text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
Sylvie Patin (born Sylvie Gache-Patin on 11 June 1951) is a French conservator-restorer of cultural heritage at Musée d'Orsay and art historian specialised in Impressionism.
Career
Sylvie Patin was born on 11 June 1951. She has a degree in historical geography and a master's degree in history at the Paris Nanterre University, then she joined École du Louvre to continue her study.
She did a museum internship at the Musée Marmottan Monet in 1972 and passed the competitive examination of the musées de France in 1973. From 1974 to 1975, she was a trainee curator at Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume and Musée de l'Orangerie, then a full-time curator from 1976 to 1980. She became curator of the Musée d'Orsay in 1980, chief curator in 1991, and finally a general curator in 2006. She retired in 2016.
In 2010, Patin curated an exhibition of Monet at the Grand Palais. She has published several books on the impressionist painter Claude Monet, such as (2016), a book presents the study of Monet's garden and house in Giverny; and (1991), a copiously illustrated pocket book belonging to the collection “Découvertes Gallimard”, which has been translated into seven languages, including English. On 20 September 2020, Patin was invited to a based on her book . The meeting was organised in a former florist shop at the Place de l'Église of Illiers-Combray, during a book fair held in the commune.
Publications
Publications by Patin
In the Country: 19th Century Musée d’Orsay, Éditions Hazan, 1986
Monet : « un œil... mais, bon Dieu, quel œil ! », collection « Découvertes Gallimard » (nº 131), série Arts. Éditions Gallimard, 1991, new edition in 2010
Monet: The Ultimate Impressionist, ‘New Horizons’ series, Thames & Hudson, 1993 (UK edition)
Monet: The Ultimate Impressionist, “Abrams Discoveries” series. Harry N. Abrams, 1993 (U.S. edition)
Impression... impressionnisme, collection « Découvertes Gallimard Texto » (nº 4). Éditions Gallimard, 1998
L’impressionnisme, La Bibliothèque des Arts, 2002
Claude Monet au musée d’Orsay, RMN, 2004
Le Musée intime de Monet à Giverny, Éditions Gourcuff Gradenigo, 2016
Monet’s Private Picture Gallery at Giverny, Éditions Gourcuff Gradenigo, 2016
In collaboration
With Anne Distel & Michel Hoog, L’impressionnisme au musée du Jeu de Paume, F. Hazan, 1977
AA.VV., Monet (Grand Palais Paris exhibition catalogue): 1840–1926, Harry N. Abrams, 2010
References
External links
Bibliographie de Sylvie Patin at her official website
1951 births
Living people
Curators from Paris
French art critics
French women art critics
École du Louvre alumni
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Chevaliers of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques
Officiers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
French women curators |
Elections to Rochdale Council were held on 7 May 1998. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour Party kept overall control of the council where they defeated the Liberal Democrats in 1996.
After the election, the composition of the council was:
Labour 36
Liberal Democrat 18
Conservative 6
Election result
References
"Council poll results", The Guardian 9 May 1998 page 16
1998 English local elections
1998
1990s in Greater Manchester |
Hazlerigg may refer to:
Places
Hazlerigg, a village in Tyne & Wear
Hazelrigg, Cumbria, England
Hazelrigg, Lancashire, England
Hazelrigg House, Northampton. A grade II listed building
Hazelrigg, Indiana, United States
People
Clara H. Hazelrigg (1859–1937), American author, educator, social reformer
Lawrence E. Hazelrigg, American academic - usually quoted by surname only
Baron Hazlerigg, A title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Arthur Haselrig, a 17th century English parliamentarian
Tulle Hazelrigg, American biologist |
Splenic sequestration crisis is a life-threatening illness common in pediatric patients with homozygous sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia. Up to 30% of these children may develop splenic sequestration crisis with a mortality rate of up to 15%. This crisis occurs when splenic vaso-occlusion causes a large percentage of total blood volume to become trapped within the spleen. Clinical signs include severe, rapid drop in hemoglobin leading to hypovolemic shock and death. Pediatric patients with sickle cell disease and beta thalassemia experience multiple splenic infarcts, resulting in splenic fibrosis and scarring. Over time, this leads to a small, auto infarcted spleen typically by the time patients reach adulthood. Splenic sequestration crisis can only occur in functioning spleens which may be why this crisis is rarely seen in adults. However, late adolescent or adult patients in this group who maintain splenic function may develop splenic sequestration crisis.
References
Spleen (anatomy) |
Admiral Sir Lewis Tobias Jones (24 December 1797 – 11 October 1895) was a Royal Navy officer who became Commander-in-Chief, Queenstown.
Naval career
Jones became commanding officer of the fifth-rate HMS Penelope in December 1847 and commanding officer of the frigate HMS Sampson in December 1850. In HMS Sampson he saw action in the Black Sea during the Crimean War. He went on to be commanding officer of the second-rate HMS London in November 1854 and commanding officer of the second-rate HMS Princess Royal in August 1855. He went on to be Second-in-command, East Indies and China Station in September 1859 and Commander-in-Chief, Queenstown in March 1862 before he retired in March 1865. In retirement he was Governor of Greenwich Hospital.
Jones died on 11 October 1895 at his home Rugby House in Southsea and was buried in the family vault in the churchyard of Holy Trinity, Fareham.
References
External links
|-
1797 births
1895 deaths
Royal Navy personnel of the Crimean War
Royal Navy admirals
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath |
The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Greece began on 27 December 2020. As of the 30th of June 2022, 7.919.254 people have received their first dose (75.4% of total population), and 7.629.060 people have been fully vaccinated (72.6% of total population). A total of 6.119.231 people have received an additional booster shot (58.2% of total population).
Vaccines on order
There are several COVID-19 vaccines at various stages of development around the world.
References
2020 in Greece
December 2020 events in Europe
2021 in Greece
January 2021 events in Europe
February 2021 events in Europe
March 2021 events in Europe
COVID-19 pandemic in Greece
Greece
COVID-19 pandemic by country |
Iota Octantis, Latinized, from ι Octantis is a double star in the southern circumpolar constellation Octans. The "A" component has an apparent magnitude of 5.83, making it faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions, but the "B" component can't be seen due to its faintness. The system is located at a distance of 350 light years based on its annual parallax shift, but is drifting away at a rate of .
Iota Octantis A has a classification of K0 III, which indicates that it is an evolved K-type star that exhausted hydrogen at its core and left the main sequence. It has an angular diameter of , which yields a radius 12.43 times that of the Sun at its estimated distance. At present Iota Octantis A has 2.49 times the mass of the Sun and radiates at 81 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of , which gives it an orangish-yellow hue. Iota Octantis is metal deficient and spins slowly with a projected rotational velocity of .
Eggleton et al. states that both stars have similar spectral types, but there is a faint tenth magnitude companion with a classification of F8 located away, which is unrelated to the two.
References
Octans
K-type giants
111482
063031
4870
Durchmusterung objects
Double stars
Octantis, 16 |
Mount Saint Joseph College (commonly MSJ or Mount Saint Joe) is a Catholic college preparatory school and secondary school / high school for young men from ninth to twelfth grade sponsored by the Xaverian Brothers and founded in 1876. It is located within the Archdiocese of Baltimore, Maryland.
Extracurricular activities
School colors and mascot
The school colors are purple and cream. The mascot of the Mount is the Gael.
Sports
Mount Saint Joseph plays most of its sports including wrestling, football, rugby, soccer, volleyball, basketball, baseball, lacrosse, mountain biking, water polo and tennis in the Maryland Interscholastic Athletic Association (MIAA) “A” Conference against other Catholic and private schools. The basketball team competes in both the MIAA and the Baltimore Catholic League. The most success has come from the wrestling program, whose varsity team has over 30 state championships and 9 national championships. The basketball team won the Baltimore Catholic League in 2012/13.
Clubs and activities
Mount Saint Joseph sponsors many student-inspired clubs such as chain-mail club, the Beatles club, Think Tank, the anime club, the video game club, and an It's Academic team, which won the Baltimore Catholic League in 2001 2007, 2008 and 2013. There is also a chapter of the National Honor Society, as well as an ACE Mentoring program for aspiring engineers. In recent years, the school has begun a Model United Nations team, and has participated in the National History Bee and Bowl since its inauguration in 2010, with at least one of its teams advancing to the national tournament every year. The Drama Club partners up with the local Catholic all-girls school, Mount de Sales Academy to perform two shows each year: a play in the fall and a musical in the spring.
Notable alumni
George E. Heffner, member of the Maryland House of Delegates
Gordon England (1955) - United States Deputy Secretary of Defense and two-time Secretary of the Navy
Tom Phoebus (1960) - professional baseball player during the 1960s and 1970s
Emory Elliott (1960) - Professor of American literature and advocate for expanding the literary canon to include a more diverse range of voices.
Kurt Seibert (1974) - professional baseball player, second baseman for the Chicago Cubs
James A. Watson (1974) - Rear Admiral James Watson, United States Coast Guard, Atlantic Area Command
Larry Collmus (1984) - Triple Crown races caller for NBC Sports
Jim Schwartz (1984) - Senior Defensive Assistant for the Tennessee Titans. Former Head Coach of the Detroit Lions (2009-2013). Won the 2018 Super Bowl as the defensive coordinator of the Philadelphia Eagles
Mark Teixeira (1998) - Major League 1B, 2003-2016 for Texas Rangers and New York Yankees
Tommy Hannan (1998) - Olympic Gold Medalist (2000 Summer Olympics)
Torrey Butler (1998) - professional basketball player
Michael O'Connor (1998) - Professional Athlete, former Pitcher for the Washington Nationals
Stephen Berger (2000) - Professional Athlete, Lacrosse
Rob Abiamiri (2000) - Professional Athlete, tight end
Gavin Floyd (2001) - Professional Athlete, former Pitcher for several MLB teams, including the Chicago White Sox
Will Thomas (2004) - Helped lead George Mason Patriots basketball team to the Final Four
Brendan Mundorf (2002) - Professional Lacrosse player and 2012 Major League Lacrosse MVP
Steve Clevenger (2004) - Professional Athlete, former catcher for the Chicago Cubs, Baltimore Orioles, and Seattle Mariners
Henry Sims (2008) – Professional Athlete, former basketball center who played for Georgetown University before playing for several NBA teams, including the Philadelphia 76ers.
Kyle Fuller (2010) - Professional football player, cornerback for the Baltimore Ravens
Jalen Robinson (2012) - Professional Soccer Player for Loudoun United
Phil Booth (2014)- Professional Basketball Guard. Won 2 NCAA championships for the Villanova Wildcats. Currently plays for KK Budućnost
Jaylen Adams (2014) - Professional Basketball Guard for Crvena zvezda. Won 2022 MVP of the National Basketball League (Australia) as a member of the Sydney Kings
Peter Solomon (baseball) (2014) - Major League Baseball pitcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates.
Jalen Smith (2018) - Professional Basketball Center for the Indiana Pacers
See also
National Catholic Educational Association
References
External links
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore
Irvington, Baltimore
Schools sponsored by the Xaverian Brothers
Catholic secondary schools in Maryland
Educational institutions established in 1876
Private schools in Baltimore
Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools
Boys' schools in Maryland
1876 establishments in Maryland
Catholic schools in Maryland |
The Mother of All Battles Medal (, Wisam 'Um Al-M’aarik) is a medal awarded by Iraq to its military personnel who served in the Persian Gulf War.
See also
Southwest Asia Service Medal, U.S. equivalent
References
Gulf War memorials
Orders, decorations, and medals of Iraq |
William Boswell may refer to:
William Boswell (died 1650), English politician
William Boswell (cricketer) (1892–1916), English cricketer |
Morgenleithe is a mountain of Saxony, southeastern Germany.
Mountains of Saxony
Mountains of the Ore Mountains |
```xml
/**
* @vitest-environment jsdom
*/
import { expect, it, describe } from 'vitest';
import React from 'react';
import isValidElement from '../src/is-valid-element';
describe('isValidElement', () => {
it('basic', () => {
function App() {
return (<div>
<div>isValidElement</div>
</div>);
}
expect(isValidElement(<App />)).toBe(true);
expect(isValidElement({})).toBe(false);
expect(isValidElement('')).toBe(false);
expect(isValidElement(1)).toBe(false);
expect(isValidElement(() => { })).toBe(false);
});
});
``` |
Mystery and Imagination is a British television anthology series of classic horror and supernatural dramas. Five series were broadcast from 1966 to 1970 by the ITV network and produced by ABC and (later) Thames Television.
Outline
The series featured television plays based on the works of well-known authors such as Robert Louis Stevenson, Bram Stoker, Mary Shelley, M. R. James, and Edgar Allan Poe. All bar one of the first two ABC series starred David Buck as Richard Beckett, originally a character from Sheridan Le Fanu's story "The Flying Dragon", as narrator. Beckett was made the central character of the series, taking the roles of various characters from some of the original stories. The first two series, although transmitted as two separate runs, were recorded in a single production block. The episode without Buck as the lead ("The Open Door") features Jack Hawkins. Unlike BBC dramas from the period, location exterior shots were also recorded onto video tape rather than 16mm film, giving a more consistent look to the production. Only series 5 was filmed in colour.
Episodes
Series 1
Series 2
Series 3
Series 4
Series 5
Archive status and availability
Of the episodes from the ABC era, only the versions of "The Fall of the House of Usher" and "The Open Door" (series 1) have survived. All the other episodes from the first three series are not known to exist, although the Thames episodes (series 4 and 5) survive. A brief clip from "Casting the Runes" (from series 3) also exists. Domestic audio recordings of the otherwise missing episodes "The Lost Stradivarius", "The Body Snatcher", "The Tractate Middoth", "Lost Hearts", "The Canterville Ghost" and "Room 13" also exist. These recordings have been uploaded to YouTube.
Network has released all eight remaining episodes on a four disc DVD set along with the surviving clip of "Casting the Runes".
References
Wheatley, Helen. Gothic Television (Manchester University Press 2006) p36 ff.
External links
Haunted TV.
1966 British television series debuts
1970 British television series endings
1960s British drama television series
1970s British drama television series
1960s British anthology television series
1970s British anthology television series
British supernatural television shows
British horror fiction television series
ITV television dramas
Television shows produced by ABC Weekend TV
Television shows produced by Thames Television
Television shows shot at Teddington Studios
English-language television shows
British fantasy drama television series |
State Road 970 (SR 970), also known as the Downtown Distributor, is a short elevated freeway connecting Interstate 95 and Biscayne Boulevard in Downtown Miami. As of June 20, 2014, the entirety of the road cosigns with US 1/SR 5.
Route description
The expressway is two lanes wide in each direction, and had an annual average daily traffic volume of 34,000 according to a 2007 report, with an estimated volume of 37,500 in 2015.
In addition to the entrance and exit at US 1, SR 970 also has entrance and exit ramps at Miami Avenue, three blocks to the west. Eastbound drivers also can exit to SE 1st Avenue near the James L. Knight Center and the Miami Tower.
This route is mostly unsigned. On the Interstate, there is no recognition of the State Road status of the Downtown Distributor, as exit signs in both directions indicate "Biscayne Boulevard, US 1". On the Distributor, both at the eastern end and roughly from the Interstate, State Road 970 shields are present, but without directional indicators.
History
The Downtown Distributor opened simultaneously with the adjacent stretch of I-95 in 1968.
The freeway was to be the start of the Bayshore Loop around Downtown Miami in 1956, running along what is now U.S. Highway 1 and Interstate 395.
Exit list
References
External links
970
970
970
Transport infrastructure completed in 1968
State highways in the United States shorter than one mile
Freeways in the United States |
The Unnamables is the only album recorded by Magma under the alias Univeria Zekt. Released in 1972, the album shows a more accessible jazz fusion sound, in an attempt to reach a broader audience, compared to the harsher, less accessible sounds of Magma's self-titled debut album.
Recording
The Unnamables was designed to ease listeners into the musical world of Magma. Recorded by essentially the same line-up as on 1001° Centigrades (1971), the album basically repeats the stylistic development shown through Magma's first two albums, while abandoning the science fiction concept of the Kobaïan story.
Three tracks from Lasry and one from Cahen on the first half of the album approximate the accessibility of the better-known jazz-rock of the time. Vander's pieces on the second half of the album, however, begin to explore similar musical ground to that found on 1001° Centigrades. Two of Vander's pieces can also be found on the 1970 soundtrack to 24 heures seulement and are available on the Archiw I CD in the Studio Zünd 12 disc box collection. The Unnamables was originally released on the record label Thélème, and reissued on Cryonic in 1986 and on Musea Records in 1993.
Track listing
Side One
"You Speak and Speak and Colegram" - 2:10 (Lasry)
"Altcheringa" - 3:27 (Cahen, Zabu)
"Clementine" - 3:00 (Lasry)
"Something's Cast a Spell" - 4:16 (Lasry, Ledissez)
Side Two
"Ourania" - 4:23 (Vander)
"Africa Anteria" - 11:30 (Vander)
"Undia" - 4:47 (Vander)
Personnel
Lucien "Zabu" Zabuski – vocals (2)
Lionel Ledissez – vocals (4)
Klaus Blasquiz – vocals (4, 7), percussion
Teddy Lasry – saxophones, flute, organ
Jeff Seffer – saxophones
Tito Puentes – trumpet
Francois Cahen – pianos
Claude Engel – electric and acoustic guitars
Francis Moze – bass guitar, organ
Christian Vander – drums, percussion, voice (6)
References
External links
The Unnamables at www.progarchives.com
The Unnamables at Discogs
The Unnamables at AllMusic
1972 albums
Jazz fusion albums by French artists
Magma (band) albums |
The Lordonbahn was a long narrow-gauge railway network with a gauge of from Weiler (Villé) to Chaume de Lusse in the Vosges in France. It was laid and used in World War I to pass a height difference of more than .
History
The light railway was built in early 1915 by German pioneers and Russian prisoners of war.
Name
The Lordonbahn was named after the village of L'Ordon, which is northeast of the Chaume de Lusse. Locals called the light railway Tacot Allemand.
Route
The Lordonbahn light railway network consisted of a long main line from Villé to Chaume de Lusse and three branches from Col d'Urbeis to Lubine, from Wegspinne to Trois Maisons and from Gare du Lusshoff-les-Yraux to the hamlet of La Pouxe.
The route with a gauge of 600 mm ran along the Val de Villé in Alsace to the high Col de Urbeis, where it crossed the border to France. Behind the border a branch branched off to the west to Lubine. At Wegspinne (German for track spider) station, another branch line branched off to the east to Trois Maisons from the main line leading south to Lusshof station (Chaume de Lusse). The Lusshof was above today's Tunnel Maurice-Lemaire at a station of the Eberhardt aerial tramway to Klein Rumbach (Petit Rombach). From Lusshof, a branch line led around an high mountain peak to the Terminale station at La Pouxe near Wisembach with another branch to the top station of a cable car at Les Yraux Fermes.
Operation
On 31 December 1917 five military steam locomotives, eight benzene locomotives and 97 wagons were in use on the Lordonbahn, which were operated and maintained by 193 men. 77 of them belonged to the 24th Bavarian Brigade and 87 were soldiers from other military units. They were supported by 19 civilians and 10 prisoners of war from Russia and Romania. Every day, an average of 160 tons of weapons, ammunition and supplies were transported on 6 round trips with 32 wagons, as well as wounded soldiers in the opposite direction. In addition, a brand-new Borsig steam locomotive with five coupled wheel sets drove on the route (Borsig, 0-10-0, N° 10235/1917).
References
External links
A reminder of the travels on railways that were built or operated by Kodeis B (commander of the railway troops) in the period from 28 May to 3 June 1918, Goswin von Haag, Captain & Commander of the Railway Troops
600 mm gauge railways in France
Railway lines opened in 1917
Railway lines closed in 1918
Railway lines in Grand Est |
```go
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
/*
Package mux implements a request router and dispatcher.
The name mux stands for "HTTP request multiplexer". Like the standard
http.ServeMux, mux.Router matches incoming requests against a list of
registered routes and calls a handler for the route that matches the URL
or other conditions. The main features are:
* Requests can be matched based on URL host, path, path prefix, schemes,
header and query values, HTTP methods or using custom matchers.
* URL hosts and paths can have variables with an optional regular
expression.
* Registered URLs can be built, or "reversed", which helps maintaining
references to resources.
* Routes can be used as subrouters: nested routes are only tested if the
parent route matches. This is useful to define groups of routes that
share common conditions like a host, a path prefix or other repeated
attributes. As a bonus, this optimizes request matching.
* It implements the http.Handler interface so it is compatible with the
standard http.ServeMux.
Let's start registering a couple of URL paths and handlers:
func main() {
r := mux.NewRouter()
r.HandleFunc("/", HomeHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/products", ProductsHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/articles", ArticlesHandler)
http.Handle("/", r)
}
Here we register three routes mapping URL paths to handlers. This is
equivalent to how http.HandleFunc() works: if an incoming request URL matches
one of the paths, the corresponding handler is called passing
(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) as parameters.
Paths can have variables. They are defined using the format {name} or
{name:pattern}. If a regular expression pattern is not defined, the matched
variable will be anything until the next slash. For example:
r := mux.NewRouter()
r.HandleFunc("/products/{key}", ProductHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/", ArticlesCategoryHandler)
r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}", ArticleHandler)
Groups can be used inside patterns, as long as they are non-capturing (?:re). For example:
r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{sort:(?:asc|desc|new)}", ArticlesCategoryHandler)
The names are used to create a map of route variables which can be retrieved
calling mux.Vars():
vars := mux.Vars(request)
category := vars["category"]
And this is all you need to know about the basic usage. More advanced options
are explained below.
Routes can also be restricted to a domain or subdomain. Just define a host
pattern to be matched. They can also have variables:
r := mux.NewRouter()
// Only matches if domain is "www.example.com".
r.Host("www.example.com")
// Matches a dynamic subdomain.
r.Host("{subdomain:[a-z]+}.domain.com")
There are several other matchers that can be added. To match path prefixes:
r.PathPrefix("/products/")
...or HTTP methods:
r.Methods("GET", "POST")
...or URL schemes:
r.Schemes("https")
...or header values:
r.Headers("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
...or query values:
r.Queries("key", "value")
...or to use a custom matcher function:
r.MatcherFunc(func(r *http.Request, rm *RouteMatch) bool {
return r.ProtoMajor == 0
})
...and finally, it is possible to combine several matchers in a single route:
r.HandleFunc("/products", ProductsHandler).
Host("www.example.com").
Methods("GET").
Schemes("http")
Setting the same matching conditions again and again can be boring, so we have
a way to group several routes that share the same requirements.
We call it "subrouting".
For example, let's say we have several URLs that should only match when the
host is "www.example.com". Create a route for that host and get a "subrouter"
from it:
r := mux.NewRouter()
s := r.Host("www.example.com").Subrouter()
Then register routes in the subrouter:
s.HandleFunc("/products/", ProductsHandler)
s.HandleFunc("/products/{key}", ProductHandler)
s.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}"), ArticleHandler)
The three URL paths we registered above will only be tested if the domain is
"www.example.com", because the subrouter is tested first. This is not
only convenient, but also optimizes request matching. You can create
subrouters combining any attribute matchers accepted by a route.
Subrouters can be used to create domain or path "namespaces": you define
subrouters in a central place and then parts of the app can register its
paths relatively to a given subrouter.
There's one more thing about subroutes. When a subrouter has a path prefix,
the inner routes use it as base for their paths:
r := mux.NewRouter()
s := r.PathPrefix("/products").Subrouter()
// "/products/"
s.HandleFunc("/", ProductsHandler)
// "/products/{key}/"
s.HandleFunc("/{key}/", ProductHandler)
// "/products/{key}/details"
s.HandleFunc("/{key}/details", ProductDetailsHandler)
Note that the path provided to PathPrefix() represents a "wildcard": calling
PathPrefix("/static/").Handler(...) means that the handler will be passed any
request that matches "/static/*". This makes it easy to serve static files with mux:
func main() {
var dir string
flag.StringVar(&dir, "dir", ".", "the directory to serve files from. Defaults to the current dir")
flag.Parse()
r := mux.NewRouter()
// This will serve files under path_to_url
r.PathPrefix("/static/").Handler(http.StripPrefix("/static/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(dir))))
srv := &http.Server{
Handler: r,
Addr: "127.0.0.1:8000",
// Good practice: enforce timeouts for servers you create!
WriteTimeout: 15 * time.Second,
ReadTimeout: 15 * time.Second,
}
log.Fatal(srv.ListenAndServe())
}
Now let's see how to build registered URLs.
Routes can be named. All routes that define a name can have their URLs built,
or "reversed". We define a name calling Name() on a route. For example:
r := mux.NewRouter()
r.HandleFunc("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}", ArticleHandler).
Name("article")
To build a URL, get the route and call the URL() method, passing a sequence of
key/value pairs for the route variables. For the previous route, we would do:
url, err := r.Get("article").URL("category", "technology", "id", "42")
...and the result will be a url.URL with the following path:
"/articles/technology/42"
This also works for host variables:
r := mux.NewRouter()
r.Host("{subdomain}.domain.com").
Path("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}").
HandlerFunc(ArticleHandler).
Name("article")
// url.String() will be "path_to_url"
url, err := r.Get("article").URL("subdomain", "news",
"category", "technology",
"id", "42")
All variables defined in the route are required, and their values must
conform to the corresponding patterns. These requirements guarantee that a
generated URL will always match a registered route -- the only exception is
for explicitly defined "build-only" routes which never match.
Regex support also exists for matching Headers within a route. For example, we could do:
r.HeadersRegexp("Content-Type", "application/(text|json)")
...and the route will match both requests with a Content-Type of `application/json` as well as
`application/text`
There's also a way to build only the URL host or path for a route:
use the methods URLHost() or URLPath() instead. For the previous route,
we would do:
// "path_to_url"
host, err := r.Get("article").URLHost("subdomain", "news")
// "/articles/technology/42"
path, err := r.Get("article").URLPath("category", "technology", "id", "42")
And if you use subrouters, host and path defined separately can be built
as well:
r := mux.NewRouter()
s := r.Host("{subdomain}.domain.com").Subrouter()
s.Path("/articles/{category}/{id:[0-9]+}").
HandlerFunc(ArticleHandler).
Name("article")
// "path_to_url"
url, err := r.Get("article").URL("subdomain", "news",
"category", "technology",
"id", "42")
*/
package mux
``` |
Virginia's 97th House of Delegates district elects one of the 100 members of the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. The district is made up of New Kent County and parts of Hanover County and King William County on the Middle Peninsula of Virginia.
The 97th district has been represented by Republican Scott Wyatt since 2020.
List of delegates
References
External links
Virginia House of Delegates districts
New Kent County, Virginia
Hanover County, Virginia
King William County, Virginia |
Stars of the Lid was an American ambient music duo that formerly consisted of Brian McBride and Adam Wiltzie. The duo formed in Austin, Texas, in 1993. They have been acclaimed for their music incorporating droning, effects-treated guitars along with piano, strings, and horns, described as "divine, classical drone without the tedious intrusion of drums or vocals."
History
Brian McBride and Adam Wiltzie formed Stars of the Lid in 1993 in Austin, Texas. McBride said in an interview that the band's name refers to "your own personal cinema, located between your eye and eyelid", suggesting the colors and patterns one can see with closed eyes (either phosphenes or closed-eye hallucinations). They listed among their influences minimalist and electronic composers such as Arvo Pärt, Zbigniew Preisner, Gavin Bryars, Henryk Górecki and Brian Eno, as well as post-rock artists Talk Talk and Labradford. They recorded their debut album Music for Nitrous Oxide throughout 1993 and 1994 with third musician Kirk Laktas, and released the album in 1995 on the Sedimental label. Laktas did not continue with the group, and the duo of McBride and Wiltzie steadily continued with Gravitational Pull vs. the Desire for an Aquatic Life in 1996, The Ballasted Orchestra in 1997, Per Aspera Ad Astra in 1998, and Avec Laudenum in 1999, as well as the limited edition EP Maneuvering the Nocturnal Hum and a split single with Windsor for the Derby, both in 1998.
Stars of the Lid then released their first double album, The Tired Sounds of Stars of the Lid, in late October 2001. Nearly six years later, the duo released their second double album, And Their Refinement of the Decline, in April 2007 to widespread critical acclaim. In December 2007, American webzine Somewhere Cold voted Stars of the Lid Artist of the Year on their 2007 Somewhere Cold Awards Hall of Fame.
Stars of the Lid toured worldwide throughout 2007 and 2008 in support of the album; throughout their European tour, they were joined live by a string trio featuring Lucinda Chua of Felix on cello, Noura Sanatian on violin, and Ela Baruch on viola. Their North American line-up included Julia Kent on cello. The band would very occasionally play shows around the world from 2009 to 2017, usually as part of a one-off event.
The duo was active pursuing side-projects and solo releases after And Their Refinement of the Decline. A teaser trailer for a possible Stars of the Lid feature film surfaced on the internet in 2008, but the group did not release any new material.
McBride died in August 2023. A subsequent interview with Wiltzie by The Guardian confirmed that McBride's death "effectively ends the project." According to Wiltzie, sessions were done throughout the 2010s with a “list of what was supposed to be the next release” apparently recorded. Wiltzie plans on eventually releasing an album's worth of their recordings, stating, “I can’t yet put my arms around the memory of Brian, but someday I am going to try to do this for everyone, so at least the end is documented.”
Solo and side-projects
Brian McBride and Adam Wiltzie have both released material outside of Stars of the Lid. McBride released his first solo album When the Detail Lost Its Freedom in November 2005, then released The Effective Disconnect in October 2010, which serves as a soundtrack to the documentary Vanishing of the Bees, a film about colony collapse disorder. McBride teamed up with musician Kenneth James Gibson and began recording and releasing new music under the name Bell Gardens; their debut EP Hangups Need Company was released in May 2010, their first full-length album Full Sundown Assembly followed in November 2012, and their second album Slow Dawns for Lost Conclusions was released in October 2014 via Rocket Girl.
Wiltzie has been involved in several collaborative projects: The Dead Texan (with visual artist Christina Vantzou), Aix Em Klemm (with Robert Donne from Labradford), and A Winged Victory for the Sullen (with composer Dustin O'Halloran). Wiltzie currently lives in Brussels, Belgium, and McBride in Los Angeles, California until his passing.
Discography
Albums
1995: Music for Nitrous Oxide
1996: Gravitational Pull vs. the Desire for an Aquatic Life
1997: The Ballasted Orchestra
1998: Per Aspera Ad Astra
1999: Avec Laudenum
2001: The Tired Sounds of Stars of the Lid
2007: And Their Refinement of the Decline
Others:
1998: Maneuvering the Nocturnal Hum (EP)
2007: Carte-de-Visite (1997–2007 outtakes)
Split releases
1997: The Kahanek Incident, Vol. 3 (12" with Labradford) (Trance Syndicate) – SOTL track reissued on 2007's Carte-de-Visite
1998: Split (7" with Windsor for the Derby) (33 Degrees)
Compilation appearances
1996: Monsters, Robots and Bug Men – "Goodnight" (Virgin)
2002: Brain in the Wire – "Requiem for Dying Mothers (Version i, Zamachowski op. 87)" (Brainwashed)
2003: 1993–2003: 1st Decade in the Machines – "I Love You, But I Prefer Trondheim" (Jester)
2004: Kompilation – "Even If You're Never Awake (Version)" (Kranky)
2008: Brainwaves 2008 – "May 2nd 2008 (Live in NYC)" (Brainwashed)
References
External links
at Brainwashed
Stars of the Lid at MySpace
Stars of the Lid at Kranky (biography, discography)
(biography, discography)
Stars of the Lid at Epitonic Records (tracks, brief biography)
Stars of the Lid at Vimeo (teaser for an upcoming SOTL feature film)
American ambient music groups
Musical groups from Austin, Texas
Musical groups established in 1993
Trance Syndicate artists
Drone music groups
Electronic music groups from Texas |
The pale toadfish (Ambophthalmos angustus, previously classified as Neophrynichthys angustus) is a fathead sculpin of the family Psychrolutidae, found on the continental shelf around New Zealand, between 250 and 1,000 metres deep. It is up to 30 cm long.
References
Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand, (William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1982)
Pale toadfish
Endemic marine fish of New Zealand
Fish described in 1977 |
Named after its regional range, the Levantine Bronze Age (or Bronze of Levant, or Valencian Bronze) refers to a culture extended over the actual territory of the Valencian Community, in the "Levante" or eastern side of the Iberian peninsula. Its chronological range was between 2200 BC and 1500 BC.
It is considered an autonomous culture in relation to the Argaric culture by Miquel Tarradell in the sixties. The main aspects that allow the distinction of the Valencian Bronze from that of El Argar are the scarcity of metallic objects, the lack of carinated cups and ceramics, and the lack of the rite involving the inhumation of the deceased under its home floor.
The economy was involved mainly in agriculture and herding. The metallurgy was much more developed in the southern part by the influence of the near Argaric culture.
Oppida were defended by natural elements, tenches, walls and towers. The houses were rectangular and the walls had stone basements.
Caves were used as funerary places.
Genetic profile
Individuals from diverse archaeological sites were tested, a male from the barrow or collective burial mound known as Túmulo Mortòrum (Cabanes) had Y-chromosome R1b-P310, and a male inhumated in a cave near Lloma de Betxí had subclade R1b-Z195. Other individuals were tested from Cueva del Puntal de los Carniceros (Villena), Coveta del Frare (La Font de la Figuera), La Horna (Aspe) and Cabezo Redondo (Villena), belonging also to haplogroup R1b, but it is difficult to relate them to a given culture as the Vinalopó valley stands amid the Argaric culture, the Valencia Bronze Age and Motillas (or Manchego Bronze) areas.
Gallery
See also
Atlantic Bronze Age
Las Cogotas
Motillas
Argaric culture
Pyrenean Bronze
Lloma de Betxí
Muntanya Assolada
Les Raboses
References
History of the Valencian Community
Bronze Age cultures of Europe
Archaeological cultures in Spain
22nd-century BC establishments
2nd-millennium BC disestablishments |
Dosmoche is a Buddhist festival celebrated in Ladakh, India. It is celebrated in Leh, Likir and Diskit monasteries. It is the last festival of New Year Celebrations, the other one is Losar. The two-day Dosmoche festival is a gazetted holiday for Leh district and Zanskar Sub Division. Dosmoche is also known as the "Festival of Scapegoat" and is one of Ladakh's most popular prayer festivals. This festival is also celebrated to purify the town from evil spirits.
History
Dosmoche was started by the rulers of Ladakh. The festival was started during kingdom of King Lhachen Gongdup/ Lha-chen-Dnos-grub (1295–1320). He fought two battles with invaders from Nyungti (Kullu of Himachal Pradesh) to inhibit the exterminatory forces of the battles. Sacred mask dances, known as Cham dance, are carried out in the courtyard of the old chapel, below the gates of the Leh Palace. Lamas are drawn from different monasteries from across Ladakh on a rotation basis for this festival.
Celebrations
High pitched sound of gyaling with the periodic sound of the cymbals echoed off the bare rocky slopes with the rhythmic beats of the drum. Monks look attractive in multicoloured robes and various masks, representing various forms of deities including Buddha. They danced to the beats with colorful fluttering surge to ward off evil and welcome universal peace and happiness. Mask dances are an essential part of Tantric tradition of Mahayana Buddhism.
At a one-kilometre stretch from Moti-Market to the other end of Leh Bazaar, thousands of stalls are also famous for a two-day long festival. Thousands of people in colourful dresses converge at Leh bazaar for games like tambola, lotteries and shopping.
Schedule
Since Ladakh follows the Tibetan lunar calendar and Dosmoche festival comes on the twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth day of the twelfth month of the Tibetan calendar, every year the festival falls on a different date of the Gregorian calendar.
Gallery
References
Buddhist holidays
February observances
Culture of Ladakh
Observances set by the Tibetan calendar
Public holidays in India
Buddhist festivals in India
New Year celebrations
Tibetan Buddhist festivals
Festivals of Ladakh |
Hideaki Motoyama (25 July 1969 – 29 July 2009) was a Japanese badminton player. He competed in the men's singles tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
References
1969 births
2009 deaths
Japanese male badminton players
Olympic badminton players for Japan
Badminton players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing |
Dentiovula oryza is a species of sea snail in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.
References
Ovulidae
Gastropods described in 2005 |
Stepan Samoilovich Krichinsky (January 20, 1874 — August 9, 1923) was a Russian architect of the eclectic and modern era.
Biography
Krichinsky was born and raised in the family of Major General Selim (Samoil) Krichinsky, a representative of Polish-Lithuanian Tatars. Krichinsky received secondary education at a real school in Vilnius. In 1897, he graduated from the . Since 1900, he worked as the chief architect in the Russian Border Guard Department.
Krichinsky got acquainted with the architecture of Italy, Germany, France, Sweden and Finland. He studied monuments of Russian architecture in the north and central Russian provinces. He investigated the issues of resort construction on the Kuban and the Black Sea coast in 1916–1917. Krichinsky built 24 buildings in various cities. He took part in the construction of some large buildings in Saint Petersburg.
From 1918 to 1920 he was a professor of architecture at the Kuban Polytechnic Institute, and from 1921 at the Institute of Civil Engineers in Petrograd. Since 1922 he was the head of the Architectural and Construction Department in Petrograd.
He was married to the daughter of Gleb Uspensky — Maria Glebovna. Her brother, Alexander Uspensky, was also a prominent architect. Stepan and Maria Krichinsky had three children: two sons, Gleb (born 1904) and Boris (born 1905), and a daughter Irina. In 1925—1926 Boris Krichinsky compiled a list of his father's works.
Stepan Krichinsky died in 1923 and was buried in Volkovo Cemetery in Saint Petersburg.
List of works
The building of the equestrian yard on the estate of A. E. Vorontsova-Dashkova (St. Petersburg, Shuvalovsky Park), 1906
The building of the Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, 1908
The main building of the Brigade of the Separate Border Guard Corps, with the house church in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker (St. Petersburg, Krasnogo Kursanta Street, 34), 1913—1914
The building of the retail store for the officers of the garrison guard (St. Petersburg, Bolshaya Konyushennaya Street, 21/23), 1908—1910s, participation under the general overseeing of E. F. Virrikh
Saint Petersburg Mosque (St. Petersburg, Kronverksky Prospekt, 7), 1910, designed by N.V. Vasilyev with the participation of Alexander von Hohen
Complex of the Feodorovskaya Icon Cathedral in Commemoration of the Romanov Tercentenary (St. Petersburg, Poltavskaya Street), 1911—1914
Mansion of the artist P. E. Shcherbov (Gatchina, Chekhov Street, 4a), 1910—1911
Palace of E. A. Vorontsova-Dashkova (St. Petersburg, Shuvalovsky Park), 1912—1915
The House of the Emir of Bukhara (St. Petersburg, Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt, 44-b), 1913
"Fedorovsky Gorodok" in Tsarskoye Selo (Pushkin, Academic Prospect, 14‑30), 1913—1917, in collaboration with V. A. Pokrovsky
People's House and Theater of the Nevsky Society for the Organization of People's Sobriety (St. Petersburg, Shlisselburgsky Tract)
St. Nicholas of Bari Church of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society (St. Petersburg, intersection of Kalashnikovsky Prospect (now Bakunin Prospect) and Mytninskaya Street), 1913—1915, demolihed in 1932
The building of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society (St. Petersburg, Mytninskaya Street, 10/47-49), 1916
A number of buildings complementing the complex of the City children's hospital (since the 1920s — the Institute of Maternity and Infancy, now the Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (corner of Bolshoy Sampsonievsky Prospekt and Litovskaya Street), 1916
Restoration and reconstruction of the buildings of the German embassy, the Buddhist temple, the building of the former Swedish embassy, 1922
Apartment building (St. Petersburg, Barmaleeva Street, 26), 1912
Suite building and other buildings of the Olgino estate (Ramon), 1906
Literature
Архитекторы-строители Петербурга-Петрограда начала XX века. Каталог выставки. // Л., 1982; АХЕ. 1916. С. 162
Степан Самойлович Кричинский. Некролог // Зодчий, 1924, N 1, С.4-5
Горюнов В. С., Тубли М. П. Архитектура эпохи модерна. // СПб., 1994. С. 339; Строитель. 1897. Стлб. 720.
«ЖЗ», Архитектор Кричинский, Петр Новиков
Кричинский, Степан Самойлович в Справочнике Научных Обществ России
Кричинский, Степан Самойлович // Энциклопедия Санкт Петербурга
References
1874 births
1923 deaths
Architects from the Russian Empire
Polish people of Lipka Tatar descent
People from Oshmyansky Uyezd
Architects from Saint Petersburg
20th-century architects |
The Baltimore Lead Paint Study was a controversial clinical study conducted by the Johns Hopkins Kennedy Krieger Institute (KKI) in poor Baltimorean neighborhoods during the 1990s. Families with young children were deliberately exposed to lead by being housed with their families in apartments where lead paint had not been completely removed. Researchers hoped to show that less stringent lead abatement techniques that would cost landlords less money would pose minimal health risks to children. The study was criticised for targeting poor African American children, for exposing children to a known health risk and for inadequate participant consent. The backlash culminated in class action lawsuits against KKI by Ericka Grimes and Myron Higgins, two of the subjects representing on the order of a hundred affected children without adequate care.
Background
Despite knowledge of lead's toxicity, there is a long history of using lead in paint due to its role in maintaining a paint's color and increasing durability. In 1951, Baltimore was the first city to ban the use of lead paint in new housing, starting a move towards abating the amount of lead use in homes. Twenty-seven years later, in 1978 the Consumer Product Safety Commission laid down a nationwide ban of lead-based paint for residential use in the United States.
The Kennedy Krieger Institute is a branch of Johns Hopkins that provides medical care, rehabilitation, and research, especially emphasizing research geared towards children with learning and physical disabilities arising from neurodegenerative disorders. Lead's effects on the nervous system manifests into reduced cognitive ability, especially in children. Once lead paint was made illegal, many properties that were painted with lead still remained, especially in Baltimore, eventually leaving the painted walls that were not properly remodeled to decay and thus allow lead to be released as chips or dust, increasing risk of ingestion for future renovators and inhabitants. Thus it became of interest to study how residential properties with lead could be removed, and inevitably how to abate lead without incurring high expenses for removal.
The study was funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Study description
To investigate how well various techniques in abating lead content reduced the prevalence of lead poisoning in low income neighborhoods, KKI sought to treat properties with these different methods and observe how much lead accumulated in young children when living in these properties. In total, several housing properties were categorized into five levels of abatement. Starting in 1993, KKI helped landlords abate apartments partially or with less expensive techniques graded by these levels. In total, 107 properties were categorized into five groups by degree of repair made to the property. KKI also actively found new families to live in these apartments, bringing the total number of children evaluated to 140, and even offered incentives for doing so. To quantify the effectiveness of each level of abatement, the researchers measured lead content of homes and took periodic blood tests over a two-year period. If the repairs were effective, the lead concentration in properties with higher degrees of abatement or built without lead would be less than properties with less repair and the lead content in young children would not increase as much or at all. Follow up measurements were to be made every couple of years after to track how the lead concentration changed in children.
Aftermath
After the study ended, many poor, African-American children ended up with neurological disabilities as a result, often incurring permanent nervous damage. Therefore, the study was not beneficial for the children themselves in terms of their health. In addition to having to cope with the impacted health of their children, parents also felt deceived by KKI team by being shown housing without full details behind the lead treatment quality of the properties they stayed in. Thus, criticism was made that both the children and parents were exploited by the study. Comparisons were made to the infamous Tuskegee Syphilis Study due to the similar affected demographic groups, in terms of race and class, lack of clear and explicit consent to participate in each study, lack of adequate care provided during each study, and the long-term, devastating impact of the study's condition on the subject's quality of life. Parallels between arguments on the implications and benefits of the research for each study followed suit, strengthening the idea that among other social and economic fronts, minorities also faced discrimination in the context of medicine.
KKI saw extensive repercussions over the study. A class action lawsuit for deliberate exposure and negligence was filed against KKI in 2001. The Johns Hopkins Internal Review Board was criticized for allowing the study to proceed in spite of federal regulations on using children as patients in studies. The defense argued that the study did not actually put the subjects at risk since the administrators of study only reduced lead content and collected blood rather than explicitly inducing lead poisoning in children and that the parents ultimately still had the choice to live elsewhere.
The study supposedly had some merit, mainly regarding the takeaways that could be made based on the results. The results brought the benefit of understanding that lead paint quality/condition was more harmful than concentration of lead in paint due to increased likelihood of ingesting paint or dust from decaying paint. The growing criticism raised the concern that if zero risk was required in public health research then many problems could not be rigorously addressed, leaving the public collectively at risk. It was argued by the defense that the target population itself would still have a higher chance of exposure to lead poisoning regardless whether the study was implemented or not. Therefore, any of the techniques that proved effective and low cost would benefit more of the population in the long run. Thus, risk exposure guidelines could be revised as a sort of compromise. The idea of minimal risk to the patient was revisited and questioned to what extent a study's procedure incurred risk, leading to changes in guidelines on how studies are conducted such as the degree of parental knowledge of study and more attention on current guidelines to avoid oversight of what minimal risk is acceptable.
Ruha Benjamin has argued that calling the study the "Baltimore Lead Paint Study" deflects responsibility from Johns Hopkins University and the Kennedy Krieger Institute. She specifically criticises the Wikipedia page using this name rather than calling the study the "KKI’s Lead-Based Paint Abatement and Repair and Maintenance Study".
See also
Lead abatement in the United States
References
Clinical trials
Health disasters in the United States
Human subject research in the United States
African-American history in Baltimore |
The 1937 Tschammerpokal Final decided the winner of the 1937 Tschammerpokal, the 3rd season of Germany's knockout football cup competition. It was played on 9 January 1938 at the Müngersdorfer Stadion in Cologne. Schalke 04 won the match 2–1 against Fortuna Düsseldorf, to claim their 1st cup title.
With their win, Schalke completed the first double in the history of German football, having previously won the 1937 German football championship with a 2–0 win over 1. FC Nürnberg in the final.
Route to the final
The Tschammerpokal began the final stage with 61 teams in a single-elimination knockout cup competition. There were a total of five rounds leading up to the final. Teams were drawn against each other, and the winner after 90 minutes would advance. If still tied, 30 minutes of extra time was played. If the score was still level, a replay would take place at the original away team's stadium. If still level after 90 minutes, 30 minutes of extra time was played. If the score was still level, a second replay would take place at the original home team's stadium. If still level after 90 minutes, 30 minutes of extra time was played. If the score was still level, a drawing of lots would decide who would advance to the next round.
Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first (H: home; A: away).
Match
Details
References
External links
Match report at kicker.de
Match report at WorldFootball.net
Match report at Fussballdaten.de
FC Schalke 04 matches
Fortuna Düsseldorf matches
Tschammerpokal Final
1937
Sports competitions in Cologne
20th century in Cologne
January 1938 sports events |
The Chinkees Are Coming (also known as ...Are Coming) is the first studio album by the all-Asian ska punk band the Chinkees. Released in 1998 on Asian Man Records, it was the first of three studio albums by the band. Some of the album's proceeds went to anti-racist organizations.
Critical reception
AllMusic wrote that "the message of harmony makes The Chinkees Are Coming! a pleasing listen for 2-Tone fans who miss ska's more political aspects in the late-'90s third wave revival."
Track listing
All tracks written by Mike Park, except where noted.
References
1998 albums
Third wave ska albums
The Chinkees albums
Asian Man Records albums |
María del Rosario Fernández (1755–1803), was a Spanish stage actress. She is regarded as one of the most notable stage actors of Spain during her period, and was known as La Tirana.
Notes
1755 births
1803 deaths
18th-century Spanish actresses
Spanish stage actresses |
Crystal Dynamics, Inc. is an American video game developer based in San Mateo, California. The studio is best known for its games in the Gex, Legacy of Kain, and Tomb Raider series.
Madeline Canepa, Judy Lange, and Dave Morse founded Crystal Dynamics in July 1992 as a spin-off of The 3DO Company and soon hired Strauss Zelnick as its president and chief executive officer (CEO). The studio initially developed games for The 3DO Company's 3DO Interactive Multiplayer system. Its first, Crash 'n Burn, was packed in with the system in October 1993. Lange left in 1994, following a failed attempt at establishing the studio as a third-party publisher, and Zelnick was hired away in 1995. Between 1995 and 1996, Crystal Dynamics created Gex and published Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain, which it later expanded into franchises. As the company faced financial struggles, it raised capital through Technology Partners, with its general partner Ted Ardell instituting layoffs of a third of the studio's staff, including Canepa. As the issues persisted through 1997, Crystal Dynamics was acquired by the British publisher Eidos Interactive in November 1998.
Under its new owner, the studio created projects like Project: Snowblind, initially to be a part of the Deus Ex series, and it was put in charge of the Tomb Raider series in 2003 to replace Core Design. Crystal Dynamics developed a modernized trilogy of Tomb Raider games—consisting of Tomb Raider: Legend (2006), Tomb Raider: Anniversary (2007), and Tomb Raider: Underworld (2008)—and immediately began work on a reboot trilogy. During this time, Eidos was acquired by Square Enix and renamed Square Enix Limited. After the first two games in the new trilogy, Tomb Raider (2013) and Rise of the Tomb Raider (2015), Crystal Dynamics developed Marvel's Avengers while handing the third Tomb Raider game, Shadow of the Tomb Raider, to the sister studio Eidos-Montréal.
Crystal Dynamics established the satellite studio Crystal Northwest in Bellevue, Washington, in August 2018, followed by Crystal Southwest in Austin, Texas, in May 2021. In August 2022, Square Enix sold Crystal Dynamics and several related assets to Embracer Group, where they became part of CDE Entertainment. As of April 2022, Crystal Dynamics is developing another Tomb Raider game and is assisting The Initiative in the development of Perfect Dark.
History
Background and early years (1989–1994)
Crystal Dynamics was founded by Madeline Canepa, Judy Lange, and Dave Morse. Canepa and Lange had been marketing executives for Sega, where Canepa had been integral in the launch of Sonic the Hedgehog, giving her the nickname "Mother of Sonic". Morse had previously co-founded Amiga Corporation and New Technology Group. The latter was established in 1989 to create a video game console that could succeed those by Nintendo and Sega. In September 1990, it signed an agreement with Electronic Arts that saw New Technology Group develop the system under Electronic Arts' provision of software and funding. The development of what became the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer began in 1991, and out of the partnership between the two companies grew The 3DO Company. On July 8, 1992, Canepa, Lange, and Morse spun off the game development portion of The 3DO Company as Crystal Dynamics. Lange became the company's president and Morse its chairman. Its first offices were located in the retail space of Palo Alto Airport in Palo Alto, California. The studio's first projects were Crash 'n Burn and Total Eclipse, which entered production simultaneously and were announced as launch titles for the upcoming 3DO in April 1993. Developing for the system meant that it could produce games for CD-ROM, avoiding the higher costs of cartridges.
In June 1993, Crystal Dynamics hired Strauss Zelnick as its president and chief executive officer (CEO), who resigned from the same positions at 20th Century Fox. According to Lange, Zelnick had been hired for his business expertise, whereas the creative expertise was already present at the studio, which had twenty-eight developers at that time. Zelnick acquired between 25% and 50% of Crystal Dynamics and brought in further investors through earlier connections: Home Box Office bought 10% in July 1993, followed by King World Productions acquiring 10% for in September of that year. The combined value of the latter two stakes was estimated at . Zelnick's background in film and television increased Crystal Dynamics' focus on full-motion video in its games. Crash 'n Burn was released as the 3DO's pack-in game in October 1993. An editorial in Electronic Gaming Monthly from the same month declared the studio "the hottest new video game company on the upscale scene".
In January 1994, Zelnick drafted plans for Star Interactive, which was to publish third-party games by outsourcing the management and distribution to Crystal Dynamics and the manufacturing to a third company. In return for the former, Crystal Dynamics was to receive annual payments of and 10% of Star Interactive's profit for the management role, plus 22.5% of its gross receipts for the distribution. Star Interactive's management was to consist of The Software Toolworks' former senior vice president (VP) Mark Beaumont as CEO, in addition to Crystal Dynamics' VP of sales Allen Chaplin, and Lange, then the company's executive VP. In February, Zelnick announced his intent for Crystal Dynamics to, like a movie studio, produce its own games while also releasing titles from independent developers. It hired Fred Ford and Paul Reiche III of Toys for Bob, initially as contractors and later as employees, to release The Horde, which they had pitched to Canepa and Lange during their time at Sega. Another potential publishing project had been Naughty Dog's Way of the Warrior, which the developer showed to multiple companies during the 1994 Consumer Electronics Show. In March 1994, Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG), which Zelnick had been consulting, agreed to handle marketing and distribution for Crystal Dynamics and Star Interactive outside of North America. However, as Star Interactive failed to raise the targeted , the plan for this company was scrapped in early 1994 and Lange soon departed Crystal Dynamics.
In August 1994, Crystal Dynamics had more than 100 employees. Under Zelnick, the studio became the first licensed third-party developer for the PlayStation as it sought to diversify its business away from the struggling 3DO. However, the 3DO's poor commercial performance had a significant impact on the company. John Eastburn, the studio's chief operating officer, estimated that 3DO game developers could not break even unless its consumer base expanded from 75,000 to 500,000. The studio partnered with Matsushita Electric, the manufacturer of the 3DO, in December 1994 to have its 3DO games distributed through 10,000 consumer electronics stores. In January 1995, Zelnick left Crystal Dynamics to manage BMG's North American operations, remaining a director and shareholder in Crystal Dynamics. After this move was announced in September 1994, the vacant CEO position attracted several parties interested in acquiring the studio. Although The 3DO Company and Spectrum HoloByte were frequently rumored as potential buyers, Morse stated that Crystal Dynamics was not for sale, having spare savings of and a newly acquired loan of from Silicon Valley Bank. He subsequently took up the CEO role until the company hired Randy Komisar from LucasArts as president and CEO in May 1995. Under Komisar, Crystal Dynamics began converting its older 3DO games to the PlayStation and Sega Saturn.
Gex, Legacy of Kain, and acquisition by Eidos (1995–2000)
Looking to come up with a mascot character for itself, as several video game companies had at the time, the studio sought after an animal that was generally liked and had interesting abilities. The result was Gex, an anthropomorphic gecko introduced with the game of the same name in 1995. Around this time, Crystal Dynamics published Slam 'N Jam '95 and Blazing Dragons, while also was working with Canada-based Silicon Knights on Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain. The latter project began to lose focus as it grew in scope, so the publisher engaged Amy Hennig to make the game more engaging.
By 1996, due largely to the unexpectedly slow growth of the CD-ROM games market, the studio was financially stricken. In June, the company revealed plans for a reorganization: The board of directors appointed Ted Ardell, the general partner of the investment firm Technology Partners, as CEO. Komisar, Canepa, and Eastburn were ousted and a third of the company's 102 employees laid off over three months. Crystal Dynamics subsequently ceased publishing efforts to focus solely on internally developed games. Surplus computer hardware and office equipment were auctioned off in September of that year. Ardell managed the day-to-day operations, and the studio lacked a president until Rob Dyer was promoted to this position in April 1997.
Following the release of the second Gex game, Gex: Enter the Gecko, Crystal Dynamics began producing Gex 3: Deep Cover Gecko. By this point, many developers—including most of the Gex team and Enter the Geckos lead designer, Daniel Arey—had left the company, with some of them joining Naughty Dog. Bruce Straley, a designer on Enter the Gecko, was offered the director role for the third game, but he chose to join his friends at Naughty Dog instead. Crystal Dynamics further began the development of a second Legacy of Kain game, codenamed Shifter, without Silicon Knights' involvement. While original characters were created by Hennig and Seth Carus, Silicon Knights filed an injunction, accusing Crystal Dynamics of plagiarizing the characters from Blood Omen. In a private settlement, the two companies agreed that Crystal Dynamics could use Blood Omens characters as long as Silicon Knights was credited as their creator. Shifter ultimately became Legacy of Kain: Soul Reaver. Toys for Bob, as part of Crystal Dynamics, developed Pandemonium! and The Unholy War, while consulting on Pandemonium 2.
Following losses of in its 1997 fiscal year, Crystal Dynamics agreed to be bought by the British publisher Eidos Interactive in September 1998 for (equivalent to ) paid in cash. The studio had returned to over 100 employees by this time. Originally set to close on October 31, the acquisition was completed on November 5, 1998. Dyer and Crystal Dynamics' VP of marketing, Scott Steinberg, subsequently acceded to Eidos Interactive as president and senior VP of marketing, respectively, in January 1999. Toys for Bob's final project under Crystal Dynamics was Disney's 102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue. The team was subsequently fired during a Christmas party.
Projects under Eidos and Tomb Raider (2001–2009)
Among Crystal Dynamics' early projects under Eidos were Mad Dash Racing (2001) and Whiplash (2003). The publisher also sought for a first-person shooter with a sci-fi setting akin to Deus Ex, ultimately mandating it be part of the series. This decision was reversed six months before the game's completion, and it was released as Project: Snowblind in 2005. In the meantime, the Eidos-owned studio Core Design was completing its work on Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness, its sixth game in the Tomb Raider series within seven years. Developers at Crystal Dynamics believed the game to be in a poor final state, and it became a commercial failure upon its release in 2003. Eidos consequently assigned the series to Crystal Dynamics, with several staffers excited about the possibility of working on a large franchise they had played before. Hennig, who had since been the director for most Legacy of Kain games, requested to be involved with such a project but was directed to design another Soul Reaver game instead. This led her to leave the studio and join Naughty Dog, where she created the Uncharted series.
For Tomb Raider: Legend, the developers at Crystal Dynamics played through all previous games and read guides to gain a better understanding of their design. They intended to return to the series' roots of exploring abandoned places while adding an original feel, particularly through a new control scheme. The game was released in April 2006 and proved successful, selling 2.9 million copies within its first few months. With the end of Legends production, its designers pitched Tomb Raider: Anniversary, a remake of the original Tomb Raider for its tenth anniversary. They worked with Toby Gard, one of the series' creators, to understand the intentions behind certain scenes and unrealized concepts from the original game. As the development continued, the game's scope was decreased to roughly half of the original game, which had been deemed too large to entirely remake. Using Legend as the gameplay basis forced the studio to deviate from the original game where the new design did not easily fit. The game was completed within nine months.
The last game in Crystal Dynamics' original Tomb Raider trilogy, with a focus on modernizing its legacy, was Tomb Raider: Underworld. Around the time of Underworlds development, one team within the studio sought to establish a new intellectual property. They pitched Downfall, a post-apocalyptic, open-world game set in San Francisco. However, working on two large projects at the same time was considered too ambitious, leading to Downfalls cancelation in favor of Tomb Raider. Crystal Dynamics subsequently laid off roughly 30 people in January 2009, with Eidos stating that the studio would increasingly focus on Tomb Raider going forward. Another 25 staffers were dismissed in June. In the same year, Darrell Gallagher became the head of studio, and Eidos Interactive was acquired by Square Enix and integrated into its Western operations, becoming Square Enix Limited.
Tomb Raider reboot series and acquisition by Embracer Group (2009–present)
For the next Tomb Raider game, Crystal Dynamics intended to reboot the series with new concepts to reach new audiences. For several years, the development team experimented with several gameplay concepts but felt that many of them deviated too strongly from the series' core concepts and shifted to focusing only on elements that felt like a good fit for the series. The final design was characterized as a modernized take on the series, with a focus on survival and storytelling. The creative directors devised it as the beginning of a new origin story that was then planned out over three games. To sustain the franchise in the meantime, Crystal Dynamics developed Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light, which featured the same protagonist with different gameplay. The first game in the reboot trilogy, titled Tomb Raider, was released in 2013. The studio followed up Lara Croft and the Guardian of Light with Lara Croft and the Temple of Osiris in 2014 and Tomb Raider with Rise of the Tomb Raider in 2015. In December of that year, Square Enix announced that Gallagher had left the studio and had been replaced with Scot Amos and Ron Rosenberg. Brian Horton, the senior art director for Tomb Raider and director of Rise of the Tomb Raider, left in 2016.
In January 2017, Square Enix announced a partnership with Marvel Entertainment to create multiple video games based on Marvel characters, with Crystal Dynamics developing Marvel's Avengers. The studio had pitched a single-player game akin to Tomb Raider that would see the player take control of the Avengers group of superheroes, switching between characters as the story progressed. However, the development team soon felt unhappy that, despite employing several player characters, only one of them was playable at a time and the impression that the Avengers were a team was not well represented. This led them to refocus it into a multiplayer game. With Crystal Dynamics working on Marvel's Avengers, the third game in the Tomb Raider reboot trilogy, Shadow of the Tomb Raider, was handed to the sister studio Eidos-Montréal, with a small team at Crystal Dynamics working on minor parts of the game. In August 2018, Crystal Dynamics opened the satellite studio Crystal Northwest in Bellevue, Washington, to support the development of Marvel's Avengers. The late stages of the development saw the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent shift to work from home, which the studio had not been used to. Because the developers mostly worked alone during this time, the game launched with several issues they had been unaware of and needed later addressing. Afterward, Crystal Dynamics implemented hybrid work and remote hiring.
In May 2021, Crystal Dynamics opened Crystal Southwest in Austin, Texas, under the leadership of Dallas Dickinson, who had been an executive producer for the company. Crystal Dynamics partnered with The Initiative, a studio founded by Gallagher, in September 2021 to work on Perfect Dark, a reboot of the series of the same name. The studio further announced another Tomb Raider game in April 2022. In May 2022, Embracer Group announced that it would acquire Crystal Dynamics, alongside several other assets of Square Enix Limited, for . Embracer Group expressed interest in sequels, remakes, and remasters in the studio's established franchises, including Tomb Raider and Legacy of Kain. The acquisition was completed on August 26, 2022, and Crystal Dynamics became a part of the new CDE Entertainment operating group. In September 2023, at a time when Embracer Group was implementing cost reduction measures, the studio laid off nine marketing personnel and one IT worker.
Games developed
Games published
References
External links
1992 establishments in California
1998 mergers and acquisitions
2022 mergers and acquisitions
American companies established in 1992
American subsidiaries of foreign companies
Eidos
Embracer Group
Square Enix
Video game companies established in 1992
Video game companies of the United States
Video game development companies |
Ruby Joy Gabriel (born 22 November 1994) is a Palauan female sprinter who competed in the 100 metres event at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Achievements
References
External links
Sports reference biography
1994 births
Living people
Palauan female sprinters
Olympic track and field athletes for Palau
Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics
People from Koror
Palauan female hurdlers |
```xml
// @ts-ignore
import { GeoMapDefaultProps, ChoroplethDefaultProps } from '@nivo/geo'
import { getLegendsProps, groupProperties } from '../../../lib/componentProperties'
import { props as geoProps } from '../geo/props'
import { ChartProperty } from '../../../types'
const props: ChartProperty[] = [
...geoProps,
{
key: 'label',
group: 'Base',
type: 'string | Function',
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
help: 'Label accessor.',
description: `
Accessor to label, if a string is provided,
the value will be retrieved using it as
a key, if it's a function, it's its responsibility
to return the label.
`,
defaultValue: ChoroplethDefaultProps.label,
},
{
key: 'value',
group: 'Base',
type: 'string | Function',
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
help: 'Value accessor.',
description: `
Accessor to data value, if a string is provided,
the value will be retrieved using
it as a key, if it's a function, it's its responsibility
to return the value.
`,
defaultValue: ChoroplethDefaultProps.value,
},
{
key: 'valueFormat',
group: 'Base',
type: 'string | Function',
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
help: 'Value formatter.',
description: `
Optional formatting of values, if provided, it will
be used for labels/tooltips. You can either pass
a function which will receive the node's data
and must return the formatted value, or a string
which will be used as a directive for
[d3-format](path_to_url
`,
defaultValue: ChoroplethDefaultProps.value,
},
{
key: 'domain',
help: 'Defines uppper and lower bounds of color shading',
description: `
The Domain prop is a required two element array that
defines the minimum and maximum values for the color shading
of the Choropleth. The minimum and maximum provided should
roughly match, or be slightly outside of the minimum and
maximum values in your data.
`,
type: 'number[]',
required: true,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
group: 'Base',
},
{
key: 'colors',
group: 'Style',
help: 'Defines color range.',
type: 'string | Function | string[]',
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
defaultValue: 'nivo',
control: { type: 'quantizeColors' },
},
{
key: 'unknownColor',
group: 'Style',
help: 'Defines the color to use for features without value.',
type: 'string',
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
defaultValue: 'nivo',
control: { type: 'colorPicker' },
},
{
key: 'layers',
group: 'Customization',
type: `Array<'graticule' | 'features' | Function>`,
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
help: 'Defines the order of layers.',
description: `
Defines the order of layers, available layers are:
\`graticule\`, \`features\`.
You can also use this to insert extra layers
to the chart, this extra layer must be
a function which will receive the chart
computed data and must return a valid SVG
element for the SVG implementation or receive
a Canvas 2d context for the canvas
one. Custom layers will also receive the
computed data/projection.
`,
defaultValue: GeoMapDefaultProps.layers,
},
{
key: 'tooltip',
group: 'Interactivity',
type: 'Function',
required: false,
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
help: 'Custom tooltip component.',
description: `
A function allowing complete tooltip customisation,
it must return a valid HTML
element and will receive the node's data.
`,
},
{
key: 'custom tooltip example',
group: 'Interactivity',
excludeFromDoc: true,
required: false,
help: 'Showcase custom tooltip.',
type: 'boolean',
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
control: { type: 'switch' },
},
{
key: 'legends',
type: '{Array<object>}',
help: `Optional chart's legends.`,
group: 'Legends',
flavors: ['svg', 'canvas'],
required: false,
control: {
type: 'array',
props: getLegendsProps(['svg', 'canvas']),
shouldCreate: true,
addLabel: 'add legend',
shouldRemove: true,
defaults: {
anchor: 'center',
direction: 'column',
justify: false,
translateX: 0,
translateY: 0,
itemWidth: 100,
itemHeight: 20,
itemsSpacing: 4,
symbolSize: 20,
itemDirection: 'left-to-right',
itemTextColor: '#777',
onClick: (data: any) => {
console.log(JSON.stringify(data, null, ' '))
},
effects: [
{
on: 'hover',
style: {
itemTextColor: '#000',
itemBackground: '#f7fafb',
},
},
],
},
},
},
]
export const groups = groupProperties(props)
``` |
Ranelva is a long river in the municipality of Rana in Nordland county, Norway. It is one of the longest rivers in Nordland county. The catchment area of the river is . Before the power stations of Reinforsen (1925) and Langvatnet (1964) were built, the catchment area was .
Path
The river begins on the Saltfjellet plateau, near the border between Norway and Sweden, at the confluence of the little rivers Randalselva () and Gubbeltåga (). The river then flows mainly in a western-southwestern direction. On its way southwestwards, the river is joined by the river Virvasselva from south. The part of the Ranelva river between its beginning and its joining with Virvasselva is called Ruovadajåhkå in Lule Sami language.
Near Storvollen, the rivers Bjøllåga, Tespa, and Stormdalsåga all join Ranelva from the north and the river Messingåga joins from the south. It continues in a southwestern direction through the Dunderland Valley. The rivers Grønfjellåga and Plura join the Ranelva in this valley.
Southwest of the small village Røssvoll, Ranelva meets the river Langvassåga which empties the lake Langvatnet. Further down, at Selfors, the river Revelelva (the name of the lowest parts of the river Tverråga) joins the Ranelva. The river Ranelva empties into the Ranfjorden just south of Ytteren in Mo i Rana.
The river receives water from Storakersvatnet via Rana Hydroelectric Power Station.
Fishing
Ranelva is a popular river for fishing. It is very rich with salmon and trout. One of the largest salmon tunnels in Norway ( long) is located at the Reinforsen waterfall, and was built in 1956.
Ranelva was cleansed with rotenone in 1996, 2004, and 2005 beneath the Sjøforsen waterfall, in order to remove the salmon parasite Gyrodactylus salaris, which was registered there for the first time in 1975.
Media gallery
Storvoll
Illhøllia
Reinforsen ("Reindeer waterfall")
Selfors
Fossetangen
See also
List of rivers in Norway
References
Rivers of Nordland
Rana, Norway
Rivers of Norway |
The 1934 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. The awards celebrated the passing of 1933 and the beginning of 1934, and were announced on 1 January 1934.
The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.
Knight Bachelor
James Trevilly Grose – of Wellington; general manager of the National Bank of New Zealand. For public services.
Major-General William Livingstone Hatchwell Sinclair-Burgess – general officer commanding New Zealand Military Forces.
Order of Saint Michael and Saint George
Companion (CMG)
Professor Robert Edward Alexander – director of Canterbury Agricultural College, Lincoln.
Order of the British Empire
Commander (CBE)
Civil division
Charles Albert Knowles – private secretary to successive high commissioners for New Zealand in London.
Officer (OBE)
Civil division
Sibylla Emily Maude – of Christchurch. For services in connection with district nursing.
Jane Anna Mowbray – of Auckland; president of the Auckland branch of the Victoria League.
References
New Year Honours
1934 awards
1934 in New Zealand
New Zealand awards |
Michael Blieden Wolff (born July 31, 1952) is an American jazz pianist, composer, and actor. He was the bandleader on The Arsenio Hall Show (1989–94).
Wolff was honored as a Steinway Artist and obtained a Broadcast Music, Inc. award. He provided the score for and co-produced The Tic Code (1998). He also co-starred with his sons, Nat and Alex, in the Nickelodeon musical comedy series The Naked Brothers Band (2007–09), earning him a BMI Cable Award for producing and supervising the series' music. Wolff was the leader of the jazz band Impure Thoughts. Reconstructed as Wolff & Clark Expedition, it is a jazz-funk group.
Childhood and family life
Wolff was born to a Jewish family in Victorville, California, and raised in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is the son of Lise (Silverman) and Marvin Wolff, a medical doctor who treated Elvis Presley when the Wolffs settled in Memphis, Tennessee. Michael began studying classical piano at age eight. When he was nine years old, his family moved to Berkeley, California, where he played drums at age 12. While attending Berkeley High School, Wolff started playing piano with the University of California Jazz Ensembles under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker. After graduating from high school, Wolff attended the University of California, Berkeley before enrolling at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Wolff's mother remarried psychiatrist Neal Blumenfeld (Wolff's stepfather), who died on December 1, 2013. He has two step-siblings, Mimi and Judy. Wolff married actress Polly Draper in 1992; they have two sons together, Nat Wolff and Alex Wolff, who starred in and wrote the music for The Naked Brothers Band film and series that was created and produced by Draper. Draper also wrote and starred in The Tic Code, a musical drama film influenced by Wolff's life with Tourette syndrome to which he contributed the score.
Career
Wolff left college in 1972 to begin his music career, joining Cal Tjader's band. He then joined Cannonball Adderley's band in 1975. In 1977, he formed the band Answering Service with saxophonist Alex Foster. Wolff worked with other famous artists, including Frank Sinatra, Warren Zevon, Bobby McFerrin, The Thad Jones/ Mel Lewis Orchestra, Sonny Rollins, Wayne Shorter, Jean-Luc Ponty, Children On The Corner, Terri Lyne Carrington, Tony Williams, and Christian McBride.
In 1978, singer Nancy Wilson chose Wolff as her musical director. Arsenio Hall was Wilson's opening act, and in 1989, when Hall was given his own talk show, Wolff was chosen to serve as its bandleader and musical director. He met his wife, actress Polly Draper, when she appeared as a guest on the show. In 1995, he released Jumpstart! featuring Christian McBride and Tony Williams and in 1997 the trio released 2AM. Wolff was the leader of the jazz band 'Impure Thoughts' which features Indian tabla player Badal Roy, drummer Mike Clark, percussionist Frank Colón and electric bassist John B. Williams.
He wrote music for the films Who's the Man?, The Tic Code, and Made up, as well as writing for and performing in other films. Wolff co-starred with his sons in The Naked Brothers Band television series on Nickelodeon, serving as the co-executive producer and music supervisor, which Draper created, executive produced, wrote, and directed. In addition, Wolff co-starred in and produced the music for The Naked Brothers Band: The Movie, which later served as the pilot for the TV series.
Wolff is on the faculty at The New School for Jazz and Contemporary Music. In the 2010s, he formed the jazz-funk band called the 'Wolff & Clark Expedition', consisting of Wolff and Clark as band leaders, with Steve Wilson and Lenny Pickett as saxophonists, and James Genus as the bassist.
Discography
As leader
1993 Michael Wolff (Columbia)
1995 Jumpstart! (Jimco/Cabana)
1996 2 AM (Cabana)
1998 Portraiture: The Blues Period (Fuel 2000/Varèse Sarabande)
2000 The Tic Code Soundtrack (Razor & Tie)
2001 Impure Thoughts (Indianola)
2003 Intoxicate (Indianola)
2003 Christmas Moods (Artemis)
2003 Getting into Heaven
2004 Dangerous Vision (Artemis)
2005 Sexual Healing (3D)
2006 Love & Destruction (Wrong)
2007 Jazz, Jazz, Jazz (Wrong)
2009 Joe's Strut (Wrong)
2011 Detroit Dozen (Wrong)
2013 Wolff & Clark Expedition (Random Act)
2015 Wolff & Clark Expedition 2 (Random Act)
2019 Swirl (Sunnyside)
2020 Bounce (Sunnyside)
As sideman
With Cannonball Adderley
1975 Phenix (Fantasy)
1975 Volume One: Montreal 1975 (Essential Media Group)
With David Axelrod
1993 Requiem The Holocaust (Liberty)
2003 The Big Country (Stateside)
With Alex Foster
1997 Pool of Dreams (Truspace)
With Tom Harrell
1975 Aurora (Adamo/Pinnacle)
1976 Bird Gets The Worm (Adamo/Pinnacle)
With Dave Samuels
1998 Tjaderized (Verve)
With Cal Tjader
1972 Live at Concerts by the Sea (Fantasy)
1999 Last Bolero in Berkeley (Fantasy)
With Cal Tjader and Charlie Byrd
1973 Tambu (Fantasy)
With Nancy Wilson
1979 Live in Munich
1991 With My Lover Beside Me (Columbia)
With Warren Zevon
1995 Mutineer (Giant)
2002 My Ride's Here (Artemis)
Filmography
Film
Television
Awards and honors
Wolff was honored as a Steinway Artist in June 2006. The Tic Code won awards at the Berlin International Film Festival, Giffoni Film Festival and Hamptons International Film Festival. With his sons, Wolff won a Broadcast Music Cable Award in 2007 for the music on The Naked Brothers Band TV series.
References
External links
Michael Wolff's website
Michael Wolff at All About Jazz
Jewish American jazz composers
American jazz pianists
American male pianists
American male television actors
Jazz musicians from California
Jewish American musicians
1952 births
Living people
Jazz musicians from New Orleans
People with Tourette syndrome
People from Victorville, California
Jewish jazz musicians
20th-century American pianists
21st-century American pianists
American male jazz composers
American jazz composers
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
Cannonball Adderley Quintet members
University of California Jazz Ensembles members
Draper family
21st-century American Jews |
Maria Cammarata, was a prominent female leader of the Fascio dei lavoratori in Piana dei Greci (now Piana degli Albanesi), part of the Fasci Siciliani movement. The role of women in the Fasci Siciliani was substantial, but is regularly overlooked in historical accounts.
The Pianese Fascio, organized in March 1893 by Nicola Barbato, was made up of two parts: a male section with about 2,500 members, and a female section with over 1,000 women. The female Fascio delle lavoratrici had their own meeting hall where they held their own meetings; they carried their own banner when participating in protest marches. In Piana the women organised a boycott of annual religious procession in protest of the priest’s opposition to the movement in 1893.
At the congress in Palermo in May 1893 where the union of all the Fasci in Sicily was decided, Maria Cammarata, of the Fascio of Piana, urged the audience to ensure the registration of women. The presence and political sophistication of the female representatives at the congress surprised the male editor of the Giornale di Sicilia: "I could not believe it myself. They spoke loudly and clearly, with ease and astonishing courage."
References
Sources
Guglielmo, Jennifer (2010). Living the Revolution: Italian Women's Resistance and Radicalism in New York City, 1880-1945, University of North Carolina Press,
Hobsbawm, Eric J. (1959/1971). Primitive rebels; studies in archaic forms of social movement in the 19th and 20th centuries, Manchester: Manchester University Press,
People from Piana degli Albanesi
Fasci Siciliani |
Bernard McBride (born 1845, date of death unknown) was an American soldier in the U.S. Army who served with the 8th U.S. Cavalry during the Indian Wars. He was one of 34 men received the Medal of Honor for "bravery in scouts and actions" in several engagements against the Apache Indians in the Arizona Territory from August to October 1868.
Biography
Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1845, Bernard McBride enlisted in the U.S. Army in Washington, D.C. and was sent out west for frontier duty in the Arizona Territory. McBride served with the 8th U.S. Cavalry and, from August to October 1868, was part of a small force numbering 50-60 troopers assigned to protect settlements from Apache raiding parties. He and his fellow soldiers spent the next three months in heavy fighting with the Apache, most often in the form of ambushes and sniper attacks, during their patrols. He was among the 34 soldiers who were received the Medal of Honor, in one of the U.S. Army's largest Medal of Honor presentations at the time, for "bravery in scouts and actions against Indians" on July 24, 1869.
Medal of Honor citation
Rank and organization: Private, Company B, 8th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: Arizona, August to October 1868. Entered service at:------. Birth: Brooklyn, N.Y. Date of issue: 24 July 1869.
Citation:
Bravery in scouts and actions against Indians.
See also
List of Medal of Honor recipients
References
1845 births
Year of death missing
United States Army soldiers
American military personnel of the Indian Wars
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Military personnel from Brooklyn
American Indian Wars recipients of the Medal of Honor |
Dane Anderson Weston (born 2 February 1973) is a former Antiguan cricketer. Weston was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast. He was born at All Saints, Antigua.
Weston made two first-class appearances for the Leeward Islands in the 2003/04 Carib Beer Cup against Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica. He took a total of 4 wickets in his two matches, which came at an average of 40.75, with best figures of 2/17.
Later in August 2006, Weston played for the United States Virgin Islands in the 2006 Stanford 20/20, whose matches held official Twenty20 status. Weston made two appearances in the tournament, in a preliminary round victory against Sint Maarten and in a first-round defeat against St Vincent and the Grenadines. He took 3 wickets during the tournament at an average of 17.33 and with best figures of 2/23. He later played for the United States Virgin Islands in their second appearance in the Stanford 20/20 in 2008, making two appearances in a preliminary round victory against St Kitts and in a first-round defeat against Antigua and Barbuda. He again took 3 wickets in the tournament, at an average of 14.00 and with best figures of 2/14. His total of 6 wickets for the United States Virgin Islands makes him the teams joint–leading wicket taker alongside Calvin Lewis.
References
External links
Dane Weston at ESPNcricinfo
Dane Weston at CricketArchive
1973 births
Living people
Antigua and Barbuda cricketers
Leeward Islands cricketers
United States Virgin Islands cricketers |
St. Mary's Seminary and University is a Catholic seminary located within the Archdiocese of Baltimore in Baltimore, Maryland; it was the first seminary founded in the United States after the Revolution and has been run since its founding by the Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice.
History
In consequence of the threatening aspect of affairs in France, Rev. J. A. Emery, Superior-General of the Sulpicians, deemed it prudent to found a house of their institute in some foreign country, and at the suggestion of Cardinal Antonio Dugnani, nuncio at Paris, the United States was chosen. Negotiations were opened with the recently consecrated Bishop John Carroll of Baltimore, Maryland, and after some delay Rev. Francis C. Nagot, S.S., was named first director of the projected seminary. With him were associated Michael Levadoux as treasurer, MM. Tessier, Gamier, and Montdésir, together with several seminarians.
The Sulpicians, fleeing the French Revolution, sailed from Saint Malo on 8 April 1791. Also on board was François-René de Chateaubriand. They arrived in Baltimore on 10 July. They purchased the One Mile Tavern on the edge of the city, dedicated the house to the Blessed Virgin, and in October opened classes with five students whom they had brought from France. This was the beginning of St. Mary's, the first American seminary.
With the help of Bishop John Carroll and others, the Sulpicians were able to purchase additional property adjoining the One Mile Tavern and build St. Mary's College and Seminary on North Paca Street at the developed northwest edge of the newly incorporated city. St. Mary's Seminary Chapel was built. St. Mary's was additionally chartered as a civil college by the State of Maryland in 1805 (1806?). It was operated until 1852 by the Sulpicians religious order and graduated hundreds of young men and formed an important educational role in the growing city during the first half of the 19th century.
St. Mary's was established as a theological seminary in 1822 by Pope Pius VII, when it was authorized as the first ecclesiastical faculty in the United States with the right to grant degrees in the name of the Holy See. The seminary continued to be operated by the Sulpicians. In addition, it maintains an ecclesiastical faculty today.
The under-graduate secular St. Mary's College closed in 1852 and Archbishop Kenrick asked the Jesuits to oversee the formation of a school. Construction of Loyola High School began on Charles Street in early 1852, and on September 15, 1852, the school enrolled its first students. That same year saw the opening of Loyola College in two small rented townhouses on Holliday Street, between East Lexington and East Fayette Streets.
The influence of the St. Mary's Seminary increased in the late 19th century under the leadership of Alphonse Magnien, who served as superior of the school from 1878 to 1902.
St. Mary's Seminary and now University moved to a large 40-acre, park-like campus at the southwest intersection of Roland and Belvedere (later Northern Parkway) Avenues in the Roland Park section of northern Baltimore City in 1929, with the construction of its present Beaux ArtsClassical Revival style, central main building, designed by the firm of Maginnis & Walsh of Boston, which is set far back to the west from Roland Avenue across a great grass lawn. The lawn was used as a helicopter pad for leaving to the local airport following the several days of the 1995 Baltimore visit by Pope John Paul II.
In 1968, reflecting a more ecumenical and outgoing spirit from the Second Vatican Council and with educational partnerships with neighboring Christian traditions/denominations of (Protestant and Eastern Orthodox) in the City and central Maryland region, plus having additional space and resources due to a decline in the number of priests in formation by the late 1960s, an "Ecumenical Institute of Theology" was established in 1968 with a separate board of trustees of lay and clergy members from the Catholic and other partnering faiths and a separate dean/director and began offering courses, programs, events with library resources and religious training on a graduate-level to the laity and clergy of the area, which has since greatly raised the academic levels and religious discourse in the following four decades.
In 1974, the institution's name was changed to "St. Mary's Seminary and University" to reflect its expanded departments and graduate degree programs.
During his famous visit to the "Premier See" of Baltimore in 1995, the first by any Bishop of Rome, Pope John Paul II, visited briefly and prayed at the Seminary Chapel and used the spacious front lawn to lift off in his papal helicopter ending his tour of the archdiocese and its city.
Father Robert F. Leavitt retired as long-time president/rector in spring 2007, having served at that position for 27 years—the longest tenure of any president/rector in the school's history. The Seminary's alumni have gone on to reach bishop's positions and form leading teaching roles in various theological seminaries of the Church in many cities and towns of the United States.
Architecture
St. Mary's Seminary Chapel
St. Mary's Seminary Chapel, a Neo-Gothic style church designed by French architect J. Maximilian M. Godefroy was built in 1806. The bricks were originally intended for the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, but when Bishop Carroll decided to construct his cathedral in stone, the bricks were purchased by his cousin, Charles Carroll of Carrollton, and donated to the Sulpicians.
Elizabeth Ann Seton, founder of the Sisters of Charity, pronounced vows of chastity and obedience to John Carroll for one year in the lower chapel on Paca Street on March 25, 1809.
The chapel's basement was used for services for members of the Afro-Haitian Catholic community who had left Santo Domingo because of the Haitian Revolution. The old Godefroy Chapel is now St. Mary's Spiritual Center and Historic Site.
Mother Seton House
Mother Seton House is a historic home located on the grounds of St. Mary's Seminary adjacent to the Seminary Chapel. Around 1806, Elizabeth Ann Seton met Abbé Louis William Valentine DuBourg when he was preaching in New York. DuBourg was at that time president of St. Mary's College, and was interested in establishing a small school for children. With the concurrence of Bishop Carroll, he invited Seton to Baltimore, where her sons were enrolled in the college. She arrived on June 16, 1808, and spent one year as a school mistress, before relocating to Emmitsburg.
St. Elizabeth Ann Seton, lived at the nearby house while she was briefly living in Baltimore during 1806 to 1809; it was later named for her and now contains some historical and biographical exhibits on her life and work. It is the only part of the first group of original seminary/college buildings in Georgian/Federal red brick style from the 1810s which were later razed and a second set of Seminary buildings in a Victorian/French Second Empire style of architecture were erected on the same site facing east on North Paca Street in 1878 and surrounded the original Chapel that is remaining on Paca facing west, into the 21st century.
Institutes and facilities
The Knott Library (endowed by industrialist, contractor/builder, and philanthropist Henry J. Knott) at St. Mary's Seminary and University houses the collected papers of Fr. Raymond E. Brown S.S. (S.T.B., 1951), an eminent Johannine scholar and St. Mary's graduate.
St. Mary's Ecumenical Institute, founded in 1968, offers graduate degrees and certificates; it supports a diverse adult learning environment of different ethnicities and denominations. Dr. Brent Laytham, formerly of North Park University, is the E.I.'s dean, succeeding Dr. Michael J. Gorman. Gorman remains on the faculty as the inaugural Raymond E. Brown Professor of Biblical Studies and Theology.
In May 2012, N. T. Wright was the keynote speaker for the graduating class at the E.I. and was himself awarded an honorary degree.
Notable alumni
William O. Brady, (1899–1961), Archbishop of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, in St. Paul, Minnesota
Raymond E. Brown,(1928-1998), biblical/theological scholar of the Sulpician Fathers, served at the nominally Protestant-led, famous Union Theological Seminary in New York City
Edward Mann Butler, (1784–1855), first president of the University of Louisville, in Louisville, Kentucky
Patrick Joseph Byrne, (1888-1950), Maryknoll Missionary who served as Apostolic Delegate to the Republic of Korea, in Seoul
James Carroll, (1791–1873), U.S. Representative (Congressman) in the twenty-sixth United States Congress (relative of Bishop John Carroll of the Diocese and later Archdiocese of Baltimore), in Baltimore, Maryland
Samuel Eccleston, (1801–1851), fifth Archbishop of Baltimore, (1831-1854), Baltimore, Maryland
Terence P. Finnegan, (1904–1990), Chief of Chaplains of the U.S. Air Force, at The Pentagon, U.S. Department of Defense, Washington, D.C.
John Samuel Foley, (1833–1918), Bishop of Detroit, in Detroit, Michigan
James Cardinal Gibbons, (1834–1921), ninth Cardinal Archbishop of Baltimore, (1877-1921) in Baltimore, Maryland
Benjamin Ignatius Hayes, (1815–1877), lawyer, resided in Los Angeles, elected first California District Court Judge of the newly established "First Judicial District of California" from 1852 to 1864 for the southern California Counties of Los Angeles, San Diego and San Bernardino Counties. Writer/Author about early California province, republic and state history plus legal practices, law and precedents.
Peter Leo Ireton, (1882–1958), Bishop of Richmond, in Richmond, Virginia
John Joseph Kain, (1841–1903), Archbishop of Saint Louis, in St. Louis, Missouri
Edward Kavanagh, (1795–1844), seventeenth Governor of Maine at the State Capitol, in Augusta, Maine
Cornelius Leary (1813-1893), U.S. Representative in the 37th U.S. Congress
William Francis Malooly, (born 1944), current Bishop of Wilmington in Wilmington, Delaware
Thomas Mardaga, (1913–1984), sixth Bishop of Wilmington in Wilmington, Delaware
Joseph Maskell (1939–2001), Catholic priest accused of sexual abuse
William Matthews, (1770–1854), seventh President of Georgetown College and first British-American-born Catholic priest
Michael J. McGivney, (1852–1890), American Catholic priest based in New Haven, Connecticut, founded the Knights of Columbus
Edward Mooney, (1882–1958), Cardinal Archbishop of Detroit, in Detroit, Michigan
Martin John O'Connor, (1900–1986), bishop and rector of the Pontifical North American College, at Vatican City, in Rome, Italy
Bernard O'Reilly, (1803–1856), Bishop of Hartford, in Hartford, Connecticut
Patrick Thomas O'Reilly, (1833–1892), first Bishop of Springfield in Springfield, Massachusetts
Richard Phelan (1828–1904), Bishop of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Edward Coote Pinkney, (1802–1828), poet, lawyer, sailor, professor, and editor
John Baptist Pitaval, (1858–1928), Archbishop of Santa Fe in Santa Fe, New Mexico
Joseph C. Plagens, (1880–1943), Bishop of Grand Rapids in Grand Rapids, Michigan
Michael Portier, (1795–1859), first Bishop of Mobile in Mobile, Alabama
Ignatius A. Reynolds, (1798–1855), Bishop of Charleston in Charleston, South Carolina
John T. Richardson, (1923–2022), President of DePaul University in Chicago, Illinois
John Joyce Russell, (1897–1993), Bishop of Richmond in Richmond, Virginia
William Thomas Russell, (1863–1927), Bishop of Charleston, in Charleston, South Carolina
Augustus John Schwertner, (1870–1939), Bishop of Wichita in Wichita, Kansas
Jerome Sebastian, (1895–1960), Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of Baltimore in Baltimore, Maryland
F. Richard Spencer, (born 1951), current auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese for the Military Services
Walter Francis Sullivan, (1928-2012), Bishop of Richmond, in Richmond, Virginia
John Payne Todd (1792–1852), step-son of fourth President James Madison, (1751-1836, served 1809–1817)
Thomas Joseph Toolen, (1886–1976), Bishop of Mobile in Mobile, Alabama
Severn Teackle Wallis (1816–1894), noted lawyer, scholar, civic leader in Baltimore, Maryland (ancestor of Wallis Warfield Simpson of Baltimore, future Duchess of Windsor and wife of former King Edward VIII, later Duke of Windsor, who abdicated the British throne in 1937)
Vincent Stanislaus Waters, (1904–1974), Bishop of Raleigh in Raleigh, North Carolina
Joseph Clement Willging, (1884–1959), Bishop of Pueblo in Pueblo, Colorado
David Zubik, (born 1949), current Bishop of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
See also
National Catholic Educational Association
References
External links
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore
St. Mary's Seminary & University
St. Mary's Ecumenical Institute
St. Mary's Spiritual Center & Historic Site
1791 establishments in Maryland
Catholic seminaries in the United States
Catholic universities and colleges in Maryland
Educational institutions established in 1791
Pontifical universities
Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice
Universities and colleges in Baltimore |
General elections were held in Ghana on 7 December 2000, with a second round of the presidential election on 28 December.
In the presidential election, John Kufuor of the New Patriotic Party (NPP) led the field in the first round of voting, taking 48 percent of the vote. Vice President John Atta Mills of the National Democratic Congress (NDC) finished second, with 44 percent. Kufuor defeated Atta-Mills in the second round with 57 percent of the vote. The NPP also won the most seats in the parliamentary elections, ending eight years of NDC dominance. However, with 99 of the 200 seats, it was two seats short of a majority.
The elections marked the first peaceful transfer of power via the ballot box in the country's history.
Results
President
Parliament
The vacant seat was filled by a by-election on 3 January 2001 and won by the NPP.
See also
List of Ghana Parliament constituencies
List of MPs elected in the 2000 Ghanaian parliamentary election
References
External links
Ghana: Parliamentary Chamber: Parliament: Elections held in 2000 Inter-Parliamentary Union
Elections in Ghana
Ghana
General
Presidential elections in Ghana |
Elections to the Labour Party's Shadow Cabinet (more formally, its "Parliamentary Committee") were announced on 28 October 1983. In addition to the 15 members elected, the Leader (Neil Kinnock), Deputy Leader (Roy Hattersley), Labour Chief Whip (Michael Cocks), Labour Leader in the House of Lords (Lord Cledwyn of Penrhos), and Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (Jack Dormand) were automatically members.
Denis Healey, who had previously been automatically a shadow cabinet member as Deputy Leader, topped the poll. Robin Cook, Michael Meacher and Giles Radice joined the cabinet; Jones and Meacher had not stood in 1982.
Footnotes
Notes
References
1983
1983 elections in the United Kingdom
October 1983 events in the United Kingdom |
The Chiesa dell'Osservanza (Church of the Observance) or Santa Maria Annunziata dell'Osservanza is a Gothic-style, Roman Catholic church located in Viale Osservanza #198 in Cesena, region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
History
A church at the site was erected in 1438 by Malatesta Novello after he defeated of the Ghibelline forces in the town. In 1457, Violanta da Montefeltro, wife of Novello, assigned the church, then dedicated to the Virgin of the Annunciation, and soon granted to the Riformati Friars (Riformati dell' Osservanza), who moved here from the church of Sant'Agostino. The church was consecrated in 1471. The church we see today was restructured starting in 1761 and completed in 1791, using designs by Leandro Marconi the elder. He also oversaw the interior neoclassical decoration.
In 1465, Cardinal Bessarion donated to the church, his collection of choral books (for example, see antiphonary), some of which were transferred to the Biblioteca Malatestiana after the suppression of the convent.
The facade is simple, made of brick, with an unusual hemicircular round window, and a three arch portico. The interior houses a 16th-century painting of the Madonna della Grazie and The Annunciation by Marcantonio Franceschini. The cloister of the adjacent former convent was designed by Pietro Carlo Borboni. Borboni also played a role in the reconstruction of the church in the 18th century.
References
Roman Catholic churches in Cesena
18th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1791 |
M31: A Family Romance is the second novel written by Stephen Wright. First published in 1988 by Harmony Books, it is a dark satire about media and mass culture as filtered through the lens of a fictional family with extraterrestrial ties.
The Los Angeles Times reviewed M31 as “a novel of original and wide ambitions, largely achieved.” Laura Miller proposed in 2004 that the “undersung” M31 is a candidate for the Great American Novel.
References
1988 American novels
Harmony Books books |
Joseph Maloney may refer to:
Joseph Moloney (1857–1896), Irish-born British medical officer
Joseph F. Maloney, Socialist Labor Party candidate for President of the United States, 1900
Joe Maloney (1934–2006), English footballer |
U.S. Route 13 (US 13) is a United States Numbered Highway running from Fayetteville, North Carolina, north to Morrisville, Pennsylvania. The route runs for through the Delaware Valley in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The route enters the state from Delaware in Marcus Hook, Delaware County. It continues northeast through Delaware County, passing through the city of Chester before heading through suburban areas along Chester Pike to Darby. US 13 enters the city of Philadelphia on Baltimore Avenue and runs through West Philadelphia to University City, where it turns north along several city streets before heading east across the Schuylkill River along Girard Avenue. The route turns north and heads to North Philadelphia, where it runs northeast along Hunting Park Avenue. US 13 becomes concurrent with US 1 on Roosevelt Boulevard, continuing into Northeast Philadelphia. US 13 splits southeast on a one-way pair of streets before heading northeast out of the city on Frankford Avenue. The route continues into Bucks County as Bristol Pike, heading northeast to Bristol, where it turns into a divided highway. US 13 becomes a freeway in Tullytown and continues north to its terminus at US 1 in Falls Township, near Morrisville. US 13 roughly parallels Interstate 95 (I-95) through its course in Pennsylvania.
The routing dates back to colonial times as part of the King's Highway. In the 19th century, the road was part of several turnpikes, including the Darby and Ridley Turnpike (or Chester Pike) between Chester and Darby and the Frankford and Bristol Turnpike between Philadelphia and Morrisville. In the early 20th century, these private turnpikes became public roads. US 13 was designated through Pennsylvania in 1926, running between the Delaware border in Marcus Hook and US 1 in Morrisville. The route was designated concurrent with Pennsylvania Route 91 (PA 91) between the Delaware border and Philadelphia and PA 32 between Philadelphia and Morrisville; these concurrent state route designations were removed in 1928. US 13 originally ran through Darby on Main Street and Philadelphia on Woodland Avenue, Market Street, Broad Street, Diamond Street, Front Street, Kensington Avenue, and Frankford Avenue. In the 1930s, the route was shifted to use Macdade Boulevard, Whitby Avenue, 44th Street, Powelton Avenue, 31st and 32nd streets, Spring Garden Street, Broad Street, Roosevelt Boulevard, Levick Street, and Frankford Avenue through the city; it ran concurrent with US 1 through most of the city. Between the 1930s and 1960s, three bypass routes existed for portions of US 13 between Marcus Hook and Philadelphia. The divided highway alignment between Bristol and Tullytown was completed by 1950. The US 13 freeway between Tullytown and US 1 was completed in 1955, shifting the northern terminus to its current location. This freeway was once considered to become a part of I-95 that would pass through Trenton, New Jersey, before it was decided for the Interstate to bypass Trenton to the north. A US 13 freeway was again proposed between I-95 near Bristol and Tullytown in 1969 but was ultimately cancelled. The route was shifted to use 43rd and 44th streets, Powelton Avenue, 34th Street, Girard Avenue, 33rd Street, Ridge Avenue, and Hunting Park Avenue in Philadelphia in the 1950s. US 13 was rerouted to use Church Lane and Baltimore Avenue between Yeadon and West Philadelphia in the 1960s. The route was shifted to its current alignment through Philadelphia the 1970s. US 13 was realigned through Chester in 2022, with US 13 Business (US 13 Bus.) designated onto the former alignment.
Route description
Delaware County
US 13 enters Pennsylvania from Delaware in the borough of Marcus Hook in Delaware County, heading northeast on four-lane undivided Post Road. From the state line, the route has a grade crossing with a railroad spur and passes through Sunoco's Marcus Hook Industrial Complex. The road narrows to two lanes and crosses a railroad spur at-grade serving the industrial complex before it heads into the commercial center of Marcus Hook as 10th Street, intersecting the southern terminus of PA 452. US 13 crosses Conrail Shared Assets Operations (CSAO)'s Linwood Track line at-grade and runs between residential areas to the north and industrial areas to the south before it heads across the Marcus Hook Creek into the borough of Trainer. The route becomes Post Road again and passes between homes and some businesses to the north and Delta Air Lines's Trainer Refinery to the south before it crosses Stoney Creek and reaches a junction with the western terminus of PA 291 and the southern terminus of US 13 Bus., where US 13 Bus. continues northeast along Post Road and US 13 turns southeast for a concurrency with PA 291 on two-lane undivided Price Street.
The road passes between homes to the northeast and industrial areas to the southwest. The two routes make a sharp curve to the northeast and become West 2nd Street, crossing into the city of Chester and running through urban residential and industrial areas. US 13/PA 291 continues northeast and becomes a five-lane road with a center left-turn lane as it passes more urban development and empty lots. The two routes come to ramps that provide access from the eastbound direction of US 322 and to the westbound direction of US 322 just northwest of where that route crosses the Delaware River on the Commodore Barry Bridge. The road passes under the western approach of the Commodore Barry Bridge carrying US 322. Following this, US 13/PA 291 passes more urban homes and businesses as it heads northwest of the Port of Chester along the Delaware River. The two routes split from West 2nd Street and continue northeast as an unnamed road, crossing Chester Creek before passing south of Chester's City Hall and north of the William Penn Landing Site. US 13/PA 291 intersects the southern terminus of PA 320 (Madison Street northbound and Upland Street southbound), at which point the road becomes East 4th Street. The road continues through commercial areas and US 13 splits from PA 291 by turning north onto two-lane undivided Morton Avenue. The road passes under Amtrak's Northeast Corridor railroad line and runs through urban areas, intersecting the northern terminus of US 13 Bus. at East 9th Street. US 13 continues through urban development, curving to the northeast.
US 13 crosses the Ridley Creek and forms the border between Ridley Township to the north and the borough of Eddystone to the south, widening to four lanes and becoming Chester Pike. The road passes a mix of homes and businesses before it comes to a bridge over Crum Creek, at which point it fully enters Ridley Township. The route passes under I-95 and continues past commercial development in the community of Crum Lynne, gaining a center left-turn lane. US 13 enters the borough of Ridley Park and passes under the Northeast Corridor near Crum Lynne station serving SEPTA's Wilmington/Newark Line before it heads into residential areas and intersects Stewart Avenue, which heads southeast to provide access to I-95. The route continues past suburban homes and businesses as a four-lane undivided road, passing to the southeast of Taylor Hospital. The road forms the border between Ridley Park to the north and Ridley Township to the south before it enters the borough of Prospect Park and comes to an intersection with PA 420. US 13 continues northeast through suburban areas and runs along the border between Prospect Park to the north and the borough of Norwood to the south before fully entering Norwood. The route crosses Muckinipattis Creek into the borough of Glenolden and passes under the Northeast Corridor again. The road runs past more homes and businesses and passes through a small section of the borough of Folcroft, where it crosses Hermesprota Creek, before crossing into the borough of Sharon Hill. There, US 13 passes south of Sharon Hill station which serves as the terminus of SEPTA Route 102 trolley line before continuing past more development. The road curves north at the point it crosses over a short tunnel carrying CSX Transportation's Philadelphia Subdivision railroad line and enters the borough of Collingdale, continuing to an intersection with MacDade Boulevard.
At this point, Chester Pike splits to the east and US 13 continues north along four-lane undivided MacDade Boulevard, crossing Darby Creek into the borough of Darby. The route passes to the west of the bus terminal at SEPTA's Darby Transportation Center and curves northeast at the Main Street intersection into urban neighborhoods, narrowing to two lanes. The road passes to the south of Holy Cross Cemetery, where it enters the borough of Yeadon, before it passes through more residential areas. US 13 turns north-northwest onto Church Lane and runs through more residential neighborhoods. The route comes to a bridge over SEPTA's Media/Wawa Line west of Fernwood–Yeadon station and crosses into Upper Darby Township, where it comes to an intersection with Baltimore Pike. Here, US 13 turns east onto Baltimore Pike and runs between Fernwood Cemetery to the north and urban residential and commercial development to the south. Farther east, the road passes through a corner of Yeadon.
Philadelphia County
US 13 crosses Cobbs Creek into the West Philadelphia section of the city of Philadelphia in Philadelphia County, where the name changes to Baltimore Avenue. Immediately after crossing the creek, the road comes to the Angora Loop at 61st Street, which serves as the terminus of SEPTA Route 34 trolley line. At this point, the trolley tracks follow Baltimore Avenue as it continues through urban neighborhoods consisting of rowhouses along with a few businesses. The road curves to the east, passing through more urban development and crossing a set of SEPTA trolley tracks at 42nd Street. The Route 34 trolley line splits from Baltimore Avenue at 40th Street, where it heads into a subway tunnel at the 40th Street Portal. The road heads into the University City neighborhood and becomes four lanes at the 39th Street/Woodland Avenue intersection, at which point it runs between the University of Pennsylvania campus to the north and the Philadelphia VA Medical Center to the south. A block later, Baltimore Avenue ends and US 13 turns north onto four-lane divided University Avenue. The route continues north through the university campus and becomes 38th Street as it reaches an intersection with Spruce Street, where a SEPTA trolley track begins to follow the northbound lanes of the road. The roadway intersects Walnut Street, which is one-way westbound and carries the westbound direction of PA 3. At this point, westbound PA 3 becomes concurrent with southbound US 13, and 38th Street continues north through commercial areas. The road crosses one-way Chestnut Street, which carries eastbound PA 3, before coming to the junction with two-way Market Street, where westbound PA 3 turns onto southbound US 13 from Market Street. US 13 continues to follow four-lane divided 38th Street north, with the SEPTA trolley track splitting west at Filbert Street. The road passes to the east of Penn Presbyterian Medical Center before it comes to an intersection with Powelton Avenue.
At this point, US 13 turns east onto two-lane undivided Powelton Avenue, which is city-maintained. The route crosses Lancaster Avenue, which carries the SEPTA Route 10 trolley line, and continues into residential areas. US 13 turns north and splits into a one-way pair, running along 33rd Street northbound and 34th Street southbound. The northbound direction carries one lane of traffic while the southbound direction carries two lanes of traffic. The route follows 33rd and 34th streets north through the Mantua neighborhood, passing homes and a few businesses. At Mantua Avenue, northbound US 13 turns northwest to rejoin the southbound direction on 34th Street. Upon rejoining, US 13 continues north on four-lane undivided 34th Street and comes to a bridge over several railroad tracks carrying Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and CSX Transportation's Harrisburg Subdivision railroad lines before running between the Philadelphia Zoo to the west and the Schuylkill Expressway (I-76/US 30) to the east. US 13 continues north to Girard Avenue, where it comes to interchange ramps with the Schuylkill Expressway. At this point, US 30 splits from the Schuylkill Expressway and heads west on Girard Avenue while US 13 turns east from 34th Street onto Girard Avenue, becoming state-maintained again. US 13 heads east along Girard Avenue, which carries four lanes of traffic and SEPTA Route 15 trolley line. The Girard Avenue Bridge carries the route over the Schuylkill Expressway, Martin Luther King Jr. Drive, the Schuylkill River Trail, the Schuylkill River, and Kelly Drive on the other side of the river. Past the bridge, the road enters Fairmount Park, and ramps provide access to Kelly Drive.
US 13 splits from Girard Avenue and turns north onto two-lane undivided 33rd Street. The route comes to bridges over CSX Transportation's Trenton Subdivision and the Northeast Corridor railroad lines before it runs between wooded Fairmount Park to the west and the urban Strawberry Mansion neighborhood to the east, intersecting Cecil B. Moore Avenue east of SEPTA's 33rd and Cecil B. Moore Bus Loop. The road passes to the east of East Park Reservoir before it heads west of SEPTA's 33rd and Dauphin Bus Loop and comes to Ridge Avenue. At this point, US 13 turns northwest onto four-lane undivided Ridge Avenue and continues between the park to the west and urban homes to the east before it runs between Laurel Hill Cemetery to the west and Mount Vernon Cemetery to the east. The route reaches an interchange with Hunting Park Avenue that provides access to Kelly Drive to the west, at which point the route splits from Ridge Avenue and heads northeast onto four-lane undivided Hunting Park Avenue. The road continues into North Philadelphia and heads into urban areas of homes, businesses, and industry, crossing Allegheny Avenue and passing northwest of Mercy Career & Technical High School before reaching bridges under SEPTA's Manayunk/Norristown and Chestnut Hill West lines. US 13 continues into the Nicetown–Tioga neighborhood and has a junction with Wissahickon Avenue before passing north of SEPTA's 23rd and Venango Bus Loop. Past here, the road intersects Erie Avenue before it crosses under the SEPTA Main Line. The route passes north of Simon Gratz High School Mastery Charter before it intersects Germantown Avenue and comes to a bridge over CSAO's Richmond Industrial Track line. Hunting Park Avenue splits to the east, at which point the route becomes Roosevelt Boulevard. US 13 follows Roosevelt Boulevard through commercial areas and crosses PA 611 (Broad Street), where left turns are prohibited; Hunting Park Avenue provides access from northbound US 13 to PA 611 while Bristol Street provides access from southbound US 13 to PA 611. After this, the route crosses Old York Road before it comes to an interchange with US 1 (Roosevelt Expressway) and merges onto the northbound direction of that route to the north of the Hunting Park neighborhood.
At this point, US 1 becomes concurrent with US 13 on Roosevelt Boulevard, a wide boulevard with local–express lanes that has 12 lanes total in a 3–3–3–3 configuration. Along the Roosevelt Boulevard, access between the inner and outer carriageways is provided with narrow crossover ramps immediately between them; for most intersections, left turns are only permitted from the inner pair (or from separate left turn roadways) and right turns only from the outer, and crossing between them is not permitted at the intersections. There are speed cameras along the boulevard and many intersections also have red light cameras. The boulevard continues past urban residential neighborhoods, coming to the 5th Street junction, where the local lanes intersect the street at-grade and the express lanes pass over the street on a bridge. US 1/US 13 continues east and passes through the Feltonville neighborhood, where it intersects Rising Sun Avenue, before it crosses the Tacony Creek. At this point, Roosevelt Boulevard continues into Northeast Philadelphia and curves to the southeast at an intersection with Adams and Whitaker avenues, passing between a shopping center to the northeast and Friends Hospital to the southwest. The boulevard curves to the northeast again at a junction with Adams Avenue and Summerdale Avenue, passing near rowhouses before reaching the Oxford Circle. At this point, the local lanes pass through the Oxford Circle, a traffic circle at Cheltenham Avenue, Castor Avenue, and the southern terminus of PA 232, which runs along Oxford Avenue. The express lanes pass under the Oxford Circle. Past the circle, Roosevelt Boulevard continues east-northeast through residential areas.
The road crosses Bustleton Avenue and US 13 splits from US 1 and the Roosevelt Boulevard by heading southeast on the one-way pair of Robbins Street northbound and Levick Street southbound, with Robbins Street carrying two lanes of one-way traffic and Levick Street carrying three lanes of one-way traffic. The route follows Robbins and Levick streets through residential neighborhoods, crossing Harbison Avenue before reaching Frankford Avenue. At this point, both directions of US 13 continue northeast on Frankford Avenue, a four-lane undivided road, while Robbins and Levick streets continue southeast towards the Tacony–Palmyra Bridge over the Delaware River. The road passes through business areas and heads into the Mayfair neighborhood, where it intersects PA 73 (Cottman Avenue). The route continues into the Holmesburg neighborhood and runs through more commercial areas, crossing Rhawn Street. US 13 passes under CSAO's Bustleton Industrial Track line and crosses Pennypack Creek in a wooded area within Pennypack Park on the Frankford Avenue Bridge, intersecting the Pennypack Trail after the bridge. After this, the route becomes a three-lane road with a center left-turn lane that passes a mix of homes and businesses in the Torresdale neighborhood, intersecting Academy Road. The road continues through developed areas and passes northwest of SEPTA's Gregg Street Bus Loop before it crosses Grant Avenue. From here, the route passes northwest of Holy Family University before heading past residential and commercial development and reaching an intersection with Knights Road, where SEPTA's Frankford and Knights Bus Loop is located south of the road.
Bucks County
US 13 crosses Poquessing Creek into Bensalem Township in Bucks County, where the name becomes Bristol Pike. The road runs northeast past suburban homes and businesses in the community of Andalusia before it widens into a divided highway in a commercial area and reaches a partial cloverleaf interchange with the PA 63 freeway (Woodhaven Road) a short distance northwest of I-95. Past this, the route gains a center left-turn lane and comes to an intersection with the southern terminus of PA 513. US 13 continues past a mix of residences and commercial establishments in the community of Cornwells Heights, passing northwest of Holy Ghost Preparatory School. Farther northeast, the road comes to a partial cloverleaf interchange with PA 132 immediately northwest of that route's eastern terminus at I-95. Following PA 132, US 13 continues past businesses immediately to the northwest of I-95. The route intersects Bensalem Boulevard and curves east to pass under I-95 before coming to a bridge over Neshaminy Creek. Upon crossing the creek, the road enters Bristol Township and heads into the community of Croydon, where it passes businesses and runs to the north of the Croydon station along SEPTA's Trenton Line that follows Amtrak's Northeast Corridor. US 13 continues east between residential neighborhoods to the north and the Northeast Corridor railroad tracks immediately to the south. Farther east, the road passes to the south of a cemetery before reaching a junction with PA 413.
Following this intersection, the route enters the borough of Bristol and widens into a four-lane divided highway with multiple intersections controlled by jughandles, heading northeast through business areas further from the railroad tracks and crossing Mill Creek. The road briefly passes through Bristol Township as it heads south of Silver Lake and curves northeast. US 13 continues through the northern part of the borough of Bristol, running through commercial areas and passing to the west of residential neighborhoods. The route reenters Bristol Township upon crossing Adams Hollow Creek and passes through commercial areas with some woods before coming to an intersection with a ramp that provides access to the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-95) at an interchange. Past this ramp, the road passes through commercial areas and crosses an East Penn Railroad line at-grade before passing under the Delaware River–Turnpike Toll Bridge which carries I-95 over the Delaware River. US 13 crosses the Delaware Canal and runs past more businesses. The route crosses into the borough of Tullytown and passes between the Levittown Town Center shopping center to the west and Levittown station serving SEPTA's Trenton Line on the adjacent Northeast Corridor to the east.
Bristol Pike splits off to the northeast and US 13 heads north as a freeway, forming the border between Tullytown to the west and Falls Township to the east. The freeway fully enters Falls Township and has an interchange with Mill Creek Road, with a northbound exit and entrance and a southbound exit at Mill Creek Road and the southbound entrance provided by Fallsington-Tullytown Road further south. Following this, the route passes between the planned residential suburb of Levittown to the west and Falls Township Community Park to the east. US 13 intersects Penn Valley Road at a diamond interchange before it heads northeast through woods, crossing Martins Creek, and comes to a cloverleaf interchange with Tyburn Road. The freeway curves north and has a partial cloverleaf interchange with Lower Morrisville Road before it passes over CSAO's Morrisville Line at the Morrisville Yard. After this, US 13 reaches its northern terminus at a partial cloverleaf interchange with the US 1 freeway to the west of the borough of Morrisville. Past this interchange, the freeway ends and the road continues north as Pine Grove Road, which is an unsigned quadrant route designated State Route 2071, toward Yardley.
History
The roadway between Marcus Hook and Morrisville via Philadelphia was originally part of the King's Highway, a colonial road named in honor of King Charles II of England. The King's Highway bridge over the Pennypack Creek in what is now Northeast Philadelphia was built in 1697 and is the oldest bridge in continuous use in the United States. During the reign of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, it was called the Queen's Highway. Published in 1940, the Pennsylvania Guide noted that, between Glenolden and Darby, "US-13 now occasionally coincides with the Queen's Highway, an important Colonial road. Impassibility was the rule rather than the exception on this link between the North and South, as it was on all early roads. As late as 1834, the mail coach had to be dragged through the mud by oxen."
After the British surrendered in the Siege of Yorktown in 1781, the road between Marcus Hook and Darby became known as the Great Southern Post Road as it served as a post road. This section of road has also been known as the Darby–Chester Road and Plank Road. In 1851, the roadway between Chester and Darby was chartered by the state as the Darby and Ridley Turnpike or the Chester Pike, a privately owned turnpike. The turnpike was a plank road with tolls collected at multiple toll houses along the route. In 1921, the state and Delaware County took over the turnpike with each paying $50,000 (equivalent to $ in ). Improvements to the road between Chester and Darby were completed on August 12, 1926. What is now Baltimore Pike and Baltimore Avenue was originally chartered as the Philadelphia, Brandywine, and New London Turnpike on March 24, 1808, later becoming known as the Delaware County Turnpike. On May 13, 1803, the Philadelphia, Frankford, and Bristol Turnpike was chartered. This turnpike ran between Front Street and Germantown Road in Northern Liberties and a ferry across the Delaware River in Morrisville via Frankford and Bristol. The Frankford and Bristol Turnpike was completed in July 1812. The Frankford and Bristol Turnpike was sold to the city of Philadelphia on July 1, 1892, with trolley service introduced in 1895. The trolley line along Frankford Avenue was replaced with trolleybusses in 1955, which is today SEPTA Route 66 service.
When the Sproul Road Bill was passed in 1911, the road between Chester and Philadelphia was legislated as part of Legislative Route 180 and as Legislative Route 150 between Philadelphia and Morrisville. With the creation of the U.S. Numbered Highway System in 1926, US 13 was designated through Pennsylvania from the Delaware border in Marcus Hook northeast to US 1/PA 1 at Bridge Street in Morrisville. The route followed Post Road between Marcus Hook and Chester, Chester Pike between Chester and Darby, and Main Street through Darby before it reached Philadelphia. This route effectively replaced part of the Capitol Trail, an auto trail connecting Philadelphia and Atlanta via Washington DC. US 13 passed through Philadelphia along Woodland Avenue, Market Street, Broad Street, Diamond Street, Front Street, Kensington Avenue, and Frankford Avenue. The route continued into Bucks County and followed Bristol Pike to Morrisville, where it headed north on Philadelphia Avenue and Pennsylvania Avenue to US 1. In Philadelphia, US 13 ran concurrent with US 1 on Woodland Avenue north of Baltimore Avenue, US 1 and US 30 on Market Street and Broad Street north to Vine and Race streets, and US 1 on Broad Street between Vine Street and Diamond Street. US 13 was originally designated concurrent with PA 91 between the Delaware border and Philadelphia and with PA 32 between Philadelphia and Morrisville, where that route continued north along the Delaware River. In 1928, the concurrent PA 91 and PA 32 designations were removed.
In the 1930s, US 13 was rerouted to a new alignment through Philadelphia. The route followed MacDade Boulevard between Darby and Yeadon, where it entered Philadelphia on Whitby Avenue and continued northeast to an intersection with US 1 (Baltimore Avenue). At this point, US 13 became concurrent with US 1 and the two routes followed Baltimore Avenue, 44th Street, Powelton Avenue, the one-way pair of 31st Street northbound and 32nd Street southbound, and Spring Garden Street to a junction with US 30 at Eakins Oval. The two routes ran east with US 30 on Spring Garden Street before turning north onto Broad Street toward North Philadelphia. US 1 and US 13 followed the Roosevelt Boulevard northeast as a bypass route, running concurrent with US 422 between Tabor Street and Levick Street. At Levick Street, US 13 and US 422 split from US 1 by heading southeast on Levick Street. US 13 split from US 422 by turning northeast onto Frankford Avenue, running concurrent with PA 73 between Levick Street and Cottman Avenue. In addition, a bypass route known as US 13 Bypass (US 13 Byp.) was created, bypassing the central part of Philadelphia to the north and west. By 1950, two bypass routes were designated for US 13 in Delaware County. The first US 13 Byp. bypassed the portion between Marcus Hook and Chester while the second US 13 Byp. served as a bypass of the portion of the route that followed Chester Pike between Chester and Darby.
US 13 was realigned to a new divided highway alignment of Bristol Pike between PA 413 in Bristol and Tullytown by 1950, having previously followed what is now Old Route 13, Pond Street, Farragut Avenue, Radcliffe Street, Main Street, and Fallsington Avenue between the two boroughs. In 1954, the US 13 freeway was built between Tyburn Road and US 1. A year later, the freeway was completed between Tullytown and Tyburn Road, at which point US 13 was rerouted to follow the freeway to US 1. The US 13 freeway was planned to be incorporated into I-95, which would head northeast from its current routing at PA 413 and continue along the US 13 alignment to US 1, where it would follow that route across the Delaware River on the Trenton–Morrisville Toll Bridge and through Trenton, New Jersey. However, this plan was opposed by New Jersey officials and I-95 was instead routed to bypass Trenton to the north, crossing the Delaware River on the Scudder Falls Bridge. Plans resurfaced for an extension of the US 13 freeway in 1969 that would run from I-95 at the PA 413 interchange northeast to the south end of the current freeway in Tullytown, interchanging with the Pennsylvania Turnpike. This freeway was projected to cost $12.5 million (equivalent to $ in ). This freeway, which would have provided a missing connection between I-95 and the turnpike, was never built because it would have impacted Silver Lake Park.
In the 1950s, US 13 was shifted in Philadelphia to run along the one-way pair of 43rd Street northbound and 44th Street southbound from Baltimore Avenue, Powelton Avenue, 34th Street, Girard Avenue (where it ran concurrent with US 30), 33rd Street, Ridge Avenue, and Hunting Park Avenue (where it ran concurrent with US 1) to Roosevelt Boulevard. The US 1 concurrency south of Hunting Park Avenue was removed, with US 1 shifted to an alignment further to the west concurrent with US 13 Byp. US 13 was also split into a one-way pair along Robbins and Levick streets. The concurrency with US 1 along Hunting Park Avenue was removed in the 1960s after that route was shifted to the Roosevelt Expressway; the PA 73 concurrency along Frankford Avenue was also removed. US 13 was also rerouted to use Church Lane and Baltimore Avenue between Yeadon and West Philadelphia instead of following MacDade Boulevard and Whitby Avenue. In the 1970s, US 13 was shifted to use 38th Street to travel between Baltimore and Powelton avenues.
In November 2020, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials approved a realignment of US 13 in Chester. US 13 was shifted at Trainer to follow the alignment of PA 291 along the Chester waterfront before following Morton Avenue. The former alignment of US 13 along Post Road, 4th Street, Highland Avenue, and 9th Street received the US 13 Bus. designation. The realignment was proposed to reduce traffic congestion in Chester and raise vertical clearances along US 13 through the city. Sign changes were completed on February 11, 2022.
Major intersections
See also
Special routes of U.S. Route 13
References
External links
Pennsylvania Highways: US 13
US 13 at AARoads.com
Pennsylvania Roads - US 13
The Roads Of Metro Philadelphia: US 13 Expressway-Pennsylvania
13
Pennsylvania
Transportation in Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Transportation in Philadelphia
Transportation in Bucks County, Pennsylvania |
The Man Who Loved Women can refer to:
The Man Who Loved Women, a 1968 novel by Ernest Borneman
The Man Who Loved Women (1977 film), a French film by François Truffaut
The Man Who Loved Women (1983 film), a remake of Truffaut's film by Blake Edwards |
The Jules Ferry Laws are a set of French laws which established free education in 1881, then mandatory and laic (secular) education in 1882. Jules Ferry, a lawyer holding the office of Minister of Public Instruction in the 1880s, is widely credited for creating the modern Republican school (l'école républicaine). The dual system of state and church schools that were largely staffed by religious officials was replaced by state schools and lay school teachers. The educational reforms enacted by Jules Ferry are often attributed to a broader anti-clerical campaign in France.
History
French education during the 19th century was marked by two distinct and segregated systems, the first being a secondary school system and the second a primary school system. However, in each of these systems, the Catholic Church provided an alternative to secular schooling that was often the only option for families in economically depressed regions of France.
Although the Republican party is often credited for inventing the concept of free primary school, it was, in fact, a series of progressive improvements since mid-century. For example, in 1698, it was decreed that children ages 7–14 were to attend local Catholic schools with certified instructors, which were also added to areas that previously had none. However, funds for these schools were to be provided by local residents, and it proved very difficult for these schools to afford to remain in practice. Overall, between 1837 (44 years before the Jules Ferry Laws were passed) and 1906, the number of schools had increased by more than 100%. In some areas, like Bretagne Ouest, it reached nearly 200% (197.2%).
The idea of national government support for popular education and teacher training first became apparent as an important social and political issue during the French Revolution of 1789. Prominent politicians, such as Talleyrand and Condorcet, each proposed a national system of education that would provide every citizen with basic primary education. With the intention of strengthening France's politics and armed forces, a growing concentration on higher education was later seen after the Revolution, notably from Napoleon I in his establishment of the Imperial University in 1804-8. Meanwhile, the Catholic Church still remained highly involved within primary education. The Guizot Laws passed in 1833 obliged all communes to open boys’ schools. The Falloux Laws of 15 March 1850 abolished teacher training programs for men which had been put in place by the Guizot Law. These laws created a mixed system in which some primary education establishments were public and controlled by the state and others were under the supervision of Catholic congregations. Although the concept of universal public schooling was important to these revolutionaries, it became clear that financial issues and political debate thwarted the implementation.
Philosophy
Despite the differences on economic, social, and other issues among the Republican radicals with whom Jules Ferry identified, they were united by the desire to obtain a secular republic due to the growing popularity of anti-clericalism since the Revolution and notably during the Third Republic. In the wake of the Industrial Revolution and its new practices of employment and work days, the radicals also "hoped that schooling would make workers as reasonable and self-satisfied as it was credited with making the bourgeoisie."
The 1698 attempt would not have held sway with the Republican radicals of Ferry's generation, who would have seen it as Catholic propaganda and as a defense against the growing popularity of Protestantism. Likewise, Napoleon's Imperial University remained connected to the Church and paid little heed to primary education that would ensure basic literacy needs among the larger population. In Ferry's view, schools would educate on political doctrine and the virtues of nationalism, emphasizing independent thought.
Members of Catholic orders were not allowed to teach in public schools after a five-year transitional period.
Laws of 1881
On 16 June 1881 the first set of Jules Ferry Laws were passed, making primary education free for both boys and girls. To finance of the project, the communes and departments had the responsibility to subsidize it. Additionally, the laws protected the wages of teachers by mandating that "salaries... may never under any circumstances become inferior to the salaries they have enjoyed during the three years preceding the application of the present law..." (Art. 6).
Laws of 1882
Article I
This article outlines what is to be included in a free, mandatory, and laic education system. The Act of 15 March 1850 referred to at the end of the article, is the Falloux Act.
Primary education includes:
The moral and civic education;
Reading and writing;
The language and elements of French literature;
Geography, particularly that of France;
History, particularly that of France to the present;
Basic lessons on law and political economy;
The elements of the natural sciences and mathematics, and their applications to agriculture, hygiene, industrial arts, handicrafts and use the tools of the principal occupations;
The elements of drawing, modeling and music;
Gymnastics;
For boys, military exercises;
For girls, needlework.
Article 23 of the Act of 15 March 1850 is repealed.
Article 2
This article regulates the option of a religious education, which differs between public and private institutions.
The public primary schools will hold one day free, apart from Sunday, allowing parents to give, if they wish, their children a religious education outside from school buildings. Religious education is optional in private schools.
Article 3
This article discusses further annulment of portions of the Falloux Laws regarding religious authority.
The measures of sections 18 and 44 of the Act of 15 March 1850 are repealed, in that they gave ministers of religion a right of inspection, supervision and management in public and private elementary schools and in the kindergartens (salle d’asile), as well as paragraph 2 of Article 31 of the Act, which gives consistories the right to present teacher candidates belonging to non-Catholic faiths.
Article 4
This article makes compulsory primary education and lays down the requirements of age and manner of instruction (whether they will be schooled in the home or at a public or private institution).
Primary education is compulsory for children of both sexes between the ages of six to thirteen years and may be given either in institutions of primary or secondary schools, in public or free schools, or in the home, by the father himself or anyone he chooses.
A regulation will determine the means of ensuring primary education for deaf, mute, and blind.
Article 5
This article explains the formation of school boards, national representation in Paris and Lyon, and the terms of office of the members. A stratification of responsibility begins to take shape: first, parents were to have the primary responsibility over the education of their children. Mayors, then, as presidents of the local school boards, were to oversee that parents followed through with this responsibility. To oversee the school board, therefore, was the central government (see Article 7 below). This now removes church officials from these positions.
A municipal school board is established in each commune to monitor and encourage school attendance. It consists of the mayor, president; a cantonal delegate and, in common with several townships, as many delegates as there are townships, designated by the school inspector; with members appointed by the department council in equal numbers, at most, to one third of the members of this council.
In Paris and Lyon, there is a school board for each municipal district. It is chaired, in Paris, by the mayor, in Lyon, by assistants; it is composed of one delegate appointed by the cantonal inspector of schools, with members appointed by the council, numbering three to seven by each district.
The term of office of members of the school board, appointed by the council under the second paragraph, lasts until the election of a new municipal council.
Their terms will always renewable.
The primary inspector is ex officio member of all school boards established within his jurisdiction.
Article 6
This article discusses the graduation of students after they have completed the appropriate amount of primary education, determined by a public examination.
There shall be established a certificate of primary studies; it is awarded after a public examination which may be presented to children beginning from the age of eleven. Those who, from that age, have obtained the certificate of primary studies, will be exempt from remaining compulsory school time.
Article 7
This article discusses the compulsory requirements of the parents or guardians of each child in procuring an education, whether private or public.
The father, guardian, person having custody of the child, the boss with whom the child is placed, shall, at least fifteen days before the time classes begin, advise the mayor of the town if the child is to be given education in the family or in a public or private school; in the latter two cases, he will indicate the chosen school.
The families living near to two or more public schools have the option to enroll their children in either of these schools, whether within or outside the territory of their commune, unless they already have the maximum number of students permitted by the regulations.
In case of dispute, and by request of either the mayor or the parents, the department council rules as the last resort.
Article 8
This article discusses further requirements of the parents or guardians in maintaining their child’s attendance, regulated by the student records kept by the municipal school boards.
Each year the mayor shall prepare, in consultation with the municipal school board, the list of all children aged between six and thirteen years and is to notify those persons who are responsible for these children at the time classes begin.
Failure to register, fifteen days before the beginning of school, on the part of parents and other responsible persons, allows him to automatically register the child in a public school and notify the person responsible.
Eight days before classes begin, he gives to the directors of public and private schools the list of children who will attend their schools.
A duplicate of these lists is sent by him to the primary inspector.
Article 9
This article discusses the procedures for changing schools and/or the manner in which education is received.
When a child leaves school, parents or persons responsible must immediately give notice to the mayor and indicate how the child will receive instruction in the future.
The school inspector invites those responsible for the child to comply with the law and makes them aware of the provisions of Article 12 below.
Article 10
This article outlines policy regarding school absences.
When a child misses school temporarily, parents or persons responsible should inform the director or the directress the reasons for this absence.
The directors and directresses must keep a register of attendance that notes, for each class, the absences of the students. At the end of each month, they will address to the mayor and the primary inspector a copy of the register, indicating the number of absences and reasons.
The reasons for absence will be submitted to the school board. The only known legitimate reasons are: child's illness, death of a family member, incapacity resulting from accidental difficulty of communications. The exceptional circumstances invoked will be taken into consideration by the school board.
Article 11
This article discusses penalties against a school director in the failure to abide by the preceding article.
Any private school director who will have not complied with the requirements of the preceding article shall, on the report of the school board and primary inspector, remand to the county council.
The county council may impose the following penalties: 1) warning; 2) censorship; 3) suspension for not more than one month and in case of recurrence in the school year, for not more than three months.
Article 12
This article discusses the parent or guardian’s duty in the situation of excessive absences of their child.
When a child is absent from school four times a month for at least half a day without justification accepted by the school board, the father, guardian or responsible person will be invited at least three days in advance to appear in the municipal hall, before the National Commission, which will remind him the text of the law and explain his duty.
In case of failure to appear without accepted justification, the school board will apply the penalty set out in the following article.
Article 13
This article discusses repeated occurrences of the preceding offenses.
In cases of recurrence within twelve months after the first offense, the municipal school board shall order the posting for fifteen days or a month, at the door of city hall, the surnames, first names, and qualifications of the person responsible, stating the offense made out against the person.
The same shall apply to persons who have not complied with the requirements of Article 9.
Article 14
This article discusses, in further offense of excessive absence, legal proceedings to be administered.
In case of further offense, the school board, or, in its stead, the inspector, should address a complaint to the justice of the peace.
The offense will be considered as a contravention resulting in penalties by the police in accordance with Articles 479, 480 and the following of the Penal Code.
Section 463 of the same code is applicable.
Article 15
This article discusses the procedures for excusing a child’s absence, including the case of a child’s industrial or agricultural labor.
The school board may grant to children living with their parents or guardians, when they make a reasoned request, exemptions from school attendance that may not exceed three months per year except holidays.
These exemptions should, if they exceed fifteen days, be subject to the approval of the primary inspector.
These provisions do not apply to children who accompany their parents or guardians when they absent themselves temporarily from the town.
In this case, a notice given verbally or in writing to the mayor or the teacher will suffice.
The school board may also, with the approval of the department council, exempt children employed in industry, once arrived at the age of apprenticeship, of one of the two classes of the day; the same opportunity will be given to all children employed, outside their families, in agriculture.
Article 16
This article discusses the assessment of students instructed by their families through public examinations.
Children who receive instruction in the family, must, each year, by the end of the second year of compulsory education, take an examination which will focus on matters of education for their age in public schools according to the following forms and programs that will be determined by ministerial orders made in the High Council.
The Examination Board shall consist of: the primary inspector or his delegate, president; a cantonal delegate; a person holding a university degree or a certificate of competency; the judges will be selected by the school inspector.
In examining the girls, the certificated person shall be a woman.
If examination of the child is considered inadequate and no excuse is accepted by the jury, parents are required to send their child to a public or private school within a week of notification or to inform the mayor what school they have chosen.
In failure of reporting, registration will take place automatically, as stated in Article 8.
Article 17
This article addresses school funding provided by the laws passed on 10 April 1867 by Victor Duruy.
The school fund, established by Article 15 of the Act of 10 April 1867, will be established in all communes.
In communes where the subsidy does not exceed 30 francs, the fund will be entitled, on the appropriation for this purpose at the Ministry of Education, a grant at least equal to the amount of municipal subsidies.
The distribution of relief will be under the responsibility of the school board.
Article 18
This article addresses the results of the failure of a school or schools within a commune to comply with Article 4; mandating compulsory primary education.
Ministerial orders, made at the request of the school inspectors and department councils, will determine each year the commune where, as a result of inadequate school facilities, the requirements of Articles 4 and following the obligation could not be enforced.
An annual report, sent to the Congress by the Minister of Education, will give the list of communes to which this section has been applied.
See also
Jules Ferry
First Schools' War - an attempt to introduce secular education in Belgium in 1879
Education in France
History of education in France
Guizot Act (1833)
Falloux Act (1850)
French Third Republic (1871–1940)
Secular education
Kulturkampf
Notes
Education in France
Education law
Education policy in France
French Third Republic
Secularism in France
1881 in law
1882 in law
1881 in France
1882 in France
1881 in education
1882 in education
History of education in France |
The history of FC Basel spans the period from 1893 to the present day. Due to the size, it has been divided into five sections. This page chronicles the history of FCB in detail for the years from 1965 to 2000, from Helmut Benthaus, then through seven years of second tier football, to a new football stadium. For detail on the other individual periods of the club's history, see the following articles:
History of FC Basel (1893–1918)
History of FC Basel (1918–1939)
History of FC Basel (1939–1965)
History of FC Basel (2000–present)
The era Benthaus
Seventy-third, player-manager
Lucien Schmidlin was club chairman for the fourth consecutive year. To the beginning of the season Helmut Benthaus transferred in from 1. FC Köln and became player-coach. He replaced Jiří Sobotka as team manager, who went on to manage the Swiss national team. Benthaus was a graduate of the German Sport University Cologne and an experienced player trainer. Two seasons earlier Benthaus had won the 1963–64 Bundesliga as player-manager with Köln. Benthaus used his first season with Basel to observe, feel and classify. One of the biggest changes that he made, with the agreement of the board of directors, was to introduce semi-professionalism. There were only a few minor changes to the squad, Rade Ognjanović transferred to Grenchen and Heinz Sartor transferred to Offenburger FV. Three players stepped back from Nationalliga A football, Carlo Porlezza, Mario Grava and Fernando Von Krannichfeldt went to play for the reserve team. As replacements three youngsters came from the youth team and three more from the reserve team.
Fourteen teams contested the 1965–66 Nationalliga A. Basel finished the season in sixth position with 27 points. They ended the championship with ten wins, seven draws and nine defeats in their 26 matches. In the Swiss Cup Basel started in the round of 32 on 7 November 1965, with a home win against Biel-Bienne. In the next round they played at home against Luzern with a 3–1 win. In the next round they were drawn away in the Wankdorf Stadium, Bern, against Young Boys. This ended in a 2–1 victory. In the semi-final they were drawn at home against Servette but were defeated 1–3. Zürich won the final and completed the double.
In the 1965–66 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Basel were drawn against Spanish team Valencia, but were beaten twice. In the Cup of the Alps Basel were drawn in the same group as Catania, S.S.C. Napoli, Juventus and Spal Ferrara. All four games ended in a defeat.
Seventy-fourth, the double
Harry Thommen took over as club chairman at the AGM from Lucien Schmidlin who stood down to become vice-chairman. During this season Helmut Benthaus was the club player-manager for the second consecutive season and there were only a few minor changes in the squad. In the 1966–67 season, Benthaus achieved his first league championship with Basel. There were 14 teams contesting in the championship, and Basel finished just one point clear of FC Zürich. Basel won 16 of the 26 games, drawing eight, losing only twice and they scored 60 goals conceding just 20. Roberto Frigerio was the team's top goal scorer with 16 league goals, while Helmut Hauser was second-best with 14. In the highest scoring game of the season, a 10–0 win against FC Moutier Roberto 'Mucho' Frigerio managed to score four goals.
In the Swiss Cup Basel started in the round of 32 with a 6–0 home win against Blue Stars and in the round of 16, also a home match, they beat FC Zürich 3–2. In the Quarter-final Basel won the replay against Biel-Bienne 2–1 to qualify for the semi-finals. Basel played an away match in the Stadio Cornaredo against FC Lugano in the semi-final which ended goalless and therefore a replay was required here too. The replay was played in the St. Jakob Stadium and goals from Karl Odermatt and Helmut Benthaus gave Basel a 2–1 victory to qualify for the final which was to take place three days later. In the Cup final Basel's opponents were Lausanne-Sports. In the former Wankdorf Stadium on 15 May 1967, Helmut Hauser scored the decisive goal via penalty. The game went down in football history due to the sit-down strike that followed this goal. After 88 minutes of play, with the score at 1–1, referee Karl Göppel awarded Basel a controversial penalty. André Grobéty had pushed Hauser gently in the back and he let himself drop theatrically. Subsequent to the 2–1 for Basel the Lausanne players refused to resume the game and they sat down demonstratively on the pitch. The referee had to abandon the match. Basel were awarded the cup with a 3–0 forfait.
Basel had won the double for the first time in the club's history.
In the first round of the 1966–67 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Basel were drawn against VV DOS Utrecht. The first leg was played in the Netherlands and ended in a 2–1 defeat, despite an early lead. In the return leg Basel led 2–0 but VV DOS were able to equalise and therefore won 4–3 on aggregate.
Seventy-fifth season
The Chairman of the club's board was Harry Thommen for the second consecutive year. Helmut Benthaus was the club player-manager for the third consecutive season. He and his team were the defending league champions. There were no big amendments to the squad, one reserve goalkeeper left and one reserve goalkeeper advanced to them and defender Manfred Schädler joined from local club FC Birsfelden and striker Dieter Rüefli joined from Winterthur. Basel played a total of 42 matches in this season. 26 of these games were in the domestic league, two were in the Swiss Cup, two were in the European Cup, five were in the Cup of the Alps and seven were friendly matches. Of these seven test games five were won and two ended with a draw.
Again there were 14 teams contesting in the 1967–68 Nationalliga A. Basel, as reigning champions, played a mediocre season. Although they were within reach of the table top all the time, they messed everything up towards the end of the season as they lost five games out of seven. Basel won 13 of the league 26 games, drawing five, losing eight times, and they scored 49 goals conceding 33. Therefore they finished the season in fifth position. They were seven points behind the trio Zürich, Grasshopper Club and Lugano who all ended the season with 38 points. These three team then had to play a championship play-off round and Zürich won both games and became champions. In the Swiss Cup Basel started in the round of 32 with a home match against lower classed FC Le Locle. But the game had to go into overtime. After Le Locle took the lead just after half time break, Roberto Frigerio netted the equaliser shortly before the end. In the overtime player-manager Helmut Benthaus managed the winning goal. In the next round Basel played an away game against FC Zürich, but were defeated 0–1 and this campaign was ended very quickly.
As reigning champions Basel were qualified for the 1967–68 European Cup. In the first round they were drawn against Danish team Hvidovre. The first leg was in the St. Jakob Stadium. Despite an early lead scored by Helmut Hauser, the Danes turned the game and won. In the return leg in stadium Idrætsparken in Copenhagen, Hauser again scored the early lead. Again the Dames turned the match and shortly after half time went into a 3–1 lead. This time Basel were fighting against the defeat and drew level at 3–3 but could not manage to score a winning goal, which would have put them through to the next round.
Seventy-sixth, third league title
Harry Thommen was the club's chairman of the board for the third consecutive season and Helmut Benthaus was the club's player-manager for the fourth consecutive season. Paul Fischli joined the team coming from Young Fellows Zürich. Jürgen Sundermann signed in from Servette and Walter Balmer joined from Thun. In the other direction Hanspeter Stocker left the club after eight years and moved to Baden for his last season before retiring from his active football career. Markus Pfirter left the club after seven years and went on to St. Gallen. Roberto Frigerio also left the club after a total of seven years and he moved on to Bellinzona. Moscatelli left after five years and went to Lugano.
Basel played a total of 52 matches in this season. 26 of these games were in the domestic league, three were in the Swiss Cup, five were in the Cup of the Alps, two were in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and 15 were friendly matches. Of these 15 test games 12 were won and two ended with a draw and one ended in a defeat. Seven were played at home and eight played away. There were 14 teams contesting in the 1968–69 Nationalliga A. Basel finished the league season as champions one point ahead of Lausanne Sports in second position, who they defeated 4–0 in the second last match of the season, and six points clear of FC Zürich who finished third. Basel won 13 of the 26 games, drawing ten, losing three times, they scored 48 goals conceding 28.
In the Swiss Cup Basel started in the round of 32 with a 2–1 away win against Thun and in the round of 16, with a home match, they beat Luzern 3–1. In the Quarter-final Basel played an away game against Servette but lost this 1–0. In the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Basel were drawn against Bologna the first leg away from home on 18 September the return leg in Basel on 2 October. Bologna won both games. In the 1968 Cup of the Alps the team managed to win the group and played in the final against FC Schalke 04 but were defeated 1–3 after extra time.
Seventy-seventh, consecutive league title
Harry Thommen was the club's chairman for the fourth consecutive season and Helmut Benthaus was player-manager for the fifth consecutive season. The championship title from the previous season meant that Basel could embark on another European adventure, but again they failed to overcome the first hurdle; this time it was Celtic of Scotland. The first leg, which played on 17 September 1969 in the St. Jakob Stadium in front of 37,587 spectators, ended in a goalless draw. The return leg on 1 October in Celtic Park attracted 49,976 spectators. Celtic won the game 2–0 and advanced to the next round.
Nationally in the 1969–70 season, Basel won the league for the fourth time. They played a good season. Despite a bad run with four defeats in eight games between the end of September and the beginning of December, they won 11 of the last 14 games during the second half of the season. Basel won the championship a point clear of Lausanne Sports who ended in second position and three points ahead of FC Zürich who finished third. Basel won 15 of the 26 games, drawing seven, losing four times.
On 14 September 1969 Basel started in the Swiss Cup in the round of 32 with a 10–0 home win against Minerva Bern (as result of merger later renamed Breitenrain Bern). In the round of 16 played on 12 October Basel had a home match against Grenchen which was won 3–2. In the quarter-final, played in November, Basel had a two legged tie against Xamax-Sports NE (later renamed Neuchâtel Xamax). This was won 7–2 on aggregate. The semi-final was also a two legged tie and this against Servette Genève. Basel won both legs and 6–1 on aggregate. The final was played on 18 May 1970 in the Wankdorf Stadium, but was lost against Zürich after extra time.
Seventy-eighth, defeated in the play-off
Félix Musfeld was the club's new chairman. Helmut Benthaus was player-manager for the sixth consecutive season. There were only very few changes in the squad. Bruno Michaud retired from active football after winning his third championship title. He had played 14 seasons with Basel. During his time with Basel Michaud played a total of 355 competitive games and scored 22 goals. Dieter Rüefli moved on to play for St. Gallen and Janos Konrad moved on to Vevey-Sports. In the other direction Edoardo Manzoni joined the squad on loan from Xamax. Benthaus did not want any other transfers and relied on young players who came up from the reserve team to help, when needed in the first team. Basel played a total of 55 matches during this season. 27 of these games were in the domestic league including the play-off for the championship. Three of these games were in the Swiss Cup, four were in the European Cup, five were in the Cup of the Alps and 16 were friendly matches. Of these 16 test games 13 were won and three were drawn.
Basel won 18 of their 26 league games, drawing six, losing just twice, they scored 67 goals conceding 26. They finished the regular season level on points with Grasshopper Club Zürich and so these two teams had to contest a play-off game on 8 June 1971 to decide the title winners. Grasshopper won the play-off 4–3 after extra time.
On 1 November 1969 Basel started in the Swiss Cup in the round of 32 with a 5–1 home win against CS Chênois. In the round of 16 played on 29 November Basel had a home match against Bellinzona which was won 2–0. In the quarter-final, played on 28 February 1971, Basel had an away tie against Mendrisiostar (after club merger later renamed FC Mendrisio-Stabio). However, this was lost 0–2 after extra time. Servette won the cup competition at the end of the season.
In the European Cup Basel were drawn against Spartak Moscow. The first leg, which was played on 16 September 1970 away from home, was lost 2–3 with Odermatt and Benthaus scoring for the guests during the last 12 minutes, after they had gone three down with just a quarter of an hour left to play. In the second leg played in the St. Jakob Stadium Basel won 2–1, the goals being scored by Siegenthaler und Walter Balmer. Thus the tie ended 4–4 on aggregate. Basel won on away goals and advanced to the second round. Here they were drawn against Ajax, first away from home, but they suffered a 0–3 defeat. The second leg at home also ended with a defeat, 1–2, despite the fact that Odermatt put Basel one up with a penalty after 36 minutes.
In the 1970 Cup of the Alps Basel were in the Swiss Group together with Lugano, Young Boys and Zürich.
They played against each of the four Italian teams Fiorentina, Lazio, Sampdoria and Bari. Basel won the Swiss group and in the final they faced and beat Fiorentina 3–2.
Seventy-ninth, fifth championship title
The club's chairman was Félix Musfeld for the second year in a row. Helmut Benthaus was again player-manager, but toward the end of his playing career Benthaus stood on the side line as team manager and he only substituted himself into the game if it was not running as he wanted it. In this season Benthaus substituted himself in during just one single game. This being the second last home match of the season on 27 May against Luzern. Benthaus retired from playing in at the end of the season aged 36. He made only minor adjustments to his squad at the beginning of the season, Rolf Blättler joined from Lugano, René Hasler from Zürich and youngster Ottmar Hitzfeld was brought in from FV Lörrach from the lower German league.
Basel remained undefeated in the league during the first 24 rounds. Of their 26 league games Basel won 18, drawing seven, losing just once, scoring 66 goals conceding 28. Basel won the championship four points ahead of Zürich and five points ahead of the Grasshoppers. Ottmar Hitzfeld was Basel's top league goal scorer with 16 league goals
For Basel the Swiss Cup started in the round of 32 on 24 October 1971 with a 3–1 home win against Monthey. On 21 November in the round of 16 Basel played away from home against La Chaux-de-Fonds. The match resulted with a 3–0 success. The quarter-final was played on 12 March 1972 in Zürich against Grasshopper-Club. The tie ended with a 1–1 draw and this meant a replay three days later. Basel won the replay 3–2 and continued onto the semi-finals against BSC Young Boys. In the Wankdorf Stadium on 3 April Karl Odermatt and Walter Balmer each scored a goal to give Basel a 2–0 victory. The final was played on 22 May 1970 also in the Wankdorf Stadium but Basel were defeated 0–1 by Zürich through a goal by Jeandupeux in extra time of the first half.
The 1971–72 UEFA Cup was the inaugural year of the UEFA Cup (now known as the UEFA Europa League), which effectively replaced the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. In the first round Basel were drawn against Real Madrid. The first leg, which played on 15 September 1971 in the St. Jakob Stadium attracted 32'059 spectators but ended for Basel with a 1–2 defeat. Madrid won thanks to goals from Francisco Aguilar and Santillana, who turned the result around after the Swiss scored the opener through René Hasler. The return leg on 29 September in Santiago Bernabéu Stadium was watched by 61'861 spectators and also ended with the same result. The same two Spanish international players were the heroes once again, each scoring a goal, to ensure Real Madrid their passage to the next round.
Eightieth, double with Swiss League Cup
The 1972–73 season was Benthaus' eighth season as manager. There were only small amendments to the squad during the pre-season. Roland Paolucci was loaned out to Winterthur and Stefan Reisch left the team and moved on to Kickers Würzburg where he ended his active playing career. Basel did not transfer any players in, because Benthaus relied on the young players who came up from the reserve team to help, when needed in the first team. Basel played a total of 55 matches during this season. 26 of these games were in the domestic league championship, seven of these games were in the Swiss Cup, four in the Swiss League Cup, two were in the European Cup, four were in the Cup of the Alps and 12 were friendly matches. Of these 12 test games four were won, four were drawn and four were lost.
Basel started the league season badly, losing the first two games and drawing the next two. The first victory was recorded in the fifth round and during the next nine rounds Basel won eight games. After the winter break Basel were only defeated once. They won the championship four points ahead of Grasshopper Club and six ahead of the Sion. Basel won 17 of their 26 league games, drew five and lost four. Ottmar Hitzfeld was the leagues joint top goal scorer with 18 league goals.
In the Swiss Cup Basel played the round of 32 on 5 November 1972 at home to Martigny-Sports in the St. Jakob Stadium. The round of 16 match on 26 November 1972 was played away against BSC Young Boys and Basel left the Wankdorf Stadium with a 4–0 victory. The quarter-finals were two legged fixtures, the first leg played on 10 December 1972 in Stadio Comunale was won 2–0 against Chiasso and the second leg played one week later was won 5–3. The semi-finals were also two legged fixtures. Basel were matched against Biel-Bienne and won 6–1 on aggregate. Walter Balmer scored a hattrick in the home game. The final was played on 23 April 1973 in the Wankdorf Stadium against Zürich. The game ended goalless after 90 minutes. In extra time Peter Marti (92) and Fritz Künzli (101) scored the goals to give Zürich the title for the second consecutive time in a final against Basel.
The 1972 Swiss League Cup was the inaugural Swiss League Cup competition. It was played in the summer of 1972 as a pre-season tournament to the 1972–73 Swiss football season. Basel beat Servette 8–0, Lausanne Sports 2–1 aet and Sion 6–1 to reach the final. This was won by Basel who defeated FC Winterthur 4–1 in the final which took place on 11 November 1972 at the Letzigrund in Zürich. Ottmar Hitzfeld scored a hattick in the final.
Basel were beaten by Újpesti Dózsa 2–0 in the first leg of the first round of the 1972–73 European Cup away from home in the Ferenc Szusza Stadium. The return match was on 27 September 1972 in St. Jakob Stadium. Basel won 3–2, the goals coming from René Hasler (65) and Walter Balmer (75 + 83), but they were beaten 4–3 on aggregate. In the 1972 Cup of the Alps Basel played twice against Olympique Lyonnais, losing the away tie, winning at home game. They played twice against Bordeaux, winning the away game but losing the home game, but because Bordeaux won their other two games they continued to the final.
Eighty-first season
The club's chairman was Félix Musfeld for the fourth season in a row and this was the ninth season with Helmut Benthaus as first team manager. To the beginning of the season Urs Siegenthaler moved on to play for Xamax and Rolf Riner left to play for Servette. In the other direction Rudolf Wampfler joined from Sion, Arthur von Wartburg joined from Concordia Basel and Roland Paolucci returned from his loan to Winterthur. But the most notorious transfer was that of Teófilo Cubillas from Alianza Lima. However, Cubillas only remained at the club for six months, which was not long enough for him to show the extent of his talent. Basel played a total of 54 games in their 1973–74 season. 26 in the domestic league, four in the Swiss Cup, one in the Swiss League Cup, six in the European Cup and 17 were friendly matches.
Zürich won the championship 12 points ahead of Grasshopper Club, 13 ahead of the Servette and FC Winterthur. Basel finished in fifth position and were 16 points behind the new champions. Basel won 13 of their 26 league games, drew three and lost ten games. Basel's striker Ottmar Hitzfeld was the team's top goal scorer, with 19 league goals he was third in the league ranking behind Daniel Jeandupeux (22) and Walter Müller (21). In the Swiss Cup Basel played the round of 32 on 22 September 1973 away against Biel-Bienne in the Gurzelen Stadion and won 2–1. In the round of 16 on 6 October 1973 they played away again against Mendrisiostar and won 4–1. In this game Cubillas scored two goals. The quarter-final was a two legged fixtures. The first leg played on 31 October 1973 in Stade Tourbillon was a 1–0 defeat against Sion. The second leg played on 4 November 1973 in the St. Jakob Stadium ended in a 2–2 draw, thus Sion won 3–2 on aggregate. In the 1973 Swiss League Cup Basel were drawn with an away game against Neuchâtel Xamax in the first round and were eliminated.
As reigning Swiss Champions, Basel were qualified for the 1973–74 European Cup. In the first round, drawn against Iceland's champions Fram, Basel won with the aggregate score 11–2. In the second round they were drawn against Club Brugge. In the exiting second leg Basel won 6–4 and thus 7–6 on aggregate. In the quarter-final Basel won the first leg against Celtic 3–2 and in the second leg Celtic won by the same score. During extra time Scottish international Steve Murray scored the decisive goal in the 114th minute. Celtic continued to the semi-final but did not reach the final.
Eighty-second, fifth Swiss Cup
Félix Musfeld was club chairman for the fifth consecutive period and Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the tenth consecutive season. There were a few amendments to the team. Josef Kiefer, now coming to the end of his active career, went on to play for FC Breitenbach. Kiefer had been with the club for 12 seasons. Between the years 1962 and 1974 he had played a total of 355 games for Basel, 170 of these games were in the domestic league. He had won the championship five times and the Swiss Cup once. A number of other players also left the club, Teófilo Cubillas went on to Porto, Rudolf Wampfler to Fribourg, Peter Wenger went on to Nordstern Basel and Felix Tschudin moved on to local club SC Binningen. In an inwards directions Fritz Wirth joined on loan from Grenchen, Roland Schönenberger signed from Wangen bei Olten and Danish international Eigil Nielsen signed from Winterthur. Basel played a total of 51 games in their 1974–75 season. 26 in the domestic league, seven in the Swiss Cup, four in the Swiss League Cup, five in the Cup of the Alps and nine were friendly matches.
Zürich won the championship six points ahead of both BSC Young Boys who were second and Grasshopper Club who were third. Basel finished in fourth position with 31 points. They won 11 of their 26 league games, drew nine and lost six games. They scored a total of 49 goals conceding 33. Ottmar Hitzfeld was the team's top goal scorer with 13 league goals. The poor results in this and the two previous seasons were now also being reflected in the match attendances. Where as in the 1971–72 season each but one match had attracted more than 10,000 spectators, this season only two games were attended by more than 10,000 people. The average number of spectators had halved within just three years.
In the 50th Swiss Cup tournament Basel played the round of 32 on 21 September 1974 away against Chiasso in the Stadio Comunale and in the round 16 away against Zürich in the Letzigrund. The quarter-finals were two legged fixtures. Basel played the first leg on 30 October 1974 away in Stade de la Fontenette and the return leg on 3 November 1974 in the St. Jakob Stadium against Étoile Carouge. Both games ended with a 2–1 victory and so Basel qualified 4–2 on aggregate for the next round. The semi-finals were played in March against Chênois and was also a two legged fixture. In the first leg, played in Stade des Trois-Chêne, Basel achieved a 4–1 victory and the second leg ended with a 2–1 victory. The final was played on 31 March 1975 in the Wankdorf Stadium in Bern against Winterthur. Otto Demarmels scored the opening goal for Basel, E. Meyer equalised and so the game went into extra time. Walter Balmer scored the winning goal for Basel after 115 minutes. Basel were Swiss Cup winners for the fifth time in the club's history.
The Swiss League Cup ended for Basel in the semi-final as they lost 1–3 at home against Grasshopper Club.
Eighty-third season
Félix Musfeld was club chairman for the sixth consecutive period. Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the eleventh consecutive season. There were a number of changes in the team during the pre-season. Goalkeeper Marcel Kunz would have liked to have stayed for another season, but his contract was not prolonged, so he moved on to Nordstern Basel one tier lower for one season before he retired from active football. Karl Odermatt would have stayed with the club, but the board of directors refused to pay the desired wages, so he moved to Young Boys. After four seasons with the club Ottmar Hitzfeld moved on to VfB Stuttgart, for him this was a large step forward in his career. Walter Balmer retired from active football, he had been with Basel seven seasons. Roland Paolucci was also reaching the end of his career, but he decided to add another season with Nordstern Basel. In the other direction Swiss international Peter Marti signed in from Swiss champions Zürich, Serge Muhmenthaler signed in from Young Boys and Walter Geisser joined from local club Nordstern Basel who played one tier lower. As seen in the previous years Benthaus relied on young players who came up from the reserve team to help, when needed in the first team.
Basel played a total of 56 games in their 1975–76 season. 26 in the domestic league, seven in the Swiss Cup, two in the Swiss League Cup, four in the Cup of the Alps, five in the Cup of the Alps, two in the 1975–76 European Cup Winners' Cup and 17 were friendly matches. Basel won six friendly games, drew six and lost five. In the Cup of the Alps Basel were in a group with Stade de Reims, Olympique Lyonnais and Lausanne-Sport. Two wins and two draws were enough for Basel to qualify for the final. But here they faced Servette in the Charmilles Stadium and lost 0–3. Basel played a good domestic league season, but reigning champions Zürich ran away with the title. Zürich won the championship with 44 points, five points clear of second placed Servette and ten points clear of third placed Basel.
As cup winners in the previous season, Basel were qualified for the European Cup Winners' Cup. In the first round of the 1975–76 European Cup Winners' Cup Basel were drawn against Spanisch Cup 1974–75 runners-up Atlético Madrid. Atlético had been beaten in the final by Real Madrid 3–4 after a penalty shoot out, but because Real became Spanish champions they thus entered the 1975–76 European Cup and Atlético competed in this competition as runners-up. The 1st leg was played in St. Jakob Stadium in front of 33,000 spectators and Basel took an early lead through Roland Schönenberger in the third minute. But a double strike from José Eulogio Gárate and Rubén Ayala in the 65th and 68th minute turned the game and Basel were defeated 2–3. In the return leg in Vicente Calderón Stadium, with over 25,000 spectators, Heraldo Bezerra put Atlético in the lead in the 74th minute, Otto Demarmels leveled the score, but this was not enough to stop Atlético advancing to the next round.
Basel started in the Swiss Cup tournament in the round of 32 on 25 September 1975 away against lower tier Grenchen and won this game 2–0 to qualify for the round of 16. Here they were drawn away against Young Boys and here the competition came to an end because they were defeated 1–3. In the Swiss League Cup Basel started in the round of 32 on 9 August away against St. Gallen and won 4–1. In the round of 16 Basel played away against second tier Young Fellows Zürich and won this easily 8–1. Lower tier Grenchen were drawn as hosts for the quarter-finals and Basel won this easily as well 6–2. Basel were drawn as hosts in the semi-final against Young Boys. There was no revenge for the defeat in the Swiss Cup earlier this season because YB won this clash as well, in overtime 3–5.
Eighty-fourth, seventh championship
René Theler was voted as new chairman at the AGM and took over from Félix Musfeld, who had been the club chairman over the previous six seasons. Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the twelfth consecutive season. There were only a few changes in the team squad this season. Detlev Lauscher joined from 1. FC Köln and had played five seasons for 1. FC Köln in the German Bundesliga. Jean-Pierre Maradan joined from lower tier Grenchen and he quickly became a key player. Basel played a total of 56 games in their 1976–77 season. 33 in the domestic league, two in the Swiss Cup, two in the Swiss League Cup, four in the Cup of the Alps, four in the 1976–77 UEFA Cup and 11 were friendly matches. Basel won eight of their friendly games, drew two and lost one of them.
The Swiss Football Association had reformed the Swiss football league system that year reducing the number of teams in the Nationalliga A from 14 to 12. The 1976–77 Nationalliga A was played in two stages. The qualification phase was played by all teams in a double round-robin and, after completion, was divided into two groups. The first six teams contended in the championship group (with half of the points obtained in the qualification as bonus) and the positions seventh to twelfth contended the relegation group. Basel finished the qualification phase in second position with 33 points from 22 games and so entered the championship group with a bonus of 17. At the end of the championship phase Servette and Basel were level on 29 points. They therefore had to play a play-off for the championship. This play-off was held at the Wankdorf Stadium in Bern in front of 55,000 supporters. Basel won the match 2–1 and their seventh championship title.
In the Swiss Cup Basel won away from home against lower tier Fribourg in the round of 32 and in the round of 16 were drawn away against Xamax but were defeated. Young Boys won the competition. In the Swiss League Cup they won away from home against lower tier Grenchen. Then in the round of 16 were drawn away against Luzern and here they were defeated. Young Boys won this competition as well.
In the first round of the 1976–77 UEFA Cup Basel were drawn against Northern Ireland team Glentoran F.C. Basel won 5–3 on aggregate. In the second round they were drawn against Spanish team Athletic Bilbao. After a draw in the first leg, they but were defeated 1–3 in the second leg and thus 2–4 on aggregate.
Eighty-fifth season
René Theler was confirmed by the club members at the club's AGM for his second period as chairman. Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the thirteenth consecutive season. During the off-season there were only two changes in the squad. Goalkeeper Hans Küng joined from Xamax and Hansruedi Schär joined from lower tier FC Oensingen. All other mutations were internal between the first team and the reserves. The team played a total of 54 games in their 1977–78 season. 32 in the domestic league, four in the Swiss Cup, four in the Swiss League Cup, two in the European Cup, four in the Cup of the Alps and eight were friendly matches.
Basel played in the 1977–78 Nationalliga A. This was contested by the first 10 teams from the previous season and the two newly promoted teams Etoile Carouge and Young Fellows Zürich. The domestic league was played in two stages. The qualification phase was played by all 12 teams in a double round robin, and after completion of this stage, the teams were divided into two groups. The first six teams contended in the championship group (with half the obtained points in the first stage as bonus) and the positions seventh to twelfth contended the relegation group (also with half the obtained points as bonus). Basel ended the qualification round in fourth position and ended the championship group in third position with 27 points, two points behind Grasshopper Club and one behind Servette. They failed their championship aim, being beaten 2–4 by the Grasshoppers in the very last game of the season. Basel scored a total of 74 goals conceding 48 in their 32 domestic leaguw games. Roland Schönenberger was the team's top goal scorer with 16 league goals.
In the first round of the Swiss Cup Basel were drawn against FC Lerchenfeld Thun and this was the first time that these two clubs had ever played against each other. Basel won this away game 4–2. In the next round they beat Zürich away 3–1 and St. Gallen at home 4–1 in the quarter-final. Therefore Basel advanced to the semi-finals before being knocked out of the competition by Grasshopper Club. Servette won the competition this season. In the first round of the Swiss League Cup Basel were drawn against Wettingen. Also in this competition Basel advanced to the semi-finals before being knocked out. St. Gallen won the competition beating Grasshopper Club 3–2 in the final.
As reigning Swiss champions Basel were qualified for the 1977–78 European Cup and in the first round they were drawn against Austrian champions FC Wacker Innsbruck. After a home defeat and an away win, this competition was concluded after the first round, Wacker won 3–2 on aggregate. In the Coppa delle Alpi Basel played in group B together with Bastia, Olympique Lyonnais and Lausanne-Sport. But with only one win and three defeats they ended the group stage in last position in the table.
Eighty-sixth season
Again René Theler was confirmed at the club's AGM for his third period as chairman. Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the fourteenth consecutive season. There were only a few changes in the squad. Eigil Nielsen moved on to Luzern. Serge Muhmenthaler was forced to terminate his playing career early due to his injury. Muhmenthaler would return a few years later as referee. Walter Mundschin retired from active football. During his time with Basel from 1965 to 1978, Mundschin played a total of 437 games and scored 67 goals. There were also a few new players in the squad. Robert Baldinger joined from Wettingen, Erwin Meyer joined from SC Emmen and Rolf Schönauer joined from local club SC Binningen. All other mutations were internal between the first team and the reserves. Benthaus led the team in a total of 59 games in their 1978–79 season. 32 of these games were in the domestic league, three in the Swiss Cup, six in the Swiss League Cup, two in the 1978–79 UEFA Cup, four in the Cup of the Alps and 12 were friendly matches.
Basel played in the 1978–79 Nationalliga A. This was contested by the first 10 teams from the previous season and the newly promoted teams Nordstern Basel and Chiasso. After a double round-robin in the qualification phase, the top six teams played in a championship group for the title and the bottom six teams in the relegation group. The teams in these two groups started with the bonus of half the points from the qualifying phase (rounded up). Basel ended the qualification round in fourth position and finished the Championship Group in sixth position with 18 points. They ended the season 17 points behind championship winners Servette who won all ten matches in the championship stage.
In the first round of the Swiss Cup Basel were drawn against FC Glattbrugg and this was the first time that these two clubs had ever played against each other. The game was played on 7 October 1978 and Basel won 7–0. In the second round Basel were drawn away and won against Zürich. In the third round Basel were away against Xamax and were knocked out of the competition. In the final on 20 June 1979 in the Wankdorf Stadium in Bern Servette were matched against Young Boys and won the cup winning the game 3–2. The Cup winners were to qualify for the 1979–80 European Cup Winners' Cup, but because Servette became champions the runners-up inherited this slot. In the first round of the Swiss League Cup Basel were drawn against Grenchen. This was played as a two legged affair, winning the home game and losing away game, Basel advanced 4–3 on aggregate. Basel won in the round of 16 against Nordstern Basel. In the quarter-final they won against Luzern and in the semi-final they won against Xamax to reach the final. The final was played on 5 May 1979 in the Wankdorf Stadium. This was against Servette and after extra time the score was 2–2. In the end Servette won 4–3 on penalties and completed the national treble, Championshup, Cup and League Cup.
In the 1978–79 UEFA Cup Basel were drawn against VfB Stuttgart. The first game was lost 2–3 in St. Jakob Stadium and the away game in the Neckarstadion was lost 1–4. VfB Stuttgart won 7–3 on aggregate and continued to the second round. In the Coppa delle Alpi (to English Cup of the Alps) Basel played with Stade de Reims and Sochaux in Group B together with Lausanne-Sport. Lausanne-Sport won the group and thus advanced to play in the final only to lose this against the winners of group A, Servette FC, 0–4.
Eighty-seventh, eighth championship title
René Theler was the club's chairman for the fourth consecutive season. Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the fifteenth consecutive season. There were a number of players that left the squad during the off-season. Midfield player Urs Siegenthaler moved on to Schaffhausen after eight years and 112 league games with the club. Stricker Roland Schönenberger moved on to Young Boys after four seasons, he had played 110 league games and scored 41 league goals. Defender Paul Fischli ended his professional career. After ten years with the club he moved on to local amateur team FC Münchenstein as player-coach. Between the years 1968 and 1979 Fischli played a total of 395 games for Basel scoring a total of 22 goals. In the other direction the experienced René Hasler and youngster Ernst Schleiffer both signed in from Xamax. Joseph Küttel signed in from Young Boys. Two local players joined both from the other side of the border. French player Serge Gaisser joined in from St. Louis and German Manfred Jungk joined from SV Weil. Basel played a total of 57 games in their 1979–80 season. 36 matches were played in the domestic league, two in the Swiss Cup, one in the Swiss League Cup and 18 were friendly matches. The team scored a total of 160 goals and conceded 62. All of their friendly games were played away from home. Of their 18 test games, 14 were won, two were drawn and two ended with a defeat. One of the defeats was against the Swiss national team.
After the success of the 1976–77 season, Basel endured two seasons of below-par performances and mid-table finishes until glory returned. Following the poor two seasons before Basel started the season as outsiders. Reigning Champions Servette together with the two clubs Grasshopper Club Zürich and FC Zürich were favorites. Benthaus declared qualification to the UEFA Cup as the team's primary aim. Basel ended the qualification round in second position, two points behind Servette and one ahead of the Grasshoppers. In the championship group the points obtained in the qualification were halved as a bonus (rounded up). Basel won the Championship with 33 points, two ahead of both second place Grasshopper Club and third placed Servette. Basel scored a total of 91 goals conceding 38 in the 32 league games. This was the club's eighth championship title in their history and the seventh and last under trainer Benthaus.
All NLA teams entered the Swiss Cup in the round of 32. Basel were drawn away against Mendrisiostar where they won 3–1. In the second round, again away from home in the Wankdorf Stadium and this against Young Boys. In the Swiss League Cup Basel were also drawn away from home against the Young Boys. Basel lost both duels and thus without further cup matches to contest they had enough strength and energy to win the Swiss league championship.
Eighty-eighth season
Pierre Jacques Lieblich was voted as new club chairman, he replaced René Theler who stood down at the AGM. Helmut Benthaus was first team manager for the sixteenth consecutive season. There were only a few changes in the squad this off-season. Erwin Meyer moved on to Luzern and Robert Baldinger moved to lower tier Aarau. Serge Duvernois joined from Saint Louis and Martin Mullis joined from St. Gallen. Basel played a total of 52 games in their 1980–81 season. 26 matches were played in the domestic league, three in the Swiss Cup, one in the Swiss League Cup, four in the 1980–81 European Cup and 18 were friendly matches. Of their 18 test games, 10 were won, five were drawn and three ended with a defeat.
Basel played in the 1980–81 Nationalliga A. The league had been reformed and there were no more championship play-offs. Basel played a mediocre season and ended the Nationalliga in sixth position, 12 points behind Zürich who became champions. In their 26 league games Basel won nine, drew ten and lost seven matches, which meant that the totaled 28 points. They scored 48 goals, conceding 44. Erni Maissen was the team's top goalscorer scoring ten league goals.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the round of 32. Here they were drawn away against Fribourg and they won the match 3–0. In the round of 16 they were drawn at home against Martigny-Sports and this match was won 6–0. In the quarterfinal, on 28 March 1981, Basel were drawn to play away from home against Zürich in the Letzigrund. The hosts won the tie 3–0. Basel were out of the competition and Zürich continued on to the final and won the trophy. In first round of the Swiss League Cup Basel were also drawn away against Zürich. They lost the home game 1–2 and Zürich continued in this competition and won this trophy as well.
As reigning Swiss champions Basel were qualified for the 1980–81 European Cup. In the first round they were drawn against Club Brugge. The first leg was played in Jan Breydel Stadium in Bruges and Basel won 1–0 through a goal scored by Erni Maissen in 65th minute. The return leg was won 4–1, the goals coming from Markus Tanner (14), Jörg Stohler (48), Arthur von Wartburg (55) and Walter Geisser (81) after Brugge had taken an early lead through Jan Ceulemans (3), but their goalkeeper Leen Barth was sent off in the 17th minute. In the second round Basel were drawn against Red Star Belgrade. Basel decided the first leg for themselves 1–0, the goal scored by Detlev Lauscher. In the second leg, however, Basel were defeated 0–2 and were eliminated from the competition.
Eighty-ninth season
Pierre Jacques Lieblich was club chairman for the second year running. Helmut Benthaus was first-team manager for the seventeenth consecutive season. During the off-season four players left the squad, Ernst Schleiffer moved on to Grenchen, Peter Marti to Aarau, Markus Tanner to Luzern and Joseph Küttel moved on to Lugano. During the season Hansruedi Schär was loaned out to Nordstern Basel and during the winter break Detlev Lauscher moved on to Luzern. In the other direction goalkeeper Walter Eichenberger joined from Young Boys and defender Bruno Graf joined from Chiasso. Basel also signed two youngsters, Alfred Lüthi from FC Subingen and Beat Sutter joined from local club FC Gelterkinden. The biggest transfer this summer was that of former West German international Harald Nickel from Borussia Mönchengladbach. Basel played a total of 54 games in their 1981–82 season. 30 matches were played in the domestic league, six in the Swiss Cup, three in the Swiss League Cup, five in the Cup of the Alps and 10 were friendly matches.Of their 10 test games, six were won and four ended with a defeat.
Basel played in the 1981–82 Nationalliga A. The league championship format was expanded from the 1980–81 season to include sixteen teams and the last two teams were to be relegated. Basel ended the season in eighth position, 21 points behind Grasshopper Club who became champions. In their 30 league games Basel won eleven, drew six and lost thirteen matches, which meant that the totaled 28 points.
Basel entered into the Cup in the round of 64. Here they were drawn away against Sursee and on 26 September they won the match 9–1. In the round of 32 they were drawn away against Bellinzona and this match was on 31 October and Basel won 1–0. In the round of 16 they were drawn away from home against Aarau on 30 March 1982 and this match was won 3–2. In the quarter-final Basel played at home against Lausanne-Sport and this ended with a 2–1 victory. The semi-final was played on 4 May in the St. Jakob Stadium against SR Delémont and Basel won 3–0. The Final, played in the Wankdorf Stadium, was against Sion. After a free kick on the sideline, in the 21st minute, a headed goal from Alain Balet secured Sion the trophy. In first round of the Swiss League Cup Basel were also drawn at home against Young Boys and a 1–0 victory took them to the next round. Here they played away against Grenchen and came away with a 2–1 victory. In the quarterfinal Basel played on the Stadion Brügglifeld but were eliminated by Aarau.
Basel played in the Coppa delle Alpi. They played together with Lausanne-Sport in Group A against Bordeaux and Bastia. Basel won the group and continued to the final, which was played on 29 September 1981 in Basel against Sochaux. They game ended 2–2 after extra time and Basel won on penalties.
Ohlhauser, Künnecke, Müller, Benthaus
Ninetieth season
Roland Rasi was appointed as the club's chairman at the AGM, he replaced Pierre Jacques Lieblich who stood down. Rainer Ohlhauser was the new first team manager. He had taken over from Helmut Benthaus, who had been manager for 17 years between 1965 and 1982, and who had moved on to take over as manager of VfB Stuttgart. A number of players left the squad, Ernst Schleiffer moved on to Grenchen, Peter Marti went to Aarau, Markus Tanner to Luzern and Joseph Küttel to Lugano. In the other direction Winfried Berkemeier joined from Young Boys, Ruedi Zbinden joined from local rivals Nordstern Basel and Nicolas Keller joined from Chiasso. There were also a number of youngsters who advanced from the youth team, Roger Bossert, Guido Rudin and Thomas Hauser. Basel played a total of 51 games this season. 30 matches were played in the domestic league, three in the Swiss Cup, four in the Cup of the Alps and 14 were friendly matches. The Swiss League Cup was no longer played this season. Of their 14 test games, ten were won, two drawn and two ended with a defeat.
The 1982–83 Nationalliga A was contested by 16 teams. Basel ended the season in eleventh position. In their 30 league games Basel won ten, drew five and lost fifteen matches, obtaining 25 points. They were 24 points behind Grasshopper Club Zürich who became new champions.
Basel entered into the Swiss Cup in the round of 64. Here they were drawn away against FC Breitenbach and on 9 October they won the match 4–0. In the round of 32 Basel were drawn at home against Lausanne-Sport. The game was played on 12 March 1983 and Basel won 2–1. On 4 April the away defeat against Mendrisio meant the end of this cup season. In the Coppa delle Alpi Basel were drawn against AJ Auxerre and Metz. Two draws against Auxerre and one victory and a defeat against Metz left them in third position in the Swiss teams group table. Xamax and Nantes played in the final.
Ninety-first season
Urs Gribi was the newly appointed club chairman, he replaced Roland Rasi who stood down at the AGM after just one year chairmanship. Ernst August Künnecke was appointed as Basel’s new first team manager and Emil Müller was appointed as his assistant. They had taken over from Rainer Ohlhauser, who had been manager for just the previous season. Künnecke had not played as professional footballer, but had played in the highest amateur levels before becoming professional head coach in Belgium. A number of players left the squad. Hans Küng retired after having been with the club six years. Peter Marti move to Aarau after havong been with the club seven years. Serge Duvernois and Serge Gaisser moved on to play for FC Mulhouse. Further Bruno Graf moved to Wettingen, Winfried Berkemeier to FC Raron and Roger Bossert to local club FC Laufen. In the other direction a number of new players joined the club. Three came from Wettingen, goalkeeper Urs Suter and the two defenders Martin Andermatt and Rolf Lauper. Uwe Dreher joined from Stuttgarter Kickers and René Botteron from 1. FC Nürnberg. Two youngsters were brought in from local clubs, Thomas Süss from Nordstern Basel and Fredy Grossenbacher from Concordia Basel. Another youngster, Peter Nadig, advanced from Basel's own youth team.
Künnecke coached Basel in a total of 58 games in their 1983–84 season. 30 matches were played in the domestic league, two in the Swiss Cup and 26 were friendly matches. Of their 26 test games, 17 ended with a victory, one was drawn and eight ended with a defeat.
The 1983–84 Nationalliga A was contested by 16 teams. As the season advanced it became increasingly apparent that Künnecke's ideas were not reaching the entire team squad at all times. Basel's youngsters played well during this season, Fredy Grossenbacher, Martin Jeitziner, Peter Nadig, Thomas Hauser and Beat Sutter advanced well under Künnecke. But Künnecke's ideas were not being accepted by the older, experienced players. At home, in the St. Jakob Stadium the team was playing well and winning the games, the first five home games were all won. However, the first seven away games all ended with a defeat. After the winter break Basel lost their first home game against La Chaux-de-Fonds 0–1. Künnecke reacted immediately and this was the last game that the three veterans Arthur von Wartburg, Jörg Stohler and Jean-Pierre Maradan played in the team. The supporters had noted the differences and the final home game of the season attracted only 2,000 spectators. Basel ended the season in ninth position. In their 30 league games Basel won eleven matches, drew six and lost thirteen. Basel obtained 28 points, scored 55 and conceding 59 goals. They were 16 points behind Grasshopper Club and Servette both of whom finished level on 44 points. A play-off match was to decide the championship and this was who by the Grasshoppers who became champions for the second consecutive year.
Basel entered into the Swiss Cup in the round of 64 and here they were drawn away against local lower league club FC Birsfelden. The match was a one-sided affair and Basel won 8–0. In the round of 32 they had a home fixture against Luzern but were beaten 0–3. Servette won the Cup beating Lausanne-Sport 1–0 in the final.
Ninety-second season
For the second year running the club's chairman was Urs Gribi. It was Ernst August Künnecke's second year as first team manager with Emil Müller as his assistant. Künnecke made amendments to the team, Walter Geisser retired and Jean-Pierre Maradan, Jörg Stohler as well as Arthur von Wartburg who had been thrown out of the squad the previous season all moved on to Grenchen. Künnecke persuaded Adrie van Kraay to join the team from Waterschei Thor. The youngsters Beat Feigenwinter (from Nordstern Basel), Livio Bordoli (from Hessen Kassel) and Ertan Irizik (from Concordia Basel) were transferred in. Basel's own youngsters Peter Nadig, Beat Sutter, Thomas Hauser, Fredy Grossenbacher and Dominique Herr were formed into team leaders. In this season Basel played a total of 63 games. 30 matches were played in the domestic league, three in the Swiss Cup and 30 were friendly matches. Of their 30 test games, 24 ended with a victory, two were drawn, four ended with a defeat.
The 1984–85 Nationalliga A was contested by 16 teams, including the top 14 clubs from the previous season and the two sides promoted from the second level, Nationalliga B, the previous season, these being SC Zug and Winterthur. But the good results in pre-season test matches, including a draw against Borussia Dortmund and victories against Karlsruher SC, SC Freiburg and Bayern Munich could not be taken over in to the domestic league games. Basel lost three of their first four matches. Then, following a run of five defeats and five draws with only one win, the team suffered one defeat too many against Lausanne-Sport on the 11 November. Basel's club chairman Urs Gribi fired Künnecke. The SC Zug match was declaired forfait at a later date. Gribi installed Müller as head coach until the end of the season and Müller was able to lead the team away from the relegation zone. Basel ended the season in eighth position, 15 points behind Servette Genève who became Swiss champions that year. In their 30 league matches Basel won eleven, drew nine and lost ten games.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the round of 64 with an away game against lower classed FC Dürrenast. This was won 4–0. In the second round they had a home match, also against a lower classed team FC Langenthal. This match resulted in a 6–0 victory. However, with the third round home game against Servette Basels cup season came to an end because they lost the match 0–1.
Ninety-third, mediocre
Urs Gribi was the club's chairman for the third consecutive year. Helmut Benthaus returned as first team manager, after his successful three-year term with VfB Stuttgart in which they won the Bundesliga in the 1983–84 season. He took over from caretaker manager Emil Müller. A number of players left the squad. Former Netherlands international Adrie van Kraay retired from active football. Swiss international player Martin Andermatt moved on to Grasshopper Club and Livio Bordoli moved on to Locarno. Two players, Beat Feigenwinter and Nicolas Keller, left the first team squad and went to play for the reserve team. In the other direction Gerhard Strack signed in from 1. FC Köln, André Ladner and Marco Schällibaum both signed in from Grasshopper Club, Francois Laydu signed in from La Chaux-de-Fonds and local lad Enrique Mata joined after a three season period by Xamax. Further, another local lad Stefano Ceccaroni returned from his one season loan to Baden. In this season Basel played a total of 51 games. 30 matches were played in the domestic league, five in the Swiss Cup and 16 were friendly matches. Of their 16 test games, 12 ended with a victory, one was drawn, three ended with a defeat.
Basel played in the 1985–86 Nationalliga A, which was contested by 16 teams. Basel ended the season in tenth position, 14 points behind BSC Young Boys who became that seasons champions. In their 30 league championship matches Basel won ten games, drew ten and also lost ten, which meant that they obtained 30 points.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the round of 64 with an away game against lower classed Concordia Basel. The game was played in the St. Jakob Stadium, in which Concordia had home team status, in front of 1,800 spectators and Basel won 9–1. They continued to the round of 32 in which they had a home game against FC Vernier, which was won 6–0. In the round of 16 they had a home game against Lausanne Sports, which ended in a 4–1 victory. The quarterfinal was played as visitors to lower classed FC Lengnau and with a 6–0 victory, Basel advanced to the semifinal. The semi final was played at home in front of 12,000 spectators against Servette on 15 April 1986 and Servette took an early three-goal lead. A hat trick form Gerhard Strack in the last 22 minutes of regular time meant that the match had to go into overtime. But with a penalty goal against them in the 4th minute of the extra time meant that Basel did not reach the final. Sion beat Servette in the final and won the Cup.
Financial problems, then relegation
Ninety-fourth season
Peter Max Sutter was the club's newly appointed chairman. Helmut Benthaus had returned first team manager the season before, this was his second consecutive season as coach. There were a number of changes in the team. The defenders Ertan Irizik moved on to St. Gallen, Francois Laydu moved on to Locarno, Stefano Ceccaroni moved to FC Laufen and Alfred Lüthi moved on to Grenchen. Further the midfielder Martin Jeitziner moved on to Young Boys, and the two forwards Beat Sutter moved on to Xamax and Ruedi Zbinden moved on to Grenchen. In the other direction, Stefan Bützer who had won the championship with the Young Boys the previous season signed in for the club. Then Jean-Pierre François and Markus Füri both signed in from local team Concordia Basel and Markus Hodel signed in from local club Nordstern Basel. Further Bruno Hänni joined from lower tier club FC Oensingen and as reserve goalkeeper Patrick Mäder joined from lower tier club Schaffhausen. In this season Basel played a total of 52 games. 30 matches were played in the domestic league and then another four in the promotion/relegation play-offs, three games were in the Swiss Cup and 15 were friendly matches. Of their test games, nine ended with a victory, four were drawn and two ended with a defeat.
Basel played a mediocre season, although they won only two of their first ten games, they were always placed in the middle of the table and kept this position after the winter break with three wins against lower placed teams. But then with seven defeats in the last ten games meant that they slipped in the table. Basel ended the main season with only 24 points in 12th position and so had to enter into this knock-out round. Here they were drawn against Bulle (3rd in the Nationallaiga B) in a two-legged promotion/relegation play-off semi-final. Both games ended with a two all draw, but decisively Basel defeated Bulle 5–3 on penalties. Basel then defeated FC Wettingen 8–2 on aggregate (1–2 and 7–0) in one of the two promotion/relegation finals and managed to save their slot in the highest tier of Swiss football. Xamax won the championship.
In the Swiss Cup Basel entered in the round of 64 with an away game against Nationalliga B team FC Köniz and Basel won 9–2. They continued to the round of 32 in which they had a home game against third tier Fribourg and this was won 3–1. The cup season came to an end in the round of 16 as Basel lost the home game against lower classed Kriens. Young Boys and Servette advanced to the final, which was traditionally always played in the Wankdorf Stadium in Bern. After 90 minutes the game ended 1–1, but YB won the trophy 4–2 after extra time.
Ninety-fifth, relegated
Charles Röthlisberger was the club's newly appointed chairman. Following the poor previous season, as the team only escaped relegation in the play-out round, Helmut Benthaus retired as head coach and there were also a number of players who left the club. Former Swiss international midfielder René Botteron retired from active football. German former international Gerhard Strack returned to Germany to play for Fortuna Düsseldorf. Another German player also moved to Germany, Thomas Süss moved on to play for Karlsruher SC. French player Jean-Pierre François moved back to France to play for AS Saint-Étienne. Also Fredy Grossenbacher and Marco Schällibaum both moved to Servette, André Ladner moved to Lugano and Erni Maissen transferred to Young Boys. Further reserve goalkeeper Patrick Mäder moved on to Baden and Luiz Gonçalo moved on to Old Boys. Urs Siegenthaler was appointed as new first team coach and because 11 players left the squad he had to build a new team. But the club was suffering financial difficulties and there was no money to spend. However, one interesting transfer was that of Scottish Gordon Smith coming from Admira Wacker. Another interesting transfer was that of German Uwe Dittus from FC Winterslag. Another two experienced players were Frank Eggeling joined from Grenchen and Ruedi Zahner from Aarau. All other new players were youngsters, goalkeeper Bernard Pulver joined from lower tier FC Bern, Peter Bernauer from German team SV 08 Laufenburg, Remo Steiner from local club FC Aesch, Ralph Thoma from local club FC Rheinfelden, Mathias Wehrli from local club FC Laufen. Six players were brought up from the youth team. These being Philipp Baumberger, Massimo Ceccaroni, Bernd Schramm, Adrian Sedlo, Fotios Karapetsas and Patrick Rahmen. Another interesting transfer was that of Varadaraju Sundramoorthy from Singapore FA. Sundramoorthy became only the second player from Singapore to play in Europe.
The Swiss Football Association (SFV) had changed the form of the domestic league for this season. The number of teams in the Nationalliga A had been reduced from 16 to 12. Basel started the season badly, losing the first five league games straight off, conceding 17 goals, scoring just three. In the third round on 15 August they were defeated 1–9 by Xamax. Up until today this is still the highest score defeat that Basel have suffered in their domestic league history. Xamax manager at that time was Gilbert Gress. The team never recovered from the bad start and even lost seven of the eleven return games. They ended the qualifying stage of the championship with just 13 points in 11th position. This meant that they had to play in one of the two promotion/relegation groups. Despite a good start in this phase, they won their first three matches, they were defeated by Bellinzona and then by Wettingen. Basel thus lost contact to these two teams in the top two positions in the league table. The first two places would qualify for next seasons top flight. In their last six games Basel could not achieve a single victory and therefore they slipped to fifth position in the table and were relegated to the Nationalliga B.
In the Swiss Cup, in round of 64, Basel were drawn against local rivals Old Boys. The game ended with a 1–2 defeat and therefore the cup season was ended much earlier than expected. In the final Grasshopper Club won the cup with a 2–0 victory over Schaffhausen.
Ninety-sixth, Nationalliga B
Charles Röthlisberger was the club's chairman and this was his second year in this position. Following their relegation the season before this was their first season in the second tier of Swiss football since the 1945–46 season. Urs Siegenthaler was first-team coach for the second consecutive season. Due to the relegation there were many modifications in the squad. Ruedi Zahner retired from active football. Both goalkeeper moved on, Bernard Pulver to Young Boys and Urs Suter to Zürich. Stefan Bützer and Frank Eggeling both transferred to Emmenbrücke. Thomas Hauser and Varadaraju Sundramoorthy went to play for local rivals Old Boys. Dominique Herr moved on to Lausanne-Sport. The two forwards Adrian Knup transferred to Aarau and Peter Nadig to Luzern. Scottish ex-international Gordon Smith moved home to Scotland and joined Stirling Albion before ending his football career. Adrian Sedlo moved to Mulhouse and with four other players the contracts were not prolonged.
The club's financial problems had worsened during the previous few seasons, this also due to the sinking number of spectators. But because an immediately to the top flight was the priority, 12 new players were signed in. Goalkeeper Remo Brügger was signed in from Luzern and his back up Roger Glanzmann from FC Therwil. The experienced players Andre Rindlisbacher transferred in from Aarau, Rolf Baumann from VfB Stuttgart, Mario Moscatelli from St. Gallen and Lucio Esposito from Luzern. There were a number of new players who joined from lower division clubs. For example Michael Syfrig, who had played a big role in the promotion of FC Glarus the previous season, signed in on his first professional contract. Then local youngsters Germano Fanciulli joined from local rivals Old Boys and Andre Cueni from FC Laufen. Further Beat Aebi came from FC Volketswil, Kurt Spirig came from Diepoldsau and Patrick Liniger was brought from the youth team.
Basel were assigned to the East group. They ended their 22 matches in the Qualifying Phase with 14 victories, four draws and four defeats with 32 points. They were group winners. Thus Basel qualified themselves for a Promotion group. Basel were assigned to group A. Also qualified for this group from the Nationalliga B were Zürich, CS Chênois, Grenchen, ES Malley and the Old Boys. The team's goal scoring quality was missed during the Promotion stage. In the fifth, sixth and seventh round Basel lost the two away games against Lausanne-Sports 1–4 and St. Gallen 0–3, as well as the home match against local rivals Old Boys 0–1, therefore losing very valuable points. Basel ended the group with just 19 scored goals and just 14 obtained points in fourth position and thus they missed promotion.
Basel entered into the Swiss Cup in the 2nd principal round. Here they were drawn away against local team Oberwil. The game was won easily, 5–0. In the next round Basel were drawn against higher classed Young Boys. Basel mastered their opponents well, winning 4–1. In the round of 32 and round of 16 Basel had two ties against lower tier teams winning both to qualify for the quarterfinals. Here their cup season came to an end because they lost against top-tier team Aarau.
Ninety-seventh, missed promotion
Charles Röthlisberger was the club's chairman for the second consecutive year. For the third consecutive season Urs Siegenthaler was first team coach. After missing promotion the season before the club's repeated priority aim was to return to the top flight of Swiss football. Due to the poor results during October Urs Siegenthaler lost his position as first team coach and in November he was replaced by Ernst August Künnecke. As was previously noted during the off-season period over the previous few years, again this season there were many changes in the squad. Remo Brügger, who had recovered from his car accident injuries, moved on to St. Gallen. This was in a player swop with goalkeeper pendant Thomas Grüter who did not want to return there, following his six-month loan with Basel, following Brügger's accident. Michael Syfrig moved on to higher tier Aarau and Lucio Esposito also moved on to a higher-tier club, Bellinzona. Seven other players left the squad because their contracts had not been renewed. In the other direction Erni Maissen returned from Young Boys. Ruedi Zbinden returned to the club and Sascha Reich signed in from Bellinzona. Miodrag Đurđević was taken on contrcat from Dinamo Zagreb and Uwe Wassmer from Schalke 04. Further there were the signings of young local newcomers, like Manfred Wagner from FC Steinen-Höllstein, Vittorio Gottardi from SC Dornach, Jörg Heuting from Concordia Basel and René Spicher from Old Boys. Other newcomers were Olaf Berg from Viktoria Buchholz and Boris Mancastroppa from Red Star Zürich.
The 24 teams in the Nationalliga B were divided into two groups, an east and a west group, to first play a qualification round. In the second stage the tops six teams in each group and the last four team of the Nationalliga A would play a promotion/relegation round, also divided into two groups. The top two teams in each group would play in the top flight the next season. Basel were assigned to the West group. The Qualifying Phase started well and after ten rounds with six victories and only one defeat Basel led the group. Then however, a run of bad results, including home defeats against lower positioned teams ES Malley and Etoile Carouge and a 4–0 dubbing away against Yverdon-Sports cost head-coach Urs Siegenthaler his job. The team ended their 22 matches in the Qualifying Phase with 11 victories, five draws and six defeats with 27 points in a disappointing fifth position in the league table. Basel qualified for the promotion stage and were assigned to group A. Basel started well, winning the first four matches, but could only manage draws at home against both Servette and Zürich. The return matches against these two teams both ended in defeats and thus Basel could only reach third position in the table behind these two rivals and thus missed promotion.
Basel entered into the Swiss Cup in the 2nd principal round. Here they were drawn away against lower tier FC Moutier. The game was won convincingly 8–0 with seven different goal scorers. In the third round they were drawn against lower tier SC Burgdorf and this won easily (3–0) as well. In the round of 32 they were drawn away against Schaffhausen. Despite an early red card for Miodrag Đurđević, the match ended with a 1–0 victory. In the next round Basel had an away game against Bulle and mastered this with a 6–0 victory. Basel advanced through the first four rounds without conceding a single goal and had scored 18, with 11 different goal scorers. However, in the quarterfinals Basels cup season came to an end after a 0–1 defeat away from home in the Hardturm Stadium against higher tier Grasshopper Club. The Grasshoppers went on to win the trophy, for the third season in a row, beating Xamax 2–1 in the final. In fact the Grasshoppers achieved the national double that season.
Ninety-eighth, missed promotion
Following their relegation in the 1987–88 season this was their third season in the second tier of Swiss football. Charles Röthlisberger was the club's chairman for the third consecutive year. Ernst August Künnecke returned to the club, having taken over from Urs Siegenthaler as first-team coach during the previous. After missing promotion the previous two seasons, the club's repeated priority aim was to return to the top flight of Swiss football. Only a few players left the team. Andre Rindlisbacher transferred to Bellinzona, Uwe Wassmer to Aarau and Ralph Thoma returned to his club of origin FC Rheinfelden. Rolf Baumann ended his active football career and returned to his hometown club VfL Kirchheim/Teck as head-coach. Four other players left the squad because their contracts were not renewed. In the other direction Brian Bertelsen and Reto Baumgartner moved in from Wettingen. Maximilian Heidenreich transferred in from Hannover 96. Three young players came in from local, lower-tier teams, Roman Künzli from FC Breitenbach, Roman Hangarter from FC Brüttisellen and Christian Marcolli from FC Aesch. Seven young players were brought up from the Basel youth team.
Basel were assigned to the South East group. The first stage ran very moderately, there was no consistency in their games and matches were lost that should have been won. They ended their 22 matches in the Qualifying Phase with 9 victories, 8 draws and 5 defeats with 26 points in a disappointing fourth position in the league table. Basel qualified for a Promotion group and were assigned to group A. Also qualified for this group from the Nationalliga B were Chiasso, Yverdon-Sports, Fribourg, Baden and Etoile Carouge. Fighting against their relegation from the Nationalliga A were St. Gallen and Wettingen. At the start of this phase Basel lost two games, away against Yverdon-Sports and at home against St. Gallen and therefore they were in arrears right from the beginning. Even the away victory against Wettingen didn't help much, because they were defeated at home by FC Baden just two rounds later. A few weeks later the back to back home defeat against Wettingen and the defeat in the Espenmoos against St. Gallen decided the promotion/relegation phase to the benefit of these two teams. Basel ended their 14 matches in the promotion/relegation Phase with just four victories, four draws, suffering six defeats with 12 points in a very disappointing fourth position in the league table and missed promotion again.
In the Swiss Cup second round Basel were drawn with an away game against lower tier, local club FC Pratteln. But Basel were sent home suffering an embarrassing 4–0 defeat. A red card for Peter Bernauer just after half time, as the game was still goalless, made Basel very unsure. Pratteln took the lead and Basel were not able to give an adequate answer. In fact, in the last few minutes of the game, they fell completely apart and gave up two counter goals within less than 60 seconds. Sion won the cup, beating Young Boys 3–2 in the final.
Ninety-ninth, missed promotion
Charles Röthlisberger was the club's chairman for the fourth consecutive year. Ernst August Künnecke was first-team coach for the second consecutive season. After missing promotion in the previous season, the club's repeated priority aim was to return to the top flight of Swiss football. There were a number of changes in the squad. Erni Maissen retired from his professional playing career. Between the years 1975 to 1982, 1983 to 1987 and again from 1989 to 1991 Maissen played a total of 551 games for Basel scoring a total of 222 goals. Enrique Mata also retired from his professional playing career and moved on to FC Laufen. Further players who left the club were Sascha Reich and Patrick Rahmen who both transferred to Young Boys. Brian Bertelsen left the club as well and transferred to St. Gallen, Germano Fanciulli moved on to play for Grenchen and Roman Hangarter returned to FC Brüttisellen. The contracts with Roman Künzli and Patrick Liniger were not prolonged. In the other direction Patrick's brother Micha Rahmen joined from Grasshopper Club, Robert Kok transferred in from Zürich and André Sitek joined from Baden. A number of youngsters joined from their local clubs, Olivier Bauer and Christian Marcolli joined from FC Aesch, Walter Bernhard joined from SV Muttenz, Adrian Jenzer joined from Rapid Ostermundigen, Mourad Bounoua came from French club Mulhouse, Thomas Schweizer from German club SC Freiburg and Gilbert Epars came from Servette. There were also a number of youngsters who were brought up internally.
The 24 teams in the Nationalliga B were divided into two groups, a South/East and a West group. Basel were assigned to the West group. Also in this group were local rivals Old Boys. In the two local duals, Basel lost the away game against the Old Boys, 0–4, and could only manage a goalless draw against them in their home stadium. For Basel the season ran well, despite three defeats in the first six games, including this nasty defeat against the Old Boys, Basel had a good run staying unbeaten for the next 15 rounds, winning 11 of these matches. Basel then ended the Qualifying Phase in top position in the league table. In the 22 matches Basel totaled 31 points with 13 victories, five draws and four defeats. Basel qualified for the promotion stage and were assigned to group A. However, the promotion-relegation phase started badly; Basel could only draw four games and lost two from the first six games. Trainer Ernst August Künnecke was released from his position. The two former players Karl Odermatt and Bruno Rahmen took over as coaches ad interim until the end of the season. The results there after were better, but the gap to the leading teams could not be closed. The team ended their 14 matches in this stage with just four victories, six draws, suffering four defeats with 14 points in a very disappointing fourth position in the league table. Therefore, they missed their aim of promotion once again.
In the second round of the Swiss Cup Basel were drawn away from home against lower-tier FC Einsiedeln and in the round of 64 away against lower tier FC Willisau. Both games were won easily (6–2 and 2–0). In the round of 32 Basel were drawn at home against Bulle and the game ended with a 1–1 draw after extra time. Basel secured the victory in the penalty shoot-out. In the next round they were drawn at home against FC Bern (5–1 victory). But in the quarterfinals Basel were drawn at home against Lugano. Because this match ended in a 2–3 defeat they were eliminated. Lugano continued and later reached the final, but in the final they were beaten 3–1, after extra time, by cup-winners Luzern.
Anniversary 100th season
Peter Epting took over as the club's chairman that season from Charles Röthlisberger at the AGM in March 1993. Friedel Rausch was appointed as new trainer, following the iterim coaches Karl Odermatt and Bruno Rahmen. The duo had taken over ad interim after Ernst-August Künnecke had been sacked toward the end of the previous season. A number of players left the squad. Robert Kok, who had only been with the club the previous season, retired from active football. Three players moved on to Germany; Mourad Bounoua transferred to TuS Celle, Maximilian Heidenreich and Thomas Schweizer both moved on to SC Freiburg. Other players transferred within the Swiss League, Walter Bernhard transferred to Fribourg, Gilbert Epars transferred to Urania Genève Sport and Boris Mancastroppa to Schaffhausen. In the other direction Christian Reinwald joined from Chur as the new second goalkeeper. Then there were two transfers from Germany, Dirk Lellek transferred in from VfL Osnabrück and Ørjan Berg transferred in from 1860 Munich. Within the Swiss League, Mario Uccella joined from Winterthur, Marco Walker from Lugano and Pierre-André Schürmann from Lausanne-Sport. Two players joined from Xamax, Admir Smajić transferred in and Frédéric Chassot on loan. Patrick Rahmen returned to his club of origin from Young Boys and youngster Gaetano Giallanza signed his first professional contract, coming from Old Boys.
The 24 teams in the Nationalliga B were divided into two groups. Basel were assigned to the West group, together with local rivals Old Boys. In the two local duals, Basel won both games and both with 3–0. Basel ended the Qualifying Phase in second position in the league table. Basel thus qualified for the promotion stage and were assigned to group A. Further teams assigned to this group from the Nationalliga B were Delémont, Chênois, Luzern, Locarno and Wil. Assigned to this group and fighting against relegation from the Nationalliga A were Bulle and Grasshopper Club. Basel ended the promotion stage in a very disappointing fourth position in the league table and missed promotion yet again.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the second round. Here they were drawn away from home against lower-tier local team FC Baudepartement Basel and they won 6–0. In the third round they were drawn at home to local rivals Old Boys and this was won 4–0. Basel were drawn away against lower-tier SC Young Fellows Juventus in the third round and this was won 3–0. In the round of 16 they were again drawn at home, also against a lower-tier team, FC Savièse. All four games were won without the team conceding a single goal. However, in the quarterfinals Basel played at home against higher-tier Xamax. Because this match ended with a 2–3 defeat they were eliminated from the competition.Xamax were defeated in the semi-final by Lugano, who went on to win the final 4–1 against Grasshopper Club.
101st, promotion
Peter Epting was confirmed as the club's chairman at the AGM for the second period. Claude Andrey was appointed as new first team trainer. He came from Sion where he had been trainer for the previous six months and he came as replacement for Friedel Rausch who had only been trainer with the club for the previous season. A number of players left the club during the off-season. Last season's top scorer André Sitek moved on to score his goals for Locarno, another goal scorer Frédéric Chassot returned to Neuchâtel Xamax after his loan period had expired and defender Dirk Lellek transferred to VfB Oldenburg. Christian Marcolli and Manfred Wagner both moved on to local rivals to Old Boys and Patrick Rahmen moved on to play for SR Delémont. In the other direction Swiss international goalkeeper Stefan Huber transferred in from Lausanne-Sport. Two new defender were also transferred in, Andre Meier from Chiasso and Samir Tabakovic from NK Belišće. The midfield was stregthend with the signings of Mario Cantaluppi from Grasshopper Club, Sergei Derkach from Dynamo Moscow and Didier Gigon from Lausanne-Sport. More notable transfers were those of Swiss international strikers Dario Zuffi and Philippe Hertig who both came from Lugano.
Basel were assigned to the Nationalliga B West group, together with local rivals Old Boys and SR Delémont. Basel started somewhat sloppily into the season with two home defeats against Old Boys and Grenchen in the first three games of the season. But the newly formed team soon found themselves and they recorded eight victories in the next nine games. Etoile Carouge ended the qualifying phase as group winners, two points above second placed Basel. As second placed team in their qualifying group, Basel qualified for the promotion stage. To help with their promotion attempt Axel Kruse was signed in on loan from VfB Stuttgart until the end of the season, but because of injuries he only played three league games. Basel's start in the phase of a somewhat slow stance and three draws in the first four matches and despite an away defeat against Xamax in round six they played well at the top of the group table. Not being defeated in the last eight matches, winning five, drawing three, they ended the group in first place. They were level on points with St. Gallen and Xamax and won promotion.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the second round. Here they were drawn away from home in the Herti Allmend Stadion against lower-tier team Zug and final result was 10–0 win. In the third round Basel were drawn at home in the St. Jakob Stadium against higher tier Aarau and despite being a goal down through an own goal at half time, Basel again turned up the pressure again in the second half and turned the result to win 4–1. In round four another higher tier team were to visit Basel in their home stadium, but Basel won 2–0 against Lausanne-Sport. Round five gave higher tier Xamax the journey to St. Jakob Stadium and the host team achieved a 1–0 victory. The fourth higher top flight team to make the visit to the stadium was Yverdon-Sports. The match was goalless after 90 minutes, thus went into over-time. Zuffi gave the hosts a 1–0 victory after extra time with a goal in 118th minute. The semi-final also gave Basel a home game against Schaffhausen, who had suffered a 3–0 defeat here in the domestic league exactly two weeks earlier. But this time the hosts played under capabilities, the game ended goalless, even after extra time. The penalty shoot out was decisive. Schaffhausen goalkeeper Erich Hürzeler held striker Zuffi's attempt, Basel keeper Huber held Engesser's attempt and after 12 penalties things were level at five all. Keeper Hürzeler then held Tabakovic's attempt and so Steffen Ziffert's final penalty gave Schaffhausen the upset.
102nd, Nationalliga A
Peter Epting was the club's chairman for the third period. Claude Andrey was the Basel trainer for the second consecutive season. After gaining promotion during the last season, the club's priority aim was to remain in the top flight of Swiss football. Andrey tried to keep the time together after the team's promotion and only a relatively low number of players left the squad. Axel Kruse's loan period had ended and he returned to VfB Stuttgart and Sergei Derkach returned to Dynamo Moscow. Reto Baumgartner retired from active football and turned to professional beach soccer and played for the Swiss national team. Micha Rahmen and Mario Uccella moved on to local amateur club FC Riehen, and Olivier Bauer and Frank Wittmann moved on to local team Old Boys. In the other direction Lars Olsen signed in from Seraing, Asif Šarić signed in from Arminia Bielefeld, Mart van Duren came from Groningen and Alexandre Rey transferred in from Sion.
Two further youngsters joined the team during the winter break. Because Goalkeeper Stefan Huber was injured, Andreas Niederer was signed in as second goalie from local amateur club FC Allschwil and he came to four appearances after second keeper Thomas Grüter also injured himself. Hakan Yakin signed his first professional contract in January 1995 coming in from local club Concordia Basel. He played his League debut for Basel on 12 April 1995 in the match against Lausanne Sports. He was brought on in the 60th minute as replacement for Alexandre Rey. With his first touch of the ball, just 18 seconds later, Yakin scored his first league goal for his new club with a header.
The 1994–95 Nationalliga A was contested by 12 teams, but for Basel the season started very badly, the team lost four of the first six games and they did not record a win until the 9th round. After the first half of the qualifying phase, Basel and Young Boys were joint bottom of the league table with just six points. The second half of the Qualifying Phase was better and Basel rose to 7th position in the league table. During the entire phase Basel scored just 18 goals, thus being the poorest attacking team and conceded just 15, thus being the defensive best in the league.
Basel were qualified for the Champions Round. Here things started better, three wins in the first three games. But two back to back dubbings in Lugano (1–4) and as guests to Xamax (1–5), as well as the return game home defeat against Lugano, put an end to the hopes of a higher placed finish. Basel ended the 1994–95 Nationalliga A in seventh position in the table, but were qualified for the newly UEFA-administered Intertoto Cup 1995.
In the Swiss Cup Basel were drawn away from home against lower tier FC Bözingen 34 in the 3rd principal round. This resulted in a 5–0 victory. In the 4th round Basel faced Aarau at home in the St. Jakob Stadium and won 3–0. In the round of 16 Basel played in the Stadion Allmend but lost 0–2 to the hosts Luzern. Sion became cup winners, beating Grasshopper Club 4–2 in the final.
Stabilisation
103rd season
Peter Epting was the club's chairman for the fourth period. Claude Andrey was again the club's manager, this was his third period as head-coach. There were a few players that left the squad. Mart van Duren retired from active football, Martin Jeitziner also retired from professional football and moved on to Old Boys, Ralph Steingruber moved onto St. Gallen, Asif Šarić returned to Germany and joined Sportfreunde Siegen and Thomas Karrer was on loan to Grenchen. The club's priority aim was to remain in the top flight of Swiss football. Therefore the club made a number of new signings as the season started, these included the Nigerian national team goalkeeper Ike Shorunmu, who signed in from Shooting Stars, Gabriel Okolosi, from Africa Sports National, and Alex Nyarko, from Sportul. Another promising player was Vilmar who signed in from Ferroviária. David Orlando was signed in from Sion, the young Bruno Sutter from Young Fellows Zürich and Daniele Moro signed in from Xamax.
The reform of the Nationalliga had been completed the previous season and the domestic league was contested by 12 teams. However, there was one change at the start of the 1995–96 Nationalliga A season and that was that the Swiss Football Association introduced the three points for a win standard. In 1995, FIFA formally adopted this system and it subsequently became standard in international tournaments, as well as most national football leagues. The season started well for Basel, three wins in the first four games. But then, between the sixth and sixteenth round Basel suffered eight defeats in 11 games. It was at this point that Claude Andrey lost his job as head-coach and the reasons were not just of sporting nature. Oldrich Svab took over on an interim basis on 28 October and continued until Karl Engel was appointed as new head-coach. The team caught themselves and qualified for the championship round. In the 22 games, Basel won nine, drew three and suffered ten defeats. The team had collected 30 points and they were three points above the dividing line. In the championship round Basel did not record a victory until the ninth round, but they finished the season in sixth position and thus qualified for the 1996 UEFA Intertoto Cup. In the second stage of the league season Basel managed just three victories, four draws and suffered seven defeats.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the third round. Here they defeated the lower tier club Subingen 6–1. In the fourth and fifth round they defeated lower tier clubs Gossau 3–1 and Biel-Bienne 4–1. Thus Basel advanced to the quarter-finals and here they travelled to la Maladière in Neuchâtel, but were knocked out of the cup by Xamax 2–1 after extra time. Sion won the cup. In the 1995 UEFA Intertoto Cup Basel managed a home win against Sheffield Wednesday and an away win in Poland against Górnik Zabrze. But the other two games ended with defeats, at home against the Karlsruher SC and an away game against Aarhus GF. As group winners Karlsruhe continued to the next round.
104th season
Peter Epting retired from the chairmanship and René C. Jäggi became the club's new chairman following the AGM which was held in November. Karl Engel was trainer at the start of the season, but he was replaced by Heinz Hermann in March 1997. Hermann only remained manager for a few weeks and was replaced by Salvatore Andracchio (ad interim) until the end of the season. A number of players had left the club during the off-season, Ike Shorunmu transferred to Zürich, Mario Cantaluppi moved to Servette and Gabriel Okolosi to Young Boys. Both Davide Orlando and Alexandre Rey moved back to Sion. Further players who left the club were Marco Walker, who moved to German team 1860 Munich, Lars Olsen returned to Denmark and joined Brøndby and Andre Meier moved on to FC Schaffhausen. To balance this, the club made some new signings as the season started. Adrian Knup returned to the club, signed in after a short spell by Galatasaray. Other players who joined from foreign clubs were, Adrian Falub who came from Universitatea Cluj and Mariano Armentano from Racing Club. A number of players also transferred from the domestic league, Gaetano Giallanza and Jean-Pierre La Placa both signed in from Sion, Mario Frick came from St. Gallen and Yann Poulard signed in from SR Delémont.
The season did not start too well, it took until the twelfth round until the team recorded their third victory and one of these three was a forfeit victory because YB had used an unqualified player. As the first half of the season came to an end, the team had gathered five victories, ten draws and had suffered seven defeats. Nevertheless, the team had qualified for the championship round. During the winter break Markus Schupp signed in on loan from Hamburger SV, Franco Foda signed in from VfB Stuttgart and Fabrice Henry signed in from CD Toledo. Also during the winter break Admir Smajić transferred out to Young Boys. In the championship round the team suffered six defeats in a row. During this period head-coach Karl Engel was fired and was replaced by Heinz Hermann. The football did not improve and after just a few weeks Hermann was replaced by Salvatore Andracchio. Basel ended the championship round with nine defeats in twelve games. They had won only three games and so they ended the group in the last position in the league table.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup in the third principal round. The opponent here was lower tier FC Münsingen. Basel won the match after extra time. In the fourth round hosted the game against Young Boys and won 2–1. In the round of 16 Basel hosted Servette but they were knocked out, losing 1–4. In the 1996 UEFA Intertoto Cup Basel played in group 7 together with Rotor Volgograd, Antalyaspor, Shakhtar Donetsk and Ataka-Aura Minsk. Basel won in Turkey against Antalyaspor and at home in the St. Jakob Stadium against Minsk. They drew at home with Shakhtar, but lost in Russia against Volgograd, who ended at the top of the group and continued to the next round. Basel ended the competition as second-placed team in the group league table.
105th season
René C. Jäggi was the club's chairman following the AGM the year before and was confirmed in this position for this season. The club's priority aim was to remain in the top flight of Swiss football.Jörg Berger was appointed as the new trainer at the start of the season, but in October 1997 he was sacked and was replaced by Salvatore Andracchio (ad interim) until Guy Mathez was appointed as trainer from 1 January 1998. The club made many new signings as the season started. Amongst these, there were many experienced players, such as Oliver Kreuzer from Bayern Munich, Marco Sas from Bradford City, Maurizio Gaudino from Eintracht Frankfurt, Jürgen Hartmann from Hamburger SV and Nestor Subiat from Grasshopper Club. There were also young players such as Marco Pérez from Vaduz, Jan Berger from Grasshopper Club and Fabinho Santos from Joinville (Brazil) as well as Luís Calapes and Alexander Frei from the club's own youth section.
Goalkeeper Thomas Grüter retired from professional football. Many other players also left the club, under them Mariano Armentano who transferred to Vélez Sarsfield, Adrian Falub who returned to Universitatea Cluj and Alex Nyarko who transferred to Karlsruher SC. The loan contracts with Franco Foda and Markus Schupp came to an end and because Basel did not opt to buy them, they both moved on to Sturm Graz. The youngsters Bruno Sutter transferred to Zürich and Hakan Yakin transferred to Grasshopper Club. At the end of the transfer window teo further players left the squad, last season's top scorer Gaetano Giallanza transferred to Nantes in September and Jean-Pierre La Placa signed for Toulouse.
The football league season did not start the way that head-coach Berger had hoped. Four of the first six games ended in a defeat, the team conceding 12 goals and scoring just three. Berger was put under pressure by the club's board of directors, but things did not improve. After six consecutive defeats Berger was sacked. He was replaced ad interim by trainer Salvatore Andracchio, who had helped out the previous season. The team managed to improve their results, but could not correct the slip into the Relegation Group. During the winter break Guy Mathez was appointed as new head-coach. Soon after this the newly signed Nemtsoudis left the club and Nestor Subiat's loan contract was ended and the contract with Marco Sas was dissolved. Under new trainer Mathez, the first few games were good. But after a period with three away defeats and two home draws, it seemed that the team were heading for relegation. A dramatic finish with three straight victories over the three better placed teams Young Boys, SC Kriens and finally Solothurn saved Basel from the relegation drop.
Basel entered the Swiss Cup with a bye in the third and fourth principal round and started in the fifth. The opponents here were lower tier SC Buochs. Despite an early lead, Basel were down 1–2 just after the break and it stayed that way right up until the 86th minute. Then Nestor Subiat poked the ball into the goal out of the crowd of players who had gathered in the six yard box, it was the equalizer. In the extra period Basel had no further problems and the Buochs players had no more stamina. Two more Subiat goals, two from Adrian Knup and the final goal from Fabrice Henry was followed by the final whistle. Basel won 7–2 after extra time. In the round of 16 Basel's opponents were Xamax, who were stronger and they won by two goals to nil. The cup final was played between Lausanne-Sport and St. Gallen, this ended with a draw after extra time. Lausanne won the penalty shoot out, thus winning the trophy.
106th, stadium construction
René C. Jäggi was the club's chairman for the third year. Guy Mathez, who had taken over the coaching in January of that year, was appointed as the new trainer at the start of the season, but on 14 May 1999 he was sacked and was replaced by Marco Schällibaum (ad interim) until the end of the season. The club made many new signings as the season started, these included Mario Cantaluppi who returned from Servette. Also from Servette came the Romanian international Dan Potocianu and, on loan, the youngster Carlos Varela. Aleksandr Rytchkov was signed from 1. FC Köln and Philippe Cravero signed in from lower classed Etoile Carouge. The Ivorian international Ahmed Ouattara and the young Brazilian Abedi were signed in from Sion. Benjamin Huggel was signed in from local amateur club FC Münchenstein, he had played the previous season for FC Arlesheim, in the fourth tier of Swiss football. In the other direction Adrian Knup, Daniel Salvi and Jürgen Hartmann all ended their football careers. Dario Zuffi returned to his club of origin Winterthur after having playing five years for the club. Jan Berger moved to Aarau and youngster Alexander Frei was loaned out to Thun. Fabinho Santos returned home to Joinville in Brasil.
The first half of the season, until 13 December 1998, Basel's home ground was the St. Jakob Stadium. From 7 March 199 they played their games in the Stadion Schützenmatte and this because the old stadium was demolished and the new stadium was to be built on the same plot of land. The construction of the new stadium was to take a little more than two years. The new stadium, the St. Jakob-Park, was to be an all seater, the old stadium had standing places on three sides. The club's priority aim was to remain in the top flight of Swiss football. The season started fairly well, with five victories and three draws in the first ten rounds. However, seven defeats in the next nine rounds let the team slip down into the bottom areas of the table. Basel ended the qualification stage with eight victories, four draws and ten defeats, with 28 points in sixth position in the league table. With this tally they were qualified for Champions Group for the second half of the season. With an average second half of the season, winning five games, drawing four and losing five, Basel finished in the league tables in fifth position.
All eyes were set on the cup season. But despite a draw against lower classed Stade Nyonnais, Basel's cup season came to an abrupt end, because they were unable to pass this hurdle, losing the match on penalties. Lausanne-Sport won the Swiss Cup final on 13 June 199 in the Wankdorf Stadium, winning 2–0 against Grasshopper Club.
107th season
René C. Jäggi was the club's chairman for the fourth year. On 15 June 1999 Christian Gross was appointed as the new first team trainer and he assigned Ruedi Zbinden as his co-trainer. Forming his new team, Gross made a number of signings before the season started. These new signings included defensive players such as Alexandre Quennoz, who signed from Sion, Ivan Knez from Luzern and Murat Yakin who came from Fenerbahçe and forwards such as George Koumantarakis who signed in from Luzern, Didier Tholot from Sion and Thomas Häberli from Kriens. The most interest was raised in the signing of Pascal Zuberbühler in a goalkeeper swap with Stefan Huber who then went to Grasshopper Club. In the outwards direction Mario Frick transferred to Zürich, Abedi to Yverdon and Fabrice Henry to Hibernian (on loan). Before the domestic League season started on 7 July Basel had little time to get things ready. They organised one test game against lower tier SR Delémont, which was played in Laufen and won 2–0, and they entered the Sempione Cup, which was played in Balsthal. Here Basel played the semi-final against Brazilian team Ituano FC, which was lost, and the third place match against Croatian Dinamo Zagreb, in which they also suffered a defeat.
The qualifying round of the 1999–2000 Nationalliga A season was contested by twelve teams. The first eight teams of the First Stage (or Qualification) were then to compete in the Championship Round. The season started on 7 July. Basel's priority aim was to reach the Championship stage and end the season in the top three. The season started sub-optimal, the team remained unbeaten, but with just three wins and four draws in the first seven rounds, they lost contact to the table leaders. Following their first defeat, in the away game against Lausanne-Sport, Basel improved their position in the table with another three victories. Basel suffered their first home defeat on 2 October against Yverdon-Sports, but they ended the Qualification Round in second position in the league table. The Championship Round started on 12 March 2000. The participating teams took half of the points (rounded up to complete units) gained in the Qualification as bonus with them. Basel played amongst the table leaders and in the tenth round they even managed a 3–1 victory against league leaders St. Gallen. However, in their last four matches Basel won only two further points and dropped to third position behind champions St Gallen and Lausanne, against whom the final game of the season ended in a 0–3 home defeat on 7 June 2000. Nevertheless, Basel qualified for the 2000–01 UEFA Cup.
Basel's clear aim for the Swiss Cup was to win the title. In the round of 32, they were drawn away against Mendrisio. In the next round a home game against Grasshopper Club, ended in a draw and was eventually won in the penalty shoot out. The quarterfinal against Lausanne-Sport ended the cup run. Lausanne continued and advanced to the final, but here they were beaten by Zürich in a penalty shoot-out.
Basel were qualified for the 1999 UEFA Intertoto Cup. The first round was played against Slovenian team Korotan Prevalje on 20 and 26 June 1999 and won 6–0 on aggregate. The second round draw brought the Czech Republic club Boby Brno to Basel on 4 July. The return leg a week later gave Basel a 4–2 victory on aggregate. Although the first leg of the third round was won away from home against Hamburg, the Germans won the second leg in the Stadion Schützenmatte and Hamburg proceeded due to the away goals rule.
See also
FC Basel
List of FC Basel players
List of FC Basel seasons
Football in Switzerland
References
Sources
Die ersten 125 Jahre / 2018. Publisher: Josef Zindel im Friedrich Reinhardt Verlag, Basel.
FC Basel Archiv / Verein "Basler Fussballarchiv”
External links
Official Website
Rotblau.ch Statistik Website
FC Basel Fan club website
http://www.football.ch
FC Basel
Basel |
Arksey is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England. It had an estimated population of 1,303 as of 2010. It was the birthplace of the children's writer Barbara Euphan Todd on 9 January 1890. Arksey has four satellite hamlets: Shaftholme, Tilts, Almholme and Stockbridge.
The sey in Arksey means island in Old English, which is appropriate as the village is surrounded by marshland.
Arksey is older than the Domesday Book.
The Parish church of All Saints is a Grade I listed building, dating back to the 1120s.
See also
Listed buildings in Doncaster (Bentley Ward)
Arksey railway station
References
External links
Villages in South Yorkshire |
Sir John Friend or Freind (died 1696), was an English conspirator.
Life
Friend was the eldest son of John Friend, a brewer, who resided in the precinct of St. Katharine's, near the Tower of London. He followed his father's business. He built the "stately brewhouse" called the Phœnix in the Minories, and amassed considerable wealth. For a while he maintained a fine country residence at Hackney.
In 1683 Friend was appointed a commissioner of excise. As Colonel of the Honourable Artillery Company (HAC), Friend, on occasion of their feast, 26 June 1684, had the honour of entertaining James, Duke of York and Prince George of Denmark at a banquet in the Artillery Ground. Though a Protestant, he remained a faithful adherent of James II, by whom he was knighted 3 August 1685.
After the Glorious Revolution Friend was expelled from the HAC at a meeting held in February 1689–90, and lost his seat at the board of excise. However, by a treasury order dated 18 December 1690, he was relieved from the payment of excise duties. James sent him a colonel's commission to raise a regiment of horse against event of the French invading in Kent; but, observes Burnet, 'his purse was more considered than his head, and was open on all occasions as the party applied to him'. He refused, however, to take any share in the assassination plot against William III, although he kept the secret.
On the discovery of the conspiracy he was arraigned for high treason at the Old Bailey, 23 March 1696, and was denied the assistance of counsel by Chief-justice Sir John Holt. The Treason Act 1695 which allowed counsel in cases of treason came into operation two days later. Friend was convicted and sentenced to death. He protested that the witnesses against him "were Papists, and not to be believed against Protestants". He refused to betray his confederates to a committee of the House of Commons of England.
Together with Sir William Parkyns, Friend was executed at Tyburn 3 April 1696. They received absolution at the scaffold from three nonjuring clergymen. Friend's remains were barbarously set up at Temple Bar, 'a dismal sight,’ says Evelyn, 'which many pitied'. Aylmer, the bookseller, for printing Friend's trial, 'wherein his lordship (i.e. Holt) is misrepresented,’ was arrested by order of Holt in May.
Friend was twice married. According to Le Neve, "Mr. Gibbon, John, write a little pamphlet called the whole life & conversation of Sr Jo. friend." The name is spelt either "Freind" or "Friend".
References
Year of birth missing
1696 deaths
17th-century births
English knights
People executed at Tyburn
17th-century Protestants
People from Hackney Central
People executed under the Stuarts for treason against England
Executed people from London |
Francis James Quirk (June 3, 1907 – February 5, 1974) was an American artist, educator, museum curator, and TV personality. He is best known for his paintings of Edgar Lee Masters and Carl Sandberg, as well as his affiliation with Lehigh University as a professor and curator.
Early life and education
Francis Quirk was born on June 3, 1907, in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. His parents Edward and Anne (née O’Neil) lived on 30 Waldo Street in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. He was the second of five children, the others being an older brother Edward, a younger brother Henry, younger sister Anna M. and younger sister Helen M.
Quirk completed his undergraduate work at the Rhode Island School of Design where he was the co-founder of a short-lived student humor publication, The Salamander. He completed his certificate in 1929 and his post graduate work in 1930. Upon graduation, he received the Trustees Post-Graduate Scholarship. During this year he served on the staff of the "Student Designer" in the Art Department. He later continued post-graduate studies in 1941–1942 at the University of Pennsylvania. Biographies also list him as training in Provincetown, Massachusetts, Woodstock, New York, France and Italy. He also studied under J. R. Frazier and F. Sisson.
Career
Quirk was an art teacher from 1930 until 1935 at the Montgomery School, for boys in grades 1–12 in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania. While teaching at the school, Quirk was quite active outside the classroom and establishing himself as a talented artist.
In 1932, Quirk successfully competed for a place at the Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation that allowed him to spend three months at Tiffany's estate at Laurelton Hall in Cold Spring Harbor on Long Island. Judges for the competition included impressionist painter Child Hassam and sculptor Daniel Chester French.
Also in 1932, Quirk exhibited at the Provincetown Art Association a painting of Fred Fischer's Place. He also won the Juror's Prize at the Providence Art Club's Annual Exhibition with his painting of Scott Adams III.
Ogontz College
In 1935, Quirk began a 15-year relationship with the Ogontz School for Young Ladies. For the first 5 years he was Professor of Art, Drawing, and Painting. For the last 10 years he was Head of the Art Department. While at Ogontz, on September 12, 1936, he married Anna F. Feeley with whom he had two children, Ada-Lee and Jaimie. Anna also served on the faculty of Ogontz College. She also was a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design, was Supervisor of Art in Cranston, RI public school system, founded the Cranston School of Creative Arts and exhibited her paintings in Maine.
During his time at Ogontz, his reputation as a portrait painter grew considerably. He also painted Carl Sandburg at the request of Abby Sutherland Brown. The Writers Guild of Pennsylvania commissioned a portrait of Edgar Lee Masters in 1946 that later became the 70th painting to enter the collection of the US National Portrait Gallery.
In 1940, Quirk exhibited a painting of him and his wife attending a concert at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art.
Towards the end of Quirk's tenure at Ogontz he also was a Professor of Contemporary Perspective at Philadelphia's Hussian School of Art. He taught there from 1948 to 1950, shortly after the school's founding by John Hussian in 1946 with the support of principals at the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Lehigh University
1950 was a landmark year for Quirk as he made a major transition to the all-male Lehigh University where he took over from Garth Howland as in the Fine Art Department and Director of Exhibits. In his first year he would expand the exhibit space with the establishment of the Memorial Gallery. He would later win the university's Lindbeck Award for distinguished teaching in 1965.
As Curator of the Collection he made three significant moves. First, he brought order through a comprehensive cataloging of the collection. Second, he created better display spaces and finally he began its expansion through donations from prominent alumni such as Ralph Wilson of the Timken Company and Eugene Grace of Bethlehem Steel and through borrowing. He also established lending relationships with the Ranger Fund, National Academy of Design and the Smithsonian Institution. Quirk also ran numerous exhibitions and established a program for exhibiting student art.
Technically, Quirk was an excellent draftsman who worked in a variety of medium and styles. At the time, the art world was in revolution with modern movements such as cubism and abstract art emerging. Quirk experimented in cubism, but largely remained true to a realistic style of portraiture and marine subjects.
In the media, Quirk also hosted television programs "Art as We See It" and "It's Happening There" that were broadcast on Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Station, WGPA. He also hosted programs on Philadelphia's WFIL station: "These our Own" and "You Should Know What You Like."
During his time at Lehigh Quirk bought a home in the Mountain Club in Prescott, Arizona. He named the Pine Drive home Peterspen and was active in the Mountain Club community teaching art classes. He would spend two years on special assignment in Switzerland from 1959 to 1961.
Quirk retired from teaching in 1969 but remained affiliated with the school as professor emeritus through 1972 and had a solo show there in 1973. That show featured works from his time at the Ossabaw Island Foundation who had awarded him a grant in 1968 and a fellowship in 1972.
Retirement
Quirk retired to Peterspen North, his home in the Kinney Shores area of Saco, Maine. He had spent many summers there and served as President of the Kinney Shores Association. He also exhibited his work at the Old Orchard Art Association where he had been honored with a prize in 1962 and sold his work through local galleries. He died on February 5, 1974, in the National Medical Care center in Portland Maine. He was buried in the Laurel Hill Cemetery in Saco, Maine.
Awards and exhibitions
1932, Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation Fellowship
1932, Providence Art Club, Junior Prize
1940, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Art
1946, Solo Show Women's City Club of Philadelphia
1950, Who's Who in the East
1950, Who's Who in Art
1956, Ocean Park Judges Award
1962, Old Orchard Award
1965, Lindback Award for distinguished teaching Lehigh University
Grantee 1968 and Fellow 1972, Ossabaw Island Project
1970, Impossible Art Exhibition
1973, Solo show, Allentown College of St. Francis de Sales
1974, Solo show, Lehigh University Art Gallery
Collections
National Portrait Gallery, Snite Museum of Art (University of Notre Dame), Canton Art Institute, Georgia Museum of Art, Colby College (President Strider), Lehigh University Art Galleries, Monroe County Medical Center, American Consulate Zurich, Wilson College, Allentown College, Ships Museum (Savannah), Stroudsburg Hospital, Parker College.
References
1907 births
1974 deaths
20th-century American painters
American curators
American illustrators
American portrait painters
American realist painters
American watercolorists
Painters from Maine
Painters from Pennsylvania
Pastel artists
People from Lehigh County, Pennsylvania
People from Pawtucket, Rhode Island
People from Saco, Maine
Rhode Island School of Design alumni
20th-century American male artists |
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake that forms when a wide meander from the main stem of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water.
Oxbow Lake may also refer to:
Oxbow Lake (New York), a lake in Hamilton County, New York, United States
Oxbow Lake (Virginia), a lake in Saint Paul, Virginia, United States
"Oxbow Lakes", a single by ambient house artists The Orb
See also
Oxbow (disambiguation) |
The men's pole vault was a competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. The event was held at the Olympic Stadium on 8–10 August. Thirty-two athletes from 23 nations competed. The event was won by Renaud Lavillenie of France, the nation's first victory in the event since 1996 and third overall. Björn Otto and Raphael Holzdeppe of Germany took silver and bronze, respectively; like France, it was the first time since 1996 that Germany reached the men's pole vault podium.
Summary
Nobody took an attempt at the auto-qualifying mark. As it turned out, it took a clean round through 5.50 to make the final.
Four of the 14 finalists only cleared 5.50. Four passed to 5.65 where defending champion, oft injured Steven Hooker and former world champion Brad Walker failed to clear their opening height. The medals were decided at 5.85, Renaud Lavillenie clearing on his first attempt, Björn Otto on the second and Raphael Holzdeppe on his third. The two Germans cleared 5.91 on their first attempt, while Lavillenie missed. So Lavillenie strategically passed to 5.97. On his second attempt, it was all or nothing. Lavillenie cleared it cleanly. In silver medal position on fewer misses, Otto passed to hope for a miracle at 6.02 while Holzdeppe failed at 5.97 and took the bronze. Otto's attempt at 6.02 was close but a failure. With the gold in hand Lavillenie took his remaining couple of attempts at 6.07.
During one part of the competition, Cuban Lázaro Borges was attempting to mark 5.35 metres when his pole broke into three large pieces (and at least two small ones). The incident has been used in several Olympic bloopers videos.
Background
This was the 27th appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. The top five finalists from the 2008 Games returned: gold medalist Steven Hooker of Australia, silver medalist Yevgeny Lukyanenko of Russia, bronze medalist (later stripped) Denys Yurchenko of Ukraine, fourth-place finisher (later upgraded to bronze medalist) Derek Miles of the United States, and fifth-place finisher Dmitry Starodubtsev of Russia. Other returning finalists were Raphael Holzdeppe of Germany and Jan Kudlička of the Czech Republic. Renaud Lavillenie of France had taken third at the last two world championships and was favored to win, over reigning world champion Paweł Wojciechowski of Poland.
Croatia made its men's pole vaulting debut. The United States made its 26th appearance, most of any nation, having missed only the boycotted 1980 Games.
Qualification
A National Olympic Committee (NOC) could enter up to 3 qualified athletes in the men's pole vault event if all athletes met the A standard, or 1 athlete if they met the B standard. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The qualifying height standards could be obtained in various meets during the qualifying period that had the approval of the IAAF. Both outdoor and indoor meets were eligible. The A standard for the 2012 men's pole vault was 5.72 metres; the B standard was 5.60 metres. The qualifying period for was from 1 May 2011 to 8 July 2012. NOCs could also have an athlete enter the pole vault through a universality place. NOCs could enter one male athlete in an athletics event, regardless of height, if they had no male athletes meeting the qualifying A or B standards in any men's athletic event.
Competition format
The competition consisted of two rounds, qualification and final. In qualification, each athlete had three attempts at each height and was eliminated if he failed to clear any height. Athletes who successfully jumped the qualifying height moved on the final. If fewer than 12 reached that height, the best 12 moved on. Cleared heights reset for the final, which followed the same three-attempts-per-height format until all athletes reached a height they could not jump.
Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows:
Renaud Lavillenie cleared 5.97 metres to win the gold medal and set a new Olympic record.
Schedule
All times are British Summer Time (UTC+1)
Results
Qualifying round
Qual. rule: qualification standard 5.70m (Q) or at least best 12 (q) qualified.
Final
References
Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Pole vault at the Olympics
Men's events at the 2012 Summer Olympics |
Subang is a federal constituency in Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat since 1995.
The federal constituency was created from parts of the Shah Alam constituency in the 1994 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.
Demographics
https://live.chinapress.com.my/ge15/parliament/Selangor
History
Polling districts
According to the federal gazette issued on 18 July 2023, the Subang constituency is divided into 49 polling districts.
Representation history
Note: 1Noted that in 2018 redelineation exercise this Subang constituency is now shifted south to Subang Jaya city centre from former Kelana Jaya constituency, not Subang, Selangor in Shah Alam where the Subang Skypark located which now renamed as Sungai Buloh.
State constituency
Current state assembly members
Local governments
Election results
Note: 2Mohd Shahir Mohd Adnan was a candidate of Malaysia National Alliance Party (IKATAN), who had contested under the PAS banner through the Gagasan Sejahtera pact.
References
Selangor federal constituencies |
Priyanka Nair is an Indian model-turned-actress who predominantly works in the Malayalam film industry. She made her debut in the Tamil film Veyyil in 2006. She gained critical acclaim for her roles in Bhoomi Malayalam, Vilapangalkappuram and Jalam.
Early and personal life
Priyanka completed her Higher Secondary School Certificate studies and studied Physics at the Mar Ivanios College, Trivandrum. During that time, she was also acting part-time in several Malayalam television series, including Umakkuyil, Megham and Akashadoothu. She considered acting in serials as "just time pass" and went on to add that she never intended to act in films, but rather wanted to be a lecturer.
Priyanka married Tamil film director and actor Lawrence Ram on 23 May 2012 at Attukal Temple in Thiruvananthapuram. They have a son Mukund, born on 18 May 2013. The couple filed for divorce in 2015.
Career
She made her feature film debut in the Vasanthabalan-directed Tamil drama film Veyyil (2006) that was produced by director Shankar, in which she starred along with Pasupathy. Her debut Malayalam film was Kichamani MBA (2007) that featured her in a supporting role. The following year she starred in T. V. Chandran's Vilapangalkkappuram along with Suhasini and Biju Menon; her performance earned her the Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress. Rediff named her the top Malayalam actress of 2009, citing that she "came up with a scintillating performance". She rose to popularity after appearing opposite Mohanlal in Ividam Swargamanu. Priyanka loves riding her Royal Enfield Bullet motorcycle.
Awards
Kerala State Film Award
2008 – Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress- Vilapangalkkappuram
Asianet Film Award
2008 – Second Best Actress – Vilapangalkkappuram
South Indian Cinema and Television Academy Award
2019 – Best Actress – The Better Half
Filmography
Television
Serials
Thaarattu (DD)
Sthreejanmam (Surya TV)
Umakkuyil (DD)
Megham (Asianet)
Swarnamayooram (Asianet) as ThankamThulasidalam (Surya TV)
Sahadharmini (Asianet)
Kurukshethram (Amrita TV)
Aakashadoothu'' (Surya TV)
Program
Celebrity Kitchen Magic (Kairali TV) as Judge
Nostalgia (Kairali TV) as Anchor
Your Choice (Asianet) as Anchor
Priyabhavam (Kairali TV) as Presenter
Page 3 (Kappa TV)
Sell Me the Answer as Participant
Comedy Stars (Asianet)
Red Carpet (Amrita TV) as Mentor
Parayam Nedam (Amrita TV)
Let's Rock N Roll (Zee Keralam)
Flowers Oru Kodi (Flowers TV)
Fastest Family First Season 2 (Asianet)
Endorsements
Maruthua Panjajeeraka Gudam
Nana
Kerala Kaumudi
Vanitha
Cream Life
Manorama
KSFE
References
External links
Indian film actresses
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Living people
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
Kerala State Film Award winners
Actresses from Thiruvananthapuram
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Indian actresses
Female models from Thiruvananthapuram
Actresses in Malayalam television
Actresses in Kannada cinema |
Ring size is a measurement used to denote the circumference (or sometimes the diameter) of jewellery rings and smart rings.
om plastic, delrin, wood, aluminium, or of multiple materials. Digital ring sticks can be used for highly accurate measurements.
Measurement systems
International standard
ISO 8653:2016 defines standard ring sizes in terms of the inner circumference of the ring measured in millimetres. ISO sizes are used in Austria, France, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland), and other countries in Continental Europe.
This international standard specifies a method to measure the ring-size using a ring stick with defined characteristics, which is used during manufacturing steps, and specifies the designation of the ring-size.
For jeweller-consumer relationships, the finger size is measured with a finger gauge set made up of a ring for each size with the same diameter and tolerance as the ring stick ones. The sizes are in millimeters and correspond directly to the outer circumference of the ring stick to the inner circumference of the finger gauge.
Other traditional and regional systems
Other ring size measurement systems are used in areas that do not use ISO 8653:2016.
North America
In the United States, Canada, and Mexico, ring sizes are specified using a numerical scale with steps, where whole sizes differ by of internal diameter, equivalent to of internal circumference. The relationship of this size () to ISO 8653:2016 circumference () is , while the relationship to ISO 8653:2016 diameter () is .
The Circular of the Bureau of Standards summarizes the situation with this system: "While there apparently is only one standard in use in the United States, in reality, because of the lack of specific dimensions and because of the errors introduced by the adoption of a common commercial article as a pattern, there are many, although similar, standards." The standards are generally consistent and remain so. There does not appear to have been any improvement in the standard since then.
Ireland, United Kingdom, Australia
In Ireland, the United Kingdom and Australia, ring sizes are specified using an alphabetical scale with half sizes. Originally in 1945, the divisions were based on the ring inside diameter in steps of . However in 1987 BSI updated the standard to the metric system so that one alphabetical size division equals 1.25 mm of circumferential length. For a baseline, ring size C has a circumference of 40 mm.
India, Japan, China
In India, Japan and China, ring sizes are specified using a numerical scale with whole sizes that does not have a linear correlation with diameter or circumference.
Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany
In Italy, Spain, and Switzerland, ring sizes are specified as the circumference minus 40 mm: for example, size 10 in this system is equivalent to ISO 8653:2016 size 50.
Russia
In Russia, ring sizes are equal to the inner diameter rounded to whole and half numbers, sometimes to quarters, for example diameter 16.92 mm is equal to size 17, 16.1 mm is equal to size 16.
Equivalency table
Resizing
Most rings can be resized; the method of doing so depends on the complexity of the ring and its material. For example, rings of soft material may be opened using a special form of punch. In other cases, the ring may need to be cut open and material either added or removed before fusing the ring together again. All other factors being equal, sizing a ring up will cost more than sizing a ring down: while sizing up requires the jeweler add precious metal, sizing down allows them to remove and reuse it.
Sizing beads
Small metal beads called sizing beads can be added to the inner circumference of a ring to:
Decrease the effective inner diameter of a ring that is too big, to aid in holding the ring in place against the finger
Counterbalance top-heavy rings
Keep a ring from spinning for wearers whose knuckles are much larger than their finger base
Sizing beads are typically made of the same metal as the rest of the ring since it is easier to solder two similar metals.
References
Rings (jewellery)
Sizes in clothing
External links
Ring Size |
Le Halua Le is a 2012 Indian Bengali-language comedy film directed by Raja Chanda, starring Mithun Chakraborty. The film is the remake of successful film Hungama and
Poochakkoru Mookkuthi directed by Priyadarshan.
Cast
Mithun Chakraborty as Harshabardhan Banerjee
Soham Chakraborty as Rahul
Hiran as Suvojeet/Suvo
Payel Sarkar as Sonali
Aritra Dutta Banik as Dipu
Kharaj Mukherjee as Gobindo
Kanchan Mullick as Langcha
Subhasish Mukherjee as Madhusudan, Harshabardhan's servant
Laboni Sarkar as Sonali Banerjee, Harshabardhan's wife
Kamalika Banerjee as Rahul's mother
Rajat Ganguly as Rahul's father
Sumit Ganguly as Goon
Shantilal Mukherjee as Police Inspector
Locket Chatterjee as Gobindo's wife
Rajatava Dutta as Sona Da MLA
Soundtrack
External links
References
2012 films
Indian comedy films
Bengali remakes of Malayalam films
Films scored by Jeet Ganguly
Bengali-language Indian films
2010s Bengali-language films
Films directed by Raja Chanda |
Naval Air Station New Iberia, located near New Iberia, Louisiana, was a short-lived training facility of the United States Navy which operated for a mere five years in the 1960s.
The naval base at New Iberia was actually designated NAAS, indicating that it was a Naval Auxiliary Air Station. The U.S. Navy airfield identifier for New Iberia was KNIL.
History
The site of NAAS New Iberia had served as a civil airport between 1946 and 1954. In 1954 the Department of Defense selected the airport for development as a naval air station.
Due to the runway length requirements of naval jet aircraft, 4,000 acres were purchased by the Federal Government and an 8,002-foot concrete runway, Runway 16/34, was constructed. Commissioned in 1960, Naval Auxiliary Air Station New Iberia was located near U.S. Highway 90 just outside New Iberia and covered an area of 4,347 acres of land and had an elevation of 24 feet.
With the opening of NAAS New Iberia, its primary flying unit, Advanced Training Unit-B moved from Naval Air Station Kingsville/South Field, Texas and was redesignated as Training Squadron TWENTY SEVEN (VT-27). Operating Grumman TS-2A Trackers, the squadron conducted advanced multiengine training for Student Naval Aviators destined for carrier-based A-1 Skyraider, S-2 Tracker and E-1 Tracer aircraft, and land-based naval aircraft and seaplanes, primarily those engaged in airborne early warning mission flying the EC-121 Warning Star, and those in the patrol and anti-submarine warfare mission, such as the P-2 Neptune, P5M Marlin, and the new P-3 Orion that began coming on line in the early 1960s.
Approximately 1,000 military personnel and 100 civilian workers were stationed at NAAS New Iberia in 1964, including those assigned to VT-27. Naval Auxiliary Air Station New Iberia continued to function until 1964 when the Navy began closing the facility. On 29 September 1964, VT-27 transferred to Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Texas, with the squadron instructor pilots flying out the TS-2 Trackers. NAS New Iberia was finally closed in January 1965.
Upon the closure of the naval field, the Iberia Parish governing body petitioned the U.S. government for release of 2,100 acres of air station property for civil aviation use. The petition was granted in 1970 and the airport was given its present name, Acadiana Regional Airport. The Acadiana Regional Airport is classified as a General Aviation Transport airport by the Federal Aviation Authority. By definition, the airport is capable of serving all classes of aircraft.
A variety of aviation-related businesses are located at the airport. Many helicopters and seaplanes utilize the airport in support of the offshore petroleum industry in the Gulf of Mexico. Commercial passenger service is provided by a number of charter operators at the airport.
References
1960 establishments in Louisiana
1965 disestablishments in Louisiana
Military installations in Louisiana
Airports in Louisiana
Military installations closed in 1965
Military installations established in 1960
Buildings and structures in Iberia Parish, Louisiana
New Iberia
Closed installations of the United States Navy |
Wuli railway station is a station on the Chinese Qinghai–Tibet Railway.
See also
Qinghai–Tibet Railway
List of stations on Qinghai–Tibet railway
Railway stations in Qinghai
Stations on the Qinghai–Tibet Railway |
Mephisto Lake is a lake in the Trent River and Lake Ontario drainage basins. It is located in the geographic township of Cashel, in the township municipality of Tudor and Cashel, Hastings County, Ontario, Canada, about north of the rural community of Gunter and southeast of the town of Bancroft.
The lake is about long and and lies at an elevation of . The primary inflow is Mephisto Creek at the northeast. There are also four unnamed creek inflows: one at the north from Mawson Lake, one at the east, and two at the south, one of which comes from the direction of Cashel Lake. The primary outflow is a channel to Dark Lake, which flows via Dixon Creek, Beaver Creek, the Crowe River and the Trent River to the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario at Trenton.
See also
List of lakes in Ontario
References
Lakes of Hastings County |
The men's doubles tournament at the 1989 US Open was held from August 28 to September 10, 1989, on the outdoor hard courts of the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City, United States. John McEnroe and Mark Woodforde won the title, defeating Ken Flach and Robert Seguso in the final.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
External links
Main draw
1989 US Open – Men's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation
Men's Doubles
US Open (tennis) by year – Men's doubles |
Everly Lake is a small alpine lake in Boise County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area. The lake is accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 007 from trail 458.
Everly Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries. Plummer Lake is over the pass to the southeast of Everly Lake.
References
See also
List of lakes of the Sawtooth Mountains (Idaho)
Sawtooth National Forest
Sawtooth National Recreation Area
Sawtooth Range (Idaho)
Lakes of Idaho
Lakes of Boise County, Idaho
Glacial lakes of the United States
Glacial lakes of the Sawtooth Wilderness |
is a passenger railway station in the town of Tokigawa, Saitama, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Myōkaku Station is served by the Hachikō Line between and . It is located 44.8 kilometers from the official starting point of the line at .
Station layout
The station consists of two opposed side platforms serving two tracks, which form a passing loop on the single-track line. The platforms are connected by a level crossing. The station is unattended.
Platforms
History
The station opened on 24 March 1934. The station building was destroyed in a fire on 8 November 1988, and a new building was completed on 18 September 1989.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2010, the station was used by an average of 454 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
Surrounding area
Tamagawa Post Office
Former Tamagawa Village Hall
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
Stations of East Japan Railway Company
Railway stations in Saitama Prefecture
Hachikō Line
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1934
Tokigawa, Saitama |
The island of Cebu in the Philippines is home to various species of reptiles and amphibians. Supsup, et al. (2016) recorded a total of 13 amphibian species and 63 reptile species.
Brachymeles cebuensis is a rare skink endemic to Cebu. Secretive blind snakes such as Malayotyphlops hypogius and Ramphotyhlops cumingii are found on the island as well. Other endemic species in Cebu include the Cebu Flowerpecker (Diceaum quadricolor), Cebu Slender Skink (Brachymeles cebuensis), Cebu Cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum cebuense), and Black Shama (Copsychus cebuensis).
Amphibians
Bufonidae
Rhinella marina
Ceratobatrachidae
Platymantis dorsalis
Platymantis corrugatus
Dicroglossidae
Fejervarya moodiei
Fejervarya vittigera
Limnonectes leytensis
Limnonectes visayanus
Occidozyga laevis
Microhylidae
Kaloula conjuncta negrosensis
Kaloula picta
Kaloula pulchra
Ranidae
Hylarana erythraea
Rhacophoridae
Polypedates leucomystax
Reptiles
Turtles
Bataguridae
Cuora amboinensis amboinensis
Pelodiscus sinensis
Crocodiles
Crocodylidae
Crocodylus porosus
Lizards
Agamidae
Bronchocela cf. cristatella
Draco spilopterus
Gonocephalus sophiae
Hydrosaurus pustulatus
Dibamidae
Dibamus novaeguineae
Gekkonidae
Cyrtodactylus annulatus
Cyrtodactylus philippinicus
Gehyra mutilata
Gekko gecko
Gekko mindorensis
Hemidactylus frenatus
Hemidactylus platyurus
Hemidactylus stejnegeri
Hemiphyllodactylus insularis
Hemiphyllodactylus cf. typus
Lepidodactylus aureolineatus
Lepidodactylus herrei medianus
Lepidodactylus lugubris
Lepidodactylus planicauda
Pseudogekko atiorum
Scincidae
Brachymeles taylori
Brachymeles cebuensis — endemic
Brachymeles gracilis
Emoia atrocostata
Eutropis cf. indeprensa
Eutropis multicarinata borealis
Eutropis multifasciata
Lamprolepis smaragdina philippinica
Lipinia auriculata
Lipinia quadrivittata
Parvoscincus steerei
Pinoyscincus jagori grandis
Tropidophorus grayi
Varanidae
Varanus nuchalis
Snakes
Acrochordidae
Acrochordus granulatus
Colubridae
Ahaetulla prasina preocularis
Calamaria gervaisi
Chrysopelea paradisi
Coelognathus erythrurus psephenoura
Cyclocorus lineatus alcalai
Dendrelaphis philippinensis
Dendrelaphis marenae
Lycodon capucinus
Psammodynastes pulverulentus
Pseudorabdion mcnamarae
Pseudorabdion oxycephalum
Elapidae
Hemibungarus gemianulis
Hydrophis cyanocinctus
Laticauda colubrina
Laticauda laticaudata
Ophiophagus hannah
Gerrhopilidae
Gerrhopilus hedraeus
Homalopsidae
Cerberus schneiderii
Lamprophiidae
Oxyrhabdium leporinum visayanum
Natricidae
Tropidonophis negrosensis
Pythonidae
Malayopython reticulatus
Typhlopidae
Malayotyphlops hypogius
Malayotyphlops luzonensis
Malayotyphlops ruber
Ramphotyphlops braminus
Ramphotyphlops cumingii
References
Supsup, Christian & Puna, Nevong & Asis, Augusto & Redoblado, Bernard & Fatima Panaguinit, Maria & Guinto, Faith & Rico, Edmund & Diesmos, Arvin & Brown, Rafe & Mallari, Neil. (2016). Amphibians and Reptiles of Cebu, Philippines: The Poorly Understood Herpetofauna of an Island with Very Little Remaining Natural Habitat. Asian Herpetological Research. 7. 151-179. 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.150049.
'
'
'
Philippines |
Kristina "Mulle" Kristiansen (born 13 July 1989) is a Danish handball player for Nykøbing Falster Håndboldklub and the Danish national team.
International honours
Danish Championship:
Winner: 2017
Runner-up: 2013
EHF Cup:
Winner: 2013
Runner-up: 2011
World Championship:
Bronze Medalist: 2013
World Youth Championship:
Gold Medalist: 2006
Individual awards
Danish League Top Scorer: 2010, 2016
Danish League Best Centre Back: 2016
All-Star Playmaker of the European Championship: 2014
References
External links
1989 births
Living people
Danish female handball players
People from Høje-Taastrup Municipality
Danish LGBT sportspeople
Danish lesbians
LGBT handball players
Lesbian sportswomen
Nykøbing Falster Håndboldklub players
Handball players from Region Zealand
Handball players from the Capital Region of Denmark |
The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA) () is a United States law enacted in 1993, one of a series of laws designed to improve government performance management. The GPRA requires agencies to engage in performance management tasks such as setting goals, measuring results, and reporting their progress. In order to comply with the GPRA, agencies produce strategic plans, performance plans, and conduct gap analyses of projects. The GPRA of 1993 established project planning, strategic planning, and set up a framework of reporting for agencies to show the progress they make towards achieving their goals.
The GPRA Modernization Act of 2010 took the existing requirements of the 1993 act and developed a more efficient and modern system for government agencies to report their progress.
History
The Government Performance Act was signed by President Clinton on August 3, 1993 but not implemented until the year 1999. From the time it was signed, the Government focused on data collection and preparation for the following fiscal year. The fiscal year for the federal budget always starts October 1 and ends September 30 the following year. Before the GPRA was enacted, there was an attempted piece of legislation in the 1960s trying to fulfill the task the GPRA now achieves; it was called the Program Planning and Budgeting System. Similar legislation also attempted to approach performance management such as Zero-Based Budgeting, Total Quality Management, and a few other minor programs. These were some of the many unsuccessful programs that tried to establish Federal Performance Budgeting. Where these other bills failed to receive enough legislative approval to be made into law, the GPRA was successfully approved by both Congress and the President. To ensure the GPRA continued to have a lasting impact, President Obama signed the Government Performance and Results Modernization Act of 2010 into law on January 4, 2011. The GPRA has fully served its intended purpose of agency goal reporting and achieving for twenty three years.
Purposes of the 1993 Act
This act was established to gain trust of the American people. The government will be held accountable for all programs results to be achieved.
Establish goal setting for all government agencies.
Aid Congressional Committees in their ability to amend, suspend, or establish programs based on performance for each fiscal year.
Improve the performance of all federal agencies and measure their effectiveness.
Compare current results to previous years as a measure of effectiveness.
Highlights the operational processes, skills, technology, human, capital information, or any other resources that are required to meet new goals for that specific year.
The Three GPRA Elements
Agencies are required to develop five-year strategic plans that must contain a mission statement for the agency as well as long-term, results-oriented goals covering each of its major functions.
Agencies are required to prepare annual performance plans that establish the performance goals for the applicable fiscal year, a brief description of how these goals are to be met, and a description of how these performance goals can be verified.
Agencies must prepare annual performance reports that review the agency's success or failure in meeting its targeted performance goals. The performance goals must cover each program activity made in the agency budget.
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is tasked pursuant to the GPRA with producing an annual report on agency performance. This is produced with the President's annual budget request.
The Executive branch oversees the implementation of the GPRA. The key component of the GPRA is for agencies to establish their goals and performance needed to achieve success in the particular agency or program. It also calls for agencies to clearly state their operational process, budgeting strategies, technology and skill positions, as well as, other resources necessary to meeting goals. Providing a strategy to compare the actual achievements of an agency to those performance goals they set out to achieve is also key.
GPRA Modernization Act of 2010
On January 4, 2011, President Obama signed , the GPRA Modernization Act of 2010 (GPRAMA), into law as . Section 10 requires agencies to publish their strategic and performance plans and reports in machine-readable formats. StratML is such a format. Agencies are required to identify "key factors external to the agency and beyond its control that could significantly affect the achievement of the general goals and objectives". Implementation of the act was led by the Office of Management and Budget which was led by Jeffrey Zients and his associate Shelley H. Metzenbaum.
Performance Plans and Reports
Each report includes a list of performance goals for each program. This includes indicators that help measure the outcome for each goal. The performance achieved with a comparison with the performance levels and the goals they had set for the year. If the performance goal was not met for that fiscal year, an explanation had to be given of why the goals that were initially met were not. Following up the explanation they have to give a written plan of what they will do to meet their goals the following fiscal year. They have to give a description of how each goal was useful and how effective it was to the final result. These results will be sent to the President and to Congress. The results can be accessed by the public once they are published.
See also
Federal Acquisitions Streamlining Act
Information Technology Management Reform Act (Clinger-Cohen Act)
References
External links
Government Performance Results Act of 1993 - at WhiteHouse.gov
White House Office of Management and Budget Budget and Performance Integration page
OMB, Implementation of the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
Government Performance and Results Act - at GAO Reports
GPRA Modernization Act (GPRAMA)
Strategy Markup Language (StratML)
Hanks, C.H.,"Should the Federal Government Continue Its Pursuit of Proprietary Financial Statements?" Journal of Government Financial Management, Spring 2014, Vol. 63, No. 1., pgs.12-18.
Kravchuk, Robert S., and Ronald W. Schack. Designing Effective Performance-Measurement Systems under the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993. 4th ed. Vol. 56. N.p.: American Society for Public Administration, 1996. Print. Pgs. 348-358
Office of the Government Result Information
United States federal government administration legislation
1993 in American law
Organizational performance management
Acts of the 111th United States Congress |
Three ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Perkins for George Hamilton Perkins (1836–1899).
The first was a modified launched in 1909, served in World War I and decommissioned in 1919.
The second was a launched in 1935, served in World War II and sank following a collision with Australian troopship Duntroon in 1942.
The third was a launched in 1944 and sold to Argentina in 1973.
United States Navy ship names |
Ostrearia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Hamamelidaceae. The only species is Ostrearia australiana.
Its native range is Northeastern and Eastern Queensland.
References
Hamamelidaceae
Monotypic Saxifragales genera |
Watts's spiny rat (Maxomys wattsi) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
It is endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia.
References
Maxomys
Mammals described in 1991
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Rodents of Sulawesi
Endemic fauna of Indonesia |
The Ann Arbor Railway Howell Depot is a railroad depot located at 128 Wetmore Street in Howell, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. The depot is currently used as the Howell Depot Museum.
History
In the early 1880s, Howell was served by one railroad, the Detroit, Lansing and Northern Railroad. In 1885, promoters for a new proposed line, the Toledo, Ann Arbor and North Michigan Railway, raised money to include Howell on the railroad's route, arguing that having two lines serving the town would reduce prices through competition. This depot was constructed in the fall of 1886 to serve the railroad, and the line was completed a short time later. In 1895, the railway was renamed the Ann Arbor Railroad. The depot was used for passenger service until 1951, when service ceased. The railway continued to use the depot as office space. In 1970, the Howell Area Historical Society purchased the depot and opened it as a museum.
Description
The Ann Arbor Railway Station is a rectangular brick side-gable building measuring 50 feet by 22 feet. It has a bay window located on the track side, with the remaining windows being two over two sliding sash units with arched hoods. The interior has tree room with eighteen foot ceilings. Wainscoting in the rooms is approximately four feet high; and the floor boards are two feet wide.
Gallery
References
National Register of Historic Places in Livingston County, Michigan
Buildings and structures completed in 1886
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
Former railway stations in Michigan |
Damavand Mineral Waters Company () is the leader and largest bottled mineral water producer in Iran. It is a joint venture with Danone Group, number 2 in bottled water worldwide.
In 2010 and in 2015 Iran's Health Ministry announced that Damavand bottled water had a microbial infection and the company was prosecuted.
History
In 1973, the company Perrier from France in association with local investors decided to build a mineral water plant in Iran.
In 1977, after all the installations were done, they started some testing and analysis of the water in 4 different seasons to make sure that the mineral percentages are constant, and in 1978, the company started to present its products to the market as the first mineral water company in Iran.
In 1998, Group Castel from France became partners with the Iranian owners and they started to grow the firm.
In 2006, group Danone from France (the leader of mineral water in the world, owner of brands such as EVIAN & VOLVIC) bought Group Castel's share. Today, Damavand water is the leader of more than 370 MB per year. It has around 400 employees and one of the most efficient distribution systems with 7 warehouses across the country.
In 2010 NATO army in Afghanistan rejected Damavand bottled water, and Iran's Health Ministry announced that Damavand bottled water was polluted.
In 2015 Iran's Health ministry announced that Damavand bottled water has microbial infection and the company was prosecuted.
Products
The products are all in polyethylene terephthalate bottles with the most advanced European machines:
Damavand Mineral Water (1.5L & 1L & 0.5L)
Carbonated water: Sparkling mineral water: (0.3L & 1.250L)
Soft drink: Topsia Cola, Topsia Orange, Topsia Lemon, Topsia Tropical (0.3L & 1.250L)
References
Manufacturer
BottledWaterWeb
External links
Food and drink companies of Iran
Food and drink companies established in 1973
Iranian brands
1973 establishments in Iran
Bottled water brands
Mineral water |
Tosca is a genus of moth in the family Gelechiidae.
Species
Tosca elachistella (Busck, 1906)
Tosca plutonella Heinrich, 1920
Tosca pollostella (Busck, 1906)
References
Anomologini
Gelechiidae genera |
Club-level seating is a special section of seating in modern sports stadiums and arenas.
Background
The club level is usually located towards the middle of the stage of seating sections, above the lower deck but below the upper deck. They are usually situated near the luxury boxes, whether right above, right below, or sandwiched between two levels of luxury boxes. Club-level seating is typically considered a more exclusive class of seating than elsewhere in the venue, other than the luxury boxes.
Unlike some luxury box levels, most club levels do not wrap entirely around the venue. Some club levels stop at a certain point, giving way to an expansion of the mezzanine, while others give way to lower-class luxury boxes (such as "party suites"). A notable exception to this is Emirates Stadium in London, which has a complete tier of club seating.
Club levels normally provide fans several additional amenities than standard seating. Club-level seating is open to the elements, as opposed to the entirely enclosed luxury boxes, which gives more of an outdoor impression at roofless and open-roof stadiums and arenas. Club-level seating is normally bought on a contract basis to allow for maximum profit on the part of the venue.
The club level provides fans with special access to an indoor part of the venue exclusive to fans with special tickets. These areas are climate-controlled year-round and allow access to special restaurants, bars, merchandise stands, and lounge areas of the venue. Concession stands and vendors on the club level also often offer different menus than in other stands to give more of a special feel to the club. These areas are closed off to the rest of the venue, and they usually can only be accessed through the exclusive, private club entrances.
References
Sports terminology
Seating |
The 1958 Kentucky Wildcats football team represented the University of Kentucky as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1958 NCAA University Division football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Blanton Collier, the Wildcats compiled an overall record of 5–4–1 with a mark of 3–4–1 in conference play, placing tied for sixth in the SEC.
Season
Kentucky opened with a 51–0 win over Hawaii at Fairgrounds Stadium in Louisville. A 13–0 win in the SEC opener against Georgia Tech followed. 2–0 Kentucky, then ranked #17 in the AP poll, then lost four games in a row: 27–6 to #9 Ole Miss in Memphis, 8–0 to #1 Auburn, 32–7 at #9 LSU and 28–0 at Georgia. A 33–12 win over Mississippi State was followed by a 0–0 tie against Vanderbilt. After a 20–6 win against Xavier, Kentucky closed the season with a 6–2 victory at Tennessee.
The victory over Tennessee was Kentucky's second in a row, and second in a stretch of four games in which Kentucky denied Tennessee a win. The Wildcats were invited to participate in the 1958 Bluegrass Bowl but declined due to what they considered to be poor treatment during their season opener, a win against Hawaii in the stadium in which the Bluegrass Bowl would be played. Florida State and Oklahoma State played in the 1958 Bluegrass Bowl instead.
Schedule
Schedule source:
Team players in the 1959 NFL Draft
References
Kentucky
Kentucky Wildcats football seasons
Kentucky Wildcats football |
Gordon Richards Matthews, CBE, FCA, FRSA (16 December 1908 – 4 February 2000) was a British chartered accountant, Director of a department store, and politician. Despite a near half-century involvement in the Conservative Party in the West Midlands, he served only a single term in Parliament.
Accountancy
Matthews attended Repton School but did not go to university. Instead he trained as a chartered accountant, qualifying in 1932. His grandfather, William Matthews, had joined with John Rackham to set up Rackhams and Matthews department store in Bull Street, Birmingham, and this business had also employed his father Frank. Matthews himself joined the company in 1933 as a secretary, using his knowledge of accountancy.
Conservative links
In 1934 Matthews married Ruth Brooks, the daughter of the former Lord Mayor of Birmingham Sir David Brooks. He also became involved in the Conservative Party, and in 1937 was appointed as Hon. Treasurer of Deritend Unionist Association. At the outbreak of the Second World War, Matthews enlisted in the Royal Navy; he was all set to join when he was switched to work as an accountant at the Admiralty.
At the end of the war, Matthews fought the Deritend division of Birmingham in the 1945 general election. He spent a great deal of time in the late 1940s reviving the Young Unionist association in Birmingham, under his own chairmanship. From 1948 to 1953 Matthews served as Hon. Secretary of the Birmingham Unionist Association, and at the 1950 general election he was the candidate in Birmingham Yardley. In the 1950s, Matthews was a member of the Board of Management of the Linen and Woollen Drapers Institution and acted as President of its Appeal for the year 1954–1955. He also get involved in the YMCA and was Chairman of the Finance Committee for the Birmingham Area. From 1957 to 1964, he was President of the City of Birmingham Friendly Society.
Parliamentary candidate
Matthews did not find a seat at the 1951 or 1955 general elections, but was adopted for Meriden for the 1959 general election. This was a Labour-held marginal constituency which included prosperous and working-class areas, but Matthews took advantage of the national trend to the Conservatives to overturn a majority of over 1,000 to win by 263 votes.
Backbencher
He proved a generally loyal Conservative backbencher, although he at first abstained on, and then supported, a new clause in the Finance Bill moved by Gerald Nabarro which aimed at exempting owner-occupiers from Schedule A income tax to which the government was opposed. In December 1960 he was appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary to Reginald Bevins; in March 1961, he initiated a debate on housing for the elderly, and called for private housebuilders to build more suitable homes. In December 1962 he called for reform of the rating system so that the burden fell more evenly. He opposed the government's move to abolish resale price maintenance in 1964, but abstained rather than vote against.
Defeat
At the 1964 general election, Matthews had a tough time defending his seat given his narrow majority and the national trend to Labour. However, his record of diligent constituency work and the increased local prosperity (the car manufacturers were significant local employers) helped him. In one of the last results to be announced on the day of the election, Matthews lost to the Labour candidate – but only by 363 votes, a much better result for him than national trends would have seen.
Post-Parliament career
Matthews found he had more time for his voluntary activities and served on the National Council and National Executive Committee of the YMCA from 1968 to 1971. He was also Chairman of the Finance Committee of the YWCA Birmingham Area from 1965 to 1972. Although giving up Parliamentary ambitions, he remained involved in the Conservative Party and served as Deputy Chairman, then Chairman of the West Midlands Conservative Council.
Later in the 1970s, Matthews retired to Chipping Campden in Gloucestershire. He was Chairman of the Oxfordshire Branch of the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE) in the late 1970s and served one last term as President of the West Midlands Conservatives from 1983 to 1985. He died after a fall in 2000.
References
"Who Was Who", A & C Black
"Obituary: Tory MP and Rackhams director who revived Young Unionist movement", Birmingham Post, 11 February 2000
The Times
External links
1908 births
2000 deaths
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
People educated at Repton School
UK MPs 1959–1964
Politicians from Birmingham, West Midlands |
Petrophile scabriuscula is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. It is a dense, prickly shrub with sharply-pointed, needle-shaped leaves more or less pressed against the branchlets, and oval heads of hairy, yellow to creamy-yellow flowers.
Description
Petrophile scabriuscula is a dense, prickly shrub that typically grows to a height of and has softly hairy young branchlets that become glabrous with age. The leaves are needle-shaped, sharply-pointed, long, more or less pressed against the branchlets and softly hairy. The flowers are arranged on the ends of branchlets in sessile, oval heads up to in diameter, with many overlapping involucral bracts at the base. The flowers are long, yellow to creamy-yellow and hairy. Flowering occurs from May to October and the fruit is a nut, fused with others in a spherical to oval head about in diameter.
Taxonomy
Petrophile scabriuscula was first formally described in 1845 by Carl Meissner in Johann Georg Christian Lehmann's book Plantae Preissianae from material collected by James Drummond near the Swan River. The specific epithet (scabriuscula) means "minutely scabrous".
Distribution and habitat
This petrophile grows in sandy woodland from Kalbarri National Park to near Moora in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains and Swan Coastal Plain biogeographic regions.
Conservation status
Petrophile scabriuscula is classified as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.
References
scabriuscula
Eudicots of Western Australia
Endemic flora of Western Australia
Plants described in 1845
Taxa named by Carl Meissner |
Top-seeded pair Scott Davis and David Pate won in the final against second-seeds Jim Grabb and Leonardo Lavalle.
Seeds
Champion seeds are indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which those seeds were eliminated.
Scott Davis / David Pate (champions)
Jim Grabb / Leonardo Lavalle (final)
Brad Pearce / Richey Reneberg (quarterfinals)
Broderick Dyke / Tim Wilkison (quarterfinals)
Draw
References
1990 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships |
Wilhelm Meyer may refer to:
Wilhelm Franz Meyer (1856–1934), German mathematician
Wilhelm Meyer (philologist) (1845–1917), who identified the poems of Hugh Prima
Wilhelm Meyer, inculpated in the Adolph Beck case
Wilhelm Meyer (physician), Danish physician who invented adenoidectomy in 1868
Wilhelm Meyer (rosarian) (1870–1954), German priest and rosarian in Altnau |
```c
/*
* friso hash table implements functions
* defined in header file "friso_API.h".
*
* @author chenxin <chenxin619315@gmail.com>
*/
#include "friso_API.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
//-166411799L
//31 131 1331 13331 133331 ..
//31 131 1313 13131 131313 .. the best
#define HASH_FACTOR 1313131
/* ************************
* mapping function area *
**************************/
__STATIC_API__ uint_t hash( fstring str, uint_t length )
{
//hash code
uint_t h = 0;
while ( *str != '\0' ) {
h = h * HASH_FACTOR + ( *str++ );
}
return (h % length);
}
/*test if a integer is a prime.*/
__STATIC_API__ int is_prime( int n )
{
int j;
if ( n == 2 || n == 3 ) {
return 1;
}
if ( n == 1 || n % 2 == 0 ) {
return 0;
}
for ( j = 3; j * j < n; j++ ) {
if ( n % j == 0 ) {
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
/*get the next prime just after the speicified integer.*/
__STATIC_API__ int next_prime( int n )
{
if ( n % 2 == 0 ) n++;
for ( ; ! is_prime( n ); n = n + 2 ) ;
return n;
}
//fstring copy, return the pointer of the new string.
//static fstring string_copy( fstring _src ) {
//int bytes = strlen( _src );
//fstring _dst = ( fstring ) FRISO_MALLOC( bytes + 1 );
//register int t = 0;
//do {
//_dst[t] = _src[t];
//t++;
//} while ( _src[t] != '\0' );
//_dst[t] = '\0';
//return _dst;
//}
/* *********************************
* static hashtable function area. *
***********************************/
__STATIC_API__ hash_entry_t new_hash_entry(
fstring key,
void * value,
hash_entry_t next )
{
hash_entry_t e = ( hash_entry_t )
FRISO_MALLOC( sizeof( friso_hash_entry ) );
if ( e == NULL ) {
___ALLOCATION_ERROR___
}
//e->_key = string_copy( key );
e->_key = key;
e->_val = value;
e->_next = next;
return e;
}
//create blocks copy of entries.
__STATIC_API__ hash_entry_t * create_hash_entries( uint_t blocks )
{
register uint_t t;
hash_entry_t *e = ( hash_entry_t * )
FRISO_CALLOC( sizeof( hash_entry_t ), blocks );
if ( e == NULL ) {
___ALLOCATION_ERROR___
}
for ( t = 0; t < blocks; t++ ) {
e[t] = NULL;
}
return e;
}
//a static function to do the re-hash work.
__STATIC_API__ void rebuild_hash( friso_hash_t _hash )
{
//printf("rehashed.\n");
//find the next prime as the length of the hashtable.
uint_t t, length = next_prime( _hash->length * 2 + 1 );
hash_entry_t e, next, *_src = _hash->table, \
*table = create_hash_entries( length );
uint_t bucket;
//copy the nodes
for ( t = 0; t < _hash->length; t++ ) {
e = *( _src + t );
if ( e != NULL ) {
do {
next = e->_next;
bucket = hash( e->_key, length );
e->_next = table[bucket];
table[bucket] = e;
e = next;
} while ( e != NULL );
}
}
_hash->table = table;
_hash->length = length;
_hash->threshold = ( uint_t ) ( _hash->length * _hash->factor );
//free the old hash_entry_t blocks allocations.
FRISO_FREE( _src );
}
/* ********************************
* hashtable interface functions. *
* ********************************/
//create a new hash table.
FRISO_API friso_hash_t new_hash_table( void )
{
friso_hash_t _hash = ( friso_hash_t ) FRISO_MALLOC( sizeof ( friso_hash_cdt ) );
if ( _hash == NULL ) {
___ALLOCATION_ERROR___
}
//initialize the the hashtable
_hash->length = DEFAULT_LENGTH;
_hash->size = 0;
_hash->factor = DEFAULT_FACTOR;
_hash->threshold = ( uint_t ) ( _hash->length * _hash->factor );
_hash->table = create_hash_entries( _hash->length );
return _hash;
}
FRISO_API void free_hash_table(
friso_hash_t _hash,
fhash_callback_fn_t fentry_func )
{
register uint_t j;
hash_entry_t e, n;
for ( j = 0; j < _hash->length; j++ ) {
e = *( _hash->table + j );
for ( ; e != NULL ; ) {
n = e->_next;
if ( fentry_func != NULL ) fentry_func(e);
FRISO_FREE( e );
e = n;
}
}
//free the pointer array block ( 4 * htable->length continuous bytes ).
FRISO_FREE( _hash->table );
FRISO_FREE( _hash );
}
//put a new mapping insite.
//the value cannot be NULL.
FRISO_API void *hash_put_mapping(
friso_hash_t _hash,
fstring key,
void * value )
{
uint_t bucket = ( key == NULL ) ? 0 : hash( key, _hash->length );
hash_entry_t e = *( _hash->table + bucket );
void *oval = NULL;
//check the given key is already exists or not.
for ( ; e != NULL; e = e->_next ) {
if ( key == e->_key
|| ( key != NULL && e->_key != NULL
&& strcmp( key, e->_key ) == 0 ) ) {
oval = e->_val; //bak the old value
e->_key = key;
e->_val = value;
return oval;
}
}
//put a new mapping into the hashtable.
_hash->table[bucket] = new_hash_entry( key, value, _hash->table[bucket] );
_hash->size++;
//check the condition to rebuild the hashtable.
if ( _hash->size >= _hash->threshold ) {
rebuild_hash( _hash );
}
return oval;
}
//check the existence of the mapping associated with the given key.
FRISO_API int hash_exist_mapping(
friso_hash_t _hash, fstring key )
{
uint_t bucket = ( key == NULL ) ? 0 : hash( key, _hash->length );
hash_entry_t e;
for ( e = *( _hash->table + bucket );
e != NULL; e = e->_next ) {
if ( key == e->_key
|| ( key != NULL && e->_key != NULL
&& strcmp( key, e->_key ) == 0 )) {
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
//get the value associated with the given key.
FRISO_API void *hash_get_value( friso_hash_t _hash, fstring key )
{
uint_t bucket = ( key == NULL ) ? 0 : hash( key, _hash->length );
hash_entry_t e;
for ( e = *( _hash->table + bucket );
e != NULL; e = e->_next ) {
if ( key == e->_key
|| ( key != NULL && e->_key != NULL
&& strcmp( key, e->_key ) == 0 )) {
return e->_val;
}
}
return NULL;
}
//remove the mapping associated with the given key.
FRISO_API hash_entry_t hash_remove_mapping(
friso_hash_t _hash, fstring key )
{
uint_t bucket = ( key == NULL ) ? 0 : hash( key, _hash->length );
hash_entry_t e, prev = NULL;
hash_entry_t b;
for ( e = *( _hash->table + bucket );
e != NULL; prev = e, e = e->_next ) {
if ( key == e->_key
|| ( key != NULL && e->_key != NULL
&& strcmp( key, e->_key ) == 0 ) ) {
b = e;
//the node located at *( htable->table + bucket )
if ( prev == NULL ) {
_hash->table[bucket] = e->_next;
} else {
prev->_next = e->_next;
}
//printf("%s was removed\n", b->_key);
_hash->size--;
//FRISO_FREE( b );
return b;
}
}
return NULL;
}
//count the size.(A macro define has replace this.)
//FRISO_API uint_t hash_get_size( friso_hash_t _hash ) {
// return _hash->size;
//}
``` |
Paradise in Service is a 2014 Taiwanese historical period film directed, co-written and co-produced by Doze Niu. Set in Kinmen in the 1960s and 1970s, the film focuses on Unit 831, a Republic of China Armed Forces military brothel in existence on the island from 1952 to 1990. It was screened in the Panorama section of the 65th Berlin International Film Festival.
Plot
In 1969, physically fit Taiwan native Lo Pao-tai (Ethan Juan) arrives in Kinmen as a new Republic of China Army conscript. He is selected by Sergeant Major Chang Yun-shan (Chen Jianbin) to be part of the 101st Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion (also known as the Frogmen of the R.O.C. Army) for grueling training, where he underperforms. He helps Chang Yun-shan—an illiterate who twenty years ago was kidnapped by the R.O.C. Army from his Shandong village and forced to leave the mainland—and Chang in turn arranges for his transfer to work in the military brothel known as Unit 831.
Chung Hua-hsing (Wang Po-chieh), a friend of Lo's from back home, works in a damp tunnel and is severely bullied by other soldiers. He eventually escapes with Sasa (Lei Jiexi), a prostitute he likes, and together they try to swim to mainland China. Meanwhile, Chang feels more and more depressed and lonely, and becomes attached to Girl #8, the coquettish Jiao (Ivy Chen). Lo Pao-tai comforts him and offers to write letters for him to his mother. Lo doesn't bother to sleep with the girls since he resolves to save his virginity for his girlfriend back home, but he befriends Girl #7, Nini (Wan Qian), a mysterious but friendly Shanghainese girl who teaches him the guitar. Nini doesn't have many customers because she usually buys tickets out of pocket to meet her daily quota.
Lo accidentally discovers Nini has a son, and is in Unit 831 to work off her sentence after killing her husband. He is unhappy that Nini hasn't told him anything, so he avoids her. But just like him, Nini has also fallen in love. She decides to tell him about her past abusive marriage, and Lo forgives her. One night, she breaks the curfew and takes him to the wheat fields, where they kiss.
Already getting on in years, Chang plans to marry Jiao, get discharged, and open a restaurant in Taiwan. He begins to prepare for their wedding after receiving Jiao's consent. However, Jiao is only using him (and all her other clients) to amass a personal fortune, so she can buy her way out of the brothel. Lo tells her secret to Chang, and Chang furiously confronts her. During the ensuing quarrel, Chang strangles Jiao. Blaming himself for causing Chang to commit murder and his subsequent arrest, Lo is grief-stricken and Nini consoles him.
In 1971, Nini receives a general amnesty and is about to be transferred back to Taiwan. On their last night together, Nini is ready to make love to Lo. But Lo stops, saying he wants to save his virginity for the one he marries. Nini is hurt, but still leaves him the guitar when she departs.
A few years go by. Lo greatly misses Nini, and continues to write her letters but he has no idea where she is. He has already lost his virginity to girls he doesn't care about. Finally, he finishes his service and leaves Unit 831. Unit 831's director Chou Ching-wu (Tuo Yiran) tells him to marry and forget about the brothel.
A pre-credits scene then displays black-and-white scenes of an alternate reality: Lo is married to Nini and they have a young child, Chung and Sasa successfully made it back to the mainland, and Chang opens his dumpling restaurant in Taiwan, having married Jiao and having a baby together.
Reception
Writing for The Hollywood Reporter, Elizabeth Kerr praised the film's technical strength, but criticized the lack of character development with regard to the brothel workers, and described the storyline as a "serviceable tragic romance that shouldn’t be as shallow as it is." The South China Morning Posts Yvonne Teh echoed praise for the film's technical aspects and positively reviewed Juan's performance. In Variety, Maggie Lee opined that the film was "beautifully acted" throughout, and drew attention to the portrayal of supporting characters.
Cast
Ethan Juan as Lo Pao-tai
Chen Jianbin as Chang Yun-shan
Wang Rui as Chang Yun-shan (teenager)
Wan Qian as Nini
Ivy Chen as Jiao
Wang Po-chieh as Chung Hua-hsing
Miao Ke-li as A-hsia
Chen Yi-wen as Colonel Yu
Tuo Yiran as Chou Ching-wu
Honduras as Lin Hsin-hung
Daniel Chen as Che Ta-yung
Lei Jiexi as Sasa
Hsu Wan-shan as Yueh-tao
Liu Kai-chi as Cantonese veteran
Jag Huang as Training instructor
Awards and nominations
References
External links
2014 films
2014 drama films
Taiwanese drama films
Films set in Kinmen
Films shot in Kinmen
Films set in the 1960s
Films set in the 1970s
Films about prostitution
Films directed by Doze Niu
Films about military personnel
Prostitution in Taiwan
2010s Mandarin-language films |
Rubén Darío Insúa Carballo (born 17 April 1961) is an Argentine football manager and former player who played mainly as an attacking midfielder. He is the current manager of San Lorenzo.
Insúa represented the Argentina national team several times. During his playing career, he earned the nickname "el Poeta del Futbol" (the Poet of Football).
Playing career
Insúa was born in Buenos Aires. He played most of his career in the Argentine top league. He was part of the Independiente team that won the 1988–89 Primera title. He also played for Barcelona in Ecuador and Deportivo Cali in Colombia, and had a spell with Spanish side UD Las Palmas.
Style of play
As a player, Insúa was regarded as a swift midfielder with an excellent touch and a penchant for scoring from free kicks. These qualities earned him his nicknames "el Poeta del Gol" (the Goal Poet) and "el Poeta del Futbol" (the Football Poet). Although he was primarily an attacking midfielder, he was also capable of playing as a striker.
Managerial career
Insúa coached for Ecuador's Barcelona to a national title in 1997, and the Copa Libertadores finals in 1998. He coached San Lorenzo de Almagro to the Copa Sudamericana 2002 title.
Insúa coached Ecuador's Deportivo Quito to the 2009 Campeonato Ecuatoriano de Fútbol Serie A title.
On 1 October 2010, Insúa reached a verbal agreement with Barcelona's president Eduardo Maruri to return and coach the club that won his last national title achievement in 1997. On 25 March 2011, he was fired from Barcelona and replaced with Alex Aguinaga.
Insúa was Deportivo Cali's manager since approximately October 2011 until 4 March 2012.
Managerial statistics
Honours
Player
San Lorenzo
Primera B: 1982
Independiente
Primera División: 1988–89
Barcelona Sporting Club
Serie A: 1991
Manager
Barcelona Sporting Club
Serie A: 1997
San Lorenzo
Copa Sudamericana: 2002
Deportivo Quito
Serie A: 2009
References
External links
Living people
1961 births
Footballers from Buenos Aires
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football forwards
Argentine men's footballers
Argentina men's international footballers
1983 Copa América players
San Lorenzo de Almagro footballers
Deportivo Cali footballers
Club Atlético Independiente footballers
Estudiantes de La Plata footballers
Barcelona S.C. footballers
Quilmes Atlético Club footballers
UD Las Palmas players
La Liga players
Argentine Primera División players
Categoría Primera A players
Ecuadorian Serie A players
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Colombia
Expatriate men's footballers in Colombia
Expatriate men's footballers in Ecuador
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Argentine football managers
Ferro Carril Oeste managers
Talleres de Córdoba managers
San Lorenzo de Almagro managers
Barcelona S.C. managers
C.D. Jorge Wilstermann managers
Club Alianza Lima managers
C.D. El Nacional managers
Deportivo Cali managers
Deportivo Binacional FC managers
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Ecuador
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Peru
S.D. Quito managers |
Marvin E. Miller Sr. (May 28, 1927 – October 4, 1999) is a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives. His son, Marvin E. Miller Jr., was also a state representative.
References
Republican Party members of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
1927 births
1999 deaths
20th-century American politicians |
The Chicago Cardinals season was the 29th season in franchise history. The Cardinals won the Western division on the final weekend at Wrigley Field over the cross-town Bears, and appeared in the NFL championship game for the second consecutive year. The defending champions lost 7–0 to the Eagles in a snowstorm in Philadelphia. It was their final postseason appearance as a Chicago team; they relocated southwest to St. Louis in .
The Cardinals scored 395 points (32.9 per game) in 1948, the most in the ten-team NFL, and the second most all-time in a 12-game season. They also led the league in offensive yards, yards per play, rushing yards and rushing touchdowns. The team's plus-169 point-differential remains the best in franchise history.
The 1948 NFL season produced more points-per-game per team than any other season, and according to Cold Hard Football Facts: "Jimmy Conzelman's Chicago Cardinals were the best of the bunch. They led the NFL in scoring that year (32.9 [points-per-game]) and they produced what was probably the greatest four-week stretch of offense in pro football history. From October 17 to November 7, the 1948 Cardinals beat the Giants 63–35; the Boston Yanks, 49–27; the L.A. Rams 27–22; and the Lions, 56–20. That's a four-week average of 48.8 [points-per-game] for those of you keeping score at home.
"Yes, turnovers were common in 1948, so maybe that fact made life easier for offense. The Cardinals, for example, picked off 23 passes in 12 games. But they scored just two defensive touchdowns all year, while adding four on special teams. Mostly, they ripped off touchdowns, a remarkable 47 on offense. They kicked a mere eight field goals.
"Mostly, the offense was virtually unstoppable and it didn't settle often for the cheap, soccer-style field goals that pad offensive team totals today."
The Cardinals had three players in the top six in rushing in 1948: halfbacks Charley Trippi (690 yards), and Elmer Angsman (638), and fullback/linebacker/placekicker Pat Harder (554). Harder led the league in scoring in 1948, with 110 points (6 rushing touchdowns, 7 field goals, and 53 extra points). He was named the league's MVP by United Press International.
This was the Cardinals' last playoff game until 1974, although they did win the third place Playoff Bowl in Miami over Vince Lombardi's Green Bay Packers in January 1965. The Cardinals' next appearance in an NFL championship game was sixty years later in Super Bowl XLIII in January 2009.
Offseason
NFL draft
Regular season
Schedule
Standings
Roster
Postseason
NFL Championship Game
The 1948 NFL championship game was the sixteenth NFL title game and a rematch of the previous year's game between the Chicago Cardinals of the Western Division and the Eastern Division's Philadelphia Eagles. It was played at Philadelphia's Shibe Park on December 19 and the host Eagles won 7–0 in the snow.
Awards and records
Led NFL, Points Scored, 395
Led NFL, Total Yards Gained, 4,705
Led NFL, Rushing Yards, 2,560
Pat Harder, NFL Scoring Leader, 110 points
References
Cardinals on Pro Football Reference
Cardinals on jt-sw.com
Chicago Cardinals
Arizona Cardinals seasons
Chicago Card |
Northwell Health is a nonprofit integrated healthcare network that is New York State's largest healthcare provider and private employer, with more than 81,000 employees.
The flagship hospitals of Northwell are North Shore University Hospital and Long Island Jewish Medical Center (LIJ Medical Center).
History
Prior to 2015, the network was called North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System (North Shore-LIJ).
In 2019, Northwell had 23 hospitals and more than 700 outpatient facilities, as well as the Zucker School of Medicine, the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, urgent care centers, kidney dialysis centers, acute inpatient rehabilitation, sub-acute rehabilitation and skilled-nursing facilities, a home care network, a hospice network, and other services.
More recently, the company signed a deal with software technology company Playback Health, to launch platforms for patient medical information to retain their healthcare data.
In April 2022, Northwell Health announced it will be providing telemedicine support of around of medical supplies to the front-line regions of Ukraine to aid in the humanitarian crisis.
Hospitals
The following hospitals and medical facilities are part of Northwell Health. All locations are in New York.
Northwell Nurse Choir
In 2020, during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, a choir was formed consisting of eighteen nurses who had worked on the frontline to aid those affected by the virus. Created to support the nonprofit Nurse Heroes group, the members performed virtually in order to ensure safety . The group came to prominence in 2021 when they auditioned on the 16th season of America's Got Talent.
References
External links
Companies based in Nassau County, New York
Hospital networks in the United States
Medical and health organizations based in New York (state)
Town of North Hempstead, New York
1997 establishments in New York (state)
Companies established in 1997
America's Got Talent contestants |
La Jaiba is a small town in the Puerto Plata province of the Dominican Republic.
Sources
http://nona.net/features/map/placedetail.1529439/La%20Jaiba/
– World-Gazetteer.com
Populated places in Puerto Plata Province |
The 2016–17 snooker season was a series of professional snooker tournaments played between 5 May 2016 and 1 May 2017.
The number of ranking events was increased in 2016/17, with a target of 20 ranking events for 2017/18. According to the World Snooker chairman Barry Hearn, total prize money for the World Snooker Tour in 2016/17 hit £10 million for the first time ever. The trophy for the Masters was renamed the Paul Hunter trophy in perpetuity, in memory of the three-time Masters champion who died in 2006.
The Snooker Shoot Out became a ranking event for the first time. The Australian Goldfields Open was cancelled.
The Players Championship featured the top-16 players on the one year ranking list, as the Players Tour Championship has been cancelled and no order of merit was issued.
The new Home Nations Series was introduced in this season with the English Open, Northern Ireland Open, Scottish Open and Welsh Open tournaments. The winner of all four tournaments could earn a massive £1 million bonus prize.
Mark Selby won five ranking events during the season with Anthony McGill and Judd Trump each winning twice. Trump appeared in five ranking event finals during the season.
Players
The top 64 players from the prize money rankings after the 2016 World Championship, and the 30 players earning a two-year card the previous year automatically qualified for the season (Vinnie Calabrese has resigned his membership). The top eight players from the European Tour Order of Merit and top two players from the Asian Tour Order of Merit, who have not already qualified for the Main Tour, also qualify. Another two players come from the EBSA Qualifying Tour Play-Offs, and a further twelve places were available through the Q School. The rest of the places on to the tour come from the amateur events and national governing body nominations. Yan Bingtao's two-year tour card will commence this season. Also, since Steve Davis and Stephen Hendry have both retired from professional play, only James Wattana was offered an Invitational Tour Card. The list of all professional players in the 2016/2017 season includes 129 players.
New professional players
All players listed below received a tour card for two seasons.
EBSA European Championship winner: Jak Jones
EBSA European Under-21 Championship winner: Josh Boileau
ACBS Asian Championship winner: Kritsanut Lertsattayathorn
ACBS Asian Under-21 Championship winner: Wang Yuchen
Oceania Championship winner: Kurt Dunham
European Tour Order of MeritAsian Tour Order of Merit
EBSA Qualifying Tour Play-Offs'''
Q School
Event 1
Event 2
Order of Merit
CBSA China Tour
Invitational Tour Card
Deferred Tour Card
Calendar
The following tables outline the dates and results of all events of the World Snooker Tour, World Women's Snooker, the World Seniors Tour, and other events.
World Snooker Tour
World Ladies Billiards and Snooker
Seniors events
Other events
Points distribution
2016/2017 points distribution for World Snooker Tour ranking events:
Notes
References
External links
Snooker season 2016/2017 at Snooker.org
2016
Season 2016
Season 2017 |
The 8th New Jersey Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
Service
The 8th New Jersey Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Olden in Trenton, New Jersey, for three years service and mustered in September 14, 1861, under the command of Colonel Adolphus J. Johnson.
The regiment was attached to Casey's Provisional Brigade, Division of the Potomac, October 1861. 3rd Brigade, Hooker's Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, III Corps, Army of the Potomac, to March 1864. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, II Corps, to May 1864. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, II Corps, to July 1865.
The 8th New Jersey Infantry mustered out of service July 17, 1865.
Detailed service
Left New Jersey for Washington, D.C., October 1, 1861. At Meridian Hill until December 6, 1861. Expedition to lower Maryland November 3–11. Duty at Budd's Ferry, Md., until April 1862. Moved to the Virginia Peninsula April 5–8. Siege of Yorktown, Va., April 10-May 4. Battle of Williamsburg May 5. Battle of Seven Pines May 31-June 1. Duty near Seven Pines until June 25. Seven Days before Richmond June 25-July 1. Action at Oak Grove, near Seven Pines, June 25. Battles of Savage Station June 29, Glendale June 30, Malvern Hill July 1. At Harrison's Landing until August 15. Movement to Centreville August 15–26. Pope's Campaign in northern Virginia August 26-September 2. Action at Bristoe Station (or Kettle Run) August 27. Battles of Groveton August 29, Bull Run August 30, Chantilly September 1. Duty in the defenses of Washington, D.C., until November 1. Movement to Falmouth, Va., November 1–28. Duty near Falmouth, Va., November 28-December 11. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., December 12–15. At Falmouth until April 27, 1863. "Mud March" January 20–24. Operations at Rappahannock Bridge and Grove Church February 5–7. Chancellorsville Campaign April 27-May 6. Battle of Chancellorsville May 1–5. Gettysburg Campaign June 11-July 24. Battle of Gettysburg July 1–3. Pursuit of Lee to Manassas Gap, Va., July 5–24. Wapping Heights, Va.. July 23. Duty near Warrenton, Va., until October. Bristoe Campaign October 9–22. McLean's Ford October 15. Advance to line of the Rappahannock November 7–8. Kelly's Ford November 7. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Payne's Farm November 27. Duty near Brandy Station until May 1864. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6–7. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May 3-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5–7, Spotsylvania May 8–12, Spotsylvania Court House May 12–21. Assault on the Salient ("Bloody Angle") May 12. Harris Farm, or Fredericksburg Road, May 19. North Anna River May 23–26. Ox Ford May 23–24. On line of the Pamunkey May 26–28. Totopotomoy May 28–31. Cold Harbor June 1–12. Before Petersburg June 16–18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2. 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22–23, 1864. Demonstration north of the James July 27–29. Deep Bottom July 27–28. Demonstration north of the James August 13–20. Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, August 14–18. Ream's Station August 25. Fort Sedgwick September 10. Poplar Springs Church September 29-October 2. Yellow House October 2–5. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27–28. Warren's Raid on Weldon Railroad December 7–12. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5–7, 1865. Watkins' House March 25. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Boydton and White Oak Roads March 30–31. Crow's House March 31. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee April 3–9. Sailor's Creek April 6. High Bridge, Farmville, April 7. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Washington. D.C., May 2–12. Grand Review of the Armies May 23. Duty at Washington until July.
Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 286 men during service; 9 officers and 167 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 1 officer and 109 enlisted men died of disease.
Commanders
Colonel Adolphus J. Johnson - resigned March 19, 1863
Colonel John Ramsey
Major Henry Hartford - commanded at the Battle of Hatcher's Run
Captain John Langton - commanded at the Battle of Gettysburg after Col Ramsey was wounded in action, July 2
See also
List of New Jersey Civil War units
New Jersey in the American Civil War
References
Dyer, Frederick H. A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (Des Moines, IA: Dyer Pub. Co.), 1908.
Riddle, Gilbert V. and Thomas Kennedy Riddle. A Brief Account of the 8th New Jersey Volunteers, Company H, During the Early Part of the American Civil War: The Text of the Presentation Made Before the Warren County Historical Society on October 9, 1993 (Flemington, NJ: s.n.), 1993.
Attribution
External links
8th New Jersey Infantry monument at Gettysburg
Military units and formations established in 1861
Military units and formations disestablished in 1865
Units and formations of the Union Army from New Jersey
1861 establishments in New Jersey |
The Pooh Sticks were a Welsh indie pop band from Swansea, Wales, primarily recording between 1988 and 1995. They were notable for their jangly melodiousness and lyrics gently mocking the indie scene of the time, such as on "On Tape", "Indiepop Ain't Noise Pollution" and "I Know Someone Who Knows Someone Who Knows Alan McGee Quite Well". The band changed direction on their 1991 U.S breakthrough The Great White Wonder, eschewing the 'twee' British indie pop sound for a more American-styled power pop sound, akin to bands such as Jellyfish and Redd Kross. Subsequent albums included Million Seller, released on 11 January 1993, considered by some power pop fans to be the band's best work, and Optimistic Fool, released on 24 April 1995, followed in this style.
Line-up
Steve Gregory – producer, songwriter
Hue Williams – vocals
Gregory and Williams invented a fictitious line-up which included:
Trudi Tangerine – tambourine/piano
Paul – guitar
Stephanie Bass-Drum – drums
Alison – bass
Guests
Amelia Fletcher – vocals Orgasm, The Great White Wonder and Million Seller
Discography
Albums
1988: Orgasm (53rd & 3rd Records)
1990: Formula One Generation (Fierce Recordings & Sympathy for the Record Industry)
1991: The Great White Wonder (Cheree Records & Sympathy for the Record Industry)
1993: Million Seller (Zoo Entertainment)
1995: Optimistic Fool (Seed Records)
2014: Think Bubble (recorded in 1995)
Live / compilation albums
1989: Trademark of Quality (Live album, reissued by Fierce Recordings in 1989)
1991: Multiple Orgasm (Reissue of Orgasm, Fierce Recordings)
1988: The Pooh Sticks (Fierce Recordings)
First press in black/white sleeve, second press in pink/white sleeve
Extended plays
1988: The Encore EP (Anonymous Records)
Singles
1988: "Heartbreak" (Fierce Recordings)
1988: "I Know Someone Who Knows Someone Who Knows Alan McGee Quite Well" (Fierce Recordings)
1988: "Indiepop Ain't Noise Pollution" (Fierce Recordings)
1988: "1-2-3 Red Light" (Fierce Recordings)
1988: "On Tape" (Fierce Recordings)
1989: "Hard On Love" (Woosh Records)
1989: "The Pure Styx" (Sympathy for the Record Industry)
1989: "Dying for It" (Fierce Recordings)
(First issue – group sleeve; second issue – "Altamont" sleeve)
1989: "Go Go Girl" (Cheree Records)
1989: "Tonight" (Sympathy for the Record Industry)
on Sympathy for the Record Industry
1991: "Who Loves You" (Cheree Records / Sympathy for the Record Industry)
1991: "Young People" (Cheree Records / Sympathy for the Record Industry) – A-side written by Andrew Griffiths and Hywel James of The Love Nazis
1991: "Who Loves You" (Sympathy for the Record Industry)
1991: "The Little White Wonder" (Fierce Recordings)
1991: "Who Loves You" (Fierce Recordings)
1992: "Could a Heart" (Sympathy for the Record Industry) (this 7" was entitled "Stickboy Contest Winners" and the track on the other side of the disc was by Gila Monsters entitled "Stickbastard")
1992: "The World Is Turning On" (Zoo Entertainment)
1995: "Cool in a Crisis" (Seed Records)
2012: "Formula One Generation" (Formosa Punk Records)
Compilation appearances
1990: "Time to Time", Becket House (Becket House)
1991: "Young People", Indie Top 20 Volume 13 (Beechwood Music)
1991: "Who Loves You", My Cheree Amour (Cheree Records)
1991: "True Life Hero", Revolution No. 9 (Pax Records)
1993: "Jelly on a Plate", Lime Lizard (Lime Lizard)
1993: "On Tape", Teenbeat 50 (Matador)
1993: "Million Seller", The Alternative Way – Everything Is Beautiful (Ariola Benelux)
1994: "Who Loves You", I Like It If You Feel Lucky (Beekeeper)
1995: "When the Night Falls", WTAG Radio Club – A Tag Recordings Sampler (Tag Recordings)
1998: "Soft Beds, Hard Battles", Their Sympathetic Majesties Request – A Decade of Obscurity and Obsoletes 1988–1998 (Sympathy for the Record Industry)
2000: "Indiepop Ain't Noise Pollution", The Sound of Leamington Spa, Volume 1 (Co-production between: TweeNet Communications, Bilberry Records, Firestation Tower Records) **23-Oct-2000
2004: "I Know Someone Who Knows Someone Who Knows Alan McGee Quite Well", Rough Trade Shops – Indiepop 1 (Mute Records Ltd.)
2006: "On Tape", CD86 – 48 Tracks from the Birth of Indie Pop (Castle Music)
2010: "Roll Over Easy", Indietracks – Indiepop Compilation 2010 (Make Do and Mend Records)
Radio sessions
1988: John Peel Session
1989: John Peel Session
1991: Mark Goodier Session
References
External links
Fansite
Pooh Sticks biography on BBC Wales
twee.net/Bands/ Discography
Million Seller videos
Welsh rock music groups
Musical groups established in 1987
Musical groups from Swansea
Sympathy for the Record Industry artists
Zoo Entertainment (record label) artists
Welsh indie pop groups
1987 establishments in Wales |
Epeorus pleuralis, the quill gordon, is a species of flatheaded mayfly in the family Heptageniidae. It is found in North America.
References
Mayflies
Articles created by Qbugbot
Insects described in 1910
Insects of North America |
Nobutsuna (written: 信綱) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
, Japanese samurai
(1596–1662), Japanese daimyō
(1537–1575), Japanese samurai
(1872–1963), Japanese poet
Japanese masculine given names
Masculine given names |
The American Land Conservancy was an American non-profit organization whose goal was to protect the natural environment.
About the American Land Conservancy
American Land Conservancy was a non-profit land conservation organization dedicated to protecting America's natural heritage by conserving land for the benefit of people and wildlife. Since its founding in 1990, American Land Conservancy has conserved more than of land and water resources, working farms and ranches, and wildlife habitats nationwide. The Conservancy was dissolved in 2016.
Programs
In its first 15 years, American Land Conservancy pursued projects based on the opportunities at-hand, tackling projects across the country. Their work then transitioned to the following regional landscape programs:
Alaska
California Central Valley and Foothills
Great Basin
Mississippi River
West Coast Trail
American Landscapes
Conservation ethic
The organization's conservation ethic included the following principles:
We seek to foster healthy ecosystems by preserving biological diversity and protecting habitats.
We believe people need open space to connect to nature and recharge.
We understand that healthy ecosystems are essential to sustainable economies and communities.
We believe in conserving working farms and ranches to sustain historic landscapes and a way of life.
We consider collaboration to be critical to the future of land conservation in America.
We believe that private landowners can often serve as the best stewards of land.
Conservation services
Direct Purchase – American Land Conservancy worked with landowners who wish to sell or donate their land for conservation by finding a public agency or conservation buyer to own and manage the land permanently. Funding for acquisition can come from state or federal appropriations, philanthropic foundations or individuals. Sample projects include the BK Leach Memorial Conservation Area in Missouri, Crow Creek Falls in Montana, and High Meadows in Nevada.
Conservation Easement – A conservation easement is a legal agreement between a landowner and a land trust or government agency that permanently limits uses of the land in order to protect its conservation values. It allows the landowner to continue to own and use the land and sell it or pass it on to heirs subject to the restrictions of the easement. The American Land Conservancy often worked with a conservation partner who holds and monitors the easement. Sample projects include the Hearst Ranch in California (in conjunction with the California Rangeland Trust) and Bridgeport Valley in California, and Kaskaskia Island in Illinois.
Acquisition of Surface or Sub-surface Rights - Sometimes the surface of a landscape is protected, but a company or individual owns the assets on top (timber), or underneath the surface (mining, water, natural gas). The American Land Conservancy acquired these rights to prevent development and habitat destruction in pivotal landscapes. Sample projects include Bodie State Historic Park in California, Denali National Park in Alaska, and Valley Grande in New Mexico.
History
The genesis of American Land Conservancy can be traced to founder Harriet Burgess's first trip down the Grand Canyon. She found the trip guide, Martin Litton, inspiring.
Many years later, Burgess and Litton started the American Land Conservancy in order to pursue the protection of another canyon – Topanga Canyon in the Santa Monica Mountains of Southern California.
The American Land Conservancy's mission was to fill a niche in the land preservation movement, taking on projects too large for purchase by local land trusts and too complicated and high-risk for larger, national land trusts. Some of the American Land Conservancy's projects included the acquisition of tens of thousands of acres for the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest in California and Nevada, large-scale wetlands restoration along the Mississippi River, and conservation of the Hearst Ranch on the California Central Coast.
The organization was dissolved in 2016. Harriet Burgess had retired eight years earlier, and without succession planning sufficient to fill her shoes, the organization had foundered.
References
Land trusts in the United States
Environmental organizations established in 1990
1990 establishments in the United States |
Oneida is a city in Nemaha County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 61.
History
Oneida was laid out about 1873. It was named after the Oneida people. The town's streets were named after the main thoroughfares of Chicago.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 75 people, 26 households, and 17 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 34 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 98.7% White and 1.3% African American.
There were 26 households, of which 38.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.4% were married couples living together, and 34.6% were non-families. 23.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.59.
The median age in the city was 34.5 years. 36% of residents were under the age of 18; 4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28% were from 25 to 44; 20.1% were from 45 to 64; and 12% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.7% male and 53.3% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 70 people, 25 households, and 18 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 36 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 97.14% White and 2.86% African American.
There were 25 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.50.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.0% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 133.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 122.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $45,417, and the median income for a family was $48,750. Males had a median income of $33,125 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,138. There were no families and 6.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
Education
The community is served by Nemaha Central USD 115 public school district.
References
External links
Oneida - Directory of Public Officials
Oneida city map, KDOT
Cities in Nemaha County, Kansas
Cities in Kansas
1873 establishments in Kansas
Populated places established in 1873 |
A bounty is a feature in some poker tournaments that rewards a player for eliminating another player. Depending on the tournament, a player might be rewarded for eliminating either a specific player, or any player. The reward is almost always a cash prize, and not tournament currency. Bounties are rare, but do occur occasionally in professional tournaments. They are more commonly only implemented in smaller tournaments, or charitable tournaments.
In bounty tournaments that reward a player for every player they eliminate, the buy-in structure of the tournament may require each player to pay an additional amount for their own bounty chip, or token. This bounty chip is carried by the player throughout the tournament. If the player is eliminated, the bounty chip is given to the player who eliminated them. The bounty chips are cashed in, usually for the amount each player paid for the bounty chip. The winner can usually cash in their own chip. Some online tournaments use a more complicated schedule, whereby a player's own bounty increases with every elimination he makes.
Some bounty tournaments assign a bounty to only a few players. This assignment is rarely random, and is usually pre-arranged with the players who have bounties on them, as such an assignment to a random entrant would significantly affect their game. Some tournaments may feature a celebrity bounty, if the tournament hosts have arranged for a celebrity to play in the tournament. This type of bounty arrangement is usually only the celebrity bounty variety, or if the player with a bounty on them is promoting the tournament.
The aspect of having a bounty in a tournament can significantly affect the play of the tournament. For example, if a player with a lower amount of chips declares that they are all-in, other players may be more enticed to call the bet. Most professional poker players would alter their normal playing style to adapt to this aspect if they were to enter a bounty tournament.
If there is at least one side pot, the situation becomes more complicated. The bounty is awarded to the player who wins the eliminated player's last chips. For example:
Daniel ($300 in chips), Barry ($200) and Vicky ($500) are playing a hand in a no-limit tournament. Daniel moves all-in (bets all his chips), and Barry and Vicky call. The main pot consists of $600, $200 from each player; any of the three players can win this pot. A side pot of $200, $100 each from Daniel and Vicky, cannot be won by Barry, as he did not have enough chips. Barry has the best hand and wins the main pot, but does not eliminate Daniel. Vicky wins the side pot, and by taking Daniel's last chips, also gains the bounty.
Notes
Poker gameplay and terminology |
Ruth Denison (September 29, 1922 – February 26, 2015) was the first Buddhist teacher in the United States to lead an all-women's retreat for Buddhist meditation and instruction. Her center, Dhamma Dena Desert Vipassana Center is located in the Mojave Desert, in Joshua Tree, California. She was also a teacher at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts. She sometimes taught at Spirit Rock Meditation Center in Woodacre, California.
Spending her youth and young adult years in Germany, she was a fervent Nazi, later imprisoned by the Russians. She immigrated to the United States. In the 1960s and 1970s, she was part of the alternative and counterculture scene.
She was one of four Westerners to receive permission to teach from Burmese master U Ba Khin, a layperson known for a particular method of awareness practice called Vipassanā, in which the meditator closely observes bodily sensations.
Denison died on February 26, 2015, after suffering a stroke. She was 92.
References
Bibliography
Meetings with Remarkable Women: Buddhist Teachers in America by Lenore Friedman (Boston, MA: Shambhala, Revised and Updated Edition, 2000 )
External links
Dancing in the Dharma
Bowing to Life Deeply: An Interview with Ruth Denison
Who's Who in Buddhism (Ruth Denison)
Dhamma Dena Desert Vipassana Center
1922 births
2015 deaths
American Buddhists
American Theravada Buddhists
German Theravada Buddhists
German Buddhists
Theravada Buddhist spiritual teachers
Female Buddhist spiritual teachers
People from Joshua Tree, California
Students of U Ba Khin |
Bill Pere is an American, multiple-award-winning singer, songwriter, producer, musician, author, and playwright.
Biography
Pere grew up in New York City and today resides in Connecticut. He is a graduate of Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania.
Professional Life
Pere was named one of the "Top 50 Innovators, Groundbreakers, Iconoclasts, and Guiding Lights of the Music Industry" by Music Connection magazine in December 2008. His accomplishments include being named Connecticut State Troubadour in 1995 and an Independent Music Conference - "Immie" Award winner for Best Independent Artist in 2003. Pere has written more than 400 songs and released 16 CDs, as well as producing CDs for many other artists.
Pere is a Founding Member and current President of the Connecticut Songwriters' Association, and is a Founder and Executive Director of the Local United Network to Combat Hunger (LUNCH), which features the LUNCH Ensemble. Along with Kay Pere, also a nationally known recording artist, he runs the Connecticut Songwriting Academy to develop the talents and careers of young singers, songwriters, musicians, and recording artists. Pere has been involved in the music business for more than 30 years, having been mentored by many of the top names in the industry. He uses music for social activism, fighting hunger and poverty, and was named a "Hunger Fighting Hero" by Wakefern Foods in 2009, and was featured on a special edition Cheerios box.
In 2009, Pere released his book, Songcrafters' Coloring Book: The Essential Guide to Effective and Successful Songwriting, which presents 30 years of research and insights into the nature of songwriting. This is an outgrowth of a series of articles by Pere on songwriting and the music industry, published in the 1980s and 1990s, known as The Songcrafters' Coloring Book. Pere presents workshops and classes at music conferences and events across the U.S.
Recordings
1981: Crest of a Wave [vinyl]
198?: Cityscape [vinyl]
198?: Family Portrait [out of print]
1991: Songs for Kids Who Like to Think
1994: You'll See a Much Brighter Day
1994: Songs for Kids With Common Sense
1994: Profiles of Connecticut Vol 1
1995: Songs for Kids Who Touch the Stars
1999: New Day Coming Tomorrow
2001: Crest of a Wave (10th Anniversary - New Recordings)
2001: Cityscape II
2002: High School My School
2002: Christmas Eve on the Poor Side of Town
2004: Profiles of Connecticut Special Edition
2007: Dare to Dream
2010: Voices For Hope
plus numerous inclusions on compilation CDs
See also
Bartholomew Cubbins
References
External links
Bill Pere Official Website
Local United Network to Combat Hunger
Connecticut Songwriters' Association
Connecticut Songwriting Academy
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American activists
American male composers
21st-century American composers
American folk singers
American music educators
American record producers
American male songwriters
21st-century American male musicians |
Thurston Harris (July 11, 1931 – April 14, 1990) was an American singer and songwriter, best known for his 1957 hit "Little Bitty Pretty One".
Career
Harris first appeared on record in 1953. He was the vocalist for South Central Los Angeles R&B band the Lamplighters. He remained with the band as it evolved through several name changes, from the Tenderfoots to the Sharps. In 1954, the Lamplighters appeared at the Tenth Cavalcade of Jazz concert at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles produced by Leon Hefflin Sr. alongside Count Basie, Louis Jordon, the Flairs, Perez Prado, Christine Kittrell, and Ruth Brown.
In 1957, Harris signed as a solo artist for Aladdin Records. His former band backed him when he released his version of Bobby Day's "Little Bitty Pretty One". It reached number 6 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. The track sold over one million records, achieving gold disc status. The Sharps would go on to another name change to become The Rivingtons, achieving fame with the single "Papa-Oom-Mow-Mow".
Unusually, "Little Bitty Pretty One" was released on three different-colored labels: purple, blue and maroon. The song appeared on the soundtracks to films or television dramas, such as Telling Lies in America, Matilda, Lipstick on Your Collar, and Christine.
Harris had a second and final hit in 1958 with "Do What You Did", which reached the Top 20. His other best known song was "Runk Bunk", recorded in 1959 (Aladdin 3452). Harris later recorded on Cub, Dot, Imperial, Intro, Reprise and United Artists.
Death
Harris died in his sleep of a heart attack on April 14, 1990.
Cover versions
Frankie Lymon's highest charting solo hit was a cover of "Little Bitty Pretty One", which peaked at number 58 on the US Billboard R&B chart in 1960.
The Jackson 5 covered "Little Bitty Pretty One" on their 1972 album Lookin' Through the Windows.
UK 1980's star Shakin' Stevens covered the wild rocker "Do What You Did" on his album, Take One, in 1980.
A cover of "Runk Bunk" was one of the first songs recorded by the UK pop star Adam Faith.
The Dave Clark 5 had a UK number 24 hit with "Little Bitty Pretty One" in 1965.
References
External links
Complete discography of Thurston Harris
1931 births
1990 deaths
Cub Records artists
Imperial Records artists
Musicians from Indianapolis
20th-century American singers
20th-century American male singers |
Carlene Denise Moore-Begnaud (born August 27, 1972) is an American professional wrestler and manager, better known by her ring name Jazz. She is best known for her time at World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) where she was a two-time WWF/WWE Women's Champion. She has also competed for the National Wrestling Alliance, where she held the NWA World Women's Championship for over 900 days.
She is also known for her tenure in Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), and Impact Wrestling, where she retired from in-ring competition.
Professional wrestling career
Extreme Championship Wrestling (1999–2000)
After dropping out of college, Begnaud was approached about starting a career as a professional wrestler and joined a wrestling school in Louisiana. She was originally inspired to be a wrestler when she saw Jacqueline Moore perform. Begnaud trained with Rod Price for six to eight months, and she later made her professional wrestling debut in a match against Moore.
Using the name Jazzmine, she later joined Extreme Championship Wrestling as a part of an alliance called the Impact Players, which included wrestlers such as Jason Knight, Lance Storm, and Justin Credible. She later began a feud with Jason and defeated him at Heat Wave in 1999. She appeared on an intermittent basis before leaving the company before ECW was shut down due to bankruptcy.
World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (2001-2004)
Training and Debut (2001)
In late 2001, the World Wrestling Federation expressed interest in Begnaud, and she was sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling for six months to train. Under the new ring name Jazz, she signed a two-year contract with WWF. She made her debut in the company as a villain on the Survivor Series pay-per-view during a Six-Pack Challenge match for the WWF Women's Championship, which had been vacated by Chyna after her departure from the company. Ultimately, Trish Stratus was the winner for the match and the championship.
Women's Champion (2002)
Following her debut in the company, Jazz began her first rivalry with then-Women's Champion Trish Stratus as on the January 14, episode of Raw, Jazz received a push as she defeated Jacqueline to become the number one contender to Stratus' Women's title. Jazz received her championship match against Trish at the Royal Rumble pay-per-view, where she was unsuccessful in capturing the title, however, on the February 4, 2002 episode of Raw, Jazz defeated Stratus to win the Women's Championship for the first time. On March 17, at WrestleMania X8, Jazz successfully defended her title against Lita and Trish Stratus in a triple–threat match.
On May 6, 2002, the World Wrestling Federation was renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment, subsequently renaming the title to the WWE Women's Championship, as a result, Jazz became the last woman to hold the Women's title under the WWF banner and the first to hold it under the WWE banner. On the April 29, episode of Raw, Jazz challenged Bubba Ray Dudley for the Hardcore Championship, although didn't win the championship, she successfully helped Stevie Richards to capture it. On the May 6, episode of Raw, Jazz was helped by Richards to retain her title against Trish Stratus, after knocking her with a superkick, after the match, Bubba Ray attacked both Steven and Jazz to try regain his title although multiple superstars started competing for it changing simultaneously from holders like Raven, Justin Credible, Crash, Trish Stratus and finally regained to Richard after being helped by Jazz, however, due to a torn ACL in her knee, Jazz dropped her title to Stratus in a hardcore-Rules match the following week on the May 13, episode of Raw. Post-match, she was attacked by both Bubba Ray and Stratus as he performed an aided superbomb through a table on her.
Feud with Victoria and Trish Stratus (2003–2004)
Jazz made her return on the January 27, 2003 episode of Raw, viciously attacking Trish Stratus after a Chicago Street Fight for Victoria's Women's Championship, in which Stratus was defeated. She made her return in–ring action on the February 10 episode of Raw, defeating Molly Holly in a singles match.
Jazz involved herself in the feud between Stratus and Victoria upon her return. She immediately took out Stratus and dominated in matches against Molly Holly and Jacqueline. She competed in a triple threat match for the Women's Championship at WrestleMania XIX against Stratus and Victoria, but Stratus walked away with the title. During this time, she took on the managerial services of Theodore Long, which led to another Women's Championship reign after defeating Stratus at Backlash. She had another successful title defence at Judgment Day in a Fatal Four-Way Match involving Stratus, Victoria and Jacqueline. However, she lost the title in a battle royal to Gail Kim on June 30. During the match, Jazz had sustained a chipped and dislocated shoulder and needed several weeks to rehabilitate. She returned from injury in early 2004, but was used sparingly. Later that year, she became manager and valet for her real-life husband Rodney Mack. She was released from WWE in November 2004 due to the creative department's lack of ideas for her character.
Independent circuit (2005–2006)
From January 16, 2005, she started working on the independent circuit and appeared at the unofficial ECW reunion show, Hardcore Homecoming. In late 2005, Jazz and Rodney Mack opened Dirtysouth Championship Wrestling, an independent promotion based in Louisiana. Jazz also performed in Women's Extreme Wrestling, where she won the company's World Heavyweight Championship in May 2005 in a Fatal Four M'enage Quatro match against Angel Orsini, Mercedes Martinez, and Simply Luscious when the previous champion, Tai "Killer Weed", was forced to relinquish the title due to an injury. While still WEW champion, on June 24, 2005, Jazz defeated April Hunter to win the NWA Cyberspace Women's Championship.
In 2006, Jazz and Mack renamed DCW to Downsouth Championship Wrestling. Soon after the promotion's name change, Jazz won her promotion's Louisiana State Championship. Later that month on June 24, she participated in ChickFight V and debuted in All Pro Wrestling.
WWE brief return (2006)
In 2006, Begnaud was one of several Extreme Championship Wrestling alumni to be returning to WWE for a limited amount of time. Jazz made her first appearance in WWE since 2004 as part of the new ECW during the WWE vs. ECW Head-to-Head show on June 7, where she faced then-Women's Champion Mickie James in a losing effort. Jazz, however, did not continue an on-screen role in the brand and only made a few appearances at ECW house shows, which marked her last appearances with WWE. On January 18, 2007, Jazz was again released by WWE.
Women Superstars Uncensored (2007–2011)
In May 2007, Jazz and Rodney Mack were booked by the Queens of Chaos promotion in France. In late 2009, Jazz debuted for Women Superstars Uncensored in New Jersey, defeating Angel Orsini. On March 6, 2010, at the Third Year Anniversary show, Jazz was inducted into the WSU Hall of Fame along with Dawn Marie and Molly Holly. At the same event, Jazz unsuccessfully challenged Amber O'Neal to become the No.1 contender for the WSU Championship. She continued to compete with the company and with National Wrestling Superstars, where she teamed with former ECW star Balls Mahoney in a tournament. In 2010, Jazz won WSU's third Uncensored Rumble to earn a shot at Mercedes Martinez's WSU Championship. Mercedes defeated Jazz in the main event of WSU's inaugural internet pay-per-view, "Breaking Barriers", on November 5, 2010. Jazz was defeated by Alicia at WSU's four year anniversary show on March 5, 2011. However, later that same night, she offered herself as the mystery partner of WSU Tag Team Champion Marti Belle, whose partner, Tina San Antonio, was injured in the week prior. Marti Belle and Jazz defeated Amy Lee and Cindy Rogers and The Soul Sisters (Jana and Latasha) to become the "new" WSU Tag Team Champions, giving Jazz her first Tag Team Championships. Jazz, Belle, and Tina would be able to defend the belts under the "Freebird rule" where any two of the three could compete. Marti and Tina would lose the belts before Jazz was able to have a defense. Jazz was scheduled for a rematch but had to pull out due to personal reasons.
Shine Wrestling (2012–2013; 2014)
On July 21, 2012, Jazz took part at the inaugural Shine Wrestling event Shine 1 where she was awarded the Legacy Award from Diva Dirt, a women's wrestling website. During receiving the award, Jazz was interrupted by Mercedes Martinez. At the event, Jazz defeated Sara Del Rey in the main event. Following the events of Shine 1, Jazz faced Martinez on August 17 in the main event of Shine 2, which ended in no–contest. After defeating Rain on September 21 at Shine 3, it was announced that Jazz will challenge the then-Shimmer Champion Saraya Knight for the title at Shine 4. On October 19, at Shine 4, Jazz suffered her first lost at Shine against Knight, after an interference from Martinez and Rain. On November 16, at Shine 5, Jazz teamed with Amazing Kong, where they defeated Martinez and Rain at the main event, ending Jazz feud with Martinez and Rain in the process.
On April 19, 2013, at Shine 9, Jazz defeated Ivelisse in a Shine Championship tournament qualifying match, however, Jazz never entered the tournament for undisclosed reasons, as this match was her last appearance on Shine. On April 4, 2014, at WWNLive's A Wrestling Odyssey event, Jazz unsuccessfully challenged Ivelisse for the Shine Championship.
Chikara (2016)
On September 2, 2016, Jazz made her debut for Chikara, when she entered the 2016 King of Trios tournament as part of Team Original Divas Revolution, alongside Victoria and Mickie James. They defeated Team Shimmer (Candice LeRae, Crazy Mary Dobson, and Solo Darling) in their first round match. The following day, Team Original Divas Revolution was eliminated from the tournament by The Warriors Three (Oleg the Usurper, Princess KimberLee, and ThunderFrog).
National Wrestling Alliance (2016–2019)
On September 16, 2016, Jazz captured the NWA World Women's Championship from Amber Gallows at NWA Texoma. On October 21, 2018, at the NWA 70th Anniversary Show, NWA's first pay-per-view in years, Jazz successfully defended her championship against Penelope Ford. Throughout her championship reign, Jazz went on to fend off title contenders such as Allie, Jordynne Grace, and Thunder Rosa. Jazz was booked to defend her championship on April 27, 2019, at the Crockett Cup against Allysin Kay, but Jazz had vacated the title on April 22, 2019, due to medical and personal reasons. This ended a 948-day title reign. Jazz's reign as the champion is the third longest reign in the company history, right after Debbie Combs and The Fabulous Moolah.
All Elite Wrestling (2019)
On August 31, 2019, Jazz participated in the Casino Battle Royal taking place at All Elite Wrestling's All Out, but was not successful, as she was eliminated by ODB.
SWE Fury (2020)
Jazz held the SWE Fury Women's Title until August when she dropped the title to Miranda Gordy. Then in September she formally retired from SWE Fury and became the very first SWE Fury Hall Of Famer. She was presented the award by James Beard and Teddy Long in San Antonio, TX.
Impact Wrestling (2020–2021)
Despite being retired, on the November 24, 2020 episode of Impact!, Jazz made her debut on Impact Wrestling as she revealed to team with Jordynne Grace in the Impact Knockouts Tag Team Championship Tournament since she would like to retire on top of her career, by winning the title with Grace. They would defeat Killer Kelly and Renee Michelle in the first round but were eliminated on the second round by Havok and Nevaeh. After a lost against Grace at Genesis, they faced the Tag Team Champions Fire N Flava at Sacrifice, where they were defeated. Her final match with Impact Wrestling took place at Hardcore Justice, where she faced Deonna Purrazzo for the Impact Knockouts Championship in a title vs career match. After a farewell segment on the April 15th edition of Impact!, she began to work as a manager for Grace and her new partner, Rachael Ellering.
Personal life
In high school, Carlene played basketball. She also had a basketball scholarship in college until a knee injury ended her basketball career. She later dropped out of college to work.
Carlene is married to Rodney Begnaud, who also competed as Rodney Mack in WWE. They live together in Lafayette, Louisiana on of land. The couple welcomed twin girls named Summer and Skye in November 2008.
She owns a fitness gym, which according to her is to "keep the youth off the streets and keep them positive." She also runs a wrestling school with her husband called The Dog Pound.
In July 2016, she was named part of a class action lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred traumatic brain injuries during their tenure and that the company concealed the risks of injury. The suit is litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE. The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant in September 2018.
Carlene has criticised WWE's marketing, claiming they undermarketed her and other wrestlers of color:
Championships and accomplishments
Cauliflower Alley Club
Women's Wrestling Award (2020)
Downsouth Championship Wrestling
DCW Louisiana State Championship (1 time)
Heavy on Wrestling
HOW Women's Championship (1 time)
National Wrestling Alliance
NWA World Women's Championship (1 time)
NWA Cyberspace
NWA Cyberspace Women's Championship (1 time)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 13 of the top 50 female wrestlers in the PWI Female 50 in 2012
Southwest Wrestling Entertainment
SWE Women's Championship (1 time)
Hall of Fame (class of 2020)
Texas Wrestling Hall of Fame
Class of 2012
Women Superstars Uncensored
WSU Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Marti Belle
WSU Hall of Fame (Class of 2010)
Women's Extreme Wrestling
WEW World Championship (1 time)
Women's Wrestling Hall of Fame
Class of 2023
World Wrestling Federation / Entertainment
WWF/E Women's Championship (2 times)
Luchas de Apuestas record
References
External links
Online World of Wrestling profile
WWE Alumni profile
Tha O Show Episode 181 Jazz Interview
1972 births
Living people
African-American female professional wrestlers
American female professional wrestlers
Professional wrestlers from Louisiana
Sportspeople from New Orleans
21st-century African-American sportspeople
21st-century African-American women
20th-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American women
20th-century female professional wrestlers
21st-century female professional wrestlers
NWA World Women's Champions |
Wafaqi Mohtasib (Federal ombudsman), (), is a government department formulated via presidential order I of 1983, during President General Zia ul Haq. The main functions entrusted to Wafaqi Mohtasib were to diagnose, investigate, redress and to rectify any injustice done to public through mal-administration of an agency of the Federal Government.
References
Government of Pakistan |
Sakoli Taluka, is a Taluka in Sakoli subdivision of Bhandara district in Maharashtra State of India.
Demographics
As per Indian government census of 2011, the population of taluka (district) was 136879.
Geographic Boundaries
References
Talukas in Maharashtra
Bhandara district |
Arlington is a town in Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 848 at the 2000 census. The Village of Arlington is located within the town.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.3 square miles (91.3 km), of which, 35.2 square miles (91.2 km) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.1 km) of it (0.14%) is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 848 people, 302 households, and 240 families residing in the town. The population density was 24.1 people per square mile (9.3/km). There were 308 housing units at an average density of 8.7 per square mile (3.4/km). The racial makeup of the town was 99.65% White, 0.12% Native American, and 0.24% from two or more races. 0.12% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 302 households, out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.2% were married couples living together, 4.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.5% were non-families. 13.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.5% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 29.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 116.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $58,750, and the median income for a family was $61,111. Males had a median income of $35,357 versus $29,231 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,880. About 2.4% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.
Notable people
Robert Caldwell, farmer, businessman, and Wisconsin politician, was born in the town
References
Towns in Columbia County, Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin, metropolitan statistical area
Towns in Wisconsin |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.