jersey, throughout most of the 1970s. Fruchter recommended Christine Choy to the Newsreel group, after meeting her at Ironbound neighborhood in Newark, New Jersey. Education Fruchter was a member of School Board 15, in Brooklyn from 1983 to 1994. He helped to form Campaign for Fiscal Equity, which sued the city of New York over inadequate school funding. He co-founded and headed the Institute for Education and Social Policy at New York University from 1987 to 1996. Personal life and death Fruchter married Rachel G. Fruchter (died 1997), who was member of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology State University of New York for nearly 25 years. After her untimely death he married Heather Lewis, a former Newsreel member and school board colleague. Fruchter had two children and four grandchildren. Fruchter died on January 4, 2023, at the age of 85, from injuries sustained in a traffic collision on December 22. Awards Fruchter won the first Edward Lewis Wallant Award. His documentary, "Troublemakers" was selected for premiere screening at the New York Film Festival and subsequently featured at film festivals around the world. Works Novels Academic papers Commentary Profile of The Ginger Man's author J. P. Donleavy. Review of the film The Savage Eye. Cited in: Preview. Cited in: Preview. Filmography Race Against Prime Time - ( Narrator(- Narration) / 1984 / Released / Albany Video ) The People's War - ( Director / 1970 / Released / ) WE GOT TO LIVE HERE, Robert Machover & Norman Fruchter, (1965, 16mm B&W/sound, 20 min.) Troublemakers, Robert Machover & Norman Fruchter, (1966, 16mm B&W/sound, 54 min.) FALN (1965), Peter Gessner, Norman Fruchter and Robert Machover, Robert Kramer Summer '68 (1969) References External links Robert Kramer and John Douglas interviewed: "Reclaiming our past, reclaiming our beginning", G. Roy Levin, JUMP CUT 1937 births 2023 deaths 20th-century American male writers 20th-century American novelists American male novelists New York University faculty Novelists from New York (state) Rutgers University alumni
José Vicente de Faria Lima (7 October 1909 — 4 September 1969) was a Brazilian military engineer and later politician. Biography Lima was born in Rio de Janeiro. At the age of 21 Faria Lima started his military career in the Brazilian Air Force. There, he acquired the experience needed to join the Brazilian Mail Airlines, where he met his companion Eduardo Gomes, with whom he flew across the country. At the Brazilian Air Force, Faria Lima graduated as a military pilot, observer and aeronautical engineer, specializing in engineering at the Superior College of Aeronautics in France. By 1958 he held the rank of Brigadeiro do Ar While working as a technical assistant for Minister Salgado Filho, he helped create the Ministry of Aeronautics. Faria Lima was also chief of the Brazilian Aeronautical Commission in the United States and commander of the Campo de Marte in São Paulo. He was also invited by Jânio Quadros to become the president of VASP, a national airline company. In March 1965, Faria Lima was elected mayor of São Paulo. His administration distinguished itself by the number of construction projects initiated, among the most notable were: Marginais Tietê and Pinheiros, Avenida Sumaré, Radial Leste, 23 de Maio and Rubem Berta. During his administration, the tram service discontinued its operation while the subway system, the "Metrô," was initiated. His term also contributed to improvements in the health system, education, and social services of the city. From the Portuguese version References \|- 1909 births 1969 deaths People from Rio de Janeiro (city) National Renewal Alliance politicians Mayors of São Paulo
Giorgio Campanella (born 20 February 1970) is an Italian former professional boxer who competed from 1990 to 2000, challenging three times for a world title between 1994 and 1998. As an amateur, he competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics. References External links 1970 births Living people Italian male boxers Olympic boxers for Italy Boxers at the 1988 Summer Olympics People from Crotone Lightweight boxers Sportspeople from the Province of Crotone 20th-century Italian people
Dancing Queen - Size Large, Full Charge is an Indian Marathi language television reality dance show which aired on Zee Marathi. It was hosted by Adwait Dadarkar and judged by Sonalee Kulkarni and RJ Malishka. The show premiered from 24 September 2020 aired Thursday to Saturday and stopped on 27 December 2020 airing Grand Finale with completing 43 episodes. Finalists Pranali Chavan (Winner) Apoorva Undalkar Sangeeta Tamata Sneha Deshmukh Deepali Nemale Dipti Nair References External links Dancing Queen at ZEE5 Marathi-language television shows 2020 Indian television series debuts Zee Marathi original programming 2020 Indian television series endings Indian reality television series
A dollar is a unit of reactivity for a nuclear reactor, calibrated to the interval between the conditions of criticality and prompt criticality. Prompt criticality will result in an extremely rapid power rise, with the resultant destruction of the reactor, unless it is specifically designed to tolerate the condition. A cent is of a dollar. Meaning and use Each nuclear fission produces several neutrons that can be absorbed, escape from the reactor, or go on to cause more fissions in a chain reaction. When an average of one neutron from each fission goes on to cause another fission, the reactor is just barely "critical" and the chain reaction proceeds at a constant power level. Most neutrons produced in fission are "prompt", i.e., created with the fission products in less than about 10 nanoseconds (a "shake" of time), but certain fission products produce additional neutrons when they decay up to several minutes after their creation by fission. These delayed-release neutrons, a few percent of the total, are key to stable nuclear reactor control. Without delayed neutrons, in a reactor that was just barely above critical, reactor power would increase exponentially on millisecond or even microsecond timescales – much too fast to be controlled with current or near-future technology. Such a rapid power increase can also happen in a real reactor when the chain reaction is sustained without the help of the delayed neutrons. This is prompt criticality, the most extreme example of which is an exploding nuclear weapon where considerable design effort goes into keeping the core deep into prompt criticality for as long as possible until the greatest attainable percentage of material has fissioned. By definition, a reactivity of zero dollars is just barely on the edge of criticality using both prompt and delayed neutrons. A reactivity less than zero dollars is subcritical; the power level will decrease exponentially and a sustained chain reaction will not occur. One dollar is defined as the threshold between delayed and prompt criticality. At prompt criticality, on average each fission will cause exactly one additional fission via prompt neutrons, and the delayed neutrons will then increase power. Any reactivity above $0 is supercritical and power will increase exponentially, but between $0 and $1 the power rise will be slow enough to be easily and safely controlled with mechanical control rods because the chain reaction partly depends on the delayed neutrons. A power reactor operating at steady state (constant power) will therefore have an average reactivity of $0, with small fluctuations above and below this value. Reactivity can also be expressed in relative terms, such as "5 cents above prompt critical". While power reactors are carefully designed and operated to avoid prompt criticality under all circumstances, many small research or "zero power" reactors are designed to be intentionally placed into prompt criticality (reactivity > $1) with complete safety by rapidly withdrawing their control rods. Their fuel elements are designed so that as they heat up, reactivity is automatically and quickly reduced through effects such as doppler broadening and thermal expansion. Such reactors can be "pulsed" to very high power levels (e.g., several GW) for a few milliseconds, after which reactivity automatically drops to $0 and a relatively low and constant power level (e.g. several hundred kW) is maintained until shut down manually by reinserting the control rods. Subcritical reactors, which thus far have only been built at laboratory scale, would constantly run in "negative dollars" (most likely a few cents below [delayed] critical) with the "missing" neutrons provided by an external neutron source, e.g. spallation driven by a particle accelerator in an accelerator-driven subcritical reactor. History According to Alvin Weinberg and Eugene Wigner, Louis Slotin was the first to propose the name "dollar" for the interval of reactivity between barely critical and prompt criticality, and "cents" for the decimal fraction of the dollar. References Neutron Units of measurement Nuclear physics Nuclear power Nuclear facilities
Charles Taylor Bernard Sr. (September 10, 1927 – June 27, 2015) was an American businessman and politician originally from Earle, Arkansas. He is best known as the 1968 Republican nominee for the United States Senate seat held by long-time Democrat J. William Fulbright of Fayetteville. Background Bernard attended Baylor University in Waco, Texas, where he became enamored with the poetry of Robert Browning, whom he often quoted. He farmed cotton at Earle and operated One Hour Martenizing dry cleaning establishments in eastern Arkansas. In 2013, he was listed as a resident of Naples, Florida. His obituary indicates that he also resided in Maui, Hawaii. Bernard and his wife, the former Betty Hill (born c. 1931), who still resides in Earle, had five children: Sallie Hill Armstrong (husband Robert) of Reno, Nevada; Mary Troy Johnston (Kauai, Hawaii), Charles Taylor Bernard, Jr., and wife Elaine of Memphis, Tennessee; David Wesley Bernard and wife Virginia Caris of Birmingham, Alabama, and John Harbert Bernard and wife Mary Reynolds of Atlanta, Georgia. His obituary indicated that after the middle 1980s he lived with Jaynie Moon (born c. 1941). The obituary does not indicated if he divorced Betty. At the age of seventy-five, Bernard hiked with all the men of his family to the bottom of the Grand Canyon; at eighty-two, he completed a seven-mile combination kayak tour and trail to the waterfall in the Wailua River Valley on Kauai, Hawaii. Political activities In 1970, Bernard and then Republican State Representative George E. Nowotny of Fort Smith both considered running for governor had Rockefeller not sought a third term. Bernard died in Memphis, Tennessee, at the age of eighty-seven, but it is unclear if he was a Memphis resident in his last years. He was cremated. According to his obituary, Bernard "always remained a combination of a small town boy and larger than life figure, making himself big enough for any challenge but always remaining a true Southern gentleman. References Charles T. Bernard at The Political Graveyard 1927 births 2015 deaths Arkansas Republicans Arkansas Republican state chairmen People from Crittenden County, Arkansas Baylor University alumni Businesspeople from Arkansas People from Naples, Florida People from Hawaii Politicians from Memphis, Tennessee 20th-century American businesspeople Florida Republicans Hawaii Republicans Tennessee Republicans Businesspeople from Memphis, Tennessee
This article is the discography of British pop band The Blow Monkeys. Also included is the solo discography of frontman Dr. Robert. Albums Studio albums Live albums Compilation albums Singles Other appearances Police Academy 4: Citizens on Patrol – "It Doesn't Have to Be This Way" (1987) Dirty Dancing – "You Don't Own Me" (1987) The Last Temptation of Elvis – "Follow That Dream" (1990) Videos Video albums Music videos Dr. Robert Albums Solo albums Realms of Gold (1994) Bethesda Part One (1995) Other Folk (1996) Flatlands (1999) Birds Gotta Fly (2001) Flutes and Bones (2012) Out There (2016) Collaboration albums Five in the Afternoon (with P. P. Arnold) (2007) The Instant Garden (with Matt Deighton) (2023) Live albums Live in Tokyo (2004) Acoustic Blow Monkeys (2012) Compilation albums Keep on Digging for the Gold (2002) The Coming of Grace: An Introduction to Dr Robert (2009) Singles References Discographies of British artists Pop music group discographies New wave discographies
Vashkivtsi (; ) is a village in Dnistrovskyi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Vashkivtsi rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Until 18 July 2020, Vashkivtsi belonged to Sokyriany Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Sokyriany Raion was merged into Dnistrovskyi Raion. Demographics According to the 1989 census, the population of Vashkivtsi was 3,680 people, of whom 1,718 were men and 1,962 women. Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001: Ukrainian 97.18% Moldovan (Romanian) 1.62% Russian 1.12% Belarusian 0.06% Romanian 0.03% References Villages in Dnistrovskyi Raion
The Battle of Farrukhnagar took place between Suraj Mal and Baloch ruler Musa Khan. Dalil Khan was succeeded by Kamgar Khan and Musa Khan, in whose time the principality fell into the hands of Suraj Mal, the Jat ruler of Bharatpur State, who incorporated it into Hariana around 1763. His son's Jawahar Singh, Nawal Singh, and Ranjit Singh, held it in succession and called it Farrukhnagar. References Bharatpur, Rajasthan History of India Battles involving the Jats
Navtej Bharati () is one of the most well-known Punjabi poets living in Canada. Born and brought up in Rode village near Moga in Punjab, India, he moved to Canada in 1960s. He now lives in London, Ontario with his wife Surinder Kaur. They have two children, a son Subodh and daughter Sumeet. Bharati has published books in Punjabi and English. He was the publisher of Third Eye Press, whose books covered many genres. His book Leela (ਲੀਲਾ), co-authored with his brother Ajmer Rode, is more than 1000 pages long and is considered one of the most important Punjabi poetry works of the twentieth century. In 2012 he wrote a long poem Lali(ਲਾਲੀ), based on the iconic character of Prof Hardiljeet Singh who taught in Punjabi University, Patiala and was known as 'Lali'. The book was also a tribute to the legendary Bhootwara (ghost house) in Patiala that was a centre of intellectual activities involving Lali among others with Sutinder Singh Noor, Gurbhagat Singh, Harinder Singh Mehboob, Prem Pali, Amarjit Sathi, Surjit Lee and Kulwant Grewal besides Bharati. Bharati's English-language poetry book, Endless Eye, was published by the Canadian Poetry Association. While living in India, Bharati was a three-time winner (1959, 1960, 1961) of the Best Poet of the State award, given by the Punjab Languages Department. In 2003 he was given the Best Overseas Author Award by the Languages Department. In 2010 Navtej Bharati received Anād Kāv Sanmān carrying a citation and cash prize of Rs 2.5 lakh. Bibliography Poetry Simbal De Phul - 1968 Leela - 1999, 2019 (with Ajmer Rode) Endless Eye - 2002 Lali - 2012 Othon trek - 2016, 2019 Prose Puth Sidh - 2019 References External links Poemhunter 20th-century Canadian poets Canadian male poets 21st-century Canadian poets Canadian writers of Asian descent Canadian people of Indian descent Living people Writers from London, Ontario 20th-century Canadian male writers 21st-century Canadian male writers 1938 births
Bulbophyllum ledungense is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum. References The Bulbophyllum-Checklist The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia ledungense
Lešane (, in older sources Lešena, ) is a village in the Municipality of Apače in northeastern Slovenia. References External links Lešane on Geopedia Populated places in the Municipality of Apače
The Three Graces is a grisaille painting by Peter Paul Rubens, dating to 1620–1623. It is now held in the Galleria Palatina in Florence. It was acquired by Monsignor Francesco Airoldi, nuncio to Brussels, who offered it to cardinal Leopoldo de' Medici, a great admirer of Rubens. The cardinal's art collection passed to the Uffizi after his death - the grisaille was transferred to the Palatina in 1928. External links http://www.polomuseale.firenze.it/catalogo/scheda.asp?nctn=00129514&value=1 1623 paintings Mythological paintings by Peter Paul Rubens Paintings in the Galleria Palatina Rubens, Florence
Glère () is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Region in eastern France. Geography Many of the residents work in the agricultural sector, with dairy farming still forming a large part of the local economy. A number of residents also commute to work in factories in nearby Switzerland. Population Sights Glère hosts a 17th-century church, a post office, two restaurants, and a bar. The village, with its location on the tranquil river Doubs, is a perennial favorite with fishermen and campers. In the early 1990s, Roger Macabrey, a recipient of the croix de guerre for his actions during World War II and a former mayor of Glère, served on the general council of Doubs department, where he promoted initiatives to attract more tourists to the region. See also Communes of the Doubs department References Communes of Doubs
```vue <template> <div class="vux-week-calendar"> <slot name="header" :current-month="currentMonth"></slot> <swiper class="vux-week-calendar" v-model="index" :show-dots="false" :height="height" @on-index-change="onIndexChange" loop> <template v-for="(item, index) in [lastWeekList, currentWeekList, nextWeekList]"> <swiper-item :data-start="item[0].format" :id="`x000${index}`"> <slot :name="`header-day-list-${index}`"> <flexbox :gutter="0"> <flexbox-item class="vux-week-calendar-day-item" v-for="(i, index) in ['', '', '', '', '', '', '']" :key="index"> {{ i }}</flexbox-item> </flexbox> </slot> <flexbox :gutter="0"> <flexbox-item class="vux-week-calendar-date-item" @click.native="onClick(i)" :class="{ 'is-weekend': i.isWeekend, 'vux-week-calendar-is-today': i.isToday, 'vux-week-calendar-is-selected': i.format === value }" v-for="(i, itemIndex) in item" :key="itemIndex" :data-date="i.format"> <div class="vux-week-calendar-each-day-box"> <slot :name="`each-item-${index}`" :str="i.str" :formatedDate="i.format" :is-weekend="i.isWeekend" :is-today="i.isToday" :is-selected="i.format === value" > <span class="vux-week-calendar-each-day" :style="getMarkStyle(i)"> {{ i.str }} <span class="vux-week-calendar-top-tip" v-if="isShowTopTip(i)" :style="isShowTopTip(i, 'style')"> <span>{{ isShowTopTip(i, 'text') }}</span> </span> </span> <span class="vux-calendar-dot" v-show="isShowBottomDot(i)"></span> </slot> </div> </flexbox-item> </flexbox> </swiper-item> </template> </swiper> </div> </template> <script> import { Flexbox, FlexboxItem } from '../flexbox' import { Swiper, SwiperItem } from '../swiper' import dateFormat from '../../tools/date/format' import calendarMarksMixin from '../../mixins/calendar-marks' / import { Flexbox, FlexboxItem, Swiper, SwiperItem, dateFormat } from 'vux' / const getNextIndex = (index) => { if (index === 2) { return 0 } if (index === 0) { return 1 } return 2 } const getPrevIndex = index => { if (index === 2) { return 1 } if (index === 1) { return 0 } if (index === 0) { return 2 } } const indexMap = { 0: 'last', 1: 'current', 2: 'next' } export default { mixins: [calendarMarksMixin], components: { Swiper, SwiperItem, Flexbox, FlexboxItem }, props: { value: String, height: { type: String, default: '65px' }, marks: { type: Array, default () { return [] } } }, created () { [0, 7, -7].forEach(item => { this.getThisWeekRange(item) }) }, mounted () { this.index = 1 }, watch: { value (val) { this.currentValue = val this.changeData(null, this.index, val) }, currentValue (val) { this.$emit('input', val) this.$emit('on-change', val) }, currentMonth (val) { const value = this.currentMonth.split('-') const data = { year: value[0], month: value[1] } this.$emit('on-year-month-change', data) } }, data () { return { currentValue: this.value, index: 0, lastWeekList: [], currentWeekList: [], nextWeekList: [], startDate: dateFormat(new Date(), 'YYYY-MM-DD'), currentMonth: '', changeCount: -1, hasRender: false } }, methods: { switchViewToCurrentValue () { if (this.currentValue) { this.changeData(null, this.index, this.currentValue) } }, switchViewToMonth (year, month) { this.changeData(null, this.index, `${year}-${month}-01`) }, switchViewToToday () { const today = dateFormat(new Date(), 'YYYY-MM-DD') this.changeData(null, this.index, today) }, onClick (i) { this.currentValue = i.format }, onIndexChange (newIndex) { let el = document.querySelector('#x000' + newIndex) const start = el.getAttribute('data-start') const date = new Date(start) this.changeData(date, newIndex) }, changeData (date, index, value) { // if has value, reset start if (value) { const _date = new Date(value.replace(/-/g, '/')) date = new Date(_date.setDate(_date.getDate() - _date.getDay())) this[indexMap[index] + 'WeekList'] = this.getWeekRange(new Date(date.setDate(date.getDate()))) } this.startDate = dateFormat(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD') const lastMonth = dateFormat(date.getTime() + 6 * 24 * 3600 * 1000, 'YYYY-MM') this.currentMonth = lastMonth const nextIndex = getNextIndex(index) const nextKey = indexMap[nextIndex] this[nextKey + 'WeekList'] = this.getWeekRange(new Date(date.setDate(date.getDate() + 7))) const lastIndex = getPrevIndex(index) const lastKey = indexMap[lastIndex] this[lastKey + 'WeekList'] = this.getWeekRange(new Date(date.setDate(date.getDate() - 14))) this.$nextTick(() => { this.changeCount++ this.$emit('on-view-change', { allDates: this[indexMap[this.index] + 'WeekList'] }, this.changeCount) }) }, getCurrentDates () { return this[indexMap[this.index] + 'WeekList'] }, getCurrentYearMonth () { const value = this.currentMonth.split('-') return { year: value[0], month: value[1] } }, isToday (date) { return dateFormat(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD') === dateFormat(new Date(), 'YYYY-MM-DD') }, isSelected (date) { return dateFormat(date, 'YYYY-MM-DD') === this.date }, isWeekend (date) { return date.getDay() === 0 \|\| date.getDay() === 6 }, getWeekRange (start) { let rs = [{ format: dateFormat(start, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), formatedDate: dateFormat(start, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), date: start, str: dateFormat(start, 'D'), isWeekend: this.isWeekend(start), isToday: this.isWeekend(start), isSelected: this.isSelected(start), _date: start.getDate() }] for (let i = 1; i < 7; i++) { let current = start current.setDate(current.getDate() + 1) rs.push({ format: dateFormat(current, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), date: current, str: dateFormat(current, 'D'), formatedDate: dateFormat(current, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), isWeekend: this.isWeekend(current), isToday: this.isToday(current), isSelected: this.isSelected(current), _date: current.getDate() }) } return rs }, getThisWeekRange (day = 0, start) { const now = start \|\| new Date() const firstday = new Date(now.setDate(now.getDate() - now.getDay() + day)) if (day === 0) { this.currentWeekList = this.getWeekRange(firstday) } if (day === 7) { this.nextWeekList = this.getWeekRange(firstday) } if (day === -7) { this.lastWeekList = this.getWeekRange(firstday) } } } } </script> <style lang="less" scoped> @import '../../styles/variable.less'; .vux-week-calendar { background-color: @week-calendar-bg; } .vux-week-calendar-day-item, .vux-week-calendar-date-item { text-align: center; } .vux-week-calendar-day-item { color: @week-calendar-header-day-item-color; } .vux-week-calendar-each-day-box { padding: 5px 0; } .vux-week-calendar-each-day-box { position: relative; } .vux-week-calendar-each-day { position: relative; background-color: transparent; border: 1px solid transparent; display: inline-block; font-size: 16px; color: @week-calendar-each-date-item-color; width: @week-calendar-each-date-item-size; height: @week-calendar-each-date-item-size; line-height: @week-calendar-each-date-item-line-height; text-align: center; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: border-box; } .vux-week-calendar-is-selected .vux-week-calendar-each-day { background-color: @week-calendar-selected-item-bg-color; color: @week-calendar-selected-item-text-color; } .vux-calendar-dot { display: block; text-align: center; width: 5px; height: 5px; position: absolute; left: 50%; bottom: 0px; margin-left: -2.5px; background-color: @week-calendar-dot-color; border-radius: 50%; } .vux-week-calendar-top-tip { position: absolute; left: -10px; top: 0; font-size: 20px; transform: scale(0.5); transform-origin: top left; } </style> ```
Walker Center (formerly Walker Bank Building) is a skyscraper in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Description The building was opened on December 9, 1912, taking a little over a year to be built. At the time of its completion, it stood as the tallest building between Chicago and San Francisco (16 stories, 220 ft/67 m). It was originally constructed as the headquarters for Walker Bank, founded by the Walker brothers: Samuel Sharp, Joseph Robinson, David Frederick, and Matthew Walker, Jr. The basement originally contained the vault for the bank, as well as a barbershop, florist, cigar store, and other shops. The main floor contained the bank, and upper floors were used as office space. It was designed by the St. Louis, Missouri-based architecture firm Eames and Young. It remained the headquarters of Walker Bank until it merged with First Interstate Bancorp in 1981 (it is now part of Wells Fargo). Weather Tower The Walker Center is topped by a 64-foot weather tower, which gives a weather forecast based on the color of the lights. The weather tower was taken down in the 1980s due to a city ordinance but replaced in 2008. The meaning of the tower colors are: Blue: clear skies Flashing blue: cloudy skies Red: rain Flashing red: snow A common mnemonic used by residents to remember the signals given by the tower is "Solid blue: skies are too, flashing blue: clouds are due, solid red: rain ahead, flashing red: snow instead." In December 2021, work began to upgrade the outdated neon glass tubes to GLLS LED Neon Flex. While the weather forecast will still be broadcast, the tower now will have "any color under the rainbow, as well as various animation effects” to engage with the community for various holidays and events. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Salt Lake City References External links Emporis.com http://wikimapia.org/1221287/Walker-Center https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIqtc5LtGJM 1912 establishments in Utah Commercial buildings completed in 1912 Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Utah National Register of Historic Places in Salt Lake City Skyscraper office buildings in Salt Lake City
Tapio Pulkkanen (born 21 May 1990) is a Finnish professional golfer, who plays on the European Tour. He won the 2015 Nordic Golf League and the 2017 Challenge Tour Order of Merit. He is known for wearing a trilby hat. Early years Pulkkanen was born in Kotka, 130 kilometres east of Helsinki in southern Finland. Introduced to the game by his brother, he began playing golf at age 9 at Kymen Golf on the island of Mussalö outside Kotka. At 12 years old, he made his first hole-in-one. At 14 years of age, he quit soccer, to concentrate on golf. He has described that he had a group of boys to practice and compete with at his home club and at the same time, in contrast to a team sport, was responsible for his own game. Amateur career At age 16, Pulkkanen represented his country abroad for the first time, at the European Young Masters in Austria. The year after, he played for Finland at the European Boys' Team Championship in Denmark. His last year as a junior, he won the Finnish Junior Championship. He also won the Finnish Championship twice. During his amateur years, Pulkkanen represented Finland at the European Amateur Team Championship three times and at the Eisenhower Trophy twice. At the 2011 European Amateur Team Championship, Pulkkanen finished tied 7th individually in the stroke-play competition, against a 120-man field, which included future European Tour winners Thomas Pieters, Alexander Lévy, Adrián Otaegui and Andy Sullivan. The Finnish team won their last game against Ireland to finish 7th in the championship. In 2012, still an amateur, he won a professional tournament on the Nordic Golf League, the Finnish Open at Vuosaari Golf. Pulkkanen's best ranking on the World Amateur Golf Ranking was 46th. Professional career Pulkkanen turned professional in early 2013 and was runner-up in his first tournament on the Challenge Tour, the Challenge de Madrid in April. The remainder of 2013 and 2014 were disappointing with a best finish of 34th place. Pulkkanen played on the Nordic Golf League in 2015, won five events and headed the Order Of Merit. The return to the Challenge Tour in 2016 was again a disappointment with a best finish of 30th place. His 2017 Challenge Tour season started with a second place in the Turkish Airlines Challenge, followed up with another runner-up finish in the D+D Real Czech Challenge. Later in the year he had his first win, taking the Kazakhstan Open after a playoff with Chase Koepka. He finished first in the 2017 Challenge Tour Order of Merit to earn his European Tour card for 2018. In December 2017, Pulkkanen was tied for third in the Joburg Open, level with Shaun Norris. The event was part of the Open Qualifying Series, with three places available to the 2018 Open Championship. Norris received the entry because he had a higher world ranking, 192 to Pulkkanen's 197. Later in the 2017–18 European Tour season, Pulkkanen earned his biggest paycheck at the Alfred Dunhill Links Championship at the three championship courses of Carnoustie, Kingsbarns and St Andrews Old Course in Scotland, finishing 4th for €208,728. Pulkkanen is coached by Tommi Nousiainen and his agent is Johan Elliot at Sportyard International in Stockholm, Sweden. His main equipment sponsor is Callaway. Professional wins (9) Challenge Tour wins (1) Challenge Tour playoff record (1–0) Nordic Golf League wins (8) Team appearances Amateur European Boys' Team Championship (representing Finland): 2007, 2008 European Amateur Team Championship (representing Finland): 2009, 2010, 2011 Eisenhower Trophy (representing Finland): 2010, 2012 St Andrews Trophy (representing the Continent of Europe): 2012 (winners) See also 2017 Challenge Tour graduates References External links Finnish male golfers European Tour golfers Sportspeople from Kotka 1990 births Living people 21st-century Finnish people
Barú District may refer to: Barú District, Chiriquí, in Chiriquí, Panama Barú District, Pérez Zeledón, in Pérez Zeledón Canton, San José province, Costa Rica District name disambiguation pages
Roberta Lombardi (born 15 August 1973) is an Italian politician. Biography Roberta Lombardi was born in Orbetello in 1973, to parents from Boville Ernica in southern Lazio where she grew up. She graduated in law from La Sapienza University of Rome with a thesis in international commercial law and followed a course in managerial development at LUISS University. Since 2004 she has worked at an interior design company. In 2008, she ran in the municipal elections of Rome with the civic list "Friends of Beppe Grillo" and obtained 191 preference votes, without being elected. She then joined the Five Star Movement since its foundation. In 2013 she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in the Lazio 1 constituency. From 19 March to 24 July 2013 she was chairman of the M5S Group in the Chamber (but by virtue of the group's internal regulations, which provided for the quarterly rotation of the office, she ceded unofficially the function of chairman of the group to Riccardo Nuti already on 5 June 2013). She was a candidate for President in the 2018 Lazio regional election, getting 27.0% of preferences and finishing third, behind Stefano Parisi and Nicola Zingaretti. Since 4 March 2018 she is councilor of the Lazio Region and leader of the M5S group in the Regional Council of Lazio. References 1973 births Politicians of Piedmont Five Star Movement politicians Deputies of Legislature XVII of Italy Living people Sapienza University of Rome alumni People from Orbetello
This is a list of radio stations in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo, which can be sorted by their call signs, frequencies, location, ownership, names, and programming formats. Notes References Quintana Roo Quintana Roo
Pierre-Antoine Gillet (born 16 April 1991) is a Belgian professional basketball player for Filou Oostende of the BNXT League. He also represents the Belgian national basketball team. Standing at 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m), he plays at the Power Forward position. Early life Gillet started playing basketball at the age of nine. Professional career On August 31, 2020, Gillet signed a three-year deal with Filou Oostende of the Belgian Pro Basketball League. He helped the team win the league title, averaging 10.6 points, 4.8 rebounds, and 1.5 assists per game. Gillet re-signed with the team on August 11, 2021. International career He represented Belgium at the EuroBasket 2015 where they lost to Greece in eighth finals with 75–54. References External links ACB.com profile 1991 births Living people Baloncesto Fuenlabrada players BC Oostende players Belgian expatriate basketball people in France Belgian expatriate basketball people in Spain Belgian men's basketball players Belgium national basketball players CB Canarias players Élan Chalon players Liga ACB players Liège Basket players People from Huy Power forwards (basketball) Sportspeople from Liège Province
Matthew Lewis Gibson (born 2 September 1996) is a British professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam . A former member of the British Cycling Olympic Academy Programme, Gibson specialises in endurance and timed events and came 5th and 10th in the Junior Time Trial at the 2013 and 2014 UCI Road World Championships, respectively. Gibson was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships and, at 18 years old, he was the youngest rider on the squad. Major results 2013 National Junior Track Championships 1st Individual pursuit 1st Kilo 5th Time trial, UCI Junior Road World Championships 10th Overall Trofeo Karlsberg 2014 1st Individual pursuit, National Junior Track Championships 1st Round 3 – Peterborough Tour Series 1st Six Days of Ghent Future Stars (with Chris Lawless) 3rd Overall Junior Tour of Wales 6th Overall Course de la Paix Juniors 1st Stage 2a (ITT) 10th Time trial, UCI Junior Road World Championships 2015 1st Team pursuit, UEC European Track Championships UEC European Under-23 Track Championships 1st Scratch race 1st Team pursuit 3rd Team pursuit, 2014–15 UCI Track Cycling World Cup, Cali 3rd Road race, National Under-23 Road Championships 2017 2nd Overall Bay Classic Series 2018 1st National Criterium Championships 1st Stage 3 New Zealand Cycle Classic 1st Stage 5 Tour de l'Avenir 1st Stage 5 Tour du Loir-et-Cher Tour Series 1st Points classification 1st Round 2 – Motherwell 3rd GP Izola 10th Overall Tour de Normandie 1st Points classification 1st Stage 6 2019 1st Stage 13 Tour of Qinghai Lake 6th Overall Tour of China I 2022 1st Stage 1b Olympia's Tour References External links Matthew Gibson profile at British Cycling Matthew Gibson profile at SportsAid 1996 births Living people British male cyclists Sportspeople from Warrington
```shell Adding a remote repository What is a checksum? How to set your username and email Check the status of your files Recover lost code ```
WMTN (93.3 FM, "Classic Country 93.3") is a radio station broadcasting a classic country music format. Licensed to Morristown, Tennessee, United States, the station is currently owned by Radio Acquisition Corp. and features programming from AP Radio and Motor Racing Network. FM Translator In addition to the main (originating) station on 1300 AM, WMTN is heard on 93.3 MHz via an FM translator: References External links Radio Locator Information on W227DH Country radio stations in the United States MTN Morristown, Tennessee
Alen Mašović (; born 7 August 1994) is a Serbian footballer who plays as a forward for Bosnian side Tuzla City. Club career Born in Novi Pazar, he played in the youth teams of FK Partizan before coming to Borac Čačak . On 21 July 2015, he signed with Voždovac. On 4 August 2021, he returned to Voždovac. References External links Alen Mašović stats at utakmica.rs 1994 births Living people Footballers from Novi Pazar Men's association football forwards Serbian men's footballers Serbian expatriate men's footballers FK Borac Čačak players FK Voždovac players FK Čukarički players FC Machida Zelvia players Serbian First League players Serbian SuperLiga players J2 League players Serbian expatriate sportspeople in Japan Expatriate men's footballers in Japan
Auritama is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period. References Asaphida genera Cambrian trilobites Cambrian trilobites of Antarctica
Kazhugu () is a 1981 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by S. P. Muthuraman, starring Rajinikanth, Rati Agnihotri and Sumalatha. Upon release, the unconventional story, which revolved around hypnotism and human sacrifice did not go well with the audience and Kazhugu failed in the box office. However it became a cult film among Rajinikanth fans in the 1980s. It is an adaptation of the 1975 American film Race with the Devil. Plot Satyamoorthy is a wealthy diamond business man and a widower living with his younger brother Raja and two daughters Radha and Chitra. Satyamoorthy is a great devotee of saints and priests trusting all of them to be genuine whereas Raja is a happy go lucky guy just opposite to his brother who does not trust any of them. Satyamoorthy once invites a priest to his home to perform rituals to drive away all evil surrounding his house not knowing that the priest is a fake and member of a robber gang. Satyamoorthy takes him to his treasury room where he had stored his huge wealth and tells him the secret of unlocking his lockers. The fake priest pretends to give a sacred sheet and instructs to place it inside the locker which shall protect the stuffs. As Raja suspected, the priest sends the robbers at night to loot the wealth but Raja wakes up and fights with them and restores the looted property. Raja's repeated attempts to prove that the priest is fake goes vain as Satyamoorthy believes strongly that Raja protected the wealth only because of the divine power of the sacred sheet. Raja once enters a ladies toilet by mistake and is caught by a girl who screams that Raja has come to misbehave. Raja wants to revenge for her behaviour with him and goes to her father Sivaraman and lies that he is the lover of his daughter Hemavathy aka Hema. Sivaraman believes him and stops all of the Hema's outing. Hema gets angry and goes to Raja to reveal the truth to her father. Hema explains that once a man came into the ladies toilet and tried to rape her and that is the reason for the behaviour with him that day. Understanding Hema's situation Raja tells the truth to Sivaraman. This brings Raja and Hema together and both fall in love and marry. As their marriage gift, Satyamoorthy gifts his brother a recreational vehicle for his honeymoon. Raja and Hema set for their honeymoon with Raja's friends. After some days, Raja and his crew set a camp in a place near a small village. They get help and assistance from an innocent village girl Vasanthi, a vegetable seller. Fews days later at a night Raja's group hears a drum sound. Raja and his friend follows the sound which ends in a sacrificial ground and sacrifice of Vasanthi by a group of people. Raja screams on seeing Vasanthi being beheaded and alerts the men. They were chased by the men and Raja escapes with his group from them. Next day Raja goes to police station and gives complaint of the incident. On police investigation, Raja is shocked to hear there was no evidence of the existence of the girl Vasanthi. Raja's men were further tortured by those men and Raja loses one of his friend. Raja gets into deep investigation and end up at a place of Rajarishi, who is believed to be great saint. Raja meets his brother and his father-in-law on their to visit of Rajarishi and Raja goes with them. Raja finds that Rajarishi is not a saint but a grand looter and head of the robbery gang who make wealthy people handover the property to him by giving a sacred drink called 'Anandha Rasam' which is actually alcohol mixed stuff. Satyamoorthy's daughter Radha is declared dead by a snake bite. But the girl has not died and made to believe that she has died as she is wanted by Rajarishi for a human sacrificial ritual. Raja follows the Rajarishi's men and finds his niece in an unconscious state obeying whatever Rajarishi say. When Rajarishi is about to behead her Raja rescues her and runs away from the place. Raja is followed by the whole village and Raja escapes in his bus. Finally Raja gets into a great struggle with Rajarishi's men and reveals the truth to everybody. Police finally arrest Rajarishi and his men for their illegal crimes. Cast Rajinikanth as Rajasekar Rati Agnihotri as Hema Sangili Murugan as Rajarishi Thengai Srinivasan as Sathiyamoorthy Y. G. Mahendran as Gopi V. K. Ramasamy as Sivaraman Suruli Rajan as Rajarishi's Sishyan Cho Ramaswamy as Ramasamy Sumalatha as Suma Ramanathan as Raja's friend Senthamarai as Inspector of police S. V. Ramadas as Mahadevan K. Kannan as Henchman of rajarishi Vanitha Krishnachandran as Vasanthi S.L. Narayanan Production A bus had been built for the film resembling a caravan which had many facilities like kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, mini parking area. The bus had been burnt for the film's climax to make the scene look natural. Soundtrack The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja, with lyrics by Panchu Arunachalam. Release and reception Kazhugu was released on 6 March 1981. Nalini Shastry of Kalki praised Babu's cinematography, Ilaiyaraaja's music, the sound effects in fight choreography and also added since the film is inspired from Race with the Devil, it offers a new experience and sustains the interest despite being cinematic. The film failed at the box office as the offbeat theme was not appreciated by fans of Rajinikanth. In the book Rajinikanth: The Definitive Biography, director S. P. Muthuraman is quoted as saying "We bought a bus and created a caravan that became a character in the film. It was a different film, but the audience really didn't understand it". References External links 1980s Tamil-language films 1981 action films 1981 films Films directed by S. P. Muthuraman Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja Films with screenplays by Panchu Arunachalam Indian action films Indian remakes of American films
Eyo Ephraim Adam (ca.1849 – 1911) was the head of Etim Efiom royal house of Old Calabar from 1908 until his death on September 28, 1911. His father Ephraim Adam was the founder of the Tete household in Etim Efiom House. His mother Enang Otuk Oyom was equally from Etim Efiom House. He is credited to have aided in the spread of christianity in Akpabuyo, Nigeria. Independence of Etim Efiom Royal House On the death of Obong Adam Ephraim Adam I in 1906, Eyo Ephraim assumed the position of family head of Etim Efiom sub-House of great Duke House. At this time, Etim Efiom was a sub-house of Duke House. Thus, the late Obong Adam Ephraim Adam I assumed leadership of Duke House albeit having paternal descent from Etim Efiom. Eyo contested for the role of Etubom of Duke House. The only other candidate who emerged in the contest was Adam Ephraim Duke the family-head of Efiong Essien/Okon Idem sub-house of the larger Duke House. With the full backing and support of members of the Duke Ephraim lineage; Adam Ephraim Duke succeeded as Etubom of great Duke House in 1906. This was one of the motivating factors for the move to liberate Etim Efiom house from Duke House. Prior to this period, Etim Efiom House originally known as Tom Ephraim House was established in 1790 and was later placed under regency in 1834 by Duke Ephraim. Thus, Eyo Ephraim together with Oyo-Ita and Eneyo houses sought their liberation from Duke House. Unlike the warring route taken by some houses to assert their independence from Duke House, the fight for the independence of Etim Efiom house was taken to court. Unfortunately, Eyo Ephraim did not live to see the house being liberated as he died in 1911 leaving his fight for independence to his younger sibling, Ekpo Ephraim Adam. Etim Efiom House became autonomous on 11 April 1913. Legacy The abolishment of the slave trade by the British did not mean that slaves residing in the West African region would be automatically liberated. Slave dealings were still ongoing in several parts of the new protectorate until the early 20th century. On 1 January 1902, the new protectorate government made the decision to abolish slave dealings in all parts of the protectorate. This was one of the first steps to the watering down of the slave institution in Old Calabar and its dependencies. On the abolition of slave dealings, The new administration had to deal with the imminent probelem of shortage of labour as slaves made up the workforce in Old Calabar. A new labour policy had to be created with the aim of retaining slaves to provide labour facilities while reconciling the administration's previous stance on slave dealings with unmitigated forms of slavery. According to Nair, "The result was a compromise: gradual abolition of domestic slavery, and the retention of the traditional house system in such a way that the position of slaves was ameliorated. High Commissioner Moor felt that the only way in which slaves could be prevented from running away from the houses was to improve the conditions of slaves within them". In spite of the new policies which aimed to make the status of the slave less burdensome, slaves in the plantations were still prevented from gaining access to the benefits of Missionary presences and Formal Education. According to E. U. Aye, "The missionary made no effort to introduce Christianity into the plantations because he was not allowed to do so by Efik rulers who suspected the Christian dogma as a disruptive influence among the lower orders against the existing Ekpe plutocracy." Through the intervention of Eyo Ephraim Adam, Christianity was introduced into Akpabuyo. The foundation was first laid at Ikot Uba where Eyo introduced the Presbyterian Church and then at Ikot Nakanda. Through his efforts in spreading the Christian faith, the missionaries received a large number of Christian adherents. The Christian religion permeated through villages such as Esuk Mba, Ifondo, Nkakat Ikot Akiriba, Ikot Eneyo, Akwa Obio Inwang Nsidung, Ikot Mbakara, Ekpene Tete and several other villages. Etubom Eyo was a politically active member of the Efik society. He was president of the Efik National Society in 1905 and was also a member of the Old Calabar judicial council from 1902 together with his brothers Ekei Ephraim Adam and Umo Ephraim Adam. Other members of the Old Calabar Judicial included Prince Bassey Duke Ephraim, Ani Eniang Offiong, George Duke Henshaw, Esien Ekpe Hogan-Bassey and several others. Within the Ekpe society of Old Calabar, Etubom Eyo held the title of Obong Mboko. His Children included, Edidem Bassey Eyo Ephraim Adam III, Eyo Eyo Ephraim Adam, Utong Eyo Ephraim Adam and several others. Notes References . . . . . . . . 1911 deaths
Oleksiy Fedosiyovych Vatchenko (; 25 February 1914 – 22 November 1984) was a Ukrainian and Soviet politician, who served as the chairman of Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1976 to 1984. Biography Oleksiy Vatchenko was born in a village of Yelizaveto-Kamyanets that today is located in Dnipro, Ukraine. His sister was Horpyna Vatchenko, director of the Dmytro Yavornytsky National Historical Museum of Dnipro. References External links Profile in the Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991 1914 births 1984 deaths Politicians from Dnipro People from Yekaterinoslav Governorate Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire Candidates of the Central Committee of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Members of the Central Committee of the 23rd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Members of the Central Committee of the 24th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Members of the Central Committee of the 25th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Members of the Central Committee of the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) members Sixth convocation members of the Soviet of Nationalities Seventh convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Eighth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Ninth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Tenth convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Eleventh convocation members of the Soviet of the Union Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union) politicians Head of Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Governors of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast Heroes of Socialist Labour Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner Recipients of the Order of Alexander Nevsky 21st-century Ukrainian politicians
Hofii is a form of female vocal folk music that is believed to have originated from Tlemcen, Algeria. It is known to have existed from the 14th-century, when it was mentioned by Ibn Khaldun in his work Muqaddimah. It is often sung to the accompaniment of a lute. External links Music of Algeria: Selected Recordings Algerian music
Let the Dance Begin () is a 2023 Argentine-Spanish road comedy-drama film directed by which stars Darío Grandinetti and Mercedes Morán alongside Jorge Marrale. Plot Margarita elaborates a ruse feigning her death so she has her former tango partner Carlos returned from Spain (where the latter has formed a family) to Argentina forty years later, thereby initiating a journey across Argentina together, jointly with a shared acquaintance. Cast Production The film is an Argentine-Spanish co-production by Meridional Producciones, Oeste Films, Patagonik Film Group, El Gatoverde Producciones, Áralan Films, Empiza el baile película AIE; Habitación 1520 Producciones, Sur Films, and Reina de Pike Producciones. It also had the participation of RTVE, and the collaboration of the Madrid regional administration, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Ibermedia, INCAA, the Government of Mendoza, Consejo General de Inversiones Argentina and Bodega Santa Julia. Release The film was presented in the official selection of the 26th Málaga Film Festival on 14 March 2023. Distributed by Me lo Creo, it was released theatrically in Spain on 5 April 2023. Distributed by Star Distribution, the film was scheduled to open in Argentine theatres on 20 April 2023. Reception Andrea G. Bermejo of Cinemanía rated the film 4 out of 5 stars, assessing "Grandinetti, Morán and Marrale, [to be] a trio of unforgettable actors". Elsa Fernández-Santos of El País deemed the film to be a "journey of return full of humor and pain thanks to a well-spun story through three wonderful performers". Nando Salvà of El Periódico de Catalunya rated the film 3 out of 5 stars, pointing out that the efficiency of its sense of humor is based on the "overwhelming performances of three perfectly balanced and synchronized actors". Manuel J. Lombardo of Diario de Sevilla rated the film 3 out of 5 stars, pointing out that despite "fully assuming certain Argentine stereotypes", the film manages to achieve, "above all thanks to its three great performers", just the right tone of bittersweet and melancholic comedy. Guillermo Courau of La Nación rated the film 3 out of 5 stars ('good'), describing it as a "film as tender as it is bitter, not without touches of black humor helping to soften its taciturn essence", which stands out for the performances from the leading trio. Accolades \|- \| align = "center" rowspan = "2" \| 2023 \|\| rowspan = "2" \| 26th Málaga Film Festival \|\| Best Supporting Actor \|\| Jorge Marrale \|\| \|\| rowspan = "2" \| \|- \| colspan = "2" \| Audience's Choice Award \|\| \|} See also List of Argentine films of the 2020s List of Spanish films of 2023 References 2023 films 2023 comedy-drama films 2020s road comedy-drama films Argentine comedy-drama films Spanish road comedy-drama films Films set in Argentina 2020s Spanish-language films 2020s Spanish films 2020s Argentine films Áralan Films films
Vapaliximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody and an experimental immunosuppressive drug. Development was discontinued by 2012. References Monoclonal antibodies
Echo Valley Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, located west of the town of Fort Qu'Appelle in the Qu'Appelle Valley between Echo Lake and Pasqua Lake in the RM of North Qu'Appelle No. 187. The three main roads to access the park are Highways 210, 56, and 727. Echo Valley Provincial Park is situated on the southern shores and the isthmus between Echo and Pasqua Lakes with the northern boundary being the spot where the Qu'Appelle River cuts through the isthmus, which is called Sioux Crossing. There are two beach areas, one on each lake on either side of the isthmus. There are also over 300 campsites in the portion of the park on the south side of the lakes. Attractions and amenities Nestled between two lakes, there are many attractions and recreational opportunities in the park. Both lakes have beach access for swimming, picnicking, beach volleyball, playgrounds, mini golf, fishing, and boating. The beaches are sandy and there's a public boat launch. Echo Lake, the lake to east, has a more developed beach area than Pasqua. There are over 300 campsites in the park and most are electrified. The sites are divided into several different campgrounds, including Lakeview A, Lakeview B, Valleyview, Morningview, Aspen, and Prince Edward. Valleyview is the largest with 245 sites and Morningview is the only full-service campground. All campgrounds have access to potable water and washrooms. The park has a hiking trail that winds through the forests and coulees. In the winter, the roads of the Aspen Campground are turned into skating trails in the annual Skate the Park event. There are also cross-country ski trails set up and snow shoes are available for rent. Winter camping is available and through Camp-Easy, yurts are available for rent. Gallery See also List of protected areas of Saskatchewan Tourism in Saskatchewan References External links North Qu'Appelle No. 187, Saskatchewan Provincial parks of Saskatchewan Division No. 6, Saskatchewan
```c++ #include <vespa/messagebus/network/rpctargetpool.h> #include <vespa/messagebus/testlib/slobrok.h> #include <vespa/messagebus/testlib/testserver.h> #include <vespa/vespalib/testkit/test_kit.h> #include <vespa/log/log.h> LOG_SETUP("targetpool_test"); using namespace mbus; class PoolTimer : public ITimer { public: uint64_t millis; PoolTimer() : millis(0) { // empty } uint64_t getMilliTime() const override { return millis; } }; TEST("targetpool_test") { // Necessary setup to be able to resolve targets. Slobrok slobrok; TestServer srv1(Identity("srv1"), RoutingSpec(), slobrok); RPCServiceAddress adr1("", srv1.mb.getConnectionSpec()); TestServer srv2(Identity("srv2"), RoutingSpec(), slobrok); RPCServiceAddress adr2("", srv2.mb.getConnectionSpec()); TestServer srv3(Identity("srv3"), RoutingSpec(), slobrok); RPCServiceAddress adr3("", srv3.mb.getConnectionSpec()); fnet::frt::StandaloneFRT server; FRT_Supervisor & orb = server.supervisor(); std::unique_ptr<PoolTimer> ptr(new PoolTimer()); PoolTimer &timer = *ptr; RPCTargetPool pool(std::move(ptr), 0.666, 1 ); // Assert that all connections expire. RPCTarget::SP target; ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr1))); target.reset(); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr2))); target.reset(); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr3))); target.reset(); EXPECT_EQUAL(3u, pool.size()); for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i) { pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(3u, pool.size()); } timer.millis += 999; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(0u, pool.size()); // Assert that only idle connections expire. ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr1))); target.reset(); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr2))); target.reset(); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr3))); target.reset(); EXPECT_EQUAL(3u, pool.size()); timer.millis += 444; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(3u, pool.size()); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr2))); target.reset(); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr3))); target.reset(); timer.millis += 444; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(2u, pool.size()); ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr3))); target.reset(); timer.millis += 444; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(1u, pool.size()); timer.millis += 444; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(0u, pool.size()); // Assert that connections never expire while they are referenced. ASSERT_TRUE((target = pool.getTarget(orb, adr1))); EXPECT_EQUAL(1u, pool.size()); for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) { timer.millis += 999; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(1u, pool.size()); } target.reset(); timer.millis += 999; pool.flushTargets(false); EXPECT_EQUAL(0u, pool.size()); } TEST_MAIN() { TEST_RUN_ALL(); } ```
Allex () is a commune near Crest in the Drôme department in southeastern France. The river Drôme runs nearby. Population See also Communes of the Drôme department References External links Town hall website Communes of Drôme Dauphiné
Isabelle Eberhardt: The Oblivion Seeker is a soundtrack album by the ambient composer Paul Schütze, released in 1994 through SDV Tonträger. The music was composed for the 1991 Australian film Isabelle Eberhardt directed by Ian Pringle. Track listing Personnel Paul Schütze – instruments, production Jörg Willich – design References External links 1994 soundtrack albums Film soundtracks Paul Schütze albums Albums produced by Paul Schütze
The Tilapiini (occasionally Tilapini) are a tribe within the family Cichlidae commonly known as tilapiine cichlids. Formerly this tribe contained many other genera and species, including the economically important Oreochromis and Sarotherodon, but a taxonomic review found that this grouping was paraphyletic and most were moved to Coelotilapini, Coptodonini, Heterotilapini, Oreochromini and Pelmatolapiini. Together, most species in these tribes are called "tilapias". In a more distant past, a number of other, more different genera like Steatocranus also were included in Tilapiini. With these as separate, Tilapiini now is a much more restricted tribe with only three genera and about half a dozen species from Central and Southern Africa. Systematics The tilapiines were recognised by the ichthyologist Ethylwynn Trewavas. mtDNA-based phylogenies of tilapiines must be evaluated with caution, however, as they are usually close to, but do not represent the true evolutionary relationships of these fishes. The reason is that hybridization within any one of these major lineages is known to usually produce fertile offspring, and might also do so between the lineages. Gene pools in these fishes have been kept (largely) separate by behavioral cues for millions of years, but reproductive incompatibility has been far slower to evolve, like in many Pseudocrenilabrinae (African cichlids). A small sample size—one to a mere handful of specimens per taxon—as is often used in molecular studies further acerbates the problem. As discussed below for the example of mouthbreeding, nonmolecular data such as morphology or behavior have also turned out to be extremely prone to homoplasies, not the least due to the small but ongoing gene flow between evolutionarily quite distant gene pools. Essentially, most traditional and mtDNA-based phylogenetic hypothesis for tilapiines must be considered with a high degree of caution. This problem could be alleviated to some extent by using nDNA sequences. Comparing these with the mtDNA data, hybridization effects could be discerned. Also, resolution of nDNA likely is still good enough to delimit the clades that apparently exist in the "tilapiines" if numerous taxa and specimens are sampled. Researchers could then reanalyze morphological data to discover actual autapomorphies. Evolution seems to run quickly in this group. Even the fast-evolving mtDNA sequences often are incapable of properly resolving interspecies relationships. The precise evolutionary history of some tilapiines may not be properly resolved with presently available methods, for the reasons discussed above. Diversity of breeding behaviour Like other cichlids, tilapiines exhibit complex reproductive behaviours and guard their eggs and fry. Broadly speaking, the plesiomorphic trait is substratum-spawning behavior, meaning that the fish form pairs, lay the eggs on a rock or into a depression made in the substrate, and then both parents guard the eggs and fry. References Further reading Klett, Vera & Meyer, Axel (2002): What, if Anything, is a Tilapia? Mitochondrial ND2 Phylogeny of Tilapiines and the Evolution of Parental Care Systems in the African Cichlid Fishes. Molecular Biology and Evolution 19(6): 865–883. Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Irene E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan (2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20(3): 361–374. Trewavas, Ethelwynn (1983): Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. Published by the British Museum (Natural History), London. 583 pages. Pseudocrenilabrinae
Lanty may refer to: People Alain Lanty (born 1961), French singer, composer and pianist Lanty Slee (1800–1878), English smuggler Places Lanty, Arkansas, United States Lanty, Nièvre, France Lanty-sur-Aube, France
Cathail O'Mahony (born 1999) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays for Cork Intermediate Championship club Mitchelstown and at inter-county level with the Cork senior football team. He usually lines out as a full-forward. Career statistics Club Inter-county Honours Mitchelstown Cork Premier 2 Minor Football Championship (1): 2016 Cork National Football League Division 3 (1): 2020 All-Ireland Under-20 Football Championship (1): 2019 Munster Under-20 Football Championship (1): 2019 References 1999 births Living people Mitchelstown Gaelic footballers Cork inter-county Gaelic footballers
The Experimental Military Unit (EMU) was a joint Australian-American company-sized helicopter assault force which operated during the Vietnam War. The unit was created in 1967 following a request from the United States military for Australia to send more helicopter pilots to the conflict. As the only available personnel were from the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) Fleet Air Arm (with Australian Army and RAAF pilots already heavily committed), the RAN Helicopter Flight Vietnam (RANHFV) was formed and integrated into the 135th Assault Helicopter Company of the United States Army. The EMU unit name was selected by the Americans as a backronym for the Australian bird, a choice which amused the Australians: despite being large, fast, and highly mobile, the emu cannot fly. The EMU flew multiple variants of the UH-1 Iroquois helicopter, and was primarily tasked with providing transport and support for units of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), United States Army and Marine Corps, and Australian Army. A typical day's operations consisted of ten transports (supported by four gunships and a command unit) collecting a unit of soldiers, performing a combat assault, then returning the unit to base. Other operations included dawn and dusk assaults, night hunter-killer patrols, and supporting United States Navy SEAL units in the capture of senior Viet Cong personnel. Although the RAN contingent was significantly smaller than the rest of the unit, the Australian personnel frequently found themselves in senior positions, due to having more extensive training and experience than their American counterparts. Initially operating out of Vung Tau Air Base, the EMU was relocated to Blackhorse Base Camp at the end of 1967. In late 1968, the unit was moved to near Biên Hòa. In mid-1970, the EMU was tasked to operations into Cambodia, but as the rules of engagement for the Australians forbade them from operating outside Vietnam, the unit operated under-strength for several days until being retasked back to Vietnam operations. Later that year, the unit was relocated to Đồng Tâm. The RANHFV was withdrawn from Vietnam in 1971, ending the joint unit. The Australian contingent was the most heavily decorated RAN unit to serve in the Vietnam War, and the one with the highest casualty rate. Organisation and role The EMU was formed around the US Army's 135th Assault Helicopter Company. The 135th had previously flown Caribou transports as a tactical air transport company, but was reoriented for helicopters following the Johnson-McConnell agreement of 1966, when all fixed-wing aircraft were transferred to the United States Air Force and all rotary-wing aircraft to the United States Army. The 135th was integrated with the Royal Australian Navy Helicopter Flight Vietnam, an Australian contingent of eight pilots, four observers, four aircrew, 24 technical sailors and mechanics, and six administrative personnel, all drawn from 723 Squadron RAN. Four of these contingents were deployed during the Australian participation in the joint unit (RANHFV 1 through 4). The Australian officer in charge of the RAN contingent became the executive officer of the 135th Company, and because of their more extensive training and experience when compared to the American personnel (for example, one US Army flying instructor assigned to the company had only 125 hours flying experience, while each RAN pilot had over 1,000 hours), Australian personnel commonly filled out leadership positions throughout the company. The collective name for the combined unit was the Experimental Military Unit, or EMU. The name was a backronym for emu, and was selected by the 135th before their deployment for being a large, fast, and highly mobile Australian bird. The designation amused Australian members of the company, because emus cannot fly. The EMU was officially part of 12th Aviation Group, 1st Aviation Brigade, and was part of the US Army chain of command. A separate chain of command for RAN personnel was maintained to the Commander Australian Forces Vietnam. The Australian command chain was rarely used: David Farthing, who led RANHFV 3, claims he only had to use it once during his twelve-month deployment. The main role of the EMU was to provide transport and support for units of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), United States Army and Marine Corps, and Australian Army. For this purpose, the company was equipped with UH-1 Iroquois helicopters: 30 UH-1D or UH-1H 'Slick' troop-carrying helicopters (the EMU was the first Assault Helicopter Company to be equipped with the 'H' model), and eight UH-1C gunship helicopters (nicknamed Taipans, after the venomous Australian snake). The company was divided up into five platoons: two troop transport, one gunship, one maintenance, and one headquarters. A typical daily deployment consisted of ten Slicks (plus a spare), two teams of two gunships, and a Command and Control helicopter (designated 'Charley Charley'). The helicopters would depart base at dawn, collect a unit (typically from the United States 9th Infantry Division, the United States 199th Infantry Brigade, the South Vietnamese III and IV Corps, or the 1st Australian Task Force), perform a combat assault, then return the unit to their base before dark. Other duties performed by the EMU, particularly from 1970 onwards, included dawn and dusk assaults; night hunter-killer patrols, which consisted of one Slick armed with flares, two gunships, and a Charley Charley armed with a high-power searchlight and a twin 0.50 calibre machinegun; and joint operations with the United States Navy SEALs, which typically involved locating and capturing senior Viet Cong (VC) personnel. History Creation In 1966, the United States requested that Australia send more helicopter pilots to Vietnam, as the increase in the number of US and allied soldiers had increased beyond the capability of helicopter transport and support units. Because of Australian Army and Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) commitments in Vietnam and elsewhere, the only available pilots were from the RAN Fleet Air Arm. It was originally intended to integrate them with the RAAF's No. 9 Squadron, although the United States Army requested that the RAN pilots be integrated with one of their helicopter companies. On 14 July 1967, it was announced that the RAN Helicopter Flight Vietnam (RANHFV) would be created and combined with the US Army's 135th Assault Helicopter Company to form the Experimental Military Unit (EMU). October 1967 – September 1968 The components of the EMU arrived in Vung Tau during early October 1967: the 135th during the first week, and the RANHFV contingent during 16–18 October. The company was declared operational on 3 November 1967. The company operated from Vung Tau Air Base during November and December, then was relocated to Blackhorse Base Camp (operating base of the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment) in the Xuân Lộc district on 31 December. In mid-February, while delivering the ARVN 9th Division to a landing zone near Mỹ Tho, the EMU encountered multiple companies of heavily armed North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) soldiers. One helicopter was shot down by a rocket, killing the American aircrew, and eight other aircraft were damaged. On 22 February 1968, a RAN EMU pilot was killed while leading a mission to extract ARVN soldiers from a VC assault. He was the first Australian pilot to be killed in the Vietnam War. A program started in late February, where pilots from No. 9 Squadron RAAF were invited to fly with the EMU for two-week stints: although officially conceived to promote knowledge-sharing between the Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian Air Force and the United States Army aviation branch, the plan also helped counteract pilot shortages in the EMU as United States personnel completed their twelve-month draft period and were not immediately replaced. On 18 May, the EMU was assigned to transport the ARVN 25th Division. During the landing, the force was ambushed by VC: ten aircraft were hit and several ARVN were killed or wounded, although the only injury suffered by EMU aircrew was a bullet through the earlobe of an American pilot. It was later found that the attack resulted from an intelligence leak within the ARVN unit, resulting in a tightening of procedures and the creation of 'Smoky'; an Iroquois modified to generate a smoke screen during landings. On 21 August, a gunship was struck by a rocket and crashed, killing the three aircrew. Starting from 9 September, the second RANHFV contingent was rotated in, with the EMU's Australian Executive Officer relieved on 30 September, and the last members of the first contingent departing on 15 October. During RANHFV 1's deployment, the EMU had flown 30,670 hours, with seven American and three Australian aircrew killed, plus eleven Americans and four Australians seriously injured. October 1968 – September 1969 On 23 October, the EMU met heavy resistance near Bến Tre while performing insertions and extractions of the 9th Division. Two helicopters crashed and were destroyed, and another seven damaged, but there were no aircrew casualties. From November, the EMU was assigned to operate from Bearcat Base (operating base of the 222nd Aviation Battalion) near Biên Hòa, at the same time as their duties expanded to include supporting Royal Thai Army forces. In January 1969, a RAN pilot was killed when his helicopter made contact with power lines during bad weather. In mid-February, a gunship was shot down in Vĩnh Long by a VC force. The aircrew survived, and used the gunship's door-mounted M60 machine guns to keep the VC at bay until another EMU helicopter could rescue them. The VC commenced sporadic mortar attacks on Bearcat on 22 February, forcing the EMU to evacuate their helicopters and support personnel to Blackhorse six times over the next seven days. On 31 May, an EMU gunship escorting a formation near Đồng Tâm Base Camp came under heavy fire and crashed, killing all aboard. Door Gunner, Leading Aircrewman Noel Shipp, the only Australian in the crew, continued to fire as the helicopter hit the ground and was later honored with a Recruit Division in his name at the RAN, Recruit School. On 16 June, an Australian gunner aboard a Slick was wounded while providing covering fire for a medical evacuation of South Vietnamese soldiers near Cái Bè. Despite the start of the wet season in June, PAVN activity increased. This, combined with the loss of several helicopters and the replacement of the US 9th Infantry Division with the less professional ARVN 7th and 9th Divisions as part of the 'Vietnamization' process, increased the EMU's workload. RANHFV 3 began to rotate in from 10 September, and was completed by late September. October 1969 – September 1970 On 19 December, following a VC ambush in Bình Đại which killed half of an ARVN unit, the EMU successfully deployed a blocking force in the path of the PAVN withdrawal, which inflicted heavy casualties. Several helicopters were shot down and crew chiefs killed or wounded during operations in the first months of 1970. Around the same time, the replacement of South Vietnamese commanders with more aggressive officers in the units the EMU operated with, a desire to prevent North Vietnam from launching another Tet Offensive-like attack, and the commencement of night-time hunter-killer patrols dramatically increased the EMU's workload. This was compounded by shortages in new American personnel to replace those who had completed their draft, spare parts, and aircraft, forcing the EMU to borrow helicopters and aircrew from other units. In early March, an EMU helicopter landed on a booby trap, seriously wounding the Australian pilot and killing two South Vietnamese passengers. Later that month, an American gunship crewman died from wounds received from enemy fire, while in a separate incident, five Slicks were damaged by gunfire. At the start of May 1970, the EMU was marked to lead operations into Cambodia. However, as Australian personnel were forbidden by their rules of engagement from entering Cambodia, a point reinforced by the Australian Embassy the night before the first operation, the EMU was forced to operate without Australian personnel for several days, until they were reassigned to duties in Vietnam. The commitment of other helicopter units to the Cambodian campaign further increased the EMU workload. On 18 May, a South Vietnamese outpost was overrun by a VC battalion. The EMU was called in to drop counterattacking troops into the area; during this the Australian-manned lead helicopter was damaged and had to withdraw. Another EMU helicopter was diverted from other operations to lead the insertions. The second leader received cockpit instrument damage from enemy fire, although the Australian pilot remained on station for several more waves. The pilot, Sub-Lieutenant Andy Perry, was later awarded the United States Silver Star, the South Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry, and was mentioned in despatches. Two days later, an EMU gunship crashed after being fired on by a .50 caliber machine gun, killing the American aircrew, while its companion was heavily damaged. By the end of May, the shortage of United States personnel had been addressed, with the company brought back to full strength. However, the gunship platoon was down several helicopters, a situation that remained unaddressed as the UH-1C gunship was no longer in production, and the replacement, the AH-1 Cobra, had not been deployed to frontline units. In August, the EMU was relocated to Đồng Tâm Base Camp, which also housed elements of the United States Navy SEALs and the Mobile Riverine Force. Although closer to the unit's normal operating areas (an advantage which was negated when the ARVN 21st Division, operating in the Mekong Delta began to require EMU support), the base was regularly subjected to mortar and rocket attacks (in the first month, the base was mortared on average once a week). The EMU was required to relocate completely within four days while continuing operations. The Royal Australian Navy rotation from RANHFV 3 to RANHFV 4 occurred during September, with the EMU executive officer position formally handed over on 17 September. October 1970 – June 1971 Attacks on the base continued throughout October and November; five EMU personnel were wounded by mortar shrapnel on 3 November. On 11 November, the EMU was required to drop four waves of South Vietnamese soldiers into an engagement with a VC battalion near the U Minh Forest. During this, five aircraft were damaged, one of which was forced to land, but later recovered. The vulnerability of the UH-1 was demonstrated in late 1970, when five EMU helicopters were shot down in the Kien Hoa province by a single VC soldier armed with an AK-47 rifle. Nobody was killed in the resulting crashes, but all five helicopters had to be airlifted out by CH-47 Chinooks. On 4 December, an Australian EMU pilot rescued a South Vietnamese patrol boat, which had been disabled and was drifting towards the VC force that had attacked it and sunk a companion craft. Despite coming under fire, the pilot achieved this by entangling his Iroquois' landing skids in the boat's superstructure and towing it away. He was later awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his actions. Operations continued into the new year, and on 16 January 1971 an EMU helicopter was shot down, crashing upside-down. The American pilot was killed, but the other personnel survived the crash, linked up with South Vietnamese troops fighting in the area, and remained with them until helicopters of the 1st Cavalry Regiment drove the PAVN off. During late February and early March, South Vietnamese and American forces were involved in Operation Lam Son 719, an attempt to cut North Vietnamese supply lines (known as the Ho Chi Minh trail in Laos. Because of the Australian contingent, the EMU did not participate in this operation, but found that American pilots and aircrew intended for the unit to replace draft completers were instead being diverted to helicopter companies supporting the operation. Early in 1971, it was announced that the RANHFV would be one of several Australian units to withdraw from Vietnam by mid-1971. The Australian personnel of the EMU ceased flying operations on 8 June, and departed on 16 June, marking the end of the joint-force Experimental Military Unit. Awards and honours The Australian personnel received a number of honours and decorations: three were appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), eight received the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), five the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC), and one received the British Empire Medal (BEM). 24 were Mentioned in Despatches, and 34 received Naval Board Commendations. This was over half of the honours and awards presented to RAN personnel serving in the Vietnam War. Australian personnel were also awarded several Vietnamese and United States decorations. 723 Squadron RAN, the parent unit of the RAN Helicopter Flight Vietnam, was awarded the battle honour "Vietnam 1967–71". Five RAN personnel assigned to the EMU were killed during the conflict, with another ten seriously injured: the highest casualty rate of any RAN unit in Vietnam. In 2018, the Australian government awarded the Helicopter Flight Vietnam a Unit Citation for Gallantry, which was presented at a ceremony held at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra. Citations References Books Websites Newspaper articles Further reading External links Huey Vets – EMU Inc.: a non-profit organisation promoting the history of the EMU and Vietnam helicopter units in general, primarily through the operation of an airworthy replica of an EMU helicopter. Australian naval aviation Military units and formations of Australia in the Vietnam War United States Army aviation Companies of the United States Army Military units and formations established in 1966 Military units and formations disestablished in 1971 Australia–United States military relations
Cherry Kathleen Healey (born 1980 as Cherry Kathleen Chadwyck-Healey) is a British television presenter, frequently featuring in self-titled lifestyle documentaries on the BBC. Early life Healey is the daughter of Nicholas Gerald Chadwyck-Healey (son of Sir Charles Arthur Chadwyck-Healey, 4th Baronet) and Alison Jill, daughter of Dr N. Stevens, of Morris House, Thaxted, Essex. She has three brothers. She attended Cheltenham Ladies' College until 1999. Career Best known for her work with light-hearted documentaries on BBC Three, including studies on drinking, childbirth, body issues, dating, and money, Healey frequently relates documentaries to her own life both during the programmes and on her blog on the BBC website. She presented a mini-series called Britain's Favourite Supermarket Foods on BBC One. From 2015 until 2019, Healey presented the E4 spin-off The Jump: On the Piste. In 2018, Healey was a co-founder of The Hotbed Collective podcast, along with writer Anniki Sommerville and journalist Lisa Williams. Healey has also written for several publications including Grazia, You Me Baby magazine, and Cellardoor online. She has co-presented four series of Inside the Factory for BBC Two alongside Gregg Wallace. In 2016, Healey took part in Celebrity MasterChef on BBC One. In 2017–2018 her BBC series Find My First Love is being syndicated in the US on FYI. Personal life In Summer 2010, Healey married her long-term partner Roly Allen. They have a daughter, born 2009, and a son, born 2013. The couple later separated and divorced. Television work References Living people 1980 births Alumni of the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama BBC television presenters British television presenters People educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College Place of birth missing (living people) Chadwyck-Healey family
"Why I Hate School but Love Education" is a 2012 video by English spoken word poet Suli Breaks. Overview The video conveys the message that, while education is good, educational institutions leave much to be desired. It features Suli Breaks rhyming his dislike of the unnecessary strictures of formal schooling. In the video, Breaks also outlines why young people are encouraged to get a formal education. Critical response Emi Kolawole of The Washington Post said, "Breaks's message taps into a very fundamental desire among young people to disrupt — that word ubiquitous to innovation — the educational system." Steven Kalas of the Las Vegas Review-Journal said, "Breaks's motif is rhythmic, staccato narrative. But it's absent the percussive, droning cacophony accompanying most of rap or hip-hop." See also British hip hop References External links 2012 songs Music videos Viral videos British short films Films about education Suli Breaks songs
IPSC Moldova is the Moldovan association for practical shooting under the International Practical Shooting Confederation. External links Official homepage of IPSC Moldova References Regions of the International Practical Shooting Confederation Sports organizations of Moldova
This is a complete list of members of the United States House of Representatives during the 79th United States Congress listed by seniority. As an historical article, the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 79th Congress (January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947). Current seats and party affiliations on the List of current members of the United States House of Representatives by seniority will be different for certain members. Seniority depends on the date on which members were sworn into office. Since many members are sworn in on the same day, subsequent ranking is based on previous congressional service of the individual and then by alphabetical order by the last name of the congressman. Committee chairmanship in the House is often associated with seniority. However, party leadership is typically not associated with seniority. Note: The "*" indicates that the representative/delegate may have served one or more non-consecutive terms while in the House of Representatives of the United States Congress. U.S. House seniority list Delegates See also 79th United States Congress List of United States congressional districts List of United States senators in the 79th Congress by seniority References United States Congressional Elections 1788-1997, by Michael J. Dubin (McFarland and Company 1998) External links Office of the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives 79
Susanna Roope Dockery (1856-1927) was an English watercolour painter who lived both in England and in the city of Porto in Portugal. She mainly painted scenes of rural life in Portugal. Background Susanna Roope Dockery was born in Porto, the daughter of Cabel Roope, whose family came from Dartmouth in England and Elizabeth Whitaker. He was a partner in Hunt, Roope, Teage and Co., of Porto (or “Oporto” as it was then widely known by the English), which was an important company that both imported salted codfish from Newfoundland and exported wines to the United Kingdom and elsewhere. While marriage between the English families of Porto was common, Roope chose to marry Alfred Victor Dockery, the United States Consul in Porto between 1873 and 1876. He was transferred to Leeds, England, where the couple lived after their marriage in 1878. They had three children. Dockery, who was born in 1851 in North Carolina, came from a prominent family of politicians and plantation owners. He owed his diplomatic career after the American Civil War to the family's support of the Republican Party, the party of Abraham Lincoln, but when the Democrats took over the presidency in 1885 he was forced to return to the USA. He took his family with him, but they returned after six years. Apparently lacking financial support from her husband, Susanna Roope Dockery became for a time dependent on her extended family and friends. She took up watercolour painting as a profession. Her paintings were of the Porto area and she also took a small cottage at Afife to the north of Porto in what is now the municipality of Viana do Castelo. Many of her works feature the stone buildings and structures of that area and she also painted scenes of rustic life, of fishing boats, and of the grape harvest. Initially she sold her paintings to British people in Porto and some are still to be found in the houses of Anglo-Portuguese families. The favourable reception of her work encouraged her to seek a wider audience and in February 1897 she exhibited "76 Watercolour drawings of North Portugal" at a gallery in London's Mayfair. In 1899 her watercolours of Costumes of Minho and Douro were exhibited in Lisbon and two of the paintings were purchased by the Queen of Portugal. In 1901 she exhibited a painting at the Royal Academy and she continued to exhibit at commercial galleries in London. Although it is not known for certain, the development of Dockery's painting skills may have been as the result of her visits to her mother's house in Witley in the Surrey Hills to the southwest of London. This village was home to artists such as Myles Birket Foster and Helen Allingham. It is also known that she received some tuition from the Irish artist, Claude Hayes. In 1909, 21 of her painting were chosen to illustrate a book by W.H. Koebel, entitled Portugal, Its Land and People. The book was reprinted as a reproduction in 2010. An exhibition of her paintings was held in London, timed to coincide with the original publication of the book. From 1911, Roope Dockery experienced a series of tragedies. In that year both her brothers died and in the following year her elder son succumbed to tuberculosis. Her younger son, who had emigrated to Africa to be a farmer, died in mysterious circumstances a decade later. She received emotional support from friends and from her daughter's family. She died in September 1927 in Porto and is buried in the churchyard of St James' Church, Porto. Together with her sisters, Ellen and Mary, she is commemorated in a stained glass window in the church. References External links A large collection of Susanna Roope Dockery’s paintings 1856 births Artists from Porto 1927 deaths 19th-century English painters 19th-century British women artists 20th-century English painters 20th-century British women artists English women painters 20th-century English women 19th-century English women artists English expatriates in Portugal
The 2007 Omloop Het Volk – Women's race took place on 18 March 2007. It was the 2nd women's edition of the Omloop Het Volk. Results References Omloop Het Nieuwsblad – Women's race Omloop Het Nieuwsblad Omloop Het Volk Omloop Het Volk - Women's race
Information integration (II) is the merging of information from heterogeneous sources with differing conceptual, contextual and typographical representations. It is used in data mining and consolidation of data from unstructured or semi-structured resources. Typically, information integration refers to textual representations of knowledge but is sometimes applied to rich-media content. Information fusion, which is a related term, involves the combination of information into a new set of information towards reducing redundancy and uncertainty. Examples of technologies available to integrate information include deduplication, and string metrics which allow the detection of similar text in different data sources by fuzzy matching. A host of methods for these research areas are available such as those presented in the International Society of Information Fusion. Other methods rely on causal estimates of the outcomes based on a model of the sources. See also Data fusion (is a subset of Information integration) Sensor fusion Data integration Image fusion Synesthesia Books Springer, Information Fusion in Data Mining (2003), H. B. Mitchell, Multi-sensor Data Fusion – An Introduction (2007) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, S. Das, High-Level Data Fusion (2008), Artech House Publishers, Norwood, MA, and 1596932813 E. P. Blasch, E. Bosse, and D. A. Lambert, High-Level Information Fusion Management and System Design (2012), Artech House Publishers, Norwood, MA. \| References External links Discriminant Correlation Analysis (DCA) Information Integration Using Logical View LNCS 1997. International Society of Information Fusion Data management ar:تكامل البيانات de:Informationsintegration
Formalized by John Tukey, the Tukey lambda distribution is a continuous, symmetric probability distribution defined in terms of its quantile function. It is typically used to identify an appropriate distribution (see the comments below) and not used in statistical models directly. The Tukey lambda distribution has a single shape parameter, λ, and as with other probability distributions, it can be transformed with a location parameter, μ, and a scale parameter, σ. Since the general form of probability distribution can be expressed in terms of the standard distribution, the subsequent formulas are given for the standard form of the function. Quantile function For the standard form of the Tukey lambda distribution, the quantile function, (i.e. the inverse function to the cumulative distribution function) and the quantile density function ( are For most values of the shape parameter, , the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) must be computed numerically. The Tukey lambda distribution has a simple, closed form for the CDF and / or PDF only for a few exceptional values of the shape parameter, for example: { 2, 1, , 0 } (see uniform distribution [case = 1] and the logistic distribution [case = 0]). However, for any value of both the CDF and PDF can be tabulated for any number of cumulative probabilities, , using the quantile function to calculate the value , for each cumulative probability , with the probability density given by , the reciprocal of the quantile density function. As is the usual case with statistical distributions, the Tukey lambda distribution can readily be used by looking up values in a prepared table. Moments The Tukey lambda distribution is symmetric around zero, therefore the expected value of this distribution, if it exists, is equal to zero. The variance exists for and is given by the formula (except when λ = 0) More generally, the n-th order moment is finite when and is expressed in terms of the beta function Β(x,y) (except when λ = 0) : Note that due to symmetry of the density function, all moments of odd orders, if they exist, are equal to zero. L-moments Differently from the central moments, L-moments can be expressed in a closed form. The L-moment of order r>1 is given by The first six L-moments can be presented as follows: Comments The Tukey lambda distribution is actually a family of distributions that can approximate a number of common distributions. For example, {\| class="wikitable" \|- \| = −1 \| approx. Cauchy \|- \| = 0 \| exactly logistic \|- \| = 0.14 \| approx. normal \|- \| = 0.5 \| strictly concave (-shaped) \|- \| = 1 \| exactly uniform \|- \| = 2 \| exactly uniform \|} The most common use of this distribution is to generate a Tukey lambda PPCC plot of a data set. Based on the PPCC plot, an appropriate model for the data is suggested. For example, if the best-fit of the curve to the data occurs for a value of at or near 0.14, then the data could be well-modeled with a normal distribution. Values of less than 0.14 suggests a heavier-tailed distribution; a milepost at = 0 (logistic) would indicate quite fat tails, with the extreme limit at = −1, approximating Cauchy. That is, as the best-fit value of varies from 0.14 towards −1, a bell-shaped PDF with increasingly heavy tails is suggested. Similarly, for an optimal value of becomes greater than 0.14 suggests a distribution with exceptionally thin tails (based on the point of view that the normal distribution itself is thin-tailed to begin with). Except for values of very close to 0, all the suggested PDF functions have finite support, between and . Since the Tukey lambda distribution is a symmetric distribution, the use of the Tukey lambda PPCC plot to determine a reasonable distribution to model the data only applies to symmetric distributions. A histogram of the data should provide evidence as to whether the data can be reasonably modeled with a symmetric distribution. References External links Continuous distributions Probability distributions with non-finite variance
Komediant means comedian in several Germanic languages, including German and Yiddish. Komediant may also refer to: Komediant (film): a 1984 Czech movie directed by Otakar Vávra The Komediant (show): a Yiddish theater act produced by Pesach Burstein and his troupe The Komediant (documentary): a 2000 Israeli documentary in Yiddish and English directed by Arnon Goldfinger on the life and careers of Pesach Burstein and his family
Johanna Magdalena Willmann (13 September 1771 – 23 December 1801) was a German soprano singer, one of a family of musicians. She appeared in Bonn and at the court opera in Vienna. Life Willmann's father, Johann Ignaz Willmann (1739–1815) was a musician, playing flute, violin and cello. Magdalena and her siblings Maximilian and Walburga were born in Bonn between 1767 and 1771; her half-sister Caroline, daughter of Ignaz and his second wife Marianne de Tribolet, was born in 1796. Ignaz became in 1767 a member of the chamber orchestra of the Elector of Cologne in Bonn. The family moved to Vienna in the 1770s, and Ignaz joined the Tonkünstler-Sozietät. In 1784 he arranged a concert in which Magdalena and her siblings Maximilian and Walburga gave their Viennese concert debut. She studied singing with Vincenzo Righini in Vienna, and made her first appearance on the stage in December 1786, in Ignaz Umlauf's Der Ring der Liebe. She came to Bonn in 1788. In the summer of 1790, Luísa Todi sang in Bonn; Alexander Wheelock Thayer wrote: "Magdelena's quick apprehension caught her style, and a few months later she surprised her audience with a grand aria perfectly in the great Italian manner." It is thought that Ludwig van Beethoven met her around this time, and became more attached to her during the trip in 1791 of Bonn musicians to Mergentheim. In the summer of 1791 she made a concert tour with her family, visiting Mainz, Frankfurt, Darmstadt, Mannheim, Munich and other towns. At Dischingen, the summer residence of the Prince of Thurn and Taxis, she took the part of Belmonte in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail, other parts being taken by the Princess, the Duchess of Hildburghausen and others of the aristocracy. In July 1793, the Willmann family left Bonn for Italy, and Peter Winter engaged her for the opera which he composed for the carnival at Venice in 1794. In 1795 Magdelena made a tour through Germany. Returning to Vienna in that year, she was engaged at the Imperial opera. She married in 1799 A. Galvani, a Trieste merchant, and she remained in the Vienna opera until her premature death in 1801. Thayer wrote: "She was very beautiful in person, and upon her return to Vienna, Beethoven renewed his acquaintance with her and (on the testimony of her niece) offered her his hand. Her voice was of phenomenal extent, ranging from high soprano to contralto." He quoted Ernst Ludwig Gerber: "She belongs to the most celebrated German singers, renowned for her wonderfully deep and at the same time remarkably pleasing voice, for her execution and fine taste in delivery, and for her exquisite acting; so that nothing remains to be desired." References Attribution 1771 births 1801 deaths German operatic sopranos 18th-century German women opera singers
Iurie Dudoglo (born 9 July 1991) is a Moldovan male weightlifter, competing in the 56/62 kg category and representing Moldova at international competitions. He competed at world championships, including at the 2010, 2011, and 2015 World Weightlifting Championships. He also competed for Moldova at 2010, 2016, and 2017 European Weightlifting Championships. In 2018 he was issued a ban until 2025 by the International Weightlifting Federation after testing positive for Clenbuterol. Major results References External links 1991 births Living people Moldovan male weightlifters Place of birth missing (living people) Doping cases in weightlifting Moldovan sportspeople in doping cases European Weightlifting Championships medalists 21st-century Moldovan people
Gordon D. Gerling (September 3, 1921 – July 14, 2016) was an American businessman and politician. Gerling was born in the family home in Morton, Renville County, Minnesota. He graduated from the Blue Earth Area High School in Blue Earth, Minnesota and went to the radar school at Dunwoody Institute. He also went to the University of Minnesota. Gerling served in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II and was a radar operator. He lived in Little Falls, Morrison County, Minnesota with his wife and family and was involved in the insurance business. Gerling served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1957 and 1958 and from 1961 to 1966. He died in Little Falls, Minnesota. References 1921 births 2016 deaths People from Renville County, Minnesota People from Little Falls, Minnesota University of Minnesota alumni Businesspeople from Minnesota Military personnel from Minnesota United States Army Air Forces soldiers Members of the Minnesota House of Representatives
Philippe Henri de Girard patented in France spinning frames for both the dry and wet spinning of flax. His inventions were also patented in England in 1815, in the name of Horace Hall. Little is known about Horace Hall, it is a possible pseudonym. Undoubtedly if he had taken out his patent in England in 1815, the year of the Battle of Waterloo, in a French name there would not have been a lot of enthusiasm for it; possibly even suspicion. In the British Isles James Kay was initially credited with the invention of this device. On 2 December 1826 shortly after Kay's patent was awarded, Philippe Henri de Girard wrote to the Editor of The Manchester Guardian complaining about and pointing out he had been the inventor. The following is an extract from his letter: Kay's patent was invalidated, in 1839, on the grounds it was too similar to Horace Hall's; A decision upheld on appeal, in 1841. References Manchester Guardian, 2 Dec.,1826 Private family history sources: Horace Hall was an English businessman living in Livorno (Leghorn) and Florence, Italy (1790-1867). (IJR - 17-08-2017) English businesspeople Year of birth missing Year of death missing

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