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Nitzan Horowitz (; Transliterated: ; born 24 February 1965) is a politician and former journalist who served as Israel's Minister of Health from 2021 to 2022. He is the former leader of Meretz. He previously was the chief U.S. correspondent and commentator for the Israeli News Company, known as Channel 2 News. He served two full terms in the Knesset (2009–2015) on the Meretz list. Before being elected to the Knesset, he was the Foreign Affairs commentator and head of the International desk at Hadashot 10, the news division of Channel 10. In 2013, he ran for mayor of Tel Aviv. In June 2019, he won the Meretz leadership election, ans served as the Minister of Health. In July 2022, he announced that he would step down as Meretz's leader. Early life Horowitz was born in Rishon LeZion in 1965. He graduated from Tel Aviv University Law School and began working as a journalist. He supported the International Criminal Court's probe into Israel's alleged war crimes. Journalism career In his early career, he served as a military affairs reporter during the latter phase of the 1982 Lebanon war, as well as the international news editor at Army Radio from 1983 to 1987. In 1987, he began working at the Hadashot newspaper as the foreign affairs editor. In 1989, he moved to Haaretz, working as the foreign affairs editor. He served as a Haaretz correspondent in Paris between 1993 and 1998, covering the European Union, and as a Haaretz correspondent in Washington, D. C., from 1998 until 2001. After returning to Israel, Horowitz served as the chief foreign affairs columnist for Haaretz. When Hadashot 10 began broadcasting on January 2002, Horowitz established its international desk. His work there included creating documentary films following the tsunami disaster in eastern Asia and the failed search for Osama bin Laden in Afghanistan. He made regular appearances on Hadashot 10's current affairs show, London et Kirschenbaum, for which he provided reports and analysis of global news. In 2008, Horowitz created and directed a documentary series for Channel 10, titled WORLD: The Next Generation – Nitzan Horowitz in search of tomorrow. The series followed major trends that could shape the future of the world in the coming decades, including the ageing crisis, urban sustainability, immigration, construction and industrial development in China, and the high-technology revolution in India. Horowitz served as a board member of the Association for Civil Rights in Israel. He was also active in environmental issues; in 2007, he received the Pratt Prize for Environmental Journalism. Political career In December 2008, he resigned from Channel 10 and became a Meretz candidate in the 2009 legislative elections. In the party primaries, he gained the third slot on the joint list of the New Movement and Meretz. He said: "My goal is to continue to do what I have been talking about over the past years, from protecting the seashore to promoting more sophisticated, non-polluting public transportation." Meretz won three seats in the elections, making Horowitz the second openly gay Knesset member in Israeli history, and the only openly gay member of the eighteenth Knesset. The first, Uzi Even, had also been a member of Meretz. On 16 February 2009, he announced a plan to bring to the Knesset a bill that would allow marriages or civil unions between two partners, regardless of their religion, ethnic background, or gender. Before being sworn into the Knesset, he was told to annul his Polish citizenship, which he had obtained due to his father's origins and had used as a journalist to enter countries that Israelis have difficulty entering. In 2009, he announced that he would boycott all of the events related to Pope Benedict XVI's visit to Israel, saying that in his opinion, the pope bore a message of "rigidness, religious extremism, and imperviousness. Of all the Pope's injustices, the worst is his objection to disseminating contraceptives in Third World countries. It's hard to assess how many miserable men and women in Africa, Asia, and South America have contracted AIDS because of this Philistine attitude, but we are talking about many". He also published a two-part opinion piece on Ynetnews explaining his position. Horowitz was re-elected to the Knesset in the January 2013 elections. In October 2013, he ran for mayor of Tel Aviv against long-time incumbent Ron Huldai. He lost, receiving 38% of the vote to Huldai's 53%. In 2014, he was given the Outstanding Parliamentarian Award by the Israel Democracy Institute. He did not stand in the 2015 elections. In June 2019, Horowitz successfully challenged incumbent Tamar Zandberg for the leadership of Meretz, which made Meretz the first Israeli party to elect an openly gay person as its leader. Horowitz led the party during the September 2019 Israeli legislative election. In 2021, he became Minister of Health in Naftali Bennett's cabinet. He resigned his Knesset seat to ultimately join the public sector he served in his ministerial position. Under Israel's Norwegian Law and was replaced by Michal Rozin. Horowitz used a government circular to ban conversion therapy in February 2022. He supports Bernie Sanders, who calls for conditional aid to Israel, and is reluctant to display his Jewishness and is completely irreligious, as noted in his speeches to the liberal Jewish movement J Street; he has been criticized for his criticism of Israel. He also contributed to a coalition crisis in the Bennett–Lapid government by complying with an Israeli High Court decision that determined the government cannot prohibit visitors from bringing hametz into hospitals during Passover. After this action and amid secret talks with Benjamin Netanyahu, Yamina MK Idit Silman left the coalition, leaving it shy of a majority and unable to pass legislation. Following the Knesset's dissolution and new elections scheduled for November 2022, Horowitz announced that he would step down as leader of Meretz. Personal life Horowitz was the first openly gay party leader in Israel. He resides in Tel Aviv with his life partner. References External links "WORLD: The Next Generation – Nitzan Horowitz In Search of Tomorrow" – official website World: The Next Generation ("Across Borders") in the DocAviv Film Festival "We want more of Nitzan Horowitz" – OneJerusalem.com 1965 births Living people 20th-century Israeli journalists 21st-century Israeli journalists Gay politicians Gay journalists Israeli gay writers Israeli environmentalists Israeli male journalists Israeli people of Polish-Jewish descent Jewish Israeli politicians Gay Jews Israeli LGBT journalists LGBT members of the Knesset Israeli LGBT rights activists Members of the 18th Knesset (2009–2013) Members of the 19th Knesset (2013–2015) Members of the 22nd Knesset (2019–2020) Members of the 23rd Knesset (2020–2021) Members of the 24th Knesset (2021–2022) Ministers of Health of Israel Meretz leaders People from Rishon LeZion Tel Aviv University alumni 20th-century Israeli Jews 21st-century Israeli Jews 20th-century Israeli LGBT people 21st-century Israeli LGBT people
Ayguemorte-les-Graves (; ) is a commune in the Gironde department in southwestern France. Population See also Communes of the Gironde department References Communes of Gironde
The Grindletonians were a Puritan sect that arose in the town of Grindleton in Lancashire, England, in around 1610. The sect remained active in the North of England until the 1660s. Its most notable leader was Roger Brearley (or Brereley). Grindletonian beliefs were Antinomian. History John Wilson, who led the congregation at Kildwick before Grindletonianism appeared, has been called a religious radical and may have introduced some of the basic concepts of the sect. The community may therefore have held some Grindletonian beliefs before Brearley arrived. Brearley, who was the curate at Grindleton from 1615 to 1622, was the main leader of the Grindletonians. John Everard (c. 1584–1641) was a friend of Brearley's and may have influenced him. Brearley had a local following, attracting worshippers from the nearby parish of Giggleswick, but became more widely known after the proceedings against him. He was brought before the High Commission of the Archdiocese of York in October 1616 to answer charges that he was a radical nonconformist, that he relied on the motion of the spirit and that he thought that all doubt about salvation could be removed from believers. He was also asked to reject fifty erroneous beliefs that he and his followers allegedly held. Brearley seems to have renounced his views and to have promised to conform in future, presumably in order to escape punishment. Brearley left Grindleton in 1634 to teach at Kildwick, twenty miles away. His successor as curate at Grindleton, John Webster (1610-1683), taught ideas similar to Brearley's, and Grindletonianism continued to grow between 1615 and 1640, gaining a large number of followers in Lancashire and Yorkshire, and spinning off other antinomian sects. In 1635 John Webster, curate at Kildwick, was brought before a church court charged with being a Grindletonian. A preacher named Robert Towne carried the Grindletonian message into western Yorkshire and eastern Lancashire in the 1640s, although he himself disavowed the label. The last known Grindletonian died in the 1680s. Beliefs In a sermon preached at Paul's Cross on 11 February 1627, and published under the title The White Wolfe in 1627, Stephen Denison, minister of St. Catherine Cree, charged the "Gringltonian [sic] familists" with adhering nine points of antinomian tendency. These nine points are repeated from Denison by Pagitt (1645), and glanced at by Ross (1655). Some of Brearley's ideas were probably drawn from the Theologia Germanica. His teachings were antinomian: He thought that the power of God's Spirit alone is sufficient to bring a person to salvation. Grindletonians thought that a true Christian who has the Spirit within them does not sin. The Grindletonians were close to the Familists in their beliefs. They thought the Spirit is privileged over the Letter (meaning the Bible), that anyone who has the inner light is qualified to preach, whether ordained or not, and that a person could live without sin and attain Heaven on Earth. Influences Grindleton stands at the foot of Pendle Hill, where George Fox (1624–1691), the founder of Quakerism, received the visions that convinced him to launch his sect. A number of other unorthodox sects arose in the region around the same time. It is possible that Fox was influenced by Grindletonian thinking. The Quakers Francis Howgill (1618-69) and John Camm (1605-1657) were Grindletonians who became Seekers and then Quakers. Antinomianism or Grindletonianism may also have had an influence on Anne Hutchinson (1591-1643). References Christian organizations established in the 17th century 1610 in Christianity 1610 in England Puritanism in England
Wong Kiew-kit (born 1944) is a grandmaster in the tradition of the mythical Southern Shaolin Monastery in China, which should not be confused with the more commonly known Shaolin Monastery in Henan Province. Wong founded the Shaolin Wahnam Institute in 1982 in order to teach Shaolin arts to the public. Master Wong practiced and learned within a number of famous lineages which place him as a fourth generation successor of the Ven. Jiang Nan and a sixth generation successor of the Ven. Chee Seen both of the Southern Shaolin Temple. Life and career Born in 1944, Wong Kiew-kit started his lifelong training of the Shaolin arts at the age of 10 when he began learning Shaolin Kungfu from Lai Chin-wah, who was also known as Uncle Righteousness. According to Wong's biography, he became Lai Chin-wah's best disciple. He has taught Shaolin Cosmos qigong, Shaolin kung fu, tai chi, Zen and also Lion dance worldwide for more than 25 years. His school has qualified instructors in Canada, Ecuador, Puerto Rico, USA, Venezuela, Austria, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland, Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United Arab Emirates. He claims to have over 2000 students throughout the world. Wong received the Qigong Master of the Year award at the Second World Congress on Qigong held from 21 to 23 November 1997 in San Francisco, United States. He has written a number of books published in multiple languages on martial arts and philosophy. His works include Chi Kung For Health and Vitality, The Art of Shaolin Kung Fu, The Complete Book of Tai Chi Chuan, The Complete Book of Zen, Introduction to Shaolin Kung Fu, The Complete Book of Chinese Medicine, The Complete Book of Shaolin. Sukhavati: Western Paradise, and The Art of Chi Kung, References External links Shaolin Wahnam Institute Homepage Chinese martial artists Martial arts school founders Chinese non-fiction writers Living people 1944 births
Shah (Old Persian XšāyaΘiya) is the Persian word for "King", mainly used in Iran/Persia. Shah may also refer to: Arts and media Shah (film), a 2015 Pakistani biopic about Olympian boxer Syed Hussain Shah The Shah (book), a 2011 biography of the last Shah of Iran, by Abbas Milani Shah of Shahs (book), a 1982 book by Ryszard Kapuściński People Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1919–1980), the last Shah of Iran; often referred to simply as "the Shah" Shah (surname), a list of people with the surname that is common in India and Pakistan Shah Jalal (1271–1346), Sufi Muslim figure in Bengal Shah Rukh Khan (born 1965), Indian Bollywood actor Raline Shah (born 1985), Indonesian actress Geographic places Shah, Ras al-Khaimah, a settlement in Ras al-Khaimah Shah, Fars, a village in Fars Province, Iran Other uses Shah (caste), a Hindu caste in India Shah dynasty, a ruling dynasty of the Gorkha Kingdom until 1768 AD and Nepal until 2008 AD Ukrainian shah, a historical currency of Ukraine Dirac comb distribution, also called Shah function See also Iranian rial, with historical variety named shahi or chahi Sha (disambiguation) Shaa (disambiguation) Shahanshah (disambiguation) Shahu (disambiguation) Shaji (disambiguation) SAH (disambiguation) Shahi (disambiguation) Kabul Shahi (disambiguation) Sahi (disambiguation) List of monarchs of Persia (the Shahs)
Indiana University may refer to: Indiana University, a multi-campus public university system in the U.S. state of Indiana, comprising: Indiana University Bloomington Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis Indiana University East Indiana University Fort Wayne Indiana University Kokomo Indiana University Northwest Indiana University South Bend Indiana University Southeast Indiana University–Purdue University Columbus Indiana University of Pennsylvania The Indiana Hoosiers, the athletic program of Indiana University Bloomington See also Indiana State University Indiana University Health List of colleges and universities in Indiana
Basavana Bagevadi Assembly seat is one of 224 assembly constituencies in Karnataka State, in India. It is part of Bijapur (Lok Sabha constituency). Assembly Members Bombay State (Hippargi Bagewadi Constituency) 1951: Shankargouda Yashwantgouda Patil, Indian National Congress Mysore State (Bagewadi Constituency) 1957: Sushilabai Hirachand Shah, Indian National Congress 1962: Sushilabai Hirachand Shah, Indian National Congress 1967: P. B. Somanagouda, Indian National Congress 1972: B. S. Patil, Indian National Congress (Organisation) Karnataka State (Basavana Bagevadi Constituency) Election results 2018 See also List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly References Assembly constituencies of Karnataka Bijapur district, Karnataka
Krobonosz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sawin, within Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Sawin, north-west of Chełm, and east of the regional capital Lublin. References Villages in Chełm County
XHBK-FM/XEBK-AM (95.7 FM and 1340 AM) is a radio station in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico, broadcasting to the Laredo Borderplex. It is owned by Gustavo Alonso Cortez Montiel and currently programmed by Radio United with a country music format known as Pure Country 95.7. History XEBK received its concession on March 10, 1936, though it had gone on the air November 20, 1935. It was owned by Gilberto Guajardo and Juan Manuel Cortés and broadcast on 1000 kHz. Francisco Javier Cortés Delgado became the concessionaire in 1957, and under his leadership, XEBK moved to 1340 and increased power to 500 watts day and 250 at night, later increased to 1,000 watts. In 1994, it became an FM combo, adding XHBK-FM 95.7. The current concessionaire took over the station in 2006. On December 1, 2019, the Cortez family took over XHK-FM 90.9 and relocated the La Raza Regional Mexican format there. XHBK relaunched as "BK 95.7 FM" that same day. XHBK then flipped to Exa FM on December 11, 2020. On January 1, 2023, Radio United, which operates KQUR, KBDR, and KNEX in Laredo, Texas, began operating the station with a country music format known as Pure Country 95.7. References Spanish-language radio stations Radio stations in Nuevo Laredo 1935 establishments in Mexico Radio stations established in 1935
Anne MacKaye Chapman (January 27, 1922 – June 12, 2010) was a Franco-American ethnologist who focused on the people of Mesoamerica writing several books, co-producing movies, and capturing sound recordings of rare languages from the Northern Triangle of Central America to Cape Horn in South America. Life and career Anne MacKaye Chapman was born in 1922 in Los Angeles, California. She left for Mexico in 1940, enrolling at the Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH) in Mexico City. At the ENAH, Chapman studied with Paul Kirchhoff, Wigberto Jiménez Moreno, and Miguel Covarrubias. Inspired by the work of Covarrubias, Chapman and her colleagues published Anthropos, a journal combining art with articles on anthropology and politics. Only two editions were ever published, both in 1947, due to limited resources. Chapman conducted her first ethnographic fieldwork as a student among Mayan communities in Chiapas, Mexico—first, among the Tzeltales under Sol Tax, and later among the Tzoziles under Alfonso Villa Rojas. She eventually earned her Master's degree in Anthropology in 1951 from the ENAH; her Master's thesis, entitled "La Guerra de los Aztecas contra los Tepanecas," used Clausewitz's theories on war to analyze the defeat of the Tepanecas by the Aztecs to gain their independence in the early 15th century. Chapman returned to the U.S. in the 1950s, earning her Ph.D. in Anthropology from Columbia University in New York City in 1958. Her dissertation was entitled An Historical Analysis of the Tropical Forest Tribes on the Southern Border of Mesoamerica. While at Columbia, she studied with Conrad Arensberg and worked as an assistant to Karl Polanyi from 1953 to 1955. Another professor, William Duncan Strong, introduced her to the Tolupan (Jicaque) of Honduras. After being awarded funds by the Fulbright Foundation and the Research Institute for the Study of Man (RISM), Chapman began her fieldwork in 1955 among the Tolupan in Montaña de la Flor, Honduras. She would return for a period of several months every year through 1960 for her research, but maintained her relationship with the community for the rest of her life. During her fieldwork, Chapman primarily worked with Alfonso Martinez. Through him, Chapman was able to make a study of Tolupan oral tradition and social organization, as well as to elaborate detailed genealogies of the community. Her research eventually resulted in a book, Les Enfants de la Mort: Univers Mythique des Indiens Tolupan (Jicaque), published in 1978; a revised English text was published in 1992 under the title Master of Animals: Oral tradition of the Tolupan Indians, Honduras. Alfonso Martinez died of measles in 1969. Chapman also conducted ethnographic research among the Lenca of Honduras, starting in 1965-66, and continuing through the 1980s. Her work followed up on analysis by Kirchhoff on "cultural areas," particularly Mesoamerica. She sought to address a doubt raised by Kirchhoff about whether the Lenca should be considered a Mesoamerican group, ultimately resolving the question in the affirmative in an article entitled "Los Lencas de Honduras en el siglo XVI," published in 1978. In addition, in 1985-86 she published a two-volume study of Lenca rituals and tradition titled Los Hijos del Copal y la Candela. In 1961, Chapman became a member of the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, working under Claude Lévi-Strauss until 1969, and eventually retiring from the center in 1987. During her long career as an ethnographer, she was associated with various other research centers in Europe and the Americas, including: the Musée de l'Homme in Paris, France; the Research Institute for the Study of Man in New York City; the Instituto Hondureño de Antropología in Tegucigalpa, Honduras; and the Instituto Nacional de Antropología in Buenos Aires, Argentina. In 1964, Chapman was invited to join the team of archaeologist Annette Laming-Emperaire on a project in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Although not an archaeologist by training, Chapman accepted for the opportunity to meet Lola Kiepja and Ángela Loij, some of the last few living Selk'nam (Ona) of Tierra del Fuego. After finishing the archaeology project, Chapman met with Lola and recorded her speaking and singing in Selk'nam, as well as her memories of life as a Selk'nam. Although Lola died in 1966, Chapman was able to continue working with the remaining Selk'nam in Tierra del Fuego. In 1976, she co-produced a film about the Selk'nam along with Ana Montes, The Onas: Life and Death in Tierra del Fuego. In 1985, she expanded her fieldwork to include the remaining Yahgans in Tierra del Fuego, Chile. Chapman wrote on many important anthropologic issues; possibly her most important work concerning the Fuegians was Drama and Power in a Hunting Society: The Selk'nam of Tierra del Fuego (1981). She also wrote La Isla de los Estados en la prehistoria: Primeros datos arqueológicos (1987, Buenos Aires), El Fin de Un Mundo: Los Selk'nam de Tierra del Fuego''' (1990, Buenos Aires), and three chapters listed in Cap Horn 1882-1883: Rencontre avec les Indiens Yahgan (1995, Paris), which contains many photographs taken by members of the French expedition to Cape Horn (1882-83) that are among the best of the Yahgans; ten of the Alakaluf in 1881 of the eleven who were kidnapped and taken to Paris and other European cities; and six of the last Yahgans she took in 1964 and 1987. She also made a film about the lives of the members of the Yahgan tribe titled Homage to the Yahgans: The Last Indians of Tierra del Fuego and Cape Horn (1990), which was a finalist in the International Film and TV Festival of New York. Later she wrote Hain: Selknam Initiation Ceremony, and along with the End of a World: The Selknam of Tierra del Fuego, both books include a CD of Lola Kiepja's Hain chants. In 2004, Chapman published El fenómeno de la canoa yagán (Universidad Marítima de Chile, Viña del Mar) and in 2006 both Darwin in Tierra del Fuego and Lom: amor y venganza, mitos de los yámana. Her last book is entitled European Encounters with the Yamana People of Cape Horn, Before and After Darwin'' (2010, New York, Cambridge University Press), a narrative of the dramas played out from 1578 to 2000 in the Cape Horn area of Chile by the native people, the navigators, the missionaries and other Europeans. Towards the end of her life, Chapman resided primarily in Buenos Aires, working and writing there. Chapman died at age 88 on June 12, 2010, in a Paris hospital. Awards Doctor Honoris Causa. University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile (2003) Orden José Cecilio del Valle en grado de Caballero. Foreign Relations Ministry, Tegucigalpa, Honduras as well as other honors by the Instituto Hondureño de Antropología e Historia and the University of Honduras mainly for her work with the Tolupan of Montaña de la Flor and the Lencas of Intibuca (2005) Orden al Mérito Docente y Cultural Gabriela Mistral en el grado de Comendador. Given by the Chilean Ministry of Education (2005) References External links Homepage Anne Chapman's European Encounters with the Yamana People of Cape Horn, Before and After Darwin Oxford University Press 1922 births 2010 deaths American anthropologists American women anthropologists American people of French descent American Mesoamericanists Women Mesoamericanists 20th-century Mesoamericanists Mesoamerican anthropologists 20th-century American women scientists American expatriates in Argentina 20th-century American scientists American expatriates in Mexico 21st-century American women
is a Japanese gravure idol, tarento, and sportscaster represented by Asai Kikaku. Filmography TV series Variety and informative programs Dramas Radio series Internet Programs Articles E-books Game apps References External links Tokyo Lucci profile Japanese idols Japanese television personalities 1996 births Living people Mass media people from Tokyo
Flaminio Avet was a World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories. Although born in Nice, France, he served in the Italian military as Italy entered World War I. After a transfer from Lancers to aviation, he trained as a pilot. He began his aerial combat career on 27 November 1918, and would stake a dozen victory claims, eight of which would be verified. He ended the war having won the Silver Medal for Military Valor three times. He returned to Nice postwar, and died there on 21 August 1928. Early life and ground service Flaminio Avet was born in Nice, France on 3 August 1890. Despite being born in France, he joined Italy's 9th "Firenze" Lancers Regiment as an officer as World I heated up. Aerial service in World War I Avet transferred to aviation in early 1916; he made his first flight in a Blériot on 25 May 1916. On 9 September 1916, he was granted his pilot's wings; on 15 November, he gained his military pilot's brevet. On 1 January 1917, he qualified on Aviatiks. On 3 February 1917, he was posted to 73a Squadriglia as a two-seater pilot. He flew his first combat sortie on 14 March 1917. After he gained experience, he was sent to Malpensa for conversion training on Nieuport 17 fighters on 31 August 1917. After that, he went to gunnery training at San Giusto before doubling back to Malpensa for training on the SIA 7. On 1 November 1917, he was posted to a temporary assignment commanding 82a Squadriglia for a fortnight. He staked his first victory claim while serving in this squadron. He was transferred to 70a Squadriglia and would serve with them through war's end, except for another short spell as 82a Squadriglia's commander in June and July 1918. During the latter part of the war, from May to October 1918, he posted another eleven claims for combat victories, all scored while in 70a Squadriglia. His last victory was shared with 2 other pilots (Eleuteri and Bocchese). Though the guns of all three pilots were jammed, "they forced with their presence alone an Austrian airman to give himself up and land at Arcade".[4] A black cross from this aircraft was later souvenired and framed by Avet, which presently survives today. Tenente Flaminio Avet ended the war having thrice been awarded the Silver Medal for Military Valor. List of aerial victories See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Confirmed victories are numbered and listed chronologically. Unconfirmed victories are denoted by "u/c" and may or may not be listed by date. Post World War I On 1 February 1919, the Bongiovanni report from Italy's military intelligence confirmed eight of Avet's victories. Avet returned to Nice, France, where he died on 21 August 1928. Endnotes 4. Gentilli et al., 2003, p89. References Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory. Above the War Fronts: The British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914–1918: Volume 4 of Fighting Airmen of WWI Series: Volume 4 of Air Aces of WWI. Grub Street, 1997. , . Gentilli R., Iozzi A., Varriale P., (2003). Italian aces of World War I and their aircraft. Schiffer Publishing Ltd, Atglen PA. Italian aviators Italian World War I flying aces Italian military personnel of World War I Italian Air Force personnel Recipients of the Silver Medal of Military Valor 1890 births 1928 deaths French emigrants to Italy
Carl Daniel Crowe (born 25 November 1975) is an English former first-class cricketer. Crowe was a right-handed batsman and right-arm off break bowler. He was born in Leicester, Leicestershire. Crowe made his first-class debut for Leicestershire in the 1995 County Championship against Warwickshire. From 1995 to 2009, he represented the county in 42 first-class matches, the last of which came in the 2009 County Championship when Leicestershire played Gloucestershire. In his 42 first-class matches, he scored 695 runs at a batting average of 15.79, with a high score of 44. With the ball he took 60 wickets at a bowling average of 37.85, with best figures of 4/47. Crowe also represented Leicestershire in 38 List-A matches, with his debut in that format for the county coming in the 1996 AXA Equity and Law League when Leicestershire played Middlesex. From 1996 to 2009, he represented the county in 38 List-A matches, with his final appearance for the county in that format coming against Worcestershire in the 2009 Friends Provident Trophy. In his 38 List-A matches for the county, he scored 184 runs at an average of 18.40, with a high score of 23. With the ball he took 32 wickets for the county at an average of 32.00, with best figures of 4/30. Crowe also represented Leicestershire in a single Twenty20 match in the 2009 Twenty20 Cup against Derbyshire at Grace Road, Leicester. During the match in scored 9 runs. Crowe left the county at the end of the 2009 season. While representing Leicestershire, Crowe also represented Berkshire in the Minor Counties Championship, making his debut for the county in the 2003 Championship against Cheshire. From 2003 to present, he represented has represented the county in 33 Minor Counties Championship matches. Crowe has also played in the MCCA Knockout Trophy for Berkshire. His debut in that competition for the county came in 2003 when Berkshire played Hertfordshire. From 2003 to present, he has represented the county in 27 Trophy matches. He also played a single 2 List-A matches for Berkshire, firstly in the 2004 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy against Kent and lastly against Gloucestershire in the 2005 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy at Sonning Lane, Reading. In his 2 List-A matches he scored 3 runs at an average of 1.50, with a high score of 2. With the ball he took a single wicket at a cost of 47. Crowe holds the role of Berkshire player-coach. Coaching career He has worked as spin bowling coach for Kolkata Knight Riders. Family His brother Craig has played List-A cricket for the Leicestershire Cricket Board, as well as playing Minor counties cricket for Berkshire. References External links Carl Crowe at Cricinfo Carl Crowe at CricketArchive 1975 births Living people Cricketers from Leicester English cricketers Leicestershire cricketers Berkshire cricketers English cricket coaches
Starbucks Corporation is an American multinational chain of coffeehouses and roastery reserves headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It is the world's largest coffeehouse chain. the company had 35,711 stores in 80 countries, 15,873 of which were located in the United States. Out of Starbucks' U.S.-based stores, over 8,900 are company-operated, while the remainder are licensed. The rise of the second wave of coffee culture is generally attributed to Starbucks, which introduced a wider variety of coffee experiences. Starbucks serves hot and cold drinks, whole-bean coffee, micro-ground instant coffee, espresso, caffe latte, full and loose-leaf teas, juices, Frappuccino beverages, pastries, and snacks. Some offerings are seasonal or specific to the locality of the store. Depending on the country, most locations provide free Wi-Fi Internet access. Company overview Starbucks was founded in 1971 by Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl, and Gordon Bowker at Seattle's Pike Place Market. During the early 1980s, they sold the company to Howard Schultz who—after a business trip to Milan, Italy—decided to convert the coffee bean store into a coffee shop serving espresso-based drinks. As chief executive officer from 1986 to 2000, Schultz's first tenure led to an aggressive expansion of the franchise, first in Seattle, then across the West Coast of the United States. Schultz was succeeded by Orin Smith who ran the company for five years and positioned Starbucks as a large player in fair trade coffee, increasing sales to US$5 billion. Jim Donald served as chief executive officer from 2005 to 2008, orchestrating a large-scale earnings expansion. Schultz returned as CEO during the financial crisis of 2007–08 and spent the succeeding decade growing the company's market share, expanding its offerings, and reorienting the brand around corporate social responsibility. Kevin Johnson succeeded Schultz as CEO in 2017. In March 2022, Starbucks announced that Schultz would return as CEO in April 2022 in an interim role. Later that September, Laxman Narasimhan was appointed to succeed him in April 2023, with Schultz remaining a member of the board of directors. Narasimhan assumed the position sooner than planned, in March 2023. In addition to drinks and food, many stores carry Starbucks' official merchandise, such as mugs, tumblers, scoops, and coffee presses. There are also several select "Starbucks Evenings" locations that offer beer, wine, and appetizers. Starbucks-brand coffee, ice cream, and bottled cold coffee drinks are sold at grocery stores in the United States and other countries. In 2010, the company began its Starbucks Reserve program for single-origin coffees and high-end coffee shops. It planned to open 1,000 Reserve coffee shops by the end of 2017. However, since succeeding Schultz, Johnson has scaled back the Reserve coffee shops to only six to ten shops. Further development on Reserve coffee shops will be dependent on the success of the few already in existence. Currently, Starbucks operates six coffee roasteries with tasting rooms and 43 coffee bars as part of the program. The latest roastery location opened on Chicago's Magnificent Mile in November 2019, and is the world's largest Starbucks location. The company has been subject to multiple controversies related to its business practices. Conversely, its franchise has commanded substantial brand loyalty, market share, and company value. The company is ranked 120th on the Fortune 500 and 303rd on the Forbes Global 2000, as of 2022. History 20th century 1970s Starbucks originally opened in Seattle, Washington, on March 30, 1971. By selling high-quality coffee beans and equipments related, Starbucks became a local coffee bean retailer for the first ten years in Seattle. It was founded by business partners Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl and Gordon Bowker who first met as students at the University of San Francisco: The trio were inspired to sell high-quality coffee beans and equipment by coffee roasting entrepreneur Alfred Peet. Bowker recalls that a business partner of his, Terry Heckler, thought words beginning with the letters "st" were powerful, leading the founders to create a list of words beginning with "st", hoping to find a brand name. They chose "Starbo", a mining town in the Cascade Range and from there, the group remembered "Starbuck", the name of the chief mate in the book Moby-Dick. Bowker said, "Moby-Dick didn't have anything to do with Starbucks directly; it was only coincidental that the sound seemed to make sense." The first Starbucks store was located in Seattle at 2000 Western Avenue from 1971 to 1976. They later moved the café to 1912 Pike Place. During this time, Starbucks stores sold just coffee beans and not drinks. In its first two years of operation, Starbucks purchased green coffee beans from Peet's Coffee & Tea,. In 1973, Alfred Peet stopped supplying Starbucks and helped train their new Roastmaster, Jim Reynolds. 1980s In 1984, the original owners of Starbucks, led by Jerry Baldwin, purchased Peet's Coffee. By 1986, the company was operating six stores in Seattle and had begun to sell espresso coffee. In 1987, the original owners sold the Starbucks chain to their former director of marketing Howard Schultz, who rebranded his Il Giornale coffee outlets as Starbucks and quickly began to expand the company. Also in 1987, Starbucks opened its first locations outside of Seattle, in Waterfront Station in Vancouver, British Columbia, and in Chicago, Illinois. By 1989, there were 46 Starbucks stores located across the Pacific Northwest and Midwest, and the company was roasting more than of coffee annually. 1990s In June 1992, at the time of its initial public offering, Starbucks had 140 outlets, with revenue of US$73.5 million, up from US$1.3 million in 1987. The company's market value was US$271 million by this time. The 12% portion of the company that was sold raised around US$25 million for the company, which enabled it to double its number of stores over the next two years. By September 1992, Starbucks' share price had risen by 70%. In 1994, Starbucks acquired The Coffee Connection, gaining the rights to use, make, market, and sell the "Frappuccino" beverage. The beverage was introduced under the Starbucks name in 1995. In 1999, Starbucks experimented by opening eateries in the San Francisco Bay Area, under the Circadia restaurant brand. At the same time, Starbucks converted its Seattle Circadia restaurant into a Café Starbucks. In 1999, Starbucks acquired Pasqua Coffee—a San Francisco-based retail coffee chain that had almost 60 locations in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York City. 21st century 2000s In April 2003, Starbucks acquired Seattle's Best Coffee and Torrefazione Italia from AFC Enterprises for US$72 million. The deal only gained 150 stores for Starbucks, but according to the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, the wholesale business was more significant. From 2005 to 2007, Howard Behar served as President of Starbucks North America. In September 2006, rival Diedrich Coffee announced that it would sell most of its company-owned retail stores to Starbucks, including most locations of Oregon-based Coffee People, escalating regional coffee wars. Starbucks converted the Diedrich Coffee and Coffee People locations to Starbucks. The Coffee People locations at Portland International Airport were excluded from the sale. In early 2008, Starbucks started a community website, My Starbucks Idea, designed to collect suggestions and feedback from customers. Other users could comment and vote on suggestions. Journalist Jack Schofield noted that "My Starbucks seems to be all sweetness and light at the moment, which I don't think is possible without quite a lot of censorship." In March 2008, Starbucks acquired Coffee Equipment Company, which was the manufacturer of the Clover Brewing System. It began testing the "fresh-pressed" coffee system at several Starbucks locations in Seattle, California, New York, and Boston. In July 2008, during the Great Recession, Starbucks announced it was closing 600 underperforming company-owned stores and cutting U.S. expansion plans amid growing economic uncertainty. On July 29, 2008, Starbucks also cut almost 1,000 non-retail jobs as part of its bid to re-energize the brand and boost its profit. Of the new cuts, 550 of the positions were layoffs and the rest were unfilled jobs. Additionally in July 2008, Starbucks announced that it would close 61 of its 84 stores in Australia in the following month. Nick Wailes, an expert in strategic management of the University of Sydney, said that "Starbucks failed to truly understand Australia's café culture." In January 2009, Starbucks announced the closure of an additional 300 underperforming stores and the elimination of 7,000 positions. CEO Howard Schultz also announced that he had received board approval to reduce his salary. Altogether, from February 2008 to January 2009, Starbucks terminated an estimated 18,400 U.S. jobs and began closing 977 stores worldwide. In August 2009, Ahold announced closures and rebranding for 43 of its licensed store Starbucks kiosks for their US-based Stop & Shop and Giant supermarkets. 2010s In 2012, Starbucks had annual Frappuccino sales of over US$2 billion. In August 2012, the largest Starbucks in the US opened at the University of Alabama's Ferguson Centre. On June 25, 2013, Starbucks began to post calorie counts on menus for drinks and pastries in all of its U.S. stores. In July 2013, more than 10% of in-store purchases were made on customers' mobile devices via the . The company once again utilized the mobile platform when it launched the "Tweet-a-Coffee" promotion in October 2013. On this occasion, the promotion also involved Twitter and customers were able to purchase a US$5 gift card for a friend by entering both "@tweetacoffee" and the friend's handle in a tweet. Research firm Keyhole monitored the progress of the campaign; a December 2013 media article reported that 27,000 people had participated and US$180,000 of purchases had been made to date. In January 2014, as part of a change in compact direction, Starbucks management transitioned from a singular brand worldwide to focusing on locally relevant design for each store. In May 2014, Starbucks announced ongoing losses in the Australian market, which resulted in all remaining stores being sold to the Withers Group. In July 2017, Starbucks acquired the remaining 50% stake in its Chinese venture from long-term joint venture partners Uni-President Enterprises Corporation (UPEC) and President Chain Store Corporation (PCSC) for US$1.3 billion. On March 21, 2018, Starbucks announced that it was considering the use of blockchain technology to connect coffee drinkers with coffee farmers who could eventually be able to take advantage of new financial opportunities. The pilot program was planned to start with farmers in Costa Rica, Colombia, and Rwanda in order to develop a new way to track the bean-to-cup journey. In 2019, at the Microsoft Build conference, the coffee company formally announced its "bean to cup" program using the Microsoft's Azure-based blockchain service. Two men were arrested in a Philadelphia Starbucks location after a manager claimed the two were trespassing on April 12, 2018. The arrests led to protests due to their apparently racially-motivated nature. CEO Kevin Johnson later apologized for the incident, and the company declined to press charges. During the company's second quarter earnings call on April 26, Johnson indicated that the company had not seen a drop in sales as a result of the event and subsequent coverage. The company reiterated its guidance for full year earnings, and beat consensus expectations of 1.8 percent same-store sales growth, with 2 percent growth. Johnson announced that the company would close some 8000 locations on May 29 for a seminar about racial bias in order to prevent future events similar to those that occurred in Philadelphia. On June 19, 2018, Starbucks announced the closing of 150 locations in 2019; three times the number the corporation typically closes in a single year. The closings were to happen in urban areas that already have dense clusters of stores. In July 2019, Starbucks announced that it would no longer be selling newspapers in its cafés. It was also announced that kiosks for grab-and-go snacks and bags of whole-bean coffee would be removed from stores beginning in September 2019. In November 2019, Starbucks opened its largest store ever on Michigan Avenue, Chicago, with 200 employees. 2020s On March 20, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Starbucks closed all the café-only stores in the United States for two weeks. During that time, only drive-thru and delivery-only services were to function. According to the company representatives, all workers were to be paid for the next 30 days whether they went to work or stayed home. COVID-19 lockdowns caused Starbucks to suffer a general 10% sales decrease, and a 50% decrease in China where quarantine measures were especially strict. In May 2020, the company asked for reduced rent from landlords due to the decrease in sales. In June 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, the company announced that it would close 400 of its locations in the US/Canada region over the subsequent 18 months as it moves from the coffee house concept to what it calls "convenience-led" formats with drive-through and curbside pickup. Starbucks announced that it planned to open 300 stores that will primarily focus on carryout and pickup orders. The new stores will work with the Starbucks mobile app for prepayment by the customer before arrival to pick up the order. The layout of some stores will also be modified with a separate counter for picking up mobile orders. In December 2020, Starbucks announced that it is planning to increase its store count to about 55,000 by 2030, up from roughly 33,000. Bloomberg reported in July 2022 that the company was, through investment bank Houlihan Lokey, exploring selling its stores in the United Kingdom. In August 2022, after months of suspension due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Starbucks sold all its stores in Russia to the Russian rapper Timati. The stores were rebranded as "Stars Coffee", and are very similar to the former stores. Starbucks said it had no comment on the new owner. On October 1, 2022, Howard Schultz steps down as CEO, with Laxman Narasimhan becoming Starbucks's next CEO. On March 23, 2023, Narasimhan told employees that he'll work a half-day behind a store counter each month, and he trained as a barista to immerse himself in the brand and stay close to customers. In June 2023, Starbucks was ordered to pay $25 million in punitive damages and $600.000 compensatory damages to a former regional manager. The court found that Starbucks fired her in 2018 because she was white. American unionization efforts Three of the company's stores in Buffalo, New York began an attempt to unionize in August 2021. Using Twitter, the workers announced they had formed an organizing committee, Starbucks Workers United, to form a union affiliated with Workers United. Two more stores joined the effort in September, however these petitions were later withdrawn to ensure a speedy process for the original three locations. During the union drive, the company sent other managers and executives, including its North America retail president, to Buffalo to engage with employees about operational issues and participate in their work. Employees were forced to attend captive audience meetings that contained anti-union messages. Starbucks temporarily closed some area stores for remodeling and added excessive staff to one of the stores preparing to vote. Workers said this reduced union support there, while Starbucks said the support was meant to compensate for increased sick leave during the pandemic as it had done elsewhere in the country. On November 9 Workers United filed three more petitions for elections to represent workers at additional Buffalo area stores. On November 10 the National Labor Relations Board mailed out votes for the elections at the original three locations. Votes for the original three stores were counted on December 9. Days before the vote count, the NLRB rejected arguments by Starbucks to halt the election. Inspired by their colleagues in Buffalo, workers at a Starbucks store in Mesa, Arizona, petitioned the NLRB for a union election on November 18, 2021, to be represented by Workers United. The organizing at the Mesa location stemmed from, in part, a well-liked manager being terminated after whistle-blowing on Starbucks' anti-union plan. Starbucks temporarily closed two stores participating in the union drive in October for renovations. The company claimed these closures were unrelated to the unionization efforts. Starbucks began working with Littler Mendelson, a self-described "union-busting firm", in October. Starbucks requested that the National Labor Relations Board include all Buffalo Starbucks locations in the union vote, however, the NLRB rejected this argument and declared store by store elections. Finally, on December 9, 2021, the workers at the Elmwood Avenue store became the first unionized Starbucks workers at a Starbucks owned location in the United States with a 19–8 vote. The Camp Road location voted 12–8 not to be in the union. Starbucks does have unionized locations in other countries. On December 13, workers at two Boston area locations petitioned the NLRB for union elections to be unionize with Workers United. The workers cited the win in Buffalo as inspiration for organizing. Workers in at least one location had most cards signed within a day. In February 2022, Starbucks fired seven workers in Memphis who had led the unionization effort and temporarily closed the store. In August 2022, the National Labor Relations Board accused the company of illegally discriminating against unionized workers by refusing them wage and benefit increases and requesting restitution. It also asked that the CEO at the time, Howard Schultz, or a board official read a notice about this supposedly unlawful move. As of August 2022, unions were certified at 211 locations in the US. On November 17, 2022, Starbucks’ annual Red Cup Day and one of the busiest days for employees, over 100 locations had employees go on strike. The workers were seeking higher staffing levels, better wages, and consistent schedules. Most unionization efforts are made through SBWU (Starbucks Workers United). Currently, there are over 9,000 American locations, and since the first unionized location in New York in 2021, less than 3% have voted to unionize. SBWU and Starbucks have yet to successfully negotiate a contract. Starbucks claims in a letter and on its website that the Workers United has delayed bargaining, has illegally broadcast bargaining sessions, refused to meet in person, and that Starbucks has reported more than 22 unfair labor practice charges to the NLRB (National Labor Relations Board). By March 2023, the NLRB found no merit in Starbucks's complaints and instead ruled that it was Starbucks who refused to bargain. On June 23, 2023, Starbucks workers at unionized stores went on strike over the company's stance on in-store LGBT pride decorations. Economic summary Products Coffee cup sizes Low calorie and sugar-free products In January 2008, Starbucks began a "skinny" line of drinks, offering lower-calorie and sugar-free versions of the company's offered drinks that use skim milk, and can be sweetened by a choice of natural sweeteners (such as raw sugar, agave syrup, or honey), artificial sweeteners (such as Sweet'N Low, Splenda, Equal), or one of the company's sugar-free syrup flavors. Non-dairy milk offerings In 1997, Starbucks first offered non-dairy milk at its U.S. stores with the introduction of soy milk. In 2007, Starbucks stopped using milk originating from rBGH-treated cows. The company also adopted a new dairy standard for all espresso-based drinks, switching from whole to 2% reduced fat milk. In 2015, Starbucks began serving coconut milk. In 2016, it began serving almond milk. In January 2020, oat milk became available nationally. The company also offers non-dairy creamers at retail in partnership with Nestle SA. CEO Kevin Johnson said in a 2020 interview that, milk substitutes will be a big part of reducing carbon emissions. That effort has prompted vegans, environmentalists, people with lactose intolerance and others to urge the company to eliminate the upcharge for drinks made with dairy-free milk. PETA encouraged sit-ins at Starbucks locations and purchased Starbucks stock to draw attention to what they believe is an unfair charge. A Starbucks Canada spokesperson told ET Canada that customizations such as added flavours, non-dairy beverages or an additional shot of espresso, will incur an additional charge. In December 2020, Starbucks announced it will offer Oatly oat milk in all US stores starting in spring 2021. Ethos water Ethos water, a brand of bottled water acquired by Starbucks in 2003, is sold at locations throughout North America. Ethos bottles feature prominent labeling stating "helping children get clean water", referring to the fact that US$0.05 from each US$1.80 bottle sold (US$0.10 per bottle in Canada) is used to fund clean water projects in underdeveloped areas. Although sales of Ethos water have raised over US$6.2 million for clean water efforts, the brand is not incorporated as a charity. Critics have argued that the claim on the label misleads consumers into thinking that Ethos is primarily a charitable organization when it is actually a for-profit brand and only 5 cents per bottle supports clean-water projects. The founders of Ethos have stated that the brand is intended to raise awareness of third-world clean water issues and provide socially responsible consumers with an opportunity to support the cause by choosing Ethos over other brands. Starbucks has since redesigned the American version of the Ethos water bottles, stating the amount of money donated per bottle in the description. Instant coffee and coffee capsules In March 2009, Starbucks introduced a line of instant coffee packets, called VIA "Ready Brew". It was first unveiled in New York City with subsequent testing of the product also in Seattle, Chicago, and London. The first two VIA flavors include Italian Roast and Colombia, which were then rolled out in October 2009, across the U.S. and Canada with Starbucks stores promoting the product with a blind "taste challenge" of the instant versus fresh roast, in which many people could not tell the difference between the instant and freshly brewed coffee. Financial analysts speculated that by introducing instant coffee, Starbucks would devalue its own brand. Coffee makers and single-use capsules In September 2012, Starbucks announced plans to introduce the Verismo, a consumer-grade single-serve coffee machine that uses sealed plastic cups of coffee grounds, and a "milk pod" for lattes. In November 2012, Starbucks Verismo became publicly available, consisting of a line of coffee makers that brew espresso and regular chocolate from coffee capsules, a type of pre-apportioned single-use container of ground coffee and flavourings utilizing the K-Fee pod system. In a brief review of the 580 model, Consumer Reports described the results of a comparative test of the Verismo 580 against two competitive brands: Alcoholic drinks In 2010, Starbucks began selling alcoholic beverages at some stores in the United States. In August 2014, Starbucks opened its first store in Williamsburg, Brooklyn which by then was among 30 locations serving beer and wine. In 2016, three locations within Toronto, Ontario also announced they were going to serve alcohol, including up-scale appetizers like bacon-wrapped dates and truffle mac and cheese. Starbucks ensures that the selected locations that serve alcohol are able to accommodate the community, as well as have the space for extra seating and storage. Fruit juices, fruit beverages, and sodas On November 10, 2011, Starbucks acquired juice company Evolution Fresh for US$30 million in cash and planned to start a chain of juice bars starting in around the middle of 2012, venturing into territory staked out by Jamba Inc. Its first store released in San Bernardino, California and plans for a store in San Francisco were to be launched in early 2013. In March 2012, Starbucks began selling a line of iced Starbucks Refresher beverages that contain a green coffee extract. The beverages are fruit flavored and contain caffeine but advertised as having no coffee flavor. Starbucks's green coffee extraction process involves soaking the beans in water. In June 2014, Starbucks began trialing its own line of carbonated sodas, dubbed "Fizzio". The drinks required a special machine to make. Energy drinks In January 2022, Starbucks launched a line of canned energy drinks, called "Baya". The drink contains caffeine from the coffee fruit. Seasonal cups Each year between November–January, Starbucks releases new holiday merchandise, including new paper cups with various festive designs. Barrel-aged coffee In March 2017, Starbucks announced the launch of two new limited-edition specialty drinks made from beans aged in whiskey barrels at its Seattle roastery. Starbucks's barrel-aged coffee will be sold with a small batch of unroasted Starbucks Reserve Sulawesi beans, which are then hand-scooped into whiskey barrels from Washington state. Oleato coffee In February 2023, Starbucks announced it would introduce a line of coffee drinks made with extra virgin olive oil, including lattes, shaken espresso, and cold brews. This would not be a limited-time offering, but rather "'one of the biggest launches we’ve had in decades,'" according to Brady Brewer, the company's chief marketing officer. The goal was to create a new category of beverage. Unlike other drinks, this came about because of the habits of then-CEO Howard Schultz, who was introduced to consuming a teaspoon of olive oil each day by olive oil producer Tommaso Asaro, whom he met in Sicily. At the time of the announcement, the drinks were available in Italy, with plans to introduce them to stores in Southern California in the spring of 2023 and then the UK, Middle East, and Japan later that year. After its launch, CNN reported some customers reported digestive distress after drinking this new offering. Starbucks card and loyalty program In May 2008, a loyalty program was introduced for registered users of the Starbucks Card (previously simply a gift card) offering perks such as free Wi-Fi Internet access, no charge for soy milk and flavored syrups, and free refills on brewed drip coffee, iced coffee, or tea. Each time a customer purchases a drink, they will earn stars if they present their rewards card or scan their card from the mobile app. Eventually, these stars accumulate to allow customers to redeem for perks such as free drinks, free add-ins, free bakery items or selected merchandise. In 2009, Starbucks began beta testing its mobile app for the Starbucks card, a stored value system in which consumers access pre-paid funds to purchase products at Starbucks. Starbucks released its complete mobile platform in January 2011. By December 2011, the number of mobile transactions exceeded 26 million. Electricity and Wi-Fi In August 2002, Starbucks provided free Wi-Fi in the United Kingdom, although in the past, a Starbucks rewards card was required. On July 1, 2010, Starbucks offered free Wi-Fi in all of its stores in the U.S. and Canada. In August 2010, Starbucks began offering free Wi-Fi in Germany via BT Openzone. In October 2012, Starbucks and Duracell Powermat announced a pilot program to install Powermat charging surfaces in the tabletops in selected Starbucks stores in the Boston area. Furthermore, Starbucks announced its support in the Power Matters Alliance (PMA) and its membership in the PMA board, along with Google and AT&T, in an effort to create "a real-world ecosystem of wireless power" through a universal wireless charging standard that customers could use to recharge smartphones. In 2013, it switched providers in the U.S. from AT&T to Google. In August 2016, startup company FluxPort introduced Qi inductive charging pads at select locations in Germany. Locations The company's headquarters is in Seattle, Washington, United States, where 3,501 people worked as of January 2015. The main building in the Starbucks complex was previously a Sears distribution center. , Starbucks had 36,171 locations open across 83 countries, with 61% of the locations operating in the U.S. and China, and the rest operating elsewhere. International expansion Europe In 1998, Starbucks entered the United Kingdom market with the US$83 million acquisition of the then 56-outlet, UK-based Seattle Coffee Company, re-branding all those stores as Starbucks. In October 2002, Starbucks established a coffee trading company in Lausanne, Switzerland, to handle purchases of green coffee. All other coffee-related business continued to be managed from Seattle. In September 2007, the company opened its first store in Russia, ten years after first registering a trademark there. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, on May 21, 2022, Starbucks announced closure of all outlets in Russia, and in July it was revealed that a local restaurant manager, Anton Pinsky, is going to acquire Starbucks' Russian operating company OOO Starbucks and all its 130 stores. In 2008, Starbucks opened in Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, and Portugal. In April 2009, Starbucks opened in Poland. In February 2010, Starbucks opened in Arlanda Airport outside Stockholm, its first location in Sweden. In June 2010, Starbucks opened its first store in Budapest, Hungary. In February 2011, Starbucks started selling its coffee in Norway by supplying Norwegian food shops with their roasts. The first Starbucks-branded Norwegian shop opened in February 2012, at Oslo Airport, Gardermoen. In May 2012, Starbucks opened its first coffeehouse in Finland, with the location being Helsinki-Vantaa Airport in Vantaa. In August 2013, the first Starbucks inside Dansk Supermarked opened in the department stores Salling in Aalborg and Aarhus in Denmark. In April 2014, Starbucks announced a store in Azerbaijan, in the Port Baku Mall. In November 2014, Starbucks announced its first Channel Island store, in the primary business area of St Peter Port in Guernsey. On April 21, 2015, Kesko, the second largest retailer in Finland, announced its partnership with Starbucks, with stores opened next to K-Citymarket hypermarkets. As of June 2017, three stores had been opened next to K-Citymarkets: In Sello in Espoo and in Myyrmanni and Jumbo in Vantaa. In February 2016, Howard Schultz announced the opening of stores in Italy. The first Italian Starbucks store was inaugurated in Milan on September 6, 2018, at which point Starbucks already had locations in 78 countries. In May 2016, the first Starbucks store in Slovakia opened in Aupark in Bratislava. In June 2018, Starbucks announced the opening of stores in Serbia. The first store was opened in April 2019 at Rajiceva Mall. On June 1, 2019, Starbucks opened its first coffee store in Malta at Valletta, the 80th country that will have a Starbucks outlet. Asia In July 1996, the first Starbucks location opened outside of North America: a store in Tokyo, Japan. On December 4, 1997, the Philippines became the third market to open outside of North America. In 2000, Starbucks opened its location in the Forbidden City in Beijing, however, in July 2007, this location was closed after years of controversy since its opening in 2000 with protesters objecting that the presence of the American chain in this location "was trampling on Chinese culture". Between 2001 and 2003, Starbucks opened six (of 80 planned) locations in Israel and having struggled with fierce local competition, Starbucks, along with its partner Delek, however, in April 2003, after losing US$6 million Starbucks Israel closed all six of its locations in Israel, citing "on-going operational challenges" and a "difficult business environment". In January 2011, Starbucks and Tata Coffee, Asia's largest coffee plantation company, announced plans for a strategic alliance to bring Starbucks to India and also to source and roast coffee beans at Tata Coffee's Kodagu facility. In January 2011, Starbucks introduced its largest cup size, the Trenta, which can hold . In October 2011, Starbucks opened another location in Beijing, China, at the Beijing Capital International Airport's Terminal 3, international departures hall; making the company's 500th store in China. The store is the seventh location at the airport. In January 2012, despite a false start in 2007, Starbucks created a 50:50 joint venture with Tata Global Beverages called Tata Starbucks. Tata Starbucks owned and operated Starbucks outlets in India as Starbucks Coffee "A Tata Alliance". Starbucks opened its first store in India in Mumbai on October 19, 2012. On February 1, 2013, Starbucks opened its first store in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and its first location in Hanoi in July 2014. In May 2014, the Starbucks operations in South Korea launched a mobile ordering system named Siren Order, accessible through a local version of the Starbucks smartphone application. In December 2014, Starbucks launched a similar system named Mobile Order & Pay, in Portland, Oregon. The expanded nationwide in 2015, and in late March 2018, the company opened the system, previously available to Starbucks Rewards members only, to all customers. In September 2014, Starbucks announced the acquisition of the remaining 60.5% stake in Starbucks Coffee Japan that it did not already own, for US$913.5 million. In August 2015, Starbucks announced plans to open in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, its 16th market in the China/Asia Pacific region by the end of 2015. On December 18, 2015, Starbucks opened in Almaty, Kazakhstan. On the next day, one more coffee shop was opened. In December 2017, the Starbucks Reserve Roastery opened at HKRI Taikoo Hui in Shanghai, China, the only such location of its kind outside of Seattle. In November 2020, Starbucks announced that it plans to open an outlet in Laos. Americas In September 2002, Starbucks opened its first store in Latin America, in Mexico City. By 2016, there were more than 500 locations in Mexico. In August 2003, Starbucks opened its first store in South America in Lima, Peru. In 2008, Starbucks opened in Argentina and Brazil. In November 2010, the company opened the first Central American store in El Salvador's capital, San Salvador. In June 2012, Starbucks opened a store in San Jose, Costa Rica. In October 2012, Starbucks announced plans to open 1,000 stores in the United States in the next five years. In August 2013, Starbucks's CEO Howard Schultz personally announced the opening of Starbucks stores in Colombia. The first café was set to open in 2014 in Bogotá and add 50 more stores throughout Colombia's main cities in a 5-year limit. Schultz also stated that Starbucks will work with both the Colombian Government and USAID to continue "empowering local coffee growers and sharing the value, heritage and tradition of its coffee with the world." Starbucks noted that the aggressive expansion into Colombia was a joint venture with Starbucks's Latin partners, Alsea and Colombia's Grupo Nutresa that has previously worked with Starbucks by providing coffee through Colcafe. This announcement came after Starbucks's Farmer Support Center was established in Manizales, Colombia, the previous year making Colombia an already established country by the corporation. In late August 2013, Starbucks announced its first store in Colombia at a press conference in Bogotá, where the company's CEO explained, "Starbucks has always admired and respected Colombia's distinguished coffee tradition." In May 2014, Starbucks announced its first café in Bolivia would open in 2014 in Santa Cruz de la Sierra and the first in Panama in 2015. In January 2016, Starbucks announced that it would launch operation in Trinidad and Tobago. On August 29, 2016, Starbucks opened its first store at South Park Mall in San Fernando. In November 2017, Starbucks commenced operations in Jamaica, where the first store opened in the resort city of Montego Bay on the shores of the Doctor's Cave Beach Club, offering views of the Caribbean Sea. The company also reaffirmed its commitment to working with local coffee farmers to "implement systems to increase productivity and yields, while also increasing compliance to international standards." Starbucks Jamaica opened its first store on November 21, 2017, with plans to open 15 locations island-wide over a 5-year period. Starbucks Jamaica opened stores at the Sangster International Airport in Montego Bay and at the Falmouth Pier, in Falmouth, Jamaica. Starbucks Jamaica announced plans to open up to six stores in Kingston, Jamaica, by 2019. The first of the Kingston stores opened on June 21, 2018. The second store is in Kingston's central business district, New Kingston. Starbucks opened its first in-store location in the flagship location for Jamaica's largest Pharmacy chain, Fontana Pharmacy, also located in Kingston; making it Starbucks's third location. In August 2019, a franchised location opened in the Cayman Islands. In October 2019, a franchised location opened in the Turks and Caicos Islands. On April 25, 2023, Starbucks commenced operations in Guyana. Oceania Australia In July 2000, the first location in Australia opened in Sydney. After a massive downturn in 2008, the remaining Australian Starbucks stores were sold to the Withers family in 2014, with the company planning a more restrained expansion. As of November 2022, there are 59 Starbucks stores in Australia; 23 in New South Wales, 19 in Queensland and 18 in Victoria. These stores are spread out across Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, the Gold Coast, the Sunshine Coast and Ballarat. Before the mass-closure of 61 of their 85 stores in 2008, there were also stores in Adelaide, Canberra, Hobart and Wollongong. However, there are plans to open a restaurant in Toowoomba. New Zealand Starbucks operates several locations in New Zealand. Africa In May 2010, Southern Sun Hotels South Africa signed an agreement with Starbucks to brew Starbucks coffees in select Southern Sun and Tsonga Sun hotels in South Africa. The agreement was partially reached so Starbucks coffees could be served in the country in time for the 2010 FIFA World Cup hosted by South Africa. In April 2016, after TASTE Holdings acquired outlet licensing for South African stores, Starbucks opened its first stores in South Africa in Rosebank, Gauteng, Johannesburg and the Mall of Africa. At sea In December 2010, Starbucks debuted their first-ever Starbucks at sea. In partnership with Royal Caribbean International, Starbucks opened a shop aboard the Allure of the Seas, Royal Caribbean's second-largest ship and the second-largest ship in the world. Licensed and franchise operations Stores that independently operate locations include Ahold Delhaize, Barnes & Noble, Target Corporation, Albertsons and, more recently, Publix stores. In the EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa) markets, Starbucks operates a franchising program. Different from the licensing program in which existing corporations may apply to operate a Starbucks kiosk within an existing store, franchises can enable new, freestanding stores. Automation Starbucks has automation systems in some areas. These machines have 280 possible drink combinations to choose from. They have touchscreens, and customers can play games while they wait for their order. Vending machines are said to possibly be able to replace baristas. Starbucks has said it does not want to replace baristas with robots, but use them as a complementary tool. Unbranded stores In 2009, at least three stores in Seattle were de-branded to remove the logo and brand name, and remodel the stores as local coffee houses "inspired by Starbucks". CEO Howard Schultz called the unbranded stores a "laboratory for Starbucks". The first, 15th Avenue Coffee and Tea, opened in July 2009 on Capitol Hill. It served wine and beer and hosted live music and poetry readings. It has since been remodeled and reopened as a Starbucks-branded store. Another is Roy Street Coffee and Tea at 700 Broadway E., also on Capitol Hill. Although the stores have been called "stealth Starbucks" and criticized as "local-washing", Schultz says that "It wasn't so much that we were trying to hide the brand, but trying to do things in those stores that we did not feel were appropriate for Starbucks." Teavana Starbucks entered the tea business in 1999 when it acquired the Tazo brand for . In December 2012, Starbucks paid US$620 million to buy Teavana. Starbucks did not market Teavana products in its stores, though the acquisition allowed the expansion of Teavana beyond shopping malls. In January 2015, Starbucks began to roll out Teavana teas into Starbucks stores, both in to-go beverage and retail formats. Starbucks shut down Teavana in early 2018. Corporate governance and identity Kevin Johnson, who served as president and chief operating officer from 2015 to 2018, and chief executive of Starbucks from 2017 to 2022. Myron E. Ullman became chairman of the firm in June 2018. Both Johnson and Ullman succeeded Howard Schultz, who served in both capacities from 2008 to 2017. Orin C. Smith was president and CEO of Starbucks from 2001 to 2005, after which Jim Donald took over as CEO until 2008. Since 2018, Schultz has served as the firm's first Chairman emeritus. Analysts have long believed that the firm's corporate governance must determine how to contend with higher materials prices and enhanced competition from lower-priced fast-food chains, including McDonald's and Dunkin' Donuts. In October 2015, Starbucks hired its first chief technology officer, Gerri Martin-Flickinger, to lead its technology team. Starbucks maintains control of production processes by communicating with farmers to secure beans, roasting its own beans, and managing distribution to all retail locations. Additionally, Starbucks's Coffee and Farmer Equity Practices require suppliers to inform Starbucks what portion of wholesale prices paid reaches farmers. Board of directors : Mellody Hobson, chair of Starbucks, president and co-CEO of Ariel Investments Richard Allison, former CEO of Domino's Pizza Andrew Campion, COO of Nike, Inc. Beth Ford, CEO of Land O'Lakes Jørgen Vig Knudstorp, executive chairman of LEGO Group Satya Nadella, CEO of Microsoft Laxman Narasimhan, CEO of Starbucks Howard Schultz, president and former CEO of Starbucks Logo In 2006, Valerie O'Neil, a Starbucks spokeswoman, said that the logo is an image of a "twin-tailed mermaid, or siren as she's known in Greek mythology." The logo has been significantly streamlined over the years. In the first version, the Starbucks siren was topless and had a fully visible double fish tail. The image was said by Starbucks to be based on a 16th-century "Norse" woodcut, although other scholars note that it is apparently based on a 15th-century woodcut in Juan Eduardo Cirlot's Dictionary of Symbols. Some scholars have identified the image as Melusine. The connection to Melusine has been questioned; Melusine was not linked to heraldic images of two-tailed mermaids until the late 19th century, making it possibly a late misidentification. In the second logo, which was used from 1987 to 1992, the siren's breasts were covered by her flowing hair, but her navel was still visible. The fish tail was cropped slightly, and the primary color was changed from brown to green, a nod to the Alma Mater of the three founders, the University of San Francisco. In the third version, used between 1992 and 2011, her navel and breasts are not visible at all, and only vestiges remain of the fish tails. The original "woodcut" logo has been moved to the Starbucks's Headquarters in Seattle. At the beginning of September 2006, and then again in early 2008, Starbucks temporarily reintroduced its original brown logo on paper hot-drink cups. Starbucks has stated that this was done to show the company's heritage from the Pacific Northwest and to celebrate 35 years of business. The vintage logo sparked some controversy due in part to the siren's bare breasts, but the temporary switch garnered little attention from the media. Starbucks had drawn similar criticism when it reintroduced the vintage logo in 2006. The logo was altered when Starbucks entered the Saudi Arabian market in 2000 to remove the siren, leaving only her crown, as reported in a Pulitzer Prize-winning column by Colbert I. King in The Washington Post in 2002. The company announced three months later that it would be using the international logo in Saudi Arabia. In January 2011, Starbucks announced that it would make small changes to the company's logo, removing the Starbucks wordmark around the siren, enlarging the siren image, and making it green. Starbucks has been a target of parodies and imitations of its logo, particularly the 1992 version, and has used legal action against those it perceives to be infringing its intellectual property. Environmental and social policies Environmental practices In 1999, Starbucks started the "Grounds for your Garden" program. This gives leftover coffee grounds to anyone requesting it for composting. The goal of the program was to make the company environmentally friendlier. Although not all stores and regions participate, customers can request and lobby their local store to begin the practice. In October 2008, The Guardian newspaper reported that Starbucks was wasting of water a day by leaving a tap constantly running for rinsing utensils in a 'dipper well' in each of its stores, but this is often required by governmental food safety codes. In June 2009, in response to concerns over its excessive water consumption, Starbucks re-evaluated its use of the dipper well system. In September 2009, company-operated Starbucks stores in Canada and the United States successfully implemented a new water saving solution that meets government health standards. Different types of milk are given a dedicated spoon that remains in the pitcher and the dipper wells were replaced with push button metered faucets for rinsing. This will reportedly save up to of water per day in every store. In January 2020, Starbucks shared its new environmental sustainability commitment to become a resource positive company. It announced three preliminary targets: By 2030, Starbucks will aim to reduce its carbon emissions, waste output, and water impact by 50%. It also identified five areas of focus: expanding plant-based menu options; shifting to reusable packaging; investing in regenerative agriculture, reforestation, forest conservation and water replenishment; better ways to manage waste; and more eco-friendly stores, operations, manufacturing, and delivery. Recycling Starbucks began using 10% recycled paper in its beverage cups in 2006—the company claimed that the initiative was the first time that recycled material had been used in a product that came into direct contact with a food or beverage. Allen Hershkowitz of the Natural Resources Defense Council called the 10% content "minuscule", but Starbucks received the National Recycling Coalition Recycling Works Award in 2005 for the initiative. In a 2008 media article, Starbucks's vice president of corporate social responsibility acknowledged that the company continued to struggle with environmental responsibility, as none of its cups were recyclable and stores did not have recycling bins. At the time that the article was published, Starbucks gave customers who brought in their own reusable cup a 10-cent discount, in addition to using corrugated cup sleeves made from 85% post-consumer recycled fiber, which is 34% less paper than the original. During the same period, Starbucks entered into a partnership with Conservation International—pledging US$7.5 million over three years—to help protect the natural environment of coffee-growing communities in Mexico and Indonesia. Plastic straw ban On July 9, 2018, Starbucks President and CEO Kevin Johnson announced that Starbucks will ban the single-use plastic straws by January 1, 2020, on all cold drinks from all locations worldwide due to climate change concerns, pollution, and sea turtle endangerment as the single-use plastic straws failed to be designed for recycling when they were invented. Frappucinos will get straws made from a different material that is sustainable and environmentally friendly such as paper or compostable plastic, while other cold drinks will get straw-less lids. These new modified lids contain 9% less plastic than Starbucks' previous flat lid. The Starbucks locations in Europe, China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Canada, Hawaii, Alaska, Washington D.C., New Mexico, California, New York, Washington State, New Jersey, Oregon, Maryland, Delaware, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island already eliminated single-use plastic straws by the end of 2018. South Korea is the first country to introduce paper straws to all stores among 78 countries in the world that Starbucks has entered. Reusable cups Starbucks has publicly committed to reducing waste by 50% by 2030. After successfully completing the campaign to provide the Reusable Cup in Vietnam in 2020, it held the same event in Korea in 2021. Along with a picture of throwing away a cleanly washed recycled PET bottle on Instagram, a hashtag designated by Starbucks was written and uploaded, and a reusable cup was provided instead of a disposable cup. In April 2013, Starbucks introduced reusable cups where customers would be able to bring their cup into any location and receive a small discount on their drink. When the COVID-19 pandemic first began in 2019, the company halted the use of personal cups due to concerns with the transferring of germs. In June 2021, the company reintroduced personal reusable cups with a contactless new method to eliminate shared touch points between customers and baristas. Starbucks is phasing out disposable cups in Korea entirely by 2025. Farmer equity practices Starbucks began drafting plans for corporate social responsibility in 1994. Since Starbucks has partnered with Conservation International (CI) to draft plans and audit its coffee and farmer equity (C.A.F.E.) program, Starbucks's C.A.F.E. practices are based on a rating system of 249 indicators. Farmers who earn high overall scores receive higher prices than those who achieve lower scores. Ratings categories include economic accountability, social responsibility, environmental leadership in coffee growing and processing. Indicators for social responsibility have evolved and now include 'zero tolerance' indicators that require workers to be paid in cash, check, or direct deposit, ensure that all workers are paid the established minimum wage, that workplaces are free of harassment and abuse, that workplaces are nondiscriminatory and do not employ persons under the age of 14, and several more. Starbucks has moved 90% of its coffee purchases to preferred C.A.F.E. certified providers, and the company is approaching its stated goal to purchase 100% of its coffee through C.A.F.E. or other 'ethically sourced' certification systems. Washington State University Assistant Professor Daniel Jaffee argues that Starbucks's C.A.F.E. practices merely 'green wash' "to burnish their corporate image". Additionally, Professor Marie-Christine Renard of Rural Sociology of Chapingo University in Mexico wrote a case study of Starbucks's, Conservation International's, and Agro-industries United of Mexico (AMSA)'s joint conservation effort in Chiapas, Mexico in which she concluded that "[w]hile the CI-Starbucks-AMSA Alliance paid better prices, it did not allow the producers to appropriate the knowledge that was necessary for the organizations to improve the quality of their coffee." Fair trade In 2000, the company introduced a line of fair trade products. Of the approximately 300 million pounds (136 million kilograms) of coffee Starbucks purchased in 2006, about or 6% was certified as fair trade. All espresso roast sold in the United Kingdom and Ireland is Fairtrade. Groups such as Global Exchange called for Starbucks to further increase its sales of fair trade coffees. After a long-running dispute between Starbucks and Ethiopia, Starbucks agreed to support and promote Ethiopian coffees. An article in BBC News, states that Ethiopian ownership of popular coffee designations such as Harrar and Sidamo is acknowledged, even if they are not registered. Ethiopia fought hard for this acknowledgement mainly to help give its poverty-stricken farmers a chance to make more money. In 2006, Starbucks said it paid for its coffee, more than 33% higher than the commodity price at the time. However, the coffee Starbucks bought for , had a selling price—after transportation, processing, marketing, store rentals, taxes, and staff salary and benefits—of . As of 2013, the Starbucks website sells only one Ethiopian coffee. In addition, Starbucks is an active member of the World Cocoa Foundation. Food bank donations Since 2010, Starbucks has been donating leftover pastries in the United States to local food banks through a food collection service named Food Donation Connection. In March 2016, Starbucks unveiled a five-year plan to donate 100 percent of unsold food from its 7,600 company-operated stores in the U.S. to local food banks and pantries. Perishable food will be transported in refrigerated trucks to area food banks through the company's partnerships with the Food Donation Connection and Feeding America. This program, called FoodShare, is expected to provide up to 50 million meals over the next five years. , the program was in 10 different markets, including New York City. In New York, Starbucks works with Feeding America and City Harvest, both non-profits, to donate food from 45 locations. It plans to expand the program to all 305 Manhattan stores. In September 2019, 60% of Starbucks stores are participating in FoodShare. This level of participation contributed to 20 million meals served to those in need. Cage-free eggs In 2008, Starbucks announced a comprehensive new animal welfare policy banning many inhumane farming practices, including the caging of hens. In 2009, they established a buying preference in North America to use industry best practices for animal husbandry and processing, including egg production. In 2015, Starbucks made a public announcement that they will switch to 100% cage-free eggs by 2020. However, later, the company altered its commitment to just company-owned locations, excluding around 40% of its licensed restaurants. In 2018, Starbucks committed to reaching the goal of using 100% cage-free eggs and egg products in company-operated stores globally by 2020, including Starbucks branded products and those supplied to licensed partners in the North America. They stated their goal to be for all their products to meet high quality and ethical standards, with a commitment to social responsibility standards with animal welfare as a primary focus Organizations such as World Animal Protection and Compassion in World Farming have stated that Starbucks has not shown any demonstrable improvement in animal welfare since 2012. According to the Humane Society of the United States, Starbucks no longer qualifies as having an actual cage-free commitment. In popular culture Hear Music Hear Music began as a music catalog company in 1990, adding a few retail locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. Hear Music was purchased by Starbucks in 1999. In 2002, it produced a Starbucks opera album, featuring artists such as Luciano Pavarotti, followed in March 2007 by the hit CD Memory Almost Full by Paul McCartney, making McCartney the first artist signed to the new Hear Music label sold in Starbucks outlets. In 2006, the company created Starbucks Entertainment, one of the producers of the 2006 film Akeelah and the Bee. Starbucks stores advertised the film before its release and sold the DVD. Starbucks has become the subject of a protest song, "A Rock Star Bucks a Coffee Shop" by Neil Young and his band, Promise of the Real. This single from the album The Monsanto Years criticized both Starbucks's alleged use of genetically modified food and the GMO company Monsanto. Upstanders In September 2016, Starbucks announced a debut of its first-ever original content series called "Upstanders", which aimed to inspire Americans with stories of compassion, citizenship, and civility. The series featured podcasts, written word, and video, and was distributed via the Starbucks mobile app, online, and through the company's in-store digital network. Films In the 2021 film Ghostbusters: Afterlife, it is stated by Ray Stantz (Dan Aykroyd) that Starbucks had taken over the Ghostbusters' firehouse headquarters at North Moore Street after they went out of business and had turned it into a coffeehouse before Winston Zeddemore (Ernie Hudson) bought it back from them. Literature In the 2008 novel Let It Snow: Three Holiday Romances, Starbucks employed one of its key characters named Addie. Partnerships Aeroplan In Canada, Starbucks has partnered with Aeroplan to award Aeroplan points to customers who link their Aeroplan and Starbucks accounts. Aeroplan members receive points for loading money into their Starbucks account. Apple Inc. Starbucks has partnered with Apple Inc. to collaborate on selling music as part of the "coffeehouse experience". In October 2006, Apple added a Starbucks Entertainment area to the iTunes Store, selling music similar to that played in Starbucks stores. In September 2007, Apple announced that customers would be able to browse the iTunes Store at Starbucks via Wi-Fi in the US—with no requirement to log into the Wi-Fi network—targeted at iPhone, iPod Touch, iPad, and MacBook users. The iTunes Store automatically detects recent songs playing in a Starbucks and offer users the opportunity to download the tracks. Some stores feature LCD screens with the artist name, song, and album information of the current song playing. This feature was rolled out in Seattle, New York City, and the San Francisco Bay Area, and was offered in limited markets during 2007–2008. During the fall of 2007, Starbucks also began to sell digital downloads of certain albums through iTunes. Starbucks gave away 37 different songs for free download through iTunes as part of the "Song of the Day" promotion in 2007, and a free "Pick of the Week" download is available from the App Store. MSNBC Starting on June 1, 2009, the MSNBC morning news program Morning Joe has been presented as "brewed by Starbucks" and the show's logo changed to include the company logo. Although the hosts have previously consumed Starbucks coffee on air "for free" in the words of MSNBC president Phil Griffin, it was not paid placement at that time. The move was met with mixed reactions from rival news organizations, viewed as both a clever partnership in an economic downturn and a compromise of journalistic standards. The endorsement deal ended in August 2013. Kraft Foods Starbucks and Kraft Foods entered into a partnership in 1998 to sell Starbucks products in the Mondelez grocery stores owned by the latter. Starbucks claimed that Kraft did not sufficiently promote its products and offered Kraft US$750 million to terminate the agreement; however, Kraft declined the offer, but Starbucks proceeded with the termination anyway. Starbucks wanted to terminate the agreement because at the time, single coffee packs were beginning to become popular. In their agreement, Starbucks was confined to selling packs that only worked in Kraft's Tassimo machines. Starbucks did not want to fall behind in the market opportunities for K-Cups. In mid-November 2013, an arbitrator ordered Starbucks to pay a fine of US$2.8 billion to Mondelez International, a corporate spin-off of Kraft, for its premature unilateral termination of the agreement. Arizona State University In June 2014, Starbucks announced a partnership with Arizona State University (ASU) that would allow Starbucks employees in their Junior and Senior years of college to complete four years of college at Arizona State University's online program for only around US$23,000. Starbucks employees admitted into the program will receive a scholarship from the college, that will cover 44% of their tuition. The remaining balance and all other expenses would be paid by the student or through traditional financial aid. In April 2015, Starbucks and ASU announced an expansion of the College Achievement Program. The program would now allow all eligible part-time and full-time employees working in a U.S. Starbucks to enroll in the program for full-tuition reimbursement. After the completion of each semester, Starbucks reimburses the student their portion of the tuition. The student can then use the reimbursement to pay any loans or debt incurred during the semester. PepsiCo In 2015, Starbucks signed a deal with PepsiCo to market and distribute Starbucks products in several Latin American countries. Spotify In May 2015, Starbucks entered a partnership with music streaming service Spotify. The partnership entailed giving U.S.-based employees a Spotify premium subscription and to help influence the music played in store via playlists made using Spotify. Starbucks was also given its own curated Spotify playlist to be featured on Spotify's mobile app. Disney On June 19, 2015, a Starbucks opened at Disney's Animal Kingdom on Discovery Island. Since the park does not allow plastic straws due to the animals, this location features special green eco-friendly straws with their cold drinks. This was the sixth Starbucks to open in Walt Disney World, following locations in the Magic Kingdom (Main Street, U.S.A.), Epcot (Future World), Disney's Hollywood Studios (Hollywood Boulevard), and two in Disney Springs (Marketplace and West Side). In addition to these six, there are locations in Disneyland (Main Street, U.S.A.), Disney California Adventure (Buena Vista Street), Anaheim's Downtown Disney, and Disney Village at Disneyland Paris. The Downtown Disney and Disney Springs locations are Starbucks-operated, while the locations inside of the theme parks are Disney-operated. Uber Eats In December 2018, Starbucks expanded its partnership with Uber Eats to bring its beverages to U.S. customers' doorsteps, as it had already done for some time in China. Lyra Health Inc. In March 2020, Starbucks announced that starting from April 6, all U.S. employees and their eligible family members could use up to 20 free mental health therapy or coaching sessions per year. They can meet with a counselor face-to-face or video call and will also have unlimited access to self-care apps through Lyra Health Inc. PayPal/Bakkt Through partnerships with financial technology company PayPal and digital asset manager Bakkt, Starbucks customers can reload their Starbucks cards with cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ether. Arla Foods Starbucks have a range of ready-to-drink iced coffee products in shops and supermarkets, which are produced under license by Danish-Swedish dairy cooperative Arla Foods. Reviews and reception Kevin Knox, who was in charge of doughnuts food quality at Starbucks from 1987 to 1993, recalled on his blog in 2010 how George Howell, coffee veteran and founder of the Cup of Excellence, had been appalled at the dark roasted beans that Starbucks was selling in 1990. Talking to The New York Times in 2008, Howell stated his opinion that the dark roast used by Starbucks does not deepen the flavor of coffee, but instead can destroy purported nuances of flavor. The March 2007 issue of Consumer Reports compared American fast-food chain coffees and ranked Starbucks behind McDonald's Premium Roast in the middle of a coffee war. The magazine called Starbucks coffee "strong, but burnt and bitter enough to make your eyes water instead of open." As reported by Time in 2010, third wave coffee proponents generally criticize Starbucks for over-roasting beans. As a result, Starbucks retrained its baristas and changed its roasting methods in 2010 in order to "standardize quality over quantity". The Atlantic reported that this push for higher-quality coffee slowed down orders, but stated "[they] move their product pretty quickly, and with surprising accuracy." Forbes corroborated this trade off between efficiency and quality at Starbucks. In 2018, Business Insider conducted a test of Starbucks coffee judged by 100 coffee experts. It concluded that although staples of the menu were "too sugary", coffee quality materially improved with particularly strong showings in the firm's iced coffee and nitro cold brew coffee offerings. Insider experts, however, did note that the coffee quality in Starbucks Reserves far surpassed that of the typical retail store. Criticisms and controversies Response to Russian invasion of Ukraine Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, a number of companies have faced growing pressure to halt operations in Russia, but have not yet done so. This includes Starbucks. On March 4, Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson stated that the company has no business operations in Ukraine, but does have 130 licensed Starbucks locations in Russia that are wholly owned by a "licensed partner". While Johnson did not comment on their future, he condemned the Russian invasion and did say that the company "will donate any royalties we receive from our business operations in Russia to humanitarian relief efforts for Ukraine." Racial controversies Starbucks has been accused of racial bias and discrimination on several occasions. In 1994, Starbucks settled a lawsuit after two employees were dismissed because of their race, age, and sex. A black woman filed a suit after her direct supervisor, a regional vice president, said he would like to call her Toby, a slave name which was given to African Kunta Kinte in the TV miniseries Roots. Her co-worker spoke on her behalf, after which she was fired. In 2008, a former African American Starbucks engineer sued the company for discrimination after his supervisor failed to address racist bullying he was experiencing at the workplace, instead giving him extra work due to his complaining. Starbucks settled the suit in 2009. In 2014, a Milwaukee Starbucks employee called the police when they noticed a black man sleeping in a park, which resulted in the police officer killing the man by shooting him 14 times, prompting protests. The 2015 Starbucks "Race Together" campaign, when baristas were instructed to write the phrase "Race Together" on customer's cups with the aim to start a national dialogue about race, was heavily criticized and received backlash. In 2018, two black men were arrested and escorted out of a Philadelphia Starbucks after the staff called the police because they refused to leave. The video of the incident quickly became viral and sparked widespread outrage. In another 2018 incident, a black man was denied the code for the restroom for not being a customer, even though at the same time a white man was given that code before ordering anything. In 2020, Starbucks employees were prohibited from wearing Black Lives Matter symbols or phrases on their clothing or accessories. In 2021, a Starbucks in Ireland was fined €12,000 after an Irish Thai customer received her order with a racist drawing on the cup. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has raised allegations against Starbucks for racial bias in its promotions, allegedly based on workforce data from 2007 to 2011 that showed that minority retail partners in the United States received fewer promotions than statistically expected. Union busting In 2022, over a period of few months, Starbucks dismissed more than 85 workers in the U.S. involved in organizing worker unions against unfair labor practices. The workers also accused Starbucks of creating a culture of fear and surveillance in the store. In November 2022, the chain announced it would close a location in Seattle that was the first to unionize. It said the closure was due to safety concerns. On December 18, 2022, over 100 stores across the U.S. undertook a three-day strike in response to alleged union busting and to demand better working conditions. Pride/LGBTQ+ In June 2023, Starbucks attracted controversy for allegedly not allowing workers at some locations in 22 states to put up Pride Month decorations. It came during an ongoing public struggle over the direction of LGBTQ+ rights in the US, with other major corporations, like Target and AB-InBev, which manufactures Bud Light, also caught up. A strike at some stores was announced as a result. See also Coffee culture Coffee substitute List of coffee companies List of companies based in Seattle Multinational corporation References Further reading Behar, Howard with Janet Goldstein. (2007). It's Not About the Coffee: Leadership Principles from a Life at Starbucks, 208 pages. . Clark, Taylor. (2007). Starbucked: A Double Tall Tale of Caffeine, Commerce and Culture. 336 pages. . Michelli, Joseph A. (2006). The Starbucks experience: 5 principles for turning ordinary into extraordinary, 208 pages. . Schultz, Howard. and Dori Jones Yang. (1997). Pour Your Heart Into It: How Starbucks Built a Company One Cup at a Time, 350 pages. . Simon, Bryant. (2009). Everything but the Coffee: Learning about America from Starbucks. 320 pages. . Media Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: External links "Inside Starbucks’ Dirty War Against Organized Labor" at The New York Times 1971 establishments in Washington (state) 1992 initial public offerings American companies established in 1971 Coffee brands Coffeehouses and cafés in the United States Coffee in Seattle Companies based in Seattle Companies listed on the Nasdaq Culture of Seattle Fast-food chains of the United States Multinational companies headquartered in the United States Multinational food companies Restaurants established in 1971
is an unfinished manga series written and illustrated by Osamu Tezuka. Tezuka considered Phoenix his "life's work"; it consists of 12 books, each of which tells a separate, self-contained story and takes place in a different era. The plots go back and forth from the remote future to prehistoric times. The story was never completed, having been cut short by Tezuka's death in 1989. Several of the stories have been adapted into anime and a live-action film. As of 2008, the entire manga series is available in English-language translations. Overview Phoenix is about reincarnation. Each story generally involves a search for immortality, embodied by the blood of the eponymous bird of fire, which, as drawn by Tezuka, resembles the Fenghuang. The blood is believed to grant eternal life, but immortality in Phoenix is either unobtainable or a terrible curse, whereas Buddhist-style reincarnation is presented as the natural path of life. The stories spring back and forth through time; the first, Dawn, takes place in ancient times, and the second, Future, takes place in the far future. Subsequent stories alternate between the past and future, allowing Tezuka to explore his themes in both historical and science fiction settings. Throughout the stories there are various recurring characters, some from Tezuka's famous star system. A character named Saruta appears repeatedly, for example, in the form of various ancestors and descendants, all of whom endure harsh trials in their respective eras. Tezuka began work on a preliminary version of Phoenix in 1954, and the series continued in various forms until his death in 1989. As it progresses, the stories seemed to be converging on the present day. Due to Tezuka dying before the manga's completion, it is not known how this would have played out. Scholar and translator Frederik L. Schodt, who knew Tezuka in life, wrote that he fantasized about a secret ending, "waiting in a safe somewhere to be revealed posthumously". This was not the case, and Tezuka's final intentions with Phoenix remain unknown; its episodic nature leaves each volume highly accessible nonetheless. Many of the Phoenix stories feature an intensely experimental layout and visual design. For example, Universe tells the story of four spacefarers who are forced to leave their spaceship in separate escape pods. The panels of the story are organized such that each character has his own vertical or horizontal tier on the page, emphasizing the astronauts' isolation; the tiers combine and separate as characters join and split up. In an astonishing sequence after one character's death, he is represented for a number of pages by a series of empty black panels. Tezuka was said to have been influenced to create the series after listening to the music of Igor Stravinsky. He also told that he created the image of Phoenix as he was impressed by the Firebird in director Ivan Ivanov-Vano's animation film Konyok Gorbunok (Soyuzmultfilm studio). Arcs After several aborted attempts at a first chapter in the 1950s published in the magazine Manga Shōnen, Tezuka began Dawn in 1967, serialized in COM. The serialization of Phoenix would continue throughout his career, moving to Manga Shōnen after COM's closure in the mid-70s. The final volume, Sun, was serialized in The Wild Age. The first volume, originally serialized in 1967. This story takes place in 240–70 AD, in the era of Queen Himiko of the Yamatai. Using her army, led by feudal general Sarutahiko, to invade the Kumaso, she seeks the Phoenix and eternal youth. The second volume, originally serialized in 1967–68. In Phoenixs chronology, this is the final story chronologically, taking place near the end of mankind. In 3404, the world has become super-modernized, but humanity has reached its peak and shows decline. A young man named Masato Yamanobe is living with his girlfriend, Tamami, a shapeshifting alien. Pursued by Masato's boss, Rock, they eventually take shelter at the isolated base of mad scientist Dr. Saruta, who attempts to preserve life on Earth with the assistance of his robot, Robita. Eventually, nuclear war breaks out. The third volume, originally serialized in 1968–69. This story takes place in 320–50 (Kofun period), and is based on the Yamato-takeru-no-mikoto legend. The decadent king of Yamato is trying to have his own version of Japan's history written. Meanwhile, a "barbarian" tribe, the Kumaso, is writing an unbiased history. The king of Yamato sends his youngest son, Oguna, to murder the barbarian chief, Takeru. On his journey, Oguna encounters the Phoenix. The fourth volume, originally serialized in 1969; also known as Space. The story takes place in 2577 AD, where four astronauts must escape their ruined spaceship in escape pods. The survivors eventually crash into a mysterious planet. Among them is Saruta, who contends with Makimura for the heart of their female companion, Nana. On this strange planet, they eventually meet the Phoenix. The fifth volume, originally serialized in 1969–1970. The story occurs in 720–752 AD, the period in which the Daibutsu of Tōdai-ji was built during the Nara period. One-eyed and one-armed young man Gao, an ancestor of Saruta, turns into a murderous bandit when he is rejected by his village. He attacks a sculptor, Akanemaru, and the two men's paths diverge, but their fates remain linked. Akanemaru becomes obsessed with the Phoenix to the point that he loses sight of his original dreams, while Gao eventually finds a state of grace despite his continuing hardships. Hō-ō is widely considered the masterpiece of the Phoenix series. MSX and Famicom video games, both developed by Konami, were based on this volume. The Viz (English) edition is entitled "Karma". The sixth volume, originally serialized in 1970–1971. The story takes place in 2482–3344 AD. In an age of robotics, technology and science, young Leon dies in a car accident. He is returned to life by scientific surgery, but his now mostly-artificial brain makes him see living things – including humans – as distorted clay figures, while he sees machines and robots as beauties. Leon falls in love with a worker robot, Chihiro, whom he sees as a beautiful girl, and would fight for this forbidden love. A side plot features the robot Robita, who previously appeared in Future. Serialized in COM, 1971. Published in English by Viz as an appendix to the second volume of Civil War (Turbulent Times). Based on the story of the Hagoromo. Published in COM, 1971; continued in Manga Shōnen, 1976–1978. A science fiction epic about the rise and fall of civilization on the deceptively named desert planet of Eden and one boy's universe-spanning search for the planet of his ancestors: Earth. Features numerous cameos from other Science fiction-based Phoenix stories, including the shapeshifting alien "Moopies" first seen in Future, Makimura from Universe and an early model of the Chihiro robot from Resurrection. Black Jack also made an appearance here, under a different name. Published in Manga Shōnen, 1978–1980. The story is about a woodcutter named Benta and his childhood sweetheart, Obu, who are separated and caught up in the events of the Genpei War. Various historical figures, such as Taira no Kiyomori, appear as major and minor characters. Although the character of Gao (from Ho-ō) appears as a 400-year-old hermit and thus links Ranse-hen to the rest of the series, this particular arc stands out for its much more naturalistic approach, with next to no fantasy elements in it (except for those used for comedic effect, such as telephones in the 12th century). The Viz (English) edition is entitled Civil War and is split into two volumes, with Robe of Feathers included as an appendix to the second volume. Published in Manga Shōnen, 1980. A TV producer who attempts to procure human clones to use in a The Most Dangerous Game-style reality TV program learns the error of his ways when he is mistaken for a clone himself. This episode is notable for only featuring the Phoenix in flashbacks and also for introducing her half-human daughter who does not appear again after this episode. Published in Manga Shōnen, 1981. The story of a female Buddhist nun (bhikkhuni) who is imprisoned in a time-warp by the Phoenix as punishment for her sins along with her faithful retainer and is forced to become a healer treating the victims of wars from all over time and space including humans, youkai and various extraterrestrials. This chapter was loosely based on the Hyakki Yakō emakimono by the famous Japanese artist Tosa Mitsunobu (although in the context of the story it's the complete opposite). Published in The Wild Age, 1986–88. This is the longest story, and was the final volume completed before Tezuka's death. It centers on Harima, a young Korean soldier from the Baekje Kingdom whose head is replaced with that of a wolf by Tang Dynasty soldiers following the defeat of the joint Baekje-Yamato force at the Battle of Baekgang. He then escapes to Japan where he becomes the feudal lord Inugami and becomes caught in the middle of the Jinshin War, as well as joining a greater battle between supernatural forces and time-travelling to a bleak future world ruled by a theocracy that claimed to have captured the Phoenix. This chapter stands in stark contrast to the earlier historical Phoenix stories, which tended to de-mythologize the mythical characters therein, for instance in Dawn, many Shinto gods are portrayed as mere humans. In this chapter, however, a wide variety of mythical creatures are shown fighting against Bodhisattva. Early Works Covers the prototype version of the series from the 1950s. Characters Hi no Tori: Keiko Takeshita/Suzanne Gilad Saruta: Tetsuo Komura/Danny Burstein Narrator: Akira Kume/Robert O'Gorman Dawn Nagi: Takeuchi Junko/Michelle Newman Sarutahiko: Tetsuo Komura Himiko: Ryōko Kinomiya/Fiona Jones Hinaku: Sakiko Tamagawa/Carrie Keranen Susanoo: Eizo Tsuda/James Urbaniak Guzuri: Michio Nakao/Jay Snyder Ama no Yumihiko: Masaki Terasoma/Addie Blaustein Ninigi: Akio Ōtsuka/Richard Epcar Shaman: Hikaru Miyata Soldier: Yousuke Akimoto Uzume: Yumi Nakatani/Erica Schroeder Uraji: Yūsaku Yara/Marc Diraison Ojiji: Eisuke Yoda/Richard Springle Obaba: Natsuko Sebata Soldier: Dai Matsumoto Kumaso Takeru: Daisuke Namikawa Yazuchi: Hirofumi Nojima Fuki: Akiko Nakagawa Tajikarao: Toshihide Tsuchiya Kamamushi: Shōzō Iizuka/David Brimmer Chamberlain: Mahito Tsujimura Resurrection Leona: Sasaki Nozomu/Christopher Kromer Lamp: Masashi Hirose/Mike Pollock Chihiro: Misa Kobayashi/Eden Riegel Nielsen: Shinji Ogawa/Ted Lewis Reiko: Fumiko Osaka/Kathleen McInerney Leona's Father: Mantarô Iwao/Marc Thompson Young Leona: Reiko Takagi/Christopher Kromer Strange creatures Sakonnosuke: Mayumi Asano/Kathleen McInerney Yagi Iemasa: Tetsuo Komura Yaobikuni: Tamie Kubota Kahei: Bin Shimada/Mike Pollock Haniwa Jindayu: Kazuhiko Kishino Sun Inugami no Sukune/Harima: Yasunori Matsumoto/Gary Littman Obaba: Seiko Tomoe/Barbara Goodson Azumi-no-Muraji Saruta: Tetsuo Komura Marimo: Ai Uchikawa/Michelle Ruff Emperor Tenji: Masaru Ikeda/Steven Jay Blum Ōama no Miko: Naoya Uchida/Crispin Freeman Ibukimaru: Daisuke Gouri/Michael McConnohie Empress Consort: Atsuko Koganezawa Ōtomo no Miko: Hiroshi Kamiya/Liam O'Brien Prince Takechi: Kenji Nojima/Sebastian Arcelus Tang General: Koichi Sakaguchi Soldier: Kouji Haramaki Hoben: Tamio Ohki/Richard Toth Getsudan: Hisao Egawa Nichidan: Hiroshi Iwasaki Mokudan: Kousei Hirota Kadan: Naomi Kusumi Kokushi: Yutaka Nakano Rubetsu: Takayuki Sugo/Jay Snyder Iki no Karakuni: Takeshi Watabe/Richard Epcar Soga no Hatayasu: Yuzuru Fujimoto/John Avner Soga no Yasumaro: Eiji Yanagisawa Future Masato Yamanobe: Daisuke Namikawa/Michael Sinterniklaas Robita: Shigeru Ushiyama Rock: Takuya Kirimoto/Eric Stuart Old Masato: Osamu Saka/Michael McConnohie Tamami: Yumi Touma/Stephanie Sheh Girl: Akiko Nakagawa Adam: Takahiro Mizushima Eden17 Com: Honoka Yoshida George: Yōsuke Kubozuka Romi: Rie Miyazawa Sudarban: Issey Ogata Publication English edition Phoenix is currently published in English by Viz Communications. Although the second volume was initially published by the now defunct Pulp manga anthology in a larger edition, in 2002, Viz took over the rest of the manga series, and re-released the second volume. Frederik Schodt, Jared Cook, Shinji Sakamoto, and Midori Ueda, members of a Tokyo group called "Dadakai", had already translated the first five volumes of the series around 1977/78, but after handing these translation to Tezuka Productions, they collected dust for nearly twenty-five years. Finally, Schodt and Cook finished translating the rest of the series and Viz published the entire series in English, starting in 2002 and completing it in March 2008. It has been criticized for being a dumbing-down, including overlapping artwork with unnecessary new narration, and altering character names (such as Sarutahiko to Saruta) to make their reincarnations more obvious to the reader. However, Tezuka was known to update his manga every few years, so the U.S. version could reflect the last known edition of the series. The Viz editions are released "flipped" (the original right-to-left orientation is reversed for easier reading in English). Some of the shorter stories have been consolidated into one book (based on the Japanese publication), and Troubled Times has been split across two; this resulted in each Viz book having a similar page count. While many of the actual Viz books are out of print, they became available again through digital purchase on Kindle. Viz later offered the digital version of Phoenix manga in 2014. Volumes in English Vol. 1 – Dawn Released March 2003. Vol. 2 – A Tale of the Future / Future This volume was released first, in May 2002, as a stand-alone graphic novel; Dawn was released a year later, as Vol. 1, followed by the rest of the series. A Tale of the Future was initially released in a larger size; the series releases, starting with Dawn, are digest-sized. A Tale of the Future was reprinted in the smaller size in 2004, titled Future, with Vol. 2 appended to the title. Vol. 3 – Yamato / Space Collects Yamato and Space in one book; released November 2003. Vol. 4 – Karma Originally titled Ho-ō; released May 2004. Listed at #2 in Time Magazine's "Best Comix of 2004". Vol. 5 – Resurrection Released December 14, 2004. Vol. 6 – Nostalgia Released March 26, 2006. Vol. 7 – Civil War, Part 1 Originally titled Troubled Times, and here split into two books; the first was released June 13, 2006. Vol. 8 – Civil War, Part 2 / Robe of Feathers Collects the ending of Troubled Times, and includes Robe of Feathers; released September 12, 2006. Vol. 9 – Strange Beings / Life Collects Strange Beings and Life in one book; released December 19, 2006. Vol. 10 – Sun, Part 1 Released March 20, 2007. Vol. 11 – Sun, Part 2 Released September 18, 2007. Vol. 12 – Early Works Released March 18, 2008. Adaptations Live-action film A live-action film entitled Hi no Tori, based on the Dawn storyline, directed by Kon Ichikawa and including some animated sequences directed by Tezuka, was released in 1978. The cast included Tomisaburo Wakayama and Tatsuya Nakadai. It was released in the United States on VHS by Video Action under the cover title The Phoenix (Hinotori) in 1982, using a subtitled print, letterboxed only in the split-screen sequence. To date, the film is available on DVD only in Spain, where it is titled Fénix. The film included a brief appearance by Astro Boy, substituting for another character to illustrate his attempts to get on a horse. The score was co-composed by Michel Legrand and Jun Fukamachi. Anime Most volumes of Phoenix were adapted into anime. The best-known feature film, Phoenix 2772, loosely adapts elements from various Phoenix volumes and other Tezuka works into a complete whole cloth scenario. A second animated feature, Phoenix: Karma Chapter was released on December 20, 1986, and was later succeeded by two sequel OVAs, Yamato Chapter and Space Chapter, in 1987. A 13-episode anime television series also aired in 2004 in Japan, and was released in English in October 2007 by Anime Works. The anime premiered in Jamaica on CVM Television in June 2017. A short film by the same staff as the TV series, Phoenix: Robe of Feathers, was released on July 17, 2004. Episode list Dōgo Onsen hot spring bathhouse released a three-episode net anime collaboration with Phoenix in 2019–2020. A four-episode anime ONA adaptation by Studio 4°C, titled Phoenix: Eden17, premiered worldwide on Disney+ on September 13, 2023. It was directed by Shōjirō Nishimi, with character designs and animations handled by Tatsuzou Nishida, Eiko Tanaka serving as producer, and Katsunari Mano and Saku Konohana writing the series' scripts. A film version with a different ending, Phoenix: Reminiscence of Flower, is set to premiere in Japanese theaters on November 3, 2023. Video games A MSX adaptation of Karma was created by Konami. The Phoenix also made a cameo appearance in the 2003 Astro Boy series and 2004 Astro Boy: Omega Factor game for the Nintendo Game Boy Advance, along with a number of other Tezuka characters. Hi no Tori Hououhen (1987, MSX2) Hi no Tori Hououhen: Gaou no Bouken (1987, Famicom) Black Jack Hinotorihen (2006, Nintendo DS) DS de Yomu Series: Tezuka Osamu Hi no Tori 1 (2008, Nintendo DS) DS de Yomu Series: Tezuka Osamu Hi no Tori 2 (2008, Nintendo DS) DS de Yomu Series: Tezuka Osamu Hi no Tori 3 (2008, Nintendo DS) Reception and legacy Phoenix is considered one of the greatest manga of all time, and is often ranked as one of Tezuka's greatest manga. In 2006, Phoenix ranked 1st in the Japan Media Arts Festival's special 'experts' ranking (consisting of critics, editors, people working in the industry, etc.) for the greatest manga of all time, which it held to mark its 10th anniversary. In a 2009 poll held by Asahi Shimbun for 'Greatest Shōwa Manga', Phoenix ranked 12th, the 3rd highest Tezuka manga behind Astro Boy and Black Jack. Mangaka Naoki Urasawa has spoken about how the first time he read Phoenix he was shocked that a work of this quality existed, and that since reading it, he has never been as significantly impacted by anything since, so much so that he would mark it as the moment he became an adult. The titular Phoenix is considered an icon of manga, and a sculpture of the character is featured as a prominent permanent exhibition in the Kyoto International Manga Museum. A statute of the Phoenix is also featured outside the Osamu Tezuka Manga Museum. The Resurrection arc of Phoenix inspired the lyrical theme of the 2018 song "M.D.O." by heavy metal band Lovebites. In celebration of what would have been Tezuka's 90th birthday, Evil Line Records released the compilation album New Gene, Inspired from Phoenix on October 30, 2019. It features songs inspired by Phoenix written and performed by various artists, including Glim Spanky, Kizuna AI, Tavito Nanao and Naotarō Moriyama. Notes See also List of Osamu Tezuka anime List of Osamu Tezuka manga Osamu Tezuka Osamu Tezuka's Star System References External links Tezuka Osamu @World , Tezuka's official site (in Japanese and English) Official Phoenix Page at publisher VIZ Media, LLC Animerica review (Hi no tori, live-action film, 1978) (Hi no tori 2772: Ai no kosumozôn, anime film, 1980) (Hi no tori: Hôô-hen, anime film, 1986) (Hi no tori: Yamato-hen, OVA, 1987) (Hi no tori: Uchû-hen, OVA, 1987) 1967 manga 1978 films 1980 anime films 1980 films 1986 anime films 1986 films 1987 anime OVAs 2004 anime television series debuts 2023 anime ONAs 2023 anime films 2023 films Anime series based on manga Animated films based on manga Fantasy anime and manga Films directed by Rintaro Live-action films based on manga Manga adapted into films NHK original programming Osamu Tezuka anime Osamu Tezuka characters Osamu Tezuka manga Unfinished comics Phoenixes in popular culture Shōnen manga Studio 4°C Tezuka Productions Viz Media manga Gekiga Gekiga by Osamu Tezuka Video games developed in Japan Cultural depictions of Himiko 2004 films Yamato Takeru Legend
Kossoff Kirke Tetsu Rabbit is an album by guitarist Paul Kossoff, drummer Simon Kirke, bassist Tetsu Yamauchi and keyboard player John "Rabbit" Bundrick. The album was released in 1972. Background Recorded after Free disbanded, drummer Kirke elected to remain with guitar player Paul Kossoff forming a quartet with Bundrick and Yamauchi in 1971. Kirke has noted that although initially Kossoff appeared in good spirits and was engaged in making the album he increasingly indulged in drugs often falling asleep between takes or while listening to playbacks. By April 1972 Free had reformed with Andy Fraser and Paul Rodgers making peace, and Kossoff appeared to pull it together if only briefly. Kossoff resumed taking drugs during the U.S. tour to support the last album by the original quartet Free at Last. On the eve of their Japanese tour Fraser fought with Rodgers and once again left the band, to be replaced by Yamauchi. Rodgers and Kirke elected to fill out the band bringing Bundrick on board as a member of Free for the tour and the last Free album Heartbreaker. Although well received and filled with quality songwriting, "Kossoff Kirke Tetsu Rabbit" suffered from the lack of a strong lead vocalist like Rodgers. Kirke's song "Anna" was later re-recorded with Bad Company, the band that he and Rodgers established after the final breakup of Free. Also, "Hold On" was covered by Maggie Bell, which was included in the album "Suicide Sal". The album was reissued in 2007 by Ork Records, a division of Cherry Red, in a remastered edition with a 12-page booklet featuring an interview with Bundrick. Track listing Personnel Paul Kossoff – lead guitars, vocals on Colours John "Rabbit" Bundrick – piano, electric piano, Mellotron, organ, vocals Tetsu Yamauchi – bass guitar Simon Kirke – drums, vocals Additional personnel B.J. Cole – steel guitar on tracks 7 & 9 Production Produced by Paul Kossoff, Simon Kirke, Tetsu Yamauchi & John "Rabbit" Bundrick Engineered By Richard Digby Smith and Tony Platt References 1972 debut albums Island Records albums Paul Kossoff albums Simon Kirke albums Tetsu Yamauchi albums John Bundrick albums Collaborative albums
Following is a list of current and former courthouses of the United States federal court system located in Colorado. Each entry indicates the name of the building along with an image, if available, its location and the jurisdiction it covers, the dates during which it was used for each such jurisdiction, and, if applicable the person for whom it was named, and the date of renaming. Dates of use will not necessarily correspond with the dates of construction or demolition of a building, as pre-existing structures may be adapted for court use, and former court buildings may later be put to other uses. Also, the official name of the building may be changed at some point after its use as a federal court building has been initiated. Courthouses Key References External links Colorado Federal courthouses Courthouses, federal
is a railway station located in Kankijichō, Shimogyō-ku, Kyoto. The station was opened on 16 March 2019, and operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West), with station number JR-E02. The station is served by the Sagano Line (Sanin Main Line). History The Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum and Kyoto Aquarium, which opened on 14 March 2014, are both located in Umekoji Park. Moreover, with the expansion of the Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum into the new Kyoto Railway Museum opening on 29 April 2016, the number of visitors increased significantly. However, they are 1.7 kilometers away from the nearest railway station, Kyoto Station. In May 2014, the Kyoto Chamber of Commerce and Industry submitted a proposal to build a new station between Kyoto and Tambaguchi, in order to increase convenience for traveler and boost the local economy. In August of the same year, the proposal was taken into consideration by the Kyoto Government. On 2 February 2015, a Statement of Mutual Consensus was signed by JR West and the Kyoto Government, which states that the total cost of the station construction is 4.9 billion yen, with JR West paying 1.9 billion yen, and the Kyoto Government paying 1.5 billion yen, and the remaining 1.5 billion yen be paid by national subsidies. Timeline 2 February 2015 - Mutual Consensus signed between City Government and JR West. 12 August 2016 - JR West announced the designs for the new station. 19 September 2016 - Ground-breaking Ceremony. 30 September ~ 1 October 2017 - Track elevation works. 26 March ~ 27 April 2018 - Public polling for station name. 20 July 2018 - Station name finalised by JR West to be Umekōji-Kyōtonishi Station. The tentative construction name was "JR Nanajō Station". 16 March 2019 - Opening of business. Namesake On 20 July 2018, JR West was announced in a press conference that the name for this station is Umekōji-Kyōtonishi Station. This name is a combination of several terms. Umekōji (梅小路) refers to Umekōji Park (梅小路公園), which is a signature landmark of the surrounding neighbourhood. Kyōtonishi (京都西) means Kyoto West, as the station is located west of Kyoto Station. Station layout The station is elevated, and consist of 2 tracks and 2 platforms with platform doors installed. Surrounding area Umekoji Park Kyoto Railway Museum Kyoto Aquarium See also List of railway stations in Japan Sagano Line References This article incorporates material from the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia. External links Railway stations in Kyoto Prefecture Railway stations in Japan opened in 2019 Railway stations in Kyoto Sanin Main Line
Pennsylvania Route 946 (PA 946) is a rural Pennsylvania state highway that runs approximately from PA 248 in Berlinsville east to PA 191 in Newburg in Northampton County in the Lehigh Valley region of the state. The route heads east from PA 248 a short distance to the south of Blue Mountain, passing through Danielsville and intersecting the northern terminus of PA 987 in Klecknersville. After intersecting PA 512 in Moorestown, PA 946 turns southeast and intersects PA 248 again before reaching its terminus at PA 191. PA 946 was first designated in 1928 onto an unpaved road running from a point between Danielsville and Youngsville and PA 512 in Moorestown while part of PA 512 ran along the alignment east of Moorestown. In the 1930s, PA 946 was extended to its current alignment, replacing that section of PA 512, and was paved. Route description PA 946 begins at an intersection with PA 248 in the community of Berlinsville in Lehigh Township in Northampton County, which is in the Lehigh Valley, heading northeast on two-lane undivided Mountain View Drive. West of PA 248, Mountain View Drive continues towards the borough of Walnutport. From the western terminus, the route passes through a mix of farms, woods, and residences. The road curves east and reaches the residential community of Danielsville, where it intersects Blue Mountain Drive a short distance south of Blue Mountain. Past this community, PA 946 heads southeast through a mix of rural areas and residences, curving east and passing through the community of Rockville. The route crosses into Moore Township and runs through a mix of farmland and woodland, passing through the community of Youngsville and crossing the Hokendauqua Creek. The road curves southeast into residential areas, passing through Klecknersville before coming to the northern terminus of PA 987 in Cross Roads. At this point, PA 987 continues southeast and PA 946 turns northeast onto Community Drive, passing more homes before curving east into a mix of farm fields and woods with a few residences. The route curves southeast and reaches the community of Moorestown, where it crosses PA 512. Past this intersection, the road becomes Nazareth Drive and curves south, passing residential neighborhoods. PA 946 heads southeast into a mix of farms, woods, and homes, where it crosses into Bushkill Township and becomes Daniels Road. The route soon enters Upper Nazareth Township and runs south through a mix of farm fields and residential subdivisions before it intersects PA 248 in Christian Springs. After this intersection, the road passes through a mix of farms and trees to the west of a quarry and crosses Norfolk Southern's Cement Secondary. The route runs through more rural areas and passes through the community of Georgetown before it crosses into Lower Nazareth Township. Here, PA 946 passes through a mix of agricultural areas and residential subdivisions before it reaches its eastern terminus at an intersection with PA 191 in the community of Newburg. History The present-day routing of PA 946 was not legislated as a route when Pennsylvania first legislated routes in 1911. In 1928, PA 946 was designated along an unpaved road running from a point between Danielsville and Youngsville, where a paved local road continued west towards Walnutport, east to PA 512 in Moorestown. The portion of road between Moorestown and PA 12 (now PA 191) in Hecktown was designated as the southern portion of PA 512, which was unpaved and was under construction between PA 12 and PA 45 (now PA 248). In the 1930s, PA 946 was extended to its current alignment between PA 45 (now PA 248) near Walnutport and PA 12 (now PA 191) in Hecktown, by which time the entire road was paved. The route replaced PA 512, which was rerouted to head south to Bethlehem, between Moorestown and Hecktown. PA 946 has remained on the same alignment since. Major intersections See also References External links Pennsylvania Highways: PA 946 946 Transportation in Northampton County, Pennsylvania
John Roxburgh may refer to: J. F. Roxburgh (John Fergusson Roxburgh; 1888–1954), British schoolmaster and author Jack Roxburgh (John Maxwell Roxburgh; 1901–1975), Canadian ice hockey administrator and politician John Roxburgh (footballer) (1901–1965), British footballer John Roxburgh (minister) (1806–1880), Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland John Roxburgh (racing driver) (1932–1993), Australian racing driver John Roxburgh (Royal Navy officer) (1919–2004), British admiral
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Gijón, Spain. Prior to 20th century 844 – Gijón successfully resisted a Norman raid. 1395 – Gijón was burned down. 1560 – Gijón city archives active (approximate date). 1721 – built. 1797 – founded. 1842 – Population: 16,558. 1865 – built. 1878 – El Comercio newspaper begins publication. 1888 – El Bibio bullring opens. 1884 – Establishment of railway communications. 1892 – El Musel port opens. 1900 – Population: 47,544. 20th century 1905 – Sporting de Gijón is founded. 1930 – Population: 78,239. 1940 – Population: 101,341. 1955 – The construction of the Universidad Laboral finished. 1981 – Population: 255,969. 1982 – Part of 1982 FIFA World Cup football contest held in Gijón, including the controversial match between West Germany and Austria. 1987 – Vicente Álvarez Areces becomes mayor. 1992 – Palacio de Deportes opens. 1999 – becomes mayor. 21st century 2003 – (botanical garden) founded. 2011 Carmen Moriyón becomes mayor. Population: 276,969. 2019 – Ana González becomes mayor. 2023 – Carmen Moriyón becomes mayor again. Evolution of the Gijón map 19th century 20th century 21st century See also Other cities in the autonomous community of Asturias:(es) Timeline of Oviedo List of municipalities in Asturias References This article incorporates information from the Asturian Wikipedia and Spanish Wikipedia. Bibliography External links Items related to Gijón, various dates (via Europeana) Gijón Gijon
Sweet Vengeance is the debut full-length studio album by the Greek/Swedish melodic death metal band Nightrage. It was released by Century Media Records on 30 June 2003. Some song titles are shortened versions of ones used for demo versions of their respective songs. Critical reception Writing for AllMusic, John Serba said the album was "consistently excellent in both song and performance" and "any fan of the melodic European death metal scene should foam at the mouth upon hearing Nightrage's debut." Blabbermouth was more critical of the album, calling it an "above average slab of melodic crunch that can at different points be both skilful and disparate." Laura Taylor for Exclaim! stated that "the band pulls off the stylistic experimentation admirably well" and that it "isn't the straightforward melodic death metal album that the first few tracks might lead you to expect." Track listing Japanese releases feature a bonus track, an extended demo version of "Gloomy Daydreams". Personnel Band members Tomas Lindberg − vocals Marios Iliopoulos − guitars Gus G − guitars Brice Leclercq − bass Guests Per Möller Jensen − drums (tracks 1-10) & arrangements Fredrik Nordström − keyboards Tom S. Englund − clean vocals (tracks 3, 8-10) References External links Nightrage Discography Nightrage albums Century Media Records albums 2003 debut albums Albums produced by Fredrik Nordström
Rådmansvången is a neighbourhood of Malmö, situated in the Borough of Centrum, Malmö Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden. References Neighbourhoods of Malmö
Rammam hydro power project is a NTPC owned run-of-the-river based project approx 150 km from Bagdogra / Siliguri in Darjeeling district, West Bengal, India. Darjeeling town is 50 km from the project. Capacity of power generation is 120 (3 x 40) MW, References Hydroelectric power stations in West Bengal Year of establishment missing
Adult Learning Wales () is a registered charity and adult education provider serving the whole of Wales. History The present body was formed on the merger of Workers' Educational Association WEA Cymru and YMCA Community College on 1 August 2015, and adopted the present name in November 2016. WEA Cymru was itself a product of a recent merger, when on 10 January 2014 WEA South Wales joined with Coleg Harlech WEA (North). WEA (South Wales) The Workers’ Educational Association WEA in South Wales traces its roots to a conference at Cory Hall in Cardiff in October 1906 initiated by Albert Mansbridge, with representatives of local authorities, trade unions and the university college. Twelve branches were formed between 1907 and 1914, bringing adult education to working people primarily in Glamorgan and Monmouthshire. The network continued to expand after the Great War under the leadership of secretary John Davies. Coleg Harlech WEA (North) Workers’ education in North Wales began as classes in quarries under the auspices of the University College of North Wales. From 1925, a new North Wales district of the WEA was set up, with R. Silyn Roberts as its first District Secretary. By 1927 classes in existence had trebled, providing for 1250 adults. After Silyn's early death in 1930, his widow, Mary Silyn Roberts, succeeded him as Secretary, also a lecturer, and the association continued to grow, with over 3,000 learners by the 1940s. Coleg Harlech was founded in 1927 by Thomas Jones, Cabinet Secretary to both David Lloyd George and Stanley Baldwin, to continue the work of WEA in a residential environment. On 1 August 2001, the Workers’ Educational Association (North Wales) and Coleg Harlech merged to form Coleg Harlech WEA (North). The merged Association continued the common longstanding tradition of liberal arts adult education to enable adults to develop their capacity to learn and fulfil their potential, but also continued to enlarge this by developing vocational education and training, including providing opportunities for socially and educationally disadvantaged adults both in residence at Harlech and in communities and workplaces across North and Mid Wales. WEA publications In its heyday, the WEA in Wales published ‘’The Highway’’ in English, and ‘’Lleufer’’ in Welsh, the latter under the editorship of David Thomas. YMCA Community College YMCA Community College was an independent body linked to the wider YMCA movement. It provided adult education, mostly to male learners, often vulnerable people, including ex-offenders and youth workers, across the whole of Wales. Adult education provision Adult Learning Wales/Addysg Oedolion Cymru has a presence across Wales. It provides adult education throughout Wales, sometimes in its own buildings, but often at third-party premises, as required. Governance The Association is a registered charity with the Charity Commission (registration number 1071234) and a company limited by guarantee (company number 3109524), governed by a Council of trustees. It is a membership based organisation at £10 per annum. Students, former students, staff and other people wishing to support the Association are particularly encouraged to apply. There is a branch network throughout Wales. The main source of funding is the Welsh Government as a designated institution under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. Since renaming as Adult Learning Wales - Addysg Oedolion Cymru, the organisation additionally retains the branding of predecessor institutions. References Notes Bibliography J. England (ed.) (2007). Changing Lives: Workers’ Education in Wales 1907–2007, P. Stead (1977). Coleg Harlech: The First Fifty Years, E. White (1977). Thomas Jones: Founder of Coleg Harlech, External links Official Website Further education colleges in Wales Adult education in the United Kingdom
Eugène Flachat (16 April 1802 – 16 June 1873 ) was a French civil engineer. Eugène Flachat and his half-brother Stéphane Mony built the railway line from Paris to Saint Germain(fr) between 1833 and 1835. They also built the Paris-Versailles Right Bank railway. Eugène Flachat built the first railroad station in Paris. He is remembered today for redesigning the Gare Saint-Lazare railway station in Paris in 1851 and other railroad related projects. He died in Arcachon. A street in Paris is named for him. His name is one of the 72 names inscribed on the Eiffel Tower. References External links Rue Flachat, Paris Engineers from Paris 1802 births 1873 deaths Burials at Montmartre Cemetery French railway civil engineers French railway pioneers
Age of the Tempest (Finnish: Myrskyn sankarit; formerly titled Heroes of the Storm in English) is a tabletop role-playing game, designed by Mike Pohjola and published by the board game company Tactic. The first part, Heroes of the Storm – Sword of the Great King was published in 2013 and retitled into Age of the Tempest – Sword of the High King in May 2014. Age of the Tempest – Sword of the High King (translated by Ville-Eemeli Miettinen) is about forest-dwelling rebels, who fight against the troops of the evil dictator. The role-playing game was first published in Finland in Finnish, and later internationally in English, initially as Heroes of the Storm, and finally as Age of the Tempest. The role-playing game is published as a boxed set, and is available in Finland in book stores, department stores and hypermarkets, as well as traditional gaming stores. International distribution will take most of 2013. The game was crowdfunded in 2012 with a campaign that gathered gamers both from Finland and all over the world. Trademark dispute In October 2013, when the game was titled Heroes of the Storm, video game company Blizzard Entertainment changed the title of its upcoming video game to Heroes of the Storm, causing a dispute about the trademark. According to the trademark database TMview, provided by the European trademark registry OHIM, Blizzard applied for an EU-wide Community trade mark in September 2013, which was registered in February 2014, whereas Mike Pohjola applied for a Finnish trademark in October 2013. In May 2014, the role-playing game changed its name to Age of the Tempest and Pohjola's trademark application was withdrawn. References External links Official website Publisher website Distributor website Fantasy role-playing games Finnish role-playing games Role-playing games introduced in 2013
Robert A. Innes (23 July 1878 – 1959) was a Scottish professional footballer of the early twentieth century. Born in Lanark, he played for Notts County and Nottingham Forest between 1901 and 1905, and made a total of 71 appearances in the English Football League. References 1878 births 1959 deaths Scottish men's footballers Footballers from Lanark Gillingham F.C. players Nottingham Forest F.C. players Notts County F.C. players Swindon Town F.C. players Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players Scottish football managers St Bernard's F.C. managers Scottish Football League managers Men's association football players not categorized by position English Football League players
Kris Smith (born 20 August 1978) is an English Australian model, television presenter and former professional rugby league footballer. Career Rugby league In England, Smith played for a number of British Super League clubs including the Leeds Rhinos, London Broncos, Halifax Blue Sox, Salford Red Devils, Oldham Roughyeds (Heritage № 1201) and Swinton Lions. Modelling Smith has worked extensively as a model after he was signed to an agency in the United Kingdom following his retirement from rugby league. Following his move to Australia in 2008, he was signed as a Myer ambassador - a contract that has subsequently been renewed several times. Television In 2010, Smith was announced as the new co-host of FOX8 reality series Football Superstar replacing Brian McFadden. Smith was one of the celebrity contestants to compete on the first episode of Celebrity Come Dine With Me Australia on Lifestyle. Smith competed against Josh Thomas, Chloe Maxwell and Prue MacSween on the episode which aired in December 2012. Throughout 2012 and 2013, Smith was a regular contributor to Network Ten's discussion program Can of Worms. In June 2013 Smith was announced as one of the four original presenters of the Seven Network's new early afternoon infotainment program The Daily Edition, hosting the show alongside Tom Williams, Monique Wright and Sally Obermeder. Smith continued in this role until it was announced he would be scaling back his commitments to the program from January 2015. It was revealed in January 2017 that Smith would be one of the contestants to compete on the third series of Network Ten reality series, I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. Smith was the fourth celebrity to be eliminated from the competition. His nominated charity was White Ribbon Australia, having revealed on the show he was once the victim of domestic violence. Smith guest hosted Network Ten lifestyle program The Living Room in 2018. Also that year, he was one of the celebrities who took part in the Seven Network's The Real Full Monty. In early 2019, it was reported that Smith had teamed up with three of his The Real Full Monty castmates (Shane Jacobson, Todd McKenney and Brian Taylor) to film a new travel comedy show for the Seven Network called Mates on a Mission. In August 2019, Smith appeared on a celebrity edition of The Chase Australia alongside Lisa Curry, Brendan Jones and Ricki-Lee Coulter. The team managed to achieve a collective total of $47,000 during the first four rounds for their respective charities, but lost the money when they were beaten by The Chaser, Matt Parkinson in the "Final Chase". Smith was representing Challenge. Personal life Smith has had a number of highly publicised relationships, including with performer Dannii Minogue, with model and nutritionist Maddy King, and with personal trainer and former Australia's Next Top Model contestant, Sarah Boulazeris. He has one son with Minogue who was born in 2010, and two daughters with Boulazeris, born in 2018 and 2019. Smith suffers from osteoarthritis and will need to get titanium knee replacements in the future. Smith is also known for his involvement with a number of charitable organisations and causes. References 1978 births Australian male models Australian people of English descent Australian rugby league players Australian television presenters English emigrants to Australia English male models English television presenters English rugby league players Halifax R.L.F.C. players Living people London Broncos players Models from Sydney Oldham R.L.F.C. players Rugby league players from Salford Rugby articles needing expert attention Swinton Lions players
Hrdlív () is a municipality and village in Kladno District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. Etymology The name is derived from the personal name Hrdlej or Hrlej. Geography Hrdlív is located about north of Kladno and northwest of Prague. It lies in the Prague Plateau. History The first written mention of Hrdlív is from 1316. From the 15th century, Hrdlív was part of the Smečno estate, which belonged to the Martinic family (since 1792 Clam-Martinic). After the abolition of feudalism in 1848, Hrdlív became part of Třebichovice municipality. In 1906, it became a separate municipality. Sights The most notable building is a small Baroque chapel dating from 1745. References External links Villages in Kladno District
Edgar Springs is a city in Phelps County, Missouri, United States. The population was 208 at the 2010 census. History A post office called Edgar Springs has been in operation since 1866. The community was named after a nearby spring on the property of John Edgar. Geography Edgar Springs is located on the Salem Plateau region of the Missouri Ozarks. The town is on U.S. Route 63 at the southern edge of the Mark Twain National Forest. Rolla is approximately 18 miles to the north and Licking in Texas County is 13 miles to the south. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land. As of the 2000 census, Edgar Springs was the closest town to the mean center of U.S. population, the theoretical center of the United States based on population. The exact point was approximately 2.8 miles east of the town at 37°41'49.15" North, 91°48'34.44" West. Demographics 2010 census As of the census of 2010, there were 208 people, 87 households, and 58 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 112 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 95.67% White and 4.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.96% of the population. There were 87 households, of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.3% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age in the city was 37.5 years. 23.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.1% were from 45 to 64; and 13% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.1% male and 52.9% female. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 190 people, 91 households, and 53 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 100 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 96.84% White, 2.11% Native American, 0.53% Asian, 0.53% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.63% of the population. There were 91 households, out of which 23.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.7% were non-families. 38.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 24.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.74. In the city the population was spread out, with 21.6% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.3 males. The median income for a household in the city was $30,000, and the median income for a family was $30,781. Males had a median income of $25,625 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,672. None of the families and 4.9% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 22.9% of those over 64. Traffic Tickets The city has been identified as a speed trap. Edgar Springs opposed the 2016 cap on traffic fines. In 2018, the city filed a financial statement with the Missouri State Auditor's Office. Most cities are limited to keeping 20% of their annual general operating revenue. A resident who petitioned for the 2018 audit of city revenue was banned from the premises of city hall with the exception of board meetings. A 2022 court ruling found the city in violation of both due process and Sunshine Law requirements. Climate Edgar Springs has a humid subtropical climate with cold winters and warm summers. Notable people Mayme Ousley, first woman elected mayor of a town in Missouri, was born in Edgar Springs. James Robert Lamar, Missouri congressman who was born here in 1866. References Cities in Phelps County, Missouri Cities in Missouri
The 1959–60 Danish Ice Hockey Championship season was the third season of ice hockey in Denmark. Three teams participated in the final tournament, and KSF Copenhagen won the championship. Jütland Regional Tournament Teams Silkeborg SF Rungsted IK Silkeborg SF qualified for the final tournament. Final tournament Semifinal Rungsted IK - Silkeborg SF 17:1 Final KSF Copenhagen - Rungsted IK 6:5 References Michael Søvsø: Fra pionerånd til verdensklasse - Danmarks Ishockey Union i 60 år (2009) External links Season on eliteprospects.com Danish 1959 in Danish sport 1960 in Danish sport
Ecopower or EcoPower is a portmanteau word. It may refer to: A design feature of the Saab H automobile engine; A system developed by Pratt & Whitney to clean the interior working parts and surfaces of jet engines Ecopower (cooperative): a Belgian cooperative offering renewable energy.
Newport is a small unincorporated community located in Tuscarawas County at latitude 40.359 and longitude -81.343. It is actually 3.1 miles South from the center of Uhrichsville, Ohio. The elevation is 873 feet above sea level, in the Eastern Time Zone (UTC-5). Observes Daylight Saving Time and is in the Uhrichsville, Ohio ZIP Code of 44683. Today it is strictly a rural neighborhood with one church, the Newport Methodist Church. History Newport was laid out in 1833. The post office at Newport was called Tracy. The Tracy post office was established in 1880, and remained in operation until 1918. References Unincorporated communities in Ohio Unincorporated communities in Tuscarawas County, Ohio
The Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy (ISERP) is the research arm of the social sciences at Columbia University, formerly known as the Paul F. Lazarsfeld Center for the Social Sciences. ISERP works to produce pioneering social science research and to shape public policy by integrating knowledge and methods across the social scientific disciplines. ISERP organizes an active intellectual community at Columbia University through its Faculty Fellows program, research centers, projects, and training initiatives. History ISERP is the direct descendant of the Bureau of Applied Social Research (BASR), established at Columbia University in 1944 by sociologist Paul F. Lazarsfeld. One of the first social science institutes in the nation, the Bureau made landmark contributions to communications research, public opinion polling, organizational studies, and social science methodology. BASR’s tradition was carried on by the Paul F. Lazarsfeld Center for the Social Sciences, established in 1976 after Lazarsfeld’s death and later renamed to honor him. Under directors Harold W. Watts, Jonathan Cole, and Harrison White, the Lazarsfeld Center expanded its interdisciplinary reach and established particular strengths in the sociology of science and network analysis. The Lazarsfeld Center for the Social Sciences was one of the centers incorporated into the Institute at its founding in 1999 as the Institute for Social and Economic Theory and Research (ISETR). Also joining ISETR were the Center for Urban Research and Policy, founded in 1992, and several new research centers. In January 2001, ISETR merged with the Office of Sponsored Research to become the Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy. The institute is currently led by professors Thomas DiPrete and Matthew Connelly. Fellowship The fellowship of ISERP is drawn from faculty of the departments of Anthropology, Economics, History, Political Science, Psychology, Sociology, and Statistics, as well as of Barnard College, the Earth Institute, Teachers College, the Mailman School of Public Health and the Schools of Architecture, Planning and Preservation, Business, International and Public Affairs, Law, and Social Work. Centers and Major Projects The Institute contains fifteen research centers and major projects that conduct basic research, develop policy initiatives, and train graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. American Institutions Project The American Institutions Project focuses on Congress, regional issues, the treasury, and the military. Applied Statistics Center The Applied Statistics Center is a community of scholars at Columbia organized around research projects in the human, social, and engineering sciences, as well as basic statistical research. It is directed by Andrew Gelman. Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies The Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies functions as a research entity and a site for intellectual dialogue and collaboration for academics who are committed to analyzing the dynamics of complex inequity and stratification, as well as to policy and legal advocacy. It is directed by Kimberlé Crenshaw. Center for Research on Environmental Decisions (CRED) CRED studies decision making under climate uncertainty and risk. Its objectives address the human responses to climate change and climate variability. Center for the Study of Democracy, Toleration, and Religion (CDTR) CDTR, opened in 2006, conducts research and training on the tensions between religion, toleration, and democracy. Center for the Study of Wealth and Inequality (CWI) CWI investigates the economic well-being of families and societal inequality. It interests encompass family welfare and standard of living as well. Center on Organizational Innovation (COI) COI promotes research on organizational innovation as well as new forms of collaboration, communication, and coordination made possible with the advent of interactive technologies. Columbia Center for the Study of Development Strategies The Center for the Study of Development Strategies provides a forum at Columbia to support rigorous field based research on major questions in the political economy of development. Columbia Program for Indian Economic Policies(PIEP) PIEP is led by Jagdish Bhagwati and Arvind Panagariya. The Program brings together scholars from Columbia and other universities and think tanks around the world. The program houses a data center on India’s economy and organizes lectures, seminars, and conferences in the U.S. and India. Initiative for Policy Dialogue (IPD) IPD, led by Nobel laureate Joseph E. Stiglitz, helps developing countries respond to globalization. Paul F. Lazarsfeld Center for the Social Sciences The Lazarsfeld Center, the oldest of the ISERP centers, is the catalyst for new research through its sponsorship of workshops, seminars, and conferences. The center is well known for playing a central role in the development of social network analysis and relational sociology. Public Opinion Project (POP) The Public Opinion Project (POP) examines trends in public opinion, public policy, and political leadership in the United States. Roundtable on the Sexual Politics of Black Churches This project convenes a team of sixteen African American scholars and religious leaders for a series of three convenings over a period of seventeen months. The Global Health Research Center of Central Asia Columbia University's Global Health Research Center of Central Asia brings together multidisciplinary expertise from Columbia, Central Asia and the surrounding region to address a range of global health challenges: HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted infections (STIs),hepatitis C, substance abuse, malnutrition, mental health and other threats to health. Understanding Autism Project Autism is a condition characterized by impairments in communication, social interaction, and stereotyped or repetitive behaviors. No one knows with certainty what has caused autism prevalence—which has increased roughly ten-fold in the past forty years—to increase so precipitously. This group looks explores this increase. References External links Columbia University Think tanks based in the United States Social science research institutes Research institutes in New York (state)
Utricularia odontosepala is a small to medium-sized, probably annual, carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is native to tropical Africa, where it can be found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, and Zambia. U. odontosepala grows as a terrestrial plant in damp, peaty soils in grasslands at altitudes from to . It typically flowers between April and September. It was originally described and published by Otto Stapf in 1912. Peter Taylor later reduced the species to a variety of U. welwitschii in 1964 but then reversed his decision and reestablished Stapf's original treatment of the species. See also List of Utricularia species References Carnivorous plants of Africa Flora of Malawi Flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Flora of Zambia odontosepala
In Norse mythology, Snotra (Old Norse: , "clever") is a goddess associated with wisdom. Snotra is attested in the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson, and in the Gautreks Saga, where she is the mother of Gautrek son of Gauti, the eponymous ancestor of the Geats, and Goths, a son of Oðinn as King of Sviþjoð. Scholars have proposed theories about the implications of the goddess. Attestations In chapter 35 of the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning, High provides brief descriptions of 16 ásynjur. High lists Snotra thirteenth, and says that Snotra "is wise and courteous". In addition, High adds that, after Snotra's name, a wise man or woman can be called snotr. In the Prose Edda book Skáldskaparmál, Snotra is included among a list of 27 ásynjur names. Apart from these two sources, Snotra is otherwise unattested. Reception Andy Orchard and Rudolf Simek state that, as Snotra is unattested beyond the Prose Edda, Snotra may be an invention of Snorri's. Orchard theorizes that, otherwise, Snorri may have had access to a lost source, and that the little information Snorri presents may be derived from the meaning of her name. Simek says that Snorri may have invented Snotra from the Old Norse word snotr ("clever") and "placed [her] next to other insignificant goddesses." However, Simek also writes that the goddesses Snotra, Sága, Hlín, Sjöfn, Vár, and Vör should be considered vaguely defined figures who "should be seen as female protective goddesses" that are all responsible for "specific areas of the private sphere, and yet clear differences were made between them so that they are in many ways similar to matrons." Notes References Faulkes, Anthony (Trans.) (1995). Edda. Everyman. Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell. Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. D.S. Brewer. Ásynjur Wisdom goddesses
Mukund Nayak (born 15 October 1949), is an Indian artist. He is a folk singer, songwriter and dancer. Nayak is an exponent of Nagpuri folk dance Jhumar. He is recipient of the Padma Shri and Sangeet Natak Akademi Award. Early life and family He was born in Bokba village of Simdega district, Bihar (now Jharkhand) in 1949. He belongs to a family of a Ghasi community, who are traditionally musicians. He completed B.SC from Jamshedpur. He married Dropadi Devi. He has five children including Nandlal, Praduman and twin Chandrakanta and Suryakanta. Career With aim to preserve traditional folk arts, Mukund Nayak had started performing songs in public places with other cultural activist like Bharat Nayak, Bhavya Nayak, Praful Kumar Rai, Lal Ranvijay Nath Shahdeo and Kshitij Kumar. In 1974, he joined Akashvani as performer. His first performance at larger audience was at Jaganathpur Mela in Ranchi. In 1979, he left the job of an industrial chemist and joined the Song and Drama Division of Bihar Government. It gave him the opportunities to work in radio and television. With government patronage, he traveled abroad to perform in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Philippines and United States. In 1980, when regional and tribal language department formed in Ranchi University, he became associated with the University. In 1981, he came in contact with Dr Carol Merry Baby researcher on Karam music of South Bihar and got a chance to work with her. In 1988, his troupe performed at the third "Hong Kong International Dance festival" of The Hong Kong Institute for the Promotion of Chinese Culture. In 1985, he established an organisation "Kunjban" to promote Nagpuri culture. Kunjban promotes Nagpuri culture, especially Nagpuri Jhumar. He also worked in many nagpuri films. His first nagpuri film was Sona Kar Nagpur produced and directed by Dhananjay Nath Tiwary produced in 1992 and released in 1994. Filmography Awards and honors Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, 2019 Padma Shri, 2017 Sanskritik Samman (2017) by Kala Sanskriti Vibhag. Jharkhand Gaurav Sammaan by Prabhat Khabar. Jharkhand Ratna Award by Lok Kala Samiti & Dainik Jagran. References Living people People from Ranchi People from Simdega district 1949 births Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts Indian male folk singers Indian male dancers Indian male singer-songwriters Indian singer-songwriters Nagpuria people Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Antonio Núñez Jiménez was a Cuban geographer, speleologist, archaeologist, scientist and revolutionary. Núñez was born in Alquízar, Havana Province (current Artemisa Province) on April 20, 1923. In 1950, he received his first doctorate from the University of Havana, and later received a second doctorate from the Lomonosov Moscow State University of Moscow. In 1995, the Speleological Society of Cuba and the Cuban Society of Geography awarded him the title of "fourth discoverer of Cuba", placing him at the height of men such as Christopher Columbus, Alexander von Humboldt and Fernando Ortiz, for his contribution in the field of underground Cuba. Considered the father of Cuban Speleology. In the 1950s he discovered the largest cave in the country: the Great Cavern of Santo Tomás. He participated in numerous scientific expeditions such as those to the North Pole, Antarctica, Easter Island, the Galapagos, and En Canoa del Amazonas al Caribe. First president of the Cuban Academy of Sciences and founding president of the Speleological Federation of Latin America and the Caribbean and of various national and international scientific societies. Internationally known for his scientific work in the field of Geographical Sciences, especially in Speleology, one of his greatest passions, and in geohistorical issues of the most dissimilar regions of the planet. Creator of the Foundation of Nature and Man. His studies contributed to preparing the theater of operations, where Column 8 "Ciro Redondo" would later arrive in 1958 in the Cuban Revolution, and there he was appointed Captain of the Rebel Army. He participates in the liberation of Fomento, Cabaiguán, Placetas, Remedios, Caibarién and Santa Clara, under the command of Ernesto Che Guevara. His literary work is extensive with more than 190 books and pamphlets and 1,665 articles, as well as documentaries, interviews, and others. Death Núñez died in Havana on September 13, 1998. His work is highly respected in Cuban government circles. References Núñez Jiménez, Antonio, 1959, Geografía de Cuba. Lex. Havana. Marrero, Levi, 1981, 5th edition "Geografía de Cuba" La Moderna Poesía, Coral Gables Florida. External links Antonio Núñez Jiménez and his expedition to Camagüey Cuban revolutionaries 1923 births 1998 deaths People of the Cuban Revolution University of Havana alumni
The Flores green pigeon (Treron floris) is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands of Indonesia and occur on the islands Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Solor, Lembata, Pantar and Alor. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, and dry savanna. It is threatened by habitat loss. The Flores green pigeon feeds primarily on fruit and therefore a forest habitat is essential for its survival. Its relatively small population qualifies this species to be categorized as a "Vulnerable" one. While hunting poses somewhat of a threat to the Flores green pigeon, its primary threat remains as the loss of habitat due to the burning of vegetation during the dry season. References Pire, John. "Flores Green Pigeon." International Dove Society. 4 Feb. 2008 External links BirdLife Species Factsheet. Flores green pigeon Birds of Flores Birds of the Lesser Sunda Islands Flores green pigeon Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Endemic birds of Indonesia
The Summoned Stakes is a Melbourne Racing Club Group 3 Thoroughbred horse race, raced under set weights with penalties conditions for mares aged four years old and upwards, over a distance of 1500 metres run at Sandown Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in mid November. Prize money for the race is A$200,000. History The race is named after the mare Summoned, who bore five different Group winners. In 2013 the event was held at Caulfield Racecourse due to construction at Sandown Racecourse. In 2021 the race was run at Caulfield Racecourse. Grade 1995–2012 - Listed race 2013 onwards - Group 3 Distance 1995–2012 - 1500 metres 2013 - 1600 metres 2014 onwards - 1500 metres Winners 2022 - My Whisper 2021 - Steinem 2020 - Missile Mantra 2019 - Jamaican Rain 2018 - I'm A Princess 2017 - Long Time Ago 2016 - Silent Sedition 2015 - Solicit 2014 - Politeness 2013 - Floria 2012 - Cabernet 2011 - Hi Belle 2010 - Happy Hippy 2009 - Dane Julia 2008 - Bernicia 2007 - Zip Baby Zip 2006 - Hasta La Ciao Ciao 2005 - Umber 2004 - Tully Bellotto 2003 - Irongail 2002 - Bridal Hill 2001 - Paris Heartbeat 2000 - It's Platonic 1999 - Rose Of Dane 1998 - Cannyanna 1997 - Vonanne 1996 - Innocent Affair 1995 - Tolanda See also List of Australian Group races Group races References Horse races in Australia
Iglesia de Santa María (Valdediós) is a church in Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain. It is within the Monasterio de Santa María de Valdediós. The only three Romanesque altars in Asturias are preserved in the church. It is a Romanesque-style Cistercian church built in the 13th century. The church is made up of three naves with semicircular apses and ribbed vaults. The church is the only element that survives from the initial construction of the monastery, because the other buildings that made up the group deteriorated due to successive floods in the area. References Churches in Asturias
Trigonomma is a genus of flies in the family Chloropidae. References Europe Nearctic Chloropidae genera
Missouri Pacific Depot is a historic train station located at Charleston, Mississippi County, Missouri. It was built in 1916-1917 by the Missouri Pacific Railroad, and is a one-story, rectangular brick building with white, smooth-cut limestone wainscotting. The building measures . It had a red tile hipped roof with a seven foot wide overhang. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. References Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri Railway stations in the United States opened in 1917 National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi County, Missouri Charleston Former railway stations in Missouri
Hahamongna (alternatively spelled Hahaamonga or Jajamonga) and Hahamog-na are historic Tongva villages located in the Verdugo Mountains of Southern California named after the local Tongva band's name Hahamog'na. The village sites are located in present-day Pasadena and Glendale in Los Angeles County, California. Hahamongna was one of the largest Tongva villages in the greater San Fernando Valley area, along with Cahuenga, Tujunga, and Siutcanga. Locations Hahamongna - Glendale Hahamongna was located in present-day Glendale and named Hahamongna existed on the lower southwestern Verdugo Mountains slopes and the eastern San Fernando Valley plain, with the free-flowing Los Angeles River just south. This village location would later be on the western portion of Rancho San Rafael, an early Spanish land grant in 1784 issued by Las Californias Governor Pedro Fages to Spanish Corporal José María Verdugo (1751–1831), in present-day Glendale in the San Fernando Valley. Hahamog-na - Arroyo Seco Hahamog-na is the Tongva village archeological site located in the upper Arroyo Seco area just above the Devil's Gate in the present-day Altadena-Pasadena-Jet Propulsion Laboratory-JPL area. It is in the Arroyo Seco canyon-valley and on the lower slopes where the eastern Verdugo Mountains, southern San Gabriel Mountains, and western San Rafael Hills meet. The site of Hahamog-na is now within the protected natural area of Hahamongna Watershed Park, a habitat and plant community blend of: Freshwater marsh wetlands, riparian zones, native oak woodlands, and chaparral elfin forests. This Tongva settlement was later a rancheria on the large 1834 Mexican land grant of Rancho San Pascual, issued by Alta California Governor José Figueroa to Juan Maríne and Eulalia Pérez de Guillén Mariné. Hahamog-na Tongva band The band of Tongva people living in the Verdugo Mountains area, that both settlement locations are within, were named the Hahamog-na and Hahamongna by some Spanish-Mexican eras 'neighbors' and later Euro-American immigrants and historians. The two settlements sharing the 'same sounding' name, with different spellings given by non-native people, may stem from the band inhabiting both places. Research with present-day Tongva-Gabrieleño people, historical researchers and ethnologists, and supported by citations is needed. See also Category: Tongva populated places — all Tongva settlement articles Tongva language Category: Tongva - all Tongva articles Indigenous peoples of California Population of Native California Rancho La Cañada - adjacent on northeast List of Ranchos of California References Reference citations for the Hahamongna and Tongva entries in the Rancho San Pascual and Eulalia Pérez de Guillén Mariné Wikipedia articles. External links Hahamongna locator Map Save Hahamongna.org website — ongoing open space and historic sites protection, and riparian zone restoration projects. Tongva populated places History of Pasadena, California History of the San Fernando Valley History of Los Angeles County, California Parks in Los Angeles County, California Former settlements in Los Angeles County, California Arroyo Seco (Los Angeles County) Altadena, California Verdugo Mountains
IAM (pronounced "I am") is a French hip hop band from Marseille. Formed in 1989, it comprises Akhenaton (AKH; Philippe Fragione), Shurik'n (Geoffroy Mussard), Khéops (Éric Mazel), Imhotep (Pascal Perez) and Kephren (François Mendy). IAM has several meanings, including Invasion Arrivée de Mars ("Invasion from Mars"; Mars is frequently used as a metaphor for Marseille in IAM songs). Another meaning is Imperial Asiatic Man, while AKH often refers to L'homme Impérial Asiatique. Themes One of IAM's central themes in its songs is Africa. The group, which is one of the pioneer French rap groups, draws heavily in their music on allusions to Africa and particularly ancient Egypt. Their 1991 song "Les tam-tam de l'Afrique" was one of the first French rap hits to deal expressly with the issue of slavery. Using a sample of a Stevie Wonder song, "Les tam-tam de l'Afrique" focuses on the "abduction of its inhabitants, the Middle Passage, and the plantation system in the Americas". IAM promotes an ideology that is based upon images associated with ancient Egypt, primarily upon the mythical allusions to pharaohs. By 1989 the group developed a unique rap style, mixing French beats and lyrics with Middle Eastern and Egyptian influences. Their stage names are of Egyptian origin; one of the group members, Eric Mazel, goes by the name Kheops, an allusion to the Egyptian pharaoh who built pyramids. This connection with ancient Egypt allows IAM "to assert connections to the contemporary Arab world in an indirect way." Indeed, this "pharaoism", as French rap music specialist Andre Previous calls it, represents an attempt to negotiate and maintain a cultural identity in the context of a social scene rife with racist and discriminatory ideologies. Because many Muslims don't feel at home in white French society, references to Arabic origins and Islamic fundamentalism are part of a highly socially contested discourse on identity politics in French music. Thus, by employing 'pharaoism' to hide these references to and elicitations of the Arab world, IAM successfully articulates its connections with the "Franco-Maghrebi" cause and establishes an important social space for itself. The pharaoist aspects of IAM's rap help the group stay in touch with its origins where some non-white French people have assimilated unquestioningly into the surrounding French culture. Therefore, the group's rap is both politically charged and defiant, as it attempts to subvert notions of racial superiority by "[proposing] multiracial alliance as an alternative to the 'old' [French] politics." Most importantly, rap provides IAM with a place to address social issues and speak out against racial intolerance where the group can actually be heard. In fact, the first single release from their second album, "Je danse le Mia", "went on to prove an enormous hit on the French mainstream", according to French radio station RFI Musique. In this way, the use of 'pharaoism' as a mystical and coded strategy for the injection of Arabic and Egyptian lyrics, ideas, and sentiments into the music is what makes it commercially viable. Otherwise, if the music were any more outright in its references to Arabic origins, white French conservatives might identify it with Islamic Fundamentalism's grips over North African diasporatic communities living in France and try to censor it and impede the cause it stands for. "'Les tams-tams de l'Afrique' was one of the first hits of French rap and dealt expressly with slavery. Using a sample of 'Pastime Paradise' by Stevie Wonder, this track focused on the plunder of Africa, the abduction of its inhabitants, the Middle Passage, and the plantation system in the Americas". Collaborations IAM have a long history of collaborations with the American hip hop group, the Wu-Tang Clan. IAM have sampled an Inspectah Deck lyric from the Wu-Tang Clan song "C.R.E.A.M", which states "Life as a shorty shouldn't be so rough" in their 1998 single, "Petit frère". Additionally, they featured a number of Wu-Tang affiliated artists on their 1997 single "La saga" and later members Method Man and Redman on their 2004 single "Noble Art" the video was directed by New York-based artist "Brad Digital". They were also featured in the song of RZA "Seul face à lui". These hip hop groups have a number of similarities, probably due to the fact that IAM member Akhenaton has listed Wu-Tang as one of his five favorite hip hop artists of all time. One notable example is that both groups have connections to Islam. The Wu-Tang Clan are known members of the Five-Percent Nation and often include Islamic references in their music. On the previously mentioned IAM collaboration, "La saga," rapper Prodigal Sunn states that "IAM, sunz of man from the royal fam, never ate ham, never gave a damn", referencing the dietary restrictions that Muslims have to follow. Similarly, French rappers IAM have used their music to display an alternative Muslim identity [Ref. necessary]. IAM also collaborated with US rapper Lucas on the song "Spin the Globe" with rappers from 5 different countries spitting in 5 different languages showcasing the universal appeal and voice of hip hop. Discography Albums Mixtapes 1989: IAM Concept 2007: Official Mixtape 2012: Assassins Scribes 2013: Assassins Scribes 2 Live albums DVD Live 2007: Live au Dôme de Marseille (DVD) Compilation albums Singles Other releases 1997: "La saga" (featuring Timbo King, Dreddy Krueger and Prodigal Sunn) 2004: "Second souffle" 2007: "Une autre brique dans le mur" 2007: "Ca vient de la rue" 2007: "Offishall 2008: "Coupe Le Cake" Discography (solo projects) Soundtracks References External links Official website IAM Concept French hip hop groups Virgin Records artists Musical groups from Marseille Rappers from Bouches-du-Rhône 1989 establishments in France Musical groups established in 1989
Minoru N. Tamura is a Japanese botanist at the Botanical Garden of the City University, Osaka. Tamura is a specialist in the taxonomy of the family Liliaceae who has significantly contributed to the "Flora of China" and the "Flora of Thailand". Tamura's system of classification of the Liliaceae in 1998 was a significant step in the modern understanding of this family. Publications Minoru N. Tamura, Shingchi Chen, Nicholas J. Turland. A New Combination in Heteropolygonatum (Convallariaceae, Polygonateae) NOVON 10(2): 156-157. 2000. Minoru N. Tamura, Liang Songyun (Liang Song-jun) and Nicholas J. Turland. New Combinations in Campylandra (Convallariaceae, Convallarieae). Novon Vol. 10, No. 2 (Summer, 2000), pp. 158-160 Jun Yamashita, Art Vogel, Minoru N. Tamura. 2007. Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomic Reconsideration of the Genus Peliosanthes (Convallariaceae)». 12th Flora of Thailand Meeting Minoru N. Tamura. Phylogenetic analyses and chromosome evolution in Convallarieae (Ruscaceae sensu lato), with some taxonomic treatments J. Plant Res. 117 (5): 363—370 2004 Chen Xinqi, Liang Songyun, Xu Jiemei, Minoru N. Tamura. Liliaceae Flora of China 24: 73–263 2000 In In In References External links Harvard University: Index of Botanists Wikigenes ISPN: List of species described by author "Tamura, Minoru N. (fl. 1993)" at ISPN Botanists with author abbreviations 20th-century Japanese botanists Academic staff of Osaka City University 21st-century Japanese botanists
David Kristol (born 1938) is an emeritus professor at New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT). He created the Biomedical Engineering department at NJIT, but he spent most of his career working as a chemistry professor. References 2. https://web.archive.org/web/20110803235529/http://biomedical.njit.edu/people/kristol.php See also List of computer science publications by David M. Kristol on the dblp computer science bibliography 1938 births Living people New Jersey Institute of Technology faculty
The Lake of Tears is the second book in the eight-volume Deltora Quest series written by Emily Rodda. It continues after the events of The Forests of Silence, as the three protagonists brave various dangers on their journey to find the seven missing gems of Deltora. The book was first published in 2001 by Scholastic. Plot summary In The Forests of Silence, the topaz had been retrieved by Lief, Barda, and Jasmine. They continue on their way to the Lake of Tears, to retrieve the ruby. They learn that the land surrounding the Lake of Tears is controlled by the evil sorceress Thaegan, who has 13 monster children. As the companions travel through the countryside they rescue a man named Manus from the Shadow Lord's servants, Grey Guards. Manus is from the city of Raladin. 100 years ago, Thaegan put a spell on Raladin that caused them and all of their offspring to never be able to speak. Lief, Barda, and Jasmine also learn that Thaegan put a spell on the city of D'Or and turned it into the Lake of Tears. The companions, with Manus, escape from the Grey Guards only to be captured by Jin and Jod, two of Thaegan's children. They eventually defeat Jin and Jod and journey to the city of Raladin, where Manus hopes to find his people. Upon arrival, they find the city empty. Only when the Ralad people hear the companions, they come out of hiding. Lief, Barda, and Jasmine tell the Ralads that they must journey to the Lake of Tears, despite the Ralads pleas, but they do not tell them they are going in quest of one of the gems of the Belt of Deltora. Manus agrees to be their guide. When they get to the Lake of Tears, the monster Soldeen attacks them. Soldeen is a giant fish-like creature who is very deadly and has the ability to speak. Using the power of the topaz, Lief persuades Soldeen to give them the ruby. As Soldeen agrees, Thaegan appears and threatens to kill them all. The ruby flies out of Lief's hand and into the depths of the Lake as Thaegan uses her magic to harm them. Just as Thaegan is about to kill them all, Jasmine's bird Kree comes and kills Thaegan by drawing blood. All of Thaegan's spells are broken: the Ralads can now speak and the Lake of Tears turns back into the city of D'Or. Soldeen is a man named Nanion and gives the three companions the gem and wishes them well on their quest. The Belt now holds the topaz and ruby and now they journey towards the City of the Rats. Characters Lief: Lief is the main character of the series. Lief was born to parents Jared and Anna of the Forge. As a child Lief roamed the streets of Del, sharpening his wits and gaining him the skills needed for his future quests. Though he did not know it, he was constantly protected by Barda and he prided himself on his many 'lucky' escapes. On his sixteenth birthday it is revealed to him that he must begin a dangerous quest to find the lost gems of the Belt of Deltora. Jasmine: Jasmine is a wild girl, described as having wild black hair and emerald green eyes who has grown up in the Forests of Silence, where Lief and Barda meet her shortly after leaving Del. Her parents were captured by Grey Guards when she was seven years old, and so she has been raised by the forest. She can understand the language of the trees and of many animals, and has incredibly sharp senses, but has trouble understanding some social customs. Jasmine is usually seen with her raven, Kree, and a mouse-like creature she calls Filli. Jasmine is like Lief and occasionally has a quick temper. After helping Lief and Barda in the forest and with the help of the topaz, she is greeted by her mother's spirit from beyond the grave, who tells her to go with Lief and Barda in their quest. After this encounter, she joins Lief and Barda in the search for the great gems that will complete the Belt. Barda: Barda was enlisted as a friend by the king and queen of Deltora and was trusted to help him find the lost gems of Deltora sixteen years before the initial story took place. For the next sixteen years Barda disguised himself as a beggar so as to discover information vital to the quest. He also became the bodyguard of Lief, albeit without Lief's knowledge thereof. Upon Lief's sixteenth birthday Barda revealed himself to Lief and the quest for the gems of Deltora began. Though Barda was at first annoyed to travel encumbered by a child, he soon saw Lief as more of a help than a hindrance. See also Deltora series Deltora Quest anime References External links Official USA Deltora website Official Australian Deltora Quest website Official Emily Rodda website 2001 Australian novels 2001 children's books 2001 fantasy novels Australian children's novels Children's fantasy novels Deltora
Turong Tousvasu (born 4 September 1930) is a Thai former sports shooter. He competed in the 300 metre rifle event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. References External links 1930 births Possibly living people Turong Tousvasu Turong Tousvasu Shooters at the 1964 Summer Olympics Place of birth missing
Pedro Morales Torres (8 August 1932 – 13 September 2000) was a Chilean football manager. He coach several international Chile teams: Chile Olympic team at the 1984 Summer Olympics and the Chile national team at the 1986 FIFA World Cup Qualifications. Honours Huachipato Chilean Primera División: 1974 Everton Chilean Primera División: 1976 Colo-Colo Chilean Primera División: 1979 References External links Pedro Morales at MemoriaWanderers.cl Pedro Morales at PartidosdeLaRoja.com 1932 births 2000 deaths People from La Serena Chilean men's footballers Deportes La Serena footballers Chilean football managers Chilean Primera División managers Primera B de Chile managers Colo-Colo managers Deportes La Serena managers Ñublense managers Huachipato FC managers Chile national football team managers Everton de Viña del Mar managers Club Deportivo Universidad Católica managers Audax Italiano managers Santiago Wanderers managers Club Universidad de Chile managers 1975 Copa América managers Men's association football players not categorized by position
Overtime rate is a calculation of hours worked by a worker that exceed those hours defined for a standard workweek. This rate can have different meanings in different countries and jurisdictions, depending on how that jurisdiction's labor law defines overtime. In many jurisdictions, additional pay is mandated for certain classes of workers when this set number of hours is exceeded. In others, there is no concept of a standard workweek or analogous time period, and no additional pay for exceeding a set number of hours within that week. The overtime rate calculates the ratio between employee overtime with the regular hours in a specific time period. Even if the work is planned or scheduled, it can still be considered overtime if it exceeds what is considered the standard workweek in that jurisdiction. A high overtime rate is a good indicator of a temporary or permanent high workload, and can be a contentious issue in labor-management relations. It could result in a higher illness rate, lower safety rate, higher labor costs, and lower productivity. United States In the United States a standard workweek is considered to be 40 hours. Most waged employees or so-called non-exempt workers under U.S. federal labor and tax law must be paid at a wage rate of 150% of their regular hourly rate for hours that exceed 40 in a week. The start of the pay week can be defined by the employer, and need not be a standard calendar week start (e.g., Sunday midnight). Many employees, especially shift workers in the U.S., have some amount of overtime built into their schedules so that 24/7 coverage can be obtained. Formula References External links The Death of Overtime by Nick Hanauer Working time Human resource management Metrics Labor rights Labor relations Labor history Wages and salaries
Susi Riermeier (born 23 December 1960) is a German former cross-country skier and long-distance runner. She competed in two events at the 1980 Winter Olympics. Cross-country skiing results All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS). Olympic Games World Championships Distance running Riermeier competed at the 1983 IAAF World Women's Road Race Championships, finishing 61st, before going on to represent West Germany at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships twice in 1985 and 1986. She competed at the marathon distance and won the West German Athletics Championships in that event in 1984. References External links 1960 births Living people Skiers from Munich German female cross-country skiers German female cross country runners German female long-distance runners German female marathon runners Olympic cross-country skiers for West Germany West German female cross-country skiers Cross-country skiers at the 1980 Winter Olympics West German Athletics Championships winners
Denali Award may refer to: Denali Award, the top honor that the Alaska Federation of Natives bestows to non-Natives Denali Award, the highest award in Varsity Scouting Denali Award, one form of the Alaskan of the Year awards
Lawrence Dinwiddie of Germiston (1696–1764) was an 18th-century Scottish tobacco lord who served as Lord Provost of Glasgow from 1742 to 1744. Dinwiddie Street in the Germiston area of north Glasgow is named in his honour. Life He was born at Germiston House in Glasgow on New Year's Eve 31 December 1696, the son of Robert Dinwiddie and his wife Elizabeth Cumming. His older brother Robert Dinwiddie was Governor of Virginia. His father had built Germiston House in 1690 with monies from his tobacco investments (one of the first Scots in this field). Lawrence was a Virginia tobacco lord, inheriting the business from his father, one of the first Scottish tobacco lords. Lawrence created the firm Dinwiddie Crawford & Company. In 1734 he served as a Bailie under Lord Provost Andrew Ramsay in Glasgow Town Council. He succeeded Andrew Buchanan of Drumpellier as Lord Provost in 1742 and in turn was replaced by Andrew Cochrane in 1744. In 1761, with 25 others, including Andrew Cochrane he founded the Glasgow Arms Bank. He was also a founder of the Delftfield Pottery Company in Glasgow. He died in Glasgow on 3 May 1764, leaving the poor of the Merchants' House 200 Scots Merks in his will. Family He married twice, firstly to Janet Coulter, sister of Provost John Coulter. Following her death he married Elizabeth Kennedy of Auchtyfardle. Between his two wives he had 21 children. References 1696 births 1764 deaths Businesspeople from Glasgow Lord Provosts of Glasgow
```java /* * * This file is part of LibreTorrent. * * LibreTorrent is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * (at your option) any later version. * * LibreTorrent is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * * along with LibreTorrent. If not, see <path_to_url */ package org.proninyaroslav.libretorrent.ui.log; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.text.InputFilter; import android.text.TextUtils; import androidx.preference.EditTextPreference; import androidx.preference.Preference; import androidx.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat; import org.proninyaroslav.libretorrent.R; import org.proninyaroslav.libretorrent.core.InputFilterRange; import org.proninyaroslav.libretorrent.core.RepositoryHelper; import org.proninyaroslav.libretorrent.core.settings.SettingsRepository; public class LogSettingsFragment extends PreferenceFragmentCompat implements Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener { private static final String TAG = LogSettingsFragment.class.getSimpleName(); private SettingsRepository pref; public static LogSettingsFragment newInstance() { LogSettingsFragment fragment = new LogSettingsFragment(); fragment.setArguments(new Bundle()); return fragment; } @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Context context = getActivity().getApplicationContext(); pref = RepositoryHelper.getSettingsRepository(context); InputFilter[] maxFilter = new InputFilter[] { new InputFilterRange.Builder() .setMin(1) .setMax(Integer.MAX_VALUE) .build() }; String keyMaxLogSize= getString(R.string.pref_key_max_log_size); EditTextPreference maxLogSize = findPreference(keyMaxLogSize); if (maxLogSize != null) { String value = Integer.toString(pref.maxLogSize()); maxLogSize.setOnBindEditTextListener((editText) -> editText.setFilters(maxFilter)); maxLogSize.setSummary(value); maxLogSize.setText(value); bindOnPreferenceChangeListener(maxLogSize); } } @Override public void onCreatePreferences(Bundle savedInstanceState, String rootKey) { setPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_log, rootKey); } private void bindOnPreferenceChangeListener(Preference preference) { preference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(this); } @Override public boolean onPreferenceChange(Preference preference, Object newValue) { if (preference.getKey().equals(getString(R.string.pref_key_max_log_size))) { int value = 1; if (!TextUtils.isEmpty((String)newValue)) value = Integer.parseInt((String)newValue); pref.maxLogSize(value); preference.setSummary(Integer.toString(value)); } return true; } } ```
The 2013 European Juniors Wrestling Championships was held in Skopje, North Macedonia between July 2–7, 2013. Medal table Team ranking Medal summary Men's freestyle Men's Greco-Roman Women's freestyle References External links Official website Wrestling European Wrestling Juniors Championships Sports competitions in Skopje
Allen Ndodole (born 4 February 1996) is a Botswana football midfielder who currently plays for Orapa United. References 1996 births Living people Botswana men's footballers Nico United players Mochudi Centre Chiefs SC players Sharps Shooting Stars FC players Orapa United F.C. players Men's association football midfielders Botswana men's international footballers
Vorsti is a village in Põltsamaa Parish, Jõgeva County in eastern Estonia. References Villages in Jõgeva County Kreis Fellin
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Kitty Hawk (after Kitty Hawk, North Carolina): was a cargo ship and aircraft transport that served during World War II is the lead ship of the Kitty Hawk-class aircraft carriers, and was in commission between 1961 and 2009 See also Kitty Hawk was the name of the Command Module on Apollo 14 United States Navy ship names
Rakuda Glacier () is a glacier flowing to the coast just east of Rakuda Rock in Queen Maud Land. Mapped from surveys and air photos by Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), 1957–62, who gave the name. Rakuda Rock () is a projecting coastal rock at the west side of Rakuda Glacier in Queen Maud Land. Mapped from surveys and air photos by Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), 1957–62, who gave the name. See also Glaciology Hikae Rock List of glaciers in the Antarctic References Glaciers of Queen Maud Land Prince Olav Coast
Bonab (electoral district) is the 7th electoral district in the East Azerbaijan Province of Iran. This electoral district has a population of 129,795 and elects 1 member of parliament. From the 1st to 5th Iranian legislative elections Bonab and Malekan were a joint electoral district, and in just the first election had 2 members of Islamic Consultative Assembly. 1980 MPs in 1980 from the electorate of Bonab and Malekan. (1st) Yousef Jaberi Ali-Akbar Asghari 1984 MP in 1984 from the electorate of Bonab and Malekan. (2nd) Heidar Jafari 1988 MP in 1988 from the electorate of Bonab and Malekan. (3rd) Rasoul Sediqi Bonabi 1992 MP in 1992 from the electorate of Bonab and Malekan. (4th) Rasoul Sediqi Bonabi 1996 MP in 1996 from the electorate of Bonab and Malekan. (5th) Salman Khodadadi 2000 MP in 2000 from the electorate of Bonab. (6th) Rasoul Sediqi Bonabi 2004 MP in 2004 from the electorate of Bonab. (7th) Rasoul Sediqi Bonabi 2008 MP in 2008 from the electorate of Bonab. (8th) Zia-Allah Ezazi Maleki 2012 MP in 2012 from the electorate of Bonab. (9th) Mohammad Bagheri 2016 Notes References Electoral districts of East Azerbaijan Bonab County Deputies of Bonab
Bear Creek, or Bear Gulch Creek, is a southeastward-flowing stream originating north of the summit of Sierra Morena in the Santa Cruz Mountains, near the community of Kings Mountain in San Mateo County, California, United States. It flows through the town of Woodside. Bear Creek and Corte Madera Creek join to become San Francisquito Creek in the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve at Stanford University. History The Spanish called the creek Arroyo de la Presa, meaning "creek of the dam", and it was part of the Rancho Cañada de Raymundo land grant. A foreclosure sale in 1861 records, "Arroyo de la Presa, now called by the Americans Bear Gulch...which heads near the summit of the mountains (Sierra Morena)". In 1850, Mexican war veteran James H. Ryder was working for Dr. Robert Orville Tripp’s lumber company, which used oxen to haul the logs to what is now Redwood City, where they were then floated to San Francisco. When two oxen went missing, Ryder went looking for them only to be attacked by a California grizzly bear (Ursus arctos californicus) with two cubs when he stopped for a drink at a creek. Severely mauled, he survived — and the creek became known as Bear Gulch Creek and James Ryder became known as "Grizzly" Ryder. Indomitable salmon The large wooden salmon sculpture that sits outside Buck's of Woodside restaurant was carved to commemorate a salmon's remarkable return journey to the Prairie Creek Fish Hatchery where it was born. On 2 December 1964, Superintendent Ken Johnson hatchery near Orick, Humboldt County, California found a 2-year-old marked coho salmon swimming in a tank of newborn fish, exactly where he had been raised two years earlier. To reach the tank, he had to travel from the Pacific Ocean up Redwood Creek, turn into Lost Man Creek, run up a ditch, through a culvert under Highway 101, through a storm sewer, and up the hatchery waste water through a drainage pipe, making a 90 degree turn and a vertical jump inside the pipe. Finally, he rammed through an overhead wire mesh screen, probably by jumping, to get into the rearing pond. The fish was rapidly nicknamed Indomitable by the local press. Looking for how he got into the tank, workers found 72 more marked coho jack salmon of the same age class stuck in the flume or drainage pipe on the way to the hatchling pond. The story of Indomitable received massive press coverage, inspired a book, and continues to be cited as one of the amazing feats of animal migration. After the Prairie Creek Hatchery closed in 1992, the original Davis salmon sculpture was sold by the Humboldt County Board of Supervisors and is currently installed outside Buck's of Woodside, by a minor tributary of Bear Gulch Creek. Watershed The Bear Creek mainstem is formed by the confluence of Bear Gulch Creek and West Union Creek near the intersection of Kings Mountain Road and Highway 84 in Woodside, California. The candelabra pattern of the numerous creeks and gulches that culminate in Bear Creek formed due to the motion of the San Andreas fault. West Union Creek originates in the Phleger Estate, now part of the San Francisco State Fish and Game Refuge. The other Bear Creek tributaries flow through numerous additional public lands including Huddart County Park, Teague Hill Regional Open Space Preserve, and the northern edge of Wunderlich County Park. The Bear Creek watershed drains . Water diverted from the creek at Woodside Diversion Dam and Lower Bear Gulch Creek Diversion Dam is stored in Bear Gulch Reservoir and provides as much about 20% of Woodside's drinking water, rising to 50% in the winter months, with the balance coming from Hetch Hetchy. It also supplies water to residents of Menlo Park, Atherton, and Portola Valley. The Woodside Diversion Damwas built around 1840 as a grist mill and is located within the 1,200-plus acre California Water Service Company watershed, and there is a second diversion taken from the lower portion of Bear Gulch Creek near Manzanita Road in Woodside.The California Water Service purchased the Bear Gulch Water Co. from the University of California in 1936. Precessor water companies include Arroyo de La Presa (1863), Corte Madera Water Co. (1863-1873), Menlo Park Water Company (1873-1889) and Bear Gulch Water Company (1889-1936). Ecology In the Bear Creek sub-basin of the San Francisquito Creek watershed, adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) migrate from the Bay to the freshwater streams of Bear, West Union, and Bear Gulch Creeks to spawn. They are listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. Steelhead smolt spend the first two years of their lives in freshwater, requiring perennial streams, or at least pools, to survive. The anomalously low gradient of the channel of West Union Creek is also related to the fault and creates high quality steelhead habitat, as do the numerous seeps and springs along the fault. The permanent pools created by these seeps and springs are crucial to the survival of steelhead young. In a 2001 report thirty four barriers to trout migration were identified within Bear Creek and its West Union Creek, Bear Gulch, Squealer Gulch, and McGarvey Gulch tributaries. That report identified the culvert for McGarvey Gulch creek at the Richards Road crossing in Huddart County Park as a significant migration barrier for adult and juvenile steelhead and was reconstructed with funds from the State Department of Transportation's San Francisco Bay Salmonid Habitat Restoration Fund. See also List of watercourses in the San Francisco Bay Area References External links prepared by the Oakland Museum of California by the Bear Creek League of Advocates for the Watershed (Bear CLAW) Bear Creek Dam Removal for Steelhead Habitat Restoration Rivers of San Mateo County, California Rivers of Santa Clara County, California Palo Alto, California Santa Cruz Mountains Rivers of Northern California Tributaries of San Francisquito Creek
```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: labels: app: grafana name: grafana namespace: monitoring spec: ports: - name: http port: 3000 targetPort: http selector: app: grafana # NB(bodu): This is used for easier port-forwarding to the underlying host. --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: labels: app: grafana name: grafana-node-local namespace: monitoring spec: ports: - name: http port: 3000 protocol: TCP targetPort: http nodePort: 30001 selector: app: grafana type: NodePort ```
St Patrick's College is a Catholic Girls' Secondary Day and Boarding School located in Townsville, North Queensland, Australia. History St Patrick's College was founded in 1878 by a group of Irish nuns from the Sisters of Mercy order. Their foundress Catherine McAuley, began the Sisters of Mercy in 1831. The Sisters were pioneers of education in North Queensland, and the college stands as a monument to their contributions. With onset of World War II in the Pacific, St Patrick's vacated the College buildings located on The Strand for use by the allied war effort, namely the W.R.A.A.F units. The Wartime College and boarding students were moved to different locations, West End and Ravenswood respectively. During the 1960s and 1970s the college adapted to educational requirements of exam criteria developed by governmental Educational Departments. Later government grants brought new infrastructure providing a library, new science laboratories, social science and language facilities and later computer technology. Current students can participate in the numerous extra curricular activities common to most modern high schools, including national sporting competitions and UN youth summit. Graduates Two mid twentieth century graduates are Madge Ryan and Valma Weetman. Valma Weetman joined the R.A.A.F and became a Corporal during her first two years issuing kits in a Sydney airmen Depot. She was one of several ladies selected to appear in news articles promoting women recruitments into the defence forces. Madge Ryan moved south to pursue an acting career. After time with the Australian Broadcasting Commission, she moved to London working as a stage actress. One of her notable roles was the character Pearl in the Summer of the Seventeenth Doll. References External links Girls' schools in Queensland Catholic schools in Queensland High schools in Queensland Schools in Townsville Educational institutions established in 1878 Queensland in World War II Alliance of Girls' Schools Australasia 1878 establishments in Australia
Kim Nam-sun (born 25 July 1970) is a South Korean volleyball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics. References 1970 births Living people South Korean women's volleyball players Olympic volleyball players for South Korea Volleyball players at the 1996 Summer Olympics Place of birth missing (living people) Asian Games medalists in volleyball Volleyball players at the 1994 Asian Games Volleyball players at the 2002 Asian Games Medalists at the 1994 Asian Games Medalists at the 2002 Asian Games Asian Games gold medalists for South Korea Asian Games silver medalists for South Korea
Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb (27 August 1841 – 9 December 1905) was a British classical scholar and MP for Cambridge. Life Jebb was born in Dundee, Scotland, to Robert, a well-known Irish barrister, and Emily Harriet Horsley, daughter of the Reverend Heneage Horsley, Dean of Brechin. His grandfather Richard Jebb had been a judge of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland). His sister was the social reformer Eglantyne Louisa Jebb, founder of the Home Arts and Industries Association. Jebb was educated at St Columba's College, Dublin 1853–55 and at Charterhouse School 1855–1858. He then studied Classics at Trinity College, Cambridge where he became a member of the Cambridge Apostles, an intellectual society, from 1859. Jebb won the Porson and Craven scholarships, was senior classic in 1862, and became fellow and tutor of his college in 1863. From 1869 to 1875, he was public orator of Cambridge University. On 18 August 1874, Jebb married Caroline Lane Reynolds, born in 1840 in Evansburg, Pennsylvania, whose first husband had been US Army Lieutenant Adam J. Slemmer. After his death in 1868, Caroline had lived briefly in Cambridge. In 1875 to 1889 Jebb was Professor of Greek at Glasgow, and the couple initially lived in that city, spending their summers in Cambridge. In 1889 Jebb was appointed Regius Professor of Greek at Cambridge, following the death of the incumbent, Benjamin Hall Kennedy, and the couple moved permanently to Cambridge. In 1891 Jebb was elected Member of Parliament for Cambridge University, he was knighted in 1900, and he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1902. He received many honorary degrees from European and American universities, and in May 1902 at Caernarfon received the honorary degree of DLitt from the University of Wales during the ceremony to install the Prince of Wales (later King George V) as Chancellor of that university. In 1904, he was elected a member to the American Philosophical Society. In 1905, he was made a member of the Order of Merit. Jebb died at his home, Springfield House in Cambridge, on 9 December 1905 and was buried at the St Giles Cemetery (now known as the Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground) in the town. Caroline Jebb died and was cremated in America, her ashes being returned to Cambridge for interrment in her husband's grave. Works Jebb was acknowledged to be one of the most brilliant classical scholars of his time, a humanist and an unsurpassed translator from and into the classical languages. A collected volume, Translations into Greek and Latin, appeared in 1873 (ed. 1909). Jebb's publications include: The Characters of Theophrastus (1870), text, introduction, English translation and commentary (re-edited by JE Sandys, 1909) The Attic Orators from Antiphon to Isaeus (2nd ed., 1893), with companion volume, Selections from the Attic Orators (2nd ed, 1888) Bentley (1882) Sophocles (3rd ed., 1893) the seven plays, text, English translation and notes, the promised edition of the fragments being prevented by his death Bacchylides (1905), text, translation, and notes Homer (3rd ed., 1888), an introduction to the Iliad and Odyssey Modern Greece (1901) The Growth and Influence of Classical Greek Poetry (1893). His translation of the Rhetoric of Aristotle was published posthumously under the editorship of J. E. Sandys (1909). A selection from his Essays and Addresses, and a subsequent volume, Life and Letters of Sir Richard Claverhouse Jebb (with critical introduction by A. W. Verrall) were published by his widow in 1907; see also an appreciative notice by J. E. Sandys, History of Classical Scholarship, iii. (1908). The Archives and Special Collections at Amherst College holds a collection of Jebb's papers. Notes References External links Richard Claverhouse Jebb Papers at the Amherst College Archives & Special Collections British Academy Fellowship entry Trinity College Chapel 1841 births 1905 deaths People from Dundee People educated at Charterhouse School Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge British classical scholars Fellows of the British Academy Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Members of the Order of Merit Cambridge University Orators Knights Bachelor Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the University of Cambridge UK MPs 1886–1892 UK MPs 1892–1895 UK MPs 1895–1900 UK MPs 1900–1906 Regius Professors of Greek (Cambridge) Classical scholars of the University of Glasgow Scholars of ancient Greek literature Translators of Ancient Greek texts Members of the American Philosophical Society
Framicourt () is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. Geography Framicourt is situated on the D928 road, two miles from the river Bresle, the départemental border with Seine-Maritime and some southwest of Abbeville. Population See also Communes of the Somme department References Communes of Somme (department)
Anthony Hulme (1910–2007) was a British film actor. Filmography A Yank at Oxford (1938) The Body Vanished (1939) The Frozen Limits (1939) They Came by Night (1940) Laugh It Off (1940) For Freedom (1940) Up with the Lark (1943) Journey Together (1945) Send for Paul Temple (1946) The Mysterious Mr. Nicholson (1947) The Three Weird Sisters (1948) Cardboard Cavalier (1949) It's a Grand Life (1953) References External links 1910 births 2007 deaths British male film actors People from Dolgellau
Klaus Nord Hoel (1865–1923) was a Norwegian civil servant and politician. He served as the last Diocesan Governor of Tromsø stiftamt from 1915 until its dissolution on 31 Dec 1918. He simultaneously served as the County Governor of Troms county from 1915 until his retirement in 1920. References 1865 births 1923 deaths County governors of Norway
Bolepur Bluez () is a Baul Rock fusion band from Kolkata, India. The band's stated goal is to recreate the traditional music of West Bengal, usually played by the traditional inhabitants known as Bauls. Through a fusion of modern-electric 'rock' instruments with traditional acoustic sounds, Bolepur Bluez aspires to bring Baul music to international audiences. In 2010, they participated in India's Got Talent, where they received a positive reception. History Bolepur Bluez formed in August 2010 and released their debut album, The Soul Connection in December 2011, through EMI Records. The album stayed on top of the charts for three months. It was nominated for the Mirchi Music Awards and the Zee Bangla Gourav Samman Awards in 2012. Bolepur Bluez was featured on television shows and on several radio talk shows. Bolepur Bluez was the first Bengali band to perform at Bacardi NH7 Weekender (Red Bull Tour Bus) in Kolkata, 2013. In 2016, The band also performed at Cadbury's Mishti Fair at Salt Lake, Kolkata. Band members A previous band lineup was: Kartick Das Baul – Vocals, Aaron Darnal – Guitars, Ranjan Das – Bass, Kunal Kundu – Drums In August 2015, Kunal Kundu announced a band lineup of Raju Das Baul - Vocals and Khamak, Kunal Kundu - Drums, Abhijit Acharya - Vocals & Dotara / Percussion, Kushal "Tony" Kundu - Lead Guitarist, Aditya Dutta - Bass Guitar. Music videos The band released their first music video for the song "Hrid Majhaare," which was produced by Rooh Music. The song was recognized as one of the most beautiful and enchanting Baul/folk songs from Bengal and was covered by various artists and bands in different styles. A previous version of this track was released by EMI Records in 2011. The band released a music video depicting the love of the Hindu Gods, Krishna and Radha, inside a 150-year-old Rajbari (palace) which is now in ruins. The music video was featured on Pepsi MTV Indies. The original Hindi lyrics in this song were written by Kunal Kundu, the founder and drummer of the band. The Soul Connection The album was released internationally in December 2011 by EMI Records. Tracks References Indian musical groups Culture of Kolkata Bengali musicians Musical groups established in 2010 Indian rock music groups 2010 establishments in West Bengal
Debora Silvestri (born 8 May 1998) is an Italian professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team . Major results 2018 7th Road race, National Road Championships 10th GP Liberazione 2020 9th Giro dell'Emilia Internazionale Donne Elite 2021 3rd Grand Prix Féminin de Chambéry 3rd Overall Giro della Toscana Femminile 4th Overall Setmana Ciclista Valenciana 2022 1st Mountains classification Festival Elsy Jacobs 6th GP Liberazione 2023 5th Overall Vuelta Ciclista Andalucia Ruta Del Sol 7th Overall Gran Premio Ciudad de Eibar References External links 1998 births Living people Italian female cyclists Cyclists from the Province of Verona
Arnau Tenas Ureña (born 30 May 2001) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain. Club career Barcelona Born in Vic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Tenas began playing as a goalkeeper at the age of 3, starting with his local side Vic Riuprimer. He joined La Masia in 2010, and worked his way up their youth categories. He made his senior debut for Barcelona B in the Segunda División B in a 2–1 win over Teruel in March 2019. He soon after starting training with the senior Barcelona team, and in October 2019 got his made the bench for the first time in a La Liga match against Alavés. On 27 June 2020, Tenas extended his contract with Barcelona, keeping him at the club until June 2023 with a release clause of € 100m. He was on the bench for the 2021 Copa del Rey Final, as Barcelona beat Athletic Bilbao 4–0. Paris Saint-Germain On 30 July 2023, Tenas signed for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain on a three-year deal. International career Tenas is a youth international for Spain, having represented the Spain U17s, U18, U19s, and U21s. He represented Spain at the 2019 UEFA European Under-19 Championship and helped them win the tournament, winning man of the match in the semi-final, and being named goalkeeper of the tournament. On 26 March 2022, Tenas was an emergency call-up to the Spain national team after Robert Sánchez had to drop out for personal reasons. Playing style Tenas is a confident goalkeeper who is brave getting off his line, has great reflexes and ball-playing ability. He is a leader on the pitch, and a strong communicator who constantly transmits his views to his teammates. Personal life Tenas was born into a family of footballers, as his grandfather, and father were both football goalkeepers. His twin brother, Marc, is a football forward currently at Alavés B. Career statistics Club Honours Barcelona La Liga: 2022–23 Copa del Rey: 2020–21 Supercopa de España: 2022–23 Spain U19 UEFA European Under-19 Championship: 2019 Spain U21 UEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2023 References External links FC Barcelona profile 2001 births Living people Footballers from Vic Spanish men's footballers Spain men's youth international footballers Spain men's under-21 international footballers Men's association football goalkeepers Primera Federación players FC Barcelona players FC Barcelona Atlètic players Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players Spanish expatriate men's footballers Spanish expatriate sportspeople in France Expatriate men's footballers in France
Caleb Paul Barns (January 12, 1812October 29, 1866) was an American lawyer, businessman, and Wisconsin pioneer. He served two terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing western Racine County during the 1850 and 1855 sessions. Early life Born in Owego, New York, Barns (or Barnes as it was spelled much of the time) grew up in the western part of New York, most likely in or near Chautauqua County. Little is known of his boyhood, although a couple vague clues exist. One addresses his "good scholastic and legal education," while another indicates that he was "early thrown upon his own resources." After describing Barns as a person of "extreme reticence," a writer continued, "few men have lived so long in one community as he did of whose personal history so little is known by their neighbors generally." Migration to Wisconsin As a young man, Caleb Barns moved to Wisconsin Territory, settling in Burlington, Wisconsin. Local history sources claim that he journeyed to Wisconsin prior to 1840, returning to New York to marry his future wife. Other sources date his arrival as 1842. David L. Wells of Utica, New York brought his wife, the former Cornelia Eddy, to Burlington at about the same time. Wells, destined to become Barns' brother-in-law, was appointed postmaster. The close association between the Barns and Wells families continued for decades, as the families became increasingly intertwined. Family life In 1845 Barns married Elizabeth Ann Eddy, of Troy, New York, a daughter of Asa Eddy and Lucy (Shepard) Eddy. Elizabeth had been a student at the Emma Willard School for Girls in Troy, New York, a pioneering institution in women's education. It is not known whether they knew each other in New York or were introduced through family connections in Wisconsin. Caleb Barns and his wife, Elizabeth, were parents to three children who survived infancy: Cornelia, born about 1852, Frederick W., born in November, 1860, and Charles Edward Barns, born in July, 1862. Their first two children and their fourth died in infancy and are buried in the family plot at Burlington. These were Alfred A. Barns (February 1847 – 26 August 1847), Lucy Shepard Barns (1848 – 20 October 1849) and Elizabeth Barns (January 1855- 16 July 1855). Lucy Shepard Barns was named for Elizabeth Eddy Barns' mother. In the early 1850s, David and Cornelia Wells, and their two young sons, Asa Eddy Wells and Frederick Elisha Wells, left Burlington and settled near Sutter Creek in California. Their departure was believed influenced by Cornelia Well's physical state, as she was then suffering from tuberculosis. In spring of 1856, Cornelia Eddy Wells died from her illness. Compounding the tragedy, several months later David Wells was thrown from his horse and died next day. The two orphaned sons, aged 9 and 11, were placed on a ship bound for New York, and then escorted by relatives to Burlington. There they joined the Barns family, making it a family of five. As noted above, Caleb and Elizabeth Barns gave birth to son Frederick W. Barns in 1860, followed by Charles E. Barns in 1862. There were now five children in the home, three Barns and two Wells. Law practice As Caleb Barns established himself in his new community, he opened a law practice. At first he partnered with James Strang, whom he had known in New York. Strang was a recent convert to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, and would soon move to Michigan with his followers. Barns constructed a bank in 1847, establishing his office on an upper floor. Years later, a short obituary published by the State Bar Association of Wisconsin credited Barns' "great success" as a lawyer to the following characteristics that he exemplified: complete self reliance, untiring industry, a vigorous and unclouded intellect, a good scholastic and legal education, quick perceptive faculties, and especially a profound knowledge of human nature and character, which latter greatly enabled him to conduct the examination of witnesses with remarkable success. He was very cautious in giving advice, and very few of his clients, if any, complained that he excited hopes and expectations which were not realized by the result. Another writer continued: His preparation of his cases for trial was most complete. Although his mind was so constituted that he seemed to grasp almost intuitively the principles involved in a case, yet he was never satisfied with this, but with patient industry he investigated it to its most minute details, and was therefore able to predict with reasonable certainty the results of the trial. Political office In 1843 Caleb Barns was nominated for Representative by the Whig Party. The newspaper declared, "it is a good ticket, and a friend from that county, says it will be elected by a handsome majority." Unfortunately for Barns, the Democrats took Racine County positions by a margin of over 200 votes. Barns switched parties, and in 1848, the year of Wisconsin's statehood, ran as a Democrat for the Assembly from the district of Yorkville, Rochester and Burlington. He lost by three votes to the Whig nominee, Samuel Chapman. The following year, he again ran as a Democrat. This time he, three other Democrats, and an independent were elected. In 1850 Barns entered the Wisconsin State Assembly for a one-year term. He was elected again and served another term in 1855. In 1862 he was a Democratic nominee for the Wisconsin State Senate. This time, his opponent was a Republican, who subsequently won the election. The following year Barns served as a delegate to the Democratic State Convention, one of two delegates seated from the Racine District. His commitment to politics was long-standing and far-reaching. Illnesses and death In later years as his health deteriorated, Barns turned to banking, which proved quite profitable for him. A colleague described the transition, Admonished by his failing health that he was no longer equal to the demands of active professional life, he several years ago gave up the practice of law, and entered into financial business. The same qualities that brought to him success and eminence in his profession rendered him successful in his new employment . . . Barns also applied his financial skills in service to his community. When the Burlington's first school board was organized in 1858, he volunteered to serve as its treasurer. After less than two decades of marriage, in February 1864 Elizabeth Eddy Barns died from tuberculosis, a disease that had taken her sister eight years previously. The young Barns boys were two and four years of age, respectively, daughter Cornelia was twelve, and the Wells boys nearly 18 and 20. The household stayed together, although Cornelia Barns lived much of the next decade with a grand aunt in Long Island, New York. Following the death of his wife, Caleb Barns' health rapidly declined, and he died in October, 1866. A close friend in Burlington declared: For nearly a quarter of a century he has occupied a prominent position in our midst, a position, which now that he has left us cannot easily be filled. He was long our trusted counselor and advisor, and valued personal friend, and we cannot yet fully appreciate the extent of our loss. His son Charles Edward Barns was a newspaper writer for the New York Tribune. After traveling in India, China and Japan, He returned to Flushing, New York and published short stories, poetry, and drama-novels. Late in life, he became chiefly known as an astronomer. Notes External links 1812 births 1866 deaths People from Owego, New York People from Burlington, Wisconsin Businesspeople from Wisconsin Wisconsin lawyers 19th-century American politicians 19th-century American businesspeople 19th-century American lawyers Democratic Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly Wisconsin pioneers Burials in Wisconsin
Patient DF is a woman with visual apperceptive agnosia who has been studied extensively due to the implications of her behavior for the two streams theory of visual perception. Though her vision remains intact, she has trouble visually locating and identifying objects. Her agnosia is thought to be caused by a bilateral lesion to her lateral occipital cortex, an area thought by dual-stream proponents to be the ventral "object recognition" stream. Despite being unable to identify or recognize objects, DF can still use visual input to guide her action. Lesion Patient DF's brain damage resulted from hypoxia due to carbon monoxide poisoning. The lateral occipital cortex (LOC) in her brain is severely damaged and shows no activation presented with line drawings of common objects where healthy people usually do. Moreover, there is a reduction of white matter connections between LOC and other areas. There is also some shrinkage in the intraparietal sulcus, often implicated in the dorsal stream for visuomotor control. The fusiform face area is intact. This would suggest the problem in DF's perception is disconnectivity between higher and lower order functioning. Recent MRIs have shown many enlarged sulci, like the intraparietal sulcus, parieto-occipital sulcus, and left calcarine sulcus, indicating atrophy. Her visual field remains intact up to 30 degrees. Performance Like most apperceptive agnosics, DF cannot name an object from its appearance purely, or copy a line drawing. She can draw familiar objects from memory. DF can also differentiate color, motion and patterns—given an image and its scrambled version, she can tell them apart—but if shown different shapes in the same color and pattern, she is at chance at differentiating the two. She can identify 67% of grayscale and color images, but only 10% of line drawings. Despite her inability to identify objects by shape, her actions seem to reflect a deeper understanding than she reports: DF correctly orients her hand to post a letter through a slot, picks up pebble-like objects at secure grasp points, and scales her grip correctly to pick up Efron blocks (which match in surface area, texture, mass, and color, and differ only in length and width). And yet, Patient DF cannot judge the width of an object, such as a guitar pick, by using her thumb and forefinger to show how big it is. However, when asked to pick it up, her hand moves to the correct width. Her estimates (she is asked to put her thumb and forefinger the correct distance apart without moving to grasp the object) still do not improve thereafter, but she continues to accurately pick up the object, indicating that she cannot judge features of the object on command but is able to control her actions with that information. DF does not benefit from haptic feedback—allowing her to pick up an object does not let her better estimate its width next time. DF also does not use visual information about her grasp: when she can only see her grip in a distorted mirror, her performance does not change. Consistent with all of this, brain imaging has shown no response to line drawings in her ventral stream. Furthermore, according to fMRI studies, the intraparietal sulcus showed preference for grasping motions over reaching motions—actually grabbing an object, in both DF and control patients, activates the intraparietal sulcus more than reaching. Implications It is safe to say that "behavioural dissociation between action and perception, coupled with the neuroanatomical and functional neuroimaging findings suggest that the preserved visual control of grasping in DF is mediated by relatively intact visuomotor networks in her dorsal stream, whereas her failure to perceive the form of objects is a consequence of damage to her ventral stream". Along with double dissociations shown in monkeys, DF's experience provides evidence for the two streams theory of visual perception and shows that the dorsal stream alone may provide information for aperture scaling. Some of the results from DF have been called into question due to the role of haptic feedback in DF's grasping and perception task performance. References People with brain injuries Famous patients
Classroom pets are animals that are present in an educational classroom as a pet. Research and literature in the 21st century, has shown the main reasons for having classroom pets is to capture the attention of students, improve relationships, provide the opportunity for creative activities, be a resource for humane education, and act as a motivator for students. Educational impact In 1987, The National Institute of Health reported evidence on the health benefits of pets and further studies have shown positive effects from children's relationships with pets. It has thus been assumed that similar benefits would present themselves with classroom pets on students. Social-emotional development Classroom pets can support young children's social-emotional development. Classroom pets help build positive relationships through discussions about classroom pets, such as what to name it, and how to care for it, and then working together to do so. This also aids in the development of friendships within the classroom. It has been found that students develop a sense of caring about others other than themselves through tending to the needs of the animals in the classroom. It has also been seen that discussions about the behaviors of the animals in the classroom, what they mean, and what the students can do about it can help students become empathetic towards others. Teachers have claimed that classroom pets also teach children the value of routines and rules. One study compared students in a classroom with class pets to one without for 8 weeks. The study found that both parents and teachers reported that the students in the class with the guinea pigs had greater increases in social skills and decreases in behavior problems at the end of the 8 weeks. These results support similar previous study results. Young children's interaction with classroom pets can also help them manage feelings and emotions. Research has shown that children need an empathetic listener whenever they feel troubled. Children can be encouraged to share their feelings with their animals if they do not want to express them with an adult. A study surveying 75 elementary teachers, revealed that most teachers believed students displayed an increase in compassion and empathy when pets were used in the classroom. Additional findings have shown that classroom pets, not only improve compassion and empathy but also teach children to have respect for the living things in the world around them. Classroom pets can also have a positive effect on the social-emotional development of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). After engaging in animal-assisted activities for 8-weeks, children with ASD displayed an increase in social skills and a decrease in social withdrawal. Academic development Teachers conveyed that classroom pets contribute to the academic development of students and have identified pets as important sources for students. They have found them to expand learning and increase development. Academic lessons, ranging from science to language arts, have been enriched by this valuable source and have improved academic competence among students. Classroom pets create an object of observation and research for children during science class. Children will learn how to care for the animal, what it eats, and what type of surroundings it needs to live. Science can also be linked with language arts using classroom pets. Students can write books and create presentations from their research. Students academic skills in math also increase by having a classroom pet. Students can measure its physical attributes and how quickly or how far it moves using graphs or charts (Benham, 1991, p. 21). Increased teacher awareness Through the use of a Dog-Assisted Activity Program in a multi-cultural elementary classroom, researchers found that teachers are more aware of student difficulties and strengths after interacting with dogs. After engaging with dogs, it was found that students expressed emotions and displayed behaviors more clearly, helping teachers recognize student qualities that were hidden prior to the dog-assisted activity. This suggests that the presence of classroom pets does not only benefit students but also results in increased teacher awareness. Despite these results, survey research shows that only about 17% of elementary teachers have classroom pets. References Pets School and classroom behaviour
In antiquity, the term "desultor" (Latin, "one who leaps down") or in Greek "apobates" (ἀποβάτης) and "metabates" (μεταβάτης) (both meaning "one who gets/leaps off") has been applied to individuals skilled at leaping from one horse or chariot to another. As early as the Homeric times, we find the description of a man, who keeps four horses abreast at full gallop, and leaps from one to another, amidst a crowd of admiring spectators. Eustathius on Homer's Iliad, Lib. IV, assures us that riders might have up to six horses all abreast. In the games of the Roman circus, this sport was also very popular. The Roman desultor generally rode only two horses at the same time, sitting on them without a saddle, and vaulting upon either of them at his pleasure. He wore a hat or cap made of felt. The taste for these exercises was carried to so great an extent, that young men of the highest rank not only drove bigae and quadrigae in the circus, but exhibited these feats of horsemanship. Among other nations, this level of equestrian dexterity was applied to the purposes of war. Livy mentions a troop of horse in the Numidian army, in which each soldier was supplied with a couple of horses, and in the heat of battle, and when clad in armor, would leap with the greatest ease and celerity from a horse which was tired or disabled, upon the back of the horse which was still sound and fresh. Notes and citations References and sources Horse-related professions and professionals Riding techniques and movements Ancient Roman occupations Cavalry
Alma Alexandra Hongell (October 15, 1849 Nykarleby – January 6, 1935 Kokkola) was a Finnish teacher and children's literature author who wrote in Swedish. She used the pseudonym A*. Life and work At the age of 13, Hongell already worked as a teacher in her hometown Uussakarlepye and also ran a lending library there. After marrying sea captain Gustaf Hongelli in 1877, she moved to Kokkola, where the family had a house at Isokatu 32. In 1890, Gustaf Hongelli became the captain of the Vaasa park ship Melusinen. In 1895, Melusine went to pick up a cargo of teakwood from the West Indies, and Alma Hongell was also on this trip. On the way back, beriberi broke out on board, killing Captain Hongell and both of his mates. Alma Hongell had to take control of the ship, and in March 1896 she got it safely to Falmouth, England, where the cargo was unloaded, and from there to the home port of Vaasa. In the spring of 1897, the Marine Insurance Association granted Hongelli a small monthly pension of 40 marks and the association's gold merit badge. Hongell wrote several children's books both under her own name and under the pseudonym A. Bibliography Under own name: A simple view of life. Lectures and stories / FSN. Appearance. 1; No. 5. Finland's Swedish Temperance Association, Helsinki 1914 Little Rosa's Birthday and Other Stories for Children. Fram, Vaasa 1918 Flower. Fram, Vaasa 1919 The May Queen. Children's library Eos 3. Fram, Vaasa 1919 My new mother. Children's library Eos 1. Fram, Vaasa 1919 The little songbird. Children's library Eos 8. Fram, Vaasa 1921 Primula veris: story. Children's library Eos 10. Fram, Vaasa 1923 Mother Katrina's Christmas present : Story. Children's library Eos 11. Fram, Vaasa 1924 Under the pseudonym A: The first leaves of A. Frenckell & Son, Helsinki 1873 Sobriety stories, translated from the English by A. Friends of Temperance, Helsinki 1902, 2nd ed. 1904 Little Rosa's Birthday, story for children by A. Hope is her library. I, 1. Finnish Swedish Temperance Association, Helsinki 1908 Old Jakob, story by A. Lectures and stories / FSN. Appearance. 1; No. 2. Finland's Swedish Temperance Association, Helsinki 1909 The children at Furuskär, story by A*. Hope is her library. I, 4. Finnish Swedish Temperance Association, Helsinki 1915 References Finnish writers 20th-century Finnish women writers Finnish women writers 1849 births 1935 deaths Writers from the Grand Duchy of Finland Swedish-language writers People from Nykarleby
Blagovest Chanev Belev (Bulgarian: Благовест Чанев Бєлєв; 9 October 1963) is a Bulgarian politician from We Continue the Change. People's representative in the XLVII National Assembly. Biography Blagovest Belev was born on 9 October 1963 in Plovdiv, People's Republic of Bulgaria. He graduated from Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy with a degree in Shipbuilding. In 2006 he obtained the degree of long range captain. Since 1991 he has been a lecturer at the Maritime School. In the parliamentary elections of November 2021 as a candidate for MP he was 5th on the list of We Continue the Change for the 3rd MMC – Varna, from where he was elected. References 1963 births Living people Members of the National Assembly (Bulgaria) 21st-century Bulgarian politicians Politicians from Plovdiv
Alma Ast-Anni (12 December 1884, in Kaavere Parish (now Põltsamaa Parish, Kreis Fellin – 30 October 1958, in Tallinn) was an Estonian politician. She was a member of the Estonian Constituent Assembly, representing the Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party. She was a member of the assembly since 28 May 1920. She replaced Eduard Vilde. References 1884 births 1958 deaths People from Põltsamaa Parish People from Kreis Fellin Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party politicians Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly
Electric Daisy Carnival, commonly known as EDC, is an electronic dance music festival organized by promoter and distributor Insomniac. The annual flagship event, EDC Las Vegas, is held in May at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway, and is currently the largest electronic dance music festival in North America. The event features electronic dance producers and DJs, and incorporates a variety of electronic music, including house, techno, drum and bass, and dubstep. In addition to the music, event goers experience three-dimensional superstructures, colorful glow-in-the-dark environments, and LED-lit flora and fauna. There are also interactive art installations throughout EDC, free-roaming carnival performers, and carnival rides. Since its inception, other EDC events have been held in other states and abroad, including Mexico, Puerto Rico, the UK, Brazil, Japan and India. Currently, EDC is held annually in Orlando, China, and Mexico, along with the main Las Vegas event. Sponsors of the most recent EDC events include Corona, Smirnoff, Uber and Tinder. In 2009, EDC became a two-day event, and in 2011, a three-day event that drew 230,000 people. In 2015, it drew more than 400,000 over three days (134,000 per day). In 2018, EDC Las Vegas expanded the festival to include an on-site camping experience. Recent iterations of the festival have featured eight stages, each with a unique set and specific genre of EDM. 18 carnival rides, four ferris wheels, and a staff of more than 5,000 people make up the event at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway. In 2019, access to purchasing tickets to EDC was expanded to mobile phone apps for convenience. In 2017, EDC won the Festival of the Year award at the Electronic Music Awards. History 1991–1999 The first Electric Daisy Carnival was held in 1991, and was first organized by Stephen Hauptfuhr. Philip Blaine—Pasquale's partner—made the deal to grant use of the name Electric Daisy Carnival in 1995 to Pasqualle Rotella CEO of Insomniac Events. Insomniac debuted their signature event, Electric Daisy Carnival, in 1997 at the Shrine Expo Hall in Los Angeles, California. In the early years, several southern California venues played host to the annual electronic music festival: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum and Exposition Park in Los Angeles, National Orange Show Events Center in San Bernardino, Queen Mary Events Park in Long Beach, Lake Dolores Waterpark in Barstow, Hansen Dam in Lake View Terrace, and the International Agri-Center in Tulare. In 1999, Electric Daisy Carnival took place at Lake Dolores Waterpark in Newberry Springs, California. The festival first took place at a small venue at Lake Dolores Waterpark, called Insomniac. 2000–2009 In 2000, The Electric Daisy Carnival moves to Tulare, California, at the World Ag Expo. In 2001, Electric Daisy Carnival was held at Hansen Dam in Southern California, expanding for the first time to multiple stages: the Merry Go Round, the Fun House, Clown Alley, the Confusin' & Amuzin' Mirror Maze, Bassrush Arena and Cosmic Healing Temple. In the same year, another EDC was held in Austin, Texas. EDC 2002 was held at Queen Mary Events Park in Long Beach, California. A second edition was planned to be held at the Travis County Exposition Center in Austin, Texas, but the venue cancelled in the days before an event. A make-up show with a different line-up was held a week later for anyone who did not just get a refund. From 2003 to 2006, Electric Daisy Carnival was held at the NOS Events Center in San Bernardino, California. In 2007, Electric Daisy Carnival was held at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles' Exposition Park. In 2008, The California event was held June 28 at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum and Exposition Park. The EDC Colorado event took place on June 14 at the Arapahoe County Fairgrounds in Aurora. At the Nocturnal Festival in 2008, EDC revealed its plan to host a two-day festival in California. The event was held on June 26–27. On Friday, approximately 55,000 attendees were present and Saturday saw a crowd of approximately 99,000. EDC 2009 was held at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum and used the entire southern half of Exposition Park. The Colorado event was held at the Arapahoe County Fairgrounds in Aurora on June 13. It was headlined by Infected Mushroom, Paul Van Dyk, and several others. EDC Puerto Rico was held on August 14. The venue was The Arena Fairgrounds in San Juan. 2010–2019 EDC Los Angeles had an attendance of about 185,000 people. Though tickets were starting at $60, some attendees paid over $100 per ticket. It drew criticism from local authorities and promoters after people under the required age of 16 gained entrance, and more than 100 ravers were hospitalized after a crowd stampede. A 15-year-old attendee, Sasha Rodriguez, died after taking MDMA, a psychoactive drug. The city of Los Angeles placed a suspension on all remaining events scheduled for 2010 and for future events, pending the outcome of the new security and safety provisions. The new provisions included the hiring of on-site doctors, and stated attendees must be over 18 years of age. An EDC Colorado event was held on June 12 at the Arapahoe County Fairground in Aurora. EDC Dallas was held on June 19 at Fair Park in Dallas. 11,000 people were in attendance. EDC Puerto Rico was held on August 28, 2010, at the Estadio Sixto Escobar at Puerta de Tierra, San Juan. In 2011, due to the previous controversy of EDC's former residence in Los Angeles, EDC moved its flagship festival to Las Vegas, Nevada. The event was held at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway from June 24–26. Reportedly 230,000 people had attended the 3 day festival. EDC Orlando 2011 was held on May 27–28 at Tinker Field, and the grounds adjacent to the Florida Citrus Bowl. EDC Orlando 2011 had approximately 12,000 on Friday and 20,000 on Saturday. EDC Colorado the same year was held at the Arapahoe County Fairgrounds in Aurora on June 11. Electric Daisy Carnival Dallas was held June 18 at Fair Park with an estimated 25,000 attendees. Temperatures above 110 degrees led to dozens of hospitalizations and at least one death, which made it the last EDC held in Dallas. EDC Puerto Rico took place in San Juan at the Estadio Sixto Escobar on August 27 In 2012, the three-day EDC in Vegas (June 8–10) saw attendance increase by 30%, to a total of 320,000 attendees. A 31-year-old male from Florida died after being struck by a truck as he left EDC at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway on June 11. Friends reported that he had been drinking and smoking. The second night had to shut down early at 1 a.m. due to high winds, of up to 30 MPH that started around 8 p.m. 90,000 fans were directed to the speedway's bleachers. DJs Markus Schulz and Steve Aoki, who were both scheduled to play that night, performed impromptu sets on the Insomniac Wide Awake art car, a much smaller, mobile stage, for a short period, before officials ordered it to close as potentially dangerous winds were expected until 5 a.m. In order to make up for the cancellation, Insomniac allowed those with Saturday passes to return on Sunday. EDC Orlando was held at Tinker Field on November 9–10. This coincided with the annual Dayglow event in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, called "Dancegiving" held the weekend after Thanksgiving. EDC New York was held May 18–20 at the MetLife Stadium at the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey. Although the venue was located in New Jersey, the festival was coined Electric Daisy Carnival New York due to the proximity to New York City. The event drew 45,000 attendees per day. In 2013, EDC Las Vegas was held June 21–23. EDC was held in London for the first time, along with events in Chicago, New York, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and Orlando, Florida. In 2014, EDC was held at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway on June 20–22, 2014. Insomniac Events announced that all 345,000 tickets to the three-day festival had been sold by June 18, 2014. At the conclusion of the 2014 event, the massive three-day festival drew in roughly 134,000 per day. The setup at the event also led Insomniac to set the record for the largest structural stage in North America. EDC events were also held in Milton Keynes, England, San Juan, Orlando, Florida, and New York. The first EDC Mexico was held on March 15–16, 2014. A documentary film called Under the Electric Sky about the festival premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival. EDC Las Vegas 2015 was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway on June 19, 20 & 21. Its stage featured a blinking owl as background theme. EDC Las Vegas 2015 was met with unwanted publicity for the death of a UC Irvine graduate on the second night of the festival. Death was ruled as related to MDMA, which has side effects of dehydration and increase in body temperature. EDC was also held at Orlando, Florida at Tinker Field on November 6 & 7, and East Rutherford, New Jersey at MetLife Stadium on May 23 & 24. Internationally, EDC was held at Estadio Sixto Escobar in San Juan, Puerto Rico for the sixth time on February 21 & 22, Autódromo José Carlos Pace in São Paulo, Brazil for the first time December 4 & 5, Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City, Mexico for the second time on February 28 – March 1, and the National Bowl in Milton Keynes, UK for the third time on July 17. In 2016, EDC Las Vegas was held at Las Vegas Motor Speedway from June 17–19. The event saw DJ Marshmello removing his helmet in a gimmick to be the DJ Tiësto. EDC Mexico was held for the third time at Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City, from February 27–28, 2016. EDC New York was held at Citi Field in Queens, NY, from May 14–15, 2016. EDC UK was held at Milton Keynes, England on 9 July 2016. EDC Orlando was held at Tinker Field in Orlando, Florida, from November 4–5, 2016. EDC India was held at Buddh International Circuit in New Delhi, India, from November 12–13, 2016. In 2017, EDC returned to the Las Vegas Motor Speedway from June, with over 135,000 attendees on opening night. Heat-related health incidents saw a significant increase, with double the medical-related calls on opening night year-over-year. A 34-year-old man died after taking MDMA and TFMPP, a drug similar to MDMA, with heat exposure as a contributing factor. EDC was held for the fourth time in Mexico City at Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez from 25 to 26 February. EDC UK 2017, due to be held at Milton Keynes, England in July 2017, was cancelled. EDC Orlando 2017 was held at Tinker Field on November 10–11, 2017. In 2018, EDC Orlando was held at Tinker Field from November 9–10. EDC Las Vegas was held at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway from May 18–20; the festival was moved from its traditional June scheduling so that it will be held in relatively cooler conditions. The festival also introduced on-site camping (including rentable campers and RV parking) and earlier opening times in order to reduce traffic congestion. An estimated 411,400 people attended the festival over the three days. EDC Mexico in Mexico City was planned for February 24–25 at Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez. EDC Japan was held in Chiba, Japan May 12 & 13 at Zozo Marine Stadium and Makuhari Beach Park. Heavy Rains caused equipment issues. EDC China in Shanghai, April 29 & 30, debut at Shanghai International Music Park. In 2019, EDC Las Vegas returned to the Las Vegas Motor Speedway for May 17–19. On the second day, high winds forced stage closures. Due to wording of the message displayed on screens, and the played audio message instructing them to "take cover in your car", some attendees were led to believe that the entire festival was being shut down for the night and subsequently left the speedway. Upon learning at the exit that only certain areas were closed for safety precautions some people tried to re-enter the grounds but were not allowed back in due to the event's strict no-reentry policy. Las Vegas police announced 65 arrests during the festival, including 2 DUIs and 51 felony or gross misdemeanor arrests. EDC Mexico in Mexico City returned to Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez for February 23–24, 2019. EDC Orlando is now held for 3 days, instead of the normal 2 days. It will remain at Tinker Field, outside of Camping World Stadium. EDC Japan was held in Chiba on May 11 & 12, 2019 at ZOZO Marine Stadium & Makuhari Beach Park. EDC Korea was held on 31 August & 1 September at Seoul Land, Gwacheon, South Korea. 2020–present In 2020, EDC Mexico in Mexico City was held at Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez for February 28–March 2. It was announced that the 2020 festival would utilize more of the Las Vegas Motor Speedway grounds, with Rotella pointing out that the speedway had removed a large number of RV hookups that had made certain areas of the grounds unusable. The festival was originally scheduled to take place from May 15–17, but was rescheduled for October 2–4. However, in July 2020, the festival was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A virtual festival, streamed live on Twitch and YouTube, took place during the original scheduled dates. In 2021, EDC Las Vegas was originally scheduled to be held from May 21–23. However. Clark County on April 20 passed a reopening plan that requires 60% of their residents to be vaccinated before restrictions over large scale gatherings such as EDC can be lifted. In a statement released on social media, Insomniac Events CEO Pasquale Rotella stated, "Unfortunately, the rate at which people get vaccinated before EDC is out of our control. It might happen in time, it might not. Either way, we can't take that risk." The event instead took place from October 22–24. The Electronic Dance Music (EDM) festival had the most number of attendees in Las Vegas, with an average of around 104,000 people attending each night. During this time span, the medical district provided care to 2,673 different patients. The patients' ages ranged from 18 to 42 years old, with a median age of 22. Intoxication from alcohol or drugs, dehydration and dizziness, or trauma were the primary causes of patients seeking medical attention at the urgent care center. Charity For every flagship festival held, Insomniac Care donates a percentage of ticket sales to national charities and community organizations. In the past, EDC Las Vegas has partnered with Surreal, a fundraising platform, to raise money from festival goers who enter in a sweepstake for helicopter rides and other activities with popular DJs. Since 2011, over two million dollars have been donated to groups. Some organizations are named below. Rock the Vote Families for Effective Autism Treatment Injured Police Officers Fund Boys and Girls Club of Southern Nevada Nevada Childhood Cancer Foundation The Las Vegas Academy for Arts Media A documentary film, Under the Electric Sky, premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival. The film chronicles the community and life of festival-goers during EDC Las Vegas 2013. Awards and nominations International Dance Music Awards 2010-2016 2018–present Notes References External links Insomniac website Rave Music festivals established in 1997 Music festivals in Nevada Las Vegas Motor Speedway Music festivals in Orlando, Florida Electronic music festivals in the United States Electronic music festivals in the United Kingdom Electronic music festivals in India Electronic music festivals in Japan Electronic music festivals in Mexico Dance in California Music festivals in California
The Afram Plains South constituency is in the Eastern region of Ghana. The current member of Parliament for the constituency is Hon. Eric Osei Owusu He was elected on the ticket of the National Democratic Congress and won a majority of 11,186 votes representing 53.57%, to win the constituency election to become the MP. He was the CEO of National Food Buffer Stock Company, 2010–2016. See also List of Ghana Parliament constituencies References Parliamentary constituencies in the Eastern Region (Ghana)
The Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States system of national wildlife refuges. It is located in Alfalfa County in northern Oklahoma, north of Jet (pop. 230), along Great Salt Plains Lake, which is formed by a dam on the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River. The refuge was established March 26, 1930, by executive order of President Herbert Hoover, and contains of protected land as habitat to about 312 species of birds and 30 species of mammals. It was designated a national natural landmark in June 1983. Refuge description The Salt Plains were a favorite hunting ground for American Indians. Bison and other game came to the area to eat the salt and the heavily wooded and well-watered area along the Salt Fork River was like an oasis in the surrounding grassland of the Great Plains. Salt Plains refuge is divided into almost equal areas of nonvegetated salt flat, open water, and vegetated land. Marshes, woods, grasslands, and croplands dot the refuge. Management tools used to enhance the habitat for wildlife include farming, grazing, prescribed burns, construction of ponds, and wetland draining and flooding. The refuge was created to be a resting and breeding ground for migratory waterfowl especially during fall and spring. The entire refuge is designated as critical habitat for the endangered whooping crane, which is mostly seen during fall migration. In addition, the refuge is home to endangered least terns, threatened snowy plovers, threatened bald eagles, and peregrine falcons. Large populations of American white pelicans migrate through between August and September, staying on the Great Salt Plains Reservoir. Great Salt Plains is one of the most important habitats for shorebirds in the Western Hemisphere. Ralstin Island Ralstin Island (closed to the public) is an important rookery in the Great Salt Plains Lake. The island was originally , but has eroded to about . It hosts more than 30,000 birds during breeding season. Over 30 species nest in the colony, including the white-faced ibis, great blue herons, and most notably, the tricolored heron. History of the Great Salt Plains Osage control of Great Salt Plains According to Historian Louis F. Burns, the Osage Indians used the salt found in the Great Salt Plains to bleach deer-skins and the Great Salt Plains gave the Osages a surplus of salt to trade with other tribes. According to Burns, the Osage were firmly in control of the Great Salt Plains by 1760 and because of a favorable combination of geographical factors, the Osages became the dominant force in mid—America. "In a one hundred twenty-five year period, 1678-1803, the Osages performed a feat no other American Indians duplicated," writes Burns. "They stopped the west-ward expansion of the Euro-American peoples and simultaneously tripled the size of their own domain." Sibley Expedition George Champlin Sibley was appointed head trader at the Indian Factory at Fort Osage, Missouri, when it opened in 1808. While at Fort Osage, Sibley quickly engaged in creating relationships with the neighboring Osage tribes. In May 1811 Sibley's expedition left Fort Osage to examine the hunting grounds of the Osage. In 1811 his expedition was said to be the first white men to visit the plains. Sibley's expedition, leaving from Fort Osage, Missouri was guided by an Osage Indian named Sans Orielle. Sibley named the area the Grand Saline. Sibley cut short his expedition when informed by reports that bands of Comanche were nearby. Sibley returned to Fort Osage on July 11, 1811 and reported that the salt deposits would eventually prove commercially profitable. Native American usage The Great Salt Plains have been the scene of many Indian Councils, both of war and peace. Because animals flocked to the area for the salt, the Great Salt Plains made for excellent hunting and it became obvious that any tribe that controlled the Salt Plains would have to contend with intrusions by other tribes. Therefore the Treaty of New Echota signed in 1835, provided the Cherokee Nation with ownership of the Cherokee Outlet but declared that the saline areas were to be accessible to use by other tribes. In drafting the treaty the United States Government withheld the Salt Plains area with the provision that, "The right is reserved to the United States to allow other tribes of red men to get salt on the Great Salt Plains in common with the Cherokee Tribe." Chemical weapons discovery In 2007, a Boy Scout digging for crystals uncovered a collection of 7.5-inch vials containing chemical agents such as mustard gas, lewisite, chloropicrin, and phosgene. The vials were part of World War II-era military chemical agent identification sets. The burial of vials was standard procedure for removing them from service at that time. No record of a disposal site was reported at the salt plains. Crystal digging was suspended from April 2007 until April 2009, while the risk of allowing digging again was evaluated; 171 vials and at least a dozen incendiary devices were removed from the location. The salt plains were also used as a bombing and strafing range during World War II. Remnants of this use are still left on the plains. Recreation Driving tour: The Harold F. Miller Auto Tour begins near the nature center. It is long and ends at Highway 11. The dirt road passes by ponds and fields where crops for wildlife are cultivated. White-tailed deer and other wildlife are common. A trail of leads to Casey Marsh Tower, where waterfowl are abundant and bald eagles can be seen in fall and winter. Hiking: The Sandpiper Trail begins near the nature center and refuge office and leads to the edge of the salt flats and a birding observation platform. The Eagle Roost Nature Trail is a loop also beginning near the nature center. The trail goes through wooded and open areas, beneath towering cottonwood trees, past marshes and ponds, and to a shore and waterfowl watching area on Sand Creek Bay. Selenite crystals: A designated area of the of salt flats at the refuge has gypsum concentrations high enough to grow selenite, a crystalline form of gypsum. The selenite crystals found there have an hourglass-shaped sand inclusion that is not known to occur in selenite crystals found elsewhere in the world. Digging for crystals is allowed, but only from April 1 through October 15 to protect this vital Whooping Crane habitat. Hunting: About of the refuge north of Highway 11 are open for hunting. State laws apply, except deer may be hunted by permit only. Hunting is permitted for pheasant, northern bobwhite quail, mourning dove, ducks, geese, and sandhill cranes. Fishing: According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the extreme drought of 2011 and 2012 has almost ended fishing as a recreational activity at the refuge. These conditions caused very large fish kills in the reservoir and restocking has been suspended. Fishing downstream of the dam is still permitted, but is greatly affected by local precipitation and the flow of the Great Salt River. Information that follows indicate the practices in force prior to the 2011 drought, and may no longer apply: Fishing is permitted from April 1 to October 15 on most of the refuge. Closed areas are marked by buoys or signs. Fishing in Bonham Pond is permitted only for children under 14 and mobility-handicapped persons and is catch-and-release. Salt Plains Lake is noted for large channel and other catfish. Other game fish include striped bass, largemouth bass, crappie, white bass, panfish, and walleye. State laws apply for bag limits and seasons, and the use of boats in the river and creeks is prohibited. See also Great Salt Plains State Park Central Great Plains (ecoregion) The Great Plains Ecoregion References External links US Army Corps of Engineers:Great Salt Plains Recreation Refuge website SP Bird List Informational videos Official Great Salt Plains videos have been created and are hosted on YouTube. They are part of a short series, which includes: Let's Go Crystal Digging Great Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge Let's Explore a Birding Paradise Parks, Trails and Memorials of Alfalfa County Byron State Fish Hatchery Oklahoma Great Salt Plains State Park National Wildlife Refuges in Oklahoma Protected areas of Alfalfa County, Oklahoma National Natural Landmarks in Oklahoma Nature centers in Oklahoma Wetlands of Oklahoma Landforms of Alfalfa County, Oklahoma Protected areas established in 1930 1930 establishments in Oklahoma
Carl Frank Fischer (year of birth unknown – 1893) was a New Zealand doctor, homoeopath and viticulturist. He was born in Germany. Further reading Gluckman, L. K. 'Dr Carl Fischer MD and the history of homoeopathy in Auckland in the 19th century'. New Zealand Medical Journal 90 (1979): pages 66–69 Gluckman, L. K. 'Dr Carl Frank Fischer MD, an early Auckland physician, botanist and viticulturalist'. Auckland—Waikato Historical Journal No 37 (Sept. 1980): pages 18–20 References 1893 deaths New Zealand homeopaths German homeopaths German emigrants to New Zealand Year of birth unknown
Strathgryffe or Gryffe Valley () is the strath of River Gryffe, which lies within the historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. Strathgryffe also gives its name to a feudal lordship, which covered the western portion of Renfrewshire in the 12th century and formed the nucleus of the county. The land was originally associated with the House of Stewart, who went on to be monarchs of Scotland and later Great Britain. The settlements of Strathgryffe are divided between the council areas of Inverclyde and Renfrewshire and largely follow the flow of the River Gryffe, from Kilmacolm in the far west to where the river meets the Black Cart Water between Houston and Inchinnan. Other significant settlements include Bridge of Weir, Quarriers Village and Crosslee. Name A Strath is a wide glen. The term is rendered in Scots Gaelic as 'Srath' and in Modern Welsh as 'Ystrad'. 'Stragrif' is mentioned in the 1169 charter of Paisley Abbey, which placed the churches of the area under the control of the new abbey. Later, the name 'Gryff' is recorded in the Military Survey of Scotland 1747–1755, compiled by William Roy, a predecessor to the Ordnance Survey maps of Great Britain. The 'Gryffe' spelling has gained predominance in the area, seen for example in signposts showing the name of the river and the names of organisations such as the Gryffe Valley Rotary Club and Gryffe High School. History The lands of Strathgryffe were granted by King David I to Walter fitz Alan, first High Steward of Scotland, and founder of the Stewart family in Scotland, probably in the 1150s. The Royal house would continue to hold lands in Renfrewshire, with the heir to the British throne holding the title of Baron Renfrew, and in part forming the principality of Scotland. In the early 15th century, the area emerged as a county by the name Renfrewshire, owing to the Stewart's base at Renfrew Castle. Initially the chief magistrate in a county was its sheriff - and later in the 15th century the position of Sheriff of Renfrew was held by the Sempill family - an arrangement that continued until the 17th century. Geography The geography of the area is a contrasting mix of green fields surrounding the river, with rough moorland in the higher areas, particularly Clyde Muirshiel Regional Park. Settlements There are a number of villages in Strathgryffe, varying considerably in size. The following straddle or are immediately adjacent to the River Gryffe: Kilmacolm Quarrier's Village (Kilmacolm civil parish) Bridge of Weir Houston (including Craigends on the South-east bank of the river) Crosslee (Houston and Killellan civil parish) Notes References Feudalism in Scotland Glens of Scotland Landforms of Renfrewshire Landforms of Inverclyde
Ivan Inzoudine (born 10 December 1996) is a French professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Championnat National 2 club Chambly. Club career Lens Inzoudine is a product of AF Bobigny and later joined Lens as a U14 player. He made his debut for the club's B-team in the Championnat National 2 in August 2014 and played a total of 29 games for the team. However, after struggling to get through to the first team, he left the club in the summer 2016. Guingamp After a successful trial, including a friendly game against Brest, Inzoudine joined Guingamp on 17 July 2016, where he was registered for the club's B-team. Inzoudine was a regular starter for the club's B-team in the Championnat National 3, which also earned him a spot on the bench for two first team games: The first one in Coupe de France on 1 March 2017 and the second one two days later in Ligue 1. However, he never made his first team debut before leaving the club at the end of the season. Messina Inzoudine moved to Italy and joined Serie D club Messina in January 2018. He made 9 appearances in Serie D for the club. Cavese In the summer 2018, Inzoudine moved to Serie C club Cavese with his manager from Messina, Giacomo Modica, who had been appointed new manager of Cavese. He made 15 appearances for Cavese, 13 of them in the Serie C, before the club announced on 31 January 2019, that his contract had been terminated by mutual consent. Marsala Having been without a club since January 2019, Inzoudine joined Serie D club Marsala on 17 December 2019. Marina di Ragusa After about seven months as a free agent, Inzoudine returned to the Italian Serie D by signing with ASD Marina di Ragusa in mid-February 2021. Return to France After three years in Italy, Inzoudine returned to France when he on 6 June 2021 signed with Championnat National 2 club Saint-Malo. On 5 June 2022 it was confirmed, that Inzoudine had signed with fellow league club Chambly. References External links Living people 1996 births Men's association football fullbacks French men's footballers French expatriate men's footballers Championnat National 2 players Championnat National 3 players Serie C players Serie D players Football Club 93 Bobigny-Bagnolet-Gagny players RC Lens players En Avant Guingamp players ACR Messina players Cavese 1919 players SSD Marsala Calcio players US Saint-Malo players FC Chambly Oise players French expatriate sportspeople in Italy Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Sioned is a Welsh feminine given name. It may refer to: Sioned Harries (born 1989), Welsh rugby union player Sioned James (1974–2016), Welsh musician and choir conductor Sioned Wiliam (born 1962), Welsh comedy producer and executive In fiction Sioned [see: Characters of Dragon Prince], the Sunrunner "witch", a main character from Melanie Raun’s novels See also Sione, an unrelated Oceanic-origin name with a similar spelling
Shin'ichi or Shinichi (しんいち, シンイチ) is a masculine Japanese given name. Shin and ichi are separated and it is pronounced . Possible writings Different kanji that are pronounced are combined with the kanji for " to give different names: 真一, "true, one" 信一, "belief, one" 伸一, "extend, one" 進一, "progress, one" 新一, "new, one" 慎一, "humility, one" 晋一, "advance, one" 紳一, "gentleman, one" 鎮一, "tranquilize, one" 愼一, "care, one" People with the name Shinichi Aoki (紳一, born 1965), Japanese professional Go player Shinichi Chiba (真一), also known as Sonny Chiba, a Japanese actor Shinichi Fujimura (新一, born 1950), Japanese amateur archaeologist , Japanese Zen Buddhist scholar, philosopher and tea master , Japanese ice hockey player Shinichi Hoshi (新一, 1926–1997), Japanese novelist and science fiction writer , Japanese physician and writer Shin'ichi Ishiwata (信一), Japanese scientist Shinichi Itoh (真一, born 1966), Japanese professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer , Japanese ice hockey player Shinichi Kitaoka (伸一, born 1948), Japanese professor of political science Shinichi Mori (進一, born 1947), Japanese enka singer , Japanese cyclist , Japanese baseball player , Japanese footballer , Japanese shogi player Shinichi Sekizawa (新一, 1921–1992), Japanese screenwriter Shinichi Shinohara (信一, born 1973), Japanese judoka Shinichi Suzuki (violinist) (鎮一, 1898–1998), Japanese violinist Suzuki Shin'ichi I (真一, 1835–1918), Japanese photographer Suzuki Shin'ichi II (真一, 1855–1912), Japanese photographer , Japanese ski jumper , Japanese photographer , Japanese modern pentathlete Shinichi Tsutsumi (真一, born 1964), Japanese stage and screen actor Shinichi Watanabe (慎一, born 1964), Japanese anime director Wakakirin Shinichi (真一, born 1983), Japanese sumo wrestler Shinichi Osawa (伸一, born 1967), Japanese pop artist Shinichi Ishihara (born 1960), anison singer and anime voice actor Shinichi Morishita (born 1960), Japanese football player Shinichi Shuto (born 1983), Japanese football player Fictional characters Shinichi Kudō (新一) in the US Version named Jimmy Kudo, the main protagonist of the anime and manga series Case Closed (Detective Conan) Shin'ichi Akiyama, the male protagonist of the manga Liar game Shin'ichi Chiaki, the male protagonist of the manga Nodame Cantabile Shinichi Izumi, the protagonist of the anime and manga series Parasyte Shinichi Kuruma, The protagonist of the anime and manga series Majuu Sensen Shinichi Nagata, a recurring character in Sword Art Online. Shinichi, kitsune antagonist in the trilogy of books The Vampire Diaries: The Return Shinichi Namura is a character in Marmalade Boy. He is Meiko's teacher and secret lover in the manga and anime series. Shinichi Sakurai, the male protagonist of Uzaki-chan Wants to Hang Out! Shin'ichi Susuki, the protagonist of YOU and ME and HER: A Love Story Japanese masculine given names Masculine given names
Siquisiquesuchus (meaning "Siquisique crocodile" after the town in Lara, Venezuela, near where the first described specimens were found) is an extinct genus of gavialid crocodilian. It is known from cranial remains and a few postcranial bones found in Miocene-age rocks of the Castillo Formation in northwestern Venezuela. Description Siquisiquesuchus is based on the holotype MBLUZ–P–5050, a nearly complete skull and lower jaws. It was found near Lara in rocks of the Early Miocene-age Castillo Formation. Two other partial skulls, partial vertebrae, a thigh bone, partial upper arm, and partial shin bone were recovered from another locality. These bones were described by Christopher Brochu and Ascanio Rincón in 2004. The type species is S. venezuelensis. Like other gavialoids, Siquisiquesuchus had a long, narrow rostrum on its skull, accounting for approximately 60% of the skull's length. The number of teeth in the premaxillary bones at the tip of the snout is not known, but the maxillae making up most of the rostrum had at least 20 teeth each, and the dentaries of the lower jaws had at least 23. Some details of the described skulls cannot be determined because the sutures are not visible. Siquisiquesuchus was found by Brochu and Rincón to be the oldest known gavialoid from South America, sharing various anatomical details with Gryposuchus colombianus (to which it is particularly similar) and other South American gavialoids. Later studies have concurred with a gavialoid identity, finding the genus to be related to such genera as Gavialis, Gryposuchus, Ikanogavialis, and Piscogavialis. Vélez–Juarbe and colleagues (2007) found it to be a gryposuchinae gavialid, while Jouve and colleagues (2008) did not assign families or subfamilies. Brochu and Rincón noted that Siquisiquesuchus was found in marginal marine deposits. This, along with similarities to Old World gavialoids, was interpreted as evidence that gavialoids "dispersed across a marine barrier to the Neotropics during the Tertiary." References Gavialidae Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera Neogene crocodylomorphs Miocene reptiles of South America Friasian Santacrucian Colhuehuapian Neogene Venezuela Fossils of Venezuela Fossil taxa described in 2004
Liberal arts colleges are primarily colleges or universities with an emphasis upon undergraduate study in the liberal arts. The Encyclopædia Britannica Concise offers the following definition of the liberal arts as a, "college or university curriculum aimed at imparting general knowledge and developing general intellectual capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational, or technical curriculum." Although the genesis for what is known today as the liberal arts college began in Europe, the term is commonly associated with the United States. Liberal arts colleges are found in countries all over the world as well. See the list (link) of international members of the Association of American Colleges and Universities for other institutions offering liberal arts education programs. A Afghanistan American University of Afghanistan in Kabul Australia Campion College in Sydney Charles Sturt University University of Sydney University of Adelaide B Bangladesh Asian University for Women in Chittagong University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh in Dhaka Belgium Vesalius College in Brussels Bulgaria American University in Bulgaria in Blagoevgrad C Canada Acadia University in Wolfville, Nova Scotia Bishop's University in Lennoxville, Québec Brescia University College (affiliated college of the University of Western Ontario) The College of the Humanities at Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario Cape Breton University in Sydney, Nova Scotia Columbia College in Vancouver, British Columbia Crandall University in Moncton, New Brunswick Dominican University College in Ottawa, Ontario (an affiliate of Carleton University) Glendon College in Toronto, Ontario (a division of York University) Huron University College (affiliated college of the University of Western Ontario) King's University College (affiliated college of the University of Western Ontario) The King's University in Edmonton, Alberta Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario Laurentian University in Greater Sudbury, Ontario Mount Allison University in Sackville, New Brunswick Nipissing University in North Bay, Ontario Our Lady Seat of Wisdom Academy (now College) in Barry's Bay, Ontario Providence College and Theological Seminary in Otterburne, Manitoba Quest University Canada in Squamish, British Columbia Redeemer University College in Ancaster, Ontario Saint Mary's University (Halifax) in Halifax, Nova Scotia St. Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, Nova Scotia St. Thomas More College in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (a federated college of the University of Saskatchewan) St. Thomas University in Fredericton, New Brunswick Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario Trinity Western University in Langley, British Columbia Tyndale University College in Toronto, Ontario Université Sainte-Anne in Church Point, Nova Scotia University of Alberta Augustana Faculty, Alberta University of King's College in Halifax, Nova Scotia University of Lethbridge in Lethbridge, Alberta Booth University College in Winnipeg, Manitoba Chile Pontifical Catholic University of Chile China NYU Shanghai in Pudong, Shanghai Czech Republic Faculty of Humanities, Charles University, Prague E Ecuador Universidad San Francisco de Quito Egypt American University in Cairo Estonia Tallinn University Catherine's College F France American University of Paris Chavagnes Studium G Georgia Agricultural University of Georgia Germany Bard College Berlin in Berlin University College Freiburg in Freiburg Witten/Herdecke University in Witten Leuphana University in Lüneburg Ghana Ashesi University Greece American College of Thessaloniki H Hong Kong Hang Seng University of Hong Kong Centennial College Lingnan University Hong Kong Shue Yan University Hungary McDaniel College Budapest I India Ahmedabad University in Ahmedabad Ashoka University in Sonepat Flame University in Pune Krea University in Sri City Symbiosis School for Liberal Arts in Pune Iraq The American University of Iraq – Sulaimani Israel Shalem College in Jerusalem Italy American University of Rome John Cabot University Indonesia Universitas Pelita Harapan J Japan Soka University of Japan, Tokyo The College of Liberal Arts, International Christian University in Tokyo College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo (Komaba campus) in Tokyo International College of Liberal Arts, Yamanashi Gakuin University in Kofu L Lithuania Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas LCC International University in Klaipeda N The Netherlands Amsterdam University College in Amsterdam Erasmus University College in Rotterdam University College Groningen in Groningen Leiden University College The Hague in The Hague University College ATLAS, Academy of Technology, Liberal Arts & Sciences in Enschede University College Maastricht in Maastricht University College Roosevelt in Middelburg University College Utrecht, in Utrecht University of Tilburg in Tilburg P Pakistan Forman Christian College in Lahore Habib University in Karachi Philippines Poland University of Warsaw in Warsaw R Russia Smolny College in St. Petersburg S Singapore Yale-NUS College Slovakia BISLA in Bratislava Spain Saint Louis University Madrid Campus Sweden Gotland University College University of Gothenburg Switzerland Franklin University Switzerland T Thailand Mahidol University International College U United Kingdom New College of the Humanities Richmond University St. Mary's University College (Belfast), Queen's University Belfast United Arab Emirates New York University, (Abu Dhabi) United States References Liberal arts colleges
Whitehaven railway station is a railway station serving the coastal town of Whitehaven in Cumbria, England. It is on the Cumbrian Coast Line, which runs between and . It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains. History The first station at Whitehaven was opened on 19 March 1847 by the Whitehaven Junction Railway (WJR) as the terminus of their line from . This station lay to the south of the present station, with the main entrance on Bransty Row (at ). On the southern side of the town, the first section of the Whitehaven and Furness Junction Railway (W&FJR) opened on 1 June 1849 from a terminus at Whitehaven (Preston Street) to , but there was no connection between this line and the WJR suitable for passenger trains. In between the two stations stood the town centre, and to the east of that Hospital Hill, so a tunnel long was built beneath the latter, being completed in July 1852. In 1854, the W&FJR passenger trains began using the WJR station at Whitehaven (Preston Street becoming a goods-only station). In 1865, the W&FJR was absorbed by the Furness Railway (FR), and in 1866, the WJR was absorbed by the London and North Western Railway (LNWR). The LNWR station (formerly WJR) was replaced on 20 December 1874 by a new one named Whitehaven Bransty; it was jointly owned by the LNWR and the FR. This station had its name simplified to Whitehaven on 6 May 1968. The original buildings were demolished and replaced by a modern single-story ticket hall in the mid-1980s. The former goods yard site beyond and behind platform one is now occupied by a supermarket. The station formerly had four operational platforms, but today only two remain in use (the former platforms three and four having lost their tracks when the layout was simplified and the buildings replaced). The double line from Parton becomes single opposite the station signal box (which still bears the original station name Whitehaven Bransty) and then splits into two - one runs into platform one (a bay used by most terminating services from Carlisle) and the other runs into platform two, which is the through line to Sellafield, Millom and Barrow. Trains heading south must collect a token for the single line section to St Bees from a machine on the platform (with the co-operation of the signaller) before they can proceed. Conversely trains from Barrow must surrender the token upon arrival, the driver returning it to the machine before departing for Workington. Only then can the signaller allow another train to enter the single line section. Facilities The ticket office is open six days per week (closed evenings and Sundays) and there is also a ticket machine available. Digital display screens, a P.A. system and information posters provide train running information. Step-free access is available through the main building to both platforms. Services There is generally an hourly service northbound to Carlisle and southbound to Barrow-in-Furness (no late evening service operates south of here). A few through trains operate to/from Lancaster via the Furness Line. Train operator Northern introduced a regular Sunday through service to Barrow via the coast at the May 2018 timetable change - the first such service south of Whitehaven for more than 40 years. Services run approximately hourly from mid-morning until early evening, with later trains starting and terminating here. This represents a major upgrade on the former infrequent service of four per day each way to/from Whitehaven only that previously operated. A Sunday service over the whole length of the Coastal route operated on a one-off basis on Sunday 27 September 2009 (the first time a revenue earning passenger Sunday service operated south of Whitehaven since May 1976) to celebrate the ACoRP Community Rail Festival. An improved Sunday service has been introduced as part of the current Northern franchise. References Sources Joy, D. Cumbrian Coast Railways. Dalesman Publishing 1968. Joy, D. A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain, Volume XIV: The Lake Counties. David and Charles 1983. Quayle, H. Whitehaven - The Railways and Waggonways of a Unique Cumberland Port. Cumbrian Railways Association 2006. External links Railway stations in Cumbria DfT Category E stations Former Furness Railway stations Former London and North Western Railway stations Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1847 Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1874 Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1874 Northern franchise railway stations Whitehaven 1847 establishments in England
Norra Bankogränd (Swedish: "Northern Bank Alley") is an alley in Gamla stan, the old town of Stockholm, Sweden. Connecting Skeppsbron to Österlånggatan and Järntorget, it forms a parallel street to Tullgränd and Södra Bankogränd. The alley passes north of Södra Bankohuset, the former building of the Bank of Sweden, constructed by the architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder (1615–1684) during the period 1666–1682. On various maps it is recorded as Banco-gränden (1729) and Norra Bancogränd (1733). The part of the building facing Skeppsbron was rebuilt later. The covered bridge passing over the alley was added when the northern bank building was built during the 1770s. The bank moved to Helgeandsholmen in 1906. See also List of streets and squares in Gamla stan References External links hitta.se - Location map and virtual walk Streets in Stockholm
The Northumberland Youth Advisory Council, NYAC, is a government-related youth voice program in Northumberland County, Ontario. The council provides scholarships, sponsors youth philanthropy programs, and hosts an annual Youth Opportunities Expo. Several members have been noted for their individual contributions to the province of Ontario through the NYAC. About The Northumberland Youth Advisory Council is improves social economic opportunities for young people in Northumberland. Goals include empowering and connecting young people through the creation of a Youth Council as an advisory voice to municipal government; to engage and retain youth as part of a sustainable youth strategy for Northumberland; to create an information forum that actively communicates and promotes opportunities for youth in business, politics and culture. Background The Northumberland Youth Advisory Council was established in the fall of 2005. Composed of approximately 25 young people between the ages of 14 and 24 who represent various organizations throughout Northumberland, the organization is funded in part by the County of Northumberland. It is the first ever fully funded youth council in the history of Northumberland County. Membership The membership is provided through a youth representative being forwarded by the Municipality of Brighton, Municipality (town) of Trent Hills, Town of Cobourg, Municipality of Port Hope, Township of Cramahe, Township of Alnwick/Haldimand, Township of Hamilton, Campbellford District High School, Cobourg District Collegiate Institute East, Cobourg Collegiate Institute West, and others. The General Membership is a non-appointed position and is open to all youth ages 14 to 24 in Northumberland County. Its members assist the Directors in addressing those issues that impact youth. See also Youth voice Youth council References External links NYAC official website. Youth empowerment organizations Northumberland County, Ontario
The Center for Legal and Social Studies (in Spanish: Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales; acronym: CELS) is an Argentinian non-governmental organization based in Buenos Aires. It was founded in 1979 and it is oriented towards the promotion and defense of human rights as well as the strengthening of democratic institutions. Its current president is social anthropologist Sofía Tiscornia. History Between 1970 and 1980 in Argentina there was a big movement of the creation and development of human rights defense organizations such as: Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo, and HIJOS This was because of two main circumstances: the Dirty War and the universal development of the human rights concept after the two World Wars. The Center of Legal and Social Studies was founded under this context by the end of the last military dictatorship of Argentina. The founders of this organization were the lawyers Alfredo Galleti, Augusto Conte, Boris Pasik, Emilio Mignone and the scientist Jose Westerkamp. This NGO had been developing since 1978 and it was formally established in 1980. The Westerkamp family were active members and their studies focused on cases and methods of repression. Gustavo Westerkamp and Doctor José Westerkamp were both jailed by the early 1980s for the threat they posed to Argentine dictator Jorge Rafael Videla. During the first stage, the organization was focused on documenting human rights violations by the dictatorship and imparting legal assistance to the relatives of the victims, especially those involved in cases of forced disappearance. After Argentina became a democratic state this organization became focused, not only on human rights defense, but also on promoting legal and institutional reforms aimed at improving the quality of democratic institutions. Board Members Its founder and first president was Emilio Mignone, a lawyer whose daughter was forcibly disappeared by the dictatorship. From 2000 to 2021, Horacio Verbitsky was president of the organization, he was also part of the board of directors of the Latin American division of the Human Rights Watch. Laura Jordán de Conte is the vice president. Publications Law of Fair Access to Housing: Guide for its Application, 2017, The Right to Social Protest in Argentina, 2017, Torture in Prisons: Why Are Violence Prevention Policies Not Effective In Argentina?, 2017, Harassed: Violence and Police Arbitrariness in Working Class Neighborhoods, 2016, Crossing the Wall: Challenges and Proposals for the Extermination of the Insane Asylum, 2015, CELS also serves as editorial for other authors Frontalini, Daniel; Caiati, María Cristina, 1984, The Myth of the Dirty War Tiscornia, Sofía, 2008, Human Rights Activism and State Bureaucracies: the Walter Bulacio Case Pita, Maria Victoria, 2010, Ways of Living and Ways of Dying: Activism Against Police Brutality Villalta, Carla, 2012. Deliveries and Kidnappings: the Role of the State in the Appropriation of Children Memberships CELS is a member of: The International League for Human Rights (ILHR) The International Commission of Jurists The World Organization Against Torture The International Federation for Human Rights Awards Letelier-Moffitt Human Rights Award (1983) Gruber Prize for Justice (2011) References External links CELS Official website CELS CELS
C. John "Jack" Collins is an American academic and professor of Old Testament at Covenant Theological Seminary, where he has served since 1993. He received a BS and MS (computer science and systems engineering) from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, an M.Div. from Faith Evangelical Lutheran Seminary, and a Ph.D. in Biblical Hebrew linguistics from the School of Archaeology and Oriental Studies, University of Liverpool. Collins was Old Testament Chairman for the ESV Study Bible, served as ESV Text Editor for The English-Greek Reverse Interlinear New Testament (Crossway, 2006), and is Old Testament Editor of the English Standard Version Study Bible. He has published numerous articles in technical journals, as well as The New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis. In 2000 his book on the theological and exegetical aspects of divine action, entitled The God of Miracles, was published by Crossway. It was also carried by InterVarsity Press in the UK the following year. His next book, Science and Faith: Friends or Foes? was also published by Crossway in 2003, followed by Genesis 1-4: A Linguistic, Theological, and Literary Commentary, published by P&R (2006). Collins' recent book Did Adam and Eve Really Exist?: Who They Were and Why You Should Care (Crossway, 2011), in which he highlights the importance to Christian theology of believing that the biblical period fall of man was a historical event, and explores whether such a belief can be compatible with a Darwinian view of human origins. Collins has been a prominent voice in recent discussion among evangelicals on this topic. Works Thesis Books Edited by References Living people MIT School of Engineering alumni Alumni of the University of Liverpool Covenant Theological Seminary faculty Year of birth missing (living people)
The Katoomba to Mittagong Trail is a 132-km long-distance walking trail that starts in the Blue Mountains at Katoomba (New South Wales, Australia) and finishes at Mittagong in the Southern Highlands. Description Starting at Katoomba, the walk descends via the Narrow Neck Plateau to the Megalong Valley, crosses Coxs River then follows Scotts Main Range to Yerranderrie, a former silver mining town that now serves as a tourist destination. From there it heads east to cross the Wollondilly River, over the Beloon Pass then along the Nattai River and up to Mittagong. A slightly shorter but very scenic exit can be made by climbing out of the Nattai Valley on Starlights Trail. This trail starts at MacArthur's Flat and finishes at Wattle Ridge. Highlights of the walk include views from Narrow Neck Plateau, views from Scotts Main Range, ruins of old properties along Scotts Main Range, heritage buildings and scenery at Yerranderie and scenery around Lake Burragorang. Public transport via rail is available at both start and finish. The walk is best made from north to south as the terrain is much more difficult to conquer in the opposite direction. Heading south also prevents walkers from facing towards the sun. For very fit walkers, the walk can be completed in six days, although extra time should be allowed for seeing Yerranderie if desired. References Hiking and bushwalking tracks in the Blue Mountains (New South Wales)
Prakash Seet (born 15 September 1991) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Jharkhand in the 2012–13 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 18 March 2013. References External links 1991 births Living people Indian cricketers Jharkhand cricketers Cricketers from Jharkhand
Yellow Quill 90-11 is an Indian reserve of the Yellow Quill First Nation in Saskatchewan. References Indian reserves in Saskatchewan
The Tulane Environmental Law Journal (TELJ) is a legal periodical produced and edited by students at the Tulane University Law School. The journal has been recognized as among the top fifteen environmental law journals. Articles are written by professors, practitioners, and Tulane Law students. It was founded in 1988. Oliver Houck serves as the Journal's faculty adviser. Distinguished alumni Mona M. Stone, JD 1997, Chicago partner of Locke Lord Bissell & Liddell; former Business Editor of the Journal Trilby Robinson–Dorn, JD 1997, Seattle partner of K&L Gates; former Editor in Chief of the Journal See also Tulane Environmental Law Clinic References American law journals Tulane University Law School Biannual journals Academic journals established in 1988 Environmental law journals Law journals edited by students
The Bonny Lass of Anglesey is Child ballad 220. Synopsis Fifteen English lords come to the king "To dance and win the victory." He gets the bonny lass to dance with them, offering her lands and either the fairest knight (of her choice), or the bravest, in his court. She wins. The fifteenth lord laid aside his sword but still had to admit defeat—in one variant, for exhaustion. Commentary The significance of this dancing competition and the "victory" won is unclear. The point is that none of the knights can outdance her. Francis James Child classified it among the "historical" ballads. Adaptions Delia Sherman reworked this ballad in her short story "The Fiddler of Bayou Teche". References Child Ballads Year of song unknown Songwriter unknown

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