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12,087 | # Glorioso Islands
The **Glorieuses** or **Glorioso Islands** (*Îles Glorieuses* or officially also *Archipel des Glorieuses*) are a group of islands and rocks totaling 5 km2. They are controlled by France as part of the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, a French oversea... | 287 | Glorioso Islands | 0 |
12,087 | # Glorioso Islands
## History
While probably earlier known to Arab (perhaps especially Yemeni) navigators, the Glorieuses were named and settled in 1880 by a Frenchman, Hippolyte Caltaux, who established a coconut plantation on Grande Glorieuse. The archipelago became a French possession in 1892 when Captain Richard ... | 291 | Glorioso Islands | 1 |
12,101 | # Göta Canal
The **Göta Canal** (*Göta kanal*) is a Swedish canal constructed in the early 19th century. The canal is 190 km long, of which 87 km were dug or blasted, with a width varying between 7 -- and a maximum depth of about 3 m. The speed is limited to 5 knots in the canal.
The Göta Canal is a part of a waterwa... | 778 | Göta Canal | 0 |
12,101 | # Göta Canal
## Description
These days the canal is primarily used as a tourist and recreational attraction. Around two million people visit the canal each year on pleasure cruises - either on their own boats or on one of the many cruise ships - and related activities. The canal sometimes is ironically called the \"d... | 285 | Göta Canal | 1 |
12,106 | # Göta älv
The ***italic=no*** (`{{IPA|sv|ˈjø̌ːta ˈɛlv}}`{=mediawiki}; \"River of (the) Geats\") is a river that drains lake Vänern into the Kattegat, at the city of Gothenburg, on the western coast of Sweden. It was formed at the end of the last glaciation, as an outflow channel from the Baltic Ice Lake to the Atlant... | 393 | Göta älv | 0 |
12,114 | # Telecommunications in Greece
The telecommunications and postal services market in Greece is regulated by the Hellenic Telecommunications and Post Commission (EETT).
## Landline telephone {#landline_telephone}
COSMOTE, the former state monopoly, is the main player in fixed-line telephony. Since the liberalization o... | 250 | Telecommunications in Greece | 0 |
12,115 | # Transport in Greece
**Transport in Greece** has undergone significant changes in the past two decades, vastly modernizing the country\'s infrastructure and transportation. Although ferry transport between islands remains the prominent method of transport between the nation\'s islands, improvements to the road infras... | 731 | Transport in Greece | 0 |
12,115 | # Transport in Greece
## Pipelines
- crude oil: 26 km
- petroleum products: 547 km
## Major construction projects {#major_construction_projects}
### Completed projects {#completed_projects}
#### Motorways
- A1 motorway (PAThE): *550 km (340 mi)*
- A11 motorway
- A2 motorway (Egnatia Odos): *670 km (420 ... | 113 | Transport in Greece | 1 |
12,116 | # Hellenic Armed Forces
The **Hellenic Armed Forces** (*Ellinikés Énoples Dynámis*) lead the military forces of Greece. The Hellenic Armed Forces consists of the Hellenic Army, the Hellenic Navy, Hellenic Air Force and Hellenic Coast Guard.
The civilian authority overseeing the Hellenic Armed Forces is the Ministry o... | 534 | Hellenic Armed Forces | 0 |
12,116 | # Hellenic Armed Forces
## Component forces and their organization {#component_forces_and_their_organization}
### Hellenic National Defense General Staff {#hellenic_national_defense_general_staff}
The Hellenic National Defense General Staff has the operational command of the Joint Armed Forces Headquarters and the u... | 290 | Hellenic Armed Forces | 1 |
12,120 | # Geography of Greenland
Greenland is located between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada and northwest of Iceland. The territory comprises the island of Greenland---the largest island in the world---and more than a hundred other smaller islands (see alphabetic list). Greenland has a 1.2... | 360 | Geography of Greenland | 0 |
12,120 | # Geography of Greenland
## Climate
`{{See also|Climate of Greenland|}}`{=mediawiki} Greenland\'s climate is a tundra climate on and near the coasts and an ice cap climate in inland areas. It typically has short, cool summers and long, moderately cold winters.
Due to Gulf Stream influences, Greenland\'s winter tempe... | 712 | Geography of Greenland | 1 |
12,120 | # Geography of Greenland
## Climate
### Climate change {#climate_change}
The Greenland ice sheet is 3 km thick and broad enough to blanket an area the size of Mexico. The ice is so massive that its weight presses the bedrock of Greenland below sea level and is so all-concealing that not until recently did scientists ... | 508 | Geography of Greenland | 2 |
12,120 | # Geography of Greenland
## Climate
### Future projections {#future_projections}
In the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. Greenland is losing 200 billion tonnes of ice per year. Research suggests that this could increase the sea levels\' rise by 30 centimeters by the end of the c... | 440 | Geography of Greenland | 3 |
12,120 | # Geography of Greenland
## Extreme points {#extreme_points}
This is a list of the extreme points of Greenland, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location.
### Territory of Greenland {#territory_of_greenland}
- Northernmost point --- Kaffeklubben Island (83°40\'N) -- the northe... | 203 | Geography of Greenland | 4 |
12,121 | # Demographics of Greenland
This is a demography of the population of Greenland including population density, ethnicity, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
The population pyramid of Greenland was highly impacted by a birth control program conducted by Danish authorities in th... | 552 | Demographics of Greenland | 0 |
12,121 | # Demographics of Greenland
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Year Average population Live births Deaths Natural change Crude birth rate (per 1000) Crude death rate (per 1000) Natural change (per 1000) Total fertility rate Infant mortality rate
------ -------------------- -----... | 1,193 | Demographics of Greenland | 1 |
12,121 | # Demographics of Greenland
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
---------------------------------
**Significant minority groups**
Nationality
Other America
---------------------------------
The population of Greenland consists of Greenlandic Inuit (including mixed-race people), Danish Greenlanders and other ... | 488 | Demographics of Greenland | 2 |
12,122 | # Politics of Greenland
The **politics of Greenland**, an autonomous country (*nuna*, *land*) within the Kingdom of Denmark, function in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic dependency, whereby the prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised b... | 558 | Politics of Greenland | 0 |
12,122 | # Politics of Greenland
## International affairs {#international_affairs}
Along with diplomatic missions to the European Union and the United States, Greenland participates in, among others, the Nordic Council, Arctic Council, and International Whaling Commission. ([Complete list of participation of Greenland in inte... | 133 | Politics of Greenland | 1 |
12,124 | # Telecommunications in Greenland
**Telecommunications in Greenland** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
Greenland has, by law, only one service provider for telecommunications and the Internet, TELE Greenland, which is fully owned by the Greenlandic Home Rule government. TELE G... | 510 | Telecommunications in Greenland | 0 |
12,124 | # Telecommunications in Greenland
## Internet
- Greenland has only one major Internet Service Provider (ISP): Tele Greenland (Tele Post Greenland A/S).
- Greenland has only one major data center: Owned by Tele Greenland in Nuuk.
- The country code for top-level domains is .gl
- 40,084 people or 64.48% of Gree... | 290 | Telecommunications in Greenland | 1 |
12,129 | # History of Grenada
The **history of Grenada** in the Caribbean, part of the Lesser Antilles group of islands, covers a period from the earliest human settlements to the establishment of the contemporary nationstate of Grenada. First settled by indigenous peoples, Grenada by the time of European contact was inhabited... | 634 | History of Grenada | 0 |
12,129 | # History of Grenada
## 17th century {#th_century}
### English attempted settlement {#english_attempted_settlement}
In April 1609 three English ships with 208 colonists landed in what was possibly the harbor of Saint Georges or somewhere nearby. After some months the three ships left to engage in illicit trade in Tr... | 426 | History of Grenada | 1 |
12,129 | # History of Grenada
## 18th century {#th_century_1}
### French colony {#french_colony}
In 1700, Grenada had a population of 257 whites, 53 coloureds, and 525 slaves. There were three sugar estates, 52 indigo plantations, 64 horses, and 569 head of cattle. Between 1705 and 1710 the French built Fort Royal at St. Geo... | 586 | History of Grenada | 2 |
12,129 | # History of Grenada
## Last colonial years: 1900--1974 {#last_colonial_years_19001974}
### Early 20th century {#early_20th_century}
The 1901 census showed that the population of the colony was 63,438. In 1917, T.A. Marryshow founded the Representative Government Association (RGA) to agitate for a new and participat... | 647 | History of Grenada | 3 |
12,129 | # History of Grenada
## Independence, revolution and US invasion: 1974--1983 {#independence_revolution_and_us_invasion_19741983}
### Independence
On 7 February 1974, Grenada became a fully independent state. Grenada continued to practise a modified Westminster parliamentary system based on the British model with a g... | 623 | History of Grenada | 4 |
12,129 | # History of Grenada
## Democracy restored: 1983 to present day {#democracy_restored_1983_to_present_day}
### Post invasion politics {#post_invasion_politics}
When US troops withdrew from Grenada in December 1983, Nicholas Braithwaite was appointed Prime Minister of an interim administration by the Governor General ... | 857 | History of Grenada | 5 |
12,131 | # Demographics of Grenada
The demography of the people of Grenada, **Grenadians** `{{IPAc-en|g|r|ə|ˈ|n|eɪ|d|iː|ən|z}}`{=mediawiki}, includes population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
## Population
According to ... | 877 | Demographics of Grenada | 0 |
12,131 | # Demographics of Grenada
## Ethnic groups {#ethnic_groups}
### Amerindians
Grenada has a small population of pre-Columbian native Caribs. According to the 2001 census there are only 125 Caribs remaining (0.12% of the total population).
| 35 | Demographics of Grenada | 1 |
12,131 | # Demographics of Grenada
## Languages
Apart from a 114-year period of French occupancy (1649--1763) English has been the country\'s official language. However, over time the minority of the population use a colloquial spoken language considered to be either English-based creole languages or (Grenadian Creole English... | 344 | Demographics of Grenada | 2 |
12,135 | # Transport in Grenada
**Transport in Grenada** consists of a network of highways connecting major population centres, airports and ports and harbours along the coast. Grenada has no merchant marine.
There is one industrial railway, used by a rum distillery.
**Highways:**\
*total:* 1,127 km\
*paved:* 687 km\
Drivers... | 145 | Transport in Grenada | 0 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
The **history of Guam** starts with the early arrival around 2000 BC of Austronesian people known today as the Chamorro Peoples. The Chamorus then developed a \"pre-contact\" society, that was colonized by the Spanish in the 17th century. The present American rule of the island began with the 1898 Sp... | 1,014 | History of Guam | 0 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
## Spanish era {#spanish_era}
### Magellan\'s first encounter with Guam {#magellans_first_encounter_with_guam}
The first known contact between Guam and Europeans occurred with the arrival of a Spanish expedition led by Ferdinand Magellan. His three-ship fleet arrived on March 6, 1521, after a long ... | 394 | History of Guam | 1 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
## Spanish era {#spanish_era}
### Spanish colonization {#spanish_colonization}
Despite Magellan\'s visit, Guam was not officially claimed by Spain until 1565 by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. However, the island was not actually colonized until the 17th century.
On June 15, 1668, the galleon *San Diego* ... | 1,145 | History of Guam | 2 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
## American era {#american_era}
### Capture of Guam {#capture_of_guam}
On June 21, 1898, the United States captured Guam in a bloodless landing during the Spanish--American War. By the Treaty of Paris, Spain officially ceded the island to the United States.`{{r|Rodgers}}`{=mediawiki} Between the Am... | 469 | History of Guam | 3 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
## American era {#american_era}
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
*Main article: Japanese occupation of Guam* Further information: Pacific Islands home front during World War II During World War II, Guam was attacked and invaded by Japan on Monday, December 8, 1941, at the same time as the attack on ... | 550 | History of Guam | 4 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
## American era {#american_era}
### Self-determination {#self_determination}
The immediate years after World War II saw the U.S. Navy attempting to resume its predominance in Guam affairs. This eventually led to resentment, and thus increased political pressure from Chamoru leaders for greater auton... | 485 | History of Guam | 5 |
12,148 | # History of Guam
## American era {#american_era}
### Contemporary Guam {#contemporary_guam}
Guam\'s U.S. military installations remain among the most strategically vital in the Pacific Ocean. When the United States closed U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay and Clark Air Base bases in the Philippines after the expiration of t... | 575 | History of Guam | 6 |
12,149 | # Geography of Guam
Guam is a U.S. territory in the western Pacific Ocean, at the boundary of the Philippine Sea. It is the southernmost and largest member of the Mariana Islands archipelago, which is itself the northernmost group of islands in Micronesia. The closest political entity is the Commonwealth of the Northe... | 340 | Geography of Guam | 0 |
12,149 | # Geography of Guam
## Geology
The Mariana Islands lie atop the largely submerged East Mariana Ridge, a part of the Izu--Bonin--Mariana (IBM) Arc. The IBM Arc is a tectonic plate convergent boundary where the west Pacific Plate subducts the Philippine Sea Plate. Guam is actually located on the Mariana Plate, a micro ... | 412 | Geography of Guam | 1 |
12,149 | # Geography of Guam
## Strategic position {#strategic_position}
Guam is about 1500 mile from both Tokyo in the north and Manila in the west, and about 3800 mile from Honolulu in the east. Guam\'s size and possession of a natural safe anchorage at Apra Harbor, uniquely among its neighbors, have driven much of its hist... | 413 | Geography of Guam | 2 |
12,149 | # Geography of Guam
## Settlement patterns {#settlement_patterns}
A 1668 description reported that there were approximately 180 Chamoru villages on Guam with a total island population between 35,000 and 50,000. The Spanish strategy of villagization, called *reducción*, which began in the Spanish-Chamorro Wars, transf... | 772 | Geography of Guam | 3 |
12,149 | # Geography of Guam
## Extreme points {#extreme_points}
The three highest points on Guam are Mount Lamlam at 406 m, Mount Jumullong Manglo at 391 m, and Mount Bolanos, 368 m. Mount Lamlam is sometimes claimed to be the world\'s highest mountain at 37820 feet, measured from a base in Challenger Deep 304 km away. Even ... | 154 | Geography of Guam | 4 |
12,151 | # Politics of Guam
Guam is a two-party presidential representative democracy, in which the Governor is the head of government. Guam is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States, with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs. Guam is also listed ... | 527 | Politics of Guam | 0 |
12,153 | # Communications in Guam
Though Guam is a United States territory, some U.S. long-distance plans and courier services list Guam as an international location. As a result of Guam\'s being added to the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) in 1997, calls made to the U.S., Canada, or other participating countries from Gua... | 605 | Communications in Guam | 0 |
12,154 | # Transportation in Guam
The United States territory of Guam has no railways or freeways, nor does it have a merchant marine. The largest port is Apra Harbor is the largest port, serving almost all commercial traffic, including cruise, cargo and fishing vessels. There are smaller harbors located on the island (most no... | 239 | Transportation in Guam | 0 |
12,160 | # Politics of Guatemala
**Politics of Guatemala** takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, where by the President of Guatemala is both head of state, head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in b... | 433 | Politics of Guatemala | 0 |
12,160 | # Politics of Guatemala
## Political culture and human rights {#political_culture_and_human_rights}
The 1999 presidential and legislative elections were considered by international observers to have been free and fair.`{{by whom|date=November 2021}}`{=mediawiki} Participation by women and indigenous voters was higher... | 1,435 | Politics of Guatemala | 1 |
12,162 | # Telecommunications in Guatemala
**Telecommunications in Guatemala** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
## Radio and television {#radio_and_television}
- Radio stations: 1 government-owned radio station and hundreds of privately owned radio stations (2007).
- Radios: 835,0... | 382 | Telecommunications in Guatemala | 0 |
12,162 | # Telecommunications in Guatemala
## Internet
- Top-level domain: .gt
- Internet users:
: {\| class=\"wikitable\"
\|- ! Year ! Users \|- \| 2002 \| \~200,000 \|- \| 2003 \| \~600,000 \|- \| 2004 \| \~1.0 million \|- \| 2005 \| \~1.7 million \|- \| 2006 \| \~2.4 million \|- \| 2007 \| \~3.8 million \|- \| 2009... | 465 | Telecommunications in Guatemala | 1 |
12,164 | # Armed Forces of Guatemala
The **Guatemalan Armed Forces** (*Fuerzas Armadas de Guatemala*) is the unified military organization comprising the Guatemalan Army, Navy, Air Force, and Presidential Honor Guard. The president of Guatemala is the commander-in-chief of the military, and formulates policy, training, and bud... | 737 | Armed Forces of Guatemala | 0 |
12,164 | # Armed Forces of Guatemala
## Equipment
### Small arms {#small_arms}
+------------------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+--------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Image | Caliber | Type ... | 775 | Armed Forces of Guatemala | 1 |
12,164 | # Armed Forces of Guatemala
## Equipment
### Armored personnel carriers {#armored_personnel_carriers}
+------------------------+-------------+---------------------------+--------+----------+--------+----------------+
| Name | Image | Type | Origin | Quantity | Status | Not... | 304 | Armed Forces of Guatemala | 2 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
The **history of Guernsey** stretches back with evidence of Neolithic occupation, followed by Roman occupation. Christianity was brought to Guernsey by St Sampson.
The islands were annexed by the Duchy of Normandy and were ruled separately by William the Conqueror even after becoming King of Eng... | 330 | History of Guernsey | 0 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
## Early history {#early_history}
### The arrival of Christianity {#the_arrival_of_christianity}
During their migration to Brittany, Britons occupied the *Lenur* islands (the former name of the Channel Islands) including *Sarnia* or *Lisia* (Guernsey) and *Angia* (Jersey). It was formerly thoug... | 1,152 | History of Guernsey | 1 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
## Early history {#early_history}
### The Reformation {#the_reformation}
In the mid-16th century, the island was influenced by Calvinist reformers from Normandy. During the Marian persecutions, three local women, the Guernsey Martyrs, were burned at the stake in 1556 for their Protestant beliefs... | 135 | History of Guernsey | 2 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
## Early modern history {#early_modern_history}
### Civil War {#civil_war}
During the English Civil War, Guernsey sided with the Parliamentarians, while Jersey remained Royalist. Guernsey\'s decision was mainly related to the higher proportion of Calvinists and other Reformed churches, as well ... | 475 | History of Guernsey | 3 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
## 19th century {#th_century}
Privateering during the Napoleonic Wars generated more profits, rolling on from the French Revolutionary Wars. London issued 5,632 letters of Marque of which Guernsey captains received 602, amongst around 70 ships varying in size from 5 to 500 ton. The Letter of Mar... | 764 | History of Guernsey | 4 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
## 20th century {#th_century_1}
### World War I {#world_war_i}
During World War I, approximately 3,000 island men served in the British Expeditionary Force. Of these, about 1,000 served in the Royal Guernsey Light Infantry regiment formed from the Royal Guernsey Militia in 1916. In August 1917,... | 539 | History of Guernsey | 5 |
12,167 | # History of Guernsey
## 20th century {#th_century_1}
### Post-war {#post_war}
After 1945 the Islanders had to rebuild their lives, the return of evacuees, especially children who could hardly remember their relatives. Many properties had been damaged through wood being stripped from them for fuel, the island had an ... | 374 | History of Guernsey | 6 |
12,177 | # History of Guinea
The modern state of Guinea did not come into existence until 1958, but the history of the area stretches back well before European colonization. Its current boundaries were determined during the colonial period by the Berlin Conference (1884--1885) and the French, who ruled Guinea until 1958.
## W... | 578 | History of Guinea | 0 |
12,177 | # History of Guinea
## Independence (1958) {#independence_1958}
In 1958 the French Fourth Republic collapsed due to political instability and its failures in dealing with its colonies, especially Indochina and Algeria. The founding of a Fifth Republic was supported by the French people, while French President Charles... | 616 | History of Guinea | 1 |
12,177 | # History of Guinea
## Independence (1958) {#independence_1958}
### Lansana Conté\'s rule (1984--2008) {#lansana_contés_rule_19842008}
The PDG was due to elect a new leader on April 3, 1984. Under the constitution, that person would have been the only candidate for president. However, hours before that meeting, Colon... | 378 | History of Guinea | 2 |
12,177 | # History of Guinea
## Independence (1958) {#independence_1958}
### Conté\'s death and the 2008 coup d\'état {#contés_death_and_the_2008_coup_détat}
In a coup d\'état several days following Touré\'s death, Lansana Conté became the President. The constitution and parliament were suspended and a committee for national ... | 796 | History of Guinea | 3 |
12,177 | # History of Guinea
## Independence (1958) {#independence_1958}
### 2020 elections
In October 2020, president Alpha Condé won presidential elections. Condé had been in power since 2010 and he won the third term. Opposition did not accept the results because of allegations of fraud. The president said a constitutional... | 120 | History of Guinea | 4 |
12,178 | # Geography of Guinea
Guinea is a country on the coast of West Africa and is bordered by Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.
Guinea is divided into four geographic regions: Maritime Guinea (Lower Guinea) a coastal plain running north to south behind the coast; the pastoral Fouta Djal... | 611 | Geography of Guinea | 0 |
12,179 | # Demographics of Guinea
Demographics of Guinea describes the condition and overview of Guinea\'s peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations.
## Population
According to `{{UN_Population|source}}`{=mediawiki} the total... | 407 | Demographics of Guinea | 0 |
12,179 | # Demographics of Guinea
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
Registration of vital events is in Guinea not complete. The website Our World in Data prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the United Nations.
Mid-year population (thousands) Live births (tho... | 1,189 | Demographics of Guinea | 1 |
12,179 | # Demographics of Guinea
## Vital statistics {#vital_statistics}
### Life expectancy {#life_expectancy}
+------------+---------------------+
| Period | Life expectancy in\ |
| | Years |
+============+=====================+
| 1950--1955 | 33.07 |
+------------+---------------... | 237 | Demographics of Guinea | 2 |
12,179 | # Demographics of Guinea
## Languages
French (official), each ethnic group has its own language.
Other languages have established Latin orthographies that are used somewhat, notably for Susu and Maninka. The N\'Ko script is increasingly used on a grassroots level for the Maninka language.
## Religion
Muslim 86.8%,... | 60 | Demographics of Guinea | 3 |
12,180 | # Politics of Guinea
**Politics of Guinea** takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Guinea is both head of state and head of government of Guinea. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the... | 616 | Politics of Guinea | 0 |
12,180 | # Politics of Guinea
## History
### Camara\'s 2008 coup and following {#camaras_2008_coup_and_following}
Six hours after Somparé announced Conté\'s death, a statement was read on television announcing a military *coup d\'état*. This statement, read by Captain Moussa Dadis Camara on behalf of a group called National C... | 995 | Politics of Guinea | 1 |
12,180 | # Politics of Guinea
## History
### 2021 coup
Following a military coup on 5 September 2021 the government was dissolved, borders closed, constitution suspended and President Condé was arrested. On 1 October 2021 Mamady Doumbouya was sworn in as Guinea\'s interim president after leading the coup.
## Ethnic politics ... | 85 | Politics of Guinea | 2 |
12,180 | # Politics of Guinea
## Executive branch {#executive_branch}
The president of Guinea is normally elected by popular vote for a five-year term; candidate must receive a majority of the votes cast to be elected president. The president governs Guinea, assisted by a Cabinet of 25 civilian ministers appointed by him. The... | 337 | Politics of Guinea | 3 |
12,182 | # Telecommunications in Guinea
**Telecommunications in Guinea** include radio, television, fixed and mobile radio, and the Internet.
The people of Guinea are among the poorest in West Africa and this reality is reflected in the development of the country\'s telecommunications environment. Radio is the most important ... | 821 | Telecommunications in Guinea | 0 |
12,183 | # Transport in Guinea
**Transport in Guinea** is composed by a variety of systems that people in the country use to get around as well as to and from domestic and international destinations. The railway from Conakry to Kankan ceased operating in the mid-1980s. Most vehicles in Guinea are 20+ years old, and cabs are an... | 586 | Transport in Guinea | 0 |
12,184 | # Republic of Guinea Armed Forces
The **Guinean Armed Forces** (*Forces armées guinéennes*) are the armed forces of Guinea. They are responsible for the territorial security of Guinea\'s border and the defence of the country against external attack and aggression.
Guinea\'s armed forces are divided into five branches... | 756 | Republic of Guinea Armed Forces | 0 |
12,184 | # Republic of Guinea Armed Forces
## History
### The militia {#the_militia}
Increasing mistrust of the regular armed forces after the Labé plot led to the militia assuming greater importance. The militia had grown out of a 1961 Democratic Party of Guinea (PDG) decision to create workplace \'committees for the defence... | 486 | Republic of Guinea Armed Forces | 1 |
12,184 | # Republic of Guinea Armed Forces
## History
### Command appointments under Sékou Touré, March 1984 {#command_appointments_under_sékou_touré_march_1984}
Source: Mamadou Kaly Bah, [Regard Rétrospectif sur l\'Armée Guinéenne](https://web.archive.org/web/20111006024044/http://www.webguinee.net/etat/postcolonial/institut... | 778 | Republic of Guinea Armed Forces | 2 |
12,184 | # Republic of Guinea Armed Forces
## Composition
### Air Force {#air_force}
After achieving independence from France in 1958, the Force Aerienne de Guinea was formed with Soviet assistance in the delivery of 10 MiG-17F fighters and two MiG-15UTI trainers. In the same era an An-2, An-12, An-14, Il-14 and Il-18V trans... | 272 | Republic of Guinea Armed Forces | 3 |
12,187 | # History of Guinea-Bissau
The region now known as Guinea-Bissau, in West Africa, has been inhabited by humans for thousands of years. During the 13th century CE, it was a province of the Mali Empire which later became independent as the empire of Kaabu. The Portuguese Empire claimed the region during the 1450s, but i... | 423 | History of Guinea-Bissau | 0 |
12,187 | # History of Guinea-Bissau
## Pre-colonial kingdoms {#pre_colonial_kingdoms}
### Kaabu
#### Origins
Kaabu, established in the 13th century, was a province of Mali through the conquest of Senegambia by Tiramakhan Traore (a general of Mali Empire founder Sundiata Keita. According to oral tradition, Tiramakhan Traore ... | 728 | History of Guinea-Bissau | 1 |
12,187 | # History of Guinea-Bissau
## European contact {#european_contact}
### 15th--16th centuries {#th16th_centuries}
The first Europeans to reach Guinea-Bissau were the Venetian explorer Alvise Cadamosto in 1455, Portuguese explorer Diogo Gomes in 1456, Portuguese explorer Duarte Pacheco Pareira in the 1480s, and Flemish... | 795 | History of Guinea-Bissau | 2 |
12,187 | # History of Guinea-Bissau
## European contact {#european_contact}
### Slave trade {#slave_trade}
Guinea-Bissau was among the first regions touched by the Atlantic slave trade and, while it did not produce the same number of enslaved people as other regions, the impact was still significant. They were primarily sent ... | 428 | History of Guinea-Bissau | 3 |
12,187 | # History of Guinea-Bissau
## European contact {#european_contact}
### Colonialism
thumb\|upright=1.4\|alt=Side-by-side, colour-coded maps of Africa\|Africa in 1880 and 1913 Until the late 1800s, Portuguese control of their colony outside the forts and trading posts was illusory. African rulers held power in the coun... | 501 | History of Guinea-Bissau | 4 |
12,187 | # History of Guinea-Bissau
## Independence
After the April 1974 Carnation Revolution, Portugal granted independence to Guinea-Bissau on 10 September 1974. Luís Cabral, Amílcar Cabral\'s half-brother, became president. The United States recognized Guinea-Bissau\'s independence that day. In late 1980, the government wa... | 760 | History of Guinea-Bissau | 5 |
12,188 | # Geography of Guinea-Bissau
The **geography of Guinea-Bissau** is that of low coastal plains bordering the Atlantic Ocean. The country borders Senegal in the north and Guinea in the southeast.
## Terrain and ecology {#terrain_and_ecology}
The terrain of Guinea-Bissau is mostly low coastal plain with swamps of Guine... | 737 | Geography of Guinea-Bissau | 0 |
12,190 | # Politics of Guinea-Bissau
The **politics of Guinea-Bissau** take place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, with a multi-party system, wherein the President is head of state and the Prime Minister is head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative ... | 500 | Politics of Guinea-Bissau | 0 |
12,190 | # Politics of Guinea-Bissau
## Political developments {#political_developments}
### 2010 military unrest {#military_unrest}
Prior to the 2008 election, a decision to change the electoral date and extend the parliamentary mandate resulted in major controversy when Assembly deputies snubbed the president and chose to e... | 839 | Politics of Guinea-Bissau | 1 |
12,190 | # Politics of Guinea-Bissau
## Legislative branch {#legislative_branch}
The National People\'s Assembly (**Assembleia Nacional Popular**) has 102 members, elected for four-year terms in multi-member constituencies.
## Political parties and elections {#political_parties_and_elections}
### Presidential elections {#pr... | 171 | Politics of Guinea-Bissau | 2 |
12,192 | # Telecommunications in Guinea-Bissau
**Telecommunications in Guinea-Bissau** include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet.
Guinea-Bissau is one of the poorest countries in the world. This reality is reflected in the state of the country\'s telecommunications development. It is estimated t... | 539 | Telecommunications in Guinea-Bissau | 0 |
12,193 | # Transport in Guinea-Bissau
Transport infrastructure in Guinea-Bissau is basic, with most roads outside the capital Bissau being unpaved.
## Railways
There are no railways in Guinea-Bissau. At the Port of Bissau, there was a small cargo railway working from the late 19th century into the 1940s.
In 1998 an agreemen... | 242 | Transport in Guinea-Bissau | 0 |
12,199 | # Politics of Guyana
Guyana is a parliamentary republic in which the President of Guyana is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the President, advised by a cabinet. Legislative power is vested in both the President and the National Assembly of Guyana. The judiciary is independent... | 509 | Politics of Guyana | 0 |
12,199 | # Politics of Guyana
## Political conditions {#political_conditions}
Race and ideology have been the dominant political influences in Guyana. Since the split of the multiracial People\'s Progressive Party (PPP) in 1955, politics has been based more on ethnicity than on ideology. From 1964 to 1992, the pro-African Peo... | 1,159 | Politics of Guyana | 1 |
12,199 | # Politics of Guyana
## International organization participation {#international_organization_participation}
Guyana is a full and participating founder-member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), the headquarters of which is located in Georgetown. The CARICOM Single Market & Economy (CSME) will, by necessity, bring ... | 100 | Politics of Guyana | 2 |
12,202 | # Transport in Guyana
The **transport** sector comprises the physical infrastructure, docks and vehicle, terminals, fleets, ancillary equipment and service delivery of all the various modes of transport operating in **Guyana**. The transport services, transport agencies providing these services, the organizations and ... | 479 | Transport in Guyana | 0 |
12,202 | # Transport in Guyana
## Long distance transportation {#long_distance_transportation}
### Roads
In 2004, Guyana\'s road network was approximately 3,995 km long, 24 percent or 940 kilometers of which comprised primary roads in the coastal and riverine areas serving the agricultural sector, while the road to Linden se... | 1,156 | Transport in Guyana | 1 |
12,202 | # Transport in Guyana
## Long distance transportation {#long_distance_transportation}
### Rail transport {#rail_transport}
Commercial railway services for both passengers and cargo were operated until 1974. Two lines operated - the Demerara-Essequibo Railway, from Vreed en Hoop to Parika (18.5 mi) and the Demerara-Be... | 123 | Transport in Guyana | 2 |
12,202 | # Transport in Guyana
## Water transport {#water_transport}
It is generally agreed that, for the movement of bulky low-value goods over great distances, water transport is cheapest. This is especially true in Guyana, where the road infrastructure is poorly advanced. Moreover, with the widespread decentralization of e... | 354 | Transport in Guyana | 3 |
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