text string | pmid string | accession_id string | license string | last_updated string | retracted string | citation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vision Statement
The goal of the e-Health Code of Ethics is to ensure that people worldwide can confidently and with full understanding of known risks realise the potential of the Internet in managing their own health and the health of those in their care.
Introduction
The Internet is changing how people give and rece... | 11720928 | PMC1761853 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 May 24; 2(2):e9 |
Introduction
Developments on the Internet have transformed our approach to communication and dissemination of information in a number of areas. Current approaches will develop further as the dramatic growth in Internet use continues. It is particularly relevant in the area of healthcare, where the ways in which informa... | 11720930 | PMC1761854 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Jun 23; 2(2):e11 |
Introduction
Note: An accompanying editorial, "A Question of Duty: Legal Issues Resulting from Physician Response to Unsolicited Patient Email Inquiries,"by P. Kuszler, MD, JD, has been published in this issue.
Many patients are using the Internet as a source of medical information. Mains... | 11720939 | PMC1761855 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 18; 2(3):e16 |
Introduction
The avowed, logical, and admirable purpose of a trustmark system such as MedCERTAIN is to "establish a fully functional self- and third-party rating system enabling patients and consumers to filter harmful health information and to positively identify and select high quality information" [1]. A ratings sys... | 11720941 | PMC1761856 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 19; 2(3):e18 |
Commentary
The topic discussed in the paper of James Till [1] is very interesting and urgent, now that medicine has also joined the preprint era with other scientific fields.
The author suggests that journals may use the preprints archives as a source for finding papers to be published, going into competition to obtai... | 11720938 | PMC1761857 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 12; 2(3):e15 |
Patients have eagerly embraced the Internet and its email capacity to increase their knowledge and access to medical information. Along with access to countless patient support "chat rooms" and an ever-increasing volume of full text health and medical literature, the Internet also offers a virtually barrier-less opport... | 11720940 | PMC1761858 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 18; 2(3):e17 |
Background
The establishment of BMJ's Clinical Medicine NetPrints [1] and The Lancet's Electronic Research Archive [2] websites marks an extension to clinical medicine of a novel experiment in scientific publishing. The experiment involves public access to electronic preprints, without prior peer review. The arXiv arch... | 11720937 | PMC1761859 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 1; 2(3):e14 |
Introduction
The software used by World Wide Web (WWW) search engines continues to evolve so rapidly that keeping abreast of search features is a never-ending task. Search engines, such as Northern Light, HotBot, and AltaVista, undergo constant overhauls. Search engine software changes so frequently that help screens, ... | 11720942 | PMC1761860 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 27; 2(3):e19 |
Full paper published as:
Terry NP. Rating the "Raters": Legal Exposure of Trustmark Authorities in the Context of Consumer Health Informatics. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2000;2(3):e18. (http://www.jmir.org/2000/3/e18/) | 0 | PMC1761866 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e8 |
An analogy to medical journals and their selection process
First some general remarks: it is interesting to note that every argument brought forward by Tony against the feasibility of selecting websites for recommendation to consumers can in principle be generalized to the problem of selecting, evaluating and endorsing... | 0 | PMC1761867 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Dec 12; 2(Suppl 2):e14 |
Full paper published as:
A. R. Jadad, R. B. Haynes, D. L. Hunt, and G. P. Browman. The Internet and evidence-based decision-making: a needed synergy for efficient knowledge management in health care. CMAJ 162 (3):362-365, 2000. (http://www.cma.ca/cmaj/vol-162/issue-3/0362.htm) | 0 | PMC1761869 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e2 |
Warning - this is an unedited draft, which will be replaced by a final version mid of October [will be posted at this URL].
Following a meeting convened to discuss the EU-funded MedCERTAIN project on improving information quality on the Internet, a broad group of individuals from 4 continents and 21 countries, drawn ... | 0 | PMC1761870 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 22; 2(Suppl 2):e11 |
(full paper submitted to a peer-reviewed journal)
Table 1 Proposed conceptual and methodological framework for describing, comparing, and analyzing the structure and quality of e-health
Structural Quality
Process (Performance) Quality
Outcome Quality
What do we want to evaluate / improve? Communication setti... | 0 | PMC1761871 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e9 |
Full paper published as:
Rippen H, Risk A, for the e-Health Ethics Initiative. e-Health Code of Ethics. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2000;2(2):e9. http://www.jmir.org/2000/2/e9/) | 0 | PMC1761873 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e3 |
In a workshop discussing the worldwide first publicly funded international trustmark project for health information on the web (MedCERTAIN), workshop participants discussed aims, possible beenfits and concerns relating to trustmarks for health information on the web. The following document attempts to summarize the iss... | 0 | PMC1761874 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e12 |
(full paper submitted to a peer-reviewed journal)
Table 1 Proposed conceptual and methodological framework for describing, comparing, and analyzing the structure and quality of e-health
Structural Quality
Process (Performance) Quality
Outcome Quality
What do we want to evaluate / improve? Communication setti... | 0 | PMC1761875 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e13 |
Background
The evolution of the "information age" is mirrored in the exponential growth in the number of web sites and online accessible databases, and expanding services and publications available on the Internet [1]. Many consumers and patients directly apply the information they have read on the Internet to their ow... | 0 | PMC1761877 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e1 |
Figure 1 Photograph of workshop attendees.
More than 80 eHealth experts from 20 different countries and four continents attended an international workshop in Heidelberg/Germany to agree on an international scientific collaboration in the field of ehealth, to work on a metadata structure for ehealth providers and to di... | 0 | PMC1761878 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e10 |
Full paper published as:
Guidelines for medical and health information sites on the Internet: principles governing AMA Web sites by Margaret A. Winker; Annette Flanagin; Bonnie Chi-Lum; John White; Karen Andrews; Robert L. Kennett; Catherine D. DeAngelis; Robert A. Musacchio (JAMA 2000 Mar22/29; 283 (12)::1600-1606).... | 0 | PMC1761879 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 22:42:36 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2000 Sep 13; 2(Suppl 2):e4 |
Introduction
Today's healthcare environments use clinical electronic records that are shared between computer systems and which may be distributed over many locations and between organizations, in order to provide information to internal users, to payers and to respond to external requests. With increasing mobility of ... | 11720951 | PMC1761880 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e9 |
Introduction
In recent years, the number of people accessing the World Wide Web (WWW) has increased beyond expectation. All manner of users, from the casual surfer to the professional can avail themselves of this vast information resource, with health information and health promotion resources being prominent [1]. The ... | 11720948 | PMC1761881 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e6 |
Benefits of Online Drug Sales
The use of the Internet by our nation's citizens, from school age children to seniors, has opened up vast new opportunities for the exchange of information and for enhancing commerce in all types of consumer products. Electronic mail and chat groups have dramatically facilitated communicat... | 11720945 | PMC1761882 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jan 31; 3(1):e3 |
Introduction
Electronic medical consultation as a means of health delivery is available worldwide. Although only in its infancy in New Zealand, it is likely to gain momentum and acceptance and will have an impact on both the health deliverer and the consumer. The adoption of electronic consultation could radically chan... | 11720955 | PMC1761883 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e13 |
Introduction
Hospitals are rapidly adopting Intranet technology. According to a survey by PriceWaterhouseCoopers and Zinn Enterprises, the proportion of large hospitals (number of acute care beds greater than 500) with an Intranet rose from less than half of the respondents in 1999 to nearly three-quarters in 2000 [1].... | 11720952 | PMC1761884 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e10 |
Introduction
Parts of patients' medical records are located in all the places where they have received clinical services (eg, community doctors, primary care, and secondary care). All of these segments, which are related to personal healthcare delivery and well being, reside in places that are disparate and, in most ca... | 11720949 | PMC1761885 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e7 |
Introduction
The Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) digital wireless network that is used to transmit audio communication in cellular phones may also be used to transmit data at rates that are typically limited to 9600 bits/s. However, for access to the Internet a mobile phone needs connection to a computing ... | 11720946 | PMC1761886 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e4 |
This issue of JMIR features a provocative study which will almost certainly lead to great controversies: A "cyberdoctor" who prescribed sildenafil online compared the collected data and outcomes of his online patients with those from a traditional clinic [1]. His conclusions, based on more than 2,000 online encounters:... | 11720943 | PMC1761887 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jan 31; 3(1):e1 |
Introduction
Many European countries aim to introduce Electronic Patient Records (EPRs) as part of the modernization of their public health services. Indeed, the UK NHS (United Kingdom National Health Service) Executive [1] reported that:
2.7 The arguments for a move towards an electronic record are compelling. Such r... | 11720950 | PMC1761888 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e8 |
Introduction
The U.K. National electronic Library for Health (NeLH) [1] is a Web-based, "library without walls" project announced in 1998 as part of the National Health Service (NHS) "Information for Health" strategy of the U.K. Department of Health [2]. It will be one of the cornerstones of the new NHS health informat... | 11720947 | PMC1761889 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e5 |
Introduction
As the population with Internet access increases in Japan, there is a notable trend toward the use of this new information communication medium in the fields of medicine and welfare. The words "e-commerce" and "e-business" may be taken as indications of a new human economic activity based on the latest inf... | 11720954 | PMC1761890 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e12 |
Information Technology, Globalization, and Social and Geographic Inequality
Two initial observations come to mind upon noting the facility with which the term "globalization" is applied to virtually everything: Enormous socio-economic differences exist, and it is known that the Internet network is mainly spreading in c... | 11720953 | PMC1761891 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Mar 17; 3(1):e11 |
Introduction
Erectile dysfunction is an extremely common condition: according to the Massachusetts Male Aging Study, 52% of surveyed men aged 40 to 70 had some degree of erectile dysfunction, with dysfunction being moderate to complete in approximately half of the 70-year-old men [1]. Similarly, the National Health and... | 11720944 | PMC1761892 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jan 31; 3(1):e2 |
Introduction
The practice of medicine is rooted in a covenant of trust among patients, physicians, and society.
The ethic of medicine must seek to balance the physician's responsibility to each patient and the professional, collective obligation to all who need medical care.
The Council of Medical Specialty Societies... | 11720965 | PMC1761893 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jun 28; 3(2):e23 |
Introduction
Everybody talks about e-health these days, but few people have come up with a clear definition of this comparatively new term. Barely in use before 1999, this term now seems to serve as a general "buzzword," used to characterize not only "Internet medicine", but also virtually everything related to compute... | 11720962 | PMC1761894 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jun 18; 3(2):e20 |
Introduction
There are an increasing number of formats by which digital health information can be disseminated. The media that have been employed to disseminate health information since the "digital revolution" include the Internet, CD-ROMs, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) phones, touch screen public kiosks, videoc... | 11720960 | PMC1761895 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 May 23; 3(2):e18 |
Introduction
Increasingly, individuals around the world are turning to the Internet for health-related knowledge [1]. In the United States, more than 52 million adults have searched the World Wide Web for health and medical information [2]. An increasing number of health-related Web sites are now becoming available for... | 11720957 | PMC1761896 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Apr 9; 3(2):e15 |
Introduction
Image-communication systems for medical images have bandwidth (data-transfer capacity) and image-size constraints that result in time-consuming connections for uncompressed raw-image data. Image compression is a key factor to improving transmission speed and storage, but it risks losing relevant medical in... | 11720963 | PMC1761897 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jun 22; 3(2):e21 |
Introduction
For the past 100,000 years, people have been able to produce, distribute, and process information in a synchronized manner. About 500 years ago, the situation started to change rapidly. With the advent of the mobile typepress, our ability to produce and distribute information started to accelerate, outpaci... | 11720961 | PMC1761898 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jun 7; 3(2):e19 |
Introduction
Continuous education is vital in the health sciences field due to the huge amounts of new data generated by the rapid growth of knowledge in the area. This gives rise to new challenges, not only for graduate professionals, but also for universities, which have to extend their role to continuous education a... | 11720958 | PMC1761899 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Apr 19; 3(2):e16 |
The first time I heard the term "e-health" I was at the 7th International Congress on Telemedicine and Telecare in London, at the end of November 1999. John Mitchell from Sidney, Australia, spoke about a national government study whose main result was the recognition that "cost-effectiveness of telemedicine and telehea... | 11720964 | PMC1761900 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Jun 22; 3(2):e22 |
Introduction
A High Level Security Policy (HLSP) is a set of high-level statements intended to guide Health Care Establishment (HCE) personnel who are involved in the processing and management of sensitive health care information. It provides a set of mandatory regulations to ensure adequate security of personal health... | 11720956 | PMC1761901 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Apr 6; 3(2):e14 |
Introduction
Sophisticated consumer health information systems, supported by emerging technologies, are expected to become integral components of future medical practice [1]. Online resources have created not only the potential for health care providers to complement their usual delivery of services, but also to fundam... | 11720959 | PMC1761902 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:13 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 May 17; 3(2):e17 |
Introduction
Health informatics is not just information science for health professionals. One definition of health or medical informatics is that it: "Comprises the theoretical and practical aspects of information processing and communication, based on knowledge and experience derived from processes in medicine and hea... | 11720968 | PMC1761904 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Sep 29; 3(3):e26 |
We are very excited and proud to announce that in July 2001 the Journal of Medical Internet Research (JMIR) has been selected by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to be indexed in Medline/Index Medicus, the world's most important biomedical bibliographical database. NLM uses an advisory committee, the Literature S... | 11720967 | PMC1761905 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Aug 28; 3(3):e25 |
Introduction
It is crucial that patients have adequate medical information to educate, sensitize, and prepare themselves before and after undergoing medical procedures. Despite this, many fields of medicine remain unexplored by and unknown to the general public. Open-heart surgery remains one of the least-known fields,... | 11720969 | PMC1761906 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Sep 30; 3(3):e27 |
Introduction
The consumer vocabulary problem
Digital information technology can facilitate informed decision making by individuals and can contribute to the realization of 2 important goals of the United States (US) health care establishment. The first of these goals is the US Healthy People 2010 goal of increasing "li... | 11720966 | PMC1761907 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Aug 28; 3(3):e24 |
Introduction
The main objective for a European electronic marketplace for medical devices is to establish an environment hosting all the interactions of consumers (health care organizations and professionals) and providers (manufacturers, distributors, and resellers of medical devices). This objective is to be accompli... | 11772547 | PMC1761912 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 26; 3(4):e32 |
Introduction
Current situation of health information on the Internet
A global medium and a seismic shift
There is an explosion in the amount of health information available on the Internet. This increase does not show signs of slowing down. For example, entering the word "health" in a generic search engine like Google ... | 11772543 | PMC1761913 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 26; 3(4):e28 |
"An ontology is a specification of a conceptualization,
i.e., a formal description of the concepts and their relations for a universe of discourse." [1]
In this issue of the Journal of Medical Internet Research, Risk and Dzenowagis present a review of quality initiatives of health information on ... | 11772549 | PMC1761914 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 31; 3(4):e34 |
Introduction
The explosion of health information on the Internet is shifting the focus of traditional medical informatics (medical information science) from health professionals to consumers [1]. Consumer informatics is the branch of medical informatics that is concerned with studying consumers' needs for information, ... | 11772546 | PMC1761915 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 26; 3(4):e31 |
Introduction
Several investigators have shown that cancer patients consider information to be of great importance; further, informing patients and relatives is now an important part of cancer treatment [1,2]. During the last decade, information requests to health care workers in the Western world have steadily increase... | 11772545 | PMC1761916 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 26; 3(4):e30 |
The report of Ahmad Risk and Joan Dzenowagis for the World Health Organization [1] provides a useful compendium and commentary for those who are trying to get a handle on the proliferation of quality improvement mechanisms for the health Internet. The authors identify the prevention of harm and citizen protection as th... | 11772544 | PMC1761917 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 26; 3(4):e29 |
Introduction
Beta-thalassaemia is a hereditary disease, which results from a mutation in the genes that are responsible for the production of hemoglobin. The hemoglobin found in healthy persons is substituted by a nonfunctional protein, thus leading to severe anemia, the onset of which usually lies between the fourth a... | 11772548 | PMC1761918 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2001 Dec 26; 3(4):e33 |
Current estimates suggest that 25 million people in the UK have access to the World Wide Web, and 14 million use it regularly [1]. Worldwide over 500 million people have logged on [2]. They have access to over 3 billion Web documents [3], and at least 2% of Web sites are health related [4]. Indeed, accessing health inf... | 11956036 | PMC1761925 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Feb 18; 4(1):e4 |
Introduction
Management of patients with chronic conditions is a long-standing challenge for health care organizations. These conditions include diabetes, chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Asthma, HIV/AIDS, and cancer. Patients are required to adopt lifelong exercise, diet, and ... | 11956033 | PMC1761926 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Jan 10; 4(1):e1 |
Introduction
It is well recognized that cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression when delivered face-to-face, via self-help books (bibliotherapy), and through computer administration [1,2,3]. CBT programs have also been shown to be effective in preventing depression [4,5,6]. However, th... | 11956035 | PMC1761927 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Feb 15; 4(1):e3 |
Introduction
While predictions have been made [1], little is known about how patient use of the Internet currently affects frontline clinicians. High quality information on the Internet is assumed to be vital for patients. Poor quality information presents obvious risks, including self-mistreatment and misdiagnosis (wh... | 11956037 | PMC1761928 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:14 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Mar 31; 4(1):e5 |
Introduction
The importance of the Internet for contemporary public health has been acknowledged for some time. People have used the Internet for many years to access health-related information. Pallen points out that, although health professionals originally assumed that health-related Internet sites would be somethin... | 11956034 | PMC1761929 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Jan 17; 4(1):e2 |
Introduction
Physicians have traditionally been the sole providers of information to patients about their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options. Until recently, many physicians believed that patients could not cope with bad news and should be kept ignorant of many details about their illness [1].
Many patients n... | 12554556 | PMC1761930 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e9 |
Disease Management and the Internet
Disease Management refers to "a set of coordinated healthcare interventions and communications for populations with conditions in which patient self-care efforts are significant." [1] Disease management supports the care plan and enhances the provider-patient relationship. It emphasi... | 12554553 | PMC1761931 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 25; 4(2):e6 |
Identifying issues for qualitative research
As the most comprehensive archive of written material representing our world and people's opinions, concerns, and desires (in industrialized countries), the Internet can be used to identify `issues' for qualitative (descriptive) research and to generate hypotheses. Material p... | 12554560 | PMC1761932 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e13 |
Introduction
"We've all heard that a million monkeys banging on a million typewriters will eventually reproduce the entire works of Shakespeare. Now, thanks to the Internet, we know this is not true" [1].
Robert WilenskyThe results of a recent major national survey found that about 110 million people in the U.S. — ove... | 12554557 | PMC1761933 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e10 |
Introduction
Health information on the Internet is pervasive with thousands of Web sites, chat rooms, and support groups [1]. Some in the medical community have espoused the potential positive impact of the Internet on increasing health education and promoting self-care [2-4]. Others have cautioned about the public hea... | 12554554 | PMC1761934 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e7 |
Introduction
A Decade of Development of Decision-support Tools
If, 10 years ago, health communicators had learned that they could deliver programs to peoples' homes on demand, with video, data tailored to the individual user, and with a social support network in place through these programs, many may have jumped at the... | 12554558 | PMC1761935 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e11 |
Introduction
"Every eight seconds a person dies of a tobacco-related disease and almost as quickly another victim is recruited." [1]
The World Health Organization (WHO) attributes about 4 million deaths a year to tobacco use, a figure expected to rise to about 10 million deaths a year by 2030 [2]. Smoking kills 19000 ... | 12554555 | PMC1761936 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e8 |
Privacy
`Privacy' is a vaguely defined term that, in an online context, includes the right of an individual to:
Determine what information is collected about them and how it is used. Sometimes we are not aware what data are being collected about us (e.g. via `cookies' on a Web site--see Glossary) or how it may be used... | 12554559 | PMC1761937 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 22; 4(2):e12 |
Critical, evidence-based evaluation of the effectiveness of information and communication technology should be one important component of eHealth [1]. In clinical medicine, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the "gold-standard" to assess the effectiveness of a treatment: next to systematic reviews, a we... | 12554548 | PMC1761938 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Oct 17; 4(3):e17 |
Introduction
Many persons with clinical depression or subdiagnostic symptoms of depression obtain traditional medication and/or psychotherapy services [1,2]. However,many of them, as many as 50% or more, do not obtain such traditional treatments [3]. The reasons for this seeming disconnect between disorder and treatmen... | 12554545 | PMC1761939 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Dec 17; 4(3):e14 |
Introduction
It is widely recognized that utilization of information and communication technologies (ICT) can be of great benefit for the Hellenic, as well as any other, National Health System (NHS). The current penetration of information and communication technologies in the Hellenic health care sector can be summariz... | 12554551 | PMC1761940 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Dec 31; 4(3):e20 |
Introduction
The Internet and emergent telecommunications infrastructures are transforming health care management as well as the dynamics of health care service markets. The costs of health care delivery systems, products, and services continue to rise everywhere, but performance of health care delivery is associated w... | 12554552 | PMC1761941 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Dec 31; 4(3):e21 |
Introduction
The Internet continues to evolve as an increasingly-important source of health information for millions. Based on a national survey in March 2002, an estimated 73 million Americans have used the Internet for health information, with approximately 6 million Americans going online for health advice each day ... | 12554550 | PMC1761942 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Dec 31; 4(3):e19 |
Introduction
The increased use of the Internet by ordinary people is changing the way health care providers and the general population search for and retrieve medical information, which, in turn, modifies user-provider interaction and health care delivery. Studies have evaluated the use of the Internet in different med... | 12554547 | PMC1761943 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Dec 20; 4(3):e16 |
Plastic bag suffocation as a method of suicide has been reported before but still remains unusual [1]. On the other hand, accidental deaths are not uncommon among children who play with shopping bags and among adolescents who are solvent abusers. The combination of a plastic bag and an organic solvent is highly unusual... | 12554549 | PMC1761944 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Oct 17; 4(3):e18 |
Introduction
Health related web sites are now amongst the most frequently accessed sites on the internet with current estimates indicating that there are now over 100,000 sites offering health related information [1]. As a result of the wealth of information available and its apparent popularity, a number of organisati... | 12554546 | PMC1761945 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:15 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2002 Nov 29; 4(3):e15 |
Introduction
One of the common findings of research on Web-based behavior change programs is that participants spend only a relatively meager amount of time accessing their online intervention [1]. This implies minimal participant exposure to the critical behavior change ingredients of the program, which could potentia... | 16954125 | PMC1761946 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 19:40:21 | no | J Med Internet Res. 2006 Aug 30; 8(3):e15 |
Findings
Severe combined hyperlipidaemia with comparable elevation of both triglycerides and cholesterol usually has an inherited basis, such as familial dysbetalipoproteinaemia. The expression of the genetic potential for these lipid disorders is a complex process which only occurs when genetically inherited predispos... | 17173705 | PMC1762005 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:02 | no | Lipids Health Dis. 2006 Dec 17; 5:29 |
Background
Standard microarray analyses use cDNA synthesized from the poly-A tail of RNA. It requires highly intact RNA to be successful. Specimens must be obtained from intact tissues and processed immediately to avoid degradation of the RNA. Avoiding damage is difficult in clinical settings. Autopsy samples may under... | 17144909 | PMC1762006 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:12 | no | BMC Clin Pathol. 2006 Dec 4; 6:9 |
Background
In the last decade, model plants have been the subject of rapid advances in genomics, including the completion of the sequence of both Arabidopsis thaliana [1] and rice [2,3]. Knowledge gained from these studies and associated technological and methodological progresses create new prospects in a variety of b... | 17166278 | PMC1762007 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Plant Biol. 2006 Dec 13; 6:28 |
Background
Lameness of fattening dairy and meat bulls is an animal welfare issue that also has significant economic consequences. Affected animals often suffer from osteoarthritis (OA) [1]. OA is a degenerative joint disease affecting the articular-epiphyseal cartilage complex. The aetiopathogenesis in growing bulls is... | 17156437 | PMC1762008 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:19 | no | Acta Vet Scand. 2006 Dec 8; 48(1):25 |
Background
Chromatin structure plays a critical role in all processes involving the genome of eukaryotic organisms. The first step in chromatin establishment de novo is the deposition of an (H3/H4)2 heterotetramer onto DNA by one or more of several histone chaperones including Asf1, CAF-1, and the HIR Complex. The pre-... | 17166288 | PMC1762009 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Struct Biol. 2006 Dec 13; 6:26 |
Background
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be the most common childhood DSM-IV diagnosis [1], with 30% to 50% of cases persisting into adulthood [2]. Research in pediatric ADHD has progressed to documenting differences in neuropsychological functioning at the level of the DSM-IV subtypes: Combined (... | 17173676 | PMC1762010 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:09 | no | Behav Brain Funct. 2006 Dec 15; 2:43 |
Background
Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) is a major health care problem worldwide and is associated with varied etiologies. CP is identified clinically by loss of endocrine and/or exocrine functions and pathologically by the presence of chronic inflammation and fibrosis of the pancreas [1,2]. Tropical calcific pancreatitis... | 17163998 | PMC1762011 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Gastroenterol. 2006 Dec 12; 6:42 |
Background
Temperate phages integrate into the bacterial chromosome through a site-specific recombination event catalyzed by a phage-encoded recombinase. This process involves a common core present in the phage attP and the bacterial attB genomic DNA sequences, which are identical [1]. Genetic tools based on phage syst... | 17173678 | PMC1762012 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:22:27 | no | BMC Mol Biol. 2006 Dec 15; 7:47 |
Background
As the production and consumption of spatial data continues to increase, the subsequent use and abuse of spatially referenced data is also on the rise. Jacquez [1] provides a timely review of the key issues, outlining a number of limitations to working with spatial and temporal data. For example, one of the ... | 17166283 | PMC1762013 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:11 | no | Int J Health Geogr. 2006 Dec 13; 5:58 |
Background
Diabetes affects approximately 5% of all Canadians aged 20 years or older, with the prevalence rising with age [1] Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90% of the diagnosed cases of diabetes in Canada, while approximately 10% of diabetes cases are attributed to type 1 diabetes [1]. The National Diabetes Surveillance... | 17164006 | PMC1762014 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Health Serv Res. 2006 Dec 12; 6:159 |
Background
Shoulder pain is common with a one-year prevalence ranging between 5% and 47% [1,2]. [3,4] In a general practice population a one-week prevalence of 21% and one-month prevalence of 18% were reported [5]. A Finnish study [6] reported a one-year incidence of shoulder pain of 14% among forestry workers. Shoulde... | 17150087 | PMC1762015 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006 Dec 6; 7:97 |
Background
Current estimates indicate that 30,000 people will be diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck region each year in the USA and greater than 8,000 of these patients will die of their disease. Despite recent advances in surgical reconstruction permitting larger resections in addition t... | 17147827 | PMC1762016 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:26:53 | no | World J Surg Oncol. 2006 Dec 5; 4:87 |
Background
Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant disorder resulting from a trinucleotide CAG expansion in the HD gene. While the expression of mutant htt is sufficient to cause HD-like symptoms with normal expression levels of wild-type htt [1-3], recent data suggests that decreased levels of wild-type htt i... | 17147801 | PMC1762017 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Neurosci. 2006 Dec 5; 7:80 |
Background
In eukaryotic cells, histones play an important role in transcription control by packing the genomic DNA into an array of nucleosomes and higher order chromatin structure [1-3]. The amino-terminal tails of histones are rich in positively charged lysine residues which form tight contacts with the negatively c... | 17156483 | PMC1762018 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:26:49 | no | Mol Cancer. 2006 Dec 11; 5:71 |
Background
Tumor cell invasion is a complex process involving genetic and cellular alterations which lead to proteolysis and dispersion through three-dimensional biological barriers [1-4]. Type I collagen is the most abundant component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and is therefore a significant obstacle for tumor... | 17156449 | PMC1762019 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:26:49 | no | Mol Cancer. 2006 Dec 8; 5:69 |
Background
The paradigm that cancer progression is a multi-step process, associated with multiple molecular changes as it progresses from preneoplasia to invasive carcinoma [1], has been challenged by recent molecular data. Gene expression profiling and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) studies of breast cancer d... | 17147824 | PMC1762020 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:20:13 | no | BMC Cancer. 2006 Dec 5; 6:275 |
1 Background
The Outer Islands Health Care System (OIHCS) is an integral component of the Bureau of Primary Health Care (PHC), in the Republic of Marshall Island's (RMI) Ministry of Health (MOH). The OIHCS is responsible for the operations of the primary health care services to approximately 17 000 people dwelling on 1... | 17173693 | PMC1762021 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:16 | no | Hum Resour Health. 2006 Dec 15; 4:27 |
Background
Urine cytology for screening of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) has been used for long time. Despite the advent of several newer techniques for screening and diagnosis of urothelial malignancies, cytomorphology still remains an important tool [1]. "Atypical cells" in urine have been recognized and studied ... | 17169162 | PMC1762022 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:26:10 | no | Cytojournal. 2006 Dec 15; 3:28 |
Commentary
In 1981 the first indication of a disturbing new illness that defied medical classification appeared in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report [1]. Little could have prepared the scientific community – or the world – for the human catastrophe that followed. We a... | 17140432 | PMC1762023 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:10 | no | Retrovirology. 2006 Dec 1; 3:85 |
Background
Diabetes is prevalent and an important risk factor for the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Approximately 20% of patients with diabetes have IHD, and patients with both conditions are at particularly high risk of for adverse outcomes [1,2]. Practice guidelines recommend at least four pharmacologi... | 17173679 | PMC1762024 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:30:09 | no | BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2006 Dec 15; 6:48 |
Background
With the increase in multi-center studies has come an increased need to perform cellular studies that can be standardized. The responses of blood mononuclear cells are commonly used as surrogates for in vivo immune responses to adaptive and innate immune stimuli. Performing cellular assays at a single centra... | 17156490 | PMC1762025 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:28:46 | no | BMC Immunol. 2006 Dec 12; 7:29 |
I. Background
Depression is a widespread condition associated with significant functional and social deterioration as well as extensive direct and indirect health care costs. A recent review of epidemiological studies estimates the annual prevalence rate of major depression at approximately 5% in Europe [1]. Within the... | 17147790 | PMC1762026 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:26:14 | no | Cost Eff Resour Alloc. 2006 Dec 5; 4:19 |
Background
Eukaryotic transcription is controlled by multiple factors, which may need to bind to DNA in a specific arrangement in a gene's transcriptional control region. This type of regulation system is called a cis-regulatory module (CRM). The DNA motifs (specific patterns of nucleotides) to which these factors bind... | 17147812 | PMC1762027 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:29:06 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2006 Dec 5; 7:528 |
pmcBackground
The estimation of evolutionary distances between biological sequences is at the basis of many bioinformatics problems: it plays a particularly important role in phylogenetic tree inference [1,2] and in an increasing number of comparative genomics analyses over large sets of genes or proteins (e.g. [3-5])... | 17147817 | PMC1762028 | CC BY | 2023-04-19 23:17:18 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2006 Dec 5; 7:529 |
Background
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains (MTBC) are the causative agents of tuberculosis (TB), a disease that has a considerable detrimental impact on human and animal health worldwide [1]. This group of slow growing pathogens includes the classical M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. africanum, M. microti, as w... | 17163995 | PMC1762029 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:29:49 | no | BMC Evol Biol. 2006 Dec 12; 6:107 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.