text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
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```php
<?php
#
#
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#
require('acrawriter.php');
$random_keypair=phpthemis_gen_ec_key_pair();
create_acrastruct("some data", $random_keypair['public_key'], null);
echo "work\n";
``` |
U.S. Route 270 (US 270) was a proposed U.S. Highway that was planned for the northern part of Georgia and the western part of North Carolina. Its western terminus was to be at US 29/Georgia State Route 8 (SR 8) and SR 13 in Lawrenceville; while its eastern terminus was slated to be at US 25/US 70/North Carolina Highway 10/North Carolina Highway 20/North Carolina Highway 29 (US 25/US 70/NC 10/NC 20/NC 29) in Asheville. US 270 was to travel concurrently with SR 13 from Lawrenceville to Gainesville; SR 11 from Gainesville to the North Carolina state line, north-northwest of Blairsville; and NC 10 for its entire length in North Carolina. The highway was proposed in 1925 and canceled in 1927. It was replaced by SR 13, US 19, SR 11, and NC 10.
Route description
Georgia
US 270 was planned to begin at an intersection with US 29/SR 8 and SR 13 in Lawrenceville. It proceeded north-northwest to Buford, concurrently with SR 13. There, they were to meet the southern terminus of SR 68. US 270/SR 13 headed northeast to Gainesville. There, they met SR 11 and the northern terminus of US 129. Here, SR 11 joined the concurrency. Almost immediately afterward, SR 13 split off to the northeast, while US 270/SR 11 headed to the north-northeast. In Clermont, they met the southern terminus of SR 43. In Cleveland, the highways curved to the west-northwest, to an intersection with the northern terminus of SR 9. They headed to the north-northwest and curved to the northwest. In Blairsville, they met SR 2. They curved back to the north-northeast and reached the North Carolina state line. Here, SR 11 ended, and US 270 began a concurrency with NC 10.
North Carolina
US 270 and NC 10 traveled north through Belview and curved to the north-northeast. In Murphy, they intersected NC 28. They curved to the northeast, traveling through Tomotla, Marble, and Andrews. There, they headed to the east-southeast to Valleytown. They headed northeast again, through Rhode, and entered Topton. There, they intersected the southern terminus of NC 108. After traveling through Nantahala, Wesser, and Almond, they met the northern terminus of NC 286. East-northeast of there, the highways traveled through Bryson City. Just northwest of Whittier, US 270 and NC 10 met the southern terminus of NC 107. They curved to the southeast, traveling through Whittier and Wilmot, before entering Dillsboro. There, they met the northern terminus of NC 285. Heading to the east-northeast, they met the northern terminus of NC 106 in Sylva. They traveled through Beta, Addie, Balsam, and Hazelwood, before entering Waynesville. There, they intersected NC 284. Just northeast of the city, they met the southern terminus of NC 209. They headed to the east-southeast, traveling through Clyde and Canton. They curved to the east-northeast, traveling through Turnpike, Luther, and Candler. Just before entering Asheville, they curved back to the east-southeast. In Asheville, US 270 reached its eastern terminus, an intersection with US 25/US 70/NC 10/NC 20/NC 29.
History
US 270 was proposed in 1925. In 1927, it was canceled. It was replaced by US 19 from Lawrenceville to Andrews and from Dillsboro to Asheville, SR 13 from Lawrenceville to Gainesville, SR 11 from Gainesville to the North Carolina state line, and NC 10 from the state line to Asheville.
The US 270 corridor now consists of SR 20 from Lawrenceville to the Buford area, SR 124 in Lawrenceville, US 23 from Buford to Gainesville, SR 13 from the Sugar Hill–Buford line to Gainesville, SR 11 Bus. in Gainesville, SR 11 from Gainesville to the North Carolina state line, US 129 from Gainesville to Topton, US 19 from northwest of Cleveland to southwest of Bryson City, SR 75 Alt. in the Cleveland area, SR 180 south-southeast of Blairsville, US 76/SR 2/SR 515 in the Blairsville area, US 64 from Ranger to Murphy, US 74 from Ranger to Asheville, NC 28 from Almond to Lauada, US 441 in the Dillsboro area, US 23 from Dillsboro to Asheville, US 276 from Dellwood to Lake Junaluska, and NC 215 in Canton. The current path is approximately
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
70-2 (Georgia-North Carolina)
2 (Georgia-North Carolina)
70-2
70-2
Transportation in Gwinnett County, Georgia
Transportation in Hall County, Georgia
Transportation in White County, Georgia
Transportation in Lumpkin County, Georgia
Transportation in Union County, Georgia
Transportation in Cherokee County, North Carolina
Transportation in Swain County, North Carolina
Transportation in Jackson County, Georgia
Transportation in Haywood County, North Carolina
Transportation in Buncombe County, North Carolina
Buford, Georgia
Gainesville, Georgia
Waynesville, North Carolina
Asheville, North Carolina |
Bernard Maurice Jones II (born 1979) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma and a former magistrate judge of the same court.
Early life and education
Jones was born in northeast Oklahoma City, and attended Bishop McGuinness High School. Jones earned his Bachelor of Arts from Southern Methodist University and his Juris Doctor from Notre Dame Law School.
Career
Jones was in private practice, where he focused on commercial and labor and employment law, first at Porter Wright Morris & Arthur, LLP in Columbus, Ohio, and later in the Oklahoma City office of McAfee & Taft.
State court service
In 2012, he was appointed as a District Judge for Oklahoma's Seventh Judicial District, where he presided over the family and domestic relations and civil dockets and oversaw the District's Drug Court and Mental Health Court programs.
A case Jones presided over drew national attention in 2014 when he ultimately denied a request by an Oklahoma school district to replay a high school football game that was allegedly botched by referees, noting that it was not up to the court to intervene in such a decision.
Federal judicial service
Jones was appointed as a United States magistrate judge in 2015, and was sworn into office on August 17, 2015. He was the first African American to be appointed to this position in the state of Oklahoma. His service as a magistrate judge was terminated on December 31, 2019 when he was elevated to district judge.
On October 2, 2019, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Jones to serve as a United States district judge for the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma. On October 17, 2019, his nomination was sent to the Senate. Jones was nominated to the seat vacated by Judge Joe L. Heaton, who assumed senior status on July 1, 2019. On October 30, 2019, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. Oklahoma Senators James Lankford and Jim Inhofe released a statement supporting Jones' nomination. On November 21, 2019, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 19–3 vote. On December 18, 2019, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 88–5 vote. On December 19, 2019, his nomination was confirmed by a 91–3 vote. He received his judicial commission on December 31, 2019.
See also
List of African-American federal judges
List of African-American jurists
References
External links
1979 births
Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century African-American lawyers
21st-century American judges
21st-century American lawyers
21st-century African-American lawyers
African-American judges
Judges of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma
Lawyers from Oklahoma City
Notre Dame Law School alumni
Ohio lawyers
Oklahoma lawyers
Oklahoma state court judges
Southern Methodist University alumni
United States district court judges appointed by Donald Trump
United States magistrate judges |
Devonte Smith (born July 30, 1993) is an American mixed martial artist who competed in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.
Background
Smith started training mixed martial arts around the age of 14 after seeing Quinton Jackson fight in PRIDE. He attended Bedford High School where he wrestled every year.
Mixed martial arts career
Early career
After compiling an amateur record of 7–2–1, Smith started his professional MMA career in 2015 and fought primarily in Ohio. He amassed a record of 7–1 before competing in Dana White's Contender Series web-series program.
Dana White's Contender Series
Smith appeared in Dana White's Contender Series 16 on August 7, 2018, facing Joseph Lowry. He won the fight via knockout in the first round.
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Smith made his UFC debut on November 10, 2018, against Julian Erosa at UFC Fight Night: The Korean Zombie vs. Rodríguez. He won the fight via knockout in round one.
His next fight came on February 9, 2019, at UFC 234 against Dong Hyun Ma. He won the fight via technical knockout in round one. The win earned him the Performance of the Night bonus.
Smith was scheduled to face John Makdessi on August 17, 2019, at UFC 241. However, it was reported on July 30 that Makdessi was forced to withdraw for undisclosed reasons. Returning veteran Clay Collard was briefly linked as the replacement. In turn, Collard was removed from the bout during the week leading up to the event due to an undisclosed medical issue and he was replaced by promotional newcomer Khama Worthy. He lost the fight via technical knockout in round one.
Smith was expected to face Alex da Silva Coelho on February 6, 2021, at UFC Fight Night 184. However, Coelho pulled out due to undisclosed reasons, and was replaced by Justin Jaynes. Smith won the fight via technical knockout in round two.
Smith faced Jamie Mullarkey on October 2, 2021, at UFC Fight Night 193. He lost the fight via technical knockout in round two.
Smith was scheduled to face Erick Gonzalez on March 5, 2022, at UFC 272. However, Gonzalez was forced to withdraw from the event due to foot injuries and was replaced by Ľudovít Klein. Smith lost the fight via split decision.
In May 2022, it was reported that Smith was released by the UFC.
Personal life
While preparing for his fight against Khama Worthy, Smith's sister Dariene was killed by a stray bullet in Columbus, Ohio, on July 11, 2020.
Championships and accomplishments
Mixed martial arts
Ultimate Fighting Championship
Performance of the Night (One time)
Mixed martial arts record
|-
|Loss
|align=center|11–4
|Ľudovít Klein
|Decision (split)
|UFC 272
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|5:00
|Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
|Loss
| align=center| 11–3
| Jamie Mullarkey
| TKO (punches)
| UFC Fight Night: Santos vs. Walker
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:51
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|11–2
|Justin Jaynes
|TKO (doctor stoppage)
|UFC Fight Night: Overeem vs. Volkov
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|3:38
|Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|10–2
|Khama Worthy
|TKO (punches)
|UFC 241
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|4:15
|Anaheim, California, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|10–1
|Dong Hyun Ma
|TKO (punches)
|UFC 234
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:53
|Melbourne, Australia
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|9–1
|Julian Erosa
|KO (punches)
|UFC Fight Night: The Korean Zombie vs. Rodríguez
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|0:46
|Denver, Colorado, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|8–1
|Joseph Lowry
|KO (elbows)
|Dana White's Contender Series 16
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|2:52
|Las Vegas, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|7–1
|Justin Edwards
|KO (punches)
|Iron Tiger Fight Series / Alliance MMA
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|1:30
|Columbus, Ohio, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|6–1
|Nick Gehrts
|TKO (punches)
|V3 Fights 65
|
|align=center|4
|align=center|1:03
|Memphis, Tennessee, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|5–1
|Damonte Robinson
|Submission (triangle choke)
|IT Fight Series 74
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|2:54
|Akron, Ohio, United States
|
|-
|Loss
|align=center|4–1
|John Gunther
|TKO (punches)
|RFO: Big Guns 22
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|2:29
|Mansfield, Ohio, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|4–0
|Xavier Nash
|TKO (punches)
|Pinnacle FC 14
|
|align=center|3
|align=center|0:50
|Cheswick, Pennsylvania, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|3–0
|Fred Stonehouse
|KO (punches)
|GOTC MMA 21
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|3:01
|Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|2–0
|Mike Wiseman
|TKO (punches)
|Caged Madness 40
|
|align=center|2
|align=center|2:42
|Akron, Ohio, United States
|
|-
|Win
|align=center|1–0
|John Mosley
|TKO (punches)
|Caged Madness 38
|
|align=center|1
|align=center|4:29
|Akron, Ohio, United States
|
|-
See also
List of male mixed martial artists
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
Lightweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Sportspeople from Cleveland
Mixed martial artists from Ohio
American male mixed martial artists
American practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Ultimate Fighting Championship male fighters |
Something to Believe In is a 1998 film directed by John Hough and starring William McNamara, Tom Conti, and Maria Pitillo.
Summary
From The New York Times - Lew Grade is the executive producer of this British-German co-production, a romantic drama that gets underway in Las Vegas with several casino cameos (Robert Wagner, Roddy McDowall, Jill St. John, William Hootkins). Lymphoma leaves Vegas croupier Maggie (Maria Pitillo) only a few weeks to live, so she sets out to visit a weeping Madonna statue in Italy where she meets American pianist Mike (William McNamara) while hitchhiking to Trevino. Monsignore Calogero (Tom Conti) orders the church closed, and the statue is found to be a fake. As Mike and Maggie hope for a miracle, Mike departs to participate in a Naples piano competition. Watch for composer Lalo Schifrin conducting his own two piano concertos in the final scenes.
Production
The film was produced by Lew Grade who put his own money in the movie. The film took four and a half years to raise finance for.
Reception
The film received poor reviews and was a box office failure. It could not obtain a US distributor.
References
External links
1998 films
Films directed by John Hough
1998 romantic drama films
American romantic drama films
Films scored by Lalo Schifrin
1990s English-language films
1990s American films |
Wild mango may refer to
Wild growing forms of the mango, Mangifera indica
Buchanania obovata, a medium sized tree native to Australia, in the family Anacardiaceae
Cordyla africana, a large tree native to eastern Africa, in the family Fabaceae
Irvingia gabonensis, a large tree native to western Africa, in the family Irvingiaceae |
In Classical times Pieria was the southern area of the Amanus Mountains, a part of the province of Roman Syria. Cities included Seleucia Pieria and Pinara. Today it is part of Turkey.
Strabo XVI 2,4 and Nonnus (Dionysiaca 2:94-112) include descriptions of the Pieria and the Pierides. In Nonnos the Pierides from the grove at Daphne are threatened by the lumberjack of Kalypso. Nonnius gave a very different story about them as compared to Homer, Odyssey 5, 50.
The Pieria at the mouth of the river Orontes are the homelands of the daughters of Antioche, also called Antiope, as the Scholion on Euripides Phoinissai 5 and the Scholion on Sophokles Trachiniae 266 shows. In the same way are the arguments of Tzetzes, Chiliades 7, 19.
References |
```scala
package org.apache.spark
import org.apache.spark.deploy.SparkHadoopUtil
import org.apache.spark.mllib.linalg.Vector
import org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame
import org.apache.spark.sql.types.BinaryType
/**
* 2019-08-16 WilliamZhu(allwefantasy@gmail.com)
*/
object MLSQLSparkUtils {
def rpcEnv() = {
SparkEnv.get.rpcEnv
}
def blockManager = {
SparkEnv.get.blockManager
}
def sparkHadoopUtil = {
SparkHadoopUtil.get
}
def transformDense(
idf: Vector,
values: Array[Double]): Array[Double] = {
val n = values.length
val newValues = new Array[Double](n)
var j = 0
while (j < n) {
newValues(j) = values(j) * idf(j)
j += 1
}
newValues
}
def transformSparse(
idf: Vector,
indices: Array[Int],
values: Array[Double]): (Array[Int], Array[Double]) = {
val nnz = indices.length
val newValues = new Array[Double](nnz)
var k = 0
while (k < nnz) {
newValues(k) = values(k) * idf(indices(k))
k += 1
}
(indices, newValues)
}
def isFileTypeTable(df: DataFrame): Boolean = {
if (df.schema.fields.length != 3) return false
val fields = df.schema.fields
fields(0).name == "start" && fields(1).name == "offset" && fields(2).name == "value" && fields(2).dataType == BinaryType
}
}
``` |
The 1909–10 season was the 11th season for FC Barcelona.
Squad
Results
References
External links
FC Barcelona seasons
Barcelona |
Evil: In the Time of Heroes () is a 2009 Greek zombie horror film starring Billy Zane.
Plot
The story plays three days later as the first movie, the ancient power transmuted the people in bloody-minded zombies, for over 9000 years the fight was ever between undead and humans, who won by the humans.
Cast
Billy Zane as Prophitis Messenger
Andreas Kontopoulos as Vakirtzis
Argyris Thanasoulas as Argyris
Meletis Georgiadis as Meletis
Pepi Moschovskou as Marina
Mary Tsoni as Jenny
Eftixia Giakoumi as Olga
Ioanna Pappa as Vicky
Apostolis Totsikas as Androkles
Orfeas Avgoustidis as Alkiviades
Drosos Skotis as Mageiras
Thanos Tokakis as Johnny
Christos Biros as Kyr-Kostas
Release
The film premiered on 25 September 2009 as part of the Athens Film Festival and was released in the Greek cinemas on 1 October 2009. The film is part of the Fantasia Festival 2010 under the International title Evil – In the Time of Heroes.
Background
The film is the follow-up as prequel to Evil
References
External links
2009 comedy films
2009 comedy horror films
2009 films
2000s disaster films
2000s Greek-language films
2000s survival films
Films set in Greece
Greek comedy horror films
Greek zombie films
Greek splatter films
Zombie comedy films
2000s Greek films |
In linear algebra, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem (named after the mathematicians Arthur Cayley and William Rowan Hamilton) states that every square matrix over a commutative ring (such as the real or complex numbers or the integers) satisfies its own characteristic equation.
If is a given matrix and is the identity matrix, then the characteristic polynomial of is defined as , where is the determinant operation and is a variable for a scalar element of the base ring. Since the entries of the matrix are (linear or constant) polynomials in , the determinant is also a degree- monic polynomial in , One can create an analogous polynomial in the matrix instead of the scalar variable , defined as The Cayley–Hamilton theorem states that this polynomial expression is equal to the zero matrix, which is to say that . The theorem allows to be expressed as a linear combination of the lower matrix powers of . When the ring is a field, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem is equivalent to the statement that the minimal polynomial of a square matrix divides its characteristic polynomial.
A special case of the theorem was first proved by Hamilton in 1853 in terms of inverses of linear functions of quaternions. This corresponds to the special case of certain real or complex matrices. Cayley in 1858 stated the result for and smaller matrices, but only published a proof for the case. As for matrices, Cayley stated “..., I have not thought it necessary to undertake the labor of a formal proof of the theorem in the general case of a matrix of any degree”. The general case was first proved by Ferdinand Frobenius in 1878.
Examples
matrices
For a matrix , the characteristic polynomial is given by , and so is trivial.
matrices
As a concrete example, let
Its characteristic polynomial is given by
The Cayley–Hamilton theorem claims that, if we define
then
We can verify by computation that indeed,
For a generic matrix,
the characteristic polynomial is given by , so the Cayley–Hamilton theorem states that
which is indeed always the case, evident by working out the entries of .
Applications
Determinant and inverse matrix
For a general invertible matrix , i.e., one with nonzero determinant, −1 can thus be written as an order polynomial expression in : As indicated, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem amounts to the identity
The coefficients are given by the elementary symmetric polynomials of the eigenvalues of . Using Newton identities, the elementary symmetric polynomials can in turn be expressed in terms of power sum symmetric polynomials of the eigenvalues:
where is the trace of the matrix . Thus, we can express in terms of the trace of powers of .
In general, the formula for the coefficients is given in terms of complete exponential Bell polynomials as
In particular, the determinant of equals . Thus, the determinant can be written as the trace identity:
Likewise, the characteristic polynomial can be written as
and, by multiplying both sides by (note ), one is led to an expression for the inverse of as a trace identity,
Another method for obtaining these coefficients for a general matrix, provided no root be zero, relies on the following alternative expression for the determinant,
Hence, by virtue of the Mercator series,
where the exponential only needs be expanded to order , since is of order , the net negative powers of automatically vanishing by the C–H theorem. (Again, this requires a ring containing the rational numbers.) Differentiation of this expression with respect to allows one to express the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial for general as determinants of matrices,
Examples
For instance, the first few Bell polynomials are = 1, , , and .
Using these to specify the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of a matrix yields
The coefficient gives the determinant of the matrix, minus its trace, while its inverse is given by
It is apparent from the general formula for cn−k, expressed in terms of Bell polynomials, that the expressions
always give the coefficients of and of in the characteristic polynomial of any matrix, respectively. So, for a matrix , the statement of the Cayley–Hamilton theorem can also be written as
where the right-hand side designates a matrix with all entries reduced to zero. Likewise, this determinant in the case, is now
This expression gives the negative of coefficient of in the general case, as seen below.
Similarly, one can write for a matrix ,
where, now, the determinant is ,
and so on for larger matrices. The increasingly complex expressions for the coefficients is deducible from Newton's identities or the Faddeev–LeVerrier algorithm.
n-th power of matrix
The Cayley–Hamilton theorem always provides a relationship between the powers of (though not always the simplest one), which allows one to simplify expressions involving such powers, and evaluate them without having to compute the power n or any higher powers of .
As an example, for the theorem gives
Then, to calculate , observe
Likewise,
Notice that we have been able to write the matrix power as the sum of two terms. In fact, matrix power of any order can be written as a matrix polynomial of degree at most , where is the size of a square matrix. This is an instance where Cayley–Hamilton theorem can be used to express a matrix function, which we will discuss below systematically.
Matrix functions
Given an analytic function
and the characteristic polynomial of degree of an matrix , the function can be expressed using long division as
where is some quotient polynomial and is a remainder polynomial such that .
By the Cayley–Hamilton theorem, replacing by the matrix gives , so one has
Thus, the analytic function of the matrix can be expressed as a matrix polynomial of degree less than .
Let the remainder polynomial be
Since , evaluating the function at the eigenvalues of yields
This amounts to a system of linear equations, which can be solved to determine the coefficients . Thus, one has
When the eigenvalues are repeated, that is for some , two or more equations are identical; and hence the linear equations cannot be solved uniquely. For such cases, for an eigenvalue with multiplicity , the first derivatives of vanish at the eigenvalue. This leads to the extra linearly independent solutions
which, combined with others, yield the required equations to solve for .
Finding a polynomial that passes through the points is essentially an interpolation problem, and can be solved using Lagrange or Newton interpolation techniques, leading to Sylvester's formula.
For example, suppose the task is to find the polynomial representation of
The characteristic polynomial is , and the eigenvalues are . Let . Evaluating at the eigenvalues, one obtains two linear equations, and .
Solving the equations yields and . Thus, it follows that
If, instead, the function were , then the coefficients would have been and ; hence
As a further example, when considering
then the characteristic polynomial is , and the eigenvalues are .
As before, evaluating the function at the eigenvalues gives us the linear equations and ; the solution of which gives, and . Thus, for this case,
which is a rotation matrix.
Standard examples of such usage is the exponential map from the Lie algebra of a matrix Lie group into the group. It is given by a matrix exponential,
Such expressions have long been known for ,
where the are the Pauli matrices and for ,
which is Rodrigues' rotation formula. For the notation, see 3D rotation group#A note on Lie algebras.
More recently, expressions have appeared for other groups, like the Lorentz group , and , as well as . The group is the conformal group of spacetime, its simply connected cover (to be precise, the simply connected cover of the connected component of ). The expressions obtained apply to the standard representation of these groups. They require knowledge of (some of) the eigenvalues of the matrix to exponentiate. For (and hence for ), closed expressions have been obtained for all irreducible representations, i.e. of any spin.
Algebraic number theory
The Cayley–Hamilton theorem is an effective tool for computing the minimal polynomial of algebraic integers. For example, given a finite extension of and an algebraic integer which is a non-zero linear combination of the we can compute the minimal polynomial of by finding a matrix representing the -linear transformation
If we call this transformation matrix , then we can find the minimal polynomial by applying the Cayley–Hamilton theorem to .
Proofs
The Cayley–Hamilton theorem is an immediate consequence of the existence of the Jordan normal form for matrices over algebraically closed fields, see . In this section, direct proofs are presented.
As the examples above show, obtaining the statement of the Cayley–Hamilton theorem for an matrix
requires two steps: first the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial are determined by development as a polynomial in of the determinant
and then these coefficients are used in a linear combination of powers of that is equated to the zero matrix:
The left-hand side can be worked out to an matrix whose entries are (enormous) polynomial expressions in the set of entries of , so the Cayley–Hamilton theorem states that each of these expressions equals . For any fixed value of , these identities can be obtained by tedious but straightforward algebraic manipulations. None of these computations, however, can show why the Cayley–Hamilton theorem should be valid for matrices of all possible sizes , so a uniform proof for all is needed.
Preliminaries
If a vector of size is an eigenvector of with eigenvalue , in other words if , then
which is the zero vector since (the eigenvalues of are precisely the roots of ). This holds for all possible eigenvalues , so the two matrices equated by the theorem certainly give the same (null) result when applied to any eigenvector. Now if admits a basis of eigenvectors, in other words if is diagonalizable, then the Cayley–Hamilton theorem must hold for , since two matrices that give the same values when applied to each element of a basis must be equal.
Consider now the function which maps matrices to matrices given by the formula , i.e. which takes a matrix and plugs it into its own characteristic polynomial. Not all matrices are diagonalizable, but for matrices with complex coefficients many of them are: the set of diagonalizable complex square matrices of a given size is dense in the set of all such square matrices (for a matrix to be diagonalizable it suffices for instance that its characteristic polynomial not have any multiple roots). Now viewed as a function (since matrices have entries) we see that this function is continuous. This is true because the entries of the image of a matrix are given by polynomials in the entries of the matrix. Since
and since the set is dense, by continuity this function must map the entire set of matrices to the zero matrix. Therefore, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem is true for complex numbers, and must therefore also hold for - or -valued matrices.
While this provides a valid proof, the argument is not very satisfactory, since the identities represented by the theorem do not in any way depend on the nature of the matrix (diagonalizable or not), nor on the kind of entries allowed (for matrices with real entries the diagonalizable ones do not form a dense set, and it seems strange one would have to consider complex matrices to see that the Cayley–Hamilton theorem holds for them). We shall therefore now consider only arguments that prove the theorem directly for any matrix using algebraic manipulations only; these also have the benefit of working for matrices with entries in any commutative ring.
There is a great variety of such proofs of the Cayley–Hamilton theorem, of which several will be given here. They vary in the amount of abstract algebraic notions required to understand the proof. The simplest proofs use just those notions needed to formulate the theorem (matrices, polynomials with numeric entries, determinants), but involve technical computations that render somewhat mysterious the fact that they lead precisely to the correct conclusion. It is possible to avoid such details, but at the price of involving more subtle algebraic notions: polynomials with coefficients in a non-commutative ring, or matrices with unusual kinds of entries.
Adjugate matrices
All proofs below use the notion of the adjugate matrix of an matrix , the transpose of its cofactor matrix. This is a matrix whose coefficients are given by polynomial expressions in the coefficients of (in fact, by certain determinants), in such a way that the following fundamental relations hold,
These relations are a direct consequence of the basic properties of determinants: evaluation of the entry of the matrix product on the left gives the expansion by column of the determinant of the matrix obtained from by replacing column by a copy of column , which is if and zero otherwise; the matrix product on the right is similar, but for expansions by rows.
Being a consequence of just algebraic expression manipulation, these relations are valid for matrices with entries in any commutative ring (commutativity must be assumed for determinants to be defined in the first place). This is important to note here, because these relations will be applied below for matrices with non-numeric entries such as polynomials.
A direct algebraic proof
This proof uses just the kind of objects needed to formulate the Cayley–Hamilton theorem: matrices with polynomials as entries. The matrix whose determinant is the characteristic polynomial of is such a matrix, and since polynomials form a commutative ring, it has an adjugate
Then, according to the right-hand fundamental relation of the adjugate, one has
Since is also a matrix with polynomials in as entries, one can, for each , collect the coefficients of in each entry to form a matrix of numbers, such that one has
(The way the entries of are defined makes clear that no powers higher than occur). While this looks like a polynomial with matrices as coefficients, we shall not consider such a notion; it is just a way to write a matrix with polynomial entries as a linear combination of constant matrices, and the coefficient has been written to the left of the matrix to stress this point of view.
Now, one can expand the matrix product in our equation by bilinearity:
Writing
one obtains an equality of two matrices with polynomial entries, written as linear combinations of constant matrices with powers of as coefficients.
Such an equality can hold only if in any matrix position the entry that is multiplied by a given power is the same on both sides; it follows that the constant matrices with coefficient in both expressions must be equal. Writing these equations then for from down to 0, one finds
Finally, multiply the equation of the coefficients of from the left by , and sum up:
The left-hand sides form a telescoping sum and cancel completely; the right-hand sides add up to :
This completes the proof.
A proof using polynomials with matrix coefficients
This proof is similar to the first one, but tries to give meaning to the notion of polynomial with matrix coefficients that was suggested by the expressions occurring in that proof. This requires considerable care, since it is somewhat unusual to consider polynomials with coefficients in a non-commutative ring, and not all reasoning that is valid for commutative polynomials can be applied in this setting.
Notably, while arithmetic of polynomials over a commutative ring models the arithmetic of polynomial functions, this is not the case over a non-commutative ring (in fact there is no obvious notion of polynomial function in this case that is closed under multiplication). So when considering polynomials in with matrix coefficients, the variable must not be thought of as an "unknown", but as a formal symbol that is to be manipulated according to given rules; in particular one cannot just set to a specific value.
Let be the ring of matrices with entries in some ring R (such as the real or complex numbers) that has as an element. Matrices with as coefficients polynomials in , such as or its adjugate B in the first proof, are elements of .
By collecting like powers of , such matrices can be written as "polynomials" in with constant matrices as coefficients; write for the set of such polynomials. Since this set is in bijection with , one defines arithmetic operations on it correspondingly, in particular multiplication is given by
respecting the order of the coefficient matrices from the two operands; obviously this gives a non-commutative multiplication.
Thus, the identity
from the first proof can be viewed as one involving a multiplication of elements in .
At this point, it is tempting to simply set equal to the matrix , which makes the first factor on the left equal to the zero matrix, and the right hand side equal to ; however, this is not an allowed operation when coefficients do not commute. It is possible to define a "right-evaluation map" , which replaces each by the matrix power of , where one stipulates that the power is always to be multiplied on the right to the corresponding coefficient. But this map is not a ring homomorphism: the right-evaluation of a product differs in general from the product of the right-evaluations. This is so because multiplication of polynomials with matrix coefficients does not model multiplication of expressions containing unknowns: a product is defined assuming that commutes with , but this may fail if is replaced by the matrix .
One can work around this difficulty in the particular situation at hand, since the above right-evaluation map does become a ring homomorphism if the matrix is in the center of the ring of coefficients, so that it commutes with all the coefficients of the polynomials (the argument proving this is straightforward, exactly because commuting with coefficients is now justified after evaluation).
Now, is not always in the center of , but we may replace with a smaller ring provided it contains all the coefficients of the polynomials in question: , , and the coefficients of the polynomial . The obvious choice for such a subring is the centralizer of , the subring of all matrices that commute with ; by definition is in the center of .
This centralizer obviously contains , and , but one has to show that it contains the matrices . To do this, one combines the two fundamental relations for adjugates, writing out the adjugate as a polynomial:
Equating the coefficients shows that for each , we have as desired. Having found the proper setting in which is indeed a homomorphism of rings, one can complete the proof as suggested above:
This completes the proof.
A synthesis of the first two proofs
In the first proof, one was able to determine the coefficients of based on the right-hand fundamental relation for the adjugate only. In fact the first equations derived can be interpreted as determining the quotient of the Euclidean division of the polynomial on the left by the monic polynomial , while the final equation expresses the fact that the remainder is zero. This division is performed in the ring of polynomials with matrix coefficients. Indeed, even over a non-commutative ring, Euclidean division by a monic polynomial is defined, and always produces a unique quotient and remainder with the same degree condition as in the commutative case, provided it is specified at which side one wishes to be a factor (here that is to the left).
To see that quotient and remainder are unique (which is the important part of the statement here), it suffices to write as and observe that since is monic, cannot have a degree less than that of , unless .
But the dividend and divisor used here both lie in the subring , where is the subring of the matrix ring generated by : the -linear span of all powers of . Therefore, the Euclidean division can in fact be performed within that commutative polynomial ring, and of course it then gives the same quotient and remainder 0 as in the larger ring; in particular this shows that in fact lies in .
But, in this commutative setting, it is valid to set to in the equation
in other words, to apply the evaluation map
which is a ring homomorphism, giving
just like in the second proof, as desired.
In addition to proving the theorem, the above argument tells us that the coefficients of are polynomials in , while from the second proof we only knew that they lie in the centralizer of ; in general is a larger subring than , and not necessarily commutative. In particular the constant term lies in . Since is an arbitrary square matrix, this proves that can always be expressed as a polynomial in (with coefficients that depend on .
In fact, the equations found in the first proof allow successively expressing as polynomials in , which leads to the identity
valid for all matrices, where
is the characteristic polynomial of .
Note that this identity also implies the statement of the Cayley–Hamilton theorem: one may move to the right hand side, multiply the resulting equation (on the left or on the right) by , and use the fact that
A proof using matrices of endomorphisms
As was mentioned above, the matrix p(A) in statement of the theorem is obtained by first evaluating the determinant and then substituting the matrix A for t; doing that substitution into the matrix before evaluating the determinant is not meaningful. Nevertheless, it is possible to give an interpretation where is obtained directly as the value of a certain determinant, but this requires a more complicated setting, one of matrices over a ring in which one can interpret both the entries of , and all of itself. One could take for this the ring of matrices over , where the entry is realised as , and as itself. But considering matrices with matrices as entries might cause confusion with block matrices, which is not intended, as that gives the wrong notion of determinant (recall that the determinant of a matrix is defined as a sum of products of its entries, and in the case of a block matrix this is generally not the same as the corresponding sum of products of its blocks!). It is clearer to distinguish from the endomorphism of an -dimensional vector space V (or free -module if is not a field) defined by it in a basis , and to take matrices over the ring End(V) of all such endomorphisms. Then is a possible matrix entry, while designates the element of whose entry is endomorphism of scalar multiplication by ; similarly will be interpreted as element of . However, since is not a commutative ring, no determinant is defined on ; this can only be done for matrices over a commutative subring of . Now the entries of the matrix all lie in the subring generated by the identity and , which is commutative. Then a determinant map is defined, and evaluates to the value of the characteristic polynomial of at (this holds independently of the relation between and ); the Cayley–Hamilton theorem states that is the null endomorphism.
In this form, the following proof can be obtained from that of (which in fact is the more general statement related to the Nakayama lemma; one takes for the ideal in that proposition the whole ring ). The fact that is the matrix of in the basis means that
One can interpret these as components of one equation in , whose members can be written using the matrix-vector product that is defined as usual, but with individual entries and in being "multiplied" by forming ; this gives:
where is the element whose component is (in other words it is the basis of written as a column of vectors). Writing this equation as
one recognizes the transpose of the matrix considered above, and its determinant (as element of is also p(φ). To derive from this equation that , one left-multiplies by the adjugate matrix of , which is defined in the matrix ring , giving
the associativity of matrix-matrix and matrix-vector multiplication used in the first step is a purely formal property of those operations, independent of the nature of the entries. Now component of this equation says that ; thus vanishes on all , and since these elements generate it follows that , completing the proof.
One additional fact that follows from this proof is that the matrix whose characteristic polynomial is taken need not be identical to the value substituted into that polynomial; it suffices that be an endomorphism of satisfying the initial equations
for some sequence of elements that generate (which space might have smaller dimension than , or in case the ring is not a field it might not be a free module at all).
A bogus "proof":
One persistent elementary but incorrect argument for the theorem is to "simply" take the definition
and substitute for , obtaining
There are many ways to see why this argument is wrong. First, in the Cayley–Hamilton theorem, is an matrix. However, the right hand side of the above equation is the value of a determinant, which is a scalar. So they cannot be equated unless (i.e. is just a scalar). Second, in the expression , the variable λ actually occurs at the diagonal entries of the matrix . To illustrate, consider the characteristic polynomial in the previous example again:
If one substitutes the entire matrix for in those positions, one obtains
in which the "matrix" expression is simply not a valid one. Note, however, that if scalar multiples of identity matrices
instead of scalars are subtracted in the above, i.e. if the substitution is performed as
then the determinant is indeed zero, but the expanded matrix in question does not evaluate to ; nor can its determinant (a scalar) be compared to p(A) (a matrix). So the argument that still does not apply.
Actually, if such an argument holds, it should also hold when other multilinear forms instead of determinant is used. For instance, if we consider the permanent function and define , then by the same argument, we should be able to "prove" that . But this statement is demonstrably wrong: in the 2-dimensional case, for instance, the permanent of a matrix is given by
So, for the matrix in the previous example,
Yet one can verify that
One of the proofs for Cayley–Hamilton theorem above bears some similarity to the argument that . By introducing a matrix with non-numeric coefficients, one can actually let live inside a matrix entry, but then is not equal to , and the conclusion is reached differently.
Proofs using methods of abstract algebra
Basic properties of Hasse–Schmidt derivations on the exterior algebra of some -module (supposed to be free and of finite rank) have been used by to prove the Cayley–Hamilton theorem. See also .
Abstraction and generalizations
The above proofs show that the Cayley–Hamilton theorem holds for matrices with entries in any commutative ring , and that will hold whenever is an endomorphism of an -module generated by elements that satisfies
This more general version of the theorem is the source of the celebrated Nakayama lemma in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry.
The Cayley-Hamilton theorem also holds for matrices over the quaternions, a noncommutative ring.
See also
Companion matrix
Remarks
Notes
References
(open access)
(communicated on June 9, 1862)
(communicated on June 23, 1862)
"Classroom Note: A Simple Proof of the Leverrier--Faddeev Characteristic Polynomial Algorithm"
(open archive).
External links
A proof from PlanetMath.
The Cayley–Hamilton theorem at MathPages
Theorems in linear algebra
Articles containing proofs
Matrix theory
William Rowan Hamilton |
```java
/*
* FindBugs - Find Bugs in Java programs
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
package edu.umd.cs.findbugs.gui2;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
/**
* @author pugh
*/
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SwingThread {
}
``` |
is a Japanese former Nippon Professional Baseball infielder/outfielder.
His younger brother Kenji is also a professional baseball player.
References
1964 births
Living people
Baseball people from Osaka Prefecture
Japanese baseball players
Nippon Professional Baseball infielders
Nippon Professional Baseball outfielders
Seibu Lions players
Nippon Professional Baseball coaches
Japanese baseball coaches |
The Bible are an English rock band. The band released two critically acclaimed albums in the mid-1980s and are best known for the independent chart hits "Graceland" and "Mahalia". Since The Bible's first split in 1990, lead singer Boo Hewerdine has maintained a solo career while the band itself has been intermittently active.
History
Early years and "Walking the Ghost Back Home" (1985–1986)
The Bible was formed in 1985 in Cambridge, when former Great Divide frontman Boo Hewerdine teamed up with keyboard player/drummer Tony Shepherd (who'd played with jazz bands and drummed for Cambridge bands The Wobbly Jellies and Somewhere in the Foreign Office, the latter of which had featured future satirist Chris Morris on bass). Using Hewerdine's savings and several budget-rate studios, the duo recorded The Bible's debut album Walking the Ghost Back Home with the assistance of bass player Clive Lawson, jazz saxophonist Kevin Flanagan and drummer Dave Larcombe (the latter of failed "Oxbridge Duran Duran" band Roaring Boys).
Walking the Ghost Back Home was released in 1986 on the independent record label Backs Records. The album was well received by music pundits, giving The Bible a top-ten hit on the UK Independent Chart and staying in the chart for ten weeks. This was followed by the first release of "Graceland" as a single, which gave them a minor hit in the UK. After follow-up single "Mahalia" (which reached number 15 on the UK Independent Chart) The Bible was consolidated as a five piece group. Dave Larcombe was recruited as a full-time drummer (allowing Shepherd to concentrate on keyboards), Larcombe's former Roaring Boys bandmate Neill MacColl (brother of Kirsty MacColl) was recruited as lead guitarist after performing on various Bible B-sides, and Clive Lawson was replaced by a full-time bass guitarist, Leroy Lendor.
Chrysalis period: "Eureka", "The Bible" and first split (1987–1990)
On the strength of Walking the Ghost Back Home, The Bible signed to Chrysalis Records. "Graceland" was re-mixed for single re-release in February 1987 (though it eventually charted only slightly higher than the original release). Leroy Lendor had left the band at this point, and to cover for him the band brought in former Christian Death bass player Constance Redgrave to play on the remaining tracks on the "Graceland" EP and on 1987 live dates.
By the time The Bible began recording tracks for a second album (initially self-producing with Pete Smith and Owen Morris), the band were without a bass player again. Neill MacColl's brother Calum – a respected multi-instrumentalist from the folk music scene – guested on bass guitar for the sessions. Unsatisfied with their initial work, The Bible ditched the existing new album recordings (some of which would later surface as B-sides) and opted to start again.
At the suggestion of their management, the band recruited American country-rocker Steve Earle as their new producer, and recorded a more successful set of sessions with yet another guest bass player (this time Greg Harewood of Incognito/Mirage/Soul II Soul). These formed the basis for most of the second Bible album, Eureka, released in January 1988.
In spite of good reviews, the commercial performance of Eureka was disappointing – the album peaked at number 71 on the UK Albums Chart and its three singles failed to chart. Although the band had begun to record a third album (to be titled Anticlockwise), Chrysalis rejected the initial recordings in favour of repackaging earlier material. Leroy Lendor returned to the band in time for a re-recording of "Graceland" which provided The Bible with their highest charting single to date (reaching number 51 in the UK in April 1989)
Chrysalis then opted to compile the new version of "Graceland" with most of the Eureka tracks as a stopgap album called The Bible, filling out the remaining space on the record with a number of B-sides. As further promotion, the Eureka single "Honey Be Good" was re-released and gave The Bible a second hit later that year, reaching number 54. The additional commercial pressures of being on a larger label did not sit well with Hewerdine, who later recalled "I think I felt under a lot of pressure. There were a lot of people telling me what I should do and I felt very bullied."
In early 1990, The Bible broke up in farcical circumstances. Having flown to Germany to perform "Honey Be Good" on what turned out to be a TV talent show, they lost to a man who performed under the name of Mr Gadget, wore a spinning bowtie with lights on it, and won by 140,000 votes as compared to The Bible's twelve. As Hewerdine later remembered it, "we all took it so personally that we split up."
Post-split work and mid-'90s reformation (1990–1994)
Having already recorded a duo album with Darden Smith in between previous Bible commitments, Hewerdine now began a solo career. Shepherd moved into music teaching and session playing (among other work, playing keyboards on a number of early Oasis tours), while MacColl and Lendor teamed up with Calum MacColl and drummer/keyboard player Robert Bond III in a new band called Liberty Horses (who released a single album, Joyland, in 1993). In spite of the break-up, relationships between the band members remained fairly amicable: when interviewed in 2013, they would claim to have never really split up, but just to have periodically stopped when the band's money ran out and made it impossible to continue.
In 1994, The Bible reformed (with the lineup of Hewerdine, Shepherd, Larcombe, Lendor and Neill MacColl) for recordings and a tour. The band released the Dreamlife EP in 1994. Tracks for a new album were recorded, including several songs co-written with former Danny Wilson frontman Gary Clark, a songwriting collaborator of Hewerdine's.
Unfortunately, the band's new record deal failed and The Bible split up again before they could complete and release the album. MacColl went on to team up with Gary Clark in the band King L, who released one album (Great Day For Gravity) in 1995, featuring several more Clark/Hewerdine co-writes including "Greedy" and "Last Cigarette". Versions of both of the latter songs (plus the original title track from the Dreamlife EP and a version of the unreleased Bible song "Junk") surfaced on Hewerdine's 1996 solo album Baptist Hospital, which featured several appearances by MacColl (who also guested on the live dates).
In 1999 the proposed third Bible album was finally assembled and released posthumously, under the name of Dodo.
Second reformation (2011–present)
The various members of The Bible maintained contact over the following decade-and-a-half. During this time Hewerdine continued his solo career and worked with Eddi Reader, while MacColl played with David Gray and Kathryn Williams.
In late 2011, The Bible reunited for two concerts (at the ABC 1/2 in Glasgow on 29 September and The Grand in Clapham, London on 30 September) to promote the new Red Grape Records reissue of Walking the Ghost Back Home. In addition to the promotional dates, they also announced that they were working on new material.
In 2013, Eureka was reissued for its 25th anniversary by Cherry Red Records as a double disc, including B-sides and different mixes. The Bible played two dates in promotion at the Islington Assembly Hall (1 March) and The Met in Bury (15 March), with an unavailable Dave Larcombe now replaced on drums by Martyn Barker (Shriekback, King Swamp) and with former Dream Academy member Kate St John playing saxophones and accordion. A live album recorded at the Bury gig was scheduled for later in the year but has not yet been released. The concerts saw the debut of two new Bible songs, 'Money Spider' and 'Static'. The band are currently recording a fourth album in intermittent sessions "as and when schedules allow".
The band recently performed a 30th Anniversary concert – originally scheduled for September 2016, but cancelled, the concert took place on 27 January 2017 at Under the Bridge in Fulham.
Discography
Albums
Walking the Ghost Back Home (1986), Backs – UK Indie No. 10
Eureka (1988), Chrysalis – UK No. 71
Dodo (1999), Haven Records
Singles
"Graceland" (1986), Backs – UK No. 87
"Mahalia" (1986), Backs – UK Indie No. 15
"Graceland" (1987), Chrysalis – UK No. 86
"Crystal Palace" (1988), Chrysalis – UK No. 82
"Honey Be Good" (1988), Chrysalis
"Skywriting" (1988), Chrysalis
"Graceland" (new version) (1989), Chrysalis – UK No. 51
"Honey Be Good" (1989), Chrysalis – UK No. 54
Dreamlife EP (1994)
Compilation albums
The Bible (1989), Chrysalis – UK No. 67
Random Acts of Kindness (1995), Haven
References
External links
Official website
Boo Hewerdine's official website
Chrysalis Records artists
English rock music groups
English new wave musical groups
English post-punk music groups
Musical groups from Cambridge
Musical groups established in 1985
1985 establishments in England |
Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva were the defending champions, and successfully defended their title, defeating Larisa Savchenko and Jana Novotná in the final 6–3, 7–5.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
References
1993 French Open – Women's draws and results at the International Tennis Federation
Women's doubles
1993
1993 in women's tennis
1993 in French women's sport |
Dr. Marian Jeliński (Kashubian: Marión Jelińsczi) was born in Siemirowice (Kashubian: Szëmrejce), in 1949. Jeliński is a recognized authority in bee diseases and an active member of the Kashubian community. He is involved in a range of activities focusing on the preservation of the Kashubian language and culture. Jeliński is also known for his support of Kashubian embroidery and building bridges between Kashubian communities in Poland and Canada. He and his wife, Alicja, have two sons and currently live in Żukowo, near Gdańsk, Poland.
Education
In 1968, Jeliński enrolled at the Agricultural and Technical University of Olsztyn, to study veterinary medicine, broadening his prospective at the Tierärztliche Hochschule in Hannover, Germany. In 1974, he completed his graduate studies and became a veterinarian, accepting employment from the National Veterinary Research Institute at the Department of Diseases of Useful Insects in Swarzędz, near Poznań.
In 1978, Jeliński received a scholarship to study at the Free University of (West) Berlin. During the three months he spent there, he demonstrated how a strain of Bacillus possesses mycolytic properties against Ascosphaera mycelia.
In 1980, Jeliński submitted his Ph.D. in veterinary sciences at the National Veterinary Research Institute of Puławy, Poland. His dissertation contributed to a greater understanding of the biochemical activities of Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae (formerly classified as Bacillus larvae) - i.e., American foulbrood is caused by this bacterium.
Professional life
A 1976 visit to Bulgaria had a profound impact on his career. Here, for the first time Jeliński witnessed the deadly parasitic mite, Varroa destructor. While at the Bulgarian Department of Microbiology, Jeliński (along with Dr. M. Shabanov) published an article in the Polish magazine Pszczelarstwo (The Beekeeping) about this deadly parasite that affects honey bees. Later, he published the V. destructor (formerly classified as Varroa jacobsoni) article in Austria and France.
When, in 1980, the mite Varroa destructor was detected in Poland, and later causing death of many bee colonies and no satisfactory treatment had yet been found, Jeliński vastly contributed to the testing of Apiwarol AS – amitraz and Warrosekt – malation as an effective alternativetreatment. Applied as smoke, these agents helped to control Varroa infestation. As a subject matter expert, Jeliński’s research on bee diseases results were in broad use in Poland for the next couple of decades.
In 1988, Jeliński found for the first time Varroa destructor on Vespula vulgaris. Jeliński was actively involved in providing training to Ghanaian and Iraqi beekeepers.
Jeliński is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, the Scientific Association of Gdańsk (Poland) and the Foundation of Beekeeping Open-Air Museum in Żukowo (Poland).
Jeliński has written or co-written more than 200 articles, published in Polish, English, German and Bulgarian. He is a recognized name in the beekeeping community, thanks to his publications in such professional journals as Pszczelarstwo (Beekeeping), Pszczelarz Polski (The Polish Beekeeper), Medycyna Weterynaryjna (Veterinary Medicine) and Apidologie (Apidology).
Conferences
Jeliński regularly participates in professional workshops and conferences.
1987 - Warsaw, Poland. International Beekeeping Congress – Apimondia.
1993 - Rez, Czech Republic. A workshop with participants from 18 European countries (European Union as well as Eastern and Central Europe) Jeliński presented the results of the study on the usefulness of different Varroa control substances, incorporated in plastic carriers.
1995 - Nitra, Slovak Republic. The International Expert Conference: "On the issue of infections of bee and brood."
1998 – Storkow, Germany. The 4th Polish - German Symposium: "New demands for honeybee breeding in the 21st century."
Awards and recognitions
1989 - recognized by the Polish Federation of Engineering Associations FSNT–NOT (Polish: Naczelna Organizacja Techniczna NOT) for his contributions to the development of the "Apiwarol AS" and "Warrosekt" medication to fight Varroa destructor.
2000 - Gold Cross of Merit.
Kashubian activist
An outspoken supporter of Kashubian language preservation, Jeliński uses it daily, and is actively involved in many undertakings. Foundation of Beekeeping Open-Air Museum (M. Jeliński) and David Shulist (for a long time head of the Wilno Heritage Society - Canada) were instrumental in several displays in Żukowo of Kashubian embroidery works, done by the students of Madawaska Valley schools.
Works
Jeliński is an author of many novels and short stories, including:
Goscëna (English: Visit) novel
Doktor Alosz z Grifa Kaszëbsczégò (English: Doctor Alosz of the Kashubian Griffin)
Moje Kaszëbë (English: My Kashubia)
Rozdrapią nasze gniôzdo (English: They’ll Demolish Our Nest)
Dwòrsczi lesny (English: The Manor Beekeeper)
Mieszkańcë (English: Residents)
Kaszëbi we Gduńsku (English: Kashubs in Gdańsk)
Przeszczépienié (English: Transplantation)
Pańdôrz (English: Sequestrator)
Stądka do wiecznoscë (English: From Here to Infinity)
Gaszenié dëcha rëbôków (English: Quenching Fishermen’s Spirit)
Jeliński developed Kashubian dictionaries. Along with David Shulist of Wilno, Ontario, Jeliński published two multi-language dictionaries:
Polish-English-Kashubian Dictionary (Pòlskò-anielskò-kaszëbsczi słowôrz) (2010, )
Kashubian-English-Polish Dictionary (Kaszëbskò-anielskò-pòlsczi słowôrz) (2011, )
Translations
Jeliński translated Bolesław Jażdżewski’s Wspòmnienia kaszëbsczégò gbùra (Kashubian Farmer’s Recollections) and helped to translate Geògrafiô Kaszëbia(Geography of Kashubia) by Jan Mordawski
References
1949 births
Polish academics
Living people
Polish people of Kashubian descent |
Wojciech Sobala (born 12 May 1988) is a Polish volleyball player. At the professional club level, he plays for Steaua București.
Honours
Club
CEV Challenge Cup
2011–12 – with AZS Częstochowa
National championships
2009–10 Polish Cup, with Jastrzębski Węgiel
References
External links
Player profile at PlusLiga.pl
Player profile at Volleybox.net
1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Sosnowiec
Polish men's volleyball players
Polish expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate volleyball players in France
Polish expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Expatriate volleyball players in Romania
Jastrzębski Węgiel players
AZS Częstochowa players
AZS Olsztyn (volleyball) players
BBTS Bielsko-Biała players
GKS Katowice (volleyball) players
LKPS Lublin players
Middle blockers |
Syncosmia craspedozona is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found on Bali, Luzon and Seram.
References
Moths described in 1958
Eupitheciini |
Ziminsky District () is an administrative district, one of the thirty-three in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ziminsky Municipal District. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Zima (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 14,420 (2002 Census);
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Ziminsky District is one of the thirty-three in the oblast. The town of Zima serves as its administrative center, despite being incorporated separately as an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.
As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Ziminsky Municipal District. The Town of Zima is incorporated separately from the district as Ziminskoye Urban Okrug.
References
Notes
Sources
Districts of Irkutsk Oblast
|
Miguel Angel Moreno (born 2 March 1977) is a Salvadoran judoka. He competed in the men's half-lightweight event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
References
1977 births
Living people
Salvadoran male judoka
Olympic judoka for El Salvador
Judoka at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people) |
NoCGV Tromsø was a purpose-built, but leased, offshore patrol vessel for the Norwegian Coast Guard.
NoCGV Tromsø is named after the city Tromsø in northern Norway. She is a 1,900-ton vessel with a Bofors 40 mm gun. NoCGV Tromsø is used for general EEZ patrol, including fishery inspection and search and rescue. NoCGV Tromsø was originally assigned to KV Nord (Norwegian Coastguard North), but during the end of her career was stationed with KV Sør (Norwegian Coastguard South), with base at Haakonsvern.
The NoCGV Tromsøs lease contract ran out on March 20, 2007. She was set to be replaced with a ship of the Barentshav-class in 2008. The leased fishing vessel NoCGV Leikvin took over Tromsøs patrol area until the new ship arrived.
The Tromsø now serves as a Panamanian-registered survey vessel named Fugro Discovery.
Citations
References
External links
Drama in the Barents Sea
Patrol vessels of the Norwegian Coast Guard
Ships built in Gdynia
1996 ships |
Agnes Earl Lyall (1908-2013) was an American artist. She helped found the American Abstract Artists in 1936. Her work is included in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Brooklyn Museum, the Yale University Art Gallery, the Carnegie Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art and the Museum of Modern Art, New York.
References
1908 births
2013 deaths
20th-century American women artists
20th-century American artists
21st-century American women artists
21st-century American artists |
Zhang Rui is the name of:
Zhang Rui (table tennis, born 1979) (), Chinese table tennis player who represented Hong Kong
Zhang Rui (table tennis, born 1997) (), Chinese table tennis player
Zhang Rui (footballer) (, born 1989), Chinese association footballer |
Anthony Township is a township in Montour County, Pennsylvania, United States.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and (1.07%) is water.
Anthony Township's terrain is flat in the south, with rolling hills in the central region, and steep hills in the north. The township's land is mostly forest in the north and farmland elsewhere. Lake Chillisquaque is in the township.
History
One of the first settlers in the area was Col. Robert Clark. The township was formed in 1849 from Derry Township and named after Joseph B. Anthony, who was the presiding judge when the township was formed.
On October 28, 2015 a militarized balloon crash-landed there, bringing the town to prominence after a century and a half of obscurity
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,388 people, 486 households, and 391 families residing in the township. The population density was . There were 513 housing units at an average density of 19.8/sq mi (7.6/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.92% White, 0.14% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.29% from other races, and 0.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.
There were 486 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.8% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.5% were non-families. 16.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.20.
In the township the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $39,946, and the median income for a family was $42,150. Males had a median income of $30,809 versus $23,359 for females. The per capita income for the township was $15,962. About 2.8% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.
References
Populated places established in 1792
Bloomsburg–Berwick metropolitan area
Townships in Montour County, Pennsylvania
Townships in Pennsylvania |
A captive bolt pistol (also known as a captive bolt gun, a cattle gun, a stunbolt gun, a bolt gun, a stun gun and a stunner) is a device used for stunning animals prior to slaughter.
The goal of captive bolt stunning is to inflict a forceful strike on the forehead with the bolt in order to induce unconsciousness. For the non-penetrating bolt gun variation, the bolt may or may not destroy part of the brain, while brain tissue is always destroyed with the penetrating bolt gun.
The bolt consists of a heavy rod made of corrosion-resistant alloys, such as stainless steel. It is held in position inside the barrel of the stunner by means of rubber washers. The bolt is usually not visible in a stunner in good condition. The bolt is actuated by a trigger pull and is propelled forward by compressed air, a spring mechanism, or by the discharge of a blank round ignited by a firing pin. After striking a shallow but forceful blow on the forehead of the animal, spring tension causes the bolt to recoil back into the barrel.
The captive bolt pistol was invented in 1903 by Hugo Heiss, former director of a slaughterhouse in Straubing, Germany.
Variations
Captive bolt pistols are of three types: penetrating, non-penetrating, and free bolt. The use of penetrating captive bolts has largely been discontinued in commercial situations in order to minimize the risk of transmission of disease.
In the penetrating type, the stunner uses a pointed bolt which is propelled by pressurized air, spring mechanism, or a blank cartridge. The bolt penetrates the skull of the animal, enters the cranium, and catastrophically damages the cerebrum and part of the cerebellum. Concussion causes destruction of vital centers of the brain and an increase in intracranial pressure, causing the animal to lose consciousness. This method is currently the most effective type of stunning, since it physically destroys brain matter (increasing the probability of a successful stun), while also leaving the brain stem intact and thus ensuring the heart continues to pump during the exsanguination. One disadvantage of this method is that brain matter is allowed to enter the blood stream, possibly contaminating other tissue with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, colloquially known as mad cow disease).
The action of a non-penetrating stunner is similar, but the bolt is blunt with a mushroom-shaped tip. The bolt strikes the forehead with great force and immediately retracts. The subsequent concussion is responsible for the unconsciousness of the animal. This type of stunner is less reliable at causing immediate unconsciousness than penetrating types; however, it has undergone a resurgence of popularity because of concerns about mad cow disease. In the European Union, this captive bolt design is required for slaughter of animals that will be used for pharmaceutical manufacture.
The free bolt stunner is used for emergency, in-the-field euthanasia of large farm-animals that cannot be restrained. It differs from a true captive bolt gun in that the projectile is not retractable; it is similar in operation to a powder-actuated nail gun or conventional firearm. Capable of firing only when pressed firmly against a surface (typically the animal's forehead), the device fires a small projectile through the animal's skull. The veterinarian can then either leave the animal to die from the projectile wound or administer lethal drugs.
Use
With cattle, goats, sheep, rabbits, and horses, failure to adequately stun using a penetrating stunner can largely be attributed to incorrect positioning. Captive bolts allow for meat trimmings from the head to be salvaged. In some veal operations, a non-penetrating concussive stunner is used in order to preserve the brains for further processing.
Captive bolt stunners are safer to use in most red meat slaughter situations. There is no danger of ricochet or over-penetration as there is with regular firearms.
The cartridges typically use of smokeless powder but can use up to in the case of large animals such as bulls. The velocity of the bolt is usually in the case of small animals and in the case of large animals.
Use for homicide
There have been a number of cases where a captive bolt pistol has been used for homicide, including:
In 1991, a 46-year old German man with a history of alcohol abuse and aggressive behaviour killed his wife.
In 2009, a 40-year old English slaughterhouse worker killed a woman with two shots to the chest.
References
External links
AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals: 2013 Edition
Firearms
Meat industry
Animal killing
Farming tools |
The Anglo–Spanish War (Spanish: Guerra Anglo-Española) was a military conflict fought between Britain and Spain as part of the Seven Years' War. It lasted from January 1762 until February 1763, when the Treaty of Paris brought it to an end.
For most of the Seven Years' War, Spain remained neutral, turning down offers from the French to join the war on their side. During the war's latter stages, however, with mounting French losses to the British leaving the Spanish Empire vulnerable, King Charles III signaled his intention to enter the war on the side of France. This alliance became the third Family Compact between the two Bourbon kingdoms. After Charles had signed the agreement with France, seized British shipping, and expelled British merchants, Britain declared war on Spain. In August 1762, a British expedition captured Havana then, a month later, captured Manila. The loss of the colonial capitals in the Spanish West Indies and East Indies was a huge blow to Spanish prestige and its ability to defend its empire. Between May and November, three major Franco-Spanish invasions of Portugal, Britain's long time Iberian ally, were defeated. The invaders were forced to withdraw with significant losses inflicted by the Portuguese, with significant British assistance. In South America, the Spanish succeeded in capturing a strategically important port, but otherwise the skirmishes with the Portuguese there had little impact on the outcome of the war.
By the Treaty of Paris, Spain handed over Florida and Menorca to Britain and returned territories in Portugal and Brazil to Portugal in exchange for the British handing back Havana and Manila. As compensation for their ally's losses, the French ceded Louisiana to Spain by the Treaty of Fontainebleau.
Background
After war was declared between France and Great Britain in 1756, Spain remained neutral. King Ferdinand VI of Spain's prime minister Ricardo Wall effectively opposed the French party who wanted to enter the war on the side of France. The geopolitical situation changed when Ferdinand VI died in 1759 and was succeeded by his younger half-brother Charles III of Spain. Charles was more ambitious than his complacent brother, and one of the main objects of Charles's foreign policy was the continued survival of Spain as an imperial power and, therefore, as a power to be reckoned with in Europe. He was alarmed by French defeats in the war, suspecting that it would upset the balance of power.
With evidence of growing Franco-Spanish co-operation, Pitt suggested it was only a matter of time before Spain entered the war. The prospect of war with Spain shattered the cabinet unity that had existed up to that point. Pitt strongly advocated a pre-emptive strike which would allow them to capture the annual plate fleet, denying Spain the money required to fund a continuous war. The rest of the cabinet refused, and Pitt resigned. In spite of this war with Spain swiftly became unavoidable; by 1761, France looked as if it was going to lose the war with Britain. Suspecting that a French defeat in the Seven Years' War would upset the balance of power, Charles signed the Family Compact with France (both countries were ruled by branches of the Bourbon family) in August 1761. In December 1761, Spain placed an embargo on British trade, seized British goods in Spain and expelled British merchants. In response to this, Britain declared war on Spain on January 4, 1762.
War
Portugal
From the British point of view the most pressing issue in the war with Spain was a threatened invasion of Portugal, which although a historic British ally, had, like Spain, remained neutral through most of the conflict. France persuaded a reluctant Spain into attacking Portugal and hoped that this new front would draw away British forces then directed against France. Portugal's long but rugged border with Spain was considered by the French to be vulnerable and easy to overrun (a view not shared by the Spanish), rather than the more complex effort needed to besiege the British fortress of Gibraltar. Spanish forces massed on the Portuguese border, ready to strike. Britain moved swiftly to support their Portuguese allies, shipping in supplies and officers to help co-ordinate the defence.
The original Spanish plan was to take Almeida and then to advance towards the Alentejo and Lisbon, but they switched their target to Porto as it would strike more directly at Anglo-Portuguese commerce. Under the direction of the Marquis of Sarria Spanish troops crossed from Galicia into Northern Portugal capturing several towns. However, the thrust against Porto stalled in difficult terrain and due to the flooding of the River Esla. British troops began arriving that summer with 6,000 coming from Belle Île under Lord Loudoun and a further 2,000 from Ireland. On May 9 Spain invested and captured the border fortress of Almeida. A British-Portuguese counter-attack led by John Burgoyne captured the Spanish town Valencia de Alcántara. French forces began to arrive to support the Spaniards, but like their allies they began to suffer high levels of attrition through disease and desertion. In November with problems with their lines of supply and communication the Bourbon allies withdrew after suffering 25,000 casualties and sued for peace. Despite the large numbers of forces involved, there had been no major battles.
South America
The Seven Years' War spilled over into Portuguese-Spanish conflict in their South American colonies. The South American war involved small colonial forces taking and retaking remote frontier areas and ended in a stalemate. The only significant action was the First Cevallos expedition, in which Spanish forces captured and then defended the strategically important port town on the River Plate Colony of Sacramento.
Cuba
In June 1762, British forces from the West Indies landed on the island of Cuba and laid siege to Havana. Although they arrived at the height of the fever season, and previous expeditions against tropical Spanish fortresses failed due, in no small part, to tropical disease, the British government was optimistic of victory— if the troops could catch the Spanish off-guard before they had time to respond. The British commander Albemarle ordered a tunnel to be dug by his sappers so a mine could be planted under the walls of the city's fortress. British troops began to fall ill from disease, but they were boosted by the arrival of 4,000 reinforcements from North America. On 30 July Albemarle ordered the mine to be detonated, and his troops stormed the fortress.
With Havana now in their hands, the British lay poised to strike at other Spanish colonies in the Spanish main should the war continue for another year. However, they had many casualties in their military hospitals that had yet to recover— and for the moment set about consolidating their hold on the city. During the year of British occupation, commerce in Havana boomed, as the port was opened up to trade with the British Empire rather than the restricted monopoly with Cádiz that had existed before.
Central America
In early 1762, William Lyttelton, the British governor of Jamaica, sent an expedition to Spanish Nicaragua up the San Juan river with the primary objective of capturing the town of Granada. The primary force and a large group of Miskito Sambu settlers numbering two thousand men and more than fifty boats captured cocoa plantations in the Matina Valley. This was followed by the villages of Jinotega, Acoyapa, Lovigüisca, San Pedro de Lóvago. Soon after on July 26 this force laid siege to the Fortress of the Immaculate Conception. However, the siege was eventually abandoned, ending military operations in Central America.
Philippines
Almost as soon as war had been declared with Spain, orders had been despatched for a British force at Madras to proceed to the Philippines and capture Manila. A combined force of 10,700 men under William Draper set off from India in late July, arriving in Manila Bay in September 1762. They had to move swiftly before the monsoon season hit. On 6 October the British stormed the city, capturing it thanks to weak Spanish resistance, along with the Archbishop surrendering to avoid further bloodshed. Spanish forces regrouped under Simon Anda, who had escaped from Manila during the siege. Diego Silang, a local Filipino leader, led a revolt against Spanish rule. However, it was sabotaged by Spanish agents and eventually crushed by the Spanish. The British were unable to extend their authority beyond Manila and the nearby port of Cavite. Eventually, the British forces in the region started to suffer from disease and dissensions within the command, further impairing their ability to aid Silang.
News of the city's capture didn't reach Europe until after the Treaty of Paris; as such no provision was made regarding its status. During the siege, the Spanish lieutenant governor had agreed to a four million payment in silver dollars known as the Manila Ransom in exchange for sparing the city from any damage. The full amount however was never paid as neither side considered it necessary. The British expedition, however, were rewarded financially after the capture of the treasure ship Filipina which was carrying American silver from Acapulco, and in a battle off Cavite the Santísima Trinidad being captured by a British squadron, carrying onboard goods from China. The cargo was valued at $1.5 million and the ship at $3 million. The twenty month occupation of Manila ended in 1764.
Aftermath
Britain held a dominant position at the negotiations, as they had during the last seven years of the war captured Canada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Dominica, Pondicherry, Senegal, and Belle Île from the French and Havana and Manila from the Spanish. Only one British territory, Menorca, had fallen into French hands, and the Spanish had not captured a single inch of British soil. Despite suffering a year of defeats, Spain was prepared to continue the war— something which their French allies were opposed to. Bute proposed a suggestion that France cede her remaining North American territory of Louisiana to Spain to compensate Madrid for its losses during the war. This formula was acceptable to the Spanish government, and allowed Britain and France to negotiate with more legroom. Both Bourbon allies considered the treaty that ended the war as being closer to a temporary armistice rather than a genuine final settlement, and William Pitt described it as an "armed truce". Britain had customarily massively reduced the size of its armed forces during peacetime, but during the 1760s a large military establishment was maintained—intended as a deterrent against France and Spain.
References
Sources
Anderson, Fred. Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766. Faber and Faber, 2001
Anderson, Fred and Cayton, Andrew. The Dominion of War: Empire and Liberty in North America 1500–2000. Penguin Books, 2005.
Anderson, Fred. The War that Made America: a Short History of the French and Indian War. Penguin Books, 2006.
Browning, Reed. The Duke of Newcastle. Yale University Press, 1975.
Longmate, Norman. Island Fortress: The Defence of Great Britain, 1603–1945. HarperCollins, 1993
Rodger NAM. Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815. Penguin Books, 2006.
N. A. M. Rodger, The Insatiable Earl: A Life of John Montagu, Fourth Earl of Sandwich (London: HarperCollins, 1993)
Simms, Brendan. Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire. Penguin Books (2008)
Anglo-Spanish War (1762–1763)
Conflicts in 1761
Conflicts in 1762
Conflicts in 1763
Wars involving Spain
Spanish 1761
Wars involving the Philippines
Seven Years' War
Wars involving Portugal
1761 in Europe
1762 in Europe
1763 in Europe
1760s in New Spain
1760s in Cuba
1761 in Cuba
1762 in Cuba
1763 in Cuba
Spain–United Kingdom military relations |
The Uganda Cup is Uganda's main national cup competition in football. This annual competition is open for member clubs of the Federation of Uganda Football Associations.
The Uganda Cup is the second most prestigious competition in Uganda football.
It is played on a knock out basis. This annual competition is open for non league sides, registered clubs playing in all the five football divisions (Div I, II, III, IV and V) of the Federation of Uganda Football Associations (FUFA)
Background
The Uganda Cup was first held in 1971. The current holders are BUL FC who won the cup by defeating VIPERS SC 3-1 on 12 June 2022 in Masindi district. Express FC and KCCA FC now hold holds the record number of wins with 10 cup titles, followed by SC Villa who have won 9 titles.
The winner of the competition represents Uganda in the CAF Confederations Cup and CECAFA Nile Basin Cup Winners Cup (maiden edition 2014).
Current competition
The 2013-14 Uganda Cup preliminary rounds were played in December 2013 and January 2014 and are organised on a regional basis. On 7 February 2014 Big League side Sadolin Paints kick off the Round of 64 in the 2013/2014 Uganda Cup with a game against Super League Police FC. This stage of the competition will be completed by 21 February 2014.
List of cup winners
Performance by club
References
External links
Uganda - List of Cup Finals, RSSSF.com
Football competitions in Uganda
National association football cups
Recurring sporting events established in 1971 |
Pseudopyrenula serusiauxii is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Trypetheliaceae. It is found in Papua New Guinea. The lichen appears as a greenish discolouration on the trunks of Macaranga trees.
Taxonomy
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 1998 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The specific epithet honours Belgian lichenologist Emmanuël Sérusiaux, a colleague of the author who accompanied him on some collecting expeditions in the country. The type was collected in the Balek Wildlife Sanctuary in Madang Province, where it was found growing on Macaranga tree trunk in the relics of a secondary forest.
Description
The lichen has a thallus that is immersed in the bark of its host, lacks a cortex, and appears as a greenish discoloration that is up to wide. The photobiont partner – a green alga of the genus Trentepohlia – is sparse in the thallus. The ascomata are more or less spherical, and small (measuring 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter) with black walls. They have flat ostioles, rather than conical ostioles that are typical of the genus Pseudopyrenula. The ascospores, which number 8 per ascus, are spindle-shaped (fusiform), have 3 septa, and feature angular, diamond-shaped lumina (interior spaces). The spores measure 30–39 by 6–8 μm. All lichen spot tests are negative, and no lichen substances were detected using thin-layer chromatography.
References
Dothideomycetes
Lichen species
Lichens described in 1998
Taxa named by André Aptroot
Fungi of New Guinea |
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<h2><span class="refentrytitle">Struct template type_to_string<icl::separate_interval_set< DomainT, Compare, Interval, Alloc >></span></h2>
<p>boost::icl::type_to_string<icl::separate_interval_set< DomainT, Compare, Interval, Alloc >></p>
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<h2 xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" class="refsynopsisdiv-title">Synopsis</h2>
<div xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" class="refsynopsisdiv"><pre class="synopsis"><span class="comment">// In header: <<a class="link" href="../../header/boost/icl/separate_interval_set_hpp.html" title="Header <boost/icl/separate_interval_set.hpp>">boost/icl/separate_interval_set.hpp</a>>
</span><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> DomainT<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">ICL_COMPARE</span> Compare<span class="special">,</span>
<span class="identifier">ICL_INTERVAL</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">ICL_COMPARE</span><span class="special">)</span> Interval<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">ICL_ALLOC</span> Alloc<span class="special">></span>
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <a class="link" href="type_to_string_idp59558992.html" title="Struct template type_to_string<icl::separate_interval_set< DomainT, Compare, Interval, Alloc >>">type_to_string</a><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">icl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">separate_interval_set</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">DomainT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Compare</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Interval</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Alloc</span> <span class="special">></span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{</span>
<span class="comment">// <a class="link" href="type_to_string_idp59558992.html#idp59564096-bb">public static functions</a></span>
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">string</span> <a class="link" href="type_to_string_idp59558992.html#idp59564656-bb"><span class="identifier">apply</span></a><span class="special">(</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span><span class="special">;</span></pre></div>
<div class="refsect1">
<a name="idp124069184"></a><h2>Description</h2>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="idp124069600"></a><h3>
<a name="idp59564096-bb"></a><code class="computeroutput">type_to_string</code> public static functions</h3>
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><pre class="literallayout"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">string</span> <a name="idp59564656-bb"></a><span class="identifier">apply</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="special">;</span></pre></li></ol></div>
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GmbH<p>
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">path_to_url
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<li><a href="functions_func_0x6e.html#index_n"><span>n</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x6f.html#index_o"><span>o</span></a></li>
<li class="current"><a href="functions_func_0x70.html#index_p"><span>p</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x72.html#index_r"><span>r</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x73.html#index_s"><span>s</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x74.html#index_t"><span>t</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x75.html#index_u"><span>u</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x76.html#index_v"><span>v</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x77.html#index_w"><span>w</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x7a.html#index_z"><span>z</span></a></li>
<li><a href="functions_func_0x7e.html#index_~"><span>~</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="contents">
<p>
<h3><a class="anchor" name="index_p">- p -</a></h3><ul>
<li>pairFound()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSimulationFilterCallback.html#a434e6ecd4e0cfa7bede6c9ad10d319e">PxSimulationFilterCallback</a>
<li>pairLost()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSimulationFilterCallback.html#da6fcf31c0678d3852f926f545884b3e">PxSimulationFilterCallback</a>
<li>patchupPointers()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheels.html#07c073158a6df39214f655f59d130b69">PxVehicleWheels</a>
<li>patchUpPointers()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheelsSimData.html#7b605042d1ef0fbd4dd84491e058c1cf">PxVehicleWheelsSimData</a>
<li>patchupPointers()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDrive.html#8548cd5c20014542d09506ee33cba69e">PxVehicleDrive</a>
<li>patchUpPointers()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheelsDynData.html#e417ce1c175c365484f341dd537dc886">PxVehicleWheelsDynData</a>
<li>peek()
: <a class="el" href="classPxFileBuf.html#63e0abac3fa4cf71760142dd7088ef36">PxFileBuf</a>
<li>plane()
: <a class="el" href="classPxGeometryHolder.html#da7be9a86ef1c21903f8a6999449f8c9">PxGeometryHolder</a>
<li>platformMismatch()
: <a class="el" href="classPxCooking.html#82e0864b92d51d409f3134cc8f740102">PxCooking</a>
<li>pointDistance()
: <a class="el" href="classPxGeometryQuery.html#248da4b70cd35bd32d4481775b4c9821">PxGeometryQuery</a>
<li>pointFromUV()
: <a class="el" href="classPxTriangle.html#a8871506b2da5d6a82ffb5bb7410cb39">PxTriangle</a>
<li>pointInPlane()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPlane.html#b2e1652edb0075afcdf4e28f513ec736">PxPlane</a>
<li>poseExtent()
: <a class="el" href="group__foundation.html#g7141493e2ce93a7c29947147874eb372">PxBounds3</a>
<li>postFilter()
: <a class="el" href="classPxQueryFilterCallback.html#a93cf87c4ec4548afc8cc5476c719781">PxQueryFilterCallback</a>
<li>preFilter()
: <a class="el" href="classPxQueryFilterCallback.html#227beae6749182b04ae18728c1aecd26">PxQueryFilterCallback</a>
<li>prepareData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxConstraintConnector.html#f04ac1b3cbd43565ac99957dd9cde100">PxConstraintConnector</a>
<li>process()
: <a class="el" href="classPxProcessPxBaseCallback.html#b0421495c7988c6b2300ee52d92918fc">PxProcessPxBaseCallback</a>
<li>processCallbacks()
: <a class="el" href="classPxScene.html#9f212d5f07851efca3731594eccbccfd">PxScene</a>
<li>processShapes()
: <a class="el" href="structPxVolumeCache_1_1Iterator.html#865f03b842d2e74a249ed840435d17a9">PxVolumeCache::PxVolumeCache::Iterator</a>
<li>processTouches()
: <a class="el" href="structPxHitCallback.html#9c6fc25eb66c22dad2a35d5630d4ec68">PxHitCallback< HitType ></a>
, <a class="el" href="structPxHitBuffer.html#f60ac2d3405c5af467f767f812f3f01d">PxHitBuffer< HitType ></a>
<li>project()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPlane.html#3d23d45c05f3ad071d8f77cf78a5b231">PxPlane</a>
<li>ptr()
: <a class="el" href="classPxStrideIterator.html#02ce9aba790d7ae3842376c5e9f34adb">PxStrideIterator< T ></a>
<li>purgeControllers()
: <a class="el" href="classPxControllerManager.html#78043dd98d6ff9c6fec577fb367a3a1f">PxControllerManager</a>
<li>put()
: <a class="el" href="classPxGeometryHolder.html#ed9b1ec5ec2cacafa9e3d5ee43dabc7b">PxGeometryHolder</a>
<li>putToSleep()
: <a class="el" href="classPxArticulation.html#b7da60ba6a4a5b7068115dc79a545b73">PxArticulation</a>
, <a class="el" href="classPxRigidDynamic.html#ae00aa2067a2fe268b999aad04f27c28">PxRigidDynamic</a>
, <a class="el" href="classPxCloth.html#f6f826b1ea5bcde8aadcbdc0775b1ce1">PxCloth</a>
<li>Px1DConstraintFlag()
: <a class="el" href="structPx1DConstraintFlag.html#7257c40cb8c4724bd3dc33b357f9ab84">Px1DConstraintFlag</a>
<li>PX_ALIGN()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPatch.html#3e3339828c1f435a5feda69f2a603f04">PxContactPatch</a>
, <a class="el" href="structPxExtendedContact.html#3aa89b24ea6a047ecd3bbe9afb66c404">PxExtendedContact</a>
, <a class="el" href="structPxModifiableContact.html#f8d69f98f2518b9295d72dbaac501ff2">PxModifiableContact</a>
, <a class="el" href="structPxRigidBodyData.html#8330c5ededefabed26dc861f14a23299">PxRigidBodyData</a>
, <a class="el" href="structPxContactPatch.html#43c76bf63475b98545b19d4b3705adba">PxContactPatch</a>
<li>PxActor()
: <a class="el" href="classPxActor.html#05d86747e2fc14c89497fa06c8f0f252">PxActor</a>
<li>PxActorShape()
: <a class="el" href="structPxActorShape.html#05dd357bb0aba0bb5dd8150be3f9857e">PxActorShape</a>
<li>PxAggregate()
: <a class="el" href="classPxAggregate.html#5a056899bfb00d7165bd04bcb6e0dc52">PxAggregate</a>
<li>PxArticulation()
: <a class="el" href="classPxArticulation.html#34e5bd7f69fc0de6c32a9bdd86ad42cc">PxArticulation</a>
<li>PxArticulationDriveCache()
: <a class="el" href="classPxArticulationDriveCache.html#3694fca773d3027d309732183dcfa737">PxArticulationDriveCache</a>
<li>PxArticulationJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxArticulationJoint.html#8ecb6fb89ec7e18314cfc9c6b255bd41">PxArticulationJoint</a>
<li>PxArticulationLink()
: <a class="el" href="classPxArticulationLink.html#ce5afc3529010882d65234d3a2954665">PxArticulationLink</a>
<li>PxBase()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBase.html#263f1ef821c74058ce9335e06cb842a4">PxBase</a>
<li>PxBaseTask()
: <a class="el" href="classphysx_1_1PxBaseTask.html#387b986ef3916322502452724d9ba582">physx::PxBaseTask</a>
<li>PxBatchQueryDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__physics.html#g7c50eeff3e586897d4441a18e43b7237">PxBatchQueryDesc</a>
<li>PxBatchQueryMemory()
: <a class="el" href="structPxBatchQueryMemory.html#048b4eea81e88e96e8c7b74445a1020d">PxBatchQueryMemory</a>
<li>PxBinaryConverter()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBinaryConverter.html#76e9b36969e46ef131f22d2d95aa31cb">PxBinaryConverter</a>
<li>PxBitAndDataT()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBitAndDataT.html#d756412651559e3d4545581d39abb058">PxBitAndDataT< storageType, bitMask ></a>
<li>PxBoundedData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxBoundedData.html#60c37ab46c80399c8228035b36ae7604">PxBoundedData</a>
<li>PxBounds3()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBounds3.html#127d0cb9a4212d0ab70d086e28f0c3f7">PxBounds3</a>
<li>PxBoxController()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBoxController.html#5182b7d6bd38b10d31ecdc6453b0ecbe">PxBoxController</a>
<li>PxBoxControllerDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__character.html#g5d8e29dacee8a0a6543029435c0d5dc6">PxBoxControllerDesc</a>
<li>PxBoxGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBoxGeometry.html#ab5633a2c4280cc591bf9f13902405c2">PxBoxGeometry</a>
<li>PxBoxObstacle()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBoxObstacle.html#9f4e679d66f76565b0b2bf09fc6a2026">PxBoxObstacle</a>
<li>PxBVH33TriangleMesh()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBVH33TriangleMesh.html#47a4931d52d707691d9eee2b30e3bd24">PxBVH33TriangleMesh</a>
<li>PxBVH34TriangleMesh()
: <a class="el" href="classPxBVH34TriangleMesh.html#38a81b9df1a936497f665c65ee1bc9c2">PxBVH34TriangleMesh</a>
<li>PxCapsuleController()
: <a class="el" href="classPxCapsuleController.html#600fba0f4d5bc98c70e45c162f0b6dd6">PxCapsuleController</a>
<li>PxCapsuleControllerDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__character.html#g9a157f74e3a2d7c0756bd527ca69d387">PxCapsuleControllerDesc</a>
<li>PxCapsuleGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxCapsuleGeometry.html#5764bb1f327ae431aaf875560930e41f">PxCapsuleGeometry</a>
<li>PxCapsuleObstacle()
: <a class="el" href="classPxCapsuleObstacle.html#6b02c2ce8d27fc144a3d6384692f8f57">PxCapsuleObstacle</a>
<li>PxCloth()
: <a class="el" href="classPxCloth.html#d7f51836089966060cb8e2a980deac85">PxCloth</a>
<li>PxClothCollisionPlane()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothCollisionPlane.html#c2109f7d48a1a56beae79591a26f77b9">PxClothCollisionPlane</a>
<li>PxClothCollisionSphere()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothCollisionSphere.html#f7f3ff5f23299fc3c1f4956c634efc14">PxClothCollisionSphere</a>
<li>PxClothCollisionTriangle()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothCollisionTriangle.html#9f876a5633bba15bde95711884a61115">PxClothCollisionTriangle</a>
<li>PxClothFabric()
: <a class="el" href="classPxClothFabric.html#57fdb4cae7066205298f234ff7e5c15d">PxClothFabric</a>
<li>PxClothFabricCooker()
: <a class="el" href="classPxClothFabricCooker.html#b837011efb0ada8bc6a9866d539ec72f">PxClothFabricCooker</a>
<li>PxClothFabricDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__cloth.html#g67e57148524e0336ebc001c5dc9f345f">PxClothFabricDesc</a>
<li>PxClothFabricPhase()
: <a class="el" href="group__cloth.html#ga6666ad3d3501085542b7c9ccc94a8d7">PxClothFabricPhase</a>
<li>PxClothGeodesicTetherCooker()
: <a class="el" href="classPxClothGeodesicTetherCooker.html#c6ca1841c73fd3b6fe485ac6159cfa1e">PxClothGeodesicTetherCooker</a>
<li>PxClothMeshDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__cooking.html#g5f214c974f4031e62cfed89231ee1d65">PxClothMeshDesc</a>
<li>PxClothMeshQuadifier()
: <a class="el" href="classPxClothMeshQuadifier.html#65bc6ac7630b441cf9c9f3a153119c3c">PxClothMeshQuadifier</a>
<li>PxClothMotionConstraintConfig()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothMotionConstraintConfig.html#0139d62ddc4315632ea7dd773e8498ee">PxClothMotionConstraintConfig</a>
<li>PxClothParticle()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothParticle.html#d001c98574b520a472c4fe69c5feda97">PxClothParticle</a>
<li>PxClothParticleMotionConstraint()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothParticleMotionConstraint.html#428b98638f5d2b52a9b3cb448686b9c1">PxClothParticleMotionConstraint</a>
<li>PxClothParticleSeparationConstraint()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothParticleSeparationConstraint.html#f005d1595e3341242d4f1f982432da44">PxClothParticleSeparationConstraint</a>
<li>PxClothSimpleTetherCooker()
: <a class="el" href="classPxClothSimpleTetherCooker.html#12acbb7e523e2b1cff25a41add360e79">PxClothSimpleTetherCooker</a>
<li>PxClothStretchConfig()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothStretchConfig.html#94ea9465247eaace088e6a358c161ae5">PxClothStretchConfig</a>
<li>PxClothTetherConfig()
: <a class="el" href="structPxClothTetherConfig.html#d8c144efc57cfd6eca2740538295d76e">PxClothTetherConfig</a>
<li>PxCollection()
: <a class="el" href="classPxCollection.html#3cf81c15b4dcd6e16f56c1d0bc383ba3">PxCollection</a>
<li>PxConstraint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxConstraint.html#505f367bc330fa15970154faf7f75d47">PxConstraint</a>
<li>PxConstraintInfo()
: <a class="el" href="structPxConstraintInfo.html#073f7587ffb496c4bdc470eb34032fd2">PxConstraintInfo</a>
<li>PxConstraintInvMassScale()
: <a class="el" href="structPxConstraintInvMassScale.html#92d334aba103ace81f47efdf17e10e6b">PxConstraintInvMassScale</a>
<li>PxContactPair()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPair.html#d9a904aa67a0cec9887d03521c636d9e">PxContactPair</a>
<li>PxContactPairExtraDataItem()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPairExtraDataItem.html#79c3bb558f707953197bd57b15baa0fe">PxContactPairExtraDataItem</a>
<li>PxContactPairExtraDataIterator()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPairExtraDataIterator.html#f5d36be4d51a22af103523375a04d5e0">PxContactPairExtraDataIterator</a>
<li>PxContactPairHeader()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPairHeader.html#d5ae557cec81ae4c92b0e987b682af7d">PxContactPairHeader</a>
<li>PxContactPairIndex()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPairIndex.html#0aae6856f18cbe9040c586ef4852a862">PxContactPairIndex</a>
<li>PxContactPairPose()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPairPose.html#a6ed45b56106284558faeebdde10c8f1">PxContactPairPose</a>
<li>PxContactPairVelocity()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactPairVelocity.html#413001492fb89e7e85dd76ed7a8d8f6d">PxContactPairVelocity</a>
<li>PxContactStreamIterator()
: <a class="el" href="structPxContactStreamIterator.html#1fff9bd121666ef99f0610ed37168e55">PxContactStreamIterator</a>
<li>PxController()
: <a class="el" href="classPxController.html#4694a2b9523adf437e190e0d15257ef1">PxController</a>
<li>PxControllerDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__character.html#g749a16c7bcdb8341d346abe43c023c12">PxControllerDesc</a>
<li>PxControllerFilters()
: <a class="el" href="classPxControllerFilters.html#227af0c6a4dd87dc7b40e8ba4fda2c92">PxControllerFilters</a>
<li>PxControllerManager()
: <a class="el" href="classPxControllerManager.html#801a75dc7e874c8f65e13baa5aaf6a04">PxControllerManager</a>
<li>PxConvexMesh()
: <a class="el" href="classPxConvexMesh.html#54250e0e545e7d32586f981b1e217526">PxConvexMesh</a>
<li>PxConvexMeshDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__cooking.html#g2b98217f34d8856ebe839821740ac438">PxConvexMeshDesc</a>
<li>PxConvexMeshGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxConvexMeshGeometry.html#9a514176c85b854f1a32b0d3ae0c00bc">PxConvexMeshGeometry</a>
<li>PxCookingParams()
: <a class="el" href="structPxCookingParams.html#738bc9799f789da5c453cadae5eaec47">PxCookingParams</a>
<li>PxD6Joint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxD6Joint.html#aa40f40276764b205e795befd10d1a50">PxD6Joint</a>
<li>PxD6JointDrive()
: <a class="el" href="classPxD6JointDrive.html#fc858c65b698a54bcdbe8036de4ff82b">PxD6JointDrive</a>
<li>PxDebugLine()
: <a class="el" href="structPxDebugLine.html#10269eccc2fe05978ff765aca850c2c4">PxDebugLine</a>
<li>PxDebugPoint()
: <a class="el" href="structPxDebugPoint.html#fbafc4862a38a0db581d2382ead4296a">PxDebugPoint</a>
<li>PxDebugText()
: <a class="el" href="structPxDebugText.html#3d263f21a8ed41bebda87ab9729f5df8">PxDebugText</a>
<li>PxDebugTriangle()
: <a class="el" href="structPxDebugTriangle.html#9680024224f24c2e94d0f3be8bad0b02">PxDebugTriangle</a>
<li>PxDefaultErrorCallback()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDefaultErrorCallback.html#cbbaca1f9ad004bf4a08580e2013310f">PxDefaultErrorCallback</a>
<li>PxDefaultFileInputData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDefaultFileInputData.html#2c88c3e9ccea05b57cef38fcba31e574">PxDefaultFileInputData</a>
<li>PxDefaultFileOutputStream()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDefaultFileOutputStream.html#add35e22bcb4df88ea5a0f688b836cdb">PxDefaultFileOutputStream</a>
<li>PxDefaultMemoryInputData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDefaultMemoryInputData.html#c8fb2f18c72eeac8eddcd2e018705de4">PxDefaultMemoryInputData</a>
<li>PxDefaultMemoryOutputStream()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDefaultMemoryOutputStream.html#8d2f97d7f4f7a06f86459125eff5f906">PxDefaultMemoryOutputStream</a>
<li>PxDeletionListener()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDeletionListener.html#fc09e12240bd133f30d23fd73adb62d2">PxDeletionListener</a>
<li>PxDeserializationContext()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDeserializationContext.html#18007433a2cc90ef8ccf4353fb8b123d">PxDeserializationContext</a>
<li>PxDistanceJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxDistanceJoint.html#ae85edd4c5a075bbefb05045efe264dc">PxDistanceJoint</a>
<li>PxDominanceGroupPair()
: <a class="el" href="structPxDominanceGroupPair.html#395d82a00772ffb5ea3b8ad10b510f94">PxDominanceGroupPair</a>
<li>PxExtendedVec3()
: <a class="el" href="structPxExtendedVec3.html#d00ecb9928814db7d497ecd9b3c7686a">PxExtendedVec3</a>
<li>PxFileBuf()
: <a class="el" href="classPxFileBuf.html#e46af0c1492c02d53ed1488361b5c7d6">PxFileBuf</a>
<li>PxFilterData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxFilterData.html#469ff4e6a40879e92ed4dc5de4b68a48">PxFilterData</a>
<li>PxFilterInfo()
: <a class="el" href="structPxFilterInfo.html#ecaeb3497f2990e0f45fed7c5034d503">PxFilterInfo</a>
<li>PxFixedJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxFixedJoint.html#0b7b4136d03244ee300096764be4ad7c">PxFixedJoint</a>
<li>PxFixedSizeLookupTable()
: <a class="el" href="classPxFixedSizeLookupTable.html#54ad0271b5dfd72f31bc7a5935a95c42">PxFixedSizeLookupTable< NB_ELEMENTS ></a>
<li>PxFlags()
: <a class="el" href="classPxFlags.html#5772810962f40450a773af8c5aaf9b52">PxFlags< enumtype, storagetype ></a>
<li>PxgDynamicsMemoryConfig()
: <a class="el" href="structPxgDynamicsMemoryConfig.html#23f805337d85ee65a944feb8458659cf">PxgDynamicsMemoryConfig</a>
<li>PxGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxGeometry.html#2507c9f4d63fe816968fe9a2744ac549">PxGeometry</a>
<li>PxGeometryHolder()
: <a class="el" href="classPxGeometryHolder.html#6baa5591f15ee31feb06bf32774be779">PxGeometryHolder</a>
<li>PxGpuTask()
: <a class="el" href="classphysx_1_1PxGpuTask.html#7d727e580b4bca6074447f178aded143">physx::PxGpuTask</a>
<li>PxGroupsMask()
: <a class="el" href="classPxGroupsMask.html#b11d864275e39aae95f32c3feab00afc">PxGroupsMask</a>
<li>PxHeightField()
: <a class="el" href="classPxHeightField.html#3687346446cb1c0f7ec1e36ccebb0e65">PxHeightField</a>
<li>PxHeightFieldDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__geomutils.html#g0e3fd140462fac286debed6c6a960c3d">PxHeightFieldDesc</a>
<li>PxHeightFieldGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxHeightFieldGeometry.html#211bb1407a1be542699e5e73ceaabbe5">PxHeightFieldGeometry</a>
<li>PxHitBuffer()
: <a class="el" href="structPxHitBuffer.html#89bcec685c76c5cdc0662eb52b67d699">PxHitBuffer< HitType ></a>
<li>PxHitCallback()
: <a class="el" href="structPxHitCallback.html#062cff2cdd2dfe1f63d0549758ea2627">PxHitCallback< HitType ></a>
<li>PxJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxJoint.html#e0d4e45e29a51cf4953e22eaf0e7a22b">PxJoint</a>
<li>PxJointAngularLimitPair()
: <a class="el" href="classPxJointAngularLimitPair.html#dc790f4203b0608a63ef886a49e8e2c1">PxJointAngularLimitPair</a>
<li>PxJointLimitCone()
: <a class="el" href="classPxJointLimitCone.html#6b3ff7c47d158bb4ef637c69ce349706">PxJointLimitCone</a>
<li>PxJointLimitParameters()
: <a class="el" href="classPxJointLimitParameters.html#b706ebb59cf473d1537741edfab2c387">PxJointLimitParameters</a>
<li>PxJointLinearLimit()
: <a class="el" href="classPxJointLinearLimit.html#d381f82db6aa6022f7e71d99603fb339">PxJointLinearLimit</a>
<li>PxJointLinearLimitPair()
: <a class="el" href="classPxJointLinearLimitPair.html#ebd9d130d0b09c7bc81044a91da6a32d">PxJointLinearLimitPair</a>
<li>PxLightCpuTask()
: <a class="el" href="classphysx_1_1PxLightCpuTask.html#1576f85a8b81170e5fd28dec773c2a45">physx::PxLightCpuTask</a>
<li>PxLocationHit()
: <a class="el" href="structPxLocationHit.html#9dce7a1e378082e86859350601591072">PxLocationHit</a>
<li>PxMassProperties()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMassProperties.html#1cbdb127fcb5b2b3617693e24ccdb49b">PxMassProperties</a>
<li>PxMat33()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMat33.html#92525fe88727f40493acfd0857680fc4">PxMat33</a>
<li>PxMat44()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMat44.html#d514b6d688fc320ffb13e94367fcdf1b">PxMat44</a>
<li>PxMaterial()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMaterial.html#9f402b870b0729455ba8199b46a0fccd">PxMaterial</a>
<li>PxMeshOverlapUtil()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMeshOverlapUtil.html#bd9c8b4408c4a5d4a8edddfd77ae3a32">PxMeshOverlapUtil</a>
<li>PxMeshScale()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMeshScale.html#073dcde32362dd33ba16db1375d32ded">PxMeshScale</a>
<li>PxMidphaseDesc()
: <a class="el" href="classPxMidphaseDesc.html#2884c3beff507638b6bceb78c46c9eee">PxMidphaseDesc</a>
<li>PxObstacle()
: <a class="el" href="classPxObstacle.html#5d833a794c92cf49451ca56cc0a82ba6">PxObstacle</a>
<li>PxObstacleContext()
: <a class="el" href="classPxObstacleContext.html#53b1408cf617fc505dc1bbf19f94f1ff">PxObstacleContext</a>
<li>PxOverlapBufferN()
: <a class="el" href="structPxOverlapBufferN.html#0b62aca23f26fef278dcbac1cb729291">PxOverlapBufferN< N ></a>
<li>PxPadding()
: <a class="el" href="structPxPadding.html#3a6e900438823b303b5818030d2df083">PxPadding< TNumBytes ></a>
<li>PxParticleBase()
: <a class="el" href="classPxParticleBase.html#1688c7c5736ab69e7606d419daccfe39">PxParticleBase</a>
<li>PxParticleCreationData()
: <a class="el" href="group__particles.html#g8946abea4ff273cbecd459cd74e83f79">PxParticleCreationData</a>
<li>PxParticleFluid()
: <a class="el" href="classPxParticleFluid.html#1355760c2e345ab70190308946fbd825">PxParticleFluid</a>
<li>PxParticleSystem()
: <a class="el" href="classPxParticleSystem.html#fd52afc4a8cff4049dc6a7db67c6d75f">PxParticleSystem</a>
<li>PxPhysicsInsertionCallback()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPhysicsInsertionCallback.html#d1424ae705471676424f57e2037f63dd">PxPhysicsInsertionCallback</a>
<li>PxPlane()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPlane.html#a91bd50f689e65d8df16b9bc451adbe4">PxPlane</a>
<li>PxPlaneGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPlaneGeometry.html#d71ebf9ac3a2f3831fb65dfe91adf505">PxPlaneGeometry</a>
<li>PxPrismaticJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPrismaticJoint.html#fa9275b9e82afed2d12e8bbd20c318ff">PxPrismaticJoint</a>
<li>PxProfileScoped()
: <a class="el" href="classphysx_1_1PxProfileScoped.html#7aa2be3e529c68553421da54ef8ecb2c">physx::PxProfileScoped</a>
<li>PxPruningStructure()
: <a class="el" href="classPxPruningStructure.html#034b569b8e1db318efcb97fa3dc03020">PxPruningStructure</a>
<li>PxQuat()
: <a class="el" href="group__foundation.html#gf4ea3337baa14716f97e5cae7f6047c2">PxQuat</a>
<li>PxQueryCache()
: <a class="el" href="structPxQueryCache.html#810ecb74536e940be1719d60aedfd3cd">PxQueryCache</a>
<li>PxQueryFilterData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxQueryFilterData.html#589e393317001f2effd196324ee459ed">PxQueryFilterData</a>
<li>PxQueryHit()
: <a class="el" href="structPxQueryHit.html#f8b229617f39cc007c74a646f8026dff">PxQueryHit</a>
<li>PxRaycastBufferN()
: <a class="el" href="structPxRaycastBufferN.html#75c64893a9241f9e962c4f144345698f">PxRaycastBufferN< N ></a>
<li>PxRaycastHit()
: <a class="el" href="structPxRaycastHit.html#5e1097c8e1265bf67cd92ea6c39122c0">PxRaycastHit</a>
<li>PxRepXInstantiationArgs()
: <a class="el" href="structPxRepXInstantiationArgs.html#030a16eab5b43df69854f966c0b95f17">PxRepXInstantiationArgs</a>
<li>PxRepXObject()
: <a class="el" href="structPxRepXObject.html#a1cc707ced49e51838f39a1867566893">PxRepXObject</a>
<li>PxRevoluteJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxRevoluteJoint.html#738a0a094358001c58c9c3ea070730a2">PxRevoluteJoint</a>
<li>PxRigidActor()
: <a class="el" href="classPxRigidActor.html#bc3690608611b90d1efd033e804fd774">PxRigidActor</a>
<li>PxRigidBody()
: <a class="el" href="classPxRigidBody.html#14d4e7068063768f6029a975ff5d41e4">PxRigidBody</a>
<li>PxRigidDynamic()
: <a class="el" href="classPxRigidDynamic.html#b21ed0e4e1be20fc975fcd3ceeb4e064">PxRigidDynamic</a>
<li>PxRigidStatic()
: <a class="el" href="classPxRigidStatic.html#7881e50c535f44a6d69f40af3baa7ffc">PxRigidStatic</a>
<li>PxScene()
: <a class="el" href="classPxScene.html#37b5f1aed7edbae16640e0555d9271ae">PxScene</a>
<li>PxSceneDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__physics.html#g8c083fd86a8c52ff269aa4dd3407127b">PxSceneDesc</a>
<li>PxSceneLimits()
: <a class="el" href="group__physics.html#gd36024f1760b55b0947dc0d91e080bd7">PxSceneLimits</a>
<li>PxSceneReadLock()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSceneReadLock.html#ef1281bce24a99ed88fc45e88c702266">PxSceneReadLock</a>
<li>PxSceneWriteLock()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSceneWriteLock.html#79dfa45a702ade06c4ca4af9de6ea160">PxSceneWriteLock</a>
<li>PxSerializationContext()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSerializationContext.html#586e2fdab9eb45ee4f88c5fc3f637936">PxSerializationContext</a>
<li>PxSerializerDefaultAdapter()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSerializerDefaultAdapter.html#3a59a446ea4fc277d0c224881c2f8658">PxSerializerDefaultAdapter< T ></a>
<li>PxShape()
: <a class="el" href="classPxShape.html#74ff05bd6c8ac9db9fcae9be23c08d82">PxShape</a>
<li>PxSimpleTriangleMesh()
: <a class="el" href="group__geomutils.html#g9acd5763a76bcf9f41b42c3a30a6421a">PxSimpleTriangleMesh</a>
<li>PxSimulationStatistics()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSimulationStatistics.html#910e1921a55acda66f5c22ee173eda32">PxSimulationStatistics</a>
<li>PxSphereGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSphereGeometry.html#f190d00c7a0b5748e8159eba87cdb23a">PxSphereGeometry</a>
<li>PxSphericalJoint()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSphericalJoint.html#b06e4205a73a38b86f803b33596ff2b0">PxSphericalJoint</a>
<li>PxSpring()
: <a class="el" href="classPxSpring.html#2fe1f5d75c8b8e0c7ad9ce417c8fdebc">PxSpring</a>
<li>PxStridedData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxStridedData.html#f327f6129229e98cb13b949b3fa2a26d">PxStridedData</a>
<li>PxStrideIterator()
: <a class="el" href="classPxStrideIterator.html#47b65f7b217b7b58e41c60eba2036c6a">PxStrideIterator< T ></a>
<li>PxSweepBufferN()
: <a class="el" href="structPxSweepBufferN.html#b8be2772b4fe811563efc01824201a61">PxSweepBufferN< N ></a>
<li>PxSweepHit()
: <a class="el" href="structPxSweepHit.html#7a872b4eff912e5e37e1ee8d551547ac">PxSweepHit</a>
<li>PxTask()
: <a class="el" href="classphysx_1_1PxTask.html#01ed1f8968b3e631509c42994b10b5cd">physx::PxTask</a>
<li>PxTolerancesScale()
: <a class="el" href="group__common.html#gf2bc9f0c0e1ee44a548900a13bb1136c">PxTolerancesScale</a>
<li>PxTransform()
: <a class="el" href="classPxTransform.html#b414a3463acc556445fb095ee32e98d8">PxTransform</a>
<li>PxTriangle()
: <a class="el" href="classPxTriangle.html#a85f97202f9b4811cdacc3f126da023b">PxTriangle</a>
<li>PxTriangleMesh()
: <a class="el" href="classPxTriangleMesh.html#b6401ba6b8f477e3c95a79da42f4e3b0">PxTriangleMesh</a>
<li>PxTriangleMeshDesc()
: <a class="el" href="group__cooking.html#g15d3050ac143dfb67ad43a8682c7b569">PxTriangleMeshDesc</a>
<li>PxTriangleMeshGeometry()
: <a class="el" href="classPxTriangleMeshGeometry.html#1a1cef2255e9fc7357a4f9e07c2826b4">PxTriangleMeshGeometry</a>
<li>PxTriggerPair()
: <a class="el" href="structPxTriggerPair.html#adedcfa39f52b9e32b73d9f2096069f1">PxTriggerPair</a>
<li>PxTypedStridedData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxTypedStridedData.html#00c6a63c63d01bdca92b06f60e6909bb">PxTypedStridedData< TDataType ></a>
<li>PxVec2()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVec2.html#4b60f4c08b8019e8c28967ed33d436ce">PxVec2</a>
<li>PxVec3()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVec3.html#672e12542fc6f752d21368493578af4e">PxVec3</a>
<li>PxVec4()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVec4.html#719a2783335631f273eb46c6f4a61925">PxVec4</a>
<li>PxVehicleAckermannGeometryData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleAckermannGeometryData.html#6d15ee641598033fef887c399f547422">PxVehicleAckermannGeometryData</a>
<li>PxVehicleAntiRollBarData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleAntiRollBarData.html#e926b0985fe5243a1e671405d19e9dac">PxVehicleAntiRollBarData</a>
<li>PxVehicleAutoBoxData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleAutoBoxData.html#4f2313daab10500b71271d46ebbd0fc5">PxVehicleAutoBoxData</a>
<li>PxVehicleChassisData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleChassisData.html#edff02e1e05309618636a393743265f4">PxVehicleChassisData</a>
<li>PxVehicleClutchData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleClutchData.html#5f50479c769bfc6ae880b92036abce8d">PxVehicleClutchData</a>
<li>PxVehicleConcurrentUpdateData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxVehicleConcurrentUpdateData.html#66a66af954cf0dc1f5fc2eec992de647">PxVehicleConcurrentUpdateData</a>
<li>PxVehicleCopyDynamicsMap()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleCopyDynamicsMap.html#46e1abd50a1efeb2c4d1cd65454b284d">PxVehicleCopyDynamicsMap</a>
<li>PxVehicleDifferential4WData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDifferential4WData.html#87b843efc25143193fea2e7112aadc41">PxVehicleDifferential4WData</a>
<li>PxVehicleDifferentialNWData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDifferentialNWData.html#a363bb07cd4533cfee8a59bc14d03c10">PxVehicleDifferentialNWData</a>
<li>PxVehicleDrivableSurfaceToTireFrictionPairs()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDrivableSurfaceToTireFrictionPairs.html#6838139851fe46e93a55cc3fb4f55239">PxVehicleDrivableSurfaceToTireFrictionPairs</a>
<li>PxVehicleDrive()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDrive.html#fc560f3fed1fb50c39eed8bdb1d12204">PxVehicleDrive</a>
<li>PxVehicleDrive4W()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDrive4W.html#c829d935d067980fd6cda927dbdb5a0f">PxVehicleDrive4W</a>
<li>PxVehicleDrive4WRawInputData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDrive4WRawInputData.html#f897772ee3457a2100945890f3d025ef">PxVehicleDrive4WRawInputData</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveDynData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveDynData.html#f38233e891d581d123bcae2724d57dc7">PxVehicleDriveDynData</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveNW()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveNW.html#f463dfdb64f6135628c5838908bb5395">PxVehicleDriveNW</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveNWRawInputData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveNWRawInputData.html#69da40337ef28425e015fc3ba0bde4eb">PxVehicleDriveNWRawInputData</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveSimData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveSimData.html#5da8eea1e75acb69885a5d9058a12b4d">PxVehicleDriveSimData</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveSimData4W()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveSimData4W.html#db99a930a7426f4835c48574ee77e947">PxVehicleDriveSimData4W</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveSimDataNW()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveSimDataNW.html#e3625d06e1733b2c574f409299507c46">PxVehicleDriveSimDataNW</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveTank()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveTank.html#1d3db837be4782115495f7e5bfcd0a29">PxVehicleDriveTank</a>
<li>PxVehicleDriveTankRawInputData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleDriveTankRawInputData.html#99b71417ecdde92487aa06d3c0ecb832">PxVehicleDriveTankRawInputData</a>
<li>PxVehicleEngineData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleEngineData.html#003aa44611d0be2a466787521db49fb2">PxVehicleEngineData</a>
<li>PxVehicleGearsData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleGearsData.html#197ff974ac25dfbad8c8f323a74a8a0d">PxVehicleGearsData</a>
<li>PxVehicleNoDrive()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleNoDrive.html#b2efce97fc543b50bed1e8ed6881ba38">PxVehicleNoDrive</a>
<li>PxVehicleSuspensionData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleSuspensionData.html#8edf19ece4a7b7c32af4aa823e98c434">PxVehicleSuspensionData</a>
<li>PxVehicleTireData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleTireData.html#4f7cde0fb3943e130fe35a786f649d1d">PxVehicleTireData</a>
<li>PxVehicleTireLoadFilterData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleTireLoadFilterData.html#b856f54f8e45dc86b9b1a396ccfa05ff">PxVehicleTireLoadFilterData</a>
<li>PxVehicleWheelConcurrentUpdateData()
: <a class="el" href="structPxVehicleWheelConcurrentUpdateData.html#5d00e2311128d7bb90b0568fa2323a68">PxVehicleWheelConcurrentUpdateData</a>
<li>PxVehicleWheelData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheelData.html#0041dd83bf7afcd53489fa1fa9727496">PxVehicleWheelData</a>
<li>PxVehicleWheels()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheels.html#0a75ee48309f1052d10acdc9b727ab06">PxVehicleWheels</a>
<li>PxVehicleWheelsDynData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheelsDynData.html#5243d9d4a70183f44b248df5b39b05d3">PxVehicleWheelsDynData</a>
<li>PxVehicleWheelsSimData()
: <a class="el" href="classPxVehicleWheelsSimData.html#9fbfa747a9ef9fe0cc1deef89a5b1238">PxVehicleWheelsSimData</a>
<li>PxWheelQueryResult()
: <a class="el" href="structPxWheelQueryResult.html#161b38c47540b17befebc36c02c8e996">PxWheelQueryResult</a>
<li>PxXmlMiscParameter()
: <a class="el" href="structPxSerialization_1_1PxXmlMiscParameter.html#c6b7fd9141603396399775d536dbe9a8">PxSerialization::PxSerialization::PxXmlMiscParameter</a>
</ul>
</div>
<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><br>
</body>
</html>
``` |
Les Diables (The Devils) is a 2002 French drama film from director Christophe Ruggia starring Adèle Haenel and Vincent Rottiers.
Plot
Joseph is a 12-year-old boy running from children's home to children's home with his autistic sister, Chloé, in tow. Chloé cannot bear to be touched, following only Joseph's commands as instructed. Joseph is fiercely protective of her as they flee the authorities to find their way home, back to the parents he believes abandoned them many years ago. They cling to a distant memory of a picturesque house, which Chloé is able to construct in exactly the same way each time, using the pieces of broken colored glass, she carries with her everywhere. Their plan is short-lived however, when they are caught and returned to yet another care home. Joseph wastes no time in stealing from his room-mates and demanding the two be left alone. Chloé makes great progress however with her carer, who is able to assess her condition and continue her care. Joseph quietly resents this new control in her life and is soon discovered to be a thief by his roommate, Karim, who develops a begrudging respect for him. Their situation worsens when a figure from his and Chloé's past returns and reveals a secret which enrages Joseph who lashes out violently and flees with Chloé.
Pursued through Marseilles as Joseph steals his way from one situation to the next, Chloé is determined to find the home she can picture so vividly. They meet up with Karim, himself escaped from children's care, with big plans about how he and Joseph can make money. Chloé leads them to a house she believes to be home. They break in and while Karim robs it, Chloé lovingly embraces her new surroundings. Joseph sees threat in this and burns the house to the ground, the three of them escaping the burning building. Chloé and Joseph share a moment where for the first time she allows Joseph to take her hand, as a reassurance she will not leave him. The police soon arrive, with Joseph hysterically dragged away and with Chloé this time placed in a secure psychiatric facility. Without Chloé, Joseph descends further into depression and violent behaviour, even attempting suicide. His life is saved by Karim, whose delinquent gang violently beats Joseph's accompanying officers to free him. Karim knows where Chloé is and the gang continues vandalizing their next stops.
Joseph frees Chloé and they move to a tunnel in the city. Joseph pledges to make money and buy a home for his sister. He starts stealing in order to accumulate enough money for them to move to a better place. One night the police notices him and asks where he is going this late at night. Joseph stabs and runs. Police chase him. He comes back to his hideout to move out with Chloé only to find the money he saved for them laying torn up by Chloé. Police arrive there and he gets injured. They escape and move around the city with the injury. Near the borders of the city they come to a home in which Chloé shows interest. Joseph asks for help because he was just in an accident. Joseph threatens the man not to call the police as they only want to rest. Joseph and Chloé go to the backyard and Chloé shows interest in a swing set. Joseph teaches her to swing and she happily complies. Joseph looks at her endearingly and the screen fades into darkness.
Cast
Adèle Haenel as Chloé
Vincent Rottiers as Joseph
Rochdy Labidi as Karim
Jacques Bonnaffé as Doran
Aurélia Petit as Joseph's mother
Galamelah Lagra as Djamel
Frédéric Pierrot as The House Man
Production
Director Christophe Ruggia said the love scene between Adèle Haenel and Vincent Rottiers took them just enough time to shoot it: there is only one take.
In 2019 Haenel gave an interview claiming that director Christophe Ruggia had sexually harassed her from the time she was 12 to 15 after casting her in the film. Several crew members stepped forward to support her accusations and to say that they Ruggia had purposefully isolated Haenel and treated her inappropriately during filming. In 2020 Ruggia was officially charged with sexually harassing Haenel.
References
External links
2002 films
2002 drama films
2000s French-language films
French drama films
Films about autism
Films about children
Films set in Marseille
2000s French films |
Nemichthys is a genus of eels in the snipe-eel family Nemichthyidae. It currently contains the following species:
Nemichthys curvirostris (Strömman, 1896) (boxer snipe-eel)
Nemichthys larseni J. G. Nielsen & D. G. Smith, 1978
Nemichthys scolopaceus J. Richardson, 1848 (slender snipe-eel)
References
Nemichthyidae
Ray-finned fish genera
Taxa named by Theodore Gill
Taxa named by John A. Ryder |
The 1976 Pot Black was a professional invitational snooker tournament, which was held in the Pebble Mill Studios in Birmingham, and featured eight professional players. All matches were one-frame shoot-outs.
Broadcasts were on BBC2 and started at 21:00 on Friday 21 May 1976 Alan Weeks presented the programme with Ted Lowe as commentator and Sydney Lee as referee.
Willie Thorne made his debut in this year's tournament against Fred Davis in the first show of the series. John Spencer won his third title beating Dennis Taylor 69-42
Main draw
Challengers League
Champions League
Knockout stage
References
Pot Black
Pot Black
Pot Black |
Grabowskia was a genus of flowering plants belonging to tribe Lycieae of subfamily Solanoideae of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. The sole remaining genus in tribe Lycieae is now Lycium, the box thorns, following the incorporation into this tribe of the (once separate) generaGrabowskia Schltdl. (published 1832) and Phrodus Miers (published 1849).
Selected species
Grabowskia ameghinoi Speg.
Grabowskia glauca I.M.Johnst.
Grabowskia lindleyi Sendtn.
Grabowskia megalosperma Speg.
Grabowskia schizocalyx Dammer
Grabowskia sodiroi Bitter
Grabowskia spegazzinii Dusén
Grabowskia duplicata Arn.
Gallery
References
External links
Solanaceae genera
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Louis Hopewell Bauer (July 18, 1888 – February 2, 1964) was an American medical doctor who founded the Aerospace Medical Association in 1929. Bauer was the first medical director of the Aeronautics Branch of the Department of Commerce which became the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
Career
He was Commandant of the School of Aviation Medicine between 1919 and 1925. During 1926, he established a medical section in the Bureau of Air Commerce, Department of Commerce. On October 7, 1929, the Aero Medical Association of the United States was founded by Bauer.
He also founded the Journal of Aviation Medicine, the predecessor of the present Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine journal. The first issue of this Journal was published in March, 1930. Bauer was the Journal's editor for 25 years.
Bauer was President and Chairman of the American Medical Association and leader of the World Medical Association.
Personal life
He was married to Helena Meredith Bauer who was a social worker with the Massachusetts General Hospital. Together they had a son, Charles Theodore Bauer, who was born on March 3, 1919. He was Co-Founder and the Chairman of AIM Management Group.
Louis Bauer Award
The Louis Bauer Award is awarded by the Aerospace Medical Association. It is given in honour of Bauer, who was the founder of the AMA. It is awarded annually "for the most significant contribution in aerospace medicine".
References
1888 births
1964 deaths
Presidents of the American Medical Association |
Joosia oligantha is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador.
References
Flora of Ecuador
oligantha
Vulnerable plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
The Sufi Centre Rabbaniyya (formerly Sufi Centre Berlin) by the Sufi-Master Sheikh Eşref Efendi is a group of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order in Germany.
History
The Sufi Centre Rabbaniyya and the head of the centre, Sheikh Eşref Efendi, belong to the Naqshbandi Sufi Order. The title of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order has changed throughout the centuries. According to the handed-down tradition of Sufi masters, the lineage of the Sufi order can be traced back to the Prophet Mohammed himself.
The knowledge and the secrets of the Prophet Mohammed have been passed down throughout the centuries in an unbroken chain of 40 grandsheikhs (silsila) up until today. The wisdom and knowledge is embodied today by Grandsheikh Nazim al Rabbani.
Grandsheikh Nazim Al Rabbani gave his student, Eşref Goekcimen, the duty to give seekers in Germany, Bosnia and Turkey spiritual advice and to guide them in the Naqshbandi tradition.
In 1994 a small group of people met up with Sheikh Esref Efendi in the Bellermanstrasse in Wedding to become the nucleus of the community. In 1998 after the Bosnian War Efendi and some of his students went to Bosnia to offer humanitarian aid and assistance to people there.
Subsequently, the group, which had grown to have approximately 40 members, travelled to Cyprus in 1999, to live there among the community of their Grandmaster, Maulana Sheikh Nazim el Rabbani. They stayed there for about six months until 2000.
As they returned to Berlin the meetings initially took place in private residences, until the Sufi Centre Berlin opened its doors in the Reuterstrasse in Neukoelln in 2003. In 2008 the centre moved to the Wissmannstrasse 20, also in Neukoelln.
In October 2010 Grandsheikh Nazim declared the global solution, all believers shall unite as "servants of God", which is expressed in Arabic with the word "Rabbaniyya". As a response to this declaration the Sufi Centre Berlin changed its name to Sufi Centre Rabbaniyya.
After Nazim al Rabbani died in 2014, the group restructured in November 2014, closed the center in berlin, opened a new one in Cologne and moved to "sufiland" in Eigeltingen-Reute (Lake Constance), which was newly opened too.
Prevalence
The community of the Sufi Centre Berlin comprises approximately 500 women, men and children, who meet on a regular basis for (spiritual speeches/addresses) and dhikrs (spiritual chanting) or watch live broadcasts of such. The majority of the members of the community practice their practices at home and only visit the centre from time to time whenever they need advice for important matters of life, which they can receive from the head of the centre, Sheikh Efendi.
It is unknown how many people would consider themselves as being a member of or as belonging to a Sufi Order. People who are interested in Sufism or are practicing can come and go whenever they wish. "Come whoever you are...", as Rumi's saying expresses the motto of his Order of the Whirling Dervishes, the Sufi Centre Rabbaniyya also welcomes its guest under the same premise every weekend.
It is not common for a small group or a Sufi Order in general to operate a membership list, or any type of registration of members. There are small groups or individuals in all areas of Berlin who meet in private to pray or meditate together.
Governance
Eşref Goekcimen was born in Mersin, Turkey, in 1964. Being a direct descendant of advisors to the Ottoman Sultans, he and his sisters and brother were raised by his parents in the tradition of Islamic beliefs. The family moved to Berlin in 1972. During his adolescence he frequently visited many libraries and mosques where he could study old works of religious literature.
In 1995 he met the last Grandsheikh of the Naqshbandi silsila, Grandsheikh Nazim al Rabbani. He began to study Nazim's teachings and accepted him as his teacher and joined the Naqshbandiyya. The silsila (or golden chain) of the Naqshbandi tradition can be traced back through all grandsheikhs to Muhammed, who in Islam is regarded as the last and hence the seal of the prophets. Grandsheikh Nazim Al Rabbani is a descendant of the bloodline of Mohammed himself. He authorized Sheikh Eşref Efendi in 1996 to serve as a spiritual guide and advisor in the tradition of the Naqshbandi tariqa.
As is custom in the tradition, Efendi began delivering (spiritual addresses) in Berlin and quickly a community of people gathered around him. In 1998 he took off to Bosnia with some of his students to offer reconstructing and humanitarian aid after the war in Bosnia. In a joint effort they helped with the reconstruction of the burial site of Sari Saltuk (also known as Baba Sari Saltik or Saltuk Baba), a 13th-century saint.
Today he is known as Sheikh Eşref Efendi and founder of the Sufi Centre Berlin (Europäische Mitte für interspirituelle Begegnungen = European Center for Inter-spiritual Encounters). He has also initiated the launch of Sufi Centres in Radolfzell/Bodensee (Lake Constance), Cologne, Eigeltingen/Reute and Ludwigshafen. His events and (spiritual addresses) are visited by people from all over Europe, people of various cultures, traditions and beliefs. Due to the growing interest Efendi's influence has also spread to Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Switzerland and Slovenia.
Teachings
Naqshibandyya
The followers of the Naqshibandyya tradition live within an Islamic framework of belief, i.e., they believe in the Torah of Moses and the Gospel of Jesus, as well as the Quran of Mohammed. Their life is directed by the example and the rules of the last messenger, Mohammed.
The greatest distinction between Sufism and many other Islamic pathways is the practice of the quiet or loud dhikr. The continuous remembering of God can support the human soul in finding back to its origin and realizing its true value.
The students of the Naqshibandi order believe in the prophecies of Mohammed. According to these prophecies, the current times are humanity’s last days or the days of Armageddon. At the height of these dark times they are expecting the appearance of a saviour, Imam Mahdi, and the second coming of Jesus.
Rabbaniyya
Rabbaniyya means "true servanthood". Rabbaniyya is the way to live as a servant of the creator. This is the essence, the seed of every spiritual path. The most important purpose of all religions is to lead humanity to the divine love and the art of true servanthood.
Worship and practices
Sohbet
"Our path is the way of the sohbet (association)" said Shah Naqshband, the 12th grandsheikh of the Silsila. The tradition of the cleaning of the heart through the word of God and the breath of a prophet or a saint can be traced back to the Prophet Mohammed and all other prophets of the Bible and the Torah, who have come before him. They all had the task to talk to humanity in parables about God and the soul as well as delivering messages, commandments and rules which would lead humanity onto a God-pleasing path and would ease their lives. Parables and metaphors are used for easy comprehension.
In the Sufi Centre Berlin such take place at least once per week, usually on Fridays. Sheikh Efendi or one of his authorized students speak at about 8pm. Such an address may generally last anything from 45–90 minutes, but there is no pre-set time limit. are delivered without preparation and they offer that which is of benefit to all attendants.
Dhikr
Dhikr is the remembrance of God and is equivalent to chanting of mantras in other religions. Dhikr includes praises of God, recitations of his names, certain surahs of the Quran and remembrance of the Prophet. Dhikr can be performed either quietly in a meditation style manner or loudly in a group with a dervish whirling in the middle or with Haḍra. The Sheikh or an authorized student is leader of the dhikr. He determines the contents and the intensity of the chanting and the dancing.
Current developments
In 2006 students of Efendi received the authorization to guide the local communities of Eigeltingen/Reute near Lake Constance, Cologne and Ludwigshafen in the Naqshibandi tradition. They were authorized by Efendi to perform and lead dhikrs.
In 2009 Efendi was given a new task by grandsheikh Nazim and the Sufi Centre became the "Europaeische Mitte fuer interspirituelle Begenungen" (the Centre for Inter-spiritual Encounters).
Since then the interspiritual and interfaith dialogue has been promoted even more. On many occasions representatives of other religions and traditions have been invited to facilitate talks about their own paths and visit with their students.
Many German members of the community go on spiritual trips and pilgrimages to Islamic spiritual centres with Efendi and his longstanding students. For example, big groups have travelled to visit grandsheikh Nazim al Rabbani in Cyprus. There have also been trips to the holy places of Damascus, Bosnia and umrah and hajj pilgrimages to Mecca and Medina.
Organisation
In 2004 about 25 members of the Sufi community founded the non-profit organization "Der wahre Mensch e.V." In 2007 the organization received approval of the status of a charitable foundation.
Guiding principles
A "true human" is enabled to balance the spiritual and worldly aspects of himself and thus keep a harmonious equilibrium. According to the understanding of the Sufis this ability can be seen in how people control their lives within any given social structures on one hand and in inner peace and orientation towards universal truths on the other hand.
Accordingly, they are working towards mutual tolerance and respect in society, they promote the idea of different cultures living together peacefully and in a considerate manner. Above all, they encourage respect for the laws of life regardless of faith or culture.
They regard their mission as giving hope to people who feel hopeless and in supporting people who are in need of help. They want to help those who have lost their way in finding orientation through lasting and sustainable values and they would like to give those who feel stable within their lives the opportunity to work on balancing and harmonizing society.
The purpose of the work
The members of the foundation have set following aims to their work:
Alleviation of social hardship, integration work for different districts of town, improvement of the understanding of diverse cultures and ethnic groups amongst each other, encourage cultural exchange of different ethnic groups in society, conveyance of general values that reach beyond culture and religion, prevention of discrimination and facilitation of education through group activities.
Hierarchy
Directorship and the highest level of decision making power in regards to all matters relating to the Sufi Centre are held by Efendi. His students and several other members of the foundation take care of other areas such as being of assistance to the members of community, taking care of the youth, planning programmes, overseeing domestic matters such as the kitchen and catering, administration, support and advice, co-ordination and organization of general community matters and group trips.
Finance
All activities of the charitable foundation and the upkeep of the centre are financed by donations of members and guests. Travel and accommodation expenses are paid by each member themselves if they take part in a group excursion or trip. The organizers always attempt to keep the costs of such trips as low as possible as to make it more affordable for families, the elderly and the unemployed.
Publishing
The company New Ottomans Verlag (New Ottomans Publishing) was founded in 2004 and collaborates with Spohr Verlag. They publish literature on Sufism and Islam as well as all works of Efendi (see literature). Various periodicals published articles about the spiritual path and the teachings of Efendi.
Youth work
The foundation places special emphasis on offering meaningful spare time activities. A weekly address or speech is on offer for the youth. Young people are often given tasks to support the community, e.g., helping with house moves and other supporting activities.
One major aim is the prevention of violence and drug abuse as well as the integration of young people with ethnic minority background.
Charitable activities
The Sufi Centre offers many services for free such as: spiritual counselling, individual meetings with authorized members, social support (e.g., ALG II, crisis support, mediation, psychological counselling (couple and family supervision and conflict solving), Sufi healing methods (e.g., natural health modalities, yoga, meditation, Sufi whirling), mutual support for renovations, house moves and family problems.
Interfaith dialogue
In 2009 Sheikh Eşref Efendi was given a new task by Grandsheikh Nazim and the Sufi Centre became the Europäische Mitte fuer interspirituelle Begenungen (the European Center for Interspiritual Encounters). Since then the interspiritual and interfaith dialogue has been promoted even more.
On many occasions representatives of other religions and traditions have been invited to facilitate talks about their own paths to God and their own methods. The various Sufi centers have hosted other spiritual/religious teachers and their students numerous times.
Increasingly more and more institutions refer to the Sufi Centre Berlin as an authority regarding questions on Islam and Sufism. Radio stations and TV channels as well as various university students of subjects such as anthropology, communication studies, cultural science, theology, Islamic studies, etc. contact the centre for information or interviews. Even school pupils visit the centre or invite representatives of the centre to their school in order to teach pupils about Islam and Sufism.
The Sufi Centre Berlin is registered with the district council as a religious association in Berlin Neukölln. Representatives of the centre are frequently invited to cross-cultural and interfaith events organised by the senate.
Critics of the Sufi path
Orthodox scholars hold differing opinions regarding music and dance, especially a dance type dhikr, which some hold to be of gentile origin and hence are unislamic. However, many scholars and Sufis hold a differing perspective, arguing that the Prophet Mohammed was welcomed with music by the people of Medina as he entered the town. When the question arose if the music shall stop, the Prophet answered that the people should celebrate happy times with music. These Sufis regard music as an expression of bliss in the divine presence. Also, some Muslims, especially those of the Najdi school, regard the following of a master/sheikh and the adoration of saints as shirk and therefore as a great sin; however this is a minority position that most orthodox scholars disagree with.
Publications by Sheikh Eşref Efendi
Sheikh Eşref Efendi: Trinke aus der Quelle der Weisheit New Ottomans Verlag, Berlin, Juli 2004,
Sheikh Eşref Efendi: Schlüssel zur Pforte der Schöpfung Pro Business Verlag, Berlin, Juni 2006,
External links
http://www.sufiland.de
http://www.sufi-braunschweig.de
References
Sufi organizations
Sufism in Europe
Islamic organisations based in Germany
Religion in Berlin |
Giuseppe Casarrubea (4 March 1946 – 7 June 2015) was an Italian historian and author.
Life and career
Born in Partinico, Casarrubea was headmaster of the high school GB Grassi Privitera in his hometown. The son of one of the victims of Salvatore Giuliano, from the late 1970s he devoted himself to historical research on Giuliano and on the links between Sicilian banditry and politics, publishing several books about the issue. His book Portella della Ginestra. Microstoria di una strage di Stato (translated: "Portella della Ginestra. Micro-history of a massacre by the State") caused quite a stir resulting in legal proceedings, at the end of which he was eventually acquitted of all charges. His works also include essays of educational sociology and historical works mainly focusing on Sicily.
Selected works
Una alternativa culturale dalla Sicilia occidentale, Trapani, Celebes, 1974.
I fasci contadini e le origini delle sezioni socialiste della provincia di Palermo, 2 volumes, Palermo, Flaccovio, 1978.
Uomini e terra a Partinico, Palermo, Vittorietti, 1981.
Intellettuali e potere in Sicilia. Eretici, riformisti e giacobini nel secolo dei lumi, Palermo, Sellerio, 1983.
Società e follia in Sicilia. La transizione 1824-1875, Partinico, Cooperativa socio-sanitaria Spazio-salute, 1984.
I parrocchiani di Partinico e Montelepre. Crisi demografiche e nuclei familiari. Secoli XVII-XIX, Partinico, Centro Jatino di studi e promozione sociale Nicolo Barbato, 1988.
Il mondo contadino di Salvatore Salomone Marino, tra scienza e mito, Borgetto, 1988.
L'educazione mafiosa. Strutture sociali e processi di identità, with Pia Blandano, Palermo, Sellerio, 1991.
Socialisti a Partinico. Le origini: 1893, Partinico, Partito Socialista Italiano-Sezione di Partinico, 1992.
Nella testa del serpente. Insegnanti e mafia, with Pia Blandano, Molfetta, La Meridiana, 1993. .
Gabbie strette. L'educazione in terre di mafia: identità nascoste e progettualità del cambiamento, Palermo, Sellerio, 1996. .
Portella della Ginestra. Microstoria di una strage di Stato, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 1997. .
Fra' Diavolo e il governo nero. «Doppio Stato» e stragi nella Sicilia del dopoguerra, Milan, FrancoAngeli, 1998. .
Portella della Ginestra 50 anni dopo (1947-1997), 3 volumes, Caltanissetta, Sciascia, 1999–2001.
Salvatore Giuliano. Morte di un capobanda e dei suoi luogotenenti, Milano, FrancoAngeli, 2001. .
Storia segreta della Sicilia. Dallo sbarco alleato a Portella della Ginestra, Milan, Bompiani, 2005. .
Morte di un agente segreto. Fra Diavolo, la banda Giuliano e il neofascismo in Sicilia (1943-'47), Rome, L'Unità, 2006.
Stati Uniti, eversione nera e guerra al comunismo in Italia 1943-1947, with Mario José Cereghino, Palermo, Biblioteca comunale di Piana degli Albanesi, 2007.
Tango Connection. L'oro nazifascista, l'America Latina e la guerra al comunismo in Italia. 1943-1947, Milan, Bompiani, 2007. .
Lupara nera. La guerra segreta alla democrazia in Italia (1943-1947), with Mario José Cereghino, Milan, Bompiani, 2009. .
La scomparsa di Salvatore Giuliano. Indagine su un fantasma eccellente, with Mario José Cereghino, Milan, Bompiani, 2011. .
Piantare uomini. Danilo Dolci sul filo della memoria, Rome, Castelvecchi, 2014. .
References
External links
1946 births
2015 deaths
People from Partinico
20th-century Italian historians
20th-century Italian male writers
Italian educational theorists
21st-century Italian historians
Historians of Sicily
Italian male non-fiction writers |
The National Development Party (NDP) was a political party in Kenya which was of national importance between 1994 and 2001. It was founded by Stephen Wilfred Omondi Oludhe.
Becoming Odinga's party
Being a minor political party, until 1994, NDP gained national prominence when Raila Odinga joined it after he left Ford-Kenya following his loss in the battle for leadership of that party to Michael Wamalwa. Odinga pulled Ford members of parliament from Nyanza Province with him. This spike in membership, which included Ford-K's Nyanza MPs, put NDP in the position of a major opposition party in the Kenyan parliament.
The party managed to retain its strong position in Nyanza region mainly among the Luo population during the 1997 elections when it returned 21 members to parliament.
Co-operation and coalition with KANU
In 2000 NDP started to cooperate with the KANU-government of president Daniel arap Moi. From June 2001 three MPs of NDP joined the cabinet, thus inaugurating the first coalition cabinet in Kenya's history.
2002 merger and split
In spring 2002 NDP merged with KANU. NDP leader Odinga became the Secretary-General of the united Party. This union was to be short-lived, as from summer 2002 it became obvious that arap Moi was determined to have Uhuru Kenyatta as his successor, which was confirmed by a KANU congress in October 2002. Odinga, who had been aware of manipulated lists of delegates, pulled out from the congress together with his followers from the former NDP and was joined by a number of KANU politicians who protested against Moi's manipulation of the party meeting in favour of his chosen candidate. Together, the group, which called itself the Rainbow Coalition, quit the ruling party and then joined the then-minor Liberal Democratic Party, which was to be one of the founding members of the National Rainbow Coalition which went on to win the 2002 presidential and parliamentary elections.
References
Defunct political parties in Kenya
Political parties established in 1991
1991 establishments in Kenya |
Promode Mankin Sangma (18 July 1939 – 11 May 2016) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and State Minister of Social Welfare Affairs. He was the first Catholic and first member of the country's Christian community to become a government minister in Bangladesh. Later, his son, Jewel Areng, was elected MP after his father's death in his constituency.
Early life and career
Mankin was born on 18 July 1939 at Ramnagar village in Bakalijora Union, Durgapur Upazila, Netrokona to Megha Tozu and Hridoy Cecelia Mankin. He joined Awami League in 1991. He was the President of Bangladesh Christian Association. He was elected Member of Parliament from Mymensingh-1 four times. He was a member of the Garo community. He fought in the Bangladesh liberation war.
Personal life and death
On 29 January 1964, Mankin married Momota Arengh. They had five daughters and one son. He died on 11 May 2016 at Holy Family Hospital in Mumbai, India.
References
1939 births
2016 deaths
Bangladeshi Christians
People from Netrokona District
Politicians from Mymensingh Division
Awami League politicians
State Ministers of Social Welfare
8th Jatiya Sangsad members
Notre Dame College, Dhaka alumni
9th Jatiya Sangsad members
10th Jatiya Sangsad members
State Ministers of Cultural Affairs (Bangladesh)
Garo people |
Franklin Marquieth Robinson (born June 1, 1984) is an American professional basketball retired player. He played college basketball for the East Carolina University and the California State University, Fullerton.
Professional career
Robinson started his professional career in 2008 with Union Olimpija of Slovenia. On February 27, 2009, he parted ways with Olimpija. In March 2009, he signed with Ludwigsburg for the rest of the season.
On December 23, 2009, Robinson was acquired by the Los Angeles D-Fenders of the NBA D-League.
On July 24, 2010, Robinson signed with Maccabi Haifa of Israel for the 2010–11 season.
The 2011–12 season Robinson started with Sukhumi, but left the team after few weeks due to the financial problems the club was facing. He then signed with Artland Dragons but left the team before appearing in a game for them. In December 2011, he moved to Israel and signed with Habik'a for the rest of the 2011–12 season.
On September 7, 2012, Robinson signed with Asseco Prokom Gdynia of Poland. On November 28, 2012, he parted ways with Prokom. On December 5, 2012, he signed with Budivelnyk of Ukraine. On January 30, 2013, he was waived by Budivelnyk. On February 23, 2013, he signed with S.Oliver Baskets of Germany for the rest of the season.
On October 3, 2013, Robinson signed with Bisons Loimaa of Finland for the 2013–14 season.
On September 17, 2014, Robinson signed with Panelefsiniakos of Greece. On December 31, 2014, he left Panelefsiniakos and signed with Israeli club Ironi Nahariya for the rest of the season.
On February 12, 2016, Robinson signed with İstanbul DSİ of the Turkish Basketball First League. In six games, he averaged 15.7 points, 4.5 rebounds and 3.2 assists per game.
On July 29, 2016, Robinson signed with Serbian club Partizan for the 2016–17 season. On May 7, 2017, he parted ways with Partizan.
On September 8, 2017, Robinson signed with Club Malvín for the 2017–18 season. He left Malvin after appearing in 17 games. On January 30, 2018, he signed with Changwon LG Sakers of South Korea for the rest of the season.
Robinson announced the end of his career in October 2018.
The Basketball Tournament
Frank Robinson played for Team CitiTeam Blazers in the 2018 edition of The Basketball Tournament. In two games, he averaged 5.5 points per game and 4.0 rebounds per game. CitiTeam Blazers made it to the Second Round before falling to Team Challenge ALS.
Career statistics
Euroleague
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2008–09
| style="text-align:left;"| Union Olimpija
| 8 || 5 || 20.2 || .588 || .143 || .579 || 3.3 || .6 || .5 || .0 || 6.8 || 4.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2012–13
| style="text-align:left;"| Asseco Prokom Gdynia
| 7 || 4 || 20.2 || .407 || .269 || .50 || 3.7 || .6 || .6 || .0 || 7.4 || 5.9
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 15 || 9 || 20.2 || .382 || .242 || .541 || 3.5 || .6 || .5 || .0 || 7.1 || 5.1
References
External links
EuroLeague profile
RealGM profile
Cal State Fullerton Titans bio
1984 births
Living people
ABA League players
African-American basketball players
American expatriate basketball people in Finland
American expatriate basketball people in Georgia (country)
American expatriate basketball people in Germany
American expatriate basketball people in Greece
American expatriate basketball people in Israel
American expatriate basketball people in Poland
American expatriate basketball people in Serbia
American expatriate basketball people in Slovenia
American expatriate basketball people in South Korea
American expatriate basketball people in Turkey
American expatriate basketball people in Ukraine
American expatriate basketball people in Uruguay
American men's basketball players
Asseco Gdynia players
Basketball players from Compton, California
BC Budivelnyk players
Big3 players
Bisons Loimaa players
Cal State Fullerton Titans men's basketball players
Changwon LG Sakers players
Club Malvín basketball players
East Carolina Pirates men's basketball players
Ironi Nahariya players
KK Partizan players
KK Olimpija players
Los Angeles D-Fenders players
Maccabi Haifa B.C. players
Riesen Ludwigsburg players
Panelefsiniakos B.C. players
Würzburg Baskets players
Shooting guards
Small forwards
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people
American men's 3x3 basketball players |
A clock face is the part of an analog clock (or watch) that displays time through the use of a flat dial with reference marks, and revolving pointers turning on concentric shafts at the center, called hands. In its most basic, globally recognized form, the periphery of the dial is numbered 1 through 12 indicating the hours in a 12-hour cycle, and a short hour hand makes two revolutions in a day. A long minute hand makes one revolution every hour. The face may also include a second hand, which makes one revolution per minute. The term is less commonly used for the time display on digital clocks and watches.
A second type of clock face is the 24-hour analog dial, widely used in military and other organizations that use 24-hour time. This is similar to the 12-hour dial above, except it has hours numbered 1–24 around the outside, and the hour hand makes only one revolution per day. Some special-purpose clocks, such as timers and sporting event clocks, are designed for measuring periods less than one hour. Clocks can indicate the hour with Roman numerals or Hindu–Arabic numerals, or with non-numeric indicator marks. The two numbering systems have also been used in combination, with the prior indicating the hour and the latter the minute. Longcase clocks (grandfather clocks) typically use Roman numerals for the hours. Clocks using only Arabic numerals first began to appear in the mid-18th century.
The clock face is so familiar that the numbers are often omitted and replaced with unlabeled graduations (marks), particularly in the case of watches. Occasionally, markings of any sort are dispensed with, and the time is read by the angles of the hands.
Reading a modern clock face
Most modern clocks have the numbers 1 through 12 printed at equally spaced intervals around the periphery of the face with the 12 at the top, indicating the hour, and on many models, sixty dots or lines evenly spaced in a ring around the outside of the dial, indicating minutes and seconds. The time is read by observing the placement of several "hands", which emanate from the centre of the dial:
A short, thick "hour" hand;
A long, thinner "minute" hand;
On some models, a very thin "second" or "sweep" hand
All three hands continuously rotate around the dial in a clockwise direction – in the direction of increasing numbers.
The second, or sweep, hand moves relatively quickly, taking a full minute (sixty seconds) to make a complete rotation from 12 to 12. For every rotation of the second hand, the minute hand will move from one minute mark to the next.
The minute hand rotates more slowly around the dial. It takes one hour (sixty minutes) to make a complete rotation from 12 to 12. For every rotation of the minute hand, the hour hand will move from one hour mark to the next.
The hour hand moves slowest of all, taking twelve hours (half a day) to make a complete rotation. It starts from "12" at midnight, makes one rotation until it is pointing at "12" again at noon, and then makes another rotation until it is pointing at "12" again at midnight of the next morning.
Historical development
The word clock derives from the medieval Latin word for "bell"; , and has cognates in many European languages. Clocks spread to England from the Low Countries, so the English word came from the Middle Low German and Middle Dutch Klocke. The first mechanical clocks, built in 13th-century Europe, were striking clocks: their purpose was to ring bells upon the canonical hours, to call the local community to prayer. These were tower clocks installed in bell towers in public places, to ensure that the bells were audible over a wide area. Soon after these first mechanical clocks were in place clockmakers realized that their wheels could be used to drive an indicator on a dial on the outside of the tower, where it could be widely seen, so the local population could tell the time between the hourly strikes.
Before the late 14th century, a fixed hand (often a carving literally shaped like a hand) indicated the hour by pointing to numbers on a rotating dial; after this time, the current convention of a rotating hand on a fixed dial was adopted. Minute hands (so named because they indicated the small, or minute, divisions of the hour) only came into regular use around 1690, after the invention of the pendulum and anchor escapement increased the precision of time-telling enough to justify it. In some precision clocks, a third hand, which rotated once a minute, was added in a separate subdial. This was called the "second-minute" hand (because it measured the secondary minute divisions of the hour), which was shortened to "second" hand. The convention of the hands moving clockwise evolved in imitation of the sundial. In the Northern hemisphere, where the clock face originated, the shadow of the gnomon on a horizontal sundial moves clockwise during the day.
French decimal time
During the French Revolution in 1793, in connection with its Republican calendar, France attempted to introduce a decimal time system. This had 10 decimal hours in the day, 100 decimal minutes per hour, and 100 decimal seconds per minute. Therefore, the decimal hour was more than twice as long (144 min) as the present hour, the decimal minute was slightly longer than the present minute (86 seconds) and the decimal second was slightly shorter (0.86 sec) than the present second. Clocks were manufactured with this alternate face, usually combined with traditional hour markings. However, it did not catch on, and France discontinued the mandatory use of decimal time on 7 April 1795, although some French cities used decimal time until 1801.
Stylistic development
Until the last quarter of the 17th century, hour markings were etched into metal faces and the recesses filled with black wax. Subsequently, higher contrast and improved readability was achieved with white enamel plaques painted with black numbers. Initially, the numbers were printed on small, individual plaques mounted on a brass substructure. This was not a stylistic decision, rather enamel production technology had not yet achieved the ability to create large pieces of enamel. The "13-piece face" was an early attempt to create an entirely white enamel face. As the name suggests, it was composed of 13 enamel plaques: 12 numbered wedges fitted around a circle. The first single-piece enamel faces, not unlike those in production today, began to appear .
It is customary for modern advertisements to display clocks and watches set to approximately 10:10 or 1:50,
as this V-shaped arrangement roughly makes a smile, imitates a human figure with raised arms, and leaves the watch company's logo unobscured by the hands.
In the 1970s, German designer Tian Harlan invented the Chromachron, a wristwatch with a clock face that has no dials but a disc with pie-shaped pattern rotating by the minute over color patterns representing both hours and minutes.
Technological obsolescence
In the 2010s, some United Kingdom schools started replacing analogue clocks in examination halls with digital clocks because an increasing number of pupils were unable to read analogue clocks. Smartphone and computer clocks are often digital rather than analogue, and proponents of replacing analogue clock faces argue that they have become technologically obsolete. However, reading analogue clocks is still part of American elementary school curricula; proponents of analogue clocks argue that their inclusion in the curriculum reinforces basic mathematical concepts that are taught in elementary school.
See also
List of largest clock faces
Clock position
Roman numerals
Footnotes
Timekeeping components |
Anne-Marie Cécile J. Neyts-Uyttebroeck (; born 17 June 1944) is a Belgian politician and was a Member of the European Parliament for Flanders with the Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats, member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe, where she sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs.
She was a third time member of the European Parliament (since June 2004), and former president of the Liberal International, from September 1999 to 2005. She was elected president of the European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party in September 2005, during a party congress in Bratislava, Slovakia.
She was a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and substitute for the Subcommittee on Security and Defense and a member of the Delegation for relations with NATO. She was the liberal spokesperson in the European Parliament on Foreign Affairs. She left the European Parliament on 1 January 2015.
Education
1967: Degree in Romance philology from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel
1970: degree in press and communication sciences (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)
graduate teaching qualification for secondary education (1967), (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)
Career
1966–1973: French teacher
1993–1997: Held various offices, first in the PVV and then in the VLD, including PVV National Chairwoman (1985–1989) and VLD National Vice-chairwoman
Has held various offices in Liberal International
1999: Chairwoman since September
1982–1989: Member of the Brussels City Council
1981–2004: Elected at various times to the national and regional parliaments (Brussels Council, the Flemish Council and the House of Representatives)
2001–2003: Held various government offices in the regional and national governments during that period, including Brussels Minister for Finance, the Budget, Public Office and External Relations (1999–2000) and Federal Minister attached to the Foreign Ministry, with responsibility for agriculture
1994–1999: Member of the European Parliament
1998–1999: First Vice-chairwoman of the ELDR Group
Chairwoman of the Beursschouwburg (Théâtre de la Bourse)
Chairwoman of the Vlaams-Nederlands Huis (Flemish-Dutch House)
Chairwoman of the management council of the Foreign Trade Agency
Co-chairwoman of the Committee on Intercultural Dialogue
Decorations
Officer and Commander of the Order of Leopold (Belgium)
Knight of the Legion of Honour
References
External links
1944 births
Living people
Belgian Ministers of State
Ministers of Agriculture of Belgium
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
Vrije Universiteit Brussel alumni
Presidents of the Liberal International
Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats MEPs
MEPs for Belgium 1994–1999
MEPs for Belgium 2004–2009
MEPs for Belgium 2009–2014
MEPs for Belgium 2014–2019
20th-century women MEPs for Belgium
21st-century women MEPs for Belgium
Women government ministers of Belgium
Belgian schoolteachers |
The white-throated greenbul (Phyllastrephus albigularis), or white-throated bulbul, is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
It is found in many parts of central and western Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
Taxonomy and systematics
The white-throated greenbul was originally described in the genus Xenocichla (a synonym for Bleda). The alternate name, 'white-throated bulbul', should not be confused with the species of the same name, Alophoixus flaveolus.
Subspecies
Two subspecies are recognized:
Bamenda white-throated greenbul (P. a. albigularis) - (Sharpe, 1881): Found from Senegal and Gambia to southern Sudan, western Uganda and eastern Democratic Republic of Congo
Angola greenbul (P. a. viridiceps) - Rand, 1955: Formerly considered as a separate species. Found in north-western Angola
References
white-throated greenbul
Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa
white-throated greenbul
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Phillip Mackenzie is a British musician and a graduate of Oxford University. He is the founder of the Amadeus Orchestra, a British orchestra dedicated to young musicians, and is the musical director of the London Mozart Symphony Orchestra.
References
External links
London Mozart Symphony Orchestra website
Amadeus Orchestra website
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
British male conductors (music)
Music directors
21st-century British conductors (music)
21st-century British male musicians |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var resolve = require( 'path' ).resolve;
var tape = require( 'tape' );
var PINF = require( '@stdlib/constants/float64/pinf' );
var NINF = require( '@stdlib/constants/float64/ninf' );
var isnan = require( '@stdlib/math/base/assert/is-nan' );
var tryRequire = require( '@stdlib/utils/try-require' );
// VARIABLES //
var deg2rad = tryRequire( resolve( __dirname, './../lib/native.js' ) );
var opts = {
'skip': ( deg2rad instanceof Error )
};
// FIXTURES //
var data = require( './fixtures/julia/data.json' );
// TESTS //
tape( 'main export is a function', opts, function test( t ) {
t.ok( true, __filename );
t.strictEqual( typeof deg2rad, 'function', 'main export is a function' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided `+infinity`, the function returns `+infinity`', opts, function test( t ) {
var r = deg2rad( PINF );
t.equal( r, PINF, 'returns +infinity' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided `-infinity`, the function returns `-infinity`', opts, function test( t ) {
var r = deg2rad( NINF );
t.equal( r, NINF, 'returns -infinity' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided `NaN`, the function returns `NaN`', opts, function test( t ) {
var r = deg2rad( NaN );
t.equal( isnan( r ), true, 'returns NaN' );
t.end();
});
tape( 'the function converts an angle from degrees to radians', opts, function test( t ) {
var expected;
var x;
var r;
var i;
x = data.x;
expected = data.expected;
for ( i = 0; i < x.length; i++ ) {
r = deg2rad( x[i] );
t.equal( r, expected[i], 'returns '+expected[i]+' when provided '+x[i] );
}
t.end();
});
tape( 'if provided a value less than `~5e-324*180/pi`, the function will underflow', opts, function test( t ) {
var r = deg2rad( 1.0e-322 );
t.equal( r, 0.0, 'returns 0' );
t.end();
});
``` |
This article surveys the postage stamps and postal history of the Republic of South Moluccas. Historical or political incidents can be found in the main article.
Stamp issues
Although the Republic of South Moluccas did not issue its own postage stamps, several stamps bearing the country's name can be found. They are so-called bogus stamps, which are private stamp issues and were not issued by any postal administration of the South Moluccas.
There are three distinct bogus stamp issues of the Republic of South Moluccas:
Overprints
Stamp issues of the exile government in the Netherlands
Stamps from the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei (Austrian National Print Office), which were ordered and sold by New York stamp dealer Henry Stolow.
Overprints
In 1950, 17 stamps of the Dutch East Indies and Indonesia were overprinted with "Republik Maluku Selatan". Many philatelists believe that the stamps could have been used locally. However, the majority assumes that they are stamp forgeries.
Stamp issues of the exile government in the Netherlands
Several one- and three-coloured stamp issues of South Moluccas lacking the date of issue are known. They were possibly sold by the exiled government in the Netherlands. These issues were supposed to announce the archipelago and flag of the Republic of South Moluccas, point out the concern of this exile government, and win target audiences, such as the Universal Postal Union (UPU), the United Nations (UN), and General Douglas MacArthur for their goals. But there are also stamps where no unambiguous reason can be given for their issuance.
Stamps ordered and sold by Henry Stolow
In 1955, approximately 150 coloured triangular or rectangular stamp forgeries by New York and Munich stamp dealer Henry Stolow (1901–1971) appeared on the market without a date of issue. These stamp issues were printed in the Österreichische Staatsdruckerei without verification of their legality. These issues do not bear any hint of their date of issue, as German stamps do, for example. Therefore, it is completely futile to assign them to specific years of issue, as is sometimes done. They were never used for postage, so there are only mint copies.
In 1991, Peter Doerling wrote:
Valuation of these stamp issues
Respected stamp catalogs and stamp dealers do not sell stamps from the Republic Maluku Selatan. No valid stamps from that region are known to the Michel editorial department.
Regarding the coloured stamp issues sold since 1955, the Michel editorial department stated:
Ulrich Häger wrote in the "Großes Lexikon der Philatelie" (Great Encyclopaedia of Philately) under the keyword Maluku Selatan:
The Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue wrote under the keyword South Moluccas:
References
Literature
in German
Ulrich Häger: Großes Lexikon der Philatelie, Bertelsmann Lexikon-Verlag, Gütersloh-Berlin-Munich-Vienna 1973 (p. 275 Maluku Selatan, p. 449 Henry Stolow).
Michel Rundschau 5/1988 (p. 362 Maluku Selatan), 7/1988 (p. 534–536 Maluku Selatan).
External links
English articles about the overprints, which assume local use of the stamps:
Article South Moluccas (1950) at linns.com
Article South Moluccas (Republik Maluku Selatan) at Sandafayre Online
English articles about the stamp issues of the exile government in the Netherlands:
World History at KMLA
Overview of the stamp issues of the exile government
Images:
Examples of the stamp issues of the exile government in the Netherlands:
Archipelago and flag, UPU, United Nations, General Douglas MacArthur
Examples of the stamps ordered and sold by Henry Stolow:
fruit bats, kingfisher, Belamcanda chinensis, Rhoeo discolor
Former governments in exile
Cinderella stamps
Philately of Indonesia |
Lambert Verdonk (born September 20, 1944) is a Dutch former international football striker.
Honours
Marseille
Division 1: 1971–72
Coupe de France: 1971–72
References
External links
International stats
Profile
1944 births
Living people
Dutch men's footballers
Netherlands men's international footballers
Men's association football forwards
PSV Eindhoven players
Sparta Rotterdam players
NEC Nijmegen players
Go Ahead Eagles players
Olympique de Marseille players
AC Ajaccio players
Ligue 1 players
Angoulême Charente FC players
Dutch expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in France
Sportspeople from Heerlen
Footballers from Limburg (Netherlands)
Dutch expatriate sportspeople in France |
Strathbungo Parish Church was a 19th-century Church of Scotland building located in the Strathbungo area of Glasgow. The church body was demolished and converted into flats in 2006, but retained the original facade and bell tower of the former church.
Original Church
Strathbungo, like most of the south and west side of Glasgow was part of Govan Parish. In 1833, it was decided that a new mission be established in Strathbungo. Consequently, plans were made for a church to be built, which was eventually built between 1839 and 1840 on designs by Charles Wilson, with a total cost of £1300. The Reverend Alexander Sutherland became the first minister of the church in 1848.
Second Church
Strathbungo became an independent parish from the Govan Parish on 13 January 1879. Consequently, a new church was planned by 1883. Designs by J Ritchie were favoured and won the competition, but the designs by John McKissack of McKissack & Rowan were accepted and used instead. The foundation stone for the new church, built on the site of the old church, was laid in October 1887 Sir John Neil Cuthbertson. Most of the stone of the old church were reused in the new building, which opened on 7 October 1888. It was built in a Romanesque and Scots Gothic style, with a Crown steeple.
A WWI memorial was installed in the church remembering the parishioners who died during the war, and which today is located in Queen's Park Govanhill Parish Church.
Closure
By the 1970s, the congregation had dwindled and it was decided to close Strathbungo Parish Church and unite the congregation with Queen's Park West. The church closed in May 1979 and was eventually sold. However, it became derelict by time, at the point of destruction. The body of the church building, including the church halls, were demolished. In 2005 Southside Housing Association, who had purchased the site, built a number of residential flats in its stead, while retaining the church facade and steeple. the building was completed by May 2006.
References
Churches completed in 1888
Former churches in Scotland
Listed churches in Glasgow
Category B listed buildings in Glasgow
1838 establishments in Scotland
19th-century Church of Scotland church buildings
Romanesque Revival architecture in the United Kingdom
Govanhill and Crosshill |
Clarence Reuben Autery (1933–2010) was a major general in the United States Air Force. In 1979, he appeared in the docudrama First Strike, scenes of which were later edited into the television film The Day After. In both films, Autery is portrayed as a SAC commander who is airborne on a command plane during a nuclear attack by the Soviet Union. He was also interviewed about his role at SAC in Part One of the 1981 CBS News documentary series "The Defense Of The United States," which also used some of the "First Strike" footage.
Biography
Autery was born in Corrigan, Texas, in 1933. He would go on to graduate from Baylor University. Autery died on February 23, 2010.
Career
Autery completed his training in 1959. He was then assigned to Seymour Johnson Air Force Base as a Boeing B-52 Stratofortress pilot. In 1961, he was stationed at Toul-Rosières Air Base, where he flew the Douglas B-66 Destroyer.
In 1965, Autery was deployed to serve in the Vietnam War. He was first stationed at Takhli Royal Thai Air Force Base. Later, he was assigned to the 11th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron at Udorn Royal Thai Air Force Base, where he flew the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II.
After serving for a time at the headquarters of the Air Force, Autery assumed command of the 17th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron at Zweibrücken Air Base, again flying the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II. He then served as chief of maintenance of the 26th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing before transferring to the United States Air Forces in Europe in 1973, serving as the executive officer to the commander in chief.
After graduating from the United States Army War College in 1975, Autery was stationed at Beale Air Force Base. While there, he eventually served as vice commander of the 100th Air Refueling Wing. He joined the 28th Bombardment Wing at Ellsworth Air Force Base in 1977, serving in the same position until assuming command the following year.
Later, Autery joined Strategic Air Command. He would become assistant deputy chief of staff for operations before assuming command of the 3rd Air Division at Andersen Air Force Base in 1982. In 1984, he was named vice commander of the Eighth Air Force at Barksdale Air Force Base. Autery later became director of programs and evaluation in the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Programs and Resources of the Air Force before retiring in 1988.
Awards he received during his career include the Legion of Merit, the Distinguished Flying Cross with two oak leaf clusters, the Meritorious Service Medal, the Air Medal with seven oak leaf clusters and the Air Force Commendation Medal.
Family
Autery's grandson is basketball player Daniel Alexander.
References
1933 births
2010 deaths
People from Polk County, Texas
United States Air Force generals
United States Air Force personnel of the Vietnam War
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Air Medal
Baylor University alumni
United States Army War College alumni
Military personnel from Texas |
St. George is a 6th-century Armenian church located at the outskirts of Sverdlov village, Armenia.
The church has underrun reconstruction in 19th century and by 2010. The recent reconsecration took place on 19 June 2010 under leadership of Bishop Sebouh Chouldjian, primate of the Diocese of Gougark.
Gallery
References
Google Translation
Armenian Apostolic churches in Armenia
Buildings and structures in Lori Province
6th-century churches |
A divided drive locomotive is a steam locomotive that divides the driving force on its wheels by using different cylinders to power different pairs of driving wheels in order to give better weight distribution and reduce "hammer blow" which can be damaging to the track, or else to enable the wider spacing of the driving wheels to accommodate a larger firebox.
Origins
Anatole Mallet
The system of dividing drive was originally developed by Anatole Mallet in the 1870s on a number of rigid-wheelbase compound locomotives, and then during the 1880s, on Mallet articulated locomotives.
Francis Webb
Mallet's ideas inspired Francis Webb in Britain who introduced 2-(2-2)-0, 2-(2-2)-2, 2-2-2-2T, 2-2-(4-0)T divided drive locomotives between 1882 and 1903.
Alfred de Glehn
Alfred de Glehn introduced a successful divided drive 2-(2-2)-0 compound based on Webb's ideas,.
Use in the United Kingdom
Dugald Drummond of the London and South Western Railway used divided drive (not very successfully) in his simple expansion T7 and E10 Classes of 4-2-2-0. In the latter two instances the divided drive was adopted to allow the driving wheels to be spaced more widely than normal without the need for long coupling rods. This enabled an extra-long firebox.
Divided drive could also be used on simple expansion locomotives with coupled driving wheels.
The NER Class X (LNER Class T1) 4-8-0T shunting engines designed by Wilson Worsdell for the North Eastern Railway had three cylinders with divided drive. Similarly Richard Maunsell of the Southern Railway (Great Britain) designed the SR Lord Nelson class with divided drive between the front coupled axle for the inside cylinders and the middle coupled axle for the outside cylinders 'to give better weight distribution and reduced hammer blow'.
Sir Nigel Gresley of the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) used divided drive on his B17 class 4-6-0 for hauling passenger services on the severely weight restricted Great Eastern Main Line. Gresley's successors Edward Thompson and Arthur Peppercorn both adopted divided drive on their larger designs as a consequence of their wish to overcome the maintenance problems associated with the Gresley conjugated valve gear.
Use in the United States
The concept was further developed in the early 1930s in the United States by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, with their duplex locomotives, which divided the drive between two sets of outside cylinders.
References
Sources
Steam locomotive technologies |
Antiphon is the fourth studio album by American folk rock band Midlake, released on November 5, 2013, on Bella Union Records, in Europe, and ATO Records in North America. Recorded following the departure of vocalist, guitarist and primary songwriter Tim Smith, Antiphon is the first album to feature guitarist Eric Pulido on lead vocals, alongside new members Jesse Chandler (keyboards, flute) and Joey McClellan (guitar).
Released to critical acclaim, the album reached number 39 on the UK Albums Chart.
Background and recording
In November 2012, vocalist, guitarist and primary songwriter Tim Smith departed from Midlake, in the midst of recording a fourth studio album. Following his departure, guitarist and backing vocalist Eric Pulido occupied his vacated role, noting, "We understood this band couldn’t offer Tim what he wanted... that he needed to do his own thing." Upon his departure, Smith offered to split the recorded material with both the band and himself, however, Pulido noted, "Of what we’d recorded, Tim had said, 'You can have this,' but what we couldn’t take with us turned out to be seventy-five per cent of the recording."
The remaining members opted to start anew, recording Antiphon in six months. Pulido noted, "There were some growing pains, I won't lie. Obviously, when your singer-songwriter leaves, there's some transition that takes place. But we bonded together in a way that we had never done before." The subsequent writing and recording sessions found the band working in a more democratic and spontaneous method than in the past, with songs stemming from improvised jam sessions.
Writing and composition
Vocalist and guitarist Eric Pulido notes that the album's title refers to Tim Smith's departure: "This album is a response to what’s gone on with Tim. The original Antiphon was an orator in Ancient Greece who was part of an oligarchy that fought democracy. But we didn’t overthrow Tim! He’s not Antiphon." Pulido elaborated, "In a bigger way, it's kind of the plight of man. It's not about what happens to you, it's how you respond to it that you're defined."
Track listing
References
2013 albums
Midlake albums
ATO Records albums
Bella Union albums |
Sai Yai railway station is a railway station located in Tham Yai Subdistrict, Thung Song District, Nakhon Si Thammarat. It is a class 3 railway station located from Thon Buri railway station.
Train services
Local No. 445/446 Chumphon-Hat Yai Junction-Chumphon
Local No. 447/448 Surat Thani-Sungai Kolok-Surat Thani
References
Railway stations in Thailand |
Christian Ritual and the Creation of British Slave Societies, 1650-1780 is a book by Nicholas M. Beasley published in 2009 by University of Georgia Press. This work presents a perspective on Christian institutions and customs in the Caribbean and Southern American colonies of Britain and how they influenced and impacted the institution of slavery between 1650 and 1780. It is part of the Race in the Atlantic World, 1700-1900 series published by University of Georgia Press.
Structure
The work contains normal front material and six content chapters:
Christian Ritual in British Slave Societies
Ritual Time and Space in the British Plantation Colonies
Marriage and Baptism in the British Plantation Colonies
The Meanings of the Eucharist in the Plantation World
Mortuary Ritual in the British Plantation Colonies
Revolution, Evangelicalisms, and the Fragmentation of Anglo-America
It concludes with a bibliography and index.
Academic journal reviews
Publication history
About the author
Nicholas M. Beasley is the rector at the Church of the Resurrection located in Greenwood, South Carolina.
Similar or related works
Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean,the Barbary Coast,and Italy,1500-1800
Popular Politics and British Anti-Slavery: The Mobilisation of Public Opinion against the Slave Trade 1787-1807
That Most Precious Merchandise: The Mediterranean Trade in Black Sea Slaves, 1260-1500
Plantation Enterprise in Colonial South Carolina
See also
History of Christianity
History of Slavery
History of Great Britain
References
Notes
Citations
External links
Christian Ritual and the Creation of British Slave Societies, 1650–1780, University of Georgia Press.
Christian Ritual and the Creation of British Slave Societies, JSTOR.
Christian Ritual and the Creation of British Slave Societies, 1650–1780, ProjectMuse.
2009 non-fiction books
History books about Christianity
Slavery in the British Empire
University of Georgia Press books
History books about the British Empire
Non-fiction books about slavery |
Aldherus was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.
Aldherus was consecrated before 785 and died sometime after 805.
Notes
References
External links
Bishops of Elmham |
Frank Knox Morton Rehn (April 12, 1848 – July 7, 1914) was an American marine painter and president of the Salmagundi Club. Born in Philadelphia, he attended the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, where he studied under Christian Schussele. For several years, he then painted portraits in Philadelphia. Using money earned in Philadelphia, he moved to the coast of New Jersey, where he began doing marine paintings. In 1881, he married Margaret Selby. They moved to the Hotel Chelsea in New York City where, with other artists, he kept a studio on the top floor.
In 1882, he was awarded the first prize for marine painting at the St. Louis Exposition. In 1885, he received the first prize at the water color exhibition of the American Art Association, and in 1886 he won a gold medal at the Prize Fund Exhibition.
Rehn died on July 7, 1914, in Magnolia, Massachusetts, where he had built a summer home in 1896.
Works
"Looking down on the Sea from the Rocks at Magnolia, Mass." (1884–85)
"A Missing Vessel" (Detroit Institute of Arts; 1885)
"Close of a Summer Day" (Buffalo Fine Arts Academy; 1887)
"Evening, Gloucester Harbor" (1887)
"In the Glittering Moonlight" (Corcoran Gallery)
References
External links
Exhibition of Landscapes, an exhibition catalog available from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries.
1848 births
1914 deaths
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts alumni
19th-century American painters
19th-century American male artists
American male painters
20th-century American painters
Members of the Salmagundi Club
American marine artists
Painters from Philadelphia
20th-century American male artists |
Rockaway Boulevard is a major road in the New York City borough of Queens. Unlike the similarly named Rockaway Beach Boulevard and Rockaway Freeway, it serves mainland Queens and does not enter the Rockaways.
Route description
It begins as an undivided road at Eldert Lane, a small one-way street that runs along the border between Queens and Brooklyn. West of Atlantic Avenue, it is a two-lane road. When it crosses Atlantic Avenue, it widens to four lanes.
Rockaway Boulevard generally runs east-southeast. It crosses the Van Wyck Expressway (I-678) and the Belt Parkway. Just south of the parkway, the Queens segment of the Nassau Expressway (NY 878) ends at Rockaway Boulevard, in a Y-shaped, at-grade junction. Rockaway Boulevard becomes a six-lane divided road at this point and continues southeast to the Queens-Nassau border, where it splits. One branch continues as Rockaway Turnpike (Nassau County Route 257), and the other leads to the southern part of NY 878. Rockaway Boulevard and Rockaway Turnpike were formerly known as Rockaway Road (or Rockaway Plank Road) and the Jamaica and Rockaway Turnpike. The portion of Rockaway Turnpike in Queens (a separate road towards Jamaica) is now called Sutphin Boulevard.
Parks along Rockaway Boulevard
As Rockaway Boulevard cuts diagonally through the rectangular street grid of southeastern Queens, triangular intersections that were too small to develop were designated as parks. These include Legion Triangle, Dixon Triangle, Lynch Triangle, Ruoff Triangle, Corporal Ruoff Square, Wellbrook Triangle, O'Connell Square, Catholic War Veterans Triangle, and Sergeant Colyer Square. Larger parks along the route include Playground One Forty, Baisley Pond Park, and Idlewild Park.
Transportation
The Rockaway Boulevard station ( train) of the New York City Subway serves the boulevard at the intersection of Cross Bay, Rockaway, and Woodhaven Boulevards. In addition, the and run along parts of the boulevard.
References
External links
Rockaway & Farmers Boulevards (Jeff Saltzman's Expressway Site)
Triangles of Rockaway Boulevard (Forgotten-NY)
Streets in Queens, New York |
Sheikh Mukhtar Robow (, born 10 October 1969), also known as Abu Mansur, is a former deputy leader and former spokesman of the Somali militant group Al-Shabaab. In 2015, he defected from Al-Shabaab due to ideology issues after years of hiding in his hometown. In 2022, Robow was appointed as the Minister of Religious Affairs in the Somali government.
Early life
Robow was born on 10 October 1969 in Huddur, in the Bakool region of southern Somalia. He studied at a local Qur'anic school, and later continued his religious education in the mosques of Mogadishu as well as those of his home region. A member of the Rahaweyn and more specifically of the Leysan clan which is particularly well represented in the South West State of Somalia. Robow also studied Islamic law in the 1990s at the University of Khartoum in Sudan.
Al-Shabaab
Robow and other leading Al-Shabaab members challenged the leadership of Ahmed Abdi Godane (Moktar Ali Zubeyr) at Barawe in June 2013. Godane killed two of the leading members, and Robow fled to his home district. Godane's forces launched an offensive against Robow's supporters, it was reported in August 2013.
On 23 June 2017, United States Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) removed him from its Reward for Justice (RFJ) list following discussions with the Somali government after a US$5 million bounty had been placed for information leading to his capture on 7 June 2012.
Defection
On 13 August 2017, he surrendered to the Somali Government authorities. In a press conference held in Mogadishu shortly after, he denounced Al-Shabaab and called on its members to quit the group.
Candidacy for Regional Presidency
A year later, Robow was pushing the envelope again. The charismatic former Shabaab leader officially declared he was running for regional elections originally set for 17 November and later postponed to 19 December. Mukhtar Robow, also known as Abu Mansour, made the announcement to hundreds of his supporters in a welcoming rally in the South Western town of Baidoa.
The enthusiasm, however, was not shared by the internationally backed Somali federal government in Mogadishu. In a sharp rebuke, Somalia's internal security ministry released a statement saying that Mukhtar Robow was not eligible to run for the regional elections. The problem, though, is that Somalia does not have a formal constitution and, legally, the powers of the federal and state government have not been adequately detailed. It was unclear whether the federal authorities have the ability to enforce a ban on a regional presidential candidate. Al Shabaab too has denounced the political ambitions of the group's highest profile defector. Ironically, the federal authorities and al Shabaab find themselves on the same side of the Robow candidacy controversy.
Worried about Robow's popularity, the federal government has sent at least one high-level official to try to persuade him to step aside.
The electoral commission, dismissing Mogadishu's demands, has awarded a certificate of eligibility to Mukhtar Robow Abu Mansur.
Mukhtar Robow was officially cleared by the South West State Electoral Commission to contest in the December elections despite early protest by the Federal government seeking to have him barred. The Coalition for Change, which has thrown its weight behind Mukhtar Robow, issued a statement after the polls were postponed. The group said it fears the government was planning to rig the election since the new date is not favourable for international observers as most of them will then have left Somalia for the end of the year festivities.
Some 150 elite Somali forces, armed with DShK rifles, were deployed to Baidoa to physically block Robow from accessing the election venue.
On 7 Nov 2018 The United Nations Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) warned that the presidential election in Somalia's South West State had the potential to lead to violence and called on all parties to ensure that the electoral process proceeds in accordance with the established rules and avoids any behaviour which may lead to conflict or undermine the integrity of the electoral process.
Arrest
On 13 December 2018, Mukhtar Robow was arrested by African Union peacekeepers from Ethiopia and flown to Mogadishu under tight security. At least 12 people were killed in Baidoa in violence that erupted following Robow's arrest. Among those killed was a member of the regional parliament. The victims were shot by AMISOM Ethiopian forces and Somali Special Forces flown from Mogadishu.
Somali lawmakers have written a protest letter to the AU Commission in Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian government and the UN complaining about the conduct of AMISOM.
Robow's arrest also prompted the resignation of Somalia's Public Works Minister Abdifatah Mohamed Gesey, who hails from Baidoa and is from the same Leysan sub-clan as Robow, in protest.
The Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Somalia, Nicholas Haysom wrote to the Somali government on 30 December 2018, requesting details of the legal basis for the arrest of Robow, as well as calling for investigations into the deaths of protesters following his detention. Somalia's security forces used lethal force to put down three days of demonstrations in the south-western town of Baidoa on 13–15 December, killing at least 15 people and arresting 300, according to the UN.
On 1 January 2019, three people were wounded including two UN staff members when a barrage of mortars were fired into the main UN base in Mogadishu.
Somalia's government has ordered the UN top envoy to leave the country, accusing him of "deliberately interfering with the country's sovereignty." The order comes days after the official, Nicholas Haysom, raised concerns about the action of Somalia's UN-backed security services in the recent violent episodes that left several people dead. The U.N. Security Council is expressing regret at Somalia's decision to expel a U.N. envoy who questioned the arrest of an extremist group defector-turned-political candidate.
In December 2021, Somalia's Interior Minister Abdullahi Nor, asked the country's National Intelligence Security Agency to hand over a report on the arrest and subsequent detention of Robow,
Ministry of Religious Affairs
In Aug 2022, Robow was appointed to become Minister Of Religious Affairs in the cabinet of President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud.
References
External links
Somali Islamist leader vows holy war against 'Christian invaders'. Agence France-Presse, 9 October 2007
1969 births
Living people
Ethnic Somali people
Al-Shabaab (militant group) members
Place of birth missing (living people)
People from Bay, Somalia
People of the Somali Civil War |
Salegentibacter sediminis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Salegentibacter which has been isolated from sediment obtained from the coast of Weihai.
References
Flavobacteria
Bacteria described in 2018 |
Eskibağlar is a village in the Kemah District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. Its population is 56 (2022).
References
Villages in Kemah District |
Ritodrine (trade name Yutopar) is a tocolytic drug used to stop premature labor. This drug has been removed from the US market, according to FDA Orange Book. It was available in oral tablets or as an injection and was typically used as the hydrochloride salt, ritodrine hydrochloride.
Mechanism
Ritodrine is a short-acting β2 adrenoreceptor agonist — a class of medication used for smooth muscle relaxation (other similar drugs are used in asthma or other pulmonary diseases such as salbutamol (albuterol)). Since ritodrine has a bulky N-substituent, it has high β2 selectivity. Also, the 4-hydroxy group on the benzene ring is important for activity as it is needed to form hydrogen bonds. However, the 4-hydroxy group makes it susceptible to metabolism by catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT). Since it is β2-selective it is used for premature labor.
Side effects and potential contraindications
Most side effects of β2 agonists result from their concurrent β1 activity, and include increase in heart rate, rise in systolic pressure, decrease in diastolic pressure, chest pain secondary to myocardial infarction, and arrhythmia. Beta agonists may also cause fluid retention secondary to decrease in water clearance, which when added to the tachycardia and increased myocardial work, may result in heart failure. In addition, they increase gluconeogenesis in the liver and muscle resulting in hyperglycemia, which increases insulin requirements in diabetic patients. The passage of β agonists through the placenta does occur and may be responsible for fetal tachycardia, as well as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia at birth.
Patients with type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure or migraines should bring this to their doctor's attention before receiving care.
It has also been associated with postpartum bleeding.
References
Beta2-adrenergic agonists
Phenols
Phenylethanolamines
Substituted amphetamines
Tocolytics |
Thomas Edward Magee (17 February 1929 – 22 March 2021) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy and Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Notes
External links
1929 births
2021 deaths
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Fitzroy Football Club players
Melbourne Football Club players |
Race & Class is a peer-reviewed academic journal on contemporary racism and imperialism. It is published quarterly by SAGE Publications on behalf of the Institute of Race Relations and is interdisciplinary, publishing material across the humanities and social sciences.
History
The journal was established in 1959 as Race, before obtaining its current title in 1974 (when it was subtitled Journal for Black and Third World Liberation). The new editor, Ambalavaner Sivanandan, rejected what he saw as the arid scholarship of its predecessor, calling out instead to the "Third World intelligentsia, its radicals and political activists, its refugees and exiles".
Race & Class covered events that shaped the 1970s, specifically the period's widespread and rapid social and political changes, liberation struggles and the installation of popular governments in some of the newly independent countries of the Third World, the phenomenon of Black Power, and the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries. The journal was opened to radical scholars and activists, three of whom were so closely involved in the liberation movements they wrote of – Orlando Letelier, Malcolm Caldwell and Walter Rodney – they were killed in the pursuit of their realization.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed by EBSCO databases, Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, MLA International Bibliography, and the Social Sciences Citation Index. According to the Journal Citation Reports in 2011, Race & Class had an impact factor of 0.302, ranking it 59 out of 81 in the category "Anthropology", 11 out of 14 in "Ethnic Studies", 28 out of 38 in "Social Issues", 66 out of 89 in "Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary", and 107 out of 138 in "Sociology".
References
External links
Journal page at Institute of Race Relations website
Anthropology journals
English-language journals
Ethnic studies journals
Political science journals
Academic journals established in 1959
Quarterly journals
SAGE Publishing academic journals
Sociology journals |
National Seed Corporation is a Government of India undertaking (Miniratna) for development of the seed industry in India. It produces 1.5 lakh tons of seed per year with net worth 633.62 Crores. Founded in March 1963, its headquarters is in New Delhi.
References
Government-owned companies of India
1963 establishments in Delhi
Organisations based in Delhi |
Season 1871–72 marked the first occasion in which any football team from Scotland participated in official competition, either at club or international level, when Queen's Park, the foremost club of the day, entered the inaugural FA Cup.
Overview
The foundation of Queen's Park in 1867 had begun to put football, which had persisted in various wholly unorganised recreational forms for centuries, on a more organised basis. A number of other clubs had come into being, occasionally playing challenge matches against each other, but as yet no governing body for the game or organised competitions existed within Scotland. In England, the Football Association (FA) had been in existence since 1863, and in 1871–72 it staged the first ever FA Cup competition. As it was not yet apparent that the FA and its Cup would become primarily English (as opposed to British even worldwide), Queen's Park were invited to enter.
On the international front, official and fully representative matches had yet to be organised. A series of "England v Scotland" matches in London organised by C. W. Alcock had begun in 1870, however the Scottish sides were almost entirely selected from London residents, these matches are not officially recognised. It would be November 1872 before the first recognised international fixture took place.
Teams in F.A. Cup
Without any precedents to draw on, the first FA Cup was organised on a haphazard basis, as illustrated by Queen's Park's progress. They were drawn in the first round to play Donington School from Lincolnshire, the only other entrants from outwith the Home Counties, but when the clubs were unable to agree a date for the fixture, the FA permitted both to progress to the next round. This time they were paired again, but Donington withdrew from the competition. With five teams left in the competition, Queen's were awarded a bye into the semi-finals, still without having played a match.
The semi-final draw paired Queen's Park with Wanderers, and after raising money by public subscription the Scots travelled to London, where a goalless draw was secured at Kennington Oval. Queen's, however, could not afford to extend their stay long enough for the tie to be replayed and were forced to withdraw from the competition.
References
Seasons in Scottish football |
Jean-Louis Morin may refer to:
Jean-Louis Morin (dancer) (1953–1995), Canadian choreographer and the principal dancer for the Martha Graham Dance Company
Jean-Louis Morin (porcelain painter) (1732–1787), French porcelain painter
See also
Jean Morin (disambiguation) |
Charles Nelson Herreid (October 20, 1857 – July 6, 1928) was the fourth Governor of South Dakota.
Biography
Charles Herreid was born in Dane County, Wisconsin. His parents, Nels Olson Herreid (1832–1902) and Thone Kittelson Herreid (1833–1908), were both Norwegian immigrants. He attended Galesville University in Wisconsin from 1874 to 1878 and the University of Wisconsin from 1880 to 1882. He married Jeannette E. Slye in 1881 and he moved to McPherson County, South Dakota in 1883. There he served as a McPherson County court judge from 1888 to 1891.
Career
Herreid was elected Lieutenant Governor of the new State of South Dakota from 1892 to 1896. He chaired the Republican State Central Committee from 1898 until 1900, when he was elected governor. Herreid, a Republican from Eureka, South Dakota, served from 1901 to 1905. He had previously served as the third Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota from 1893 to 1897 under Governor Charles H. Sheldon.
During Herreid's first gubernatorial term, efforts were made to reform the state's penal code, and a reduction in railroad rates helped ease the plight of farmers. Herreid worked for growth in state schools, Indian care and the development of good roads during his term as governor. During his second term, big business interests were brought under control, as was the power of political machines.
Herreid declined to run for a third term, returning to his law practice in Aberdeen, South Dakota. In addition to his political activism and engagement in the practice of law, during his lifetime, Herreid was director of the Western Mutual Life Insurance Company, president of Citizens Trust and Savings Bank, Federal Food Administrator for South Dakota, chairman of the South Dakota Military Training Camps Association, trustee of the University of Wisconsin, and a member of the Board of Regents for Education for South Dakota. He also served as a member of the South Dakota committee of the Red Cross.
Death
Herreid died in Aberdeen, South Dakota following an attack of ptomaine poisoning. and was interred at Riverside Memorial Park Cemetery, Aberdeen, Brown County, South Dakota.
References
External links
National Governors Association
1857 births
1928 deaths
People from Eureka, South Dakota
Politicians from Aberdeen, South Dakota
Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin
South Dakota state court judges
Republican Party governors of South Dakota
Lieutenant Governors of South Dakota
Gale College alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
American people of Norwegian descent |
```python
# coding=utf-8
# *** WARNING: this file was generated by test. ***
# *** Do not edit by hand unless you're certain you know what you are doing! ***
import copy
import warnings
import pulumi
import pulumi.runtime
from typing import Any, Mapping, Optional, Sequence, Union, overload
from . import _utilities
__all__ = ['ProviderArgs', 'Provider']
@pulumi.input_type
class ProviderArgs:
def __init__(__self__):
"""
The set of arguments for constructing a Provider resource.
"""
pass
class Provider(pulumi.ProviderResource):
@overload
def __init__(__self__,
resource_name: str,
opts: Optional[pulumi.ResourceOptions] = None,
__props__=None):
"""
Create a MyPkg resource with the given unique name, props, and options.
:param str resource_name: The name of the resource.
:param pulumi.ResourceOptions opts: Options for the resource.
"""
...
@overload
def __init__(__self__,
resource_name: str,
args: Optional[ProviderArgs] = None,
opts: Optional[pulumi.ResourceOptions] = None):
"""
Create a MyPkg resource with the given unique name, props, and options.
:param str resource_name: The name of the resource.
:param ProviderArgs args: The arguments to use to populate this resource's properties.
:param pulumi.ResourceOptions opts: Options for the resource.
"""
...
def __init__(__self__, resource_name: str, *args, **kwargs):
resource_args, opts = _utilities.get_resource_args_opts(ProviderArgs, pulumi.ResourceOptions, *args, **kwargs)
if resource_args is not None:
__self__._internal_init(resource_name, opts, **resource_args.__dict__)
else:
__self__._internal_init(resource_name, *args, **kwargs)
def _internal_init(__self__,
resource_name: str,
opts: Optional[pulumi.ResourceOptions] = None,
__props__=None):
opts = pulumi.ResourceOptions.merge(_utilities.get_resource_opts_defaults(), opts)
if not isinstance(opts, pulumi.ResourceOptions):
raise TypeError('Expected resource options to be a ResourceOptions instance')
if opts.id is None:
if __props__ is not None:
raise TypeError('__props__ is only valid when passed in combination with a valid opts.id to get an existing resource')
__props__ = ProviderArgs.__new__(ProviderArgs)
super(Provider, __self__).__init__(
'myPkg',
resource_name,
__props__,
opts)
``` |
John D. Guandolo is an American former FBI Special Agent and anti-Islam counter-terrorism activist who has provided training sessions for law enforcement and local politicians, and who has been described as an "anti-Muslim conspiracy theorist".
Career and FBI resignation
Guandolo graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1989, after which he served in the Marine Corps and took part in Operation Desert Storm. He joined the FBI as a field officer in 1996. According to press reports, Guandolo was a counter-terrorism expert in the FBI following the September 11 attacks. He also became involved in other cases, and according to court documents, Guandolo was found to have "had an intimate relationship with a confidential source that he thought could damage an investigation," in connection with the corruption case against former US Representative William Jefferson. Guandolo resigned from the FBI on or about December 1, 2008, before the bureau's Office of Professional Responsibility could question him about his sexual liaisons with the source, as well as with women FBI agents. He later expressed "deep remorse" for the relationship.
Post-FBI activities
Since his resignation from the FBI, Guandolo regularly provided training courses for law enforcement and elected officials across several US states, under the title "Understanding and Investigating the Jihadi Movement" with his consulting company Understanding the Threat (UTT), a counter-jihad organization founded in 2010. He also helped run a company called Strategic Engagement Group, which aimed to "educate the public on the counter jihad movement," and has worked with groups such as ACT for America and the Center for Security Policy (CSP). In 2007 he was awarded with the "Defender of the Homeland Award" by the CSP.
The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) routinely monitors Guandolo who it describes as "a disgraced ex-FBI agent" who makes a living from "anti-Muslim witch-hunts," and has categorized UTT as a "hate group". Guandolo in turn claims that the SPLC is "intentionally supporting a terrorist organization in violation of U.S. Law." The Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) has called on local Republican Party chapters to cancel events with Guandolo, who it describes as "a disgraced ex-FBI agent and anti-Muslim extremist who has peddled conspiracy theories about Islam and Muslims." Guandolo in turn claims that CAIR is a front for Hamas and the Muslim Brotherhood. In 2014, it was reported that Guandolo helped draft a bill introduced by Rep. Michele Bachmann that would have designated the Muslim Brotherhood a "foreign terrorist entity".
In 2016, a planned event at Cedar Valley College in Texas was cancelled after pressure from CAIR. The same year the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) attempted to cancel an event in Maricopa County, Arizona. In 2018 Guandolo hosted a law enforcement training in San Angelo, Texas, which after pressure from advocacy groups was rejected by the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement because it "paints an entire religion with an overly broad brush" and "does not seem to provide any law enforcement training value to attendees." The same year, several of his planned events in the Midwest were cancelled due to local activism. He was also secretly filmed by an Al Jazeera undercover investigation. By 2022, Guandolo's bookings from law enforcement had "lessened significantly."
By 2022, Guandolo organized training sessions for right-wing citizens about the perceived threat of "communist & Jihadist networks," and to "organize communities into operational forces to identify roots of corruption & dismantle the hostile networks behind it, and re-establish a Republican form of government at the local level," which were joined by former Trump national security adviser Michael Flynn. In June 2023 his organization Understanding the Threat closed down, stating that "the assaults from our adversaries financially and legally have been withering and overwhelming."
Civil lawsuit
Guandolo was accused in 2017 of assaulting a Minnesota sheriff at a National Sheriffs' Association (NSA) expo in Reno, Nevada, where Guandolo was a presenter. Guandolo had previously claimed that the sheriff "works with jihadis in the community". Nevada prosecutors quietly dismissed the charges against Guandolo, stating that even from a video of the incident, it was not clear who made first contact. Two years later, a Dallas County jury however awarded the sheriff $600,000 in a civil lawsuit. Guandolo later lost a self-defense appeal in court.
Views
Guandolo has claimed that "nearly every single Muslim organization in North America is controlled by the Muslim Brotherhood or a derivative group, and that they seek to impose Islamic law in furtherance of establishing an Islamic state here." He has stated that the US Justice Department should have prevented two Muslim women (Ilhan Omar and Rashida Tlaib) from being elected to Congress, and has claimed that former CIA Director John Brennan is a secret Muslim convert. In 2018 Guandolo's Twitter account was suspended after he posted a tweet that tied the Democratic Party to the Ku Klux Klan and the Tree of Life Synagogue shooting in Pittsburgh. In 2019 he suggested the US should bomb the Kaaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia with cruise missiles in retaliation for the Naval Air Station Pensacola shooting. Following the January 6 United States Capitol attack, having been present at the pro-Trump "Stop the Steal" rally with a group to pray, he praised insurrectionists for "showing restraint by not publicly executing lawmakers," most of whom he claimed are "traitors" who should be "swinging from a rope."
Books
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American anti-communists
American conspiracy theorists
American critics of Islam
Counter-jihad activists
Counterterrorism theorists
Federal Bureau of Investigation agents
Protesters in or near the January 6 United States Capitol attack
United States Marine Corps officers
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Gulf War
United States Naval Academy alumni |
Dhaval Sunil Dhairyawan (19 April 1979 – 22 March 2012) was a lifestyle and automotive photographer from India. He was noted for his Photojournalism for The Times Journal of Photography, TopGear India Magazine, The Times of India and Lonely Planet Magazine. He died on 22 March 2012 due to a prolonged illness.
Piramal Art Gallery, Mumbai hosted a photo exhibition in his memory under the name, The Dhaval Dhairyawan Retrospective.
Due to his passion for automobiles, he changed the Indian outlook for automotive photography. He did several photo shoots for Top Gear Magazine which were never seen in an Indian car magazine before.
References
External links
Official Flickr Profile
1979 births
Artists from Mumbai
Indian photojournalists
20th-century Indian photographers
Indian male journalists
2012 deaths |
Simon Apple is an American progressive rock band based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
History
Early years
The band was formed in late 1987 in the Reading, Pennsylvania area (outside of Philadelphia) as a cover band playing music of Genesis, Rush, Electric Light Orchestra, Supertramp, Steely Dan, Pink Floyd, Kansas, Billy Joel, Elton John, Marillion, Level 42, Earth Wind & Fire, Bruce Hornsby, Toto, etc. The original line-up included Jeff Miller (keyboards), Buzz Saylor (drums), Mark Ludwig (guitar), Kurt Manderbach (bass), Brad Weisman (vocals). The band also incorporated a 3-piece horn section on select gigs (Dave Miller – sax, Harry Stevenson – trumpet, Lou Zanine – trombone). The band later went through a few personnel changes that included Alisa Anderson (vocals), Warren Daugherty (bass) replacing Weisman & Manderbach. At the time, the horn section was dropped, but Dave Miller remained on sax as a feature on many Pink Floyd and Supertramp songs.
1992–1995
Saylor and Miller decided to stop performing as a cover band and pursue their own songs. The band invited guitarist Eric Beebe to join. The band became a 3-piece, with additional players live, adding Stefon Pizzuto on bass, and Kevin Checket on drums. Saylor became the lead vocalist at this time.
1996–1999
John Feldmann took over as lead vocalist and live guitarist. Jeff Miller performed guitar in addition to keyboards in studio on From The Toybox. Saylor went back to the drum seat. Beebe and Checket had departed. Pizzuto remained in the live band.
In early 1998 Simon Apple independently released their first single "It's Over", taken from their debut CD From The Toybox.
2000–2007
Feldmann left the band due to family commitments. Miller and Saylor invited Dan Merrill from Portland, Maine, to join the band. Writing and production then began on what would become River to the Sea.
The 2004 album release, River to the Sea, featured several Grammy-winning and multi-platinum guest artists, including Buck Dharma of Blue Öyster Cult, John Helliwell of Supertramp, Steve Rodby of the Pat Metheny Group, Hugh McDowell of Electric Light Orchestra, Tony Levin of King Crimson, Peter Gabriel.
The first single released from "River to the Sea" was "Hold Me [Like A Lover]", which peaked at #10 on the U.S. Adult Contemporary FMBQ radio chart.≈≈≈≈
Discography
Albums
From The Toybox (1998)
Apples to Apples, Dust to Dust...Archives (2000)
River to the Sea (2004)
River to the Sea Bonus Tracks 2 CD Set (2004)
Apples to Apples, Dust to Dust...Archives (Remastered 2005)
River to the Sea (2004)
Official Bootleg 1 (2005)
Official Bootleg 2 (2005)
Official Bootleg 3 (2013)
EPs
Spot the Looney (1988)
Simon Apple (1993)
Member solo albums
Dan Merrill
Revolution (1996)
Tomorrow to Yesterday (2008)
External links
Interview with Jeff Miller
CD review From the Toybox
CD review River to the Sea
Musical groups from Philadelphia
Progressive rock musical groups from Pennsylvania |
Tarrant County College (TCC) or Tarrant County College District (TCCD) is a public community college in Tarrant County, Texas. It offers five transferrable degrees as well as degrees and certificates in occupational and technical programs. The district consists of five physical campuses, a virtual campus (TCC Connect) and a centralized office.
The school began on July 31, 1965 after voters approved a bond election for the formation of a junior college district. In 1958, the South Campus was the first campus to open in south Fort Worth; in 1967, the Northeast Campus was built in Hurst. A third campus, Northwest, was added in 1976, in northwest Fort Worth. In 1996, the Southeast Campus was built in Arlington. The fifth, Trinity River Campus, opened in downtown Fort Worth fall of 2009.
As defined by the Texas Legislature, the official service area of TCCD includes all of Tarrant County.
Notable alumni
Charles Baker, actor
Leon Bridges, musician
Deborah Crombie, author
Wendy Davis, politician
Stephen Mosher, photographer
Post Malone, rapper
Jonathan Stickland, businessman and politician
Mack White, cartoonist
Collegiate High Schools
Tarrant County College offers several dual-credit programs, known as collegiate high schools, that offer an associate degree along with a high school diploma.
Marine Creek Collegiate High School (Northwest Campus)
Texas Academy of Biomedical Sciences (Trinity River Campus)
TCC South Campus - FWISD Early Collegiate High School (South Campus)
Collegiate Academy at Tarrant County College (Northeast Campus)
Arlington Collegiate High School (Southeast Campus)
References
External links
Official website
Photos of Tarrant County College hosted by the Portal to Texas History
Universities and colleges in Fort Worth, Texas
Two-year colleges in the United States
Universities and colleges in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex
Education in Arlington, Texas
Distance education institutions based in the United States
Universities and colleges established in 1965
Universities and colleges accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
Community colleges in Texas
Universities and colleges in Tarrant County, Texas
1965 establishments in Texas |
```prolog
#! /usr/bin/env perl
#
# in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
# path_to_url
package x86nasm;
*out=\@::out;
$::lbdecor="L\$"; # local label decoration
$nmdecor="_"; # external name decoration
$drdecor=$::mwerks?".":""; # directive decoration
$initseg="";
sub ::generic
{ my $opcode=shift;
my $tmp;
if (!$::mwerks)
{ if ($opcode =~ m/^j/o && $#_==0) # optimize jumps
{ $_[0] = "NEAR $_[0]"; }
elsif ($opcode eq "lea" && $#_==1) # wipe storage qualifier from lea
{ $_[1] =~ s/^[^\[]*\[/\[/o; }
elsif ($opcode eq "clflush" && $#_==0)
{ $_[0] =~ s/^[^\[]*\[/\[/o; }
}
&::emit($opcode,@_);
1;
}
#
# opcodes not covered by ::generic above, mostly inconsistent namings...
#
sub ::call { &::emit("call",(&::islabel($_[0]) or "$nmdecor$_[0]")); }
sub ::call_ptr { &::emit("call",@_); }
sub ::jmp_ptr { &::emit("jmp",@_); }
sub get_mem
{ my($size,$addr,$reg1,$reg2,$idx)=@_;
my($post,$ret);
if (!defined($idx) && 1*$reg2) { $idx=$reg2; $reg2=$reg1; undef $reg1; }
if ($size ne "")
{ $ret .= "$size";
$ret .= " PTR" if ($::mwerks);
$ret .= " ";
}
$ret .= "[";
$addr =~ s/^\s+//;
# prepend global references with optional underscore
$addr =~ s/^([^\+\-0-9][^\+\-]*)/::islabel($1) or "$nmdecor$1"/ige;
# put address arithmetic expression in parenthesis
$addr="($addr)" if ($addr =~ /^.+[\-\+].+$/);
if (($addr ne "") && ($addr ne 0))
{ if ($addr !~ /^-/) { $ret .= "$addr+"; }
else { $post=$addr; }
}
if ($reg2 ne "")
{ $idx!=0 or $idx=1;
$ret .= "$reg2*$idx";
$ret .= "+$reg1" if ($reg1 ne "");
}
else
{ $ret .= "$reg1"; }
$ret .= "$post]";
$ret =~ s/\+\]/]/; # in case $addr was the only argument
$ret;
}
sub ::BP { &get_mem("BYTE",@_); }
sub ::DWP { &get_mem("DWORD",@_); }
sub ::WP { &get_mem("WORD",@_); }
sub ::QWP { &get_mem("",@_); }
sub ::BC { (($::mwerks)?"":"BYTE ")."@_"; }
sub ::DWC { (($::mwerks)?"":"DWORD ")."@_"; }
sub ::file
{ if ($::mwerks) { push(@out,".section\t.text,64\n"); }
else
{ my $tmp=<<___;
%ifidn __OUTPUT_FORMAT__,obj
section code use32 class=code align=64
%elifidn __OUTPUT_FORMAT__,win32
\$\@feat.00 equ 1
section .text code align=64
%else
section .text code
%endif
___
push(@out,$tmp);
}
}
sub ::function_begin_B
{ my $func=shift;
my $global=($func !~ /^_/);
my $begin="${::lbdecor}_${func}_begin";
$begin =~ s/^\@/./ if ($::mwerks); # the torture never stops
&::LABEL($func,$global?"$begin":"$nmdecor$func");
$func=$nmdecor.$func;
push(@out,"${drdecor}global $func\n") if ($global);
push(@out,"${drdecor}align 16\n");
push(@out,"$func:\n");
push(@out,"$begin:\n") if ($global);
$::stack=4;
}
sub ::function_end_B
{ $::stack=0;
&::wipe_labels();
}
sub ::file_end
{ if (grep {/\b${nmdecor}OPENSSL_ia32cap_P\b/i} @out)
{ my $comm=<<___;
${drdecor}segment .bss
${drdecor}common ${nmdecor}OPENSSL_ia32cap_P 16
___
# comment out OPENSSL_ia32cap_P declarations
grep {s/(^extern\s+${nmdecor}OPENSSL_ia32cap_P)/\;$1/} @out;
push (@out,$comm)
}
push (@out,$initseg) if ($initseg);
}
sub ::comment { foreach (@_) { push(@out,"\t; $_\n"); } }
sub ::external_label
{ foreach(@_)
{ push(@out,"${drdecor}extern\t".&::LABEL($_,$nmdecor.$_)."\n"); }
}
sub ::public_label
{ push(@out,"${drdecor}global\t".&::LABEL($_[0],$nmdecor.$_[0])."\n"); }
sub ::data_byte
{ push(@out,(($::mwerks)?".byte\t":"db\t").join(',',@_)."\n"); }
sub ::data_short
{ push(@out,(($::mwerks)?".word\t":"dw\t").join(',',@_)."\n"); }
sub ::data_word
{ push(@out,(($::mwerks)?".long\t":"dd\t").join(',',@_)."\n"); }
sub ::align
{ push(@out,"${drdecor}align\t$_[0]\n"); }
sub ::picmeup
{ my($dst,$sym)=@_;
&::lea($dst,&::DWP($sym));
}
sub ::initseg
{ my $f=$nmdecor.shift;
if ($::win32)
{ $initseg=<<___;
segment .CRT\$XCU data align=4
extern $f
dd $f
___
}
}
sub ::dataseg
{ if ($mwerks) { push(@out,".section\t.data,4\n"); }
else { push(@out,"section\t.data align=4\n"); }
}
sub ::safeseh
{ my $nm=shift;
push(@out,"%if __NASM_VERSION_ID__ >= 0x02030000\n");
push(@out,"safeseh ".&::LABEL($nm,$nmdecor.$nm)."\n");
push(@out,"%endif\n");
}
sub ::preprocessor_ifdef
{ my($define)=@_;
push(@out,"%ifdef ${define}\n");
}
sub ::preprocessor_endif
{ push(@out,"%endif\n"); }
1;
``` |
The Mappin Baronetcy, of Thornbury in the Township of Upper Hallam in the Parish of Sheffield in the West Riding of the County of York, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 27 August 1886 for the factory owner and Liberal politician Frederick Mappin. The title became extinct on the death of the sixth Baronet in 1975.
Mappin baronets, of Thornbury (1886)
Sir Frederick Thorpe Mappin, 1st Baronet (1821–1910)
Sir Frank Mappin, 2nd Baronet (1846–1920)
Sir Wilson Mappin, 3rd Baronet (1848–1925)
Sir Charles Thomas Hewitt Mappin, 4th Baronet (1909–1941)
Sir Samuel Wilson Mappin, 5th Baronet (1854–1942)
Sir Frank Crossley Mappin, 6th Baronet (1884–1975)
Arms
References
Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom |
Elizabeth Lillian Marvelly (born 5 July 1989) is a singer, songwriter and social commentator from Rotorua, New Zealand. She first achieved success as a classical crossover vocalist before switching to pop music. She ran the website Villainesse until 2021, and has written for the New Zealand Herald, discussing feminist issues. In July 2020 she was appointed the director of Rotorua Museum; she stepped down from the role in December 2021.
Background
Marvelly was born in Rotorua and is the only child of Brett Marvelly and Vlasta Marvelly . Her maternal grandfather was from Czechoslovakia, escaping from Prague during World War II. Her maternal grandmother Jean Kerrigan was from Ohinemutu and through her Marvelly affiliates to Ngāti Whakaue. She is related to entertainer Howard Morrison, who was her maternal grandfather's best friend. Marvelly grew up in the Prince's Gate Hotel, built in 1897, which her parents owned. She attended Rotorua Girls' High School, and then won a senior scholarship at King's College in Auckland for her seventh form year. She graduated from Massey University with a Bachelor of Arts in English and Psychology in 2015.
Music career
Classical crossover music
She released her debut album under the name Elizabeth Marvelly on 3 December 2007 in New Zealand, and on 31 March 2008 in Australia. The self-titled pop-classical album was produced by Carl Doy. On the album Marvelly sings songs taken from a range of different genres and includes two original pieces. Her song "When You Are Sad" was reportedly written after a recent case of child abuse in her hometown Rotorua shocked the nation.
Marvelly's second classical crossover album, Home, was recorded with Grammy-nominated producer Nick Patrick. The album featured the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra and a duet with Britain's Got Talent winner Paul Potts. As it was released on 21 February 2011, one day before the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, Marvelly announced that she would be donating a portion of record sales to the Christchurch Earthquake Appeal.
Pop music
In 2012, Marvelly sang as part of Flight of the Conchords supergroup charity single "Feel Inside (And Stuff Like That)". The song reached number one in the New Zealand charts.
In 2013, Marvelly announced that she would be pursuing a pop career, as she had become dissatisfied with her classical crossover career, and also wanted to sing her own compositions. She said, "I just thought music is my life and if it's going to be my life long-term, then it has to be music that I actually love everything about."
In January 2014, Marvelly launched her pop career, using the name Lizzie Marvelly. Her first pop single, "Generation Young", was also released in January, with her EP Collisions released in July, peaking at number 14 on the charts.
In August 2015, Marvelly released her first single with New Zealand hip hop DJ P-Money. Entitled 'Made For You', the song featured in New Zealand hip hop film 'Born To Dance'. In October the same year Marvelly released a remix of 'Made For You' featuring New Zealand rapper K.One.
Live performances
Since 2006, Marvelly has performed in a number of high-profile concerts in New Zealand, supporting artists such as Sir Howard Morrison, Dame Malvina Major and Amici Forever star Geoff Sewell. She also supported Paul Potts on his New Zealand and Australian tour in 2008, later joining him on further international dates.
Marvelly is also well known in New Zealand for her performances singing the New Zealand national anthem at rugby test matches in New Zealand and abroad. She performed the national anthem at the 2011 Rugby World Cup final.
Social commentary
In May 2015, Marvelly launched Villainesse, a feminist website for young women. In September that year she launched the first Villainesse project, "#MyBodyMyTerms", a global campaign to spark conversation about sexual violence, victim-blaming, revenge porn and consent.
From January 2016 to April 2020, she wrote a regular column in the New Zealand Herald where she commented on social issues. In a February 2017 column she criticised the conservative Christian lobby group Family First New Zealand for opposing transgender individuals for using toilets not reflecting the sex of their birth. In 2015, Marvelly was a finalist of the Wintec Press Club's Best Writer in New Zealand Award.
Museum career
In July 2020 she was appointed the director of Rotorua Museum. She stepped down from this role in December 2021.
Personal life
In May 2018, Marvelly revealed publicly that she was bisexual. She had earlier come out to friends, then her family, then colleagues. She said that while 'it shouldn't be a big deal' in 2018, it had not been easy. 'I didn't know I was bi until my early 20s. I didn't know if the people I loved would be okay with it. 'I'm a very private person when it comes to my personal life, and I didn't know whether I could deal with the scrutiny of having my sexuality highlighted in the media.' In mid-2021, Marvelly announced with her partner on Instagram that she was pregnant with her first child. Marvelly announced the birth of her daughter on Twitter (now X) in early 2022.
Discography
Albums
EPs
Singles
References
External links
Official website
Facebook page
1989 births
Living people
People educated at King's College, Auckland
New Zealand people of Czech descent
New Zealand sopranos
People from Rotorua
New Zealand Māori feminists
Te Arawa people
New Zealand Māori women singers
New Zealand bisexual people
Bisexual songwriters
Bisexual women musicians
Bisexual singers
New Zealand LGBT singers
21st-century New Zealand women singers
New Zealand women columnists
New Zealand LGBT songwriters
21st-century New Zealand LGBT people |
Diemeniana frenchi is a species of cicada in the Cicadinae subfamily, native to Victoria and New South Wales in Australia. It was described by William Lucas Distant in 1907.
References
Cicadidae
Arthropods of Victoria (state)
Arthropods of New South Wales |
Demolition High is a 1996 direct-to-video American action film directed by Jim Wynorsky, and starring Corey Haim, Alan Thicke, and Dick Van Patten.
Plot
A group of terrorists led by Luther take over a high school. Whilst outside, authorities work to negotiate with the terrorists, a group of students lead a revolt in order to prevent a disaster, led by Lenny Slater.
Cast
Corey Haim as Lenny Slater
Alan Thicke as Slater
Dick Van Patten as General Wainwright
Melissa Brasselle as Tanya
Jeff Kober as Luther
Stacie Randall as Dugan
Production
Wynorski later recalled "Corey Haim was a nice kid who was totally fucked up in the head. You could see the path he was going down even then. I wish I could have turned him around. But I had to have a paid babysitter with him all the time. Believe it or not, he had to have a babysitter. The kid was in his early 20s and still didn’t have it figured out yet."
Sequel
In 1997, the sequel Demolition University was released with Haim reprising his role as Lenny and Ami Dolenz as Jenny.
References
External links
1996 direct-to-video films
1996 films
1996 action films
American action films
Direct-to-video action films
1990s English-language films
Films directed by Jim Wynorski
Films scored by Kevin Kiner
Films shot in Los Angeles
American teen films
Films about terrorism
1990s American films |
The Royal Canadian College of Organists (RCCO), founded in 1909, is a national association of organists and church musicians in Canada, with 28 centres from Victoria, British Columbia to Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. The National Office is in Toronto.
The chief aim of the college is to promote a high standard of organ playing, choral directing,
church music and composition. To this end, it holds examinations and grants diplomas, encourages musical events such as workshops and recitals, commissions new works,
affords opportunities for discussion, and provides advice on being a professional musician.
The college holds an annual summer convention. Recent conventions were held in Montreal QC (2017), Calgary AB (2018) and Halifax NS (2019). The college is registered as a charitable organization in Canada.
History
On 27 October 1909, a resolution recognising
"the importance of establishing a college of organists, similar to that of England, in Canada"
was passed at the Conservatory of Music in Brantford, Ontario
and in December of that year, the Canadian Guild of Organists was founded.
In 1920 the Guild was renamed as the Canadian College of Organists,
and in 1959 it was granted the prefix Royal, in recognition of the fiftieth anniversary of the college.
Publications
From October 1968 to June 2009, The American Organist, published monthly by the American Guild of Organists (AGO), was the official journal of the RCCO as well as of the AGO. In September 2009, because of changes in United States Postal Service regulations, the RCCO began to publish its own official journal. Its quarterly newsletter Organ Canada/Orgue Canada was redesigned as a glossy bimonthly publication, with the purpose of "celebrating excellence in Canadian organ building, performance, composition, and education".
The American Organist, while no longer the official journal of the RCCO, remains available to members by subscription, along with a selection of other choral and organ publications, at group rates.
Since 2000 the RCCO has also published a range of choral and organ music by Canadian composers.
Diplomas
The college grants several levels of accreditation, for which it holds examinations annually:
Colleague Diploma (CRCCO)
Associate Diploma (ARCCO)
Fellow Diploma (FRCCO)
Professional Diploma in Choral Conducting (Ch.RCCO)
Service Playing certificate
Worship Accompanist certificate
Choir Training certificate
The college offers printed materials and recordings on topics including
organ study, choir training, preparation for examinations,
commissioning of compositions, purchase of organs, employment and ethics.
It holds composition competitions and organ playing competitions,
and awards prizes and scholarships.
Some Notable Members
Healey Willan, President 1922–1923, 1933–1935
Sir Ernest MacMillan, President 1927–1928
W. H. Hewlett, President 1928–1929
Alfred Whitehead, President 1930–1931, 1935–1937
Herbert Sanders, President 1932–1933
Paul Ambrose, President 1939–1940
Charles Peaker, President 1941–1943
Eric Rollinson, President 1943–1945
Graham George, President 1972–1974
Gerald Bales, President 1980–1982
H. Hugh Bancroft
Eric Robertson
References
External links
Official website
1909 establishments in Ontario
Music-related professional associations
Professional associations based in Canada
Pipe organ organizations
Music organizations based in Canada |
2,2-Diphenylpropylamine is a form of diphenylpropylamine.
Amines
Phenyl compounds |
The St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church, officially the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church and National Shrine, is a church and shrine in the World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan, New York City. It is administered by the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America and has been developed by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, based upon the design of Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava. The church was consecrated on July 4, 2022.
St. Nicholas replaced the original church of the same name that was destroyed during the September 11 attacks in 2001—the only house of worship, and only building outside the original World Trade Center complex, to be completely destroyed. The new church is located in Liberty Park, overlooking the National September 11 Memorial & Museum. Its architecture draws from Byzantine influences, namely the Church of the Savior and the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, as well as from the Parthenon in Athens. In addition to serving as a Greek Orthodox parish, St. Nicholas is officially planned as a "House of Prayer for all people" that will function as a national shrine and community center, incorporating a secular bereavement space, social hall, and various educational and interfaith programs.
Initially scheduled to open in 2016, St. Nicholas' rebuilding effort was beset by delays, cost overruns, and claims of financial impropriety. In 2019, the nonprofit Friends of St. Nicholas was founded to help complete the project, which continued under the auspices of the newly elected Archbishop Elpidophoros. The church was partially opened for a memorial service commemorating the 20th anniversary of the September 11 attacks. The church fully opened on December 6, 2022, the Feast of Saint Nicholas.
Early history
Greek immigrants founded the congregation of St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church in 1916. Parishioners initially worshiped in the dining room of a hotel on Morris Street owned by Stamatis Kalamarides. In 1919, five families raised $25,000 to purchase a new location for the church, a three-story tavern on 155 Cedar Street that was originally built in the 1830s as a private home. The modest structure was converted into a church and given a fourth story, holding worship services by 1922.
St. Nicholas was only wide, long, and tall. It was originally an old calendar church, but in 1993 began holding Wednesday services according to the Gregorian calendar. It was notable for its small size, unusual location, and juxtaposition with the large modern skyscrapers in the area—all other adjacent buildings had been demolished, leaving the church surrounded on three sides by a parking lot.
Before the attacks the church had a dedicated congregation of about 70 families led by Father John Romas. On Wednesdays, the building was open to the public, often receiving visitors that were not Greek Orthodox; in addition to local residents and Greek immigrants, St. Nicholas attracted Greek shipping magnates passing through New York City.
September 11, 2001
The building was completely destroyed when the South Tower of the original World Trade Center collapsed after being struck by United Airlines Flight 175. No one was inside when the church was destroyed; the church sexton and an electrician were able to escape only minutes before.
A 50-year-old parishioner named Bill Tarazonas, who was in the church that morning before the South Tower collapsed, said:
Very little of the church's contents were recovered. Among the most valuable physical possessions lost were some relics of St Nicholas, St Catherine, and St Sava, which had been donated to the church by Nicholas II, the last tsar of Russia; they were removed from their safe on holy days for veneration. Archbishop Demetrios expressed that having the saints' relics intermingled with the remains of the attack's victims served to sanctify the site further. Among the items eventually found were the damaged icons of St. Dionysios of Zakynthos, the Life-giving Spring (Zoodochos Pigi), and a handful of miscellaneous religious items. These are to be displayed in an exhibit in the new church dedicated to its predecessor.
Rebuilding
Congregation members and Father Romas temporarily relocated to Sts. Constantine and Helen Greek Orthodox Cathedral in Brooklyn.
On December 6, 2001, the Feast Day of St. Nicholas, Archbishop Demetrios of America, joined by Archbishop Iakovos and area clergy, celebrated a somber vespers and memorial service near the location where the church once stood.
Following its collapse, donations of almost $2 million were received, as well as additional pledges of construction materials and appointments for the complete rebuilding of the church. The city of Bari, Italy, where the relics of Saint Nicholas were originally bestowed, donated $500,000. The Government of Greece contributed $750,000 to these efforts, and the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople gave $50,000.
Meanwhile, the plans for rebuilding the World Trade Center complex included building a new St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church quite close to the original location, on the elevated Liberty Park, diagonally from One World Trade Center.
2008–2011: plans and deal breakdown
On July 23, 2008, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey reached a deal with the leaders of the church for the Port Authority to acquire the lot that the church had occupied for $20 million; $10 million came from the Port Authority and $10 million from JPMorgan Chase & Co. Under the terms of the deal, the Port Authority would grant land and up to $20 million to help rebuild the church in a new location – in addition, the authority was willing to pay up to $40 million to construct a bomb-proof platform underneath it.
In March 2009, the Port Authority stated that it had stopped talking with the church and had canceled building St. Nicholas altogether. The Port Authority said that the church was asking for too much, and that they might delay the whole World Trade Center project. The Archdiocese, however, said that they just wanted the church back, and a third of the building would be a memorial for 9/11, a place where people of all faiths could pray and remember those who died in the attacks.
In July 2010, George Demos, a former SEC attorney and Republican Congressional candidate, first brought the failure to rebuild St. Nicholas Church into the national debate. Demos said that the executive director of the Port Authority, Chris Ward, had not made rebuilding St. Nicholas church a top priority. On August 16, 2010, Demos launched a petition on his website calling on the Port Authority to rebuild the church, calling the Port Authority "disingenuous and disrespectful". On August 23, 2010, former New York Governor George Pataki joined George Demos at a press conference to call on the Port Authority to reopen talk with officials from the Church.
During the vespers service held on December 5, 2010, Archbishop Demetrios said the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese would do anything to rebuild the church.
On February 14, 2011, the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America filed a $20 million lawsuit against the Port Authority pursuant to Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act (42 U.S.C. § 1983), requesting a grand jury trial for not rebuilding the church.
2011: agreement to rebuild
As a result of settlement discussions mediated by the Governor of New York's office, the Port Authority and Archdiocese agreed to an independent engineering study to determine the feasibility of siting the Church at various locations in Liberty Park. The four-month study was led by construction expert Peter Lehrer, who worked on the project on a pro bono basis with Director of World Trade Center Construction Steven Plate and independent engineers Gorton & Partners and McNamara/Salvia, Inc. The study concluded that structural issues could be resolved to site the Church at 130 Liberty Street at significantly lower cost than originally agreed, and with no delay to construction at the World Trade Center site.
On October 14, 2011, ten years after the church was destroyed, an agreement for the reconstruction of the church was signed that ended all legal action. Governor Andrew Cuomo, Archbishop Demetrios, and Christopher O. Ward, the executive director of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, announced that the new church would be constructed at the intersection of Liberty and Greenwich Streets in Liberty Park, exactly where it had been envisioned three years before. However, the church would be located on a plot of 4,100 square feet, about two-thirds the size of the site in the earlier proposed plan of 2008. It would also include an adjacent nondenominational bereavement center.
The new site at 130 Liberty Street was less than 50 yards east of the church's original site at 155 Cedar Street, but more than three times larger. The new church would be rebuilt on Port Authority land, on a platform above the helical underground ramp of the Vehicular Security Center, which houses the loading and parking areas of the new World Trade Center. The Port Authority estimated that it would spend about $25 million to construct the platform on which St. Nicholas will sit and provide the necessary utility hookups, while the church would pay for anything built above ground. Archbishop Demetrios stated that "our pledge is to be a witness for all New Yorkers, that freedom of conscience and the fundamental human right of free religious expression will always shine forth in the resurrected St. Nicholas Church."
2014–2017: construction and further fundraising
Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava was awarded the task of designing the new St. Nicholas; he has referred to the church as a “human-scaled presence in an ensemble of giants.” The building will take the form of a circular domed church flanked by four towers, referencing the great Byzantine churches of Hagia Sophia and the Church of the Holy Savior in Chora, both in Istanbul. According to Calatrava, who consulted Archbishop Demetrios with regard to the liturgical and iconographical requirements of the interior, the church would be built of steel and concrete, but the exterior would be clad in stone using a double-wall construction method. The outer wall will feature thin slabs of Pentelic marble that will be illuminated by LED lights on a nightly basis. While the layout of the interior will follow a traditional Greek Orthodox pattern, St. Nicholas will function as an open, pluralistic communal gathering space accessible to the public on a regular basis, in addition to its role as a place of worship.
The ground blessing ceremony and symbolic laying of the cornerstone took place on October 18, 2014, attended by government and church leaders, with construction expected to be completed within two years. In September 2015 a live webcam showing the church's construction was made available.
In 2015, AHEPA chapters from across the country launched fundraising efforts hoping to raise at least $500,000 over the following two years toward the estimated $38 million project, combining contributions with private gifts and donations from the 525 parishes within the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. In the spring of 2016, it was announced that proceeds totaling $100,000 from the liquidation of the assets of St. Nicholas Church in Appleton, Wisconsin would be donated to the rebuilding of St. Nicholas Church and Shrine. The parish would be denoted as a benefactor, and a video history of their church would be present at the new St. Nicholas National Shrine. In September 2016, the Stavros Niarchos Foundation donated 5 million dollars for the rebuilding of Saint Nicholas at the WTC.
On November 29, 2016, the church structure was ceremoniously topped out with a temporary cross, to be replaced with a permanent cross upon completion of the church dome.
On August 21, 2017, the St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church signed a formal lease and purchase agreement with the Port Authority for what is to be known as The Saint Nicholas National Shrine at the World Trade Center. The final deal was signed by Rick Cotton, the Port's new executive director, just days after he took on the role. The 198-year lease runs until July 31, 2215, and has an additional 99-year extension, as well as an option to buy the land from the Port Authority at any time during the term of the lease for a nominal [i.e., $1] purchase price.
2017–2021: cessation and resumption of work
The church was expected to re-open in November 2018. However, in December 2017, Skanska U.S.A., the construction company rebuilding the Santiago Calatrava-designed shrine, ceased work at the site in Liberty Park. The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America had been unable to pay Skanska's bills, despite receiving $37 million in donations for the shrine. According to a December 2017 newsletter, $48,991,760 had been pledged to date, while of that amount $37,398,316 had been collected, leaving a pledge balance of just over $11 million. Following the cessation of work, the US Attorney's Office in Manhattan as well as the state Attorney General's Office opened probes into the project's finances and those of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America.
On May 16, 2018, the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America released the results of Phase I of a PricewaterhouseCoopers investigative report regarding the rebuilding of Saint Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church and National Shrine (SNCNS). The report concluded that as of December 31, 2017, the Archdiocese owed the SNCNS an aggregate of $3,504,550, excluding interest. On May 2, 2018, the Archdiocese made a $1,000,000 payment to the SNCNS thereby reducing the balance due to $2,504,550.
In July 2018 the Archdiocese closed a deal with Alma Bank for a 10-year, $5.5-million mortgage to restore monies to the unfinished St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church and National Shrine at Liberty Park, however the fresh funding was not expected to be enough to complete the project, whose cost had ballooned to $80 million.
On October 16, 2018, the Special Investigative Committee (SIC) released Phase II of the PricewaterhouseCoopers investigative report to the Archdiocese, along with a summary communication based on the report. It concluded that there was no evidence that St. Nicholas funds were improperly paid to any individuals employed by or associated with the Archdiocese, and no evidence or allegation that fraud was committed in connection with the St. Nicholas project. Rather, the cost overruns appear to have been the result of change orders agreed to by Archdiocese decision-makers to address architectural concerns or enhance the design of SNCNS. In addition, the Special Investigative Committee recommended that the St. Nicholas rebuilding effort be spearheaded by a new legal entity, the "Friends of St. Nicholas," which could be affiliated with, but would be independent from the Archdiocese, with separate bank accounts and an appropriately qualified board to do the fund-raising and oversee the project.
In April 2019, reports from New York Governor Andrew Cuomo's office said that he had assembled a team of seven millionaire and billionaire donors committed to putting up the money to complete the project. A keynote address of Archbishop Elpidophoros of America on October 17, 2019, stated that the building of the Church should re-commence immediately with the opening of the doors scheduled by September 11, 2021, the 20th anniversary of the September 11 attacks, as a tribute to those who perished, as well as a lead off to the centenary year of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. New York officials and the Port Authority estimated that the rebuilt church would be the most visited church in the United States.
Fundraising and the resumption of the work was slated to start by January 2020. A nonprofit group formed in January 2020 raised $41.5 million for construction within eight months. However, this work was paused due to a general construction hiatus caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City. On August 3, 2020, Governor Cuomo and Archbishop Elpidophoros attended a ceremony that was held to officially resume construction. The marble facade was installed in February 2021.
2022: opening
The St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church and National Shrine was officially consecrated on July 4, 2022. The consecration was celebrated jointly by Archbishop Elpidophoros (Lambriniadis), Metropolitan Nicholas (Pissare) of Detroit, and Metropolitan Savas (Zembillas) of Pittsburgh. The consecrated altar was signed by all of the GOARCH hierarchs who were present, as well as by the two living former Archbishops of America — Spyridon (Papageorge) and Demetrios (Trakatellis), including Protopresbyter Alexander Karloutsos, together with Metropolitan Emmanuel (Adamakis) (el) of Chalcedon and Metropolitan Prodromos (Xenakes) (el) of Rethymnon (Crete), who were representing the Patriarchate of Constantinople. The church fully opened for regular services on December 6, 2022, the Feast of Saint Nicholas.
Architecture critic Justin Davidson wrote for Curbed that the new church was "a refined pocket project", especially as compared with the much larger World Trade Center Transportation Hub, also designed by Santiago Calatrava. Davidson said, "The dense white nugget of St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church presides over the memorial plaza from a raised platform at the southern end, and it suggests that maybe Calatrava was always a religious architect disguised as a transportation engineer."
Notes
References
External links
Wired New York article and forum thread on the church, including pictures
1916 establishments in New York (state)
2022 establishments in New York City
Buildings and structures destroyed in the September 11 attacks
Byzantine Revival architecture in New York City
Churches completed in 1916
Churches completed in 2022
Churches in Manhattan
Demolished buildings and structures in Manhattan
Demolished churches in New York City
Greek Orthodox churches in New York City
Santiago Calatrava structures
World Trade Center |
"Small Town Girl" is a song written by John Barlow Jarvis and Don Cook, and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in December 1986 as the first single from the album It's a Crazy World. The song was Wariner's fifth number one country single. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of 24 weeks on the chart.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
1987 singles
1986 songs
Steve Wariner songs
Songs written by Don Cook
Song recordings produced by Jimmy Bowen
Song recordings produced by Tony Brown (record producer)
MCA Records singles
Songs written by John Barlow Jarvis |
Dead End: Paranormal Park is an American animated fantasy horror comedy streaming television series created by Hamish Steele for Netflix, which is based on the graphic novels series DeadEndia by Steele and Cartoon Hangover's Too Cool! Cartoons web short Dead End. Produced by Blink Industries, the series premiered on June 16, 2022. A second and final season premiered on October 13, 2022. On January 13, 2023, Steele announced that the series had been canceled.
Premise
The series follows Barney and Norma, the newest employees at their local theme park, Phoenix Parks, a Dollywood-esque park created by the famous celebrity Pauline Phoenix. Joined by Pugsley, Barney's childhood dog, and Courtney, a thousand-year-old demon, they discover the world of the Paranormal as well as learning new things about themselves.
Plot
Barney Guttman, voiced by Zach Barack, is the main protagonist of the series. He is a gay transgender teen boy who finds a new job as a security guard of Phoenix Parks. Barney has family problems. His grandmother doesn't accept the fact that he is trans. While it hasn't been made clear what his grandmother said to him, it was shown to be very hurtful. Barney's parents accept him for who he is, but do nothing when his grandmother begins verbally abusing him. Shortly after starting at his new job, Barney secretly moves in the Haunted House attraction with his dog, Pugsley. On the same day, Norma Khan is also starting her new job at Phoenix Parks as part of the security team. Norma is a 17-year-old autistic Pakistani-American girl who is obsessed with all things Pauline Phoenix. Norma is very socially anxious, dreading social interaction and has been shown to have panic attacks when overwhelmed.
After walking to the haunted house and entering, they meet Courtney, a demon who disguises herself as part of the attraction. Courtney is taking orders from Temeluchus, a member of the demon royal family. Temeluchus needs a vessel to interact with the world and tasks Courtney to bring them Barney. After Barney's dog Pugsley realizes this, he jumps in front of Barney and ends up getting possessed instead of Barney. He flies to an attraction in Camelot Creek to claim a throne.
Barney's scared that Pugsley might get hurt, so he walks to the attraction. Norma follows him after doubting a bit. Norma gets an idea from an old Pauline Phoenix film where a demon soul is captured by taking a photograph. When they both arrive at Camelot Creek, Norma turns on the attraction and Barney hops in a boat for Temeluchus/Pugsley follow, Tempting the demon with his body as a vessel instead of his dogs. The plan works along fine, but then Temeluchus realizes the duo's plan turns the camera away from him using magic. Norma then succeeds in turning the camera back. They then capture the soul and head back to the haunted house.
When they get to the haunted house, Barney and Norma give the photograph to Courtney, who is sad because Temeluchas promised to return her to her home, but happy not to be taking any more orders. Courtney realizes that part of Temeluchas is missing from the photo. Pugsley still has a bit of Temeluchus inside him, because of this he has gained the ability to talk, use magic and easily walk on two legs.
There are more secrets and mysteries at Phoenix Parks, Will our new friends survive what they are in store for?
Cast and characters
Zach Barack as Barney Guttman, an 17-year-old gay transgender boy.
Kody Kavitha as Norma Khan, a 17-year-old bisexual and autistic Pakistani-American girl who works with Barney.
Alex Brightman as Pugsley, Barney's pug. As a result of being possessed by a demon king called Temeluchus, he can speak and possesses magical abilities.
Brightman also plays Temeluchus and The Watcher.
Emily Osment as Courtney, a thousand-year-old demon. She has been banished from her home and hopes to find a way to return.
Clinton Leupp as Pauline Phoenix, a famous actress who is the former owner of Phoenix Parks.
Kenny Tran as Logan "Logs" Nguyen, a health and safety officer at the park. He is a gay Vietnamese-American who develops feelings for Barney.
Kathreen Khavari as Badyah "Deathslide" Hassan, Norma's gentle and friendly best friend. She is Iranian-American and Muslim.
Michaela Jaé Rodriguez as Zagan, a vampiric demon, and Temeluchus' sister and fellow demon king
Karen Maruyama as Barborah Winslow, one of Pauline Phoenix's former hosts and current owner of Phoenix Parks.
Patrick Stump as Josh, a security guard at the park.
Tucker Chandler as Patrick Guttman, Barney's younger brother.
Kaitlyn Robrock as Roxanne Guttman, Barney's mother.
Natasha Chandel as Swati Khan, Norma's mother.
Cee Nelson as Vince, one of Patrick's friends.
Angelica Ross and Samantha Jayne as Margie and Marly, an old Lesbian couple.
Bill Farmer as Chester Phoenix, one of Pauline Phoenix's ex-husbands.
Z Infante as Jules, a non-binary ghost.
Kemah Bob as Henrietta, an orb ghost.
Jamie Demetriou as Fingers, a serpentine angel resembling a giant arm sent from the fourth plane to watch over Pugsley.
Taylor Gibson as Asmodeus, a demon wrestler.
Haley Joel Osment as Danny, a fallen angel worker.
Piotr Michael as Pael, the Head Angel of the fourth plane.
Production, development, and release
On 17 August 2020, Steele explained how the show changed from its original iteration on Cartoon Hangover in 2014, and the graphic novels that followed it, stating that he is grateful for showrunners who fought for LGBTQ characters in their shows, adding that there was "absolutely no pushback from Netflix about representation", while describing Barney as a trans male character. He also hoped that the show will help out "more trans creators getting their chance to tell their stories" while hinting at other LGBTQ characters in the show apart from Barney. In another interview, he was thankful to Netflix executives for letting them have diversity in the show while pushing for it, and pushing him to "tell the story I want to tell". He stated that all the scripts were reviewed by GLAAD and said he couldn't wait for people to know Barney. Jen Rudin was a casting executive for the show.
Julian Guidetti is the show's composer, and features original songs written by Patrick Stump. In January 2023, he revealed that the series was pitched to Netflix in 2019, and that the series wasn't a "word-for-word adaptation" of the comics he had written.
The series was scheduled to premiere in 2021. The series was originally scheduled for a Fall 2021 premiere on Netflix.
In August 2021, Steele noted the importance of trans representation in the series, hoped it took a stance against transphobia in the UK, and noted there are "multiple trans cast and crew". On 23 October 2021, Netflix reserved a trademark with the new name for the series: "Dead End: Paranormal Park".
On 19 May 2022, the show's trailer premiered and confirmed the show would premiere on 16 June 2022. Mey Rude of Out stated that the trailer gives a "great look at the show" and said that the show features queer and trans characters, addressing these identities "through important storylines".
The first season premiered June 16, 2022.
In July 2022, after the show's release, Steele argued that the series was a young adult animation like Infinity Train and hoped for the expansion of the genre in the future. On 6 September 2022, a second season was confirmed to be released on October 13. The second season premiered on October 13. On 13 January 2023, Steele announced that Netflix has cancelled the series.
On 17 January 2023, Steele wrote a guest column in Gizmodo, saying that the cancellation meant that "the story cannot conclude on screen" and added that "politics of TV production" means that creators are "never guaranteed to end things on your terms", differentiating it from writing webcomics and graphic novels.
Episodes
Season 1 (2022)
Season 2 (2022)
Reception
The series was received positively. David Opie of Digital Spy argued that the series satiates the "endless need for adorable queer animation" and noting other animated series with queer-inclusive stories. Abbey White of The Hollywood Reporter said the series isn't "typical" for animated series, noted the "racially-, gender- and sexuality-diverse cast" and argued the series smashes genres and is "equal parts comedy, horror and coming of age." Ben Mitchell, the editor-in-chief of Skwigly called the series a "horror comedy...for younger audiences" and praised the well-developed characters and "incredible attention to detail" in production design. Reuben Baron of Paste called the series "groundbreaking" and argued that U.S. senators Roger Marshall, Mike Lee, Mike Braun, Steve Daines, and Kevin Cramer demanded new content warnings because the series centers on a trans protagonist. Baron criticized the series for not capturing the "visual charm" of the DeadEndia comic and saying the series "tones down" some themes from the comic while praising the writing and treatment of autism in the series.
Jade King of The Gamer argued that the series is "delightfully queer" and said it comes together in a "warm, comforting, and spooky animated adventure". She also praised the show's character development and said the show shouldn't be overlooked. Charles Pulliam-Moore of The Verge called the series a "shining example" of what queer creators can do "when given the resources and freedom to tell their own stories", said its existence is evident in the impact of "other recent progressively minded cartoons" on modern animation and hoped that Netflix renewed the series. Kristy Puchko of Mashable called it a "kinetic and heartwarming adventure cartoon" which delivers on LGBTQ representation and is true to the source material. Barry Levitt of The Daily Beast called the series a "incredibly fun journey" with bright and inviting "colors and charming character designs filling every frame" and said it is a "miracle" the series is coming out, with rising transphobic rhetoric.
References
External links
Dead End: Paranormal Park on IMDb
Production website
2022 American television series debuts
2022 American television series endings
2020s American animated television series
2020s American horror comedy television series
2020s American LGBT-related comedy television series
2020s American supernatural television series
2020s American workplace comedy television series
2022 British television series debuts
2022 British television series endings
2020s British animated television series
2020s British horror television series
2020s British LGBT-related comedy television series
2020s British workplace comedy television series
American children's animated comedy television series
American children's animated fantasy television series
American children's animated horror television series
Amusement parks in fiction
Animated series based on comics
Animated television series about dogs
Animated television series about ghosts
Anime-influenced Western animated television series
Autism in television
British children's animated comedy television series
British children's animated fantasy television series
British children's animated horror television series
British horror comedy television series
Dark fantasy television series
Demons in television
English-language Netflix original programming
Netflix children's programming
Teen animated television series
Television series by Netflix Animation
Television shows based on comics
Television shows based on webcomics
Transgender-related television shows
LGBT-related animated series
Gay-related television shows
Bisexuality-related television series
Television series about demons
Television series about vacationing
2020s American LGBT-related animated television series
Television episodes set in amusement parks
LGBT speculative fiction television series |
"Chapter 6" is the sixth episode of the first season of the American cable television series Legion, based on the Marvel Comics character David Haller, and connected to the X-Men film series. The episode was written by co-producer Nathaniel Halpern and directed by Hiro Murai. It originally aired on FX on March 15, 2017.
The series follows David Haller, a "mutant" diagnosed with schizophrenia at a young age. Struggling to differentiate reality from fantasy, Haller tries to control his mutant powers and the sinister forces trying to control them while evading a government agency. In the episode, the team finds itself as patients of the Clockworks Psychiatric Hospital hallucination, with Lenny acting as their therapist.
According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 0.732 million household viewers and gained a 0.3 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Murai's directing and Aubrey Plaza's performance, but criticized the pacing, lack of progress and character development.
Plot
In the Clockworks hallucination, Lenny (Aubrey Plaza) acts as a psychiatrist to the team, convincing them to open up more about their problems. Melanie (Jean Smart) struggles in letting go of her husband; Ptonomy (Jeremie Harris) is haunted by the memory of his mother's death; Cary (Bill Irwin) and Kerry (Amber Midthunder) open up about their body sharing experience; Walter (Mackenzie Gray) feeling slower than common people; and Syd (Rachel Keller) struggles with her perception of reality.
As Syd wanders around the hospital, is revealed that Amy (Katie Aselton) is now a nurse working at Clockworks. David (Dan Stevens) is also a patient, but like the rest of the team, is unaware of the nature of the hospital. They then start re-enacting part of David's life at Clockworks, with small differences. Syd starts questioning the veracity of the place and her real memories come back. However, Lenny uses music therapy to place her in a coma with headphones and prevent her from warning anyone, locking her in David's childhood bedroom.
While sleeping, Cary is visited by Oliver in the diving suit, who takes him to the astral plane, vanishing from Clockworks. Kerry desperately tries to search for Cary, only to be taunted by Walter. Oliver also visits Melanie, guiding her to David's childhood home where their bodies remain frozen in time. Oliver disappears, instructing Melanie to save David and Syd, who were going to be shot by Walter's bullets. Melanie struggles in moving David and Syd from their positions. Suddenly, the wall reveals two eyes staring at her.
David confronts Lenny for answers on Syd's disappearance. Lenny then taunts David, revealing that she met his biological father and suggests they could team up to reach their power potential, revealing herself to be a form of the Devil with Yellow Eyes. Deeming him too weak to help her, Lenny locks David inside a casket inside his own mind. At David's childhood bedroom, the man in the diving suit takes off Syd's headphones, waking her up. The man reveals himself to be Cary.
Production
Development
In February 2017, it was reported that the sixth episode of the season would be titled "Chapter 6", and was to be directed by Hiro Murai and written by co-producer Nathaniel Halpern. This was Halpern's second writing credit, and Murai's first directing credit.
Reception
Viewers
In its original American broadcast, "Chapter 6" was seen by an estimated 0.732 million household viewers and gained a 0.3 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. This means that 0.3 percent of all households with televisions watched the episode. This was a 8% decrease in viewership from the previous episode, which was watched by 0.795 million viewers with a 0.4 in the 18-49 demographics.
Critical reviews
"Chapter 6" received mixed reviews from critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 65% approval rating with an average rating of 7.4/10 for the episode, based on 17 reviews. The site's consensus states: "Hiro Murai's direction injects 'Chapter 6' with stylistic flourishes, yet Legions return to the Clockworks Psychiatric Hospital ultimately succumbs to a sense of stasis."
Scott Collura of IGN gave the episode an "amazing" 9.1 out of 10 and wrote in his verdict, "Another strong episode for Legion proves that Noah Hawley's show is not a one-trick mutant pony, but can find continued substance amid its visual and aural flair while also putting together the pieces of its narrative puzzle in a satisfying way."
Danette Chavez of The A.V. Club gave the episode an "A-" grade and wrote, "Hiro Murai directed this episode, bringing his Atlanta and Childish Gambino sensibilities, and just crushed it. The interlude worked as seamlessly as the Bollywood number from the premiere."
Alan Sepinwall of Uproxx wrote, "Placing characters in an asylum and telling them that everything they've experienced in the series to that point isn't real is among the oldest, hoariest of TV cliches. It can have value if done right, and Legion, with its focus on the mental health of its main character, is more entitled to use it than most, but it's still a drag, and one that feels like a way to stall the story that Hawley and company are telling across these first eight episodes." Kevin P. Sullivan of Entertainment Weekly wrote, "When the fact that David is upset can mean terrible things for those around him, the stuff that makes the character who he is allowed to drive the story like plot. 'Chapter 6' is a really good example of that." Oliver Sava of Vulture gave the episode a 2 star rating out of 5 and wrote, "This week's Legion returns to Clockworks Psychiatric Hospital and stays there far too long. The pacing for this series has been inconsistent... but the narrative has never lagged like it does in 'Chapter 6.'"
Sean T. Collins of The New York Times wrote, "Given the momentum the show had built as David gained control of his powers and then had them violently seized by his nemesis, devoting a full episode to this sense of stasis is a real shame." Nick Harley of Den of Geek gave the episode a 4 star rating out of 5 and wrote, "I still have a million questions, like who exactly is Lenny and did she really die in Clockworks like tonight's little flashback suggests, but I try to silence them like David blocking out the voices of others in his head. With season two of Legion now assured, I'll just sit back, bask in the ambiguity, and enjoy the ride." Katherine Siegel of Paste gave the episode a 6 rating out of 10 and wrote, "I guess it was bound to happen eventually. The honeymoon is officially over, and all those adorable little quirks that once made Legion so endearing now appear pointless, like an ex who tells the same joke over and over. It was funny the first five times, honey, but now I'm starting to worry if you really don't know why the chicken crossed the road."
Accolades
TVLine named Aubrey Plaza as the "Performer of the Week" for the week of March 18, 2017, for her performance in the episode. The site wrote, "As mischievous sidekick Lenny on FX's mind-bending superhero drama Legion, Plaza often taps into that rich vein of cynical sarcasm that served her so well as April Ludgate on Parks and Recreation. But when Legion switched gears this week, it allowed Plaza to show off a whole new side to Lenny. (Two or three sides, really.)"
References
External links
Legion (TV series) episodes
2017 American television episodes
Television episodes directed by Hiro Murai |
The 1955 Humboldt State Lumberjacks football team represented Humboldt State College—now known as California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt—as a member of the Far Western Conference (FWC) during the 1955 college football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Phil Sarboe, the Lumberjacks compiled an overall record of 7–3–1 with a mark of 2–2–1 in conference play, placing fourth in the FWC, and outscored their opponents 254–171 for the season. The team played home games at the Redwood Bowl in Arcata, California.
Schedule
Notes
References
Humboldt State
Humboldt State Lumberjacks football seasons
Humboldt State Lumberjacks football |
```c
/*
* Bitfield
*
* This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
* See README for more details.
*/
#include "includes.h"
#include "common.h"
#include "bitfield.h"
struct bitfield {
u8 *bits;
size_t max_bits;
};
struct bitfield * bitfield_alloc(size_t max_bits)
{
struct bitfield *bf;
bf = os_zalloc(sizeof(*bf) + (max_bits + 7) / 8);
if (bf == NULL)
return NULL;
bf->bits = (u8 *) (bf + 1);
bf->max_bits = max_bits;
return bf;
}
void bitfield_free(struct bitfield *bf)
{
os_free(bf);
}
void bitfield_set(struct bitfield *bf, size_t bit)
{
if (bit >= bf->max_bits)
return;
bf->bits[bit / 8] |= BIT(bit % 8);
}
void bitfield_clear(struct bitfield *bf, size_t bit)
{
if (bit >= bf->max_bits)
return;
bf->bits[bit / 8] &= ~BIT(bit % 8);
}
int bitfield_is_set(struct bitfield *bf, size_t bit)
{
if (bit >= bf->max_bits)
return 0;
return !!(bf->bits[bit / 8] & BIT(bit % 8));
}
static int first_zero(u8 val)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
if (!(val & 0x01))
return i;
val >>= 1;
}
return -1;
}
int bitfield_get_first_zero(struct bitfield *bf)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < (bf->max_bits + 7) / 8; i++) {
if (bf->bits[i] != 0xff)
break;
}
if (i == (bf->max_bits + 7) / 8)
return -1;
i = i * 8 + first_zero(bf->bits[i]);
if (i >= bf->max_bits)
return -1;
return i;
}
``` |
The Dragoman of the Fleet (; ) was a senior office in the Ottoman Empire, held by Phanariote Greeks during the 18th and early 19th centuries. As the chief deputy of the Kapudan Pasha, the Dragoman of the Fleet played a leading role in the administration of the various autonomous communities of the islands and coasts of the Aegean Sea that fell within the Eyalet of the Archipelago.
History
The office was established in 1701, in emulation of the Grand Dragoman of the Sublime Porte, which was also reserved for Phanariotes. Indeed, the post of Dragoman of the Fleet often served as a stepping-stone to that of Grand Dragoman. The dragoman (the term means 'interpreter') had to be proficient in the "three languages" () of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish that were commonly used in the empire, as well as a number of foreign languages (usually French and Italian), but his role went far beyond a mere interpreter. He was the official intermediary between the Kapudan Pasha, the commander-in-chief of the Ottoman navy who was also governor of the Eyalet of the Archipelago, and the mostly Greek and Christian islanders and inhabitants of the shores of the Aegean Sea during the annual expeditions of the Ottoman fleet for the collection of the taxes, as well as the resolution of administrative problems. The post also entailed responsibilities for shipbuilding and naval operations.
The proceeds of the office were considerable, to the tune of 150,000 , and led to intense competition among the Phanariotes to fill it. This competition involved extensive bribery of Ottoman officials, which was then recuperated from the Christian population by a special levy known as 'contribution to the new dragoman' (). As the office often changed hands with great frequency, this became a great burden on the ordinary people. The dragoman also had a staff, which was also paid from impositions on the islands: a deputy (Turkish , Greek ), a correspondence secretary, and a messenger.
Their role in the administration of the Aegean islands was considerable, as they had the right to apportion taxation, as well as supervise the autonomous local administrations by judging cases themselves or appointing appeal judges. They could impose various fines and penalties, up to the death penalty, which however required the consent of the Kapudan Pasha. Apart from their administrative duties, the dragomans actively promoted education, made donations to churches, codified the customary law of the islands, and intervened in disputes between Orthodox and Catholic islanders.
List of Dragomans of the Fleet
References
Sources
Further reading
Phanariotes
1701 establishments in the Ottoman Empire
1821 disestablishments in the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Greece
Dragoman of the Fleet
Government of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Navy |
Mengsi () is a town in Linyi County, Dezhou, in northwestern Shandong province, China.
References
Township-level divisions of Shandong |
The 2013 CAF Champions League Final was the final of the 2013 CAF Champions League, the 49th edition of Africa's premier club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and the 17th edition under the current CAF Champions League format.
The final was contested in two-legged home-and-away format between Orlando Pirates of South Africa and Al-Ahly of Egypt. The first leg was hosted by Orlando Pirates at the Orlando Stadium in Johannesburg on 2 November 2013, while the second leg was hosted by Al-Ahly at the Osman Ahmed Osman Stadium in Cairo on 10 November 2013. The winner earned the right to represent the CAF at the 2013 FIFA Club World Cup, entering at the quarterfinal stage, as well as play in the 2014 CAF Super Cup against the winner of the 2013 CAF Confederation Cup.
After the first leg ended in a 1–1 draw, Al-Ahly won the second leg 2–0, and were crowned African club champions for a record eighth time.
Qualified teams
In the following table, finals until 1996 were in the African Cup of Champions Club era, since 1997 were in the CAF Champions League era.
Background
Al-Ahly were the defending champions, and also the most successful club in the African Champions Cup/CAF Champions League, reaching a total of nine finals, winning seven (1982, 1987, 2001, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2012) and losing two (1983, 2007).
Orlando Pirates were the only South African club to have been crowned African club champion, having won the final in 1995.
The two teams had met in the group stage, with Orlando Pirates winning in Egypt 3–0, then earning a goalless draw at home on the last matchday against an already-qualified Al-Ahly to clinch a spot in the semifinals.
Venues
Orlando Stadium
Orlando Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium, in Soweto, a suburb of Johannesburg, in Gauteng province in South Africa. It is home venue for Orlando Pirates Football Club.
It is currently used mostly for football matches, as the home stadium of Orlando Pirates FC of the Premier Soccer League, and was intended to be utilized, as a training field, for teams participating in the 2010 FIFA World Cup after it was completely rebuilt and reopened on 22 November 2008. In addition to the stadium capacity of 36,761 people, there is an auditorium for 200 people, 120 hospitality suites, a gymnasium and a conference centre.
The stadium was originally built for the Johannesburg Bantu Football Association and it had a seating capacity of 24,000 and cost £37,500 to construct. It was opened by the Minister for Bantu development, MC de Wet Nel, and Ian Maltz who was then Mayor of Johannesburg on 2 May 1959.
Although intended for football the stadium has been used for concerts by the Jazz musicians Molombo and by the O'Jays. Boxing matches were also staged including the 1975 victory of Elijah ‘Tap Tap' Makhathini over the world welterweight and middleweight champion Emile Griffith.
Osman Ahmed Osman Stadium
Osman Ahmed Osman Stadium, also known as the Arab Contractors Stadium or Al Mokawloon Al Arab Stadium, is a multi-use stadium in Cairo, Egypt. It is currently used mostly for football matches. It is the home stadium of Al Mokawloon Al Arab.
The stadium has a capacity of 35,000 spectators.
In fact, Al Ahly’s management decided to play the match in this stadium because the El Gouna Stadium in which it played its previous matches was not eligible to host the Champions League final, in addition to the Egyptian authorities ’decision not to play the game in the Cairo International Stadium due to the Port Said Stadium riot.
Road to final
Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first.
Format
The final was played on a home-and-away two-legged basis. If the sides were level on aggregate after the second leg, the away goals rule was applied, and if still level, the tie proceeded directly to a penalty shoot-out (no extra time was played).
Matches
First leg
Second leg
References
External links
2013
Final
Orlando Pirates F.C. matches
Al Ahly SC matches |
Muazu was Sultan of Sokoto from 6 April 1877 to 26 September 1881. He was the son of Sultan Muhammed Bello and his wife, Aisha bin Umar al-Kammu.
Life
Muazu lived in Sokoto town before his election and was the first Sultan not to command a ribat on the frontier. He was picked as Sultan over his brother Sa'id based on his seniority. During his reign, he faced a hostile Sabon Birni which Bawa, the emir of Gobir and previous Sultans had subdued, he concentrated on retaking the town but was unsuccessful.
References
Sultans of Sokoto |
Interstellar is a 2014 epic science fiction film directed by Christopher Nolan. A co-production between the United States and the United Kingdom, Nolan wrote the screenplay with his brother Jonathan and produced it with wife Emma Thomas. The film follows a group of astronauts who travel through a wormhole near Saturn in search of a new home for mankind. It stars Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway, Jessica Chastain, Bill Irwin, Ellen Burstyn, John Lithgow, Michael Caine, Casey Affleck, and Matt Damon. It was released to generally positive reviews for its screenplay, direction, themes, visual effects, musical score, emotional depth, acting, and ambition.
Interstellar garnered awards and nominations in various categories, including an Academy Award, ASCAP Film and Television Music Award, British Academy Film Award, Critics' Choice Movie Award, and Visual Effects Society Award among others. It won various awards for best film, and Nolan received various nominations for his directorial role. Cinematographer Hoyte van Hoytema won second place in the 2014 Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Cinematography, and Nathan Crowley (production designer) was listed as the runner-up of the 2014 Best Art Direction/Production Design of the Florida Film Critics Circle, alongside Gary Fettis (set decorator). The cast of the film, namely McConaughey, Hathaway, and Chastain, also received accolades for their acting.
List
Notes
References
External links
Interstellar |
Sri Perungaraiyadi Meenda Ayyanar Temple (Tamil: ஸ்ரீ பெருங்காரையடி மீண்ட ஐயனார் கோவில்) is one of the famous temple in Pudukkottai District
, Tamil Nadu. It is located at Kulamangalam in Alangudi Taluk.
History
The temples history is dated back to 18th century. The exact year in which the temple is constructed is not known. The temple is currently maintained by the Tamil Nadu State Government.
Like in many Ayyanar temples, this temple also located in the border of the village as a means of securing and assuring wealth and health for all. The temple is in the bank of Villuni River.
An elephant idol facing opposite the horse idol
As per the researchers, there used to be a big Elephant idol facing opposite to the Horse idol in this Temple. This was considered one of the significance of this Temple, since it is very rare practice to construct an Elephant idol in an Ayyanar (The Horse) Temple that too facing opposite of the Horse idol. It was learned that during one of the heavy monsoon season, the flood in the Villuni River had completely destroyed the Elephant idol thus by leaving only the base of the Elephant idol. This temple take in Tamil Nadu government .
Worlds biggest horse idol
The Horse Idol is of mammoth 37 feet height with the front legs are in the Air and the others in the ground. The Idol is facing the South side. It's one of the finest creative of the ancient Tamilians. The structure is so unique in its construction and Devotees believe that it is the biggest Horse idol in the world.
Masi Magam festival
As in many other temples in the Tamil Nadu, a two days grant festival is celerabted during
Masi Magam or Masi Makam (It is one of the most important Tamil Hindu festival celebrated in the Tamil month of Masi, February – March by Tamilians).
Devotees from the nearby villages and from various part of the State gather in thousands on these days to workship the Ayyanar and get his blessings.
Though there are regular Pujas in the temple, considerable number of devotees visit on Monday and Friday of every week throughout the year.
Garland decorations
On these festival days, garland as big as the height of the Horse Idol wore to it by Devotees who had it as a promise upon realising their prayers. These garland are not made by natural flowers since it takes up to a week for a person to thread a one. The agents who specialised in making this huge garlands start advertising and accepting the orders two/three months before the festival itself.
This is a custom found nowhere else in the world. Every year there would be minimum more than 1000 garland, hence leaving only the Horse nose visible. Separate iron rods are built to hang the garland, thus by protecting the idol not damaged by the heavy weight.
Renovation 2010
The Temple is recently renovated by contributions from devotees and it was initiated by the former Alangudi MLA Mr. A. Venkatachalam along with support of the village people. A new Temple Mandapam is constructed to add to the beauty of ancient Kuthirai (The Horse) which also got re-painted as part this. After the renovation, the Maha Kumbhabhishekam happened on 22, May 2010.
References
Hindu temples in Pudukkottai district |
Nedra albiclava is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in South America, including and possibly restricted to its type location Peru.
References
Xyleninae |
ArtReview is an international contemporary art magazine based in London, founded in 1948. Its sister publication, ArtReview Asia, was established in 2013.
History
Launched as a fortnightly broadsheet in February 1949 by a retired country medical practitioner, Dr Richard Gainsborough, and the first edition was designed by his wife, the artist Eileen Mayo, Arts News and Review set out to champion contemporary art in Britain, providing its readers with commentary, news and reviews. At the outset its focus was set firmly on the artist – its regular cover ‘Portrait of the artist’ introduced its readership to emerging artists as well as reconnecting with the past masters of modernism from before the war. Cover artists included Édouard Manet, Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth and Lucian Freud. As its editorial would declare in 1954, Art News and Review's purpose was ‘to stimulate the criticism of contemporary art, to give to both painters and writers space they would never find elsewhere, and to endeavour to present a balanced and comprehensive picture of living art in twentieth-century Britain.’ Critics such as David Sylvester and John Berger, cut their teeth in its pages during the 1950s, as it covered the growing trend of abstract art, and the lively debates provoked by the arrival of American Abstract Expressionism, while Lawrence Alloway and Reyner Banham celebrated new attitude towards art that embraced science, industry and mass culture, elaborating the terms of what became known as ‘Pop’ art. In 1954 Henri Matisse wrote for the magazine.
Renaming itself Arts Review in March 1961, the magazine charted the advent of Pop art and the sharper look of ‘New Generation’ sculpture and hard-edge painting, while young critics like Brian Sewell balanced the merits of non-figurative art against socialist realism, and Jasia Reichardt, the assistant editor of the title, looked towards art's growing involvement with technology. By the end of the 1960s Arts Review was pondering the ‘unparalleled fragmentation’ in art, remarking that art ‘has still to find the power to draw communities together, and heal’.
Socially-minded young critics such as Richard Cork, Peter Fuller and Janet Daley would bring their voices to the complexities of conceptual art in the recession-hit 1970s, a period marked by a conservative backlash against contemporary art. Arts Review weathered the economic turmoil of a changing art market into the 1980s, widening its attention to the resurgent markets and cultures of craft and design, while following the turn towards the new figurative painting and sculpture that characterised art in Britain during the Thatcher decade.
By 1993 Arts Review had relaunched as the monthly magazine Art Review. Sensing a new, more youthful and irreverent mood taking shape in contemporary art, it put Gilbert & George on the cover, and drew a growing readership to the work of the 'Young British Artists’, towards the internationalising art world of the 2000s.
By 2006 ArtReview had reinvented itself once more, to grapple with the artistic product of an artworld now thriving not only in Britain, Europe and the US, but also in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Artists featured on the cover have included Yayoi Kusama, Subodh Gupta, Liam Gillick, Ai Weiwei, Thomas Hirschhorn, Keren Cytter, Steve McQueen, Yael Batana, Phyllida Barlow, Dóra Maurer, Tacita Dean, Danh Vo, Sarah Lucas, Fernanda Gomes, Ragnar Kjartansson, Geta Brătescu. In 2012 ArtReview published a special supplement on Brazilian art history, and has since expanded its coverage of the country's art scene. In 2018 it produced an issue looking at the legacy of the Situationists.
In June 2019, the magazine announced that Modern Media Holdings had acquired a majority stake in its publisher ArtReview Ltd.
Notable writers
Lawrence Alloway,
J. G. Ballard,
Reyner Banham,
Cecil Beaton,
Sister Wendy Beckett,
John Berger,
Nicolas Bourriaud,
Michael Bracewell,
Anita Brookner,
Jan Carew,
Matthew Collings,
Maurice Collis,
John Coplans,
Richard Cork,
Janet Daley,
Marie Darrieussecq,
Geoff Dyer,
Kenneth Frampton,
Peter Fuller,
Patrick Heron,
Anthony Hill,
Stewart Home,
Siri Hustvedt,
Liam Gillick,
Frederick Joss,
David Lee,
Henri Matisse,
Eileen Mayo,
Rosie Millard,
Eric Newton,
Victor Pasmore,
Nikolaus Pevsner,
Heather Phillipson,
Herbert Read,
Bryan Robertson,
Arundhati Roy,
Jasia Reichardt,
Brian Sewell,
David Sylvester,
Marina Vaizey,
Christian Viveros-Fauné,
and Max Wykes-Joyce.
Power 100
Since 2002 ArtReview has published its annual Power 100 list, a guide to the 100 most powerful figures in contemporary art. The list is compiled up an anonymous international committee of art world professionals. The magazine claims that the list is judged according to a person's ability to influence the type of art that is being produced today, play a role in shaping the public perspective of art, they have to have been active in the previous 12 months before the list is published and have to have an international rather than exclusively domestic influence.
In October 2011, the magazine was criticised by the Chinese government for placing Ai Weiwei at number one of that year's Power 100. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Weimin responded "China has many artists who have sufficient ability. We feel that a selection that is based purely on a political bias and perspective has violated the objectives of the magazine".
ArtReview Asia
ArtReview Asia was launched in 2013 as a quarterly magazine. Artists featured on the cover have included Lee Kit, Carsten Nicolai, Lee Bul, Ming Wong, Eko Nugroho, Cao Fei and Nalini Malani. Contributors include literary theorist Sung Ge, artist Heman Chong, novelist Prabda Yoon and novelist Charu Nivedita, who writes a regular column.
In 2016 and 2017 ArtReview Asia collaborated with the Shanghai art fair West Bund Art & Design to curate 'Xiàn Chǎng', a series of solo artist projects both within the fair around the local area.
Website
The website, artreview.com, was launched in 2007. The website features art news and opinion pieces, as well as content from the magazine.
References
External links
Visual arts magazines published in the United Kingdom
Contemporary art magazines
Magazines published in London
Magazines established in 1949 |
THX JHN is the third studio album by Johan released on May 22, 2006. The previous album, Pergola, was released five years earlier. Like all Johan albums, it is released on the Excelsior Recordings label.
Track listing
"Coming In From The Cold"
"Oceans"
"Walking Away"
"She's Got A Way With Men"
"Reader Takes A Stand"
"Tonight"
"When I'm On My Own"
"Any Other Guy"
"Out Of Reach"
"Staring At The Sun"
"You Know"
Johan (band) albums
2006 albums |
Babbacombe Model Village is a miniature village and railway located in Babbacombe in Torquay, Devon.
The model village was opened in 1963 by Tom & Ruth Dobbins, who had previously opened another model village at Southport in 1957.
Miniature landscape
The site is set on approximately 4 acres (1.6 ha). There are over 400 models along with 1,000 ft (300 m) of model train track in the village. The model village is primarily one town, an entirely fictional one, but many buildings within them are based on UK prototypes and landmarks (including Stonehenge and the Shard).
Names of shops and other features include humorous puns, such as Marks and Sparks, Woolies, Amanda Lofe - Home Baked Bread & Cakes, Ivor Faggot Butcher ('I've a faggot' - a reference to the traditional English meat dish), A. Kingbody Sports Centre ('Aching Body') and Terry Bull Gardening Service, Decorators ('Terrible').
The village also includes a model railway, castle and windmill.
Popular models
Some of the popular models at the village include the burning house, Stonehenge, the Shard, the EastEnders indoor scene and the dragon castle.
Media
The model village appeared in an episode of Holiday of My Lifetime in 2014 with Len Goodman and Matt Allwright. It also appeared on The One Show in the same year.
In 2019, the model village was used as a filming location for Don’t Forget the Driver.
Illuminations
In summer months, the Babbacombe Model Village is open until 10.30pm, weeknights with the village illuminations switched on. The Shard in the centre of the village is also lit up.
References
External links
Babbacombe Model Village website
Babbacombe Model Village at Devon Online
1963 establishments in England
Gardens in Devon
Miniature parks
Tourist attractions in Devon
Torquay |
Günther Lorenz (17 September 1915 – February 1999) was a German figure skater. He competed in the men's singles event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.
References
1915 births
1999 deaths
German male single skaters
Olympic figure skaters for Germany
Figure skaters at the 1936 Winter Olympics
Place of birth missing |
Ahmed Ali (born 15 October 1972) is a Ghanaian sprinter. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1972 births
Living people
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Ghanaian male sprinters
Olympic athletes for Ghana
Place of birth missing (living people)
African Games medalists in athletics (track and field)
African Games gold medalists for Ghana
Athletes (track and field) at the 1995 All-Africa Games |
Malise III of Strathearn (Gaelic: Maol Íosa; c. 12571312) was a Scottish nobleman, the ruler of the region of Strathearn.
He was the son of Malise II and his second wife Matilda, daughter of Gilbert, Earl of Orkney and Caithness. He succeeded his father on the latter's death in 1271, though for some reason he does not refer to himself as Earl until 1283, perhaps because he had not been formally infeft in the earldom.
Malise helped to keep the Kingdom of Scotland stable after the death of King Alexander, and in an example of his behaviour, he is recorded as levying the tenants of the land belonging to Inchaffray Abbey to help preserve the peace. In 1284 he had joined with other Scottish noblemen who acknowledged Margaret, Maid of Norway as the heir to Alexander.
In the interregnum following Margaret's death, Malise took a prominent part in state affairs, and was involved in most of the political events of the time. Perhaps because of his marriage into the House of Comyn, he took the side of John Balliol in his competition for the throne with Robert Bruce, and accompanied John at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296. Later he swore fealty to Edward I of England, and two of his sons were taken as hostages by that king, to ensure their father's good behaviour.
In 1297 he took the Earl of Fife's uncle as a prisoner for King Edward, along with his two sons. A close friend of the Prince of Wales (later King Edward II), he was invested in 1305 as Lieutenant of the Warden north of the Forth.
In 1306 he was ordered to take the sons of the Steward of Scotland and the Earl of Atholl as hostages, but before he could complete this task, he was imprisoned in Rochester Castle because of his alleged surrender to King Robert Bruce. According to Malise, King Robert and the Earl of Atholl had marched into Strathearn and deceived and coerced him into paying Robert homage. Notwithstanding this explanation, he remained imprisoned. On petition from the Earl's wife and sons, King Edward ordered an inquiry to be made, but nothing came of this. After having been transferred to York in 1307, he was finally acquitted and set free in 1310.
Malise was present on the English side when King Robert stormed Perth Castle in 1312. He died later the same year, and was entombed in Inchaffray Abbey, to the right of the high altar.
Marriage and issue
The Earl married a lady named Agnes, likely the second daughter of Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan. The Countess Agnes would later be imprisoned for life for conspiring against King Robert with her nephew William Soules. Malise and Agnes had three sons and a daughter:
Malise IV, succeeded as Earl
Gilbert, went with King Edward to Flanders in 1297, and may have died or been killed there
Robert, is recorded as having been imprisoned in the Tower of London with other Scottish youths in 1297. Nothing further is known of him
Matilda, married Robert de Toeni, Lord Toeni of Flamsted (1276–1309), son of Ralph de Toeni.
References
Anderson, Rev'd John, "The Ancient Earls of Strathearn", in Sir James Balfour Paul (ed.) The Scots Peerage, Volume VIII, (Edinburgh, 1911), pp. 247–50
Rymer, Thomas, Foedera Conventiones, Literae et cuiuscunque generis Acta Publica inter Reges Angliae. London. 1745. (Latin)
Neville, Cynthia J., Native Lordship in Medieval Scotland: The Earldoms of Strathearn and Lennox, c. 1140-1365, (Portland & Dublin, 2005)
External links
13th-century births
1317 deaths
Nobility from Perth and Kinross
Year of birth unknown
Place of birth unknown
Date of death unknown
Place of death unknown
Scottish people of the Wars of Scottish Independence
Mormaers of Strathearn
13th-century mormaers
14th-century Scottish earls |
The University of the Fraser Valley (UFV), formerly known as University College of the Fraser Valley and Fraser Valley College, is a Canadian public university with campuses in Abbotsford, Chilliwack, Mission and Hope, British Columbia. Founded in 1974 as Fraser Valley College, it was a response to the need for expanded vocational training in the communities of the Fraser Valley. In 1988, it became a university college, with degree-granting status. As the University College of the Fraser Valley, it grew rapidly, becoming one of the largest university colleges in Canada.
In recognition of the growing needs for higher education within the region and in the province, the provincial government granted full university status on 21 April 2008. Student enrolment is now over 15,000 students annually.
In the 2010 The Globe and Mail Canadian University Report, UFV earned the most "A Range" grades of any post-secondary institution in British Columbia, receiving A grades in quality of education, student–faculty interaction, and ease of registration.
History
Beginnings
In the 1960s, citizens of the Fraser Valley demanded a post-secondary educational facility within the Fraser Valley. In 1966, a proposal was rejected by the provincial government to found a junior college. Not to be swayed by this early defeat, supporters who wanted post-secondary representation lobbied to have a vocational school built. The proposed site for this vocational school was to be near the geographical centre of the Fraser Valley, on Lickman Road in Chilliwack. This proposal passed, and plans for the school were put into motion. However, with the election of a new provincial government in 1972, the school's development was put on hold. Communities again lobbied for continuation of this project, and so a special task force was appointed by the government to study the feasibility of a college in the Fraser Valley.
The task force recommended a comprehensive regional college, providing university transfer, career and vocational programs. A plebiscite was proposed to ask for taxpayer support on this endeavour, and passed with 89% in favour. In reaction to this strong show of support, the provincial government announced the establishment of Fraser Valley College on April 4, 1974.
Only a few months of planning went into the new college before it opened its doors in September 1974. Since no new facilities had yet been built, classes were held in church basements, public schools, commercially rented spaces, and the Coqualeetza Education Centre. Offices were set up in store fronts, community centres, and designated sections of public schools and school board offices. During its first year, Fraser Valley College enrolled 183 full-time and over 2,300 part-time students.
Expansion
With student and community support, the provincial government approved university college status for some institutions. Three community colleges were granted authority to offer baccalaureate degrees following a 1988 government initiative designed to increase access to degree programs in British Columbia. Three institutions–Malaspina, Cariboo and Okanagan–were renamed university colleges. Fraser Valley College received university college status in 1991 (July 3) after an intense community campaign advocating for third- and fourth-year programming for the Fraser Valley.
In September 1991, the administrative Board officially changed its name to the University College of the Fraser Valley. Initially, the university colleges offered degrees under the aegis of one or more of four provincial universities (Simon Fraser University, the University of British Columbia, the University of Victoria) and the Open University. In 1994, the University College of the Fraser Valley established an undergraduate degree in adult education. In 1995, the university colleges were awarded the authority to grant degrees in their own right.
University status
On April 21, 2008, the Provincial Government announced its intention to amend the University Act at the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia to upgrade UCFV into a full university, called University of the Fraser Valley (UFV). The legislation renaming the University College to University received Royal Assent on May 29, 2008. The university officially began operation under the new name on September 1, 2008. The University of the Fraser Valley is presently ranked as the 57th best university in Canada and the 1824st best university worldwide.
Governance and academics
The administration of UFV, as mandated by the University Act, is composed of a chancellor, convocation, board, senate, and faculties of the university. The Board of Governors is responsible for the management of property and revenue, while the Senate is vested with managing the academic operation of the university. Both are composed of faculty and students who are elected to the position. Degrees and diplomas are conferred by the convocation, which is composed of alumni, administrators, and faculty, with a quorum of twenty members. UFV also has a President, who is a chief executive officer of the university and a member of the Senate, Board of Governors, Convocation, and also serves as Vice Chancellor. The President of the University is responsible for managing the academic operation of the university, including recommending appointments, calling meetings of faculties, and establishing committees.
Faculties and schools
UFV's academic activity is organized into "faculties", and "schools". Currently, the university has seven faculties and three schools. The College of Arts houses the two largest faculties (Humanities and Social Sciences) with sixteen departments, followed by the Faculty of Applied and Technical Studies, while the Faculty of Science has four departments, and the Faculty of Health Sciences has five programs.
Research
UFV is home to ten research centres and institutes; additionally, the Chilliwack Campus is the site of the new BC Centre of Excellence for Agriculture. Much of the research conducted at UFV, in particular through the activities of centres such as the Centre for Food and Farmland Innovation and the South Asian Studies Institute, focuses on issues of regional concern.
There are three Canada Research Chairs at UFV: Lenore Newman holds the Canada Research Chair in Food Security and the Environment; Keith Thor Carlson holds the Canada Research Chair in Indigenous and Community Engaged History; Cindy Jardine holds the Canada Research Chair in Health and Community. Additionally, Irwin Cohen holds an RCMP Senior Research Chair in Crime Reduction.
UFV is designated a Special Purpose, Teaching University under the University Act, with a mandate to focus on regional undergraduate education. However, faculty members are also actively engaged in research, and UFV places major emphasis on providing research opportunities for undergraduate students and training in research skills. Students have opportunities to apply for grants and lead research projects, to co-author papers with professors, and to present papers at international conferences. UFV also promotes and recognizes student research through its Undergraduate Research Excellence Award program.
Enrolment
In 2009/2010, the UFV individual student count (including Continuing Studies) was 15,446, including approximately 13,000 mainly undergraduate students. UFV's region has a rapidly expanding population that totaled 257,031 in 2006. Enrolment continues to grow. UFV exceeded the Ministry of Higher Education and Labour Market Development's funded target for 2009/10 of 6,859 student spaces by 104%.
Funding
Operating funding for UFV has increased by $19.8 million, from $33.5 million in 2001/02 to $53.3 million in 2010/11 – a 59.1 per cent increase.
Programs
UFV offers master's degrees, bachelor's degrees, associate degrees, diplomas, certificates and citations across a wide range of programs in fine arts, humanities, science, social sciences, applied communication, business, nursing, as well as technical and trade programs.
Program transferability
UFV offers many transferable courses to other educational institutions, which often lead to direct transfers into second-year or third-year studies at other post secondary institutions. To aid in this, UFV is a part of the BC Transfer Guide Website, a resource for planning and understanding transfer in the BC post-secondary education system.
Campuses
Abbotsford
The Abbotsford campus was UFV's first permanent campus, and opened its doors in 1983. A new building, containing the main institution library, First Heritage Computer Access Centre, and other instructional and support areas, was opened in the fall of 1996. In 1997, D Building, featuring classrooms, laboratories, and offices was opened. In 2002, the student activity centre and first gymnasium were opened. 2007 brought the opening of UFV's first student residence—Baker House, as well as an expanded gymnasium facility, with the ability to seat 1,500 people.
In 1978, trades programs started with a carpentry program. Initially, this program was run from Portage Avenue in Chilliwack. At the time, the land belonged to the Chilliwack School District, and the Ministry of Advanced Education funded the building of the carpentry shop. Originally, this shop was supposed to be handed over to the Chilliwack School District after 5 years, but it took nearly 12 years to secure the funding to build a replacement shop in Abbotsford. Other trades programs were based at the Abbotsford campus in Building C. In 1991, UCFV moved all trades programs to the Abbotsford campus. In 2007, UFV Trades and Technology programs moved into newly renovated facilities at the new Canada Education Park on the former Canadian Forces Base Chilliwack. Most programs and services based in Chilliwack moved to the new campus at CEP in 2012.
Chilliwack campus at Canada Education Park
The South Chilliwack Campus is located at Canada Education Park (CEP). It houses the Trades and Technology Centre, which opened in 2009, the Faculty of Health Sciences building and the Agriculture Centre of Excellence, which opened in May and September 2012 respectively.
UFV Five Corners
In 2012, the university announced plans to open a satellite campus with a focus on programming related to business development and training in the Five Corners neighbourhood in Downtown Chilliwack. UFV Five Corners was located in a building donated to the university by Bank of Montreal. In 2018 it was shut down, and the building was leased out to the Chilliwack Economic Partners Corporation.
Hope
The Hope centre is a regional centre, run in partnership with the Fraser-Cascade school district.
Mission
In 1975, a temporary campus was established in Mission, offering continuing education and adult basic education programs. In 1996, UFV and the Mission School District partnered to open the Heritage Park Centre. This centre acts as a UFV campus, middle school, community theatre and fitness centre, all contained within a single facility.
Chandigarh, India
UFV India is located in Chandigarh, India within the Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College Chandigarh (SD College) campus in Sector 32-C. This international location was founded in 2006 to provide an alternative study option for Indian students looking to study in Canada.
Formal discussions began in 2003 between Panjab University and University College of the Fraser Valley (as it was then known) on educational collaborations. This resulted in a MoU in 2004, which included exploration of curriculum development and faculty and student exchange. It was also at this time that the idea of delivering UFV academic programs in India took shape, and in 2006, UFV and Goswami Ganesh Dutta Sanatan Dharma College (an affiliate of Punjab University) signed an agreement to deliver the Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) program to Indian students at SD College.
Students who enrol in Canadian undergraduate programs UFV India choose from business, computer information systems, and liberal arts. After completing at least one full academic year, students have the option to apply for a campus transfer to the University of the Fraser Valley in Canada or other universities across Canada. Students transfer to Canada as a cohort or have the option to complete all four years of their Canadian undergraduate program at UFV India.
In addition to undergraduate programs, UFV India offers a pathway to a Master of Management (MoM) program at the University of Windsor. The Management Post-Baccalaureate Certificate Program is designed for Indian students with a three-year bachelor's degree who wish to pursue a master's degree in Canada. Students spend one-year at UFV India and then apply to the University of Windsor to complete their MoM.
The UFV India model allows students to stay close to home as they begin their international education. While in India, students are mentored by UFV India staff and faculty to develop skills relevant to succeeding in Canada.
Student life
Athletics
UFV is represented in U Sports by the UFV Cascades. The Envision Athletic Centre houses two gymnasiums, a fitness centre and change rooms.
In more than 25 years of varsity athletics, UFV has boasted a track record as one of the most decorated post-secondary athletic programs in the nation. The Cascades have amassed a total of three conference championships, 15 provincial championships, and have seen 129 student-athletes named provincial all-stars.
The UFV men's basketball team captured the school's first-ever conference title in 2000 and went on to take the title again in 2002, 2004, and 2006, giving them four conference championships in a seven-year span. The women's basketball team won five straight provincial championships, bringing their all-time total to ten.
UFV also offers non-competitive sports provided by clubs such as hip-hop dance, badminton, and cricket.
Residence
Opened in 2007, UFV has one student residence, Baker House, on the Abbotsford campus. It houses 102 suites with 204 bedrooms. Every suite contains a microwave and minifridge; however, meal plans can be purchased for $2,000, $1,500, or $1,000.
Student media
The Cascade, student newspaper
The Cascade is the University of the Fraser Valley's student-run paper, with offices located on the university's campus in Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada. While the paper's current era as The Cascade began in 1993, it began publication in the 1970s, under different names that would last only for a short number of years.
CIVL-FM, the campus radio station
Notable alumni
Lauren Southern (withdrew), political activist and YouTuber
Gwen O'Mahony – former MLA in the 39th Parliament of British Columbia
Notable professors
Hugh Brody – Canada Research Chair in Aboriginal Studies
Trevor Carolan
Ron Dart, political science
Kseniya Garaschuk, mathematics
See also
List of agricultural universities and colleges
List of universities in British Columbia
Higher education in British Columbia
Education in Canada
References
External links
UFV History
1974 establishments in British Columbia
Agricultural universities and colleges in Canada
Universities and colleges established in 1974
Universities in British Columbia
Vocational education in Canada |
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