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The Saatchi Gallery is a London gallery for contemporary art and an independent charity opened by Charles Saatchi in 1985. Exhibitions which drew upon the collection of Charles Saatchi, starting with US artists and minimalism, moving to the Damien Hirst-led Young British Artists, followed by shows purely of painting, led to Saatchi Gallery becoming a recognised authority in contemporary art globally. It has occupied different premises, first in North London, then the South Bank by the River Thames, and finally in Chelsea, Duke of York's HQ, its current location. In 2019 Saatchi Gallery became a registered charity and began a new chapter in its history. Recent exhibitions include the major solo exhibition of the artist JR, JR: Chronicles, and London Grads Now in September 2019 lending the gallery spaces to graduates from leading fine art schools who experienced the cancellation of physical degree shows due to the pandemic.
The gallery's mission is to support artists and render contemporary art accessible to all by presenting projects in physical and digital spaces that are engaging, enlightening and educational for diverse audiences. The Gallery presents curated exhibitions on themes relevant and exciting in the context of contemporary creative culture. Its educational programmes aim to reveal the possibilities of artistic expression to young minds, encourage fresh thought and stimulate innovation.
In 2019, Saatchi Gallery transitioned to becoming a charitable organisation, relying upon private donations to reinvest its revenue into its core learning activities and to support access to contemporary art for all.
History
Boundary Road
Opening and US art
The Saatchi Gallery opened in 1985 in Boundary Road, St John's Wood, London in a disused paint factory of . The first exhibition was held March—October 1985 featured many works by American minimalist Donald Judd, American abstract painters Brice Marden and Cy Twombly, and American pop artist Andy Warhol. This was the first U.K. exhibition for Twombly and Marden.
These were followed throughout December 1985 – July 1986 by an exhibition of works by American sculptor John Chamberlain, American minimalists Dan Flavin, Sol LeWitt, Robert Ryman, Frank Stella, and Carl Andre. During September 1986 – July 1987, the gallery exhibited German artist Anselm Kiefer and American minimalist sculptor Richard Serra. The exhibited Serra sculptures were so large that the caretaker's flat adjoining the gallery was demolished to make room for them.
From September 1987 – January 1988, the Saatchi Gallery mounted two exhibitions entitled New York Art Now, featuring Jeff Koons, Robert Gober, Peter Halley, Haim Steinbach, Philip Taaffe, and Caroll Dunham. This exhibition introduced these artists to the U.K. for the first time. The blend of minimalism and pop art influenced many young artists who would later form the Young British Artists (YBA) group.
April – October 1988 featured exhibited works by American figurative painter Leon Golub, German painter and photographer Sigmar Polke, and American Abstract Expressionist painter Philip Guston. During November 1988 – April 1989 a group show featured contemporary American artists, most prominently Eric Fischl. From April – October, the gallery hosted exhibitions of American minimalist Robert Mangold and American conceptual artist Bruce Nauman. From November 1989 – February 1990, a series of exhibitions featured School of London artists including Lucian Freud, Frank Auerbach, Leon Kossoff and Howard Hodgkin.
During January – July 1991, the gallery exhibited the work of American pop artist Richard Artschwager, American photographer Cindy Sherman, and British installation artist Richard Wilson. Wilson's piece 20:50, a room entirely filled with oil, became a permanent installation at the Saatchi Gallery's Boundary Road venue. September 1991 – February 1992 featured a group show, including American photographer Andres Serrano.
Young British Artists
In an abrupt move, Saatchi sold much of his collection of US art, and invested in a new generation of British artists, exhibiting them in shows with the title Young British Artists. The core of the artists had been brought together by Damien Hirst in 1988 in a seminal show called Freeze. Saatchi augmented this with his own choice of purchases from art colleges and "alternative" artist-run spaces in London. His first showing of the YBAs was in 1992, where the star exhibit was a Hirst vitrine containing a shark in formaldehyde and entitled The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living. This was funded by Saatchi. It has become the iconic work of 1990s British art, and the symbol of Britart worldwide.
More recently Saatchi said, "It's not that Freeze, the 1988 exhibition that Damien Hirst organised with this fellow Goldsmiths College students, was particularly good. Much of the art was fairly so-so and Hirst himself hadn't made anything much just a cluster of small colourful cardboard boxes placed high on a wall. What really stood out was the hopeful swagger of it all."
Saatchi's promotion of these artists dominated local art throughout the nineties and brought them to worldwide notice. Among the artists in the series of shows were Jenny Saville, Sarah Lucas, Gavin Turk, Jake and Dinos Chapman and Rachel Whiteread.
Sensation opened in September at the Royal Academy to much controversy and showed 110 works by 42 artists from the Saatchi collection. In 1999 Sensation toured to the Nationalgalerie at the Hamburger Bahnhof in Berlin in the autumn, and then to the Brooklyn Museum of Art, New York, creating unprecedented political and media controversy and becoming a touchstone for debate about the "morality" of contemporary art.
Neurotic Realism and philanthropy
Meanwhile, other shows with different themes were held in the gallery itself. In 1998, Saatchi launched a two part exhibition entitled Neurotic Realism. Though widely attacked by critics, the exhibition included many future international stars including; Cecily Brown, Ron Mueck, Noble and Webster, Dexter Dalwood, Martin Maloney, Dan Coombs, Chantal Joffe, Michael Raedecker and David Thorpe. In 2000 Ant Noises (an anagram of "sensation"), also in two parts, tried surer ground with work by Damien Hirst, Sarah Lucas, Jenny Saville, Rachel Whiteread, the Chapmans, Gavin Turk, Tracey Emin and Chris Ofili.
During this period the Collection was based at '30 Underwood St' an artist Collective of 50 studios and four galleries, the gallery made several large philanthropic donations including 100 artworks in 1999 to the Arts Council of Great Britain Collection, which operates a "lending library" to museums and galleries around the country, with the aim of increasing awareness and promoting interest in younger artists; 40 works by young British artists through the National Art Collections Fund, now known as the Art Fund, to eight museum collections across Britain in 2000; and 50 artworks to the Paintings in Hospitals program which provides a lending library of over 3,000 original works of art to NHS hospitals, hospices and health centers throughout England, Wales and Ireland in 2002.
After the Gallery moved from Boundary Road, the site was redeveloped by the Ardmore Group for residential use, under the name 'The Collection'.
County Hall
In April 2003, the gallery moved to County Hall, the Greater London Council's former headquarters on the South Bank, occupying of the ground floor. 1,000 guests attended the launch, which included a "nude happening" of 200 naked people staged by artist Spencer Tunick.
The opening exhibition included a retrospective by Damien Hirst, as well as work by other YBAs, such as Jake and Dinos Chapman and Tracey Emin alongside some longer-established artists including John Bratby, Paula Rego and Patrick Caulfield.
Hirst disassociated himself from the retrospective to the extent of not including it in his CV. He was angry that a Mini car that he had decorated for charity with his trademark spots was being exhibited as serious work. The show also scuppered a prospective Hirst retrospective at Tate Modern. He said Saatchi was "childish" and "I'm not Charles Saatchi's barrel-organ monkey ... He only recognises art with his wallet ... he believes he can affect art values with buying power, and he still believes he can do it." (In July 2004, Hirst said, "I respect Charles. There's not really a feud. If I see him, we speak, but we were never really drinking buddies.")
On 24 May 2004, a fire in the Momart storage warehouse destroyed many works from the collection, including the Tracey Emin work Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–95 ("the tent"), and Jake and Dinos Chapman's tableau Hell. A gallery spokesman said that Saatchi was distraught at the loss: "It is terrible. A significant part of the work in his collection has been affected." One art insurance specialist valued the lost work at £50m.
In 2004, Saatchi's recent acquisitions (including Stella Vine) were featured in New Blood, a show of mostly little-known artists working in a variety of media. It received a hostile critical reception, which caused Saatchi to speak out angrily against the critics.
Saatchi, said that most YBAs would prove "nothing but footnotes" in history, and sold works from his YBA collection, beginning in December 2004 with Hirst's iconic shark for nearly £7 million (he had bought it for £50,000 in 1991), followed by at least twelve other works by Hirst. Four works by Ron Mueck, including key works Pinocchio and Dead Dad, went for an estimated £2.5 million. Mark Quinn's Self, bought in 1991 for a reported £13,000, sold for £1.5 million. Saatchi also sold all but one work by Sam Taylor-Wood (he showed five in the Sensation show). The sale was compared to his sale in the 1980s of most of his postwar American art collection. David Lee said: "Charles Saatchi has all the hallmarks of being a dealer, not a collector. He first talks up the works and then sells them."
In 2005, Saatchi changed direction, announcing a year-long, three-part series (subsequently extended to two years and seven parts), The Triumph of Painting. The opening exhibition focused on established European painters, including Marlene Dumas, Martin Kippenberger, Luc Tuymans and Peter Doig, who had not previously received such significant U.K. exposure. Shows in the series were scheduled to introduce young painters from America like Dana Schutz and Germans such as Matthias Weischer, as well as Saatchi's choice of up and coming British talent.
The gallery received 800,000 visitors a year. In 2006, 1,350 schools organised group visits to the gallery.
In 2006, a selection from The Triumph of Painting was exhibited in Leeds Art Gallery and USA Today: New American Art from the Saatchi Gallery opened at the Royal Academy. This exhibition toured to The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia in 2007.
Court case
The gallery's tenancy of County Hall had ongoing difficulties with Makoto Okamoto, London branch manager of the owners, who Saatchi complained had kicked artworks and sealed off the disabled toilets. On 28 September 2005, the gallery announced a move to new and larger premises in the Duke of York's Headquarters, Chelsea, though Saatchi said it was "tragic" to leave. On 6 October 2005, a court case began, brought by the owners and landlord of County Hall, the Shirayama Shokusan Company and Cadogan Leisure Investments, against Danovo (Saatchi was its majority shareholder), trading as the Saatchi Gallery, for alleged breach of conditions, including a two-for-one ticket offer in Time Out magazine and exhibition of work in unauthorized areas. The judgment went against the gallery; the judge, Sir Donald Ratee, and ordered the gallery off the premises because of a "deliberate disregard" of the landlords' rights.
On 8 October 2006, Danovo was forced into liquidation with debts around £1.8 million, having failed to pay the court-ordered penalty.
Duke of York's HQ
On 9 October 2008 the Gallery opened its new premises, described in The Observer as one of "the most beautiful art spaces in London", in the Duke of York's HQ on Kings Road, London, near Sloane Square. The building was refurbished by architects Paul Davis + Partners and Allford Hall Monaghan Morris. It consists of 15 equally-proportioned exhibition spaces "as light, as high, and as beautifully proportioned as any in London".
The main opening exhibition was of new Chinese art, The Revolution Continues: New Art From China, bringing together the work of twenty-four young Chinese artists in a survey of painting, sculpture and installation, including Zhang Huan, Li Songsong, Zhang Xiaogang, Zhang Haiying and conceptual artists Sun Yuan & Peng Yu. The show's focus was on political issues surrounding China's Cultural Revolution and also the contemporary political context. The decision to open with The Revolution Continues was directly influenced by global interest in China as a result of the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Jackie Wullschlager in the Financial Times said it was "the most persuasive showing of contemporary Chinese art yet mounted in this country", and, contrasting it with the "deadly" contemporaneous Turner Prize show, "Saatchi's collection of Chinese art is one that Tate would kill for, and could not begin to afford"; she said that it was "an example of a private museum grand and serious enough to compete with national institutions."
More recent exhibitions include the London-leg of the touring show Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh, the solo exhibition of the artist JR, JR: Chronicles, and London Grads Now in September 2019 lending the gallery spaces to graduates from leading fine art schools who experienced the cancellation of a physical degree show due to the pandemic (described by critic Waldemar Januszczak in The Sunday Times as "a good idea. Saatchi Gallery deserves a slap on the back for organising this selection of work from grads shows, a highlight of every art student's education". The Gallery also hosts the annual Carmignac Photojournalism Award and various art fairs and global events including music group BICEP's live global stream of their new album in March 2021.
Philosophy
Saatchi Gallery's goal is to show contemporary work that would otherwise not be seen in London institutions such as Tate Modern. The gallery's ex head of development, Rebecca Wilson, said, "The gallery's guiding principle is to show what is being made now, the most interesting artists of today. It's about drawing people's attentions to someone who might be tomorrow's Damien Hirst." The gallery's aim is to make art more accessible to the mainstream, rather than an exclusive artworld pursuit.
Timeline
1985 – Saatchi Gallery opens at Boundary Road, London NW8, featuring works by Donald Judd, Brice Marden, Cy Twombly and Andy Warhol. This was the first UK exhibition for Twombly and Marden.
1986 – Exhibits Anselm Kiefer and Richard Serra.
1987 – The New York Art Now show introduces American artists including Jeff Koons, Robert Gober, Ashley Bickerton, Carroll Dunham and Phillip Taaffe to the UK.
1988–1991 ¬– Introduces artists including Leon Golub, Phillip Guston, Sigmar Polke, Bruce Nauman, Richard Artschwager and Cindy Sherman to London.
1992 – Curates its first Young British Artists show Damien Hirst, Marc Quinn, Rachel Whiteread, Gavin Turk, Glenn Brown, Sarah Lucas, Jenny Saville and Gary Hume were all presented in these exhibitions.
1996 – Sixth Young British Artists show featuring Dan Coombs
1997 – Opens Sensation: Young British Art from the Saatchi Gallery at the Royal Academy featuring 42 artists including The Chapman Brothers, Marcus Harvey, Damien Hirst, Ron Mueck, Jenny Saville, Sarah Lucas & Tracey Emin. Sensation attracted over 300,000 visitors, a record for a contemporary exhibition.
1999 – Sensation at the Hamburger Bahnhof in Berlin.
1999 – Sensation tours to Brooklyn Museum of Art.
1999 – Donates 100 artworks to the Arts Council of Great Britain Collection, which operates a 'lending library' to museums and galleries around Britain.
2000 – Donates 40 works through the National Art Collections Fund to eight museums across Britain.
2000 – Begins a series of one person shows of major international figures mostly new to Britain, including Duane Hanson, Boris Mikhailov and Alex Katz. Shows entitled Young Americans and Eurovision introduce artists including John Currin, Andreas Gursky, Charles Ray, Richard Prince, Rineke Dijkstra, Lisa Yuskavage and Elizabeth Peyton.
2001 – I am a Camera exhibition opens at the Gallery, showing photography and other related works where traditional boundaries are blurred as photographs influence paintings, and paintings influence photographs. The show included work by many other artists new in the UK.
2002 – Donates 50 artworks to the Paintings in Hospitals program which lends over 3,000 originals to NHS hospitals, hospices and health centers throughout England, Wales and Ireland.
2003 – Moves to County Hall, the Greater London Council's former headquarters on the South Bank, creating a exhibition space. The opening show included a Hirst retrospective as well as works by other YBAs such as the Chapman Brothers, Tracey Emin, Jenny Saville and Sarah Lucas.
2004 – A fire in the Momart storage warehouse destroyed many works from the collection, including the major Tracey Emin work Everyone I Have Ever Slept With 1963–95 ("the tent"), and Jake and Dinos Chapman's tableau Hell.
2005 – Launches a year-long, three-part series exhibition, The Triumph of Painting. The opening exhibition focuses on influential European painters Marlene Dumas, Martin Kippenberger, Luc Tuymans, Peter Doig, Jörg Immendorff, and followed with younger painters including Albert Oehlen, Wilhelm Sasnal and Thomas Scheibitz.
2005 – Expanded into the Duke of York's Headquarters building in Chelsea. This put a halt to London shows while the new premises were being prepared.
2005 – Exhibited a selection of works from The Triumph of Painting in Leeds Art Gallery.
2006 – During the period between premises, the Saatchi Online website began an open-access section where artists could upload works of art and their biographies onto personal pages. The site currently has over 100,000 artist profiles and receives over 68 million hits a day, ranking at 316 in the Alexa Top 50,000 World Websites.
2006 – In association with the Guardian newspaper, opened the first ever reader-curated exhibition, showing the work of 10 artists registered on Saatchi Online. In November launched a new section within Saatchi Online exclusively for art students, called Stuart. Art students from all over the world were able to create home pages with images of their art, photos, lists of their favorite artists, books, films and television shows, and links to their friends' pages. Other sections on Saatchi Online include; chat, a daily art magazine, a forum, written and video blogs, as well as sections for street art, photography and illustration.
2006 – USA Today: New American Art from the Saatchi Gallery opens at the Royal Academy.
2007 – Added a new online feature called "Museums around the World" hosting over 2,800 museums, showing collection highlights, exhibitions and other relevant information. 2,700 Colleges and Universities from around the world also offer their profiles, enabling potential students to examine their prospectuses.
2007 – USA Today: New American Art from the Saatchi Gallery toured to The State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia.
2008 – Reopens on the 9 October in the entire Duke of York's Headquarters building on Kings Road in Chelsea, London, with The Revolution Continues: New Art from China.
2014 – Saatchi Online sold to Demand Media for $17 million and rebranded as SaatchiArt.com.
2019 – Saatchi Gallery transitioned to becoming a charitable organisation
Saatchi Online
In 2006, during the period in limbo between premises, the gallery's website began an open-access section, including Your Gallery, where artists can upload up to twenty works and a biography to a personal page. Over 100,000 artists had done so as of 2010, and the site receives an estimated 73 million hits a day. Your Gallery was later rebranded as Saatchi Online. In September 2008, Alexa Internet ranked Saatchi Gallery among the leading 300 websites in the world. In March 2012 Alexa ranked Saatchi Online's position at 30,454. In November 2007 it was estimated that professional artists registered sell over $100 million of art directly from the site annually. In 2008 Saatchi Online launched a saleroom section that hosts over 84,000 entries from artists wishing to sell their work. For original work, Saatchi Online takes a 30% commission on the final sale price. If a Promotional discount code is offered, SO and Artist will split it equally. For prints, artists are entitled to 70% of the profit on each sale. Artists are also responsible for the costs of print production.
In October 2006 the Saatchi Gallery in association with The Guardian newspaper opened the first ever reader-curated exhibition, showing the work of 10 Saatchi Online artists. Users may also be featured in the Saatchi Online stall at various art fairs. In November 2006 the gallery launched a new section exclusively for art students, called Stuart. Stuart also hosts an annual competition, 4 New Sensations, in association with Channel 4.
Other spaces on Saatchi Online including a forum, live chat, blogs, videos, photography and illustration. The site also publishes grant and funding opportunities. A daily magazine features 24-hour news updated every 15 minutes, as well as articles and reviews by art critics such as Jerry Saltz and Matthew Collings. The site recently began broadcasting an online television channel with video access to art openings, artists' studios, performances and interviews.
Interactive features include the weekly Showdown competition, where users can win an exhibition spot, the Online Studio for creating art (each month a critic selects a winner in whose name a £500 donation is made to a children's charity) a Crits section in which artists can comment on each other's work, and the Street Art section for graffiti, murals, and performance art.
"Museums around the World" features over 3,300 museums. These include the Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Museum of Modern Art, the Tate, the London National Gallery, the Louvre, and the State Hermitage, as well as small museums.
As of July 2008, 4,300 art dealers and commercial galleries have profiles on the site. Over 2,800 universities and colleges have uploaded prospectuses and student information, including Yale, Harvard, the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford, as well as local art colleges. Over 1,500 schools have uploaded pupils' work. Schools range from Eton College to small Primary and High schools. The Portfolio School Art Prize is open to schools with pupils between 5 and 17.
A Mandarin version allows Chinese artists to upload their profiles in Chinese and translates them into English. There is also a Chinese language chatroom, forum, and blog. The site provides automated translations into many languages; Russian, Spanish and Portuguese versions of the site are planned.
Saatchi Online was sold to Demand Media in August 2014, and was rebranded as SaatchiArt.com. The old Saatchi Online website now redirects there. Saatchi Art is an online marketplace where artists can go to sell originals and prints of their artwork to users of the site, with the website handling the details of the transaction and taking a 30% cut.
Controversies
Artists such as Sandro Chia and Sean Scully, to whom Saatchi had been a patron in the late 1970s and early 1980s, felt betrayed by him when their work was sold in bulk from his collection, and Saatchi was accused of destroying Chia's career. Saatchi said that the matter only became an issue because Chia "had a psychological need to be rejected in public" and is now "most famous for being dumped", but that he had only ever owned seven Chias, which he sold back to Chia's two dealers, who re-sold them easily to museums or notable collectors. Saatchi claimed that a sale of strong work can help to galvanise the market for them.
In 1997, in Sensation, London, Marcus Harvey's giant painting of Myra Hindley made from children's hand prints was attacked by two men with ink and eggs, and picketed by the Mothers Against Murder and Aggression protest group, accompanied by Winnie Johnson, the mother of one of Hindley's Moors murders victims. The work was restored and exhibited.
The Sensation show in New York offended Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, because of Chris Ofili's painting, The Holy Virgin Mary, which incorporates elephant dung. Giuliani, who had seen the work in the catalog but not in the show, called it "sick stuff" and threatened to withdraw the annual $7 million City Hall grant from the Brooklyn Museum hosting the show, because "You don't have a right to government subsidy for desecrating somebody else's religion." John O'Connor, the Cardinal of New York, said, "one must ask if it is an attack on religion itself", and the president of America's biggest group of Orthodox Jews, Mandell Ganchrow, called it "deeply offensive". William A Donohue, President of the Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, said the work "induces revulsion". Giuliani started a lawsuit to evict the museum, and Arnold Lehman, the museum director, filed a federal lawsuit against Giuliani for breaching the First Amendment.
Hillary Clinton and the New York Civil Liberties Union spoke up for the museum. The editorial board of The New York Times said Giuliani's stance "promises to begin a new Ice Age in New York's cultural affairs." The paper also carried a petition in support signed by 106, including Susan Sarandon, Steve Martin, Norman Mailer, Arthur Miller, Kurt Vonnegut and Susan Sontag, saying that the mayor "blatantly disregards constitutional protection for freedom of the arts." Ofili, who is Roman Catholic, said, "elephant dung in itself is quite a beautiful object." The museum produced a yellow stamp, saying the artworks on show "may cause shock, vomiting, confusion, panic, euphoria and anxiety." and Ofili's painting was shown behind a Plexiglass screen, guarded by a museum attendant and an armed police officer. Jeffrey Hogrefe, New York Observer art critic, said, "They wanted to get some publicity and they got it. I think it was pretty calculated." The editor-in-chief of the New York Art & Auction magazine, Bruce Wolmer,said: "When the row eventually fades the only smile will be on the face of Charles Saatchi, a master self-promoter." Giuliani lost his court case and was forced to restore funding.
Sensation was scheduled to open in June 2000 at the National Gallery of Australia, but was cancelled. Director Brian Kennedy said that, although it was due to be funded by the Australian government, it was "too close to the market", since finance for the Brooklyn exhibition included $160,000 from Saatchi, who owned the work, $50,000 from Christie's, who had sold work for Saatchi, and $10,000 from dealers of many of the artists. Kennedy said he was unaware of this when he accepted the show; Saatchi's contribution, the largest single one, was not disclosed by the Brooklyn Museum until it appeared in court documents. When the show opened in London at the Royal Academy, there had been criticisms that it would raise the value of the work.
In 2004, media controversy arose over two paintings by Stella Vine. One was of Princess Diana called Hi Paul Can You Come Over, showing the Princess with blood dripping from her lips. The other was of drug user Rachel Whitear, whose body was being exhumed at the time; Whitear's parents and the police appealed for the painting to be withdrawn, but it was not.
In 2004, the Stuckists reported Saatchi to the Office of Fair Trading alleging unfair competition. The complaint was not upheld. They also picketed the opening of The Triumph of Painting claiming that Saatchi had stolen their ideas. (Vine had previously been involved with the Stuckists.)
In 2006, "USA Today" provoked controversy in the media and among some Royal Academicians who called for certain works to be installed in an 'adult-only' room. A notice advising 'parental guidance' before viewing the work of Dash Snow and Gerald Davis was posted by the Royal Academy, on a wall outside the room in which the controversial works were hung. These were Dash Snow's 'Fuck the Police', in which newspaper cuttings relating to police corruption are smeared with the artist's own semen, and a painting titled Monica by Gerald Davis in which a young woman engages in fellatio.
Artists shown at the Saatchi Gallery
Boundary Road
1985
Donald Judd
Brice Marden
Cy Twombly
Andy Warhol
1986
Carl Andre
Sol LeWitt
Robert Ryman
Frank Stella
Dan Flavin
1987
Anselm Kiefer
Richard Serra
Jeff Koons
Robert Gober
Philip Taaffe
Carroll Dunham
1988
Leon Golub
Philip Guston
Sigmar Polke
1989
Robert Mangold
Bruce Nauman
1990
Leon Kossoff
Frank Auerbach
Lucian Freud
1991
Richard Artschwager
Andreas Serrano
Cindy Sherman
1992
Damien Hirst
Rachel Whiteread
1993
Sarah Lucas
Marc Quinn
1994
Jenny Saville
Paula Rego
1995
Gavin Turk
Glenn Brown
Gary Hume
1996
Janine Antoni
Tony Oursler
Richard Prince
Charles Ray
Kiki Smith
1997
Duane Hanson
Andreas Gursky
Martin Honert
Thomas Ruff
Thomas Schütte
1998
David Salle
Jessica Stockholder
Terry Winters
John Currin
Tom Friedman
Josiah McElheny
Laura Owens
Elizabeth Peyton
Lisa Yuskavage
1999
Alex Katz
Martin Maloney
Dexter Dalwood
Ron Mueck
Cecily Brown
Noble and Webster
Michael Raedecker
2000
Boris Mikhailov
2012
Igor Kalinauskas
2013
Karen Heagle
2018
Philip Pearlstein
Sara Barker
Maria Farrar
Kirstine Roepstorff
Juno Calypso
Gavin Turk
Pussy Riot
Pyotr Pavlensky
Oleg Kulik
2019
Johnnie Cooper
Richard Billingham
Aleksandra Mir
Simon Bedwell
Aleksandra Mir
Michael Cline
Jessica Craig-Martin
Valerie Hegarty
John Stezaker
Marianne Vitale
Philip Colbert
Mao Jianhua
Kate Daudy
Ibrahim El-Salahi
Nancy Cadogan
James Alec Hardy
Vinca Petersen
Conrad Shawcross
Dave Swindells
Seana Gavin
Cleo Campert
Toby Mott
Marshmallow Laser Feast
2020
Khushna Sulaman-Butt
Jahnavi Inniss
Francesca Mollett
2021
JR
Ben Turnbull
Dominic Beattie
Tommaso Protti
Will Cruickshank
Alice Wilson
Laura White
Neil Zakiewicz
Stella McCartney
Isabel + Helen
Sara Dare
Tim Ellis
Jo Hummel
Anna Liber Lewis
Anisa Zahedi
Dan Rawlings
Joakim Allgulander
Jake & Dinos Chapman
Morag Myerscough
Sara Pope
Anthony Burrill
Chris Levine
Jess Wilson
Ally McIntyre
Andrew Millar
Dan Hays
Faye Bridgwater
Heath Kane
Joanna Ham
Mimei Thompson
Realf Heygate
County Hall
Damien Hirst
The Chapman Brothers
New Blood
Galleon & Other Stories
The Triumph of Painting
Duke of York's HQ
The Revolution Continues: New Art From China
forthcoming:
Unveiled: New Art from the Middle East
The Triumph of Painting
Out Of Focus: Photography Now
The Power Of Paper
Black Mirror
Penumbra
Sweet Harmony: Rave Today
Kaleidoscope
JR: Chronicles
London Grads Now
In Bloom
RHS Botanical Art & Photography Show 2021
Right Here Right Now
Carmignac Photojournalism Award
Antisocial Isolation
TUTANKHAMUN
We Live in An Ocean of Air
Johnnie Cooper: Throe on Throe
Philip Colbert: Hunt Paintings
Known Unknowns
Publications
The Revolution Continues: New Art From China
Sarah Kent, "Shark Infested Waters: The Saatchi Collection of British Art in the 90s", Philip Wilson Publishers Ltd, 2003, .
Rita Hatton and John A. Walker, "Supercollector, a Critique of Charles Saatchi", The Institute of Artology, 3rd edition 2005, paperback,
USA Today
The Triumph Of Painting
The Triumph Of Painting, Supplementary Volume
The Triumph Of Painting, Supplementary Volume
100 The Work That Changed British Art
Hell, Jake & Dinos Chapman
Paula Rego
Young Americans
Stephan Balkenhol
Fiona Rae & Gary Hume
Duane Hanson
Shark Infested Waters, The Saatchi Collection Of British Art In The 90's
Young German Artists 2
Sensation
Alex Katz: 25 Years Of Painting
Young Americans 2
Neurotic Realism
Eurovision
Ant Noises 1
Ant Noises 2
The Arts Council Gift
I Am A Camera
New Labour
Young British Art
Saatchi Decade
Boris Mikhailov: Case History
Damien Hirst
Notes and references
External links
Virtual tour of the gallery
Sunday Times Q&A with Charles Saatchi, 2008
BBC video coverage of The Revolution Continues
Video review of The Revolution Continues from The Daily Telegraph
The Revolution Continues in pictures, from the BBC
Pictures of the gallery at County Hall highlights of the collection
Charles Saatchi, Readers Q&A, The Art Newspaper
Charles Saatchi, Readers Q&A, The Independent
The Stuckists' criticisms
STUART in The Independent 30 November 2006
STUART in The Sunday Times 24 December 2006
STUART in New York Times 18 December 2006
Art museums and galleries in London
Contemporary art galleries in London
Art museums established in 1985
Private collections in the United Kingdom
Biographical museums in London
Museums in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea
1985 establishments in England
Saatchi family |
Hristo Gospodinov (; born 18 January 1979 in Sofia) is a Bulgarian retired football midfielder and currently a manager of Ludogorets Razgrad U17.
Career
Playing career
He has previously played for Yantra Gabrovo, Slavia Sofia, Belasitsa Petrich, Minyor Pernik, Vidima-Rakovski Sevlievo, Etar 1924 and Lyubimets 2007.
Manager career
On 10 August 2017 he took over at Ludogorets Razgrad U17 after previously being a head coach of Levski-Rakovski U17.
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Bulgarian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
PFC Vidima-Rakovski Sevlievo players
OFC Belasitsa Petrich players
PFC Slavia Sofia players
FC Minyor Pernik players
FC Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo players
FC Lyubimets players
FC Vitosha Bistritsa players |
Blye () is a commune in the Jura department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Jura department
References
Communes of Jura (department) |
In eight-dimensional geometry, a pentellated 8-simplex is a convex uniform 8-polytope with 5th order truncations of the regular 8-simplex.
There are two unique pentellations of the 8-simplex. Including truncations, cantellations, runcinations, and sterications, there are 32 more pentellations. These polytopes are a part of a family 135 uniform 8-polytopes with A8 symmetry. A8, [37] has order 9 factorial symmetry, or 362880. The bipentalled form is symmetrically ringed, doubling the symmetry order to 725760, and is represented the double-bracketed group [[37]]. The A8 Coxeter plane projection shows order [9] symmetry for the pentellated 8-simplex, while the bipentellated 8-simple is doubled to [18] symmetry.
Pentellated 8-simplex
Coordinates
The Cartesian coordinates of the vertices of the pentellated 8-simplex can be most simply positioned in 9-space as permutations of (0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,2). This construction is based on facets of the pentellated 9-orthoplex.
Images
Bipentellated 8-simplex
Coordinates
The Cartesian coordinates of the vertices of the bipentellated 8-simplex can be most simply positioned in 9-space as permutations of (0,0,1,1,1,1,1,2,2). This construction is based on facets of the bipentellated 9-orthoplex.
Images
Related polytopes
This polytope is one of 135 uniform 8-polytopes with A8 symmetry.
Notes
References
H.S.M. Coxeter:
H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular Polytopes, 3rd Edition, Dover New York, 1973
Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter, edited by F. Arthur Sherk, Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivic Weiss, Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1995,
(Paper 22) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi Regular Polytopes I, [Math. Zeit. 46 (1940) 380-407, MR 2,10]
(Paper 23) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes II, [Math. Zeit. 188 (1985) 559-591]
(Paper 24) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi-Regular Polytopes III, [Math. Zeit. 200 (1988) 3-45]
Norman Johnson Uniform Polytopes, Manuscript (1991)
N.W. Johnson: The Theory of Uniform Polytopes and Honeycombs, Ph.D.
x3o3o3o3o3x3o3o, o3x3o3o3o3o3x3o
External links
Polytopes of Various Dimensions
Multi-dimensional Glossary
8-polytopes |
Kailee Nicole Moore (born July 15, 1998), professionally known as Kailee Morgue, is an American singer-songwriter.
Career
Kailee first began posting on her YouTube channel in late 2015, and started with covers of songs. Her most popular cover being "Spirit Desire" by Tigers Jaw. In January 2017, Morgue tweeted a preview of "Medusa" that went viral. Later that year, Morgue signed a deal with Republic Records. A music video for "Medusa" was released in October 2017. She worked with producer CJ Baran to develop a final version of the song. Morgue performed at her first music festival, Outside Lands Music and Arts Festival in August 2018. In 2018, Morgue released the single "Siren" continuing the Greek mythology theme to her songs such as "Medusa."
Artistry
Highsnobiety described Morgue as a mix of goth and punk. She cites Gwen Stefani and Avril Lavigne as early influences. Atwood Magazine described Morgue's singing as a mixture of light and dark "like a dream within a nightmare, or vice versa."
Reception
Sydney Gore of MTV called Morgue an "emerging pop star" after the release of her EP, Medusa.
Discography
Albums
Girl Next Door (2022)
Extended plays
Medusa (2018)
Here in Your Bedroom (2020)
Other recordings
"Unfortunate Soul"
"Ghost of Mine"
"F**K U"
"Discovery"
"Intuition"
Singles
"June"
"Signs"
"Medusa" (2018)
"Do You Feel This Way"
"Siren" (2018)
“Black Sheep” (2019)
"Headcase" featuring Hayley Kiyoko (2019)
"Knew You" (2020)
"Butterflies" (2021)
"Another Day In Paradise" (2022)
"Loser" (2022)
"Trainwreck" (2022)
Personal life
Morgue is based in Los Angeles. She is openly queer and pansexual. She practiced witchcraft for seven years but in August 2023, denounced witchcraft and announced that she was a born again Christian. Her favorite fictional character is Sailor Moon.
References
External links
Living people
Musicians from Phoenix, Arizona
21st-century American singer-songwriters
American women singer-songwriters
American women pop singers
Republic Records artists
21st-century American women singers
1998 births
American LGBT singers
Queer women
Queer musicians
LGBT people from Arizona
Pansexual musicians
Singer-songwriters from Arizona
21st-century American LGBT people |
A local post is a mail service that operates only within a limited geographical area, typically a city or a single transportation route. Historically, some local posts have been operated by governments, while others, known as private local posts have been for-profit companies. Today, many stamp collectors operate hobbyists' local posts, issuing their own postal stamps known as "locals" or "cinderellas" for other collectors but rarely carrying any mail.
Official local posts
Government local posts go back to at least 1680, when the Penny Post was established in London to handle intra-city mail delivery at a uniform rate of one penny.
From 1840 onwards, when postage stamps were first introduced, special stamps were often issued; for instance the cantons of Switzerland issued stamps for use within a canton, and inscribed them "Poste-Local" or "Orts-Post". The Russian province of Wenden issued stamps for a local post from 1862 to 1901, while Nicaragua issued stamps for Zelaya only, due to its use of a different currency.
In rural Russia Zemstvo Post handled local mail independently of the central government; some of these lasted until the 1917 revolution.
Private local posts
Many countries have had private local posts at one time or another. Usually these operated with the acquiescence of the government, and at other time in competition. Types of local posts included intra-city systems, transcontinental delivery (such as the Pony Express), and riverboat routes. Many of these existed for only short periods, and little is known of their operations. Some of their stamps are among the great rarities of philately.
In 1865 the local post distribution company Liannos et Cie was established in Constantinople to distribute mail arriving in the city which was not addressed in Arabic as the staff of the Ottoman Postal Service were unable to read the Latin alphabet. The stamps were printed by Perkins Bacon from plates that are now held in the museum of the Royal Philatelic Society London. In 1866 a second service was set up on behalf of the Egyptian post office operating in the city to solve the same problem. Both services were short lived.
In 1895, W. Frese & Co. of San Francisco, acting as an agent of the Oceanic Phosphate Company, issued a series of postage stamps for mail carried between California at the company's guano mining operations on Clipperton Island, which ended in 1898.
In 2012, Penny Farthing Post in Bude, Cornwall, England, operated a mail service for Bude, Stratton, and Poughill delivering post on a penny farthing bicycle for 25 pence. Graham Eccles printed his own stamps and set up the service in response to the Royal Mail raising postage stamp prices to 60 pence. Closed June 2012, due to excessive volumes of post.
In 2013, Welly Post was established as a private carrier of local mail by EJ Teare Newsagents in Wellington, Somerset, England. Local delivery was limited to the village of Wellington and miles outside the village. The service was established after customers complained about the high price of postage.
Private local posts of the United States
Private local posts typically issue their own stamps, which can become collectors' items. These stamps are typically cancelled with special cancellations, and their first day of issue can be thus commemorated.
American Letter Mail Company
In 1844, Lysander Spooner founded the American Letter Mail Company, competing with the legal monopoly of the United States Post Office (USPO), now the United States Postal Service (USPS), in violation of the Private Express Statutes. It succeeded in delivering mail for lower prices, but the U.S. government challenged Spooner with legal measures, eventually forcing him to cease operations in 1851.
Hawai'i Post
From the late 1990s to 2014, the Honolulu-based messenger service Hawai'i Post printed stamps for use with its local delivery service for Waikiki.
Independent Postal System of America
In 1968, Thomas M. Murray (1927–2003) founded the Independent Postal System of America (IPSA) as a nationwide commercial carrier of Third and Fourth Class Mail, in direct competition with the United States Post Office (USPO), now the United States Postal Service (USPS). But in 1971, when the company entered the First Class delivery business, they endured a number of lawsuits brought against them, which finally led to the company's collapse in the mid-1970s. The company issued a number of stamps during the years of its operation, including commemoratives for Lyndon B. Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr. and Charles Lindbergh before the USPS did.
Rattlesnake Island
Rattlesnake Island is an island located on Lake Erie near Put-In-Bay, northeast of Port Clinton, Ohio, and had the only USPS-sanctioned local post operating in the United States. For many years, service was provided by way of a Ford Trimotor which shuttled mail between the island and the mainland. From 1966 to 1989, USPS mail was routed by way of Port Clinton, Ohio. It was restarted in 2005 and ran till 2010 by the founder Dr. James Frackelton until passed away 11-30-2012. Outgoing mail from the island entered the USPS mail stream by way of Sandusky, Ohio. The RILP lay dormant until life long Port Clinton resident, Dave Gill relaunched the local post with the first new issue on 11-10-2022 of Commercial Vessels servicing the Lake Erie Islands. The next issue "Battle of Lake Erie" is scheduled for 9-10-2023, the 210 year anniversary of the battle. Griffing Flying Services has the RILP contract and is back in Port Clinton, Ohio at the same location as the 1966-1989 local post mail was serviced by.
Hobbyists' local posts
Today's local posters issue their local post "stamps", and issue a variety of commemorative "stamps" covering a wide range of events or personal interests, of subjects that are not normally issued by their own countries' postal services.
In some cases these modern-day local posts have issued stamp subjects before their own country issued the same subject. The Free State Local Post issued an Audie Murphy stamp long before the US Postal Service issued one of the same subject. The Ascension AAF Local Post, located on the island of Ascension in the South Atlantic Ocean, in 1972 commemorated the anniversary of the first aircraft to land at Ascension Island. This same subject was commemorated by the Ascension Island postal system in 1982.
This sort of local post is effectively a "home-brewed" postal system, and the typical hobbyist carries little, if any, mail (though some do carry mail over a short distance for themselves or a few people).
The Local Post Collectors' Society established in 1972, coordinates communication among local posters. The LPCS issues a regular bulletin The Poster to its members around the world, relating stories of local posts, showing new issues and other related items.
References
Further reading
Stanley Gibbons Priced Catalogue of The Local Postage Stamps of the World. London: Stanley Gibbons, 1899.
L.N. & M. Williams. Priced Catalogue of Local Postage Stamps with Erik F. Hurt, 1942. Supplement 1948.
External links
Local Post Collectors Society
Local Posts of the World
L is for Local
Scout Local Posts
Postal systems
Philatelic terminology
Localism (politics)
Cinderella stamps |
William Henry Ludlow House is a historic home located at Claverack in Columbia County, New York, next to the Ludlow-Van Rensselaer House. It was built in 1786 and is a Georgian-style residence. It is a -story, five-bay center-entrance, brick dwelling. The south facade features a finely crafted Palladian window. Also on the property are four large stone gate posts and an original mile marker. There are 10 fireplaces. Outbuildings include the original summer kitchen, root cellar, ice house and a new carriage house. The house underwent a historically correct restoration in 2011.
William Henry Ludlow (1740-1803) was a New York merchant who came to Claverack to escape the British occupation of the city during the Revolution. As a prominent Federalist, William Ludlow entertained Supreme Court Justice John Jay in the house in the spring of 1789. The Ludlow House was a precursor to what became known as the Federal style of American architecture. He is buried in The Claverack Dutch Reformed Churchyard. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
The property was previously owned by Academy Award-winning film producer Peter Spears and his husband,
Brian Swardstrom; they purchased the home in 2009 and sold it in 2012. It remains a private residence.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, New York
References
Houses completed in 1786
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Georgian architecture in New York (state)
Houses in Columbia County, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Columbia County, New York |
LTG David Dale Halverson (born August 13, 1957) assumed the duties of the commanding general of the U.S. Army Installation Management Command and Assistant Chief of Staff for Installation Management April 8, 2014. Previously, he served as deputy commanding general/chief of staff, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command TRADOC. Halverson assumed duties as the Deputy Commanding General/Chief of Staff, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command on 4 June 2012.
Education
Born in Minnesota and raised in Babbitt, Minnesota, Halverson graduated from the United States Military Academy and was commissioned a Second Lieutenant in the Field Artillery in June 1979. He attended the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, where he was awarded a Master of Science degree in Operations Research and Systems Analysis in 1989 with a thesis entitled Enlistment Motivators for High Quality Recruits in the Army Reserve. He is a graduate of the Armed Forces Staff College, Army War College and the British Higher Command and Staff Course.
Military career
Halverson's first duty assignment was in the 1st Cavalry Division, Fort Hood, Texas in 1979 where he served as a Battalion Reconnaissance Officer, Battery Fire Direction and Executive Officer and Battalion Adjutant. Since then, Halverson has served in various staff and leadership positions including command at every level from Battery to Post Command. His commands include A Battery, 6th Battalion, 29th Field Artillery, 8th Infantry Division; 2nd Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery, 1st Cavalry Division; 2nd Infantry Division Artillery, Operational Test Command, and Commanding General, Fires Center of Excellence and Fort Sill.
Halverson retired from active duty on June 30, 2016.
Personal life
Halverson is a die-hard Minnesota sports fan, well known for his love of the Minnesota Vikings, Minnesota Twins and the Wild.
Promotions
Awards and decorations
Badges
Medals and ribbons
References
External links
Official U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command Website
Lieutenant General David D. Halverson
1957 births
Living people
People from St. Louis County, Minnesota
United States Military Academy alumni
Military personnel from Minnesota
Naval Postgraduate School alumni
Joint Forces Staff College alumni
United States Army War College alumni
Graduates of Joint Services Command and Staff College
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Army generals
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army) |
Enez District is a district of the Edirne Province of Turkey. Its seat is the town of Enez. Its area is 455 km2, and its population is 10,488 (2022).
Composition
There is one municipalities in Enez District:
Enez
There are 19 villages in Enez District:
Abdurrahim
Büyükevren
Çandır
Çavuşköy
Çeribaşı
Gülçavuş
Hasköy
Hisarlı
Işıklı
Karaincirli
Kocaali
Küçükevren
Şehitler
Sultaniça
Sütçüler
Umurbey
Vakıf
Yazır
Yenice
References
Districts of Edirne Province |
Daniel O'Hare, often Danny O'Hare, (born 1942), is an Irish academic and former university leader, best known as the founding leader and first president of Dublin City University, one of two new universities established in Ireland in September 1989. He has also held a wide range of public governance positions, and is an elected Member of the Royal Irish Academy in the Science division. Coming from Dundalk, he is a chemist, specialized in advanced spectroscopy.
Life
Early life
O'Hare was born in County Louth, growing up in Dundalk, where he attended the local Christian Brothers School until 1960.
Academic career
O'Hare graduated from University College Galway (UCG), now NUI Galway, where he qualified with a BSc in Chemistry, and then an MSc in Organic Chemistry. He took a post as an assistant at UCG from 1964 to 1965. He later studied for a Ph.D. at the University of St Andrews in Scotland, working with gas-phase ultraviolet spectroscopy, and qualifying in 1968.
O'Hare took up an assistant professorship at Michigan State University, before moving to the University of Southampton as a research fellow for a year.
RTC Letterkenny, RTC Waterford
O'Hare was appointed in 1971 as the first principal of Regional Technical College, Letterkenny, now Letterkenny Institute of Technology, serving until 1974, before becoming the second head of Regional Technical College, Waterford, now Waterford Institute of Technology.
NIHE Dublin and DCU President
O'Hare took up a role as the director of the to-be National Institute of Higher Education Dublin in 1977, working from a city centre office, while plans, and a campus, for the new institution were worked on. He oversaw the NIHE until 1989, when he led its conversion to university status, on the same day as the University of Limerick. He and his team secured funding from both international and national sources, including philanthropists such as Chuck Feeney. The NIHE and DCU focused on blending the needs of academia and industry, including a cooperative education system, INTRA.
O'Hare announced in November 1998 that he would step down in September 1999.
Consultant roles
O'Hare has been a consultant to the World Bank and the OECD.
Other roles
O'Hare has chaired the Conference of Heads of Irish Universities and the national coordinating body for distance education of adults, an area in which DCU specialised. During his time at DCU, he was also asked to chair a local project coordination body, Dublin City Council's Ballymun Regeneration Ltd., overseeing the more than a billion euro investment in renewing much of the residential provision for the area, as well as provision of new civic facilities, and, from 1994, the Board of nearby Beaumont Hospital. In 1996, he was appointed by the government as the founding chairperson of the Food Safety Authority of Ireland, overseeing staffing, establishment of its legislative basis and mission definition. He also led Ireland's Expert Group on Future Skills Needs and Task Force on the Physical Sciences, and the Information Society Commission. After his time at DCU, O'Hare also chaired the governing body of the Milltown Institute of Theology and Philosophy and the Dublin Airport Stakeholders Forum.
He has been a member of the Medical Council of Ireland, from 2008-2013, and 2013-2018, where he chaired the Fitness to Practice Committee and was a member of several other committees. He also sat on the boards of the Edmund Rice Schools Trust, the Daughters of Charity, Digitary, Music Generation, Media Lab Europe, and Calor Gas.
Exploration Station
O'Hare promoted, and is chair of the board of, the interactive National Children's Science Centre project, also known as Exploration Station, which planned to open its new educational facility in 2020.
Memberships and recognition
O'Hare is a Member of the Royal Irish Academy, elected in the Science division in 1999.
He holds honorary doctorates from the University of Dublin (1992), University of Ulster (1994), Queen's University, Belfast (1995), the National University of Ireland (1999), and DCU (2008).
Personal life
O'Hare is married to Sheelagh (née Kenny) from Galway, and they have four children, Michael, Nicholas, Domhnall and Fiona.
See also
Ed Walsh, founding president of the other NIHE, which also became a university in September 1989
References
External links
Presidents of Dublin City University
Alumni of the University of Galway
Alumni of the University of St Andrews
People from Dundalk
1942 births
Living people
Members of the Royal Irish Academy
Academics of Waterford Institute of Technology
People educated at Coláiste Rís
Scientists from County Louth
20th-century Irish chemists
21st-century Irish chemists |
The LaHave River is a river in Nova Scotia, Canada, running from its source in Annapolis County to the Atlantic Ocean. Along its way, it splits the communities of LaHave and Riverport and runs along the Fairhaven Peninsula and bisects the town of Bridgewater flowing into the LaHave River estuary. Tides affect water levels for about 20 km up the river. There are a number of tourist attractions along the river, and it is also well-used for recreational sailing. As well as two bridges at Bridgewater, the river can be crossed by a cable ferry at the Community of LaHave.
The river and various spots in the area were named after Cap de la Hève, in France, by Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Monts in 1604. The name was later anglicized to LaHave.
History
The Mi'kmaq name for the LaHave River is Pijinuiskaq, meaning "river of long joints" in the Mi'kmaq language. The Mi'kmaq, as the original inhabitants of the area, frequently travelled along the river using birch bark canoes and had several seasonal settlements along its banks. Artifacts indicating Mi'kmaq settlement have been found along the river dating back thousands of years. The Mi'kmaq continued to use the river as a waterway for several years after European settlement along its banks, although their historic ways of life were being made increasingly difficult to sustain.
During the American Revolution, on March 18, 1780, the Lunenburg militia secured the American prisoners taken from the Kitty on the LaHave River. They took the vessel back to Lunenburg and sold it. A month later, on 15 April 1780, the Lunenburg militia (35 men) and the British brigantine John and Rachael captured an American Privateer prize, also named Sally, off LaHave River, Nova Scotia. During the seizure, the privateers killed the head of the Militia (McDonald) and wounded two of the crew members of the John and Rachael.
On 1 September 1780, The Brig Observer under the command of John Crymes ran two small American privateer schooners - Dolphin and Dispatch - into the shore at LaHave. The crew of both vessels escaped through the woods.
The river later became a major lumbering and shipbuilding centre. The many large vessels constructed along the river include the famous clipper ship Stag. The river has since become a popular area for salmon fishing, attracting fisherman from mid-May to early July. According to estimates by the Province of Nova Scotia, there are 21,907 people resident within the LaHave watershed in 2011.
In 2017, biologists reported that the salmon fishery was being threatened because chain pickerel, an invasive species, were eating the salmon smolts.
In 2017, government funding totalling $12 million was allocated to improving the quality of the river water by improving the processing of sewage which was being piped into the river. However, in 2018, a broken sewage pipe in Bridgewater led to further contamination of the river.
Gallery
See also
List of rivers of Nova Scotia
References
External links
History of Bridgewater, NS
History of Riverport, NS
"LaHve River Estuary" The Canadian Encyclopedia
The Columbia Gazetteer of North America
Rivers of Nova Scotia |
The 1935 Marquette Golden Avalanche football team was an American football team that represented Marquette University as an independent during the 1935 college football season. In its 14th season under head coach Frank Murray, the team compiled a 7–1 record and outscored its opponents by a total of 173 to 65. Its victories including major college opponents, Wisconsin, Ole Miss, and Michigan State, and its sole loss was to Temple. The team played its home games at Marquette Stadium in Milwaukee.
Schedule
References
Marquette
Marquette Golden Avalanche football seasons
Marquette Golden Avalanche football |
National Anthem of Nowhere is the second album by Canadian indie rock band Apostle of Hustle. It was released in Canada on February 6, 2007.
Andrew Whiteman, the band's frontman and lead guitarist of Broken Social Scene, admires world music, and influences upon this album have included Cuban-style guitars and Spanish lyrics.
"There is a specific story to the album, to me," Whiteman says. "There's a specific geography, which is under the rubric of the dockside. And there is a story. I wouldn't want to tell anyone the story, in case they've written their own. But it involves the supernatural, and various revolutionary statements."
In January 2007, the band launched a contest inviting fans to cover or remix the first track, "My Sword Hand's Anger".
"My Sword Hand's Anger" reached No. 1 on CBC Radio 3's R3-30 chart the week of March 8, 2007.
Track listing
"My Sword Hand's Anger" – 3:13
"National Anthem of Nowhere" – 5:11
"The Naked & Alone" – 4:36
"Haul Away" – 3:28
"Cheap Like Sebastien" – 3:37
"¡Rafaga!" – 3:57
"Chances Are" – 3:27
"A Rent Boy Goes Down" – 4:07
"Fast Pony for Victor Jara" – 3:25
"Justine, Beckoning" – 4:55
"Jimmy Scott Is the Answer" – 4:02
"NoNoNo" – 3:18
References
2007 albums
Apostle of Hustle albums
Arts & Crafts Productions albums |
Diana Vico was an 18th-century Italian contralto who had an active performance career in Europe from 1707 through 1732. Performing primarily in operas, she sang in opera houses in Italy, Germany, and England. She specialized in portraying male characters on stage, and appeared in the world premieres of operas by prominent composers of the Baroque period, including works by Antonio Vivaldi and George Frideric Handel among others.
Life and career
Born in Venice sometime in the latter part of the 17th century, the years of Diana Vico's birth and death are not known. She began performing professionally as an opera singer in Venice in 1707; making her debut in Girolamo Polani’s Vindice la pazzia della vendetta. She performed in operas periodically in her native city for the next 19 years, and by 1726 had performed 26 roles on the Venetian opera stage in works by such composers as Francesco Gasparini, Antonio Lotti, Giuseppe Maria Orlandini, Carlo Francesco Pollarolo, Antonio Pollarolo, and Giovanni Porta. Her final opera performance in Venice was in Nicola Porpora’s Meride e Selinunte.
Other Italian cities in which Vico appeared in operas included Verona(1708), Ferrara (1711), Padua (1712 and 1718), Mantua (1714), Bologna (1718 and 1721), Genoa (1718 and 1724), Florence (1718–19), Turin (1719), Reggio nell’Emilia (1718–20), Modena (1720) and Milan (1720, 1722, 1726, 1729 and 1732). She notably created the title role of Ottone in the world premiere of Antonio Vivaldi’s Ottone in villa at the Teatro delle Grazie in Vicenza on 17 May 1713. From 1724 through 1726, she was primarily active as an opera singer in Naples; appearing in nine operas.
Outside of Italy, Vico was a resident artist of the King's Theatre in London from 1714 to 1716. She made her debut there in the pastiche Ernelinda. She had success in several operas by George Frideric Handel, including portraying the title role in a revival of Rinaldo (1714) and creating the role of Dardano in the world premiere of Amadigi di Gaula (1715). Her penchant for crossing and challenging gender lines both on and off stage, led the London impresario Owen Swiny to dismiss her as "some He-she-thing or other". She was engaged by Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria for performances at the Bavarian court in 1720, and returned frequently to Munich over the next decade.
After performances in Milan in 1732, there is no further known record of her activities and whereabouts.
References
17th-century births
18th-century deaths
Italian opera singers
Operatic contraltos |
Headline Publishing Group is a British publishing brand and former company. It was founded in 1986 by Tim Hely Hutchinson. In 1993, Headline bought Hodder & Stoughton and the company became Hodder Headline Ltd. In 1999, Hodder Headline was acquired by WH Smith. It was acquired by Hachette Livre, from the WHSmith Group PLC, in 2005.
References
External links
.
Publishing companies of the United Kingdom
Publishing companies of England
Publishing companies based in London
British companies established in 1986
Publishing companies established in 1986
1986 establishments in England
Lagardère Media |
Orthodera ministralis, common name garden mantis or Australian green mantis, is a species of praying mantis from Australia.
Description
They have a green body with their thorax being broader than their head and abdomen. Inside of their front legs have a blue to purple spot. Adult males feature wings and females only have wing buds, which cover their abdomen. Body measures up to 4 cm in length.
Habitat
The garden mantis inhabits the whole of Australia, particularly gardens, and can often be found hidden in leafy scrub from ground to eye level. It feeds on small insects by ambushing them. They remain motionless for lengthy periods so they can ambush prey as it moves near them. The females lay eggs as a single mass within a sturdy, woody case.
See also
List of mantis genera and species
References
Mantidae
Mantodea of Oceania
Insects of Australia
Insects described in 1775
Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius |
Frank Kellogg Allan (May 9, 1935 - May 24, 2019) was the eighth bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta from 1989 till 2000.
Background
Allan was born in Hammond, Indiana. He graduated from Emory University in 1956, and in 1959 he received his Master of Divinity from the University of the South in Sewanee, Tennessee.
He was ordained as deacon and later as priest by Bishop Randolph R. Claiborne Jr. in 1959, and served at St. Mark's Episcopal Church in Dalton, Georgia, for eight years. In 1967 Allan became rector of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Macon, Georgia, where he served until 1977. Allan's time at St. Paul's coincided with rising political consciousness: he once delivered a sermon on women's rights that was interrupted and denounced by a woman in the congregation for its progressive stand; he later said that from that time on he never began a sermon without expecting to be interrupted. From St. Paul's, Allan went to St. Anne's Episcopal Church in Atlanta.
In 1987 Bishop C. Judson Child consecrated Allan as Bishop Coadjutor for the Diocese of Atlanta. When Bishop Child retired, Bishop Allan became Bishop of Atlanta per the Constitution and Canons of the Episcopal Church (1989). He was consecrated as Coadjutor Bishop on February 7, 1987, and became diocesan bishop on January 1, 1989.
After retiring, Bishop Allan taught at the Candler School of Theology at Emory University. He also began a ministry called the Work of Our Hands to provide arts and crafts to under-served communities. Bishop Allan is remembered for his supportive role in the ordination of women in the diocese.
Consecrators
Edmond Lee Browning, 24th Presiding Bishop
Charles Judson Child, Jr., 7th Bishop of Atlanta
William Evan Sanders, 1st Bishop of East Tennessee
Bennett Jones Sims, 6th Bishop of Atlanta
Frank K. Allan was the 818th bishop consecrated in the Episcopal Church.
See also
Episcopal Diocese of Atlanta
List of Bishop Succession in the Episcopal Church
References
Atlanta Diocese Centennial History page on Bishop Allan.
The Episcopal Church Annual. Morehouse Publishing: New York, NY (2005).
1935 births
2019 deaths
People from Hammond, Indiana
Episcopal bishops of Atlanta
Emory University alumni
Sewanee: The University of the South alumni
People from Dalton, Georgia
People from Macon, Georgia
20th-century American Episcopalians |
Palaeophis ('ancient snake') is an extinct genus of marine snake that is the type genus of the extinct snake family Palaeophiidae.
Described species within this genus lived in the Eocene epoch, with some unnamed or questionable records from Cenomanian and Maastrichtian. Fossils of species within this genus have been found in England, France, Denmark, Morocco and Mali. Remains have also been found in North America, including Maryland and Virginia (from the early Eocene Nanjemoy Formation), Georgia and Mississippi.
Description
These species varied broadly in size; Palaeophis casei is the smallest at 1.3 metres of length, while the largest species, Palaeophis colossaeus, is estimated to have been long based on isolated vertebrae, making it one of the largest known snakes. However, most species of the genus were not as big. There are many species of Palaeophis but it can be separated into two assemblages of species or grades. In which the primitive grade include species whose vertebrae are weakly laterally compressed and have less developed and low process of vertebrae. Subsequently the advanced grade are characterized by vertebrae presenting a strong lateral compression which translate to being much better adaption to aquatic life.
Biology
Species of Palaeophis were specialised aquatic animals, as their fossils occur primarily in marine strata, though at least some estuarine remains have also been found. Different species are thought to have occupied different ecological niches.
Studies on Palaeophis vertebrae show a high degree of vascularisation, suggesting that it had a considerably faster metabolism and growth rate than modern snakes. This may suggest that palaeophiids, like other marine reptiles such as mosasaurs, might have developed towards endothermy.
References
Eocene snakes
Paleocene reptiles of Europe
Paleogene reptiles of Africa
Eocene reptiles of Europe
Taxa named by Richard Owen
Fossil taxa described in 1841
Fossils of Denmark
Fur Formation
Fossils of Mali |
Robert Ogden Doremus (11 January 1824 – 22 March 1906) was a United States chemist and physician.
Biography
Doremus was the son of philanthropist Sarah Platt Doremus and her merchant husband Thomas. He studied at Columbia, and graduated from New York University in 1842. Here he came under the influence of John W. Draper, and in 1843 became his assistant in the medical department of the University. This office he held for seven years, and aided Draper in many of his famous researches on light and heat. In 1847 Doremus went to Europe, continuing his chemical studies in Paris with special reference to electrometallurgy, also visiting the establishments where chemical products were manufactured.
On his return to New York, in 1848, he established with Charles T. Harris a laboratory on Broadway for the purpose of giving instruction in analytical chemistry, and for making commercial analyses. He was elected professor of chemistry in the New York College of Pharmacy in 1849, and delivered the first lectures in his own laboratory. Meanwhile, he studied medicine with Abraham S. Cox, and received his degree from the medical department of the University in 1850.
He was one of the founders of the New York Medical College in 1850, and at his own expense arranged and equipped the first laboratory in the United States for instructing medical students in analytical chemistry, requiring all the candidates for graduation to pass this examination.
In 1851 he was elected professor of natural history in the Free Academy of the City of New York (later renamed the City College of New York) where he remained as a professor until 1902.
In 1859 he was associated with others in establishing the Long Island College Hospital, where he lectured for several years. He was appointed professor of chemistry and toxicology in Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, in 1861.
A year later he went to Paris, where he spent two years in developing the use of compressed granulated gunpowder in firearms. The cartridges patented by him require no serge envelopes as are ordinarily used in muzzle loading cannon, and hence no sponging of the gun after firing is necessary. Doremus was authorized by the French minister of war to modify the machinery in the Bouchet pouderie so that gunpowder of the American character could be produced. Subsequently, an exhibition of the firing of compressed granulated powder in cannon and small arms was made in Vincennes, before Napoleon III and many of his generals. This system was adopted by the French government, and a large portion of the Mont Cenis Tunnel was blasted with "la poudre comprimée."
While in Paris, he was invited to fill the chair of chemistry and physics in the College of the City of New York. His lectures on toxicology at Bellevue Hospital Medical College resulted in his being called upon by coroners and district attorneys to examine poison cases, and he introduced radical changes in the system of medical jurisprudence. He established a special toxicological laboratory, with a dissecting room attached, kept under lock and key, using only reagents of known purity, and purchasing new glass and porcelain vessels for each case. Doremus further insisted that the expert should have ample time for his researches, and that he should be properly remunerated for his services.
His course led to more thorough scientific investigation than was formerly common in poison examinations. In the case of James Stephens, convicted of poisoning his wife, Doremus analyzed not only the entire body of Mrs. Stephens, but another human body, to test the question of "normal arsenic." He was the expert in the celebrated Burdell murder case (1857), and examined the blood-stains found in Dr. Burdell's room. In another case he proved the presence of strychnine in a body that had been buried for four months.
In 1865 the "Atlanta" arrived at quarantine, and during her voyage from Liverpool sixty of her passengers had died from cholera. A quick method of disinfection was necessary, and Doremus recommended that chlorine in enormous quantities be used. Under his direction, specially prepared vessels for the generation of this powerful gas were introduced between decks, the hatches battened down, and the vapor allowed to accomplish its work of destroying germs. This treatment proved thoroughly successful, and in 1875 the process was again used, with equal success, in the disinfection of hospital wards.
In 1871 he was appointed president of a board for examining the druggists and their clerks in New York city, which in six months examined over 900 persons. He obtained aid from the Board of Health in suppressing the gases emanating from the gas houses, and opposed its action in adopting the "lactometer with the senses" as the sole means of testing the purity of milk.
Doremus was known as a brilliant lecturer on scientific topics, and frequently appeared before New York audiences in that capacity. He has patented methods for extinguishing fires, and also other chemical processes, also introducing into the United States several chemical industries. The New York university has conferred on him the degree of LL.D.
Doremus held for several years the presidency of the New York Philharmonic Society, and has also been president of the New York Medico-Legal Society, of which organization he was chemist for several years. His published writings include only a few addresses, notably that at the unveiling of the Humboldt statue in Central Park, and papers delivered before scientific societies.
Family
Robert Ogden Doremus married Estelle Skidmore Doremus on October 1, 1850. When Robert's work took the family to Paris, his wife Estelle was remembered as "the leader of the American colony in Paris during the most brilliant part of the reign of Napoleon III" in the early 1860s. Estelle and Robert Doremus had four children.
Dr. Charles Avery Doremus, was engaged in the general practice of chemistry. For twenty-two years he served as a faculty member of the College of the City of New York. He died December 2, 1925, of heart disease.
Thomas Cornelius Doremus died of pneumonia on March 25, 1928, at 74 years of age.
Estelle E. Doremus died in August 1937. She was an accomplished musician and member of the Daughters of the American Revolution.
Arthur Lispenard Doremus died on April 24, 1953, at 84 years of age.
Notes
References
Attribution
Further reading
"Biography: Robert Ogden Doremus", The National Cyclopedia of American Biography, New York : James T. White & Co., 1906. Cf. p. 609
External links
1824 births
1906 deaths
American chemists
American pathologists
Physicians from New York City
Scientists from New York (state) |
Melitaea deserticola, the desert fritillary, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Egypt), Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Yemen.
The larvae feed on Linaria aegyptiaca, Plantago media, Anarrhinum fruticosum and Anarrhinum species.
Subspecies
Melitaea deserticola deserticola (North Africa)
Melitaea deserticola macromaculata Belter, 1934 (Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, western Saudi Arabia)
Melitaea deserticola scotti Higgins, 1941 (Yemen, Oman)
References
Butterflies described in 1909
Melitaea |
The Molecular Ancestry Network (MANET) database is a bioinformatics database that maps evolutionary relationships of protein architectures directly onto biological networks. It was originally developed by Hee Shin Kim, Jay E. Mittenthal and Gustavo Caetano-Anolles in the Department of Crop Sciences of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
MANET traces for example the ancestry of individual metabolic enzymes in metabolism with bioinformatic, phylogenetic, and statistical methods. MANET currently links information in the Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database, the metabolic pathways database of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and phylogenetic reconstructions describing the evolution of protein fold architecture at a universal level. The database has been updated to reflect evolution of metabolism at the level of protein fold families. MANET literally "paints" the ancestries of enzymes derived from rooted phylogenetic trees directly onto over one hundred metabolic pathways representations, paying homage to one of the fathers of impressionism. It also provides numerous functionalities that enable searching specific protein folds with defined ancestry values, displaying the distribution of enzymes that are painted, and exploring quantitative details describing individual protein folds. This permits the study of global and local metabolic network architectures, and the extraction of evolutionary patterns at global and local levels.
A statistical analysis of the data in MANET showed for example a patchy distribution of ancestry values assigned to protein folds in each subnetwork, indicating that evolution of metabolism occurred globally by widespread recruitment of enzymes. MANET was used recently to sort out enzymatic recruitment processes in metabolic networks and propose that modern metabolism originated in the purine nucleotide metabolic subnetwork. The database is useful for the study of metabolic evolution.
External links
Molecular Ancestry Network (MANET) database
References
Biological databases |
Mount Greylock State Reservation is public recreation and nature preservation area on and around Mount Greylock, the highest point in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The park covers some in the towns of Lanesborough, North Adams, Adams, Cheshire, Williamstown and New Ashford, Massachusetts. It was created in 1898 as Massachusetts' first public land for the purpose of forest preservation.
History
Mount Greylock State Reservation was created in 1898 when the state legislature passed Chapter 543 of the Acts of 1898, which appropriated $25,000 for land purchases and created the Greylock Reservation Commission as overseer.
The Veterans War Memorial Tower that crowns the summit of the mountain was built 1931-32 and dedicated on June 30, 1933.
Workers with the Civilian Conservation Corps were active in the reservation during the 1930s. Their efforts, undertaken from 1933 to 1939, included construction of the Bascom Lodge, the Thunderbolt Ski Trail, Thunderbolt Shelter, and improved road access to the summit.
A two-year Historic Parkway Rehabilitation Project undertaken during 2008 and 2009 restored the reservation's road system, offering numerous scenic viewing opportunities along the state-designated Scenic Byway.
Activities and amenities
Roads to the summit of Mount Greylock are open seasonally, weather permitting. At the summit, Bascom Lodge offers overnight accommodations and meals during non-winter months. The reservation's of trails for hiking, mountain biking, back-country skiing, snowshoeing and snowmobiling include an section of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail and the historic Thunderbolt Ski Trail. Primitive camping is available for backpackers at either the Mount Greylock Campground or remote trailside backpacker shelters, all of which are only accessible by foot. Hunting is permitted in season.
References
External links
Mount Greylock State Reservation Department of Conservation and Recreation
Mount Greylock State Reservation Map Department of Conservation and Recreation
Hiking Trail Mileages: Mount Greylock State Reservation Department of Conservation and Recreation
State parks of Massachusetts
State parks of the Appalachians
Parks in Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Campgrounds in Massachusetts
Civilian Conservation Corps in Massachusetts
Historic American Landscapes Survey in Massachusetts
Lanesborough, Massachusetts |
Stade Municipal is a multi-use stadium in Sokodé, Togo. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of AC Semassi F.C. and Tchaoudjo Athlétic Club. The stadium holds 10,000 people.
Municipal |
Rafał Sarnecki (born 8 January 1990) is a Polish professional racing cyclist. He rode at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
References
External links
1990 births
Living people
Polish male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Poland
Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Cyclists at the 2019 European Games
European Games competitors for Poland
People from Grudziądz
Sportspeople from Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship |
HBC Celles-sur-Belle is a women's handball team based in Celles-sur-Belle, France that plays in the LFH Féminine Division.
Team
Current squad
Squad for the season 2022-23 - Professional players
Goalkeepers
1 Laura Portes
12 Jessica Sogoyou
16 Justine Hicquebrant (c)
Wingers
LW
13 Hawa Kanté
96 Lisa Calvet
RW
6 Charline Aube-Bubl
7 Lesly Briémant
Line players
9 Laura Dorp
10 Goundouba Guirassy
21 Mirja Lyngsø Jensen
Back players
LB
5 Marjorie Demunck
11 Carolina Loureiro
22 Hanna Åhlén
42 Perrine Petiot
CB
55 Julie Pontoppidan
78 Fanta Diagouraga
RB
8 Dijana Števin
19 Paola Ebanga Baboga
Transfers
Transfers for the 2023–24 season
Joining
Emma Skinnehaugen (LW) (from Larvik HK)
Leaving
Technical staff
Staff for the 2022-23 season.
Head coach: Thierry Vincent
Assistant coach: Maxime Martin
Physical coach: Fabian Renouf
References
External links
Handball clubs established in 1976
Handball clubs in France
1976 establishments in France
Sport in Deux-Sèvres
Women's handball clubs |
The City of Commerce City is a home rule municipality located in Adams County, Colorado, United States. The city population was 62,418 at the 2020 United States Census, a 35.95% increase since the 2010 United States Census. Commerce City is the 18th most populous municipality in Colorado. Commerce City is located north of Denver and is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. Commerce City is a mixed residential and industrial community that is known for an oil refinery with a capacity of , operated by Suncor. Dick's Sporting Goods Park, a soccer stadium in Commerce City, hosts the Colorado Rapids of Major League Soccer.
History
In 1859 after fighting in Bleeding Kansas, John D. "Colonel Jack" Henderson built a ranch, trading post, and hotel on Henderson Island in the South Platte River in Arapahoe County, Kansas Territory north of Denver, from which he sold meat and provisions to gold seekers on their way up the South Platte River Trail to the gold fields during the Pikes Peak Gold Rush. Henderson Island was the first permanent settlement in the South Platte River Valley between Fort Saint Vrain in the Nebraska Territory and the Cherry Creek Diggings in the Kansas Territory. Henderson Island is today the site of the Adams County Regional Park and Fairgrounds.
Among the first establishments in the modern Commerce City were cemeteries. Riverside Cemetery, founded in 1876, is located in the city's southwest corner at East 52nd Avenue and Brighton Boulevard. Rose Hill Cemetery, in the heart of historic Commerce City, was established in 1892 on what at the time was an open plain by the United Hebrew Cemetery Association.
The first school in the area began in 1871 as a one-room schoolhouse, with other schools added in 1899 and later in 1907. This latter school is now part of the North Building at the former site of Adams City High School, now Adams 14 School District Administration Buildings.
Several towns were founded in this part of Adams County in the 19th century. Derby, a Burlington Railroad station in 1887, was laid out as a town in 1889, although it was largely vacated by 1891. Irondale was first settled in 1889, named after a foundry that was opened that year. It was incorporated as the town of Irondale in 1924, but unincorporated in the 1930s due to increasing vacancy. Meanwhile, Adams City was laid out in 1903, with developers hoping the county seat would be established there; however, Brighton was elected county seat in 1904 and Adams City was vacated in 1922.
Until the late 1920s, the area was devoted to agriculture, including wheat fields, dairies, and pig farms. Industry moved in, with a refinery established in 1930 and grain elevators built in the late 1930s. Rocky Mountain Arsenal was founded in 1942 due east of the growing community.
In 1946 and 1947, Adams County School District 14 was formed from surrounding schools, and Adams City was redeveloped about that time. In 1951, as Denver was considering annexing the area, a plan to incorporate all of southern Adams County was developed. In July 1952, area residents voted 251 to 24 to incorporate Commerce Town, comprising neighborhoods such as Rose Hill and southern Adams City. Commerce Town annexed part of Derby in 1962, increasing the population over fourfold, enough for the town to gain the status of a city. The city name was duly changed to Commerce City. In April 2007, the citizens of Commerce City voted more than 2:1 to retain their city's name.
The Mile High Kennel Club, a greyhound racing park founded in 1949, is no longer operational. With the onset of widespread off-track gambling, the physical moving of races around the country to different parks became unnecessary. The City of Commerce City has purchased the land with future development use unknown at this time.
A new Adams City High School has been constructed on land at 72nd and Quebec streets. This was formerly part of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal. The new school campus opened in 2009.
Geography
Commerce City is located at (39.840735, -104.901139).
At the 2020 United States Census, the city had a total area of , including of water.
Climate
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 20,991 people, 6,668 households, and 4,974 families residing in the city. The population density was under the age of 18, 11.5% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.1 males.
The racial makeup of the city was 74.15% White, 3.39% African American, 1.23% Native American, 2.46% Asian, 13.15% from other races, and 5.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race are 46.8% of the population.
The median income for a household in the city was $69,268 and the median wage in the city was $54,340. The labor force was 28,684 with 31,086 jobs residing within the city. About 15.3% of families and 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.
Industry
Over 1,400 companies call Commerce City home, ranging from international and national headquarters to small businesses and entrepreneurs.
Commerce City is home to an oil refinery with a capacity of . Originally, this facility existed as two separately owned refineries, one on each side of Brighton Boulevard.
Suncor Energy bought the west refinery from ConocoPhillips in 2003. A project to upgrade this facility began in August of that year.
Suncor purchased the east refinery from Valero in June 2005 with the eventual goal of combining the two operations. As a result of a lawsuit by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and a number of states (including Colorado) alleging violations of the Clean Air Act, Valero agreed in June 2005 to make pollution-reducing changes to its refineries, including the Commerce City facility. Suncor's purchase agreement included an assumption of all liability from this suit.
The west refinery's upgrade project, named "Project Odyssey," was extended to the east refinery. The west plant was shut down in February 2006 to complete the upgrade, while the east plant continued to refine of oil per day. The completion of the $445 million project was announced in June 2006 and allows Suncor to meet the EPA's mandate to reduce the sulfur content of diesel fuel. It also gives the refinery the ability to process Suncor's Canadian sour crude oil sands. The combined facility is the largest refinery in the Rocky Mountain region.
Education
Adams County school districts 27J and 14 serve Commerce City.
Notable people
Notable individuals who were born in or have lived in Commerce City include:
Ronnie Bradford (born 1970), football defensive back
Dominick Moreno (born 1985), Colorado state legislator
Joe Rogers (1964–2013), former Lieutenant Governor of Colorado
JoAnn Windholz, Colorado state legislator
In popular culture
Denver-based band DeVotchKa recorded a song called "Commerce City Sister".
See also
Colorado
Bibliography of Colorado
Index of Colorado-related articles
Outline of Colorado
List of counties in Colorado
List of municipalities in Colorado
List of places in Colorado
List of statistical areas in Colorado
Front Range Urban Corridor
North Central Colorado Urban Area
Denver-Aurora, CO Combined Statistical Area
Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area
Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge
References
External links
City of Commerce City website
CDOT map of the City of Commerce City
Cities in Colorado
Cities in Adams County, Colorado
Denver metropolitan area
Populated places established in 1952
1952 establishments in Colorado |
May 24 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 26
All fixed commemorations below celebrated on June 7 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.
For May 25th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 12.
Feasts
Third Finding of the Precious Head of Saint John the Baptist (c. 850)
Saints
Martyrs Pasicrates, Valentinian, Julius and others at Dorostolum (302)
Hieromartyr Therapont of Cyprus, bishop (300-305) (see also: May 27)
Hieromartyrs Maximus and Victorinus (384)
Saint Dodo, prince of Georgia, monk of Gareji (596) (see also: May 17, June 2)
Saint Olbian (Albianos), monk.
Pre-Schism Western saints
Hieromartyr Urban, Pope of Rome (230)
Martyr Celestine, in Rome.
Saint Dionysios (Dionysius Mariani, Denis), Bishop of Milan (359)
Saint Zenobius, first Bishop of Florence (390)
Saint Leo of Troyes, monk who succeeded St Romanus as Abbot of Mantenay near Troyes, France (c. 550)
Saints Injuriosus and Scholastica, a married couple in the Auvergne in France who lived in virginity and holiness (c. 550)
Saint Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborne (709)
Saint Dúnchad mac Cinn Fáelad (Dunchadh), the eleventh abbot of Iona (707–717) in Scotland (717)
Hieromartyrs Gerbald, Reginhard, Winebald and Worad, of the monastery of St Bertin in France, all martyred by the Danes (862)
Saint Egilhard, eighth abbot of Cornelimünster near Aachen in Germany, martyred by Vikings at Bercheim (881)
Saint Gennadius of Astorga, Bishop of Astorga, later a hermit (936)
Post-Schism Orthodox saints
Saint Skiota of Georgia (c. 13th century)
Saint Dmitry, Price of Uglich, son of Andrey Vasilyevich (c. 1540)
Saint Thekla of Pereyaslavl, nun, (mother of St. Daniel, Abbot of Pereyaslavl-Zalesski +1540) (16th century)
Saint Innocent, Archbishop of Cherson and Taurica (1857)
Synaxis of the Saints of Volhynia:
Yaropolk, Stephen, Macarius, Igor and Juliana.
New martyrs and confessors
Virgin-Martyr Helen Korobkova (1938)
Hieromartyr Tavrion Tolokontsevo (1939)
Other commemorations
Icon of the Mother of God "the Helper of the sinners" from Koretsk.
Commemoration of the Reunion of 3,000,000 Uniates with the Orthodox Church at Vilnius in 1831 (1831)
Repose of recluse George of Zadonsk (1836)
Finding of the holy icon of Saint Demetrios the Myrrh-gusher, in Ermoupolis on the island of Syros, in the Cyclades, Greece (1936)
Commemoration of Protopresbyter John Labunsky of Nizhyn (1945)
Icon gallery
Notes
References
Sources
May 25/June 7. Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).
June 7/May 25. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
Complete List of Saints. Protection of the Mother of God Church (POMOG).
May 25. OCA - The Lives of the Saints.
Dr. Alexander Roman. May. Calendar of Ukrainian Orthodox Saints (Ukrainian Orthodoxy - Українське Православ'я).
May 25. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
May 25. The Roman Martyrology.
Greek Sources
Great Synaxaristes: 25 ΜΑΪΟΥ. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
Συναξαριστής. 25 Μαΐου. ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).
Russian Sources
7 июня (25 мая). Православная Энциклопедия под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла (электронная версия). (Orthodox Encyclopedia - Pravenc.ru).
25 мая (ст.ст.) 7 июня 2013 (нов. ст.). Русская Православная Церковь Отдел внешних церковных связей. (DECR).
May in the Eastern Orthodox calendar |
Lois Holden Benson is an American politician who represented the 2nd District in the Florida House of Representatives from 1992 to 1994 as well as various city government roles and state appointments.
Pensacola City Council
Benson previously served on Pensacola City Council as the representative for District 1, from 1988 to 1990; she resigned to seek state office. She also previously served in the 2nd district of Escambia County.
Florida House of Representatives
She also served in Florida House of Representatives 2nd from November 3, 1992 – November 8, 1994.
Emerald Coast Utilities Authority
Benson was initially appointed to the ECUA seat by Governor Jeb Bush on November 23, 2004, following the October 31 resignation of George Watson. She currently serves on the Emerald Coast Utilities Authority board member for Escambia County District 2.
Bid for US House/Florida State Senate/Mayor Of Pensacola
She has also run for the Florida State Senate, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the Mayor of Pensacola, the latter of which she lost in 2001 to John Fogg. A priority of her campaign platform at the time was to relocate the Main Street Wastewater Treatment Plant.
In her 1994 bid to replace retiring Congressman Earl Hutto, she faced four other Republicans in the primary and received a plurality (31.4%) of votes. In the resulting runoff, however, her pro-choice views contributed to her defeat (46%-54%) by pro-life newcomer Joe Scarborough, who went on to defeat Democrat Vince Whibbs Jr. in the general election.
Personal life
Lois Holden Benson is the mother of Holly Benson and Megan Benson Pratt. Both her daughters have worked in government, with one of them, Holly Benson, serving in Florida's 3rd house district and the other Megan Benson Pratt has served as Pensacola City Council from at large district.
References
Members of the Florida House of Representatives
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people |
Bayless Quarters, near North Middletown, Kentucky, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The listing included three contributing buildings.
It includes Greek Revival and Federal architecture.
The main structure is a one-story two-bay dry stone quarters. A smokehouse is also included.
References
National Register of Historic Places in Bourbon County, Kentucky
Federal architecture in Kentucky
Greek Revival architecture in Kentucky
Slave cabins and quarters in the United States
Residential buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Kentucky
African-American history of Kentucky |
Chembur is a monorail station and the northern terminus of Line 1 of the Mumbai Monorail serving the Chembur suburb of Mumbai, India. It was opened to the public on 2 February 2014, as part of the first phase of Line 1.
The Chembur monorail station is connected with a skywalk to the Chembur railway station.
References
Mumbai Monorail stations
Railway stations in India opened in 2014 |
Butana Moses Komphela (7 December 1955 – 24 January 2022) was a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly and Free State Provincial Legislature until 2019.
He served as the Chairperson of the Portfolio Committee on Sports, Arts and Culture and after that he held several positions in the Free State Executive Council from 2011 to 2019. He died of COVID-19-related illness in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa.
Early life
Komphela was born on 7 December 1955. He was the elder brother of Steve Komphela, the former coach of Mamelodi Sundowns.
Parliament: 2001–2011
After the end of apartheid in 1994, Komphela represented the ANC in the Free State Provincial Legislature until June 2001, when the ANC announced a reshuffle in which he was transferred to a seat in the National Assembly, the lower house of the South African Parliament. he was sworn in on 3 July 2001 and swopped seats with Seiso Mohai, who filled his place in the provincial legislature. He was elected to a full term in the assembly in the 2004 general election.
Komphela rose to public prominence as the Chairperson of the Portfolio Committee on Sports, Arts and Culture, a position to which he was elected in June 2004. According to journalist Stephen Grootes, he was viewed as a firm supporter of former President Thabo Mbeki, although he was suspected of changing his allegiance after Mbeki's rival, Jacob Zuma, won election as ANC President in 2007. He was re-elected to his seat in the National Assembly in the 2009 general election, but he left Parliament in June 2011 when he was appointed to the Free State Executive Council in a reshuffle by Premier Ace Magashule.
Provincial legislature: 2011–2019
Komphela joined Magashule's provincial government as the Free State's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Police, Roads and Transport; he filled a vacancy that had arisen from Thabo Manyoni's resignation. He served in that position for over five years and, in the middle of that period, he secured re-election to the Free State Provincial Legislature in the 2014 general election; he was ranked fifth on the ANC's provincial party list.
In October 2016, Magashule announced a reshuffle that saw Komphela replace Benny Malakoane as MEC for Health. He retained that portfolio for the rest of Magashule's premiership and into the term of Magashule's successor, Premier Sisi Ntombela. In her first reshuffle in May 2018, Ntombela moved Komphela to a new position as MEC for Social Development.
He did not seek re-election to the Free State Provincial Legislature in the 2019 general election and he therefore dropped out of the Executive Council after the election.
Culpable homicide charge
On 6 January 2019, Komphela was involved in a traffic accident on the road from Theunissen to Bloemfontein. His BMW reportedly veered to the right and crossed barrier lines to collide with a car that was driving in the opposite direction. One of the passengers in the other car died at the scene and Komphela was charged with culpable homicide. He was found guilty on 22 November 2021 and the Brandfort Magistrate's Court sentenced him to three years' imprisonment; the sentence was suspended for five years on the condition that Komphela did not commit a similar offence during the period of suspension.
Death
In December 2021, Komphela was admitted to hospital in Bloemfontein, where he received treatment for COVID-19-related illness, complicated by a pre-existing lung condition. He died in hospital on 24 January 2022.
References
External links
1955 births
2022 deaths
20th-century South African politicians
African National Congress politicians
21st-century South African politicians
Members of the National Assembly of South Africa
Members of the Free State Provincial Legislature
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa |
Yap Soo Huey () is a Malaysian politician. She was a member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly representing the constituency of Pulau Tikus for one term from 2013 to 2018. She is a member of the Democratic Action Party (DAP), a component party of Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition.
Yap graduated from Monash University, Australia, in 2005 with a bachelor's degree in Science, and was awarded Honours. She then commenced a doctoral candidature, studying the HIV virus, before returning to Penang to work for the Chief Minister, Lim Guan Eng, on his science council. She was appointed as Lim's Science, Technology and
Innovation Officer.
In the 2013 election, Yap contested the seat of Pulau Tikus for Lim's DAP. She polled 11,256 votes, defeating her Barisan Nasional opponent with a majority of 8220 votes, as the DAP retained power in Penang.
In the State Assembly, Yap has promoted bicycling as an alternative to automobiles. She has also promoted the one-way traffic system in Pulau Tikus. In 2014, she said that Pulau Tikus needs better public transport.
Yap did not contest to seek a second term for her Pulau Tikus state seat in the 2018 election as to pursue her Master's in Urban and Transport Planning studies in US.
Election results
See also
Pulau Tikus (state constituency)
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Malaysian people of Chinese descent
Democratic Action Party (Malaysia) politicians
Women MLAs in Penang
Members of the Penang State Legislative Assembly
Monash University alumni
21st-century Malaysian politicians
21st-century Malaysian women politicians |
Sotnik or sotnyk (, , ) was a military rank among the Cossack starshyna (military officers), Strelets Troops (17th century) in Muscovy and Imperial Cossack cavalry (since 1826), the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, the Ukrainian Galician Army, and the Ukrainian People's Army.
Administrative rank
Holders of the rank also served as leaders of territorial units. In the Cossacks' paramilitary society of the Zaporozhian Host, Cossack Hetmanate, and Sloboda Ukraine, territories were organized along the lines of military organization and commanded by officers. During the Khmelnytsky Uprising and in the Cossack Hetmanate (17th-18th centuries), sotnyks were leaders of territorial administrative subdivisions called sotnyas. Such sotnyks were subordinated to polkovnyks (colonel) who were in control of a polk (primary administrative division) and a regiment (military unit).
Military ranks
The word sotnik literally means commander of a hundred men in most Slavonic languages, much like how the Latin term Centurion reflected a commander of a similar number of troops in the Roman Empire. In the Russian rank-structure the military role of a sotnik developed into that of a poruchik (), eventually known as "lieutenant" (). Ukrainian military formations retained the rank of sotnyk () well into the 20th century as the equivalent of an army captain.
The rank did not officially change, but rather fell out of use after the Soviet Army and intelligence services suppressed the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in the late 1940s and 1950s.
Some translations render the word sotnik as "Captain", however the "Lieutenant" interpretation also appears in common usage, and for the sake of historical and social clarity the original rank-name is used.
Slovenia
The rank is still used by the Slovenian Armed Forces, and is equal to the rank of captain in other armed forces.
References
External links
Bogdan Khmelnitsky
History of the Cossacks
Military ranks of Ukraine
Military ranks of Russia |
Moturiki Island is a small island located just off Mount Maunganui beach, in the North Island of New Zealand. The island is connected to the beach by a man made land bridge. NIWA maintains a tide meter on Moturiki Island. Moturiki Island offers walking, bird watching, fishing and rock climbing opportunities.
In 1966, Marineland Limited built an aquarium called "Marineland" on the island; this closed in May 1981. Later in 1981, "Marineland" was reconstructed into "Leisure Island", a water park with swimming pools, bumper boats and a hydro slide. The water park operated until 1990, when it was removed from the island.
See also
Desert island
List of islands of New Zealand
References
Uninhabited islands of New Zealand
Climbing areas of New Zealand
Tauranga
Bay of Plenty Region |
Inder Puri is a small colony located in the central part of New Delhi. It lies between Naraina and New Rajinder Nagar area; it is located next to the renowned Pusa Institute.
Access
The Indira Gandhi International Airport is 12 km (domestic) and 16 km (international) from Inderpuri. The New Delhi railway station is 11 km away, and the Hazrat Nizamuddin Railway Station 19 km away. The Blue Line of the Delhi Metro has a stop at the Shadipur station within 3.4 km from Inderpuri. The closest metro station is Pink line metro station at Naraina Vihar within 1 km approximately.
Politics
Inderpuri comes under the jurisdiction of Rajinder Nagar (Delhi Assembly constituency). The current MLA is Mr. Pathak of Aam Aadmi Party.
See also
Neighbourhoods of Delhi
References
Neighbourhoods in Delhi
Central Delhi district
Villages in Central Delhi district |
Thomas Jermyn (1561–1607) was an English politician.
Jermyn was the eldest son of John Jermyn and Mary Tollemache, and the nephew of Sir Robert Jermyn. He was educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. In 1576 he married Sarah Harris, by whom he had one son and two daughters.
He was elected as the Member of Parliament for Sudbury in 1588 and assumed his seat in the 7th Parliament of Elizabeth I in early 1589, likely on the interest of Sir Francis Walsingham. He died in 1607.
References
1677 births
1704 deaths
Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
English MPs 1589
Thomas |
Total Permanent Disability (TPD) is a phrase used in the insurance industry and in law. Generally speaking, it means that because of a sickness or injury, a person is unable to work in their own or any occupation for which they are suited by training, education, or experience. An individual or group of individuals can insure themselves against it through a disability insurance policy, as part of a life insurance package or through worker's compensation insurance.
Definitions of permanent disability
Ballentine's Law Dictionary defines a permanent disability is one that "will remain with a person throughout" his or her lifetime, or he or she will not recover, or "that in all possibility, will continue indefinitely."
Insurance companies often have slightly different definitions of what determines permanent disability. However typical definitions would include:
Loss of two of: Eyes, Arms, or Legs.
Absence from work for six months due to an accident or illness, without expectation of returning to work.
United States
Under no-fault insurance law, New York defines significant injury as including a permanent loss of use.
Australia
Total and Permanent Disablement Insurance is designed to provide a lump sum benefit to the life insured in the event of a medically diagnosed event that renders the claimant unable to work again. TPD Insurance is generally used to cover debts and the ongoing living expenses of an individual to reduce the ongoing financial burden of loss of income.
There are three main types and definitions of TPD Insurance:
Own Occupation TPD - the claimant must be unable to work in their own occupation ever again.
Any Occupation TPD - the claimant must be unable to work in their occupation and also any occupation that they are suited to via education, training or experience ever again.
Non-Occupational TPD - the claimant must be unable to conduct 2 of 5 activities of daily living.
The Own Occupation definition is generally considered to provide the greatest level of protection, with the Non-Occupational TPD requiring the greatest level of disablement before a claim will be considered.
TPD Insurance in Australia can be owned and paid for from superannuation accounts. When TPD Insurance is held in Superannuation, the 'Any Occupation' definition is normally offered as the level of disablement required by Superannuation Law is based on 'Any Occupation.'
TPD Insurance when taken for personal protection is generally not tax deductible and claim payments are not taxable. When TPD Insurance is held in superannuation however a claimant who withdraws the proceeds of their account superannuation account balance, to which a TPD benefit is usually credited to, is taxed.
The maximum level of cover normally available with one insurer in Australia is generally $3 – $5 million with the oldest entry ages varying between 55 - 62.
Risk Assessment of TPD Insurance in Australia
TPD Insurance is normally underwritten on application and factors such as medical history, family history, past times and unusual occupational risk factors can result in a policy being offered on with exclusions or an increased premium. For higher sums insured, additional medical verification including blood tests and reports from doctors is usually required.
Claiming Total and Permanent Disability insurance in Australia
Having a claim for Total and Permanent Disability insurance approved can be a cumbersome process for the insured. In Australia, the vast majority of TPD insurance policies are provide by superannuation funds. These funds offer products that are typically more basic than what can be found in the Retail Insurance space. Generally, TPD provided by super funds will require that you have been off work for a period of at least 6 months before they will consider a claim. After this period of time has been met, the claimant will need to provide evidence that two of their treating medical practitioners have certified that the claimant will be unable to ever return to work in any occupation for which they are suited by way of education, training and experience. The process of determining this involves a number of aspects with many claimants seeking professional advice by way of Financial Advisors and Lawyers.
The Netherlands
This insurance is mainly purchased by self-employed professionals, it is also called 'one person company'. This insurance would cover maximum 80% of the income after the accident. In Dutch, the total permanent disability insurance is called Arbeidsongeschiktheidsverzekering.
Distinctions
TPD differs from income protection insurance in that:
TPD pays out a lump sum of a policy-specified amount, whilst income protection insurance is designed to replace income and pays out a specified percentage of pre-disability income (e.g. 75%) on a regular basis (e.g. monthly)
the insured person must be totally disabled on a permanent basis for the insurer to pay out, rather than just totally or partially unable to work.
References
External links
Insurance law
Types of insurance |
Cavan was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons from 1611 to 1800.
Between 1725 and 1793 Catholics and those married to Catholics could not vote.
Borough
This constituency was the borough of Cavan in County Cavan.
History
It returned two members to the Parliament of Ireland from 1611 to 1800. In the Patriot Parliament of 1689 summoned by King James II, Cavan Borough was represented by two members. The borough was disenfranchised under the terms of the Acts of Union 1800. £15,000 in compensation was divided between Theophilus Clements and Thomas Nesbitt.
Members of Parliament, 1611–1801
Notes
References
Bibliography
Constituencies of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801)
Historic constituencies in County Cavan
1611 establishments in Ireland
1800 disestablishments in Ireland
Constituencies established in 1611
Constituencies disestablished in 1800 |
X-ray bursters are one class of X-ray binary stars exhibiting X-ray bursts, periodic and rapid increases in luminosity (typically a factor of 10 or greater) that peak in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum. These astrophysical systems are composed of an accreting neutron star and a main sequence companion 'donor' star. There are two types of X-ray bursts, designated I and II. Type I bursts are caused by thermonuclear runaway, while type II arise from the release of gravitational (potential) energy liberated through accretion. For type I (thermonuclear) bursts, the mass transferred from the donor star accumulates on the surface of the neutron star until it ignites and fuses in a burst, producing X-rays. The behaviour of X-ray bursters is similar to the behaviour of recurrent novae. In the latter case the compact object is a white dwarf that accretes hydrogen that finally undergoes explosive burning.
The compact object of the broader class of X-ray binaries is either a neutron star or a black hole; however, with the emission of an X-ray burst, the compact object can immediately be classified as a neutron star, since black holes do not have a surface and all of the accreting material disappears past the event horizon. X-ray binaries hosting a neutron star can be further subdivided based on the mass of the donor star; either a high mass (above 10 solar masses ()) or low mass (less than ) X-ray binary, abbreviated as HMXB and LMXB, respectively.
X-ray bursts typically exhibit a sharp rise time (1–10 seconds) followed by spectral softening (a property of cooling black bodies). Individual burst energetics are characterized by an integrated flux of 1032–1033 joules, compared to the steady luminosity which is of the order 1030 W for steady accretion onto a neutron star. As such the ratio α of the burst flux to the persistent flux ranges from 10 to 1000 but is typically on the order of 100. The X-ray bursts emitted from most of these systems recur on timescales ranging from hours to days, although more extended recurrence times are exhibited in some systems, and weak bursts with recurrence times between 5–20 minutes have yet to be explained but are observed in some less usual cases. The abbreviation XRB can refer either to the object (X-ray burster) or to the associated emission (X-ray burst).
Thermonuclear burst astrophysics
When a star in a binary fills its Roche lobe (either due to being very close to its companion or having a relatively large radius), it begins to lose matter, which streams towards its neutron star companion. The star may also undergo mass loss by exceeding its Eddington luminosity, or through strong stellar winds, and some of this material may become gravitationally attracted to the neutron star. In the circumstance of a short orbital period and a massive partner star, both of these processes may contribute to the transfer of material from the companion to the neutron star. In both cases, the falling material originates from the surface layers of the partner star and is thus rich in hydrogen and helium. The matter streams from the donor into the accretor at the intersection of the two Roche lobes, which is also the location of the first Lagrange point, L1. Because of the revolution of the two stars around a common centre of gravity, the material then forms a jet travelling towards the accretor. Because compact stars have high gravitational fields, the material falls with a high velocity and angular momentum towards the neutron star. The angular momentum prevents it from immediately joining the surface of the accreting star. It continues to orbit the accretor in the orbital plane, colliding with other accreting material en route, thereby losing energy, and in so doing forming an accretion disk, which also lies in the orbital plane.
In an X-ray burster, this material accretes onto the surface of the neutron star, where it forms a dense layer. After mere hours of accumulation and gravitational compression, nuclear fusion starts in this matter. This begins as a stable process, the hot CNO cycle. However, continued accretion creates a degenerate shell of matter, in which the temperature rises (greater than 109 kelvin) but this does not alleviate thermodynamic conditions. This causes the triple-α cycle to quickly become favored, resulting in an helium flash. The additional energy provided by this flash allows the CNO burning to break out into thermonuclear runaway. The early phase of the burst is powered by the alpha-p process, which quickly yields to the rp-process. Nucleosynthesis can proceed as high as mass number 100, but was shown to end definitively at isotopes of tellurium that undergo alpha decay such as 107Te. Within seconds, most of the accreted material is burned, powering a bright X-ray flash that is observable with X-ray (or gamma ray) telescopes. Theory suggests that there are several burning regimes which cause variations in the burst, such as ignition condition, energy released, and recurrence, with the regimes caused by the nuclear composition, both of the accreted material and the burst ashes. This is mostly dependent on hydrogen, helium, or carbon content. Carbon ignition may also be the cause of the extremely rare "superbursts".
Observation of bursts
Because an enormous amount of energy is released in a short period of time, much of it is released as high energy photons in accordance with the theory of black-body radiation, in this case X-rays. This release of energy powers the X-ray burst, and may be observed as in increase in the star's luminosity with a space telescope. These bursts cannot be observed on Earth's surface because our atmosphere is opaque to X-rays. Most X-ray bursting stars exhibit recurrent bursts because the bursts are not powerful enough to disrupt the stability or orbit of either star, and the whole process may begin again.
Most X-ray bursters have irregular burst periods, which can be on the order of a few hours to many months, depending on factors such as the masses of the stars, the distance between the two stars, the rate of accretion, and the exact composition of the accreted material. Observationally, the X-ray burst categories exhibit different features. A Type I X-ray burst has a sharp rise followed by a slow and gradual decline of the luminosity profile. A Type II X-ray burst exhibits a quick pulse shape and may have many fast bursts separated by minutes. Most observed X-ray bursts are of Type I, as Type II X-ray bursts have been observed from only two sources.
More finely detailed variations in burst observation have been recorded as the X-ray imaging telescopes improve. Within the familiar burst lightcurve shape, anomalies such as oscillations (called quasi-periodic oscillations) and dips have been observed, with various nuclear and physical explanations being offered, though none yet has been proven.
X-ray spectroscopy has revealed in bursts from EXO 0748-676 a 4 keV absorption feature and H and He-like absorption lines in Fe. The subsequent derivation of redshift of Z=0.35 implies a constraint for the mass-radius equation of the neutron star, a relationship which is still a mystery but is a major priority for the astrophysics community. However, the narrow line profiles are inconsistent with the rapid (552 Hz) spin of the neutron star in this object, and it seems more likely that the line features arise from the accretion disc.
Applications to astronomy
Luminous X-ray bursts can be considered standard candles, since the mass of the neutron star determines the luminosity of the burst. Therefore, comparing the observed X-ray flux to the predicted value yields relatively accurate distances. Observations of X-ray bursts also allow the determination of the radius of the neutron star.
See also
Gamma-ray burst
References
Stellar phenomena
Neutron stars
Variable stars
Standard candles
X-ray burster
Semidetached binaries
Nucleosynthesis |
The Sarawak People's National Party or (PNRS), also known by the acronyms "NEGARA" and was initially known as "Parti PEACE" is a minor Sarawakian political party which was formed in July 1974. It was rumoured to be secretly funded by United Bumiputera Heritage Party (PBB) of Sarawak Barisan Nasional (BN) to split opposition votes although the claim was never verified.
See also
Politics of Malaysia
List of political parties in Malaysia
References
Defunct political parties in Sarawak
1974 establishments in Malaysia
Political parties established in 1974 |
Flying Saucers from Outer Space (Holt, 1953) is a non-fiction book by Donald Keyhoe about unidentified flying objects, aka UFOs.
Adaptation
In 1956 a science-fiction film credited as "suggested by" the book was made under the title Earth vs. the Flying Saucers, also known as Invasion of the Flying Saucers.
The working titles of the film were Attack of the Flying Saucers, Invasion of the Flying Saucers and Flying Saucers from Outer Space. In a letter contained in the film's production file at the AMPAS Library, blacklisted screenwriter Bernard Gordon stated that he wrote the screenplay for this picture using the pseudonym Raymond T. Marcus.
See also
The Flying Saucers Are Real (also by Keyhoe)
References
Notes
External links
Flying Saucers from Outer Space on line version at NICAP
1953 non-fiction books
Alleged UFO-related aviation incidents
Books about extraterrestrial life
Flying saucers |
Nathaniel Trives (born 1934/1935) is an American politician who served as the first African-American mayor of Santa Monica, California, a town then 95 percent white. Trives is a former Santa Monica police officer who served on the Santa Monica City Council from 1971 to 1979.
Biography
Trives was born in Alabama and moved to Richmond, Indiana in 1937 where he was the only Black child at his school. He then moved to Glendale, Ohio near Cincinnati and moved to Santa Monica in 1949. His father worked in commercial real estate. He is a graduate of Santa Monica High School. Trives received his B.S. in criminal justice from Cal State Los Angeles and Master of Public Administration from UCLA. He is an alumnus of Santa Monica College. After school, he served on the Santa Monica Police Department achieving the rank of sergeant and served as president of the Santa Monica Police Officers Association for five years. He was elected to the Santa Monica City Council in 1971 and re-elected in 1975. He served as mayor pro tem from 1973-1975 and mayor from 1975-77. While mayor, he diversified the administration adding minorities to every board and commission. In the late 1970s, he was named a special master and auditor monitor at the US Federal Court for the Northern District of California flying to San Francisco during the week.
Personal life
In 1955 he married Ida Trives at the First Baptist Church in Venice, California. they had one daughter, Toni.
External links
Mr. Santa Monica
References
Mayors of Santa Monica, California
Santa Monica City Council members
African-American mayors in California
1930s births |
Paul Lustig Dunkel (July 22, 1943 – January 14, 2018) was an American flutist and conductor. From 1983 to 2008, he served as music director of the Westchester Philharmonic. He also taught at the New England Conservatory, the Eastman School of Music, Queens College, City University of New York, Vassar College, the University of Connecticut and State University of New York at Purchase.
Biography
Dunkel was born in New York City, where he spent his early years. His mother, Johanna Lustig, was a pianist from Vienna, Austria and his father, Eugene Borisovich Dunkel, was a scenic designer, born in Russia.
Dunkel began studying the piano at the age of eight, and with the encouragement of Marianne Kuranda, his piano teacher, began studying the flute two years later. He studied flute with Robert DiDomenica and William Kincaid, and piano with Lothar Epstein and Anka Bernstein-Landau. He attended The High School of Music & Art in New York City. He grew up on the upper West Side of Manhattan, where, prior to attending Music & Art, he attended Franklin School, where he was renowned for his skill at playing baseball.
In 1966, Dunkel took the silver medal at the Birmingham International Woodwind Festival (UK). (James Galway took the gold.) In 1978, he co-founded and picked the players for Dennis Russell Davies's American Composers Orchestra. He acted as both manager and principal flute, later a resident conductor.
As music director of the Westchester Philharmonic, Dunkel developed a reputation for presenting new works and promoting new artists. In honor of his 15th year with the orchestra, a composition by Melinda Wagner was commissioned. Concerto for Flute, Strings, and Percussion was subsequently awarded a Pulitzer Prize in 1999.
Dunkel and the orchestra were the recipients of the 2000 Leonard Bernstein Award for Educational Programming from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) and the American Symphony Orchestra League for excellence and innovation in music education. Dunkel concluded his Westchester Philharmonic tenure after the 2007–2008 season.
Dunkel died on January 14, 2018, aged 74.
References
External links
Biography at American Composers Orchestra
'Paul Dunkel, Flute', New York City Ballet Orchestra Musicians page
The Music Sack, page on Paul Lustig Dunkel
1943 births
2018 deaths
American conductors (music)
American male conductors (music)
American classical flautists
American people of Austrian descent
American people of Russian descent
Musicians from New York City
The High School of Music & Art alumni
Place of death missing
Classical musicians from New York (state) |
The 2021 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors volleyball team represented the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (UH) in the 2021 NCAA Division I & II men's volleyball season. The Rainbow Warriors, led by 12th-year head coach Charlie Wade, played home games at Stan Sheriff Center on the UH campus in the Honolulu neighborhood of Mānoa. The Rainbow Warriors, members of the Big West Conference, were picked by Big West coaches to win the conference in its preseason poll. After a late start was announced, Hawaii went undefeated in conference play. The Rainbow Warriors suffered their first and only setback in the semifinals of the Big West Tournament, forcing them to receive an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament. Despite the setback, Hawai'i received the #1 seed in the national tournament and went on to win the National Championship with straight set wins over UC Santa Barbara in the semifinals and BYU in the national championship. The national championship is Hawai'i's first men's volleyball national championship after they had to vacate the 2002 national championship.
Season highlights
Will be filled in as the season progresses.
Roster
Schedule
TV/Internet Streaming information:
All home games were televised on Spectrum Sports. All road games were also streamed on ESPN3 or Big West TV. The NCAA Tournament was streamed on B1G+ (opening round, quarterfinals), NCAA.com (semifinals), and the Championship was televised nationally on ESPNU.
*-Indicates conference match.
Times listed are Hawaii Time Zone.
Announcers for televised games
UC Irvine: Rob Espero & Charlie Brande
UC Irvine: Rob Espero & Charlie Brande
UC San Diego: Miles Himmel & Ricci Luyties
UC San Diego: Miles Himmel & Ricci Luyties
UC Santa Barbara: No commentary
UC Santa Barbara: No commentary
UC Santa Barbara: No commentary
UC San Diego: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
UC San Diego: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
Long Beach State: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
Long Beach State: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
CSUN: Darren Preston
CSUN: Darren Preston
UC Irvine: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
UC Irvine: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
UC San Diego: Kanoa Leahey & Lisa Strand
UC Santa Barbara: Paul Sunderland & Kevin Barnett
BYU: Paul Sunderland & Kevin Barnett
Rankings
^The Media did not release a Pre-season, Week 13, or Week 14 poll.
References
2021 in sports in Hawaii
Hawaii Rainbow Warriors volleyball
2021 NCAA Division I & II men's volleyball season
2021 Big West Conference men's volleyball season |
Louis Alan Hazeltine (August 7, 1886 – May 24, 1964) was an engineer and physicist, the inventor of the Neutrodyne circuit, and the Hazeltine-Fremodyne Superregenerative circuit. He was the founder of the Hazeltine Corporation.
Biography
Louis Alan Hazeltine was born in Morristown, New Jersey, in 1886 and attended the Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey, majoring in electrical engineering. He graduated in 1906 and accepted a job with General Electric corporation.
Hazeltine returned to Stevens to teach, eventually becoming chair of the electrical engineering department in 1917.
The following year he became a consultant for the United States Navy. The Navy job eventually parlayed into a position as an advisor to the U.S. government on radio broadcasting regulation, and later, a position on the National Defense Research Committee during World War II.
Hazeltine was president of the Institute of Radio Engineers in 1936.
References
Further reading
"Adventures in Cybersound: Louis Alan Hazeltine : 1886 - 1964"
Reiman, Dick, "Scanning the Past: A History of Electrical Engineering from the Past: Louis Alan Hazeltine", Copyright 1993 IEEE. Reprinted with permission from the IEEE publication, "Scanning the Past" which covers a reprint of an article appearing in the Proceedings of the IEEE Vol. 81, No. 4, April 1993.
External links
"The Neutrodyne Radio", Arcane Radio Trivia, Tuesday, October 2, 2007
1886 births
1964 deaths
People from Morristown, New Jersey
Stevens Institute of Technology alumni
American electronics engineers
Engineers from New Jersey
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Presidents of the Institute of Radio Engineers |
Sulin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłecko, within Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south of Kłecko, west of Gniezno, and north-east of the regional capital Poznań.
References
Sulin |
West Quartzite Range () is a mountain range, the western of two parallel quartzite ranges, situated at the east side of Houliston Glacier in the Concord Mountains, Antarctica. Named by the Northern Party of NZFMCAE, 1962–63, after the distinctive geological formation of the feature.
Mountain ranges of Victoria Land
Pennell Coast |
Acalolepta buruana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1970. It is known from Moluccas.
References
Acalolepta
Beetles described in 1970 |
Campotenes is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae.
Species
Campotenes beryllodes (Diakonoff, 1954)
Campotenes chrysopluta (Diakonoff, 1954)
Campotenes microphthalma (Diakonoff, 1954)
Campotenes vervoorti Diakonoff, 1972
See also
List of Tortricidae genera
References
External links
tortricidae.com
Tortricidae genera |
Year 428 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Cossus and Cincinnatus or Cincinnatus and Atratinus (or, less frequently, year 326 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 428 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Greece
The chief city of Lesbos, Mytilene, revolts against Athenian rule. The Spartan admiral, Alcidas, leads 40 Peloponnesian alliance ships with the aim of assisting the inhabitants of Mytilene. However, the rebellion by Mytilene is crushed before his forces can arrive.
Despite encouragement from the Ionian leaders to engage the Athenians, Alcidas declines. Rather, Alcidas leads his fleet to Cyllene where the Spartans resolve to strengthen the fleet and send it to Corcyra where a revolution has broken out. Spartan leaders, Brasidas and Alcidas, then defeat a fleet of Corcyran ships. However, they retire when word reaches them that 60 Athenian ships from Leucas under the command of Eurymedon have been dispatched to intercept them.
Italy
The Greek colony of Cumae in Italy falls to the Samnites, who begin to take control of the Campanian plain.
By topic
Literature
Euripides' play Hippolytus is performed in the Dionysia competition, the famous Athenian dramatic festival. The play is awarded first prize.
Sophocles writes Oedipus Rex.
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Births
Archytas, Greek philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, statesman, and strategist (d. 347 BC)
Deaths
Anaxagoras, Greek philosopher (b. c. 500 BC)
References |
Matt Ross-Spang is an American record producer, Grammy award winning engineer, and mixer. His credits include such artists as Jason Isbell, Margo Price, Al Green, John Prine and Elvis Presley.
Life and career
Matt Ross-Spang, born in Memphis, Tennessee, began working at the Sun Studio when he was just 16, working his way from an intern to the Chief Engineer. Wanting to capture what made Sun Studio great, Ross-Spang championed hard to find, install, and use the same period equipment that Sam Phillips engineered with from the 1950s. His 11 years of dedication to Sun, and its signature sound, garnered national attention when it was featured by Lester Holt on NBC's Nightly News and The Today Show, as well as NPR's All Things Considered.
In 2015, Ross-Spang left Sun Studio to venture out on his own as an engineer and producer. His first project post-Sun was to engineer and mix Jason Isbell's Something More Than Free for record producer Dave Cobb. This record earned him his first Grammy Award. The record broke several records debuting at #1 on the Country, Rock, Folk, and Indie Charts. It also broke Americana Radio chart records, staying #1 for over 25 weeks. The record won Grammys for Best Americana Album and Best Americana Song ("24 Frames").
Ross-Spang continued engineering for Dave Cobb on records by Mary Chapin Carpenter, Chris Isaak, The Rival Sons, Corb Lund, Lori McKenna, Brett Dennen and the album Southern Family.
Other recent releases include the latest Sheepdogs record, Future Nostalgia, and the debut album by Margo Price. Price's album, entitled Midwest Farmer's Daughter, was recorded in 2014 at Sun Studio and released on Third Man Records. Engineered, mixed and co-produced by Ross-Spang, the record debuted this year in the top 10 Billboard country charts to critical acclaim.
In 2016, Ross-Spang was hired by Sony Records to mix 18 previously unreleased songs by Elvis Presley from his historic 1976 sessions from the Jungle Room at Graceland.
Later that year, Ross-Spang mixed and engineered the Lori McKenna album, The Bird and the Rifle, which later went on to be nominated for a Grammy Award for Best American Roots Album and Best American Roots Song by the Recording Academy.
2017 has seen the release of Sean Rowe's new album, Lore, which Ross-Spang produced and engineered. American Songwriter magazine gave the record 4 out of 5 stars.
In September 2018, Ross-Spang participated in Amazon Music's first 'Produced By' series, which asks producers to develop music exclusively for Amazon customers. His contributions include tracks from Al Green, Margo Price, John Prine, Erin Rae, and William Bell.
Ross-Spang has been a regular collaborator with The Mountain Goats, engineering their album In League With Dragons (2019), and producing both Getting Into Knives (2019) and Dark in Here (2021).
In 2020, Ross-Spang's mid century modern home was featured in Memphis Magazine, "From the tile floors to the original light fixtures, the 1957 home is remarkably preserved."
In 2021, Ross-Spang opened Southern Grooves, his 3,000-square-foot recording studio. The building process started in August 2020, with acousticians Steven Durr and Matt Schlachter. The studio occupies space, on the second floor of Crosstown Concourse. The studio consists of a live room, control room, a long hallway (for reverb) echo chamber, a lounge, office, tech shop and an EMT plate room. "The undulating ceiling and lack of 90-degree angles or parallel surfaces in the live room reportedly give the impression that the space is a lot bigger than it is". Memphis Business Journal quoted, "One of the most distinctive features of Southern Grooves is the small, closet-sized echo chamber. The walls are designed at odd angles, and they're heavily plastered".
Awards and recognition
Matt Ross-Spang worked as the engineer on The Fluffy Jackets' debut album Fighting Demons featuring producer/ guitarist Manny Charlton (Nazareth) and bassist Neil Murray (Whitesnake). The album won the Best Studio Album of the Year Award for 2014, voted by listeners of The Blues Hour show in UK and France.
One year later, Ross-Spang won a Grammy Award for Jason Isbell's "Something More Than Free in 2015.
The City of Memphis named him one of its "30 under 30" Memphians in 2015
In 2016, Ross-Spang was awarded the Key to the City of Memphis.
He was featured on the Working Class Audio podcast with Matt Boudreau.
For their January/February 2017 issue, Tape Op magazine interviewed Ross-Spang about his past and the future of music production.
At the 2017 Grammy Awards, Lori McKenna's The Bird & The Rifle (engineered and mixed by Ross-Spang) was nominated for Best American Roots Album, Best American Roots Performance, and Best American Roots Song.
At the 2018 Grammy Awards, Ross-Spang received a Grammy for his work on Jason Isbell and the 400 unit's album, The Nashville Sound. The album received a Grammy Awards for Best Americana Album. Additionally, "If We Were Vampires" won the Grammy for Best American Roots Song.
At the 2018 UK Americana Awards, Emily Barker's album, Sweet Kind of Blue, was nominated for Best Album of the Year.
At the 2019 Grammy Awards, John Prine's The Tree of Forgiveness (engineered by Ross-Spang) was nominated for Best Americana Album, Best American Roots Song,
At the 2020 Grammy Awards, Iron & Wine / Calexico received two nominations with their Ross-Spang produced album Years to Burn. That same year, Don Bryant received a nomination for Best Traditional Blues Album forYou Make Me Feel, mixed by Ross-Spang.
Selected discography
References
External links
Matt Ross-Spang Interview at NAMM Oral History Collection (2016)]
1987 births
Living people
Record producers from Tennessee
Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee
American audio engineers |
Malaysia competed in the 2017 Summer Deaflympics which was held in Samsun, Turkey after narrowly missing the opportunity to compete at the 2013 Summer Deaflympics due to the Malaysian players' allegation for not having enough practices to compete at the event. Malaysia sent a delegation consisting of 16 participants for the event though it was earlier announced that only 10 competitors would take part in the multi-sport event. This was only the fifth time that Malaysia was eligible participate at the Summer Deaflympics after making its Deaflympic debut in 1993.
Prior to the Deaflympic event, the Malaysian government announced that the medal winners would be rewarded. Malaysia claimed its only medal in the badminton mixed doubles event.
Medalists
Medal table
See also
Malaysia at the Deaflympics
References
External links
Malaysia at the Deaflympics
Nations at the 2017 Summer Deaflympics
2017 in Malaysian sport
Malaysia at the Deaflympics |
The James J. Hill Center (originally the James J. Hill Reference Library) was a privately funded business research library at 80 West Fourth Street in Saint Paul, Minnesota. On July 3, 2019, the library closed to the public citing unsustainable operating costs and needed capital improvements. Until 2019 it was open to the public and its resources could be used for free on site. In addition, the Center hosted business and social events in its historic reading room. On November 18, 2019, the center announced it had put the building up for sale. The library is part of the civic legacy of James J. Hill. In June 2021, the Minneapolis-based company First & First bought the building with the intent for it to be used as an event center.
The James J. Hill Center was completed after his death and funded by his widow, Mary T. Hill, and children Mary Hill, Rachel Hill Boeckmann, Clara Hill Lindley, Louis W. Hill, and Charlotte Hill Slade. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
References
External links
Library buildings completed in 1916
Libraries on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota
National Register of Historic Places in Saint Paul, Minnesota
1916 establishments in Minnesota
Business libraries |
Herwig Görgemanns (born 1931) is a German classicist, former professor and emeritus of classical philology at Heidelberg University.
In Würzburg he presented his dissertation in classical philology: contributions to the interpretation of Plato's Laws (1959). With an analysis on Plutarch's dialogue "De facie in orbe luna" he habilitated in 1965 in Heidelberg. His teacher was Franz Dirlmeier. In 1967/1968 he was a Fellow at the Center for Hellenic Studies at Harvard University. In 1972 Görgemanns became Professor for classical philology at Heidelberg University. In 1997 he retired.
His focus was on Greek philology, especially Plato. In this context he presented a hypothesis on a possible historical core of Plato's Atlantis story.
Together with church historian Heinrich Karpp (1908–1997) he translated Peri archon/De principiis by Origenes.
One of his students is the Plutarch researcher Rainer Hirsch-Luipold, Göttingen.
Partial bibliography
Beiträge zur Interpretation von Platons Nomoi (= Zetemata. issue 25). Munich 1960.
Untersuchungen zu Plutarchs Dialog „De facie in orbe lunae“ (= Bibliothek der klassischen Altertumswissenschaften. Bd. 33). Heidelberg 1970.
Origenes: Vier Bücher von den Prinzipien (= Texte zur Forschung Vol. 24). Darmstadt 1976. .
Platon. Heidelberg 1994. .
Platon und die atlantische Insel. Die Entstehung eines Geschichtsmythos, in: Hellenische Mythologie: Vorgeschichte. Die Hellenen und ihre Nachbarn von der Vorgeschichte bis zur klassischen Periode. Tagung, 9.–11.12.1994, Ohlstadt, Oberbayern, Deutschland. Altenburg 1996, pp. 107–124.
Wahrheit und Fiktion in Platons Atlantis-Erzählung, in: Hermes No. 128 / 2000; pp. 405–420.
External links
Article on Görgemann's Atlantis thesis.
German classical scholars
1931 births
Living people |
Walter James Reeves (born December 15, 1965) is a former American football tight end, who played eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Auburn University. He was drafted by the Phoenix Cardinals in the second round of the 1989 NFL Draft.
References
1965 births
Living people
American football tight ends
Auburn Tigers football players
Cleveland Browns players
Phoenix Cardinals players
San Diego Chargers players
People from Eufaula, Alabama
Players of American football from Alabama |
Back from the Abyss is the eighth studio album by British heavy metal band Orange Goblin. It was recorded at The Animal Farm (London), and it was released on 6 October 2014 in Europe and 7 October 2014 in the United States under the label Candlelight Records. The album received positive reviews from Blabbermouth and Metal Injection.
Track listing
"Sabbath Hex" – 4:47
"Übermensch" – 3:57
"The Devil's Whip" – 2:15
"Demon Blues" – 4:40
"Heavy Lies the Crown" – 6:19
"Into the Arms of Morpheus" – 7:07
"Mythical Knives" – 4:48
"Bloodzilla" – 4:10
"The Abyss" – 5:33
"Titan" – 1:59
"Blood of Them" – 5:47
"The Shadow Over Innsmouth" – 2:53
Personnel
Ben Ward – vocals
Joe Hoare – guitar
Chris Turner – drums
Martyn Millard – bass
References
2014 albums
Orange Goblin albums
Candlelight Records albums |
Ab Bad (, also Romanized as Āb Bād; also known as Āb Bār) is a village in Hur Rural District, in the Central District of Faryab County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 219, in 52 families.
References
Populated places in Faryab County |
The Kung Fu Scholar is a 1993 Hong Kong martial arts comedy film directed by Norman Law and starring Aaron Kwok, Vivian Chow and Dicky Cheung.
Plot
Lun Man-chui (Dicky Cheung) and Lau Sin-hoi (Aaron Kwok) are students at Ming College who always disputed with each other. Lun is a poor but smart scholar who liked to do petty tricks on others. Lau is a straightforward and smart man who is martial artist since he was a kid. They both fall for their beautiful classmate Ching-ching (Vivian Chow), who is Headmaster Heung's (Ng Man-tat) niece. Later, a competition arises between Ming College and its rival, Oriental College. To win in the competition, Headmaster Heung hires martial arts expert Lee Tai-chun (Bryan Leung) to teach the students. Lee is being pursued by Imperial Secret Agents and took the job to cover up his real identity. On the day of the competition, Lee was found by the Imperial Secret Agents, however, with the help of Lun and Lau, Lee manages to escape and they make their way back to the competition and triumphed. From then on, Lun and Lau become best friends.
Cast
Dicky Cheung as Lun Man-chui
Aaron Kwok as Lau Sin-hoi
Vivian Chow as Ching-ching
Ng Man-tat as Headmaster Heung
Bryan Leung as Lee Tai-chun / Lee Man-lung
Gordon Liu as His Excellency
Kent Cheng as Fat Cat
Kingdom Yuen as Lun Man-chui's mother
Johnny Tang as Tang Lin-yu
Anderson Junior as Oriental College's spectacled bully
Michael Chow as Oriental College's bully
Wong San as Mr. Chin
Sam Wong as Eunuch Ngai
Hoi Sang Lee as Copper Head
Chan Tik-hak as Casino manager
Teresa Ha as Granny beggar
Wong Yat-fei as Oriental College's servant
Wong Wai-wu as Waiter Shui
Bobby Yip as Lau Sin-hoi's servant beating Fat Cat
Joey Leung as Lau Sin-hoi's friend
Gabriel Wong as Oriental College's quiz contestant
Lo Hung as College quiz moderator
Peter Lai as Lu Restaurant's boss
Pak Yan as Tang Lin-yu's mother
Baby Bo as Ching-ching's cousin
Ho Pak-kwong as Cantonese Association representative
Ling Hon as Oriental College headmaster
Wong Hung as tea house waiter
Cheng Ka-sang as lecherous customer
Tony Tam as one of Eunuch's men
Wong Ka-leung as one of Eunuch's men
Box office
The film grossed HK$8,384,786 at the Hong Kong box office during its theatrical run from 13 to 16 January in Hong Kong.
External links
Kung Fu Scholar at Hong Kong Cinemagic
The Kung Fu Scholar film review at LoveHKFilm.com
1994 films
1994 action comedy films
1990s adventure comedy films
1990s martial arts comedy films
Hong Kong action comedy films
Hong Kong adventure comedy films
Hong Kong martial arts comedy films
Kung fu films
1990s Cantonese-language films
Films set in the Ming dynasty
1990s Hong Kong films |
DeLong (also called De Long or Delong) is an unincorporated community in Orange Township, Knox County, Illinois, United States. DeLong is located on County Route 5, east of Abingdon.
History
DeLong was laid out in 1882, and named in memory of George W. DeLong (1844–1881), a United States Navy officer and explorer. A post office opened at DeLong in 1883, and remained in operation until 1969.
References
Unincorporated communities in Knox County, Illinois
Unincorporated communities in Illinois |
Vyacheslav Anatoliyovych Bazylevych (), Vyacheslav Anatolevich Bazilevich (; born 7 August 1990) is a Ukrainian-born Russian former football goalkeeper.
Honours
2009 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship: Champion
External links
Profile at official FFU website
Profile at footballfacts
1990 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Simferopol
Ukrainian men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Naturalised citizens of Russia
Russian men's footballers
Ukraine men's youth international footballers
FC Shakhtar Donetsk players
FC Shakhtar-3 Donetsk players
FC Krymteplytsia Molodizhne players
FC Nyva Ternopil players
FC TSK Simferopol players
Crimean Premier League players
21st-century Ukrainian people |
Carmela Carabelli, born Carmelina Negri (Melegnano, May 9, 1910 – Milan, November 25, 1978), better known as Mamma Carmela (in English: Mother Carmela), was a spiritual daughter of Pio of Pietrelcina and a famous Italian mystic.
Biography
Early life
Carmelina Negri was born in the May 9, 1910, the daughter of Gaetano Negri and Teresa Galbiati.
She was integrated in the Catholic Action movement, in which, through its enormous enthusiasm and eventually influenced by some members of her family, who accompanied her on the growth of living the faith in the spirit of prayer, the love for Jesus in the Eucharist, the devotion to the Virgin Mary and service to the Catholic Church.
In 1926, she completed her studies and began work in a bank. She met Giuseppe Carabelli, a virtuous and modest young man whom she married on January 23, 1935. They had both always wanted a large family who could convey the "Good News" of a higher love, like that of God. Within her large family she came to be called by the diminutive and tender name of "Mamma" Carmela.
In mid-September 1950, Carmela Carabelli made a trip to the convent of San Giovanni Rotondo where she met the supposedly stigmatized Capuchin friar and priest Padre Pio of Pietrelcina. She defined this trip as being "memorable" and it further increased her love for prayer and desire to do good. Carabelli became soon after one of Padre Pio's spiritual daughters.
Spiritual writings
Carabelli in her spiritual writings revealed her interior locutions with Jesus in which he allegedly supplied some mysteries about his life, about God the Father as the father of all mankind; about the Virgin Mary, who in turn spoke on the person of Joseph, among other divine mysteries. Through this privileged personality, Carabelli began to travel the world. Her writings were already translated into major languages and distributed in several countries.
Death and burial
In October 1978, Carabelli suffered serious health problems but recovered in hospital in Milan. However, the following month, after receiving the sacrament of Holy Viaticum, on November 25, 1978, she died. She is buried in the Monumental Cemetery of Milan (Section 72 B, ref. 1855).
Further reading
Carmela Carabelli; The Message of Merciful Love - Conversations With Jesus, Divine Mercy Publications, Australia
Carmela Carabelli; Jesus, Our Teacher (from the writings of Mamma Carmela) - volumes 1 to 10, Divine Mercy Publications, Australia
Carmela Carabelli; Mary, Mother and Teacher (from the writings of Mamma Carmela) - volumes 1 to 10, Divine Mercy Publications, Australia
Carmela Carabelli: Thoughts and Reflections - volumes 1 to 6, Divine Mercy Publications, Australia
See also
Visions of Jesus and Mary
References
1910 births
1978 deaths
20th-century Christian mystics
Italian Christian mystics
Italian women writers
Italian Roman Catholics
Visions of Jesus and Mary
Roman Catholic mystics
Burials at the Cimitero Monumentale di Milano |
The St. John's Church in Payette, Idaho was built in 1911. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. It has also been known as the German Evangelical Lutheran Church.
References
National Register of Historic Places in Payette County, Idaho
Gothic Revival architecture in Idaho
Buildings and structures completed in 1911
German-American culture in Idaho |
The following lists events that happened during 2014 in Iraq.
Incumbents
President: Jalal Talabani (until July 24), Fuad Masum (starting July 24)
Prime Minister: Nouri al-Maliki (until September 9), Haider al-Abadi (starting September 9)
Vice President: Khodair al-Khozaei (until September 9), Nouri al-Maliki, Usama al-Nujayfi, Ayad Allawi (starting September 9)
Events
January
January 2 – War in Iraq (2013–2017)
Armed tribesmen and ISIS militants control the Iraqi cities of Fallujah and Ramadi, after days of violence that erupted as a protest camp was removed.
13 people are killed in a suicide bombing in Balad Ruz, near Baqubah.
January 4 – The Iraqi government loses control of Fallujah to Islamist militants.
January 9 – A suicide bomber kills 23 Iraqi army recruits and wounds 36 in Baghdad.
January 12 – A car bombing at a bus station in central Baghdad kills at least nine people.
January 15 – At least 26 people are killed in a series of attacks in central Iraq.
January 16 – TMZ reveals photos of United States Marines burning bodies of Iraqis prompting an investigation from the Department of Defense.
January 21–26 people convicted of terrorism charges are hanged in Iraq.
January 25–17 people are killed in car-bomb and mortar attacks on a Shi'ite Muslim village.
January 30 – Six suicide bombers take over the Iraqi Ministry of Transportation in Baghdad and kill at least 24 hostages before security forces take control.
February
February 5 – A wave of bombings hits central Baghdad with at least 16 people dead.
February 6 – Seven car bombings across Baghdad, kill at least 13 people.
February 10 – A car bomb detonates prematurely in Baghdad, killing 21 militants. In a separate event, a car bomb hits a convoy transporting Usama al-Nujayfi with a bodyguard being wounded.
February 11–16 Iraqi soldiers are killed by militants in an attack on military outposts protecting an oil pipeline in northern Iraq.
February 17 – At least 25 people are killed and dozens wounded in bombing attacks across Baghdad; three bombs exploded in public markets and a fourth outside a Shiite mosque.
February 27 – A wave of bombings in Baghdad kills 53 people.
March
March 9 – A suicide car bomber kills 42 people at a police checkpoint in Hillah.
March 20 – A suicide bomber attacks a café in Baghdad, killing 12 people and injuring another 38.
March 21 – Gunmen attack a police headquarters north of Baghdad and suicide bombers strike across Iraq killing 25 people and injuring dozens.
April
April 4 – Attacks in Baghdad and predominantly Sunni Arab areas of northern and western Iraq kill nine people.
April 13 – A suicide truck bomber detonates at a police station in Kirkuk Governorate, killing eight policemen.
April 22 – A balloting station on the outskirts of Kirkuk, is attacked by militants, leaving 10 people dead.
April 25 – At least 25 people are killed and several injured in a series of bomb blasts targeted at Shi'ite rally in Baghdad. The attack comes less than a week before Iraqis are due to head to the polls in parliamentary elections.
April 27 – Iraqi helicopters destroy a convoy of ISIL fuel tankers inside Syrian territory.
April 28 – Suicide bomb attacks kill dozens of people at a political rally and at early polling places for the election to be held on April 30.
April 30 – Voters in Iraq go to the polls for parliamentary elections that have already been marred by violence from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
May
May 12 – 49 people have been killed and 69 wounded in a series of attacks across Iraq including attack by Iraqi security forces on insurgents in Al Anbar Governorate.
May 13 – The International Criminal Court will conduct a preliminary examination in the claims that United Kingdom forces abused Iraqi detainees between 2003 and 2008.
May 27 – At least 35 people killed, 70 injured in bomb attacks in Baghdad and Anbar.
June
June 6 – Attacks across Iraq kill 27 people.
June 7 – Iraqi insurgency (post-U.S. withdrawal)
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant gunmen storm the campus of the University of Anbar, killing 3 guards and holding dozens of students hostage before withdrawing.
The dead bodies of 21 policemen who were kidnapped a day before by militants are recovered in Mosul.
At least 52 people are dead following a series of bombings in Baghdad.
June 8 – At least 13 people are killed and 60 injured as a result of a double bombing at the offices of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan in Jalula, Diyala region.
June 9 – A suicide truck bomber detonates his vehicle at the gate of a Patriotic Union of Kurdistan office in Tuz Khormato, a second truck bomb detonated as people were gathering around the first one. Over 15 are killed and at least 110 injured.
June 10 – Militants stage an overnight attack in Mosul, taking control of the city while police and military flee.
June 11 – Insurgents continue their offensive, gaining control of the city of Tikrit, the second provincial capital to fall in as many days. At least 500,000 residents of Mosul flee the fighting and head east into Kurdish-controlled territory, while insurgents storm the Turkish Embassy and take 48 Turks hostage, including the Consul General.
June 12 – Iraqi insurgency (post-U.S. withdrawal)
The United Nations Security Council meets to discuss the rapid progress of an Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant offensive towards Baghdad.
Iraqi Kurds take over control of the city of Kirkuk as the army flees.
The Parliament of Iraq postpones a vote on Prime Minister Nouri Maliki's call for a state of emergency due to a lack of quorum.
June 14 – A bomb explodes in the town of Mayadin in Deir al-Zor province near the Iraqi border killing 8.
June 15 – The United States evacuates personnel from its embassy in Baghdad as Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant nears the city.
June 16 – 2014 Northern Iraq offensive
ISIL takes control of the town of Tal Afar.
The Pentagon sends the USS Mesa Verde to the Persian Gulf to join a contingency of U.S. Navy ships already stationed there to monitor the northern offensive.
June 17 – 275 United States Military personnel are deployed to Iraq to provide extra protection for the American embassy in Baghdad.
June 18 – 2014 Northern Iraq offensive
40 Indians working for a Turkish construction company are abducted by militants in Mosul.
Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant militants lay siege to Iraq's largest oil refinery, located in Baiji.
June 20 – US sends 300 military advisers to Iraq as battle rages in Baiji over the country's biggest oil refinery.
June 21 – Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant captures the towns of al-Qa'im, Anah and Rawa in Western Iraq.
June 22 – Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant capture the al-Walid (al-Tanf) border crossing with Syria and the Turaibil (Karameh) border crossing with Jordan.
June 25 – The Prime Minister of Iraq Nouri al-Maliki calls for national unity as an Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant reaches Yathrib 87 kilometres (54 miles) north of Baghdad.
June 26 – 2014 Northern Iraq offensive
The Prime Minister of Iraq Nouri al-Maliki confirms that the Syrian Air Force bombed Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant positions in Iraq earlier in the week.
Insurgents capture the town of Mansouriyat al-Jabal, containing four natural gas fields, which is about 110 km northeast of Baghdad.
Iraqi forces launch an airborne assault on rebel-held Tikrit with at least one helicopter crashing.
June 27 – American human rights group Human Rights Watch claims that Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant executed at least 160 captives earlier this month in Tikrit.
June 28 – 2014 Northern Iraq offensive
The Iraqi Army expels militants from the centre of the city of Tikrit amongst heavy fighting.
Islamist rebels including members of the Al-Qaeda affiliated Nusra Front challenge Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant's control of the town of Albu Kamal on the Syrian border on Saturday.
June 29 – The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant is renamed the Islamic State, with a caliphate being proclaimed and Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi being named caliph.
July
July 3 – Saudi Arabia deploys 30,000 soldiers to its border with Iraq after Iraqi government forces withdrew from the area.
July 5 – 46 Indian nurses held hostage by the ISIL for almost a month in Tikrit, arrive at Cochin airport, Kochi, India.
July 7 – Sittings of the Council of Representatives of Iraq are postponed for five weeks as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant forces kill an Iraqi Army general on the outskirts of Baghdad.
July 9 – Iraqi security forces find the bodies of 53 men shot recently in Hamza south of Baghdad.
July 11 – Kurdish MPs withdraw from the central government following a dispute with the Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki with Kurdish forces taking over control of two northern oil fields at Bai Hassan and Kirkuk.
July 12 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
Gunmen kill 29 people in an apartment building in East Baghdad, including twenty women.
Twin bombings in the city of Kirkuk kill at least 28 people.
July 15 – Salim al-Jabouri is elected as speaker of the Iraqi parliament.
July 19 – Three bombs explode in Baghdad killing at least fifteen people.
July 21 – Ten people are killed in an Iraqi Air Force air strike on the rebel-held town of Hawija.
July 22 – A suicide bombing in Baghdad kills at least 21 people.
July 24 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
Gunmen attack a prisoner convoy north of Baghdad resulting in the death of 52 prisoners and eight Iraqi Army soldiers.
Twin car bombs kill at least 13 people in central Baghdad.
July 29 – An Iraqi Army raid on jihadist targets in a town southwest of Baghdad kills at least 17 people.
August
August 3 – The Islamic State seizes the Yazidi-dominated town of Sinjar. It also seized control of the Mosul Dam, which is Iraq's biggest dam, the Ain Zalah oil field, and two more towns.
August 6 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
Fighters from the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria clash with Iraq's Kurdish minority in the north of the country.
Iraq government television reports that an Iraqi Air Force strike has killed 60 militants.
At least 51 people are killed in a series of car bombings in Baghdad.
August 7 – 2014 Northern Iraq offensive
The Islamic State captures a range of cities inhabited primarily by Assyrians in Northern Iraq, notably Bakhdida, Bartella, Qaraqosh, Tel Keppe, Karamlish and Tel Isqof; thousands flee, while many Yazidis are caught in the newly captured city of Sinjar.
The President of the United States, Barack Obama, delivers a statement promising increased humanitarian and military assistance including air strikes.
August 8 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
U.S. F/A-18 fighters bomb ISIL artillery units and a military convoy.
Iraqi airstrikes kill 45 Islamic State fighters and injure 60.
The United Nations says the persecution of the Yazidi by ISIL may be genocide.
August 9 – Iraqi Kurdish security forces report they have opened a road to Sinjar, rescuing over 5,000 Yazidis besieged by the IS group.
August 10 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
The President of Iraqi Kurdistan, Massoud Barzani, appeals for international military aid to help defeat Islamist militants.
The US launches a fourth round of air strikes targeting Islamic State fighters near Erbil, and Kurdish forces regain control of two towns in Nineveh Governorate after heavy fighting.
August 11 – Iraq's embattled Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki says that he will file a legal complaint against President Fuad Masum for opposing Maliki's reappointment.
August 13 – The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights claims that 52 people have died as Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Islamists gain control of eight villages between Aleppo and the Turkish border.
August 14 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
The United Nations declares its highest state of emergency in Iraq following the advance of Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
Sunni militants and the Iraqi Army clash west of Baghdad, leaving 4 children dead.
President Obama announces that U.S airstrikes broke the IS siege of Mount Sinjar, allowing thousands of Yazidi refugees to escape, and declares plans for further airstrikes against IS forces.
August 15 – Several influential Iraqis, including Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, Ali Hatem al-Suleiman, and a group of six leaders from Sunni provinces, state that they are willing to work with the new Prime Minister of Iraq, Haider Al-Abadi, if certain conditions are met.
August 17 – Kurdish forces, supported by U.S. airstrikes, retake control of the Mosul Dam after its capture by IS militants.
August 22 – A suicide bomber and multiple gunmen, suspected to be Shia militiamen, attack a Sunni mosque in the Diyala Governorate, killing at least 65 people.
August 23 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
The UN calls for action to prevent what it suspects may become a massacre in the northern Iraqi town of Amirli, which has been besieged by IS forces since June.
At least 30 people are killed in bombings in Baghdad and Kirkuk.
August 25 – A suicide bomber detonates his vest inside of a Shiite mosque in Baghdad, killing 13 people.
August 26 – A car bomb explodes in a mainly Shi'ite section of Baghdad, killing at least eight people and wounding 20.
August 29 – The United Kingdom raises its terror threat level from "substantial" to "severe" in response to conflicts in Iraq and Syria.
August 31 – Iraqi security forces reach the town of Amerli which had been besieged by Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant forces.
September
September 2 – The United States sends an additional 250 US troops to protect American personnel.
September 7 – The United States launches new airstrikes on ISIS in western Iraq, in an effort to protect the Haditha Dam.
September 10 – The President of the United States Barack Obama authorises $25 million for "immediate military assistance" to the Iraqi government and Kurdistan Regional Government. He also outlines plans to expand US operations against Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant to Syria in a televised address to the nation.
September 12 – Australia raises its terror threat level to high following concerns about militants returning from conflicts in Iraq and Syria.
September 13 – The Prime Minister of Iraq Haider al-Abadi says he has ordered the army to stop shelling areas held by the Islamic State where there are civilians present.
September 26 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom approves air strikes against ISIS in Iraq by 524 votes to 43.
October
October 7 – A hospital in the northern Iraqi city of Tal Afar says that 29 suspected ISIL fighters were killed in airstrikes last night.
October 9 – A car bombing in a busy street in Baghdad's largest Shi'ite neighbourhood kills at least 12 people.
October 12 – Islamic State claims responsibility for a triple suicide bombing in Diyala Governorate that killed 26 Kurds as well as an attack in Anbar Province that killed the head of security.
October 13 – Three bombs explode in Shi'ite areas of Baghdad killing at least 30 people.
October 20 – At least 43 Shi'ites are dead in Baghdad and the holy city of Karbala in a wave of suicide and car bombings.
October 22 – A court convicts four former employees of Blackwater Worldwide on charges related to the 2007 killing of 14 unarmed Iraqis by firing machine guns in a Baghdad traffic circle.
October 25 – Kurdish peshmergas retake the city of Zumar and several nearby villages from ISIS, while Iraqi government forces and Shi'ite militias seize control of Jurf Al Sakhar.
November
November 2 – Over 300 members of the Sunni Albu Nimr tribe are executed by ISIL militants in Al Anbar Governorate.
November 7 – United States President Barack Obama orders 1,500 more troops into Iraq.
November 8 – Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi is critically wounded during a US airstrike at al-Qa'im.
November 11 – A suicide bomber kills eight people in the centre of Baiji.
November 12 – Suicide bombings kill at least 23 people across Iraq.
November 14 – Iraqi forces expel ISIL from the refinery town of Baiji.
November 19 – A car bomb targets a government building in the Iraqi Kurdish capital Erbil, resulting in four deaths.
November 29 – Reuters reports that 17 people have been killed in Iraqi territory currently under the control of Islamic State.
December
December 1 – Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
Prime Minister of Iraq Haidar al-Abadi promises a crackdown on corruption after an audit shows that there were 50,000 ghost soldiers in the Army.
The Iraq Prime Minister fires 24 Interior Ministry officials while the Islamic State kills at least 15 police officers near the border with Syria.
December 2 – Reuters reveals, based on three anonymous sources, that a major Switzerland based commodities firm, Trafigura, played a "pivotal" role in the ability of the semi-autonomous Kurdish region of Iraq to export oil, exports that the central government in Baghdad has prohibited.
December 4 – Bombings in Kirkuk and Shia Muslim sections of Baghdad kill at least 33 people.
December 8 – The United Nations seeks $16.4 billion to fund humanitarian assistance programs in 2015 with Syria, Iraq, Sudan and South Sudan the areas of greatest need.
December 10 – The Kurdish region's military forces, the Peshmerga Ministry, states that over 700 Iraqi Kurds have died fighting ISIL forces since June.
December 13 – Iraqi officials claim that ISIL have shot down a military helicopter near Sarharra, killing both pilots.
December 24 – A suicide bombing in Madaen among a group of pro-government Sunni militiamen kills at least 33 people and leaves 55 others wounded.
December 25 – Iraqi Christians defy persecution and celebrate Christmas in Baghdad.
December 30 – Iraqi government forces and allied Shia militia recapture the town of Dhuluiya, north of Baghdad, from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
References
Iraq
Years of the 21st century in Iraq
2010s in Iraq
Iraq |
Dakin Evans "Dusty" Miller (September 3, 1876 – April 19, 1950) was an American professional baseball player. He played 51 games in Major League Baseball for the Chicago Orphans in 1902, primarily as a left fielder.
External links
1876 births
1950 deaths
Major League Baseball left fielders
Chicago Orphans players
Kansas City Blues (baseball) players
Denver Grizzlies (baseball) players
Kansas City Blue Stockings players
Omaha Indians players
Des Moines Prohibitionists players
Omaha Rangers players
Seattle Siwashes players
Wichita Jobbers players
Little Rock Travelers players
Dubuque Dubs players
Baseball players from Iowa |
The 2nd Punjab Regiment was a British Indian Army regiment from 1922 to the partition of India in 1947.
The regiment was formed by the amalgamation of other regiments:
1st Battalion, from the 67th Punjabis, formerly the 7th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry
2nd Battalion, from the 69th Punjabis
3rd Battalion, from the 72nd Punjabis
4th Battalion, from the 74th Punjabis
5th Battalion, from the 87th Punjabis
10th (Training) Battalion, formed by redesignation of 2nd Bn, 67th Punjabis
History
The first battalion was raised at Trichinopoly in 1761 as "Coast Sepoys". The first four battalions were raised during the hostilities in the Carnatic in south India between 1761 and 1776. The numbers and titles of the battalions changed during the successive reorganisations of the Madras Presidency Army and later of the Indian Army.
The regiment insignia is of a naval vessel, a galley. It was awarded to the 9th Madras Native Infantry in recognition of the readiness to serve overseas, after the battalion had fought in eight overseas campaigns by 1824.
Battle honours
The Great War: Loos, France and Flanders 1915, Helles, Krithia, Gallipoli 1915, Suez Canal, Egypt 1915–17, Gaza, Megiddo, Sharon, Nablus, Palestine 1917–18, Defence of Kut al Amara, Kut al Amara 1917, Baghdad, Mesopotamia 1915–18, Aden, E Africa 1914–17, NW Frontier India 1915 '16–17
Afghanistan 1919
Second World War: Keren, Ad Teclesan, Amba Alagi, Abyssinia 1940–41, Central Malaya, Ipoh, Singapore Island, Malaya 1941–42, North Africa 1940–43, Casa Bettini, Italy 1943–45, Buthidaung, Ngakedaung Pass, North Arakan, Imphal, Litan, Kanglatongbi, Tengnoupal, Tonzang, Kennedy Peak, Defence of Meiktila, Pyinmana, Burma 1942–45.
References
Military units and formations established in 1761
P
British Indian Army infantry regiments
Honourable East India Company regiments
Indian World War II regiments
R
Military units and formations in British Somaliland in World War II
R |
Thomas Incoom (born February 19, 1999) is an American football linebacker for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Valdosta State and Central Michigan.
Early life and high school
White grew up in Stone Mountain, Georgia and attended Stone Mountain High School. He committed to play football at Valdosta State.
College career
In his collegiate career he totaled 146 tackles, 45 being for a loss, 28.5 sacks, 2 pass deflections, 3 forced fumbles one going for a touchdown, and 5 forced fumbles. In the 2019 season he was named first team all GSC. His best collegiete year occurred in 2022 where he posted 57 tackles, 19 going for a loss, 11.5 sacks, 2 fumble recovery one going all the way for a touchdown, and a forced fumble. His efforts in the 2022 season resulted in him being named first team all-MAC.
Incoom was projected to be a 6th to 7th round pick in the 2023 NFL Draft.
Professional career
After not being selected in the 2023 NFL Draft, Incoom signed with the Denver Broncos as an undrafted free agent.
References
External links
Valdosta State Blazers bio
Central Michigan Chippewas bio
1999 births
Living people
Players of American football from DeKalb County, Georgia
American football defensive ends
Valdosta State Blazers football players
Central Michigan Chippewas football players
Denver Broncos players |
The 2022–23 season is Cliftonville's 133rd season in the top flight of the Northern Ireland Football League having never been relegated since the leagues formation in 1890. In addition to the domestic league, they will also compete in the Irish Cup, the League Cup and the County Antrim Shield.
Pre-season and friendlies
Cliftonville F.C. played a total of eight pre-season friendlies including one against Shamrock Rovers F.C.. Their main results are shown in the table below.
Competitions
Overall Record
Transfers
In
On Loan
Out
References
Cliftonville F.C. seasons
Cliftonville |
The 2009 Philippine Collegiate Championship was the second tournament of the Philippine Collegiate Championship (PCC) for basketball in its current incarnation, and the seventh edition overall. The champion teams from the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP), National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), the Cebu Schools Athletic Foundation, Inc. (CESAFI) and 3 other Metro Manila leagues took part in the final tournament dubbed as the "Sweet Sixteen". Other teams had to qualify in the zonal tournaments to round out the 16 teams in the tournament.
The Ateneo Blue Eagles defeated the FEU Tamaraws in the championship; the San Beda Red Lions and the San Sebastian Stags disputed third place, with San Beda winning.
ABS-CBN Sports was the coverage partner, with games airing on Studio 23.
Tournament format
Top 4 teams from the NCAA and the UAAP and the CESAFI qualify automatically to the national quarterfinals.
Fifth to sixth teams from the NCAA and UAAP qualify to the zonal qualifying games.
Champions from regional league qualify to the regional championship.
Best teams from the regional championship qualify for the zonal qualifying games.
Best seven teams from the zonal qualifying games qualify to the national quarterfinals
Teams are seeded 1 to 16th at the national quarterfinals in a single elimination format up to the Finals, which is a best-of-3 format, with a playoff for third.
Qualifying
Automatic qualifiers
Zonal qualifiers
Zonal qualifying
Bacolod zonal
Cebu City zonal
Intramuros, Manila zonal
Note: UM forfeited their Round of 16 place in favor of Lyceum as it was disqualified for fielding players who were not in the regular-season lineup.
San Miguel, Manila zonal
Naga zonal
Bracket
Finals
The Finals is a best-of-3 series. The team that wins two games first is named the champion.
Awards
The awardees are:
Most Valuable Player: Jai Reyes (Ateneo)
Mythical Five:
Eric Salamat (Ateneo)
Jai Reyes (Ateneo)
RR Garcia (FEU)
Bambam Gamalinda (San Beda)
Aldrech Ramos (FEU)
Best Coach: Norman Black (Ateneo)
Best Referee: Buddy Cortez
References
External links
Collegiate Champions League official website
2009
2009–10 in Philippine basketball leagues |
```c++
// Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// path_to_url
#include <libs/vmd/test/test_assert_is_array_fail4.cxx>
``` |
Hank Thompson may refer to:
Hank Thompson (baseball) (1925–1969), American third baseman
Hank Thompson (musician) (1925–2007), country music singer and songwriter
See also
Henry Thompson (disambiguation) |
The Jefferson Land Association Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Bristol, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
History and architectural features
It encompasses eighty-one contributing buildings that are located within five blocks of a primarily residential area of Bristol. Built between 1917 and 1918, they are two-story, brick rowhouse dwellings with flat roofs. They are characterized by a one-story, unifying front porch for all houses in a block. The second floor has a projecting, three-sided bay and each dwelling has a two-story rear ell. This district also includes five commercial buildings that are situated at the end of rows.
This district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
References
Historic districts in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Bucks County, Pennsylvania |
Party Wire is a 1935 drama film starring Jean Arthur and Victor Jory. It was based on the novel of the same name by Bruce Manning. In a small town, an overheard conversation on a telephone party line results in gossip that causes a great deal of trouble for a young woman and a wealthy man.
Plot
Matthew Putnam (Victor Jory) is summoned back to his small hometown of Rockridge by his aged, bedridden aunt Nettie (Helen Lowell) after seven years of enjoying himself in Europe, where he had been sent to study. She is tired and wants him to take charge of Putnam Dairies, the family business and the town's major employer. Every mother with a marriageable daughter is excited by the return of the wealthy young man, including Mathilda Sherman (Clara Blandick). However, Matthew shows no interest in Mathilda's daughter Irene (Geneva Mitchell).
When Matthew visits his good friend Will Oliver (Charley Grapewin), he is pleasantly surprised to see how grown up and beautiful Will's daughter Marge (Jean Arthur) has become. His reluctance to remain in town evaporates as he spends more and more time with herflirting with her at the bank where she works.
This does not sit well with Roy Daniels (Robert Allen). When Roy makes his bid for her affections, she turns him down, so he decides to leave for New York City the next day. Marge is up late at night trying to balance the church's finances, for which she and Roy are responsible. Finally, an irate Will calls over the shared telephone line (a "party line") and leaves an angry message for Roy to come over to straighten out the mess before he leaves town. However, telephone eavesdroppers misinterpret the message and assume that Roy has gotten Marge pregnant and is trying to leave town without marrying her.
Mathilda is delighted at the ostensible scandal and bullies her husband Tom (Oscar Apfel), the president of the Sherman Bank, into firing Marge. She also disqualifies Marge's winning entry in the prestigious annual flower show. Marge and Matthew are oblivious to the rumors. He asks her to marry him; she accepts, provided they elope the next day. When Matthew is late for their elopement, Marge assumes he believes the stories. Will, having discovered it was his call that started the whole mess, shoots himself, but botches his suicide and survives with only a minor head wound.
Marge and Mathew separately find out about the ugly stories being circulated about Marge. Matthew decides to teach the town a sharp lesson. He first transfers all his money out of the Sherman Bank, which would lead to its collapse, and orders the replacement of all 300 local workers with out-of-towners. Faced with the destruction of their community, the workers organize a meeting that Matthew attends in the new town hall. Before things get totally out of hand, Matthew's aunt Nettiewho hadn't left bed the last fifteen yearsshows up and gives the townsfolk a tongue-lashing for their malicious gossip by bringing up their own past misdeeds.
Everything is eventually straightened out and the couple sneak off to the nearby town Springfield to get married. However, the chastened townspeople have not changed their ways. A mock disagreement between the newlyweds about where they should spend their honeymoon is seen and misreported as a full-blown argument by Bert West.
Cast
Jean Arthur as Marge Oliver
Victor Jory as Matthew Putnam
Helen Lowell as Nettie Putnam
Robert Allen as Roy Daniels
Charley Grapewin as Will Oliver
Clara Blandick as Mathilda Sherman
Geneva Mitchell as Irene Sherman
Maude Eburne as Clara West
Matt McHugh as Bert West
Oscar Apfel as Tom Sherman
Robert Middlemass as Judge Steven Stephenson
Walter Brennan as Paul, Telegraph Operator (uncredited)
Louise Carter as Grandma Kern (uncredited)
External links
1935 films
American romantic drama films
American black-and-white films
Columbia Pictures films
Films based on American novels
Films directed by Erle C. Kenton
1935 romantic drama films
1930s American films |
Don McManus (born November 8, 1959) (sometimes credited as Don R. McManus) is an American character actor of film and television. He became better known after his performance as Duncan in the Seinfeld episode "The Race". Born in San Diego, California, he is a graduate of Yale University.
Career
McManus's film credits include Vice, Grand Piano, Under the Silver Lake, The Maze Runner, Lucky Bastard, Lovelace, Dark Around the Stars, For A Good Time, Call, Magnolia, The Shawshank Redemption, Under the Tuscan Sun, National Treasure, Hannibal, Air Force One, and The Congress.
His TV credits include Sorry For Your Loss, Mom, Supernatural, Castle, Justified, The Newsroom, 24, Northern Exposure, Franklin & Bash, NCIS, Private Practice, Parks and Recreation, Boston Legal, Grey's Anatomy, Dexter, Seinfeld, Frasier, Nip/Tuck, The Closer, CSI, Party of Five, Mad About You, Ally McBeal, Star Trek: Voyager, Malcolm in the Middle, Forever (2014 TV series), Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman, and ‘’The Rookie’’
Selected filmography
The Care Bears Adventure in Wonderland (1987) as The Caterpillar
The Bonfire of the Vanities (1990) as Bondsman
True Colors (1991) as Doug Stubblefield
Josh and S.A.M. (1993) as Calgary Airline Ofiicer
The Shawshank Redemption (1994) as Guard Wiley
Seinfeld (1994, TV Series) as Duncan Meyer
Air Force One (1997) as F-15 Leader Colonel Carlton
I'm Losing You (1998) as Jake Horowitz
Zack and Reba (1998) as Reverend Poole
Magnolia (1999) as Dr. Landon
Dropping Out (2000) as Mr. Flemington
The 6th Day (2000) as RePet Salesman
Hannibal (2001) as Asst. Mayor Benny Holcombe
Punch-Drunk Love (2002) as Plastic (voice)
Auto Focus (2002) as Priest
Under the Tuscan Sun (2003) as Nasty Man
National Treasure (2004) as Dr. Stan Herbert
Underclassman (2005) as Julian Reynolds
Ocean's Thirteen (2007) as Neil - The Pit Boss
Choose Connor (2007) as Daniel Norris
The Onion Movie (2008) as Dennis McCormick
The Coverup (2008) as Carl Rauff
Killshot (2008) as Nelson Davies
Kill Theory (2009) as Dr. Karl Truftin
Just Peck (2009) as Mr. Trustman
Cirque du Freak: The Vampire's Assistant (2009) as Mr. Shan
Little Fish, Strange Pond (2009) as Dennis Rivers
Letters from the Big Man (2011) as Forest Superintendent
Low Fidelity (2011) as Dick
For a Good Time, Call... (2012) as Scott Powell
Lovelace (2013) as Arty Shapiro
The Congress (2013) as Reeve Bobs (uncredited)
Dark Around the Stars (2013) as Brian
Grand Piano (2013) as Norman Reisinger
Under the Hollywood Sign (2014) as Robert
The Perfect 46 (2014) as Steve Heisman
Lucky Bastard (2014) as Mike
The Maze Runner (2014) as Masked Man
Grandma (2015) as Dad
Life is Strange (2015) as David Madsen
Park City (2015) as Charley
Paranormal Activity: The Ghost Dimension (2015) as Kent
Under the Silver Lake (2018) as Final Man
Vice (2018) as David Addington
The Rookie (TV Series, 2023) as Officer Chambers
References
External links
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
Male actors from San Diego
1959 births |
St. Grigor Church may refer to several former Armenian churches in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan:
St. Grigor Church (Chalkhangala), in Kangarli district
St. Grigor Church (Gal), in Julfa district
St. Grigor Church (Gomur), in Shahbuz district
St. Grigor Church (Kulus), in Shahbuz district |
The Companions of Jehu were formed in the Lyon region of France in April 1795 to hunt down Jacobins implicated in the Reign of Terror. It is possible that they were founded by the Marquis de Besignan, who also founded royalist underground groups in Forez and Dauphiné with the Prince of Condé in 1796. Their victims are believed to have numbered at least in the hundreds. They were made famous by the 1857 novel The Companions of Jehu by Alexandre Dumas which presented a highly romanticised account of them.
Origins of the name
Jehu is an Old Testament character, immortalised in Jean Racine's drama Athalie. Jehu was famous for killing Jezebel by having her thrown out of a window and stomping her to death. According to the Books of Kings, Jezebel was responsible for inciting her husband King Ahab to embrace the cult of Baal, outlaw the Jewish religion, and subject all suspected worshippers of the God of Israel to religious persecution and mass murder. She also brought false testimony against Naboth and had him killed, and was the cause of much violence and bloodshed. By analogy, Jezebel represented the Jacobin single party state, responsible for similarly persecuting the Catholic Church in France, using judicial murder against both real and imagined dissidents, and spreading violence and bloodshed through the Reign of Terror. By the same analogy, Jehu was the force of righteous retribution, come to restore the true religion, and kill Jezebel, her children and all those who had turned away from the God of Israel. The reference to Jehu was not universally understood however, and through misunderstanding, uncertain repetition and assimilation with the broader idea of religious restoration, many people referred to the Companions of Jesus instead of the Companions of Jehu, despite this name being essentially meaningless, as was pointed out by Louis Blanc.
The first reference to their existence appears in the records of the National Convention in a report presented on 25 June 1795 from Marie-Joseph Chénier on the recent killings in Lyons. His account says:
Activities
On 4 May 1795, 99 Jacobin prisoners were massacred in the town prisons by members of the companions. Over the following days the violence became more widespread and more murders took place as Jacobins were drowned, beaten to death and had their throats cut in their own homes or in the streets. The newspapers encouraged the murder of Terrorists and Drinkers of Blood, and a list of people to be targeted, ninety pages long, was published in Lausanne and openly circulated. This phase of the White Terror continued until the army re-established control and various ringleaders were arrested and brought before the criminal court of Isère. The number of victims of the Companions of Jehu is impossible to know, because there is no reliable way of distinguishing between organised murders and more chaotic lynchings.
An order of 23 May 1796 by General Mointchoisy directed that "to prevent the assassinations committed by the Companions of Jesus, it is forbidden to all citizens under any pretext whatsoever to carry swordsticks, throwing sticks, or batons weighted with lead or iron."
Questions over their existence
Some historians, including Jacques Godechot, have argued that the Companions of Jehu never actually existed. According to Lenotre, the Directory sought to identify and punish royalists, emigres and refractory priests, and actively looked for people associated with the Companions of Jehu. However although various criminals were arrested, none of them was a priest, emigre or royalist. All those arrested for murder and other serious crimes had been acting independently and there was no organised movement or any coordination between them. The tribunal, under Legris, concluded that there were no registers or membership lists for the Companions of Jehu. Later, under Louis XVIII, many royalists who had played very minor parts in resisting the revolution received pensions or decorations, but nobody ever came forward and claimed to have been a member of the Company of Jehu.
Les Compagnies du Soleil
While the Companions of Jehu were organised in and around Lyon, a similar group known as 'les Compagnies du Soleil' (The Companions of the Sun) formed and was active in Provence and Gard. The company's members considered it a sign of strength to carry the symbol of a splash of blood on their hands. During the White Terror a group of Jacobins was able to take control of the city of Toulon from 17 to 23 May 1795, and the Companions of the Sun were particularly associated with the repression and reprisals which took place after the army under General Pactod regained control of the city.
See also
1966 TV drama :fr:Les Compagnons de Jéhu (mini-série) (in French)
References
Organizations based in Lyon
French Revolution
French counter-revolutionaries
French monarchists
French Ultra-royalists
Political and cultural purges
Political repression in France
White Terror
1795 events of the French Revolution
1796 events of the French Revolution
French Roman Catholics |
Percivall Willughby (1596 – 1685) was an English physician and writer on obstetrics.
Life
Percivall Willughby was sixth son of Sir Percivall Willughby, of Wollaton Hall, Nottinghamshire, where he was born in 1596. Francis Willughby was his nephew. Percivall was educated at Trowbridge, Rugby, Eton, and Oxford, where he matriculated from Magdalen College on 23 March 1620–1, his age being given as twenty-two, and graduated BA on 6 July 1621.
In 1619 he was, at the suggestion of his uncle Robert Willughby, himself a medical man, articled for seven years to Feamer van Otten, after which he was to have joined his uncle; but Van Otten dying in 1624, Willughby soon after commenced practice for himself, and in 1631 he settled in Derby, where he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Francis Coke of Trusley, by whom he had two or three sons and two daughters.
On 20 February 1640–1 he was admitted an extra licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians. In 1655 he removed to London "for the better education of his children", but in 1660 he returned to Derby, where he resumed his practice as a physician, enjoying a high reputation throughout the neighbouring counties for his skill in obstetric operations. He deprecated the use of the crotchet, and, Chamberlen's secret of the forceps not having been as yet divulged, he endeavoured to overcome all difficulties by turning. At one period he was to some extent assisted by a daughter, whom he had trained as a midwife to ladies of the higher classes. He was a man of high culture, powerful intellect, and great modesty, scorning the secrecy which some of his contemporaries maintained as to their procedures; and though he committed to writing the conclusions at which he arrived after long years of study and observation, revising and transcribing the manuscripts in English and in Latin, he seems to have hesitated to the last at their publication, as if sensible of the want of some really scientific instrument (the forceps) for the perfection of his art. The earliest copy of his work is a closely written quarto, entitled Dni Willougbaei, Derbiensis, De Puerperio Tractatus, in the British Library Sloane MS. 529. The second, an amplification of this, and referred to by Dr. Denman in his Practice of Midwifery, was then in the possession of his friend Dr. Kirkland; while the third and greatly enlarged edition consisted of two exquisitely written copies in Latin and in English, which were afterwards the property of Dr. J. H. Aveling, the English version being in two parts, with the titles Observations in Midwifery and The Countrey Midwife's Opusculum or Vade-mecum, by Percivall Willughby, Gentleman. It was privately printed in 1863 by Henry Blenkinsopp, but a Dutch translation had been printed as an octavo at Leyden in 1764, though no copy is now to be had in Holland. He was the intimate friend of Harvey and of most of the scientific men of the century, and died on 2 October 1685, in the ninetieth year of his age, being buried in St Peter's Church, Derby, where within the rails of the chancel is a tablet to his memory.
References
Bibliography
Dunn, Peter M. (1997). "Dr Percivall Willughby, MD (1596–1685): pioneer "man" midwife of Derby". Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition 76(3): 212–213.
1596 births
1685 deaths
English obstetricians
People educated at Eton College |
Diboko Airport is an airstrip serving Diboko, a village in Kasaï Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
See also
Transport in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
List of airports in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
References
External links
OpenStreetMap - Diboko Airport
OurAirports - Diboko Airport
FallingRain - Diboko Airport
HERE Maps - Diboko Airport
Airports in Kasaï Province |
Alexander McGregor Hamilton (21 November 1937 – 3 November 2009) was a Scottish footballer who played as a wing half. He played for Accrington Stanley and York City in the English Football League.
Career
Born in Kirkcolm, Wigtownshire, Hamilton played for Drumore Juniors before joining Accrington Stanley in August 1957. After making 82 appearances in the English Football League he joined York City in March 1962. He finished the 1961–62 season with 11 appearances for York and he left the club to sign for Nelson in August. He later played for Clayton of the West Lancashire Football League and Poplar of the Accrington and District Combination. He died at Royal Blackburn Hospital, Blackburn, Lancashire on 3 November 2009 at the age of 71.
References
1937 births
2009 deaths
Scottish men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Accrington Stanley F.C. (1891) players
York City F.C. players
Nelson F.C. players
English Football League players |
This is a list of players in the Australian Football League (AFL) who have either made their AFL debut or played for a new club during the 2020 AFL season.
Summary
AFL debuts
Change of AFL club
See also
List of AFL Women's debuts in 2020
References
Full listing of players who made their AFL or club debut in 2020
Australian rules football records and statistics
Australian rules football-related lists
Debut |
2019 Indonesia Pro Futsal League will be twelfth season of Indonesia Pro Futsal League that organized by Indonesian Futsal Federation, as well as the fourth season of the futsal competition under the name "Pro Futsal League". Sixteen Indonesian futsal clubs will compete for this competition, with four clubs from the 2018 Nusantara Futsal League semi-finalists. Vamos Mataram are the defending champions from the last season. This season will start from 8 December 2018 until the final stage on 31 March 2019.
Teams
There are 16 futsal teams that will be competing in this season.
Group A
Group B
Schedules and venues
Eight venues in eight cities in Indonesia will host 2019 Indonesia Pro Futsal League from the group stage. Group stage will be held from 8 December 2018 until 24 March 2019, meanwhile the knockout stage will be held on 6 and 7 April 2019.
Meanwhile, the schedule of the Indonesia Pro Futsal League 2019 group stage is as follows below.
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Final Four stage
Final Four stage will be played on 30 and 31 March 2019.
All matches will be played ini TBA.
All times listed are UTC+7
Semi-finals
Third place match
Final
References
External links
Official website
Futsal leagues in Indonesia
2019 in Indonesian sport
2018 in futsal |
Brigette Barrager is an American illustrator and author of children's books.
She illustrated a biography of Fred Rogers, Fred's Big Feelings (Atheneum, 2020). It received a starred review from Kirkus Reviews.
Selected works
Twelve Dancing Princesses. Chronicle, 2011.
Vlad the Rad. Random House, 2019.
Harmony & Echo: The Mermaid Ballet. Random House Studio, 2023.
Authored by others
Uni the Unicorn by Amy Krouse Rosenthal. Random, 2014.
Louise Trapeze Is Totally 100% Fearless by Micol Ostow. Random, 2015.
Uni the Unicorn and the Dream Come True by Amy Krouse Rosenthal. Random House, 2017.
Pocket Full of Colors: The Magical World of Mary Blair, Disney Artist Extraordinaire by Amy Guglielmo and Jacqueline Tourville. Atheneum, 2017.
Fred’s Big Feelings: The Life and Legacy of Mister Rogers by Laura Renauld. Atheneum, 2019.
How to Be a Pirate by Isaac Fitzgerald. Bloomsbury, 2019.
The Nice Dream Truck by Beth Ferry. HarperCollins, 2021.
References
External links
Brigette Barrager books on Goodreads
Book reviews at Kirkus Reviews
Living people
American children's book illustrators
21st-century American writers
21st-century American women writers
American children's writers
American women children's writers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
The 2010 GP Miguel Induráin was the 57th edition of the GP Miguel Induráin cycle race and was held on 3 April 2010. The race started and finished in Estella. The race was won by Joaquim Rodríguez.
General classification
References
2010
2010 UCI Europe Tour
2010 in Spanish road cycling |
Agnes Grey, A Novel is the first novel by English author Anne Brontë (writing under the pen name of "Acton Bell"), first published in December 1847, and republished in a second edition in 1850. The novel follows Agnes Grey, a governess, as she works within families of the English gentry. Scholarship and comments by Anne's sister Charlotte Brontë suggest the novel is largely based on Anne Brontë's own experiences as a governess for five years. Like her sister Charlotte's 1847 novel Jane Eyre, it addresses what the precarious position of governess entailed and how it affected a young woman.
The choice of central character allows Anne to deal with issues of oppression and abuse of women and governesses, isolation and ideas of empathy. An additional theme is the fair treatment of animals. Agnes Grey also mimics some of the stylistic approaches of a bildungsroman, employing ideas of personal growth and coming of age.
The Irish novelist George Moore praised Agnes Grey as "the most perfect prose narrative in English letters," and went so far as to compare Anne's prose to that of Jane Austen. Modern critics have made more subdued claims admiring Agnes Grey with a less overt praise of Brontë's work than Moore.
Background and publication
The genesis of Agnes Grey was attributed by Edward Chitham to the reflections on life found in Anne's diary of 31 July 1845.
It is likely that Anne was the first of the Brontë sisters to write a work of prose for publication, although Agnes Grey, Wuthering Heights, and Jane Eyre were all published within the same year: 1847. Anne's novel was eventually published by Thomas Newby in a triple-volume format: Emily's Wuthering Heights made up the first two volumes (by virtue of it being the longer), while Agnes Grey made up the third.
The original edition of Agnes Grey, published in 1847, had numerous orthographic, punctuation, and other issues attributed to neglect by the publisher Newby. However, the second edition, published in 1850, had many changes after the careful editing of Charlotte Brontë.
Plot
Agnes Grey is the daughter of Mr. Grey, a minister of modest means, and Mrs. Grey, a woman who left her wealthy family and married purely out of love. Mr. Grey tries to increase the family's financial standing, but the merchant he entrusts his money to dies in a wreck, and the lost investment plunges the family into debt.
Agnes, her sister Mary, and their mother all try to keep expenses low and bring in extra money, but Agnes is frustrated that everyone treats her like a child. To prove herself and to earn money, she is determined to get a position as a governess. Eventually, she obtains a recommendation from a well-placed acquaintance, is offered a position, and secures her parents' permission. With some misgivings, she travels to Wellwood house to work for the Bloomfield family.
The Bloomfields are rich and much crueller than Agnes had expected. Mrs. Bloomfield spoils her children while Mr. Bloomfield constantly finds fault with Agnes's work. The children are unruly and Agnes is held accountable for them despite being given no real authority over them. Tom, the oldest Bloomfield child, is particularly abusive and even tortures small animals. In less than a year, Agnes is relieved of her position, since Mrs. Bloomfield thinks that her children are not learning quickly enough. Agnes returns home.
She then begs her mother to help her find a new situation. Agnes advertises and is given a position in an even wealthier family – the Murrays. The two boys, John and Charles, are both sent to school soon after her arrival, but the girls Rosalie and Matilda remain her charges. Matilda is a tomboy and Rosalie is a flirt. Both girls are selfish and sometimes unpleasant, and although Agnes's position is slightly better than it was at Wellwood house, she is frequently ignored or used in the girls' schemes.
Agnes begins to visit Nancy Brown, an old woman with poor eyesight who needs help reading the Bible; there Agnes meets the new curate, Mr. Edward Weston. The next day while on a walk Agnes is surprised by Mr. Weston, who picks some wild primroses for her. Agnes later saves one of the flowers in her Bible. She learns that his mother has died not long ago. This new friendship is noticed by Rosalie Murray, who has now entered into society and is a favourite with nearly all suitors in the county.
Rosalie becomes engaged to Sir Thomas Ashby, a wealthy baronet from Ashby Park. She tells Agnes, but makes her promise to keep silent, as she is still going to flirt with other men before she is married. One day, she and Agnes go on a walk and meet Mr. Weston. Rosalie begins to flirt with him, much to Agnes's chagrin.
Agnes receives a note from her sister Mary, who is now married to Mr. Richardson, a parson of a rectory near their home. Mary warns that their father is dying and begs Agnes to come. Agnes arrives too late to see her father alive. After his funeral, Agnes opens a small school with her mother, leaving behind the Murrays and Mr. Weston.
She receives a letter from Rosalie who is very unhappy in her marriage and asks Agnes to come for a visit. Agnes is shocked by the change in Rosalie from a merry girl to an unhappy young woman. Rosalie confides that she despises Sir Thomas Ashby (and her mother-in-law), and claims he only left London because he was jealous of all the gentlemen she was attracting. Agnes also hears that Mr. Weston has left the area, and she grieves, believing she will not be able to see him again.
Agnes leaves Ashby Park and returns home. Several months after she arrives, she goes for a walk on the sea shore and encounters Mr. Weston, who had been looking for her since he moved to the nearby parsonage.
He is introduced to Agnes's mother, and they forge a bond. Agnes finds her attraction to him growing, and she accepts when he proposes marriage. In the end, Agnes is very happy having married Edward Weston, and they have three children together.
Characters
Agnes Grey—Main protagonist and narrator of the story. She is the younger daughter of Richard Grey, and is determined to take care of herself, to save trouble for her mother.
Edward Weston—A country parson whom Agnes meets while visiting the poor near the Murray's estate. He and Agnes fall in love, but Agnes believes that he loves the beautiful Rosalie Murray. In the end, he and Agnes marry.
Richard Grey—Agnes’ father, a poor parson who loses his patrimony in a disastrous speculation which ruined his health.
Alice Grey—Agnes’ mother, a lady who left her family to marry Richard Grey, and who opens a school with Agnes after her husband's death.
Mary Grey—Agnes’ sister who later marries a parson, Mr. Richardson.
Mrs. Bloomfield—Mistress of Wellwood. Agnes’ first employer, she is convinced that her incorrigible children are really very good, and that Agnes is a bad example to them.
Mr. Bloomfield—Master of Wellwood. He is convinced that Agnes is not competent, and as a result, often watches her, scolding her for the misbehavior of the children, which she could not prevent.
Matilda Murray—The younger daughter of the Murray family. She is a tom-boy who has learned to swear from her father and the outdoors servant men. She does not want to learn anything, but is forced to by Agnes’ being there. She is very fond of horses and wants more than anything to go hunting with her father.
Rosalie Ashby (formerly Rosalie Murray)—The oldest Murray child, who makes Agnes a sort of confidant. She is a selfish girl who flirts with any man she comes in contact with. She is jealous of Agnes because of Edward Weston, even though she told Agnes that Mr. Weston was an “ugly blockhead.” She marries Sir Thomas Ashby because he is rich and has a title, and she adores Ashby Park. She later regrets her marriage, and becomes closer to Agnes.
John Murray—Older of the two Murray boys. He is sent to school about a year after Agnes comes to be his family's governess.
Charles Murray—The younger of the two Murray boys. He is sent to school about two years after Agnes comes to the Murray household.
Mr. Murray—Agnes's second employer. He is often out hunting, and has taught his daughter, Matilda to swear.
Mrs. Murray—Agnes's second employer's wife. She is a fashionable, showy woman who wants her daughters to marry well. Matilda drives her crazy because of her tom-boy ways. She convinces Rosalie that Lord Ashby's character is not as bad as is reported.
Sir Thomas Ashby—Rosalie's husband. He has a terrible character, which Rosalie knows about when she marries him. While he is always talking about different women, he gets furious and jealous if Rosalie mentions one other man.
Mr. Hatfield—Rector near the Murray's estate. He has an attraction to Rosalie because of her fortune, and she flirts with him for a while. When he proposes, she laughs at him, and he ends up marrying a rich older woman.
Nancy Brown—An older woman whom Agnes befriends. In her house, Agnes and Mr. Weston meet. She is a great admirer of Mr. Weston's.
Tom Bloomfield—The oldest Bloomfield child. He is cruel to animals, something Agnes tries to stop, but fails as he is encouraged by his parents and his uncle.
Mr. Richardson—A middle-aged parson. He marries Mary Grey.
Style
Agnes Grey has a "perfect" and simple prose style which moves forward gently but does not produce a sense of monotony. George Moore suggested that it conveyed a style with "all the qualities of Jane Austen and other qualities". Her style is considered both witty and apt for subtlety and irony.
Stevie Davies points to the intellectual wit behind the text:
Genre
Cates Baldridge describes Agnes Grey as a novel which "takes great pains to announce itself as a bildungsroman" but in fact never allows its character to grow up or transform for ideological reasons. Baldridge says the early emphasis on Agnes' bourgeois upbringing allows the reader to form the supposition that the transformative bourgeois class will develop an ideal person of virtue. However, Agnes stalls in her development because of the corrupted nature of the household in which she is employed. As a result, she becomes a static member of the bourgeois, ambivalent to the Victorian value of moral transformation in virtue.
Autobiographical novel
Agnes Grey is also an autobiographical novel with strong parallels between its events and Anne's own life as a governess; indeed, according to Charlotte Brontë, the story of Agnes largely stemmed from Anne's own experiences as a governess. Like Agnes, "dear, gentle" Anne was the youngest child of a poor clergyman. In April 1839, she took up a position as a governess with the Ingham family of Blake Hall, Mirfield, in Yorkshire, about 20 miles away from Haworth, to whom the Bloomfields bear some resemblance. One of the more memorable scenes from the novel, in which Agnes kills a group of birds to save them from being tortured by Tom Bloomfield, was taken from an actual incident. In December 1839, Anne, like Agnes, was dismissed.
Anne found a post at Thorp Green, Little Ouseburn, near York, around 70 miles away, just as Agnes' second position is further from home, with older pupils—Lydia Robinson, 15. Elizabeth, 13, and Mary, 12. There was also a son, Edmund, who was eight when Anne began working there in the spring of 1840. Anne's brother Branwell became his tutor in January 1843. The fictional Murrays of Horton Lodge echo the Robinsons; like the "dashing" Mrs. Murray, who "certainly required neither rouge nor padding to add to her charms", Mrs. Lydia Robinson was a handsome woman of 40 when Anne came to Thorp Green.
Stevie Davies remarks that Agnes Grey could be called a "Protestant spiritual autobiography". First, the book retains a sober tone, and Agnes displays a very strong Puritan personality reflected in her name. Agnes is derived from the Greek for chaste, hagne, and Grey commonly is associated with "Quakers and quietists to express radical dissociation from gaudy worldiness".
F. B. Pinion is of the opinion that Agnes Grey "is almost certainly a fictionalized adaptation of Passages in the Life of an Individual". However, he also points to several sections that are "wholly fictitious":
Themes
Social instruction
Throughout Agnes Grey, Agnes is able to return to her mother for instruction when the rest of her life becomes rough. F. B. Pinion identifies this impulse to return home with a desire in Anne to provide instruction for society. Pinion quotes Anne's belief that "All good histories contain instruction" when he makes this argument. He says that Anne felt that she could "Reveal life as it is...[so that] right and wrong will be clear in a discerning reader without sermonizing." Her discussion of oppression of governesses, and in turn women, can be understood from this perspective.
Oppression
Events representative of cruel treatment of governesses and of women recur throughout Agnes Grey. Additionally, Brontë depicts scenes of cruelty towards animals, as well as degrading treatment of Agnes. Parallels have been drawn between the oppression of these two groups—animals and females—that are "beneath" the upper class human male. To Anne, the treatment of animals reflected on the character of the person. This theme of oppression provided social commentary, likely based on Anne's experiences. Twenty years after its publication Lady Amberly commented that "I should like to give it to every family with a governess and shall read it through again when I have a governess to remind me to be human."
Animals
Beyond the treatment of animals, Anne carefully describes the actions and expressions of animals. Stevie Davies observes that this acuity of examination along with the moral reflection on the treatment of animals suggests that, for Anne, "animals are fellow beings with an ethical claim on human protection."
Empathy
Agnes tries to impart to her charges the ability to empathise with others. This is especially evident in her conversations with Rosalie Murray, whose careless treatment of the men who love her upsets Agnes.
Isolation
Maria H. Frawley notes that Agnes is isolated from a young age. She comes from a "rural heritage" and her mother brings up her sister and herself away from society. Once Agnes has become a governess, she becomes more isolated by the large distance from her family and further alienation by her employers. Agnes does not resist the isolation, but instead uses the opportunity for self-study and personal development.
Critical reception
Agnes Grey was popular during what remained of Anne Brontë's life despite the belief of many critics at the time that the novel was marred by "coarseness" and "vulgarity," but it lost some of its popularity afterwards because of its perceived moralising. However, in the 20th century, there was an increase in examination by scholars of Agnes Grey and of Anne Brontë. In Conversation in Ebury Street, the Irish novelist George Moore provided a commonly cited example of these newer reviews, overtly praising the style of the novel. F. B. Pinion agreed to a large extent that Agnes Grey was a masterwork. However, Pinion felt that Moore's examination of the piece was a little extreme and that his "preoccupation with style must have blinded him to the persistence of her moral purpose" of Agnes Grey.
References
Works cited
External links
1847 British novels
British autobiographical novels
British bildungsromans
Grey, Agnes
Novels by Anne Brontë
English novels
Grey, Agnes
1847 debut novels |
Tansin is a village in the Kombissiri Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 646.
References
Populated places in the Centre-Sud Region
Bazèga Province |
Union Street is a street in Government Center, Boston, Massachusetts, near Faneuil Hall. Prior to 1828, it was also called Green Dragon Lane.
Image gallery
See also
First Baptist Church (Boston, Massachusetts)
James Franklin (printer)
Green Dragon Tavern
New England Holocaust Memorial
Union Oyster House, i.e. Thomas Capen house
References
External links
https://www.flickr.com/photos/mit-libraries/3402036978/ 1957
https://www.flickr.com/photos/alakazoo/2311031679/ 2008
https://www.flickr.com/photos/51035558262@N01/2315411695 2008
Streets in Boston
History of Boston
Government Center, Boston |
The , or (English: Nannerl's Music Book) is a book in which Leopold Mozart, from 1759 to about 1764, wrote pieces for his daughter, Maria Anna Mozart (known as "Nannerl"), to learn and play. His son Wolfgang also used the book, in which his earliest compositions were recorded (some penned by his father). The book contains simple short keyboard (typically harpsichord) pieces, suitable for beginners; there are many anonymous minuets, some works by Leopold, and a few works by other composers including Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach and the Austrian composer Georg Christoph Wagenseil. There are also some technical exercises, a table of intervals, and some modulating figured basses. The notebook originally contained 48 bound pages of music paper, but only 36 pages remain, with some of the missing 12 pages identified in other collections. Because of the simplicity of the pieces it contains, the book is often used to provide instruction to beginning piano players.
Description of the
Originally the was a bound volume comprising forty-eight pages of blank music paper, with eight staves on each page. Inscribed with the words Pour le clavecin (French: For the harpsichord), it was presented to Nannerl on the occasion of her eighth name day on 26 July 1759 (or possibly her eighth birthday, which fell on the 30th or 31st day of the same month). Over the course of the next four years or so, the notebook was gradually filled with pieces written out by Leopold and two or three anonymous Salzburg copyists. Wolfgang is thought to have written out four pieces. Curiously none of the pieces were inscribed by Nannerl herself.
In later years, twelve individual pages were removed from the notebook for one reason or another. Of these, four are now considered lost, but the remaining eight have been identified by Alan Tyson:
two pages in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris;
one in the Museum Carolino Augusteum, Salzburg;
two in the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York City;
one in the Leipzig University Library, Leipzig;
one survives only as a facsimile and consists of the opening measures of K. 5b;
one, now in a private collection, consists of a single leaf containing the rest of K. 5b.
The four lost pages have been tentatively reconstructed using a variety of other sources (Nannerl's letters and Georg Nissen's biography of Mozart). It is believed that in its completed state the contained a total of 64 pieces (including exercises and unfinished compositions), of which 52 are in the surviving 36 pages of the book.
Wolfgang Plath (1982) has deduced the existence of five scribes, from a study of the handwriting in the . In addition to Leopold and Wolfgang, three anonymous scribes from Salzburg – known as Anonymous I, Anonymous II and Anonymous III – have been identified. Numbers 58 and 61, thought to be in the four missing pages, are known only from Nissen's material; Plath assumed that these two pieces were copied out by Leopold, who was responsible for more than half the contents of the .
The provides evidence of the collaboration between the young Wolfgang and his father. For example, number 48 is an arrangement of the third movement of Leopold's D major serenade, but the trio also appears as Menuet II in Wolfgang's Sonata K. 6.
The is also useful in providing evidence of Leopold's approach to teaching music. The tables of intervals show that he taught music theory to his children from the start. It seems that he also taught composition from the outset, by means of a given bass line, a melody to be varied, a melody to be continued, and a structural model.
The earliest compositions by Wolfgang are written in Leopold's hand; the father's gentle suggestions for amendments came later.
Wolfgang Mozart's compositions in the book
The contains the following pieces by Wolfgang:
Andante in C, K. 1a
This piece of music was probably Mozart's first composition. It is an extremely short piece, consisting of just 10 measures, and was notated by the composer's father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was only five years old when he composed it.
It is normally performed on the harpsichord and is in the key of C. The piece opens with a one-bar phrase in time, which is then repeated. A second, modified phrase receives the same treatment. The time signature then changes to and in the following four measures Mozart reverts to a typically Baroque style. The piece concludes with a simple authentic cadence.
Allegro in C, K. 1b
An extremely short work, consisting of only twelve measures. It was notated by Mozart's father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was only five years old when he composed it.
It is normally performed on the harpsichord, and is in the key of C. As the tempo indicates, it is a fast and lively piece. Unlike K. 1a, this piece is not based on repeated phrases. It begins with an ascending scale in the right hand from the dominant (G) to the mediant (E) on the first and third beats of the bars, while the left hand adds a counterpoint on the off beats. After reaching a peak, the right hand drops down in a series of quarter notes and eighth notes, accompanied by a very simple bass part. Curiously, the final cadence takes place between the eighth and ninth measures: in the last four measures, which make up a quarter of the entire composition, Mozart rings various changes on an unadorned C major triad.
Allegro in F, K. 1c
This piece, Allegro for keyboard in F, K. 1c runs to twenty-four measures (including repeats). It was composed by Wolfgang on 11 December 1761 in Salzburg. It was notated by Mozart's father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was just five years old at the time.
This piece was written for the harpsichord and is usually performed on that instrument today, though other keyboard instruments may be used. This Allegro is Mozart's earliest extant piece in F major. Like K. 1b, it is in a fast tempo. It is in rounded binary form, with repeat signs at the end of each of the sections: ||:A:||:BA:||, where A and B each consists of four bars. The music is simple and classical in style. This piece has been compared to a "jolly south German folkdance".
Minuet in F, K. 1d
The minuet in F is a very short piece (around a minute in length) in extended binary form. The first section is just eight measures long and the second section twelve; both are marked with repeat signs. K. 1d was notated by Leopold Mozart; Wolfgang was five years old when he composed this piece.
It was written for the harpsichord and is usually performed on that instrument, though other keyboard instruments may be used. This dance is Mozart's earliest extant composition in minuet form. As a minuet it is, by definition, stately in feeling and written in time. Like all Mozart's compositions in the , the clearest influences on the style are to be found in the pieces he was studying by Leopold Mozart and Georg Christoph Wagenseil.
It comprises several phrases each beginning with chords, after which broken chords and triplets are used.
Minuet in G, K. 1e
Another short piece, of 18 measures, it was probably notated by his father, Leopold Mozart, since Wolfgang was five or six years old at the time.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used. This minuet in G major is in Mozart's first collection of works. As a minuet, it is relatively fast in time. Unlike K. 1d, it is far less influenced by the baroque style.
It is largely constructed of phrases which are repeated: every two bars are announced by a descending fifth, after which 4 chords are played, a tune is constructed within this restraint. Each phrase is 8 bars long. In two-part harmony, it consists of 3 sections: the opening, a contrasting trio, and reprise of the original.
Minuet in C, K. 1f
A short piece (around a minute in length); it was probably notated by his father, Leopold, since Wolfgang was only five or six years old at the time.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used. This minuet is in Mozart's first collection of works. As a minuet it is relatively fast in time. It is, unlike K. 1d far less influenced by the baroque style.
It is largely constructed of phrases which are repeated: every two bars is announced by a descending fifth, after which 4 chords are played, a tune is constructed within this restraint. Each phrase is 8 bars long. In two part harmony, it consists of 3 sections: the opening, contrasting trio, and a reprise of the original. It was, in Köchel's first catalogue listed as K. 1 along with Minuet in G, K. 1e.
Minuet in F, K. 2
A very short work (around a minute in length); it was most likely notated by his father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was only five or six years old at the time. The entry for this work was composed in Salzburg in January 1762.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used.
This piece is a single bar motif which is developed into an eight-bar exposition, which is repeated, and then modulated for another eight bars before being repeated again.
Allegro in B-flat, K. 3
A very short, yet lively piece (around a minute in length); it was most likely notated by his father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was six years old at the time. The entry for this work states it was composed in Salzburg on 4 March 1762.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used.
Minuet in F, K. 4
A short minuet (around a minute in length); it was most likely notated by his father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was six years old at the time. The entry for this work states it was composed in Salzburg on 11 May 1762.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used.
Minuet in F "Triolen-Menuett", K. 5
Another short minuet, featuring triplets, the last in the ; it was most likely notated by his father, Leopold, as Wolfgang was six years old at the time. The entry for this work states it was composed in Salzburg on 5 July 1762.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used.
Klavierstück in C, K. 5a
A longer piece (around double the amount of time compared to that of other entries in the ); the first piece in the book to be inscribed by the young Wolfgang. The entry date for this work states it was composed in Salzburg, sometime during 1764; the precise date is not known.
It was written for the harpsichord and is hence usually performed on the harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used.
Andante in B-flat, K. 5b
The final surviving piece in the , of which only a fragment is left; notated again by Leopold. Estimated to be composed in Salzburg, around 1764.
It runs for 61 measures (including repeats) and usually performed on the Harpsichord, though other keyboard instruments may be used.
Table of contents
The following table summarizes the contents of the .
Notes
References
Eisen, Cliff, Mozart Studies 2, Oxford University Press, 1998,
Eisen, Cliff and Keefe, Simon P., The Cambridge Mozart Encyclopedia, Cambridge University Press, 2006,
Kenyon, Nicholas, The Faber Pocket Guide to Mozart, Faber and Faber Ltd. (2005),
Plath, Wolfgang, Neue Mozart-Ausgabe, Series IX/27: Klavierstücke, Band (Die Notenbücher) (1982)
Sadie, Stanley, Mozart; The Early years 1756-1781, Oxford University Press (2006),
Tyson, Alan, "A Reconstruction of Nannerl Mozart's Music Book (Notenbuch)" in Music & Letters, vol. 60, no. 4 (October 1979), pp. 389–400
Further reading
, Die Notenbücher der Mozarts als Grundlage der Analyse von W. A. Mozarts Kompositionen 1761-1767, Bärenreiter-Verlag Kassel, 2007, , online at www.mozartforschung.de
External links
Early keyboard works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1760s works |
Aminu Timberlake (born 1973) is an American basketball player who played in the NCAA with Kentucky Wildcats as a freshman, after having played in De LaSalle in his high school years.
After Kentucky, the 6'10" forward transferred in his sophomore year to Southern Illinois University. Upon graduation in 1995, Timberlake played professionally overseas for five years, in National Basketball leagues in Australia, New Zealand, China and in his final season 1998-1999 in the South Korea Basketball League in the LG Sakers before retiring from professional basketball.
In popular culture
Timberlake is famous for being stomped on by Duke star player Christian Laettner, in one of the most memorable NCAA basketball games of all-time, between the Kentucky Wildcats and the Duke Blue Devils in the 1992 Elite Eight. Officials declined to eject Laettner, instead only charging him with a technical foul, a decision especially controversial because Laettner went on to score 30 points, did not miss a shot during the entire game, and hit the game-winning basket with an overtime buzzer-beating shot in which Grant Hill threw a inbounds pass to Laettner, who converted it from the free throw line.
After many years of speculation about whether the stomping incident was an accident or an intentional foul, Laettner admitted during the airing of 30 for 30 documentary titled I Hate Christian Laettner broadcast in March 2015 on ESPN, that it was intentional. During the program, Laettner gave his reason for doing it, citing physical play by Timberlake particularly the latter's earlier fouls on him during the game. The former Duke center star also apologized to Timberlake over the incident.
Personal life
Timberlake is a devout Christian. He met his wife while both were studying in Southern Illinois University. He went on a mission trip to Zimbabwe, which helped strengthened his Christian faith. The couple has three girls. Timberlake remains a devout Christian today and is very active in North Atlanta Church of Christ where he also serves in a mentorship program of the church called Trail Guides.
After retiring from international basketball, Timberlake went on to work as a telecommunications executive in the Atlanta, Georgia. Besides his new professional career, he still finds time to coach youth basketball.
References
Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball players
1973 births
Living people
Basketball players from Chicago
American men's basketball players
Forwards (basketball) |
Rennard Cordon Davis (May 23, 1940 – February 2, 2021) was an American anti-war activist who gained prominence in the 1960s. He was one of the Chicago Seven defendants charged for anti-war demonstrations and large-scale protests at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago. He had a prominent organizational role in the American anti–Vietnam War protest movement of the 1960s.
In the early 1970s, Davis became a follower of Guru Maharaj Ji (Prem Rawat) and his Divine Light Mission. He began to travel as a spiritual lecturer. He also became a venture capitalist, and founded the Foundation for a New Humanity to combine these goals.
Early life
Davis was born in Lansing, Michigan, on May 23, 1940. His family moved to Berryville, Virginia, when he was in the seventh grade. His father, John, worked in nearby Washington, D.C., including as chief of staff to the Council of Economic Advisers under President Harry S. Truman. His mother, Dorothy, was employed as a schoolteacher. Davis studied at Oberlin College starting in 1958. After graduating, he went on to obtain a master's degree from the University of Illinois.
In the 1960s, Davis became active in the Students for a Democratic Society. He was the National Director of their project of community organizing programs (the Economic Research and Action Project, or ERAP) in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He became increasingly allied with anti-war groups, and helped organize protests and related events before and during the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago for the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam ("the Mobe").
Democratic Convention protests and subsequent trial
Davis was one of the principal organizers of the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam to plan anti-war protests at the 1968 Democratic National Convention. He negotiated unsuccessfully to gain a permit with Chicago city counsel David Stahl.
At a police riot in Grant Park on August 27, 1968, Davis was among protesters beaten by Chicago police officers, and he suffered a concussion.
The Chicago Eight (later known as the Chicago Seven) were eight men charged with conspiracy, inciting to riot, and other charges related to the nonviolent and violent protests that took place in Chicago. The original eight protester/defendants, as indicted by the grand jury on March 20, 1969, included Davis, Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, David Dellinger, Tom Hayden, John Froines, Lee Weiner, and Bobby Seale, a Black Panther leader.
During the early part of the trial, Seale's case was separated from the others. The Chicago Seven defense attorneys were William Kunstler and Leonard Weinglass of the Center for Constitutional Rights. The judge was Julius Hoffman. The prosecutors were Richard Schultz and Tom Foran. The trial began on September 24, 1969. On October 9, the Illinois National Guard was called in to join the Chicago police for crowd control, as demonstrations grew outside the courtroom. Davis was found guilty of inciting to riot and sentenced to five years imprisonment. His conviction was overturned on appeal.
At his testimony, given January 23, 1970, Davis related, for the Court, a speech he gave at the University of Chicago on November 20, 1967, and, by extension, his reasons for demonstrating at the Democratic National Convention. The suppression of his testimony led the defense to motion for a mistrial. During his speech, Davis held up a small green steel ball, about the size of a tennis ball, and described how 640 of them were dropped by an American F-105 fighter jet over Nam Ding, Vietnam.
Foran objected that the methods and techniques used during the Vietnam war had nothing to do with whether or not people in the United States had a right to travel in interstate commerce to incite a riot. The Court sustained the objection and Kunstler motioned for a mistrial.
Divine Light Mission
In the early 1970s, Davis became a follower of Guru Maharaj Ji (Prem Rawat). He was a spokesperson and speaker at the widely publicized Millennium '73 event organized by Divine Light Mission in the Houston Astrodome. He described the arrival of Guru Maharaj Ji as, Texas Monthly quoted Davis as stating: "This city is going to be remembered through all the ages of human civilization." An op-ed in the San Francisco Sunday Examiner speculated at the time as to whether Davis had undergone a lobotomy, and suggested, "If not, maybe he should try one."
Foundation for a New Humanity
Davis later became a venture capitalist and lecturer on meditation and self-awareness. He created the Foundation for a New Humanity, a technology development and venture capital company commercializing breakthrough technologies.
He appeared on Larry King Live, Barbara Walters, CNN, Phil Donahue, VH1, and other network television programs. He consulted and provided advice in business strategies for Fortune 500 companies.
Davis returned to Chicago for the 1996 Democratic National Convention to speak at the "Festival of Life" in Grant Park. He also appeared on a panel with activist Tom Hayden discussing "a progressive counterbalance to the religious right".
In a 2005 article published in the Iowa Source, Davis said:
Death
Davis died on February 2, 2021, at his home in Berthoud, Colorado. He was 80 and suffered from lymphoma, which was discovered only two weeks prior to his death.
Popular culture
Robert Carradine played Rennie Davis in the 1987 film Conspiracy: The Trial of the Chicago 8.
Davis voices himself in the 2007 animated documentary Chicago 10.
In the 2010 film The Chicago 8 Davis was played by Bret Harrison.
Alex Sharp portrayed Davis in the 2020 drama film The Trial of the Chicago 7.
See also
New Left
List of peace activists
Yippies
Notes and references
Further reading
Edited by Mark L. Levine, George C. McNamee and Daniel Greenberg / Foreword by Aaron Sorkin. The Trial of the Chicago 7: The Official Transcript. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020.
Edited with an introduction by Jon Wiener. Conspiracy in the Streets: The Extraordinary Trial of the Chicago Seven. Afterword by Tom Hayden and drawings by Jules Feiffer. New York: The New Press, 2006.
Edited by Judy Clavir and John Spitzer. The Conspiracy Trial: The extended edited transcript of the trial of the Chicago Eight. Complete with motions, rulings, contempt citations, sentences and photographs. Introduction by William Kunstler and foreword by Leonard Weinglass. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1970. .
Schultz, John. The Conspiracy Trial of the Chicago Seven. Foreword by Carl Oglesby. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020. . (Originally published in 1972 as Motion Will Be Denied.)
Chatfield, Charles, "At the Hands of Historians: The Antiwar Movement of the Vietnam Era", Peace & Change, Volume 29 Issue 3–4 p. 483. July 2004
Johns, Andrew L. "Northern Passage: American Vietnam War Resisters in Canada", Journal of Cold War Studies. Volume 5, Number 2, Spring 2003, pp. 86–89
Greenfield, Robert. The Spiritual Supermarket. Saturday Review Press/E. P. Dutton & Co. Inc, New York. 1975
External links
Video preview, 1974, Independent Video Archive (mediaburn.org), Lord of the Universe (documentary), Rennie Davis featured in clips
3-minute excerpt, Creative Commons License, Internet Archive
The Chicago Seven
The Chicago Seven Trial
UMKC Law site on Chicago Seven
with Rennie Davis by Stephen McKiernan, Binghamton University Libraries Center for the Study of the 1960s, October 10, 2009
1940 births
2021 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
American anti–Vietnam War activists
Businesspeople from Lansing, Michigan
Chicago Seven
Deaths from cancer in Colorado
Deaths from lymphoma
Oberlin College alumni
People from Berryville, Virginia
Prem Rawat
People from Berthoud, Colorado |
Marshall Abraham Shires (February 12, 1917 – July 23, 1993) was an American football player. He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers football team and was selected by the Central Press Association as a third-team tackle on the 1940 College Football All-America Team. During Shires' three years at Tennessee (1938-1940), the Volunteers compiled a 31-2 record, won three SEC championships and two national championships, and participated in the Orange, Rose, and Sugar Bowls. He was drafted by the Cleveland Rams with the 14th pick in the 1941 NFL Draft. However, due to military service during World War II, Shires did not make his debut in the National Football League until the 1945 NFL season and as a member of the Philadelphia Eagles. He was inducted into the Tennessee Sports Hall of Fame in 1995.
References
1917 births
1993 deaths
American football tackles
Philadelphia Eagles players
Players of American football from Chicago
People from Alderson, West Virginia
Players of American football from West Virginia
Tennessee Volunteers football players |
Sarojini Pillay is a Fijian academic of Indian descent. In the second week of February 2006, Pillay, a former Registrar of the University of the South Pacific (USP), was appointed as the first Registrar of the newly founded University of Fiji, scheduled to take up her duties on 13 March.
Pillay is a graduate of the Central Michigan University in the United States, the University of Madras in India, and the Fiji School of Agriculture. She first became Registrar of the USP in 1991, and after her retirement from this position she was approached by the new university to be its first Registrar.
Sources
Fiji Sun
Central Michigan University alumni
Pillay, Sarojini
Living people
Fijian Tamils
Academic staff of the University of the South Pacific
University of Madras alumni
Women academic administrators
Indian academic administrators
Fijian women
Fijian women academics
Fijian academic administrators
21st-century Fijian educators
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century women educators |
Cedric Lee Hayden (born August 4, 1934) is an American politician who was a member of the Oregon House of Representatives. His son, Cedric Ross Hayden, currently serves in the Oregon House of Representatives.
Born in Eugene, Oregon, Hayden was a dentist and attended the University of Oregon, Washington University School of Dental Medicine (DDS), and Loma Linda University (MPH).
References
1934 births
Living people
Republican Party members of the Oregon House of Representatives
Politicians from Eugene, Oregon
People from Linn County, Oregon
University of Oregon alumni
Washington University School of Dental Medicine alumni
Loma Linda University alumni
American dentists |
Liselotte is a feminine given name which may refer to:
childhood name of Elizabeth Charlotte, Princess Palatine (1652–1722), German princess, sister-in-law of King Louis XIV of France, and prolific letter writer
Liselotte Blumer (born 1957), Swiss retired female badminton player
Liselotte Grschebina (1908–1994), German-born Israeli photographer
Liselotte Herrmann (1909–1938), German Communist Resistance fighter executed by the Nazis
Liselotte Hopfer, German luger who won a silver medal at the 1935 European Championships
Liselotte Landbeck (1916–2013), Austrian figure skater and speed skater
Liselotte Neumann (born 1966), Swedish golfer
LiseLotte Olsson (born 1954), Swedish politician
Liselotte Olsson (born 1968), Swiss sprint canoer
Liselotte Pulver (born 1929), Swiss actress
Liselotte Richter (1906–1968), German philosopher and theologian
Liselotte Schramm-Heckmann (1904–1995), German painter
Liselotte, main character of the manga series Liselotte & Witch's Forest
See also
Lise-Lotte Rebel (born 1951), bishop of the Diocese of Helsingør in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Denmark
Feminine given names
German feminine given names
Swiss feminine given names |
Van Waeyenberge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Jozef Van Waeyenberge, Belgian businessman, brother of Piet
Piet Van Waeyenberge (born 1938), Belgian businessman
Surnames of Dutch origin |
Delosperma lehmannii is a succulent plant native to parts of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Sometimes called ice plant, it is grown as a decorative houseplant for its distinctive smooth, angular leaves. The specific epithet lehmannii honors the German professor of botany in Hamburg Johann Georg Christian Lehmann.
Delosperma lehmannii grows in the eastern coastal strip of the Cape Peninsula over an area of about 70 km2 between Coega and Port Elizabeth.
It grows on quartz soils in the Karoo. It tolerates aridity well and temperatures down to -5 °. Densely leafy, it forms a cushion with a tap root and some additional adventitious roots on sprawling, prostrate stems.
Although it has not yet been subjected to an evaluation by the IUCN, the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) has classified it as a species at extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. In 2006, of the six registered populations, four were extinct due to the urban expansion of Port Elizabeth; in one of the remaining sub-populations near Coega over 60% of the habitat had been lost to mining.
Description
Delosperma lehmannii is a compact plant with glaucous leaves with a characteristic triangular section.
It has numerous short, decombing shoots. All parts are hairless. The leaves are forked, at 3 angles. Leaves on shoots up to 4 cm long (mostly 20–25 mm long) and 8–10 mm wide and spaced apart. The flowers are approximately 4 cm in diameter. Six sepals. Translucent white to straw-colored petals, decreasing in length towards the center. Capsules: 6-8 chambers. Seeds: 0.9–1 mm in length, 0.6–0.75 mm wide.
References
House plants
lehmannii |
Liquid Kids is a 1990 platform arcade video game developed and published by Taito. Starring the hippopotamus Hipopo, players travel through the land of Woody-Lake throwing water bombs, jumping on and off platforms to navigate level obstacles while dodging and defeating monsters in order to rescue Tamasun from her captor, the Fire Demon. The game was ported to the PC Engine and Sega Saturn. Home computer versions were in development but none were officially released to the public.
Liquid Kids enjoyed success in arcades among players, garnering positive reception from critics, while its home conversions were also met with similarly positive response from gaming magazines who reviewed it as an import title.
Gameplay
Liquid Kids is a platform game where players assume the role of Hipopo, a hippopotamus who fights his way across various stages set in the land of Woody-Lake against enemies led by Fire Demon in search of his missing girlfriend Tamasun while rescuing other hippos along the way. Hipopo is armed with water bombs that can be thrown at enemies to soak and damage them. Once soaked, enemies can be kicked and destroyed completely. Undefeated enemies will dry out and recover after a short time period. Small plants also appear on certain levels which can be "watered", causing them to grow and creating new platforms. He can also collect cakes and other items to gain more points. Getting hit by enemies results in losing a life, as well as a penalty of lowering Hipopo's status to his original state. There is also an invisible time limit. If the player takes too long to complete the stage, a jingle will play along with "Hurry Up!" music and the screen will get dimmer, along with the little demon from the Hipopo and Tamasun cutscenes chasing the player until he catches them. The game is over once all lives are lost, unless players insert more credits into the arcade machine to continue playing.
Release
Liquid Kids was first released in arcades by Taito in August 1990, using the Taito F2 System board. The soundtrack was composed by Kazuko "Karu" Umino. On January 21, 1991, an album containing music from the game and Space Gun was co-published exclusively in Japan by Scitron and Pony Canyon. The title was first ported to the PC Engine by Taito and released exclusively in Japan on January 17, 1992. It is a faithful conversion that retains most of the gameplay elements from the arcade original but a number of graphical effects were removed such as the time transitions and parallax scrolling. This version would later be re-released for the Wii's Virtual Console in 2008. A near-arcade perfect port was developed and published by Ving for the Sega Saturn on October 22, 1998. It was also included in the Taito Legends 2 (Taito Memories 2 in Japan) for Xbox, PlayStation 2 and Microsoft Windows in 2006. The original arcade version is planned to be included as part of the Taito Egret II mini console. An Amiga port was completed by Ocean France, but not released by Ocean Software. Likewise, an Atari ST version was also in development but never released by Ocean. Liquid Kids was released on Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 as part of the Arcade Archives series in December 2021.
Reception
In Japan, Game Machine listed Liquid Kids on their November 15, 1990 issue as being the seventeenth most-successful table arcade unit of the month, outperforming titles such as Parodius! From Myth to Laughter and Magic Sword. The arcade original was also met with positive reception from critics since its initial release. The PC Engine conversion was met with positive reception from critics.
Legacy
Hipopo makes cameo appearances in Arkanoid vs. Space Invaders.
Notes
References
External links
Liquid Kids at GameFAQs
Liquid Kids at Giant Bomb
Liquid Kids at Killer List of Videogames
Liquid Kids at MobyGames
1990 video games
Arcade video games
Cancelled Amiga games
Cancelled Atari ST games
Nintendo Switch games
Platformers
PlayStation 4 games
Sega Saturn games
Taito arcade games
TurboGrafx-16 games
Virtual Console games
Video games developed in Japan
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Hamster Corporation games |
```yaml
{{- /*
*/}}
{{- if .Values.gateway.enabled }}
apiVersion: {{ template "common.capabilities.deployment.apiVersion" . }}
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: {{ include "grafana-mimir.gateway.fullname" . }}
namespace: {{ include "common.names.namespace" . | quote }}
{{- $versionLabel := dict "app.kubernetes.io/version" ( include "common.images.version" ( dict "imageRoot" .Values.gateway.image "chart" .Chart ) ) }}
{{- $labels := include "common.tplvalues.merge" ( dict "values" ( list .Values.commonLabels $versionLabel ) "context" . ) }}
labels: {{- include "common.labels.standard" ( dict "customLabels" $labels "context" $ ) | nindent 4 }}
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: grafana-mimir
app.kubernetes.io/component: gateway
{{- if .Values.commonAnnotations }}
annotations: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" ( dict "value" .Values.commonAnnotations "context" $ ) | nindent 4 }}
{{- end }}
spec:
replicas: {{ .Values.gateway.replicaCount }}
{{- $podLabels := include "common.tplvalues.merge" ( dict "values" ( list .Values.gateway.podLabels .Values.commonLabels $versionLabel ) "context" . ) }}
selector:
matchLabels: {{- include "common.labels.matchLabels" ( dict "customLabels" $podLabels "context" $ ) | nindent 6 }}
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: grafana-mimir
app.kubernetes.io/component: gateway
{{- if .Values.gateway.updateStrategy }}
strategy: {{- toYaml .Values.gateway.updateStrategy | nindent 4 }}
{{- end }}
template:
metadata:
labels: {{- include "common.labels.standard" ( dict "customLabels" $podLabels "context" $ ) | nindent 8 }}
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: grafana-mimir
app.kubernetes.io/component: gateway
annotations:
checksum/configmap: {{ include (print $.Template.BasePath "/gateway/configmap-http.yaml") . | sha256sum }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.podAnnotations }}
{{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.podAnnotations "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
spec:
{{- include "grafana-mimir.imagePullSecrets" . | nindent 6 }}
automountServiceAccountToken: {{ .Values.gateway.automountServiceAccountToken }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.hostAliases }}
hostAliases: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.hostAliases "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.affinity }}
affinity: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.affinity "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- else }}
affinity:
podAffinity: {{- include "common.affinities.pods" (dict "type" .Values.gateway.podAffinityPreset "component" "gateway" "customLabels" $podLabels "context" $) | nindent 10 }}
podAntiAffinity: {{- include "common.affinities.pods" (dict "type" .Values.gateway.podAntiAffinityPreset "component" "gateway" "customLabels" $podLabels "context" $) | nindent 10 }}
nodeAffinity: {{- include "common.affinities.nodes" (dict "type" .Values.gateway.nodeAffinityPreset.type "key" .Values.gateway.nodeAffinityPreset.key "values" .Values.gateway.nodeAffinityPreset.values) | nindent 10 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.nodeSelector }}
nodeSelector: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.nodeSelector "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.tolerations }}
tolerations: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.tolerations "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.topologySpreadConstraints }}
topologySpreadConstraints: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.topologySpreadConstraints "context" .) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.priorityClassName }}
priorityClassName: {{ .Values.gateway.priorityClassName | quote }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.schedulerName }}
schedulerName: {{ .Values.gateway.schedulerName }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.podSecurityContext.enabled }}
securityContext: {{- include "common.compatibility.renderSecurityContext" (dict "secContext" .Values.gateway.podSecurityContext "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.initContainers }}
initContainers: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.initContainers "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
containers:
- name: gateway
image: {{ include "grafana-mimir.gateway.image" . }}
imagePullPolicy: {{ .Values.gateway.image.pullPolicy | quote }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.containerSecurityContext.enabled }}
securityContext: {{- include "common.compatibility.renderSecurityContext" (dict "secContext" .Values.gateway.containerSecurityContext "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.diagnosticMode.enabled }}
command: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.diagnosticMode.command "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- else if .Values.gateway.command }}
command: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.command "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- else }}
command:
- /bin/bash
- -ec
- |
# Generate resolver data
echo resolver $(awk 'BEGIN{ORS=" "} $1=="nameserver" {print $2}' /etc/resolv.conf) ";" > /opt/bitnami/nginx/conf/resolvers.conf
/opt/bitnami/scripts/nginx/entrypoint.sh /opt/bitnami/scripts/nginx/run.sh
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.diagnosticMode.enabled }}
args: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.diagnosticMode.args "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- else if .Values.gateway.args }}
args: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.args "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- end }}
env:
- name: BITNAMI_DEBUG
value: {{ ternary "true" "false" .Values.gateway.image.debug | quote }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.extraEnvVars }}
{{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.extraEnvVars "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- end }}
envFrom:
{{- if .Values.gateway.extraEnvVarsCM }}
- configMapRef:
name: {{ include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.extraEnvVarsCM "context" $) }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.extraEnvVarsSecret }}
- secretRef:
name: {{ include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.extraEnvVarsSecret "context" $) }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.lifecycleHooks }}
lifecycle: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.lifecycleHooks "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- end }}
ports:
- containerPort: {{ .Values.gateway.containerPorts.http }}
name: http
{{- if not .Values.diagnosticMode.enabled }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.customStartupProbe }}
startupProbe: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.customStartupProbe "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- else if .Values.gateway.startupProbe.enabled }}
startupProbe: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" (omit .Values.gateway.startupProbe "enabled") "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
tcpSocket:
port: http
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.customLivenessProbe }}
livenessProbe: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.customLivenessProbe "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- else if .Values.gateway.livenessProbe.enabled }}
livenessProbe: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" (omit .Values.gateway.livenessProbe "enabled") "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
tcpSocket:
port: http
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.customReadinessProbe }}
readinessProbe: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.customReadinessProbe "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- else if .Values.gateway.readinessProbe.enabled }}
readinessProbe: {{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" (omit .Values.gateway.readinessProbe "enabled") "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
httpGet:
path: /
port: http
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.resources }}
resources: {{- toYaml .Values.gateway.resources | nindent 12 }}
{{- else if ne .Values.gateway.resourcesPreset "none" }}
resources: {{- include "common.resources.preset" (dict "type" .Values.gateway.resourcesPreset) | nindent 12 }}
{{- end }}
volumeMounts:
- name: empty-dir
mountPath: /tmp
subPath: tmp-dir
- name: empty-dir
mountPath: /opt/bitnami/nginx/conf
subPath: app-conf-dir
- name: config
mountPath: /opt/bitnami/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
subPath: nginx.conf
{{- if .Values.gateway.auth.enabled }}
- name: htpasswd
mountPath: /bitnami/nginx/secrets/
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.extraVolumeMounts }}
{{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.extraVolumeMounts "context" $) | nindent 12 }}
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.sidecars }}
{{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.sidecars "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
volumes:
- name: empty-dir
emptyDir: {}
- name: config
configMap:
name: {{ include "grafana-mimir.gateway.fullname" . }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.auth.enabled }}
- name: htpasswd
secret:
secretName: {{ include "grafana-mimir.gateway.secretName" . }}
items:
- key: htpasswd
path: .htpasswd
{{- end }}
{{- if .Values.gateway.extraVolumes }}
{{- include "common.tplvalues.render" (dict "value" .Values.gateway.extraVolumes "context" $) | nindent 8 }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}
``` |
Saint Pantaleon ( ; "all-compassionate"), counted in Western Christianity as among the Fourteen Holy Helpers of the Late Middle Ages, and in Eastern Christianity as one of the Holy Unmercenary Healers, was a martyr of Nicomedia in Bithynia during the Diocletianic Persecution of 305 AD.
Though there is evidence to suggest that a martyr named Pantaleon existed, some consider the stories of his life and death to be purely legendary.
Life of Pantaleon
According to the martyrologies, Pantaleon was the son of a rich pagan, Eustorgius of Nicomedia, and had been instructed in Christianity by his Christian mother, Saint Eubula; however, after her death he fell away from the Christian church, while he studied medicine with a renowned physician Euphrosinos; under the patronage of Euphrosinos he became physician to the emperor, Galerius.
He was won back to Christianity by Saint Hermolaus (characterized as a bishop of the church at Nicomedia in the later literature), who convinced him that Christ was the better physician, signalling the significance of the exemplum of Pantaleon that faith is to be trusted over medical advice.
St. Alphonsus Liguori wrote regarding this incident:
He studied medicine with such success, that the Emperor Maximian appointed him his physician. One day as our saint was discoursing with a holy priest named Hermolaus, the latter, after praising the study of medicine, concluded thus: "But, my friend, of what use are all thy acquirements in this art, since thou art ignorant of the science of salvation?
By miraculously healing a blind man by invoking the name of Jesus over him, Pantaleon converted his father, upon whose death he came into possession of a large fortune. He freed his slaves and, distributing his wealth among the poor, developed a great reputation in Nicomedia. Envious colleagues denounced him to the emperor during the Diocletian persecution. The emperor wished to save him and sought to persuade him to apostasy. Pantaleon, however, openly confessed his faith, and as proof that Christ was the true God, he healed a paralytic. Notwithstanding this, he was condemned to death by the emperor, who regarded the miracle as an exhibition of magic.
According to the legend, Pantaleon's flesh was first burned with torches, whereupon Christ appeared to all in the form of Hermolaus to strengthen and heal Pantaleon. The torches were extinguished. Then a bath of molten lead was prepared; when the apparition of Christ stepped into the cauldron with him, the fire went out and the lead became cold. Pantaleon was now thrown into the sea, loaded with a great stone, which floated. He was thrown to wild beasts, but these fawned upon him and could not be forced away until he had blessed them. He was bound on the wheel, but the ropes snapped, and the wheel broke. An attempt was made to behead him, but the sword bent, and the executioners were converted to Christianity.
Pantaleon implored Heaven to forgive them, for which reason he also received the name of Panteleimon ("mercy for everyone" or "all-compassionate"). It was not until he himself desired it that it was possible to behead him, upon which there issued forth blood and a white liquid like milk.
St. Alphonsus wrote:
At Ravello, a city in the kingdom of Naples, there is a vial of his blood, which becomes blood every year [on his feastday], and may be seen in this state interspersed with the milk, as I, the author of this work, have seen it.
Early veneration
The vitae containing these miraculous features are all late in date and "valueless" according to the Catholic Encyclopedia. Yet the fact of his martyrdom itself seems to be supported by a veneration for which there is testimony in the 5th century, among others in a sermon on the martyrs by Theodoret (died c. 457); Procopius of Caesarea (died c. 565?), writing on the churches and shrines constructed by Justinian I tells that the emperor rebuilt the shrine to Pantaleon at Nicomedia; and there is mention of Pantaleon in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum.
Veneration in the East
The Eastern tradition concerning Pantaleon follows more or less the medieval Western hagiography, but lacks any mention of a visible apparition of Christ. It states instead that Hermolaus was still alive while Pantaleon's torture was under way, but was martyred himself only shortly before Pantaleon's beheading along with two companions, Hermippas and Thermocrates. The saint is canonically depicted as a beardless young man with a full head of curly hair.
Pantaleon's relics, venerated at Nicomedia, were transferred to Constantinople. Numerous churches, shrines, and monasteries have been named for him; in the West most often as St. Pantaleon and in the East as St. Panteleimon; to him is consecrated the St. Panteleimon Monastery at Mount Athos, Agios Panteleimon Monastery in Crete, St Panteleimon monastery in Myrtou, Cyprus, and the 12th-century Church of St. Panteleimon in Gorno Nerezi, North Macedonia.
According to Movses Kaghankatvatsi, his relics were brought to church built in the town of Tsri (then Caucasian Albania, near modern Barda, Azerbaijan) by St. Grigoris. Catholicos Lazar of Albania built Church of St. Pantaleon in his honor in Beghame'j (near modern Ağcabədi, Azerbaijan). King Vachagan III of Albania rediscovered his remains and interred them in the Amaras Monastery, located in modern Nagorno Karabakh and named his firstborn son after the saint.
Veneration in Western Europe
After the Black Death of the mid-14th century in Western Europe, as a patron saint of physicians and midwives, he came to be regarded as one of the fourteen guardian martyrs, the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Relics of the saint are found at Saint Denis at Paris; his head is venerated at Lyon. A Romanesque church was dedicated to him in Cologne in the 9th century at the latest.
England
In the British Library there is a surviving manuscript, written in Old English, of The Life of St Pantaleon (British Library, MS Cotton Vitellius D XVII), dating from the early eleventh century, possibly written for Abbot Ælfric of Eynsham. The Canons' Vestry off the south transept of Chichester Cathedral was formerly a square-plan chapel dedicated to Saint Pantaleon - it was possibly under construction just before the cathedral's great fire of 1187.
France
In France, he was depicted in a window in Chartres Cathedral. In southern France there are six communes under the protective name of Saint-Pantaléon. Though there are individual churches consecrated to him elsewhere, there are no communes named for him in the north or northwest of France. The six are:
Saint-Pantaléon, in the Lot département, Midi-Pyrénées
Saint-Pantaléon, in the Vaucluse département, Provence - a wine-growing village
Saint-Pantaléon-de-Lapleau, in the Corrèze département, Limousin
Saint-Pantaléon-de-Larche, in the Corrèze département, at the border of Périgord and Quercy
Saint-Pantaléon-les-Vignes, in the Drôme département, Rhône-Alpes – a wine-growing village that is part of the Côtes du Rhône vineyard region
Saint-Pantaléon, in the Saône-et-Loire département, Bourgogne – administratively linked to Autun, bishopric see
Germany
In Cologne a 10th-century Romanesque church, partly built by the daughter of the Byzantine emperor, Theophanu, who married the Holy Roman Emperor Otto II in 972
Saint Pantaleon, in Cologne
At the Basilica of the Vierzehnheiligen near Staffelstein in Franconia, St. Pantaleon is venerated with his hands nailed to his head, reflecting another legend about his death.
Italy
In Italy, San San Pantalon Pantalon gives favourable lottery numbers, victories and winners in dreams. A phial containing some of his blood was long preserved at Ravello. On the feast day of the saint, the blood was said to become fluid and to bubble (compare Saint Januarius). Paolo Veronese's painting of Pantaleon can be found in the church of San Pantalon in Venice; it shows the saint healing a child. Another painting of Pantaleon by Fumiani is also in the same church. He was depicted in an 8th-century fresco in Santa Maria Antiqua in Rome, and in a 10th-century cycle of pictures in the crypt of San Crisogono in Rome. In Calabria, there is a small town named Papanice, after Pantaleon. Each year on his feast day, a statue of the saint is carried through the town to give a blessing for all those who seek it.
San Pantaleone or Pantalon was a popular saint in Venice, and he therefore gave his name to a character in the commedia dell'arte, Pantalon, a silly, wizened old man (Shakespeare's "lean and slippered Pantaloon") who was a caricature of Venetians. This character was portrayed as wearing trousers rather than knee breeches, and so became the origin of the name of a type of trouser called "pantaloons," which was later shortened to "pants".
Portugal
Saint Pantaleon (São Pantaleão in Portuguese) is one of the patron saints of the city of Porto in Portugal, together with John the Baptist and Our Lady of Vendome. Part of his relics were brought by Armenian refugees to the city after the Turkish occupation of Constantinople in 1453. Later, in 1499, these relics were transferred from the Church of Saint Peter of Miragaia to the cathedral, where they have been kept to this day.
Eponym
Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias, the first European known to have sailed around the Cape of Good Hope, took a ship named São Pantaleão on that expedition.
The Russian battleship Potemkin was renamed Panteleimon after her recovery after the mutiny of 1905
St. Pantaleon is the eponym of the character Pantalaimon in Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials series of novels
See also
Saint Pantaleon, patron saint archive
References
External links
Life of St Panteleimon with a portrait in the traditional icon style
Les Petits Bollandistes: Vies des Saints, Paul Guérin, (Bloud et Barral: Paris, 1882), Vol. 9 Hagiography for children (in English)
St. Panteleimon
Gandzasar Monastery, Nagorno Karabakh
Crowley, John (1994). Aegypt (Bantam trade paperback ed.). New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-37430-3.
275 births
305 deaths
4th-century Christian martyrs
4th-century Romans
Fourteen Holy Helpers
Holy Unmercenaries
People whose existence is disputed
Saints from Roman Anatolia
Miracle workers
Christians martyred during the reign of Diocletian |
```objective-c
#import "GPUImageSoftLightBlendFilter.h"
#if TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR || TARGET_OS_IPHONE
NSString *const kGPUImageSoftLightBlendFragmentShaderString = SHADER_STRING
(
varying highp vec2 textureCoordinate;
varying highp vec2 textureCoordinate2;
uniform sampler2D inputImageTexture;
uniform sampler2D inputImageTexture2;
void main()
{
mediump vec4 base = texture2D(inputImageTexture, textureCoordinate);
mediump vec4 overlay = texture2D(inputImageTexture2, textureCoordinate2);
lowp float alphaDivisor = base.a + step(base.a, 0.0); // Protect against a divide-by-zero blacking out things in the output
gl_FragColor = base * (overlay.a * (base / alphaDivisor) + (2.0 * overlay * (1.0 - (base / alphaDivisor)))) + overlay * (1.0 - base.a) + base * (1.0 - overlay.a);
}
);
#else
NSString *const kGPUImageSoftLightBlendFragmentShaderString = SHADER_STRING
(
varying vec2 textureCoordinate;
varying vec2 textureCoordinate2;
uniform sampler2D inputImageTexture;
uniform sampler2D inputImageTexture2;
void main()
{
vec4 base = texture2D(inputImageTexture, textureCoordinate);
vec4 overlay = texture2D(inputImageTexture2, textureCoordinate2);
float alphaDivisor = base.a + step(base.a, 0.0); // Protect against a divide-by-zero blacking out things in the output
gl_FragColor = base * (overlay.a * (base / alphaDivisor) + (2.0 * overlay * (1.0 - (base / alphaDivisor)))) + overlay * (1.0 - base.a) + base * (1.0 - overlay.a);
}
);
#endif
@implementation GPUImageSoftLightBlendFilter
- (id)init;
{
if (!(self = [super initWithFragmentShaderFromString:kGPUImageSoftLightBlendFragmentShaderString]))
{
return nil;
}
return self;
}
@end
``` |
```c++
// Locale support -*- C++ -*-
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
// <path_to_url
/** @file bits/locale_facets_nonio.tcc
* This is an internal header file, included by other library headers.
* Do not attempt to use it directly. @headername{locale}
*/
#ifndef _LOCALE_FACETS_NONIO_TCC
#define _LOCALE_FACETS_NONIO_TCC 1
#pragma GCC system_header
namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
template<typename _CharT, bool _Intl>
struct __use_cache<__moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl> >
{
const __moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl>*
operator() (const locale& __loc) const
{
const size_t __i = moneypunct<_CharT, _Intl>::id._M_id();
const locale::facet** __caches = __loc._M_impl->_M_caches;
if (!__caches[__i])
{
__moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl>* __tmp = 0;
__try
{
__tmp = new __moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl>;
__tmp->_M_cache(__loc);
}
__catch(...)
{
delete __tmp;
__throw_exception_again;
}
__loc._M_impl->_M_install_cache(__tmp, __i);
}
return static_cast<
const __moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl>*>(__caches[__i]);
}
};
template<typename _CharT, bool _Intl>
void
__moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl>::_M_cache(const locale& __loc)
{
const moneypunct<_CharT, _Intl>& __mp =
use_facet<moneypunct<_CharT, _Intl> >(__loc);
_M_decimal_point = __mp.decimal_point();
_M_thousands_sep = __mp.thousands_sep();
_M_frac_digits = __mp.frac_digits();
char* __grouping = 0;
_CharT* __curr_symbol = 0;
_CharT* __positive_sign = 0;
_CharT* __negative_sign = 0;
__try
{
const string& __g = __mp.grouping();
_M_grouping_size = __g.size();
__grouping = new char[_M_grouping_size];
__g.copy(__grouping, _M_grouping_size);
_M_use_grouping = (_M_grouping_size
&& static_cast<signed char>(__grouping[0]) > 0
&& (__grouping[0]
!= __gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<char>::__max));
const basic_string<_CharT>& __cs = __mp.curr_symbol();
_M_curr_symbol_size = __cs.size();
__curr_symbol = new _CharT[_M_curr_symbol_size];
__cs.copy(__curr_symbol, _M_curr_symbol_size);
const basic_string<_CharT>& __ps = __mp.positive_sign();
_M_positive_sign_size = __ps.size();
__positive_sign = new _CharT[_M_positive_sign_size];
__ps.copy(__positive_sign, _M_positive_sign_size);
const basic_string<_CharT>& __ns = __mp.negative_sign();
_M_negative_sign_size = __ns.size();
__negative_sign = new _CharT[_M_negative_sign_size];
__ns.copy(__negative_sign, _M_negative_sign_size);
_M_pos_format = __mp.pos_format();
_M_neg_format = __mp.neg_format();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ct = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
__ct.widen(money_base::_S_atoms,
money_base::_S_atoms + money_base::_S_end, _M_atoms);
_M_grouping = __grouping;
_M_curr_symbol = __curr_symbol;
_M_positive_sign = __positive_sign;
_M_negative_sign = __negative_sign;
_M_allocated = true;
}
__catch(...)
{
delete [] __grouping;
delete [] __curr_symbol;
delete [] __positive_sign;
delete [] __negative_sign;
__throw_exception_again;
}
}
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_LDBL_OR_CXX11
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
template<bool _Intl>
_InIter
money_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
_M_extract(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, string& __units) const
{
typedef char_traits<_CharT> __traits_type;
typedef typename string_type::size_type size_type;
typedef money_base::part part;
typedef __moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl> __cache_type;
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
__use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
const char_type* __lit = __lc->_M_atoms;
// Deduced sign.
bool __negative = false;
// Sign size.
size_type __sign_size = 0;
// True if sign is mandatory.
const bool __mandatory_sign = (__lc->_M_positive_sign_size
&& __lc->_M_negative_sign_size);
// String of grouping info from thousands_sep plucked from __units.
string __grouping_tmp;
if (__lc->_M_use_grouping)
__grouping_tmp.reserve(32);
// Last position before the decimal point.
int __last_pos = 0;
// Separator positions, then, possibly, fractional digits.
int __n = 0;
// If input iterator is in a valid state.
bool __testvalid = true;
// Flag marking when a decimal point is found.
bool __testdecfound = false;
// The tentative returned string is stored here.
string __res;
__res.reserve(32);
const char_type* __lit_zero = __lit + money_base::_S_zero;
const money_base::pattern __p = __lc->_M_neg_format;
for (int __i = 0; __i < 4 && __testvalid; ++__i)
{
const part __which = static_cast<part>(__p.field[__i]);
switch (__which)
{
case money_base::symbol:
// According to 22.2.6.1.2, p2, symbol is required
// if (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase), otherwise
// is optional and consumed only if other characters
// are needed to complete the format.
if (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase || __sign_size > 1
|| __i == 0
|| (__i == 1 && (__mandatory_sign
|| (static_cast<part>(__p.field[0])
== money_base::sign)
|| (static_cast<part>(__p.field[2])
== money_base::space)))
|| (__i == 2 && ((static_cast<part>(__p.field[3])
== money_base::value)
|| (__mandatory_sign
&& (static_cast<part>(__p.field[3])
== money_base::sign)))))
{
const size_type __len = __lc->_M_curr_symbol_size;
size_type __j = 0;
for (; __beg != __end && __j < __len
&& *__beg == __lc->_M_curr_symbol[__j];
++__beg, ++__j);
if (__j != __len
&& (__j || __io.flags() & ios_base::showbase))
__testvalid = false;
}
break;
case money_base::sign:
// Sign might not exist, or be more than one character long.
if (__lc->_M_positive_sign_size && __beg != __end
&& *__beg == __lc->_M_positive_sign[0])
{
__sign_size = __lc->_M_positive_sign_size;
++__beg;
}
else if (__lc->_M_negative_sign_size && __beg != __end
&& *__beg == __lc->_M_negative_sign[0])
{
__negative = true;
__sign_size = __lc->_M_negative_sign_size;
++__beg;
}
else if (__lc->_M_positive_sign_size
&& !__lc->_M_negative_sign_size)
// "... if no sign is detected, the result is given the sign
// that corresponds to the source of the empty string"
__negative = true;
else if (__mandatory_sign)
__testvalid = false;
break;
case money_base::value:
// Extract digits, remove and stash away the
// grouping of found thousands separators.
for (; __beg != __end; ++__beg)
{
const char_type __c = *__beg;
const char_type* __q = __traits_type::find(__lit_zero,
10, __c);
if (__q != 0)
{
__res += money_base::_S_atoms[__q - __lit];
++__n;
}
else if (__c == __lc->_M_decimal_point
&& !__testdecfound)
{
if (__lc->_M_frac_digits <= 0)
break;
__last_pos = __n;
__n = 0;
__testdecfound = true;
}
else if (__lc->_M_use_grouping
&& __c == __lc->_M_thousands_sep
&& !__testdecfound)
{
if (__n)
{
// Mark position for later analysis.
__grouping_tmp += static_cast<char>(__n);
__n = 0;
}
else
{
__testvalid = false;
break;
}
}
else
break;
}
if (__res.empty())
__testvalid = false;
break;
case money_base::space:
// At least one space is required.
if (__beg != __end && __ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__beg))
++__beg;
else
__testvalid = false;
case money_base::none:
// Only if not at the end of the pattern.
if (__i != 3)
for (; __beg != __end
&& __ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__beg); ++__beg);
break;
}
}
// Need to get the rest of the sign characters, if they exist.
if (__sign_size > 1 && __testvalid)
{
const char_type* __sign = __negative ? __lc->_M_negative_sign
: __lc->_M_positive_sign;
size_type __i = 1;
for (; __beg != __end && __i < __sign_size
&& *__beg == __sign[__i]; ++__beg, ++__i);
if (__i != __sign_size)
__testvalid = false;
}
if (__testvalid)
{
// Strip leading zeros.
if (__res.size() > 1)
{
const size_type __first = __res.find_first_not_of('0');
const bool __only_zeros = __first == string::npos;
if (__first)
__res.erase(0, __only_zeros ? __res.size() - 1 : __first);
}
// 22.2.6.1.2, p4
if (__negative && __res[0] != '0')
__res.insert(__res.begin(), '-');
// Test for grouping fidelity.
if (__grouping_tmp.size())
{
// Add the ending grouping.
__grouping_tmp += static_cast<char>(__testdecfound ? __last_pos
: __n);
if (!std::__verify_grouping(__lc->_M_grouping,
__lc->_M_grouping_size,
__grouping_tmp))
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
}
// Iff not enough digits were supplied after the decimal-point.
if (__testdecfound && __n != __lc->_M_frac_digits)
__testvalid = false;
}
// Iff valid sequence is not recognized.
if (!__testvalid)
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
else
__units.swap(__res);
// Iff no more characters are available.
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
#if defined _GLIBCXX_LONG_DOUBLE_COMPAT && defined __LONG_DOUBLE_128__ \
&& _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI == 0
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
money_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
__do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, bool __intl, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, double& __units) const
{
string __str;
__beg = __intl ? _M_extract<true>(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __str)
: _M_extract<false>(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __str);
std::__convert_to_v(__str.c_str(), __units, __err, _S_get_c_locale());
return __beg;
}
#endif
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
money_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, bool __intl, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, long double& __units) const
{
string __str;
__beg = __intl ? _M_extract<true>(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __str)
: _M_extract<false>(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __str);
std::__convert_to_v(__str.c_str(), __units, __err, _S_get_c_locale());
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
money_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, bool __intl, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, string_type& __digits) const
{
typedef typename string::size_type size_type;
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
string __str;
__beg = __intl ? _M_extract<true>(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __str)
: _M_extract<false>(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __str);
const size_type __len = __str.size();
if (__len)
{
__digits.resize(__len);
__ctype.widen(__str.data(), __str.data() + __len, &__digits[0]);
}
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
template<bool _Intl>
_OutIter
money_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
_M_insert(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
const string_type& __digits) const
{
typedef typename string_type::size_type size_type;
typedef money_base::part part;
typedef __moneypunct_cache<_CharT, _Intl> __cache_type;
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
__use_cache<__cache_type> __uc;
const __cache_type* __lc = __uc(__loc);
const char_type* __lit = __lc->_M_atoms;
// Determine if negative or positive formats are to be used, and
// discard leading negative_sign if it is present.
const char_type* __beg = __digits.data();
money_base::pattern __p;
const char_type* __sign;
size_type __sign_size;
if (!(*__beg == __lit[money_base::_S_minus]))
{
__p = __lc->_M_pos_format;
__sign = __lc->_M_positive_sign;
__sign_size = __lc->_M_positive_sign_size;
}
else
{
__p = __lc->_M_neg_format;
__sign = __lc->_M_negative_sign;
__sign_size = __lc->_M_negative_sign_size;
if (__digits.size())
++__beg;
}
// Look for valid numbers in the ctype facet within input digits.
size_type __len = __ctype.scan_not(ctype_base::digit, __beg,
__beg + __digits.size()) - __beg;
if (__len)
{
// Assume valid input, and attempt to format.
// Break down input numbers into base components, as follows:
// final_value = grouped units + (decimal point) + (digits)
string_type __value;
__value.reserve(2 * __len);
// Add thousands separators to non-decimal digits, per
// grouping rules.
long __paddec = __len - __lc->_M_frac_digits;
if (__paddec > 0)
{
if (__lc->_M_frac_digits < 0)
__paddec = __len;
if (__lc->_M_grouping_size)
{
__value.assign(2 * __paddec, char_type());
_CharT* __vend =
std::__add_grouping(&__value[0], __lc->_M_thousands_sep,
__lc->_M_grouping,
__lc->_M_grouping_size,
__beg, __beg + __paddec);
__value.erase(__vend - &__value[0]);
}
else
__value.assign(__beg, __paddec);
}
// Deal with decimal point, decimal digits.
if (__lc->_M_frac_digits > 0)
{
__value += __lc->_M_decimal_point;
if (__paddec >= 0)
__value.append(__beg + __paddec, __lc->_M_frac_digits);
else
{
// Have to pad zeros in the decimal position.
__value.append(-__paddec, __lit[money_base::_S_zero]);
__value.append(__beg, __len);
}
}
// Calculate length of resulting string.
const ios_base::fmtflags __f = __io.flags()
& ios_base::adjustfield;
__len = __value.size() + __sign_size;
__len += ((__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase)
? __lc->_M_curr_symbol_size : 0);
string_type __res;
__res.reserve(2 * __len);
const size_type __width = static_cast<size_type>(__io.width());
const bool __testipad = (__f == ios_base::internal
&& __len < __width);
// Fit formatted digits into the required pattern.
for (int __i = 0; __i < 4; ++__i)
{
const part __which = static_cast<part>(__p.field[__i]);
switch (__which)
{
case money_base::symbol:
if (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase)
__res.append(__lc->_M_curr_symbol,
__lc->_M_curr_symbol_size);
break;
case money_base::sign:
// Sign might not exist, or be more than one
// character long. In that case, add in the rest
// below.
if (__sign_size)
__res += __sign[0];
break;
case money_base::value:
__res += __value;
break;
case money_base::space:
// At least one space is required, but if internal
// formatting is required, an arbitrary number of
// fill spaces will be necessary.
if (__testipad)
__res.append(__width - __len, __fill);
else
__res += __fill;
break;
case money_base::none:
if (__testipad)
__res.append(__width - __len, __fill);
break;
}
}
// Special case of multi-part sign parts.
if (__sign_size > 1)
__res.append(__sign + 1, __sign_size - 1);
// Pad, if still necessary.
__len = __res.size();
if (__width > __len)
{
if (__f == ios_base::left)
// After.
__res.append(__width - __len, __fill);
else
// Before.
__res.insert(0, __width - __len, __fill);
__len = __width;
}
// Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
__s = std::__write(__s, __res.data(), __len);
}
__io.width(0);
return __s;
}
#if defined _GLIBCXX_LONG_DOUBLE_COMPAT && defined __LONG_DOUBLE_128__ \
&& _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI == 0
template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
_OutIter
money_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
__do_put(iter_type __s, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
double __units) const
{ return this->do_put(__s, __intl, __io, __fill, (long double) __units); }
#endif
template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
_OutIter
money_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
do_put(iter_type __s, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
long double __units) const
{
const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_C99
// First try a buffer perhaps big enough.
int __cs_size = 64;
char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
// _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
// 328. Bad sprintf format modifier in money_put<>::do_put()
int __len = std::__convert_from_v(_S_get_c_locale(), __cs, __cs_size,
"%.*Lf", 0, __units);
// If the buffer was not large enough, try again with the correct size.
if (__len >= __cs_size)
{
__cs_size = __len + 1;
__cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
__len = std::__convert_from_v(_S_get_c_locale(), __cs, __cs_size,
"%.*Lf", 0, __units);
}
#else
// max_exponent10 + 1 for the integer part, + 2 for sign and '\0'.
const int __cs_size =
__gnu_cxx::__numeric_traits<long double>::__max_exponent10 + 3;
char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
int __len = std::__convert_from_v(_S_get_c_locale(), __cs, 0, "%.*Lf",
0, __units);
#endif
string_type __digits(__len, char_type());
__ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + __len, &__digits[0]);
return __intl ? _M_insert<true>(__s, __io, __fill, __digits)
: _M_insert<false>(__s, __io, __fill, __digits);
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
_OutIter
money_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
do_put(iter_type __s, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
const string_type& __digits) const
{ return __intl ? _M_insert<true>(__s, __io, __fill, __digits)
: _M_insert<false>(__s, __io, __fill, __digits); }
_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_LDBL_OR_CXX11
// NB: Not especially useful. Without an ios_base object or some
// kind of locale reference, we are left clawing at the air where
// the side of the mountain used to be...
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
time_base::dateorder
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::do_date_order() const
{ return time_base::no_order; }
// Expand a strftime format string and parse it. E.g., do_get_date() may
// pass %m/%d/%Y => extracted characters.
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
_M_extract_via_format(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm,
const _CharT* __format) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
const size_t __len = char_traits<_CharT>::length(__format);
ios_base::iostate __tmperr = ios_base::goodbit;
size_t __i = 0;
for (; __beg != __end && __i < __len && !__tmperr; ++__i)
{
if (__ctype.narrow(__format[__i], 0) == '%')
{
// Verify valid formatting code, attempt to extract.
char __c = __ctype.narrow(__format[++__i], 0);
int __mem = 0;
if (__c == 'E' || __c == 'O')
__c = __ctype.narrow(__format[++__i], 0);
switch (__c)
{
const char* __cs;
_CharT __wcs[10];
case 'a':
// Abbreviated weekday name [tm_wday]
const char_type* __days1[7];
__tp._M_days_abbreviated(__days1);
__beg = _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_wday, __days1,
7, __io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'A':
// Weekday name [tm_wday].
const char_type* __days2[7];
__tp._M_days(__days2);
__beg = _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_wday, __days2,
7, __io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'h':
case 'b':
// Abbreviated month name [tm_mon]
const char_type* __months1[12];
__tp._M_months_abbreviated(__months1);
__beg = _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mon,
__months1, 12, __io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'B':
// Month name [tm_mon].
const char_type* __months2[12];
__tp._M_months(__months2);
__beg = _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mon,
__months2, 12, __io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'c':
// Default time and date representation.
const char_type* __dt[2];
__tp._M_date_time_formats(__dt);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __tmperr,
__tm, __dt[0]);
break;
case 'd':
// Day [01, 31]. [tm_mday]
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mday, 1, 31, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'e':
// Day [1, 31], with single digits preceded by
// space. [tm_mday]
if (__ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__beg))
__beg = _M_extract_num(++__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mday, 1, 9,
1, __io, __tmperr);
else
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mday, 10, 31,
2, __io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'D':
// Equivalent to %m/%d/%y.[tm_mon, tm_mday, tm_year]
__cs = "%m/%d/%y";
__ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + 9, __wcs);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __tmperr,
__tm, __wcs);
break;
case 'H':
// Hour [00, 23]. [tm_hour]
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_hour, 0, 23, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'I':
// Hour [01, 12]. [tm_hour]
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_hour, 1, 12, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'm':
// Month [01, 12]. [tm_mon]
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __mem, 1, 12, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
if (!__tmperr)
__tm->tm_mon = __mem - 1;
break;
case 'M':
// Minute [00, 59]. [tm_min]
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_min, 0, 59, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
break;
case 'n':
if (__ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0) == '\n')
++__beg;
else
__tmperr |= ios_base::failbit;
break;
case 'R':
// Equivalent to (%H:%M).
__cs = "%H:%M";
__ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + 6, __wcs);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __tmperr,
__tm, __wcs);
break;
case 'S':
// Seconds. [tm_sec]
// [00, 60] in C99 (one leap-second), [00, 61] in C89.
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_C99
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_sec, 0, 60, 2,
#else
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_sec, 0, 61, 2,
#endif
__io, __tmperr);
break;
case 't':
if (__ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0) == '\t')
++__beg;
else
__tmperr |= ios_base::failbit;
break;
case 'T':
// Equivalent to (%H:%M:%S).
__cs = "%H:%M:%S";
__ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + 9, __wcs);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __tmperr,
__tm, __wcs);
break;
case 'x':
// Locale's date.
const char_type* __dates[2];
__tp._M_date_formats(__dates);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __tmperr,
__tm, __dates[0]);
break;
case 'X':
// Locale's time.
const char_type* __times[2];
__tp._M_time_formats(__times);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __tmperr,
__tm, __times[0]);
break;
case 'y':
case 'C': // C99
// Two digit year.
case 'Y':
// Year [1900).
// NB: We parse either two digits, implicitly years since
// 1900, or 4 digits, full year. In both cases we can
// reconstruct [tm_year]. See also libstdc++/26701.
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __mem, 0, 9999, 4,
__io, __tmperr);
if (!__tmperr)
__tm->tm_year = __mem < 0 ? __mem + 100 : __mem - 1900;
break;
case 'Z':
// Timezone info.
if (__ctype.is(ctype_base::upper, *__beg))
{
int __tmp;
__beg = _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tmp,
__timepunct_cache<_CharT>::_S_timezones,
14, __io, __tmperr);
// GMT requires special effort.
if (__beg != __end && !__tmperr && __tmp == 0
&& (*__beg == __ctype.widen('-')
|| *__beg == __ctype.widen('+')))
{
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tmp, 0, 23, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tmp, 0, 59, 2,
__io, __tmperr);
}
}
else
__tmperr |= ios_base::failbit;
break;
default:
// Not recognized.
__tmperr |= ios_base::failbit;
}
}
else
{
// Verify format and input match, extract and discard.
if (__format[__i] == *__beg)
++__beg;
else
__tmperr |= ios_base::failbit;
}
}
if (__tmperr || __i != __len)
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
_M_extract_num(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, int& __member,
int __min, int __max, size_t __len,
ios_base& __io, ios_base::iostate& __err) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
// As-is works for __len = 1, 2, 4, the values actually used.
int __mult = __len == 2 ? 10 : (__len == 4 ? 1000 : 1);
++__min;
size_t __i = 0;
int __value = 0;
for (; __beg != __end && __i < __len; ++__beg, ++__i)
{
const char __c = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, '*');
if (__c >= '0' && __c <= '9')
{
__value = __value * 10 + (__c - '0');
const int __valuec = __value * __mult;
if (__valuec > __max || __valuec + __mult < __min)
break;
__mult /= 10;
}
else
break;
}
if (__i == __len)
__member = __value;
// Special encoding for do_get_year, 'y', and 'Y' above.
else if (__len == 4 && __i == 2)
__member = __value - 100;
else
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
return __beg;
}
// Assumptions:
// All elements in __names are unique.
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
_M_extract_name(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, int& __member,
const _CharT** __names, size_t __indexlen,
ios_base& __io, ios_base::iostate& __err) const
{
typedef char_traits<_CharT> __traits_type;
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
int* __matches = static_cast<int*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(int)
* __indexlen));
size_t __nmatches = 0;
size_t __pos = 0;
bool __testvalid = true;
const char_type* __name;
// Look for initial matches.
// NB: Some of the locale data is in the form of all lowercase
// names, and some is in the form of initially-capitalized
// names. Look for both.
if (__beg != __end)
{
const char_type __c = *__beg;
for (size_t __i1 = 0; __i1 < __indexlen; ++__i1)
if (__c == __names[__i1][0]
|| __c == __ctype.toupper(__names[__i1][0]))
__matches[__nmatches++] = __i1;
}
while (__nmatches > 1)
{
// Find smallest matching string.
size_t __minlen = __traits_type::length(__names[__matches[0]]);
for (size_t __i2 = 1; __i2 < __nmatches; ++__i2)
__minlen = std::min(__minlen,
__traits_type::length(__names[__matches[__i2]]));
++__beg, ++__pos;
if (__pos < __minlen && __beg != __end)
for (size_t __i3 = 0; __i3 < __nmatches;)
{
__name = __names[__matches[__i3]];
if (!(__name[__pos] == *__beg))
__matches[__i3] = __matches[--__nmatches];
else
++__i3;
}
else
break;
}
if (__nmatches == 1)
{
// Make sure found name is completely extracted.
++__beg, ++__pos;
__name = __names[__matches[0]];
const size_t __len = __traits_type::length(__name);
while (__pos < __len && __beg != __end && __name[__pos] == *__beg)
++__beg, ++__pos;
if (__len == __pos)
__member = __matches[0];
else
__testvalid = false;
}
else
__testvalid = false;
if (!__testvalid)
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
_M_extract_wday_or_month(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, int& __member,
const _CharT** __names, size_t __indexlen,
ios_base& __io, ios_base::iostate& __err) const
{
typedef char_traits<_CharT> __traits_type;
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
int* __matches = static_cast<int*>(__builtin_alloca(2 * sizeof(int)
* __indexlen));
size_t __nmatches = 0;
size_t* __matches_lengths = 0;
size_t __pos = 0;
if (__beg != __end)
{
const char_type __c = *__beg;
for (size_t __i = 0; __i < 2 * __indexlen; ++__i)
if (__c == __names[__i][0]
|| __c == __ctype.toupper(__names[__i][0]))
__matches[__nmatches++] = __i;
}
if (__nmatches)
{
++__beg, ++__pos;
__matches_lengths
= static_cast<size_t*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(size_t)
* __nmatches));
for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __nmatches; ++__i)
__matches_lengths[__i]
= __traits_type::length(__names[__matches[__i]]);
}
for (; __beg != __end; ++__beg, ++__pos)
{
size_t __nskipped = 0;
const char_type __c = *__beg;
for (size_t __i = 0; __i < __nmatches;)
{
const char_type* __name = __names[__matches[__i]];
if (__pos >= __matches_lengths[__i])
++__nskipped, ++__i;
else if (!(__name[__pos] == __c))
{
--__nmatches;
__matches[__i] = __matches[__nmatches];
__matches_lengths[__i] = __matches_lengths[__nmatches];
}
else
++__i;
}
if (__nskipped == __nmatches)
break;
}
if ((__nmatches == 1 && __matches_lengths[0] == __pos)
|| (__nmatches == 2 && (__matches_lengths[0] == __pos
|| __matches_lengths[1] == __pos)))
__member = (__matches[0] >= __indexlen
? __matches[0] - __indexlen : __matches[0]);
else
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get_time(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
const char_type* __times[2];
__tp._M_time_formats(__times);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err,
__tm, __times[0]);
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get_date(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
const char_type* __dates[2];
__tp._M_date_formats(__dates);
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err,
__tm, __dates[0]);
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get_weekday(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
const char_type* __days[14];
__tp._M_days_abbreviated(__days);
__tp._M_days(__days + 7);
int __tmpwday;
ios_base::iostate __tmperr = ios_base::goodbit;
__beg = _M_extract_wday_or_month(__beg, __end, __tmpwday, __days, 7,
__io, __tmperr);
if (!__tmperr)
__tm->tm_wday = __tmpwday;
else
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get_monthname(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end,
ios_base& __io, ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
const char_type* __months[24];
__tp._M_months_abbreviated(__months);
__tp._M_months(__months + 12);
int __tmpmon;
ios_base::iostate __tmperr = ios_base::goodbit;
__beg = _M_extract_wday_or_month(__beg, __end, __tmpmon, __months, 12,
__io, __tmperr);
if (!__tmperr)
__tm->tm_mon = __tmpmon;
else
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get_year(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
int __tmpyear;
ios_base::iostate __tmperr = ios_base::goodbit;
__beg = _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tmpyear, 0, 9999, 4,
__io, __tmperr);
if (!__tmperr)
__tm->tm_year = __tmpyear < 0 ? __tmpyear + 100 : __tmpyear - 1900;
else
__err |= ios_base::failbit;
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
inline
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
get(iter_type __s, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm, const char_type* __fmt,
const char_type* __fmtend) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
ctype<_CharT> const& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
__err = ios_base::goodbit;
while (__fmt != __fmtend &&
__err == ios_base::goodbit)
{
if (__s == __end)
{
__err = ios_base::eofbit | ios_base::failbit;
break;
}
else if (__ctype.narrow(*__fmt, 0) == '%')
{
char __format;
char __mod = 0;
if (++__fmt == __fmtend)
{
__err = ios_base::failbit;
break;
}
const char __c = __ctype.narrow(*__fmt, 0);
if (__c != 'E' && __c != 'O')
__format = __c;
else if (++__fmt != __fmtend)
{
__mod = __c;
__format = __ctype.narrow(*__fmt, 0);
}
else
{
__err = ios_base::failbit;
break;
}
__s = this->do_get(__s, __end, __io, __err, __tm, __format,
__mod);
++__fmt;
}
else if (__ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__fmt))
{
++__fmt;
while (__fmt != __fmtend &&
__ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__fmt))
++__fmt;
while (__s != __end &&
__ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__s))
++__s;
}
// TODO real case-insensitive comparison
else if (__ctype.tolower(*__s) == __ctype.tolower(*__fmt) ||
__ctype.toupper(*__s) == __ctype.toupper(*__fmt))
{
++__s;
++__fmt;
}
else
{
__err = ios_base::failbit;
break;
}
}
return __s;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
inline
_InIter
time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm,
char __format, char __mod) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
ctype<_CharT> const& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
__err = ios_base::goodbit;
char_type __fmt[4];
__fmt[0] = __ctype.widen('%');
if (!__mod)
{
__fmt[1] = __format;
__fmt[2] = char_type();
}
else
{
__fmt[1] = __mod;
__fmt[2] = __format;
__fmt[3] = char_type();
}
__beg = _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, __fmt);
if (__beg == __end)
__err |= ios_base::eofbit;
return __beg;
}
#endif // __cplusplus >= 201103L
template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
_OutIter
time_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, const tm* __tm,
const _CharT* __beg, const _CharT* __end) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
ctype<_CharT> const& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
for (; __beg != __end; ++__beg)
if (__ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0) != '%')
{
*__s = *__beg;
++__s;
}
else if (++__beg != __end)
{
char __format;
char __mod = 0;
const char __c = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0);
if (__c != 'E' && __c != 'O')
__format = __c;
else if (++__beg != __end)
{
__mod = __c;
__format = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0);
}
else
break;
__s = this->do_put(__s, __io, __fill, __tm, __format, __mod);
}
else
break;
return __s;
}
template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
_OutIter
time_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type, const tm* __tm,
char __format, char __mod) const
{
const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
ctype<_CharT> const& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
__timepunct<_CharT> const& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
// NB: This size is arbitrary. Should this be a data member,
// initialized at construction?
const size_t __maxlen = 128;
char_type __res[__maxlen];
// NB: In IEE 1003.1-200x, and perhaps other locale models, it
// is possible that the format character will be longer than one
// character. Possibilities include 'E' or 'O' followed by a
// format character: if __mod is not the default argument, assume
// it's a valid modifier.
char_type __fmt[4];
__fmt[0] = __ctype.widen('%');
if (!__mod)
{
__fmt[1] = __format;
__fmt[2] = char_type();
}
else
{
__fmt[1] = __mod;
__fmt[2] = __format;
__fmt[3] = char_type();
}
__tp._M_put(__res, __maxlen, __fmt, __tm);
// Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
return std::__write(__s, __res, char_traits<char_type>::length(__res));
}
// Inhibit implicit instantiations for required instantiations,
// which are defined via explicit instantiations elsewhere.
#if _GLIBCXX_EXTERN_TEMPLATE
extern template class moneypunct<char, false>;
extern template class moneypunct<char, true>;
extern template class moneypunct_byname<char, false>;
extern template class moneypunct_byname<char, true>;
extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL_OR_CXX11 money_get<char>;
extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL_OR_CXX11 money_put<char>;
extern template class __timepunct<char>;
extern template class time_put<char>;
extern template class time_put_byname<char>;
extern template class time_get<char>;
extern template class time_get_byname<char>;
extern template class messages<char>;
extern template class messages_byname<char>;
extern template
const moneypunct<char, true>&
use_facet<moneypunct<char, true> >(const locale&);
extern template
const moneypunct<char, false>&
use_facet<moneypunct<char, false> >(const locale&);
extern template
const money_put<char>&
use_facet<money_put<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
const money_get<char>&
use_facet<money_get<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
const __timepunct<char>&
use_facet<__timepunct<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
const time_put<char>&
use_facet<time_put<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
const time_get<char>&
use_facet<time_get<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
const messages<char>&
use_facet<messages<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<moneypunct<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<money_put<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<money_get<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<__timepunct<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<time_put<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<time_get<char> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<messages<char> >(const locale&);
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
extern template class moneypunct<wchar_t, false>;
extern template class moneypunct<wchar_t, true>;
extern template class moneypunct_byname<wchar_t, false>;
extern template class moneypunct_byname<wchar_t, true>;
extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL_OR_CXX11 money_get<wchar_t>;
extern template class _GLIBCXX_NAMESPACE_LDBL_OR_CXX11 money_put<wchar_t>;
extern template class __timepunct<wchar_t>;
extern template class time_put<wchar_t>;
extern template class time_put_byname<wchar_t>;
extern template class time_get<wchar_t>;
extern template class time_get_byname<wchar_t>;
extern template class messages<wchar_t>;
extern template class messages_byname<wchar_t>;
extern template
const moneypunct<wchar_t, true>&
use_facet<moneypunct<wchar_t, true> >(const locale&);
extern template
const moneypunct<wchar_t, false>&
use_facet<moneypunct<wchar_t, false> >(const locale&);
extern template
const money_put<wchar_t>&
use_facet<money_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
const money_get<wchar_t>&
use_facet<money_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
const __timepunct<wchar_t>&
use_facet<__timepunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
const time_put<wchar_t>&
use_facet<time_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
const time_get<wchar_t>&
use_facet<time_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
const messages<wchar_t>&
use_facet<messages<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<moneypunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<money_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<money_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<__timepunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<time_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<time_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
extern template
bool
has_facet<messages<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
#endif
#endif
_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
} // namespace std
#endif
``` |
This is a list of North Korean television programmes or series. For North Korean multi-part films and film series see list of North Korean films.
List
See also
List of North Korean actors
List of North Korean films
List of North Korean operas
Television in North Korea
Welcome to Pyongyang Animal Park, a film that was made originally as a two episode television series
References
Works cited
North Korea
Series
Television |
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