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11,807 | # Ferromagnetism
## Materials
+----------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Material | Curie\ |
| | `{{abbr|temp.|temperature}}`{=mediawiki} (K) |
+================+==============================================+
| Co | 1388 ... | 793 | Ferromagnetism | 1 |
11,807 | # Ferromagnetism
## Explanation
The Bohr--Van Leeuwen theorem, discovered in the 1910s, showed that classical physics theories are unable to account for any form of material magnetism, including ferromagnetism; the explanation rather depends on the quantum mechanical description of atoms. Each of an atom\'s electrons... | 431 | Ferromagnetism | 2 |
11,807 | # Ferromagnetism
## Explanation
### Exchange interaction {#exchange_interaction}
When two nearby atoms have unpaired electrons, whether the electron spins are parallel or antiparallel affects whether the electrons can share the same orbit as a result of the quantum mechanical effect called the exchange interaction. T... | 764 | Ferromagnetism | 3 |
11,807 | # Ferromagnetism
## Explanation
### Magnetized materials {#magnetized_materials}
Thus, a piece of iron in its lowest energy state (\"unmagnetized\") generally has little or no net magnetic field. However, the magnetic domains in a material are not fixed in place; they are simply regions where the spins of the electro... | 454 | Ferromagnetism | 4 |
11,807 | # Ferromagnetism
## Explanation
### Curie temperature {#curie_temperature}
As the temperature of a material increases, thermal motion, or entropy, competes with the ferromagnetic tendency for dipoles to align. When the temperature rises beyond a certain point, called the Curie temperature, there is a second-order pha... | 195 | Ferromagnetism | 5 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
**Francesco Maurizio Cossiga** `{{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic|OMRI]]}}`{=mediawiki} (`{{IPA|it|franˈtʃesko kosˈsiːɡa|lang|It-Francesco Cossiga.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}; *Frantziscu Maurìtziu Còssiga*, `{{IPA|sc|ˈkosiɣa|IPA}}`{=mediawiki}; `{{Nowrap|26 July}}`{=mediawi... | 472 | Francesco Cossiga | 0 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
## Minister of the Interior {#minister_of_the_interior}
On 12 February 1976, Cossiga was appointed Minister of the Interior, by Prime Minister Moro. During his term he re-structured the Italian police, civil protection and secret services. Cossiga has been often described as a strongman and labele... | 404 | Francesco Cossiga | 1 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
## Minister of the Interior {#minister_of_the_interior}
### Kidnapping of Aldo Moro {#kidnapping_of_aldo_moro}
Cossiga was in office at the time of the kidnapping and murder of the Christian Democratic leader Aldo Moro by the Marxist-Leninist extreme-left terrorist group Red Brigades. On the morni... | 456 | Francesco Cossiga | 2 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
## Prime Minister of Italy {#prime_minister_of_italy}
One year after Moro\'s death and the subsequent Cossiga\'s resignation as Interior Minister, he was appointed Prime Minister of Italy. He led a government coalition composed of Christian Democrats, Socialists, Democratic Socialists, Republicans... | 391 | Francesco Cossiga | 3 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
## President of Italy {#president_of_italy}
In the 1985 presidential election, Cossiga was elected as President of Italy with 752 votes out of 977. His candidacy was endorsed by the Christian Democracy but supported also by communists, socialists, social democrats, liberals and republicans. This w... | 589 | Francesco Cossiga | 4 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
## After the presidency {#after_the_presidency}
According to the Italian Constitution, after his resignation from the office of President, Cossiga became Lifetime Senator, joining his predecessors in the upper house of Parliament, with whom he also shared the title of President Emeritus of the Ita... | 274 | Francesco Cossiga | 5 |
11,809 | # Francesco Cossiga
## Death and legacy {#death_and_legacy}
Cossiga died on 17 August 2010 from respiratory problems at the Agostino Gemelli Polyclinic. After his death, four letters written by Cossiga were sent to the four highest authorities of the state in office at the time of his death, President of the Republic... | 619 | Francesco Cossiga | 6 |
11,824 | # Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
**Frederick Augustus II** (*Friedrich August II.*; 18 May 1797 -- 9 August 1854) was King of Saxony and a member of the House of Wettin.
He was the eldest son of Maximilian, Prince of Saxony -- younger son of the Elector Frederick Christian of Saxony -- by his first wife, Caroline of... | 693 | Frederick Augustus II of Saxony | 0 |
11,824 | # Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
## Marriages
In Vienna on 26 September 1819 (by proxy) and again in Dresden on 7 October 1819 (in person), Frederick Augustus married firstly with the Archduchess Maria Caroline of Austria (Maria Karoline Ferdinande Theresia Josephine Demetria), daughter of Emperor Francis I of Austr... | 119 | Frederick Augustus II of Saxony | 1 |
11,844 | # GeekSpeak
**GeekSpeak** is a podcast with two to four hosts who focus on technology and technology news of the week. Though originally a radio tech call-in program, which first aired in 1998 on KUSP, GeekSpeak has been a weekly podcast since 2004.
The program\'s slogan is *\"Bridging the gap between geeks and the r... | 152 | GeekSpeak | 0 |
11,856 | # Gnutella
**Gnutella** is a peer-to-peer network protocol. Founded in 2000, it was the first decentralized peer-to-peer network of its kind, leading to other, later networks adopting the model.
In June 2005, Gnutella\'s population was 1.81 million computers increasing to over three million nodes by January 2006. In ... | 680 | Gnutella | 0 |
11,856 | # Gnutella
## Design
thumb\|upright=1.5\|alt=A diagram of Gnutella nodes and their connections.\|The gnutella search and retrieval protocol To envision how Gnutella originally worked, imagine a large circle of users *(called nodes),* each of whom has Gnutella client software. On initial startup, the client software m... | 1,156 | Gnutella | 1 |
11,856 | # Gnutella
## Protocol features and extensions {#protocol_features_and_extensions}
Gnutella once operated on a purely query flooding-based protocol. The outdated Gnutella version 0.4 network protocol employs five different packet types, namely:
- ping: discover hosts on network
- pong: reply to ping
- query: s... | 591 | Gnutella | 2 |
11,856 | # Gnutella
## Software
### Gnutella features {#gnutella_features}
Client Hash search Chat Buddy list Handles [large files](https://github.com/gtk-gnutella/gtk-gnutella/blob/devel/doc/public/GGEP/LF) (\> 4 GB) Unicode-compatible query routing UPnP port mapping NAT traversal NAT por... | 468 | Gnutella | 3 |
11,863 | # Gotland County
**Gotland County** (*Gotlands län*) is a county or *\[\[län\]\]* of Sweden. Gotland is located in the Baltic Sea to the east of Öland, and is the largest of Sweden\'s islands. Counties are usually sub-divided into municipalities, but Gotland County consists of only one county council, which also serve... | 473 | Gotland County | 0 |
11,932 | # Transport in Germany
As a densely populated country in a central location in Europe and with a developed economy, Germany has a dense transport infrastructure.
One of the first limited-access highway systems in the world to have been built, the extensive German Autobahn network has no general speed limit for light ... | 309 | Transport in Germany | 0 |
11,932 | # Transport in Germany
## Road and automotive transport {#road_and_automotive_transport}
### Overview
The volume of traffic in Germany, especially goods transportation, is at a very high level due to its central location in Europe. In the past few decades, much of the freight traffic shifted from rail to road, which... | 495 | Transport in Germany | 1 |
11,932 | # Transport in Germany
## Road and automotive transport {#road_and_automotive_transport}
### Roads
Germany has approximately 650,000 km of roads, of which 231,000 km are non-local roads. The road network is extensively used with nearly 2 trillion km travelled by car in 2005, in comparison to just 70 billion km travel... | 518 | Transport in Germany | 2 |
11,932 | # Transport in Germany
## Rail transport {#rail_transport}
### Overview {#overview_1}
Germany features a total of 43,468 km railways, of which at least 19,973 km are electrified (2014).
Deutsche Bahn (German Rail) is the major German railway infrastructure and service operator. Though Deutsche Bahn is a private com... | 1,094 | Transport in Germany | 3 |
11,932 | # Transport in Germany
## Rail transport {#rail_transport}
### Trams (Straßenbahn) {#trams_straßenbahn}
Germany was among the first countries to have electric streetcars, and Berlin has one of the longest tram networks in the world. Many West German cities abandoned their previous tram systems in the 1960s and 1970s ... | 283 | Transport in Germany | 4 |
11,932 | # Transport in Germany
## Air transport {#air_transport}
Short distances and the extensive network of motorways and railways make airplanes uncompetitive for travel within Germany. Only about 1% of all distance travelled was by plane in 2002. But due to a decline in prices with the introduction of low-fares airlines,... | 692 | Transport in Germany | 5 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
thumb\|300px \|Part of the \"`{{smallcaps|Tab.Geometry.}}`{=mediawiki}\" (Table of Geometry) from the 1728 *Cyclopaedia* `{{General geometry}}`{=mediawiki}
Geometry (from the *γεωμετρία*; *geo-* \"earth\", *-metron* \"measurement\") arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationsh... | 1,040 | History of geometry | 0 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
## Greek geometry {#greek_geometry}
### Thales and Pythagoras {#thales_and_pythagoras}
Thales (635--543 BC) of Miletus (now in southwestern Turkey), was the first to whom deduction in mathematics is attributed. There are five geometric propositions for which he wrote deductive proofs, though hi... | 1,024 | History of geometry | 1 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
## Classical Indian geometry {#classical_indian_geometry}
In the Bakhshali manuscript, there is a handful of geometric problems (including problems about volumes of irregular solids). The Bakhshali manuscript also \"employs a decimal place value system with a dot for zero.\" Aryabhata\'s *Aryabh... | 349 | History of geometry | 2 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
## Chinese geometry {#chinese_geometry}
The first definitive work (or at least oldest existent) on geometry in China was the *Mo Jing*, the Mohist canon of the early philosopher Mozi (470--390 BC). It was compiled years after his death by his followers around the year 330 BC. Although the *Mo Ji... | 531 | History of geometry | 3 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
## Chinese geometry {#chinese_geometry}
### *The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art* {#the_nine_chapters_on_the_mathematical_art}
*The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art*, the title of which first appeared by 179 AD on a bronze inscription, was edited and commented on by the 3rd century ma... | 547 | History of geometry | 4 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
## Renaissance
The transmission of the Greek Classics to medieval Europe via the Arabic literature of the 9th to 10th century \"Islamic Golden Age\" began in the 10th century and culminated in the Latin translations of the 12th century. A copy of Ptolemy\'s *Almagest* was brought back to Sicily ... | 688 | History of geometry | 5 |
11,953 | # History of geometry
## Modern geometry {#modern_geometry}
### The 17th century {#the_17th_century}
In the early 17th century, there were two important developments in geometry. The first and most important was the creation of analytic geometry, or geometry with coordinates and equations, by René Descartes (1596--1... | 1,063 | History of geometry | 6 |
11,964 | # Genus–differentia definition
A **genus--differentia definition** is a type of intensional definition, and it is composed of two parts:
1. **a genus** (or family): An existing definition that serves as a portion of the new definition; all definitions with the same genus are considered members of that genus.
2. **t... | 545 | Genus–differentia definition | 0 |
11,964 | # Genus–differentia definition
## Multiplicity
When multiple definitions could serve equally well, then all such definitions apply simultaneously. Thus, *a square* is a member of both the genus *\[a\] rectangle* and the genus *\[a\] rhombus*. In such a case, it is notationally convenient to consolidate the definition... | 310 | Genus–differentia definition | 1 |
11,964 | # Genus–differentia definition
## Structure
A genus of a definition provides a means by which to specify an *is-a relationship*:
- A square is a rectangle, which is a quadrilateral, which is a plane figure, which is a\...
- A square is a rhombus, which is a quadrilateral, which is a plane figure, which is a\...
... | 449 | Genus–differentia definition | 2 |
11,982 | # Gemini 10
**Gemini 10** (officially **Gemini X**) was a 1966 crewed spaceflight in NASA\'s Gemini program. It was the 8th crewed Gemini flight, the 16th crewed American flight, and the 24th spaceflight of all time (includes X-15 flights over 100 km). During the mission, flown by Command Pilot John Young and Pilot Mi... | 460 | Gemini 10 | 0 |
11,982 | # Gemini 10
## Flight
The Agena launched perfectly for the second time, after problems had occurred with the targets for Gemini 6 and 9. Gemini 10 followed 100 minutes later and entered a 159.9 by orbit. They were 1800 km behind the Agena. Two anomalous events occurred during the launch. At liftoff, a propellant fill... | 810 | Gemini 10 | 1 |
11,982 | # Gemini 10
## Flight
### EVA 2 {#eva_2}
At 48 hours and 41 minutes into the mission, the second EVA began. Collins\' first task was to retrieve a Micrometeorite Collector (S-12) from the side of the spacecraft. This he accomplished with some difficulty (similar to that encountered by Eugene Cernan on Gemini 9A). The... | 682 | Gemini 10 | 2 |
11,982 | # Gemini 10
## Spacecraft location {#spacecraft_location}
For many years the spacecraft was the centerpiece of a space exhibition at Norsk Teknisk Museum, Oslo, Norway. It was returned on request in 2002.
The spacecraft is currently on display at the Cosmosphere in Hutchinson, Kansas | 44 | Gemini 10 | 3 |
11,993 | # Son of Godzilla
is a 1967 Japanese *kaiju* film directed by Jun Fukuda, with special effects by Sadamasa Arikawa, under the supervision of Eiji Tsuburaya. Produced and distributed by Toho Co., Ltd, it is the eighth film in the *Godzilla* franchise. It stars Tadao Takashima, Akira Kubo, Akihiko Hirata, and Beverly Ma... | 624 | Son of Godzilla | 0 |
11,993 | # Son of Godzilla
## Production
### Writing
For the second *Godzilla* film in a row, Toho produced an island themed adventure with a smaller budget than most of their monster films from this time period. While the a-list crew of talent was hired to work on that year\'s *King Kong Escapes*, (Ishirō Honda, Eiji Tsubur... | 937 | Son of Godzilla | 1 |
11,993 | # Son of Godzilla
## Release
### Home media {#home_media}
In 2005, the film was released on DVD by Sony Pictures in its original uncut length with the original Japanese audio and Toho\'s international English dub. In 2019, the Japanese version and export English version was included in a Blu-ray box set released by t... | 67 | Son of Godzilla | 2 |
11,993 | # Son of Godzilla
## Reception
In a contemporary review, the *Monthly Film Bulletin* declared the film to be \"out of the top drawer of the Toho Company\'s monster file, with the special effects department achieving their best results in monster locomotion\" and that the film \"has the advantage of a more soundly con... | 147 | Son of Godzilla | 3 |
12,013 | # Girth (graph theory)
In graph theory, the **girth** of an undirected graph is the length of a shortest cycle contained in the graph. If the graph does not contain any cycles (that is, it is a forest), its girth is defined to be infinity. For example, a 4-cycle (square) has girth 4. A grid has girth 4 as well, and a ... | 660 | Girth (graph theory) | 0 |
12,015 | # Gun safety
thumb\|upright=1.35\|A yellow flag demonstrates the rifle\'s bolt is open and the breech is clear.
**Gun safety** is the study and practice of managing risk when using, transporting, storing and disposing of firearms, airguns and ammunition in order to avoid injury, illness or death.
Gun safety includes... | 632 | Gun safety | 0 |
12,015 | # Gun safety
## Storage
Proper storage prevents both damage and the unauthorized use or theft of firearms and ammunition.
Where a full cabinet is not practicable, locks may be used to prevent the firearm being loaded or discharged.
### Gun cabinets {#gun_cabinets}
A gun safe or gun cabinet is commonly used to phys... | 796 | Gun safety | 1 |
12,015 | # Gun safety
## Malfunctions
## Smart gun {#smart_gun}
**Smart guns** featuring \"authorised user\" technology, are intended to prevent unauthorized use with built-in locks that are released by fingerprint recognition, RFID chips, magnetic rings, a microchip implant or other proximity devices.
Their reliability has... | 444 | Gun safety | 2 |
12,015 | # Gun safety
## Unsafe users {#unsafe_users}
### Impaired users {#impaired_users}
Firearms should never be handled by persons who are under the influence of alcohol or any drugs which may affect their judgment. Gun safety teachers advocate zero tolerance of their use. In the United States, this recommendation is cod... | 311 | Gun safety | 3 |
12,015 | # Gun safety
## Secondary hazards {#secondary_hazards}
While a firearm\'s primary danger lies in the discharge of ammunition, there are other ways a firearm may pose hazards to the health of the handler and bystanders.
### Noise
When a firearm is discharged it emits a very loud noise, typically close to the handler... | 483 | Gun safety | 4 |
12,021 | # Go Down Moses
\"**Go Down Moses**\" is an African American spiritual that describes the Hebrew Exodus, specifically drawing from the Book of Exodus 5:1, in which God commands Moses to demand the release of the Israelites from bondage in Egypt. \"And the LORD spoke unto Moses, Go unto Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus ... | 318 | Go Down Moses | 0 |
12,021 | # Go Down Moses
## \"Oh! Let My People Go\" {#oh_let_my_people_go}
Although usually thought of as a spiritual, the earliest written record of the song was as a rallying anthem for the Contrabands at Fort Monroe sometime before July 1862. White people who reported on the song presumed it was composed by them. It becam... | 481 | Go Down Moses | 1 |
12,029 | # Geography of Gabon
`{{MapLibrary|Gabon_sat.png|Gabon}}`{=mediawiki}
**Gabon** is a country in Central Africa, lying along the Atlantic Ocean, just south of the Bight of Biafra.
## Area and borders {#area_and_borders}
Area:
:\* Total: 267,668 km²
:\*\**country rank in the world:* 76th/77th
:\* Land: 257,670 km²... | 505 | Geography of Gabon | 0 |
12,031 | # Politics of Gabon
The politics of Gabon takes place in a framework of a republic whereby the president of Gabon is head of state and in effect, also the head of government, since he appoints the prime minister and his cabinet. The government is divided into three branches: the executive headed by the prime minister ... | 555 | Politics of Gabon | 0 |
12,031 | # Politics of Gabon
## Political conditions {#political_conditions}
At the time of Gabon\'s independence in 1960, two principal political parties existed: the Bloc Democratique Gabonais (BDG), led by Leon M\'Ba, and the Union Démocratique et Sociale Gabonaise (UDSG), led by Jean-Hilaire Aubame. In the first post-inde... | 1,052 | Politics of Gabon | 1 |
12,031 | # Politics of Gabon
## Executive branch {#executive_branch}
\|President \|Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema \|Independent \|30 August 2023 \|- \|Prime Minister \|Raymond Ndong Sima \|Independent \|7 September 2023 \|} The president is elected by popular vote for a seven-year term. He appoints the prime minister. The Counc... | 286 | Politics of Gabon | 2 |
12,033 | # Telecommunications in Gabon
**Telecommunications in Gabon** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
## Radio and television {#radio_and_television}
**Radio stations:**
- state owns and operates 2 radio stations; a private radio station; transmissions of at least 2 international... | 440 | Telecommunications in Gabon | 0 |
12,033 | # Telecommunications in Gabon
## Internet
**Top-level domain:** .ga
**Internet users:**
- 138,584 users, 166th in the world; 8.6% of the population, 175th in the world (2012).
- 98,800 users, 160th in the world (2009);
- 67,000 users, 144th in the world (2005).
**Fixed broadband:**
In 2013, [Government sign... | 470 | Telecommunications in Gabon | 1 |
12,034 | # Transport in Gabon
Modes of transport in Gabon include rail, road, water and air. The one rail link, the Trans-Gabon Railway, connects the port of Owendo with the inland town of Franceville. While most of the country is connected by roads, not all areas are accessible. Much of the road network remains unpaved, and i... | 579 | Transport in Gabon | 0 |
12,034 | # Transport in Gabon
## Air transport {#air_transport}
There are three international airports: Libreville, Port-Gentil, and Franceville.
### Airports - with paved runways {#airports___with_paved_runways}
*total:* 11\
*over 3,047 m:* 1\
*2,438 to 3,047 m:* 1\
*1,524 to 2,437 m:* 8\
*914 to 1,523 m:* 1 (1999 est.)
#... | 72 | Transport in Gabon | 1 |
12,035 | # Armed Forces of Gabon
The **Armed Forces of Gabon** (*Forces armées gabonaises*), officially the **Gabonese Defense and Security Forces** (*links=no*), is the national professional military of Gabon, divided into the Army, Air Force, Navy, and a National Gendarmerie, consisting of about 5,000 personnel. The armed fo... | 623 | Armed Forces of Gabon | 0 |
12,035 | # Armed Forces of Gabon
## Equipment
### Small arms {#small_arms}
Name Origin Type Variant Notes
----------- --------------- ----------------------------- --------- ----------------
M16 rifle United States Assault rifle
FN FAL Bel... | 405 | Armed Forces of Gabon | 1 |
12,035 | # Armed Forces of Gabon
## Ceremonial traditions {#ceremonial_traditions}
- In April 2001, then-Defense Minister Bongo visited China, during which he reviewed the PLA honor guard upon arrival, and proposed to his Chinese counterpart Chi Haotian that members of the battalion will go to Gabon to help set up and train... | 197 | Armed Forces of Gabon | 2 |
12,063 | # Telecommunications in Georgia (country)
**Telecommunications in Georgia** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
## Radio and television {#radio_and_television}
- Radio broadcast stations: AM 7, FM 12, shortwave 4 (1998). There are 35 FM stations in the country, as of 2021.
- ... | 287 | Telecommunications in Georgia (country) | 0 |
12,063 | # Telecommunications in Georgia (country)
## Fixed Telephony, Internet and IP Television {#fixed_telephony_internet_and_ip_television}
- Internet Service Providers: at least 10 ISPs.
- Fixed Internet Subscribers: 977,6 thousand lines (April 2021)
- Internet Protocol television Subscribers: 551 thousand lines (A... | 396 | Telecommunications in Georgia (country) | 1 |
12,064 | # Transport in Georgia (country)
For Soviet transportation, see Transport in the Soviet Union.
## Railways
*Main article: Georgian Railway*\
*total:* 1,683 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines\
*broad gauge:* 1,583 km of `{{RailGauge|1520mm}}`{=mediawiki} gauge (1993)\
*narrow gauge:* 100 ... | 616 | Transport in Georgia (country) | 0 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
Ghana is a West African country in Africa, along the Gulf of Guinea.
Ghana encompasses plains, low hills, rivers, Lake Volta, the world\'s largest artificial lake, Dodi Island and Bobowasi Island on the south Atlantic Ocean coast of Ghana. Ghana can be divided into four different geographical eco... | 574 | Geography of Ghana | 0 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
## Geographical regions {#geographical_regions}
Ghana is characterized in general by low physical relief. The Precambrian rock system that underlies most of the nation has been worn down by erosion almost to a plain. The highest elevation in Ghana, Mount Afadja in the Akwapim-Togo Ranges, rises 8... | 1,154 | Geography of Ghana | 1 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
## Geographical regions {#geographical_regions}
### Low plains {#low_plains}
The Southern Ashanti Uplands, extending from the foot of the Kwahu Plateau in the north to the lowlands in the south, slope gently from an elevation of about 300 m in the north to about 150 m in the south. The region con... | 438 | Geography of Ghana | 2 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
## Geographical regions {#geographical_regions}
### High plains {#high_plains}
The general terrain in the northern and northwestern part of Ghana outside the Volta Basin consists of a dissected plateau, which averages between 150 and in elevation and, in some places, is even higher. Rainfall aver... | 180 | Geography of Ghana | 3 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
## Rivers and lakes {#rivers_and_lakes}
Ghana is drained by a large number of streams and rivers. In addition, there are a number of coastal lagoons, the huge man-made Lake Volta, and Lake Bosumtwi, southeast of Kumasi, which has no outlet to the sea. In the wetter south and southwest areas of Gh... | 827 | Geography of Ghana | 4 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
## Climate
The country\'s warm, humid climate has an annual mean temperature between 26 and. Variations in the principal elements of temperature, rainfall, and humidity that govern the climate are influenced by the movement and interaction of the dry tropical continental air mass, or the harmatta... | 439 | Geography of Ghana | 5 |
12,069 | # Geography of Ghana
## Natural hazards {#natural_hazards}
Dry, dusty, harmattan winds occur from January to March. Ghana is also prone to droughts, and was severely affected by floods in 2007 and 2009.
## Environmental issues {#environmental_issues}
Environmental issues include recurrent drought in the north, seve... | 461 | Geography of Ghana | 6 |
12,070 | # Demographics of Ghana
Demographic features of the population of Ghana include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, religious affiliations, and other aspects.
Ghana\'s population is 30,832,019 (2021 census).
## Population
**Year** **Total recorded population**
----... | 565 | Demographics of Ghana | 0 |
12,070 | # Demographics of Ghana
## Population
### Age structure {#age_structure}
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 26.IX.2010):
Age Group Male Female Total \%
----------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------
Total 12 024 845 12 633 978 24 658 823 100
0--4 1... | 490 | Demographics of Ghana | 1 |
12,070 | # Demographics of Ghana
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
In July 2022, the United Nations published its 2022 World Population Prospects, a biennially updated database where key demographic indicators are estimated and projected worldwide down to the country level. They prepared the following estimates of demog... | 1,364 | Demographics of Ghana | 2 |
12,070 | # Demographics of Ghana
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
### Fertility and births (Census 2000 and 2010) {#fertility_and_births_census_2000_and_2010}
Year Total Urban
------ ------- ------ -------
CBR TFR CBR TFR
2000 31.1 3.99 26.7
2010 25.3 3.28 23.0
: Total Fe... | 269 | Demographics of Ghana | 3 |
12,070 | # Demographics of Ghana
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
Ghana has more than seventy native ethnic groups. Major native African ethnic groups in Ghana include the Akan at 45.7% of the population, the Mole-Dagbon at 18.5%, the Ewe at 13.9%, the Ga-Dangme at 7.1%, the Gurma at 6.4%, the Guan at 3.2%, the Grusi at 2.7%... | 190 | Demographics of Ghana | 4 |
12,073 | # Telecommunications in Ghana
**Telecommunications in Ghana** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
Telecommunications is the main economic sector of Ghana according to the statistics of the World Bank due to the Ghana liberal policy around Information and communications technology... | 757 | Telecommunications in Ghana | 0 |
12,073 | # Telecommunications in Ghana
## Telephones
`{{See also |Telephone numbers in Ghana}}`{=mediawiki}
The prefix code of Ghana for international calls is +233.
As of 2012 there were 285,000 fixed telephone lines in use, 120th in the world, and 25.6 million mobile cellular lines, 42nd in the world.
The telephone syste... | 599 | Telecommunications in Ghana | 1 |
12,075 | # Ghana Armed Forces
The **Ghana Armed Forces** (**GAF**) is the state military organisation of Ghana, consisting of the Army (GA), Navy (GN), and Ghana Air Force.
The Commander-in-Chief of the Ghana Armed Forces is the president of Ghana, who is also the supreme military commander of the Border Guard Unit (BGU). The... | 1,098 | Ghana Armed Forces | 0 |
12,075 | # Ghana Armed Forces
## Ghana Army {#ghana_army}
The Ghana Army is structured as follows:
- The Northern Command with headquarters in Tamale, Central Command with headquarters in Kumasi and the Southern Command with headquarters in Accra. In March 2000 Northern and Southern Commands were formed after the two infan... | 608 | Ghana Armed Forces | 1 |
12,075 | # Ghana Armed Forces
## Ghana Air Force {#ghana_air_force}
The Ghana Air Force is headquartered in Burma Camp in Accra, and operates from bases in Accra (main transport base), Tamale (combat and training base)and Sekondi-Takoradi (training base). The GHF military doctrine and stated mission is to perform counterinsur... | 661 | Ghana Armed Forces | 2 |
12,075 | # Ghana Armed Forces
## Military clothing and prohibition of photography {#military_clothing_and_prohibition_of_photography}
Ghanaian statutory law officially prohibits civilians and foreign nationals from wearing military apparel such as camouflage clothing, or clothing which resembles military dress. Officially, fi... | 97 | Ghana Armed Forces | 3 |
12,080 | # Demographics of Gibraltar
Demographic features of the population of Gibraltar include ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
## Ethnic origins {#ethnic_origins}
One of the main features of Gibraltar\'s population is the diversity of their ethn... | 921 | Demographics of Gibraltar | 0 |
12,080 | # Demographics of Gibraltar
## Ethnic origins {#ethnic_origins}
### Other groups {#other_groups}
Other groups include:
- Malta was in the same imperial route to the east as Gibraltar. Maltese people came to Gibraltar when jobs were scarce at home, or to escape the law in Malta.
- Jews, most of them of Sephardi o... | 238 | Demographics of Gibraltar | 1 |
12,080 | # Demographics of Gibraltar
## Population overview {#population_overview}
The population of Gibraltar was 29,752 in 2011.
### Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Average population Live births Deaths ... | 979 | Demographics of Gibraltar | 2 |
12,080 | # Demographics of Gibraltar
## CIA World Factbook demographic statistics {#cia_world_factbook_demographic_statistics}
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
### Population age {#population_age}
: *0-14 years:* 19.99% (male 3,034; female 2,888)
: *15-64 ... | 279 | Demographics of Gibraltar | 3 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
The **politics of Gibraltar** takes place within a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Overseas Territory, whereby the Monarch of the United Kingdom is the constitutional head of state represented by the Governor of Gibraltar. The Chief Minister of Gibraltar is the he... | 277 | Politics of Gibraltar | 0 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## Government
The Government of Gibraltar is elected for a term of four years. The head of government is the chief minister, currently the Hon. Fabian Picardo of the Gibraltar Socialist Labour Party (GSLP), who has been in office since 9 December 2011, in alliance with the Liberal Party of Gib... | 1,906 | Politics of Gibraltar | 1 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## Legislature
The Gibraltar Parliament (previously the House of Assembly) consists of seventeen elected members, and the Speaker. Under the electoral system of partial bloc voting used since 1969, voters (since 2007) could choose up to ten candidates, who do not necessarily need to be from th... | 130 | Politics of Gibraltar | 2 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## Governor
King Charles III is represented by the governor and commander-in-chief, presently Lieutenant General Sir Ben Bathurst (sworn in June 2024). After an election, the governor appoints the leader of the largest party in the unicameral parliament, as chief minister. The governor is not ... | 439 | Politics of Gibraltar | 3 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## Constitutional reform {#constitutional_reform}
### Select Committee proposals {#select_committee_proposals}
In 1999, the Government of Gibraltar established a Select Committee on Constitutional Reform, to consider how the 1969 Constitution should be reformed.
In March 2006, British Foreig... | 907 | Politics of Gibraltar | 4 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## United Nations {#united_nations}
Gibraltar was caught unaware when the whole issue of the relationship between the territory and the UK, as well as the question of Spain was brought before the United Nations Committee on Decolonization, otherwise known as the *Committee of 24*, in 1963.
Re... | 423 | Politics of Gibraltar | 5 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## Relations with Spain {#relations_with_spain}
In a referendum on 10 September 1967, the people of Gibraltar voted by 12,138 to 44 to reject the transfer of sovereignty to Spain and to remain under British sovereignty. This day is now celebrated as Gibraltar\'s National Day. In a referendum o... | 411 | Politics of Gibraltar | 6 |
12,081 | # Politics of Gibraltar
## Pressure groups {#pressure_groups}
In addition to the parties there are a number of pressure groups active in Gibraltar, not aligned to any political party.
### Gibraltar Women\'s Association {#gibraltar_womens_association}
The Gibraltar Women\'s Association was founded on 16 February 196... | 578 | Politics of Gibraltar | 7 |
12,084 | # Transport in Gibraltar
**Transportation in Gibraltar** includes roadway, bus, air, aerial cable car and sea. Due to Gibraltar\'s compact size and density, walking is the most popular mode of transport making up 48% of trips. Private vehicles make up 30% of trips while a further 15% of trips are made on motorcycles o... | 785 | Transport in Gibraltar | 0 |
12,084 | # Transport in Gibraltar
## Rail
### Historical
There are no extant railways in Gibraltar. There was formerly an extensive railway within the Gibraltar Dockyard, and neighbouring works and storage facilities. It included tunnels, one of which went through the Rock of Gibraltar, and is still in use today as a road tun... | 264 | Transport in Gibraltar | 1 |
12,084 | # Transport in Gibraltar
## Sea
Being a peninsula, the sea has long been vital to Gibraltar\'s transport links. The Royal Navy Dockyard was formerly Gibraltar\'s major employer.
There is still a harbour on the west side of the territory. The Gibraltar-registered merchant marine consists of 26 ships of 1000 tonnes an... | 689 | Transport in Gibraltar | 2 |
12,084 | # Transport in Gibraltar
## Proposed tunnel {#proposed_tunnel}
In January 2021, it was reported that the United Kingdom and Morocco would discuss building a Strait of Gibraltar crossing between Gibraltar and Tangiers.
## Dispute with Spain {#dispute_with_spain}
The road crossing into Spain was closed by the Spanish... | 296 | Transport in Gibraltar | 3 |
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